Patent ID: 8348842

Claim:
A system for monitoring and/or controlling a glycemic state of a subject, the system comprising: (a) at least one housing device adapted to be fully embedded internally within a subject wherein the at least one housing device includes: (1) a self-sealing membrane, (2) one or more sensors configured and adapted to produce a sensor output relating to a glycemic state wherein each of the one or more sensors is extendable through the self-sealing membrane into, and retractable back through the self-sealing membrane from being in, direct contact with a target of a subject, (3) a reservoir containing insulin and having an output port, (4) an injection mechanism configured to controllably inject the insulin through the output port, (5) a control mechanism configured to: (A) receive at least one sensor output from the one or more sensors, (B) obtain at least one measurement of cognitive performance of the subject, (C) analyze the at least one sensor output to detect an impending or occurring hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia condition and correlate the at least one sensor output with the at least one measure of cognitive performance to determine the presence of an impending or occurring neuroglycopenia, and (D) responsively control the quantity of insulin injected through the output port by the injection mechanism; and (6) an insertion mechanism controlled by the control mechanism, the insertion mechanism being configured and adapted to selectively extend at least one of the one or more sensors through the self-sealing membrane to be, and to selectively retract at least one of the one or more sensors back through the self-sealing membrane from being, in direct contact with a target of the subject; and (b) a response mechanism that is activated when the control mechanism detects an impending or occurring neuroglycopenia, hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia condition as determined by the control mechanism from the sensor outputs as determined by the control mechanism from the sensor output(s) and measure(s) of cognitive performance; and (c) wherein the control mechanism is further configured and adapted to automatically cause the sensor extensions and retractions by the insertion mechanism after a predetermined period of time.