Transformers documentation

Models

Transformers

You are viewing v4.17.0 version. A newer version v4.46.3 is available.

Join the Hugging Face community

and get access to the augmented documentation experience

Collaborate on models, datasets and Spaces

Faster examples with accelerated inference

Switch between documentation themes

to get started

Models

The base classes PreTrainedModel, TFPreTrainedModel, and FlaxPreTrainedModel implement the common methods for loading/saving a model either from a local file or directory, or from a pretrained model configuration provided by the library (downloaded from HuggingFace’s AWS S3 repository).

PreTrainedModel and TFPreTrainedModel also implement a few methods which are common among all the models to:

resize the input token embeddings when new tokens are added to the vocabulary
prune the attention heads of the model.

The other methods that are common to each model are defined in ModuleUtilsMixin (for the PyTorch models) and TFModuleUtilsMixin (for the TensorFlow models) or for text generation, GenerationMixin (for the PyTorch models), TFGenerationMixin (for the TensorFlow models) and FlaxGenerationMixin (for the Flax/JAX models).

PreTrainedModel

class transformers.PreTrainedModel

( config: PretrainedConfig *inputs **kwargs )

Base class for all models.

PreTrainedModel takes care of storing the configuration of the models and handles methods for loading, downloading and saving models as well as a few methods common to all models to:

resize the input embeddings,
prune heads in the self-attention heads.

Class attributes (overridden by derived classes):

config_class (PretrainedConfig) — A subclass of PretrainedConfig to use as configuration class for this model architecture.
load_tf_weights (Callable) — A python method for loading a TensorFlow checkpoint in a PyTorch model, taking as arguments:
- model (PreTrainedModel) — An instance of the model on which to load the TensorFlow checkpoint.
- config (PreTrainedConfig) — An instance of the configuration associated to the model.
- path (str) — A path to the TensorFlow checkpoint.
base_model_prefix (str) — A string indicating the attribute associated to the base model in derived classes of the same architecture adding modules on top of the base model.
is_parallelizable (bool) — A flag indicating whether this model supports model parallelization.
main_input_name (str) — The name of the principal input to the model (often input_ids for NLP models, pixel_values for vision models and input_values for speech models).

push_to_hub

( repo_path_or_name: typing.Optional[str] = None repo_url: typing.Optional[str] = None use_temp_dir: bool = False commit_message: typing.Optional[str] = None organization: typing.Optional[str] = None private: typing.Optional[bool] = None use_auth_token: typing.Union[bool, str, NoneType] = None **model_card_kwargs ) → str

Parameters

repo_path_or_name (str, optional) — Can either be a repository name for your model in the Hub or a path to a local folder (in which case the repository will have the name of that local folder). If not specified, will default to the name given by repo_url and a local directory with that name will be created.
repo_url (str, optional) — Specify this in case you want to push to an existing repository in the hub. If unspecified, a new repository will be created in your namespace (unless you specify an organization) with repo_name.
use_temp_dir (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to clone the distant repo in a temporary directory or in repo_path_or_name inside the current working directory. This will slow things down if you are making changes in an existing repo since you will need to clone the repo before every push.
commit_message (str, optional) — Message to commit while pushing. Will default to "add model".
organization (str, optional) — Organization in which you want to push your model (you must be a member of this organization).
private (bool, optional) — Whether or not the repository created should be private (requires a paying subscription).
use_auth_token (bool or str, optional) — The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If True, will use the token generated when running transformers-cli login (stored in ~/.huggingface). Will default to True if repo_url is not specified.

Returns

str

The url of the commit of your model in the given repository.

Upload the model checkpoint to the 🤗 Model Hub while synchronizing a local clone of the repo in repo_path_or_name.

Examples:

from transformers import AutoModel

model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" with no local clone.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", use_temp_dir=True)

# Push the model to an organization with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", organization="huggingface")

# Make a change to an existing repo that has been cloned locally in *my-finetuned-bert*.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", repo_url="https://huggingface.co/sgugger/my-finetuned-bert")

from_pretrained

( pretrained_model_name_or_path: typing.Union[str, os.PathLike, NoneType] *model_args **kwargs )

Parameters

pretrained_model_name_or_path (str or os.PathLike, optional) — Can be either:
- A string, the model id of a pretrained model hosted inside a model repo on huggingface.co. Valid model ids can be located at the root-level, like bert-base-uncased, or namespaced under a user or organization name, like dbmdz/bert-base-german-cased.
- A path to a directory containing model weights saved using save_pretrained(), e.g., ./my_model_directory/.
- A path or url to a tensorflow index checkpoint file (e.g, ./tf_model/model.ckpt.index). In this case, from_tf should be set to True and a configuration object should be provided as config argument. This loading path is slower than converting the TensorFlow checkpoint in a PyTorch model using the provided conversion scripts and loading the PyTorch model afterwards.
- A path or url to a model folder containing a flax checkpoint file in .msgpack format (e.g, ./flax_model/ containing flax_model.msgpack). In this case, from_flax should be set to True.
- None if you are both providing the configuration and state dictionary (resp. with keyword arguments config and state_dict).
model_args (sequence of positional arguments, optional) — All remaining positional arguments will be passed to the underlying model’s __init__ method.
config (Union[PretrainedConfig, str, os.PathLike], optional) — Can be either:
- an instance of a class derived from PretrainedConfig,
- a string or path valid as input to from_pretrained().

Instantiate a pretrained pytorch model from a pre-trained model configuration.

The model is set in evaluation mode by default using model.eval() (Dropout modules are deactivated). To train the model, you should first set it back in training mode with model.train().

The warning Weights from XXX not initialized from pretrained model means that the weights of XXX do not come pretrained with the rest of the model. It is up to you to train those weights with a downstream fine-tuning task.

The warning Weights from XXX not used in YYY means that the layer XXX is not used by YYY, therefore those weights are discarded.

Passing `use_auth_token=True“ is required when you want to use a private model.

Activate the special “offline-mode” to use this method in a firewalled environment.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import BertConfig, BertModel

>>> # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> # Model was saved using *save_pretrained('./test/saved_model/')* (for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("./test/saved_model/")
>>> # Update configuration during loading.
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased", output_attentions=True)
>>> assert model.config.output_attentions == True
>>> # Loading from a TF checkpoint file instead of a PyTorch model (slower, for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> config = BertConfig.from_json_file("./tf_model/my_tf_model_config.json")
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("./tf_model/my_tf_checkpoint.ckpt.index", from_tf=True, config=config)
>>> # Loading from a Flax checkpoint file instead of a PyTorch model (slower)
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased", from_flax=True)

get_input_embeddings

( ) → nn.Module

Returns

nn.Module

A torch module mapping vocabulary to hidden states.

Returns the model’s input embeddings.

get_output_embeddings

( ) → nn.Module

Returns

nn.Module

A torch module mapping hidden states to vocabulary.

Returns the model’s output embeddings.

gradient_checkpointing_disable

( )

Deactivates gradient checkpointing for the current model.

Note that in other frameworks this feature can be referred to as “activation checkpointing” or “checkpoint activations”.

gradient_checkpointing_enable

( )

Activates gradient checkpointing for the current model.

Note that in other frameworks this feature can be referred to as “activation checkpointing” or “checkpoint activations”.

init_weights

( )

If needed prunes and maybe initializes weights.

post_init

( )

A method executed at the end of each Transformer model initialization, to execute code that needs the model’s modules properly initialized (such as weight initialization).

prune_heads

( heads_to_prune: typing.Dict[int, typing.List[int]] )

Parameters

heads_to_prune (Dict[int, List[int]]) — Dictionary with keys being selected layer indices (int) and associated values being the list of heads to prune in said layer (list of int). For instance {1: [0, 2], 2: [2, 3]} will prune heads 0 and 2 on layer 1 and heads 2 and 3 on layer 2.

Prunes heads of the base model.

register_for_auto_class

( auto_class = 'AutoModel' )

Parameters

auto_class (str or type, optional, defaults to "AutoModel") — The auto class to register this new model with.

Register this class with a given auto class. This should only be used for custom models as the ones in the library are already mapped with an auto class.

This API is experimental and may have some slight breaking changes in the next releases.

resize_token_embeddings

( new_num_tokens: typing.Optional[int] = None ) → torch.nn.Embedding

Parameters

new_num_tokens (int, optional) — The number of new tokens in the embedding matrix. Increasing the size will add newly initialized vectors at the end. Reducing the size will remove vectors from the end. If not provided or None, just returns a pointer to the input tokens torch.nn.Embedding module of the model without doing anything.

Returns

torch.nn.Embedding

Pointer to the input tokens Embeddings Module of the model.

Resizes input token embeddings matrix of the model if new_num_tokens != config.vocab_size.

Takes care of tying weights embeddings afterwards if the model class has a tie_weights() method.

save_pretrained

( save_directory: typing.Union[str, os.PathLike] save_config: bool = True state_dict: typing.Optional[dict] = None save_function: typing.Callable = <function save at 0x7f87419d01f0> push_to_hub: bool = False **kwargs )

Parameters

save_directory (str or os.PathLike) — Directory to which to save. Will be created if it doesn’t exist.
save_config (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether or not to save the config of the model. Useful when in distributed training like TPUs and need to call this function on all processes. In this case, set save_config=True only on the main process to avoid race conditions.
state_dict (nested dictionary of torch.Tensor) — The state dictionary of the model to save. Will default to self.state_dict(), but can be used to only save parts of the model or if special precautions need to be taken when recovering the state dictionary of a model (like when using model parallelism).
save_function (Callable) — The function to use to save the state dictionary. Useful on distributed training like TPUs when one need to replace torch.save by another method.
push_to_hub (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to push your model to the Hugging Face model hub after saving it.

Using push_to_hub=True will synchronize the repository you are pushing to with save_directory, which requires save_directory to be a local clone of the repo you are pushing to if it’s an existing folder. Pass along temp_dir=True to use a temporary directory instead.

kwargs — Additional key word arguments passed along to the push_to_hub() method.

Save a model and its configuration file to a directory, so that it can be re-loaded using the [from_pretrained()](/docs/transformers/v4.17.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained) class method.

set_input_embeddings

( value: Module )

Parameters

value (nn.Module) — A module mapping vocabulary to hidden states.

Set model’s input embeddings.

tie_weights

( )

Tie the weights between the input embeddings and the output embeddings.

If the torchscript flag is set in the configuration, can’t handle parameter sharing so we are cloning the weights instead.

Model Instantiation dtype

Under Pytorch a model normally gets instantiated with torch.float32 format. This can be an issue if one tries to load a model whose weights are in fp16, since it’d require twice as much memory. To overcome this limitation, you can either explicitly pass the desired dtype using torch_dtype argument:

model = T5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("t5", torch_dtype=torch.float16)

or, if you want the model to always load in the most optimal memory pattern, you can use the special value "auto", and then dtype will be automatically derived from the model’s weights:

model = T5ForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("t5", torch_dtype="auto")

Models instantiated from scratch can also be told which dtype to use with:

config = T5Config.from_pretrained("t5")
model = AutoModel.from_config(config)

Due to Pytorch design, this functionality is only available for floating dtypes.

ModuleUtilsMixin

class transformers.modeling_utils.ModuleUtilsMixin

( )

A few utilities for torch.nn.Modules, to be used as a mixin.

add_memory_hooks

( )

Add a memory hook before and after each sub-module forward pass to record increase in memory consumption.

Increase in memory consumption is stored in a mem_rss_diff attribute for each module and can be reset to zero with model.reset_memory_hooks_state().

estimate_tokens

( input_dict: typing.Dict[str, typing.Union[torch.Tensor, typing.Any]] ) → int

Parameters

inputs (dict) — The model inputs.

Returns

int

The total number of tokens.

Helper function to estimate the total number of tokens from the model inputs.

floating_point_ops

( input_dict: typing.Dict[str, typing.Union[torch.Tensor, typing.Any]] exclude_embeddings: bool = True ) → int

Parameters

batch_size (int) — The batch size for the forward pass.
sequence_length (int) — The number of tokens in each line of the batch.
exclude_embeddings (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether or not to count embedding and softmax operations.

Returns

int

The number of floating-point operations.

Get number of (optionally, non-embeddings) floating-point operations for the forward and backward passes of a batch with this transformer model. Default approximation neglects the quadratic dependency on the number of tokens (valid if 12 * d_model << sequence_length) as laid out in this paper section 2.1. Should be overridden for transformers with parameter re-use e.g. Albert or Universal Transformers, or if doing long-range modeling with very high sequence lengths.

get_extended_attention_mask

( attention_mask: Tensor input_shape: typing.Tuple[int] device: <property object at 0x7f86d9bddcc0> )

Parameters

attention_mask (torch.Tensor) — Mask with ones indicating tokens to attend to, zeros for tokens to ignore.
input_shape (Tuple[int]) — The shape of the input to the model. device — (torch.device): The device of the input to the model.

Makes broadcastable attention and causal masks so that future and masked tokens are ignored.

get_head_mask

( head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] num_hidden_layers: int is_attention_chunked: bool = False )

Parameters

head_mask (torch.Tensor with shape [num_heads] or [num_hidden_layers x num_heads], optional) — The mask indicating if we should keep the heads or not (1.0 for keep, 0.0 for discard).
num_hidden_layers (int) — The number of hidden layers in the model. is_attention_chunked — (bool, optional, defaults to False): Whether or not the attentions scores are computed by chunks or not.

Prepare the head mask if needed.

invert_attention_mask

( encoder_attention_mask: Tensor ) → torch.Tensor

Parameters

encoder_attention_mask (torch.Tensor) — An attention mask.

Returns

torch.Tensor

The inverted attention mask.

Invert an attention mask (e.g., switches 0. and 1.).

num_parameters

( only_trainable: bool = False exclude_embeddings: bool = False ) → int

Parameters

only_trainable (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return only the number of trainable parameters
exclude_embeddings (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return only the number of non-embeddings parameters

Returns

int

The number of parameters.

Get number of (optionally, trainable or non-embeddings) parameters in the module.

reset_memory_hooks_state

( )

Reset the mem_rss_diff attribute of each module (see add_memory_hooks()).

TFPreTrainedModel

class transformers.TFPreTrainedModel

( *args **kwargs )

Base class for all TF models.

TFPreTrainedModel takes care of storing the configuration of the models and handles methods for loading, downloading and saving models as well as a few methods common to all models to:

resize the input embeddings,
prune heads in the self-attention heads.

Class attributes (overridden by derived classes):

config_class (PretrainedConfig) — A subclass of PretrainedConfig to use as configuration class for this model architecture.
base_model_prefix (str) — A string indicating the attribute associated to the base model in derived classes of the same architecture adding modules on top of the base model.
main_input_name (str) — The name of the principal input to the model (often input_ids for NLP models, pixel_values for vision models and input_values for speech models).

push_to_hub

( repo_path_or_name: typing.Optional[str] = None repo_url: typing.Optional[str] = None use_temp_dir: bool = False commit_message: typing.Optional[str] = None organization: typing.Optional[str] = None private: typing.Optional[bool] = None use_auth_token: typing.Union[bool, str, NoneType] = None **model_card_kwargs ) → str

Parameters

repo_path_or_name (str, optional) — Can either be a repository name for your model in the Hub or a path to a local folder (in which case the repository will have the name of that local folder). If not specified, will default to the name given by repo_url and a local directory with that name will be created.
repo_url (str, optional) — Specify this in case you want to push to an existing repository in the hub. If unspecified, a new repository will be created in your namespace (unless you specify an organization) with repo_name.
use_temp_dir (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to clone the distant repo in a temporary directory or in repo_path_or_name inside the current working directory. This will slow things down if you are making changes in an existing repo since you will need to clone the repo before every push.
commit_message (str, optional) — Message to commit while pushing. Will default to "add model".
organization (str, optional) — Organization in which you want to push your model (you must be a member of this organization).
private (bool, optional) — Whether or not the repository created should be private (requires a paying subscription).
use_auth_token (bool or str, optional) — The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If True, will use the token generated when running transformers-cli login (stored in ~/.huggingface). Will default to True if repo_url is not specified.

Returns

str

The url of the commit of your model in the given repository.

Upload the model checkpoint to the 🤗 Model Hub while synchronizing a local clone of the repo in repo_path_or_name.

Examples:

from transformers import TFAutoModel

model = TFAutoModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" with no local clone.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", use_temp_dir=True)

# Push the model to an organization with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", organization="huggingface")

# Make a change to an existing repo that has been cloned locally in *my-finetuned-bert*.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", repo_url="https://huggingface.co/sgugger/my-finetuned-bert")

compile

( optimizer = 'rmsprop' loss = 'passthrough' metrics = None loss_weights = None weighted_metrics = None run_eagerly = None steps_per_execution = None **kwargs )

This is a thin wrapper that sets the model’s loss output head as the loss if the user does not specify a loss function themselves.

from_pretrained

( pretrained_model_name_or_path *model_args **kwargs )

Parameters

pretrained_model_name_or_path (str, optional) — Can be either:
- A string, the model id of a pretrained model hosted inside a model repo on huggingface.co. Valid model ids can be located at the root-level, like bert-base-uncased, or namespaced under a user or organization name, like dbmdz/bert-base-german-cased.
- A path to a directory containing model weights saved using save_pretrained(), e.g., ./my_model_directory/.
- A path or url to a PyTorch state_dict save file (e.g, ./pt_model/pytorch_model.bin). In this case, from_pt should be set to True and a configuration object should be provided as config argument. This loading path is slower than converting the PyTorch model in a TensorFlow model using the provided conversion scripts and loading the TensorFlow model afterwards.
- None if you are both providing the configuration and state dictionary (resp. with keyword arguments config and state_dict).
model_args (sequence of positional arguments, optional) — All remaining positional arguments will be passed to the underlying model’s __init__ method.
config (Union[PretrainedConfig, str], optional) — Can be either:
- an instance of a class derived from PretrainedConfig,
- a string valid as input to from_pretrained().

Instantiate a pretrained TF 2.0 model from a pre-trained model configuration.

The warning Weights from XXX not initialized from pretrained model means that the weights of XXX do not come pretrained with the rest of the model. It is up to you to train those weights with a downstream fine-tuning task.

The warning Weights from XXX not used in YYY means that the layer XXX is not used by YYY, therefore those weights are discarded.

Passing use_auth_token=True is required when you want to use a private model.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import BertConfig, TFBertModel

>>> # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
>>> model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> # Model was saved using *save_pretrained('./test/saved_model/')* (for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained("./test/saved_model/")
>>> # Update configuration during loading.
>>> model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased", output_attentions=True)
>>> assert model.config.output_attentions == True
>>> # Loading from a Pytorch model file instead of a TensorFlow checkpoint (slower, for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> config = BertConfig.from_json_file("./pt_model/my_pt_model_config.json")
>>> model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained("./pt_model/my_pytorch_model.bin", from_pt=True, config=config)

get_bias

( ) → tf.Variable

Returns

tf.Variable

The weights representing the bias, None if not an LM model.

Dict of bias attached to an LM head. The key represents the name of the bias attribute.

get_input_embeddings

( ) → tf.Variable

Returns

tf.Variable

The embeddings layer mapping vocabulary to hidden states.

Returns the model’s input embeddings layer.

get_lm_head

( ) → tf.keras.layers.Layer

Returns

tf.keras.layers.Layer

The LM head layer if the model has one, None if not.

The LM Head layer. This method must be overwritten by all the models that have a lm head.

get_output_embeddings

( ) → tf.Variable

Returns

tf.Variable

The new weights mapping vocabulary to hidden states.

Returns the model’s output embeddings

get_output_layer_with_bias

( ) → tf.keras.layers.Layer

Returns

tf.keras.layers.Layer

The layer that handles the bias, None if not an LM model.

Get the layer that handles a bias attribute in case the model has an LM head with weights tied to the embeddings

get_prefix_bias_name

( ) → str

Returns

str

The _prefix name of the bias.

Get the concatenated _prefix name of the bias from the model name to the parent layer

load_repo_checkpoint

( repo_path_or_name ) → dict

Parameters

repo_path_or_name (str) — Can either be a repository name for your {object} in the Hub or a path to a local folder (in which case the repository will have the name of that local folder).

Returns

dict

A dictionary of extra metadata from the checkpoint, most commonly an “epoch” count.

Loads a saved checkpoint (model weights and optimizer state) from a repo. Returns the current epoch count when the checkpoint was made.

prune_heads

( heads_to_prune )

Parameters

heads_to_prune (Dict[int, List[int]]) — Dictionary with keys being selected layer indices (int) and associated values being the list of heads to prune in said layer (list of int). For instance {1: [0, 2], 2: [2, 3]} will prune heads 0 and 2 on layer 1 and heads 2 and 3 on layer 2.

Prunes heads of the base model.

resize_token_embeddings

( new_num_tokens = None ) → tf.Variable

Parameters

new_num_tokens (int, optional) — The number of new tokens in the embedding matrix. Increasing the size will add newly initialized vectors at the end. Reducing the size will remove vectors from the end. If not provided or None, just returns a pointer to the input tokens tf.Variable module of the model without doing anything.

Returns

tf.Variable

Pointer to the input tokens Embeddings Module of the model.

Resizes input token embeddings matrix of the model if new_num_tokens != config.vocab_size.

Takes care of tying weights embeddings afterwards if the model class has a tie_weights() method.

save_pretrained

( save_directory saved_model = False version = 1 push_to_hub = False **kwargs )

Parameters

save_directory (str) — Directory to which to save. Will be created if it doesn’t exist.
saved_model (bool, optional, defaults to False) — If the model has to be saved in saved model format as well or not.
version (int, optional, defaults to 1) — The version of the saved model. A saved model needs to be versioned in order to be properly loaded by TensorFlow Serving as detailed in the official documentation https://www.tensorflow.org/tfx/serving/serving_basic
push_to_hub (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to push your model to the Hugging Face model hub after saving it.

Using push_to_hub=True will synchronize the repository you are pushing to with save_directory, which requires save_directory to be a local clone of the repo you are pushing to if it’s an existing folder. Pass along temp_dir=True to use a temporary directory instead.

kwargs — Additional key word arguments passed along to the push_to_hub() method.

Save a model and its configuration file to a directory, so that it can be re-loaded using the from_pretrained() class method.

serving

( inputs )

Parameters

inputs (Dict[str, tf.Tensor]) — The input of the saved model as a dictionary of tensors.

Method used for serving the model.

serving_output

( output )

Parameters

output (TFBaseModelOutput) — The output returned by the model.

Prepare the output of the saved model. Each model must implement this function.

set_bias

( value )

Parameters

value (Dict[tf.Variable]) — All the new bias attached to an LM head.

Set all the bias in the LM head.

set_input_embeddings

( value )

Parameters

value (tf.Variable) — The new weights mapping hidden states to vocabulary.

Set model’s input embeddings

set_output_embeddings

( value )

Parameters

value (tf.Variable) — The new weights mapping hidden states to vocabulary.

Set model’s output embeddings

test_step

( data )

A modification of Keras’s default test_step that cleans up the printed metrics when we use a dummy loss.

train_step

( data )

A modification of Keras’s default train_step that cleans up the printed metrics when we use a dummy loss. If a user specifies a loss at model compile time, this function behaves as the original Keras train_step. In this case, it expects the same data as the original function (i.e. (inputs, labels)).

However, when the model is compiled without specifying the loss AND the expected label columns are passed as part of the input dictionary, the loss is computed internally (inside the model class) and is used in the backwards pass. In this case, data is a singleton tuple containing (inputs,).

This is possible under the aforementioned circumstances because our overriden compile function can set an additional loss function that reduces a loss output, and the model will output a loss component (notice the name matching) containing the loss that was used to train the pre-trained model.

TFModelUtilsMixin

class transformers.modeling_tf_utils.TFModelUtilsMixin

( )

A few utilities for tf.keras.Model, to be used as a mixin.

num_parameters

( only_trainable: bool = False ) → int

Parameters

only_trainable (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return only the number of trainable parameters

Returns

int

The number of parameters.

Get the number of (optionally, trainable) parameters in the model.

FlaxPreTrainedModel

class transformers.FlaxPreTrainedModel

( config: PretrainedConfig module: Module input_shape: typing.Tuple = (1, 1) seed: int = 0 dtype: dtype = <class 'jax._src.numpy.lax_numpy.float32'> )

Base class for all models.

FlaxPreTrainedModel takes care of storing the configuration of the models and handles methods for loading, downloading and saving models.

Class attributes (overridden by derived classes):

config_class (PretrainedConfig) — A subclass of PretrainedConfig to use as configuration class for this model architecture.
base_model_prefix (str) — A string indicating the attribute associated to the base model in derived classes of the same architecture adding modules on top of the base model.
main_input_name (str) — The name of the principal input to the model (often input_ids for NLP models, pixel_values for vision models and input_values for speech models).

push_to_hub

( repo_path_or_name: typing.Optional[str] = None repo_url: typing.Optional[str] = None use_temp_dir: bool = False commit_message: typing.Optional[str] = None organization: typing.Optional[str] = None private: typing.Optional[bool] = None use_auth_token: typing.Union[bool, str, NoneType] = None **model_card_kwargs ) → str

Parameters

repo_path_or_name (str, optional) — Can either be a repository name for your model in the Hub or a path to a local folder (in which case the repository will have the name of that local folder). If not specified, will default to the name given by repo_url and a local directory with that name will be created.
repo_url (str, optional) — Specify this in case you want to push to an existing repository in the hub. If unspecified, a new repository will be created in your namespace (unless you specify an organization) with repo_name.
use_temp_dir (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to clone the distant repo in a temporary directory or in repo_path_or_name inside the current working directory. This will slow things down if you are making changes in an existing repo since you will need to clone the repo before every push.
commit_message (str, optional) — Message to commit while pushing. Will default to "add model".
organization (str, optional) — Organization in which you want to push your model (you must be a member of this organization).
private (bool, optional) — Whether or not the repository created should be private (requires a paying subscription).
use_auth_token (bool or str, optional) — The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If True, will use the token generated when running transformers-cli login (stored in ~/.huggingface). Will default to True if repo_url is not specified.

Returns

str

The url of the commit of your model in the given repository.

Upload the model checkpoint to the 🤗 Model Hub while synchronizing a local clone of the repo in repo_path_or_name.

Examples:

from transformers import FlaxAutoModel

model = FlaxAutoModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert")

# Push the model to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" with no local clone.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", use_temp_dir=True)

# Push the model to an organization with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", organization="huggingface")

# Make a change to an existing repo that has been cloned locally in *my-finetuned-bert*.
model.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", repo_url="https://huggingface.co/sgugger/my-finetuned-bert")

from_pretrained

( pretrained_model_name_or_path: typing.Union[str, os.PathLike] dtype: dtype = <class 'jax._src.numpy.lax_numpy.float32'> *model_args **kwargs )

Parameters

pretrained_model_name_or_path (str or os.PathLike) — Can be either:
- A string, the model id of a pretrained model hosted inside a model repo on huggingface.co. Valid model ids can be located at the root-level, like bert-base-uncased, or namespaced under a user or organization name, like dbmdz/bert-base-german-cased.
- A path to a directory containing model weights saved using save_pretrained(), e.g., ./my_model_directory/.
- A path or url to a pt index checkpoint file (e.g, ./tf_model/model.ckpt.index). In this case, from_pt should be set to True.
dtype (jax.numpy.dtype, optional, defaults to jax.numpy.float32) — The data type of the computation. Can be one of jax.numpy.float32, jax.numpy.float16 (on GPUs) and jax.numpy.bfloat16 (on TPUs).

This can be used to enable mixed-precision training or half-precision inference on GPUs or TPUs. If specified all the computation will be performed with the given dtype.

Note that this only specifies the dtype of the computation and does not influence the dtype of model parameters.

If you wish to change the dtype of the model parameters, see to_fp16() and to_bf16().
model_args (sequence of positional arguments, optional) — All remaining positional arguments will be passed to the underlying model’s __init__ method.
config (Union[PretrainedConfig, str, os.PathLike], optional) — Can be either:
- an instance of a class derived from PretrainedConfig,
- a string or path valid as input to from_pretrained().

Instantiate a pretrained flax model from a pre-trained model configuration.

The warning Weights from XXX not initialized from pretrained model means that the weights of XXX do not come pretrained with the rest of the model. It is up to you to train those weights with a downstream fine-tuning task.

The warning Weights from XXX not used in YYY means that the layer XXX is not used by YYY, therefore those weights are discarded.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import BertConfig, FlaxBertModel

>>> # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> # Model was saved using *save_pretrained('./test/saved_model/')* (for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("./test/saved_model/")
>>> # Loading from a PyTorch checkpoint file instead of a PyTorch model (slower, for example purposes, not runnable).
>>> config = BertConfig.from_json_file("./pt_model/config.json")
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("./pt_model/pytorch_model.bin", from_pt=True, config=config)

register_for_auto_class

( auto_class = 'FlaxAutoModel' )

Parameters

auto_class (str or type, optional, defaults to "FlaxAutoModel") — The auto class to register this new model with.

Register this class with a given auto class. This should only be used for custom models as the ones in the library are already mapped with an auto class.

This API is experimental and may have some slight breaking changes in the next releases.

save_pretrained

( save_directory: typing.Union[str, os.PathLike] params = None push_to_hub = False **kwargs )

Parameters

save_directory (str or os.PathLike) — Directory to which to save. Will be created if it doesn’t exist.
push_to_hub (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to push your model to the Hugging Face model hub after saving it.

Using push_to_hub=True will synchronize the repository you are pushing to with save_directory, which requires save_directory to be a local clone of the repo you are pushing to if it’s an existing folder. Pass along temp_dir=True to use a temporary directory instead.

kwargs — Additional key word arguments passed along to the push_to_hub() method.

Save a model and its configuration file to a directory, so that it can be re-loaded using the [from_pretrained()](/docs/transformers/v4.17.0/en/main_classes/model#transformers.FlaxPreTrainedModel.from_pretrained) class method

to_bf16

( params: typing.Union[typing.Dict, flax.core.frozen_dict.FrozenDict] mask: typing.Any = None )

Parameters

params (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree of model parameters.
mask (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree with same structure as the params tree. The leaves should be booleans, True for params you want to cast, and should be False for those you want to skip.

Cast the floating-point params to jax.numpy.bfloat16. This returns a new params tree and does not cast the params in place.

This method can be used on TPU to explicitly convert the model parameters to bfloat16 precision to do full half-precision training or to save weights in bfloat16 for inference in order to save memory and improve speed.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import FlaxBertModel

>>> # load model
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> # By default, the model parameters will be in fp32 precision, to cast these to bfloat16 precision
>>> model.params = model.to_bf16(model.params)
>>> # If you want don't want to cast certain parameters (for example layer norm bias and scale)
>>> # then pass the mask as follows
>>> from flax import traverse_util

>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> flat_params = traverse_util.flatten_dict(model.params)
>>> mask = {
...     path: (path[-2] != ("LayerNorm", "bias") and path[-2:] != ("LayerNorm", "scale"))
...     for path in flat_params
... }
>>> mask = traverse_util.unflatten_dict(mask)
>>> model.params = model.to_bf16(model.params, mask)

to_fp16

( params: typing.Union[typing.Dict, flax.core.frozen_dict.FrozenDict] mask: typing.Any = None )

Parameters

params (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree of model parameters.
mask (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree with same structure as the params tree. The leaves should be booleans, True for params you want to cast, and should be False for those you want to skip

Cast the floating-point parmas to jax.numpy.float16. This returns a new params tree and does not cast the params in place.

This method can be used on GPU to explicitly convert the model parameters to float16 precision to do full half-precision training or to save weights in float16 for inference in order to save memory and improve speed.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import FlaxBertModel

>>> # load model
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> # By default, the model params will be in fp32, to cast these to float16
>>> model.params = model.to_fp16(model.params)
>>> # If you want don't want to cast certain parameters (for example layer norm bias and scale)
>>> # then pass the mask as follows
>>> from flax import traverse_util

>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> flat_params = traverse_util.flatten_dict(model.params)
>>> mask = {
...     path: (path[-2] != ("LayerNorm", "bias") and path[-2:] != ("LayerNorm", "scale"))
...     for path in flat_params
... }
>>> mask = traverse_util.unflatten_dict(mask)
>>> model.params = model.to_fp16(model.params, mask)

to_fp32

( params: typing.Union[typing.Dict, flax.core.frozen_dict.FrozenDict] mask: typing.Any = None )

Parameters

params (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree of model parameters.
mask (Union[Dict, FrozenDict]) — A PyTree with same structure as the params tree. The leaves should be booleans, True for params you want to cast, and should be False for those you want to skip

Cast the floating-point parmas to jax.numpy.float32. This method can be used to explicitly convert the model parameters to fp32 precision. This returns a new params tree and does not cast the params in place.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import FlaxBertModel

>>> # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co
>>> model = FlaxBertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")
>>> # By default, the model params will be in fp32, to illustrate the use of this method,
>>> # we'll first cast to fp16 and back to fp32
>>> model.params = model.to_f16(model.params)
>>> # now cast back to fp32
>>> model.params = model.to_fp32(model.params)

Generation

class transformers.generation_utils.GenerationMixin

( )

A class containing all of the functions supporting generation, to be used as a mixin in PreTrainedModel.

adjust_logits_during_generation

( logits: FloatTensor **kwargs )

Implement in subclasses of PreTrainedModel for custom behavior to adjust the logits in the generate method.

beam_sample

( input_ids: LongTensor beam_scorer: BeamScorer logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None logits_warper: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
beam_scorer (BeamScorer) — A derived instance of BeamScorer that defines how beam hypotheses are constructed, stored and sorted during generation. For more information, the documentation of BeamScorer should be read.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
logits_warper (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsWarper used to warp the prediction score distribution of the language modeling head applied before multinomial sampling at each generation step.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using beam search with multinomial sampling.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     TopKLogitsWarper,
...     TemperatureLogitsWarper,
...     BeamSearchScorer,
... )
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-base")

>>> encoder_input_str = "translate English to German: How old are you?"
>>> encoder_input_ids = tokenizer(encoder_input_str, return_tensors="pt").input_ids

>>> # lets run beam search using 3 beams
>>> num_beams = 3
>>> # define decoder start token ids
>>> input_ids = torch.ones((num_beams, 1), device=model.device, dtype=torch.long)
>>> input_ids = input_ids * model.config.decoder_start_token_id

>>> # add encoder_outputs to model keyword arguments
>>> model_kwargs = {
...     "encoder_outputs": model.get_encoder()(
...         encoder_input_ids.repeat_interleave(num_beams, dim=0), return_dict=True
...     )
... }

>>> # instantiate beam scorer
>>> beam_scorer = BeamSearchScorer(
...     batch_size=1,
...     max_length=model.config.max_length,
...     num_beams=num_beams,
...     device=model.device,
... )

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [MinLengthLogitsProcessor(5, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id)]
... )
>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_warper = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         TopKLogitsWarper(50),
...         TemperatureLogitsWarper(0.7),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.beam_sample(
...     input_ids, beam_scorer, logits_processor=logits_processor, logits_warper=logits_warper, **model_kwargs
... )

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

beam_search

( input_ids: LongTensor beam_scorer: BeamScorer logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
beam_scorer (BeamScorer) — An derived instance of BeamScorer that defines how beam hypotheses are constructed, stored and sorted during generation. For more information, the documentation of BeamScorer should be read.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using beam search decoding.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     BeamSearchScorer,
... )
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-base")

>>> encoder_input_str = "translate English to German: How old are you?"
>>> encoder_input_ids = tokenizer(encoder_input_str, return_tensors="pt").input_ids


>>> # lets run beam search using 3 beams
>>> num_beams = 3
>>> # define decoder start token ids
>>> input_ids = torch.ones((num_beams, 1), device=model.device, dtype=torch.long)
>>> input_ids = input_ids * model.config.decoder_start_token_id

>>> # add encoder_outputs to model keyword arguments
>>> model_kwargs = {
...     "encoder_outputs": model.get_encoder()(
...         encoder_input_ids.repeat_interleave(num_beams, dim=0), return_dict=True
...     )
... }

>>> # instantiate beam scorer
>>> beam_scorer = BeamSearchScorer(
...     batch_size=1,
...     num_beams=num_beams,
...     device=model.device,
... )

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         MinLengthLogitsProcessor(5, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.beam_search(input_ids, beam_scorer, logits_processor=logits_processor, **model_kwargs)

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

compute_transition_beam_scores

( sequences: Tensor scores: typing.Tuple[torch.Tensor] beam_indices: Tensor eos_token_id: int = None )

compute the transition probabilities of sequences given generation scores and beam indices

constrained_beam_search

( input_ids: LongTensor constrained_beam_scorer: ConstrainedBeamSearchScorer logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = None **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
constrained_beam_scorer (ConstrainedBeamSearchScorer) — A derived instance of BeamScorer that defines how beam hypotheses are constructed, stored and sorted during generation, while satisfying a list of positive constraints. For more information, the documentation of ConstrainedBeamSearchScorer should be read.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
logits_warper (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsWarper used to warp the prediction score distribution of the language modeling head applied before multinomial sampling at each generation step.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using beam search decoding.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     ConstrainedBeamSearchScorer,
...     PhrasalConstraint,
... )
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-base")

>>> encoder_input_str = "translate English to German: How old are you?"
>>> encoder_input_ids = tokenizer(encoder_input_str, return_tensors="pt").input_ids


>>> # lets run beam search using 3 beams
>>> num_beams = 3
>>> # define decoder start token ids
>>> input_ids = torch.ones((num_beams, 1), device=model.device, dtype=torch.long)
>>> input_ids = input_ids * model.config.decoder_start_token_id

>>> # add encoder_outputs to model keyword arguments
>>> model_kwargs = {
...     "encoder_outputs": model.get_encoder()(
...         encoder_input_ids.repeat_interleave(num_beams, dim=0), return_dict=True
...     )
... }

>>> constraint_str = "sind"
>>> constraint_token_ids = tokenizer.encode(constraint_str)[:-1]  # slice to remove eos token
>>> constraints = [PhrasalConstraint(token_ids=constraint_token_ids)]


>>> # instantiate beam scorer
>>> beam_scorer = ConstrainedBeamSearchScorer(
...     batch_size=1, num_beams=num_beams, device=model.device, constraints=constraints
... )

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         MinLengthLogitsProcessor(5, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.constrained_beam_search(
...     input_ids, beam_scorer, constraints=constraints, logits_processor=logits_processor, **model_kwargs
... )

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))
# => ['Wie alter sind Sie?']

generate

( inputs: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None min_length: typing.Optional[int] = None do_sample: typing.Optional[bool] = None early_stopping: typing.Optional[bool] = None num_beams: typing.Optional[int] = None temperature: typing.Optional[float] = None top_k: typing.Optional[int] = None top_p: typing.Optional[float] = None typical_p: typing.Optional[float] = None repetition_penalty: typing.Optional[float] = None bad_words_ids: typing.Optional[typing.Iterable[int]] = None bos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None length_penalty: typing.Optional[float] = None no_repeat_ngram_size: typing.Optional[int] = None encoder_no_repeat_ngram_size: typing.Optional[int] = None num_return_sequences: typing.Optional[int] = None max_time: typing.Optional[float] = None max_new_tokens: typing.Optional[int] = None decoder_start_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None num_beam_groups: typing.Optional[int] = None diversity_penalty: typing.Optional[float] = None prefix_allowed_tokens_fn: typing.Union[typing.Callable[[int, torch.Tensor], typing.List[int]], NoneType] = None logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = [] stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = [] constraints: typing.Optional[typing.List[transformers.generation_beam_constraints.Constraint]] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None forced_bos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None forced_eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None remove_invalid_values: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs ) → ModelOutput or torch.LongTensor

Parameters

inputs (torch.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), `(batch_size, sequence_length, —
feature_dim)` or (batch_size, num_channels, height, width), optional) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation or as model inputs to the encoder. If None the method initializes it with bos_token_id and a batch size of 1. For decoder-only models inputs should of in the format of input_ids. For encoder-decoder models inputs can represent any of input_ids, input_values, input_features, or pixel_values.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to model.config.max_length) — The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
max_new_tokens (int, optional, defaults to None) — The maximum numbers of tokens to generate, ignore the current number of tokens. Use either max_new_tokens or max_length but not both, they serve the same purpose.
min_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) — The minimum length of the sequence to be generated.
do_sample (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to use sampling ; use greedy decoding otherwise.
early_stopping (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to stop the beam search when at least num_beams sentences are finished per batch or not.
num_beams (int, optional, defaults to 1) — Number of beams for beam search. 1 means no beam search.
temperature (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — The value used to module the next token probabilities.
top_k (int, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of highest probability vocabulary tokens to keep for top-k-filtering.
top_p (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — If set to float < 1, only the most probable tokens with probabilities that add up to top_p or higher are kept for generation.
repetition_penalty (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — The parameter for repetition penalty. 1.0 means no penalty. See this paper for more details.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
bos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the beginning-of-sequence token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
length_penalty (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — Exponential penalty to the length. 1.0 means no penalty. Set to values < 1.0 in order to encourage the model to generate shorter sequences, to a value > 1.0 in order to encourage the model to produce longer sequences.
no_repeat_ngram_size (int, optional, defaults to 0) — If set to int > 0, all ngrams of that size can only occur once.
encoder_no_repeat_ngram_size (int, optional, defaults to 0) — If set to int > 0, all ngrams of that size that occur in the encoder_input_ids cannot occur in the decoder_input_ids.
bad_words_ids(List[List[int]], optional) — List of token ids that are not allowed to be generated. In order to get the token ids of the words that should not appear in the generated text, use tokenizer(bad_words, add_prefix_space=True, add_special_tokens=False).input_ids.
num_return_sequences(int, optional, defaults to 1) — The number of independently computed returned sequences for each element in the batch.
max_time(float, optional, defaults to None) — The maximum amount of time you allow the computation to run for in seconds. generation will still finish the current pass after allocated time has been passed.
attention_mask (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) — Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values are in [0, 1], 1 for tokens that are not masked, and 0 for masked tokens. If not provided, will default to a tensor the same shape as input_ids that masks the pad token. What are attention masks?
decoder_start_token_id (int, optional) — If an encoder-decoder model starts decoding with a different token than bos, the id of that token. use_cache — (bool, optional, defaults to True): Whether or not the model should use the past last key/values attentions (if applicable to the model) to speed up decoding.
num_beam_groups (int, optional, defaults to 1) — Number of groups to divide num_beams into in order to ensure diversity among different groups of beams. this paper for more details.
diversity_penalty (float, optional, defaults to 0.0) — This value is subtracted from a beam’s score if it generates a token same as any beam from other group at a particular time. Note that diversity_penalty is only effective if group beam search is enabled. prefix_allowed_tokens_fn — (Callable[[int, torch.Tensor], List[int]], optional): If provided, this function constraints the beam search to allowed tokens only at each step. If not provided no constraint is applied. This function takes 2 arguments: the batch ID batch_id and input_ids. It has to return a list with the allowed tokens for the next generation step conditioned on the batch ID batch_id and the previously generated tokens inputs_ids. This argument is useful for constrained generation conditioned on the prefix, as described in Autoregressive Entity Retrieval.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — Custom logits processors that complement the default logits processors built from arguments and a model’s config. If a logit processor is passed that is already created with the arguments or a model’s config an error is thrown. This feature is intended for advanced users.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — Custom stopping criteria that complement the default stopping criteria built from arguments and a model’s config. If a stopping criteria is passed that is already created with the arguments or a model’s config an error is thrown. This feature is intended for advanced users.
constraints (List[Constraint], optional) — Custom constraints that can be added to the generation to ensure that the output will contain the use of certain tokens as defined by Constraint objects, in the most sensible way possible.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
forced_bos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the token to force as the first generated token after the decoder_start_token_id. Useful for multilingual models like mBART where the first generated token needs to be the target language token.
forced_eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the token to force as the last generated token when max_length is reached.
remove_invalid_values (bool, optional) — Whether to remove possible nan and inf outputs of the model to prevent the generation method to crash. Note that using remove_invalid_values can slow down generation.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until maxlength (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If the model is an encoder-decoder model, encoder specific kwargs should not be prefixed and decoder specific kwargs should be prefixed with *decoder*.

Returns

ModelOutput or torch.LongTensor

A ModelOutput (if return_dict_in_generate=True or when config.return_dict_in_generate=True) or a torch.FloatTensor.

If the model is not an encoder-decoder model (model.config.is_encoder_decoder=False), the possible ModelOutput types are:

If the model is an encoder-decoder model (model.config.is_encoder_decoder=True), the possible ModelOutput types are:

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head. The method currently supports greedy decoding, multinomial sampling, beam-search decoding, and beam-search multinomial sampling.

Apart from inputs, all the arguments below will default to the value of the attribute of the same name inside the PretrainedConfig of the model. The default values indicated are the default values of those config.

Most of these parameters are explained in more detail in this blog post.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> # do greedy decoding without providing a prompt
>>> outputs = model.generate(max_length=40)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> document = (
...     "at least two people were killed in a suspected bomb attack on a passenger bus "
...     "in the strife-torn southern philippines on monday , the military said."
... )
>>> # encode input context
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(document, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
>>> # generate 3 independent sequences using beam search decoding (5 beams)
>>> # with T5 encoder-decoder model conditioned on short news article.
>>> outputs = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, num_beams=5, num_return_sequences=3)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> input_context = "The dog"
>>> # encode input context
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_context, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
>>> # generate 3 candidates using sampling
>>> outputs = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, max_length=20, num_return_sequences=3, do_sample=True)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("ctrl")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("ctrl")
>>> # "Legal" is one of the control codes for ctrl
>>> input_context = "Legal My neighbor is"
>>> # encode input context
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_context, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
>>> outputs = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, max_length=20, repetition_penalty=1.2)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2", use_fast=False)
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")
>>> input_context = "My cute dog"
>>> # get tokens of words that should not be generated
>>> bad_words_ids = tokenizer(
...     ["idiot", "stupid", "shut up"], add_prefix_space=True, add_special_tokens=False
>>> ).input_ids
>>> # encode input context
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_context, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
>>> # generate sequences without allowing bad_words to be generated
>>> outputs = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, max_length=20, do_sample=True, bad_words_ids=bad_words_ids)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

greedy_search

( input_ids: LongTensor logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific keyword arguments will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using greedy decoding.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForCausalLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
... )

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")

>>> # set pad_token_id to eos_token_id because GPT2 does not have a EOS token
>>> model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

>>> input_prompt = "Today is a beautiful day, and"
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_prompt, return_tensors="pt").input_ids

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         MinLengthLogitsProcessor(15, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.greedy_search(input_ids, logits_processor=logits_processor)

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

group_beam_search

( input_ids: LongTensor beam_scorer: BeamScorer logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
beam_scorer (BeamScorer) — An derived instance of BeamScorer that defines how beam hypotheses are constructed, stored and sorted during generation. For more information, the documentation of BeamScorer should be read.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3)

model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs that will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using beam search decoding.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     HammingDiversityLogitsProcessor,
...     BeamSearchScorer,
... )
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("t5-base")
>>> model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("t5-base")

>>> encoder_input_str = "translate English to German: How old are you?"
>>> encoder_input_ids = tokenizer(encoder_input_str, return_tensors="pt").input_ids


>>> # lets run diverse beam search using 6 beams
>>> num_beams = 6
>>> # define decoder start token ids
>>> input_ids = torch.ones((num_beams, 1), device=model.device, dtype=torch.long)
>>> input_ids = input_ids * model.config.decoder_start_token_id

>>> # add encoder_outputs to model keyword arguments
>>> model_kwargs = {
...     "encoder_outputs": model.get_encoder()(
...         encoder_input_ids.repeat_interleave(num_beams, dim=0), return_dict=True
...     )
... }

>>> # instantiate beam scorer
>>> beam_scorer = BeamSearchScorer(
...     batch_size=1,
...     max_length=model.config.max_length,
...     num_beams=num_beams,
...     device=model.device,
...     num_beam_groups=3,
... )

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         HammingDiversityLogitsProcessor(5.5, num_beams=6, num_beam_groups=3),
...         MinLengthLogitsProcessor(5, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.group_beam_search(
...     input_ids, beam_scorer, logits_processor=logits_processor, **model_kwargs
... )

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

prepare_inputs_for_generation

( input_ids: LongTensor **kwargs )

Implement in subclasses of PreTrainedModel for custom behavior to prepare inputs in the generate method.

sample

( input_ids: LongTensor logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None stopping_criteria: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_stopping_criteria.StoppingCriteriaList] = None logits_warper: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_logits_process.LogitsProcessorList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None synced_gpus: typing.Optional[bool] = False **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
logits_processor (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
stopping_criteria (StoppingCriteriaList, optional) — An instance of StoppingCriteriaList. List of instances of class derived from StoppingCriteria used to tell if the generation loop should stop.
logits_warper (LogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from LogitsWarper used to warp the prediction score distribution of the language modeling head applied before multinomial sampling at each generation step.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — DEPRECATED. Use logits_processor or stopping_criteria directly to cap the number of generated tokens. The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
synced_gpus (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to continue running the while loop until max_length (needed for ZeRO stage 3) model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using multinomial sampling.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     AutoModelForCausalLM,
...     LogitsProcessorList,
...     MinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     TopKLogitsWarper,
...     TemperatureLogitsWarper,
... )

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")
>>> model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")

>>> # set pad_token_id to eos_token_id because GPT2 does not have a EOS token
>>> model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

>>> input_prompt = "Today is a beautiful day, and"
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_prompt, return_tensors="pt").input_ids

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         MinLengthLogitsProcessor(15, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )
>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_warper = LogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         TopKLogitsWarper(50),
...         TemperatureLogitsWarper(0.7),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.sample(input_ids, logits_processor=logits_processor, logits_warper=logits_warper)

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

class transformers.generation_tf_utils.TFGenerationMixin

( )

A class containing all of the functions supporting generation, to be used as a mixin in TFPreTrainedModel.

adjust_logits_during_generation

( logits cur_len max_length forced_bos_token_id forced_eos_token_id **kwargs )

Implement in subclasses of PreTrainedModel for custom behavior to adjust the logits in the generate method.

generate

( input_ids = None max_length = None min_length = None do_sample = None early_stopping = None num_beams = None temperature = None top_k = None top_p = None repetition_penalty = None bad_words_ids = None bos_token_id = None pad_token_id = None eos_token_id = None length_penalty = None no_repeat_ngram_size = None num_return_sequences = None attention_mask = None decoder_start_token_id = None use_cache = None output_scores = None output_attentions = None output_hidden_states = None return_dict_in_generate = None forced_bos_token_id = None forced_eos_token_id = None **model_kwargs ) → ModelOutput or tf.Tensor

Parameters

input_ids (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), `(batch_size, sequence_length, —
feature_dim)` or (batch_size, num_channels, height, width), optional) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation or as model inputs to the encoder. If None the method initializes it with bos_token_id and a batch size of 1. For decoder-only models inputs should of in the format of input_ids. For encoder-decoder models inputs can represent any of input_ids, input_values, input_features, or pixel_values.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
min_length (int, optional, defaults to 10) — The minimum length of the sequence to be generated.
do_sample (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to use sampling ; use greedy decoding otherwise.
early_stopping (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether to stop the beam search when at least num_beams sentences are finished per batch or not.
num_beams (int, optional, defaults to 1) — Number of beams for beam search. 1 means no beam search.
temperature (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — The value used to module the next token probabilities.
top_k (int, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of highest probability vocabulary tokens to keep for top-k-filtering.
top_p (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — If set to float < 1, only the most probable tokens with probabilities that add up to top_p or higher are kept for generation.
repetition_penalty (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — The parameter for repetition penalty. 1.0 means no penalty. See this paper for more details.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
bos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the beginning-of-sequence token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
length_penalty (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — Exponential penalty to the length. 1.0 means no penalty.

Set to values < 1.0 in order to encourage the model to generate shorter sequences, to a value > 1.0 in order to encourage the model to produce longer sequences.
no_repeat_ngram_size (int, optional, defaults to 0) — If set to int > 0, all ngrams of that size can only occur once.
bad_words_ids(List[int], optional) — List of token ids that are not allowed to be generated. In order to get the tokens of the words that should not appear in the generated text, use tokenizer.encode(bad_word, add_prefix_space=True).
num_return_sequences(int, optional, defaults to 1) — The number of independently computed returned sequences for each element in the batch.
attention_mask (tf.Tensor of dtype=tf.int32 and shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) — Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values are in [0, 1], 1 for tokens that are not masked, and 0 for masked tokens.

If not provided, will default to a tensor the same shape as input_ids that masks the pad token.

What are attention masks?
decoder_start_token_id (int, optional) — If an encoder-decoder model starts decoding with a different token than bos, the id of that token. use_cache — (bool, optional, defaults to True): Whether or not the model should use the past last key/values attentions (if applicable to the model) to speed up decoding.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
forced_bos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the token to force as the first generated token after the decoder_start_token_id. Useful for multilingual models like mBART where the first generated token needs to be the target language token.
forced_eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the token to force as the last generated token when max_length is reached. model_specific_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model.

Returns

ModelOutput or tf.Tensor

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head. The method currently supports greedy decoding, beam-search decoding, sampling with temperature, sampling with top-k or nucleus sampling.

Adapted in part from Facebook’s XLM beam search code.

Apart from input_ids and attention_mask, all the arguments below will default to the value of the attribute of the same name inside the PretrainedConfig of the model. The default values indicated are the default values of those config.

Most of these parameters are explained in more detail in this blog post.

Examples:

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")  # Initialize tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelWithLMHead.from_pretrained(
    "distilgpt2"
)  # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
outputs = model.generate(max_length=40)  # do greedy decoding
print(f"Generated: {tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)}")

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")  # Initialize tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelWithLMHead.from_pretrained(
    "openai-gpt"
)  # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
input_context = "The dog"
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(input_context, return_tensors="tf")  # encode input context
outputs = model.generate(
    input_ids=input_ids, num_beams=5, num_return_sequences=3, temperature=1.5
)  # generate 3 independent sequences using beam search decoding (5 beams) with sampling from initial context 'The dog'
for i in range(3):  #  3 output sequences were generated
    print(f"Generated {i}: {tokenizer.decode(outputs[i], skip_special_tokens=True)}")

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")  # Initialize tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelWithLMHead.from_pretrained(
    "distilgpt2"
)  # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
input_context = "The dog"
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(input_context, return_tensors="tf")  # encode input context
outputs = model.generate(
    input_ids=input_ids, max_length=40, temperature=0.7, num_return_sequences=3, do_sample=True
)  # generate 3 candidates using sampling
for i in range(3):  #  3 output sequences were generated
    print(f"Generated {i}: {tokenizer.decode(outputs[i], skip_special_tokens=True)}")

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("ctrl")  # Initialize tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelWithLMHead.from_pretrained(
    "ctrl"
)  # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
input_context = "Legal My neighbor is"  # "Legal" is one of the control codes for ctrl
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(input_context, return_tensors="tf")  # encode input context
outputs = model.generate(
    input_ids=input_ids, max_length=50, temperature=0.7, repetition_penalty=1.2
)  # generate sequences
print(f"Generated: {tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)}")

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")  # Initialize tokenizer
model = TFAutoModelWithLMHead.from_pretrained(
    "gpt2"
)  # Download model and configuration from huggingface.co and cache.
input_context = "My cute dog"
bad_words_ids = [
    tokenizer.encode(bad_word, add_prefix_space=True) for bad_word in ["idiot", "stupid", "shut up"]
]
input_ids = tokenizer.encode(input_context, return_tensors="tf")  # encode input context
outputs = model.generate(
    input_ids=input_ids, max_length=100, do_sample=True, bad_words_ids=bad_words_ids
)  # generate sequences without allowing bad_words to be generated

greedy_search

( input_ids: Tensor max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_tf_logits_process.TFLogitsProcessorList] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
logits_processor (TFLogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of TFLogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from TFLogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. model_kwargs — Additional model specific keyword arguments will be forwarded to the call function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using greedy decoding.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     TFAutoModelForCausalLM,
...     TFLogitsProcessorList,
...     TFMinLengthLogitsProcessor,
... )

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")
>>> model = TFAutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")

>>> # set pad_token_id to eos_token_id because GPT2 does not have a EOS token
>>> model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

>>> input_prompt = "Today is a beautiful day, and"
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_prompt, return_tensors="tf").input_ids

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = TFLogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         TFMinLengthLogitsProcessor(15, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.greedy_search(input_ids, logits_processor=logits_processor)

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

prepare_inputs_for_generation

( inputs **kwargs )

Implement in subclasses of TFPreTrainedModel for custom behavior to prepare inputs in the generate method.

sample

( input_ids: Tensor logits_processor: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_tf_logits_process.TFLogitsProcessorList] = None logits_warper: typing.Optional[transformers.generation_tf_logits_process.TFLogitsProcessorList] = None max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_scores: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict_in_generate: typing.Optional[bool] = None **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
logits_processor (TFLogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of LogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from TFLogitsProcessor used to modify the prediction scores of the language modeling head applied at each generation step.
logits_warper (TFLogitsProcessorList, optional) — An instance of TFLogitsProcessorList. List of instances of class derived from TFLogitsWarper used to warp the prediction score distribution of the language modeling head applied before multinomial sampling at each generation step.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
output_attentions (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned tensors for more details.
output_hidden_states (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for more details.
output_scores (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return the prediction scores. See scores under returned tensors for more details.
return_dict_in_generate (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. model_kwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the call function of the model. If model is an encoder-decoder model the kwargs should include encoder_outputs.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head using multinomial sampling.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import (
...     AutoTokenizer,
...     TFAutoModelForCausalLM,
...     TFLogitsProcessorList,
...     TFMinLengthLogitsProcessor,
...     TFTopKLogitsWarper,
...     TFTemperatureLogitsWarper,
... )

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("gpt2")
>>> model = TFAutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("gpt2")

>>> # set pad_token_id to eos_token_id because GPT2 does not have a EOS token
>>> model.config.pad_token_id = model.config.eos_token_id

>>> input_prompt = "Today is a beautiful day, and"
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_prompt, return_tensors="tf").input_ids

>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_processor = TFLogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         TFMinLengthLogitsProcessor(15, eos_token_id=model.config.eos_token_id),
...     ]
... )
>>> # instantiate logits processors
>>> logits_warper = TFLogitsProcessorList(
...     [
...         TFTopKLogitsWarper(50),
...         TFTemperatureLogitsWarper(0.7),
...     ]
... )

>>> outputs = model.sample(input_ids, logits_processor=logits_processor, logits_warper=logits_warper)

>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

class transformers.generation_flax_utils.FlaxGenerationMixin

( )

A class containing all of the functions supporting generation, to be used as a mixin in FlaxPreTrainedModel.

generate

( input_ids: ndarray max_length: typing.Optional[int] = None pad_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None bos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None decoder_start_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None do_sample: typing.Optional[bool] = None prng_key: typing.Optional[jax._src.numpy.lax_numpy.ndarray] = None top_k: typing.Optional[int] = None top_p: typing.Optional[float] = None temperature: typing.Optional[float] = None num_beams: typing.Optional[int] = None no_repeat_ngram_size: typing.Optional[int] = None min_length: typing.Optional[int] = None forced_bos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None forced_eos_token_id: typing.Optional[int] = None length_penalty: typing.Optional[float] = None early_stopping: typing.Optional[bool] = None trace: bool = True params: typing.Union[typing.Dict[str, jax._src.numpy.lax_numpy.ndarray], NoneType] = None **model_kwargs )

Parameters

input_ids (jnp.ndarray of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) — The sequence used as a prompt for the generation.
max_length (int, optional, defaults to 20) — The maximum length of the sequence to be generated.
do_sample (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to use sampling ; use greedy decoding otherwise.
temperature (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — The value used to module the next token probabilities.
top_k (int, optional, defaults to 50) — The number of highest probability vocabulary tokens to keep for top-k-filtering.
top_p (float, optional, defaults to 1.0) — If set to float < 1, only the most probable tokens with probabilities that add up to top_p or higher are kept for generation.
pad_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the padding token.
bos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the beginning-of-sequence token.
eos_token_id (int, optional) — The id of the end-of-sequence token.
num_beams (int, optional, defaults to 1) — Number of beams for beam search. 1 means no beam search.
decoder_start_token_id (int, optional) — If an encoder-decoder model starts decoding with a different token than bos, the id of that token.
trace (bool, optional, defaults to True) — Whether to trace generation. Setting trace=False should only be used for debugging and will lead to a considerably slower runtime.
params (Dict[str, jnp.ndarray], optional) — Optionally the model parameters can be passed. Can be useful for parallelized generation. modelkwargs — Additional model specific kwargs will be forwarded to the forward function of the model. If the model is an encoder-decoder model, encoder specific kwargs should not be prefixed and decoder specific kwargs should be prefixed with *decoder*. Also accepts encoder_outputs to skip encoder part.

Generates sequences for models with a language modeling head. The method currently supports greedy decoding, and, multinomial sampling.

Apart from input_ids, all the arguments below will default to the value of the attribute of the same name inside the PretrainedConfig of the model. The default values indicated are the default values of those config.

Most of these parameters are explained in more detail in this blog post.

Examples:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, FlaxAutoModelForCausalLM

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> model = FlaxAutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("distilgpt2")
>>> input_context = "The dog"
>>> # encode input context
>>> input_ids = tokenizer(input_context, return_tensors="np").input_ids
>>> # generate candidates using sampling
>>> outputs = model.generate(input_ids=input_ids, max_length=20, top_k=30, do_sample=True)
>>> print("Generated:", tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs, skip_special_tokens=True))

Pushing to the Hub

class transformers.file_utils.PushToHubMixin

( )

A Mixin containing the functionality to push a model or tokenizer to the hub.

push_to_hub

( repo_path_or_name: typing.Optional[str] = None repo_url: typing.Optional[str] = None use_temp_dir: bool = False commit_message: typing.Optional[str] = None organization: typing.Optional[str] = None private: typing.Optional[bool] = None use_auth_token: typing.Union[bool, str, NoneType] = None **model_card_kwargs ) → str

Parameters

repo_path_or_name (str, optional) — Can either be a repository name for your {object} in the Hub or a path to a local folder (in which case the repository will have the name of that local folder). If not specified, will default to the name given by repo_url and a local directory with that name will be created.
repo_url (str, optional) — Specify this in case you want to push to an existing repository in the hub. If unspecified, a new repository will be created in your namespace (unless you specify an organization) with repo_name.
use_temp_dir (bool, optional, defaults to False) — Whether or not to clone the distant repo in a temporary directory or in repo_path_or_name inside the current working directory. This will slow things down if you are making changes in an existing repo since you will need to clone the repo before every push.
commit_message (str, optional) — Message to commit while pushing. Will default to "add {object}".
organization (str, optional) — Organization in which you want to push your {object} (you must be a member of this organization).
private (bool, optional) — Whether or not the repository created should be private (requires a paying subscription).
use_auth_token (bool or str, optional) — The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If True, will use the token generated when running transformers-cli login (stored in ~/.huggingface). Will default to True if repo_url is not specified.

Returns

str

The url of the commit of your {object} in the given repository.

Upload the {object_files} to the 🤗 Model Hub while synchronizing a local clone of the repo in repo_path_or_name.

Examples:

from transformers import {object_class}

{object} = {object_class}.from_pretrained("bert-base-cased")

# Push the {object} to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
{object}.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert")

# Push the {object} to your namespace with the name "my-finetuned-bert" with no local clone.
{object}.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", use_temp_dir=True)

# Push the {object} to an organization with the name "my-finetuned-bert" and have a local clone in the
# *my-finetuned-bert* folder.
{object}.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", organization="huggingface")

# Make a change to an existing repo that has been cloned locally in *my-finetuned-bert*.
{object}.push_to_hub("my-finetuned-bert", repo_url="https://huggingface.co/sgugger/my-finetuned-bert")

←Logging ONNX→