Patent ID: 8702210

Claim:
A piezoelectric element comprising: a first electrode provided on a vibration plate; a piezoelectric body layer provided on the first electrode; and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric body layer, wherein at least one end of a piezoelectric body active portion in which the piezoelectric body layer is interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode is defined by an end of the second electrode, wherein the first electrode has a portion configuring the piezoelectric body active portion covered with the piezoelectric body layer, and the first electrode and the piezoelectric body layer are extended to the outside of the end of the second electrode which defines the end of the piezoelectric body active portion, wherein the first electrode includes an exposure portion which is not covered with the piezoelectric body layer and extends to further outside than the end of the second electrode, wherein on the end of the piezoelectric body layer which forms the exposure portion, an independent electrode which is electrically independent from the second electrode is provided, wherein a through hole configuring the exposure portion is formed on the piezoelectric body layer which is present further outside than the end of the second electrode, and wherein the independent electrode is continuously provided over the periphery of the through hole.