Patent ID: 8076378

Claim:
A dispersant of formula 1, including salts thereof; T-X-(A) m -(B) n -Z 1 wherein T is alkyl or alkenyl; X is a direct bond or a divalent bridging group; A is the residue of one or more optionally substituted hydroxy(C 1-50 -alkylene)carboxylic or hydroxy(C 2-50 -alkenylene)carboxylic acids or lactones thereof; B is the residue of one or more cyclic trimethylene carbonate substituted by C 1-6 -alkyl, cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 1-6 -alkyloxy-C 1-6 -alkyl or C 2-6 -alkenyloxy-C 1-6 -alkyl groups; Z is a phosphate group; m and n are positive integers; -(A) m -(B) n — represents a random copolymer of the residue of A and the residue of B; and m+n is from 2 to 200.