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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F1.jpg | What is the uptake pattern in the breast? | Focal uptake pattern | Focal uptake pattern | Diffuse uptake pattern | No uptake pattern | Cannot determine from the information given | A | 1 | 441 | qa | 878 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the uptake pattern in the breast?\nChoices: A: Focal uptake pattern\nC: No uptake pattern\nD: Cannot determine from the i... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F1.jpg"
] | 0 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F2.jpg | What radiological technique was used to confirm the diagnosis? | Mammography | Mammography | CT Scan | MRI | X-ray | A | 1 | 294 | qa | 665 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What radiological technique was used to confirm the diagnosis?\nChoices: A: Mammography\nC: MRI\nD: X-ray\nB: CT Scan",
"role":... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F2.jpg"
] | 1 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F4.jpg | Where were the microcalcifications located in the mammography image? | Behind the nipple | Above the nipple | Behind the nipple | Below the nipple | Around the nipple | B | 1 | 252 | qa | 668 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Where were the microcalcifications located in the mammography image?\nChoices: D: Around the nipple\nC: Below the nipple\nB: Behind the ni... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F4.jpg"
] | 2 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F6.jpg | What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the upper row of the image? | 99mTc-(V)DMSA | 99mTc-MIBI | Fludeoxyglucose | 99mTc-(V)DMSA | F-18 Sodium Fluoride | C | 1 | 441 | qa | 878 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the upper row of the image?\nChoices: D: F-18 Sodium Fluoride\nC... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F6.jpg"
] | 3 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F6.jpg | What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the bottom row of the image? | 99mTc-MIBI | 99mTc-MIBI | 99mTc-(V)DMSA | F-18 Sodium Fluoride | Fludeoxyglucose | A | 1 | 441 | qa | 883 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the bottom row of the image?\nChoices: A: 99mTc-MIBI\nD: ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F6.jpg"
] | 4 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F7.jpg | Which of the following imaging techniques have been used in the study of the patient? | MRI | CT scan | MRI | X-ray | 99mTc-(V)DMSA autoradiogram | B | 1 | 108 | qa | 522 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which of the following imaging techniques have been used in the study of the patient?\nChoices: C: X-ray\nD: 99mTc-(V)D... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064097_F7.jpg"
] | 5 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064098_F2.jpg | What is the magnification of the images in the figure and what is the scale bar? | 400x magnification, scale bar 50 μm. | 200x magnification, scale bar 25 μm. | 400x magnification, scale bar 50 μm. | 600x magnification, scale bar 75 μm. | 800x magnification, scale bar 100 μm. | B | 1 | 324 | qa | 704 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the magnification of the images in the figure and what is the scale bar?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064098_F2.jpg"
] | 6 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064136_F2.jpg | Which technique was used to obtain the image of the immunohistochemical reaction in panel (b)? | DNA sequencing | Transcription PCR | Laser scanning confocal microscopy | Western blotting. | DNA sequencing | D | 1 | 231 | qa | 705 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which technique was used to obtain the image of the immunohistochemical reaction in panel (b)?\nChoices: C: Western blo... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1064136_F2.jpg"
] | 7 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065025_F1.jpg | What did the CT scan show? | Cerebral edema | Normal brain structures | Intracranial hemorrhage | Skull fracture | Cerebral edema | D | 1 | 483 | qa | 862 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What did the CT scan show?\nChoices: B: Intracranial hemorrhage\nC: Skull fracture\nD: Cerebral edema\nA: Normal brain structures",
"r... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065025_F1.jpg"
] | 8 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065025_F3.jpg | What does the chest X-ray film of the girl show? | Normal lungs | Unilateral infiltrations of the lung. | Normal lungs | Increasing bilateral infiltrations of the lung. | Non-infiltrated bilateral lung. | B | 1 | 336 | qa | 648 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What does the chest X-ray film of the girl show?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Normal lungs",
"role": ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065025_F3.jpg"
] | 9 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065049_F1.jpg | What pathology is present in the specimen? | rhabdomyolysis | rhabdomyolysis | compartment syndrome | acute necrotizing myopathy | central core disease | A | 1 | 294 | qa | 695 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What pathology is present in the specimen?\nChoices: C: acute necrotizing myopathy\nA: rhabdomyolysis\nB: compartment syndrome\nD: central... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065049_F1.jpg"
] | 10 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065321_F6.jpg | What did the H&E-stain histology of the right wrist show? | Increase of polymorphonuclear cell infiltration | No remarkable swelling | Increase of macrophage-positive cell infiltration | Increase of polymorphonuclear cell infiltration | Normal cell infiltration in subsynovial tissues | C | 1 | 252 | qa | 795 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What did the H&E-stain histology of the right wrist show?\nChoices: D: Normal cell infiltration in subsynovial tissues\nB: Increa... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065321_F6.jpg"
] | 11 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F2.jpg | What is the reason for the darker grayscale on the OCT image of the cartilage? | Higher light intensity | Higher light intensity | Higher presence of blood vessels | Presence of a higher amount of collagen | Birefringent light. | A | 1 | 270 | qa | 754 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the reason for the darker grayscale on the OCT image of the cartilage?\nChoices: A: Higher light intensity\nC: Presence of ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F2.jpg"
] | 12 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F2.jpg | What is the general appearance of the articular cartilage on the OCT image? | Thick and uniform | Thin and uniform. | Thin and patchy | Thick and patchy | Thick and uniform | D | 1 | 270 | qa | 616 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the general appearance of the articular cartilage on the OCT image?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content":... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F2.jpg"
] | 13 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F6.jpg | Which parts of the leg are imaged in this picture? | Femur and patella | Fibula and tibia | Pelvis and femur | Tibia and patella | Femur and patella | D | 1 | 525 | qa | 930 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which parts of the leg are imaged in this picture?\nChoices: C: Tibia and patella\nB: Pelvis and femur\nA: Fibula and tibia\nD: Fem... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F6.jpg"
] | 14 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F6.jpg | What is the condition of the tissue on the right portion of each image? | Diseased tissue | Normal tissue | Undetermined tissue | Diseased tissue | Scarred tissue | C | 1 | 525 | qa | 956 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the condition of the tissue on the right portion of each image?\nChoices: A: Normal tissue\nB: Undetermined tis... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1065329_F6.jpg"
] | 15 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1074811_pbio-0030127-g003.jpg | What do the heavy black arrows indicate in the diagram? | Eastward motion of the anomalies. | Eastward motion of the anomalies. | Westward motion of the anomalies. | Vertical motion of the anomalies. | No communication between the circumpolar current and the more northerly subtropical gyres. | A | 1 | 264 | qa | 815 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the heavy black arrows indicate in the diagram?\nChoices: D: No communication between the circumpolar current and the mor... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1074811_pbio-0030127-g003.jpg"
] | 16 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079822_F2.jpg | What does the arrow in panel D point to? | DA2. | Debris. | Embryo. | Non-viable cells. | DA2. | D | 1 | 294 | qa | 651 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the arrow in panel D point to?\nChoices: B: Embryo.\nC: Non-viable cells.\nD: DA2.\nA: Debris.",
"role": "user"... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079822_F2.jpg"
] | 17 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F1.jpg | What is the name of the tetrad in the image? | S. cerevisiae | D. radiodurans R1 | C. albicans | E. coli | S. cerevisiae | D | 1 | 357 | qa | 740 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the name of the tetrad in the image?\nChoices: D: S. cerevisiae\nC: E. coli\nB: C. albicans\nA: D. radiodurans R1",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F1.jpg"
] | 18 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F10.jpg | How are the images arranged in the figure? | Left to right within each row, and top to bottom of rows | Right to left within each row, and top to bottom of rows | Left to right within each row, and top to bottom of rows | Left to right within each row, and bottom to top of rows | Right to left within each row, and bottom to top of rows | B | 1 | 189 | qa | 789 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: How are the images arranged in the figure?\nChoices: D: Right to left within each row, and bottom to top of rows\nC: Left to ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F10.jpg"
] | 19 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F5.jpg | What kind of structure is shown in the optical sections? | Bacteria | Fungi | Bacteria | Protozoa | None of the above | B | 1 | 340 | qa | 658 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What kind of structure is shown in the optical sections?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Bacteria",
"r... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F5.jpg"
] | 20 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F6.jpg | What is being shown in the figure from left to right? | Both A and B | Both A and B | Rows within the figure | Images within a row | None of the above | A | 1 | 420 | qa | 833 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is being shown in the figure from left to right?\nChoices: C: Images within a row\nA: Both A and B\nB: Rows within the f... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079854_F6.jpg"
] | 21 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F1.jpg | What type of fracture is visible on the radiograph? | Medial condyle | Distal radius | Lateral condyle | Proximal phalanx | Medial condyle | D | 1 | 630 | qa | 940 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What type of fracture is visible on the radiograph?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Medial condyle",
"role": "a... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F1.jpg"
] | 22 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F1.jpg | What type of view is the radiograph displaying? | Anteroposterior | Anteroposterior | Lateral | Oblique | Inferosuperior | A | 1 | 630 | qa | 944 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What type of view is the radiograph displaying?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Anteroposterior",
"role"... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F1.jpg"
] | 23 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F2.jpg | What is the position of the elbow in the radiograph? | Lateral | Supine | Prone | Lateral | Anterior | C | 1 | 630 | qa | 989 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the position of the elbow in the radiograph?\nChoices: B: Prone\nA: Supine\nD: Anterior\nC: Lateral",
"role": "user"
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079861_F2.jpg"
] | 24 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079865_F2.jpg | Which imaging technique was used to obtain this image? | MRI scan | CT scan | PET scan | MRI scan | Ultrasound | C | 1 | 63 | qa | 379 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: Which imaging technique was used to obtain this image?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "MRI scan",
"rol... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079865_F2.jpg"
] | 25 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F2.jpg | Which muscle is represented by label A? | Anal canal mucosa | The internal anal sphincter muscle | The external anal sphincter muscle (levator ani muscle) | Rectum. | Anal canal mucosa | D | 1 | 441 | qa | 882 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which muscle is represented by label A?\nChoices: D: Anal canal mucosa\nA: The internal anal sphincter muscle\nC: Rectum.\nB: The e... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F2.jpg"
] | 26 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F2.jpg | What is represented by label D? | Rectum. | The internal anal sphincter muscle | Rectum. | Anal canal mucosa | The external anal sphincter muscle (levator ani muscle) | B | 1 | 441 | qa | 864 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is represented by label D?\nChoices: B: Rectum.\nA: The internal anal sphincter muscle\nC: Anal canal mucosa\nD: The external ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F2.jpg"
] | 27 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg | Which anatomical structure corresponds to letter B in the figure? | Bladder | Anal region | Bladder | Coccyx | Symphysis | B | 1 | 546 | qa | 882 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: Which anatomical structure corresponds to letter B in the figure?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content":... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg"
] | 28 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg | Which plane from the corresponding sagittal data set is shown in (b) and (c)? | Sagittal plane | Coronal plane | Axial plane | A and C are correct. | Sagittal plane | D | 1 | 546 | qa | 901 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: Which plane from the corresponding sagittal data set is shown in (b) and (c)?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg"
] | 29 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg | What does (a) show in the figure? | Axial plane from axial data set | Axial plane from axial data set | Coronal plane from sagittal data set | Sagittal plane from axial data set | Coronal plane from axial data set | A | 1 | 546 | qa | 1,018 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does (a) show in the figure?\nChoices: C: Sagittal plane from axial data set\nA: Axial plane from axial data set\nD: Coronal... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg"
] | 30 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg | What do the capital letters in the figure indicate? | Anatomical structures | Anatomical structures | Different planes | Different data sets | Different regions | A | 1 | 546 | qa | 975 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the capital letters in the figure indicate?\nChoices: C: Different data sets\nD: Different regions\nB: Differen... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079899_F3.jpg"
] | 31 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F10.jpg | What is the name of the stain used in this image? | Von Kossa stain; | Von Kossa stain; | Giemsa stain; | Wright stain; | Hematoxylin and eosin stain; | A | 1 | 357 | qa | 770 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the name of the stain used in this image?\nChoices: C: Wright stain;\nD: Hematoxylin and eosin stain;\nA: Von Kossa s... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F10.jpg"
] | 32 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F7.jpg | What does Panel a demonstrate? | H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule. | Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole | H&E basophilic staining of intimal VOC in a small musculoelastic artery | H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule. | H & E basophilic staining of VOC in an adventitia of an arteriole | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 908 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does Panel a demonstrate?\nChoices: A: Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole\nD: H & E basophilic staining of VOC i... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F7.jpg"
] | 33 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F7.jpg | What is shown in Panel b? | Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole | H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule. | H&E basophilic staining of intimal VOC in a small musculoelastic artery | H & E basophilic staining of VOC in an adventitia of an arteriole | Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole | D | 1 | 336 | qa | 910 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is shown in Panel b?\nChoices: D: Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole\nB: H&E basophilic staining of intimal VO... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079905_F7.jpg"
] | 34 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F1.jpg | What feature was visible on both sides of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1B? | a lateral shadow | a worm centre | a lateral shadow | a capsule | not specified in the caption | B | 1 | 630 | qa | 1,080 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What feature was visible on both sides of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1B?\nChoices: B: a lateral shadow\nA: ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F1.jpg"
] | 35 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F1.jpg | What is the size of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1A? | small | large | medium-sized | small | not specified in the caption | C | 1 | 630 | qa | 1,012 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the size of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1A?\nChoices: B: medium-sized\nC: small\nD: not specified in the caption\nA: la... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F1.jpg"
] | 36 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F5.jpg | What does the image in 5A depict? | Live female O. volvulus. | Live female O. volvulus. | A worm infecting a patient. | Microfilariae in the patient's body. | A section of the patient's onchocercoma. | A | 1 | 861 | qa | 1,329 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the image in 5A depict?\nChoices: A: Live female O. volvulus.\nC: Microfilariae in the patient's body.\nB: A ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F5.jpg"
] | 37 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F5.jpg | What is visible in the section of the onchocercoma shown in 5B? | Cuticle | Hypodermis | Cuticle | Microfilariae and pretzel stages | Nucleus | B | 1 | 861 | qa | 1,185 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is visible in the section of the onchocercoma shown in 5B?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Cuticle",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1079913_F5.jpg"
] | 38 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F1.jpg | How many chorionic cavities are visible in the image? | One | Two | One | Three | Four | B | 1 | 160 | qa | 515 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: How many chorionic cavities are visible in the image?\nChoices: B: One\nC: Three\nD: Four\nA: Two",
"role": "user"
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F1.jpg"
] | 39 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F3.jpg | What type of cord insertion is visible in the photograph? | Marginal | Marginal | Velamentous | Multi-Disciplinary | Central | A | 1 | 378 | qa | 765 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What type of cord insertion is visible in the photograph?\nChoices: A: Marginal\nC: Multi-Disciplinary\nB: Velamentous\nD: Ce... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F3.jpg"
] | 40 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F3.jpg | How many placentas are visible in the photograph? | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | C | 1 | 378 | qa | 686 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: How many placentas are visible in the photograph?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "1",
"role": "ass... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F3.jpg"
] | 41 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F4.jpg | How many cystic masses are observed in the infant's lung in the CT image? | Two | Two | One | Three | Four | A | 1 | 336 | qa | 705 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: How many cystic masses are observed in the infant's lung in the CT image?\nChoices: C: Three\nB: One\nA: Two\nD: Four",
"... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F4.jpg"
] | 42 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg | Was the solitary cystic mass present in the first CT scan of the infant? | Cannot be determined | Yes | No | Cannot be determined | Not mentioned in the caption | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 753 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Was the solitary cystic mass present in the first CT scan of the infant?\nChoices: B: No\nC: Cannot be determined\nA: Yes\nD: Not m... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg"
] | 43 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg | What imaging technique was used to detect the solitary cystic mass in the infant? | Computerized Tomography (CT) | Computerized Tomography (CT) | Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | X-ray | Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | A | 1 | 336 | qa | 809 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What imaging technique was used to detect the solitary cystic mass in the infant?\nChoices: C: X-ray\nB: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)\... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg"
] | 44 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg | What is the size of the solitary mass in the repeat CT scan of the infant? | 30 mm | 20 mm | 25 mm | 30 mm | 35 mm | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 709 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the size of the solitary mass in the repeat CT scan of the infant?\nChoices: A: 20 mm\nD: 35 mm\nC: 30 mm\nB: 25 mm",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082912_F5.jpg"
] | 45 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082913_F2.jpg | In which of the images are the dense particles located within the cell? | None of the above | None of the above | Image B | Image C | Image A | A | 1 | 102 | qa | 506 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: In which of the images are the dense particles located within the cell?\nChoices: B: Image B\nD: Image A\nA: None of the abov... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1082913_F2.jpg"
] | 46 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg | What does the image show? | A blocked vessel | A ruptured aneurysm | A normal blood vessel | A blocked vessel | A dilated blood vessel | C | 1 | 884 | qa | 1,281 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the image show?\nChoices: D: A dilated blood vessel\nA: A ruptured aneurysm\nC: A blocked vessel\nB: A normal blood... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg"
] | 47 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg | Which part of the common carotid artery is narrowed in this image? | Distal | Proximal | Lateral | Medial | Distal | D | 1 | 884 | qa | 1,261 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which part of the common carotid artery is narrowed in this image?\nChoices: C: Medial\nD: Distal\nB: Lateral\nA: Proximal",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg"
] | 48 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087505_F2.jpg | What do the images show? | None of the above. | Ultrasound images of the ovaries | Ultrasonographic images of the uterus | None of the above. | Ultrasound images of the kidneys | C | 1 | 651 | qa | 1,090 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the images show?\nChoices: D: Ultrasound images of the kidneys\nB: Ultrasonographic images of the uterus\nC: None of ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087505_F2.jpg"
] | 49 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg | What hypodensities were detected on CT scan? | Large and heterogeneous | Small and homogeneous | Medium and homogeneous | Large and heterogeneous | Large and patchy. | C | 1 | 357 | qa | 781 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What hypodensities were detected on CT scan?\nChoices: A: Small and homogeneous\nC: Large and heterogeneous\nB: Medium and homoge... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg"
] | 50 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg | What does the CT scan reveal about the pancreas? | Normal | Normal | Enlarged | Heterogeneous hypodensities surrounding it | None of the above. | A | 1 | 357 | qa | 757 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the CT scan reveal about the pancreas?\nChoices: A: Normal\nB: Enlarged\nD: None of the above.\nC: Heterogeneous hypodens... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg"
] | 51 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg | What is the condition of the spleen based on the CT scan? | Normal | Heterogeneous hypodensities surrounding it. | Enlarged | Patchy with ischemic zones | Normal | D | 1 | 357 | qa | 684 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the condition of the spleen based on the CT scan?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Normal... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087842_F2.jpg"
] | 52 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087847_F5.jpg | What is the arrowhead pointing to in the image G? | Axons | Labelled Staining | Axons | Nuclei | Dendrites. | B | 1 | 504 | qa | 810 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the arrowhead pointing to in the image G?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Axons",
"role": "assis... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087847_F5.jpg"
] | 53 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087848_F1.jpg | What do the figurines in the absorbance images indicate? | Stimulus sites | Areas of increased cortical activity | Stimulus sites | Areas of decreased cortical activity | Reference images. | B | 1 | 630 | qa | 1,068 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the figurines in the absorbance images indicate?\nChoices: C: Areas of decreased cortical activity\nD: Reference images.\nB: Stimu... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087848_F1.jpg"
] | 54 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F1.jpg | Where were the cells abutting the wound site located in the experiment pictured in panels A and B? | In the mesophyll | In the root meristem. | In the xylem | In the phloem | In the mesophyll | D | 1 | 252 | qa | 702 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Where were the cells abutting the wound site located in the experiment pictured in panels A and B?\nChoices: D: In the mesophyll\... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F1.jpg"
] | 55 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F2.jpg | Which picture shows a cell detaching from an adjacent cell? | Picture B | Picture A | Picture B | Picture C | No picture shows cells detaching. | B | 1 | 693 | qa | 1,105 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which picture shows a cell detaching from an adjacent cell?\nChoices: B: Picture B\nA: Picture A\nD: No picture shows c... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F2.jpg"
] | 56 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F3.jpg | What is the purpose of the asterisk shown in the figure? | To indicate the normal lentoid shape of hypocotyl nuclei. | To indicate the normal lentoid shape of hypocotyl nuclei. | To indicate the release of nuclear fluorescence into the cytoplasm. | To indicate the formation of lobes around the contracting nucleus. | To indicate the intensity of nuclear propidium iodide staining. | A | 1 | 588 | qa | 959 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the purpose of the asterisk shown in the figure?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "To indicate t... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F3.jpg"
] | 57 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F4.jpg | What is propidium iodide staining shown in the image? | nuclear lumen | DNA | cytoplasm | cell wall | nuclear lumen | D | 1 | 357 | qa | 675 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is propidium iodide staining shown in the image?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "nuclear lumen",
"r... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087855_F4.jpg"
] | 58 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087895_F1.jpg | What type of imaging was used to capture the catheter position? | X-ray | MRI | Ultrasound | CT scan | X-ray | D | 1 | 224 | qa | 582 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What type of imaging was used to capture the catheter position?\nChoices: A: MRI\nD: X-ray\nB: Ultrasound\nC: CT scan",
"role": "user"... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1087895_F1.jpg"
] | 59 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg | How is the z-axis represented in the top and bottom panels? | By the perspective of the viewer. | By the perspective of the viewer. | By text | By the position of the spheres | By color | A | 1 | 638 | qa | 1,080 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: How is the z-axis represented in the top and bottom panels?\nChoices: C: By the position of the spheres\nD: By color\nA: By the per... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg"
] | 60 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg | What do the colored tracks represent in the video? | The shape of the thymocytes. | The brightness of the signal emitted by the cells | The location of the cells within the thymus | The shape of the thymocytes. | The time frame when the signal was captured | C | 1 | 638 | qa | 1,151 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the colored tracks represent in the video?\nChoices: D: The time frame when the signal was captured\nA: The brightness of t... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg"
] | 61 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088974_pbio-0030190-g002.jpg | What does the red shading in (A) and (B) represent? | NCL | NCL | ventricle | nidopallium caudale | electrode track | A | 1 | 609 | qa | 993 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the red shading in (A) and (B) represent?\nChoices: D: electrode track\nB: ventricle\nC: nidopallium caudale\... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1088974_pbio-0030190-g002.jpg"
] | 62 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F1.jpg | Is there any evidence of pneumothorax in the radiograph? | No | Yes | No | Cannot be determined | Not mentioned | B | 1 | 399 | qa | 773 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Is there any evidence of pneumothorax in the radiograph?\nChoices: A: Yes\nD: Not mentioned\nB: No\nC: Cannot be determined",... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F1.jpg"
] | 63 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F3.jpg | What findings are seen on the photomicrograph of the tissue sample? | Calcium deposition in myocytes | Large areas of healthy tissue with no damage | Acute viral infection | Calcium deposition in myocytes | Necrosis with acid-fast bacilli present | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 839 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What findings are seen on the photomicrograph of the tissue sample?\nChoices: A: Large areas of healthy tissue with no damage\nD: N... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F3.jpg"
] | 64 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F3.jpg | What do the myocytes show in the photomicrograph that depicts necrosis? | Regeneration | Inflammation | Regeneration | Atrophy | Calcification | B | 1 | 336 | qa | 728 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the myocytes show in the photomicrograph that depicts necrosis?\nChoices: D: Calcification\nC: Atrophy\nA: Inflammation\nB: Regene... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090580_F3.jpg"
] | 65 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090583_F3.jpg | Which panels in the figure show magnified images? | C and D only | A and B only | A, B and C | C and D only | B and D only. | C | 1 | 357 | qa | 737 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which panels in the figure show magnified images?\nChoices: C: C and D only\nA: A and B only\nB: A, B and C\nD: B and D only.",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090583_F3.jpg"
] | 66 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg | What type of MRI image was used in this scan? | Coronal T2-weighted | Sagittal T1-weighted | Coronal T2-weighted | Axial T2-weighted | Sagittal proton-density-weighted | B | 1 | 336 | qa | 772 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What type of MRI image was used in this scan?\nChoices: C: Axial T2-weighted\nB: Coronal T2-weighted\nA: Sagittal T1-we... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg"
] | 67 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg | What is the diagnosis based on the MRI image? | Medial meniscal tear | Medial meniscal tear | PCL tear | ACL tear | Patellar tendonitis | A | 1 | 336 | qa | 728 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the diagnosis based on the MRI image?\nChoices: A: Medial meniscal tear\nC: ACL tear\nB: PCL tear\nD: Patellar tendonitis",... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg"
] | 68 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg | Which knee is shown in the MRI? | Right knee | Left knee | Both knees | Right knee | Can't determine from the image | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 714 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which knee is shown in the MRI?\nChoices: A: Left knee\nD: Can't determine from the image\nB: Both knees\nC: Right knee",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1090590_F1.jpg"
] | 69 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097722_F7.jpg | How does the left image in (A) differ from the middle image? | The left image shows GFP-channel only. | The left image shows control cells. | The middle image shows CFP-channel only. | The left image shows GFP-channel only. | The middle image shows cells with concurrent Rev-CFP expression. | C | 1 | 483 | qa | 835 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: How does the left image in (A) differ from the middle image?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The left imag... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097722_F7.jpg"
] | 70 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg | What is shown in the green fluorescence? | Connection between cells | Nucleus | Connection between cell and matrix | Connection between cells | Fibronectin | C | 1 | 462 | qa | 771 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is shown in the green fluorescence?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Connection between cells",
"role": "as... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg"
] | 71 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg | Which type of cells were stained in (A)? | Epithelial cells | Fibroblasts | Muscle cells | Endothelial cells | Epithelial cells | D | 1 | 462 | qa | 782 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: Which type of cells were stained in (A)?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Epithelial cells",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg"
] | 72 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg | What is shown in the red color? | Nucleus | Nucleus | Connection between cell and matrix | Connection between cells | Fibronectin | A | 1 | 462 | qa | 854 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is shown in the red color?\nChoices: C: Connection between cells\nA: Nucleus\nB: Connection between cell and matrix\nD: ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097746_F3.jpg"
] | 73 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097755_F5.jpg | What do the panels G-I show? | The overlays of panels D-F | The overlays of panels D-F | Microscopic fields with bright field fluorescence | Promastigotes with CPN10/GFP gene chimera | The effects of UV excitation on promastigotes | A | 1 | 256 | qa | 745 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the panels G-I show?\nChoices: D: The effects of UV excitation on promastigotes\nC: Promastigotes with CPN10/GFP gene chi... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097755_F5.jpg"
] | 74 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097763_F4.jpg | What type of staining is demonstrated in the photomicrograph? | Negative staining | Positive staining | Gram staining | Negative staining | None of the above | C | 1 | 357 | qa | 764 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What type of staining is demonstrated in the photomicrograph?\nChoices: A: Positive staining\nD: None of the above\nB: Gram staining\nC: N... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1097763_F4.jpg"
] | 75 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg | What do the red arrowheads show in (J-M)? | The anterior commissure | The anterior commissure | The striatal bridges | The OT | The Sox1 promoter activity | A | 1 | 609 | qa | 1,032 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the red arrowheads show in (J-M)?\nChoices: B: The striatal bridges\nC: The OT\nD: The Sox1 promoter activity\n... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg"
] | 76 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg | What is the purpose of the yellow boxes in (A)? | To indicate the location of the restriction enzyme | To indicate the location of the Sox1 exon | To indicate the βgeo gene | To indicate the location of the restriction enzyme | To indicate the location of the Southern blot fragments | C | 1 | 609 | qa | 1,149 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the purpose of the yellow boxes in (A)?\nChoices: B: To indicate the βgeo gene\nA: To indicate the location of the Sox1 exo... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg"
] | 77 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006.jpg | Which proteins are stained red in the images? | SOX1 only, | SOX1 and SOX2 only. | SOX2 only, | SOX3 only, | SOX1 only, | D | 1 | 966 | qa | 1,344 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which proteins are stained red in the images?\nChoices: B: SOX2 only,\nA: SOX1 and SOX2 only.\nD: SOX1 only,\nC: SOX3 only,",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006.jpg"
] | 78 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112593_F2.jpg | Which panel shows a cluster of laterally symmetrical cells? | Panel Bi | Panel Bi | Panel A | Panel Bii | Panel Biii | A | 1 | 110 | qa | 485 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which panel shows a cluster of laterally symmetrical cells?\nChoices: A: Panel Bi\nB: Panel A\nD: Panel Biii\nC: Panel Bii",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112593_F2.jpg"
] | 79 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F1.jpg | What is the appearance of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images? | Hyperintensity | Hypointensity | Hyperintensity | Isointensity | Heterogeneously intense | B | 1 | 357 | qa | 774 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the appearance of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images?\nChoices: B: Hyperintensity\nC: Isointensity\nA: Hypointensit... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F1.jpg"
] | 80 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F1.jpg | What is the appearance of the nodule on T1-weighted image in the portal phase after gadolinium injection? | Hyperintensity | Heterogeneously intense | Hypointensity | Isointensity | Hyperintensity | D | 1 | 357 | qa | 740 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the appearance of the nodule on T1-weighted image in the portal phase after gadolinium injection?\nAnswer: ",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F1.jpg"
] | 81 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F3.jpg | What staining was used in the image? | Masson's trichrome | Hematoxylin and Eosin | Masson's trichrome | Immunohistochemistry | Periodic acid-Schiff | B | 1 | 714 | qa | 1,121 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What staining was used in the image?\nChoices: D: Periodic acid-Schiff\nB: Masson's trichrome\nA: Hematoxylin and Eosin\nC: Immun... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F3.jpg"
] | 82 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F4.jpg | What is the location of the nodule? | Liver | Pancreas | Liver | Spleen | Lungs | B | 1 | 714 | qa | 1,056 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the location of the nodule?\nChoices: C: Spleen\nD: Lungs\nB: Liver\nA: Pancreas",
"role": "user"
},
{
"c... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F4.jpg"
] | 83 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg | What is the feature highlighted in the nodule? | Foci of clear hepatocytes | Foci of clear hepatocytes | PAS negative nodule | PAS positive zone | Border area | A | 1 | 714 | qa | 1,135 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the feature highlighted in the nodule?\nChoices: A: Foci of clear hepatocytes\nD: Border area\nB: PAS negative nodule... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg"
] | 84 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg | What is the feature highlighted by an arrow in the left side of the photograph? | Foci of clear hepatocytes | PAS positive zone | PAS negative nodule | Border area | Foci of clear hepatocytes | D | 1 | 714 | qa | 1,070 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the feature highlighted by an arrow in the left side of the photograph?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg"
] | 85 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg | What is the staining used in the image? | PAS staining | H&E staining | Fluorescence staining | Immunohistochemistry staining | PAS staining | D | 1 | 714 | qa | 1,113 | [
{
"content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the staining used in the image?\nChoices: A: H&E staining\nC: Immunohistochemistry staining\nD: PAS staining\nB: Fluoresc... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1112608_F6.jpg"
] | 86 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131895_F3.jpg | What imaging technique was used to collect the images? | CT scan | MRI | 2P-FLIM | CT scan | X-ray | C | 1 | 273 | qa | 628 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What imaging technique was used to collect the images?\nChoices: B: 2P-FLIM\nD: X-ray\nA: MRI\nC: CT scan",
"role": "user"
},... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131895_F3.jpg"
] | 87 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F1.jpg | Is there an abnormality seen in Image A? | No, there is no changes | Yes, there is joint effusion | None of the above. | There is bone fracture | No, there is no changes | D | 1 | 210 | qa | 642 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Is there an abnormality seen in Image A?\nChoices: B: None of the above.\nD: No, there is no changes\nA: Yes, there is joint ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F1.jpg"
] | 88 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F2.jpg | What imaging technique was used for the examination? | Ultrasound | MRI | CT Scan | Ultrasound | X-Ray | C | 1 | 336 | qa | 688 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What imaging technique was used for the examination?\nChoices: D: X-Ray\nC: Ultrasound\nB: CT Scan\nA: MRI",
"role": "user"
},
{
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F2.jpg"
] | 89 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F7.jpg | What does the coronal contrast-enhanced image show? | Complex effusion and abnormal signal intensity in the medullary canal of the proximal ulna (arrow) (Correct) | No effusion | Absence of joint capsule | Complex effusion and abnormal signal intensity in the medullary canal of the proximal ulna (arrow) (Correct) | Adhesive capsulitis | C | 1 | 420 | qa | 1,013 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What does the coronal contrast-enhanced image show?\nChoices: B: Absence of joint capsule\nA: No effusion\nD: Adhesive capsulitis\n... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F7.jpg"
] | 90 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F9.jpg | What is visible on the coronal slice? | Small nodules in the left upper lobe | Para-aortic lymphadenopathy | Small nodules in the left upper lobe | Subcarinal lymphadenopathy | None of the above | B | 1 | 105 | qa | 568 | [
{
"content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is visible on the coronal slice?\nChoices: D: None of the above\nC: Subcarinal lymphadenopathy\nB: Small nodules i... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F9.jpg"
] | 91 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F9.jpg | What is visible on the axial slice? | Mediastinal lymphadenopathy | Left upper lobe nodules | Mediastinal lymphadenopathy | Contrast enhancement | All of the above | B | 1 | 105 | qa | 412 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is visible on the axial slice?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Mediastinal lymphadenopathy",
"role": "assi... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131917_F9.jpg"
] | 92 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg | In panel b, what is the additional staining seen in the cell? | ZP/CK5,6,8,17 | PS1 carbohydrate ZP antigen staining | CK18/ZP staining | ZP/CK5,6,8,17 | vimentin staining | C | 1 | 546 | qa | 872 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: In panel b, what is the additional staining seen in the cell?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "ZP/CK5,6,8,17"... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg"
] | 93 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg | What is the staining pattern observed in the cells shown in panel g? | no staining in the nuclear PS1 expression, but strong staining in polar-like bodies | strong nuclear PS1 expression, but no staining in polar-like bodies | strong nuclear PS1 expression and strong staining in polar-like bodies | weak nuclear PS1 expression and weak staining in polar-like bodies | no staining in the nuclear PS1 expression, but strong staining in polar-like bodies | D | 1 | 546 | qa | 1,248 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What is the staining pattern observed in the cells shown in panel g?\nChoices: D: no staining in the nuclear PS1 expression, but strong st... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg"
] | 94 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg | What is the staining seen in the centrally located nucleus of the cell in panel a? | CK5,6,8,17 | ZP immunostaining | vimentin | CK5,6,8,17 | PS1 carbohydrate ZP antigen staining | C | 1 | 546 | qa | 890 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What is the staining seen in the centrally located nucleus of the cell in panel a?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"cont... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131924_F3.jpg"
] | 95 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131928_F2.jpg | What does the graph show? | Quantification of dead cells per field | Quantification of dead cells per field | Quantification of live cells per field | Quantification of alveolar type II cells per field | Quantification of alveolar type I cells per field | A | 1 | 483 | qa | 804 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What does the graph show?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Quantification of dead cells per field",
... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1131928_F2.jpg"
] | 96 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1142332_F3.jpg | What are the characteristics of cells presented in A and B? | Cells with filopodia and no blebs on surface; | Small rounded cells with dendritic-like cytoplasmatic prolongations; | Fibroblastic-like cells with microvilli on membrane surface; | Cells with filopodia and no blebs on surface; | Large cells with extensive cytoplasmatic prolongations. | C | 1 | 693 | qa | 1,042 | [
{
"content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Question: What are the characteristics of cells presented in A and B?\nAnswer: ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Cells with filopodia an... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1142332_F3.jpg"
] | 97 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1142517_F1.jpg | Which type of acquisition image is shown in the upper left? | 2D image | 3D image | No image is shown in the upper left | 4D image | 2D image | D | 1 | 336 | qa | 740 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: Which type of acquisition image is shown in the upper left?\nChoices: A: 3D image\nC: 4D image\nD: 2D image\nB: No image is s... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1142517_F1.jpg"
] | 98 | |
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1143777_F3.jpg | What do the time series plots show? | How the response to speech stimuli differs across the group. | The time it takes subjects to respond to stimuli. | The mean percent signal change at scans 2 and 3 for STD and DEV trials. | How the response to speech stimuli differs across the group. | The difference in peak activations between each subject. | C | 1 | 378 | qa | 987 | [
{
"content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "<image>Questions: What do the time series plots show?\nChoices: B: The mean percent signal change at scans 2 and 3 for STD and DEV trials.\nC: ... | [
"/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC1143777_F3.jpg"
] | 99 |
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