Patent ID: 8501985

Claim:
A method of coupling a monophosphonium salt in coupling reactions together with one or more transition metals or their compounds, wherein the monophosphonium salt is of the type PR 1 R 2 R 3 *ZR′, wherein: residues R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues, and hetaryl residues, and wherein hydrogen atoms may be substituted in the alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues or hetaryl residues; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R′ can be the same or different; Z is selected from the group consisting of —SO 3 H and —COOH; the residue R′ when Z is —SO 3 H is selected from the group consisting of alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues, hetaryl residues and halogens, and wherein hydrogen atoms may be substituted in the alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues or hetaryl residues; the residue R′ when Z is —COOH is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues and hetaryl residues, and wherein hydrogen atoms may be substituted in the alkyl residues, cycloalkyl residues, aryl residues or hetaryl residues.