Patent ID: 7098128

Claim:
A method of filling two or more openings in a substrate, the openings comprising a bottom surface and sidewalls, at least two of the openings extending to areas having different surface potentials, the method comprising the steps of: forming a conductive base layer over the substrate to connect the at least two openings and over the bottom surfaces and sidewalls of the openings, the base layer comprising a first conductive material; directionally depositing a second conductive material to form a nucleation layer over the base layer over the bottom surface of the openings; removing the nucleation layer over the base layer on the sidewalls of the openings and over the base layer outside the openings such that the nucleation layer remains over the base layer over the bottom surface of the openings; and electroless depositing a conductive doped metal comprising boron or phosphorus onto the nucleation layer within the openings fill the openings.