Patent ID: 7664158

Claim:
A two-dimensional photonic crystal surface-emitting laser comprising: an active layer that emits a light with a carrier injection; a medium layer formed near the active layer; and a two-dimensional photonic crystal formed in the medium layer by arranging a medium having a refractive index different from that of the medium layer in a lattice pattern, wherein the two-dimensional photonic crystal includes a distributed-feedback control photonic crystal in which a light propagating through the active layer as a core is subjected to a two-dimensional distributed feedback within a plane of the active layer, and the light is not radiated in a direction normal to the plane of the active layer, and a surface-emission control photonic crystal in which the light is radiated in the direction normal to the plane of the active layer, and the distributed-feedback control photonic crystal and the surface-emission control photonic crystal are superimposed with each other.