Patent ID: 7598199

Claim:
A particle having a diameter, comprising an inorganic metal oxide and a stabilizing compound comprising a nucleophilic moiety; wherein said diameter is about 1 to about 1,000 nm; and said stabilizing compound comprising a nucleophilic moiety is a polymer or co-polymer; wherein said polymer or co-polymer comprises a plurality of monomers represented by formula X: wherein, independently for each occurrence, X is —C(═N—OH)—R 3 or —C(═O)—N(R)—OH; W is absent, —O—, —N(R)—, —S—, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)N(R)—, —C(═O)S—, —S(═O)—, —S(═O) 2 —, —C(R 3 ) 2 —, —C(═O)—, —C(═NR 3 )—, —C(═S)—, —C(R 3 )═C(R 3 )—, —C≡C—, -cycloalkyl-, -heterocycloalkyl-, -cycloalkenyl-, -heterocycloalkenyl-, -aryl-, or -heteroaryl-; R is —C(═O)OR 3 , —C(═O)N(R 3 ) 2 , —C(═O)SR 3 , —C(═O)R 3 , C(═NR 3 )R 3 , —C(═S)R 3 , —C(R 3 )═C(R 3 ) 2 , —C≡CR 3 , —[C(R 3 ) 2 ] p —R 3 , hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; R 1 is —OR, —NR 2 , —SR, —C(═O)OR, —OC(═O)R, —NRC(═O)R, —C(═O)NR 2 , —C(═O)SR, —SC(═O)R, —S(═O)R, —S(═O) 2 R, —C(═O)R 3 , —C(═NR)R 3 , —C(═S)R 3 , —C(R 3 )═C(R 3 ) 2 , —C≡C R 3 , —C≡N, —[C(R 3 ) 2 ] p —R, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; R 2 is hydrogen or alkyl; R 3 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, aryl, or heteroaryl; and n is 0-5 inclusive; m is 0-5 inclusive; and p is 0-10 inclusive.