Patent ID: 8361424

Claim:
A method of deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising at least one acid compound of the group made up of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), wherein the following stages are carried out: a′) selecting an absorbent solution that is a single phase when its temperature is below a critical temperature and that forms two separable liquid phases when it has absorbed an amount of acid compounds and is heated, and determining the critical temperature from which the absorbent solution divides into two liquid phases, a) contacting the gaseous effluent with the absorbent solution by feeding the gaseous effluent into a lower part of an absorption zone and by feeding the absorbent solution into an upper part of the absorption zone so as to obtain a gaseous effluent depleted in acid compounds and an absorbent solution laden with acid compounds, the absorbent solution being selected for its property of forming two separable liquid phases when it has absorbed an amount of acid compounds and when it is heated, b) carrying out at least one cooling of at least an absorbent solution portion circulating in the absorption zone, cooling being performed by indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid, cooling being carried out until a temperature of all the absorbent solution in the absorption zone reaches a temperature lower than the critical temperature such that all the absorbent solution is a single-phase solution in the absorption zone, and is not divided into two phases, c) heating the absorbent solution laden with acid compounds so that the absorbent solution divides into two liquid fractions: a first absorbent solution fraction depleted in acid compounds and a second absorbent solution fraction enriched in acid compounds, d) separating the two fractions obtained in stage c), e) regenerating the second fraction so as to release part of the acid compounds to obtain a regenerated absorbent solution, f) recycling the first absorbent solution fraction and the regenerated absorbent solution as absorbent solution to stage a).