Patent ID: 8897376

Claim:
A data recording apparatus, comprising: an encoding unit implemented by processing circuitry and configured to encode an entire video stream including a plurality of units according to an encoding scheme and for generating an encoded video stream, wherein the encoding scheme includes at least two sub-schemes, and in a first sub-scheme of the at least two sub-schemes, predicting a picture, which occurs earlier in a display order than a first independently decodable picture that belongs to a current unit, from a picture, which belongs to a unit earlier than the current unit, is permitted, wherein the encoding scheme, for each sub-scheme of the at least two sub-schemes, prohibits predicting a picture, which occurs later in a display order than a respective first independently decodable picture that belongs to a respective current unit, from a picture, which belongs to a unit earlier than the respective current unit, wherein, in the first sub-scheme, predicting a picture, which occurs earlier in a display order than a respective first independently decodable picture that belongs to the current unit, from a picture, which belongs to a unit earlier than the current unit, is permitted, and predicting a picture, which occurs later in a display order than the respective first independently decodable picture that belongs to the current unit, from a picture, which belongs to a unit earlier than the current unit, is prohibited, wherein the video stream is encoded in the plurality of units including the current unit, which is a set of pictures starting with the first independently decodable picture and ending with a picture earlier than a second independently decodable picture that belongs to a unit later than the current unit in a decoding order, table creating unit implemented by the processing circuitry and configured to create a table which correlates reproduction time information of each independently decodable picture in the encoded video stream to position information in the encoded video stream; and recording unit implemented by the processing circuitry and configured to correlate the encoded video stream encoded by the encoding unit into the table created by the table creating unit and recording the correlated video stream and table to a record medium, wherein the table creating unit creates: a first sub table which correlates coarse reproduction time information in the encoded video stream to the position information corresponding to the coarse reproduction time information, and a second sub table which correlates fine reproduction time information in the encoded video stream to the position information corresponding to the fine reproduction time information.