Patent ID: 8871098

Claim:
A method for treating water, the method comprising: (a) routing a water stream through a pre-treatment line; (b) introducing the water stream from the pre-treatment line into an expansion section including an upstream end having a first cross-sectional area and a downstream end having a second cross-sectional area, the second cross-sectional area being greater than the first cross-sectional area; (c) providing a gas stream containing at least 3% ozone gas; (d) introducing the gas stream into the expansion section and the water stream at at least one injection point while the water stream is flowing through the expansion section, the at least one injection point located upstream of a monolith resulting in a gas liquid mixed-phase stream comprising ozone gas and water at the downstream end; and (e) passing the mixed-phase stream through the monolith located downstream from the expansion section, resulting in a reaction product in which at least a portion of the ozone gas is dissolved in the water.