Patent ID: 7091517

Claim:
A silicon substrate having a silicon surface comprising a covalently bound monolayer, said monolayer comprising a group of the formula: R 1 —C≡C—Si wherein Si is a surface silicon atom through which the substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group is bonded to the silicon surface; and R is hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, isocyano, C 1 –C 18 alkoxy, C 1 –C 18 carboxy, C 1 –C 18 alkoxycarbonyl, primary, secondary or tertiary amino, thiol, optionally substituted phosphino, borane (1) or borane (2), or C 1 –C 18 alkylthioether or an optionally substituted C 1 –C 18 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or vinyl group; and when R is a substituted group, the group is substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halo, cyano, isocyano, C 2 –C 24 alkynyl, C 1 –C 18 alkoxy, C 1 –C 18 carboxy, C 1 –C 18 alkoxycarbonyl, primary, secondary or tertiary amino, thiol, optionally substituted phosphino, aryl, borane (1) or borane (2), or C 1 –C 18 alkylthioether, halo C 1 –C 18 alkyl, cyano C 1 –C 18 alkyl, isocyano-C 1 –C 18 alkyl, C 1 –C 18 carbamido, or C 1 –C 18 alkylthio group, a C 1 –C 18 ferrocene substituent or another electron donor, a metal chelating ligand or a metal complex thereof, or a biologically significant ligand selected from an antibody, a receptor protein, DNA or RNA, or a DNA or RNA analog capable of forming a double or triple stranded complex with DNA or RNA; or R together with the carbon atoms to which it is attached, forms a 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered ring, and wherein the monolayer comprises a pattern wherein some portions of the pattern are no more than about 10 molecules of the group thick.