Datasets:

textkit-learn
/

wiktionary-v0.5

sense_id int64 0 1.62M ⌀	gloss stringlengths 1 1.57k ⌀
0	A reference work listing words or names from one or more languages, usually ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings or senses, oftentimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation, usage, semantic relations, translations, as well as other relevant information.
1	A reference work on a particular subject or activity in which the entries are arranged alphabetically; an alphabetical encyclopedia.
2	A person or thing regarded as a repository or compendium of information.
3	The collection of words used or understood by a particular person; vocabulary.
4	A synchronic dictionary of a standardised language held to only contain words that are properly part of the language.
5	An associative array, or a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (noun sense 1).
6	To look up in a dictionary.
7	To add to a dictionary.
8	To compile a dictionary.
9	Unconstrained.
10	Unconstrained. Not imprisoned or enslaved.
11	Unconstrained. Generous; liberal.
12	Unconstrained. Clear of offence or crime; guiltless; innocent.
13	Unconstrained. Without obligations.
14	Unconstrained. To be enjoyed by anyone freely.
15	Unconstrained. Upholding individual rights.
16	Unconstrained. With no or only freedom-preserving limitations on distribution or modification.
17	Unconstrained. Intended for release, and omitting debugging diagnostics, as opposed to a checked version.
18	Obtainable without any payment.
19	Obtainable without any payment. Complimentary.
20	Unconstrained. In any of various technical senses generic, universal. Left adjoint to a forgetful functor G; such that any map f:X→G(A) induces a universal map ̄f:F(X)→A.
21	Unconstrained. In any of various technical senses generic, universal. Belonging to the image of some free functor.
22	Unconstrained. In any of various technical senses generic, universal. Having a set of generators which satisfy no non-trivial relations; equivalently, being the group of reduced words on a set of generators.
23	Unconstrained. In any of various technical senses generic, universal. Having a linearly independent set of generators (called a basis).
24	Unconstrained. Unconstrained by quantifiers.
25	Unconstrained. Unconstrained of identifiers, not bound.
26	Unconstrained. (of a morpheme) That can be used by itself, unattached to another morpheme.
27	Unconstrained. Unobstructed, without blockages.
28	Unconstrained. Unattached or uncombined.
29	Unconstrained. Not currently in use; not taken; unoccupied.
30	Unconstrained. Not attached; loose.
31	Unconstrained. Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
32	Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
33	Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.
34	Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
35	Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.
36	Privileged or individual; proprietary.
37	Having oversteer.
38	Without needing to pay.
39	Freely; willingly.
40	To make free; set at liberty; release.
41	To rid of something that confines or oppresses.
42	To relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system.
43	Abbreviation of free kick.
44	A free transfer.
45	The usual means of restarting play after a foul is committed, where the non-offending team restarts from where the foul was committed.
46	Abbreviation of freestyle.
47	Pronunciation spelling of three
48	A publication that provides synonyms (and sometimes antonyms and other semantic relations) for the words of a given language.
49	A dictionary or encyclopedia.
50	A hierarchy of subject headings: canonical titles of themes and topics, the titles serving as search keys.
51	A comprehensive reference work (often spanning several printed volumes) with articles (usually arranged in alphabetical order, or sometimes arranged by category) on a range of subjects, sometimes general, sometimes limited to a particular field.
52	Similarly comprehensive works in other formats.
53	The circle of arts and sciences (see Etymology); a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch thereof.
54	A large travelling case usually made of leather, and opening into two equal sections.
55	A word formed by putting two words together and thereby their meaning.
56	A portmanteau film.
57	A schoolbag.
58	A hook on which to hang clothing.
59	Made by combining two (or more) words, stories, etc., in the manner of a linguistic portmanteau.
60	To create a portmanteau word.
61	Commonwealth standard spelling of encyclopedia.
62	domestic cat breeds and varieties
63	other feline species
64	Terms relating to animals. A mammal of the family Felidae.
65	Terms relating to animals. A mammal of the family Felidae. A carnivorous, four-legged, generally furry domesticated species (Felis catus) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet.
66	Terms relating to animals. A mammal of the family Felidae. A carnivorous, four-legged, generally furry domesticated species (Felis catus) of feline animal, commonly kept as a house pet. The flesh of this animal eaten as food.
67	Terms relating to animals. A mammal of the family Felidae. Any similar, chiefly non-domesticated, carnivorous mammal of the family Felidae, which includes bobcats, caracals, cheetahs, cougars, leopards, lions, lynxes, tigers, and other such species.
68	Terms relating to animals. Chiefly with a descriptive word: an animal not of the family Felidae which (somewhat) resembles a domestic feline (etymology 1, noun sense 1.1.1).
69	Terms relating to people. An angry or spiteful person, especially a woman.
70	Terms relating to people. An ordinary person, especially a man; a fellow, a guy.
71	Terms relating to people. Synonym of itinerant worker.
72	Terms relating to people. A jazz musician; also, an enthusiast of jazz music.
73	Terms relating to people. Synonym of prostitute.
74	Terms relating to things. A double tripod for holding a plate, etc., with six feet, of which three rest on the ground in whatever position it is placed.
75	Terms relating to things. The game of trap ball; also (countable), the trap in that game.
76	Terms relating to things. The pointed piece of wood that is struck in the game of tipcat.
77	Terms relating to things. A strong tackle used to hoist an anchor to the cathead of a ship.
78	Terms relating to things. Ellipsis of cat-o'-nine-tails.
79	Terms relating to things. Now only in catboat: a sturdy merchant sailing vessel.
80	Terms relating to things. A wheeled shelter, used in the Middle Ages to protect assailants approaching besieged enemy defences; a cathouse.
81	Terms relating to things. A vagina or vulva.
82	To hoist (an anchor) by its ring so that it hangs at the cathead.
83	To flog with a cat-o'-nine-tails.
84	To vomit.
85	To go wandering at night.
86	To gossip in a catty manner.
87	A program and command in Unix that reads one or more files and directs their content to the standard output.
88	To apply the cat command to (one or more files).
89	To dump large amounts of data on (an unprepared target), usually with no intention of browsing it carefully.
90	A street name of the drug methcathinone.
91	Abbreviation of catapult.
92	Abbreviation of catalytic converter.
93	Abbreviation of catamaran.
94	Abbreviation of category.
95	Abbreviation of catfish.
96	Abbreviation of caterpillar. Any of a variety of earth-moving machines. (from their manufacturer Caterpillar Inc.)
97	Abbreviation of caterpillar. A ground vehicle which uses caterpillar tracks, especially tractors, trucks, minibuses, and snow groomers.
98	Abbreviation of computed axial tomography; often used attributively, as in “CAT scan” or “CT scan”.
99	Catastrophic; terrible, disastrous.

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English Wiktionary for textkit-learn (v0.5)

English Wiktionary as tables for textkit-learn's tklearn.kb.WiktionaryStore: word senses (glosses), the forms that refer to them, relations between words, and optional gloss embeddings.

from tklearn.kb import KnowledgeBase, WiktionaryStore

kb = KnowledgeBase(WiktionaryStore())          # downloads the tables once
kb = KnowledgeBase(WiktionaryStore(embeddings=True))  # + gloss embeddings
for aug in kb.augment("The happy dogs barked."):
    print(aug.text, aug.relations)

Files

File	Rows	Columns
`glosses.parquet`	1,618,628	`sense_id`, `gloss`
`senses.parquet`	1,787,438	`word`, `sense_id`
`lexicon.parquet`	2,767,206	`form`, `word`, `sense_id`
`triples.parquet`	14,524,934	`subject`, `subject_sense`, `predicate`, `object`, `object_sense`
`embeddings.npy`	1,618,628	float32, 1024 dimensions
`manifest.json`		table format version and build metadata

A sense id identifies a gloss, shared by the words that have it; row i of embeddings.npy is the embedding of sense i.
form is lowercased, with its words joined by single spaces.
A null sense means the word in general, e.g. a relation that holds for every sense of a word. A relation that Wiktionary lists for a whole entry gets the entry's sense when the entry has only one (unless that sense is an inflection, or another entry of the word lists the same words).
Predicates: synonym, antonym, hypernym and category. Hyponyms are stored as the hypernyms they imply; relations of a word to itself are left out.

Source

Built with tklearn.kb.wiktionary.build_wiktionary (textkit-learn 0.5.0) from the kaikki.org dump of all Wiktionary entries (raw-wiktextract-data.jsonl.gz, downloaded 2026-08-23), extracted by wiktextract. Only English entries are used.

The embeddings were made with tklearn.kb.wiktionary.build_embeddings from the glosses, using BAAI/bge-large-en-v1.5 through OpenRouter (baai/bge-large-en-v1.5); they have unit length. The model run locally gives the same vectors, so texts can be embedded on your own machine to compare with them:

from tklearn.embeddings import SentenceTransformerEmbedding

query = SentenceTransformerEmbedding("BAAI/bge-large-en-v1.5").encode_query(
    "We sat on the bank of the river."
)

License

The content comes from Wiktionary, by its contributors, and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. This dataset is distributed under the same license.

If you use the extraction, please also cite wiktextract: Tatu Ylonen, "Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data", Proceedings of LREC 2022.

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