Patent Description:
<CIT> discloses a UE that may generate a preamble by generating a first sequence and generating at least one second sequence. The UE may concatenate the first sequence and the at least one second sequence to form the preamble. The UE may then send the preamble (including the first sequence concatenated with the at least one second sequence) to the base station by multiplexing the first sequence and the at least one second sequence. The UE may time-division multiplex, frequency-division multiplex, and/or space-division multiplex the first sequence and the at least one second sequence to differentiate the sequences when received by the base station.

The base stations <NUM> / UEs <NUM> may use spectrum up to YMHz (e.g., <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction.

The base station may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a transmission-reception point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology.

Referring again to <FIG>, in certain aspects, the UE <NUM> may include a full duplex (FD) random access channel (RACH) determination component 198a configured to receive, from at least one of a first base station or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a downlink DL beam; and transmit at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while receiving DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the UE or the at least one of the first base station or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. In certain aspects, the base station <NUM> may include a FD RACH configuration component 199a configured to transmit, to at least one of a first UE or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam; and receiving at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while transmitting DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the base station or the at least one of the first UE or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. In certain aspects, the UE <NUM> may include a mixed mode implementation component 198b configured to transmit a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission; determine to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a threshold time delay measured from the transmission of the RACH preamble; and retransmit the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or spatial division multiplexing (SDM). In certain aspects, the base station <NUM> may include a mixed mode retransmission component 199b configured to receive a transmission of a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission; and receive a retransmission of the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM.

The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. For slot configuration <NUM>, different numerologies µ <NUM> to <NUM> allow for <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> slots, respectively, per subframe. <FIG> provide an example of slot configuration <NUM> with <NUM> symbols per slot and numerology µ=<NUM> with <NUM> slots per subframe. The slot duration is <NUM>, the subcarrier spacing is <NUM>, and the symbol duration is approximately <NUM>. Within a set of frames, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) (see <FIG>) that are frequency division multiplexed. Each BWP may have a particular numerology.

The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM> CCEs), each CCE including six RE groups (REGs), each REG including <NUM> consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB. A PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). A UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and/or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB)).

The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) information (ACK / negative ACK (NACK)) feedback.

Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna <NUM> via a separate transmitter <NUM> TX. Each transmitter <NUM> TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

At the UE <NUM>, each receiver <NUM> RX receives a signal through its respective antenna <NUM>. Each receiver <NUM> RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor <NUM>.

At least one of the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM> may be configured to perform aspects in connection with 198a and 198b of <FIG>.

At least one of the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM> may be configured to perform aspects in connection with 199a and 199b of <FIG>.

Wireless communication systems may be configured to share available system resources and provide various telecommunication services (e.g., telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, etc.) based on multiple-access technologies such as CDMA systems, TDMA systems, FDMA systems, OFDMA systems, SC-FDMA systems, TD-SCDMA systems, etc. that support communication with multiple users. In many cases, common protocols that facilitate communications with wireless devices are adopted in various telecommunication standards. For example, communication methods associated with eMBB, mMTC, and URLLC may be incorporated in the <NUM> NR telecommunication standard, while other aspects may be incorporated in the <NUM> LTE standard. As mobile broadband technologies are part of a continuous evolution, further improvements in mobile broadband remain useful to continue the progression of such technologies.

<FIG> is a call flow diagram <NUM> illustrating communications between one or more UEs <NUM>-<NUM> and one or more base stations <NUM>-<NUM>. At <NUM>, a first base station <NUM> may transmit a beam pair configuration to a first UE <NUM>. The beam pair configuration may be transmitted based on DCI, RRC signaling, or a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE).

The first UE <NUM> may transmit, at 408a or 408b, a RACH message to either the first base station <NUM> or the second base station <NUM>. The RACH message transmitted by the first UE <NUM> may be for a beam failure recovery (BFR) or a PDCCH order for a timing advance (TA) and may include a preamble/control portion and a payload portion. The RACH message transmitted, at 408a or 408b, may be transmitted concurrently with receiving, at <NUM>, DL information from the first base station <NUM>. Thus, the RACH message and the DL information may be FDMed or SDMed. The DL information may correspond to a SSB, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, etc..

The first base station <NUM> may receive, at 408a or 408c, a RACH message from either the first UE <NUM> or the second UE <NUM>. The RACH message received by the first base station <NUM> may be for a BFR or a PDCCH order for a TA and may include a preamble/control portion and a payload portion. The RACH message received, at 408a or 408c, may be received concurrently with transmitting, at <NUM>, the DL information to the first UE <NUM>. Thus, the RACH message and the DL information may be FDMed or SDMed. The DL information may correspond to a SSB, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, etc..

<FIG> is a call flow diagram <NUM> illustrating communications between a UE <NUM> and a base station <NUM>. At <NUM>, the base station <NUM> may transmit a preambleTransMax parameter to the UE <NUM> indicative of a maximum number of RACH preamble transmissions/retransmission by the UE <NUM>. At <NUM>, the UE <NUM> may determine modes of transmission and retransmission, such as TDM, FDM, and/or SDM, for an initial RACH preamble transmission and one or more RACH preamble retransmissions. The determined modes of transmission and retransmission, at <NUM>, may be based on specific UE implementations, signaling from the base station <NUM>, and/or a predefined protocol.

At <NUM>, the UE <NUM> may perform an initial transmission of the RACH preamble to the base station <NUM>. The initial transmission may be based on the TDM, FDM, and/or SDM. At <NUM>, the UE <NUM> may determine to retransmit the RACH preamble. For example, the network/base station <NUM> may provide a back-off indicator to the UE <NUM> associated with a time delay measured from the initial transmission, at <NUM>. The determination, at <NUM>, to retransmit the RACH preamble may be based on the time delay exceeding a threshold.

At <NUM>, the UE <NUM> may perform N RACH preamble retransmissions based on the TDM, FDM, and/or SDM. For example, the mode of transmission may be based on UE implementations for the initial transmission, at <NUM>, and each of the N retransmissions, at <NUM>. Alternatively, the UE <NUM> or the base station <NUM> may determine the mode of transmission for the initial transmission, at <NUM>, and the base station <NUM> may signal the mode of transmission for the N retransmissions, or a predefined protocol may be executed for the N retransmissions. In some aspects, retransmission <NUM> through retransmission N - <NUM> may be based on FDM and/or SDM and the Nth retransmission may be based on TDM.

<FIG> illustrate diagrams <NUM>-<NUM> for FD operations of a UE 604b-604c and a base station 602a-602b. FD operations may be based on simultaneous UL and DL transmissions at the UE 604b-604c and/or the base station 602a-602b. In some configurations, the simultaneous UL and DL transmissions may occur in frequency range <NUM> (FR2). However, in other configurations, the simultaneous UL and DL transmissions may occur at a lower frequency, such as frequency range <NUM> (FR1) or another lower frequency, or the simultaneous UL and DL transmissions may occur at a higher frequency, such as frequency range <NUM> (FR4). Either or both of the UE 604a-604c and the base station 602a-602c may be configured with FD capabilities. For example, in the diagram <NUM>, a base station 602a may transmit to UE1 604a while receiving from UE2 <NUM> or, in the diagram <NUM>, a UE 604c may receive from a first base station 602c/first transmission-reception point (TRP1) while transmitting to a second base station <NUM>/second transmission-reception point (TRP2), where TRP1 and TRP2 may be associated with a same serving cell. In another example associated with the diagram <NUM>, a UE 604b and a base station 602b/TRP may transmit and receive from each other at a same time.

An UL signal may be associated with a first panel of the UE 604b-604c and the base station 602a-602b and a DL signal may be associated with a second panel of the UE 604b-604c and the base station 602a-602b. For example, the UE 604b-604c may include two separate panels, such as a panel for UL transmissions at a first side of the UE 604b-604c and a panel for DL transmissions at a second side of the UE 604b-604c. Each panel may receive independent digital radio frequency (RF) chains for forming a beam of the panel. Based on the independent RF chains, the separate panels may form separate beams for simultaneously transmitting and receiving at the UE 604b-604c at the same time. In aspects, forming the separate beams at the same time may be conditioned upon beam separation and/or other parameters. If the UE 604b-604c is transmitting to the base station 602b/<NUM> via a transmission panel, but the signal strength of the transmission causes leakage to a receiving panel, self-interference from the UL to the DL may occur at the UE 604b-604c. If the self-interference is too large, a DL transmission failure may occur and the FD operation may not be properly performed by the UE 604b-604c. Self-interference caused by leakage from the DL to the UL may similarly occur at the base station 602a, which may result in an UL transmission failure at the base station 602a. By implementing beam separation techniques and/or beam selection techniques for one or more beam pair candidates associated with reduced self-interference (e.g., based on measurement values), the self-interference may be sufficiently reduced for performing the FD operation.

FD operations may provide a latency reduction since the UE 604b-604c and the base station 602a-602b may not have to wait for specific UL and DL slots/symbols to perform a corresponding transmission. For example, the UE 604b-604c may receive a DL signal in an UL slot/symbol or the base station 602a-602b may receive an UL signal in a DL slot/symbol to provide the latency reduction. Thus, spectral efficiency may be increased per cell and per UE since transmissions and receptions may occur at the same time and/or at a same frequency band. For subband FD transmissions, the UL and DL signals transmitted at the same time may correspond to different frequency bands (e.g., separated by a guard band), partially overlapped frequency bands, or fully overlapped frequency bands. The FD operation may be performed with reduced self-interference/leakage such that a more efficient utilization of resources and a higher data rate is provided.

A RACH procedure may be performed in association with a FD mode (e.g., based on FDM and/or SDM) or a half-duplex (HD) mode (e.g., based on TDM). In configurations that are based on a HD RACH, a RACH message transmission such as a message (Msg) <NUM> (e.g., preamble) or a Msg <NUM> (e.g., UL payload) in a four-step RACH procedure or a Msg A (e.g., preamble and UL payload) in a two-step RACH procedure may not overlap in time with a DL transmission, where the DL transmission may be a SSB, a PDCCH, a PDSCH or a CSI-RS. A RACH message reception such as a Msg <NUM> (e.g., control information) or a Msg <NUM> (e.g., DL payload) in a four-step RACH procedure or a Msg B (e.g., control information and DL payload) in a two-step RACH procedure may not overlap in time with an UL transmission, where the UL transmission may be a PUCCH, a PUSCH or a SRS. For example, the RACH procedure may be TDMed based on the HD mode, where a RACH preamble or another RACH message may be transmitted at one time, such that the RACH procedure may not overlap in time with a SSB, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, a CSI-RS, etc., of the DL transmission. Thus, when a RACH preamble is transmitted to the base station, no transmissions may be received in the DL, as the transmissions may be per direction and per time.

For FD mode, a RACH message may overlap in time with a DL transmission, such as the SSB, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, etc., to increase system efficiencies and reduce latency. For example, a SSB associated with a fixed resource allocation may overlap in time with a pre-allocation for a RACH message. Types of FD RACHs may include a FDMed RACH, a SDMed RACH, or a combination of the FDMed RACH and the SDMed RACH. The FDMed RACH, which may be associated with an UL transmission, may share the same time resources as a DL transmission but may correspond to different frequency resources (e.g., separated by a guard band) or partially different frequency resources than the DL transmission. For example, the DL transmission may utilize frequency bands <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> and the UL transmission for the RACH may utilize frequency bands <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>. The SDMed RACH, which may likewise be associated with an UL transmission, may share the same time and frequency resources as the DL transmission. Thus, the UL transmission and the DL transmission may be overlapped in time and frequency and may rely on a spatial dimension to separate the transmissions. Such separation may be based on physical separation and/or directions of the UL and DL beams. Both the FDMed RACH and the SDMed RACH may be associated with FD operations since DL transmissions may be received by the UE 604b-604c and/or transmitted by the base station 602a-602b simultaneously the RACH message.

For both types of FD RACH, the UE 604b-604c and/or the base station 602a-602b may be in a FD mode. For example, if the UE 604c is in the FD mode, the UE 604c may be connected to the first base station 602c/TRP1 for receiving DL transmissions, such as the SSB, PDCCH, PDSCH, or CSI-RS, while performing a RACH procedure with the second base station <NUM>/TRP2. The RACH procedure may be for an initial access, a BFR, or a PDCCH order for a TA. The base station 602a-602c may configure the beam pair that is used for simultaneously transmitting to and receiving from the TRPs. For example, if the UE 604c uses beam <NUM> for receiving a DL transmission from the first base station 602c/TRP1 via the receiving panel, self-interference may prevent the UE 604c from transmitting beam <NUM> at the same time via the transmission panel. Thus, the FD RACH may be conditioned on beam separation and the first base station 602c/TRP1 may configure beam <NUM> for an UL transmission to the second base station <NUM>/TRP2, such that beam <NUM> matches or pairs with beam <NUM> of the DL transmission from first base station 602c/TRP1 for simultaneously performing the RACH with the second base station <NUM>/TRP2.

If the base station 602a-602b is in the FD mode, the base station 602a-602b may transmit a SSB to the UE 604a-604b at the same time base station 602a-602b is receiving a RACH message from the UE 604b/<NUM>. Thus, the base station 602a-602b may be transmitting the SSB while the base station 602a-602b is simultaneously receiving the RACH for the same SSB. The base station 602a-602b may configure the beam pair used for simultaneously transmitting the SSB and receiving the RACH. The Tx beam and the Rx beam may be paired based on the configuration. The base station 602a-602b may configure the beam pair via DCI, RRC signaling, or a MAC-CE. In aspects, the FD RACH may be associated with a different UE <NUM> than the UE 604a to which the base station 602a is transmitting the SSB.

If the base station 602a-602b is in the FD mode and the RACH message overlaps with a PDSCH transmission, the base station 602a-602b may configure a PDSCH beam to be transmitted simultaneously with reception of the beam for the RACH message. The configuration may be adjusted or signaled to provide the PDSCH beam on DL that may be paired with the RACH beam on UL. The configuration of the beam pair by the base station 602a-602b may enable the FD RACH procedure.

If the base station 602a-602b is in the FD mode and the RACH message (e.g., RACH preamble and/or RACH payload) overlaps with a CSI-RS transmission, the base station 602a-602b may configure a periodic CSI-RS beam or an aperiodic CSI-RS beam. The CSI-RS beam on DL associated with the CSI-RS resource configuration may be paired with the RACH beam on UL for simultaneously transmitting the CSI-RS beam with reception of the RACH beam. The base station 602a-602b may configure the beam pair via DCI, RRC signaling, or a MAC-CE, where the configuration may be associated with an adjustment of the CSI-RS beam.

The beam pair configuration may be used for a two-step RACH procedure (e.g., based on a message (Msg) A or a Msg B) or a four-step RACH procedure (e.g., based on a Msg <NUM>, a Msg <NUM>, a Msg <NUM>, or a Msg <NUM>). The two-step RACH procedure may be based on a preamble portion and a payload portion of the Msg A or a control portion and a payload portion of the Msg B. The Msg A may be associated with an UL signal, whereas the Msg B may be associated with a DL signal. For the Msg A, the preamble portion may correspond to the Msg <NUM> and the payload portion may correspond to the Msg <NUM>. For the Msg B, the control portion may correspond to the Msg <NUM> and the payload portion may correspond to the Msg <NUM>. That is, the Msg <NUM> and the Msg <NUM> may be associated with an UL signal and the Msg <NUM> and the Msg <NUM> may be associated with a DL signal. The four-step RACH procedure may be based on a combination of the Msg <NUM>, the Msg <NUM>, the Msg <NUM>, and the Msg <NUM>.

While some aspects described herein for exemplary purposes may be associated with Msg <NUM>, such aspects may additionally or alternatively be associated with Msg <NUM>. Further, the aspects described herein may be associated with Msg <NUM> and/or Msg <NUM>. For example, Msg <NUM> and/or Msg <NUM> may overlap in time with an UL signal such as a PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, etc., and may be FDMed or SDMed. While other aspects described herein for exemplary purposes may be associated with Msg A, such aspects may additionally or alternatively be associated with Msg B. For example, Msg B may overlap in time with an UL signal such as a PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, etc., and may be FDMed or SDMed.

<FIG> illustrate diagrams <NUM>-<NUM> for preamble/control portions of a RACH message and payload portions of the RACH message that are transmitted/retransmitted in FD and HD modes. In a first example for the two-step RACH procedure, the base station 702a of the diagram <NUM> may configure the FD RACH procedure for the preamble/control portion of the message, which may be based on a decreased signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and the base station 702a may configure the HD RACH procedure for the payload portion of the message, which may be based on an increased SINR (e.g., for decoding operations). That is, in configurations associated with transmission of the RACH preamble, the UL signal may be based on Msg A, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>. In configurations associated with transmission of control information, the DL signal may be based on Msg B, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>. Decreased SINR may be used for FD operations since self-interference may occur via transmissions of the opposite direction. Thus, the SINR may be decreased for transmission of the preamble/control portion of the message. If the HD RACH procedure is used for transmission of the payload portion of the message, the SINR may be increased.

In a second example for the two-step RACH procedure, the base station 702b of the diagram <NUM> may configure the HD RACH procedure for the preamble/control portion of the message and the base station 702b may configure the FD RACH procedure for the payload portion of the message. That is, the configuration of the diagram <NUM> may be a reverse of the configuration of the diagram <NUM>. If the FD RACH procedure is configured for the payload portion of the message, then the configuration of the corresponding beam pair may apply to just the payload portion of the message (e.g., the FD RACH configured portion of the message) and the preamble/control portion of the message (e.g., the HD RACH configured portion of the message) may not need to be paired. In configurations associated with transmission of the RACH preamble, the UL signal may be based on Msg A, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>. In configurations associated with transmission of control information, the DL signal may be based on Msg B, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>.

In a third example for the two-step RACH procedure, the base station 702c of the diagram <NUM> may configure the FD RACH procedure for both the preamble/control portion of the message and the payload portion of the message. That is, for transmission of the RACH preamble, the UL signal may be based on Msg A, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>, and for transmission of control information, the DL signal may be based on Msg B, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>.

In a fourth example of the two-step RACH procedure, the base station 702d of the diagram <NUM> may configure the HD RACH procedure for both the preamble/control portion of the message and the payload portion of the message. In configurations associated with transmission of the RACH preamble, the UL signal may be based on Msg A, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>. In configurations associated with transmission of control information, the DL signal may be based on Msg B, which may correspond to Msg <NUM> and Msg <NUM>. Accordingly, each of the preamble/control portion of the message and the payload portion of the message in the diagrams <NUM>-<NUM> may be associated with either the FD RACH procedure or the HD RACH procedure.

A RACH procedure may be based on different modes of transmission including FDM or SDM for FD RACH procedures or TDM for HD RACH procedures. Further, RACH transmissions may be pre-allocated at certain slots or symbols (e.g., corresponding to a beam for a particular SSB). A maximum number of retransmissions for a RACH preamble may correspond to a preambleTransMax parameter. The preambleTransMax parameter may be configured based on N retransmissions via RRC signaling from the base station 702a-702d to the UE 704a-704d. The UE 704a-704d may determine to retransmit the RACH preamble based on an indication (e.g., back-off indicator) received from the network/base station 702a-702d of a threshold time delay between a previous transmission/retransmission and a next transmission/retransmission.

Mixed mode RACH retransmission for FD operations may be based on a predefined protocol and/or signaling from the base station 702a-702d. In a first example of mixed mode RACH retransmission, the mode of transmission (e.g., TDM, FDM, or SDM) for all preamble transmissions may be determined based on UE-specific implementations. For example, the UE 704a/704c may determine to perform an initial transmission of the RACH preamble based on a SDM mode of transmission and a retransmission of the RACH preamble based on a FDM or a TDM mode of transmission. In aspects, the initial transmission and all N preamble retransmission modes may be determined by the UE 702a-702d. For instance, the UE 702a-702d may determine to use a mode of transmission for the RACH preamble based on the mode of transmission that corresponds to a latest arriving RACH occasion symbol for transmitting the RACH preamble. If the latest arriving RACH occasion symbol corresponds to a FDM mode of transmission, the UE 704a/704c may transmit the RACH preamble based on the FDM mode of transmission. If the UE 704c/704d determines to perform a retransmission of the RACH preamble and the latest arriving RACH occasion unfilled symbol corresponds to a TDM mode of transmission, the UE 704c/704d may retransmit the RACH preamble based on the TDM mode of transmission.

In a second example of mixed mode RACH retransmission, a first mode of transmission for the RACH preamble may be determined by the UE 704a-704d and subsequent transmissions (e.g., retransmissions) of the RACH preamble may be determined based on an indication/signaling from the base station 702a-702d or based on a predefined protocol. For example, the UE 704a-704d may determine to use a latest RACH occasion mode of transmission for an initial transmission of the RACH preamble, which may be based on any of TDM, FDM, or SDM, and for transmissions <NUM> through N, or alternatively transmissions <NUM> through N-<NUM> (e.g., the retransmissions of the RACH preamble), the base station 702a-702d or the predefined protocol may indicate that a different one of the TDM, the FDM, or the SDM is to be used as the mode of transmission. If the mode of the initial transmission determined by the UE 704a-704d corresponds to a failed transmission, the mode of transmission indicated via the base station 702a-702c or the predefined protocol for the retransmission may be a more reliable mode of transmission than the mode of transmission determined by the UE 704a-704d. For example, if the initial transmission is based on SDM, increased interference caused by a lack of separation in time and frequency may cause the failure. Thus, the base station 702a-702b or the predefined protocol may indicate that the UE 704a-704b should utilize FDM for the retransmission to provide a separation in frequency. If the transmission is again determined to fail, the Nth transmission (e.g., final retransmission) of the RACH preamble by UE 704c/704d may be based on TDM, as HD RACH procedures may not be associated with self-interference. The indication of the Nth transmission to be based on TDM may be determined by the UE 704c/704d via signaling from the base station 702c/702d or the predefined protocol.

In a third example of mixed mode RACH retransmission, the modes of transmission for the initial RACH preamble transmission and all N RACH preamble retransmissions may be based on an indication from the base station 702a-702d or the predefined protocol. The modes of transmission for the N RACH preamble retransmissions may correspond to any of TDM, FDM, or SDM. In aspects, the base station 702d may determine that the UE 704d is a higher priority UE and that all transmissions/retransmissions are to be based on TDM. In cases where the UE 704a is a lower priority UE and does not have a high priority rule applied thereto, the base station 702a may indicate that the UE 704a is to perform the FD RACH based on FDM or SDM. A UE that has a low self-interference may perform a RACH procedure based on SDM. Accordingly, the RACH preamble may be transmitted/retransmitted from the UE 704a-704d to the base station 702a-702d based on any of the mixed mode RACH configurations of the diagrams <NUM>-<NUM>.

<FIG> is a flowchart <NUM> of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., the UE <NUM>, <NUM>, 604b-604c, 704a-704d; the apparatus <NUM>; etc.), which may include the memory <NUM> and which may be the entire UE <NUM>, <NUM>, 604b-604c, 704a-704d or a component of the UE <NUM>, <NUM>, 604b-604c, 704a-704d, such as the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and/or the controller/processor <NUM>.

At <NUM>, the UE may receive, from at least one of a first base station or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may receive, at <NUM>, a beam pair configuration from the base station <NUM>. Each of the UL beam and the DL beam (e.g., indicated at <NUM> via the beam pair configuration) may correspond to at least one of a fully overlapped frequency band, a partially overlapped frequency band, or a non-overlapped frequency band. The configuration for the beam pair including the UL beam and the DL beam may be received (e.g., at <NUM>) via at least one of DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

At <NUM>, the UE may transmit at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while receiving DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the UE or the at least one of the first base station or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may transmit, at 408a-408b, the RACH message while receiving, at <NUM>, DL information from the base station <NUM>. Further, the UE 604b-604c and/or the base station 602a-602b may be configured based on a FD mode. The at least one RACH message may be transmitted (e.g., at 408a by the UE <NUM> or by the UE 604b) via the UL beam to the at least one of the first base station <NUM>/602b or the first TRP. The DL information (e.g., received at <NUM> by the UE <NUM> or by the UE 604b-604c) may be based on at least one of a SSB, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, or a CSI-RS. In further aspects, the at least one RACH message may be transmitted (e.g., at 408b by the UE <NUM> or by the UE 604c) via the UL beam to at least one of a second base station <NUM>/<NUM> or a second TRP that is different from the at least one of the first base station <NUM>/602b or the first TRP. The at least one RACH message (e.g., transmitted at 408a-408b) may corresponds to at least one of a BFR or a PDCCH order. The at least one RACH message (e.g., transmitted at 408a-408b) and the DL information (e.g., received at <NUM>) may be at least one of FDMed or SDMed.

Referring to <FIG>, the RACH procedure may be at least one of a two-step RACH procedure (e.g., corresponding to the diagrams <NUM>-<NUM>) based on a Msg A or a Msg B, or a four-step RACH procedure based on a Msg <NUM> and a Msg <NUM> or a Msg <NUM> and a Msg <NUM>. The at least one RACH message may include a first portion corresponding to a preamble portion (e.g., associated with Msg A/Msg <NUM>) or a control portion (e.g., associated with the Msg B/Msg <NUM>) and a second portion corresponding to a payload portion (e.g., associated with both Msg types A and B as well as Msg types <NUM> and <NUM>).

At 806a, to transmit the at least one RACH message, the UE may transmit the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE 704a transmits the preamble portion of the RACH message to the base station 702a based on the FD mode and the UE 704a transmits the payload portion of the RACH message to the base station 702a based on the HD mode.

At 806b, to transmit the at least one RACH message, the UE may transmit the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE 704b transmits the preamble portion of the RACH message to the base station 702b based on the HD mode and the UE 704b transmits the payload portion of the RACH message to the base station 702b based on the FD mode.

At 806c, to transmit the at least one RACH message, the UE may transmit the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE 704c transmits the preamble portion of the RACH message and the payload portion of the RACH message to the base station 702c based on the FD mode.

At 806d, to transmit the at least one RACH message, the UE may transmit the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE 704d transmits the preamble portion of the RACH message and the payload portion of the RACH message to the base station 702d based on the HD mode.

<FIG> is a flowchart <NUM> of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a base station (e.g., the base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d; the apparatus <NUM>) which may include the memory <NUM> and which may be the entire base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d or a component of the base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d, such as the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and/or the controller/processor <NUM>.

At <NUM>, the base station may transmit, to at least one of a first UE or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station <NUM> may transmit, at <NUM>, a beam pair configuration to the UE <NUM>. Each of the UL beam and the DL beam (e.g., indicated at <NUM> via the beam pair configuration) may correspond to at least one of a fully overlapped frequency band, a partially overlapped frequency band, or a non-overlapped frequency band. The configuration for the beam pair including the UL beam and the DL beam may be transmitted (e.g., at <NUM>) via at least one of DCI, RRC signaling, or MAC-CE.

At <NUM>, the base station may receive at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while transmitting DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the base station or the at least one of the first UE or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the base station <NUM> may receive, at 408a/408c, the RACH message while transmitting, at <NUM>, DL information to the UE <NUM>. Further, the base station 602a-602b and/or the UE 604b-604c may be configured based on a FD mode. The at least one RACH message may be received (e.g., at 408a by the base station <NUM> or by the base station 602b) via the UL beam from the at least one of the first UE <NUM>/604b or the first TRP. The DL information (e.g., transmitted at <NUM> by the base station <NUM> or by the base station 602a-602b) may be based on at least one of a SSB, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, or a CSI-RS. In further aspects, the at least one RACH message may be received (e.g., at 408c from the UE <NUM> or from the UE <NUM>) via the UL beam from at least one of a second UE <NUM>/<NUM> or a second TRP that is different from the at least one of the first UE <NUM>/604a or the first TRP. The at least one RACH message (e.g., received at 408a/408c) may corresponds to at least one of a BFR or a PDCCH order. The at least one RACH message (e.g., received at 408a/408c) and the DL information (e.g., transmitted at <NUM>) may be at least one of FDMed or SDMed.

At 906a, to receive the at least one RACH message, the base station may receive the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station 702a receives the preamble portion of the RACH message from the UE 704a based on the FD mode and the base station 702a receives the payload portion of the RACH message from the UE 704a based on the HD mode.

At 906b, to receive the at least one RACH message, the base station may receive the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station 702b receives the preamble portion of the RACH message from the UE 704b based on the HD mode and the base station 702b receives the payload portion of the RACH message from the UE 704b based on the FD mode.

At 906c, to receive the at least one RACH message, the base station may receive the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station 702c receives the preamble portion of the RACH message and the payload portion of the RACH message from the UE 704c based on the FD mode.

At 906d, to receive the at least one RACH message, the base station may receive the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station 702d receives the preamble portion of the RACH message and the payload portion of the RACH message from the UE 704d based on the HD mode.

At <NUM>, the UE may receive a RRC configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of a RACH preamble. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may receive, at <NUM>, a preambleTransMax parameter from the base station <NUM>.

At <NUM>, the UE may determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may determine, at <NUM>, all modes of transmission and retransmission to the base station <NUM> based on UE implementations.

At <NUM>, the UE may alternatively determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the UE <NUM>/704a-704b may determine, at <NUM>, a mode of the initial transmission to the base station <NUM>/702a-702d based on a UE implementation.

At <NUM>, the UE may determine each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the UE <NUM>/704a-704d may determine, at <NUM>, a mode of each of the N retransmissions to the base station <NUM>/702a-702c based on base station signaling and/or a predefined protocol. In aspects, a last retransmission (e.g., the Nth retransmission) of the RACH preamble may be based on TDM.

At <NUM>, the UE may alternatively determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may determine, at <NUM>, all modes of transmission and retransmission to the base station <NUM> based on base station signaling and/or a predefined protocol.

At <NUM>, the UE may transmit a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the UE <NUM>/704a-704b may transmit, at <NUM>, a RACH preamble to the base station <NUM>/702a-702d in a HD mode or a FD mode based on TDM, FDM, and/or SDM.

At <NUM>, the UE may determine to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a threshold time delay measured from the transmission of the RACH preamble. For example, referring to <FIG>, the UE <NUM> may determine, at <NUM>, to retransmit the RACH preamble.

At <NUM>, the UE may retransmit the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. For example, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the UE <NUM>/704a-704d may retransmit, at <NUM>, the RACH preamble (e.g., based on N retransmissions) to the base station <NUM>/702a-702c in a HD mode or a FD mode. The RACH preamble may be retransmitted (e.g., at <NUM>) in one or more retransmissions based on the plurality of modes of transmission (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM).

<FIG> is a flowchart <NUM> of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a base station (e.g., the base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d; the apparatus <NUM>), which may include the memory <NUM> and which may be the entire base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d or a component of the base station <NUM>, <NUM>, 602a-602b, 702a-702d, such as the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and/or the controller/processor <NUM>.

At <NUM>, the base station may transmit a RRC configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of the RACH preamble. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station <NUM> may transmit, at <NUM>, a preambleTransMax parameter to the UE <NUM>.

At <NUM>, the base station may receive a transmission of a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station <NUM> may receive, at <NUM>, a RACH preamble based on TDM, FDM, and/or SDM.

At <NUM>, the base station may receive a retransmission of the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. For example, referring to <FIG>, the base station <NUM> may receive, at <NUM>, the RACH preamble retransmission (e.g., based on N retransmissions) from the UE <NUM> in a HD mode or a FD mode. The RACH preamble may be received (e.g., at <NUM>) via one or more retransmissions based on the plurality of modes of transmission (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM).

The first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) and each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) may be determined based on an implementation of the UE <NUM>. Alternatively, the first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) may be determined based on an implementation of the UE <NUM> and each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) may be determined based on at least one of signaling from the base station <NUM> or a predefined protocol. In aspects, a last retransmission (e.g., Nth retransmission) of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble may be based on TDM. Alternatively, the first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) and each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble (e.g., TDM, FDM, and/or SDM) may be determined based on at least one of signaling from the base station <NUM> or the predefined protocol.

The reception component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to receive, from at least one of a first base station or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam. The transmission component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM> and 806a-806d, to transmit at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while receiving DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the UE or the at least one of the first base station or the first TRP operating in a FD mode; to transmit the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode; to transmit the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode; to transmit the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode; and to transmit the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode.

In one configuration, the apparatus <NUM>, and in particular the cellular baseband processor <NUM>, includes means for receiving, from at least one of a first base station or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam; and means for transmitting at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while receiving DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the UE or the at least one of the first base station or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for transmitting the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for transmitting the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for transmitting the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for transmitting the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus <NUM> configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the apparatus <NUM> may include the TX Processor <NUM>, the RX Processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM>.

The apparatus <NUM> is a BS and includes a baseband unit <NUM>. The baseband unit <NUM> may communicate through a cellular RF transceiver <NUM> with the UE <NUM>. The baseband unit <NUM> may include a computer-readable medium / memory. The baseband unit <NUM> is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the baseband unit <NUM>, causes the baseband unit <NUM> to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the baseband unit <NUM> when executing software. The baseband unit <NUM> further includes a reception component <NUM>, a communication manager <NUM>, and a transmission component <NUM>. The components within the communication manager <NUM> may be stored in the computer-readable medium / memory and/or configured as hardware within the baseband unit <NUM>. The baseband unit <NUM> may be a component of the BS <NUM> and may include the memory <NUM> and/or at least one of the TX processor <NUM>, the RX processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM>.

The reception component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM> and 906a-906d, to receive at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while transmitting DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the base station or the at least one of the first UE or the first TRP operating in a FD mode; to receive the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode; to receive the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode; to receive the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode; and to receive the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode. The transmission component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to transmit, to at least one of a first UE or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam.

In one configuration, the apparatus <NUM>, and in particular the baseband unit <NUM>, includes means for transmitting, to at least one of a first UE or a first TRP, a configuration for a beam pair including an UL beam and a DL beam; and means for receiving at least one RACH message of a RACH procedure via the UL beam while transmitting DL information via the DL beam, at least one of the base station or the at least one of the first UE or the first TRP operating in a FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for receiving the first portion in the FD mode and the second portion in a HD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for receiving the first portion in the HD mode and the second portion in the FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for receiving the first portion and the second portion in the FD mode. The apparatus <NUM> may further include means for receiving the first portion and the second portion in the HD mode. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus <NUM> configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the apparatus <NUM> may include the TX Processor <NUM>, the RX Processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM>.

The reception component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to receive a RRC configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of a RACH preamble. The communication manager <NUM> includes a determination component <NUM> that is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>, to determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE; to determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE; to determine each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol; to determine a first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol; and to determine to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a threshold time delay measured from the transmission of the RACH preamble. The communication manager <NUM> further includes a retransmission component <NUM> that is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. The transmission component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to transmit a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission.

In one configuration, the apparatus <NUM>, and in particular the cellular baseband processor <NUM>, includes means for transmitting a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission; means for determining to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a threshold time delay measured from the transmission of the RACH preamble; and means for retransmitting the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. The apparatus <NUM> further includes means for determining the first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE. The apparatus <NUM> further includes means for determining the first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble based on an implementation of the UE; and means for determining each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol. The apparatus <NUM> further includes means for determining the first mode of transmission of the RACH preamble and each mode of transmission of the one or more retransmissions of the RACH preamble based on at least one of signaling from a base station or a predefined protocol. The apparatus <NUM> further includes means for receiving a RRC configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of the RACH preamble. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus <NUM> configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the apparatus <NUM> may include the TX Processor <NUM>, the RX Processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM>.

The reception component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM> and <NUM>, to receive a transmission of a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission; and to receive a retransmission of the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. The transmission component <NUM> is configured, e.g., as described in connection with <NUM>, to transmit a RRC configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of the RACH preamble.

In one configuration, the apparatus <NUM>, and in particular the baseband unit <NUM>, includes means for receiving a transmission of a RACH preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission; and means for receiving a retransmission of the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a same mode or a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of TDM, FDM, or SDM. The apparatus <NUM> further includes means for transmitting a radio resource control (RRC) configuration for a maximum number of retransmissions of the RACH preamble. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus <NUM> configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the apparatus <NUM> may include the TX Processor <NUM>, the RX Processor <NUM>, and the controller/processor <NUM>.

Claim 1:
A method (<NUM>) of wireless communication of a user equipment, UE, comprising:
transmitting (<NUM>) a random access channel, RACH, preamble based on a first mode of transmission of a plurality of modes of transmission;
determining (<NUM>) to retransmit the RACH preamble based on a threshold time delay measured from the transmission of the RACH preamble; and
retransmitting (<NUM>) the RACH preamble based on a second mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission, the second mode of transmission being a different mode of transmission from the first mode of transmission, each mode of transmission of the plurality of modes of transmission based on one or more of time division multiplexing, TDM, frequency division multiplexing, FDM, or spatial division multiplexing, SDM.