Patent ID: 8540865

Claim:
A method for detecting biomolecular binding interactions comprising: providing a sample analyzer comprising an array of at least 10 5 sensors formed in a substrate, the sensors comprising a field-effect transistor having a gate oxide, a floating gate comprising conductors formed in a plurality of conductor layers and electrically coupled to one another, and a passivation layer overlying the floating gate, the sample analyzer further comprising signal lines for the sensors within at least one of the conductor layers; disposing a nucleic acid sample in proximity to or in contact with at least a portion of the sensors of the array; providing at least one metabolite in proximity to or in contact with at least a portion of the sensors of the array wherein metabolite interactions with the nucleic acid sample effectuate changes in at least one electrical property of at least a portion of the sensors of the array; and identifying binding interactions between the at least one metabolite and the nucleic acid sample by detecting the changes in electrical properties of at least a portion of the sensors of the array.