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10,120,510 | anchor | Tuesday, January 14, 2014
Capitalism Redefined? .. Not Really
(Commentary posted by Roger Erickson)
Two capitalists list capitalism's flaws ... can't make any plausible suggestions
For Democracy's Sake! Can't these guys just use ANY previously existing chemical system as a precedent model?
How about the trillio... |
36,343,990 | anchor | Skip to content
Reception Tips
In March 2013, KBCS moved its antenna to a new location on Cougar Mountain (near Issaquah.) At 1400 feet above sea level, our signal coverage area has increased over 40%, reaching more than 2.5 million listeners across the Puget Sound. KBCS can now be heard as far east as Fall City, as ... |
36,637,127 | anchor | Skip to main content.
14. Floating Point
Some of the embedded PowerPC processors do not have a floating point unit(FPU), and so must perform all floating point operations in software. Others do have a hardware FPU unit and may perform operations in hardware.
14.1. Software
If your application has very intensive flo... |
16,024,792 | anchor | Now That You’re Dead, What Are You Gonna’ Do With Your Life?
“Let’s pretend I blew up the school… all the schools. Now that you’re dead, what are you gonna’ do with your life?” – J.D. “Heathers”
That line at the end of the movie “Heathers” always resonated with me. I think about it a lot, even now that I’m out of sch... |
63,994,395 | strategy | The National Theatre
The historical building of the National Theatre, constructed in 1883, is generally considered the prime stage in the Czech Republic. It is the flagship of the National Theatre institution, today amounting to four buildings and encompassing four companies. You can see there Opera, Drama and Ballet ... |
35,551,550 | anchor | How Will the Recession Affect the Value of My Business?
Strategy Talks
Podcast Series
How Will the Recession Affect the Value of My Business?
Dean Mullett
Helen Mallovy Hicks
Ken Goodwin
Episode 3: How Will the Recession Affect the Value of My Business?
Release date: Mar. 20, 2009
Hosts: Dean Mullett and Helen Ma... |
60,301,389 | anchor | Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects
Difference Between Soaps and Detergents
detergentsSoaps vs Detergents
Our modern age recognizes the need for proper hygiene for a healthy lifestyle. We use a variety of soaps and detergents to keep our bodies, clothes, dishes, and houses clean. While this obsession with c... |
57,919,522 | anchor | In rare instances where Bluetooth connections fail with™ Mobile App, you might need to reset your BlueTherm One thermometer's saved paired settings.
This document will walk you through the very short process, step-by-step.
Before beginning, ensure your BlueTherm One thermometer is turned off.
1. Press and hold t... |
65,477,799 | strategy | pup named scooby doo
More info i
Credit: Hanna-Barbera
The inside story of how A Pup Named Scooby-Doo took Scooby and the gang in a wacky new direction
Contributed by
May 17, 2020
After over 50 years of solving mysteries and unmasking costumed criminals, Scooby-Doo finally gets to star in his very own fully animated... |
21,514,695 | strategy | Two Key Advantages of A Flipped Classroom
Share this post:
April 23, 2015
Flipped classroom is a learning and teaching trend that is gaining so much in popularity due mainly to the raise of web technologies and the proliferation of web 2.0 tools that facilitate communication and collaboration on a larger scale. And... |
3,521,387 | strategy | MATLAB Answers
How to index a matrix using the ITERATION values of a valArray with non-consecutive numbers?
Asked by Kel
on 3 Jan 2018
Latest activity Commented on by Kel
on 5 Jan 2018
Hi everyone, New to matlab here and I can't seem to find a previous answer to this question.
I'm trying to populate a matrix element... |
84,934,013 | strategy | SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
vol.83 número1 índice de autoresíndice de assuntospesquisa de artigos
Home Pagelista alfabética de periódicos
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
versão On-line ISSN 2224-9435
J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc. vol.83 no.1 Pretoria Jan. 2012
Clinical evaluatio... |
55,845,597 | strategy | Pin It
Mussels may capitalize on buck passing
While SLO and Monterey counties debate who should pay to protect local waters against parasitic mussels, Lake Nacimiento is nearly defenseless
A plague is slowly descending on the lakes, streams, and rivers of the United States, sparking a brutal conflict between govern... |
31,848,278 | strategy | India’s Illiterate Revolution
The United States has long been divided over what it calls “affirmative action,” a system of racial preferences intended to overcome the lingering consequences of slavery and discrimination against black Americans. India is now becoming divided in much the same way, and for much the same ... |
51,191,390 | strategy | Lehigh Valley residents woke to a slippery commute after a winter storm that started Sunday afternoon brought wintery precipitation overnight that lasted into the Monday morning rush.
According to the National Weather Service, freezing rain began to affect the Lehigh Valley starting around 3 a.m. this morning, with th... |
32,493,176 | strategy | polymers Polymers Polymers polymers 2073-4360 MDPI 10.3390/polym5031068 polymers-05-01068 Article Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Properties of a New Donor–Acceptor Polymer Containing 3,4-Dialkoxythiophene and 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole Units Herrera Calderon Erika Dangate Milind Manfredi Norberto Abbotto Alessa... |
75,165,842 | anchor | ‘I’ll sleep when I’m dead’.
My friends coined me the girl who ‘never stops’ because that was my motto. I would get severe cases of FOMO when I wasn’t present for things and felt I could do everything possible if I just sacrificed a few hours of sleep here and there. While studying abroad last semester in the most amaz... |
3,616,044 | strategy | Share this:
Benedict Jimenez 80x108There are nearly 90,000 local governments in the U.S.; each one with its own fiscal and administrative responsibilities. This ‘market’ for local governments means that individuals are often able to base their choice of where to live on differing regimes of tax and service provision, ... |
35,787,693 | anchor | Teaching girls to code | Business| Economy and finance news from a German perspective | DW | 08.03.2018
1. Inhalt
2. Navigation
3. Weitere Inhalte
4. Metanavigation
5. Suche
6. Choose from 30 Languages
Teaching girls to code
Inspired by her experiences as an Afghan woman in a man's world, Fereshteh moved... |
43,007,156 | strategy | Catching Pokemon in the real world brought childhood dreams to life.
I am what you might call a member of the Pokémon generation. I played Pokémon Red on Gameboy Color, I collected the cards, and I definitely watched the television shows and spent what little money I had on checking out the movies. So when plans for P... |
30,382,529 | anchor | Selecting the right sounds for
your music is crucial for 4 reasons:
1. The overall sound of a beat
fundamentally influences its
2. Genres and Subgenres are
fundamentally defined by their
3. Sound triggers emotions.
4. Selecting the right sounds
makes mixing a lot easier.
The first 3 reasons affect... |
8,292,637 | anchor | Question: Which Animal Has The Largest?
The blue whale has the biggest, heaviest mammary glands, but they are by far the most interesting breasts in the animal kingdom.
Which animal has the largest breasts in 5 words?
Mostly, Animals do not have largest breasts. But when it comes to Mammary Glands, the Marine Mammal... |
48,777,060 | anchor | Subject: File No. SR-NASDAQ-2006-040
From: Scott Leslie
Affiliation: President, One Good Call
December 8, 2006
We like NASDAQs proposal. We believe it will enhance competition in the market which is better for our investors and company.
Given the landscape, I believe that by offering companies like ours press releas... |
26,700,772 | strategy | American History
A Drama of Sweep and Majesty
By Wilfred M. McClay
All too many of us who grew up and were educated in the United States were taught, albeit not always consciously, to regard American history as rather thin and provincial gruel, a subject appealing only to intellectually limited people who do not min... |
67,532,513 | strategy | OctoPrint on Ubuntu with systemd
Note, that there is a newer version of this article available.
Most OctoPrint installations out there, will, most likely, run with an ready baked OctoPi image file for the Raspberry Pi. This is obviously the most straight forward approach to get OctoPrint up and running. Still, there ... |
90,727,977 | strategy |
PSC In The News
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Frey comments on why sunbelt metro area economies are still struggling
PSC Fall 2014 Newsletter now available
Jeff Morenoff makes Reuters' Highly Cited Researchers list for 2014
Next Brown Bag
Monday, Nov 3
Melvin Stephens
The Effects of Cohort Size on Marriage Markets in Twe... |
28,265,726 | anchor | toe with wart
31 May Warts
Warts can affect all individuals, but seem to be most prevalent in children and teens. A wart is caused by a virus that infects the skin. The body’s immune system does little to fight off the wart because the wart is mostly within the outer layer of skin which is a “dead” layer. The wart tr... |
21,074,354 | anchor | You are here
College sports teaches life lessons
A USA Today article about scholarships features comments from Jen Hilgenberg, a former women's basketball student-athlete at Villanova University. Hilgenberg runs a customized merchandising business and she credits her participation in college sports as the foundation ... |
37,901,170 | anchor | Autism is a widespread and misunderstood disease. It affects one percent of the population, and grows each year. In the US alone, that’s around 3 million people.
There are lots of theories about why this condition is becoming so common and what causes it. Genetics play a role, but as you know, genes don’t dictate yo... |
Know Your Sources: raw-selected baseline corpora (raw text)
No-rewrite controls for the Know-Your-Sources 1.5B grid. Each corpus trains a model on the same shared 5B anchor and the same selected source documents as a rewritten arm, but keeps those documents in their original, unrewritten form, subsampled at the document level to the same 5B-token strategy budget. Training on these against the rewritten arms separates the effect of rewriting from the effect of source selection.
| folder | rewritten counterpart | strategy half |
|---|---|---|
raw_text/raw_diversity_oriented/ |
diversity_oriented |
original text of the documents the Diversity-Oriented arm rewrote |
raw_text/raw_disagreement_aware/ |
disagreement_aware |
original text of the documents the Disagreement-Aware arm rewrote |
raw_text/raw_random/ |
wrap_inspired |
original text of the uniform random sample the WRAP-Inspired arm rewrote |
raw_text/raw_rewire_inspired/ |
rewire_inspired |
original text of the source documents of the 5B kept by REWIRE's post-rewrite filter |
raw_random is the no-selection reference for wrap_inspired: its sources were drawn uniformly
at random with no quality or diversity criterion, so it is both the no-rewrite control for
wrap_inspired and the reference for what selection adds. raw_rewire_inspired starts from a
random pool too, but its sources are only the documents whose rewrites passed REWIRE's post-rewrite
filter — a selection made after rewriting.
Files
Each raw_text/<setting>/ holds 16 parquet files, part-00000.parquet … part-00015.parquet:
| column | type | meaning |
|---|---|---|
orig_doc_id |
int64 | position of the document in the 100M DCLM-RefinedWeb reservoir sample |
source |
string | anchor (the shared 5B) or strategy (this setting's 5B) |
text |
string | the original document text |
This is the final training corpus, in training order: anchor and strategy documents are already
merged and shuffled; rows follow the exact post-shuffle document order, file by file. Each folder is
about 10B tokens. manifest.json records every count, the expected token total after
tokenization, and the sha256 of every file.
Tokenization is done by the consumer, with tools/kys_raw/tokenize_raw_text.sh from
imHuicongZhang/nanotron (branch huicong-dev),
as described in configs/1.5B-baseline/RUNBOOK.md: 16 datatrove tasks, one </s> per document, no
merging or shuffling, then tools/fix_ds_metadata.py, then a check against the manifest's token total.
How the corpora were built
- Source documents. For each rewritten arm, the
orig_doc_idof every non-anchor row (source_prompt != 'original') of the publishedwytro/Know-Your-Sourcesparquet, deduplicated across the rewriting prompts: the source documents whose rewrites were kept. - Original text. Read from the 100M reservoir sample by position (
orig_doc_id: shardid // 500000, rowid % 500000). No rewritten text is used anywhere. - Token budget rule. Tokens per document =
len(llama2_tokenizer(text, add_special_tokens=False)) + 1(the+1is the end-of-document token). A source set above 5,000,000,000 tokens is cut by taking documents in the order ofnumpy.random.default_rng(42).permutationover the sorted unique ids and keeping the shortest prefix reaching 5B — whole documents only, at most one document of overshoot. At or below 5B it is used as is. The same rule applies to all four settings. - Anchor. The shared 5B anchor — 4,120,164 documents, 5,000,002,332 tokens, the rows with
source_prompt == 'original', identical in every arm — also read from the pool by position. - Shuffle. Anchor and strategy documents shuffled together at the document level with seed 42
by
pp_io.bucketed_shuffle, the same function every published arm was shuffled with. - Leakage checks, all passed before upload: every parquet read in the build code reads text only from the raw pool; all 4,120,164 anchor texts match the pool byte for byte and total exactly 5,000,002,332 tokens; 200 sampled documents per setting match the pool and match none of the rewrites of the same source document; style features (markdown headings and lists, missing URLs/boilerplate) and document lengths sit with the raw pool, not with the rewritten arm.
Code: tools/kys_raw/ (build_raw_sources.py, assemble_raw_corpus.py, verify_raw_corpus.py,
publish_raw_text.py); the exact commit is in manifest.json.
Related
- Tokenizer:
tokenizer/in this repo, the exact llama-2 tokenizer directory the grid was tokenized with (sha256 of each file inmanifest.json,tokenizer.sha256).tokenize_raw_text.shuses<data_root>/tokenizerby default. - Init checkpoints:
wytro/Know-Your-Sources-init,_init_1.5B_seed{42,43,44}/0/, with hash manifests. - Training configs:
configs/1.5B-baseline-seed{42,43,44}/andconfigs/1.5B-baseline/RUNBOOK.mdin the code repo.
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