Patent ID: 8852407

Claim:
A nanodevice, comprising: a reservoir filled with a conductive fluid; a multi-layer membrane separating the reservoir, the membrane comprising a metal electrode layer having a tunneling junction formed therein, the tunneling junction comprising migrated material softened to be a narrow gap size of the tunneling junction from a wider gap size; and a nanopore formed through the membrane, the nanopore being formed through other layers of the membrane such that the nanopore is aligned with the narrow gap size of the tunneling junction of the metal electrode layer; wherein when a voltage is applied to the metal electrode layer, a tunneling current is generated by a base in the tunneling junction to be measured as a current signature for distinguishing the base; wherein an organic coating resides on an inside surface of the tunneling junction, wherein the organic coating includes a selection from hydroxamic acid, resorcinol functionality, adenine monophosphonic acid, guanine monophosphonic acid, sulfonamides, and sulfonic acid.