Patent ID: 8466242

Claim:
A polymer comprising acidic monomers and ionic monomers connected to form a polymeric backbone, wherein each acidic monomer independently comprises at least one Bronsted-Lowry acid, wherein one or more of the acidic monomers comprises a linker connecting the at least one Bronsted-Lowry acid to the polymeric backbone, wherein each ionic monomer independently comprises a nitrogen-containing cationic group or a phosphorous-containing cationic group, and wherein one or more of the ionic monomers comprises a linker connecting the nitrogen-containing cationic group or the phosphorous-containing cationic group to the polymeric backbone, wherein the nitrogen-containing cationic group and the linker of an ionic monomer form a nitrogen-containing side chain, wherein each nitrogen-containing side chain is independently selected from the group consisting of: wherein the phosphorous-containing cationic group and the linker of an ionic monomer form a phosphorous-containing side chain, wherein each phosphorous-containing side chain is independently selected from the group consisting of: