Patent ID: 8400021

Claim:
A system of transferring electromagnetic energy comprising: a first electromagnetic resonator receiving energy from a power supply, said first electromagnetic resonator having a first mode with a resonant frequency ω 1 , an intrinsic loss rate Γ 1 , an inductance L 1 , and a first Q-factor Q 1 =ω 1 L 1 /(R 1ohm +R 1rad ), wherein R 1ohm is the ohmic component of resistance in the first electromagnetic resonator and R 1rad is the radiative component of resistance in the first resonator; a second electromagnetic resonator being positioned distal from said first electromagnetic resonator and not electrically wired to the first electromagnetic resonator, said second electromagnetic resonator having a second mode with a resonant frequency ω 2 , an intrinsic loss rate Γ 2 , and inductance L 2 , and a second Q-factor Q 2 =ω 2 L 2 /(R 2ohm +R 2rad ), wherein R 2ohm is the ohmic component of resistance in the second electromagnetic resonator and R 2rad is the radiative component of resistance in the second electromagnetic resonator; and wherein electromagnetic energy is wirelessly transferred from said first electromagnetic resonator to said second electromagnetic resonator over a distance D that is smaller than each of the resonant wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 corresponding to the resonant frequencies ω 1 and ω 2 , respectively, wherein √{square root over (Q 1 Q 2 )}>100, R 1ohm >R 1rad , and R 2ohm >R 2rad .