Patent ID: 8143043

Claim:
Encapsulated cellular material comprising: cells comprising a polymeric layer around the cells, the polymeric layer comprising (a) polymerized material and (b) a positively-charged initiator polymer having a polymeric backbone comprising (i) at least five initiator groups pendent from the polymeric backbone, and (ii) a cationic portion comprising cationic groups pendent from the polymeric backbone, wherein the cationic groups provide a positive-charge to the positively-charged initiator polymer in conditions having a pH up to and including, pH 8, wherein the cationic groups of the cationic portion interact with negatively charged surface molecules on the cellular material to localize the positively-charged initiator polymer on the surface of the cellular material, and wherein the positively-charged initiator polymer has a ratio of cationic groups:initiator groups of at least 1:1.