Patent ID: 8182695

Claim:
A method of filtration, comprising using a nanofilm to separate components from fluid, said nanofilm comprising a plurality of bridged macrocyclic modules, wherein the bridged macrocyclic modules are selected from compounds of the formula: wherein Q l , Q 2 , and Q 3 are synthons independently selected from wherein each of Q l , Q 2 , and Q 3 may optionally be substituted with one or more functional groups for coupling the synthon to at least a second bridged macrocyclic module or to a substrate; wherein each synthon may optionally be substituted with one or more lipophilic and/or hydrophilic groups; wherein each L is a linkage moiety independently selected from —NR—, —NRC(O)—, —CH 2 NH—, and —CH═N—, wherein the linkage is independently configured in either of two possible configurations, forward and reverse, with respect to the synthons it couples together; wherein the bridge moiety A is selected from —O—(CH 2 ) m —O—; —{NH—CHR—(CO)} m —O—; —O—(CF 2 ) m —O—; —(S) m —; —O(CH 2 CH 2 O) m —; —(OCH(CH 3 )CH 2 ) m O—; wherein R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; wherein X′ is independently H or a functional group for linking to at least a second bridged macrocyclic moiety or a substrate; wherein each J is an independently selected functional group for coupling the synthon to an adjacent synthon within said bridged macrocyclic module, and wherein each X 1 is an independently selected functional group for coupling the synthon to the bridge moiety; and wherein m is 2-14.