Datasets:

ayeshag7
/

fineweb-edu-2015-qwen2

date int32 2.02k 2.02k	text stringlengths 188 632k	token_count int32 46 190k
2,015	Previous abstract Next abstract The nearby K dwarf HD 98800 is remarkable for its unusual infrared excess. The radiation between 10 and 100 microns amounts to more than 10 percent of the luminosity of the star, indicating a large disc of cold dust surrounding the star. A visual companion was discovered by Innes in 1909...	378
2,015	Phyllis Curtis of Baltimore said she might not be alive today if she hadn't heard an advertisement on the radio calling for heavy smokers to volunteer to test out lung cancer screening using CT scans. Though Curtis, now 67, ended her 24-year, pack-a-day habit when she was 40 years old, her initial scan, which was done ...	808
2,015	The Nuclear Security Summit is coming to a close, with representatives from all 47 nations present signing off on a communiqué pledging to – within four years — secure and dispose of all vulnerable fissile materials such as highly enriched uranium and separated plutonium that could be used to make nuclear weapons. A co...	350
2,015	Australian Bureau of Statistics 3235.0 - Population by Age and Sex, Regions of Australia, 2011 Quality Declaration Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 31/08/2012 \|Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product\| AGE AND SEX DISTRIBUTION The age distribution of Tasmania's population at June 2011...	1,506
2,015	Formicidae, Hymenoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Animalia Mexico to northern Argentina. Costa Rica: common in lowlands throughout. Pronotum with a well-differentiated median eminence and a pair of dorsolateral (humeral) teeth; petiolar node as seen from the side low and thick, subtriangular, with broadly rounded summit, a...	2,377
2,015	Baby Royal Tern Photograph by Paul Winterman, My Shot Young royal terns, like this one learning to fly on a Florida beach, leave their nests within a day of hatching. They gather with other hatchlings in groups called crèches that can be thousands of birds strong. At feeding time, parents find their chick in the crowd ...	79
2,015	The F8U Crusader was the first carrier-based jet fighter to exceed 1,600 kilometers (1,000 miles) per hour. Its variable-incidence wing, which could elevate up to seven degrees in the front while rotating about its rear spar, helped improve the aircraft's flight characteristics at slow speeds and increase pilot visibil...	1,804
2,015	The invention of the balloon struck the men and women of the late 18th century like a thunderbolt. Enormous crowds gathered in Paris to watch one balloon after another rise above the city rooftops, carrying the first human beings into the air in the closing months of 1783.The excitement quickly spread to other European...	408
2,015	Greetings. At a time when more and more Americans are moving closer to each other, it's amusing to think that the very closest neighbor in our solar system that might support life is Mars. The "Red Planet." Home planet for the often scary and sometimes adorable Martians of science fiction and TV fame. Who can forget th...	735
2,015	Friday Sep 6, 2013 310 San Pedro NE A look at the subject beginning with the recommendation from the Second Continental Congress in 1875 "that it consider the creation of a postal system." Ben Franklin was named as the first Post Master General, and the rest, in part, is history, so to speak with brief notes and excerp...	298
2,015	African agribusiness is set for a huge leap, according to a World Bank report Workers plucking tea from plants growing on a hillside on the Mata tea estate. As Rwanda's biggest export earner, tea is a very important part of the country's development process. Imagine for a moment the impact of a $1 trillion African agri...	2,190
2,015	Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2012 September 6 Explanation: In this serene night skyscape, the Milky Way's graceful arc stretches over prominent peaks in the Italian Alps known a...	278
2,015	The Orchid Keepers As prairie fragments continue to dwindle, dedicated scientists and volunteers brave oppressive heat and humidity to take the future of one of our most exquisite—and imperiled— flowers into their own hands. Kris Lah hops out of his official U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service truck and pulls on his backpac...	4,154
2,015	Submitted to: Grass and Forage Science Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: November 21, 2007 Publication Date: February 9, 2008 Citation: Bartholomew, P.W., Williams, R.D. 2008. Seeding cool-season grasses into unimproved warm-season pasture. Grass and Forage Science. 63:94-106. Interpr...	921
2,015	Submitted to: Book Chapter Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: October 18, 2013 Publication Date: May 12, 2014 Citation: Jansky, S.H., Spooner, D.M., Bethke, P.C. 2014. Potato. In: Diers, B., Specht, J., Carber, B., editors. Yield Gains in Major U.S. Field Crops. Madison, WI:Crop Science Socie...	374
2,015	In one of the more audacious and ethically questionable research projects in recent memory, an anonymous hacker built a botnet of more than 420,000 Internet-connected devices and used it to perform one of the most comprehensive surveys ever to measure the insecurity of the global network. In all, the nine-month scannin...	1,698
2,015	An application processor is a form of system on a chip, or SoC, that typically powers mobile devices or embedded systems. Such processors combine general processing cores with graphics cores, input/output capabilities, and typically contain integrated RAM either on-die or in-package. Application processors include most...	275
2,015	Osteoporosis is often referred to as a silent disease. The associated bone loss usually occurs without symptoms. Since many people mistakenly believe that all medical conditions cause symptoms, they may not see a doctor until the condition is far advanced. In the early stages of osteoporosis, most people don't have sym...	167
2,015	Reading aloud to workers also occurred among immigrant women working in the tobacco factories of in Tampa, Florida. Apparently this sometimes had a politically activist purpose. I came across the following in a review of a Southern Discomfort: Women's Activism in Tampa, Florida, 19880s-1920s, by Nancy Hewitt. Note that...	265
2,015	E. Cobham Brewer 18101897. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898. Mamelukes (2 syl.) or Mamalukes (Arabic, mamluc, a slave). A name given in Egypt to the slaves of the beys brought from the Caucasus, and formed into a standing army. In 1254 these military slaves raised one of their body to the supreme power, and Nouredd...	210
2,015	Prior to the discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Washington state in December 2003, the U.S. beef industry had experienced record beef prices in the second half of 2003. USDA and Livestock Marketing Information Center (LMIC) data show that beef price increases from October 2002 to October 2003 were: ...	1,642
2,015	Feel free to contact us with questions about PBGRs, or to let us know that you’d like to participate in a school visit day or view a student’s exhibition of learning. Following is a list of further resources and information about proficiency-based learning. Research Reports on Proficiencies: 1. New York Performance Ass...	796
2,015	What do Biblical scholars today say about Genesis 1-2? In recent decades, evangelical Biblical scholars have reconsidered non-literal interpretations of Genesis. The Accommodation view of St. Augustine and John Calvin is supported by recent discoveries about ancient cultures. Literature from these cultures shows intere...	197
2,015	The United States Naval Lyceum, 1833-1889Steven Lubar 2 years, 6 months ago In 1852 the New York Times memorably described the Naval Lyceum as an “olla podrida [a Spanish stew] of queer things pining away its sweetness in the desert air of the Brooklyn Naval Yard.” It does seem odd that the Navy Yard had a museum. But ...	1,820
2,015	If you are following the legislative battles in Washington DC over the Farm Bill, the you know one of the most hotly contested issues is the Title IV – Nutrition, dealing with food aid programs, the most famous being “food stamps”. The current name is SNAP – Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. We’re talking big ...	601
2,015	There’s a new phenomenon sweeping China. Back in January on a Chinese web page, a new video made its way from there into the hearts of internet users all across the country, spawning a wave of related items such as cartoons, documentaries and grass-mud horse dolls. The article compares the relative costs and advantages...	361
2,015	Claude Lévi-Strauss (Nov. 28, 1908 – Oct 30, 2009) On Oct 30, 2009, Claude Lévi-Strauss passed away. He left quite a legacy in the world of anthropology. Born in Belgium on November 28, 1908, his family moved to France, where he studied at the university on Paris. During the mid-1930s, he taught at the University of Sa...	417
2,015	These small bulbs of Tulipa biflora, a species native to the Southern Balkans and Southeastern Russia, are to be planted today in Cuxa garden, the only one of our three gardens in which post-medieval plants are grown. The tulip did not reach Europe until the sixteenth century. Photograph by D. Larkin Tulips, spring-blo...	572
2,015	By Christopher Wills The balancing act that keeps ecosystems intact results from interactions, not only among the animals and plants, but also among their many smaller pathogens, parasites, symbionts, and pollinators. Taken together, all these interactions among the visible and invisible world produce an ecological bal...	620
2,015	The music of Bolivia has a long history. Out of all the Andean countries, Bolivia remains perhaps the most culturally linked to the indigenous peoples. Like most of its neighbors, Bolivia was long dominated by Spain and its attendant culture. Even after independence, Bolivian music was largely based on European forms. ...	585
2,015	Technology Adds Spark to Science Education The word “cyberlearning” evokes a lot of different images. It can mean using an augmented reality app on a mobile phone to learn about a city’s history. It can mean working with a remote science lab clear across the world to conduct scientific research about measuring cell pho...	188
2,015	Tonight is Twelfth Night, with the conclusion of the twelve days of Christmas (and coming of the Epiphany celebration) on tomorrow, 6 January. In England, Twelfth Night is a time of celebration with rich food and drink; traditionally, and especially in the Tudor era, it was also a festival of fantasy and role-reversal ...	373
2,015	Science plays an important role in U.S. foreign policy -- and the State Department has a deep bench of scientific and technical experts who work the full range of such issues from climate change to basic research cooperation to pandemic disease detection and protection. But not everyone knows that U.S. embassies often ...	747
2,015	Organic is one label that most consumers are familiar with, but understanding what “organic” really means can help consumers make informed choices. If a product meets these requirements, its label may include a statement like, “Made with organic oats and cranberries.” A more generic statement like, “Made with organic i...	1,151
2,015	Dr. Edythe Weeks, Adjunct Professor of International Relations and coordinator for the MA in IR online program, Department of History, Politics, & International Relations, believes that the process of outer space development has already begun. According to Weeks, now is the time for people to hone their skill sets, tal...	380
2,015	Power was restored today in India, where more than 600 million people had been living without electricity for two days. That's good news, but it's left many Americans wondering whether our own electric grid is vulnerable. Here's the good news: The North American electric grid is not likely to crash in the kind of catas...	910
2,015	Ad Valorem Tax Process Ad valorem tax, more commonly known as property tax, is a large source of revenue for local governments in Georgia. The basis for ad valorem taxation is the fair market value of the property, which is established as of January 1 of each year. The tax is levied on the assessed value of the propert...	3,462
2,015	Chemistry is the science of matter and the changes it undergoes. The science of matter is also addressed by physics, but while physics takes a more general and fundamental approach, chemistry is more specialized, being concerned with the composition, behavior, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes...	144
2,015	The Chronicle of Higher Education. August 5, 2014. People now buy songs, not albums. They read articles, not newspapers. So why not mix and match learning “modules” rather than lock into 12-week university courses? That question is a major theme of a 213-page report released on Monday by a committee at the Massachusett...	1,007
2,015	Climate change means the kind of flooding that disrupted life for thousands of residents and damaged property worth millions of dollars this spring could become more frequent in future. That's one reason provincial officials plan to unveil a sweeping new regulation this fall that will restrict several forms of developm...	130
2,015	Monday, June 15, 2009 Search: dolphin skeleton Why: Dolphin flippers have 5 digits and the nearly the same bone structure as the human hand. Answer: Like this: The More You Know: The ribs of dolphins are delicate and not strongly attached to the spine or to the breastbone. The ribs are said to be "floating." The ones t...	113
2,015	I didn't know what to call it - so I gave the title a fancy name Anyway, I recall seeing a method in a c++ book where you could output a character x amount of times. I know you can do and you'll get *********.Code:string z (10, ''); cout << z << endl; Now say I don't have a string, just an int. How can i do something...	141
2,015	This hypothesis was put forward by Kant, the German philosopher in 1755; and Laplace, the French Mathematician in 1796. It says that the solar system – the earth and the other eight planets and the sun itself has originated from a nebula. The Nebular hypothesis may be summarized as follows. - Originally there was a lar...	277
2,015	Explanations of shifts in Congressional representation among states have often overlooked the effects of international migration on the size, and particularly the distribution of the U.S. population. Some 70 percent of all immigrants have consistently tended to settle in six states: California, New York, Texas, Florida...	3,603
2,015	Commentary: A few comments have been posted about text-only version is available for download. Written 400 B.C.E Translated by Francis Adams The leg consists of two bones, of which the one is much more slender than the other at one part, but not much more slender at another. These are connected together at the foot, an...	151
2,015	What’s a college degree worth these days? Well, how much are you willing to pay? For many, the price of admission to higher education is crippling financial debt. Students of modest means are likely to run into even higher barriers to college access in the near future, as public universities and community colleges, as ...	652
2,015	There’s a gradual, but rising tide of rational, enviro-progressive scientists out there who are committed to solving some of the world’s biggest problems. Many of these problems involve touchy subjects, including ways to reduce poverty while improving or maintaining high standards of living elsewhere, the means for ‘su...	458
2,015	Press Release – National Monuments Benefits Local Communities President’s Designation of Five New National Monuments Benefits Local Communities, Expands the National Conservation Lands March 25, 2013 – The Conservation Lands Foundation applauded today’s designation of five new national monuments by President Obama. “To...	427
2,015	Two murdered journalists for the Africa service of Radio France Internationale, Ghislaine Dupont, 51, and Claude Verlon, 58, might have had a chance. They were abducted on November 2 in Kidal in northern Mali, but the vehicle their captors were driving suddenly broke down, according to news reports. The journalists' re...	1,077

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FineWeb-Edu 2015, Qwen2-7B token counts

93,077,934 documents, 99,999,999,500 Qwen2-7B tokens, prepared for continued pretraining as part of the FinMoE project.

column	type	meaning
`date`	int32	the FineWeb year, 2015
`text`	string	document text, unmodified
`token_count`	int32	Qwen2-7B tokens in `text`

Source

HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu at revision 87f09149ef4734204d70ed1d046ddc9ca3f2b8f9, all 10 CommonCrawl dumps of 2015 (134 shards).

Token counts

Qwen/Qwen2-7B at revision 453ed1575b739b5b03ce3758b23befdb0967f40e, counted on the raw text with add_special_tokens=False and truncation=False. FineWeb-Edu's own token_count column is GPT-2 based and was discarded, not copied.

Selection

The year holds more than the 100B token target. Each document is assigned u, a uniform draw from random.Random(20150101 + shard_index) taken in row order; sorting by u gives a reproducible document-level shuffle. Documents are taken in that order while accumulating actual Qwen2 token counts, stopping before the first document that would exceed the target. Whole documents only. The resulting cutoff is u < 0.919854179101842.

Full details, including package versions, are in processing_metadata.json.

Reproducibility

The scripts that produced this dataset, the ordered source-file list with the rule mapping files to shard_index, the selection settings and cutoff, and the validation output are in reproducibility/.

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