LFM2.5 TinyShell

Fine-tuned compact language model for the TinyShell ShellIntent natural-language-to-structured-IR task.

Base model

LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M

This is a supervised fine-tune of the upstream LFM2.5 instruction model. The derivative remains subject to the LFM Open License v1.0; the full license text is included in LICENSE.

Task

The model converts natural-language instructions into structured TinyShell ShellIntent JSON.

Supported high-level decisions include:

  • compile
  • clarify
  • unsupported

Held-out evaluation

Metric Result
JSON parse rate 99.00%
Schema validity 96.00%
IR exact match 37.50%
Decision accuracy 96.00%
Operation accuracy 64.50%
Slot precision 70.31%
Slot recall 61.66%
Slot F1 65.70%
Risk accuracy 95.50%
Confirmation accuracy 96.00%
Clarify accuracy 100.00%
Unsupported accuracy 60.00%
Multi-operation accuracy 31.11%
Median inference latency 1260.4274300001634 ms

Generation policy

Native generation termination

FunctionGemma and Falcon-H1 initially produced a valid first JSON object but frequently continued generating additional content. Their corrected final evaluation uses a generation-time stopping criterion that terminates once the first complete top-level JSON object is generated. This is generation control, not post-hoc JSON repair.

LFM2.5 terminated correctly under the original inference configuration.

Training

The model was fine-tuned with supervised causal language modeling.

  • Seed: 42
  • Best validation loss: 0.09860268847667612
  • Training time: 827.8969688260004 seconds
  • Peak GPU memory: 4.324039459228516 GB

Prompt tokens were masked from the language-model loss and the assistant JSON response was used as the supervised target.

Training used 1,600 examples, with 200 validation examples and 200 held-out test examples. The random seed was 42. The frozen source hashes and complete training metadata are included in evaluation/training_result.json.

Included files

  • Fine-tuned model weights
  • Model configuration
  • Tokenizer / processor files
  • Chat template when saved
  • Generation configuration when saved
  • evaluation/final_metrics.json
  • evaluation/test_predictions.jsonl
  • evaluation/training_result.json
  • inference_example.py
  • requirements.txt
  • LICENSE and NOTICE
  • SHA256SUMS.txt

Limitations

This pilot used one training seed. Test-set bootstrap intervals quantify held-out sample uncertainty but do not replace independent repeated training.

Exact ShellIntent matching is intentionally strict: one incorrect operation, argument, or structured field makes the complete IR prediction incorrect.

This model emits untrusted structured intent. Do not execute model output directly. Validate the JSON against the TinyShell schema, compile it through a deterministic platform-aware compiler, apply safety checks, and require user confirmation where appropriate.

License

The model weights are a derivative of LiquidAI/LFM2.5-230M and are released under the LFM Open License v1.0. The full license text is included in LICENSE; attribution is included in NOTICE. Commercial use is subject to the license’s annual-revenue threshold.

The TinyShell training data contribution is attributed under CC BY 4.0. Upstream source material may have separate terms; see the TinyShell dataset documentation for details.

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