Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e-fast

Speed-tuned variant of Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e, the calibrated 2-bit MLX quantization of poolside/Laguna-S-2.1 (118B total, 8B activated per token). Same oQ level 2 enhanced, same imatrix, same experts — the one thing I changed is the budget: instead of letting oQ spend freely on the dense spine, I capped it at target_bpw=2.54, and oQ reallocated the attention on its own. 2.60 bits/weight effective, 35 GB on disk. For Apple Silicon.

• 35 GB on disk, down from 235 GB BF16 and 36 GB for the oQ2e it derives from
• 48 layers, 47 of them MoE with 256 routed experts + 1 shared, top-10 (L0 is a dense MLP); interleaved attention (12 global with YaRN to 1M context, 36 sliding-window 512)
• Peak memory in my tests: 33.2 GB at 1k context, 36.3 GB at 64k — fits a 48 GB Mac
• 78.8 tok/s at 1k context against 61.5 for the oQ2e, at the same mmlu_pro within noise
• Converted and tested on a Macbook Pro M5 Max 128GB 40 GPU

What changed against the oQ2e

Only the bit budget. oQ derives bit-width per tensor from an imatrix-calibrated sensitivity pass; at level 2 enhanced it lands on 2-bit experts and puts every non-expert tensor — attention, embeddings, lm_head, routers, shared expert, 386 in total — at 8 bits. With 8B parameters active per token, that's a defensible allocation: the dense spine is read in full on every token while only 10 of 256 experts are touched, so protecting it is cheap in disk and expensive in bandwidth.

Passing target_bpw=2.54 (with hard_cap_bpw=3.0) tells the allocator to hit a lower budget, and it picks where to take the loss. It kept the shared expert, embeddings and lm_head at 8 bits and spent the rest on attention selectively: most projections drop to 3 bits, but q/k/v of the 12 global-attention layers stay at 6–8. Those are the layers that carry the long-context path; the 36 sliding-window layers only see 512 tokens.

	oQ2e	this build
routed experts	2b gs128	2b gs128 (byte-identical)
shared expert, embeddings, lm_head	8b	8b
attention q/k/v	8b	3b ×81, 4b ×27, 6b ×14, 8b ×22
attention o/g	8b	3b ×54, 4b ×32, 8b ×10

Requirements

mlx-lm doesn't support the laguna architecture yet — there's an open PR: mlx-lm#1223. Until it lands, use mlx-vlm (0.6.3+), which implements laguna as a text-only model:

uvx --from mlx-vlm mlx_vlm.generate --model mlx-community/Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e-fast --prompt "..."

oMLX serves it directly from 0.5.3 on — it vendors the PR and patches it into mlx-lm at import, so no model setting is needed. On older builds that predate the patch, discovery lands on mlx-lm and fails with Model type laguna not supported; set model_type_override: "vlm" and refresh discovery (omlx restart).

How it was built

omlx.oq.quantize_oq_streaming at oq_level=2, enhanced=True, group_size=128, dtype bfloat16, with target_bpw=2.54 and hard_cap_bpw=3.0. Sensitivity was measured against a uniform 4-bit proxy on disk — the 235 GB FP model doesn't fit in 128 GB of RAM — reusing the same cached imatrix as the whole oQ ladder, so the only difference against the oQ2e is the budget. Output is standard MLX affine quantization: no custom kernels or runtime required.

Unlike the upstream config, generation_config.json here ships repetition_penalty: 1.05: at this bit-width the model can fall into verbatim repetition loops in long-form generation, and this is the mildest setting that reliably broke them in my tests.

Why it's faster

Generation is memory-bandwidth bound, and what matters is bytes read per token, not bytes on disk. The dense spine is read in full on every token; of the experts, only 10 of 256 are touched. The oQ2e reads 5.21 GB per token, this build reads 3.72 GB.

The speedup lands at 28%, not the 40% the byte count alone predicts, because MLX's low-bit kernels move fewer bytes per second than its 8-bit ones — part of what the narrower attention saves in traffic comes back as slower matmuls.

Conversion check

Smoke-tested with mlx_vlm.generate: coherent on a math prompt (17 * 24 decomposed by the distributive property, then verified a second way, 408, no repetition loop) at 76 tok/s. It also completed a 300-question mmlu_pro run with no truncations or malformed answers.

Performance

Measured with oMLX's benchmark harness on a Macbook Pro M5 Max 128GB 40 GPU, single request, 128 generated tokens:

prompt	gen tok/s	prefill tok/s	TTFT ms	peak GB
1k	78.8	1204.8	851	33.21
4k	74.4	1147.7	3570	33.35
8k	72.9	1050.7	7798	33.52
16k	67.9	961.3	17044	33.91
32k	60.8	891.3	36766	34.66
64k	48.6	794.1	82535	36.27

Continuous batching at 1k prompt / 128 generated:

batch	tg tok/s	speedup	TTFT ms	E2E s
1	78.8	1.00x	851	2.48
2	106.5	1.35x	1791	4.19
4	145.6	1.85x	3039	6.62
8	175.4	2.23x	4412	11.49

Benchmarks & Variants

mmlu_pro, mathqa and winogrande, n=300 seeded samples each, thinking off, identical questions across every variant. The bf16 row is the hosted API, measured the same way. Standard error at this n is around 2.5 points, so the gap to the oQ2e is not a real difference; the gap to oQ4e and up is.

Variant	Size	bpw	gen tok/s (1k → 64k)	mmlu_pro	mathqa	winogrande
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e-fast (this repo)	35 GB	2.60	78.8 → 48.6	0.700	0.850	0.713
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e	36 GB	2.70	61.5 → 38.8	0.703	0.840	0.707
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ3e-fast	49 GB	3.56	77.2 → 48.4	0.750	0.887	0.760
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ3e	49 GB	3.59	67.5 → 40.1	0.750	0.880	0.760
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ4e-fast	63 GB	4.54	69.3 → 45.5	0.787	0.873	0.777
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ4e	64 GB	4.60	55.9 → 39.8	0.757	0.887	0.777
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ5e	78 GB	5.30	57.5 → 38.1	0.773	0.883	0.797
Laguna-S-2.1-oQ6e	92 GB	6.27	53.0 → 32.9	0.763	0.873	0.777
Laguna S 2.1 (API, bf16)	—	16	—	0.773	0.880	0.810

Treat this as a rough sighting, not a verdict. Three benchmarks at n=300 cover a narrow slice of what the model does — no long-context work, no agentic loops, no real code — and at this sample size most of the ladder above 3.6 bpw sits inside the error bars. I ran them to size the drop between levels, not to rank the variants against each other. Test the one you're considering on your own workload before trusting any of it.

Pick this one over the oQ2e if you want the throughput — at this n the two are indistinguishable on accuracy. Pick oQ4e or above if accuracy matters more than fitting in 48 GB.

Usage

# mlx-vlm — plain mlx-lm doesn't support the laguna architecture
uvx --from mlx-vlm mlx_vlm.generate --model mlx-community/Laguna-S-2.1-oQ2e-fast \
  --prompt "Explain Bayes' theorem in two sentences." --max-tokens 300

# oMLX — discovers the model from the HF cache
omlx serve

License

OpenMDW-1.1, inherited from the base model. Refer to the original model card for architecture, benchmarks, and intended use.