Patent ID: 8563657

Claim:
A fluoropolymer composite material comprising a fluoropolymer having incorporated therein a surface-functionalized particulate composition comprising a particulate having adhered to its surface an ionic compound of the general formula wherein M represents a ring or ring system containing at least one nitrogen atom in the ring or ring system; R a is a hydrocarbon linking group bound to a nitrogen atom of M and having at least one carbon atom, and optionally including one or more non-fluoro heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups; R b is a fluoro-substituted hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon atom and at least one fluorine atom and optionally including one or more non-fluoro heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups; the subscript v is 0 or 1, where a value of 0 for a subscript represents the absence of a group to which the subscript is appended, and a value of 1 represents the presence of a group to which the subscript is appended; the subscript w is a positive integer representing the number of —(R a ) v —R b units bound to an equal number of ring nitrogen atoms; +c represents a positive charge of magnitude c having a value of at least 1 and equal to the number of ring nitrogen atoms bound to —(R a ) v —R b ; X −r represents an anion with negative charge −r, where r is a value of 1, 2, or 3; the subscripts b and d are integers such that c×d=b×r, wherein the general formula 2 is according to the formula wherein: R 1 and R 3 are, independently, hydrocarbon linking groups having at least one carbon atom, and optionally including one or more non-fluoro heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups; R 2 is either a hydrogen atom, or a fluoro-substituted hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon atom and at least one fluorine atom and optionally including one or more non-fluoro heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups, or a heteroatom-containing group only when m is 1, wherein —R 1 —R 2 represents a vinyl group; R 4 is a fluoro-substituted hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon atom and at least one fluorine atom and optionally including one or more non-fluoro heteroatoms or heteroatom-containing groups; the subscripts m and p are independently 0 or 1, where a value of 0 for a subscript represents the absence of a group to which the subscript is appended, and a value of 1 represents the presence of a group to which the subscript is appended; X −r represents an anion with negative charge −r, where r is a value of 1, 2, or 3; and the subscripts a and b are positive integers such that a=b×r’wherein m is 1.