Patent ID: 7413842

Claim:
A toner process comprising: aggregating a latex emulsion comprising a resin, a colorant and a wax using an amount of metal ion coagulant to provide particles; heating the particles to provide micron size aggregates; optionally adding a second resin emulsion; adding a sequestering component and a base to remove the metal ion in a controlled manner; further heating the mixture to provide toner particles; and optionally, isolating the toner particles; wherein the amount of metal ion coagulant selected is represented by the following equation: M Seq =M IMC −M RM wherein M Seq represents the number of moles of sequestering agent, M IMC represents the initial moles of metal in the coagulant, and M RM represents the desired final coagulant metal concentration in moles; resulting in toner particles comprising resin, colorant and wax and which toner possesses a coagulant metal concentration of about 100 to about 900 parts per million based on the total weight of the toner.