Patent ID: 8563557

Claim:
A compound according to formula (I): wherein: X is O or S; Y is O or S; each Ar and Ar′ is independently a mono-, bi- or tricyclic aryl or heteroaryl group optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, alkoxy, alkylthio, cyano, thio, ester, acyl and amido, wherein (i) the heteroaryl group comprises one or more nitrogen or oxygen atoms, and the cyclic components of the mono-, bi, or tricyclic aryl and heteroaryl groups comprise 5- and/or 6-membered rings, each R 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, alkoxy, alkylthio, cyano and thio; and R 1 is a straight-chain or branched C 1-25 alkyl group wherein the alkyl group may be optionally interrupted (i) by replacing one or more of any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl group independently with one of the following diradical moieties: —O—, —S—, —N(R 6 )—, —C(═O)—, —SO 2 NR 6 —, —S(O)—, S(O) 2 —, C(═O)N(R 6 )—, —C(═O)O—, —C(═S)—, —C(═S)O—, —C(═S)S—, —C(═O)S—, —C(═N—OH)—, —C(═N—OR 6 )—, —C(═NR 6 )—, —C(═N—NH 2 )—, —C(═N—NHR 6 )—, —C(═O)N(R 6 )C(═O)—, —C(═S)N(R 6 )C(═S)—, —C(═O)N(R 6 )C(═S)— and —C(═N—N(R 6 ) 2 )—, wherein R 6 is hydrogen or alkyl, and/or (ii) when R 1 possesses at least two carbon atoms, by replacing, of the six carbon atoms of the alkyl group nearest the nitrogen atom to which the alkyl group is attached, either two of these carbon atoms that are adjacent by a 1,2-disubstituted C 3-10 cycloalkyl, phenyl or monocyclic heteroaryl diradical, or when R 1 possesses at least three carbon atoms, three of these carbon atoms that are adjacent by a 1,3-disubstituted C 4-10 cycloalkyl, phenyl or monocyclic heteroaryl diradical, or when R 1 possesses at least four carbon atoms, four of these carbon atoms that are adjacent by a 1,4-disubstituted C 5-10 cycloalkyl, phenyl or monocyclic six-membered ring heteroaryl diradical, wherein any cyclocoalkyl, phenyl or monocyclic heteroaryl group present may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from halo, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano and thio; and wherein one or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from halo, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano and thio, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.