Patent ID: 7925778

Claim:
One or more non-transitory computer readable media storing instructions which, when executed by one or more computing devices, cause the one or more computing devices to perform: at a first node, adding to a multicast message a vector stack including addresses of two or more border routers in a path towards a destination of the multicast message, wherein a first address in the vector stack is an address of a second node in a first autonomous system; forwarding the multicast message and the vector stack; receiving the multicast message and the vector stack at the second node; determining that the first address of the vector stack is the address of the second node; in response to determining that the first address of the vector stack is the address of the second node, removing the first address from the vector stack, and forwarding the multicast message and the vector stack towards the second address of the addresses in the vector stack, wherein the second address is an address of a third node in a second autonomous system, and wherein the third node is coupled to other nodes in the second autonomous system, and wherein the first node and the second node are unaware of addresses for the other nodes in the second autonomous system.