Patent ID: 7790394

Claim:
A method of analyzing a biological sample, wherein the method comprises combining a dye solution comprising a conjugate of a biological substance prepared from dye I, wherein C is a non-conjugated chain of 10 to 50 linear atoms selected from a group consisting of carbon and nitrogen that are further substituted by a hydrogen, an alkyl having 1-20 carbons, a hydroxyl, or a carbonyl; X is CR 15 R 16 ; n is 0 or 3; R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently a hydrogen having 1-20 carbons, a cycloalkyl having 3-20 carbons, an aryl, a heteroaryl, an amino, an alkylamino, an arylamino, a thiol, an alkylthio or a RGM; R 4 -R 11 and R 13 -R 16 are independently a hydrogen, an alkyl having 1-20 carbons, a hydroxyl, an alkoxy having 1-20 carbons, a fluorinated alkyl, a halogen, an alkylthiol, a sulfonyl, a carbonyl, a hydroxyl, an amino, an alkylthiol, a thiol, a sulfate, a phosphonate or a RGM; RGM is a carboxylic acid, an activated ester of a carboxylic acid, an acyl azide, an acyl nitrite, an imido ester, an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, or a maleimide; wherein the biological substance is selected from a group consisting of a peptide, protein, nucleotide, nucleic acid, carbohydrate, lipid, membrane or cell, and wherein the conjugate is analyzed by detecting optical response upon use of an illumination source.