Patent ID: 8258899

Claim:
An apparatus, comprising: a substrate; a first conductive layer formed on the substrate; a first actuation electrode formed on the substrate or on a member coupled to the substrate, wherein the first actuation electrode on the substrate is separated from the first conductive layer; the member coupled to the substrate and having a first side facing the substrate, and a second side; the member comprising one or more conductive members; and wherein: (1) the apparatus comprises a nano-electromechanical system (NEMS) switch for switching DC (direct current) in a logic circuit; (2) when the first conductive layer and one of the conductive members are electrically connected with the DC, the NEMS switch is in an ON or closed state; (3) when there is a gap between the first conductive layer and the one of the conductive members, the NEMS switch is in an OFF or open state; and (4) a voltage difference between the first actuation electrode and one of the conductive members switches the NEMS switch between the OFF or open state and the ON or closed state.