Patent ID: 8680311

Claim:
A hybrid monolith comprising a compound of the structural Formula I: wherein: X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 vary independently and are selected from the group consisting of OH, alkoxy, alkyl and a bond bridged to a monolith comprising a siloxane matrix and a monolith surface having silanol groups; X 4 varies independently along the monolith as [—SiW 1 W 2 (CH 2 ) m R 2 ] and at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, and a bond bridged to the monolith surface; R 1 is alkyl, or alkenyl, either of which may be optionally substituted; R 2 is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group; W 1 and W 2 vary independently and are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, substituted alkyl, OH, and oxygen, wherein the oxygen is bridged to the siloxane matrix or [—SiW 1 W 2 (CH 2 ) m R 2 ]; m is an integer from 1-15; and n is an integer greater than 1, wherein silanol groups on the surface of the monolith are substantially replaced by quaternary amine groups to generate the positive surface charge stable under operating conditions of pH between about 2 and 9.