Patent ID: 8176607

Claim:
A method of fabricating quartz resonators comprising: forming electrodes, pads, and interconnects on a first side of a piezoelectric quartz wafer; bonding the piezoelectric quartz wafer to one or more handle wafers; etching vias in the piezoelectric quartz wafer; forming electrodes and interconnects on a second side of the piezoelectric quartz wafer; forming metal plugs in said vias to connect the electrodes on said second side of said piezoelectric quartz wafer to the pads on said first side of said piezoelectric quartz wafer; dicing the piezoelectric quartz wafer along dicing lines formed therein to thereby define a plurality of dies, each die having at least one metal electrode formed on the first side of the piezoelectric quartz wafer thereof and at least one opposing metal electrode formed on the second side of the piezoelectric quartz wafer thereof; adhering the dies to a substrate with fluid ports therein, the fluid ports being associated with the metal electrodes formed on the first side of the die, thereby forming at least one fluid flow cell in each die with the at least one metal electrode formed on the first side of the piezoelectric quartz wafer in said at least one fluid flow cell and at least one opposing metal electrode formed on the second side of the piezoelectric quartz wafer of said at least one die opposite said at least one fluid flow cell; and removing the one or more handle wafers, thereby exposing the pads on the first side of the dies, said pads on the first side of the dies, in use, providing circuit connection points for allowing electrical excitation of the metal electrodes on the first side of the dies and the opposing metal electrodes on the second side of the dies.