Patent ID: 7436570

Claim:
An electrochemical device comprising: (a) a chamber for receiving an electrolyte solution; (b) at least one anode in contact with said electrolyte solution in said chamber; (c) at least one cathode in contact with said electrolyte solution in said chamber; and (d) an electrolyte solution comprising a molten salt solvent comprising at least one anion selected from the group consisting of bis bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide and tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide; at least one reductant soluble in said molten salt solvent, said reductant comprising at least one phenazine; and at least one oxidant soluble in said molten salt solvent, said oxidant having the chemical formula [A][B] 2 wherein B is selected from the group consisting of bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide and tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide and wherein A is a dication having the structural formula wherein R 1 and R 1′ are independently selected from alkyl having 1-20 carbons, aryl, alkyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, methoxy-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, nitro-substituted aryl having 6-20 carbons, cyano-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, trifluoromethyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons; wherein R 2 , R 2′ , R 3 and R 3′ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl having 1-20 carbons, aryl, alkyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, methoxy-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, nitro-substituted aryl having 6-20 carbons, cyano-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, trifluoromethyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons; or wherein A is a dication having the structural formula wherein R 4 and R 4′ are independently selected from alkyl having 1-20 carbons; wherein R 5 , R 5′ , R 6 , R 6′ , R 7 , R 7′ , R 8 , and R 8′ are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl having 1-20 carbons, aryl, alkyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, methoxy-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, nitro-substituted aryl having 6-20 carbons, cyano-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons, tnfluoromethyl-substituted aryl having 7-20 carbons.