Patent ID: 8424310

Claim:
A mixing chamber, comprising: a wall; and a vortex generating element arranged on the wall, the vortex generating element comprising: a top surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface, wherein the first side surface and the second side surface are not arranged in parallel, wherein the top surface is in contact with the wall via a front edge of the top surface, the front edge extending traverse to a flow direction, wherein the top surface abuts the first side surface and the second side surface forming a first edge and a second edge, wherein the first side surface extends in parallel to the flow direction so that the first edge does not contribute to generating a vortex, wherein the second side surface does not extend in parallel to the flow direction so that the second edge contributes to generating the vortex, wherein the vortex generating elements are effective to generate vortices in a previously swirled flow passing therethrough, and wherein the vortices are effective to induce counter rotation in a region within the swirled flow.