Patent ID: 8778580

Claim:
An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising: a cylindrical support; a conductive layer formed on the cylindrical support, the conductive layer containing a binding material and metal oxide particles, and not containing any antimony; and a photosensitive layer formed on the conductive layer; wherein the metal oxide particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of: zinc oxide particles doped with aluminum, gallium or indium, particles of titanium oxide coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, tungsten or fluorine, particles of barium sulfate coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, tungsten or fluorine, and particles of zirconium oxide coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, tungsten or fluorine; wherein: the metal oxide particles are doped in an amount of from 0.01% by mass to 30% by mass based on the mass of the metal oxide to be doped, the metal oxide particles have an average primary particle diameter of from 0.03 to 0.50 μm, where a test in which a voltage of −1.0 kV having only a DC voltage component is continuously applied to the conductive layer for 1 hour is conducted, the conductive layer has volume resistivity satisfying the following mathematical expressions (1) and (2), as values before and after the test: −0.50≦(log|ρ 2 |−log|ρ 1 |)≦0.50 (1), and 1.0×10 8 ≦ρ 1 ≦2.0×10 13 (2), where, in the expressions (1) and (2), ρ 1 is volume resistivity (Ω·cm) of the conductive layer as measured before the test and ρ 2 is volume resistivity (Ω·cm) of the conductive layer as measured after the test.