Patent ID: 8785921

Claim:
A device comprising a substrate, two or more electrodes facing each other disposed on the substrate and a positive hole injection transport layer disposed between two electrodes among the two or more electrodes, wherein the positive hole injection transport layer comprises a transition metal-containing nanoparticle containing at least a transition metal compound including a transition metal oxide, a transition metal and a protecting agent, or at least the transition metal compound including the transition metal oxide, and the protecting agent; wherein the protecting agent in the transition metal-containing nanoparticle contains at least one kind selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon and a heterocyclic ring, and a linking group which functions to connect the transition metal and/or transition metal compound; and wherein the linking group is one or more kinds selected from functional groups represented by the following formulae (1a) to (1l): wherein each of Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 independently represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group.