spark-13m-instruct

A 13.2M-parameter English instruction-tuned language model โ€” a deliberately tiny model in the spirit of SmolLM, for research on small-model capability, fast experimentation, and as a lightweight decoder backbone (e.g. for a small VLM). It is ~10ร— smaller than SmolLM-135M.

  • Architecture: Llama-style decoder, hidden 384, 6 layers, 6 heads / 2 KV heads (GQA), intermediate 1216, RoPE, context 1024, vocab 6400 (English BPE).
  • Base: pretrained on ~17B tokens (TinyStories + FineWeb-Edu + ClimbMix), wiki perplexity 21.98.
  • Instruct: SFT on SmolTalk (200k conversations), 5 epochs.

Usage

from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("ifx-pse-sys-ml/spark-13m-instruct", trust_remote_code=True)
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("ifx-pse-sys-ml/spark-13m-instruct")

msgs = [{"role": "user", "content": "Tell me about the moon."}]
ids = tok.apply_chat_template(msgs, add_generation_prompt=True, return_tensors="pt")
out = model.generate(ids, max_new_tokens=128)
print(tok.decode(out[0][ids.shape[1]:], skip_special_tokens=True))

The decoder also accepts inputs_embeds (exactly one of input_ids / inputs_embeds), so a vision projector can splice visual tokens in โ€” it can serve as a small VLM text backbone.

Benchmarks

Accuracy (%) via lm-evaluation-harness 0.4, the same harness and shots for every model, so the columns are directly comparable. (SmolLM's blog used lighteval; those numbers use a different harness and are not comparable, so they are not quoted here.)

Benchmark chance spark-13m-base spark-13m-instruct SmolLM-135M SmolLM-135M-Instruct
hellaswag 25 28.0 28.3 42.6 41.9
arc_easy 25 38.3 34.2 56.1 43.9
arc_challenge 25 21.4 24.7 28.9 27.4
piqa 50 60.4 56.7 68.4 67.0
winogrande 50 50.1 50.6 53.2 51.3
openbookqa 25 25.4 26.0 34.0 33.6
commonsense_qa 20 21.5 22.4 19.8 20.3
mmlu 25 24.2 25.3 25.2 24.4
average โ€” 33.7 33.5 41.0 38.7

Honest limitations

At 13M parameters this model is near random chance on knowledge- and harder-reasoning benchmarks (MMLU, OpenBookQA, ARC-Challenge, Winogrande). It retains real signal only where commonsense/pattern beats stored knowledge (PIQA 60, ARC-Easy 38). It is a research and prototyping model โ€” a capable small decoder for its size, not a knowledge model. Instruction-tuning adds response format, not facts, so instruct โ‰ˆ base on these academic benchmarks.

Trained with the Nexus codebase. English only.

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13.2M params
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