Maithili Causal Language Model (109.5M)

A decoder-only transformer pretrained from scratch on the Maithili language corpus.

Architecture

Component Detail
Type Decoder-only causal transformer
Parameters ~109.5M
Layers 12
Hidden dim 768
Attention heads 12
Head dim 64
Position encoding RoPE (Rotary Position Embedding)
Normalization RMSNorm
Feed-forward SwiGLU
Vocab size 32,000
Max sequence length 1024
Tokenizer Byte-level BPE (purpose-built for Maithili)

Training

Detail Value
Training data AiventraLab/maithili-corpus (Maithili gold corpus)
Total training tokens ~983,040,000
Steps 30000
Effective batch size 32,768 tokens
Precision fp16 mixed precision
Optimizer AdamW (betas=0.9/0.95, weight_decay=0.1)
LR schedule Cosine with linear warmup (500 steps)
Peak LR 3e-4
Gradient checkpointing Yes
Hardware 1x NVIDIA T4 (16GB)

Evaluation

Metric Value
Final validation loss 3.1215
Final validation perplexity 22.68

Validation Loss Over Training

[EVAL] step 26000: val_loss=3.1731, val_ppl=23.88 [EVAL] step 27000: val_loss=3.2049, val_ppl=24.65 [EVAL] step 28000: val_loss=3.2059, val_ppl=24.68 [EVAL] step 29000: val_loss=3.2060, val_ppl=24.68 [EVAL] step 30000: val_loss=3.1897, val_ppl=24.28

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Dataset used to train kamal-018/maithili-clm-124m