Patent ID: 8658573

Claim:
A microarray comprising: a surface; a compound of formula (I): immobilized on at least a part of the surface; one or more carbohydrates attached to the surface through a covalent bond to the compound of formula (I), wherein the covalent bond is photochemically generated; a compound of Formula (III) immobilized on the surface: wherein the compound of formula (I) and the compound of formula (III) are mixed in the microarray; and wherein one or more of the carbohydrates are capable of binding to an agent, wherein the agent is capable of indicating a presence of a disease or a pathogen; n is an integer from 1 to 100; X is R 2 , —CO 2 R 3 , —C(O)NR 3 R 3 , —SR 4 , —CN, —OR 3 , a halogen, a β-diketone, a silane, a phosphate, a phosphonate, a polymer, or block copolymer; ring A is substituted with one or more R 1 groups; R 1 is independently a halogen, a hydroxyl, an aryl, an amide, a cyano, a nitro, —R 2 , —C(O)R 3 , —CO 2 R 3 , —OC(O)R 3 , or —OR 3 ; R 2 is independently a hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted straight- or branched-chain alkyl which contains 1-6 carbons, a substituted or unsubstituted alkene which contains 2-4 carbons, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyne which contains 2-4 carbons, or —OC(O)R 5 ; R 3 is independently a hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkene which contains 2-4 carbons; R 4 is independently a hydrogen, —S-pyridyl, —SR 3 , —SO 2 R 3 , or SR 8 , wherein —SR 8 and the rest of formula (I) combine to form a bis-disulfide; R 5 is independently a hydrogen, an unsubstituted straight- or branched-chain alkyl that contains 1-6 carbons, or a straight- or branched-chain alkyl that contains 1-6 carbons and is substituted by an alkyne; and Y is —NR 3 R 3 , —OH, —SH, —C(O)NR 3 R 3 , —CO 2 H, an ammonium, or a salt thereof.