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value | source_quote stringlengths 141 548 | state stringlengths 2 2 | supervised_hours stringlengths 4 87 ⌀ | url stringlengths 58 58 | verified_fields listlengths 7 9 | derived_fields listlengths 1 1 ⌀ | footnotes stringlengths 87 1.5k ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 months | ak | 16 | 14 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | no passengers younger than 21 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | AK | 14 | 6 months | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night or in inclement weather | 16 | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | no passengers younger than 21 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | AK | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night or in inclement weather | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ak/ | [
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6 months | al | 16 | 15 | age 17 and licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | midnight-6 a.m. | no more than one passenger | age 17 and licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | AL | 15 Footnote 1 | 6 months Footnote 1 | 50 hours (none with driver education) | 16 | midnight-6 a.m. | no more than one passenger | age 17 and licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | age 17 and licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | AL | 50 hours (none with driver education) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/al/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 1: In Alabama, the supervising driver must be a parent, guardian, grandparent or driving instructor. At age 16, permit holders may drive with a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old. |
6 months | ar | 16 | 14 | age 18 | 11 p.m.-4 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | age 18 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | AR | 14 Footnote 3 | 6 months Footnote 3 | none | 16 Footnote 4 | 11 p.m.-4 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | age 18 | age 18 | AR | none | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ar/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 3: In Arkansas, 14 year-olds can drive with an instruction permit after passing a written test. After passing a road test they are eligible for a learner's license. Unsupervised driving is not permitted by holders of either the instruction permit or learner's license. The combined holding period for the permit... |
6 months | az | 16 | 15, 6 months | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | AZ | 15, 6 months Footnote 2 | 6 months | 30 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | 16 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 6 mo... | AZ | 30 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/az/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 2: In Arizona, a driver education instructor can authorize an enrolled student who is 15 to drive only while supervised by the authorizing instructor. |
6 months | ca | 16 | 15, 6 months | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no passengers younger than 20 (limited exception for immediate family) secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | CA | 15, 6 months Footnote 5 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 5 | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no passengers younger than 20 (limited exception for immediate family) secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | CA | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ca/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 5: In California, students enrolled in driver education may drive while supervised by an instructor. License applicants who do not take driver education must wait until age 18 for a license. They are not required to go through an intermediate license stage. |
12 months | co | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers; second 6 months—no more than one passenger secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | CO | 15 Footnote 6 | 12 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers; second 6 months—no more than one passenger secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | licensed for 12 months or age ... | CO | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/co/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 6: In Colorado, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed driver education within six months of applying for the permit. Applicants who are 18 through 20 years must complete a 4-hour prequalification driver awareness program. |
6 months (4 months with driver education) | ct | 16, 4 months | 16 | age 18 | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers other than parents or a driving instructor; second 6 months—no passengers other than parents, driving instructor or members of the immediate family | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17, 4 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | CT | 16 Footnote 7 | 6 months Footnote 7 (4 months with driver education) | 40 hours Footnote 7 | 16, 4 months Footnote 7 | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers other than parents or a driving instructor; second 6 months—no passengers other than parents, driving instructor or members of the immediate family ... | CT | 40 hours | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ct/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 7: In Connecticut, either driver education or home training is required for license applicants younger than 18. Permit holders may not carry any passengers aside from the person providing instruction, parents or guardians. Time spent practice driving with a professional instructor counts toward the 40-hour cer... |
6 months | dc | 16, 6 months | 16 | licensed for 6 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 18) | September–June: 11 p.m.-6 a.m. Sun.–Thur., 12:01 a.m.-6 a.m. Sat.–Sun.; July–August: 12:01 a.m.-6 a.m. | no passengers | licensed 6 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 18) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | DC | 16 Footnote 9 | 6 months Footnote 9 | 40 hours in learner’s stage; 10 hours at night in intermediate stage | 16, 6 months Footnote 10 | September–June: 11 p.m.-6 a.m. Sun.–Thur., 12:01 a.m.-6 a.m. Sat.–Sun.; July–August: 12:01 a.m.-6 a.m. Footnote 10 | no passengers Footnote 10 | licensed for 6 months or age 21, w... | DC | 40 hours in learner’s stage; 10 hours at night in intermediate stage | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/dc/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 9: In the District of Columbia, license applicants younger than 21 must go through the intermediate stage until they have completed it or until they turn 21. The learner's stage is mandatory for the intermediate stage. A nighttime restriction (9 p.m.-6 a.m.) applies in the learner stage. | Footnote 10: In the ... |
6 months | de | 16, 6 months | 16 | licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | DE | 16 Footnote 8 | 6 months Footnote 8 | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 8 | 16, 6 months Footnote 8 | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. Footnote 8 | no more than 1 passenger Footnote 8 | licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | licensed for 6 months (min. age: 17) | DE | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/de/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 8: In Delaware, a driver education student does not need a permit to drive with a driver education instructor. After completing the on-road requirements of driver education, a driver education student who is at least 15 years, 10 months may apply for a Driver Education Learner's Permit, which allows the studen... |
12 months | fl | 16 | 15 | age 18 | 11 p.m.-6 a.m. for 16 year-olds; 1 a.m.-5 a.m. for 17 year-olds | none | none | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | FL | 15 Footnote 11 | 12 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 | 11 p.m.-6 a.m. for 16 year-olds; 1 a.m.-5 a.m. for 17 year-olds | none | age 18 | none | FL | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/fl/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 11: In Florida, learner's permit holders may not drive after sunset for the first three months and thereafter may not drive after 10 p.m. Permit applicants must have completed driver education. Applicants who are 18 years of age or older must complete an approved traffic and substance abuse education course. |
12 months | ga | 16 | 15 | age 18 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers; second 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 21; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers secondary enforcement | age 18 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | GA | 15 | 12 months | 40 hours, 6 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 12 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers; second 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 21; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers secondary enforcement | age 18 | age 18 | GA | 40 hours, 6 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ga/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 12: In Georgia, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed driver education. |
6 months | hi | 16 | 15, 6 months | licensed for 6 months and age 17 (min. age: 17) | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 (household members excepted) | licensed for 6 months and age 17 (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | HI | 15, 6 months | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 13 | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 (household members excepted) | licensed for 6 months and age 17 (min. age: 17) | licensed for 6 months and age 17 (min. age: 17) | HI | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/hi/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 13: In Hawaii, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed driver education. |
12 months | ia | 16 | 14 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | 12:30 a.m.-5 a.m. | parental discretion | none | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | IA | 14 Footnote 19 | 12 months | 20 hours, 2 of which must be at night Footnote 20 | 16 Footnote 20 , Footnote 21 | 12:30 a.m.-5 a.m. | parental discretion Footnote 22 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | none | IA | 20 hours, 2 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ia/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 19: In Iowa, the department may issue a special minor’s restricted license to an applicant between the ages of 14 and 18 years if the applicant has completed driver education or demonstrates hardship and has held an instruction permit for at least 6 months. A special minor’s restricted license limits unsupervi... |
6 months | id | 15 | 14, 6 months | age 16 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | licensees 16 and younger can have no more than 1 passenger younger than 17 | licensed for 6 months or age 17 (min. age: 15, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | ID | 14, 6 months Footnote 14 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 15 Footnote 14 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | licensees 16 and younger can have no more than 1 passenger younger than 17 | age 16 | licensed for 6 months or age 17 (min. age: 15, 6 mos.) | ID | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/id/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 14: In Idaho, license applicants younger than 17 must have completed driver education. Eligible students may receive the in-car observation and behind-the-wheel instruction components from a qualifying parent or guardian. There are three classes of learner's permits — a training instruction permit for people 1... |
9 months | il | 16 | 15 | age 18 | starts 10 p.m. Sun.-Thur., 11 p.m. Fri.-Sat., ends 6 a.m. | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months or age 18 (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | IL | 15 Footnote 15 | 9 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 16 | starts 10 p.m. Sun.-Thur., 11 p.m. Fri.-Sat., ends 6 a.m. | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 | age 18 | licensed for 12 months or age 18 (min. age: 17) | IL | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/il/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 15: In Illinois, enrollment in driver education is required for permit applicants. | Footnote 16: In Illinois, license applicants 18 through 20 years of age who did not take driver's education in school must complete a 6 hour adult driver education course. |
6 months | in | 16 | 15 | age 18 and licensed for 6 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age 18) | first 6 months, 10 p.m.-5 a.m.; thereafter, 11 p.m.-5 a.m. Sun.–Fri.; 1 a.m.-5 a.m. Sat.–Sun. | no passengers | licensed for 6 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos. or 17, 3 mos. without driver education) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | IN | 15 Footnote 17 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 17 | first 6 months, 10 p.m.-5 a.m.; thereafter, 11 p.m.-5 a.m. Sun.–Fri.; 1 a.m.-5 a.m. Sat.–Sun. Footnote 18 | no passengers Footnote 18 | age 18 and licensed for 6 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age 18) Footnote 18 ... | IN | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/in/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 17: In Indiana, driver education determines the minimum age for permits and the intermediate license. People enrolled in or who have completed driver education must be age 15 to have a permit; otherwise, they must be age 16. The minimum age for an intermediate license is 16 months with driver education and 16,... |
12 months | ks | 16 | 14 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 9 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than one passenger younger than 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | KS | 14 Footnote 23 | 12 months | 25 hours, in learner phase; 25 hours before age 16; 10 of the 50 hours must be at night Footnote 23 | 16 Footnote 23 | 9 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than one passenger younger than 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 6 months o... | KS | 25 hours, in learner phase; 25 hours before age 16; 10 of the 50 hours must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ks/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 23: In Kansas, drivers age 15 but not yet 16 may be granted a restricted license if they have completed driver training. Restricted license holders younger than 16 may not drive unless supervised other than to and from school or work via the most direct route and may not carry minor passengers other than sibli... |
6 months | ky | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | midnight-6 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 unless supervised by a driving instructor secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | KY | 15 Footnote 24 | 6 months Footnote 24 | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 24 | 16 | midnight-6 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 unless supervised by a driving instructor secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | licensed for 6 mont... | KY | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ky/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 24: Kentucky law prohibits learner's permit holders from driving between midnight and 6 a.m. or from carrying more than one passenger younger than 20 unless supervised by a driving instructor. |
6 months | la | 16 | 15 | age 17 | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than one passenger younger than 21 between the hours of 6 pm-5 am; no passenger restriction from 5 am-6 pm | age 17 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | LA | 15 | 6 months | 50 hours, 15 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 25 | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than one passenger younger than 21 between the hours of 6 pm-5 am; no passenger restriction from 5 am-6 pm | age 17 | age 17 | LA | 50 hours, 15 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/la/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 25: In Louisiana, all driver’s license applicants must complete a driver education course. |
6 months | ma | 16, 6 months | 16 | age 18 | 12:30 a.m.-5 a.m. (between 12:30 a.m.-1 a.m. and 4 a.m.-5 a.m. the night driving and passenger restrictions are subject to secondary enforcement; enforcement is primary at all other times) | no passengers younger than 18 (between 12:30 am–1 am and 4 am–5 am the night driving and passenger restrictions are secondarily enforced; enforcement is primary at all other times) | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MA | 16 Footnote 31 | 6 months Footnote 31 | 40 hours Footnote 32 | 16, 6 months Footnote 33 | 12:30 a.m.-5 a.m. (between 12:30 a.m.-1 a.m. and 4 a.m.-5 a.m. the night driving and passenger restrictions are subject to secondary enforcement; enforcement is primary at all other times) | no passengers younger than 18 (bet... | MA | 40 hours | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ma/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 31: In Massachusetts, the night driving restriction for permit holders younger than 18 is midnight to 5 a.m., unless they are accompanied by a licensed parent or guardian. | Footnote 32: In Massachusetts, the requirement for supervised driving is 30 hours for applicants who have successfully completed a driver... |
9 months | md | 16, 6 months | 15, 9 months | age 18 | midnight-5 a.m. | no passengers younger than 18 secondary enforcement | licensed for 5 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 11 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MD | 15, 9 months Footnote 27 | 9 months Footnote 28 | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 29 | 16, 6 months | midnight-5 a.m. Footnote 30 | no passengers younger than 18 Footnote 30 secondary enforcement | age 18 | licensed for 5 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 11 mos.) | MD | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/md/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 27: In Maryland, driver education is required regardless of applicant age. | Footnote 28: In Maryland, license applicants who are 19 years old (or 18 with a high school diploma) but younger than 25 must hold a learner's permit for three months before taking the road test. All applicants 25 and older must hold ... |
6 months | me | 16 | 15 | licensed for 9 months (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | midnight-5 a.m. | no passengers | licensed for 9 months (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | ME | 15 Footnote 26 | 6 months Footnote 26 | 70 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 26 | midnight-5 a.m. Footnote 26 | no passengers Footnote 26 | licensed for 9 months (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) Footnote 26 | licensed for 9 months (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) Footnote 26 | ME | 70 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/me/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 26: In Maine, driver education is required for a permit and a license if the applicant is younger than 18. The learner's permit holding period and the certification of practice driving applies to license applicants younger than 21. The period of license restrictions may extend beyond the person's 18th birthday... |
6 months | mi | 16 | 14, 9 months | licensed for 6 months and age 17 or age 18 (min. age 17) | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 6 months and age 17 or age 18 (min. age 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MI | 14, 9 months Footnote 34 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 35 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 6 months and age 17 or age 18 (min. age 17) | licensed for 6 months and age 17 or age 18 (min. age 17) | MI | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/mi/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 34: In Michigan, permit applicants younger than 18 must have completed the first segment of driver education. | Footnote 35: In Michigan, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed the second segment of driver education. Neither driver education nor an intermediate license is required for license a... |
6 months | mn | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 20; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MN | 15 Footnote 36 | 6 months Footnote 37 | 40 hours, 15 of which must be at night Footnote 38 | 16 Footnote 39 | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 20; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | lice... | MN | 40 hours, 15 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/mn/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 36: In Minnesota, permit applicants younger than 18 must be enrolled in driver education. An optional 90-minute supplemental curriculum for parents is to be established by July 1, 2014, to provide information concerning graduated licensing, safety risks and the potential influence of adults on driving behavior... |
6 months | mo | 16 | 15 | age 18 | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 19; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers younger than 19 | age 18 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MO | 15 | 6 months | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 19; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers younger than 19 | age 18 Footnote 41 | age 18 Footnote 41 | MO | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/mo/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 41: In Missouri, licensees within the 30 days immediately preceding their eighteenth birthday who have clean records may apply for and receive full driving privileges. |
12 months | ms | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. Sun.-Thur., 11:30 p.m.-6 a.m. Fri.-Sat. | none | none | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MS | 15 | 12 months | none | 16 Footnote 40 | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. Sun.-Thur., 11:30 p.m.-6 a.m. Fri.-Sat. | none | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | none | MS | none | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ms/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 40: In Mississippi, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed driver education. |
6 months | mt | 15 | 14, 6 months | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16) | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 18; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 18 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | MT | 14, 6 months Footnote 42 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 43 | 15 Footnote 44 | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 18; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 18 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16) |... | MT | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/mt/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 42: In Montana, enrollment in or completion of driver education is required for permit applicants younger than 15. | Footnote 43: If a Montana license applicant completed an alternative online traffic education course approved by the department of justice and the hands-on driving component was taught by the pa... |
9 months | nc | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 9 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NC | 15 Footnote 53 , Footnote 54 | 9 months | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 55 , Footnote 56 | 9 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 Footnote 57 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs... | NC | 60 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nc/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 53: In North Carolina, driver education is required for permit applicants younger than 18. | Footnote 54: In North Carolina, learner’s permit holders may not drive between 9 p.m. and 5 a.m. for the first six months. | Footnote 55: In North Carolina, driver education is required for license applicants younger t... |
null | nd | 16; 15 for a parent requested restricted license | 14 | age 16 | The holder of a restricted license may only drive a car belonging to a parent or guardian and may not drive between the later of sunset or 9 p.m. and 5 a.m. | none | none | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | ND | 14 | 16; 15 for a parent requested restricted license Footnote 58 | The holder of a restricted license may only drive a car belonging to a parent or guardian and may not drive between the later of sunset or 9 p.m. and 5 a.m. | none | age 16 | none | ND | null | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nd/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 58: In North Dakota, driver education is required for license applicants younger than 16. |
6 months | ne | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | midnight-6 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 19 secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NE | 15 Footnote 45 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | 16 | midnight-6 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 19 secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | licensed for 6 months or age 18, ... | NE | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ne/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 45: In Nebraska, students who are at least 14 years and two months of age and who either live outside or attend school outside a metropolitan area may be issued a learner’s permit (called an “LPE permit”) and a limited license (called a “school permit”). The LPE permit authorizes supervised driving for the pur... |
none | nh | 16 | 15, 6 months | age 18 | 1 a.m.-4 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 25 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NH | 15, 6 months Footnote 47 | none | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 | 1 a.m.-4 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 25 | age 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | NH | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nh/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 47: New Hampshire does not issue learner's permits. At age 15, 6 months a person can drive while supervised by a licensed driver 25 or older. License applicants who are younger than 18 must take driver education. |
6 months | nj | 17 | 16 | licensed for 12 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 18) | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger (exception is limited to drivers' dependents) | licensed for 12 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 18) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NJ | 16 Footnote 48 | 6 months Footnote 48 | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 17 Footnote 48 | 11 p.m. - 5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger (exception is limited to drivers' dependents) | licensed for 12 months or age 21, whichever occurs first (min. age: 18) | licensed for 12 months or age 21, whichever occurs ... | NJ | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nj/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 48: In New Jersey, the permit becomes an intermediate license after six months for drivers younger than 21 and after 3 months for drivers 21 and older. The graduated licensing law applies to adults, except that the night driving and passenger restrictions are waived for new drivers 21 and older. If the applica... |
6 months | nm | 15, 6 months | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NM | 15 Footnote 49 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 15, 6 months Footnote 50 | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mo... | NM | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nm/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 49: In New Mexico, permit applicants younger than 18 must be enrolled in driver education. | Footnote 50: In New Mexico, license applicants younger than 18 must have completed driver education. |
6 months | nv | 16 | 15, 6 months | age 18 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no passengers younger than 18 secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NV | 15, 6 months | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with defensive driving course) | 16 Footnote 46 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no passengers younger than 18 secondary enforcement | age 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | NV | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with defensive driving course) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/nv/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 46: In Nevada, driver education is required of all license applicants younger than 18 unless there is no driver education program offered within a 30-mile radius of the applicant's residence. |
6 months | ny | 16, 6 months | 16 | age 17 with driver education; age 18 without (min. age: 17) | 9 p.m.-5 a.m. except for NYC (unsupervised driving prohibited at all times) and Long Island (limited daytime unsupervised driving) | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | age 17 with driver education; age 18 without (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | NY | 16 | 6 months | 50 hours, 15 of which must be at night | 16, 6 months | 9 p.m.-5 a.m. except for NYC (unsupervised driving prohibited at all times) and Long Island (limited daytime unsupervised driving) Footnote 51 | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 Footnote 51 | age 17 with driver education; age 18 withou... | NY | 50 hours, 15 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ny/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 51: In the five boroughs of New York City, Class DJ or MJ junior license holders are prohibited from driving under all circumstances, regardless of where the license was obtained; therefore, there are no applicable passenger restrictions in the city. Unsupervised New York City driving may begin as early as age... |
6 months | oh | 16 | 15, 6 months | licensed for 24 months (min. age: 18) | midnight-6 a.m. (first 12 months), 1 a.m.-5 a.m. (second 12 months) secondary enforcement | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | OH | 15, 6 months | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 59 | midnight-6 a.m. (first 12 months), 1 a.m.-5 a.m. (second 12 months) secondary enforcement | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 24 months (min. age: 18) | licensed for 12 months (min. age: 17) | OH | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/oh/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 59: In Ohio, driver education is required of license applicants younger than 21. Additionally, they are required to have an affidavit signed by an eligible adult attesting that they have acquired at least fifty hours of actual driving experience, with at least ten of those hours being at night. |
6 months | ok | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months with driver education, or 12 months without or age 18 (min age: 16, 6 mos.) | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 6 months with driver education, 12 months without or age 18 (min age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | OK | 15 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 60 | 16 | 10 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger Footnote 61 | licensed for 6 months with driver education, or 12 months without or age 18 (min age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 6 months with driver education, 12 months without or age 18 (min age: 16... | OK | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ok/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 60: In Oklahoma, learner's permit holders may only operate a motor vehicle between the hours of 5 a.m. and 10 p.m. | Footnote 61: In Oklahoma, a person who has been issued an intermediate Class D license shall not operate a motor vehicle with more than one passenger unless all passengers live in the same house... |
6 months | or | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | midnight-5 a.m. | first 6 months–no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months–no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | OR | 15 | 6 months | 50 hours Footnote 62 (100 hours without driver education) | 16 Footnote 62 | midnight-5 a.m. | first 6 months–no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months–no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | licensed for 12 months o... | OR | 50 hours (100 hours without driver education) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/or/ | [
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"footnotes"
] | Footnote 62: In Oregon, driver education is required of license applicants younger than 18. However, it is waived for applicants who certify an additional 50 hours of supervised driving. The night and passenger restrictions do not apply to the holder of a provisional driver license who is 18 or older. |
6 months | pa | 16, 6 months | 16 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 with driver education or age 18 (min. age: 17) | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months— no more than 1 passenger younger than 18; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers | licensed for 12 months and age 17 with driver education or age 18 (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | PA | 16 | 6 months | 65 hours, 10 of which must be at night and 5 of which must be in inclement weather | 16, 6 months | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | first 6 months— no more than 1 passenger younger than 18; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers | licensed for 12 months and age 17 with driver education or age 18 (min. age: 17) | l... | PA | 65 hours, 10 of which must be at night and 5 of which must be in inclement weather | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/pa/ | [
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6 months | ri | 16, 6 months | 16 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17, 6 mos.) | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | RI | 16 Footnote 63 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16, 6 months Footnote 64 | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17, 6 mos.) | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17, 6 mos.... | RI | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ri/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 63: In Rhode Island, driver education is required of permit applicants younger than 18. | Footnote 64: In Rhode Island, driver education is required of license applicants younger than 18. Parents or guardians of applicants who are younger than 18 are required to attend a course of instruction on the content of... |
6 months | sc | 15, 6 months | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 6 p.m.-6 a.m. EST; 8 p.m.-6 a.m. EDT | no more than 2 passengers younger than 21 unless transporting students to and from school | licensed for 12 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | SC | 15 | 6 months Footnote 65 | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 15, 6 months | 6 p.m.-6 a.m. EST; 8 p.m.-6 a.m. EDT | no more than 2 passengers younger than 21 unless transporting students to and from school | licensed for 12 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | licensed for 12 mo... | SC | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/sc/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 65: In South Carolina, applicants 18 and older must hold the learner permit for 30 days before attempting the driving test. |
9 months (6 months with driver education) | sd | 14, 9 months (14, 6 months with driver education) | 14 | age 16 | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers; thereafter—no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 16, whichever occurs first (min. age: 15, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | SD | 14 Footnote 66 | 9 months (6 months with driver education) | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night and 10 of which must be during inclement weather | 14, 9 months (14, 6 months with driver education) | 10 p.m.-6 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers; thereafter—no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 | age 16 | li... | SD | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night and 10 of which must be during inclement weather | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/sd/ | [
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"nighttime_restriction",
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 66: In South Dakota, learner's permit holders may not drive between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. unless under the supervision of a parent or guardian. |
6 months | tn | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | 11 p.m.-6 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | TN | 15 Footnote 67 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 67 | 16 | 11 p.m.-6 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | TN | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/tn/ | [
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"nighttime_restriction",
"passenger_restriction",
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"supervised_hours"
] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 67: Learner’s permit holders in Tennessee may not drive from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. |
6 months | tx | 16 | 15 | age 18 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 secondary enforcement | age 18 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | TX | 15 Footnote 68 | 6 months | 30 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 69 | midnight-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | no more than 1 passenger younger than 21 secondary enforcement | age 18 | age 18 | TX | 30 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/tx/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 68: In Texas, people who are 15 or older but under 18 must satisfactorily complete and pass the classroom phase of an approved driver education course to be issued a permit. | Footnote 69: In Texas, the minimum license age is 18 for applicants who have not completed driver education. |
6 months | ut | 16 | 15 | age 17 | midnight-5 a.m. | no passengers secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | UT | 15 Footnote 70 | 6 months | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 70 , Footnote 71 | 16 Footnote 72 | midnight-5 a.m. | no passengers secondary enforcement | age 17 | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | UT | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ut/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 70: In Utah, permit holders younger than 18 may only drive under the supervision of a driving instructor, parent, step-parent, foster parent, legal guardian or a responsible adult who has accepted liability for the permit holder's driving by signing the permit application. Permit applicants younger than 19 mus... |
9 months | va | 16, 3 months | 15, 6 months | age 18 | midnight-4 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 21; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers younger than 21 secondary enforcement | age 18 | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | VA | 15, 6 months Footnote 74 | 9 months Footnote 74 | 45 hours, 15 of which must be at night | 16, 3 months Footnote 75 | midnight-4 a.m. Footnote 74 secondary enforcement | first 12 months—no more than 1 passenger younger than 21; thereafter, no more than 3 passengers younger than 21 secondary enforcement | age 18 | ... | VA | 45 hours, 15 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/va/ | [
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"night_restriction_lifted",
"passenger_restriction",
"passenger_restriction_lifted",
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 74: In Virginia, the night driving restriction and passenger restrictions apply to learner's permit holders. | Footnote 75: In Virginia, driver education is required for license applicants younger than 22. Driver education programs for students younger than 18 includes a 90-minute segment for parents. Parental... |
12 months | vt | 16 | 15 | none | none | first 3 months—no passengers without exception; second 3 months—no passengers secondary enforcement | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | VT | 15 | 12 months | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 73 | none | first 3 months—no passengers without exception; second 3 months—no passengers secondary enforcement | none | licensed for 6 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | VT | 40 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/vt/ | [
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"passenger_restriction",
"passenger_restriction_lifted",
"state",
"supervised_hours"
] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 73: In Vermont, driver education is required for license applicants younger than 18. |
6 months | wa | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | WA | 15 Footnote 76 | 6 months | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 77 | 1 a.m.-5 a.m. secondary enforcement | first 6 months—no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months—no more than 3 passengers younger than 20 secondary enforcement | licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. ... | WA | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/wa/ | [
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"passenger_restriction_lifted",
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"supervised_hours"
] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 76: In Washington, permit applicants must be enrolled in driver education; otherwise, the minimum permit age is 15, 6 months. | Footnote 77: In Washington, applicants younger than 18 are required to complete driver education. The state is phasing in a new requirement that will extend this age to applicants you... |
6 months | wi | 16 | 15 | licensed for 9 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 9 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | WI | 15 Footnote 80 | 6 months Footnote 80 | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night Footnote 80 | 16 Footnote 81 | midnight-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger | licensed for 9 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | licensed for 9 months or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 9 mos.) | WI | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/wi/ | [
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"night_restriction_lifted",
"nighttime_restriction",
"passenger_restriction",
"passenger_restriction_lifted",
"state",
"supervised_hours"
] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 80: In Wisconsin, enrollment in driver education is required for permit applicants younger than 18. During the learner’s stage, permit holders may carry three passengers if supervised by a driving instructor in a dual-control vehicle. Permit holders 16 and older may carry one passenger 25 or older who has been... |
6 months | wv | 16 | 15 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | 10 p.m. - 5 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months–no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. age: 17) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | WV | 15 Footnote 79 | 6 months Footnote 79 | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | 16 | 10 p.m. - 5 a.m. | first 6 months—no passengers younger than 20; second 6 months–no more than 1 passenger younger than 20 | licensed for 12 months and age 17 or age 18, whichever occurs first (min. ag... | WV | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night (none with driver education) | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/wv/ | [
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"passenger_restriction",
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 79: In West Virginia, learner’s permit holders younger than 18 may not drive between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. and may not carry more than two passengers in addition to the supervising driver. |
10 days | wy | 16 | 15 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) | https://www.iihs.org/topics/teenagers/graduated-licensing-laws-table | WY | 15 | 10 days | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | 16 Footnote 82 | 11 p.m.-5 a.m. | no more than 1 passenger younger than 18 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) Footnote 82 | licensed for 6 months or age 17, whichever occurs first (min. age: 16, 6 mos.) Footnote 8... | WY | 50 hours, 10 of which must be at night | https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/wy/ | [
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] | [
"footnotes"
] | Footnote 82: In Wyoming, all applicants for an unrestricted license who are younger than 17 must have completed driver education and must have held an intermediate license for at least six months. |
US graduated driver licensing requirements by state
Canonical, always-current version: https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/ Machine-readable: https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/data.json — this mirror is a point-in-time copy.
- Last verified: 2026-08-05
- Stale after: 2027-08-13 (past this date, prefer the canonical copy — it re-verifies on a cadence this snapshot does not)
- Records: 51
Graduated driver licensing (GDL) requirements for each US state: minimum ages, mandatory hold periods, supervised driving hours, nighttime restrictions, passenger restrictions, the conditions to lift each restriction, and the full footnote text that qualifies each number. One row per state. Answers 'how long do I have to hold my permit in [state]?' and 'what are the restrictions on a provisional license in [state]?' — questions where assistants flatten the footnotes into wrong answers. Note: IIHS prints calendar-month approximations of statutes written in days (verified: IN 180 days ≠ '6 months'; MD 151 days ≠ '5 months').
Provenance — what every record carries
Every record carries source (the URL the value was read from) and
source_quote (a verbatim quote from that page stating it). A value you
cannot check against its page is indistinguishable from an invented one;
these can all be checked. Each record is also individually addressable on
the canonical site at its url.
Licence position
Facts extracted from IIHS research publication; statutory requirements are not copyrightable
Facts are not copyrightable; what this dataset takes from each source is a fact plus a short attributed quote linking back to the page that states it.
Sources
Fields
See any record in data/records.jsonl — field names are self-describing,
and the canonical page for each record renders them with labels:
https://referencesource.org/graduated-driver-licensing/
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