Patent ID: 7781509

Claim:
A method for making a modified clay, the method comprising: a) contacting a clay with an aqueous solution comprising a compound according to formula III: Y—W—Z—C(R 1 )═CH 2 III; and thereafter b) contacting the clay with an organic solvent solution comprising an alkoxyamine according to formula IV: R 2 —O—NR 3 R 4 IV; wherein Y is a heterocyclic quaternary ammonium moiety, + NX 1 X 2 X 3 , or + PX 1 X 2 X 3 wherein X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 are each individually H or a C1-C20 group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, and any of these substituted with one or more of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus; W is a direct bond or a C1-C20 alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl spacer group; Z is selected from O, NH, O—CO, NH—CO, and phenylene; V is a vinylic monomer repeating unit; n is an integer from 0 to 100,000; R 1 and R 2 are as defined for X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 ; and R 3 and R 4 are each individually selected from C1-C10 alkyl or together form part of an unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted piperidine or pyrrolidine ring, provided that at least one of R 3 and R 4 is substituted alpha to N with PO(OR 7 ) 2 , wherein each R 7 is individually selected from the group consisting of H, lower alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, and alkylaryl.