Patent ID: 8242019

Claim:
A method of forming a semiconductor device, comprising: providing a patterned substrate containing metal surfaces and dielectric layer surfaces; modifying the dielectric layer surfaces by exposure to a reactant gas containing a hydrophobic functional group, the modifying substituting a hydrophilic functional group in the dielectric layer surfaces with the hydrophobic functional group; and depositing metal-containing cap layers selectively on the metal surfaces by exposing the modified dielectric layer surfaces and the metal surfaces to a deposition gas containing metal-containing precursor vapor, wherein the depositing comprises: exposing the modified dielectric layer surfaces and the metal surfaces to the metal-containing precursor vapor to deposit metal layers selectively on the metal surfaces, wherein the metal-containing precursor vapor contains a metal element selected from platinum (Pt), gold (Au), ruthenium (Ru), cobalt (Co), tungsten (W), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), or palladium (Pd), or a combination of two or more thereof, and incorporating a dopant into the metal layers by exposing the deposited metal layers to a dopant gas selected from PH 3 , BH 3 , B 2 H 6 , BF 3 , NF 3 , NH 3 , N 2 , N 2 H 4 , PF 3 , PBr 3 , BCl 3 , Bl 3 , SiH 4 , Si 2 H 6 , SiH 3 Cl, SiH 2 Cl 2 , SiHCl 3 , SiCl 4 , Si 2 Cl 6 , SiH 3 F, SiH 2 F, SiHF 3 , SiF 4 , Si 2 F 6 , GeH 4 , or GeCl 4 , or a combination of two or more thereof, wherein the incorporating comprises exposing the metal layers to a gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) or an ion implant beam containing the dopant gas.