Patent ID: 8216956

Claim:
A layered electrocatalyst for an electrochemical process for oxidizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, the layered electrocatalyst comprising: a carbon support integrated with a conductive metal; at least one first metal plating layer comprising at least one of palladium, rhodium or ruthenium at least partially deposited on the carbon support, wherein the at least one first metal plating layer is active to OH adsorption and inactive to a target species, and wherein the at least one first metal plating layer has regions of varying thickness with at least a region having a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns; at least one second metal plating layer comprising platinum, or platinum and iridium at least partially deposited on the at least one first metal plating layer, wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is active to the target species, and wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is perforated and has regions of varying thickness with at least one region having a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, forming a layered electrocatalyst.