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<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>The</title> <body> THE ELEVENTH EDITION FIRST edition, published in three volume*, 1768-1771. SECOND *t t* **° »t 1777— 1784. THIRD „ „ eighteen „ 1788— 1797. FOURTH i» ** twenty „ 1801—1810. FIFTH ii ii twenty „ 1815— 1817. SIXTH ti ••...
b4efaaa078fdcdbd
britannica
204
379
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Seventh</title> <body> SEVENTH •• f* twenty-one „ 1830—1842. EIGHTH tt i&gt; twenty.two „ 1853— 1860, NINTH ti *»» twenty-five „ 1875— 1889. TENTH „ ninth edition and eleven supplementary volumes, 1902—1003. ELEVENTH „ published in twenty-n...
cb5d840115718a40
britannica
188
382
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>A.W.H.*</title> <body> A.W.H.* CA.B.P Rev. Alfred Ernest Garvie, M.A., D.D. Principal of New College, Hampstead. Member of the Board of Theology and the Board of Philosophy, London University. Author of Studies, in the Junes Life of Jesus, &amp;c Hen...
6b7fd4d21c572895
britannica
1,166
3,227
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Cf.A</title> <body> CF.A. C.H.H1. C.J.L. 0.1* K. CMo. O.P. CPt. G.EB. C.fl. C.VT.W. D.6.E D.P.T. D.GL D.O.H. D.BL D. Mil D.8.* B.O.B. B.D.B. INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES Chau.es B£kont, Lttt.D. (Oxon.). fHtvot; See the biographical ...
bee6240c4b98b18a
britannica
1,856
4,810
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Initials And Headings Of Articles **</title> <body> INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES ** E.D.BO. Edward Dukdas Butler. f n _. Formerly Assistant in the Department of Printed Books. British Museum. Foreign J u ™faiy: LttcraMirn Member of the Hungarian ...
73049312e713e4f1
britannica
1,866
5,256
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Initials And Headings Of Articles</title> <body> INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES George Gregory Smith, M.A. Author oi Tlu&lt; Henryson. ia- j Giessea. Author of Das via G.O.S. Professor of English Literature, Queen's University of Belfast. Days...
68a82f744cbb7c09
britannica
1,562
4,634
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Initials And Headings Of Articles</title> <body> INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES IX J.B.T, /.Oft. J.B. I. P. P. J. F. fi. B. J. 04. J.G.H. 1.0. S. J.H.A.H. J.H.P. J. H. Mb. J.H.B. M. J. P. J.K.L. J.M.H. J.FwB. J.P.Pi. J. 8. Co. J. IF. J.T....
b7cf977e790379c6
britannica
1,633
4,787
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>J.T.M0</title> <body> J.T.M0. J.T.ft.* J. v.* J.V.I. J.Ws. J.W.* i. W. P. J. W. I*. INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES Joseph Thomas Cunntncham, M.A.. F.Z.S. f Lecturer on Zoology at the, South-western Polytechnic London. Formerly Fellow J Hnrrt...
cf07a26dc6dcbe98
britannica
284
719
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Jules Vtard</title> <body> JULES VTARD. Archivist at the National Archives, Paris. Officer of Public Instruction. Author ' of La Frame* sous Philippe VI. de Valois; Ac Jakes Vernon Bartlet, MA, D.D. (St Andrews). Professor of Church History, Mansfield...
9f72ad7f7d8020f9
britannica
1,503
4,178
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Initials And Headings Of Articles</title> <body> INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES 0. C W. Rbv. Owen Charles Whttehouse, M.A., D.D. f Christ's College. Cambridge. Professor of Hebrew, Biblical Exegesis and Theology, i Hebrew Religion, and Theological T...
9c73920f264791c8
britannica
3,672
10,113
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Initials And Headings Of Articles</title> <body> INITIALS AND HEADINGS OF ARTICLES xiii W. L. 0. William Lawson Grant, M.A. Professor at Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. Formerly Beit Lecturer in . Colonial History at Oxford University. Editor o...
418fa6404b501190
britannica
705
2,222
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Principal Unsigned Articles</title> <body> PRINCIPAL UNSIGNED ARTICLES Harrow. Hartford. Hartlepool. Harvard University. Han Mountains. Hat Havana. HawaJL HaxeL Heath. Hebrides, The. Heidelberg Catechism. Heligoland. Heliostat Hellebore. ...
b1dcce0a6ddd27bf
britannica
279
615
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Eleventh Edition</title> <body> ELEVENTH EDITION HARMONY (Gr. dp/iorfa, a concord of musical sounds, Iptitfur to join; iptionicfi (sc. r*x*t) meant the science or art of music, /jmntud) being of wider significance), a combination of parts so that the ef...
3792ebf09f99d4a1
britannica
1,275
5,085
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY doubled a melody in sths and octaves they believed themselves to be doing no more than extending and diversifying the means by which a melody might be sung in unison by different voices. How they came to prefer for this pu...
d16720a1d48fd045
britannica
2,161
9,000
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY the successions of these concords «nd their alternations with discord involved principles at once larger and more subtle than those of mere difference in smoothness and artificiality. Not only was a major chord (or at leas...
3385610573f25e1d
britannica
2,093
8,727
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY variety of find chords seeds a ranch more rigid harmonic scheme to control it, but they can never be Cabined. And when Beethoven an his last " Bagatelle " raises the 6th of a minor scale for the pfeasnre he takes in an une...
a763978f73035584
britannica
2,086
8,694
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY m*re survival of ancient customs, at least where great masters are concerned. (This final major chord is known as the Tien* it PUardu.) The effect of the minor mode is thus normally plaintive because it centres round the a...
4530e38cbfd27d8e
britannica
2,041
8,807
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmonv</title> <body> HARMONV related to" the minor tonic, it also gives • curioos sens a tion of heiog merely on the dominant instead of t» it; and thus we find that in the few classical examples of a dominant major second subject in a minor sonata-mo...
8d8eb713bcf73af7
britannica
2,097
8,956
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY connecting links. Haydn's greatest pianoforte sonata (which, being probably his last, is of course No. i in most editions) b in Et», and its slow movement is in Fb. major («*Fb). That key had already appeared, with surpris...
49899d26c397f80a
britannica
1,343
5,598
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Tables Of Key-Relationships</title> <body> TABLES OF KEY-RELATIONSHIPS A. From Major Tonic \ Direct RcWUooUrpe f III IV V vt Indirect throat* both I and the tecond key Indirect, tfcrooffc I m» vi&gt; Indirect throat* tlit tecood key jb Doubly In...
4fe29d1de3038585
britannica
280
693
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>His Vis</title> <body> HIS VIS Aftfftdsi, dfroct Artificial, Indirect 4 II* t-A- vffl'fc tW / Unrelated \lVifch*.,V»arvr . Contradictory* \t H *it» * Very rare, but the slow movement of Schubert's C major String Quintet demonstrates it magnific...
ee178ab9e0d8857d
britannica
297
996
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY when minor. Thus I represents tonic major, iv represents subdominant minor, and so on. A flat or a sharp after the figure indicates that the normal degree of the standard scale has been lowered or raised a semitone, even w...
3ac53d6227826c41
britannica
2,026
8,645
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmony</title> <body> HARMONY leys of C and Bfl after a -wide series of modulations. The difference would be perceptible enough in immediate juxtaposition, but after some interval of time the memory will certainly accept two keys so near in pitch as id...
865698b176a3ce43
britannica
2,367
8,845
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harmotome— Harness</title> <body> HARMOTOME— HARNESS Erlangen (1877^878, 3 vols.). The liturgy of the Lutheran church of Russia has, since 1898, been based on his Lilurgische Formulate (1872). The son pursued his studies at Dorpat (1860-1872) and at Le...
cbf396ecc75c7af7
britannica
1,315
4,577
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Haro— Harp</title> <body> HARO— HARP ii origin, gear* tackle, equipment In general, but early applied particularly to the body armour of a soldier, including the trappings of the horse; now the general term for the gear of an animal used for draft purp...
5cfea5e30a8ae7f4
britannica
2,834
10,975
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harp</title> <body> HARP 6( octaves from Mpj^ft E I % f J £ i »t"L i t * *\ e. •_ ..1 - PP Lsi U ,ol '. t ht foi E A, Cfi ita pn nt Presents uie least aimcuity, iot inc iinge cys. The strings are twanged with the tl fingers. The quality of ...
14dc639b678b4393
britannica
289
805
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harp 13</title> <body> HARP 13 foot the stank* bow-form to the uf family (see fig. 2). The Egyptian harp had no front p catgut the teuton and pitch must n I Fig. a. bestowed a wealth of decoration, 1 prized them. The ancient Assyrians had harps with...
7d8fb2b0552fae78
britannica
783
2,623
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harpenden— Harpies</title> <body> HARPENDEN— HARPIES than eight major scale*. By a sequence of improvements, in which two Frenchmen named Cousineatf took an important part, the various defects inherent in Hochbrucker's plan became ameliorated. The pedal...
31f8d9a3743e7739
britannica
2,395
9,088
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harpignies— Harpsichord</title> <body> HARPIGNIES— HARPSICHORD *5 with beautiful locks, swifter than winds and birds ia their flight, and their domain is the air. In later times their number was increased (Celaeno being a frequent addition and their Le...
9e1b97ba5fd02826
britannica
2,523
8,858
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harpy— Harrar</title> <body> HARPY— HARRAR the strings, instead of being struck by tangents as in the davi- . chord, or by hammers as in the pianoforte, are plucked by means of a quill firmly embedded in the centred tongue of a jack or upright placed on...
349c2de60bdefea1
britannica
1,978
7,194
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harratin— Harrigan</title> <body> HARRATIN— HARRIGAN tor the mastery of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Abubekr's successor was Mahommcd III., Ahmed ibn Ibrahim el-Ghaxi (»S°7-»543), surnamed Gran (Granyi), the left-handed. He was not an Arab but, probabl...
c4b33624c5422a68
britannica
1,215
4,453
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>X11I I*</title> <body> X11I I* fifteen species are recognised by Bowdler Sbarpe (Ctf. Birds Brit. Museum, L pp. 50-73). In most if not all the harriers the sexes differ greatly in colour, so much so that for a long while the males and females of one of ...
7f6b1243e0d13640
britannica
881
3,297
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harriman</title> <body> HARRIMAN, E. H.— HARRINGTON, J. by David Braham. The titles of these plays indicate their character, The Mulligan Guards, Squatter Sovereignly, A Leather Patch, The O' Regans. The partnership with Hart lasted from 1871-1884. Subs...
64013324e6bf6cef
britannica
2,491
8,541
<encyclopedia> <meta source="britannica" edition="11th" /> <title>Harriot—Harris</title> <body> HARRIOT—HARRIS, J. a gentleman commoner. One of Ms tutors was the famous Chflfingworth. Alter several years spent in travel, and as a soldier in the Dutch army, he returned to England and lived m retirement till 1646, when ...
099d14d19fe36f84
britannica
2,418
8,852
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

pretrain-mix-50b

Unified streaming pretrain corpus tokenized with HuggingFaceTB/SmolLM2-1.7B. n_tokens is the SmolLM2 token count of text with add_special_tokens=False. Every text ends with <|endoftext|> (already included in the count).

  • running_total_tokens: 26,317,803,674
  • n_docs: 35,232,891
  • n_shards: 135
  • bucket: hf://buckets/domofon/datasets_2/pretrain_mix_50b/
  • dataset: domofon/pretrain-50b (public)

Schema (every shard)

column type note
text string wrapped document + eos
id string source-native or {source}:{file}:{i}
source string stable slug
n_tokens int64 SmolLM2 count of text
char_len int32 len(text)

Shards: data/train-NNNNN.arrow (Arrow IPC file).

Wrappers

Body XML-escaped (& < >). Meta attribute values escaped. Telegram fields / judge scores are not copied into text.

britannica / reddit — copied as-is (already wrapped + eos).

<patent>
<meta source="uspto" type="{patent_type}" date="{filing_date}" />
<body>
...
</body>
</patent>
<|endoftext|>

<page>
<meta source="fineweb-edu" />
<body>
...
</body>
</page>
<|endoftext|>

<lesson>
<meta source="sutra" domain="{domain}" />
<title>{concept_name}</title>
<body>
...
</body>
</lesson>
<|endoftext|>

<doc>
<meta source="{src}" />
<title optional/>
<body>
...
</body>
</doc>
<|endoftext|>

Chat (perfectblend conversations of {from,value}) flattened to ChatML without <|im_end|>:

<|im_start|>system
...
<|im_start|>user
...
<|im_start|>assistant
...
<|endoftext|>

from: system/human/gpt → system/user/assistant. Empty turns skipped.

Include (processed in this order, stop at 50B tokens)

  1. britannica (local encyclopaedia XML)
  2. reddit (local post XML)
  3. sutra (pedagogical lessons)
  4. fineweb-edu (Pluto EN)
  5. ultra-math (Pluto math content)
  6. pes2o (Pluto science json.gz)
  7. openstax (one doc per row, even if long)
  8. oglm (train + validation)
  9. kiy-k
  10. khan (one doc per transcript chunk, with title)
  11. lumasik (blank-line paragraphs; drop if >30% non-ASCII)
  12. debatesum (Full-Document; meta year/tag)
  13. deepa2 (source_text len>=80; slug deepa2-{config})
  14. perfectblend (ChatML flatten)
  15. us-patents train parts in order until 50B (no valid split)

Exclude

rewrite_*, big_patent, reddit-pretrain-xml, Pluto zh/pt/es/hi, openthoughts, structured-hard-sft, chats/multi-turn, emoji, tiny-code, math-extraction eval, vector_store.index, us-patents valid.

Per-source token table

source n_docs n_tokens
britannica 633,257 1,387,198,404
debatesum 75,861 46,227,519
deepa2-aaac01 59,765 18,718,585
deepa2-aaac02 59,882 20,941,328
deepa2-aaac03 59,937 21,155,284
deepa2-aifdb-moral-maze 4,953 2,587,739
deepa2-aifdb-us2016 3,769 6,459,332
deepa2-aifdb-vacc-itc 1,526 1,285,777
deepa2-argkp 5,445 331,067
deepa2-argq 30,497 2,580,859
deepa2-enbank-task_1 1,828 202,348
deepa2-enbank-task_2 1,840 603,530
deepa2-esnli 79,252 6,023,722
fineweb-edu 4,389,000 4,715,270,001
khan 23,683 13,308,753
kiy-k 41,229 52,349,959
lumasik 107,064 7,884,341
oglm 453,409 865,502,438
openstax 36,610 45,168,817
pes2o 11,881,090 3,458,388,828
reddit 3,713,744 835,927,956
sutra 10,193,029 10,765,581,010
ultra-math 3,376,221 4,044,106,077

Disk / streaming

Sources are streamed or fetched one file at a time. Each ~1–2GB local shard is tokenized, uploaded to the bucket and this dataset repo, then deleted. A running token ledger is kept in ledger.json.

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