Patent ID: 8470534

Claim:
A method of managing treatment of a human having an (ER)-positive human breast cancer tumor, the method comprising: a) obtaining a sample of the tumor from the human; b) determining an average level of expression of a plurality of genes regulated by retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) in the sample by determining the average level of expressed RNA of the plurality of genes regulated by RB, wherein the plurality of genes regulated by RB consists of: RAD21, BRCA1, ECT2, KIF11, SMC4L1, TOPBP1, STK6, KIF20A, CDC25C, CCNB1, CDC20, CDCA8, KIF2G, BIRC5, CDC45L, CDCA3, PRC1, CCN82, MK167, RAD51, CDCA5, BRRN1, TTK, KIF23, BUB1, CENPA, CCNA2, RRM2, TRIP13, EZH2, MAD2L1, TOP2A, RAD51AP1, TYMS, PCNA, HMGB2, FEN1, NEK2, CKS2, CHEK1, CDC6, GMNN, FIGNL1, TMPO, TCF19, LIG1, MCM2, MCM3, BRCA2, SMC2L1, PRIM1, RFC5, CDK2, CDCA7, PLTP, and TYRO3; c) determining whether the tumor is resistant to antiestrogen therapy by comparing the average level of expression of the plurality of genes regulated by RB in the sample with an average level of expression of the plurality of genes regulated by RB in a control, wherein the control represents a tumor responsive or non-responsive to the antiestrogen therapy, and wherein the antiestrogen therapy comprises tamoxifen; and d) managing the treatment of the human by (i) treating the human with antiestrogen therapy as a first-line therapy where the tumor is not resistant to the antiestrogen therapy, and (ii) treating the human with DNA-damaging therapy as a first-line therapy where the tumor is resistant to the antiestrogen therapy.