Patent ID: 8607579

Claim:
A heat transfer apparatus, comprising: at least one boundary wall defining a first flow path through a neck portion; at least one downstream wall, located in an outlet portion of the heat transfer apparatus, for creating a curved flow trajectory between the boundary wall and the downstream wall; a first heat source external to and in thermal communication with the boundary wall and the downstream wall; and a working fluid comprising a first fluid component with a second fluid component entrained therein, wherein the neck portion is shaped such that at least a portion of the second fluid component impinges upon at least a portion of the boundary wall and the downstream wall as the working fluid flows therethrough, whereby heat is transferred from the first heat source to the working fluid through the boundary wall and the downstream wall, and whereby the second fluid component changes phase from a gas to a liquid upon entering at least one of the first flow path or the curved flow trajectory and from a liquid to a gas upon impinging on the boundary wall and the downstream wall.