Patent ID: 8624262

Claim:
A light emitting diode comprising: an electrically conductive permanent substrate having a reflective top surface; an epitaxial film configured to emit light and disposed on said reflective top surface of said permanent substrate, said epitaxial film having an upper surface and a roughened lower surface that is opposite to said upper surface, said roughened lower surface having a plurality of peaks, which are in ohmic contact with said reflective top surface, and a plurality of valleys, none of which are in ohmic contact with said reflective top surface; an optical adhesive filled in a gap between said roughened lower surface and said reflective top surface and connecting said epitaxial film with said permanent substrate while maintaining the ohmic contact of said peaks of said epitaxial film with said permanent substrate such that a substantial portion of a current passes through said peaks; and a top electrode disposed on said upper surface and in ohmic contact with said epitaxial film.