Patent Description:
In any transmission of data between wireless devices, the parameters of the transmission must be set in a way known to both the transmitter and the receiver. A particular arrangement of such parameters can be called a mode of transmission or operational mode, which allows devices to be set up to operate in a particular mode of operations. In various operational modes, the parameters can include the particular formatting of data to be sent, the speed of transmission, the type of signal flow used, etc..

Signal formatting refers to the many varieties of signal standards that can be used. In a cell phone network, this could include the third generation (<NUM>) long term evolution (LTE) standard, the global system for mobile phones (GSM) standard, or any other suitable cell phone protocol. In other wireless environments, other signal standards could be used to set the signal formatting.

The speed of transmission may be varied in some embodiments. In this case transmissions at different speeds would be classified as separate modes. This is because even if the same data formatting style were used, the difference in transmission speed would require different handling.

The type of signal flow would indicate whether the data transmissions are simplex, half-duplex, full duplex (sometimes simply referred to as 'duplex'), or some variation of these. In simplex transmissions, data transmission is unidirectional. In other words, when two devices are in communication only one of the two devices sends data and only one of the two devices receives data. The transmitting device must have some kind of transmitter circuit, and the receiver device must have some kind of receiver circuit. In full duplex transmissions, data transmission is bidirectional. In other words, when two devices are in communication they each send and receive data at the same time. The two communicating devices must each have some kind of transceiver circuit configured to simultaneously transmit and receive signals. In half-duplex transmissions, data is sent in both directions, but not at the same time. In other words, the system allows for serial simplex transmission, with the two devices switching off as to who will be the transmitter and who will be the receiver. Like full duplex, half-duplex requires each device to include a transceiver circuit. However, since the devices do not transmit and receive at the same time, these transceiver circuits need not be configured for simultaneous transmission and reception. Further background information can be found in the following documents:.

As different device operational modes have become more prevalent in the marketplace, manufacturers inevitably desire to create devices that function in more than one mode. At present, mode changes are made either manually by a device operator, or are initiated by the device itself, requiring a hard shutdown of the previous communication and the mode is not changed until such a process happens again. This mode change is usually in response to coverage issues, such as a lack of coverage in given multiple access scheme or the presence of coverage in a new multiple access scheme that offers better services. This limited responsiveness can be disadvantageous, however, in certain circumstances where environmental, network, or device parameters change, it could be disadvantageous to maintain the same operational mode.

The accompanying figures where like reference numerals refer to identical or functionally similar elements and which together with the detailed description below are incorporated in and form part of the specification, serve to further illustrate an exemplary embodiment and to explain various principles and advantages in accordance with the present invention.

The instant disclosure is provided to further explain in an enabling fashion the best modes of performing one or more embodiments of the present invention. The disclosure is further offered to enhance an understanding and appreciation for the inventive principles and advantages thereof, rather than to limit in any manner the invention. The invention is defined solely by the appended claims.

It is further understood that the use of relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another entity, item, or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities, items or actions. It is noted that some embodiments include a plurality of processes or steps, which can be performed in any order, unless expressly and necessarily limited to a particular order; i.e., processes or steps that are not so limited may be performed in any order.

Much of the inventive functionality and many of the inventive principles when implemented, are best implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), and in particular through the use of circuits involving CMOS transistors. It is expected that one of ordinary skill, notwithstanding possibly significant effort and many design choices motivated by, for example, available time, current technology, and economic considerations, when guided by the concepts and principles disclosed herein will be readily capable of generating such ICs with minimal experimentation. Therefore, in the interest of brevity and minimization of any risk of obscuring the principles and concepts according to the present invention, further discussion of such ICs, if any, will be limited to the essentials with respect to the principles and concepts used by the exemplary embodiments.

One exemplary embodiment of the present claimed invention is with respect to a long term evolution (LTE) cell phone network. In such a network it can be advantageous to dynamically shift the mode of a mobile device (i.e., a cell phone) from a full duplex mode to a half-duplex mode and back again. One reason this would be desirable is to allow the base station to control the reliability of transmissions between the base station and the mobile device based on various network criteria, e.g., quality of service (QoS) criteria. Another reason is to allow mobile units to request to enter different modes based on their local need.

For purposes of disclosure an exemplary embodiment will be shown that relates to changing between a full duplex mode and a half-duplex mode in an LTE cell phone. However, the present claimed invention should not be limited to such an embodiment. It is generally applicable to the dynamic selection of operational modes relating to any criteria, e.g., the data formatting scheme used by a network, the speed of transmission, the type of signal flow used, or any other parameter that may be changed between operational modes. Alternate embodiments could also involve choosing between more than two modes if a plurality of modes are offered as viable alternatives. In such an embodiment, a device could dynamically switch between all possible modes.

<FIG> is a diagram of the coverage of a wireless network according to a disclosed embodiment. This embodiment shows a cell phone network by way of example. As shown in <FIG>, the coverage area for the wireless network <NUM> is divided into a plurality of adjacent hexagonal areas <NUM>. Each hexagonal area <NUM> has a base station <NUM> at its center, and is evenly divided into three adjacent pentagonal areas <NUM> surrounding the base station <NUM>. Each pentagonal area <NUM> is defined by a first edge 140A, a second edge 140B, a third edge 140C, a fourth edge 140D, and a fifth edge 140E.

The hexagonal areas <NUM> each represent a roughly circular effective range of a base station <NUM>. They are formed to be hexagonal in shape so that they may more tightly overlap. The size of the hexagonal areas <NUM> is chosen such that the mobile devices used within the wireless network <NUM> have sufficient power to reach a corresponding base station <NUM> at the center of the hexagonal area <NUM>. In other words, the size is chosen such that the effective broadcast length of a relevant mobile device is no less than the length from a base station <NUM> to an outside corner of a corresponding hexagonal area <NUM>.

The base stations <NUM> are formed in the center of their respective hexagonal area <NUM>, and broadcast with sufficient power to reach any mobile device operating within the hexagonal area <NUM>. Each base station <NUM> generally coordinates the operation of many mobile devices within the hexagonal area <NUM> surrounding it. As a result, a base station <NUM> should include a transceiver that is configured to send and receive multiple signals at the same time.

The adjacent pentagonal areas <NUM> represent smaller areas of coverage than the entire hexagonal area <NUM>. Some wireless networks (e.g., the exemplary cell phone network) subdivide the hexagonal areas <NUM> in this way. In such networks, the same base station <NUM> services each of the three pentagonal areas <NUM> surrounding it.

Despite being controlled by the same base station <NUM>, each of the adjacent pentagonal areas <NUM> is treated differently for purposes of signal separation. For example, each pentagonal area <NUM> may be separated from the areas adjacent to it through the use of different codes, different frequencies, or some other separation mechanism. This means that while a cell phone in one pentagonal area <NUM> might hear the signals from an adjacent pentagonal area <NUM>, the codes will not match up, so it will know not to listen to them.

However, although each mobile device will be able to ignore the content of signals in adjacent pentagonal areas <NUM> because of the use of different codes, the signals themselves will remain, providing signal interference. In other words, while the network instructions sent from a base station <NUM> for an adjacent pentagonal area <NUM> cannot be read by a mobile unit assigned to a different pentagonal area <NUM>, if the mobile device is close enough to the adjacent pentagonal area <NUM>, the signal meant for the adjacent pentagonal area <NUM> might interfere with the signal for the current pentagonal area <NUM>. This is particularly true if the two pentagonal areas <NUM> use the same or similar frequency spectrum for data transmission. As a result, the signal for an adjacent pentagonal area <NUM> may act as noise for the current pentagonal area <NUM>.

The first through fifth edges 140A-140E, therefore, define areas of greatest potential signal interference from signal originating in an adjacent pentagonal area <NUM>. The closer a mobile unit is to one of the edges 140A-140E, the more likely that mobile device is to hear an adjacent signal as noise. For this reason mobile device users who are near the edges 140A-140E are called cell edge users, and are considered at a higher risk for noise interference than non-edge users. All users suffer the same chance for random noise interference. But cell edge users run the very significant further risk that there will be additional interfering signals of high strength on exactly the wireless frequency used by the device.

This is where dynamic switching between operational modes can improve performance. Different operational modes provide different advantages and disadvantages. Some modes are fast and simple, but not terribly robust in the face of strong interference. Others are slower or more complicated, but can handle greater interference with a smaller chance of dropping a connection.

Thus, one way to address the issue of edge interference (or any interference, really) is to have cell phone users default to operating in a standard mode optimized for non-edge operation, and switch the users to a more robust operational mode when they get close to an edge 140A-140E and become cell edge users. Then the system can switch them back to the standard mode when they leave the edge area.

For example, in an LTE cell phone system, the default operational mode might be a full duplex LTE mode, while the edge mode might be a half-duplex LTE mode. This would require each mobile device to switch from a full duplex mode to a half-duplex mode when it neared an edge (or other interfering element), and then switch back from the half-duplex mode to the full duplex mode when the device left the vicinity of the edge (or other interfering element). This could involve a user approaching an edge and then turning away to return to the same initial pentagonal area <NUM>, or could involve the user crossing an edge boundary into a new pentagonal area <NUM>. In either case, the proximity of the edge (or other interfering element) represents a potential for interference, and may involve a need for mode change.

Although <FIG> shows the hexagonal areas <NUM> and the pentagonal areas <NUM> to be identical in size and uniform in placement, and the base stations <NUM> each in the exact center of their respective hexagonal area, it should be understood that in an actual implementation the placement of the base stations and the shapes of the various hexagonal areas <NUM> and pentagonal areas <NUM> could be extremely irregular because they are determined by the radio propagation environment in the area, e.g., the number of buildings between each base site and the mobile device.

In addition, although the above description refers primarily to interference resulting from users entering into proximity of a cell edge, the described devices and processes are applicable to any source of interference, or any other reason for which it may be desirable to dynamically alter the mode of a mobile device.

<FIG> is a block diagram of a mobile device according to a disclosed embodiment. This mobile device is configured to operate in either a GSM or an LTE network. As shown in <FIG>, the mobile device <NUM> includes an antenna <NUM>, a receiver module <NUM>, a transmitter module <NUM>, a duplexer <NUM>, an antenna switch <NUM>, a transmitter switch <NUM>, a receiver switch <NUM>, first, second, and third band pass filters <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>, first, second, and third receiver amplifiers <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, first and second transmitter amplifiers <NUM> and <NUM>, and a switch controller <NUM>. More generally, the mobile device <NUM> could be referred to as a remote device.

The antenna <NUM> can be any appropriate antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. In one disclosed embodiment it is a cell phone antenna. However, in different types of mobile devices it should be implemented appropriately.

The receiver module <NUM> is a set of circuitry configured to receive and process an incoming signal from the antenna <NUM>, while the transmitter module <NUM> is a set of circuitry configured to generate an appropriate outgoing signal to the antenna <NUM>.

The duplexer <NUM> is a circuit configured to allow the antenna <NUM> to successfully transmit and receive signals simultaneously.

The antenna switch <NUM> is a switch for connecting a variety of circuit elements to the antenna <NUM> in response to a switch control signal. In operation, the antenna switch <NUM> only provides a single connection at a time, based on a current operational mode.

The transmitter switch <NUM> is a switch for connecting signals from the transmitter module <NUM> to either the duplexer <NUM> or the antenna switch <NUM>, while the receiver switch <NUM> is a switch for connecting signals from either the duplexer <NUM> or the antenna switch <NUM> to the receiver module <NUM>.

The first low pass filter <NUM> and the first receiver amplifier <NUM> are connected in series between the antenna switch <NUM> and the receiver module <NUM>, and are configured to provide appropriate front end processing for a first GSM receiver path. Similarly, the second low pass filter <NUM> and the second receiver amplifier <NUM> are connected in series between the antenna switch <NUM> and the receiver module <NUM>, and are configured to provide appropriate front end processing for a second GSM receiver path.

The third low pass filter <NUM> and the third receiver amplifier <NUM> are connected in series between the receiver switch <NUM> and the receiver module <NUM>, and are configured to provide appropriate front end processing for an LTE receiver path.

The first transmitter amplifier <NUM> is connected between the transmitter module and the antenna switch <NUM> and is configured to provide amplification for a GSM transmission path. The second transmitter amplifier <NUM> is connected between the transmitter module and the antenna switch <NUM> and is configured to provide amplification for an LTE transmission path.

Particular parameters for the band pass filters <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>, the receiver amplifiers <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>, and the transmitter amplifiers <NUM> and <NUM> can be chosen as would be understood by one skilled in the art. In alternate embodiments any or all of these filters and amplifiers could be eliminated, or additional front end/back end circuitry could be included in the various receiver and transmitter paths.

The switch controller <NUM> provides a switch control signal to the antenna switch <NUM>, a transmit mode control signal to the transmitter switch <NUM>, and a receiver mode control signal to the receiver switch <NUM>, all in response to a mode control signal received from the receiver module.

The mobile device of <FIG> facilitates four possible connections: a GSM mode receive connection, a GSM mode transmit connection, an LTE full duplex mode connection, an LTE half-duplex mode transmit connection, and an LTE half-duplex mode receive connection. In the GSM mode, the antenna switch <NUM> connects the antenna <NUM> to one of the first and second band pass filters <NUM> and <NUM> when signals are to be received, and connects the antenna <NUM> to the first transmit amplifier <NUM> when signals are to be transmitted. In the LTE full duplex mode, the antenna switch <NUM> connects the antenna <NUM> to the duplexer <NUM>, the transmitter switch <NUM> connects the second transmitter amplifier <NUM> to the duplexer <NUM>, and the receiver switch <NUM> connects the third band pass filter <NUM> to the duplexer. And in the LTE half-duplex mode, the antenna switch <NUM> and the transmitter switch <NUM> connect the antenna <NUM> to the second transmitter amplifier <NUM> when data is to be transmitted, while the antenna switch <NUM> and the receiver switch <NUM> connect the antenna <NUM> to the third band pass filter <NUM> when data is to be received.

As shown in <FIG>, a multiple-mode transceiver is provided. The transceiver includes: an antenna switch configured to selectively connect a first antenna switch node to one of a second antenna switch node, a third antenna switch node, or a fourth antenna switch node; a receiver switch configured to selectively connect a first receiver switch node to one of a second receiver switch node or a third receiver switch node, the second receiver switch node being connected to the third antenna switch node; a transmitter switch configured to selectively connect a first transmitter switch node to one of a second transmitter switch node or a third transmitter switch node, the second transmitter switch node being connected to the fourth antenna switch node; a receiver module configured to receive and process incoming signals and to generate a mode control signal based on the incoming signals, the receiver module being connected to the first receiver switch node; a transmitter module configured to generate outgoing signals, the transmitter module being connected to first transmitter switch node; a duplexer configured to simultaneously pass the incoming signals and the outgoing signals, the duplexer having an antenna transmit/receive node connected to the second antenna switch node, a device receiver node connected to the third receiver switch node, and a device transmitter node connected to the third transmitter switch node; and a controller configured to generate, in response to the mode control signal, an antenna switch control signal to control operation of the antenna switch, a receiver switch control signal to control operation of the receiver switch, and a transmitter switch control signal to control operation of the transmitter switch.

The transceiver may further include a receiver amplifier and a band pass filter connected in series with the receiver amplifier. The receiver module may be connected to the first receiver switch node through the band pass filter and the receiver amplifier. Similarly, the transceiver may further include a transmitter amplifier. The transmitter module may be connected to the first transmitter switch node through a transmitter amplifier. The device may be implemented in an integrated circuit device.

By way of example, this shows four possible modes. However, all that is necessary is the presence of two possible modes. In fact, in some embodiments it is possible to have multiple modes, only a subset of which can be switched dynamically. For ease of explanation, the following description will only refer to switching between two modes. This is for descriptive purposes only, and should not be considered limiting.

<FIG> is a block diagram of a base station according to a disclosed embodiment. This can be the sort of base station shown in <FIG>. As shown in <FIG>, the base station <NUM> includes an antenna <NUM>, a duplexer <NUM>, a receive module <NUM>, a transmit module <NUM>, a measuring circuit <NUM>, and a control circuit <NUM>. More generally, the base station <NUM> could be referred to as a controller device.

The antenna <NUM> can be any appropriate antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. In one disclosed embodiment it is a cell phone base station antenna. However, in different types of base station <NUM> should be implemented appropriately.

The duplexer <NUM> is a circuit configured to allow the antenna <NUM> to successfully transmit and receive signals simultaneously to and from the transmit module <NUM> and the receive module <NUM>.

The receive module <NUM> is a set of circuitry configured to receive and process an incoming signal, while the transmit module <NUM> is a set of circuitry configured to generate an appropriate outgoing signal.

The measuring circuit <NUM> is a circuit designed to measure a particular signal metric of an incoming signal. This can be a measure of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), signal power, a quality of service (QoS) requirement, or some other measure of signal quality. In alternate embodiments the determination of properties other than signal quality could be made, if such properties were relevant to a change in modes. For example, in some embodiments the base station <NUM> could consider data relating to the remaining battery power of a given mobile device <NUM> to determine whether the mobile device <NUM> should be transitioned to a lower power operational mode. In other embodiments, the base station <NUM> could consider the level of traffic on the network, e.g., switching all users in the network to a half-duplex mode during off-peak hours.

The control circuit <NUM> is a circuit configured to generate a set of mode control instructions in response to either or both of signals received directly from the receive module <NUM> or signal metric information received from the measuring circuit <NUM>. These mode control instructions are forwarded to the transmit module for transmission to a mobile device <NUM>.

<FIG> is a message sequence chart showing the interaction between the mobile device of <FIG> and the base station of <FIG> according to a disclosed embodiment. In particular, <FIG> shows how messages pass between a mobile device <NUM> and a base station <NUM> so that the base station <NUM> can set the mode of the mobile device <NUM>.

For the purposes of this example, the described network will be an LTE network with mobile devices capable of operating in a full duplex mode or a half-duplex mode. Alternate embodiments could use different types of networks with different types and numbers of modes.

As shown in <FIG>, the passing of messages begins when the mobile device <NUM> sends an initial request <NUM> to the base station. This request will be sent in a default mode (i.e., Mode A) known to both the mobile device <NUM> and the base station <NUM>.

In one embodiment the initial request <NUM> could be a first attempt by the mobile device <NUM> to connect to the base station <NUM>. In this case, Mode A would be a default operational mode determined beforehand in the network for such initial association requests. In alternate embodiments, however, the initial request <NUM> could represent a communication between the mobile device <NUM> and the base station <NUM> in an established communication stream. In this case, Mode A is whatever mode the base station <NUM> had previously instructed the mobile device <NUM> to use. In some embodiments the mode of initial acquisition will be a half-duplex mode because that will provide better random access channel coverage.

The base station <NUM> responds to the initial request <NUM> with a first mode control instruction <NUM> instructing the mobile device <NUM> to switch to a new operational mode without any signal quality determination. This could be done according to a set mode control scheme. For example, if the initial request were the first message for a new mobile device <NUM> talking to the base station <NUM>, the initial request could be sent in a half-duplex mode, and the base station <NUM> might, as a matter of course, instruct all new mobile devices <NUM> to switch to full duplex once they were properly connected to the network.

In some embodiments the first mode control instruction <NUM> might only be sent if there is a change in operational modes (e.g., from Mode A to Mode B). In other embodiments the first mode control instruction <NUM> might be sent always to indicate the current operational mode, regardless of whether it involved a change of operational mode or not.

The first mode control instruction <NUM> instructs the mobile device <NUM> to change operational modes to Mode B. However, since the mobile device <NUM> is still operating in Mode A, the first mode control instruction <NUM> is still sent in Mode B.

Once the first mode control signal <NUM> has been received by the mobile device <NUM>, the mobile device <NUM> and base station <NUM> engage in data transmission, passing various data and control signals <NUM> using the newly instructed mode (i.e., mode B in this embodiment).

The duration of the data transmission <NUM> can be fixed or vary, depending upon the embodiment. Regardless, at some point, the base station <NUM> will make a signal quality determination <NUM> of a signal received from the mobile device <NUM>. This can be a measure of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), signal-to-interference-plus- noise ratio (SINR), signal power, a quality of service (QoS) requirement, or some other measure of signal quality. In alternate unclaimed embodiments a determination of properties other than signal quality could be made, if such properties were relevant to a change in modes. For example, in some unclaimed embodiments the base station <NUM> could consider data relating to the remaining battery power of a given mobile device <NUM> to determine whether the mobile device <NUM> should be transitioned to a lower power operational mode. In other unclaimed embodiments it might consider the current level of network congestion to determine whether the mobile device <NUM> should be transitioned to a different operational mode.

Once the signal quality determination <NUM> (or other parameter determination) is completed, the base station <NUM> will determine what the proper new mode should be (i.e., whether to retain the current operational mode or whether to switch to a different operational mode), and sends a second mode control instruction <NUM> indicating what the new operational mode ought to be. Again, since the mobile device <NUM> is still operating in the current operational mode (i.e., Mode A at this point in operation), the second mode control instruction <NUM> must be in the current operational mode, regardless of what mode it instructs the mobile device <NUM> to use.

As with the first mode control instruction <NUM>, in some embodiments the second mode control instruction <NUM> might only be sent if there is a change in operational modes (e.g., from Mode B to Mode A). In other embodiments the second mode control instruction <NUM> might be sent always to indicate the current operational mode, regardless of whether it involved a change of operational mode or not.

As noted above, in one embodiment Mode A is a half-duplex mode and Mode B is a full duplex mode. The half-duplex mode of operation (Mode A) is used by the mobile device <NUM> to secure initial contact with the base station <NUM>, after which the mobile device moves to a full duplex mode of operation (Mode B) for later transmissions.

Once the second mode control signal <NUM> has been received by the mobile device <NUM>, the mobile device <NUM> and base station <NUM> engage in data transmission, passing various data and control signals <NUM> using the newly instructed mode (i.e., mode A in this embodiment).

This process of signal quality determination and passing of mode control instructions can be repeated as many times as desired during device operation.

In some alternate embodiments either the initial request or some portion of the data/control signals <NUM> might include a specific request from the mobile device to change operational modes. In this case, the first or second mode control instructions <NUM> and <NUM> may be in whole or in part a response to this explicit request from the mobile device <NUM>. However, it is also possible for the mobile device <NUM> to request a particular operational mode only to have the base station <NUM> decide not to permit that mode for reasons known to the base station <NUM>. In this case the base station <NUM> would either not provide any mode control instructions, or instruct that a different operational mode be used.

<FIG> is a flow chart of the operation of the mobile device of <FIG> according to a disclosed embodiment.

As shown in <FIG>, the mode controlling process <NUM> begins when the mobile device <NUM> sends an initial request for communication to the base station <NUM>. (<NUM>) This initial request could come, for example, when the mobile device <NUM> is first turned on in an area controlled by a given base station <NUM> (e.g., a pentagonal cell area <NUM>). It will generally be sent in an initial mode that is preset and known by the base station <NUM> and all potential mobile devices <NUM>.

Some time after it has sent the initial request for communication (<NUM>), the mobile device <NUM> will receive a mode control instruction from the base station <NUM>. (<NUM>) This corresponds to the first mode control instruction <NUM> from <FIG>, and provides the mobile device <NUM> with instructions regarding in what mode it should proceed to operate.

The mobile device <NUM> will then read the mode control instruction and determine what the newly assigned operational mode is. (<NUM>) If it is a first mode, the mobile device <NUM> will set the device to operate in the first mode. (<NUM>) If it is a second mode, the mobile device <NUM> will set the device to operate in the second mode. (<NUM>) In the embodiment disclosed in <FIG>, setting the device to operate in an appropriate mode (<NUM> or <NUM>) involves having the switch controller <NUM> provide an appropriate switch control signal, transmitter mode control signal, and receiver mode control signal to control the operation of the antenna switch <NUM>, the transmitter switch <NUM>, and the receiver switch <NUM> to provide appropriate connections for the assigned operational mode. If the assigned mode is for some reason the current mode, then no additional action is necessary.

In an embodiment with additional operational modes, a more complex determination of assigned mode (<NUM>) will be performed, and additional processes for configuring the device according to the assigned operational mode will be provided.

Once the operational mode is set (<NUM>, <NUM>), the mobile device <NUM> proceeds to transmit and receive data in its currently-assigned operational mode. (<NUM>) This data can include a request sent from the mobile device <NUM> to the base station <NUM> requesting that the mobile device <NUM> be assigned a different mode.

As the mobile device <NUM> is transmitting and receiving in its currently-assigned operational mode (<NUM>), it will continually determine whether a new mode control instruction has been received (<NUM>) and whether the device is done with transmissions. (<NUM>) These two operations can be performed in any order, and may even be performed in parallel.

If new mode control instructions have been received (<NUM>), the mobile device <NUM> will again receive and process these instructions (<NUM>), determine the new mode (<NUM>), and continue operation from that point.

If the transmission is not done (<NUM>) the mobile device continues to transmit and receive data in the current mode. (<NUM>) If the transmission is done (<NUM>), processing ends for the mobile device <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the initial request for communication (<NUM>) is sent in a half-duplex mode, and the mode control instruction (<NUM>) instructs the mobile device <NUM> to switch to a full duplex mode.

In some embodiments, either the initial request for communication (<NUM>) or the data transmitted in the current mode (<NUM>) may include a request from the mobile device <NUM> that it operate in a particular mode. For example, the mobile device <NUM> may wish to conserve battery power and enter into an operational mode that consumes less power, regardless of whether current signal quality might allow a higher power mode. In such embodiments the base station <NUM> will consider these requests when determining the new mode and may or may not allow the mode switch.

As shown in <FIG>, a method is provided for controlling operation of a wireless device. This method includes transmitting an initial signal to a controller device in a first operational mode; receiving initial instructions from the controller device in the first operational mode, after transmitting the initial signal, the initial instructions identifying a second operational mode; setting transmit and receive circuitry in the wireless device to transmit and receive according to the second operational mode; and transmitting operational signals in the second operational mode.

The initial signal may include a request for assignment of a specific mode. The second operational mode may be one of a full duplex mode or a half-duplex mode.

The method may further include determining whether the second operational mode is different from the first operational mode. In this case, the operation of setting transmit and receive circuitry in the wireless device to transmit and receive according to the second operational mode may only be performed if the second operational mode is determined to be different than the first operational mode.

The method may further include receiving new instructions from the controller device in the second operational mode, after transmitting the operational signals, the new instructions identifying a third operational mode; setting the transmit and receive circuitry in the wireless device to transmit and receive according to the third operational mode; and transmitting new signals in the third operational mode.

The receiving new instructions, setting the transmit and receive circuitry, and transmitting new signals may be periodically repeated, the third operational mode from a previous iteration being considered the second operational mode for new iteration. The method may be implemented in an integrated circuit device.

<FIG> is a flow chart of the operation of the base station of <FIG> according to a disclosed embodiment.

As shown in <FIG>, the base station <NUM> first receives an initial communication from a mobile device <NUM> as an incoming signal. (<NUM>) This initial communication can be an initial request to join a network or some other sort of communication signal.

The base station <NUM> then determines a signal metric of the incoming signal. (<NUM>) In the circuit of <FIG>, this can be performed in the measuring circuit <NUM>. Exemplary signal metrics include SNR, SIR, SINR, signal power, a QoS requirement, or any desired signal metric. In alternate embodiments the determination of different operational metrics other than a signal metric could be made, if such operational metrics were relevant to a change in modes. For example, in some embodiments the base station <NUM> could consider device metrics relating to the remaining battery power of a given mobile device <NUM> to determine whether the mobile device <NUM> should be transitioned to a lower power operational mode. In other embodiments the base station <NUM> could consider network metrics such as the congestion level in the network. For example, in off-peak hours, the network may request that the mobile device <NUM> operate in half-duplex mode, while during peak hours, the mobile device <NUM> might operate in full-duplex mode.

After determining the signal metric (<NUM>), the base station <NUM> then determines where the signal metric falls. (<NUM>) If it falls within a first range of values then the base station <NUM> determines that the mobile device <NUM> should operate in a first operational mode (<NUM>); and if it falls within a second range of values then the base station <NUM> determines that the mobile device <NUM> should operate in a second operational mode (<NUM>). If different metrics were used for the mode determination, this operation would analyze those properties.

The base station <NUM> then determines whether the incoming signal includes a request for a different mode of operation. (<NUM>) If the incoming signal does include such a request, the base station <NUM> then determines whether this request is acceptable. (<NUM>) This determination of acceptability could be made based on the signal metric determination (i.e., is the signal too weak for the requested mode), network parameters (i.e., is the network too busy for the requested mode), or any other desirable criteria.

If there is both a request for a specific mode (<NUM>) and the mode is determined to be acceptable (<NUM>), the base station changes its determination of mode to the mode requested by the mobile device <NUM>. (<NUM>) In some cases this may not involve a change, since the mobile device <NUM> might have requested the same mode that the base station <NUM> determined based on the signal metric analysis.

Regardless of how the new operational mode is determined, the base station <NUM> then sends a set of instructions to the mobile device <NUM> to operate in the determined mode.

The base station <NUM> and the mobile device <NUM> can then engage in transmitting and receiving data in the determined mode for a time. (<NUM>) periodically the base station <NUM> can check whether the mode needs to be updated. (<NUM>) This determination could be based on time (i.e., an update is done according to a certain period), based on a request from the mobile device <NUM>, or any other desired criteria.

If the mode should be updated (<NUM>), the base station once more determines a signal metric of the most recent incoming signal (<NUM>) and repeats the steps following that determination.

If the mode need not be updated (<NUM>), the base station <NUM> determines whether the transmission is completed. (<NUM>) If so, the process ends. (<NUM>) If not, the base station <NUM> continues to transmit and receive with the mobile device <NUM> (<NUM>) until it is once again time to determine whether the mode should be updated.

Although the determination of whether a transmission is completed (<NUM>) is shown as being performed after the determination of whether a mode should be updated (<NUM>), these need not be performed in that order. In fact, in some embodiments they can be performed in parallel.

Likewise, although shown as taking place right after the signal metric determination (<NUM>-<NUM>), the steps of processing a remote request can be performed at varying times throughout signal processing, as desired. In alternate embodiments in which no mode requests are ever made from a mobile device <NUM>, the steps of processing the remote request may be removed.

Although the systems and methods shown above have the various modes of operation changing based on certain fixed thresholds or ranges of the signal metric, in some embodiments the mode switching can have some kind of hysteresis. In other words, the thresholds to change modes can be slightly different depending upon which direction the mode change is being made (i.e. from Mode A to Mode B or Mode B to Mode A), to prevent multiple rapid mode changes when the signal metric is near a threshold or boundary.

As shown in <FIG>, a method for controlling operation of a wireless device is provided. The method includes receiving an initial incoming signal from a remote device in a first operational mode; determining a first operational metric; determining that a second operational mode will be a first possible mode if the first operational metric is within a first range; determining that the second operational mode will be a second possible mode if the first operational metric is within a second range; and transmitting instructions to the remote device in the first operational mode to transmit and receive in the second operational mode.

The first operational metric may be a signal metric of the initial incoming signal, more specifically one of a signal-to-noise ratio of the initial signal, signal-to-interference ratio of the initial signal, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the initial signal, and signal power of the initial signal. The first operational metric may also be a network metric indicating a network congestion level.

The method may further include receiving an operational incoming signal from a remote device in the second operational mode after transmitting the instructions to the remote device; determining a second operational signal metric of the initial incoming signal; determining that a third operational mode will be the first possible mode if the second operational signal metric is within the first range; determining that the third operational mode will be the second possible mode if the second operational signal metric is within the second range; transmitting instructions to the remote device in the second operational mode to transmit and receive in the third operational mode.

The receiving of the operational incoming signal, the determining of the second operational signal metric, the determining that the third operational mode will be the first possible mode if the second operational signal metric is within the first range, the determining that the third operational mode will be the second mode if the second operational signal metric is within the second range, and the transmitting the instructions to the remote device are periodically repeated, the third operational mode from a previous iteration being considered the second operational mode for new iteration.

The method may further include receiving an operational incoming signal from a remote device in the second operational mode after transmitting the instructions to the remote device, the operational incoming signal including a request for assignment of a requested mode; determining whether the requested mode is an appropriate mode; setting a third operational mode to be the requested mode if the requested mode is appropriate; setting the third operational mode to be an alternate mode if the requested mode is not appropriate; and transmitting instructions to the remote device in the second operational mode to transmit and receive in the third operational mode.

Another method for controlling operation of a wireless device is provided. This method includes receiving an initial incoming signal from a remote device in a first operational mode, the initial incoming signal includes a request for assignment of a requested mode; determining whether the requested mode is an appropriate mode; setting a second operational mode to be the requested mode if the requested mode is appropriate; setting the second operational mode to be an alternate mode if the requested mode is not appropriate; and transmitting instructions to the remote device in the first operational mode to transmit and receive in the second operational mode.

The determining of whether the requested mode is an appropriate mode may be performed based on a signal metric of the initial incoming signal.

By dynamically switching modes in a mobile device, the system methods described above can effectively increase the gain on a reverse link of the mobile device, and can effectively increase the power to the antenna. In particular, in the LTE embodiment disclosed above, in which a duplexer is dynamically switched in and out of operation, the system and methods can provide a <NUM> dB gain on the reverse link and by providing a <NUM>. 5dB gain on the antenna. Furthermore, the mode switch can lengthen the battery life of a mobile device by minimizing the implementation loss within the mobile device by <NUM>.

Claim 1:
A method (<NUM>), comprising:
at a mobile device (<NUM>);
setting the mobile device (<NUM>) to operate in a first operational mode that is a default mode for sending association requests to a base station (<NUM>);
sending (<NUM>) an association request (<NUM>) to the base station (<NUM>) while operating in the first operational mode;
in response to sending (<NUM>) the association request (<NUM>), receiving (<NUM>) a first mode control instruction (<NUM>) from the base station (<NUM>) operating in the first operational mode, wherein the first mode control instruction (<NUM>) includes an instruction for the mobile device (<NUM>) to switch to a second operational mode;
setting (<NUM>) the mobile device (<NUM>) to operate in the second operational mode;
sending (<NUM>) additional signals (<NUM>) to the base station (<NUM>) while operating in the second operational mode; and
receiving (<NUM>) a second mode control instruction (<NUM>) from the base station (<NUM>), the receiving of the second mode control instruction being performed in connection with the completion of a signal quality determination (<NUM>) by the base station;
the first operational mode and the second operational mode being respectively a full duplex and half-duplex LTE modes.