Patent Description:
Enhancements on MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) for NR (New Radio) have been discussed in RP-<NUM>. The work item aims to specify the enhancements identified for NR MIMO. One of the objectives is to extend specification support in the following RANI areas, including: enhancements of MU-MIMO support; enhancements of multi-TRP/panel transmission including improved reliability and robustness with both ideal and non-ideal backhaul; enhancements of multi-beam operation; performing a study and making a conclusions in the first RANI meeting after the work item starts, and if needed, specifying CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) and DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) (both downlink and uplink) enhancement for PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) reduction for one or multiple layers; and specifying enhancements to allow full power transmission in case of uplink transmission with multiple power amplifiers (assuming no change of UE power class).

Specifically, the enhancements of multi-TRP and/or panel transmission include improved reliability and robustness with both ideal and non-ideal backhaul, specifying downlink control signaling enhancement(s) for efficient support of non-coherent joint transmission; and performing a study and, if needed, specifying enhancements on uplink control signaling and/or reference signal(s) for non-coherent joint transmission.

<CIT> discloses a four-step beam failure recovery procedure for multi-beam operation in wireless communication systems with beamforming.

<NPL>, provides a number of proposals concerning beam failure detection.

<NPL>, summarises remaining issues of Rel-<NUM> beam failure recovery.

<NPL>, continues the discussion of beam management remaining issues.

<NPL>, provides a summary for a work item discussion concerning enhancements identified for NR MIMO.

One objective of the present disclosure is to provide a technical solution for beam failure recovery in multi-TRP transmission, which can increase the robustness of beams in a communication network.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may include: transmitting configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources; and receiving a physical random access channel resource, wherein the physical random access channel resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the physical random access channel resource may be one of a plurality of physical random access channel resources indicated by the configuration information, wherein each candidate resource in the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with at least one of the plurality of physical random access channel resources.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate at least one set of recovery search spaces, wherein respective one of the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of recovery search spaces. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate a set of recovery search spaces associated with all sets of candidate resources.

In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate a threshold for each one of the at least one set of failure detection resources, wherein the threshold for each one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is the same or different.

In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate a threshold for each one of at least one set of the candidate resources, wherein the threshold for each one of at least one set of the candidate resources is the same or different.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may include: receiving configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources; and transmitting a physical random access channel resource, wherein the physical random access channel resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

According to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus may include: at least one transmitter that: transmits configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources; and at least one receiver that: receives a physical random access channel resource, wherein the physical random access channel resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

According to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus may include: at least one receiver that: receives configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources; and at least one transmitter that: transmits a physical random access channel resource, wherein the physical random access channel resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a technical solution for beam failure recovery in multi-TRP transmission. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure can increase the robustness of beams in a communication network, and facilitate the deployment and implementation of the NR.

In order to describe the manner in which advantages and features of the application can be obtained, a description of the application is rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which are illustrated in the appended drawings. These drawings depict only example embodiments of the application and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope.

The detailed description of the appended drawings is intended as a description of preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present disclosure may be.

Reference will now be made in detail to some embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In a wireless communication system, there may be at least one TRP. A TRP acts like a small base station. The at least one TRP may communicate with each other using a backhaul. The backhaul may be an ideal backhaul and non-ideal backhaul. The latency of the ideal backhaul may be deemed as zero, and the latency of the non-ideal backhaul may be larger than that of the ideal backhaul. The TRP can be used to serve one or more UEs (User Equipment) under the control of a base station. In different application scenario, the TRP may be described using different terms. In fact, in some application scenarios, for example, in a scenario of CoMP (Coordinated Multi-Point), the TRP can even be a base station. Persons skilled in the art should understand that as the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and the communication technology develop, the terminologies recited in the specification may change, which should not affect the scope of the present disclosure.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless communication system <NUM> including at least one TRP <NUM> according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Specifically, as shown in <FIG>, there are one base station <NUM>, two TRPs <NUM>, e.g., a first TRP 103a, and a second TRP 103b, and two UEs <NUM>, e.g., a first UE 105a and a second UE 105b in the exemplary wireless communication system <NUM>. Although only one base station <NUM>, two TRPs <NUM> and two UEs <NUM> are shown for simplicity, it should be noted that the wireless communication system <NUM> may further include more base stations <NUM>, TRPs <NUM>, and UEs <NUM>. The base station <NUM> may be a gNB in some application scenarios. The TRPs <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b may be connected to the same or different base stations <NUM>, for example using a backhaul. Each TRP <NUM> may serve a number of UEs <NUM>. As an example, each of the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b may serve a number of mobile stations including the first UE 105a and the second UE 105b within a serving area, for example, a cell or a cell sector. The first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b can communicate with each other, for example via a backhaul. The first UE 105a and the second UE 105b may be a computing device, a wearable device, or a mobile device, etc..

The TRP <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a or the second TRP 103b may have a plurality of beams available for downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. During a period of time, a portion of the plurality of beams may be used as transmitting (Tx) beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>, and other beams may be used as candidate beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. Only in the case that all the Tx beams fail, the candidate beam may be used as a new Tx beam for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. Beams can be expressed in various manners. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) and SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) resources can be used to represent the beams. The CSI-RS or SSB resources representing the Tx beams and candidate beams can be indicated to the UE <NUM>. The UE <NUM> can determine whether all the Tx beams of the TRP <NUM> have failed based on the indicated resources. In the case that all the Tx beams fail, the UE <NUM> can select a candidate beam and report the candidate beam to the TRP <NUM>, that is triggering a beam failure recovery. Accordingly, the TRP <NUM> may use the reported candidate beam to perform downlink transmission to the UEs <NUM>.

However, in NR R15, a beam failure recovery will be triggered by a UE <NUM> only in response to the failure of all the Tx beams of all the TRPs <NUM>. In other words, the UE <NUM> cannot recognize a certain TRP <NUM> whose Tx beams all failed and cannot perform beam failure recovery for the certain TRP <NUM> in the case that all the Tx beams of the certain TRP <NUM> have failed. This will decrease the performance in multi-TRP transmission, especially in the case that multiple TRPs <NUM> have non-ideal backhaul among each other.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can provide a technical solution for beam failure recovery in multi-TRP transmission, which can recognize the beam failure in a certain TRP <NUM> and can perform beam failure recovery for the certain TRP <NUM> in the case that all the Tx beams of the certain TRP <NUM> have failed. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure will increase the robustness of beams in a communication network.

More details on the embodiments of the present disclosure will be illustrated in the following text in combination with the appended drawings.

<FIG> is a flow chart illustrating a method for BFR in multi-TRP transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may be implemented by a UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b in an exemplary wireless communication system <NUM> as shown in <FIG>. The UE <NUM> can receive downlink transmission from a plurality of TRPs <NUM>, for example the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b as shown in <FIG>. Each TRP <NUM> may have a plurality of beams available for downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. During a period of time, a portion of the plurality of beams may be used as transmitting (Tx) beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>, and other beams may be used as candidate beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. The Tx beams and candidate beams may be configured by a base station <NUM>. Beams can be expressed in various manners. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the CSI-RS and SSB resources can be used to represent the beams.

The Tx beams and candidate beams of each TRP <NUM> for a UE <NUM> can be indicated to the UE <NUM> via configuration information. As shown in <FIG>, in step <NUM>, the UE <NUM>, for example, the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b may receive configuration information. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be included in a plurality of high layer parameters for the UE <NUM> configured by a high layer by a base station <NUM>. For example, the high layer may represent a layer higher than the PHY (physical) layer, such as a RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be received from a base station <NUM>. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be received from a TRP <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a or the second TRP 103b. In this case, the plurality of TRPs <NUM> may serve the same UE <NUM> and all of them under the control of the same base station <NUM>. For example, the base station <NUM> may transmit the configuration information for the UE <NUM> to one of the plurality of TRPs <NUM>, e.g., the first TRP 103a in <FIG>, and the first TRP <NUM> transmits the received configuration information to the UE <NUM>. Other TRPs <NUM>, e.g. the second TRP 103b can get the configuration information for the UE <NUM> by backhaul between the base station <NUM> and the second TRP 103b or backhaul between the second TRP 103b and the first TRP 103a.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the Tx beams and candidate beams of the TRP <NUM> can be indicated to the UE <NUM>, for example, the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b via a set of failure detection resources and a set of candidate resources respectively. Accordingly, the configuration information may indicate at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources. That is, for each TRP <NUM>, the configuration information can indicate to the UE <NUM> a set of failure detection resources and a set of candidate resources associated with set of failure detection resources, wherein one failure detection resource in the set of failure detection resources is associated with one Tx beam of the TRP <NUM> for the UE <NUM>, and one candidate resource in the set of candidate resources is associated with one candidate beam of the TRP <NUM> for the UE <NUM>. The at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources are specifically configured for a single UE <NUM>, for example, the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b.

For example, in the case that there are two TRPs <NUM>, e.g., the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b jointly performing beam transmission to the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b, the configuration information may indicate two sets of failure detection resources, i.e., a first set of failure detection resources and a second set of failure detection resources and two sets of candidate resources, i.e., a first set of candidate resources and a second set of candidate resources. The first set of failure detection resources can be associated with a first set of candidate resources, and they respectively indicate Tx beams and candidate beams of the first TRP 103a. One Tx beam of the first TRP 103a can be represented by one failure detection resource in the first set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam of the first TRP 103a can be represented by one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resource. Similarly, a second set of failure detection resources can be associated with a second set of candidate resources, and they respectively indicate Tx beams and candidate beams of the second TRP 103b. One Tx beam of the second TRP 103b can be represented by one failure detection resource in the second set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam of the second TRP 103b can be represented by one candidate resource in the second set of candidate resource.

Each set of failure detection resources may include at least one CSI-RS resource. For example, the configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources may be represented by at least one set of periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, which can be configured by a high layer parameter failureDetectionResources as defined in TS38.

Each set of candidate resources may include at least one of: at least one CSI-RS resource, and at least one SS (synchronization signal) block resource. For example, the configuration information indicating at least one set of candidate resources may be represented by at least one set of periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, SS block indexes, or both of CSI-RS resource configuration indexes and SS block indexes, which can be configured by a high layer parameter candidateBeamRSList as defined in TS38.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may also indicate a plurality of PRACH (physical random access channel) resources, wherein each candidate resource in the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with at least one of the plurality of physical random access channel resources. In an example of the present disclosure, one candidate resource may be associated with one PRACH resource. In an example of the present disclosure, one candidate resource may be associated with two or more PRACH resources. For example, the plurality of PRACH resources may be configured by a high layer parameter PRACH-ResourceDedicatedBFR as defined in TS38.

The UE <NUM> can first perform a failure detection on a set of failure detection resources that indicate Tx beams of a TRP <NUM>. For a detected set of failure detection resources, in the case that a detection process indicates that all the Tx beams of the TRP <NUM> have failed, the UE <NUM> can detect the set of candidate resources and report a candidate resource to the corresponding TRP <NUM>, that is, triggering a beam failure recovery. Accordingly, the corresponding TRP <NUM> may use a candidate beam corresponding to the reported candidate resource to perform downlink transmission to the UE <NUM>. Thus, embodiments of present disclosure can trigger a beam failure recovery by a UE <NUM> in response to the failure of all the Tx beams of each TRPs <NUM> even in multi-TRP transmission. In other words, the UE <NUM> can recognize a certain TRP <NUM> whose Tx beams have all failed and can perform beam failure recovery for the certain TRP <NUM> in the case that all the Tx beams of the certain TRP <NUM> have failed.

Specifically, after receiving configuration information, the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b may measure the radio link quality of a failure detection resource in a set of failure detection resources.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate a threshold for each of the at least one set of failure detection resources, e.g. a first threshold, and the first threshold for each set of failure detection resources may be the same or different. The configuration information may indicate a threshold for each of the at least one set of the candidate resources, e.g., a second threshold, and the second threshold for each set of candidate resources may be the same or different. The first threshold may be Qout,LR configured by a high layer parameter rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold as defined in TS38. The second threshold may be Qin,LR configured by a high layer parameter rsrp-ThresholdSSB as defined in TS38. For example, there are two sets of failure detection resources and two sets of candidate resources, the configuration information may indicate a first threshold Qi-i for the first set of failure detection resources and a first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the second set of failure detection resources, and indicate a second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the first set of candidate resource and a second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the second set of candidate resource. The first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> and the first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> can be same or different, and and the second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> and the second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> can be the same or different.

In the case that the radio link quality of each failure detection resource in the set of failure detection resources is worse than the first threshold, it means all the Tx beams of the corresponding TRP for the UE <NUM> failed. The UE <NUM> can trigger a BRF, and measure the radio link quality of each candidate resource in the associated set of candidate resources based on the second threshold. In the case that the radio link quality of each failure detection resource in a set of failure detection resources is worse than the first threshold and the radio link quality for a candidate resource in the associated set of candidate resources is larger than or equal to the second threshold, the UE <NUM> can select the candidate resource and report the selection by reporting a PRACH (physical random access channel) resource associated with the selected candidate resource. For example, in step <NUM>, the UE <NUM>, e.g., the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b may transmit the PRACH resource associated with the candidate resource selected from the set of candidate resources associated with the failed set of failure detection resources to the corresponding TRP <NUM>.

In an exemplary scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b can jointly perform beam transmission to the first UE 105a. The first TRP 103a may have a plurality of Tx beams and a plurality of candidate beams, which may be configured by a base station <NUM>. The second TRP 103b may also have a plurality of Tx beams and a plurality of candidate beams, which may be configured by a base station <NUM>. Accordingly, the first UE 105a can receive configuration information indicating a first set of failure detection resources, a first set of candidate resources, a second set of failure detection resources, and a second set of candidate resources. The first set of failure detection resources and the first set of candidate resources may be associated with the first TRP 103a, and the second set of failure detection resources and the second set of candidate resources may be associated with the second TRP 103b. One Tx beam of the first TRP 103a may be represented by one failure detection resource in the first set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam of the first TRP 103a may be represented by one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources. Similarly, one Tx beam of the second TRP 103b may be represented by one failure detection resource in the second set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam of the second TRP 103b may be represented by one candidate resource in the second set of candidate resources. Moreover, the configuration information may indicate a first threshold for the first set of failure detection resources, a second threshold for the second set of failure detection resources, a third threshold for the first set of candidate resource, and a fourth threshold for the second set of candidate resource. The first threshold and the second threshold may be the same or different, the third threshold and the fourth threshold may be the same or different.

Based on the received configuration information, the first UE 105a may measure the radio link quality of the failure detection resources in the first set of failure detection resources and the second set of failure detection resources respectively. In the case that the radio link quality for all the failure detection resources in the first set of failure detection resources is below a first threshold, the first UE 105a may determine that all the Tx beams of the first TRP 103a have failed. The first UE 105a may measure the radio link quality of the candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources which is associated with the first set of failure detection resources. In the case that the radio link quality of one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources is larger than or equal to the third threshold, the first UE 105a may select the candidate resource. That means, the first UE 105a determines that the candidate beam associated with the selected candidate resource can be used as a Tx beam by the first TRP 103a for the transmission to the first UE 105a. The first UE 105a may transmit a PRACH resource associated with the selected candidate resource to the first TRP 103a. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there may be two PRACH resources associated with one candidate resource. The first UE 105a may randomly select one PRACH resource associated with the selected candidate resource and transmit it to the first TRP 103a.

Similarly, the first UE 105a may measure the radio link quality of the failure detection resources in the second set of failure detection resources. In the case that the radio link quality for all the failure detection resources in the second set of failure detection resources is below a second threshold, the first UE 105a may determine that all the Tx beams of the second TRP 103a have failed. The first UE 105a may measure the radio link quality of the candidate resource in the second set of candidate resources which is associated with the second set of failure detection resources. In the case that the radio link quality of one candidate resource in the second set of candidate resources is larger than or equal to the fourth threshold, the first UE 105a may select the candidate resource. That means, the first UE 105a determines that the candidate beam associated the selected candidate resource can be used as a Tx beam by the second TRP 103b for the transmission to the first UE 105a. The first UE 105a may transmit a PRACH resource associated with the selected candidate resource to the second TRP 103b. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there may be two PRACH resources associated with one candidate resource. The first UE 105a may randomly select one PRACH resource associated with the selected candidate resource and transmit it to the second TRP 103b.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may also indicate at least one set of recovery search spaces. A set of search spaces may be a set of time-frequency resources for transmitting PDCCH. Accordingly, a set of recovery search spaces may be a set of time-frequency resources for transmitting the PDCCH responding to the PRACH resource in the BFR. In the case that the at least one TRPs <NUM> and the base station <NUM> have ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate one set of recovery search spaces, and the set of recovery search spaces is associated with all the configured sets of candidate resources. In the case that the at least one TRPs <NUM> and the base station <NUM> have non-ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate more than one sets of recovery search spaces, wherein respective one of the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with respective one of the at least one sets of recovery search spaces. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one set of recovery search spaces may be configured by a high layer parameter recoverySearchSpaceld as defined in TS38.

Specifically, in an exemplary scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b can jointly perform beam transmission to the first UE 105a. In the case that the first TRP 103a, the second TRP 103b and the base station <NUM> have ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate only one set of recovery search spaces associated with both the first set of candidate resources and the second set of candidate resources. In the case that the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b have non-ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate two sets of recovery search spaces, for example, a first set of candidate resources is associated with a first set of recovery search spaces and a second set of candidate resources is associated with a second set of recovery search spaces.

As shown in <FIG>, in step <NUM>, the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b may receive a PDCCH (physical downlink control channel) signal in a set of recovery search spaces using a receiving (Rx) beam. The Rx beam corresponds to the candidate beam represented by the candidate resource associated with the PRACH resource, and the set of recovery search spaces may be a set of time-frequency resources for transmitting the PDCCH. Since each set of candidate resources may be associated with a set of recovery search spaces, the set of recovery search spaces for receiving the PDCCH signal may be determined by the associated set of candidate resource including the candidate resource associated with the PRACH resource. Specifically, after transmitting the PRACH resource in slot n, the UE <NUM> may keep monitoring a PDCCH signal in the set of recovery search spaces within a window from slot n+<NUM>. The window may be configured by higher layer parameter BeamFailureRecoveryConfig as defined in TS38.

<FIG> is a flow chart illustrating a method for BFR in multi-TRP transmission according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may be implemented in an exemplary wireless communication system <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, wherein there are at least one TRPs <NUM>, for example the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b jointly performing beam transmission to the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b. Each TRP <NUM> may have a plurality of beams available for downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. During a period of time, a portion of the plurality of beams may be used as transmitting (Tx) beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>, and other beams may be used as candidate beams for performing downlink transmission from the TRP <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. The Tx beams and the candidate beams may be configured by a base station <NUM>. Beams can be expressed in various manners. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the CSI-RS and SSB resources can be used to represent the beams.

The Tx beams and candidate beams of each TRP <NUM> for a UE <NUM> can be indicated to the UE <NUM> via configuration information. As shown in <FIG>, in step <NUM>, the method may include transmitting configuration information to the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be included in a plurality of high layer parameters for the UE <NUM> configured by a high layer by a base station <NUM>. For example, the high layer may represent a layer higher than the PHY layer, such as a RRC layer.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be transmitted from a base station <NUM> to the UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may be transmitted from a TRP <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a or second TRP 103b to the UE <NUM>. In this case, a plurality of TRPs <NUM> may serve the same UE <NUM> and all of them under the control of the same base station <NUM>. For example, the base station <NUM> may transmit the configuration information for the UE <NUM> to one of the TRPs <NUM>, e.g. the first TRP 103a in <FIG>. Other TRPs <NUM>, for example the second TRP 103b can get the configuration information for the UE <NUM> by backhaul between the base station <NUM> and the second TRP 103b or backhaul between the second TRP 103b and the first TRP 103a.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the Tx beams and the candidate beams of the TRP <NUM> may be indicated to the UE <NUM> via a set of failure detection resources and a set of candidate resources respectively. Accordingly, the configuration information may indicate at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources. That is, for each TRP <NUM>, the configuration information can indicate to the UE <NUM> a set of failure detection resources and a set of candidate resources associated with set of failure detection resources, wherein the set of failure detection resources is associated with the Tx beams of the TRP <NUM> for the UE <NUM>, and the set of candidate resources associated with the candidate beams of the TRP <NUM> for the UE <NUM>. The at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources are specifically configured for a single UE <NUM>, for example, the first UE 105a or the second UE 105b.

In an exemplary scenario, there are two TRPs <NUM>, for example the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b jointly performing beam transmission to the same UE <NUM>, for example the first UE 105a or second UE 105b. The configuration information may indicate two sets of failure detection resources, i.e., a first set of failure detection resources and a second set of failure detection resources and two sets of candidate resources, i.e., a first set of candidate resources and a second set of candidate resources. The first set of failure detection resources can be associated with a first set of candidate resources, and they are respectively associated with the Tx beams and candidate beams of the first TRP 103a. One Tx beam of the first TRP 103a can be represented by one failure detection resource in the first set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam the first TRP 103a can be represented by one candidate resource in the first set of candidate resource. Similarly, a second set of failure detection resources can be associated with a second set of candidate resources, and they are respectively associated with the Tx beam and candidate beams of the second TRP 103b. One Tx beam of the second TRP 103b can be represented by one failure detection resource in the second set of failure detection resources, and one candidate beam of the second TRP 103b can be represented by one candidate resource in the second set of candidate resource.

Each set of candidate resources may include at least one of: at least one CSI-RS resource, and at least one SS block resource. For example, the configuration information indicating at least one set of candidate resources may be represented by at least one set of periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes, SS block indexes, or both of CSI-RS resource configuration indexes and SS block indexes, which can be configured by a high layer parameter candidateBeamRSList as defined in TS38.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may also indicate a plurality of PRACH resources, wherein each candidate resource in the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with at least one of the plurality of physical random access channel resources. In an example of the present disclosure, one candidate resource may be associated with one PRACH resource. In an example of the present disclosure, one candidate resource may be associated with two or more PRACH resources. For example, the plurality of PRACH resources may be configured by a high layer parameter PRACH-ResourceDedicatedBFR as defined in TS38.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may also indicate at least one set of recovery search spaces. In the case that the at least one TRPs <NUM> and the base station <NUM> have ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate one set of recovery search spaces, and the set of recovery search spaces is associated with all the configured sets of candidate resources. In the case that the at least one TRPs <NUM> and the base station <NUM> have non-ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate one set of recovery search spaces per TRP <NUM>. Respective one of the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of recovery search spaces. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one set of recovery search spaces may be configured by a high layer parameter recoverySearchSpaceld as defined in TS38.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate a threshold for each of the at least one set of failure detection resources, e.g. a first threshold, and the first threshold for each set of failure detection resources may be the same or different. The configuration information may indicate a threshold for each of the at least one set of the candidate resources, e.g. a second threshold, and the second threshold for each set of candidate resources may be the same or different. The first threshold may be Qout,LR configured by a high layer parameter rlmInSyncOutOfSyncThreshold as defined in TS38. The second threshold may be Qin,LR configured by a high layer parameter rsrp-ThresholdSSB as defined in TS38. For example, there are two sets of failure detection resources and two sets of candidate resources, the configuration information may indicate a first threshold Qi-i for the first set of failure detection resources and a first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the second set of failure detection resources, and indicate a second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the first set of candidate resource and a second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> for the second set of candidate resource. The first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> and the first threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> can be same or different, and the second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> and the second threshold Q<NUM>-<NUM> can be the same or different.

In step <NUM>, the TRP <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a or the second TRP 103b may receive a PRACH resource from the UE <NUM>. The PRACH resource may be received only in the case that radio link quality of each failure detection resource in a set of failure detection resources is worse than the first threshold and radio link quality for one candidate resource in the associated set of candidate resources is larger than or equal to the second threshold. The radio link quality may be measured by one of: layer-<NUM> RSRP (reference signal receiving power); and layer-<NUM> SINR (signal to interference plus noise ratio).

After receiving the PRACH resource, the TRP <NUM>, for example, the first TRP 103a or the second TRP 103b may use a candidate beam to transmit a PDCCH signal to the UE <NUM> in a set of recovery search spaces, wherein the candidate beam is represented by the candidate resource associated with the PRACH resource, and the PDCCH signal corresponds to the candidate beam. Specifically, since the PRACH resource may be associated with a candidate resource and the candidate resource may indicate a candidate beam, the candidate beam transmitting the PDCCH can be indicated by the candidate resource associated with the PRACH resource. Moreover, since each set of candidate resources may be associated with a set of recovery search spaces, the set of recovery search spaces for transmitting the PDCCH signal may be determined by the associated set of candidate resource associated with the PRACH resource.

<FIG> illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus <NUM> for BFR in multi-TRP transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus <NUM> can be a TRP <NUM> as shown in <FIG>.

Referring to <FIG>, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus <NUM> may include at least one transmitter <NUM> and at least one receiver <NUM>. The at least one transmitter <NUM> may transmit configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources. The at least one receiver <NUM> may receive a PRACH resource, wherein the PRACH resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the PRACH resource may be one of a plurality of PRACH resources indicated by the configuration information, wherein each candidate resource in the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with at least one of the plurality of physical random access channel resources.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate at least one set of recovery search spaces, wherein respective one of the at least one set of candidate resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of recovery search spaces. The configuration information may indicate only one set of recovery search spaces associated with all sets of candidate resources in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus <NUM> may have an antenna (not shown), which transmits and receives radio signals. The at least one transmitter <NUM> and at least one receiver <NUM> can be integrated in at least one transceiver coupled with the antenna. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus <NUM> may also include at least one processor <NUM> coupled to the at least one transmitter <NUM> and receiver <NUM>. The apparatus <NUM> may also include at least one non-transitory computer-readable memory <NUM>, which can store computer executable instructions. The computer executable instructions can be programmed to implement a method with the at least one receiver <NUM>, the at least one transmitter <NUM> and the at least one processor <NUM> so that carry out different tasks of a TRP <NUM> in according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

<FIG> illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus <NUM> for BFR in multi-TRP transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus <NUM> can be a UE <NUM> as shown in <FIG>.

Referring to <FIG>, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus <NUM> may include at least one transmitter <NUM> and at least one receiver <NUM>. The at least one receiver <NUM> may receive configuration information indicating at least one set of failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources, wherein respective one of the at least one set of failure detection resources is associated with respective one of the at least one set of the candidate resources. The at least one transmitter <NUM> may transmits a PRACH resource, wherein the PRACH resource is associated with one candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus <NUM> may have an antenna (not shown), which transmits and receives radio signals. The at least one receiver <NUM> and at least one transmitter <NUM> can be integrated in at least one transceiver coupled with the antenna. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus may also include at least one processor <NUM> coupled to the at least one receiver <NUM> and transmitter <NUM>. The apparatus <NUM> may also include at least one non-transitory computer-readable memory <NUM>, which can store computer executable instructions. The computer executable instructions can be programmed to implement a method with the at least one receiver <NUM>, the at least one transmitter <NUM> and the at least one processor <NUM> so that carry out different tasks of a UE <NUM> in according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

<FIG> illustrates an exemplary application scenario of implementing a method for BFR in multi-TRP transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In <FIG>, assuming two TRPs <NUM>, for example the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b shown in <FIG> can serve the same UE <NUM>, for example, the first UE 105a shown in <FIG>. After beam management between the first TRP 103a and the first UE 105a, the base station <NUM> may configure the following to the first TRP 103a for transmission to the first UE 105a: two Tx beams, for example, beam <NUM> and beam <NUM> and two candidate beams, for example, beam <NUM> and beam <NUM>. After beam management between the second TRP 103b and the first UE 105a, the base station <NUM> may configure the following to the second TRP 103b for transmission to the first UE 105a: two Tx beams, for example, beam <NUM> and beam <NUM> and two candidate beams, for example, beam <NUM> and beam <NUM>.

One of the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b, for example the first TRP 103a may transmit the configuration information to the first UE 105a. The other one TRP <NUM>, for example, the second TRP 103b can get the configuration information for the UE <NUM> by backhaul between the base station <NUM> or backhaul between the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b.

The configuration information may indicate a first set of failure detection resources and a first set of candidate resources, so that the Tx beams and the and the candidate beams of the first TRP 103a can be indicated to the first UE 103a. The first set of failure detection resources is associated with the first set of candidate resources. The first set of failure detection resources may include two CSI-RS resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM> and CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM>. The first set of candidate resources may include two CSI-RS resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM> and CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM>.

Similarly, the configuration information may indicate a second set of failure detection resources and a second set of candidate resources, so that the Tx beams and the candidate beams of the second TRP 103b can be indicated to the first UE 103a. The second set of failure detection resources is associated with the second set of candidate resources. The second set of failure detection resources may include two CSI-RS resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM> and CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM>. The second set of candidate resources may include two CSI-RS resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM> and CSI-RS resource <NUM> indicating beam <NUM>.

Moreover, the configuration information may also indicate a plurality of PRACH resources. Each candidate resource may have one or more associated PRACH resources. That is, each of CSI-RS resources <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> may has one or more associated PRACH resources. The PRACH resources associated with different CSI-RS resources are different.

The configuration information may also indicate a threshold Qout,LR' for the first set of failure detection resources, a threshold Qout,LR" for the second set of failure detection resources, a threshold Qin,LR' for the first set of candidate resources, a threshold Qin,LR" for the second set of candidate resources.

The configuration information may also indicate at least one set of recovery search spaces. In the case that the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b and the base station <NUM> have ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate only one set of recovery search spaces associated with both the first set of failure detection resources and the second set of failure detection resources. In the case that the first TRP 103a and the second TRP 103b have non-ideal backhaul among each other, the configuration information may indicate two set of recovery search spaces, for example, a first set of recovery search spaces associated with a first set of candidate resources and a second set of recovery search spaces associated with a first set of candidate resources.

After receiving the above configuration information, the first UE 105a may measure the radio link quality of CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the first set of failure detection resources and CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the second of failure detection resources. For example, the first UE 105a may measure the layer-<NUM> RSRP value for CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the first set of failure detection resources and CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the second set of failure detection resources.

In the case that the first UE 105a finds that the layer-<NUM> RSRP values for CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the first set of failure detection resources are both worse than the threshold Qout,LR', the first UE 105a may determine that all the Tx beams of the first TRP 103a have failed. The first UE 105a may try to find a candidate beam of the first TRP 103a via selecting or determining a candidate resource in the first set of candidate resources associated with the first set of failure detection resources.

Specifically, the first UE 105a may measure the layer-<NUM> RSRP value for CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the first set of candidate resources. In the case that the layer-<NUM> RSRP value of one resource in the first set of candidate resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> is larger than or equal to the threshold Qin,LR', the first UE 105a may transmit a PRACH resource associated with CSI-RS resource <NUM> to the first TRP 103a.

After receiving the PRACH resource associated with CSI-RS resource <NUM>, the first TRP 103a may use beam <NUM> represented by CSI-RS resource <NUM> to transmit a PDCCH signal in a set of recovery search spaces associated with the first set of candidate resources including CSI-RS resource <NUM>. In other words, according to the received PRACH resource, the first TRP 103a may determine a Tx beam and the set of the recovery search spaces so that the first TRP 103a can transmit the PDCCH signal. The first UE 105a may keep monitoring the PDCCH single in the set of recovery search spaces associated with the first set of candidate resources within a window from slot n+<NUM> in the case that the first UE 105a transmits the PRACH resource to the first TRP 103a in slot n. The first UE 105a may use the Rx beam corresponding to beam <NUM> to receive the PDCCH signal.

Similarly, all the Tx beams of the second TRP 103b may also fail. In the case that the first UE 105a finds that the layer-<NUM> RSRP values for CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the second set of failure detection resources are both worse than a threshold Qout,LR", the first UE 105a may determine that all the Tx beams of the second TRP 103b have failed. The UE 105a may try to find a candidate beam of the second TRP 103b via selecting or determining a candidate resource in the second set of candidate resources associated with the second set of failure detection resources.

Specifically, the first UE 105a may measure the layer-<NUM> RSRP value for CSI-RS resources <NUM> and <NUM> in the second set of candidate resources. In the case that the layer-<NUM> RSRP value of one resource in the second set of candidate resources, for example, CSI-RS resource <NUM> is larger than or equal to the threshold Qin,LR", the first UE 105a may transmit a PRACH resource associated with CSI-RS resource <NUM> to the second TRP 103b.

After receiving the PRACH resource associated with CSI-RS resource <NUM>, the second TRP 103b may use beam <NUM> represented by CSI-RS resource <NUM> to transmit a PDCCH signal in a set of recovery search spaces associated with the second set of candidate resources including CSI-RS resource <NUM>. In other words, according to the received PRACH resource, the second TRP 103b may determine a Tx beam and the set of the recovery search spaces so that the second TRP 103b can transmit the PDCCH signal. The first UE 105a may keep monitoring the PDCCH single in the set of recovery search spaces associated with the second set of candidate resources within a window from slot n+<NUM> in the case that the first UE 105a transmit the PRACH resource to the second TRP 103b in slot n. The first UE 105a may use the Rx beam corresponding to beam <NUM> to receive the PDCCH signal.

The method according to embodiments of the present disclosure can also be implemented on a programmed processor. In general, any device on which resides a finite state machine capable of implementing the flowcharts shown in the figures may be used to implement the processor functions of this application. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for emotion recognition from speech, including a processor and a memory. Computer programmable instructions for implementing a method for emotion recognition from speech are stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to perform the computer programmable instructions to implement the method for emotion recognition from speech. The method may be a method as stated above or other method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

An alternative embodiment preferably implements the methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure in a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium storing computer programmable instructions. The instructions are preferably executed by computer-executable components preferably integrated with a network security system. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium may be stored on any suitable computer readable media such as RAMs, ROMs, flash memory, EEPROMs, optical storage devices (CD or DVD), hard drives, floppy drives, or any suitable device. The computer-executable component is preferably a processor but the instructions may alternatively or additionally be executed by any suitable dedicated hardware device. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium having computer programmable instructions stored therein. The computer programmable instructions are configured to implement a method for emotion recognition from speech as stated above or other method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Claim 1:
A Transmit-Receive Point, TRP, (<NUM>) for beam failure recovery in a multi-TRP transmission environment, the TRP (<NUM>) comprising at least one processor (<NUM>) coupled with the at least one memory (<NUM>) and configured to cause the TRP (<NUM>) to:
transmit (<NUM>) configuration information indicating at least one set of beam failure detection resources and at least one set of candidate resources associated with the TRP (<NUM>), wherein respective ones of the at least one set of beam failure detection resources are associated with respective ones of the at least one set of the candidate resources; and
receive (<NUM>) a physical random access channel resource to indicate a candidate resource, wherein the physical random access channel resource is associated with the candidate resource in one of the at least one set of candidate resources.