VectraYX-Nano: A 42M-Parameter Spanish Cybersecurity Language Model with Curriculum Learning and Native Tool Use
Paper • 2605.13989 • Published
How to use jsantillana/vectrayx-pro-3b with PEFT:
from peft import PeftModel
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct")
model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "jsantillana/vectrayx-pro-3b")VectraYX-Pro 3B is a LoRA-64 adapter for Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct fine-tuned on the VectraYX Spanish cybersecurity SFT corpus (~93,500 examples). It is part of the VectraYX model family presented in the paper arXiv:2605.13989.
This repo contains only the LoRA adapter weights (~457 MB). You need to load them on top of Qwen/Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct.
| Model | Params | B1 KW | B2 F1 | B3 TM | B4 Tool | B5 Chat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VectraYX-Nano v7 (headline) | 42M | 0.332±0.005 | — | — | 0.230±0.052 | 0.725±0.130 |
| VectraYX-Base 260M | 260M | 0.325 | 0.220 | 0.114 | 0.000 | 0.800 |
| VectraYX-Pro 3B | 3.2B | 0.341 | 0.695 | 0.686 | 0.600 | 0.800 |
| VectraYX-Pro 7B | 7B | 0.335 | 0.815 | 0.686 | 0.880 | 0.800 |
| GPT-4o (frontier ref.) | — | 0.333 | 0.110 | 0.520 | 0.615 | 0.631 |
This adapter applies the VectraYX cybersecurity specialization to Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct:
ml.g5.xlarge)<|tool_call|> emission (B4=0.600)from peft import PeftModel
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
# Load base Qwen model (requires ~6 GB VRAM for bfloat16)
base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
"Qwen/Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct",
torch_dtype="auto",
device_map="auto"
)
# Load VectraYX LoRA adapter on top
model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "jsantillana/vectrayx-pro-3b")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("jsantillana/vectrayx-pro-3b")
# Inference
messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "¿Qué es el CVE-2021-44228 y cuál es su severidad?"}]
text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
inputs = tokenizer(text, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=200, temperature=0.7)
print(tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
merged = model.merge_and_unload()
merged.save_pretrained("vectrayx-pro-3b-merged")
tokenizer.save_pretrained("vectrayx-pro-3b-merged")
| Model | Backbone | Params | B4 Tool |
|---|---|---|---|
| VectraYX-Nano v7 | from-scratch | 42M | 0.230±0.052 |
| VectraYX-Base | from-scratch | 260M | 0.000* |
| VectraYX-Pro 3B | Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct + LoRA-64 | 3.2B | 0.600 |
| VectraYX-Pro 7B | Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct + QLoRA-32 | 7B | 0.880 |
*Base 260M with LoRA-16 at ratio 1:21 achieves B4=0.445±0.201.
@misc{santillana2026vectrayx,
title = {VectraYX-Nano: A 42M-Parameter Spanish Cybersecurity Language Model
with Curriculum Learning and Native Tool Use},
author = {Santillana, Juan S.},
year = {2026},
eprint = {2605.13989},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
primaryClass = {cs.CL},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.13989}
}