Patent ID: 8004167

Claim:
A field effect electron emitting apparatus comprising: a substrate; a cathode on a surface of the substrate; an insulating layer on the cathode having an array of pores; a nano-wire electron emitter in each pore having at least a portion exposed from the pore and a portion connected to the cathode; a gate electrode spaced parallel to the insulating layer; and a spacing layer between the insulating layer and the gate electrode, wherein each nano-wire electron emitter is an electrochemically plated metal or metal oxide nano-wire, wherein the exposed portion of the nano-wire electron emitter is a portion that is extended above a surface of the pore, and wherein the spacing layer that is between the insulating layer and the gate electrode spaces the gate electrode such that the gate electrode is at a distance to the insulating layer that is equal to or more than a distance of the surface of the pore to an end of the portion of the nano-wire electron emitter exposed from the pore.