Patent ID: 8375768

Claim:
An electrochemical sensor comprising: (a) a substrate having a first surface and a second surface on opposing sides of the substrate; (b) a first electrode over the first surface; (c) a second electrode over the first surface and spaced apart from the first electrode; (d) a third electrode over the first surface and spaced apart from the first electrode and the second electrode; and, (e) an ionic liquid film over the first surface, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode; wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are spaced apart to permit electrochemical measurement of an analyte absorbed in the ionic liquid film, and wherein the first electrode, second electrode and third electrode are arranged on the first surface of the substrate and adapted for connection to a potentiostat for use as a reference electrode, a working electrode, and a counter electrode in the electrochemical sensor, respectively.