Patent ID: 6952445

Claim:
A method used for digital communications, comprising: a. periodic selection of a symbol from a first symbol constellation having at least two symbols, said two symbols having different amplitudes and each having non-zero probability, and said first symbol constellation having a first second-order statistic and a second second-order statistic, where i. said first second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said first symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by its complex conjugate and ii. said second second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said first symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by itself b. periodic selection of a symbol from a second symbol constellation having a third second-order statistic and a fourth second-order statistic, where i. said third second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said second symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by its complex conjugate and ii. said fourth second-order statistic is the expected value over all symbols in said second symbol constellation of each symbol multiplied by itself and iii. said fourth second-order statistic is not equal to said second second-order statistic.