Patent ID: 7713941

Claim:
A process of making a compound having the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising cyclising a compound having the formula wherein A is O, S, CH 2 , NH, CHF, CF 2 or protected N; R 1 , R 2 , R 2′ , R 3 , R 3′ , and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, SH, NH 2 , NHOH, NHNH 2 , N 3 , COOH, CN, CONH 2 , C(S)NH 2 , COOR, R, OR, SR, SSR, NHR and NR 2 , wherein at least one of R 2 or R 2′ is a non-hydrogen substituent; R 4′ is-L-R 5 ; L is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NH, NR, CY 2 O, CY 2 S, CY 2 NH, CY 2 , CY 2 CY 2 , CY 2 OCY 2 , CY 2 SCY 2 , and CY 2 NHCY 2 , each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl, wherein alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl may each optionally contain one or more heteroatoms; R 5 is OH, monophosphate, diphosphate, or triphosphate, or a phosphonate, phosphoamidate, or phosphoester thereof; dashed lines (----) indicate an optional π bond; each W 1 and W 2 independently C, CH or N, wherein if W 1 and/or W 2 is a participant in a π bond then W 1 and/or W 2 is C, and when W 1 and/or W 2 is not a participant in a π bond then W 1 and/or W 2 CH or N; each Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and Z 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of N, N—(BH 2 G) − M + , C-G, O, S, NR, >C═O, >C═S, >C═NH, >C═NR, >S═O, >S(O) 2 and CH-G, wherein if Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and/or Z 4 is a participant in a π bond then Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and/or Z 4 is independently N or C-G, and if Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and/or Z 4 is not a participant in a π bond then Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 and/or Z 4 is independently N—(BH 2 G) − M + , O, S, NR, >C═O, >C═S, >C═NH, >C═NR, >S═O, >S(O) 2 or CH-G; (BH 2 G) − M + is an ion pair and M + is a cation; and each G is independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, OH, SH, NH 2 , NHOH, N 3 , COOH, CN, CONH 2 , C(S)NH 2 , C(═NH)NH 2 , R, OR, SR, NHR, and NR 2 ; wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, acyl, and aralkyl, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms.