Patent ID: 8717678

Claim:
An apparatus for detecting a change in a rotation frequency relative to an inertial frame of reference utilizing matter waves with a wide range of energies without loss of sensitivity, the apparatus comprising: a guiding loop for guiding the propagation of a first matter wave of particles in a clockwise direction and a second matter wave of particles in a counterclockwise direction, the guiding loop occupying a real area and having an effective area; an input port through which matter waves of particles enter; an output port through which matter waves of particles exit; exactly one beam splitter on the guiding loop, wherein the exactly one beam splitter includes a magnetic tunneling barrier having a controllable transmission probability, and wherein the exactly one beam splitter is operative to probabilistically perform an action from a group consisting of: reflecting, with a first input reflection probability, a particle of the first matter wave from the input port away from the guiding loop; transmitting, with a first input-loop transmission probability, a particle of the first matter wave from the input port into the guiding loop; reflecting, with a first loop-loop reflection probability, a particle of the first matter wave within the guiding loop to remain inside the guiding loop; transmitting, with a first loop-output transmission probability, a particle of the first matter wave within the guiding loop out of the guiding loop; reflecting, with a second input reflection probability, a particle of the second matter wave from the input port away from the guiding loop; transmitting, with a second input-loop transmission probability, a particle of the second matter wave from the input port into the guiding loop; reflecting, with a second loop-loop reflection probability, a particle of the second matter wave within the guiding loop to remain inside the guiding loop; transmitting, with a second loop-output transmission probability, a particle of the second matter wave within the guiding loop out of the guiding loop; and a means of measuring a change in an output transmission at the output port, for detecting a change in the rotation frequency.