Patent ID: 7656925

Claim:
A two-dimensional photonic crystal surface emitting laser, comprising: a two-dimensional photonic crystal including a plate-shaped matrix body in which a plurality of main modified refractive index areas, whose refractive index differs from that of a material of the matrix body, are periodically arranged; an active layer located on one side of the matrix body for emitting a light having a predetermined wavelength by a current injection, the wavelength being determined so that the light is reflected as a main reflected light by the main modified refractive index areas in the matrix body; and secondary structures, each located at an identical relative position with respect to each of the main modified refractive index areas in the matrix body, for reflecting the light having the predetermined wavelength emitted by the active layer as a secondary reflected light in the matrix body, wherein the relative position being set so that the main reflected light and the secondary reflected light interfere at a predetermined phase with each other in a plane of the two-dimensional photonic crystal.