Patent ID: 8785635

Claim:
A compound represented by the following structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein: R 1 is H, alkyl, —OR, amino, sulfonamido, sulfamido, —OC(O)R 5 , —N(R 5 )C(O)R 5 or a sugar; R 2 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, nitrile, or 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; or R 1 and R 2 taken together form ═O, ═S, ═N(OR), ═N(R), ═N(NR 2 ), or ═C(R) 2 ; R 3 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl; R 4 is H; alkyl; alkenyl; alkynyl; aryl; cycloalkyl; 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; aralkyl; 5-6 membered heteroaryl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; heteroaralkyl, wherein the heteroaryl portion is a 5-6 membered heteroaryl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; haloalkyl; —OR; —C(O)R 5 ; —CO 2 R 5 ; —SO 2 R 5 ; —C(O)N(R 5 )(R 5 ); —[C(R) 2 ] q —R 5 ; —[(W)—N(R)C(O)] q R 5 ; —[(W)—C(O)] q R 5 ; —[(W)—C(O)O] q R 5 ; —[(W)—OC(O)] q R 5 ; —[(W)—SO 2 ] q R 5 ; —[(W)—N(R 5 )SO 2 ] q R 5 ; —[(W)—C(O)N(R 5 )] q R 5 ; —[(W)—O] q R 5 ; —[(W)—N(R)] q R 5 ; —W—NR 3 + X − ; or —[(W)—S] q R 5 ; wherein each W is, independently, a diradical; each q is independently for each occurrence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; X − is a halide; each R 5 is, independently, H; alkyl; alkenyl; alkynyl; aryl; cycloalkyl; 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; aralkyl; 5-6 membered heteroaryl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; heteroaralkyl, wherein the heteroaryl portion is a 5-6 membered heteroaryl that includes from 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; or —[C(R) 2 ] p —R 6 ; wherein p is 0-6; or any two occurrences of R 5 on the same substituent can be taken together to form a 4-8 membered optionally substituted ring which contains 0-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, and P; each R 6 is independently hydroxyl, —N(R)COR, —N(R)C(O)OR, —N(R)SO 2 (R), —C(O)N(R) 2 , —OC(O)N(R)(R), —SO 2 N(R)(R), —N(R)(R), —COOR, —C(O)N(OH)(R), —OS(O) 2 OR, —S(O) 2 OR, —OP(O)(OR)(OR), —NP(O)(OR)(OR), or —P(O)(OR)(OR); each R is independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl; provided that when R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are H; R 1 is not hydroxyl or a sugar; further provided that when R 4 is hydroxyl, then R 1 is not a sugar or hydroxyl; further provided that when R 4 is hydroxyl, then R 1 and R 2 together are not C═O.