Patent ID: 8378115

Claim:
A compound of wherein each of R 1 -R 10 and R 12 is independently H or a linear or branched hydrocarbon, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 , R 3 and R 4 , R 4 and R 5 , R 7 and R 8 , R 8 and R 9 , R 9 and R 10 or R 6 and R 12 are substituents capable of forming an aliphatic chain or ring, or an aromatic ring; R 11 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; R 13 is selected from a linear, cyclic, or branched hydrocarbon that is saturated or unsaturated containing one or more heteroatoms, optionally containing a tetraalkylammonium group; aryl or pyrimidyl; or NR 14 R 15 where R 14 and R 15 are the same or different and are independently H or a linear, cyclic, or branched hydrocarbon, with the proviso that if both R14 and R15 are hydrocarbon, at least one of R14 and R15 is containing one or more heteroatoms, optionally containing a tetraalkylammonium group, or R 14 and R 15 in combination complete a five, six, or seven membered saturated ring, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms optionally containing a quaternary ammonium group; X is S; n is an integer from 0 to 3; and anion − is a counterion.