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the search for a physically viable theory of quantized gravitation is ongoing ; in part because the physics it ought to describe is unknown , and in part because different approaches may | 1 |
the more - than - ten - years - long history of the large - scale laser gravitation - wave ( gw ) detectors ( the first one , tama started to | 1 |
branes have played a fundamental role in the main string theory developments of the last twenty years : the unification of the different perturbative string theories using duality symmetries [ 312 , | 1 |
fundamental constants appear everywhere in the mathematical laws we use to describe the phenomena of nature . they seem to contain some truth about the properties of the physical world while their | 1 |
the heavy flavor corrections to deep - inelastic structure functions amount to sizeable contributions , in particular in the region of small values of the bjorken variable \documentclass[12pt]{minimal } \usepackage{amsmath } \usepackage{wasysym | 1 |
metals and metal ions are ubiquitous in nature and account for tremendous chemical diversity . in the periodic table , from element 1 ( h ) to element 109 ( mt ) | 1 |
for generations of researchers our solar system provided opportunities to establish and test fundamental laws of gravity . by studying the motion of planets , their moons , and comets , astronomers | 1 |
molecular self - assembly is a ubiquitous process in nature , and is also believed to play an essential role in the emergence , maintenance , and advancement of life . while | 1 |
halogen atoms in haloorganics are typically considered as sites of high electron density because of their high electronegativity . consistent with this well - established understanding , it is commonly accepted that | 1 |
our present description of the fundamental laws of nature is based on two disconnected pieces : quantum mechanics and general relativity . on the quantum - mechanics side our most significant successes | 1 |
and i cherish more than anything else the analogies , my most trustworthy masters.they know all the secrets of nature , and they ought to be least neglected in geometry. johannes kepler | 1 |
the era of precision gravitational - wave astrophysics is at our doorstep . with it , a plethora of previously unavailable information will flood in , allowing for unprecedented astrophysical measurements and | 1 |
in its most general sense , gravitational lensing is a collective term for all effects of a gravitational field on the propagation of electromagnetic radiation , with the latter usually described in | 1 |
research inspired by black holes has dominated several areas of gravitational physics since the early seventies . laws of black hole mechanics brought out deep , unsuspected connections between classical general relativity | 1 |
the importance of chiral biaryl compounds can not be overstated ; this motif is the central feature of many ligands and catalysts . for example , phosphoramidites derived from binol have been | 1 |
the first direct detection of gravitational waves ( gws ) , widely expected in the mid 2010s with advanced ground - based interferometers [ 219 , 2 ] , will represent the | 1 |
it is my pleasure to review progress in numerical relativity based upon characteristic evolution . in the spirit of living reviews in relativity , we are now in an era in which | 1 |
einstein s equations represent a complicated set of nonlinear partial differential equations for which some exact or approximate analytical solutions are known . but these solutions are not always suitable for physically | 1 |
and i cherish more than anything else the analogies , my most trustworthy masters . they know all the secrets of nature , and they ought least to be neglected in geometry. | 1 |
the notion of conformal infinity introduced by penrose almost forty years ago is one of the most fruitful concepts within einstein s theory of gravitation . most of the modern developments in | 1 |
at the time of the birth of general relativity ( gr ) , experimental confirmation was almost a side issue . einstein did calculate observable effects of general relativity , such as | 1 |
in the 5th century b.c . , democritus postulated the existence of smallest objects that all matter is built from and called them cut. thus , atomos or atom means uncuttable or | 1 |
initially discovered by high - throughput screening at hoffman - la roche ( hlr ) in 2004 , the nutlins are cis - imidazoline small molecules that inhibit the mdm2-p53 protein protein | 1 |
the motion and associated emission of gravitational waves ( gw ) of self - gravitating systems have been a main research interest in general relativity . the problem is complicated conceptually as | 1 |
the notion of conformal infinity introduced by penrose almost forty years ago is one of the most fruitful concepts within einstein s theory of gravitation . most of the modern developments in | 1 |
at the time of the birth of general relativity ( gr ) , experimental confirmation was almost a side issue . einstein did calculate observable effects of general relativity , such as | 1 |
for the purposes of this review , relativistic binaries are systems containing two stellar mass degenerate or collapsed objects that are in close orbits . in the galactic field , where these | 1 |
tuberculosis ( tb ) is responsible for the death of 1.5 million people annually . the development of antibiotic resistant strains of the causal pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis ( mtb ) and comorbidity | 1 |
it is my pleasure to review progress in numerical relativity based upon characteristic evolution . in the spirit of living reviews in relativity , we are now in an era in which | 1 |
our conception of black holes has experienced several dramatic changes during the last two hundred years : while the dark stars of michell and laplace were merely regarded as peculiarities of newton | 1 |
breakthroughs in modern technology have made possible the construction of extremely large interferometers both on the ground and in space for the detection and observation of gravitational waves ( gws ) . | 1 |
nowadays the exploration of the universe can be performed by a variety of observational probes and methods over a wide range of the wavelengths : the temperature anisotropy map of the cosmic | 1 |
glucosamine is a key constituent in numerous important oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates , where it can be either - or -linked . whereas the former type of linkage can be reliably installed through | 1 |
image - guided surgery ( igs ) systems1 or medical robots are gaining in clinical importance due to the increasing requirements for accuracy and safety of surgical interventions . these approaches in | 1 |
tetracyclines are a class of antibiotics with broad spectrum antibacterial activity.(1 ) since the isolation of its first member , chlorotetracycline ( 1 , figure 1 ) , from the culture broth | 1 |
systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle or lupus ) is a disorder of immune regulation characterized by the breakdown of self - tolerance . the complexities of various humoral and cellular abnormalities under | 1 |
lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) is a biomedically highly relevant glycolipid located in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane of gram - negative bacteria . lps is essential for many functions of | 1 |
hole argument is the english translation of the german phrase lochbetrachtung , used by albert einstein to describe his argument against the possibility of generally - covariant equations for the gravitational field | 1 |
the accumulation and aggregation of amyloid- ( a ) peptides is believed to be one of the underlying causes of alzheimer s disease ( ad ) , which is the most common | 1 |
the historical development of laser interferometers for application as gravitational - wave detectors has involved the combination of relatively simple optical subsystems into more and more complex assemblies . the individual elements | 1 |
the chlorophenoxy herbicides mcpa and 2,4-d are registered for a range of agricultural and residential uses focused on control of postemergent broadleaf weeds . since 2001 , 2,4-d has been the most | 1 |
the eskape pathogens ( enterococcus faecium , staphylococcus aureus , klebsiella pneumoniae , acinetobacter baumannii , pseudomonas aeruginosa , and enterobacter species ) are responsible for 51% of all u.s . s. | 1 |
the task of quantizing general relativity is one of the outstanding problems of modern theoretical physics . attempts to reconcile quantum theory and general relativity date back to the 1930s ( see | 1 |
nitric oxide ( no ) is an important biological second messenger in humans , which plays a critical role in cell and neuronal signaling , blood pressure regulation , and the immune | 1 |
n - methyl - d - aspartate ( nmda ) receptors are members of the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors that mediate excitatory neurotransmission . nmda receptors are tetrameric assemblies of two | 1 |
crystal nucleation in liquids has countless practical consequences in science and technology , and it also affects our everyday experience . one obvious example is the formation of ice , which influences | 1 |
colloidal nanocrystals ( ncs ) have played a pivotal role in both fundamental research and in technological applications over the last 30 years . today , a rational synthetic approach to nc | 1 |
the cultivated tomato , lycopersicon esculentum mill . , a fruit that is often treated as a vegetable , is widely grown around the world and constitutes a major agricultural industry . | 1 |
absence seizures , typical for many different patients with absence epilepsy , principally differ from convulsive seizures . to illustrate , a number of widely used and efficient anticonvulsant drugs enhance absence | 1 |
cycloaddition reactions enable a versatile and straightforward access to carbocyclic or heterocyclic organic compounds . contrary to cyclization reactions , in which a single bond is formed , the hallmark of cycloaddition | 1 |
as explained in more detail in our previous report , in the course of a screening campaign of new chemical entities against infectious agents , compounds 1 and 2 were found active | 1 |
gravitational waves , one of the more exotic predictions of einstein s general theory of relativity may , after decades of controversy over their existence , be detected within the next five | 1 |
inflammation , an important component of innate immunity , is a ubiquitous host response to foreign physical and/or chemical challenges , invading pathogens or tissue injury , ultimately isolating the source of | 1 |
the mammalian transglutaminase ( tg ) family includes nine homologues , eight of which are catalytically competent ( tg17 and factor xiiia ) , whereas one ( band 4.2 ) is devoid | 1 |
the circulatory system is made up of blood vessels that specialize in providing tissues with oxygen , nutrients , and hormones to stabilize body temperature , ph , and thus maintain homeostasis | 1 |
major depressive disorder ( mdd ) is the single greatest cause of disability and morbidity in adolescence and young adulthood ( jamison et al . , 2006 ) , and is associated | 1 |
aqueous radical emulsion polymerization is the technically most important synthetic route to polymer dispersions and is used to produce worldwide about 7.5 million metric tons of dry polymer . from a more | 1 |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) is the leading cause of blindness for individuals aged 60 years or older . an estimated 11 million people in the united states suffer | 1 |
poly(adp - ribose)polymerase-1 ( parp-1 ) is an abundant , ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that is responsible for the maintenance and repair of dna damage . parp-1 is the founding member of | 1 |
retinal and cortical processing requires that some visual pathways retain a linear representation of visual signals . however , signal transmission across synapses and via spike generation is inherently nonlinear and rectifying | 1 |
the problem of quantizing general relativity ( gr ) is a very hard one . to this day , and despite continuing efforts , there is not a completely satisfactory theory of | 1 |
evasion of apoptosis or programmed cell death , a key regulator of physiological growth control and regulation of tissue homeostasis , is a hallmark of cancer and a contributor to the emergence | 1 |
helioseismology and asteroseismology are well known terms in classical astrophysics . from the beginning of the century the variability of cepheids has been used for the accurate measurement of cosmic distances , | 1 |
in this review we consider the problem of detection of deterministic gravitational - wave signals in the noise of a detector and the question of estimation of their parameters . the examples | 1 |
conventional cancer chemotherapy relies heavily on drugs that trigger programmed cell death via activation of apoptosis pathways . however , many cancers harbor mutations in tumor suppressor genes that function in apoptosis | 1 |
particle - like objects have a very long and broad history in science , arising long before newton s corpuscles of light , and spanning the range from fundamental to astronomical . | 1 |
apratoxins are potent cytotoxins derived from marine cyanobacteria . because of their biological activity and intriguing structures , we recently established that apratoxins prevent cotranslational translocation and thereby downregulate various receptors , | 1 |
measurements of the heavy quarkonium production in hadron collisions can be used to test predictions of quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) in the perturbative and non - perturbative regimes . several theoretical | 1 |
antibiotic resistance is an urgent world health concern that is aggravated by a lack of novel antibiotic discovery . the vast majority of antibiotic classes on the market today were discovered between | 1 |
patients or individuals may not respond in similar ways when administered with the same drug in a standard dose . both genetic and non - genetic factors including age , gender , | 1 |
it is my pleasure to review progress in numerical relativity based upon characteristic evolution . in the spirit of living reviews , we have entered an era in which einstein s equations | 1 |
accurate and reliable measurements of clinical features of electrocardiogram ( ecg ) signal are most important for effective diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases . in practice , ecg signals are mostly corrupted with | 1 |
infectious diseases are still a major concern worldwide [ 1 , 2 ] . in spite of the improved living conditions and advances in drug therapy leading to an increased protection from | 1 |
exponent is a consulting firm that provides scientific analysis and advice in areas that include toxicology and risk assessment ; georgetown university school of medicine is a provider of medical education . | 1 |
malaria is still one of the most menacing infectious diseases worldwide with estimated 207 million clinical cases and 627,000 death cases ( who ; ) . the treatment of malaria is complicated | 1 |
the structural range and biological importance of functional 1,7-naphthyridines have made them attractive targets of research for many years . their derivatives are found in various natural alkaloids such as eburnamonine , | 1 |
s - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase ( adometdcaaabbreviations : adometdc , s - adenosylmethionine decarboxylase ; adomet , s - adenosylmethionine ; odc , ornithine decarboxylase ; ssat , spermidine / spermine n - | 1 |
c h functionalization logic is rapidly permeating the way organic chemists approach synthesis and deconstruct target molecules . with methodological advances developing at an increasing pace , new disconnections and strategies once | 1 |
is expected to double by the year 2020.57 there are two major clinical presentations of amd : non - exudative or atrophic amd , which is characterized by the degeneration of choriocapillaries | 1 |
in general relativity , kinetic theory has been used relatively sparsely to model phenomenological matter in comparison to fluid models , although interest has increased in recent years . from a mathematical | 1 |
because of the emergence and spread of multidrug resistant microorganisms and pathogenic bacterial infections , novel chemotype antibacterial agents demonstrating distinct modes of action from existing antibiotics are urgently needed . natural | 1 |
pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most opportunistic and challenging pathogenic bacteria , with constant evolution of resistance and the complexity of multidrug resistant phenotypes due to the extensive use of antibacterial | 1 |
the case for ribonucleic acid ( rna ) being involved in the origin of life has been strengthened by the recent observation that pyrimidine ribonucleoside-2,3-cyclic phosphates can be assembled from simple building | 1 |
atomistic molecular dynamics ( md ) simulations have become an integral component of the tool set used to examine biomolecular systems . since the first md simulation of a protein in 1977 | 1 |
tuberculosis ( tb ) has been declared a global health emergency by the world health organization ( who ) . it is estimated that about one third of the worlds population is | 1 |
a child with a disorder of sexual differentiation ( dsd ) poses a variety of challenges for the treating physician as well as for the parents and family . although appropriate management | 1 |
aging of the world population has amplified the visibility of several human diseases and neurodegenerative disorders such as parkinson s , alzheimer s diseases and several forms of ataxia [ 1 - | 1 |
nitrogen heterocycles are ubiquitous in nature : a large number of biochemical pathways involve n - heterocycles as substrates , products , or coenzymes . this ensures their prominence among top pharmaceuticals | 1 |
in the discovery and development of new medicines , attrition rates are still very significant , despite the comprehensive measures taken by the chemical and pharmaceutical industry to lower the risk of | 1 |
blood brain barrier ( bbb ) is a vasculature of the central nervous system ( cns ) that is formed by capillary endothelial cells . this is not a fixed structure but | 1 |
substituted tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydropyranones are a common motif in numerous biologically active natural products ( figure 1 ) . synthesis of tetrahydropyran-4-ones ( thpos ) , followed by reduction of the ketone | 1 |
the c-19 methyl - substituted indole alkaloids represented in figure 1 are a relatively rare class of alkaloids belonging to the sarpagine ajmaline series with over 17 members isolated to date . | 1 |
more than 10 years after the pandemic caused by the sars ( severe acute respiratory syndrome ) coronavirus ( cov ) , no anticoronaviral regimens have been developed for the treatment of | 1 |
scheme 1 outlines the synthesis of novel thioacetamide ( compounds 4a4z ) and sulfinylacetamide ( compounds 5a5 g ) analogues of ( )-1 . the thioacetamide analogues 4a4z were generated via three | 1 |
over the past 90 years , the basic ingredients of general relativity have been tested in many different ways and in many different settings . from the solar eclipse expedition of 1917 | 1 |
synapses transfer information from sensory cells or neurons to other neurons or distinct target cell types , such as muscle cells . a plethora of presynaptic proteins orchestrate neurotransmitter release at the | 1 |
the objectives of the present paper include to give an overview of the wide spectrum of substances having endocrine - disrupting properties ; to list a series of observations suggesting that endocrine | 1 |
malaria is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases of the developing world . in excess of 3 billion people are at risk , and it currently leads to the deaths of | 1 |
the contributors to this special issue read delusions and other irrational beliefs and provided insightful and constructive criticism of its main theses . now i am grateful for the opportunity to revisit | 1 |
we briefly introduce the topic of this review article in two ways : by definition , and in a historical context . an isolated system in general relativity typically ends up in | 1 |
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