Patent ID: 7929098

Claim:
A liquid crystal display element, comprising: electrodes that are formed upon a substrate, and include a mark electrode that is formed in a closed loop, an outer electrode that is arranged at a periphery of the mark electrode, and an isolated electrode that is surrounded by the mark electrode; an electrically insulating layer that is disposed between the electrodes and the substrate, and in which a first through hole that corresponds to the mark electrode, a second through hole that corresponds to the outer electrode, and a third through hole that corresponds to the isolated electrode are formed; and a wiring layer that is disposed between the electrically insulating layer and the substrate, and upon which a first wiring is formed that electrically connects the outer electrode and the isolated electrode via the second and third through holes, wherein the electrically insulating layer further comprises a fourth through hole that corresponds to the outer electrode; a second wiring arranged to extend to a lead-out portion to electrically connect the outer electrode to an external drive circuit via the fourth through hole; and the first wiring is arranged not to extend to the lead-out portion.