Patent ID: 8779168

Claim:
A lactone compound selected from lactone compounds represented by at least one of the following Formula I and Formula II, wherein Ring-A and Ring-B are each independently unsubstituted aryl, substituted aryl, unsubstituted fused ring aryl, substituted fused ring unsubstituted heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl, m and n are each independently selected from 0 to 4, R 1 for each m, and R 2 for each n, are in each case independently hydrocarbyl optionally interrupted with at least one of —O—, —S—, —N(R 11 ′)— where R 11 ′ is, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, or combinations of two or more thereof; substituted hydrocarbyl optionally interrupted with at least one of —O—, —S—, —N(R 11 ′)— where R 11 ′ is, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, or combinations of two or more thereof; halogen; or —N(R 11 ′)R 12 ′, wherein R 11 ′ and R 12 ′ are each independently, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, or R 11 ′ and R 12 ′ together form a ring structure optionally including at least one heteroatom, and R 3 and R 4 each independently represents hydrocarbyl optionally interrupted with at least one of —O—, —S—, and —N(R 11 ′)— where R 11 ′ is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl; or substituted hydrocarbyl optionally interrupted with at least one of —O—, —S—, and —N(R 11 ′)— where R 11 ′ is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl; or R 3 and R 4 together form a ring structure optionally including at least one heteroatom.