Patent ID: 8447214

Claim:
A charging member comprising: a substrate; an elastic layer; and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer comprises a compound having: an Si—O—B linkage; and a constitutional unit represented by formula (1) and a constitutional unit represented by formula (2): BO 3/2 , formula (2) where, in the formula (1), R 1 and R 2 each independently represents any of structures represented by formulas (3) to (6): where, in the formulas (3) to (6), R 3 to R 7 , R 10 to R 14 , R 19 , R 20 , R 25 and R 26 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atom(s), a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or an amino group; R 8 , R 9 , R 15 to R 18 , R 23 , R 24 and R 29 to R 32 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atom(s); R 21 , R 22 , R 27 and R 28 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkoxyl group or alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atom(s); n, m, l, q, s and t each independently represents an integer of 1 to 8, p and r each independently represents an integer of 4 to 12, and x and y each independently represents 0 or 1; and an asterisk * and a double asterisk ** each represents a position of bonding with the silicon atom and oxygen atom, respectively, in the formula (1).