Patent ID: 7054579

Claim:
A charging member comprising a support and one or more cover layers thereon, wherein, where the ten-point average surface roughness of the surface of said charging member is represented by Rz in units of μm, Rz satisfies the expression (1): 2 ≦Rz≦ 50 (1); an area Sa in units of μm 2 at the part of a hill of the surface of said charging member, having a height H in units of μm that satisfies the expressions (2) and (3) in relation to the Rz: H ≦14×log e Rz (2); and log e H ≧0.03 ×Rz +log e 7 (3); satisfies the expression (4): 0 <Sa ≦2,500×log e Rz +5,500 (4); and an area Sb in units of μm 2 of a region of the surface of said charging member, surrounded by hills each having the height H in units of μm that satisfies the expressions (2) and (3) in relation to Rz and other hills each having a height of not less than the height of the former hills, and not including on the inside thereof any hills having a height of more than 0.5 times the height of the former hills, satisfies the expression (5): log e Sb ≦−0.04 ×H +log e 35,000 (5).