Patent ID: 8685543

Claim:
A compound according to formula (1): (Cz-) n M m (1) wherein: each Cz is independently a substituted carbazolyl group or an unsubstituted carbazolyl group; each substituted carbazolyl group Cz independently comprises at least one substituent selected from a substituted aromatic group, an unsubstituted aromatic group, a substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, and an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; each M is independently a substituted pyrimidine, a substituted pyrazine, an unsubstituted pyrazine, a substituted aziridine, an unsubstituted aziridine, a substituted azaindolizine, an unsubstituted azaindolizine, a substituted isoindole, an unsubstituted isoindole, a substituted indazole, an unsubstituted indazole, a substituted purine, an unsubstituted purine, a substituted pteridine, an unsubstituted pteridine, a substituted Î²-carboline, an unsubstituted Î²-carboline, a substituted quinoxaline, an unsubstituted quinoxaline, a substituted quinazoline, an unsubstituted quinazoline, a substituted phenanthroline, an unsubstituted phenanthroline, a substituted phenazine, or an unsubstituted phenazine; each substituted group M independently comprises at least one substituent selected from a substituted aromatic group, an unsubstituted aromatic group, a substituted aromatic heterocyclic group, and an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; m is an integer of 1 to 3; n is an integer of 1 to 3; and at least one group M is bonded to at least one carbazolyl group Cz at a 9-position of the at least one carbazolyl group Cz.