Datasets:

decisionlens
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mdmp-staff-planning-pairs

instruction stringlengths 17 119	input stringclasses 2 values	output stringlengths 7 321	bucket stringclasses 6 values	source stringclasses 5 values	reviewed bool 1 class
What is Step 1 of MDMP?		Step 1 is Receipt of Mission. The staff is alerted, gathers planning tools, and receives the commander's initial planning guidance to begin the process.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What happens during Mission Analysis?		Mission Analysis is Step 2. The staff analyze the higher headquarters order, develop a running estimate, define the problem, draft the commander's intent, develop CCIRs, and develop evaluation criteria for later COA comparison.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is COA Development?		COA Development is Step 3. The staff generate courses of action and screen them to ensure they are feasible, acceptable, suitable, distinguishable, and complete before war gaming.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
Which MDMP step is war gaming?		War gaming is Step 4, COA Analysis. Staff visualize each COA through critical events and record strengths and weaknesses without head-to-head comparison of COAs.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
When do staff use a decision matrix?		Staff use a decision matrix during Step 5, COA Comparison, to compare COAs against the evaluation criteria developed during mission analysis.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is Step 6 of MDMP?		Step 6 is COA Approval. The commander selects or modifies the recommended course of action.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is Orders Production?		Orders Production is Step 7. The staff produce the OPORD and supporting products to execute the approved COA.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
List the MDMP steps in order.		1 Receipt of Mission, 2 Mission Analysis, 3 COA Development, 4 COA Analysis (War Gaming), 5 COA Comparison, 6 COA Approval, 7 Orders Production.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the commander's role in MDMP?		The commander drives the process, provides planning guidance, approves evaluation criteria, selects the COA at Step 6, and issues intent that guides all steps.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
When are evaluation criteria first developed?		Evaluation criteria are developed during Mission Analysis (Step 2) and may be refined after war gaming. They should not be invented for the first time at COA comparison.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is Step 3 of MDMP called?		Step 3 is COA Development — generating and screening courses of action.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What step follows war gaming?		COA Comparison (Step 5) follows war gaming (Step 4).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What step precedes Orders Production?		COA Approval (Step 6) precedes Orders Production (Step 7).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
Is Receipt of Mission the same as Mission Analysis?		No. Receipt of Mission is Step 1 — alerting the staff and beginning planning. Mission Analysis is Step 2 — analyzing the problem and developing criteria and intent.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is COA Analysis also called?		COA Analysis is also called war gaming — MDMP Step 4.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
At what step does the commander approve a COA?		The commander approves the COA at Step 6, COA Approval.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is produced in Step 7?		Step 7 produces the OPORD and supporting orders products.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
How many steps are in MDMP?		MDMP has seven steps, from Receipt of Mission through Orders Production.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the purpose of Step 2?		Step 2, Mission Analysis, defines the problem, develops running estimates, drafts intent, develops CCIRs, and establishes evaluation criteria.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the purpose of Step 3?		Step 3, COA Development, creates viable courses of action and screens them before war gaming.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
Can we compare COAs during the war game?		No. During Step 4 war gaming, staff analyze each COA separately and record strengths and weaknesses. Head-to-head COA comparison belongs in Step 5.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What's the difference between Step 4 and Step 5?		Step 4 war games each COA individually. Step 5 compares all COAs against evaluation criteria using a decision matrix or similar tool.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
When should staff rank COAs?		Staff rank or compare COAs systematically in Step 5, not during Step 4 war gaming.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
Is COA Comparison the same as war gaming?		No. War gaming is Step 4 (COA Analysis). COA Comparison is Step 5, where criteria are applied across COAs.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Can we pick a winning COA at the end of Step 4?		The commander selects the COA at Step 6. Step 4 produces analysis; Step 5 produces a comparison recommendation.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What mistake do staffs make between Steps 4 and 5?		A common mistake is comparing or ranking COAs during the war game instead of fighting each COA separately and saving comparison for Step 5.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
Does war gaming replace COA comparison?		No. War gaming (Step 4) informs but does not replace COA comparison (Step 5).	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
When do numeric criterion scores get applied across COAs?		Numeric scores are applied in the Step 5 decision matrix, using inputs derived from Step 4 war-game findings.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
Is Step 5 before or after the commander approves a COA?		Step 5 (COA Comparison) is before Step 6 (COA Approval). The commander approves after comparison.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Define course of action.		A course of action (COA) is a broad potential solution that accomplishes the mission, including scheme of maneuver, main effort, supporting efforts, and key tasks.	glossary	glossary.md	true
Describe commander's intent in MDMP planning.		Commander's intent is a concise expression of the operation's purpose and desired end state, guiding initiative when the plan no longer fits the situation.	glossary	glossary.md	true
What is a decision matrix?		A decision matrix is a tabular comparison of COAs against evaluation criteria, used in Step 5 to support the commander's decision.	glossary	glossary.md	true
What is an OPORD?		An OPORD is an operations order issued after COA approval during Orders Production (Step 7).	glossary	glossary.md	true
What does CCIR stand for?		CCIR stands for commander's critical information requirement — information the commander needs for timely decisions.	glossary	glossary.md	true
What is a running estimate?		A running estimate is a continuous assessment of facts and assumptions affecting the mission, updated throughout MDMP.	glossary	glossary.md	true
What is the main effort?		The main effort is the unit or axis assigned the decisive task and given priority of support.	glossary	glossary.md	true
What tool aligns actions and reactions during war gaming?		A synchronization matrix aligns friendly actions, reactions, and counteractions across time and space during war gaming.	glossary	glossary.md	true
Define COA comparison.		COA comparison is MDMP Step 5 — systematic comparison of courses of action using evaluation criteria after war gaming.	glossary	glossary.md	true
Summarize mission analysis for a staff section.		Mission analysis is MDMP Step 2 — understanding the problem, defining tasks, developing criteria, and drafting intent.	glossary	glossary.md	true
For OBJ FALCON, how should staff compare COA-A Direct Assault and COA-B Double Envelopment on simplicity vs disruption?	Fictional 3rd BCT river crossing scenario.	COA-A Direct Assault typically scores higher on simplicity with a single main axis. COA-B Double Envelopment may achieve greater enemy disruption through flanking but at lower simplicity due to coordination between fixing and enveloping forces. Compare both in Step 5 against the Simplicity and Enemy Disruption criteria...	scenario_coaching	obj_falcon_fictional.md	true
Which fictional COA prioritizes speed to objective in the OBJ FALCON scenario?		COA-C Air Assault Link-up typically offers the highest speed to objective if the air assault secures the far bank and ground link-up occurs within 24 hours, but it carries the highest synchronization risk.	scenario_coaching	obj_falcon_fictional.md	true
Why might COA-E Turning Movement score lower on mission accomplishment for OBJ FALCON?		COA-E bypasses OBJ FALCON to seize the enemy supply hub. It may disrupt the enemy strongly but can score lower on direct mission accomplishment against seizing the river crossing itself.	scenario_coaching	obj_falcon_fictional.md	true
What war-gaming method fits a focused fight at a river crossing?		The box method is often appropriate when focusing on a defined objective area such as a river crossing and town center.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What are the three war-gaming methods?		Belt, avenue-in-depth, and box methods.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What does feasible mean in COA screening?		Feasible means the COA can be accomplished with available resources and time.	coa_screening	coa_screening.md	true
What does distinguishable mean for a COA?		Distinguishable means the COA is meaningfully different from other options, not a cosmetic variant.	coa_screening	coa_screening.md	true
When should COAs be screened with FASDC?		During COA Development (Step 3), before war gaming in Step 4.	coa_screening	coa_screening.md	true
How does COA-D Feint and Main trade off in the fictional scenario?		COA-D uses deception for high enemy disruption and good mission outlook, but feint timing adds synchronization risk and moderate simplicity.	scenario_coaching	obj_falcon_fictional.md	true
Which MDMP step is Receipt of Mission?		Receipt of Mission is Step 1. The staff is alerted, gathers planning tools, and receives the commander's initial planning guidance.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What occurs during Step 1 of MDMP?		Step 1, Receipt of Mission, alerts the staff, gathers planning tools, and issues initial planning guidance to begin MDMP.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is Step 4 of MDMP called?		Step 4 is COA Analysis, also called war gaming. Staff visualize each COA through critical events.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
Identify Step 5 of the military decision-making process.		Step 5 is COA Comparison — comparing all COAs against evaluation criteria using a decision matrix or similar tool.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
During which MDMP step do staff generate courses of action?		Staff generate courses of action during Step 3, COA Development, and screen them before war gaming.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What MDMP step follows COA Comparison?		COA Approval (Step 6) follows COA Comparison (Step 5).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What step comes immediately before COA Development?		Mission Analysis (Step 2) comes before COA Development (Step 3).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
In which step does the staff issue the OPORD?		The staff produce the OPORD during Step 7, Orders Production, after the commander approves a COA at Step 6.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the first step of the military decision-making process?		The first step is Receipt of Mission (Step 1).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the final step of MDMP?		Orders Production (Step 7) is the final step — producing the OPORD and supporting products.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
When do staff develop initial CCIRs?		Staff develop initial CCIRs during Mission Analysis (Step 2).	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is the Army's iterative staff planning methodology?		The Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP) per FM 5-0 / ADP 5-0 — seven steps from Receipt of Mission through Orders Production.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
When does COA screening occur in MDMP?		COA screening occurs during COA Development (Step 3), before war gaming in Step 4.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is Step 2 of MDMP?		Step 2 is Mission Analysis — analyzing the higher HQ order, developing running estimates, drafting intent, CCIRs, and evaluation criteria.	mdmp_steps	mdmp_steps.md	true
May staff use a decision matrix during Step 4?		No. War gaming in Step 4 records findings per COA. The decision matrix is used in Step 5 for systematic comparison against criteria.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Is head-to-head COA comparison allowed during war gaming?		No. Step 4 fights each COA separately. Head-to-head comparison against criteria belongs in Step 5.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
What happens in Step 5 that does not happen in Step 4?		Step 5 compares all COAs against evaluation criteria systematically. Step 4 analyzes each COA individually without ranking or head-to-head comparison.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Can the commander approve a COA during COA Comparison?		No. COA Comparison (Step 5) produces a recommendation. The commander selects or modifies the COA at Step 6, COA Approval.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Should evaluation criteria first appear at Step 5?		No. Evaluation criteria are developed during Mission Analysis (Step 2) and refined after war gaming. They should not be invented for the first time at Step 5.	step_boundaries	coa_screening.md	true
What is wrong with ranking COAs while fighting them in the war game?		Ranking during Step 4 blurs the process and biases narratives before criteria are applied systematically in Step 5.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
Does Step 4 replace the need for a decision matrix?		No. War gaming (Step 4) informs the decision matrix but does not replace COA Comparison (Step 5).	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
When is the final COA selected?		The commander selects or modifies the final COA at Step 6, COA Approval, after staff comparison in Step 5.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What feeds the Step 5 decision matrix?		War-game findings from Step 4 — strengths, weaknesses, synchronization issues, and qualitative or numeric assessments per COA.	step_boundaries	war_gaming.md	true
Can staff compare COAs against criteria during Step 4?		No. Staff record per-COA analysis in Step 4. Systematic comparison against evaluation criteria is Step 5.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What step uses evaluation criteria systematically across all COAs?		COA Comparison (Step 5) applies evaluation criteria across all COAs using a decision matrix or brief.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Is war gaming the same as COA approval?		No. War gaming is Step 4 (COA Analysis). The commander approves a COA at Step 6.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What MDMP step immediately follows COA Analysis?		COA Comparison (Step 5) follows COA Analysis / war gaming (Step 4).	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What step precedes COA Comparison?		COA Analysis / war gaming (Step 4) precedes COA Comparison (Step 5).	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
Where does systematic COA comparison belong in MDMP?		Systematic COA comparison belongs in Step 5, after war gaming is complete.	step_boundaries	mdmp_steps.md	true
What is action-reaction-counteraction?		Action-reaction-counteraction is the sequence recorded in the synchronization matrix during war gaming to visualize how friendly actions, enemy reactions, and friendly counteractions unfold.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
How is a synchronization matrix used in war gaming?		The synchronization matrix aligns friendly actions, enemy reactions, and counteractions across time and space during Step 4 war gaming.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
When should staff use the belt war-gaming method?		Use the belt method to fight the battlefield in sequential belts, often east-west or along operational phases.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
When is the avenue-in-depth method appropriate?		Avenue-in-depth follows a single avenue of approach through critical events — useful when the fight is dominated by one axis.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
When should staff choose the box method for war gaming?		The box method focuses on a defined area — an objective, engagement area, or choke point such as a river crossing.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
How should staff fight COAs during the war game?		Fight one COA at a time (or one friendly COA against one enemy COA in sequence). Do not compare or rank COAs during the war game.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What are typical war-game outputs?		A synchronization matrix, refined COAs, updated evaluation criteria, and a war-game workbook or narrative that feeds the COA comparison brief.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What do staff record per COA during Step 4?		Strengths, weaknesses, advantages, disadvantages, synchronization risk, likely enemy reactions, and refinements for each COA.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Can war gaming refine evaluation criteria?		Yes. Staff refine COAs and evaluation criteria based on war-game findings before Step 5 comparison.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What is COA Analysis in MDMP?		COA Analysis is Step 4 — war gaming. Staff visualize each COA through critical events without head-to-head COA comparison.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Is war gaming Step 4 or Step 5?		War gaming is Step 4 (COA Analysis). Step 5 is COA Comparison.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What is the purpose of war gaming?		To visualize each COA through critical events, identify strengths and weaknesses, capture synchronization issues, and feed Step 5 comparison.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Should staff compare two friendly COAs side by side during the war game?		No. Staff analyze each COA separately in Step 4. Side-by-side comparison belongs in Step 5.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What happens to invalid assumptions during a war game?		Staff update assumptions when the war game reveals invalid premises.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What are decision points in war gaming?		Points where the commander may need to decide or refine the plan based on how the fight unfolds during visualization.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Describe the belt war-gaming method.		The belt method fights the battlefield in sequential belts, progressing through phases or geographic slices.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Describe the avenue-in-depth war-gaming method.		Avenue-in-depth follows one avenue of approach through critical events from start to objective.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What should staff list before starting a war game?		Friendly forces, assumptions, critical events, decision points, and the war-gaming method to use.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
How do war-game findings support Step 5?		Findings become inputs to the decision matrix — narrative assessments or numeric scores per criterion and COA.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Does war gaming include OPORD production?		No. War gaming is Step 4. OPORD production is Step 7 after COA approval.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What visualization happens in MDMP Step 4?		Staff visualize each COA through critical events using action-reaction-counteraction and record results per COA.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
Can numeric scores be derived from war gaming?		Yes. Staff may translate qualitative war-game observations into numeric inputs for the Step 5 decision matrix.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true
What is the difference between war gaming and COA comparison?		War gaming (Step 4) analyzes each COA separately. COA comparison (Step 5) compares all COAs against evaluation criteria.	war_gaming	war_gaming.md	true

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mdmp-staff-planning-pairs

Leak-reviewed instruction-tuning pairs for MDMP staff-planning coaching. Public doctrine summaries and fictional scenarios only — no proprietary algorithms, customer data, or classified content.

Disclaimer: Unofficial educational dataset. Not affiliated with the U.S. Army.

Dataset description

324 human-reviewed {instruction, input, output} pairs for fine-tuning a Mistral-7B instruct model on Military Decision-Making Process vocabulary, step boundaries, and coaching responses.

GitHub source: dlens/mdmp-assistant
Model trained on this data: mistral7b-mdmp-lora

Fields

Field	Description
`instruction`	User question or task prompt
`input`	Extra context (empty string if none)
`output`	Ideal assistant response
`bucket`	Category for balancing (see below)
`source`	Corpus filename the answer is grounded in
`reviewed`	`true` after human leak + doctrine review

Buckets

mdmp_steps — step identification and ordering
step_boundaries — Step 4 vs Step 5 and related traps
glossary — term definitions
war_gaming — methods, synchronization matrix
coa_screening — FASDC, criteria development
scenario_coaching — fictional scenario trade-offs

Example

{"instruction": "What MDMP step is war gaming?", "input": "", "output": "War gaming is Step 4, COA Analysis. Staff visualize each COA through critical events and record strengths and weaknesses without head-to-head COA comparison; comparison belongs in Step 5.", "bucket": "mdmp_steps", "source": "mdmp_steps.md", "reviewed": true}

Leak-review policy

Before inclusion, each pair is checked for:

Customer names, OPNAV, or real unit designations
Proprietary algorithm or product terms
Verbatim golden-eval questions (held out in eval/golden_questions.json on GitHub)

See scripts/leak_review.py.

Usage

import json

pairs = []
with open("pairs.jsonl", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    for line in f:
        if line.strip():
            pairs.append(json.loads(line))

Split into train/eval with scripts/split_data.py (85% / 15%).

License

Apache 2.0

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