Patent ID: 8716819

Claim:
A magnetic random access memory comprising a plurality of magnetoresistance elements each comprising: a recording layer having magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to a film surface, and a variable magnetization direction; a reference layer having magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to a film surface, and an invariable magnetization direction; and a first nonmagnetic layer formed between the recording layer and the reference layer, wherein the recording layer is physically separated for each of the plurality of magnetoresistance elements, and the reference layer and the first nonmagnetic layer continuously extend over the plurality of magnetoresistance elements; a first magnetic layer formed in the same plane as that of the recording layer, and electrically isolated from the recording layer; a second nonmagnetic layer formed on a surface of the recording layer, which is opposite to a surface on which the first nonmagnetic layer is formed; a third nonmagnetic layer formed on sidewalls of the recording layer and the second nonmagnetic layer; and a fourth nonmagnetic layer formed on a sidewall of the third nonmagnetic layer, wherein the third nonmagnetic layer is in contact with the recording layer, the first magnetic layer, the second nonmagnetic layer, and the fourth nonmagnetic layer.