Patent ID: 8871482

Claim:
A mixture comprising: an inorganic material in the form of particles or fibers and said inorganic material having polar functional groups, a microorganism or enzyme each having complementary functional groups and having an attractive interaction to the functional groups of the inorganic material, a saccharified material, and a solvent, wherein the inorganic material has been functionalized by irradiating the material with ionizing radiation and subsequently quenching the irradiated material with a quenching agent suitable for producing the polar functional groups, and wherein the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, aragonite clay, orthorhombic clays, calcite clay, rhombohedral clays, kaolin, bentonite clay, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, insoluble sodium metaphosphate, magnesium orthophosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, hydroxyapatites, synthetic apatites, alumina, hydrated alumina, silica xerogel, metal aluminosilicate complexes, sodium aluminum silicates, zirconium silicate, silicon dioxide, graphite, wollastonite, mica, glass, fiber glass, silica, talc, carbon fibers, conductive carbon black, ceramic powders and ceramic fibers, alumina trihydrate, ground construction waste, and mixtures thereof.