Patent ID: 8574710

Claim:
A composition, comprising: a substrate including a surface; and a multi-layer coating of nanowires positioned on at least a portion of the surface, the coating comprising three or more laminar layers of nanowires, including a bottom layer of nanowires affixed to the surface, and a top-most layer of nanowires, wherein a nanowire within a laminar layer is oriented substantially parallel to another nanowire within the same laminar layer, nanowires within adjacent laminar layers are not substantially parallel to one another, the top-most layer of nanowires has a refractive index of about 5% to about 70% of a refractive index of the bottom layer of nanowires, and the refractive index of the three or more laminar layers of nanowires decreases by about 10% or more per laminar layer from the bottom layer of nanowires to the top-most layer of nanowires.