Patent ID: 8772763

Claim:
A photovoltaic cell comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an active layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode; wherein the active layer contains a macromolecular compound having a structural unit represented by Formula (1) or Formula (2): wherein R 50 and R 51 are the same as or different from each other and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a monovalent organic group, and further having a structural unit represented by Formula (3) or Formula (4): wherein Rs are the same as or different from each other and represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, or are bonded with each other to form a ring, wherein the substituent is selected from a group consisting of an alkyl group, an alkyloxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkyloxy group, an arylalkylthio group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, a silyl group, a substituted silyl group, a halogen atom, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an amido group, a monovalent heterocyclic group, a carboxyl group, a substituted carboxyl group, a nitro group, and a cyano group, wherein a hydrogen atom contained in the substituent is optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, wherein an inverse of excitation energy of the macromolecular compound from a ground singlet state to a lowest excited singlet state that is calculated using a time-dependent density functional theory is 0.43 (eV −1 ) or more.