Patent ID: 8231946

Claim:
An alignment layer comprising a photoreactive norbornene polymer, wherein the photoreactive norbornene polymer is substituted with at least one radical selected from the group consisting of a group represented by Chemical Formula (1a) and a group represented by Chemical Formula (1b), wherein the alignment layer is formed on a substrate, and the photoreactive norbornene polymer is contained in a higher amount in the upper side of the alignment layer than in the lower side of the alignment layer near the substrate: in Chemical Formulae (1a) and (1b), A is a direct bond, —O—, —S—, or —NH—; and B is selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylene, carbonyl, carboxy, ester, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 arylene, and a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 heteroarylene; and X is —O— or —S—; and R 9 is selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C20 alkenylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12 cycloalkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 arylene, a substituted or unsubstituted C7-C15 arylalkylene, and a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C20 alkynylene; and at least one of R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , and R 14 is a halogen or a C1-C20 alkyl substituted with a halogen; and the rest of them are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryloxy, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 aryl, C6-C40 heteroaryl including a heteroatom of Group 14, Group 15, or Group 16, and a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 alkoxyaryl.