Patent ID: 8547731

Claim:
A memory device, comprising: (a) a memory element including (i) a base layer on a lower side of the memory element, (ii) a fixed magnetization layer over the base layer, the fixed magnetization layer having a fixed direction of magnetization that is parallel with a film surface of the fixed magnetization layer, (iii) a memory layer over the fixed magnetization layer, the memory layer provided to hold therein information in accordance with a magnetization state of a magnetic material, (iii) a first non-magnetic layer between the fixed magnetization layer and the memory layer, (iv) a magnetic layer over the memory layer, the magnetic layer having a direction of magnetization that is perpendicular to the film surface of the fixed magnetization layer, (v) a second non-magnetic layer between the magnetic layer and the memory layer, and (vi) an antiferromagnetic layer on the magnetic layer; and (b) a wiring through which a current is caused to flow through the memory element.