Patent ID: 8620187

Claim:
A bias charging member comprising: a conductive substrate; an outer base layer disposed over the conductive substrate, wherein the outer base layer has a surface roughness R z ranging from about 0.3 Î¼m to about 2 Î¼m and is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of isoprenes, chloroprenes, epichlorohydrins, butyl elastomers, polyurethanes, silicone elastomers, fluorine elastomers, styrene-butadiene elastomers, butadiene elastomers, nitrile elastomers, ethylene propylene elastomers, epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide copolymers, epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) elastomers, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers (NBR), natural rubber, and combinations thereof; an outer surface coating disposed on the outer base layer, the outer surface coating comprising one or more polymers and a plurality of conductive fillers to provide the outer surface coating with a surface roughness R z of less than about 2 Î¼m, wherein the one or more polymers are selected from the group consisting of polycaprolactone, polyurethane, polyurea, polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyamide, polycarbonate, phenolic resin, aminoplast resin, copolymer derived from conjugated diene monomers, vinyl aromatic monomer, ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer, fluoropolymer and combinations thereof, and an adhesive layer disposed between the conductive substrate and the outer base layer, the adhesive layer comprising conductive fillers.