Patent ID: 7935244

Claim:
A process for converting heavy feeds carried out in a slurry reactor in the presence of hydrogen and an unsupported solid catalyst, said catalyst being obtained from an aqueous solution containing at least one cobalt and/or nickel salt of at least one heteropolyanion combining molybdenum and cobalt in its structure, said salt being Co II 3 [Co III 2 Mo 10 O 38 H 4 ], or Ni II 3 [Co III 2 Mo 10 O 38 H 4 ], alone or respectively as a mixture with the salt CO II 3/2 [Co III Mo 6 O 24 H 6 ] or the salt Ni II 2 [Ni II Mo 6 O 24 H 6 ], or from an aqueous solution containing as salts only Ni II [Ni II Mo 6 O 24 H 6 ] or Ni II 4 [Ni II 2 Mo 10 O 38 H 4 ] or a mixture thereof, said process including the following steps: a) mixing at least one source of molybdenum and at least one oxidizing compound in aqueous solution to synthesize peroxomolybdate ions at an acidic pH, in the mole ratio of said oxidizing compound to said molybdenum source in the range of 0.1 to 20; b) introducing at least one cobalt and/or nickel precursor by one of the following pathways (b1, b2 or b3): b1) introducing at least one cobalt precursor into the solution of step a) in the absence of a nickel precursor, to form a solution comprising at least said salt wherein the Co/Mo mole ratio is in the range 0.40 to 0.85; b2) introducing at least one nickel precursor into the solution of step a) in the absence of a cobalt precursor, to form a solution comprising at least said salt wherein the Ni/Mo ratio is in the range 0.40 to 0.85; b3) introducing at least one cobalt precursor and at least one nickel precursor into the solution of step a) to form a solution comprising at least said salts wherein the (Co+Ni)/Mo mole ratio is in the range 0.25 to 0.85, the Ni/Mo ratio is in the range 0.20 to 0.40 and the Co/Mo ratio is in the range 0.10 to 0.30; c) introducing the aqueous solution obtained in step b) into a hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes and/or resins at a temperature below 60° C. to form an emulsion; and d) injecting said emulsion obtained at the end of step c) upstream of or directly into the slurry reactor so as to form dispersed particulate active molybdenum sulfide catalyst in the heavy feeds, mixed with hydrogen and sulfide and e) conducting said converting of heavy feeds in the slurry reactor.