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The dataset viewer is not available for this split.
Cannot load the dataset split (in streaming mode) to extract the first rows.
Error code:   StreamingRowsError
Exception:    ArrowInvalid
Message:      Mismatching child array lengths
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 147, in get_rows_or_raise
                  return get_rows(
                      dataset=dataset,
                  ...<4 lines>...
                      column_names=column_names,
                  )
                File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
                  return func(*args, **kwargs)
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 127, in get_rows
                  rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(safe_iter(ds, dataset=dataset), rows_max_number + 1))
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 483, in safe_iter
                  yield from ds.decode(False) if ds.features else ds
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2840, in __iter__
                  for key, example in ex_iterable:
                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2373, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2398, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 536, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 419, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 83, in _generate_tables
                  pa_table = _recursive_load_arrays(h5, self.info.features, start, end)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 269, in _recursive_load_arrays
                  arr = _recursive_load_arrays(dset, features[path], start, end)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/hdf5/hdf5.py", line 290, in _recursive_load_arrays
                  sarr = pa.StructArray.from_arrays(values, names=keys)
                File "pyarrow/array.pxi", line 4304, in pyarrow.lib.StructArray.from_arrays
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 155, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 92, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
                  raise convert_status(status)
              pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Mismatching child array lengths

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BulkGPT Benchmark Data

Benchmark datasets for the BulkGPT multi-foundation-model deconvolution benchmark: 42 datasets (30 pseudo-bulk + 12 real-bulk) in a unified H5 format. Companion code: RainyEricYe/bulkgpt-deconvolution-benchmark.

Contents

1_pseudo_bulk/ — 30 synthetic pseudo-bulk datasets (30 files)

Generated by aggregating single-cell RNA-seq references into pseudo-bulk mixtures with Dirichlet-sampled proportions and known ground truth.

Subdirectory # Datasets Source
cellxgene/ 10 CELLxGENE tissues (Liver, Heart, Brain regions, etc.)
tabula_sapiens/ 20 Tabula Sapiens consortium organs

2_real_bulk/ — 12 real-bulk validation datasets (24 files)

Real bulk RNA-seq cohorts with ground-truth cell-type proportions (12 H5 + 12 *_gt.csv).

Dataset Notes
sdy67 Purified PBMC mixtures (ImmPort SDY67)
sweetwater PBMC, FACS-sorted ground truth
huuki_myers DLPFC brain tissue
demixsc_retina Retina
altman_Arunachalam, altman_Hao, altman_TabulaSapiens PBMC cohorts (Altman et al.)
finotello_Hao, hoek_Hao, hoek_purified_Hao, linsley_purified_Hao, morandini_Hao Hao et al. cohorts

H5 Canonical Format

All H5 files follow a single convention (row-major):

bulk/values:           (n_samples, n_genes)                — bulk expression
bulk/rownames:          genes
bulk/colnames:          sample IDs

singleCellExpr/values: (n_cells, n_genes)                  — scRNA-seq reference
singleCellExpr/rownames: genes
singleCellExpr/colnames: cell barcodes
singleCellLabels/values: (n_cells,)                       — cell type per cell

ground_truth/values:   (n_types, n_samples)               — real-bulk GT (2_real_bulk)
bulkRatio/values:      (n_samples, n_types)               — pseudo-bulk GT (1_pseudo_bulk)

R note: R's h5read transposes 2-D arrays. Methods using DeconUtils::getArgs handle this automatically; see fixed_scripts/ in the code repo for patches.

Usage

pip install huggingface_hub

# Download all data (~10 GB)
huggingface-cli download yeruihku/bulkgpt-data --repo-type dataset --local-dir data

# Or via the code repo's helper script (also supports split selection)
git clone https://github.com/RainyEricYe/bulkgpt-deconvolution-benchmark.git
cd bulkgpt-deconvolution-benchmark
bash data/download_data.sh            # all
bash data/download_data.sh real       # real-bulk only
bash data/download_data.sh pseudo     # pseudo-bulk only

Load in Python:

from core.data_loader import load_data   # from the code repo

bundle = load_data("data/2_real_bulk/sdy67.h5")
bundle.bulk    # (250 samples × 17,387 genes)
bundle.sc_ref  # single-cell reference (AnnData)
bundle.gt      # ground-truth proportions

Citation

@software{bulkgpt2026,
  author = {Ye, Rui},
  title = {Multi-Foundation Model Benchmark for Bulk RNA-seq Deconvolution},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://github.com/RainyEricYe/bulkgpt-deconvolution-benchmark}
}

License

CC BY 4.0. Source datasets are public (CELLxGENE, Tabula Sapiens, GEO, ImmPort).

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