Patent ID: 6972634

Claim:
An oscillator apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of stages, each stage of the plurality of stages having an output node to form a plurality of output nodes; each stage of the plurality of stages comprising a plurality of input transistors, the plurality of input transistors comprising at least three transistors, each transistor of the plurality of input transistors having an input to form a corresponding plurality of inputs for each stage; and wherein the plurality of stages are interconnected to provide an output node voltage V n for an n th stage, of the plurality of stages, in which substantially C ⁢ ⅆ V n ⅆ t = - ∑ j = 0 N - 1 ⁢ ⁢ g j ⁢ V n - j , modulo N, wherein “N” is a total number of the plurality of stages, “j” is a transistor number of the plurality of input transistors within each stage, C is a capacitance of each output node, g j is a transconductance of j th transistor of the n th stage, and V (n-j) is a voltage of a (n−j) th output node of the plurality of output nodes.