Patent ID: 8785055

Claim:
A lithium-free battery consisting essentially of: (a) an anode consisting essentially of one of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), and lead (Pb); (b) a cathode consisting essentially of a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of MnO 2 , PbO 2 , NiO, and Ag 2 O; and (c) an ionic liquid electrolyte consisting essentially of an imidazolium cation as: wherein each R independently is H or a halogen; R 1 and R 2 independently are one of hydrogen (H), a halogen, and CH 3 ; and R 3 is an aliphatic moiety of formula C n A m with n≧1 and m≧n, wherein each A independently is one of H and a halogen of Group 17 (IUPAC designation) elements, and wherein lithium (Li) is excluded among all of said anode, said cathode and said electrolyte.