Patent ID: 8896519

Claim:
An electrophoretic display, comprising: a first substrate having a horizontal surface; a first electrode formed on the horizontal surface of the first substrate; a second substrate overlapping the first substrate; an opaque material layer that is disposed on the first electrode and completely covers the first electrode; barrier walls formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the barrier walls defining pixels; a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode and formed on a vertical surface of a barrier wall of the barrier walls, the vertical surface of the barrier wall and the second electrode extending not parallel to the horizontal surface of the first substrate; a plurality of charged particles arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, pairs of the charged particles having different polarities; an upper light blocking layer formed on the second substrate in a region to entirely cover the pairs of the charged particles when the pairs of the charged particles are attracted to the second electrode, wherein each charged particle of the charged particles has at least two threshold voltages, and wherein the opaque material layer and the upper light blocking layer together cover an entire area of a pixel.