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/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F1.jpg
What is the uptake pattern in the breast?
Focal uptake pattern
A:Diffuse uptake pattern
B:Focal uptake pattern
C:No uptake pattern
D:Cannot determine from the information given
B
1
441
843
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the uptake pattern in the ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F2.jpg
What radiological technique was used to confirm the diagnosis?
Mammography
A: Mammography
B: CT Scan
C: MRI
D: X-ray
A
1
294
731
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What radiol...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F4.jpg
Where were the microcalcifications located in the mammography image?
Behind the nipple
A:Behind the nipple
B:Above the nipple
C:Below the nipple
D:Around the nipple
A
1
252
683
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nReflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Where were the microcalcifica...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F4.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F6.jpg
What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the upper row of the image?
99mTc-(V)DMSA
A:99mTc-MIBI
B:99mTc-(V)DMSA
C:Fludeoxyglucose
D:F-18 Sodium Fluoride
B
1
441
942
[ { "content": "Compare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F6.jpg
What is the name of the radiopharmaceutical used for scintimammography in the bottom row of the image?
99mTc-MIBI
A:99mTc-MIBI
B:99mTc-(V)DMSA
C:F-18 Sodium Fluoride
D:Fludeoxyglucose
A
1
441
957
[ { "content": "Approach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F7.jpg
Which of the following imaging techniques have been used in the study of the patient?
MRI
A:CT scan
B:X-ray
C:MRI
D:99mTc-(V)DMSA autoradiogram
C
1
108
535
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nYou are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Which of the following imaging techn...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064097_F7.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064098_F2.jpg
What is the magnification of the images in the figure and what is the scale bar?
400x magnification, scale bar 50 μm.
A:200x magnification, scale bar 25 μm.
B:400x magnification, scale bar 50 μm.
C:600x magnification, scale bar 75 μm.
D:800x magnification, scale bar 100 μm.
B
1
324
817
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nCompare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<imag...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064098_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064136_F2.jpg
Which technique was used to obtain the image of the immunohistochemical reaction in panel (b)?
DNA sequencing
A: Transcription PCR
B: Laser scanning confocal microscopy
C: DNA sequencing
D: Western blotting.
C
1
231
705
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which tec...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1064136_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065025_F1.jpg
What did the CT scan show?
Cerebral edema
A: Normal brain structures
B: Intracranial hemorrhage
C: Cerebral edema
D: Skull fracture
C
1
483
874
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What did the CT scan sho...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065025_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065025_F3.jpg
What does the chest X-ray film of the girl show?
Normal lungs
A: Normal lungs
B: Unilateral infiltrations of the lung.
C: Increasing bilateral infiltrations of the lung.
D: Non-infiltrated bilateral lung.
A
1
336
755
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What does the ch...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065025_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065049_F1.jpg
What pathology is present in the specimen?
rhabdomyolysis
A:rhabdomyolysis
B:compartment syndrome
C:acute necrotizing myopathy
D:central core disease
A
1
294
710
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What pathology ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065049_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065321_F6.jpg
What did the H&E-stain histology of the right wrist show?
Increase of polymorphonuclear cell infiltration
A: No remarkable swelling
B: Increase of polymorphonuclear cell infiltration
C: Increase of macrophage-positive cell infiltration
D: Normal cell infiltration in subsynovial tissues
B
1
252
763
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065321_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F2.jpg
What is the reason for the darker grayscale on the OCT image of the cartilage?
Higher light intensity
A:Higher light intensity
B:Higher presence of blood vessels
C:Presence of a higher amount of collagen
D:Birefringent light.
A
1
270
720
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nThink about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the reason for th...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F2.jpg
What is the general appearance of the articular cartilage on the OCT image?
Thick and uniform
A:Thick and uniform
B:Thin and patchy
C:Thick and patchy
D:Thin and uniform.
A
1
270
719
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nYou are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the genera...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F6.jpg
Which parts of the leg are imaged in this picture?
Femur and patella
A: Fibula and tibia
B: Pelvis and femur
C: Femur and patella
D: Tibia and patella
C
1
525
961
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nCompare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F6.jpg
What is the condition of the tissue on the right portion of each image?
Diseased tissue
A: Normal tissue
B: Undetermined tissue
C: Diseased tissue
D: Scarred tissue
C
1
525
978
[ { "content": "Engage creatively with the upcoming content. Think about innovative or unorthodox ways to interpret or use the content.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1065329_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1074811_pbio-0030127-g003.jpg
What do the heavy black arrows indicate in the diagram?
Eastward motion of the anomalies.
A: Westward motion of the anomalies.
B: Eastward motion of the anomalies.
C: Vertical motion of the anomalies.
D: No communication between the circumpolar current and the more northerly subtropical gyres.
B
1
264
694
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What do the heavy black arrows in...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1074811_pbio-0030127-g003.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079822_F2.jpg
What does the arrow in panel D point to?
DA2.
A:Debris.
B:DA2.
C:Non-viable cells.
D:Embryo.
B
1
294
697
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What does the ar...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079822_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F1.jpg
What is the name of the tetrad in the image?
S. cerevisiae
A: D. radiodurans R1
B: C. albicans
C: E. coli
D: S. cerevisiae
D
1
357
803
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nSummarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "conte...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F10.jpg
How are the images arranged in the figure?
Left to right within each row, and top to bottom of rows
A: Left to right within each row, and top to bottom of rows
B: Right to left within each row, and top to bottom of rows
C: Left to right within each row, and bottom to top of rows
D: Right to left within each row, and bottom to top of rows
A
1
189
654
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>How are ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F10.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F5.jpg
What kind of structure is shown in the optical sections?
Bacteria
A: Bacteria
B: Fungi
C: Protozoa
D: None of the above
A
1
340
792
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nSummarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "conte...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F6.jpg
What is being shown in the figure from left to right?
Both A and B
A: Images within a row
B: Rows within the figure
C: Both A and B
D: None of the above
C
1
420
885
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nApproach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?", "role": "system" }, ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079854_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F1.jpg
What type of fracture is visible on the radiograph?
Medial condyle
A: Medial condyle
B: Lateral condyle
C: Proximal phalanx
D: Distal radius
A
1
630
1,059
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What type ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F1.jpg
What type of view is the radiograph displaying?
Anteroposterior
A: Lateral
B: Anteroposterior
C: Oblique
D: Inferosuperior
B
1
630
1,068
[ { "content": "Compare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<imag...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F2.jpg
What is the position of the elbow in the radiograph?
Lateral
A:Supine
B:Prone
C:Lateral
D:Anterior
C
1
630
1,045
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nThink about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the positio...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079861_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079865_F2.jpg
Which imaging technique was used to obtain this image?
MRI scan
A:CT scan
B:PET scan
C:Ultrasound
D:MRI scan
D
1
63
483
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Which imaging tec...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079865_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F2.jpg
Which muscle is represented by label A?
Anal canal mucosa
A: The internal anal sphincter muscle
B: The external anal sphincter muscle (levator ani muscle)
C: Anal canal mucosa
D: Rectum.
C
1
441
869
[ { "content": "Critically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Whi...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F2.jpg
What is represented by label D?
Rectum.
A: The internal anal sphincter muscle
B: The external anal sphincter muscle (levator ani muscle)
C: Anal canal mucosa
D: Rectum.
D
1
441
825
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is represented by label ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg
Which anatomical structure corresponds to letter B in the figure?
Bladder
A: Anal region
B: Bladder
C: Coccyx
D: Symphysis
B
1
546
958
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.\nReflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which anatomical structure correspo...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg
Which plane from the corresponding sagittal data set is shown in (b) and (c)?
Sagittal plane
A: Coronal plane
B: Axial plane
C: Sagittal plane
D: A and C are correct.
C
1
546
1,015
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nCompare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<imag...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg
What does (a) show in the figure?
Axial plane from axial data set
A: Sagittal plane from axial data set
B: Coronal plane from sagittal data set
C: Axial plane from axial data set
D: Coronal plane from axial data set
C
1
546
957
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What does (a) show in the fi...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg
What do the capital letters in the figure indicate?
Anatomical structures
A: Different data sets
B: Different planes
C: Anatomical structures
D: Different regions
C
1
546
984
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What do t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079899_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F10.jpg
What is the name of the stain used in this image?
Von Kossa stain;
A: Hematoxylin and eosin stain;
B: Giemsa stain;
C: Wright stain;
D: Von Kossa stain;
D
1
357
768
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is the name of the stain...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F10.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F7.jpg
What does Panel a demonstrate?
H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule.
A:Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole
B:H&E basophilic staining of intimal VOC in a small musculoelastic artery
C:H & E basophilic staining of VOC in an adventitia of an arteriole
D:H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule.
D
1
336
791
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F7.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F7.jpg
What is shown in Panel b?
Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole
A:Fluorescent-like staining of VOC in an arteriole
B:H&E basophilic staining of intimal VOC in a small musculoelastic artery
C:H & E basophilic staining of VOC in an adventitia of an arteriole
D:H&E basophilic staining of VOC in a venule.
A
1
336
766
[ { "content": "You are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is shown in P...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079905_F7.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F1.jpg
What feature was visible on both sides of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1B?
a lateral shadow
A: a lateral shadow
B: a worm centre
C: a capsule
D: not specified in the caption
A
1
630
1,090
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What feature wa...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F1.jpg
What is the size of the subcutaneous onchocercoma in image 1A?
small
A: small
B: medium-sized
C: large
D: not specified in the caption
A
1
630
1,085
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F5.jpg
What does the image in 5A depict?
Live female O. volvulus.
A: A worm infecting a patient.
B: Live female O. volvulus.
C: Microfilariae in the patient's body.
D: A section of the patient's onchocercoma.
B
1
861
1,315
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F5.jpg
What is visible in the section of the onchocercoma shown in 5B?
Cuticle
A: Cuticle
B: Hypodermis
C: Microfilariae and pretzel stages
D: Nucleus
A
1
861
1,338
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1079913_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F1.jpg
How many chorionic cavities are visible in the image?
One
A: One
B: Two
C: Three
D: Four
A
1
160
549
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> How many chorionic cavities are visible in...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F3.jpg
What type of cord insertion is visible in the photograph?
Marginal
A:Marginal
B:Velamentous
C:Multi-Disciplinary
D:Central
A
1
378
834
[ { "content": "Approach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "co...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F3.jpg
How many placentas are visible in the photograph?
1
A:1
B:2
C:3
D:4
A
1
378
824
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nDive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F4.jpg
How many cystic masses are observed in the infant's lung in the CT image?
Two
A:One
B:Two
C:Three
D:Four
B
1
336
808
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F4.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg
Was the solitary cystic mass present in the first CT scan of the infant?
Cannot be determined
A:Yes
B:No
C:Cannot be determined
D:Not mentioned in the caption
C
1
336
815
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nCompare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg
What imaging technique was used to detect the solitary cystic mass in the infant?
Computerized Tomography (CT)
A:X-ray
B:Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
C:Computerized Tomography (CT)
D:Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
C
1
336
795
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What imaging technique wa...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg
What is the size of the solitary mass in the repeat CT scan of the infant?
30 mm
A:20 mm
B:25 mm
C:30 mm
D:35 mm
C
1
336
797
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082912_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082913_F2.jpg
In which of the images are the dense particles located within the cell?
None of the above
A: Image A
B: Image B
C: Image C
D: None of the above
D
1
102
538
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nEngage creatively with the upcoming content. Think about innovative or unorthodox ways to interpret or use the content.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> In which of the images are ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1082913_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg
What does the image show?
A blocked vessel
A: A ruptured aneurysm
B: A normal blood vessel
C: A blocked vessel
D: A dilated blood vessel
C
1
884
1,317
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nApproach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?", "role": "system" }, { "co...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg
Which part of the common carotid artery is narrowed in this image?
Distal
A: Proximal
B: Distal
C: Medial
D: Lateral
B
1
884
1,326
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nSummarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087206_pmed-0020079-g002.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087505_F2.jpg
What do the images show?
None of the above.
A: Ultrasound images of the ovaries
B: Ultrasonographic images of the uterus
C: Ultrasound images of the kidneys
D: None of the above.
D
1
651
1,043
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What do the images show? ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087505_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg
What hypodensities were detected on CT scan?
Large and heterogeneous
A:Small and homogeneous
B:Large and heterogeneous
C:Medium and homogeneous
D:Large and patchy.
B
1
357
795
[ { "content": "Critically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg
What does the CT scan reveal about the pancreas?
Normal
A:Normal
B:Enlarged
C:Heterogeneous hypodensities surrounding it
D:None of the above.
A
1
357
780
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What d...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg
What is the condition of the spleen based on the CT scan?
Normal
A:Normal
B:Enlarged
C:Patchy with ischemic zones
D:Heterogeneous hypodensities surrounding it.
A
1
357
807
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nDive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087842_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087847_F5.jpg
What is the arrowhead pointing to in the image G?
Axons
A:Labelled Staining
B:Axons
C:Nuclei
D:Dendrites.
B
1
504
965
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087847_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087848_F1.jpg
What do the figurines in the absorbance images indicate?
Stimulus sites
A:Areas of increased cortical activity
B:Areas of decreased cortical activity
C:Stimulus sites
D:Reference images.
C
1
630
1,045
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nYou are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What do the figurines in the a...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087848_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F1.jpg
Where were the cells abutting the wound site located in the experiment pictured in panels A and B?
In the mesophyll
A: In the mesophyll
B: In the xylem
C: In the phloem
D: In the root meristem.
A
1
252
748
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nCompare and contrast the upcoming content with what you have learned in similar topics. Look for differences, similarities, and connections.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F2.jpg
Which picture shows a cell detaching from an adjacent cell?
Picture B
A:Picture A
B:Picture B
C:Picture C
D:No picture shows cells detaching.
B
1
693
1,108
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which picture shows a cell d...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F3.jpg
What is the purpose of the asterisk shown in the figure?
To indicate the normal lentoid shape of hypocotyl nuclei.
A: To indicate the formation of lobes around the contracting nucleus.
B: To indicate the release of nuclear fluorescence into the cytoplasm.
C: To indicate the normal lentoid shape of hypocotyl nuclei.
D: To indicate the intensity of nuclear propidium iodide staining.
C
1
588
1,065
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is the...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F4.jpg
What is propidium iodide staining shown in the image?
nuclear lumen
A: DNA
B: cytoplasm
C: nuclear lumen
D: cell wall
C
1
357
787
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is pro...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087855_F4.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087895_F1.jpg
What type of imaging was used to capture the catheter position?
X-ray
A: MRI
B: X-ray
C: CT scan
D: Ultrasound
B
1
224
661
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What t...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1087895_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg
How is the z-axis represented in the top and bottom panels?
By the perspective of the viewer.
A: By color
B: By text
C: By the position of the spheres
D: By the perspective of the viewer.
D
1
638
1,100
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nSummarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> How i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg
What do the colored tracks represent in the video?
The shape of the thymocytes.
A: The brightness of the signal emitted by the cells
B: The location of the cells within the thymus
C: The time frame when the signal was captured
D: The shape of the thymocytes.
D
1
638
1,077
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nEngage creatively with the upcoming content. Think about innovative or unorthodox ways to interpret or use the content.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What do the co...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088277_pbio-0030160-g001.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088974_pbio-0030190-g002.jpg
What does the red shading in (A) and (B) represent?
NCL
A: electrode track
B: ventricle
C: nidopallium caudale
D: NCL
D
1
609
1,069
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1088974_pbio-0030190-g002.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F1.jpg
Is there any evidence of pneumothorax in the radiograph?
No
A: Yes
B: No
C: Cannot be determined
D: Not mentioned
B
1
399
858
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nDive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.", "role": "system" }, ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F3.jpg
What findings are seen on the photomicrograph of the tissue sample?
Calcium deposition in myocytes
A: Large areas of healthy tissue with no damage
B: Acute viral infection
C: Necrosis with acid-fast bacilli present
D: Calcium deposition in myocytes
D
1
336
771
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nThink about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What findings are seen on the photomi...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F3.jpg
What do the myocytes show in the photomicrograph that depicts necrosis?
Regeneration
A: Inflammation
B: Regeneration
C: Atrophy
D: Calcification
B
1
336
814
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nYou are a medical student learning from medical textbooks which contain images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090580_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090583_F3.jpg
Which panels in the figure show magnified images?
C and D only
A: A and B only
B: C and D only
C: A, B and C
D: B and D only.
B
1
357
786
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which p...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090583_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg
What type of MRI image was used in this scan?
Coronal T2-weighted
A: Sagittal T1-weighted
B: Coronal T2-weighted
C: Axial T2-weighted
D: Sagittal proton-density-weighted
B
1
336
792
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nApproach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?", "role": "system" }, { "co...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg
What is the diagnosis based on the MRI image?
Medial meniscal tear
A: ACL tear
B: PCL tear
C: Medial meniscal tear
D: Patellar tendonitis
C
1
336
812
[ { "content": "Approach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "syste...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg
Which knee is shown in the MRI?
Right knee
A: Left knee
B: Right knee
C: Both knees
D: Can't determine from the image
B
1
336
778
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1090590_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097722_F7.jpg
How does the left image in (A) differ from the middle image?
The left image shows GFP-channel only.
A: The left image shows GFP-channel only.
B: The middle image shows CFP-channel only.
C: The left image shows control cells.
D: The middle image shows cells with concurrent Rev-CFP expression.
A
1
483
978
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nConcentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097722_F7.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg
What is shown in the green fluorescence?
Connection between cells
A:Connection between cells
B:Connection between cell and matrix
C:Nucleus
D:Fibronectin
A
1
462
926
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg
Which type of cells were stained in (A)?
Epithelial cells
A:Fibroblasts
B:Epithelial cells
C:Endothelial cells
D:Muscle cells
B
1
462
918
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nConcentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.", "role": "system" }, ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg
What is shown in the red color?
Nucleus
A:Connection between cells
B:Connection between cell and matrix
C:Nucleus
D:Fibronectin
C
1
462
888
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conte...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097746_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097755_F5.jpg
What do the panels G-I show?
The overlays of panels D-F
A: Promastigotes with CPN10/GFP gene chimera
B: Microscopic fields with bright field fluorescence
C: The overlays of panels D-F
D: The effects of UV excitation on promastigotes
C
1
256
679
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What d...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097755_F5.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097763_F4.jpg
What type of staining is demonstrated in the photomicrograph?
Negative staining
A: Positive staining
B: Negative staining
C: Gram staining
D: None of the above
B
1
357
807
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nCritically analyze the upcoming content. Look for underlying assumptions, evaluate arguments, and consider different perspectives.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Wha...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1097763_F4.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg
What do the red arrowheads show in (J-M)?
The anterior commissure
A: The striatal bridges
B: The anterior commissure
C: The OT
D: The Sox1 promoter activity
B
1
609
1,052
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<ima...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg
What is the purpose of the yellow boxes in (A)?
To indicate the location of the restriction enzyme
A: To indicate the location of the Sox1 exon
B: To indicate the βgeo gene
C: To indicate the location of the restriction enzyme
D: To indicate the location of the Southern blot fragments
C
1
609
1,095
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conte...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g001.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006.jpg
Which proteins are stained red in the images?
SOX1 only,
A:SOX1 only,
B:SOX2 only,
C:SOX3 only,
D:SOX1 and SOX2 only.
A
1
966
1,408
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1110909_pbio-0030186-g006.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112593_F2.jpg
Which panel shows a cluster of laterally symmetrical cells?
Panel Bi
A:Panel A
B:Panel Bi
C:Panel Bii
D:Panel Biii
B
1
110
515
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Which panel shows a cluster of latera...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112593_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F1.jpg
What is the appearance of the nodule on T1- and T2-weighted images?
Hyperintensity
A:Hyperintensity
B:Hypointensity
C:Isointensity
D:Heterogeneously intense
A
1
357
816
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<ima...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F1.jpg
What is the appearance of the nodule on T1-weighted image in the portal phase after gadolinium injection?
Hyperintensity
A:Hyperintensity
B:Hypointensity
C:Isointensity
D:Heterogeneously intense
A
1
357
817
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the appearance of the nodu...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F3.jpg
What staining was used in the image?
Masson's trichrome
A: Hematoxylin and Eosin
B: Immunohistochemistry
C: Masson's trichrome
D: Periodic acid-Schiff
C
1
714
1,138
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nSummarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F4.jpg
What is the location of the nodule?
Liver
A: Liver
B: Pancreas
C: Spleen
D: Lungs
A
1
714
1,123
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What i...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F4.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg
What is the feature highlighted in the nodule?
Foci of clear hepatocytes
A:PAS positive zone
B:PAS negative nodule
C:Foci of clear hepatocytes
D:Border area
C
1
714
1,148
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg
What is the feature highlighted by an arrow in the left side of the photograph?
Foci of clear hepatocytes
A:PAS positive zone
B:PAS negative nodule
C:Foci of clear hepatocytes
D:Border area
C
1
714
1,214
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nDive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg
What is the staining used in the image?
PAS staining
A:H&E staining
B:PAS staining
C:Immunohistochemistry staining
D:Fluorescence staining
B
1
714
1,124
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What is the stai...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1112608_F6.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131895_F3.jpg
What imaging technique was used to collect the images?
CT scan
A:MRI
B:CT scan
C:2P-FLIM
D:X-ray
B
1
273
690
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What imaging techni...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131895_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F1.jpg
Is there an abnormality seen in Image A?
No, there is no changes
A: Yes, there is joint effusion
B: No, there is no changes
C: There is bone fracture
D: None of the above.
B
1
210
606
[ { "content": "Reflect on the content. Consider how it affects your current understanding and perspective on the topic.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> Is there an abnormality seen in Image A? "...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F2.jpg
What imaging technique was used for the examination?
Ultrasound
A:MRI
B:CT Scan
C:X-Ray
D:Ultrasound
D
1
336
744
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>What imaging technique was us...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F7.jpg
What does the coronal contrast-enhanced image show?
Complex effusion and abnormal signal intensity in the medullary canal of the proximal ulna (arrow) (Correct)
A: No effusion
B: Complex effusion and abnormal signal intensity in the medullary canal of the proximal ulna (arrow) (Correct)
C: Absence of joint capsule
D: Adhesive capsulitis
B
1
420
967
[ { "content": "Dive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F7.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F9.jpg
What is visible on the coronal slice?
Small nodules in the left upper lobe
A: Para-aortic lymphadenopathy
B: Subcarinal lymphadenopathy
C: Small nodules in the left upper lobe
D: None of the above
C
1
105
569
[ { "content": "You are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.\nApproach the next content with these questions in mind: What is the main argument? How is evidence used to support it? What are the implications of these findings?", "role": "system" }, { "co...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F9.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F9.jpg
What is visible on the axial slice?
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
A: Left upper lobe nodules
B: Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
C: Contrast enhancement
D: All of the above
B
1
105
549
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nYou are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131917_F9.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg
In panel b, what is the additional staining seen in the cell?
ZP/CK5,6,8,17
A:ZP/CK5,6,8,17
B:CK18/ZP staining
C:PS1 carbohydrate ZP antigen staining
D:vimentin staining
A
1
546
1,008
[ { "content": "Concentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "conten...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg
What is the staining pattern observed in the cells shown in panel g?
no staining in the nuclear PS1 expression, but strong staining in polar-like bodies
A:strong nuclear PS1 expression, but no staining in polar-like bodies
B:no staining in the nuclear PS1 expression, but strong staining in polar-like bodies
C:weak nuclear PS1 expression and weak staining in polar-like bodies
D:strong nuclear PS1 expression and strong staining in polar-like bodies
B
1
546
1,067
[ { "content": "Relate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.\nAs a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg
What is the staining seen in the centrally located nucleus of the cell in panel a?
CK5,6,8,17
A:CK5,6,8,17
B:vimentin
C:ZP immunostaining
D:PS1 carbohydrate ZP antigen staining
A
1
546
976
[ { "content": "Think about practical applications of the content. How could this knowledge be used in real-world situations?\nYou are a trainee doctor learning from case studies that include images and related QA pairs.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image> What is the staining seen in the cent...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131924_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131928_F2.jpg
What does the graph show?
Quantification of dead cells per field
A:Quantification of live cells per field
B:Quantification of dead cells per field
C:Quantification of alveolar type II cells per field
D:Quantification of alveolar type I cells per field
B
1
483
953
[ { "content": "As a junior doctor, you are practicing your medical knowledge with the help of visual aids and related QA pairs.\nDive deep into the details and nuances of the following content. Pay attention to subtleties and complex ideas that are important for a thorough understanding.", "role": "system" ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1131928_F2.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1142332_F3.jpg
What are the characteristics of cells presented in A and B?
Cells with filopodia and no blebs on surface;
A: Small rounded cells with dendritic-like cytoplasmatic prolongations;
B: Fibroblastic-like cells with microvilli on membrane surface;
C: Cells with filopodia and no blebs on surface;
D: Large cells with extensive cytoplasmatic prolongations.
C
1
693
1,193
[ { "content": "As a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.\nConcentrate on understanding the core principles and essential facts in the following content. Pay special attention to definitions, examples, and conclusions.", "role": "system" }, { ...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1142332_F3.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1142517_F1.jpg
Which type of acquisition image is shown in the upper left?
2D image
A:3D image
B:2D image
C:4D image
D:No image is shown in the upper left
B
1
336
766
[ { "content": "You are a medical student preparing for exams by analyzing medical images and answering related questions.\nRelate the content to its broader context and implications. Think about how it connects to what you've learned previously.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<image>Which type o...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1142517_F1.jpg" ]
/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1143777_F3.jpg
What do the time series plots show?
How the response to speech stimuli differs across the group.
A: The time it takes subjects to respond to stimuli.
B: The mean percent signal change at scans 2 and 3 for STD and DEV trials.
C: The difference in peak activations between each subject.
D: How the response to speech stimuli differs across the group.
D
1
378
852
[ { "content": "Summarize the main points of the following content in your own words. Synthesize the content to create a coherent understanding of the topic.\nAs a resident doctor, you refine your understanding of medical images by answering relevant questions.", "role": "system" }, { "content": "<ima...
[ "/scratch/xiaowenz/datasets/pmc_vqa/images/PMC1143777_F3.jpg" ]
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