Patent ID: 7220482

Claim:
An article comprising particles, a substrate and an organic film, wherein the particles are fixed on the substrate via the organic film, a structure described below is defined by the substrate, the organic film and the particle: particle-X1-R1-Y-R2-X2-substrate where X1 and X2 are —O—Si— or —S—, wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is a saturated hydrocarbon that includes 1 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein R1and R2 are directly bonded to said Y group and said Y group consists of a single moiety selected from the group consisting of: —CO—; —OSi—; —SiO—; —φ—NH—; —NH—φ—; —φ—CH 2 —φ—; —CH═N—; —N═CH—; —φ—CO—; —CO—φ—; —φ—CH 2 —φ(—CHO)—; —φ(—CHO)—CH 2 —φ—; —NH—CO—NH—; —CO—NH—O—; —O—NH—CO—; —CHOH—CH 2 NH—; —NH—CH 2 —CHOH—; —CO—O—; —O—CO—; —NH—CO—; and —CO—NH—, where φ is a benzene ring.