Patent ID: 7745934

Claim:
An electronic apparatus comprising: a first insulating layer above a substrate, the substrate including an electronic device; a first barrier/adhesion layer above and contacting the first insulating layer, the first insulating layer including a conductive path within the first insulating layer such that the first barrier/adhesion layer is conductively coupled to the electronic device, the first barrier/adhesion layer being a conductive layer; a first seed layer above and contacting the first barrier/adhesion layer, the first seed layer having a protective layer above and contacting the seed layer such that material of the protective layer is different from material of the seed layer, the material of the protective layer being conductive and selected to protect material of the seed layer from oxidation; a first conductive line on the protective layer; a second barrier/adhesion layer on and conductively coupled to the first conductive line, the second barrier/adhesion layer being a conductive layer; a second seed layer on and contacting the second barrier/adhesion layer; and a second conductive line on the second seed layer.