Patent ID: 8435627

Claim:
A coated substrate comprising a substrate ( 100 ) and a multi-layer nanoparticle coating ( 105 ) having a thickness of up to about 500 nm thereon, wherein the nanoparticle coating ( 105 ) comprises: an ionic polyelectrolyte layer ( 110 ); and an ionic mixed colloid layer disposed over the polyelectrolyte layer ( 110 ), wherein the mixed colloid layer comprises hydrophilic colloid ions ( 130 ) and conductive colloid ions ( 120 ) coupled to one another through electrostatic or non-electrostatic forces, and the conductive colloid ions ( 120 ) and the hydrophilic colloid ions ( 130 ) are both coupled to the polyelectrolyte layer ( 110 ), wherein the coating has an elemental weight ratio of conductive colloid ion to hydrophilic colloid ion of about 1:1 to about 7:1 as measured by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).