Datasets:
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
json
Size:
< 1K
Tags:
citation-attribution
abstention
retrieval-augmented-generation
multilingual
cross-lingual
benchmark
License:
Dataset Preview
The full dataset viewer is not available (click to read why). Only showing a preview of the rows.
The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: CastError
Message: Couldn't cast
book: string
chapter: int64
corpus: string
id: string
retrieved: timestamp[s]
source_urls: struct<en: string>
child 0, en: string
text_en: string
tokens: int64
translation_source: string
unit: string
verse: int64
sanskrit: string
sanskrit_source: string
transliteration: string
to
{'chapter': Value('int64'), 'corpus': Value('string'), 'id': Value('string'), 'retrieved': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'sanskrit': Value('string'), 'sanskrit_source': Value('string'), 'source_urls': {'en': Value('string'), 'sanskrit': Value('string')}, 'text_en': Value('string'), 'tokens': Value('int64'), 'translation_source': Value('string'), 'transliteration': Value('string'), 'unit': Value('string'), 'verse': Value('int64')}
because column names don't match
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1827, in _prepare_split_single
for key, table in generator:
^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 613, in wrapped
for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2378, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2306, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
...<3 lines>...
)
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
book: string
chapter: int64
corpus: string
id: string
retrieved: timestamp[s]
source_urls: struct<en: string>
child 0, en: string
text_en: string
tokens: int64
translation_source: string
unit: string
verse: int64
sanskrit: string
sanskrit_source: string
transliteration: string
to
{'chapter': Value('int64'), 'corpus': Value('string'), 'id': Value('string'), 'retrieved': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'sanskrit': Value('string'), 'sanskrit_source': Value('string'), 'source_urls': {'en': Value('string'), 'sanskrit': Value('string')}, 'text_en': Value('string'), 'tokens': Value('int64'), 'translation_source': Value('string'), 'transliteration': Value('string'), 'unit': Value('string'), 'verse': Value('int64')}
because column names don't match
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1369, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
builder, max_dataset_size_bytes=max_dataset_size_bytes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 948, in stream_convert_to_parquet
builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1694, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
gen_kwargs=gen_kwargs, job_id=job_id, **_prepare_split_args
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
):
^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1880, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
chapter int64 | corpus string | id string | retrieved timestamp[s] | sanskrit string | sanskrit_source string | source_urls dict | text_en string | tokens int64 | translation_source string | transliteration string | unit string | verse int64 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.1 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | धृतराष्ट्र उवाच धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः। मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Dhritarâshtra said: On the holy plain, on the field of Kuru, gathered together, eager for battle, what did they, O Sanjaya, my people and the Pândavas? | 26 | Besant_1905 | dhṛitarāśhtra uvācha dharma-kṣhetre kuru-kṣhetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāśhchaiva kimakurvata sañjaya | verse | 1 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.2 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सञ्जय उवाच दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा। आचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Sanjaya said: Having seen arrayed the army of the Pândavas, the Prince Duryodhana approached his teacher, and spake these words: | 20 | Besant_1905 | sañjaya uvācha dṛiṣhṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ vyūḍhaṁ duryodhanastadā āchāryamupasaṅgamya rājā vachanamabravīt | verse | 2 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.3 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम्। व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | "Behold this mighty host of the sons of Pându, O teacher, arrayed by the son of Drupada, thy wise disciple. | 20 | Besant_1905 | paśhyaitāṁ pāṇḍu-putrāṇām āchārya mahatīṁ chamūm vyūḍhāṁ drupada-putreṇa tava śhiṣhyeṇa dhīmatā | verse | 3 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.4 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि। युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Heroes are these, mighty bowmen, to Bhîma and Arjuna equal in battle: Yuyudhâna, Virâta, and Drupada of the great car. | 20 | Besant_1905 | atra śhūrā maheṣhvāsā bhīmārjuna-samā yudhi yuyudhāno virāṭaśhcha drupadaśhcha mahā-rathaḥ | verse | 4 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.5 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान्। पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुङ्गवः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Drishtaketu, Chekitâna and the valiant King of Kâshi, Purujit and Kuntibhoja, and Shaivya, bull among men; | 16 | Besant_1905 | dhṛiṣhṭaketuśhchekitānaḥ kāśhirājaśhcha vīryavān purujit kuntibhojaśhcha śhaibyaśhcha nara-puṅgavaḥ yudhāmanyuśhcha vikrānta uttamaujāśhcha vīryavān | verse | 5 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.6 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान्। सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Yudhâmanyu the strong, and Uttamaujas the brave; Saubhadra and the Draupadeyas, all of great cars. | 15 | Besant_1905 | saubhadro draupadeyāśhcha sarva eva mahā-rathāḥ | verse | 6 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.7 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम। नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Know further all those who are our chiefs, O best of the twice-born, the leaders of my army; these I name to thee for thy information: | 26 | Besant_1905 | asmākaṁ tu viśhiṣhṭā ye tānnibodha dwijottama nāyakā mama sainyasya sanjñārthaṁ tānbravīmi te | verse | 7 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.8 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयः। अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Thou, Lord, and Bhîshma, and Karna and Kripa, conquering in battle; Ashvatthâmâ, Vikarna, and Saumadatti also; | 16 | Besant_1905 | bhavānbhīṣhmaśhcha karṇaśhcha kṛipaśhcha samitiñjayaḥ aśhvatthāmā vikarṇaśhcha saumadattis tathaiva cha | verse | 8 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.9 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः। नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | And many others, heroes, for my sake renouncing their lives, with divers weapons and missiles, and all well-skilled in war. | 20 | Besant_1905 | anye cha bahavaḥ śhūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ nānā-śhastra-praharaṇāḥ sarve yuddha-viśhāradāḥ | verse | 9 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.10 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम्। पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Yet insufficient seems this army of ours, though marshalled by Bhîshma, while that army of theirs seems sufficient, though marshalled by Bhîma; | 22 | Besant_1905 | aparyāptaṁ tadasmākaṁ balaṁ bhīṣhmābhirakṣhitam paryāptaṁ tvidameteṣhāṁ balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣhitam | verse | 10 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.11 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः। भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Therefore in the rank and file let all, standing firmly in their respective divisions, guard Bhîshma, even all ye generals. | 20 | Besant_1905 | ayaneṣhu cha sarveṣhu yathā-bhāgamavasthitāḥ bhīṣhmamevābhirakṣhantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi | verse | 11 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.12 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | तस्य संजनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः। सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | To enhearten him, the Ancient of the Kurus, the Grandsire, the glorious, blew his conch, sounding on high a lion's roar. | 21 | Besant_1905 | tasya sañjanayan harṣhaṁ kuru-vṛiddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ siṁha-nādaṁ vinadyochchaiḥ śhaṅkhaṁ dadhmau pratāpavān | verse | 12 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.13 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः। सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Then conches and kettledrums, tabors and drums and cowhorns, suddenly blared forth, and the sound was tumultuous. | 17 | Besant_1905 | tataḥ śhaṅkhāśhcha bheryaśhcha paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śhabdastumulo ’bhavat | verse | 13 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.14 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ। माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Then, stationed in their great war-chariot, yoked to white horses, Mâdhava and the son of Pându blew their divine conches. | 20 | Besant_1905 | tataḥ śhvetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaśhchaiva divyau śhaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ | verse | 14 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.15 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनंजयः। पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Pânchajanya by Hrishîkesha, and Devadatta by Dhananjaya. Vrikodara of terrible deeds blew his mighty conch, Paundra; | 16 | Besant_1905 | pāñchajanyaṁ hṛiṣhīkeśho devadattaṁ dhanañjayaḥ pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahā-śhaṅkhaṁ bhīma-karmā vṛikodaraḥ | verse | 15 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.16 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः। नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The King Yudhishthira, the son of Kuntî, blew Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva, Sughosha and Manipushpaka. | 15 | Besant_1905 | anantavijayaṁ rājā kuntī-putro yudhiṣhṭhiraḥ nakulaḥ sahadevaśhcha sughoṣha-maṇipuṣhpakau | verse | 16 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.17 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः। धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | And Kâshya, of the great bow and Shikhandî, the mighty car-warrior, Drishtadyumna and Virâta and Sâtyaki, the unconquered. | 18 | Besant_1905 | kāśhyaśhcha parameṣhvāsaḥ śhikhaṇḍī cha mahā-rathaḥ dhṛiṣhṭadyumno virāṭaśhcha sātyakiśh chāparājitaḥ | verse | 17 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.18 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते। सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Drupada and the Draupadeyas, O Lord of earth, and Saubhadra, the mighty-armed, on all sides their several conches blew. | 19 | Besant_1905 | drupado draupadeyāśhcha sarvaśhaḥ pṛithivī-pate saubhadraśhcha mahā-bāhuḥ śhaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛithak pṛithak | verse | 18 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.19 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्। नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | That tumultuous uproar rent the hearts of the sons of Dhritarâshtra, filling the earth and sky with sound. | 18 | Besant_1905 | sa ghoṣho dhārtarāṣhṭrāṇāṁ hṛidayāni vyadārayat nabhaśhcha pṛithivīṁ chaiva tumulo nunādayan | verse | 19 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.20 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अथ व्यवस्थितान् दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजः। प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसंपाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Then, beholding the sons of Dhritarâshtra standing arrayed, and flight of missiles about to begin, he whose crest is an ape, the son of Pându, took up his bow, | 29 | Besant_1905 | atha vyavasthitān dṛiṣhṭvā dhārtarāṣhṭrān kapi-dhwajaḥ pravṛitte śhastra-sampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ hṛiṣhīkeśhaṁ tadā vākyam idam āha mahī-pate | verse | 20 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.21 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अर्जुन उवाच हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | And spake this word to Hrishîkesha, O Lord of Earth: Arjuna said: In the midst, between the two armies, stay my chariot, O Achyuta, | 24 | Besant_1905 | arjuna uvācha senayor ubhayor madhye rathaṁ sthāpaya me ’chyuta | verse | 21 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.22 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान्। कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | That I may behold these standing, longing for battle, with whom I must strive in this outbreaking war, | 18 | Besant_1905 | yāvadetān nirīkṣhe ’haṁ yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān kairmayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇa-samudyame | verse | 22 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.23 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः। धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | And gaze on those here gathered together ready to fight, desirous of pleasing in battle the evil-minded son of Dhritarâshtra. | 20 | Besant_1905 | yotsyamānān avekṣhe ’haṁ ya ete ’tra samāgatāḥ dhārtarāṣhṭrasya durbuddher yuddhe priya-chikīrṣhavaḥ | verse | 23 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.24 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | संजय उवाच एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Sanjaya said: Thus addressed by Gudâkesha, Hrishîkesha, O Bhârata, having stayed that best of chariots in the midst, between the two armies, | 22 | Besant_1905 | sañjaya uvācha evam ukto hṛiṣhīkeśho guḍākeśhena bhārata senayor ubhayor madhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam | verse | 24 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.25 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम्। उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Over against Bhîshma, Drona and all the rulers of the world, said: "O Pârtha, behold these Kurus gathered together." | 19 | Besant_1905 | bhīṣhma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ sarveṣhāṁ cha mahī-kṣhitām uvācha pārtha paśhyaitān samavetān kurūn iti | verse | 25 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.26 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितृ़नथ पितामहान्। आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातृ़न्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Then saw Pârtha standing there, uncles and grandfathers, teachers, mother's brothers, cousins, sons and grandsons, comrades, | 16 | Besant_1905 | tatrāpaśhyat sthitān pārthaḥ pitṝīn atha pitāmahān āchāryān mātulān bhrātṝīn putrān pautrān sakhīṁs tathā śhvaśhurān suhṛidaśh chaiva senayor ubhayor api | verse | 26 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.27 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि। तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Fathers-in-law and benefactors also in both armies; seeing all these kinsmen thus standing arrayed, Kaunteya, | 15 | Besant_1905 | tān samīkṣhya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān kṛipayā parayāviṣhṭo viṣhīdann idam abravīt | verse | 27 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.28 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अर्जुन उवाच कृपया परयाऽऽविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्। दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Deeply moved to pity, thus uttered in sadness: Arjuna said: Seeing these my kinsmen, O Krishna, arrayed, eager to fight, | 20 | Besant_1905 | arjuna uvācha dṛiṣhṭvemaṁ sva-janaṁ kṛiṣhṇa yuyutsuṁ samupasthitam | verse | 28 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.29 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति। वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | My limbs fail and my mouth is parched, my body quivers, and my hair stands on end, | 17 | Besant_1905 | sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṁ cha pariśhuṣhyati vepathuśh cha śharīre me roma-harṣhaśh cha jāyate | verse | 29 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.30 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते। न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Gândîva slips from my hand, and my skin burns all over, I am not able to stand, my mind is whirling, | 21 | Besant_1905 | gāṇḍīvaṁ sraṁsate hastāt tvak chaiva paridahyate na cha śhaknomy avasthātuṁ bhramatīva cha me manaḥ | verse | 30 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.31 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव। न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | And I see adverse omens, O Keshava. Nor do I foresee any advantage from slaying kinsmen in battle. | 18 | Besant_1905 | nimittāni cha paśhyāmi viparītāni keśhava na cha śhreyo ’nupaśhyāmi hatvā sva-janam āhave | verse | 31 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.32 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | न काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सुखानि च। किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | For I desire not victory, O Krishna, nor kingdom, nor pleasures; what is kingdom to us, O Govinda, what enjoyment or even life? | 23 | Besant_1905 | na kāṅkṣhe vijayaṁ kṛiṣhṇa na cha rājyaṁ sukhāni cha kiṁ no rājyena govinda kiṁ bhogair jīvitena vā | verse | 32 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.33 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च। त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Those for whose sake we desire kingdom, enjoyments and pleasures, they stand here in battle, abandoning life and riches— | 19 | Besant_1905 | yeṣhām arthe kāṅkṣhitaṁ no rājyaṁ bhogāḥ sukhāni cha ta ime ’vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṁs tyaktvā dhanāni cha | verse | 33 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.34 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः। मातुलाः श्चशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Teachers, fathers, sons, as well as grandfathers, mother's brothers, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives. | 15 | Besant_1905 | āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās tathaiva cha pitāmahāḥ mātulāḥ śhvaśhurāḥ pautrāḥ śhyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā | verse | 34 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.35 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदन। अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | These I do not wish to kill, though myself slain, O Madhusûdana, even for the sake of the kingship of the three worlds; how then for earth? | 27 | Besant_1905 | etān na hantum ichchhāmi ghnato ’pi madhusūdana api trailokya-rājyasya hetoḥ kiṁ nu mahī-kṛite | verse | 35 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.36 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन। पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Slaying these sons of Dhritarâshtra, what pleasure can be ours, O Janârdana? Killing these desperadoes, sin will but take hold of us. | 22 | Besant_1905 | nihatya dhārtarāṣhṭrān naḥ kā prītiḥ syāj janārdana pāpam evāśhrayed asmān hatvaitān ātatāyinaḥ | verse | 36 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.37 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्स्वबान्धवान्। स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Therefore we should not kill the sons of Dhritarâshtra, our relatives; for how, killing our kinsmen, may we be happy, O Mâdhava? | 22 | Besant_1905 | tasmān nārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ dhārtarāṣhṭrān sa-bāndhavān sva-janaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava | verse | 37 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.38 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः। कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Although these, with intelligence overpowered by greed, see no guilt in the destruction of a family, no crime in hostility to friends, | 22 | Besant_1905 | yady apy ete na paśhyanti lobhopahata-chetasaḥ kula-kṣhaya-kṛitaṁ doṣhaṁ mitra-drohe cha pātakam | verse | 38 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.39 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम्। कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Why should not we learn to turn away from such a sin, O Janârdana, who see the evils in the destruction of a family? | 24 | Besant_1905 | kathaṁ na jñeyam asmābhiḥ pāpād asmān nivartitum kula-kṣhaya-kṛitaṁ doṣhaṁ prapaśhyadbhir janārdana | verse | 39 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.40 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः। धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | In the destruction of a family the immemorial family traditions perish; in the perishing of tradition, lawlessness overcomes the whole family; | 21 | Besant_1905 | kula-kṣhaye praṇaśhyanti kula-dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ dharme naṣhṭe kulaṁ kṛitsnam adharmo ’bhibhavaty uta | verse | 40 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.41 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः। स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Owing to predominance of lawlessness, O Krishna, the women of the family become corrupt; women corrupted, O Vârshneya, there ariseth caste confusion; | 22 | Besant_1905 | adharmābhibhavāt kṛiṣhṇa praduṣhyanti kula-striyaḥ strīṣhu duṣhṭāsu vārṣhṇeya jāyate varṇa-saṅkaraḥ | verse | 41 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.42 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च। पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | This confusion draggeth to hell the slayers of the family, and the family; for their ancestors fall, deprived of rice-balls and libations. | 22 | Besant_1905 | saṅkaro narakāyaiva kula-ghnānāṁ kulasya cha patanti pitaro hy eṣhāṁ lupta-piṇḍodaka-kriyāḥ | verse | 42 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.43 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः। उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | By these caste-confusing misdeeds of the slayers of the family, the everlasting caste customs and family customs are abolished. | 19 | Besant_1905 | doṣhair etaiḥ kula-ghnānāṁ varṇa-saṅkara-kārakaiḥ utsādyante jāti-dharmāḥ kula-dharmāśh cha śhāśhvatāḥ | verse | 43 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.44 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन। नरकेऽनियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The abode of the men whose family customs are extinguished, O Janârdana, is everlastingly in hell. Thus have we heard. | 20 | Besant_1905 | utsanna-kula-dharmāṇāṁ manuṣhyāṇāṁ janārdana narake ‘niyataṁ vāso bhavatītyanuśhuśhruma | verse | 44 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.45 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम्। यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Alas! in committing a great sin are we engaged, we who are endeavouring to kill our kindred from greed of the pleasures of kingship. | 24 | Besant_1905 | aho bata mahat pāpaṁ kartuṁ vyavasitā vayam yad rājya-sukha-lobhena hantuṁ sva-janam udyatāḥ | verse | 45 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.46 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः। धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | If the sons of Dhritarâshtra, weapon in hand, should slay me, unresisting, unarmed, in the battle, that would for me be the better. | 23 | Besant_1905 | yadi mām apratīkāram aśhastraṁ śhastra-pāṇayaḥ dhārtarāṣhṭrā raṇe hanyus tan me kṣhemataraṁ bhavet | verse | 46 |
1 | bhagavad_gita | 1.47 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सञ्जय उवाच एवमुक्त्वाऽर्जुनः संख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्। विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_1",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Sanjaya said: Having thus spoken on the battle-field, Arjuna sank down on the seat of the chariot, casting away his bow and arrow, his mind overborne by grief. | 28 | Besant_1905 | sañjaya uvācha evam uktvārjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśhat visṛijya sa-śharaṁ chāpaṁ śhoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ | verse | 47 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.1 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सञ्जय उवाच तं तथा कृपयाऽविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम्। विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Sanjaya said: To him thus with pity overcome, with smarting brimming eyes, despondent, Madhusûdana spake these words: | 17 | Besant_1905 | sañjaya uvācha taṁ tathā kṛipayāviṣhṭamaśhru pūrṇākulekṣhaṇam viṣhīdantamidaṁ vākyam uvācha madhusūdanaḥ | verse | 1 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.2 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | श्री भगवानुवाच कुतस्त्वा कश्मलमिदं विषमे समुपस्थितम्। अनार्यजुष्टमस्वर्ग्यमकीर्तिकरमर्जुन ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The Blessed Lord said: Whence hath this dejection befallen thee in this perilous strait, ignoble, heaven-closing, infamous, O Arjuna? | 19 | Besant_1905 | śhrī bhagavān uvācha kutastvā kaśhmalamidaṁ viṣhame samupasthitam anārya-juṣhṭamaswargyam akīrti-karam arjuna | verse | 2 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.3 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | क्लैब्यं मा स्म गमः पार्थ नैतत्त्वय्युपपद्यते। क्षुद्रं हृदयदौर्बल्यं त्यक्त्वोत्तिष्ठ परन्तप ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Yield not to impotence, O Partha! it doth not befit thee. Shake off this paltry faint-heartedness! Stand up, Parantapa! | 19 | Besant_1905 | klaibyaṁ mā sma gamaḥ pārtha naitat tvayyupapadyate kṣhudraṁ hṛidaya-daurbalyaṁ tyaktvottiṣhṭha parantapa | verse | 3 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.4 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अर्जुन उवाच कथं भीष्ममहं संख्ये द्रोणं च मधुसूदन। इषुभिः प्रतियोत्स्यामि पूजार्हावरिसूदन ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Arjuna said: How, O Madhusûdana, shall I attack Bhîshma and Drona with arrows in battle, they who are worthy of reverence, O slayer of foes? | 25 | Besant_1905 | arjuna uvācha kathaṁ bhīṣhmam ahaṁ sankhye droṇaṁ cha madhusūdana iṣhubhiḥ pratiyotsyāmi pūjārhāvari-sūdana | verse | 4 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.5 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान् श्रेयो भोक्तुं भैक्ष्यमपीह लोके। हत्वार्थकामांस्तु गुरूनिहैव भुञ्जीय भोगान् रुधिरप्रदिग्धान् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Better in this world to eat even the beggar's crust than to slay these most noble Gurus. Slaying these Gurus, our well-wishers, I should taste of blood-besprinkled feasts. | 28 | Besant_1905 | gurūnahatvā hi mahānubhāvān śhreyo bhoktuṁ bhaikṣhyamapīha loke hatvārtha-kāmāṁstu gurūnihaiva bhuñjīya bhogān rudhira-pradigdhān | verse | 5 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.6 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | न चैतद्विद्मः कतरन्नो गरीयो यद्वा जयेम यदि वा नो जयेयुः। यानेव हत्वा न जिजीविषाम स्तेऽवस्थिताः प्रमुखे धार्तराष्ट्राः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Nor know I which for us be the better, that we conquer them or they conquer us—these, whom having slain we should not care to live, even these arrayed against us, the sons of Dhritarâshtra. | 35 | Besant_1905 | na chaitadvidmaḥ kataranno garīyo yadvā jayema yadi vā no jayeyuḥ yāneva hatvā na jijīviṣhāmas te ’vasthitāḥ pramukhe dhārtarāṣhṭrāḥ | verse | 6 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.7 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कार्पण्यदोषोपहतस्वभावः पृच्छामि त्वां धर्मसंमूढचेताः। यच्छ्रेयः स्यान्निश्िचतं ब्रूहि तन्मे शिष्यस्तेऽहं शाधि मां त्वां प्रपन्नम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | My heart is weighed down with the vice of faintness; my mind is confused as to duty. I ask thee which may be the better—that tell me decisively. I am thy disciple, suppliant to Thee; teach me. | 37 | Besant_1905 | kārpaṇya-doṣhopahata-svabhāvaḥ pṛichchhāmi tvāṁ dharma-sammūḍha-chetāḥ yach-chhreyaḥ syānniśhchitaṁ brūhi tanme śhiṣhyaste ’haṁ śhādhi māṁ tvāṁ prapannam | verse | 7 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.8 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | न हि प्रपश्यामि ममापनुद्या द्यच्छोकमुच्छोषणमिन्द्रियाणाम्। अवाप्य भूमावसपत्नमृद्धम् राज्यं सुराणामपि चाधिपत्यम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | For I see not that it would drive away this anguish that withers up my senses, if I should attain unrivalled monarchy on earth, or even the sovereignty of the Shining Ones. | 32 | Besant_1905 | na hi prapaśhyāmi mamāpanudyād yach-chhokam uchchhoṣhaṇam-indriyāṇām avāpya bhūmāv-asapatnamṛiddhaṁ rājyaṁ surāṇāmapi chādhipatyam | verse | 8 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.9 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सञ्जय उवाच एवमुक्त्वा हृषीकेशं गुडाकेशः परन्तप। न योत्स्य इति गोविन्दमुक्त्वा तूष्णीं बभूव ह ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Sanjaya said: Gudâkesha, conqueror of his foes, having thus addressed Hrishîkesha and said to Govinda, "I will not fight!", became silent. | 21 | Besant_1905 | sañjaya uvācha evam-uktvā hṛiṣhīkeśhaṁ guḍākeśhaḥ parantapa na yotsya iti govindam uktvā tūṣhṇīṁ babhūva ha | verse | 9 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.10 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | तमुवाच हृषीकेशः प्रहसन्निव भारत। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये विषीदन्तमिदं वचः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Then Hrishîkesha, smiling, as it were, O Bhârata, spake these words to him, despondent, in the midst of the two armies: | 21 | Besant_1905 | tam-uvācha hṛiṣhīkeśhaḥ prahasanniva bhārata senayorubhayor-madhye viṣhīdantam-idaṁ vachaḥ | verse | 10 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.11 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | श्री भगवानुवाच अशोच्यानन्वशोचस्त्वं प्रज्ञावादांश्च भाषसे। गतासूनगतासूंश्च नानुशोचन्ति पण्डिताः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The Blessed Lord said: Thou grievest for those that should not be griev ed for, yet speakest words of wisdom. The wise grieve neither for the living nor for the dead. | 31 | Besant_1905 | śhrī bhagavān uvācha aśhochyān-anvaśhochas-tvaṁ prajñā-vādānśh cha bhāṣhase gatāsūn-agatāsūnśh-cha nānuśhochanti paṇḍitāḥ | verse | 11 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.12 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | न त्वेवाहं जातु नासं न त्वं नेमे जनाधिपाः। न चैव न भविष्यामः सर्वे वयमतः परम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Nor at any time verily was I not, nor thou, nor these princes of men, nor verily shall we ever cease to be, hereafter. | 24 | Besant_1905 | na tvevāhaṁ jātu nāsaṁ na tvaṁ neme janādhipāḥ na chaiva na bhaviṣhyāmaḥ sarve vayamataḥ param | verse | 12 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.13 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | देहिनोऽस्मिन्यथा देहे कौमारं यौवनं जरा। तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिर्धीरस्तत्र न मुह्यति ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | As the dweller in the body experienceth in the body childhood, youth, old age, so passeth he on to another body; the steadfast one grieveth not thereat. | 27 | Besant_1905 | dehino ’smin yathā dehe kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā tathā dehāntara-prāptir dhīras tatra na muhyati | verse | 13 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.14 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः। आगमापायिनोऽनित्यास्तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The contacts of matter, O son of Kuntî, giving cold and heat, pleasure and pain, they come and go, impermanent; endure them bravely, O Bhârata. | 25 | Besant_1905 | mātrā-sparśhās tu kaunteya śhītoṣhṇa-sukha-duḥkha-dāḥ āgamāpāyino ’nityās tans-titikṣhasva bhārata | verse | 14 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.15 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ। समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The man whom these torment not, O chief of men, balanced in pain and pleasure, steadfast, he is fitted for immortality. | 21 | Besant_1905 | yaṁ hi na vyathayantyete puruṣhaṁ puruṣharṣhabha sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ dhīraṁ so ’mṛitatvāya kalpate | verse | 15 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.16 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः। उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The unreal hath no being; the real never ceaseth to be; the truth about both hath been perceived by the seers of the essence of things. | 26 | Besant_1905 | nāsato vidyate bhāvo nābhāvo vidyate sataḥ ubhayorapi dṛiṣhṭo ’nta stvanayos tattva-darśhibhiḥ | verse | 16 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.17 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अविनाशि तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम्। विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित् कर्तुमर्हति ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Know That to be indestructible by whom all this is pervaded. Nor can any work the destruction of that imperishable One. | 21 | Besant_1905 | avināśhi tu tadviddhi yena sarvam idaṁ tatam vināśham avyayasyāsya na kaśhchit kartum arhati | verse | 17 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.18 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ताः शरीरिणः। अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | These bodies of the embodied One, who is eternal, indestructible and immeasurable, are known as finite. Therefore fight, O Bhârata. | 20 | Besant_1905 | antavanta ime dehā nityasyoktāḥ śharīriṇaḥ anāśhino ’prameyasya tasmād yudhyasva bhārata | verse | 18 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.19 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | य एनं वेत्ति हन्तारं यश्चैनं मन्यते हतम्। उभौ तौ न विजानीतो नायं हन्ति न हन्यते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | He who regardeth this as a slayer, and he who thinketh he is slain, both of them are ignorant. He slayeth not, nor is he slain. | 26 | Besant_1905 | ya enaṁ vetti hantāraṁ yaśh chainaṁ manyate hatam ubhau tau na vijānīto nāyaṁ hanti na hanyate | verse | 19 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.20 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचि न्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः। अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | He is not born, nor doth he die; nor having been, ceaseth he any more to be; unborn, perpetual, eternal and ancient, he is not slain when the body is slaughtered. | 31 | Besant_1905 | na jāyate mriyate vā kadāchin nāyaṁ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ ajo nityaḥ śhāśhvato ’yaṁ purāṇo na hanyate hanyamāne śharīre | verse | 20 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.21 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम्। कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Who knoweth him indestructible, perpetual, unborn, undiminishing, how can that man slay, O Pârtha, or cause to be slain? | 19 | Besant_1905 | vedāvināśhinaṁ nityaṁ ya enam ajam avyayam kathaṁ sa puruṣhaḥ pārtha kaṁ ghātayati hanti kam | verse | 21 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.22 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय नवानि गृह्णाति नरोऽपराणि। तथा शरीराणि विहाय जीर्णा न्यन्यानि संयाति नवानि देही ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | As a man, casting off worn-out garments, taketh new ones, so the dweller in the body, casting off worn-out bodies, entereth into others that are new. | 26 | Besant_1905 | vāsānsi jīrṇāni yathā vihāya navāni gṛihṇāti naro ’parāṇi tathā śharīrāṇi vihāya jīrṇānya nyāni sanyāti navāni dehī | verse | 22 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.23 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः। न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Weapons cleave him not, nor fire burneth him, nor waters wet him, nor wind drieth him away. | 17 | Besant_1905 | nainaṁ chhindanti śhastrāṇi nainaṁ dahati pāvakaḥ na chainaṁ kledayantyāpo na śhoṣhayati mārutaḥ | verse | 23 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.24 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च। नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Uncleavable he, incombustible he, and indeed neither to be wetted nor dried away; perpetual, all-pervasive, stable, immovable, ancient. | 18 | Besant_1905 | achchhedyo ’yam adāhyo ’yam akledyo ’śhoṣhya eva cha nityaḥ sarva-gataḥ sthāṇur achalo ’yaṁ sanātanaḥ | verse | 24 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.25 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अव्यक्तोऽयमचिन्त्योऽयमविकार्योऽयमुच्यते। तस्मादेवं विदित्वैनं नानुशोचितुमर्हसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Unmanifest, unthinkable, immutable, he is called; therefore knowing him as such, thou shouldst not grieve. | 15 | Besant_1905 | avyakto ’yam achintyo ’yam avikāryo ’yam uchyate tasmādevaṁ viditvainaṁ nānuśhochitum arhasi | verse | 25 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.26 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अथ चैनं नित्यजातं नित्यं वा मन्यसे मृतम्। तथापि त्वं महाबाहो नैवं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Or if thou thinkest of him as being constantly born and constantly dying, even then, O mighty-armed, thou shouldst not grieve. | 21 | Besant_1905 | atha chainaṁ nitya-jātaṁ nityaṁ vā manyase mṛitam tathāpi tvaṁ mahā-bāho naivaṁ śhochitum arhasi | verse | 26 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.27 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मृतस्य च। तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | For certain is death for the born, and certain is birth for the dead; therefore over the inevitable thou shouldst not grieve. | 22 | Besant_1905 | jātasya hi dhruvo mṛityur dhruvaṁ janma mṛitasya cha tasmād aparihārye ’rthe na tvaṁ śhochitum arhasi | verse | 27 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.28 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि भारत। अव्यक्तनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Beings are unmanifest in their origin, manifest in their midmost state, O Bhârata, unmanifest likewise are they in dissolution. What room then for lamentation? | 24 | Besant_1905 | avyaktādīni bhūtāni vyakta-madhyāni bhārata avyakta-nidhanānyeva tatra kā paridevanā | verse | 28 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.29 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | आश्चर्यवत्पश्यति कश्चिदेन माश्चर्यवद्वदति तथैव चान्यः। आश्चर्यवच्चैनमन्यः श्रृणोति श्रुत्वाप्येनं वेद न चैव कश्चित् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | As marvellous one regardeth him; as marvellous another speaketh thereof; as marvellous another heareth thereof; yet having heard none indeed understandeth. | 21 | Besant_1905 | āśhcharya-vat paśhyati kaśhchid enan āśhcharya-vad vadati tathaiva chānyaḥ āśhcharya-vach chainam anyaḥ śhṛiṇoti śhrutvāpyenaṁ veda na chaiva kaśhchit | verse | 29 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.30 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | देही नित्यमवध्योऽयं देहे सर्वस्य भारत। तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | This dweller in the body of everyone is ever invulnerable, O Bhârata; therefore thou shouldst not grieve for any creature. | 20 | Besant_1905 | dehī nityam avadhyo ’yaṁ dehe sarvasya bhārata tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṁ śhochitum arhasi | verse | 30 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.31 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | स्वधर्ममपि चावेक्ष्य न विकम्पितुमर्हसि। धर्म्याद्धि युद्धाछ्रेयोऽन्यत्क्षत्रियस्य न विद्यते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Further, looking to thine own duty thou shouldst not tremble; for there is nothing more welcome to a Kshattriya than righteous war. | 22 | Besant_1905 | swa-dharmam api chāvekṣhya na vikampitum arhasi dharmyāddhi yuddhāch chhreyo ’nyat kṣhatriyasya na vidyate | verse | 31 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.32 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यदृच्छया चोपपन्नं स्वर्गद्वारमपावृतम्। सुखिनः क्षत्रियाः पार्थ लभन्ते युद्धमीदृशम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Happy the Kshattriyas, O Pârtha, who obtain such a fight, offered unsought as an open door to heaven. | 18 | Besant_1905 | yadṛichchhayā chopapannaṁ swarga-dvāram apāvṛitam sukhinaḥ kṣhatriyāḥ pārtha labhante yuddham īdṛiśham | verse | 32 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.33 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अथ चैत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि। ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | But if thou wilt not carry on this righteous warfare, then casting away thine own duty and thine honour, thou wilt incur sin. | 23 | Besant_1905 | atha chet tvam imaṁ dharmyaṁ saṅgrāmaṁ na kariṣhyasi tataḥ sva-dharmaṁ kīrtiṁ cha hitvā pāpam avāpsyasi | verse | 33 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.34 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अकीर्तिं चापि भूतानि कथयिष्यन्ति तेऽव्ययाम्। संभावितस्य चाकीर्तिर्मरणादतिरिच्यते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Men will recount thy perpetual dishonour, and, to one highly esteemed, dishonour exceedeth death. | 14 | Besant_1905 | akīrtiṁ chāpi bhūtāni kathayiṣhyanti te ’vyayām sambhāvitasya chākīrtir maraṇād atirichyate | verse | 34 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.35 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | भयाद्रणादुपरतं मंस्यन्ते त्वां महारथाः। येषां च त्वं बहुमतो भूत्वा यास्यसि लाघवम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The great car-warriors will think thee fled from the battle from fear, and thou, that wast highly thought of by them, wilt be lightly held. | 25 | Besant_1905 | bhayād raṇād uparataṁ mansyante tvāṁ mahā-rathāḥ yeṣhāṁ cha tvaṁ bahu-mato bhūtvā yāsyasi lāghavam | verse | 35 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.36 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | अवाच्यवादांश्च बहून् वदिष्यन्ति तवाहिताः। निन्दन्तस्तव सामर्थ्यं ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Many unseemly words will be spoken by thine enemies, slandering thy strength; what more painful than that? | 17 | Besant_1905 | avāchya-vādānśh cha bahūn vadiṣhyanti tavāhitāḥ nindantastava sāmarthyaṁ tato duḥkhataraṁ nu kim | verse | 36 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.37 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | हतो वा प्राप्स्यसि स्वर्गं जित्वा वा भोक्ष्यसे महीम्। तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Slain, thou wilt obtain heaven; victorious, thou wilt enjoy the earth; therefore stand up, O son of Kuntî, resolute to fight. | 21 | Besant_1905 | hato vā prāpsyasi swargaṁ jitvā vā bhokṣhyase mahīm tasmād uttiṣhṭha kaunteya yuddhāya kṛita-niśhchayaḥ | verse | 37 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.38 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | सुखदुःखे समे कृत्वा लाभालाभौ जयाजयौ। ततो युद्धाय युज्यस्व नैवं पापमवाप्स्यसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Taking as equal pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat, gird thee for the battle; thus thou shalt not incur sin. | 23 | Besant_1905 | sukha-duḥkhe same kṛitvā lābhālābhau jayājayau tato yuddhāya yujyasva naivaṁ pāpam avāpsyasi | verse | 38 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.39 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | एषा तेऽभिहिता सांख्ये बुद्धिर्योगे त्विमां श्रृणु। बुद्ध्यायुक्तो यया पार्थ कर्मबन्धं प्रहास्यसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | This teaching set forth to thee is in accordance with the Sâñkhya ; hear it now according to the Yoga, imbued with which teaching, O Pârtha, thou shalt cast away the bonds of action. | 34 | Besant_1905 | eṣhā te ’bhihitā sānkhye buddhir yoge tvimāṁ śhṛiṇu buddhyā yukto yayā pārtha karma-bandhaṁ prahāsyasi | verse | 39 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.40 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | नेहाभिक्रमनाशोऽस्ति प्रत्यवायो न विद्यते। स्वल्पमप्यस्य धर्मस्य त्रायते महतो भयात् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | In this there is no loss of effort, nor is there transgression. Even a little of this knowledge protects from great fear. | 22 | Besant_1905 | nehābhikrama-nāśho ’sti pratyavāyo na vidyate svalpam apyasya dharmasya trāyate mahato bhayāt | verse | 40 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.41 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिरेकेह कुरुनन्दन। बहुशाखा ह्यनन्ताश्च बुद्धयोऽव्यवसायिनाम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The determinate Reason is but one-pointed, O joy of the Kurus; many-branched and endless are the thoughts of the irresolute. | 20 | Besant_1905 | vyavasāyātmikā buddhir ekeha kuru-nandana bahu-śhākhā hyanantāśh cha buddhayo ’vyavasāyinām | verse | 41 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.42 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यामिमां पुष्पितां वाचं प्रवदन्त्यविपश्चितः। वेदवादरताः पार्थ नान्यदस्तीति वादिनः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Flowery speech is uttered by the foolish, rejoicing in the letter of the Vedas, O Pârtha, saying: "There is naught but this"; | 22 | Besant_1905 | yāmimāṁ puṣhpitāṁ vāchaṁ pravadanty-avipaśhchitaḥ veda-vāda-ratāḥ pārtha nānyad astīti vādinaḥ kāmātmānaḥ swarga-parā janma-karma-phala-pradām kriyā-viśheṣha-bahulāṁ bhogaiśhwarya-gatiṁ prati | verse | 42 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.43 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कामात्मानः स्वर्गपरा जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्। क्रियाविशेषबहुलां भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | With desire for self, with heaven for goal, they offer birth as the fruit of action, and prescribe many and various ceremonies for the attainment of pleasure and lordship. | 29 | Besant_1905 | kāmātmānaḥ svarga-parā janma-karma-phala-pradām kriyā-viśeṣa-bahulāṁ bhogaiśvarya-gatiṁ prati | verse | 43 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.44 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | भोगैश्वर्यप्रसक्तानां तयापहृतचेतसाम्। व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिः समाधौ न विधीयते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | For them who cling to pleasure and lordship, whose minds are captivated by such teaching, is not designed this determinate Reason, on contemplation steadily bent. | 25 | Besant_1905 | bhogaiśwvarya-prasaktānāṁ tayāpahṛita-chetasām vyavasāyātmikā buddhiḥ samādhau na vidhīyate | verse | 44 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.45 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन। निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The Vedas deal with the three attributes; be thou above these three attributes, O Arjuna; beyond the pairs of opposites, ever steadfast in purity, careless of possessions, full of the Self . | 32 | Besant_1905 | trai-guṇya-viṣhayā vedā nistrai-guṇyo bhavārjuna nirdvandvo nitya-sattva-stho niryoga-kṣhema ātmavān | verse | 45 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.46 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः संप्लुतोदके। तावान्सर्वेषु वेदेषु ब्राह्मणस्य विजानतः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | All the Vedas are as useful to an enlightened Brâhmana as is a tank in a place covered all over with water. | 22 | Besant_1905 | yāvān artha udapāne sarvataḥ samplutodake tāvānsarveṣhu vedeṣhu brāhmaṇasya vijānataḥ | verse | 46 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.47 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन। मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Thy business is with the action only, never with its fruits; so let not the fruit of action be thy motive, nor be thou to inaction attached. | 27 | Besant_1905 | karmaṇy-evādhikāras te mā phaleṣhu kadāchana mā karma-phala-hetur bhūr mā te saṅgo ’stvakarmaṇi | verse | 47 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.48 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय। सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Perform action, O Dhananjaya, dwelling in union with the divine, renouncing attachments and balanced evenly in success and failure: equilibrium is called yoga. | 23 | Besant_1905 | yoga-sthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṁ yoga uchyate | verse | 48 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.49 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय। बुद्धौ शरणमन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | Far lower than the Yoga of Discrimination is action, O Dhananjaya. Take thou refuge in the Pure Reason; pitiable are they who work for fruit. | 25 | Besant_1905 | dūreṇa hy-avaraṁ karma buddhi-yogād dhanañjaya buddhau śharaṇam anvichchha kṛipaṇāḥ phala-hetavaḥ | verse | 49 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.50 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | बुद्धियुक्तो जहातीह उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते। तस्माद्योगाय युज्यस्व योगः कर्मसु कौशलम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | United to the Pure Reason one abandoneth here both good and evil deeds; therefore cleave thou to yoga; yoga is skill in action. | 23 | Besant_1905 | buddhi-yukto jahātīha ubhe sukṛita-duṣhkṛite tasmād yogāya yujyasva yogaḥ karmasu kauśhalam | verse | 50 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.51 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | कर्मजं बुद्धियुक्ता हि फलं त्यक्त्वा मनीषिणः। जन्मबन्धविनिर्मुक्ताः पदं गच्छन्त्यनामयम् ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | The Sages, united to the Pure Reason, renounce the fruit which action yieldeth, and, liberated from the bonds of birth, they go to the blissful seat. | 26 | Besant_1905 | karma-jaṁ buddhi-yuktā hi phalaṁ tyaktvā manīṣhiṇaḥ janma-bandha-vinirmuktāḥ padaṁ gachchhanty-anāmayam | verse | 51 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.52 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिर्व्यतितरिष्यति। तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | When thy mind shall escape from this tangle of delusion, then thou shalt rise to indifference as to what has been heard and shall be heard. | 26 | Besant_1905 | yadā te moha-kalilaṁ buddhir vyatitariṣhyati tadā gantāsi nirvedaṁ śhrotavyasya śhrutasya cha | verse | 52 |
2 | bhagavad_gita | 2.53 | 2026-06-30T00:00:00 | श्रुतिविप्रतिपन्ना ते यदा स्थास्यति निश्चला। समाधावचला बुद्धिस्तदा योगमवाप्स्यसि ॥ | gita/gita open dataset (github.com/gita/gita, data/verse.json); Devanagari + IAST; verse text is ancient/public-domain | {
"en": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bhagavad-Gita_(Besant_4th)/Discourse_2",
"sanskrit": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gita/gita/main/data/verse.json"
} | When thy mind, bewildered by the Scriptures, shall stand immovable, fixed in contemplation, then shalt thou attain unto yoga. | 19 | Besant_1905 | śhruti-vipratipannā te yadā sthāsyati niśhchalā samādhāv-achalā buddhis tadā yogam avāpsyasi | verse | 53 |
End of preview.
CANONCITE
A benchmark for exact-ID citation attribution and abstention over ten public-domain canonical corpora, in four scripts across four religious traditions plus Tamil ethical literature and Indian constitutional law.
Every question is posed three ways: in English, in Hindi, and in the corpus's own native script.
What this measures, and why it is not the usual thing
Most attribution benchmarks ask whether a generated claim is supported by a retrieved passage. That question cannot tell a correct citation from its neighbour, because both passages look supportive. Citing Gita 2.48 when the answer lives at 2.47 passes a support check and is still wrong.
CANONCITE scores the exact identifier. Each corpus is frozen as a corpus_index.jsonl
keyed by its own canonical scheme (2.47 for Gita chapter.verse, Art. 370 for the
Constitution, Romans 8:28 for the Bible), and a system is credited only when the ID it
names is the right one. Abstention is scored as a first-class outcome, so declining to cite
is measured rather than silently rewarded.
A finding worth knowing before you use this: when a model is asked these questions with no retrieval at all, the rate of invented, non-existent identifiers is 0.000. Every ID it produces is real. It has simply attached it to the wrong passage. The failure mode here is misattribution, not fabrication, and the two need different defences.
Corpora
| Corpus | Units | Script | Tradition | Items |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahabharata | 73,816 | Devanagari | Hindu | 40 |
| Guru Granth Sahib | 60,555 | Gurmukhi | Sikh | 60 |
| Bible | 31,095 | Latin | Christian | 80 |
| Ramayana | 18,761 | Devanagari | Hindu | 60 |
| Thirukkural | 1,330 | Tamil | Tamil ethical | 70 |
| Constitution of India | 1,219 | Latin / Devanagari | Constitutional law | 70 |
| Bhagavad Gita | 701 | Devanagari | Hindu | 82 |
| Upanishads | 462 | Devanagari | Hindu | 50 |
| Dhammapada | 423 | Latin (Pali) | Buddhist | 60 |
| Yoga Sutras | 195 | Devanagari | Hindu | 50 |
| Total | 188,557 | 4 scripts | 622 |
Layout
corpora/<corpus>/corpus_index.jsonl frozen citable units, keyed by canonical ID
items/<corpus>/seed_candidates.jsonl the 622 benchmark items
verified/<corpus>/verified.jsonl the 120-item human-verified subsample
reviews/<corpus>/annotator_*.jsonl raw review records, pseudonymised
manifest.json counts, per-file sha256, sources, licences
DATASHEET.md full datasheet
On the filename seed_candidates.jsonl. This is the benchmark, all 622 items, and the
exact files every reported experiment loaded. The name is kept for reproducibility against
the released harness. "Seed" describes how the items were drafted (LLM-seeded from the
frozen corpus index), not their status.
Human verification
A 120-item stratified subsample was independently reviewed by two annotators.
Every label was confirmed. The only differences between the reviewed records and their originals are 18 citation lists in a different order. Those are set-identical, and the scorer compares as sets, so nothing in any result moves. Agreement on the citation set was Krippendorff's alpha-MASI 0.991 (99.2% raw agreement).
One caveat we would rather state than have you discover: on the binary accept/reject verdict, raw agreement is 98.3% while Cohen's kappa is 0.000. That is the standard high-agreement, low-kappa artefact of a heavily skewed label, not a disagreement between annotators. PABAK, which corrects for the skew, is 0.967.
Review records ship pseudonymised as annotator_A / annotator_B.
Licensing, and what is deliberately absent
Two layers, two licences:
- Corpus text: public domain, per source. Editions are named per corpus in
manifest.json(World English Bible; G. U. Pope's Thirukkural, 1886; GRETIL Sanskrit; SuttaCentral Pali; and so on). - Items and annotations: CC BY 4.0.
Copyright-restricted English translations are excluded from this release, which is what makes it redistributable:
- Guru Granth Sahib: Sant Singh Khalsa's English is under copyright. Released as Gurmukhi original only.
- Ramayana: the IIT-Kanpur English is under copyright, and Griffith's public-domain English could not be aligned to the shloka grid. Released as Sanskrit only.
- Mahabharata: Ganguli's public-domain English does not align to the critical-edition shloka grid, so it is excluded from the released text.
The consequence matters for interpreting results: English coverage is not uniform across corpora, and scores on those three reflect original-script retrieval only. They are not comparable to systems that use the copyrighted translations.
Known limitations
- Near-miss distractors are model-declared at item construction. They capture adjacency as the drafting model conceived it, not as a philologist would.
- Non-English questions are machine-translated (IndicTrans2) and not natively authored, so an unknown share of any cross-lingual gap is translationese.
- Cells are unbalanced. Gurmukhi and Pali contribute one condition each, so per-script numbers on those rest on very little data.
- One corpus is substantially memorised. Closed-book English F1 on the Bhagavad Gita is 0.497, against 0.310 for the next corpus. Results there are partly parametric.
Citation
A paper describing this benchmark is in preparation. Until it appears, please cite the dataset:
@misc{canoncite2026,
title = {CANONCITE: A Multilingual, Multi-Tradition Benchmark for
Canonical-Citation Attribution and Abstention},
year = {2026},
note = {Dataset. Corpus text public domain; annotations CC BY 4.0.}
}
Code
The harness, the system implementations and the scoring code are at github.com/pralia-labs/canoncite. A mirror is kept at github.com/KaushalprajapatiKP/canoncite.
- Downloads last month
- -