Patent ID: 8151727

Claim:
A film being formed on a substrate which has a structure different from a monocrystalline perovskite structure, and containing a piezoelectric oxide which has a composition expressed by a compositional formula, A(B x C 1-x )0 3 , other than Bi(Fe y Sc 1-y )0 3 and Bi(Fe, Co)0 3 , where 0<x<1.0, 0.5≦y≦0.9, each of A, B, and C represents one or more metallic elements, A represents one or more A-site elements including Bi as a main component, B and C represent B-site elements, B represents one or more B-site elements including as a main component one or more elements which can constitute a perovskite structure together with the one or more A-site elements represented by A, C represents one or more B-site elements which are unable or hard to constitute a perovskite structure together with the one or more A-site elements represented by A, and the ratio of each of the total molar amount of the one or more A-site elements and the total molar amount of the B-site elements to the molar amount of oxygen may deviate from 1:3 within a range in which the composition expressed by the compositional formula A (B x C 1-x )0 3 can form a perovskite structure.