Patent ID: 8428297

Claim:
An electro-magnetic transducer, comprising: a. a housing for supporting at least a portion of at least three distinct magnetic circuits b. first and second magnetic circuits, the first and second magnetic circuits being structurally configured as mirror images of each other, each of the first and second magnetic circuits including a magnetic source with a pair of magnetically permeable structures extending outwardly from opposite sides of the respective magnetic sources, each pair of magnetically permeable structures forming a gap proximal to their outward end portions, the first and second magnetic circuits being operative to produce magnetic flux densities of equal and opposite polarities in the respective gap of each magnetic circuit; c. a third magnetic circuit, the third magnetic circuit including a magnetic source and magnetically permeable structure extending outwardly from opposite ends of the magnetic source, the third magnetic circuit being structurally configured so that the structural extensions of the third magnetic circuit terminate with their respective ends facing one another across a predetermined expanse, the third magnetic circuit further including an armature of magnetically permeable material residing in the predetermined expanse with opposite ends of the armature being in spaced relationship to structural extensions of the third magnetic circuit so as to form two gaps, one at each end of the armature, thereby forming a magnetic dipole on the armature, the armature being further positioned so that opposite ends of the armature reside in magnetic flux in the gaps between the respective pairs of magnetically permeable structures of the first and second magnetic circuits; and d. a support member affixed to and supporting the armature, said support member providing selective positional compliance so that its support of the armature is compliant in the direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the support surface and generally non-compliant within such plane, the armature being operative to move under the influence of the interaction of the magnetic fluxes in response to a change in the magnetic flux created by at least on of the magnetic circuits.