Datasets:

Jainamshahhh
/

agriground

id stringlengths 10 10	prompt stringlengths 13 2.11k	completion stringlengths 157 8.27k	shard stringclasses 3 values	category stringclasses 10 values	license stringclasses 3 values	source stringclasses 3 values
agri-00000	Information about Insect Control in Neem Tree .....?	Start by using cold-pressed neem kernel extract or standardized azadirachtin products as your primary tool for managing sucking pests like aphids, whiteflies, and thrips, as well as young larvae of beetles and caterpillars. Apply these treatments early in the morning or late evening to avoid UV degradation, ensuring yo...	agri_kcc	Biotic Insects	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00001	Yes, I'm particularly concerned about drought resistance and also high yield. We sometimes face water scarcity, so a variety that can withstand dry periods would be ideal.	Start by switching your primary staple to sorghum or pearl millet if your area receives less than 600 mm of rain per season. For maize or wheat, select certified drought-tolerant hybrids labeled as early to medium maturity rather than saving open-pollinated seed. Look for seed labels specifying deep root architecture, ...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00002	My rice crop in Chhattisgarh during kharif season is showing yellowing leaves and stunted growth. What could be causing this and how can I treat it?	Apply a foliar spray of Zinc Sulphate at 5 grams per liter of water mixed with Urea at 10 grams per liter immediately to address the most common causes of yellowing and stunting in Chhattisgarh's Kharif rice. Drain any stagnant water if the field has been submerged for more than 3 days. Inspect the plant bases for silv...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00003	My maize plants in the Karura catchment are showing yellowing leaves during the early growth stage in the unproductive patches of my farm. What can I do to correct this?	Apply 50 kg per acre of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) to the yellowing patches immediately and dig shallow drainage furrows to divert standing water. This addresses the two most common causes of early yellowing in this region: nitrogen starvation and root suffocation from waterlogged soil. 1. Diagnosis Yellowing ...	agri_synth_cot	Crop Inputs	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00004	My watermelon plants in the Northeastern Brazil during the dry season are showing slow growth and yellowing leaves. What can I do to improve their health and growth?	Increase irrigation frequency to daily early morning applications and apply a foliar spray of urea at 1.5 percent concentration immediately. High evaporation rates in the dry season prevent roots from accessing enough water and nitrogen, causing chlorosis and growth stagnation. 1. Diagnosis The combination of slow...	agri_synth_cot	Crop Management	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00005	I'm growing soybeans in southern Ontario during the summer and noticed yellowing leaves with brown spots on the underside. What could be causing this and how should I treat it?	Scout your fields immediately to confirm disease spread and apply a registered foliar fungicide if infection is moving into the upper canopy between the R1 and R3 growth stages. The warm, humid conditions in Southern Ontario during canopy closure favor fungal development, and early infection reduces leaf area and pod s...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00006	I am growing WGL 18011-15 rice in Telangana during the kharif season on clay soil, and my crop is at the maximum tillering stage. How much nitrogen should I apply and when to get the best yield?	Apply 30 kg of actual nitrogen (approximately 65 kg of urea) per hectare immediately, completing the application within the next 3 to 5 days while the crop is at maximum tillering. Dosage and Timing For WGL 18011-15 on clay soils during Kharif, the total nitrogen requirement is typically 100 kg per hectare, split...	agri_synth_cot	Crop Management	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00007	What is the relationship between arsenic and other nutrient concentrations in Boro rice?	Manage phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, and iron fertilization carefully to limit arsenic uptake while maintaining yield in Boro rice. Arsenic accumulation in Boro rice is driven largely by the use of arsenic-contaminated groundwater for irrigation during the dry winter season. Arsenic acts as a chemical mimic of essential...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Crop Inputs	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00008	I have a beech orchard in the plains of northeastern Romania, and I noticed some trees with bark damage and yellowing leaves during the summer. What insects could be causing this, and how can I treat it?	Start by closely inspecting the bark for small round exit holes or white cottony masses, then immediately improve soil moisture around the base of the affected trees. The yellowing leaves and bark damage you see in the plains of northeastern Romania are most likely caused by bark beetles or beech scale attacking trees ...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00009	My soybean crop in the Eastern Gangetic Plains is showing yellowing leaves and stunted growth during the vegetative stage. What could be causing this and how can I treat it?	Clear field drainage immediately and apply a foliar micronutrient spray within 48 hours. Waterlogging and induced nutrient deficiencies are the most common causes of vegetative-stage yellowing and stunting in the Eastern Gangetic Plains. Heavy monsoon rains saturate alluvial soils, suffocating roots and locking up micr...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00010	I'm growing corn in the Great Plains during early summer, and I've noticed an increase in small, pale larvae feeding on the leaves. What can I do to control them effectively?	Scout your field immediately to confirm the pest species and count larvae per plant. If live larvae exceed economic thresholds, apply a labeled insecticide right away while they are still small and exposed on the leaves, preventing them from boring into the stalk where contact sprays cannot reach them. **1. Identifica...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00011	I'm growing tomatoes in Almería during the summer, and my plants are showing yellowing leaves with small holes. What could be causing this and how can I fix it?	Inspect the undersides of the lower leaves immediately for fine webbing, tiny moving specks, or winding tunnels to identify the specific pest. Apply a 2% potassium soap spray (20g per liter of water) in the evening to suppress active pests, and adjust your irrigation to prevent heat stress. Almería's intense summer he...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00012	Question: What are the effects of drought stress on the nutritional quality of maize before and after silage fermentation?	Test drought-stressed maize for nitrate levels and adjust chopping length to improve packing density before ensiling. This immediate step prevents toxicity risks and ensures adequate fermentation despite altered crop chemistry. Pre-Fermentation Impact Drought stress fundamentally shifts the biochemical profile of...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00013	Khaira disease Problem in Paddy Crop...?	Khaira disease in paddy is a physiological disorder caused strictly by zinc deficiency, not by a fungus, bacterium, or virus. You must treat it immediately by applying zinc sulfate to the soil or foliage, as waiting will permanently stunt the crop and slash your yield. Definition Khaira is the local name for zinc ...	agri_kcc	Crop Inputs	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00014	Fruit fly in Bitter gourd?	Yes, fruit flies are a major and very common pest in bitter gourd, often causing more economic damage than any other insect if left unmanaged. In tropical conditions, the melon fruit fly and the oriental fruit fly specifically target cucurbits, and bitter gourd's thin skin and rapid growth make it an ideal host. You wi...	agri_kcc	Biotic Diseases	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00015	Fertilizer dose per acre-?	Start by pulling current soil test results before applying any fertilizer, as there is no universal dose per acre. The correct rate depends entirely on your soil nutrient levels, your target yield, and the specific crop you are growing. Use those results alongside your realistic yield goal to calculate specific nutrien...	agri_kcc	Crop Inputs	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00016	I'm growing soybeans in central Illinois during late July, and I've noticed some plants with yellowing leaves and small, dark spots on the pods. What could be causing this and how should I handle it?	Scout your fields within the next 48 hours to confirm the presence of fungal structures on the stems and pods, then apply a fungicide if disease is active in the upper canopy and the crop is at the R3 to R4 growth stage. This timing is critical for protecting pod fill. The combination of yellowing leaves and dark pod s...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00017	What were the specific conditions used in the extrusion experiments to test the stabilization of rice bran?	Set your extruder to a temperature range of 130°C to 150°C and maintain moisture at 20% to stop rice bran from going rancid. This approach works because high thermal energy denatures lipase enzymes, which are the primary cause of oil degradation in rice bran. Proper moisture levels act as a lubricant and heat transfer...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Crop Management	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00018	Question: What implications do the findings have for biological control strategies using Chelonus insularis?	Integrate Chelonus insularis as a core component of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program rather than relying on it as a standalone solution. To maximize effectiveness, combine augmentative releases of the wasp with habitat conservation and a strict reduction in broad-spectrum insecticide use. **Strategic Effe...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Crop Management	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00019	ASKING FOR SERPENTINE LEAF MINER MANAGEMENT IN TOMATO?	Start by confirming the pest is actually Serpentine Leaf Miner and not a look-alike like the vegetable leaf miner or damage from other causes, then immediately release parasitic wasps if you are in a greenhouse or have early detection in the field, while removing heavily infested leaves to drop the population before co...	agri_kcc	Crop Management	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00020	My maize crop in the Sierra de Lobos region is showing yellowing leaves during the tasseling stage, and I suspect it might be due to insect infestation. What should I do?	Walk the field today to confirm whether the yellowing is caused by insects, nitrogen deficiency, or water stress before applying any treatment. Yellowing at tasseling is most often due to nitrogen shortage or water stress rather than insects, and spraying pesticides without confirmed pest presence wastes money and kill...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00021	My cotton crop in the Yaqui Valley is showing yellowing leaves and reduced boll formation during the early flowering stage. What could be causing this, and how can I address it?	Adjust irrigation scheduling immediately to prevent waterlogging and apply a foliar nitrogen supplement within the next 48 hours. Scout the undersides of leaves for whiteflies and aphids before sunset. Yellowing during early flowering typically indicates nitrogen mobilization from older leaves to support boll developm...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00022	What is rice sheath rot and what are its primary symptoms?	Rice sheath rot is a fungal disease caused primarily by Sarocladium oryzae (formerly Acrocylindrium oryzae) that attacks the flag leaf sheath, directly compromising grain filling and often preventing the panicle from emerging correctly. This infection typically strikes during the booting to heading stages, especial...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00023	What role does fish mobility play in the rice-fish farming system according to the study?	Manage water depth and field structure to ensure fish move freely throughout the paddy, because this mobility drives pest control, weed suppression, nutrient cycling, and soil oxygenation. When fish roam actively across the submerged soil and through the rice hills, they physically disturb the sediment and consume biol...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Crop Management	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00024	My Debao ponies in Debao County are showing signs of coughing and loss of appetite during the spring season. What can I do to treat this and prevent it from spreading?	Isolate the coughing ponies from the healthy herd immediately and move them to a dry, well-ventilated shelter away from wind and rain. Spring in Debao County brings fluctuating temperatures and high humidity, which weaken respiratory defenses and allow pathogens to thrive, making quick isolation the most effective firs...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00025	My chilli plants in central India are showing dark, sunken lesions on the fruits during the monsoon season. What can I do to control this?	Remove all infected fruits from the plants and ground immediately, then apply a protective fungicide spray like Copper Oxychloride or Mancozeb within 24 hours. This stops the fungal spores from spreading to healthy fruits via rain splash and wind. High humidity during the monsoon allows the disease to move rapidly, so ...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00026	My moringa plants in Tamil Nadu are showing yellowing leaves and stunted growth during the monsoon season. What could be causing this and how can I treat it?	Open drainage channels around your field immediately to remove standing water, and drench the root zone with Carbendazim 50% WP at 2 grams per liter of water. Waterlogging during the monsoon suffocates moringa's taproot system and invites fungal pathogens that block nutrient uptake. Draining excess water restores oxyge...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00027	I'm growing soybeans in central Iowa during the R3 growth stage and noticed yellowing leaves with irregular brown spots. What should I do?	Get into the field today to scout the lower canopy and dig up plants to inspect root health. R3 is the critical window for pod retention, so protecting healthy leaf area now directly influences seed fill and final bushels per acre. Early diagnosis distinguishes between treatable fungal issues and management-only issues...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00028	I grow soybeans in the Pannonian Basin during summer, and my fields are flooded in early July. I noticed some floating weeds like watermilfoil and cattails taking over the water. How can I manage these weeds without harming my soybean crop?	Prioritize immediate water removal. You must drain the field within 24 to 48 hours to prevent root asphyxiation and permanent yield loss. Soybeans cannot survive prolonged submersion during early flowering, and the presence of aquatic weeds indicates the water depth and duration are already critical for crop survival. ...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Weeds	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00029	Question: What is the primary cause of jackfruit-bronzing disease and how does it affect the fruit?	Inspect your young fruit immediately for thrips and mites while checking your soil nutrition status for boron deficiency. Jackfruit bronzing is primarily caused by pest feeding damage and nutrient imbalances rather than a specific viral or fungal pathogen. Primary Cause The condition commonly called jackfruit bron...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00030	asked about the seed treatment of the bengal gram?	Start by selecting clean, disease-free seeds and treating them with a combination of a fungicide and a bio-inoculant just before sowing to protect against soil-borne pathogens and ensure strong nodulation. For every 10 kilograms of Bengal gram seed, mix 20 to 25 grams of Carbendazim or Thiram (50% WP) with a small amou...	agri_kcc	Biotic Insects	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00031	Plant protection measures fungus control in brinjal crop?	Start by scouting your brinjal field every three days, focusing on the lower leaves and stems where moisture lingers. Remove any yellowing or spotted leaves immediately and destroy them away from the field to stop spores from spreading. Apply a protective fungicide like Mancozeb at 2 grams per liter of water as soon as...	agri_kcc	Biotic Insects	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00032	I'm growing soybeans in central Illinois during early July, and my soil is clay loam. I noticed some yellowing in the lower leaves. Can I apply ammonium sulfate as a foliar spray to correct the deficiency?	No, do not apply ammonium sulfate as a foliar spray to correct this issue. This approach carries a high risk of leaf burn and is unlikely to address the root cause of the yellowing. Diagnosis Yellowing on the lower, older leaves indicates a mobile nutrient deficiency because the plant is translocating nutrients fr...	agri_synth_cot	Crop Inputs	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00033	Asked about doses of fertilizer for two years old coconut plant?	Apply a total of 300 grams of Nitrogen, 150 grams of Phosphorus, and 300 grams of Potash per palm for the entire year, split into two equal doses applied during the onset of the Southwest monsoon in June and again in September before the rains taper off. Since your palms are two years old, they are transitioning from e...	agri_kcc	Crop Inputs	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00034	My sheep in western Kenya are losing weight and showing signs of weakness after grazing in a new area with tall shrubs. What plant could be causing this and how can I prevent it?	Move the sheep out of the new grazing area immediately and isolate the weakest animals in a shaded shelter with clean water and dry hay. This stops further toxin intake, reduces stress on the liver and digestive system, and prevents trampling. Weight loss and weakness after grazing shrubland in western Kenya strongly p...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Diseases	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00035	I'm growing cotton in southern Alabama and noticed a lot of stink bug activity in my fields during early July. The plants are in the square formation stage, and I'm seeing some browning and shriveling of the squares. What should I do?	Confirm the true cause of square damage before spraying. While stink bugs are present, the browning and shriveling of squares is a classic symptom of plant bug feeding. Stink bugs typically target developing bolls rather than squares. You must distinguish between normal physiological shed, which can reach 10 to 20 perc...	agri_synth_cot	Biotic Insects	CC-BY-4.0	qwen3-14b
agri-00036	How did the FACE system operate to maintain elevated CO2 levels during the rice growth season?	To maintain elevated carbon dioxide levels during the rice growth season, a FACE system uses a circular ring of vertical vent pipes and a computer-controlled feedback loop to release pure CO2 into the open air without enclosing the crop. This allows the rice to grow under natural sunlight, rain, and pests while experie...	agri_crop_ai4agr	Crop Management	CC-BY-NC-4.0	ai4agr_crop
agri-00037	Farmer needs information regarding control of Bacterial wilt in Tomato ?	Immediate Action Plan If you see sudden wilting in your tomato field, stop irrigation immediately in the affected zone and pull up symptomatic plants today. Do not try to cure infected plants with chemicals; there is no effective spray that will save a tomato plant once bacterial wilt has taken hold. Your priority ...	agri_kcc	Biotic Diseases	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin
agri-00038	Farmer needs information regarding weather information for shivpuri district Madhya pradesh state?	Hold off on any non-essential field operations like spraying or heavy tillage today, July 17, and keep your drainage channels clear. While the morning may start partly cloudy with temperatures climbing to about 32°C, the atmosphere is unstable with high humidity, creating a significant risk of late-afternoon or evening...	agri_kcc	Crop Management	GODL-India	kcc_datagovin

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AgriGround: Agronomic Advisory Instruction Set (26,032 examples)

A provenance-tracked agronomic advisory instruction set for training small open models to give practical, crop-safe farm advice. Co-optimized with Adaptive Data (Adaption Labs) and used to train AgriReason-4B (a LoRA adaptation of Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B). On a held-out slice of this distribution, AgriReason is preferred 89.0% (tie-allowed) / 92.4% (forced-choice) over its base in blind pairwise judging. See the model card for the full evaluation protocol.

TL;DR (quality at a glance)

26,032 rows, every row tagged with shard, license, source, and category (full provenance).
Crop-safety gated: advice recommending a product that would injure the stated crop is rejected by a rule-based gate (expert spot-audited).
Weak-category weighted (~80%): deliberately concentrated where Day-0 measurement showed base models weakest (weeds, insects, disease, inputs, management), not on easy categories.
Decontaminated against public agronomy benchmarks (no shared 8-grams); deduplicated (MinHash).
Open-licensed sources only (FAO AGRIS, India Kisan Call Centre, AI4Agr CROP, USDA public-domain); no raw web scraping. Multi-license compilation, per-row license preserved.
Proven: the model trained on this set beats its base 89%/92.4% on held-out data (blind).
Live demo: https://huggingface.co/spaces/Jainamshahhh/agrireason-demo

Design principles

Weak-category weighted (~80%). Biotic weeds/insects/diseases, crop inputs, and crop management, where Day-0 measurement showed base models weakest, dominate the set; abiotic soil/harvest/weather (base strengths) are downsampled.
Crop-safety gated. A rule-based gate rejects advice recommending a product for a crop it would injure (for example graminicides over cereals, unqualified glyphosate over a standing conventional crop, imidazolinone herbicides outside tolerant crops). Verified by expert spot-audit.
Decontaminated. No row shares an 8-gram (or high 4-gram overlap) with the AgReason evaluation set, which is used only as an external anchor.
Fully attributed. Every row carries shard, license, and source.

Composition (26,032 rows)

Shard	n	Role	Source	License
`agri_synth_cot`	12,312	Grounded advisory reasoning (scenario + chain-of-thought + recommendation)	Generated by `Qwen/Qwen3-14B`, grounded in FAO AGRIS (CC-BY-4.0) and USDA extension (public domain) passages	CC-BY-4.0 / public-domain
`agri_kcc`	8,582	Real farmer Q&A (India Kisan Call Center), register-normalized	data.gov.in Kisan Call Center	GODL-India
`agri_crop_ai4agr`	5,138	Crop QA (rice/corn), English subset	AI4Agr CROP-dataset	CC-BY-NC-4.0

Category mix (weak categories in bold): Biotic Diseases 6,231, Crop Inputs 4,689, Crop Management 4,666, Biotic Insects 4,312, Abiotic Weather 2,036, Abiotic Harvest 1,946, Plant/Seed Health 818, Biotic Weeds 720, Abiotic Soil 515, Cover Crop 99. Weak-category share ~80%.

Training subset. AgriReason-4B was trained on a quality-curated 19,500-row subset (all agri_synth_cot + all agri_crop_ai4agr + the richest, category-balanced 2,050 agri_kcc rows). The full 26,032-row set is released here.

Schema

{"id": "...", "prompt": "...", "completion": "...", "shard": "agri_synth_cot", "category": "...", "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "source": "qwen3-14b"}

prompt/completion are the Adaptive-Data-enhanced advisory pairs used in training (original farmer-style prompt mapped to the enhanced expert answer).

Licensing

Overall: CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0 (the most restrictive component governs the compilation; the CROP shard is CC-BY-NC-4.0). This is a multi-license compilation; each row keeps its own license field. Re-distributors must preserve the per-row provenance and the attributions below.

Curation methodology

Open-licensed sources only (no raw web scraping): FAO AGRIS ODS, India KCC (GODL), AI4Agr CROP, USDA public-domain extension bulletins.
Grounded synthetic generation: an open-weights model (Qwen/Qwen3-14B) writes AgReason-style scenario questions (crop + region/season/symptom), chain-of-thought, and a concrete recommendation, grounded in a source passage. Answers stay within the passage; a fabrication guard rejects invented numbers.
Quality + safety gates: length, anti-hedging, crop-safety, on-topic (drops academic/scheme/ garbled text), English-language, then AgReason decontamination and MinHash dedup.
Adaptive Data co-optimization under an agronomy-advisor blueprint (direct actionable advice, crop-safe, no hedging), with hallucination mitigation on.

Intended use & limitations

Instruction-tuning small models for agronomic advisory. The agri_kcc shard includes real farmer-advisory exchanges that answered time- and place-specific questions (local weather, market prices); models trained on it may reproduce such confident-but-unverifiable answers, so downstream users should gate or filter those. Not a substitute for local extension services or product labels. The synthetic and KCC shards are silver-standard. AgReason evaluation items are excluded from training.

Author: Jainam Shah. Built with Adaptive Data (Adaption Labs). Attribution: FAO AGRIS, India Kisan Call Center (data.gov.in, GODL), AI4Agr CROP-dataset, USDA National Agricultural Library.

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