Patent ID: 7846514

Claim:
A compound represented by formula (1): wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 11 carbons, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 11 carbons; ring A 1 , ring A 2 , and ring A 3 are each independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, and in these rings, hydrogen may be replaced by halogen; Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 3 are each independently a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF═CF—, —(CH 2 ) 4 —, —(CH 2 ) 2 CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 (CH 2 ) 2 —, —CH═CH(CH 2 ) 2 —, or —(CH 2 ) 2 CH═CH—; L 1 and L 2 are each independently hydrogen or halogen, and at least one of L 1 and L 2 is halogen; W is —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, wherein both L 1 and L 2 are halogen when W is —CH═CH—; and n and m are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, and the sum of n and m is an integer of 0 to 3.