Polaris-Pro

Polaris-Pro is a unified scientific multimodal foundation model that supports scientific understanding and generation across Earth science, proteins, RNA, DNA, and small molecules within a single 8B model. Native scientific encoders/decoders wrap a shared Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct backbone, so heterogeneous scientific data (sequences, molecular graphs, gridded physical fields, medical images) are reasoned about and generated in one representation space โ€” natural language in and out, no per-task fine-tuning.

๐Ÿ“œ Technical report coming soon.

Key features

  • Unified understanding and generation across 7 modalities through one natural-language interface.
  • Seven modalities, one 8B backbone (protein / RNA / DNA / molecule / weather / medical-image / text) via a modality router.
  • Native scientific encoders/decoders (ESM-2, RNA/DNA ConvFormers, molecular graph encoder, Swin-ViT weather tower, SAM-based image path) preserve domain structure a generic tokenizer would destroy.

Capabilities

Modality Understanding Generation
Protein โœ… โ€”
RNA โœ… โœ…
DNA โœ… โ€”
Molecule โœ… โœ…
Weather โ€” โœ…
Medical image โ€” โœ…
Text โœ… โœ…

Understanding = classification / regression / scientific QA. Generation: RNA sequence design ยท Molecule text โ†’ SMILES ยท Weather 10-day global ERA5 0.25ยฐ forecast ยท Medical-image text-prompted segmentation (SAM 3-based; Meta SAM License).

Benchmarks

Polaris-Pro (8B) vs Biology-Instructions (Llama-3.1-8B, text-token, no scientific encoders) and Intern-S1-Pro (~1T MoE scientific model). Bold = best; underline = second-best.

Biological sequence understanding

Task Metric Polaris-Pro (8B) Biology-Instructions (8B) Intern-S1-Pro (~1T)
DNA ยท Epigenetic marks (EMP) MCC 71.99 3.64 14.02
DNA ยท Promoter det. 300bp (PD300) MCC 91.17 58.18 82.65
DNA ยท Core-promoter (CPD) MCC 66.35 44.54 54.60
DNA ยท Enhancer activity (EA) PCC 52.64 53.28 55.16
RNA ยท ncRNA function Acc 91.46 63.09 34.50
RNA ยท Modification AUC 96.03 59.06 57.77
RNA ยท APA isoform Rยฒ 79.87 59.01 82.95
RNA ยท CRISPR on-target Spearman ฯ 28.76 -0.02 15.69
Protein ยท Stability Spearman ฯ 70.63 60.25 60.82
Protein ยท Fluorescence Spearman ฯ 70.12 2.57 78.14
Protein ยท Enzyme Commission Fmax 68.65 19.79 72.70
Protein ยท Solubility Acc 67.26 63.02 67.60
Cross-modal ยท RPI (RNAโ€“protein) MCC 76.49 74.26 58.51
Cross-modal ยท AAN (antibodyโ€“antigen) MCC 42.96 1.06 44.76
Cross-modal ยท EPI (enhancerโ€“promoter) MCC -0.03 3.37 -1.30

Aggregate over 20 biological-understanding benchmarks: Polaris-Pro matches or beats the ~1T Intern-S1-Pro on 10/20 and the same-scale 8B text-token baseline on 16/20.

Molecule understanding (SMolInstruct)

Task Metric Polaris-Pro (8B) LlaSMol
BBBP Acc 96.95 74.60
HIV Acc 97.00 96.70
SIDER Acc 71.00 70.70
ClinTox Acc 92.36 93.10
ESOL RMSE โ†“ 0.550 1.150
Lipophilicity RMSE โ†“ 0.628 1.010

Earth-science forecasting โ€” vs ECMWF HRES (day-10, global ERA5 0.25ยฐ)

Variable Metric Polaris-Pro (8B) ECMWF HRES (NWP)
Z500 RMSE โ†“ โ‰ˆ740 โ‰ˆ810
T2M RMSE โ†“ (K) โ‰ˆ2.65 โ‰ˆ2.90
MSL RMSE โ†“ (Pa) โ‰ˆ680 โ‰ˆ745

Polaris-Pro tracks or beats the operational physics-based HRES system, with the advantage growing at longer lead times.

Medical-image segmentation

Mean Dice (%) on the BiomedParse test splits, 102,855 imageโ€“prompt pairs across nine imaging modalities, versus six modality-native segmentation specialists.

Modality # Samples Polaris-Pro BiomedParse MedSAM SAM SAM3 DINO+MedSAM DINO+SAM
All 102,855 91.20 90.73 83.55 71.29 35.40 15.37 15.10
CT 45,306 93.36 92.25 83.87 74.10 28.93 9.59 10.34
MRI 30,990 85.29 85.25 75.90 68.34 53.64 13.28 12.39
OCT 283 85.31 86.63 56.26 55.99 8.69 6.68 6.98
X-ray 13,840 98.02 98.28 97.75 81.35 39.96 37.22 30.63
Dermoscopy 65 98.08 97.11 97.35 88.23 51.47 81.28 78.29
Endoscopy 410 97.39 96.77 97.05 92.88 38.82 25.01 24.54
Fundus 800 91.33 91.50 88.06 57.16 18.58 3.19 2.73
Pathology 977 87.29 81.57 43.44 42.06 26.08 25.38 24.69
Ultrasound 10,184 90.54 91.03 89.76 57.47 5.23 17.12 22.91

Best overall Dice (All), and best on CT, MRI, pathology, dermoscopy, and endoscopy; on X-ray, Fundus, and Ultrasound the gap to BiomedParse is โ‰ค 0.5 Dice, and on the smallest split (OCT) it is 1.3.

Usage

Runs via the accompanying code repository (custom multimodal architecture).

git clone https://github.com/Shanghai-Academy-of-AI-For-Science/Polaris-Pro && cd Polaris-Pro
pip install -r requirements.txt          # Python 3.10; transformers==5.0.0
hf download sais-org/Polaris_Pro --local-dir ./model

export PYTHONPATH=$PWD/code
python code/inference.py --model_path model --greedy --max_new_tokens 64 \
  --rna "GGATGCGATCATGTCTGCACTAACACACCGGATCCCATCAGAACTCCGAAGTTAAGCGTGCTTGGGCGGGAGTAGTACTAGGATGGGCGACCCCTTAGGAAGTACTCGTGTTGCATCCC" \
  --system "You are a non-coding RNA family classifier. Output only the family name, no other text." \
  --prompt $'<rna>\nWhich family does this non-coding RNA sequence belong to?'

All weights are contained in model.safetensors: the scientific encoders/decoders (ESM-2, the Suiren molecular graph encoder, the RNA/DNA ConvFormers, the Swin-ViT weather tower) and the fine-tuned SAM 3 branch used for medical-image segmentation.

Each task has a specific --system prompt that fixes the output format; see run_examples.sh in the repository for per-task examples, weather, and segmentation.

License

Composite license. Polaris-Pro's own components โ€” the code, and all weights except the SAM 3 branch โ€” are Apache-2.0, built on Qwen3-VL (Apache-2.0) and including merged ESM-2 (MIT) and Polaris/Suiren-derived encoders.

The medical-image segmentation branch embeds SAM 3 weights, which are governed by Meta's SAM License (SAM_LICENSE.txt, shipped alongside these weights). SAM 3 use is subject to that license, including its acceptable-use restrictions (no military / weapons / illegal uses; Trade-Control compliance). See THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md / NOTICE for the full third-party breakdown.

Citation

@misc{polarispro2026,
  title  = {Polaris-Pro: A Unified Scientific Multimodal Foundation Model},
  author = {Hesen Chen and Xinyu Su and Xiaomeng Yang and Yuetan Lin and Zixiong Yang and Zhiyu Tan and Hao Li},
  year   = {2026},
  note   = {https://huggingface.co/sais-org/Polaris_Pro}
}
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