Patent Description:
A free dome range (FDR) where dairy animals have free access to their stall to concurrently eat and to be milked was initially presented by the current inventors (<CIT>). This FDR comprises, inter alia, mobile milking units (MMUs) configured to be transported on an elevated rail system to an animal, such as a cow, to its stall; and to milk the animal while it is eating. In some embodiments, the elevated rail system with its associated MMUs passes along the front portion of the stall (front elevated rail system). In a few embodiments, the elevated rail system with its associated MMUs passes along the rear portion of the stall.

An FDR comprising a front elevated rail system along which mobile units can be automatically moved is still a long-felt need.

Mobile milking units (MMUs) are known in the art, see <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>, and <CIT>. The prior-art MMUs are movable in the dairy farm on the ground, at the level of the dairy animal's legs.

Each dairy cow can produce about <NUM> (<NUM> lb) of manure and <NUM> (<NUM> gallons) of urine every day. Manure-based zoonotic bacteria, including Salmonella spp. , Campylobacter spp. , Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Escherichia coli and protozoa viz. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia therefore contaminate the ground and equipment movable thereon.

Moreover, farm yards are full of various mechanical obstacles and constructions, as well as dairy animals, so transport of MMUs at or near ground level in such an environment is difficult and dangerous.

<CIT> teaches a vaulted free range system (FRD) where dairy animals have free access to their barn to feed and be milked at the same time, comprising:.

However, <CIT> neither teaches, suggests nor motivates either an upper roadway or a front elevated rail at a front portion of the cow stalls. Furthermore, <CIT> does not teach or suggest an elevated road surface designed to transport mobile units in multiple directions, which would enable the simultaneous milking of several dairy animals.

Japanese patent application published JPH10229766 indicates that the problem to be solved is to attain a remarkable reduction in cost and improvement in milking efficiency and to cancel trouble such as an error mounting the teat cup teat cup, its drop after mounting, unnecessary stress applied to a milk cow and unnecessary energy consumption. The solution is an automatic milking machine is constituted by providing milking units Ma and Mb for performing milking while automatically mounting teat cups T on a milk cow held in a stall Aa. In this case, this machine is provided with a mounting unit for supporting the milking units Ma and Mb so as to be mounted on the milk cow C while fixing its relative position horizontal to at least one milk cow C and a mounting unit supporting mechanism for supporting this mounting unit so as to freely displace it in at least a horizontal direction.

However, JPH10229766 neither teaches, suggests nor motivates either an upper roadway or a front elevated rail at a front portion of the cow stalls.

<CIT> teaches a milking system with milking units of a milking machine, which can be connected to a stall line or a milk collection container. A suspension device for the milking units is adjustable in height and can be moved along the stall. The suspension device comprises a guide device spaced below the stable roof, a carrier device which is held by the guide device and moves along it, and a hanging device of variable length, which is carried by the carrier device. At its end away from the carrier device, a milking unit (<NUM>) can be suspended. The hanging device includes a cable with a weight compensating device such as a spring balancer.

However, <CIT> neither teaches, suggests nor motivates either an upper roadway or a front elevated rail at a front portion of the cow stalls.

It is hence a long felt need to provide dairy farms with an easy, clean and safe means for transporting MMUs from animal to animal.

It is an object of the present invention to disclose a dairy farm characterized by (a) an array of n stalls (n-<NUM>, n, n+<NUM>, n+<NUM>) side-by-side on a dairy animal level; each of said stalls is configured by means of size and shape to accommodate a dairy animal (<NUM>), and having a main longitudinal axis Y, a front side facing the animal's head (<NUM>) and an opposite rear side facing the animal's tail (1t) along said Y axis; (b) a common elevated road surface (<NUM>) provided on a higher level, above said stalls; said road surface extends along an axis X which is substantially perpendicular to said axis Y, and (c) at least one mobile unit, including at least one mobile milking unit (MMU, <NUM>) , configured to be freely passaged on said elevated road surface (<NUM>) along said X axis, along said Y axis, in a rotation about the X axis, in a rotation about the Y axis, and in a rotation about the Z axis, and any combination thereof.

In a further embodiment, said road surface (<NUM>) comprises one or more openings (3n) enabling free connection along the vertical Z axis between an upper surface of said road surface and said stall beneath.

In a further embodiment, each of said n stalls (e.g., n-<NUM>, n, n+<NUM>, n+<NUM>), at its rear portion, comprises an opening <NUM>(n-<NUM>), <NUM>(n), <NUM>(n+<NUM>), <NUM>(n+<NUM>), respectively.

In a further embodiment, said rear portion is located in an area selected from a group consisting of; behind said dairy animal teats (1t); beside said dairy animal teats (1t); in front of said dairy animal teats (1t) and any combination thereof.

In a further embodiment, a mobile-unit docking station (<NUM>) is provided adjacent to at least one said opening; said docking station comprising means to service said at least one MMU, said service is selected from a group consisting of providing energy, providing steam, providing at least one fluid, removing at least one fluid, and removing milk.

In a further embodiment, at least one vertical transport mechanism (VTM, 4a-c) is located adjacent each of said opening.

In a further embodiment, said MMU comprises, is in connection with or is in communication with a milking module configured to advance towards the dairy animal's teats, in a movement provided in a manner selected from a group consisting of (a) moving, during at least one portion of the whole movement, below the dairy animal, at teat height, at a height of about the middle of the dairy animal, above the dairy animal and any combination thereof; (b), moving, during at least one portion of the whole movement, in a direction selected from a group consisting of toward the dairy animal, away from the dairy animal, along the dairy animal, in the dairy animal's rear portion, in the dairy animal's side portion, in the dairy animal's front portion and any combination and orientation thereof.

In a further embodiment, said at least one mobile unit further comprises a member selected from a group consisting of a taxi; a mobile feeding unit (MFU); a mobile cooling unit (MCU); a mobile milk-transferring unit (MTU); a stall cleaning unit, an animal cleaning unit, an animal measuring unit, an animal identifying unit, a tag-free identification unit, an animal health-scoring unit, an animal documenting unit, an animal to stall matching unit, an animal-to-milking group matching unit, an animal feed analysis unit, a cow health unit, a feed intake unit, an estrus diagnosing unit, an alerting unit, a feed pushing unit, a feed remixing unit, a feed compressing unit, a feed compacting unit, a refreshing or spreading unit, a feed autoloading unit, a food preparation unit; and any combination thereof.

In a further embodiment, said dairy farm comprises a controller comprising artificial intelligence (AI), said controller configured to control movement of each of said at least one mobile unit; the controller is configured to position said at least one mobile unit at at least one predetermined location, and to control said movement of said at least one mobile unit either independently or as part of an interrelated system of operations.

The terms "road" and "rail" interchangeably refer to one or more roads, rails, substantially horizontally-positioned elevated constructions, e.g., a metal-made (iron, steel) structure, configured so that a module is movable upon, routes, tracks, elevated surfaces on which modules are moveable, paths, pathways, footpaths, lanes, lines of traffic, bars or the like on which modules are moveable or trails.

The disclosure will provide details in the following description of one or more embodiments with reference to the following figures. The figures are merely schematic representations, not intended to portray specific parameters of the one or more embodiments of the invention. The figures are intended to depict only typical embodiments of the invention. In the figures, like numbering represents like elements. The novel features believed characteristic of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The one or more embodiments of the invention itself however, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:.

The following description is provided, so as to enable any person skilled in the art to make use of the invention and sets forth examples contemplated by the inventor of carrying out this invention. Various modifications, however, are adapted to remain apparent to those skilled in the art, since the generic principles of the present invention have been defined in the appended claims.

The present invention discloses a dairy farm with an elevated road for free transport of mobile units and methods thereof.

The term 'feeding' refers to any combination of preparing or otherwise providing the animal either a single food or a mixture of two or more foods types; introducing special foods, such as a diet food, a tailor-made, animal-specific and/or condition (estrus, sickness, pre- or after-birth) foods; wet or dry food, or concentrate food; admixing additives (e.g., medicaments, special foods, minerals, vitamins, proteins, lipids, moisture etc.).

The mobile units include at least one mobile milking unit (MMU) and further mobile units selected in a non-limiting manner from a group consisting of, inter alia, a mobile feeding unit (MFU); a mobile cooling unit (MCU); a mobile milk-transferring unit (MTU); a stall cleaning unit (in some embodiments, this can also clean the animal), an animal cleaning unit ; a food arranging unit; one or more of the following: an animal measuring unit, an animal identifying unit that can include face recognition, biometric identification, authentication, authorization and verification; a tag-free identification, unit that can include face recognition, biometric identification, and authentication; one or more of the following: an animal health-scoring unit; an animal documenting unit, including visible and NIR camera photographing or videoing, voice recording, temperature sensing, breath chemical, biological and physical analysis etc.; an animal-to-stall matching unit and/or animal-to-milking group matching unit; animal feed analyzing, e.g., grazing time, feed intake volume and/or rate, chewing rate, grazing patterns, eating patterns, rumination patterns; and a cow health unit (general health parameters and/or specific health parameters, including e.g., eye health, nose health, cow behavior, such as cow behavior during milking that needs a special treatment before or during milking or a different pattern or way of teat attachment and milking procedure, etc.); feed intake; estrus diagnosis; an alerting unit and any combination thereof; and one or more of the following: a feed pushing unit, a feed remixing unit, a feed compressing or compacting unit, a refreshing or spreading unit, a feed autoloading unit, and a food preparing unit; energy recharging unit water loading unit, steam generating unit, heat exchange unit, MMU-supplying units for providing MMUs with required inlets (energy, steam, water, iodine for teat-after-treatment etc.), tug unit or tow unit to mobile static units, and any combination thereof.

The stall cleaning unit can provide at least one of predefined and well-focused airflow(s) and/or predefined and well-focused pulses of air, vacuum, floor cleansing material, water for floor cleansing, floor wiping, stall refreshing, application of steam, application of water, application of soap, brushing and drying of the stall and/or its surroundings, scrubbing of the stall, brushing of the stall, and disinfection for the stall and/or its surroundings.

The stall cleaning unit and the animal cleaning unit can provide predefined and well-focused airflow(s) and/or predefined and well-focused pulses of air, vacuum, application of steam, application of water, application of soap, brushing and drying of the animal or a portion thereof (udder, teats area, back, head etc.), scrubbing of the animal, brushing of the animal, and disinfection for the animal.

Disinfection can also comprise decontamination, such as removing or killing contaminants such as micro-organisms, causes of infectious diseases etc..

According to some embodiments a plurality of mobile units is configured to be moved along the rail. A mobile unit can comprise at least one mobile milking unit (MMU) and, in a nonlimiting manner, a mobile feeding unit (MFU), a mobile cooling unit (MCU), a mobile milk-transferring unit (MTU) and any combination thereof. A mobile unit can be moved along the rail manually, semi-automatically, automatically, robotically, by means of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer system and any combination thereof. The locomotion of the units can be provided by any suitable means, e.g., an electrically driven system, a mechanically driven system, a pneumatically driven system, etc..

The mobile unit can be independently mobile, i.e., comprising the means by which it can be moved, it can be reversibly attachable to a taxi unit, and any combination thereof. A taxi unit is a module movable on at least one rail that comprises a suitable locomotion means and that is reversibly attachable to at least one mobile unit. A taxi unit can be moved along the rail manually, semi-automatically, automatically, robotically, by means of an Al-activated computer system and any combination thereof.

Each of the mobile units (including its functions) can be operated independently, as an interrelated part of a cow-care system comprising movement of more than one mobile unit, and any combination thereof. The cow-care system can comprise an operation to prepare a cow for milking, milking a cow, providing for the cow's comfort before and during milking so as to keep the cow in an optimum condition for milking and thereby stimulate optimum milk production, an operation to treat a cow after completion of milking, stall cleaning, ensuring cow hygiene, ensuring milk hygiene, providing feed for the cow, food diagnostics, making the stall area attractive for milking and feeding for optimum cow comfort, cow welfare and cow health, and any combination thereof.

An integrated and interrelated AI-based system can be configured to provide optimal results for each individual cow, for non-limiting example, providing more cooling for a larger cow than for a smaller cow, providing an optimized volume of feed, providing an optimized type of feed, providing an optimized texture of feed, changing any combination of feed volume, feed type and feed texture based on health status, and any combination thereof. It should be noted that, since a cow can be individually identified, the correct optimized treatment can be provided to a cow independent of the milking stall she enters.

It should further be noted that a taxi, having delivered a mobile unit to one cow, can be detached from the mobile unit. Once detached, the taxi can be used for any other purpose, including, but not limited to, delivering a mobile unit to another cow, delivering milk to a collection point, collecting feed from a storage area, recharging a water tank, recharging cleaning material, refilling an air tank, refilling cow treatment storage compartments, and any combination thereof.

Reference is hence made to <FIG>, each of which illustrates in an out of scale manner an embodiment of a dairy farm with a road surface above the stalls for free transport of at least one mobile milking unit (MMU). In one embodiment of the invention, the dairy farm is a free dome range (FDR) as defined in <CIT> and <CIT>, both are incorporated herein as references. In other embodiments, the embodiment pertains to other types of dairy farms, such as small, medium and large farms, free-stall dairies, drylot dairies, pasture-based dairies, housed dairy farms, experimental dairy farms, extensively grazed dairy farms, hand milking farms, vacuum bucket milking farms, milking pipeline farms, milking parlors (such as herringbone and parallel parlors and rotary parlors), automatic milker take-off, fully automated robotic milking farms, and any combination thereof. As shown in <FIG>, the farm comprises, inter alia and in a non-limiting manner, a side-by-side (namely, along the main X axis) array of four stalls, i.e., (n-<NUM>), n, (n+<NUM>) and (n+<NUM>). A dairy animal (here a cow) is temporarily accommodated within an nth stall along the Y main axis, with its head facing the front side (<NUM>, F) towards a feeding path (<NUM>), and its tail facing the opposite direction, namely the rear side (<NUM>, R). The stalls' ceiling (roof) provides a substantially continuous second floor, configured in this invention as a road surface (<NUM>) above the stalls for the at least one MMU (e.g., <NUM>, <NUM>) and for other types of mobile unit, some of which are discussed below. Each of the stalls and the road surface above them are characterized by a front portion <NUM> (F) and a rear portion <NUM> (R).

In one embodiment of the invention there is provided, in the rear portion of each of the aforesaid stalls, an opening <NUM>(n-<NUM>), 3n, <NUM>(n+<NUM>) and <NUM>(n+<NUM>) respectively. In another embodiment of the invention there is provided, in the side portion of each of the aforesaid stalls, the opening <NUM>(n-<NUM>), 3n, <NUM>(n+<NUM>) and <NUM>(n+<NUM>) respectively. The term "side portion" refers to either, both or all of the following: (i) rear and at least a portion of a side, (ii) about the middle of a long side of the stall, including at least a portion of the side, (iii) at least a portion of a side, and (iv) front and at least a portion of a side; where the "side" is either or both of the right side or left side with respect to a dairy animal standing in a stall.

Openings are configured by means of size, shape and location to allow the delivery of items along the vertical Z main axis, from the road surface (<NUM>, second floor) to the rear portion of the cow located at stall n, first floor, and vice versa. Each opening and the rails around it provide for an upper docking station. Power inlets, fluid inlets and outlets, communication interfaces and other interconnectable assemblies are not shown in these simplified drawings.

Although any mammal can produce milk, commercial dairy farms are typically one-species enterprises. In developed countries, dairy farms typically consist of high-producing dairy cows. Other species used in commercial dairy farming include goats, donkeys, sheep and camels.

There can be various types of mobile unit in the dairy farm, e.g., MMUs, feeders, coolers etc. The term MMU refers in the following to all types of movable machinery and module thereof in the dairy farm and not only for milking modules. It is further in the scope of the invention that at least one of the MMUs is movable on the upper road surface, and optionally at least one of the MMUs is movable on in upper rail; whereas the rail is either interconnected with the road or is being separated from the road. It is also in the scope of the invention that such a Feeding-MMU that is moving on the road surface or on an upper rail is capable, via a predefined mechanism, to download food to each cow.

Reference is made again to <FIG>, presenting two MMUs. MMU <NUM> is parking above opening <NUM>(n+<NUM>), i.e., above stall (n+<NUM>), facing front side, along the Y axis. MMU <NUM> above stall (n-<NUM>) is directed sideward (parallel the X axis) on the rear portion, i.e., lane 2R, of the road surface (<NUM>), that is schematically projected here as a flat driving platform, yet may acquire various shapes and dimensions.

MMU transportation can be provided by any suitable mechanism, e.g., by having a set of two or four wheels or bearings, see for example left and front wheel 10a in MMU <NUM>, <FIG>. MMUs are autonomous vehicles, semi-autonomous vehicles (e.g., movable along Z axis, yet not movable along X or Y axes etc.; or passive (static) platforms that are towed, dragged or carried by, or otherwise interconnected or anchored to a taxi or other MMU for their movement. In very general terms, portable MMUs are movable along a combination of X and Y directions, and can also rotate around (cycle or spin around) their Z axis. In some embodiments, at least one MMU can rotate about an axis selected from a group consisting of the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis and any combination thereof.

The heretofore disclosed arrangement of two parallel upper lanes 2R and 2F, is configured to allow a first MMU to easily get around or bypass a second MMU. Reference hence is now made to <FIG> showing two concurrent movements of MMU <NUM> and MMU <NUM>. MMU <NUM> moves along the 2R lane from (n-<NUM>) to (n), parallel to the X axis. At the same time, MMU <NUM> moves in a sequence of three steps: (i) moving from its parking zone at the docking station at (n+<NUM>), along the Y axis, to the 2R lane; (ii) moving to the (n+<NUM>) location at lane 2R; and then (iii); rotating (arrow 21RZ) along the Z axis at the same place to face again the Y axis.

Reference is now made to <FIG> showing the continuation of the concurrent independent movement of MMU <NUM> and MMU <NUM>. MMU <NUM> now rotates around the Z axis (arrow 30RZ). In a subsequent movement step, as shown in <FIG>, MMU <NUM> moves Y-wards (arrow 41X) from the rear lane (2R) to the adjacent front lane (2F). Subsequently, as shown in <FIG>, MMU <NUM> now rotates around the Z axis to face the X-axis (arrow 50RZ). Reference is now made to <FIG>; moving along the 2F lane along the X-axis from (n) to (n+<NUM>), MMU <NUM> passes (10X) MMU <NUM> that still located at lane 2R/(n+<NUM>). Docking station at stall (n+<NUM>) is free, and its opening <NUM>(n+<NUM>) is ready to accept MMU <NUM>. In a last step, depicted in <FIG>, MMU <NUM> travels along the Y axis to its docking station above opening <NUM>(n+<NUM>). The cow in stall (n+<NUM>), with its head (<NUM>) facing its feed (<NUM>), is ready to be milked by MMU <NUM> or otherwise treated; whilst MMU <NUM> autonomously leaves the location.

Reference is now made to <FIG>, schematically illustrating a side view of stall (n+<NUM>). MMU <NUM> docks above opening <NUM>(n+<NUM>). The opening itself is not shown in this view. MMU <NUM> comprises or is in connection with a vertical transport mechanism (VTM, see 4a-c in <FIG>. From MMU <NUM>, a milking module (LMMU, <NUM>) is lowered by utilizing vertical rail(s) (<NUM>) or an equivalent thereof, e.g., pneumatic or hydraulic arm(s). At such time as LMMU <NUM> is in its lower position, an extender <NUM>, movable by horizontal rail(s) (<NUM>) or an equivalent thereof, e.g., pneumatic or hydraulic arm(s) approaches the tail (rear) side of the cow (1T). In further step(s), not shown here, another module comprising a plurality of milking units approaches a cow's teats, e.g., by advancing between the cow's rear legs, is milked, the LMMU (<NUM>) returns to a position behind the cow and is raised to its upper position, above the cow. This reversible sequence of steps is provided whilst (i) MMU <NUM> is recharged at the docking station; (ii) MMU <NUM> leaves the place; and (iii) the cow is concurrently milked/treated and fed from feed's platform <NUM>.

Reference is now made to <FIG>, schematically illustrates a combination of an elevated rails system, here front rails 101F and rear rails 101R, where those rails may connect in one or more junctions 101J. On this hybrid elevated transportation road <NUM>, two types of movable platforms are concurrently advancing along any combination of the X and Y axes and any rotation thereof: car-like as depicted in MMU <NUM>, and train/trem-like modules as schematically depicted in modules <NUM> and <NUM>. <FIG> also illustrates an optional milking system 4a-4c, comprising e.g., a vertical transport mechanism 4C movable, e.g., on a vertical rail 4a, and connected to a horizontal transfer module 4b, which is configured to reciprocate a milking module comprising a set of teat-suction cups towards the cow teats (1t). As said before, the movement of the milking unit is utilizable from a direction behind the cow, aside the cow, or from any other direction.

The following examples described in <FIG> are present for illustration purposes only.

Reference is now made to <FIG>, schematically illustrating an FDR comprising a plurality of stalls (<NUM>-<NUM>) and an MFU (<NUM>) movable along a front elevated rail system (31F) to feed a diary animal (<NUM>) when milked in its stall (<NUM>). In this arrangement, both a front rail system (FER, 30F) and a rear elevated rail (RER) are provided in parallel, perpendicular to the stall lines. A Cow (<NUM>) freely entered into a stall (<NUM>) to be milked, passing from the rear portion (<NUM>) of the stalls and elevated rails systems, via a rear stall gate 10R, to milked by an MMU (<NUM>) attached to a taxi module (<NUM>) movable in directions (<NUM>) on (or otherwise below or to the side of) RER (30R). In this example, an autonomously actuated taxi module <NUM> is currently attached to an MMU (<NUM>) which is located above the rear portion of the stall (<NUM>). After the MMU (<NUM>) introduces the cow (<NUM>) milking system to the rear portion of the cow within the stall (<NUM>), the MMU (<NUM>) or an interconnectable module, e.g., an autonomous movable taxi unit (<NUM>), is reversibly separable from the milking system and is ready for further tasks, e.g., to transfer other milking systems to other cows in neighboring stalls, to deliver a movable intermediate milk container (not shown here) to accept milk from other stalls in the line or unload the milk to a milk emptying facility along the line.

It should be noted that the taxi that delivers a mobile unit, in the exemplary case of <FIG>B, an MMU, to a stall need not be the same as the taxi that transfers the mobile unit to another stall, and, similarly, a taxi that delivers a milking system to a cow need not be the taxi that collects the milking system from the cow and delivers it to another cow.

In some examples, modules such as an MMU, an MFU, an MTU and an MCC are mobile units, autonomously movable along at least one FER, at least one RER and any combination thereof. In some examples, the modules are passive units, configured to be reversibly and temporarily attachable to a moving mechanism such as a taxi (<NUM>), with the taxi with attached module being movable along at least one FER and/or at least one RER. A taxi on a rear rail can be configured to move a mobile unit along at least one FER, a mobile unit along at least one RER and any combination thereof; and, similarly, a taxi on an FER can be configured to move a mobile unit along at least one FER, a mobile unit along at least one RER and any combination thereof.

The FER (30F) comprises here two parallel rails (<NUM> and <NUM>), and the RER (30R) comprises two parallel rails (<NUM> and <NUM>). It is well within the scope of invention where each of the elevated rail systems comprises, in at least a portion of the line, one rail, two rails, and even three, four or more rails. Some of the rails disclosed in the invention are configured to be concurrently used by FER, RER or both, see e.g., middle and mutual rail (<NUM>-<NUM>) having two sides: a front side (<NUM>) and rear side (<NUM>). In this illustration, the RER and the FER are provided in parallel, yet other arrangements are possible, for example, a standalone (namely only one type of rail) or in combination with other types of rail, including a mutual middle rail where an RER is provided on the rear side of one or more rails with an FER provided on the front side of those rails. Similarly, an upper portion of the rail(s) serves mobile units of the front side (<NUM>) of the stalls and a lower portion of the rail(s) concurrently serves mobile units of the rear side (<NUM>) of same stalls, and vice versa.

Referring again to <FIG>, whilst the cow (<NUM>) in a stall (<NUM>) is milked by an MMU (<NUM>), a feeder (<NUM>) feeds the cow. In very general terms, the MFU (<NUM>) comprises a top portion (<NUM>) adapted to accept either a metered-dose batch food portion or a continuous flow of the same, and, in some examples, to process it, e.g., by grinding or milling it to a smooth food serving, wetting it, admixing various feed ingredients, measure its quantity, etc. The food portion is then administered in front of the milked cow (<NUM>) e.g., by means of a hose (<NUM>). A cultivating unit, a food gathering unit, a measurement module such as a camera (thermal or optic), a sensor and any combination thereof can be affixed on, in, or in connection with the front hose (<NUM>). The front hose can direct the feed to a front eating zone (<NUM>). The hose member can be configured, according to various examples of the invention, still in a non-limiting manner, for being activated as a feed pusher, feed remixer, and feed compressor/spreader.

Reference is now made to <FIG>, presenting the same, where an MFU (<NUM>) has been moved sideward (<NUM>) on an FER (30F) from one stall (<NUM>) to a second stall (<NUM>), e.g., to feed a neighboring cow. The MMU on the RER is independently movable; here its current location remains above the first stall (<NUM>), as the MMU is still robotically milking the first cow (<NUM>).

Reference is now made to <FIG>, schematically illustrating a synergistic FDR of the present invention, comprising a plurality of stalls (<NUM>-<NUM>) and a mobile milk-transferring unit (MTU, <NUM>), movable along the front elevated rail system (31F) to temporarily accommodate milk milked by an MMU mobile along a rear elevated rail system, and to transfer the milk to a terminal milk container (not shown here). MTU is movable along the FER (31F) whilst the taxi (<NUM>) and MMU (<NUM>) are movable along the RER (31R).

In some examples, an MTU is communicable with an MMU by means of a fluid connection tubing line. When connected, milk from the MMU flows via the tubing line. After loading at least portion of the milk, the connection between the two modules is ended and the MTU is free to move to other sites along an FER. In some examples, the MTU has direct communication with an MMU. In other examples, an MTU milk tubing line is indirectly connected to an MMU via a taxi. Can be connected for transferring the milk and disconnected thereafter.

It is in the scope of the invention where an MTU has a self-contained milk cooling system or otherwise is in connection with other cooling systems, e.g., a cooling system incorporated along an FER. An MTU can further comprise another supporting system, such as a heating capability (e.g., pasteurizing or decontaminating facilities), a milk-diagnosing and analyzing means, a container-cleansing system, etc. and any combination thereof.

Reference is now made to <FIG>, presenting the same, where the MTU (<NUM>) is detached from a taxi/MMU, and has been moved from one stall (<NUM>) to another stall (<NUM>) along an FER (30F) in a direction (<NUM>), e.g., to be ready for inflow of new milk or to unload its milk into a terminal milk container (not shown).

Dairy cows generate heat. As an example, a cow providing <NUM> of milk per day generates about <NUM> KJ (<NUM>,<NUM> BTU per hour) twice as much heat as a cow producing only <NUM> of milk per day (<NUM> KJ, i.e. <NUM>,<NUM> BTU/h) and <NUM> times the <NUM> KJ (<NUM> BTU/h) a human produce at rest. While cows are quite cold tolerant, they are heat stressed at a temperature that most humans find comfortable; their thermoneutral zone is in the range of about <NUM>° C to about <NUM>° C.

It is preferable, when designing a comfortable thermal environment for dairy cattle, that it functions independent of human intervention. Reference is thus now made to <FIG>, schematically illustrating an FDR comprising a plurality of stalls (<NUM>-<NUM>) and a mobile cooling unit (MCU, <NUM>), movable along the front elevated rail system (31F) to cool the stall where the cow is milked during milking. <FIG> shows the same, except that the MCU (<NUM>) has been moved, either autonomously or by a taxi, to another stall after chilling the milked cow (<NUM>) in the first stall (<NUM>).

The term 'cooling' refers to cooling, chilling, heat exchanging, thermal regulating, air conditioning, ventilating, increasing humidity (& relative humidity), heat absorbing etc..

The system will typically comprise fewer taxi units than MMUs, MCUs, MFUs, MTUs, MCCs, stall cleaning units, animal cleaning units and other units. However, in some embodiments, there are as many or more taxi units as MMUs, MCUs, MFUs, MTUs, MCCs, stall cleaning units, animal cleaning units and other units.

A system can comprise any combination of MMUs, MCUs, MFUs, MTUs, MCCs, stall cleaning units, animal cleaning units and other units. For non-limiting examples, a system can comprise mobile MMUs only, while another exemplary unit comprises only taxis and passive MMUs, with another comprising taxis, mobile MMUs, passive MMUs, as well as MFUs and MTUs.

The integration of the modules (FER, RER, the mobile units, and the taxis, if present) with an intelligent and adaptive AI system to perform all operations (including feeding) before, during and after milking, can be configured to optimize the flow of cows into the system, both on the level of the treatment of an individual cow and on the level of the flow of cows through a cow stall area such as, for example, a milking parlor. All to achieve optimal visits of the cows to the stall and maximum utilized time of the cows staying in the stalls: for feeding and milking and maximum milking capacity of the system.

The system is adaptive, being configured to learn, so that treatment of each cow can be adapted to the condition of the cow, if and when such condition changes. The system can prepare each cow that is supposed to be milked during its visit to a manger, while taking advantage of the order of appearance of the cows and the maximum time needed to prepare the cow for milking, milk her and provide after-milking care and treatment. In this way, the cow's convenience and her well-being can be maximized during her time in a milking stall (during feeding and milking), resulting in more milk, higher quality milk and greater cow health. In addition, a cow will want to enter a feeding/milking stall, where she will benefit from environmental conditions and services individually configurable for her comfort and convenience.

The synergistic combination of FER and RER is hereto discussed and a few examples are provided:.

In a first example, one or more mobile milking units are mobilized along one or more RERs to milk cows, at time intervals correlated with the time when cows freely enter any of the stalls or standing within the stalls for feeding. Concurrently, one or more mobile feeding units are mobilized along one or more FERs towards these one or more stalls. Still at the same time, simultaneously, same or other FER(s) are carrying one or more mobile feeding units, one or more mobile milk transfer units, one or more mobile cooling units and/or other mobile units with different services as listed above.

In a second example, one or more mobile feeding units are mobilized along FER to feed cows with an additional food, and thereby completing defined (e.g., personalized per cow) nutrition, in accordance with cows specific and condition-related feed scheme. Such a personalized feed mechanism synergistically shortening cows' preparation time, increasing the effectivity of attracting the cows to enter the stalls, and improved health of the entire herd by that each cow is milked upon its individual (personalized-) milking-interval.

In a third example, one or more mobile milking units are concurrently mobilized along FER for cooling cows in their stalls before and during milking. Such a personalized and accurately timed cooling in each of the stalls along time ensures a convenient and effective micro-climate in stall, and hence significantly increases both (a) yields of milking and (b) quality life of the cow.

In a fourth example, one or more mobile milk transfer units on one or more FERs are emptying one or more mobile milking units on one or more RERs at a timed procedure, namely immediately after cows are milked. Shortly after that, the mobile milk transfer units carry the milk, along the FERs, to one or more milk collecting points. Hence, the hereto emptied mobile milking units are allowed to continue milking other cows so that milking capacity of the farm increase.

In a fifth example, any given mobile service units running along FER in a timed manner, provides a synergistic increase in both agrotechnical parameters (e.g., higher milk yield, better milk quality) and cow's wealth, when combined with the concurrent operation of other mobile service units running along RER.

While this invention has been described fully and completely with special emphasis upon a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.

Another aspect of the invention is a dairy farm with an elevated road for free transport of mobile units and methods thereof.

In some embodiments of the invention, the milking module and/or sub-modules thereof actuate from the rear portion of the dairy animal (tail side, e.g., between the rear legs) towards the teats.

In other embodiments of the invention, the milking module and/or sub-modules thereof actuate from at least one side of the dairy animal (tail side, <NUM> o'clock, e.g., between the front and rear left/right legs) towards the teats. The term "side of the dairy animal" refers to a location being lateral to the dairy animal's main longitudinal axis, and includes one or more of the following: (i) rear-and-side (e.g., advancing angles being about <NUM> or about <NUM> o'clock, when the tail and head are about <NUM> and <NUM> o'clock, respectively); (ii) side, namely adjacent and to the side of the teats at a height lower than the teats, adjacent and to the side of the teats and about the height of the teats, adjacent and to the side of the teats and higher than the teats etc.; at about <NUM> and <NUM> o'clock; and side and front, namely at about <NUM> and about <NUM> o'clock.

In another embodiment of the invention, the milking module and/or sub-modules thereof actuate from below the dairy animal and/or from above the dairy animal.

In another embodiment of the invention, the milking module and/or sub-modules thereof actuate from a combination of at least one (lateral-) side of the dairy animal, from the rear side, front side, below, above and any combination and orientation thereof.

Although the present invention was primarily designed for milking cows in its stall, it may be used with other types of stations and objects, and in other fields, as apparent to a person skilled in the art. For this reason, expressions such as "cow", "free dome range (FDR, see e.g., <CIT>)", etc., used herein should not be taken as to limit the scope of the present invention which could further include e.g., active drying process during lactation, cow body scoring, measuring milk yield etc. The term "cow" generally refers here to any animal of relevance, such as horse or pig; and it is specifically referring to a dairy animal, such as cow, and cattle as sheep and goat.

The term "dried cow" refers here to a cow being conditioned for the next lactation. According to an embodiment of the invention, the term refers to such conditioned cow at certain time periods, e.g., the last <NUM> days before calving. According to an embodiment of the invention, the term refers to such conditioned cow, wherein the free access of the cow to its feed is at least temporarily and at least partially blocked or otherwise limited; and wherein the measure of such blocking or limiting is controllable. Hence for example, along the first period of such drying of the cow the limiting is relatively small, whereas the measure of such limiting along the final period is bigger, namely cow's access is increasingly limited along time.

Furthermore, in the context of the present description, it will be considered that expressions such as "connected" and "connectable", or "mounted" and "mountable", may be interchangeable, in that the present invention also relates to a kit with corresponding components for assembling a resulting fully assembled rotary milking station.

In addition, although the preferred embodiment of the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings may comprise various components, and although the preferred embodiment of the milking station as shown consists of certain geometrical configurations as explained and illustrated herein, not all of these components and geometries are essential to the invention and thus should not be taken in their restrictive sense, i.e. should not be taken as to limit the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood, as also apparent to a person skilled in the art, that other suitable components and cooperation therein between, as well as other suitable geometrical configurations may be used for the milking station and corresponding components.

Broadly described, the present invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, relates to a milking station to be used for milking cows and the like, as is well known in the art. The present milking station may be used for milking various other types of animals. The present milking station is preferably of simple design and inexpensive to manufacture. As will be shown hereinbelow, the present milking station possesses several advantages when compared to conventional milking stations known in the art.

Moreover, and as can be easily understood by a person skilled in the art, in view of the accompanying drawings, the milking station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is intended to be used as a working station for treating, or "milking" animals, typically milking cows, such as is known in the field of dairy farms and the like.

Claim 1:
A dairy farm comprising
(a) an array of n stalls (n-<NUM>, n, n+<NUM>, n+<NUM>) side-by-side on a dairy animal level; each of said stalls is configured by means of size and shape to accommodate a dairy animal (<NUM>), and having a main longitudinal axis Y, a front side facing the animal's head (<NUM>) and an opposite rear side facing the animal's tail (1t) along said Y axis; (b) a common elevated road surface (<NUM>) provided on a higher level, above said stalls; said road surface extends along an axis X which is substantially perpendicular to said axis Y, and (c) at least one mobile unit, including at least one mobile milking unit (MMU, <NUM>), configured to move freely or to be freely moved on said elevated road surface (<NUM>) along said X axis, along said Y axis, in a rotation about the X axis, in a rotation about the Y axis, and in a rotation about the Z axis.