Patent ID: 8835703

Claim:
A method for the production of one or more olefins consisting of the following steps: (i) gasification reaction of lignocellulosic materials and/or other organic components contained in residues from harvesting of a renewable natural agricultural raw material, resulting in the production of a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen (synthesis gas); (ii) formation of methanol from the synthesis gas generated in step (i); and (iii) transformation of the methanol obtained in step (ii), directly or indirectly from an intermediate dimethyl ether, into one or more olefins, wherein it is integrated with a method of processing a renewable natural agricultural raw material into ethanol or ethylene, so that at least a part of the lignocellulosic residue generated in the method of processing the renewable natural agricultural raw material is directed to the gasification reaction of step (i), together with the following: (a) the carbon dioxide generated in the method of processing the renewable natural agricultural raw material is reduced to carbon monoxide by means of a reaction with hydrogen or with organic materials containing carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, generating a complementary amount of synthesis gas, which is directed to step (ii) of methanol formation; (b) the water generated as a by-product in step (iii) and, occasionally, also in the method of processing the renewable natural agricultural raw material is reused in at least the extraction of sugarcane juice; and (c) the streams leaving the gasification reactor and those leaving the step of formation of olefins from methanol provide the necessary heat to reduce the residual moisture of the residue of the renewable natural raw material to the levels required for the gasification reaction, or to preheat the charge in the gasification reactor, the charge of methanol and/or dimethyl ether, fed into the dehydration reactor.