Patent ID: 7633456

Claim:
An antenna comprising: a wafer substrate; a plurality of antenna elements integrated on the wafer substrate for radiating or receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal; an electrical connection integrated on the wafer substrate; a feed network integrated on the wafer substrate for distributing the RF signal from the electrical connection to the antenna elements and from the antenna elements to the electrical connection; a plurality of tunable dielectric phase shifters integrated on the wafer substrate with the feed network, each of the tunable dielectric phase shifters coupled to a corresponding one or more of the antenna elements and controlling a phase of the RF signal coupled to said corresponding one or more of the antenna elements and including a pair of coplanar striplines and one or more barium strontium titanate (BST) capacitors coupled between the pair of coplanar striplines; and a balun circuit coupled between a microstrip line of one of the antenna elements and the coplanar striplines of one of the tunable dielectric phase shifters.