Patent ID: 8774245

Claim:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode comprising: an N-type inclined GaN substrate in the vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode, said N-type inclined GaN substrate having an off-angle larger than 0 degrees in the direction of [1-100] from (0001) C plane; a layer of N-type Al x1 Ga 1-x1 N (0<x1<1) between said N-type inclined GaN substrate and a layer of N-type Al x2 Ga 2-x2 N (0≦x2<x1), said layer of N-type Al x1 Ga 1-x1 N (0<x1<1) touching said N-type inclined GaN substrate and said layer of N-type Al x2 Ga 2-x2 N (0≦x2<x1); an insulating layer between an active layer and a layer of P-type Al x6 Ga 1-x6 N (0≦x6<1), said insulating layer touching said active layer and said layer of P-type Al x6 Ga 1-x6 N (0≦x6<1); an insulating layer aperture extending through said insulating layer, a portion of the layer of P-type Al x6 Ga 1-x6 N (0≦x6<1) within said insulating layer aperture touching said active layer; a layer of N-type Al x3 Ga 1-x3 N (0≦x3<1) between said active layer and said layer of N-type Al x2 Ga 2-x2 N (0≦x2<x1), said active layer touching said layer of N-type Al x3 Ga 1-x3 N (0≦x3<1) and said insulating layer, wherein said layer of N-type Al x1 Ga 1-x1 N (0<x1<1) and said layer of N-type Al x2 Ga 2-x2 N (0≦x2<x1) are in a lower DBR layer, light from said active layer being reflectible from said lower DBR layer and emissible through said insulating layer aperture.