Patent ID: 7968714

Claim:
A viologen compound having the structure where L is a hydrolytically stable covalent linking group selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, lower alkylene having 1 to 8 carbon atoms optionally terminated with, or including, one or more divalent connecting groups, wherein each divalent connecting group is independently selected from the group consisting of sulfonamide, amide, ester, ether, sulfide, sulfone, phenylene, urethane, urea, and amine; Z is selected from the group consisting of (i) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group selected from the group consisting of —R 10 —CO 2 —C(R 11 )═CH 2 , R10-NH—(C═O)—C(R11)═CH2, or —CH 2 —C 6 H 4 —CH═CH 2 , where R 10 is a lower alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms and R 11 is hydrogen or methyl, (ii) a coupling group of formula —R 12 —Z 3 , where R 12 is —CH 2 C 6 H 4 — or alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and where Z 3 is —OH, —SH, —CO 2 H, or —NH 2 ; (iii) 2-, 3- or 4-(CH 2 ═CH)-pyridinium; —N—(CH 2 ) w —O(C═O)C(CH 3 )═CH 2 ); —O—(CH 2 ) w , —O—CH 2 —(CH═CH 2 ); —O—(CH 2 ) w —O—(C═O)CH(═CH 2 ); or —O—(CH 2 ) w —O—(C═O)C(CH 3 )═CH 2 ; and (iv) —OH, —SH, —CO 2 H, or —NH 2 ; wherein w is a integer from 2 to 6; R′ is hydrogen or —B(OH) 2 ; R″ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —B(OH) 2 , and a coupling group of formula —R 12 —Z 3 , where R 12 is —CH 2 C 6 H 4 — or alkylene of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and where Z 3 is —OH, —SH, —CO 2 H, or —NH 2 ; and X is a halogen.