Patent ID: 8053774

Claim:
A wafer comprising a plurality of dies and interconnects, wherein the plurality of dies are integral portions of the wafer and the interconnects are on the wafer, wherein an individual die comprises a working electrode and, a die pad, an electrode operable to generate a deprotecting reagent, and a confinement electrode surrounding the working electrode and the electrode operable to generate a deprotecting reagent to confine a reductive molecule or an oxidative molecule and a die pad on the wafer, wherein the die pads of the plurality of dies as integrated portions of the wafer are interconnected by the interconnects to carry out parallel chemical reactions on a plurality of working electrodes of the plurality of dies as integrated portions of the wafer, wherein each of said plurality of dies comprises a surface disposed to be exposed to a test solution, wherein each of said plurality of dies comprises electrical interconnects adaptable to electrically interconnect with electrical connections provided on a substrate, and wherein an individual die diced from the wafer is electrically operable when mounted on said substrate.