Patent ID: 8728283

Claim:
A process for forming a non-epitaxial film on a substrate, in which the non-epitaxial film is formed with a sputtering technique utilizing plasma, the process comprising the steps of: providing a substrate in a floating state; and adjusting film formation conditions during said sputtering within a range such that Formulas (1) and (2) shown below are satisfied, wherein the film is a piezoelectric film containing at least one kind of perovskite oxide, the perovskite oxide being represented by General Formula (P-1) shown below: Pb a (Zr b1 Ti b2 X b3 )O 3 (P-1) wherein X represents at least one kind of metallic element selected from the group consisting of Group V and Group VI elements, a>0, b1>0, b2>0, and b3≧0, the standard composition being such that a=1.0, and at the same time b1+b2+b3=1.0, wherein each of the value of a and the value of b1+b2+b3 optionally deviates from 1.0 within a range such that the perovskite structure is formed, 650 ≧Ts (° C.)>400 Formula (1) −0.2 Ts+ 100 <Vs−Vf ( V )<−0.2 Ts+ 130 Formula (2), wherein Ts (° C.) represents a film formation temperature, and Vs−Vf (V) represents the difference between a plasma potential Vs (V) in the plasma at the time of the film formation and a floating potential Vf (V).