Patent ID: 7265378

Claim:
A photoactive electronic device comprising: (a) an anode; (b) a cathode, said cathode having a work function energy level E 3 ; (c) a photoactive layer positioned between said anode and said cathode, said photoactive layer comprising a cyclometalated complex of a transition metal, said cyclometalated complex having a LUMO energy level E 2 and a HOMO energy level E 4 ; and (d) an electron transport and/or anti-quenching layer positioned between said cathode and said photoactive layer, said electron transport and/or anti-quenching layer having a LUMO energy level E 1 and a HOMO energy level E 5 , said layer comprising a quinoxaline derivative having Formula V, V(aa), V(ab), or V(ac), wherein: R 4 and R 5 are the same or different at each occurrence and are selected from F, Cl, Br, alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkylene, alkenylaryl, alkynylaryl, heteroarylalkylene, alkenylheteroaryl, alkynylheteroaryl, C n H a F b , OC n H a F b , C 6 H c F d , and OC 6 H c F d , or both of R 5 together may constitute an arylene or heteroarylene group; a, b, c, and d are each an integer such that a+b=2n+1, and c+d=5; n is an integer equal to or greater than 1; and w is an integer from 0 through 4; and with the proviso that: (1) E 1 −E 3 <1eV, (2) E 1 −E 2 >0, and (3) E 4 −E 5 >−1eV.