Ingot-27B-DFlash2

A DFlash 2 speculative-decoding drafter for the Ingot 27B kings, fine-tuned from z-lab/Qwen3.8-27B-DFlash2 on answers generated by Ingot-IV-27B.

The drafter only proposes tokens; the king verifies every one, so it speeds up generation without changing which model answers. It runs in the Dendrite llama.cpp fork next to a PQ2_0 king.

Files

file type size
Ingot-27B-DFlash2-Q8_0.gguf Q8_0, recommended 2.06 GB
Ingot-27B-DFlash2-BF16.gguf BF16 3.86 GB

Usage

llama-server -m Ingot-XVI-27B-PQ2_0.gguf \
  -md Ingot-27B-DFlash2-Q8_0.gguf --spec-type draft-dflash --spec-draft-n-max 5 \
  -fa on --jinja

Five drafted tokens per step is the fastest setting we measured. The drafter adds about 6 GB of VRAM at a 16k context.

Results

RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell, one stream, Dendrite llama.cpp fork.

Chat prompts held out from training, 256 greedy tokens:

target plain tok/s with drafter tok/s speedup acceptance
Ingot-IV-27B 135.5 243.9 1.80x 55.8%
Ingot-XVI-27B 135.8 245.2 1.81x 56.4%
Ingot-IV-27B, upstream z-lab drafter 138 186 1.35x 43.0%

Long coding prompts, Ingot-XVI-27B, temperature 0.6, top-p 0.95:

prompt tokens plain tok/s with drafter tok/s speedup acceptance
2k 134.7 175.2 1.30x 35.5%
16k 122.8 163.4 1.33x 32.3%
60k 98.3 138.2 1.41x 30.7%

Q8_0 is faster than BF16 at the same acceptance.

Training

  • Start: z-lab/Qwen3.8-27B-DFlash2. 5 layers, block size 8, target features from layers 6, 20, 34, 48 and 62.
  • Target: Ingot-IV-27B PQ2_0, frozen. Its embeddings and output head are shared with the drafter.
  • Data: 36,102 prompts from dendriteholdings/ingot_corpus, answered by the king at temperature 1.0, top-p 0.95. An evaluation-sized set of 903 prompts was held out.
  • Objective: DFlash block teacher forcing, 64 anchors per sequence, sequences up to 3,072 tokens, position-weighted cross-entropy with gamma 4.
  • Optimizer: AdamW, betas 0.9 and 0.95, weight decay 0.01, gradient clip 1.0, cosine schedule, 1,499 steps over two stages, 116M tokens, 8 GPUs.
  • The DFlash 2 selector is unchanged from upstream.

Limitations

  • Trained on sequences up to 3k tokens; acceptance holds to at least 60k in our tests.
  • Acceptance is lower when sampling than with greedy decoding.
  • Speculative decoding in llama.cpp verifies drafts in batches, so outputs can differ from plain decoding at near-tied tokens. The model is the same; the floating-point path is not.
  • Measured on a single stream; the gain under many concurrent requests is smaller.

Citation

@article{chen2026dflash,
  title   = {DFlash: Block Diffusion for Flash Speculative Decoding},
  author  = {Chen, Jian and Liang, Yesheng and Liu, Zhijian},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.06036},
  year    = {2026},
  url     = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.06036}
}

Upstream drafter by z-lab, Apache 2.0.

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