Patent ID: 8396399

Claim:
A toner bearing member, comprising: a conductive support; an insulation layer provided on the conductive support; multiple electrodes arranged at regular intervals on the insulation layer; a surface layer covering the multiple electrodes, comprising a polycarbonate having a unit represented by the following formula (1); and a voltage applicator that applies a voltage between the conductive support and the multiple electrodes while periodically reversing an electric field generated therebetween: wherein each of R 1 and R 2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or R 1 and R 2 may share ring connectivity to form a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms; each of R 3 and R 4 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group; and each of a and b independently represents an integer of 1 or 2.