Patent ID: 8836327

Claim:
A magnetometer comprising: a vapor cell die, having a top surface and a bottom surface, that is configured to receive and modulate a light, wherein the vapor cell has a vapor cavity, containing a gas that is hermetically sealed within the vapor cavity; a base die, having top and bottom surfaces, wherein the top surface of the base die is coupled to the bottom surface of the vapor cell die and the base die is configured to include a laser light source providing a light beam, wherein the longitudinal axis of the light beam output is vertically aligned with a photodiode and the vapor cavity; a photo detection die, having top and bottom surfaces, the bottom of the photo detection die is coupled to the top of the vapor cell die, wherein the photo detection die has a photodiode configured to receive a modulated light and then generating a light signal that represents the magnitude of the received light; wherein the vapor cell die further comprises: a lower transparent structure having a top surface and a bottom surface; the bottom surface of the lower transparent structure having an opening that extends from the bottom of the lower transparent structure; a vapor cell structure having a top surface and a bottom surface, the bottom surface of the vapor cell structure being bonded to a portion of the top surface of the lower transparent structure, the top surface of the lower transparent structure forming a bottom surface of the vapor cavity, wherein the vapor cavity extends completely through the vapor cell structure to form substantially vertical side wall surfaces of the vapor cavity; an upper transparent structure having top and bottom surfaces, wherein a portion of the bottom surface of the upper transparent structure is bonded to the top surface of the vapor cell structure, wherein the bottom surface of the upper transparent structure forms a top surface of the vapor cavity; wherein the upper transparent structure comprises: a plurality of metal traces that include a plurality of bond pad regions, the metal traces touching the top surface of the upper transparent structure; and a passivation layer that touches the top surface of the upper transparent structure and the metal traces, wherein the passivation layer is non-conductive and moisture resistant and has a plurality of openings that expose the plurality of bond pads.