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The dataset generation failed
Error code:   DatasetGenerationError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
id: string
category: string
task: string
trap: string
input: string
expected_meaning: string
key_points: list<item: string>
  child 0, item: string
reference_ur: string
pair_id: string
difficulty: string
split: string
reviewer_notes: string
model_output: string
to
{'id': Value('string'), 'category': Value('string'), 'task': Value('string'), 'trap': Value('string'), 'input': Value('string'), 'expected_meaning': Value('string'), 'key_points': List(Value('string')), 'reference_ur': Value('string'), 'pair_id': Value('string'), 'difficulty': Value('string'), 'split': Value('string'), 'reviewer_notes': Value('string')}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1827, in _prepare_split_single
                  for key, table in generator:
                                    ^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 613, in wrapped
                  for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
                              ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2378, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2306, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
                  ...<3 lines>...
                  )
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              id: string
              category: string
              task: string
              trap: string
              input: string
              expected_meaning: string
              key_points: list<item: string>
                child 0, item: string
              reference_ur: string
              pair_id: string
              difficulty: string
              split: string
              reviewer_notes: string
              model_output: string
              to
              {'id': Value('string'), 'category': Value('string'), 'task': Value('string'), 'trap': Value('string'), 'input': Value('string'), 'expected_meaning': Value('string'), 'key_points': List(Value('string')), 'reference_ur': Value('string'), 'pair_id': Value('string'), 'difficulty': Value('string'), 'split': Value('string'), 'reviewer_notes': Value('string')}
              because column names don't match
              
              The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1369, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
                                                                        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
                      builder, max_dataset_size_bytes=max_dataset_size_bytes
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                  )
                  ^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 948, in stream_convert_to_parquet
                  builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
                  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1694, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                                               ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
                      gen_kwargs=gen_kwargs, job_id=job_id, **_prepare_split_args
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                  ):
                  ^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1879, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the dataset

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id
string
category
string
task
string
trap
string
input
string
expected_meaning
string
key_points
list
reference_ur
string
pair_id
string
difficulty
string
split
string
reviewer_notes
string
MP-01
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
negation
Ali did not say that Sara failed.
Negation applies to Ali saying it; whether Sara failed stays unstated.
[ "negation on 'say'", "Sara's result not asserted" ]
علی نے یہ نہیں کہا کہ سارہ فیل ہو گئی۔
hard
test
MP-02
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
negation
Not everyone at the wedding was invited by the bride's family.
Some guests were invited by someone other than the bride's family.
[ "partial negation", "some guests invited by others" ]
شادی میں موجود ہر شخص کو دلہن کے گھر والوں نے مدعو نہیں کیا تھا۔
hard
test
MP-03
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
negation
I never said she stole the money.
Speaker denies ever saying she stole the money.
[ "never said", "theft not asserted" ]
میں نے کبھی نہیں کہا کہ اس نے پیسے چرائے۔
medium
test
MP-04
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
negation
The shop is not closed on Fridays.
The shop is open on Fridays.
[ "open on Fridays" ]
دکان جمعے کو بند نہیں ہوتی۔
easy
dev
MP-05
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
negation
None of the windows were broken, but the door was.
Windows intact; door broken.
[ "no windows broken", "door broken" ]
کوئی کھڑکی نہیں ٹوٹی تھی، لیکن دروازہ ٹوٹا ہوا تھا۔
medium
test
MP-06
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
quantity_number
All of the students passed except two.
Every student but two passed.
[ "all but two passed" ]
دو کے سوا تمام طلبہ پاس ہو گئے۔
medium
test
MP-07
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
quantity_number
Take half a tablet twice a day.
Dose: half a tablet, two times daily.
[ "half tablet", "twice daily" ]
دن میں دو بار آدھی گولی لیں۔
easy
test
MP-08
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
quantity_number
The train leaves at 7:45, fifteen minutes earlier than usual.
Departure 7:45, which is 15 minutes earlier than normal.
[ "7:45", "15 minutes earlier" ]
ٹرین سات بج کر پینتالیس منٹ پر روانہ ہوگی، معمول سے پندرہ منٹ پہلے۔
medium
test
MP-09
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
quantity_number
At least three people must sign the form.
Minimum of three signatures required.
[ "at least three", "signatures required" ]
فارم پر کم از کم تین افراد کے دستخط ضروری ہیں۔
medium
test
MP-10
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
quantity_number
Prices increased by 15 percent, not 50 percent.
Increase was 15%, explicitly not 50%.
[ "15 percent", "not 50 percent" ]
قیمتوں میں پندرہ فیصد اضافہ ہوا، پچاس فیصد نہیں۔
medium
test
MP-11
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
conditional
If it rains tomorrow, the match will be postponed, not cancelled.
Rain tomorrow leads to postponement, not cancellation.
[ "conditional on rain", "postponed not cancelled" ]
اگر کل بارش ہوئی تو میچ ملتوی ہو جائے گا، منسوخ نہیں۔
medium
test
MP-12
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
conditional
Unless you register by Monday, you cannot sit the exam.
Registration by Monday is required to take the exam.
[ "deadline Monday", "no registration means no exam" ]
اگر آپ نے پیر تک رجسٹریشن نہیں کرائی تو آپ امتحان نہیں دے سکیں گے۔
hard
test
MP-13
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
conditional
Call me only if the fever goes above 102.
Call only when fever exceeds 102; otherwise don't.
[ "only if", "above 102" ]
مجھے صرف اس صورت میں فون کریں اگر بخار ایک سو دو سے اوپر چلا جائے۔
medium
test
MP-14
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
conditional
If the light turns red, stop even if the road looks empty.
Red light means stop regardless of empty road.
[ "stop on red", "even if empty" ]
اگر بتی سرخ ہو جائے تو رک جائیں، چاہے سڑک خالی ہی کیوں نہ لگے۔
medium
test
MP-15
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
conditional
Had he left earlier, he would not have missed the flight.
Counterfactual: he left late and did miss the flight.
[ "he missed the flight", "counterfactual" ]
اگر وہ جلدی نکلتا تو اس کی فلائٹ نہ چھوٹتی۔
hard
test
MP-16
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
contrast
The doctor, not the nurse, will call you.
The doctor will call; the nurse will not.
[ "doctor calls", "nurse does not" ]
آپ کو نرس نہیں، ڈاکٹر فون کریں گے۔
medium
test
MP-17
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
contrast
She wanted tea, not coffee.
She wanted tea.
[ "tea", "not coffee" ]
اسے چائے چاہیے تھی، کافی نہیں۔
easy
test
MP-18
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
contrast
The meeting is on Thursday, not Tuesday.
Meeting day is Thursday.
[ "Thursday", "not Tuesday" ]
میٹنگ جمعرات کو ہے، منگل کو نہیں۔
easy
test
MP-19
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
contrast
He is my cousin, not my brother.
Relationship is cousin.
[ "cousin", "not brother" ]
وہ میرا کزن ہے، بھائی نہیں۔
easy
dev
MP-20
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
contrast
Send the report to the manager, not to the client.
Recipient must be the manager only.
[ "manager", "not client" ]
رپورٹ مینیجر کو بھیجیں، کلائنٹ کو نہیں۔
medium
test
MP-21
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
agent_patient
The teacher thanked the student.
The teacher is the one thanking.
[ "teacher thanks", "student thanked" ]
استاد نے طالب علم کا شکریہ ادا کیا۔
easy
test
MP-22
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
agent_patient
The cat was chased by the dog.
The dog chased the cat.
[ "dog chases", "cat chased" ]
کتے نے بلی کا پیچھا کیا۔
medium
test
MP-23
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
agent_patient
Ayesha lent the book to Bilal, who later lost it.
Bilal borrowed and lost Ayesha's book.
[ "Ayesha lends", "Bilal loses it" ]
عائشہ نے کتاب بلال کو ادھار دی، جس نے بعد میں اسے گم کر دیا۔
medium
test
MP-24
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
agent_patient
My father asked my uncle to drive me home.
Uncle drives the speaker home at father's request.
[ "father asks", "uncle drives", "speaker taken home" ]
میرے والد نے میرے چچا سے کہا کہ وہ مجھے گھر چھوڑ آئیں۔
hard
test
MP-25
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
agent_patient
The company was sued by its former employee.
Former employee sued the company.
[ "employee sues", "company sued" ]
کمپنی کے سابق ملازم نے اس پر مقدمہ کر دیا۔
medium
test
MP-26
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
constrained_instruction
Take the medicine only after eating, never on an empty stomach.
Medicine after food only.
[ "after eating", "never empty stomach" ]
دوا صرف کھانا کھانے کے بعد لیں، خالی پیٹ کبھی نہیں۔
medium
test
MP-27
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
constrained_instruction
Do not give this syrup to children under two years old.
Forbidden for children younger than two.
[ "do not give", "under two years" ]
یہ شربت دو سال سے کم عمر بچوں کو نہ دیں۔
medium
test
MP-28
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
constrained_instruction
Store in a cool place and keep away from direct sunlight.
Cool storage, no direct sun.
[ "cool place", "away from sunlight" ]
ٹھنڈی جگہ پر رکھیں اور براہِ راست دھوپ سے بچائیں۔
easy
test
MP-29
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
constrained_instruction
Press the button once; pressing it twice will cancel the request.
Press once; twice cancels.
[ "press once", "twice cancels" ]
بٹن ایک بار دبائیں؛ دو بار دبانے سے درخواست منسوخ ہو جائے گی۔
medium
test
MP-30
meaning_preservation
translate_en_ur
constrained_instruction
In case of fire, use the stairs, not the lift.
During fire use stairs, avoid lift.
[ "stairs", "not lift" ]
آگ لگنے کی صورت میں لفٹ نہیں، سیڑھیاں استعمال کریں۔
medium
test
CS-01
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
english_verb_urdu_helper
Meeting kal shift kar dein, please.
Polite request to move the meeting to tomorrow.
[ "move meeting", "to tomorrow", "polite" ]
medium
test
CS-02
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
english_verb_urdu_helper
Mera laptop hang ho gaya hai, restart karna parega.
Laptop froze; it must be restarted.
[ "laptop froze", "needs restart" ]
easy
test
CS-03
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
negation_mixed
Deadline extend nahi hogi, aaj hi submit karo.
No extension; submit today.
[ "no extension", "submit today" ]
P01
medium
test
CS-04
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
english_verb_urdu_helper
Usne mujhe ignore nahi kiya, bas busy tha.
He didn't ignore me; he was just busy.
[ "not ignored", "was busy" ]
P02
medium
test
CS-05
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
time_word
Parson wali class cancel ho gayi thi, kal wali nahi.
Past tense: the class two days ago was cancelled, yesterday's was not.
[ "day before yesterday cancelled", "yesterday not cancelled" ]
hard
test
CS-06
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
office_tech
File ko zip kar ke email pe bhej do.
Compress the file and send it by email.
[ "zip file", "send by email" ]
easy
test
CS-07
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
office_tech
Password reset karna hai to IT wale se contact karo.
To reset the password, contact IT.
[ "password reset", "contact IT" ]
medium
dev
CS-08
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
office_tech
Server down hai, abhi koi deploy mat karna.
Server is down; don't deploy anything now.
[ "server down", "do not deploy" ]
P03
medium
test
CS-09
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
office_tech
Is ko Excel mein sort kar ke top five nikal lo.
Sort it in Excel and take the top five.
[ "sort in Excel", "take top five" ]
medium
test
CS-10
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
office_tech
Wifi ka signal weak hai, router ke paas baith jao.
Wifi is weak; sit near the router.
[ "weak signal", "sit near router" ]
easy
test
CS-11
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
time_word
Kal ka match dekha? Bara zabardast tha.
Asks if you watched yesterday's match; it was great.
[ "kal = yesterday", "match was great" ]
medium
test
CS-12
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
time_word
Kal subah 9 baje report ready honi chahiye.
Report must be ready by 9 am tomorrow.
[ "kal = tomorrow", "9 am", "report ready" ]
medium
test
CS-13
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
time_word
Parson tak payment clear ho jayegi.
Payment will clear by the day after tomorrow.
[ "parson = day after tomorrow", "payment clears" ]
P04
hard
test
CS-14
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
time_word
Weekend pe nahi, next Monday ko plan karte hain.
Not this weekend; plan for next Monday.
[ "not weekend", "next Monday" ]
medium
test
CS-15
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
english_verb_urdu_helper
Abhi abhi call aayi thi, baad mein callback karna.
A call just came; call back later.
[ "call just received", "call back later" ]
medium
test
CS-16
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
negation_mixed
Mujhe ye job offer accept nahi karni, salary kam hai.
Speaker won't accept the offer because the salary is low.
[ "not accepting", "low salary" ]
P05
medium
test
CS-17
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
english_verb_urdu_helper
Koi tension nahi, sab manage ho jayega.
Don't worry; everything will be handled.
[ "no worry", "will be managed" ]
easy
test
CS-18
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
negation_mixed
Main ne usay block nahi kiya, sirf mute kiya hai.
Only muted, not blocked.
[ "not blocked", "muted" ]
P06
medium
test
CS-19
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
negation_mixed
Order cancel mat karo, bas address update kar do.
Keep the order; just update the address.
[ "don't cancel", "update address" ]
P07
medium
test
CS-20
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
negation_mixed
Ye wala option select na karna, warna data delete ho jayega.
Don't choose this option or data will be deleted.
[ "don't select", "data deleted otherwise" ]
P08
medium
test
CS-21
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
spelling_variation
Mjhe nahin pta k wo kab aye ga.
I don't know when he will come.
[ "speaker doesn't know", "when he arrives" ]
medium
test
CS-22
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
spelling_variation
Kia tum ne assignment submit kr di?
Asks whether you submitted the assignment.
[ "question", "assignment submitted?" ]
easy
test
CS-23
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
spelling_variation
Mai thori der mein online hota hun.
I'll be online in a little while.
[ "soon", "online" ]
easy
test
CS-24
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
spelling_variation
Plz mjhe notes send kr do jb free ho.
Please send me the notes when you're free.
[ "send notes", "when free" ]
easy
test
CS-25
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
spelling_variation
Wo kehti hai k exam postpone hogaya hai.
She says the exam was postponed (reported, not confirmed).
[ "she says", "exam postponed", "hearsay" ]
medium
test
CS-26
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
multi_step_instruction
Pehle form fill karo, phir fee submit karna, warna admission confirm nahi hoga.
Fill form, then pay fee; otherwise admission not confirmed.
[ "form first", "then fee", "else no admission" ]
medium
test
CS-27
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
multi_step_instruction
Dawai khane ke baad lena, empty stomach pe nahi.
Take medicine after food, not on empty stomach.
[ "after food", "not empty stomach" ]
P09
medium
test
CS-28
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
multi_step_instruction
Left se second building mein third floor pe aa jao.
Come to third floor of the second building from the left.
[ "second from left", "third floor" ]
P10
medium
test
CS-29
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
multi_step_instruction
Agar traffic zyada ho to Uber book kar lena.
If traffic is heavy, book an Uber.
[ "conditional on traffic", "book Uber" ]
medium
test
CS-30
code_switching
explain_meaning_en
multi_step_instruction
Light off kar ke AC on kar do.
Turn the light off and the AC on.
[ "light off", "AC on" ]
easy
dev
CC-01
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
idiom
Uski to naak kat gayi.
He/she was publicly disgraced (not literal).
[ "idiom", "disgrace", "not literal" ]
medium
test
CC-02
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
idiom
Wo to Eid ka chand ho gaya hai.
That person is rarely seen these days.
[ "idiom", "rarely seen" ]
medium
test
CC-03
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
idiom
Ye to oont ke munh mein zeera hai.
Far too little for the need.
[ "idiom", "insufficient amount" ]
hard
test
CC-04
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
idiom
Naach na jaane aangan terha.
Blaming circumstances for one's own lack of skill.
[ "idiom", "excuse-making" ]
hard
test
CC-05
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
idiom
Uski daal nahi gali.
His scheme or attempt didn't work.
[ "idiom", "attempt failed" ]
medium
test
CC-06
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
polite_request
Aap se guzarish hai ke zara dekh lein.
Polite request to check or look into something.
[ "polite request", "check something" ]
medium
test
CC-07
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
polite_request
Agar zehmat na ho to darwaza band kar dein.
Polite request to close the door.
[ "polite", "close door" ]
easy
test
CC-08
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
polite_request
Tashreef rakhiye.
Please have a seat (formal, respectful).
[ "sit down", "respectful" ]
easy
test
CC-09
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
polite_request
Zara si baat karni thi, agar waqt ho to.
Polite request to talk briefly if the listener has time.
[ "wants to talk", "if you have time" ]
medium
dev
CC-10
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
polite_request
Kya main aap ka thora waqt le sakta hun?
Asks for a little of the listener's time.
[ "asking for time", "polite" ]
medium
test
CC-11
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hospitality
Khana kha kar jaiye ga.
Hospitable insistence: eat before leaving.
[ "eat before leaving", "hospitality" ]
medium
test
CC-12
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hospitality
Aap takalluf na karein.
Don't stand on formality / don't trouble yourself.
[ "no formality needed" ]
medium
test
CC-13
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hospitality
Ye to aap ka apna ghar hai.
Make yourself at home (not a literal ownership claim).
[ "welcome", "not literal ownership" ]
medium
test
CC-14
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hospitality
Chai ke baghair nahi jaane denge.
Warm insistence that guest have tea before leaving.
[ "insist on tea", "affectionate, not a threat" ]
medium
test
CC-15
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hospitality
Bas thora sa aur le lein.
Host urging guest to take a bit more food.
[ "offer more food", "hospitality" ]
easy
test
CC-16
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hedging
Inshallah kal tak ho jaye ga.
Hopefully done by tomorrow; not a firm promise.
[ "by tomorrow", "hedged" ]
medium
test
CC-17
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hedging
Dekhte hain.
Noncommittal; often a polite no or maybe.
[ "noncommittal", "not a yes" ]
hard
test
CC-18
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hedging
Koshish karunga.
Will try, without guarantee.
[ "will try", "no guarantee" ]
easy
test
CC-19
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hedging
Shayad aa jaun, pakka nahi keh sakta.
Might come; can't confirm.
[ "maybe come", "not certain" ]
medium
test
CC-20
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
hedging
Haan haan, ho jaye ga.
Casual reassurance; may be dismissive rather than committed.
[ "reassurance", "possibly dismissive" ]
hard
test
CC-21
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
honorific_address
Abbu ne kaha hai ke aap foran aa jayen.
Father says you should come immediately (respectful 'aap').
[ "father's message", "come immediately", "respectful" ]
medium
test
CC-22
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
honorific_address
Aap ne bulaya tha?
Respectfully asks if the listener called for them.
[ "did you call me", "respectful" ]
easy
test
CC-23
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
honorific_address
Tum yahan kya kar rahe ho?
Informal, possibly blunt: what are you doing here?
[ "informal tum", "possible surprise/annoyance" ]
medium
dev
CC-24
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
honorific_address
Baji, aap ki call hai.
Telling an elder sister / respected older woman she has a call.
[ "Baji = elder sister/respected woman", "phone call for her" ]
medium
test
CC-25
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
honorific_address
Bhai sahab, zara raasta de dein.
Polite request to a man (not a brother) to make way.
[ "respectful address to stranger", "make way" ]
medium
test
CC-26
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
sarcasm_tone
Wah, bohot jaldi aa gaye, sirf do ghante late.
Sarcastic: you are very late.
[ "sarcasm", "two hours late" ]
medium
test
CC-27
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
sarcasm_tone
Haan bilkul, tum to sab jaante ho.
Sarcastic: you think you know everything.
[ "sarcasm", "not praise" ]
medium
test
CC-28
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
sarcasm_tone
Bari meherbani aap ki ke aap ne yaad to kiya.
Complaint about being neglected, phrased as thanks.
[ "sarcastic thanks", "felt neglected" ]
hard
test
CC-29
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
sarcasm_tone
Kya baat hai, aaj suraj kahan se nikla?
Surprise at someone's unusual behaviour.
[ "idiomatic surprise", "unusual behaviour" ]
medium
test
CC-30
cultural_context
explain_meaning_en
sarcasm_tone
Bas yehi reh gaya tha.
Exasperation: this is the last straw.
[ "exasperation", "last straw" ]
medium
test
AD-01
accessibility_description
describe_ur
spatial
A dog is sleeping under the table, and a cat is sitting on top of it.
Dog under, cat on the table.
[ "dog under table", "cat on table" ]
میز کے نیچے ایک کتا سو رہا ہے اور میز کے اوپر ایک بلی بیٹھی ہے۔
medium
test
AD-02
accessibility_description
describe_ur
spatial
The stairs are to your right, and the lift is straight ahead.
Stairs right; lift ahead.
[ "stairs right", "lift ahead" ]
سیڑھیاں آپ کے دائیں طرف ہیں اور لفٹ بالکل سامنے ہے۔
medium
test
AD-03
accessibility_description
describe_ur
spatial
A cup of tea is on the left side of the plate.
Tea cup left of plate.
[ "cup", "left of plate" ]
پلیٹ کے بائیں طرف چائے کا ایک کپ رکھا ہے۔
easy
test
AD-04
accessibility_description
describe_ur
spatial
The shopkeeper is standing behind the counter, and a customer is in front of it.
Shopkeeper behind, customer in front.
[ "shopkeeper behind", "customer in front" ]
دکاندار کاؤنٹر کے پیچھے کھڑا ہے اور ایک گاہک اس کے سامنے ہے۔
medium
test
AD-05
accessibility_description
describe_ur
spatial
The keys are inside the drawer, not on top of the desk.
Keys in drawer.
[ "inside drawer", "not on desk" ]
چابیاں دراز کے اندر ہیں، میز کے اوپر نہیں۔
medium
test
AD-06
accessibility_description
describe_ur
attribute_binding
Two children are sitting on a bench; the boy is holding a red kite, the girl is not holding anything.
Boy has red kite; girl empty-handed.
[ "boy holds red kite", "girl holds nothing" ]
دو بچے بینچ پر بیٹھے ہیں؛ لڑکے کے ہاتھ میں سرخ پتنگ ہے اور لڑکی کے ہاتھ میں کچھ نہیں۔
hard
test
AD-07
accessibility_description
describe_ur
attribute_binding
A man in a blue shirt is helping an elderly woman cross the street at a zebra crossing.
Man helps elderly woman at crossing.
[ "blue shirt man", "helps elderly woman", "zebra crossing" ]
نیلی قمیض پہنے ایک آدمی زیبرا کراسنگ پر ایک بزرگ خاتون کو سڑک پار کرنے میں مدد دے رہا ہے۔
medium
test
AD-08
accessibility_description
describe_ur
attribute_binding
The woman in the green dupatta is holding a baby; the man next to her is carrying bags.
Woman: baby; man: bags.
[ "green dupatta woman holds baby", "man carries bags" ]
سبز دوپٹے والی خاتون نے ایک بچہ اٹھایا ہوا ہے اور اس کے ساتھ کھڑے آدمی نے تھیلے اٹھائے ہوئے ہیں۔
hard
test
AD-09
accessibility_description
describe_ur
attribute_binding
The older boy is wearing glasses; the younger boy is not.
Only the older boy wears glasses.
[ "older boy glasses", "younger boy no glasses" ]
بڑے لڑکے نے عینک لگائی ہوئی ہے، چھوٹے لڑکے نے نہیں۔
medium
test
AD-10
accessibility_description
describe_ur
attribute_binding
A white car is parked next to a black motorcycle.
White car beside black motorcycle.
[ "white car", "black motorcycle" ]
ایک سفید گاڑی ایک کالی موٹر سائیکل کے ساتھ کھڑی ہے۔
easy
test
End of preview.

Urdu Meaning-Preservation Eval

Does a small open-weight model (Qwen/Qwen3-4B) preserve meaning — not just fluency — across English, Urdu and code-switched Urdu-English?

Categories

Code Category Task
MP Meaning preservation (negation, quantity, conditionals, agents) EN → UR translation
CS Code-switching (Roman Urdu + English) Explain meaning in English
CC Cultural context (idioms, politeness, hedging) Explain meaning in English
AD Accessibility descriptions (spatial, numbers, attribute binding) EN scene → spoken-style UR description

Files

  • dataset_seed.jsonl — inputs, expected meaning, key points, reference Urdu
  • raw_outputs.jsonl — model outputs (greedy decoding, 4-bit, thinking disabled)
  • scored.csv — human judgments
  • summary_by_category.csv — aggregate results

Rubric

semantic_pass (0/1), complete (0/1), naturalness (1–3), context_ok (0/1), accessible (1–3), error_type. Fluency is scored separately from meaning, so a fluent-but-wrong answer fails.

Results

Category Task Pass rate What it means
English control Explain meaning in English 100% Perfect in plain English
Code-switching Explain mixed Urdu-English 75% Mostly understands mixed language
Cultural context Explain idioms, respect words, tone 43% Often misses hidden meaning
Meaning preservation Translate English → Urdu 0% Every translation was wrong
Accessibility descriptions Describe a scene in Urdu 0% Every description was wrong
Overall 122 questions 35% 23 answers sounded good but were wrong

Answers to the Questions

Question Answer
1. Blind spot I speak Urdu, English and a mix of both every day. AI tests mostly check whether an answer sounds right, not whether the meaning stays the same across languages. Urdu idioms, respect words (like "aap") and sarcasm carry hidden meaning that AI misses. This matters most for native Urdu speakers who rely on AI to describe things to them.
2. Evaluation I tested Qwen3-4B with 122 questions in 5 groups, scoring meaning separately from fluency. It understood mixed Urdu-English well (75%) but could not write correct Urdu at all (0%). It got negation statements, numbers, positions and colors wrong. In English, it scored 100%, so the problem is the language, not the model's thinking.
3. Path forward The model needs to be trained on a proper Urdu dataset which includes idioms and sarcasm, inshort tricky sentence which literally means something but is used in a different context, since it failed mostly on it. A proper Urdu tokenizer which doesn't chop off one single word into pieces is also needed.

Limitations

Examples were drafted with an AI assistant, then reviewed and corrected by the author, a native Urdu speaker. Small, single-annotator (unless noted) dataset; Roman-Urdu spelling varies; one model, one prompt per task.

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