Patent ID: 7212385

Claim:
A ferromagnetic tunnel magnetoresistive element, comprising: a first antiferromagnetic layer; a half-metallic ferromagnetic layer formed on the first antiferromagnetic layer; a first insulating barrier layer formed on the first half-metallic ferromagnetic layer; a first ferromagnetic metal layer formed on the first insulating barrier layer; a second insulating barrier layer formed on the first ferromagnetic metal layer; a second ferromagnetic metal layer formed on the second insulating barrier layer; and a second antiferromagnetic layer formed on the second ferromagnetic metal layer, wherein the element further comprises a first terminal for applying a first bias voltage between the half-metallic ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic metal layer, and a second terminal for applying a second bias voltage between the first ferromagnetic metal layer and the half-metallic ferromagnetic layer or the second ferromagnetic metal layer.