Patent ID: 7038063

Claim:
A method of forming a labelled substrate comprising: reacting a substrate selected from a polynucleotide, a nucleotide, a nucleoside, a polypeptide, a carbohydrate, a ligand, a substantially enantiomerically pure compound, a particle, and a surface, with the linking moiety of a substantially pure atropisomer compound having the structure: wherein Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently selected from O, OH, NH 2 , NHR, and NR 2 , X is selected from carboxylate and sulfonate; and at least one of R 1 , R 4 , R 5 , R 11 , R 13 , R 14 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , Z 1 , or Z 2 is a linking moiety selected from azido, monosubstituted primary amine, disubstituted secondary amine, thiol, hydroxyl, halide, epoxide, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester, carboxyl, isothiocyanate, sulfonyl chloride, sulfonate ester, silyl halide, chlorotriazinyl, succinimidyl ester, pentafluorophenyl ester, maleimide, haloacetyl, epoxide, alkyihalide, allyl halide, aldehyde, ketone, acylazide, anhydride, iodoacetamide, phosphoramidite and an activated ester, whereby a labelled substrate is formed.