Dataset Viewer
Auto-converted to Parquet Duplicate
image
stringlengths
17
66
question
stringlengths
11
286
answer
stringlengths
1
490
Choice A
stringlengths
1
639
Choice B
stringlengths
1
307
Choice C
stringlengths
1
286
Choice D
stringlengths
1
313
label
stringclasses
4 values
caption
stringlengths
0
470
num_media
int64
2
2
num_media_tokens
int64
8
19.3k
length
int64
382
19.7k
messages
listlengths
2
2
images
listlengths
1
1
id
int64
0
83.3k
PMC8157112_plants-10-00984-f002.jpg
What is observed in the control nuclei from P. australis roots in panel (d)?
None of the above.
Chromatin condensation
None of the above.
Lignin labeling
Fragmentation of nuclei
B
2
1,470
1,929
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is observed in the control nuclei from P. australis roo...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157112_plants-10-00984-f002.jpg" ]
0
PMC8157177_materials-14-02584-f001.jpg
What is the name of the compound represented in image (c)?
Goethite-biochar mixture
Goethite-biochar mixture
Goethite
Biochar
None of the above
A
2
432
858
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the compound represented in image...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157177_materials-14-02584-f001.jpg" ]
1
PMC8157177_materials-14-02584-f001.jpg
What is the name of the compound represented in image (b)?
Biochar
Biochar
Goethite
Goethite-biochar mixture
None of the above
A
2
432
851
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the compound represented in image (b)?\n...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157177_materials-14-02584-f001.jpg" ]
2
PMC8157240_biomolecules-11-00749-f004.jpg
What do the white arrows indicate?
the direction of the polarizers
the direction of the waveplate
the orientation of the sample
the direction of the crosslinking reaction
the direction of the polarizers
D
2
616
1,106
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the white arrows indicate?\nChoic...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157240_biomolecules-11-00749-f004.jpg" ]
3
PMC8157356_nanomaterials-11-01327-f002.jpg
What is the difference between SEM image (a) and (b)?
Magnification
Magnification
Image brightness
Filter paper is the same
Image contrast
A
2
972
1,397
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the difference between SEM image (a) and (b)?\nChoic...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157356_nanomaterials-11-01327-f002.jpg" ]
4
PMC8157390_ijerph-18-05360-f001.jpg
What does the MIP show?
Both A and B
Increased uptake in the paravertebral mass
Both A and B
Pleural/extra pleural lesion
Neither A nor B
B
2
364
798
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the MIP show?\nChoices: D: Neither A nor ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157390_ijerph-18-05360-f001.jpg" ]
5
PMC8157402_Fig1.jpg
What kind of image showed the tumor in the left ovary?
CT scan
MRI
CT scan
X-ray
Ultrasound
B
2
392
785
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What kind of image showed the tumor in the left ova...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157402_Fig1.jpg" ]
6
PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg
What is shown in image b?
A tumorlet in the omentum
A cystic growth pattern with a partial solid area
Normal ovarian stromal cells on the right margin of the graph
Positive staining for β-catenin
A tumorlet in the omentum
D
2
1,100
1,609
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is shown in image b?\nChoices: B: Normal o...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg" ]
7
PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg
What is shown in image d?
Positive immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin (nuclear and cytoplasmic)
Positive immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin (nuclear and cytoplasmic)
A tumorlet in the omentum
Negative immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin
A cystic growth pattern with a partial solid area
A
2
1,100
1,645
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is shown in image d?\nChoices: C: Negative...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg" ]
8
PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg
What is shown in image a?
A cystic growth pattern with a partial solid area
A tumorlet
Positive staining for β-catenin
Ovarian stromal cells on the right margin of the graph
A cystic growth pattern with a partial solid area
D
2
1,100
1,587
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is shown in image a?\nChoices: D: A cystic...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157402_Fig2.jpg" ]
9
PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg
What type of imaging was used to obtain images (a) and (c)?
MRI
MRI
X-ray
CT scan
PET scan
A
2
9,576
9,970
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What type of imaging was used to obtain images (a) an...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg" ]
10
PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg
What is shown in image (f)?
A large sellar tumor
A large sellar tumor
Contrast medium
Hematoma in the tumor
Optic chiasm anteriorly
A
2
9,576
9,996
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is shown in image (f)?\nChoices: A: A large se...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg" ]
11
PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg
What is the clinical significance of the finding in image (e)?
Indicates hemorrhage in sella turcica
No clinical significance
Indicates hemorrhage in sella turcica
Indicates early-stage tumor
Indicates optic chiasm injury
B
2
9,576
10,060
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the clinical significance of the finding in image (e...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg" ]
12
PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg
Which imaging modality was used to obtain image (e)?
CT scan
MRI
X-ray
CT scan
Ultrasound
C
2
9,576
9,977
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which imaging modality was used to obtain...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157460_Fig1.jpg" ]
13
PMC8157544_cells-10-01238-f003.jpg
What does the white star in the histopathological picture indicate?
Foci of hydrophic degeneration
Foci of mononuclear cell infiltration
Foci of hydrophic degeneration
Central vein
Portal field
B
2
1,026
1,508
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the white star in the histopath...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157544_cells-10-01238-f003.jpg" ]
14
PMC8157604_children-08-00408-f004.jpg
What is the age of the patient in the bottom panel?
2 years
2 years
14 days
4 years
6 years
A
2
1,152
1,536
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the age of the patient in the bottom panel?\nChoices...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157604_children-08-00408-f004.jpg" ]
15
PMC8157604_children-08-00408-f004.jpg
What is the postvoid residual urine volume in the bottom right panel?
Absent
Absent
Markedly increased
Moderately increased
Slightly increased
A
2
1,152
1,607
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the postvoid residual urine volum...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157604_children-08-00408-f004.jpg" ]
16
PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg
What is the name of the structure that appears stenotic in the image?
Cerebral aqueduct
Lamina terminalis
Fourth ventricle
Tuber cinereum
Cerebral aqueduct
D
2
756
1,207
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the structure that appears ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg" ]
17
PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg
What is the name of the condition being shown in the image?
LIAS
ALS
LIAS
BLS
CLS
B
2
756
1,142
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the condition being shown in th...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg" ]
18
PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg
What is the name of the ventricle that appears dilated in the image?
Third ventricle
Lateral ventricle
Fourth ventricle
Third ventricle
Basal ganglia
C
2
756
1,209
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the ventricle that ap...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157654_Fig2.jpg" ]
19
PMC8157677_Fig1.jpg
What was the result of the full-length X-ray of the patient's left lower extremity at the 4-year follow-up?
The extremity was 5 cm shorter than normal
The extremity was normal
The extremity was 3 cm shorter than normal
The extremity was 5 cm shorter than normal
The extremity was 7 cm shorter than normal
C
2
840
1,421
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What was the result of the full-length X-...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157677_Fig1.jpg" ]
20
PMC8157677_Fig2.jpg
What does the photo taken during surgery show?
The alcohol-inactivated autograft segment filled with bone cement.
Solid internal fixation and joint preservation of the knee.
The alcohol-inactivated autograft segment filled with bone cement.
Mix of high and low signals inside the medullary cavity of the tibia.
The condition of the alcohol-inactivated autograft segment.
B
2
784
1,407
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the photo taken during surgery ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157677_Fig2.jpg" ]
21
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg
What is the area of the HFF colored in yellow on image (d)?
4.4 mm2
4.4 mm2
4.1 mm2
3.6 mm2
3.9 mm2
A
2
1,176
1,581
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the area of the HFF colored in yellow o...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg" ]
22
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg
What is the image (a) in this case?
SW-FAF image
NIR-AF image
ICGA image
SW-FAF image
FA image
C
2
1,176
1,577
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the image (a) in this case?\nChoi...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg" ]
23
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg
Is there a choroidal neovascularization in any of the images presented?
No, in none of the images.
Yes, in the image (a).
No, in none of the images.
Yes, in the image (d).
Yes, in the image (b).
B
2
1,176
1,644
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Is there a choroidal neovascularization in any of the images...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg" ]
24
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg
What is the image (d) in this case?
ICGA image
SW-FAF image
ICGA image
FA image
NIR-AF image
B
2
1,176
1,567
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the image (d) in this case?\nChoices: D: NI...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f003.jpg" ]
25
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f004.jpg
What is the abnormal foci colored in green in figure (c)?
Choroidal excavation
HFF area
Choroidal excavation
Normal foci
Subretinal fluid
B
2
1,134
1,560
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the abnormal foci colored in green in figur...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f004.jpg" ]
26
PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f004.jpg
What is the image modality used in figure (i,k)?
Infrared + OCT angiography
OCT angiography
Infrared
Infrared + OCT angiography
Infrared + OCT
C
2
1,134
1,557
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the image modality used in figure (i,k)?\nCho...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157827_jcm-10-02178-f004.jpg" ]
27
PMC8157930_fig02.jpg
What does the green color indicate in the tractography connections color coding?
Anterior-Posterior
Dorsal-Ventral
Right-Left
Anterior-Posterior
None of the above
C
2
810
1,254
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the green color indicate in the tractography conne...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8157930_fig02.jpg" ]
28
PMC8158034_f0002.jpg
What do the white arrows in image (d) indicate?
Bleb-like structures
Anti-Nup43 antibody
Bleb-like structures
Chromatin
ER-targeted GFP
B
2
1,334
1,758
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the white arrows in image (d) indicate?\nCh...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158034_f0002.jpg" ]
29
PMC8158034_f0002.jpg
What do the red arrows in images (f-h) indicate?
Chromatin-associated membranes
Bleb-like structures
Anti-Nup43 antibody
Chromatin-associated membranes
ER-targeted GFP
C
2
1,334
1,790
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the red arrows in images (f-h) in...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158034_f0002.jpg" ]
30
PMC8158034_f0002.jpg
What was the color of the nuclei stain in the images?
Magenta
Green
Magenta
Red
Cyan
B
2
1,334
1,730
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What was the color of the nuclei stain in...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158034_f0002.jpg" ]
31
PMC8158073_FIG2.jpg
Which side of the patient’s body is the X-ray image taken?
Left
Right
Front
Left
Back
C
2
648
1,036
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which side of the patient’s body is the X-ray image t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158073_FIG2.jpg" ]
32
PMC8158157_F6.jpg
How was the lung volume on the chest radiograph?
Good lung volume
Good lung volume
Increased lung volume
Reduced lung volume
Unable to determine
A
2
864
1,299
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: How was the lung volume on the chest radiograph?\nCho...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158157_F6.jpg" ]
33
PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg
In the presence of which substance the cells in cell masses have elongated shapes as shown in (F)?
NAA
NAA
Evans Blue
2-4-D
Hematoxylin
A
2
1,728
2,160
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: In the presence of which substance the cells in cell masses ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg" ]
34
PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg
What is the stain used to illustrate cells in the given image?
Evans Blue
Evans Blue
Hematoxylin
Eosin
Safranin
A
2
1,728
2,138
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the stain used to illustrate cells in the g...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg" ]
35
PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg
What possible shape(s) of cells can be seen in (B)?
Three single interconnected cells
Single interconnected cells
Three single interconnected cells
Double interconnected cells
Four single interconnected cells
B
2
1,728
2,222
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What possible shape(s) of cells can be se...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158175_fig-9.jpg" ]
36
PMC8158325_j_rjaic-2020-0020_fig_002.jpg
What measure is denoted by the parameter Pes in the image text?
Esophageal pressure
Intraabdominal pressure
Intrathoracic pressure
Intracranial pressure
Esophageal pressure
D
2
440
912
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What measure is denoted by the parameter ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158325_j_rjaic-2020-0020_fig_002.jpg" ]
37
PMC8158354_materials-14-02645-f003.jpg
What does A represent in the micrograph?
region of total bone-to-implant contact (t-BIC)
region of total bone-to-implant contact (t-BIC)
region of the coronal third of cortical bone-to-implant contact (flute-BIC)
region of total implant-to-bone contact
region of bone loss around the implant
A
2
1,500
2,063
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does A represent in the micrograph?\...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158354_materials-14-02645-f003.jpg" ]
38
PMC8158480_cancers-13-02463-f001.jpg
What are the three structures that are merged in the figure?
Nerve fibers, mucosa and collagen
Draq5 nuclear staining, lymphatic follicle and blood vessels
Nerve fibers, mucosa and collagen
Collagen, lymphatic follicle and blood vessels
Connective tissue, mucosa and Draq5 nuclear staining
B
2
1,458
2,014
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What are the three structures that are merged in the figure?...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158480_cancers-13-02463-f001.jpg" ]
39
PMC8158488_polymers-13-01637-f002.jpg
What does the inset in the TEM image refer to?
The processing of the image.
The magnification of the entire image.
The thickness of the GO layers.
The processing of the image.
The presence of chloride ions on the surface of Cl-GO.
C
2
936
1,451
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the inset in the TEM image refer to?\...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158488_polymers-13-01637-f002.jpg" ]
40
PMC8158510_molecules-26-03007-f003.jpg
What is the final image showing?
Post-op cone beam computed tomography.
Post-op cone beam computed tomography.
Primary closure of the site.
The placement of the membrane.
The implant after second stage and osseointegration check.
A
2
810
1,310
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the final image showing?\nChoices: D: The i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158510_molecules-26-03007-f003.jpg" ]
41
PMC8158737_diagnostics-11-00902-f002.jpg
Which part of the disc exceeded the boundaries of the adjacent vertebral bodies in the image?
Blue area.
No part of the disc exceeded.
Blue area.
Red area.
Green area.
B
2
1,904
2,361
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which part of the disc exceeded the boundaries of the adjace...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158737_diagnostics-11-00902-f002.jpg" ]
42
PMC8158737_diagnostics-11-00902-f002.jpg
What is represented by the blue area on the image?
Intervertebral disc.
Projected contour of the vertebral body.
Intervertebral disc.
Herniated disc material.
Nerve roots.
B
2
1,904
2,374
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is represented by the blue area on t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158737_diagnostics-11-00902-f002.jpg" ]
43
PMC8158738_molecules-26-03011-f006.jpg
What does the red arrow indicate in the histological examination of the hippocampus?
Apoptosis
Necrosis
Apoptosis
Lymphocyte infiltration
Congestion
B
2
832
1,271
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the red arrow indicate in the histological examina...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158738_molecules-26-03011-f006.jpg" ]
44
PMC8158738_molecules-26-03011-f006.jpg
What does the black arrow indicate in the histological examination of the hippocampus?
Necrosis
Congestion
Lymphocyte infiltration
Apoptosis
Necrosis
D
2
832
1,292
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the black arrow indicate in the...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158738_molecules-26-03011-f006.jpg" ]
45
PMC8158778_polymers-13-01642-f004.jpg
What is being compared in the images?
Dispersion by magnetic stirring and sonication of PUF-DCPD system
Dispersion by magnetic stirring and sonication of PUF-DCPD system
Dispersion by magnetic stirring and sonication of MUF-ENB system
Dispersion by magnetic stirring and sonication of PUF-ENB system
Dispersion by magnetic stirring and sonication of MUF-DCPD system.
A
2
1,232
1,846
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is being compared in the images?\nChoices:...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158778_polymers-13-01642-f004.jpg" ]
46
PMC8158817_F4.jpg
What is the left-most panel showing?
the pial vessel topography
the pial vessel topography
the response to a single-whisker stimulation
the differential analysis
the Alpha whisker.
A
2
392
855
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the left-most panel showing?\nChoices: C: t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158817_F4.jpg" ]
47
PMC8158817_F4.jpg
Which whiskers were stimulated in the second and third panel?
B1 and Alpha whiskers
B1 and Alpha whiskers
D2 and Gamma whiskers
C1 and Delta whiskers
E1 and Beta whiskers.
A
2
392
855
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which whiskers were stimulated in the second an...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158817_F4.jpg" ]
48
PMC8158849_f1.jpg
What is the typical appearance of large rectus sheath haematoma on computed tomography?
White arrow
White arrow
Black arrow
Red arrow
Green arrow
A
2
260
707
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the typical appearance of large rectus ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158849_f1.jpg" ]
49
PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg
According to the imaging results, in which area of the patient’s body did the lesion appear?
Right hip
Left hip
Right shoulder
Left shoulder
Right hip
D
2
416
864
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: According to the imaging results, in which area of th...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg" ]
50
PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg
Which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence was used to obtain panel F of the figure?
T2-weighted and sagittal
T1-weighted and transverse
Diffusion-weighted and axial
T2-weighted and sagittal
Fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and coronal
C
2
416
950
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence was u...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg" ]
51
PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg
What is the imaging technique used in panels A and B of the figure?
Positron emission tomography and computed tomography
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography
X-ray and mammography
Positron emission tomography and computed tomography
Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
C
2
416
959
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the imaging technique used in panels A and B ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158887_pone.0252226.g003.jpg" ]
52
PMC8158918_pbio.3001200.g005.jpg
What do yellow arrows in Figure C indicate?
Foxa2/T positive cells
Foxa2 positive T negative cells
Foxa2/T positive cells
Foxa2 negative T positive tdTomato-expressing cells
Both A and C
B
2
2,538
3,002
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do yellow arrows in Figure C indicate?\nChoices: A: Fox...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158918_pbio.3001200.g005.jpg" ]
53
PMC8158928_pone.0252334.g004.jpg
What does the red arrow indicate in the colon tissue images?
Inflammatory cell infiltration
Inflammatory cell infiltration
Necrosis
Tumor cells
Colonization of bacteria
A
2
750
1,197
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the red arrow indicate in the colon tissu...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158928_pone.0252334.g004.jpg" ]
54
PMC8158943_fig7.jpg
What do the black arrows indicate in the images?
Blood vessels.
Native lamellar bone
Blood vessels.
Border of the calvaria defect
Neoformed bone
B
2
756
1,193
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the black arrows indicate in the images?\nCho...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158943_fig7.jpg" ]
55
PMC8158951_pone.0252387.g003.jpg
What image is shown for the BPH patient?
T2-weighted image
SFslow map
Histology slide
BE map
T2-weighted image
D
2
1,512
1,912
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What image is shown for the BPH patient?\nChoices: B:...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158951_pone.0252387.g003.jpg" ]
56
PMC8158951_pone.0252387.g003.jpg
What is denoted on the ADC maps for the lesions?
Red arrow
Solid line
Dotted line
No denotation
Red arrow
D
2
1,512
1,927
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is denoted on the ADC maps for the l...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8158951_pone.0252387.g003.jpg" ]
57
PMC8159123_diagnostics-11-00903-f001.jpg
What is depicted in image G?
None of the above
First surgery
None of the above
Tumor relapse
Second surgery
B
2
2,100
2,499
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is depicted in image G?\nChoices: B: None of t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159123_diagnostics-11-00903-f001.jpg" ]
58
PMC8159123_diagnostics-11-00903-f001.jpg
What is depicted in image R?
Tissue distortion with malacia
Complete disappearance of pathological findings
Hemorrhagic distension
Tissue distortion with malacia
None of the above
C
2
2,100
2,562
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is depicted in image R?\nChoices: D: None ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159123_diagnostics-11-00903-f001.jpg" ]
59
PMC8159162_fig2.jpg
What is the difference between the two STEM images shown?
They are taken at different magnifications
They show different materials
They are taken at different magnifications
They are taken with different instruments
They show different crystal structures
B
2
1,276
1,788
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the difference between the two STEM images shown?\nC...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159162_fig2.jpg" ]
60
PMC8159227_fig1.jpg
What is the color code of S in the image shown?
red
red
green
light blue
purple
A
2
616
992
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the color code of S in the image shown?\nChoices: B:...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159227_fig1.jpg" ]
61
PMC8159263_f2.jpg
What did the MRI show on sagittal view?
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual, submandibular, pharyngeal and parapharyngeal spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hyposignal intensity on T1 fat suppression with gadolinium involving left sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual and submandibular spaces.
None of the above.
C
2
136
942
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What did the MRI show on sagittal view?\n...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159263_f2.jpg" ]
62
PMC8159263_f2.jpg
What did the MRI show on axial view?
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual, submandibular, pharyngeal and parapharyngeal spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual, submandibular, pharyngeal and parapharyngeal spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hypersignal intensity on T2 weighted image involving left sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Multi-lobulated cystic mass with hyposignal intensity on T1 fat suppression with gadolinium involving left sublingual and submandibular spaces.
None of the above.
A
2
136
929
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What did the MRI show on axial view?\nChoices: A: M...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159263_f2.jpg" ]
63
PMC8159267_f2.jpg
What anatomical space is involved by the mass in the coronal view of the MRI image?
Cervical space
Cervical space
Thoracic space
Pelvic space
Abdominal space
A
2
272
728
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What anatomical space is involved by the mass i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159267_f2.jpg" ]
64
PMC8159298_FIG3.jpg
What type of section is seen in the image A?
Transverse
Transverse
Sagittal
Coronal
None of the above
A
2
702
1,102
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What type of section is seen in the image A?\nChoic...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159298_FIG3.jpg" ]
65
PMC8159301_FIG1.jpg
What is the diagnosis of Case 1?
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary tuberculosis
A
2
594
1,017
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the diagnosis of Case 1?\nChoices: D: P...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159301_FIG1.jpg" ]
66
PMC8159301_FIG1.jpg
What does the arrow in the CXR indicate?
Basal atelectasis
Elevated left hemidiaphragm
Basal atelectasis
Small left pleural effusion
Low lung volume
B
2
594
1,032
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What does the arrow in the CXR indicate?\nChoices: B:...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159301_FIG1.jpg" ]
67
PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg
Is there any notable finding in the left pleural space in the CXR image?
No, there is no pleural effusion present
Yes, there is a large pleural effusion
Yes, there is a small pleural effusion
It is not clear from the image.
No, there is no pleural effusion present
D
2
1,782
2,319
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Is there any notable finding in the left pleura...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg" ]
68
PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg
Is there a pleural effusion present in the CXR image?
Yes, it is present in the right side
Yes, it is present in the right side
Yes, it is present in the left side
No, there is no pleural effusion present
It is not clear from the image.
A
2
1,782
2,301
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Is there a pleural effusion present in th...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg" ]
69
PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg
What is the finding in the right hemidiaphragm in the CXR image?
Markedly higher than the left
Markedly higher than the left
Markedly lower than the left
Almost the same as the left
Not visible at all.
A
2
1,782
2,263
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the finding in the right hemidiaphragm in t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159301_FIG2.jpg" ]
70
PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg
What is the location of the pre-vertebral abscess shown in the MRI?
C3-C4
C1-C2
C3-C4
C2-C3
C4-C5
B
2
1,188
1,593
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the location of the pre-vertebral absce...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg" ]
71
PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg
What is the type of MRI shown in the study?
T2-weighted MRI
T2-weighted MRI
Diffusion-weighted MRI
T1-weighted MRI
Contrast-enhanced MRI
A
2
1,188
1,609
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the type of MRI shown in the study?\nChoices: C: T1-...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg" ]
72
PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg
Which area of the spine is affected by the abscess shown in the MRI?
C1-C4
C1-C3
C1-C4
C2-C5
C3-C4
B
2
1,188
1,581
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which area of the spine is affected by the abscess shown in ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159304_FIG1.jpg" ]
73
PMC8159304_FIG2.jpg
What type of MRI was used?
Sagittal T1 MRI
Sagittal T1 MRI
Axial T1 MRI
Coronal T2 MRI
Axial T2 MRI
A
2
1,458
1,849
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What type of MRI was used?\nChoices: A: Sagittal T1 M...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159304_FIG2.jpg" ]
74
PMC8159309_FIG1.jpg
What is the likely cause of vasogenic edema seen in the images?
Malignancy
Malignancy
Infection
Trauma
Stroke
A
2
702
1,114
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the likely cause of vasogenic edema see...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159309_FIG1.jpg" ]
75
PMC8159309_FIG1.jpg
What part of the body are the images of?
Brain
Lungs
Heart
Brain
Liver
C
2
702
1,080
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What part of the body are the images of?\nChoic...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159309_FIG1.jpg" ]
76
PMC8159309_FIG2.jpg
What is the appearance of the lesions on the imaging?
Hyperintense
Hypointense
Homogeneous
Hyperintense
Heterogeneous
C
2
702
1,116
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the appearance of the lesions on the imagin...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159309_FIG2.jpg" ]
77
PMC8159309_FIG3.jpg
What do the arrows on the scan indicate?
Presence of lesions
Presence of lesions
Presence of bleeding
Presence of cysts
Presence of tumour
A
2
1,188
1,616
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the arrows on the scan indicate?\nChoices: ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159309_FIG3.jpg" ]
78
PMC8159312_FIG3.jpg
What is the appearance of the cytoplasm in tumor cells shown in the images?
eosinophilic
basophilic
acidophilic
eosinophilic
neutrophilic.
C
2
324
757
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the appearance of the cytoplasm in tumor cell...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159312_FIG3.jpg" ]
79
PMC8159319_FIG1.jpg
Are the soft tissue densities observed in the image pathological or normal?
Cannot be determined
Normal
Cannot be determined
Pathological
None of the above.
B
2
756
1,201
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Are the soft tissue densities observed in the image...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159319_FIG1.jpg" ]
80
PMC8159326_FIG1.jpg
Which tendons are represented by the yellow arrow in the image?
FHL
FDL
FHL
both A and B
None of the above
B
2
1,080
1,492
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which tendons are represented by the yellow arrow i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159326_FIG1.jpg" ]
81
PMC8159326_FIG1.jpg
Which tendons are represented by the red arrow in the image?
FDL
FHL
FDL
both A and B
None of the above
B
2
1,080
1,499
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which tendons are represented by the red ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159326_FIG1.jpg" ]
82
PMC8159331_FIG1.jpg
What is the yellow arrowhead pointing to in the image?
Osteochondroma
Osteochondroma
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Chondrosarcoma
Ganglioneuroblastoma
A
2
810
1,247
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the yellow arrowhead pointing to in the ima...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159331_FIG1.jpg" ]
83
PMC8159338_FIG1.jpg
What is the medical condition shown in the image?
Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis
Spondylosis
Herniated disc
Spinal stenosis
A
2
1,836
2,260
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the medical condition shown in the imag...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159338_FIG1.jpg" ]
84
PMC8159338_FIG1.jpg
Which part of the spine is being treated in the image?
Lumbar spine
Thoracic spine
Lumbar spine
Cervical spine
Sacral spine
B
2
1,836
2,266
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which part of the spine is being treated ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159338_FIG1.jpg" ]
85
PMC8159338_FIG2.jpg
What imaging modality was used to obtain the displayed image?
Computed Tomography (CT)
X-ray
Computed Tomography (CT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Ultrasound
B
2
810
1,266
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What imaging modality was used to obtain ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159338_FIG2.jpg" ]
86
PMC8159341_FIG1.jpg
Is the mammogram showing any abnormality in the right breast?
Yes, there is an abnormality
No abnormality detected
None of the above
Cannot determine
Yes, there is an abnormality
D
2
1,296
1,759
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Is the mammogram showing any abnormality in the...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159341_FIG1.jpg" ]
87
PMC8159341_FIG1.jpg
What do the arrows in the mammographic views indicate?
Asymmetric density
Masses
Calcifications
Asymmetric density
No indication
C
2
1,296
1,715
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What do the arrows in the mammographic views indica...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159341_FIG1.jpg" ]
88
PMC8159341_FIG2.jpg
What type of imaging was used to identify the mass?
Ultrasound
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
Ultrasound
D
2
1,026
1,416
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What type of imaging was used to identify the mass?...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159341_FIG2.jpg" ]
89
PMC8159341_FIG4.jpg
Which direction was the new nodule pointing?
Medially and towards the skin
Laterally and away from the skin
Laterally and towards the skin
Medially and towards the skin
Medially and away from the skin
C
2
972
1,462
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Which direction was the new nodule pointi...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159341_FIG4.jpg" ]
90
PMC8159341_FIG5.jpg
What imaging technique was used to obtain the images of the right breast?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Computed tomography (CT) scan
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Ultrasound (US)
Mammography
B
2
594
1,072
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What imaging technique was used to obtain the i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159341_FIG5.jpg" ]
91
PMC8159377_fig7.jpg
What is the final step in the image-processing algorithm shown for a single frame?
Smoothed centreline
Enhanced and filtered
Segmented
Smoothed centreline
Skeletonized frame
C
2
850
1,311
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the final step in the image-processing algori...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159377_fig7.jpg" ]
92
PMC8159377_fig7.jpg
What is the third step in the image-processing algorithm shown for a single frame?
Skeletonized frame
Skeletonized frame
Segmented
Enhanced and filtered
Smoothed centreline
A
2
850
1,304
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the third step in the image-processing algorithm sho...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159377_fig7.jpg" ]
93
PMC8159476_FIG6.jpg
What is the diagnostic imaging modality used in this case?
MRI
X-ray
CT scan
Ultrasound
MRI
D
2
702
1,103
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the diagnostic imaging modality used in...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159476_FIG6.jpg" ]
94
PMC8159547_f11.jpg
Where was the thrombus predominantly located?
In the middle segment
In the middle segment
Distal segment
Proximal segment
In all segments
A
2
784
1,219
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Where was the thrombus predominantly loca...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159547_f11.jpg" ]
95
PMC8159552_f3.jpg
What is the function of the arteries shown in the image on the left?
Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Carry oxygenated blood to the lungs
Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Carry oxygenated blood to the heart
Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
D
2
672
1,202
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the function of the arteries shown in t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159552_f3.jpg" ]
96
PMC8159631_fig1.jpg
What is the name of the bone shown in the radiograph image?
Femur.
Tibia.
Femur.
Radius.
Ulna.
B
2
1,488
1,883
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What is the name of the bone shown in the radiograph ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159631_fig1.jpg" ]
97
PMC8159643_fig2.jpg
Where was the cyst located?
Medulla
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla
D
2
476
856
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: Where was the cyst located?\nChoices: A: ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159643_fig2.jpg" ]
98
PMC8159643_fig5.jpg
What type of magnetic resonance (MR) image was performed in the postoperative period?
T2-weighted sagittal image
T2-weighted sagittal image
T1-weighted axial image
Diffusion-weighted image
Fat-suppressed image
A
2
578
1,080
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Answer with the letter corresponding to the correct choice and nothing else.\nQuestions: What type of magnetic resonance (MR) imag...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images_all/PMC8159643_fig5.jpg" ]
99
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
Downloads last month
7