Patent ID: 7326262

Claim:
Combustible, fuel and/or fuel oil, containing a major part of a hydrocarbon base comprising petrols, middle distillates, synthetic fuels, animal or vegetable oils, and their mixtures, and a minor part, from 50 to 1000 ppm, of at least one multifunctional additive enabling fuels to be operable in cold conditions, this additive comprising copolymers of at least one dicarboxylic compound with at least one olefin, having formula (I): wherein R 1 and R 2 are radicals comprising dodecyl and octadecyl radicals; R 3 comprises an alkyl group containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms and R 6 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; where if R 3 contains from 12 to 30 carbon atoms then R 6 is hydrogen; R 4 and R 5 , are identical or different, and correspond to hydrogen or an alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, with n and m whole numbers varying between 1 and 50, and X comprises: i) amine salts of the type: wherein R′ 1 and R′ 2 , are identical or different, and are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkylamines containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, N-alkylpolyalkylene-amines of formula (II): wherein R′ 3 and R′ 4 , are identical or different, and are hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and x, y and z are whole numbers, x varying between 1 and 6 and y and z varying between 0 and 6, mono-hydroxylated amines, poly-hydroxylated amines, and polyamines; ii) alkylamines containing from 1 to 44 carbon atoms, and N-alkylpolyalkylene-polyamines of formula (II); wherein when R 6 is hydrogen and R 3 is a tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, or eicosyl group, then X is —NR″ 1 R″ 2 , in which R″ 1 and R″ 2 are either: (a) identical or different, and are selected from the group consisting of: alkylamines containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; and N-alkylpolyalkylene-polyamines selected from the group consisting of N-alkyldiethylene-triamines, N-alkyldipropylene-triamines, N-alkyltriethylene-tetramines, N-alkyltetraethylene-pentamines and N-alkyltetrapropylene-pentamines, or (b) one of R″ 1 and R″ 2 is an alkyl group of 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and the other is either: (1) alkylamines containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; or (2) N-alkylpolyalkylene-polyamines selected from the group consisting of alkyldiethylene-triamines, N-alkyldipropylene-triamines, N-alkyltriethylene-tetramines, N-alkyltetraethylene-pentamines and N-alkyltetrapropylene-pentamines; and the copolymer of formula (I) containing from 45 to 65 mole % of at least one olefin unit and from 55 to 35 mole % of at least one dicarboxylic unit.