Patent ID: 8415042

Claim:
A metal halogen electrochemical system, comprising: (A) a vessel that contains: (a) a stack of cells, wherein each cell comprises: at least one positive electrode; at least one negative electrode; and a reaction zone between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and (b) an electrolyte comprising a metal and a halogen; (c) a stack of cell frames supporting the stack of cells; (d) a feed manifold opening and a return manifold opening in each cell frame in the stack of cell frames; (e) a feed manifold formed by aligned feed manifold openings in the stack of cell frames; (f) a return manifold formed by aligned return manifold openings in the stack of cell frames; (g) a plurality of distribution channels located in each cell frame, wherein the distribution channels are configured to introduce the electrolyte from the feed manifold to the reaction zone of each cell, and from the reaction zone to the return manifold; and (B) a circulation pump that is configured to convey a flow of the electrolyte through the reaction zone of each of the cells of the stack.