Patent Description:
This application relates to the radio frequency conduction test technology, and in particular, to a radio frequency conduction test method and a related apparatus.

It is well known that a process of producing wireless terminal products is not simple, and various tests need to be performed on wireless terminal products to ensure that these wireless terminal products are fully functional. For example, a process of producing mobile phones includes board surface mounting (Surface Mount Technology, SMT), board functional test (Functional Test, FT), assembly, preprocessing (Assembly), man-machine interface (Man-Machine Interface, MMI) test, and the like. During processing of boards of wireless terminal products, generally a conduction test on radio frequency indicators of boards needs to be performed.

In the prior art, a radio frequency conduction test is typically performed using a radio frequency test probe and a radio frequency switch test socket. However, the radio frequency switch test socket is generally of no other use after completion of the test. Radio frequency switch test sockets, when provided in a large quantity on a board, not only occupy layout area of the board but also increase device costs of a product.

<CIT> discloses a radio-frequency circuit board and a manufacturing method thereof, relates to the technical field of radio frequency and solves the problem of inaccurate test for prior radio-frequency circuit board when a radio-frequency switch is directly removed.

<CIT> a discloses a radio frequency circuit testing device and a testing method thereof. The device comprises a short circuit bonding pad combination, a radio frequency circuit module, an antenna module and a test circuit module, wherein the short circuit bonding pad combination comprises a plurality of mutually independent feed points.

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a radio frequency conduction test method and a related apparatus that can use an existing device pad on a board to perform a radio frequency conduction test and can weld a to-be-welded serial device to this device pad after completion of the test without needing to use a radio frequency switch test socket any more, thereby saving layout area of the board and reducing device costs.

According to a first aspect, this application provides a radio frequency conduction test method in accordance with appended claim <NUM>.

In the technical solution provided in this application, before the radio frequency conduction test, a specific serial device in a radio frequency circuit is not welded, during the radio frequency conduction test, a test signal on a first pad for this serial device is transmitted to the radio frequency test probe (the test signal is not transmitted to a second pad for the serial device) and then transmitted to a radio frequency test instrument for testing, and after completion of the radio frequency conduction test, the serial device is welded to the first pad and the second pad. Because the serial device, the first pad, and the second pad themselves are the component and pads required by the radio frequency circuit to perform the radio frequency function, a new device for performing the radio frequency conduction test does not need to be added in this embodiment of this application, for example, a device such as a point for testing, a pad, or a zero-ohm resistor, that is specially used for testing. In this way, device costs are reduced, and layout of the point for testing, pad, or zero-ohm resistor that is used for testing does not need to be considered, also saving layout area of the board.

With reference to the first aspect, after the moving a radio frequency test probe to a first pad of a board, the test signal in the radio frequency test probe is transmitted to a radio frequency test instrument via an impedance conversion apparatus. In the technical solution provided in this application, the impedance conversion apparatus may be added so as to implement conversion of contact impedance into characteristic impedance between the radio frequency test probe and the first pad, thereby improving accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test.

With reference to the first aspect, after the moving a radio frequency test probe to a first pad of a board, the test signal in the radio frequency test probe is transmitted to a radio frequency test instrument via the impedance conversion apparatus and a directional coupler.

In the technical solution provided in this application, the apparatus directional coupler may be added in addition to the impedance conversion apparatus, so as to implement reflection power monitoring and transmission power compensation, thereby improving accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test.

With reference to the first aspect, a straight-through output port of the directional coupler is connected to a first measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument, and a coupling output port of the directional coupler is connected to a second measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument.

In the technical solution provided in this application, most test signals are output from the straight-through output port, a small amount of test signals are output from the coupling output port, and hardly any signals are output from an isolation port. Output power of an impedance path can be measured through the straight-through output port, and reflection power can be measured through the coupling output port, so as to implement transmission power compensation, thereby improving accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the radio frequency test probe and/or the first pad is treated with nickel and gold plating.

In the technical solution provided in this application, the radio frequency test probe and/or the first pad may be treated with nickel and gold plating, so that the radio frequency test probe can have good contact with the first pad during the radio frequency conduction test, thereby improving accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, after the moving a radio frequency test probe to a first pad of a board, the method further includes: enabling a first portion of the radio frequency test probe to be in contact with a second portion of the first pad, where the first portion and/or the second portion is treated with nickel and gold plating.

In the technical solution provided in this application, the contact portion of the radio frequency test probe and the contact portion of the first pad during the radio frequency conduction test are treated with nickel and gold plating, so that the test signal can be better transmitted from the radio frequency test probe to the first pad, thereby improving accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the welding the serial device to the first pad and the second pad includes: welding the serial device to the first pad and the second pad through low-temperature reflow soldering or laser welding.

In the technical solution provided in this application, the serial device is welded to the board through welding such as low-temperature reflow soldering or laser welding to obtain the board that has been subjected to the radio frequency conduction test, and this board has no other useless device, thereby saving layout area of the board.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, a center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad is not less than <NUM> millimeter and not greater than <NUM> millimeters.

In the technical solution provided in this application, reasonable setting of the center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad can avoid unintended contact of the radio frequency test probe and the second pad during the radio frequency conduction test.

According to a second aspect, this application provides a radio frequency conduction test system in accordance with appended claim <NUM>.

With reference to the second aspect, the system further includes an impedance conversion apparatus that is connected to the radio frequency test probe and to the directional coupler, where the impedance conversion apparatus is configured to transmit the test signal in the radio frequency test probe to the radio frequency test instrument.

With reference to the second aspect, the system further includes an impedance conversion apparatus and a directional coupler, where the impedance conversion apparatus is connected to the radio frequency test probe and the directional coupler, the directional coupler is further connected to the radio frequency test instrument, the impedance conversion apparatus is configured to transmit the test signal in the radio frequency test probe to the directional coupler, and the directional coupler is configured to transmit the test signal to the radio frequency test instrument.

With reference to the second aspect, a straight-through output port of the directional coupler is connected to a first measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument, and a coupling output port of the directional coupler is connected to a second measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument.

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, the radio frequency test probe and/or the first pad is treated with nickel and gold plating.

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation of the second aspect, a center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad is not less than <NUM> millimeter and not greater than <NUM> millimeters.

It can be understood that the radio frequency conduction test system provided in the second aspect is used to perform the radio frequency conduction test method provided in the first aspect. Therefore, for beneficial effects that can be achieved by the radio frequency conduction test system, reference may be made to the beneficial effects of the radio frequency conduction test method provided in the first aspect, and details are not described herein again.

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some but not all of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this application and without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

For ease of understanding by persons skilled in the art, some terms and the related art used in this application are described first.

Characteristic impedance, also referred to as "natural impedance", is not direct current resistance and is a concept in long wire transmission. In a high frequency range, during signal transmission, a transient current is generated due to establishment of an electric field between a signal line and a reference plane (power source or horizontal plane) along a place at which the signal arrives. If the transmission line is isotropic, there is always a current I as long as the signal is being transmitted, and if an output level of the signal is V, during the signal transmission, the transmission line will be equivalent to a resistor with a magnitude of V/I. This equivalent resistance is referred to as characteristic impedance Z of the transmission line. During signal transmission, when characteristic impedance on the transmission path changes, the signal is reflected at a node with discontinuous impedance. There are two kinds of characteristic impedance in radio frequency devices in wireless communication systems, one being <NUM> S2 and used in systems such as military microwave, GSM, and WCDMA, and the other being <NUM> S2 and used in cable television systems, which is less commonly used.

Reflow soldering technology is a soldering technology used in the manufacturing field, and elements on boards of many electronic devices can be soldered to circuit boards by using this process. There are low temperature solder paste and high temperature solder paste in the reflow soldering process. Literally, "high temperature" and "low temperature" refer to a difference in melting point between these two types of solder paste. Generally speaking, a conventional melting point in reflow soldering is above <NUM>, but a melting point of conventional low temperature solder paste is <NUM>. The high temperature solder paste is suitable for high temperature soldering of elements and PCBs; and the low temperature solder paste is suitable for those elements or PCBs that cannot withstand high temperature soldering, for example, soldering of radiator module, soldering of LEDs, and high-frequency soldering. The low temperature solder paste is used in a low-temperature reflow soldering technology, and the high temperature solder paste is used in a high-temperature reflow soldering technology.

Microstrip line is a microwave transmission line formed by a single conductor belt supported by a dielectric substrate and is suitable for making transmission line in plane structure of a microwave integrated circuit. Compared with metallic waveguide, the microstrip line has small size, light weight, wide frequency band use, high reliability, low manufacturing costs, and the like, but has slightly larger loss and small power capacity.

Directional coupler is a universal microwave/millimeter wave component and can be used for isolation, separation, and mixing of signals, for example, power monitoring, amplitude stabilizing of source output power, signal source isolation, and sweep test on transmission and reflection. Main technical indicators of a directional coupler are directivity, standing wave ratio, coupling degree, and insertion loss.

According to the foregoing description, during processing of boards of wireless terminal products, generally a conduction test on radio frequency indicators of boards needs to be performed to ensure that the wireless terminal products produced are fully functional, for example, ensuring that the wireless terminal products can be smoothly connected to a network. It can be understood that the wireless terminal products include but are not limited to mobile phones, tablet computers, speaker boxes, smart watches, and other terminals.

As shown in <FIG> which is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims, a radio frequency conduction test is performed using a radio frequency test switch socket. The radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG> includes a board <NUM>, a radio frequency test probe <NUM>, a radio frequency cable <NUM>, and a radio frequency test instrument <NUM>, where the board <NUM> includes a panel <NUM>, a radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, a signal transmission line <NUM>, a radio frequency switch test socket <NUM>, and a radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>. It can be understood that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> are all welded to the panel <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> also via the signal transmission line <NUM>. During the radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> via the radio frequency cable <NUM>.

It should be noted that the panel <NUM> is a circuit board without any circuit device or chip welded, the board <NUM> may be a circuit board with a component and/or chip welded, such circuit board includes but is not limited to a ceramic circuit board, an alumina ceramic circuit board, an aluminum nitride ceramic circuit board, a line board, a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), an aluminum substrate, a high-frequency board, a thick copper board, an impedance board, an ultra-thin line board, an ultra-thin circuit board, and a printed (using copper etching technology) circuit board, and the signal transmission line <NUM> includes but is not limited to a microstrip line.

It can be understood that, in addition to the panel <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, the board <NUM> may include other components and signal transmission lines, where the signal transmission line includes but is not limited to a microstrip line.

It should also be noted that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> refers to a partial circuit between an antenna and an intermediate frequency (or a baseband) circuit, and signals are transmitted in the form of radio frequency in this section of circuit. For a wireless receiver, a radio frequency front-end typically includes an amplifier, a filter, a converter, and some radio frequency connecting and matching circuits. The radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> includes but is not limited to an antenna matching circuit.

Further, as shown in <FIG> that is a schematic principle diagram of a radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims, the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM> includes two connecting elastic pieces: a first connecting elastic piece <NUM> and a second connecting elastic piece <NUM>, where the first connecting elastic piece <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the second connecting elastic piece <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>. When not subjected to an external force, the first connecting elastic piece <NUM> and the second connecting elastic piece <NUM> are in contact with each other. In this case, a test signal can be transmitted from the radio frequency front-end circuit to the first connecting elastic piece <NUM> and then transmitted to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> via the second connecting elastic piece <NUM>, ensuring normal working of the circuits on the board <NUM>.

During the radio frequency conduction test, as shown in <FIG> that is a schematic principle diagram of another radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is pressed down to contact the connecting elastic piece <NUM> and separate the connecting elastic piece <NUM> from the connecting elastic piece <NUM>. In this case, the first connecting elastic piece <NUM> and the second connecting elastic piece <NUM> are not in contact, and the test signal cannot be transmitted from the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> to the second connecting elastic piece <NUM> via the first connecting elastic piece <NUM>, but is transmitted from the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> to the radio frequency test probe <NUM> via the first connecting elastic piece <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the test signal is transmitted to the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and then finally transmitted to the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> through the radio frequency cable <NUM>, and the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> completes the radio frequency conduction test. After completion of the radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency switch test socket <NUM> is restored to the state shown in <FIG>.

However, a radio frequency switch test socket is mainly used for a radio frequency conduction test during production and processing of boards, and the radio frequency switch test socket is generally of no other use after completion of the radio frequency conduction test. A relatively large number of radio frequency switch test sockets provided on a board not only occupy layout area of the board, but also increase device costs of a product.

Based on the foregoing content, embodiments of this application provide a radio frequency conduction test method and a related apparatus that can use a device pad to perform a radio frequency conduction test, without needing to add a radio frequency switch test socket, thereby saving layout area of the board and reducing device costs.

The following describes a system used in an embodiment of this application first. This embodiment of this application provides a radio frequency conduction test system. The system includes a board, a radio frequency test probe, and a radio frequency test instrument, where the board includes a radio frequency circuit, a first pad, and a second pad, where the radio frequency circuit includes a radio frequency front-end circuit and a radio frequency back-end circuit, the first pad is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the second pad is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit, the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit are in an off state, and the first pad and the second pad are pads for a serial device to be welded into the radio frequency circuit; the radio frequency test probe is configured to transmit a test signal on the first pad to the radio frequency test instrument; and the radio frequency test instrument is configured to test the test signal.

For example, <FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of another radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims. The radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG> includes a board <NUM>, a radio frequency test probe <NUM>, a radio frequency cable <NUM>, and a radio frequency test instrument <NUM>, where the board <NUM> includes a panel <NUM>, a radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, a signal transmission line <NUM>, a device pad <NUM>, a radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, and a to-be-welded serial device <NUM>. It can be understood that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the device pad <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> are all welded to the panel <NUM>, and the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> is to be welded to the device pad <NUM>, that is, the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> currently is not welded to the panel <NUM> and has no connection relationship with other devices on the panel <NUM>. The radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> is connected to the device pad <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the device pad <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> also via the signal transmission line <NUM>. During a radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> via the radio frequency cable <NUM>.

In addition, the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> is provided with two measurement ports: a first measurement port <NUM> and a second measurement port <NUM>, and both of the two measurement ports can be used for radio frequency conduction measurement. The radio frequency test instrument <NUM> is further provided with a display <NUM>, where the display <NUM> is capable of displaying parameters tested in the radio frequency conduction test, for example, power, voltage, and impedance. It can be understood that the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> may further include other components (for example, other buttons and interfaces), which is not specifically described herein.

It should be noted that the panel <NUM> is a circuit board without any circuit device or chip welded, the board <NUM> may be a circuit board with a component and/or chip welded, such circuit board includes but is not limited to a ceramic circuit board, an alumina ceramic circuit board, an aluminum nitride ceramic circuit board, a line board, a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), an aluminum substrate, a high-frequency board, a thick copper board, an impedance board, an ultra-thin line board, an ultra-thin circuit board, and a printed (using copper etching technology) circuit board, the device pad <NUM> may include but is not limited to a patch PAD, and the signal transmission line <NUM> includes but is not limited to a microstrip line.

It can be understood that, in addition to the panel <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the device pad <NUM>, the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, and the to-be-welded serial device <NUM>, the board <NUM> may include other circuit modules, where the circuit modules may include one or more components and signal transmission lines, and the signal transmission line includes but is not limited to a microstrip line.

It should also be noted that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> refers to a partial circuit between an antenna and an intermediate frequency (or a baseband) circuit, and signals are transmitted in the form of radio frequency in this section of circuit. For a wireless receiver, a radio frequency front-end typically includes an amplifier, a filter, a converter, and some radio frequency connecting and matching circuits. The radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> includes but is not limited to an antenna matching circuit. It can be understood that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> may have various forms in circuit structure. This is not limited in this application.

In addition, the device pad <NUM> is configured to connect the panel <NUM> and the to-be-welded serial device <NUM>. It can be understood that during the radio frequency conduction test in this embodiment of this application, the board <NUM> may not include the to-be-welded serial device <NUM>. It can be understood that the serial device is one or more components connected in series with other components, for example, the serial device includes but is not limited to a device such as a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor; and the radio frequency circuit refers to a section of circuit in which signals are transmitted in the form of radio frequency on the board <NUM>. In an embodiment of this application, the radio frequency circuit includes but is not limited to the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>.

Further, as shown in <FIG> that is a schematic principle diagram of another radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims, the device pad <NUM> includes a first pad <NUM> and a second pad <NUM>, where the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> are not electrically connected (for example, the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> are not welded together), and therefore the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> are in an off state. It can be understood that the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> shown in <FIG> is a device to be welded to the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> shown in <FIG>.

During a radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is in contact with the first pad <NUM>, the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> are not electrically connected, that is, the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> are neither directly connected nor connected via an intermediate structure or through another manner, and a test signal of the radio frequency conduction test is on the first pad <NUM>. In this case, the test signal can be transmitted to the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> via the radio frequency test probe <NUM> through the radio frequency cable <NUM>, so as to implement the radio frequency conduction test.

After completion of the radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is moved away. In this case, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and the first pad <NUM> are not electrically connected (for example, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> leaves the first pad <NUM> for the device pad <NUM>), that is, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and the first pad <NUM> are neither directly connected nor connected via an intermediate structure or through another manner. The to-be-welded serial device <NUM> is welded to the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM>, for example, welded using a process such as low-temperature reflow. The first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> are connected via the welded serial device <NUM>, enabling the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> to be in an on state.

It can be understood that, for better transmission of the test signal on the first pad <NUM> to the radio frequency test probe <NUM>, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and/or the first pad <NUM> may be treated with nickel and gold plating, and optionally, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and/or the first pad <NUM> may alternatively be plated with another material, such as gold and nickel.

It should be noted that, in an embodiment of this application, a center-to-center distance between the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> is not less than <NUM> millimeter (<NUM> mil) and not greater than <NUM> millimeters (<NUM> mil). In another embodiment of this application, the center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad may alternatively be another value. This is not limited in this application. In addition, the first pad and the second pad may have various forms in size and type. This is not limited in this application.

According to the invention, an impedance conversion apparatus and a directional coupler are added to improve accuracy of a radio frequency conduction test. As shown in <FIG> which is a schematic structural diagram of another radio frequency conduction test system according to an embodiment of this application, the radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> includes a board <NUM>, a radio frequency test probe <NUM>, a radio frequency cable <NUM>, an impedance conversion apparatus <NUM>, a directional coupler <NUM>, and a radio frequency test instrument <NUM>. According to the foregoing description, the board <NUM> includes a panel <NUM>, a radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, a signal transmission line <NUM>, a device pad <NUM>, a radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, and a to-be-welded serial device <NUM>. It can be understood that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the device pad <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> are all welded to the panel <NUM>, and the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> is to be welded to the device pad <NUM>, that is, the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> currently is not welded to the panel <NUM> and has no connection relationship with other devices on the panel <NUM>. The radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> is connected to the device pad <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the device pad <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> also via the signal transmission line <NUM>. During a radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is connected to the impedance conversion apparatus <NUM> via the radio frequency cable <NUM>, the impedance conversion apparatus <NUM> is connected to the directional coupler <NUM> via the radio frequency cable <NUM>, and the directional coupler <NUM> is then connected to the radio frequency test instrument <NUM> via the radio frequency cable <NUM>.

It can be understood that, for structures of the board <NUM> and the radio frequency test instrument <NUM>, reference may be made to the above related description about the radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG>; and for a structure of the device pad <NUM>, reference may be made to the above related description of <FIG>.

It should be noted that the impedance conversion apparatus <NUM> includes an impedance conversion circuit, and the impedance conversion circuit can convert impedance between the radio frequency test probe <NUM> and the first pad <NUM> into characteristic impedance. In an embodiment of this application, the characteristic impedance is <NUM> ohms. It can be understood that a specific circuit in the impedance conversion apparatus <NUM> may be changed based on actual needs. For example, a circuit structure in the impedance conversion apparatus <NUM> may be changed to implement conversion into characteristic impedance.

It should also be noted that the directional coupler <NUM> can be used to implement reflection power monitoring and transmission power compensation. This is because during a general radio frequency conduction test (for example, when a radio frequency conduction test is performed using the radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG>), some transmission power (for example, reflection power) cannot be transmitted, leading to low accuracy of results obtained using a radio frequency measuring instrument, and the directional coupler <NUM> may solve this problem to some extent. Specifically, the directional coupler <NUM> has four ports: an input port <NUM>, an isolation port <NUM>, a coupling output port <NUM>, and a straight-through output port <NUM>, where the coupling output port <NUM> is connected to the second measurement port <NUM> of the radio frequency test instrument <NUM>, and the straight-through output port <NUM> is connected to the first measurement port <NUM> of the radio frequency test instrument <NUM>. Test signals are input from the input port <NUM> of the directional coupler <NUM>, most test signals are output from the straight-through output port <NUM>, a small amount of test signals are output from the coupling output port <NUM>, and hardly any signals are output from the isolation port <NUM> (in ideal cases, no test signal is output from the isolation port of the directional coupler, achieving ideal isolation; and in actual cases, leakage is present at the isolation port). Output power of an impedance path can be measured through the straight-through output port <NUM>, and reflection power can be measured through the coupling output port <NUM>, so as to implement transmission power compensation. Compared with the radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG>, the radio frequency conduction test system <NUM> shown in <FIG> improves accuracy of the radio frequency conduction test. It can be understood that the directional coupler <NUM> may be different types of directional couplers (such as a standard directional coupler and a double directional coupler). For example, the directional coupler <NUM> may be different types of directional couplers that can implement reflection power measurement. This is not limited in this application.

Optionally, the radio frequency test system may not include the impedance conversion apparatus or the directional coupler (as shown in <FIG>), or may alternatively include at least one of the impedance conversion apparatus or the directional coupler (as shown in <FIG>), or may alternatively include another apparatus or device (for example, another device or apparatus that can improve accuracy of radio frequency conduction tests). This is not limited in this application.

An embodiment of this application further provides a board for radio frequency conduction test. The board includes a radio frequency circuit, a first pad, and a second pad, where the radio frequency circuit includes a radio frequency front-end circuit and a radio frequency back-end circuit, the first pad is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the second pad is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit, the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit are in an off state, the first pad and the second pad are pads for a serial device to be welded into the radio frequency circuit, and a test signal on the first pad is used by a radio frequency test probe for a radio frequency conduction test.

It can be understood that, for the frequency circuit, the first pad, the second pad, and the serial device, reference may be made to the related descriptions with respect to <FIG>, <FIG>; and the board may be the board that includes the panel <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the device pad <NUM> (including the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM>), the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, and the to-be-welded serial device <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, <FIG>, or the board may alternatively be another board that has the above structure and connection relationship and that can be applied to a board for radio frequency conduction test.

It can be understood that the first pad of the board may be treated with nickel and gold plating, and optionally, the first pad may alternatively be plated with another material, such as gold and nickel.

It should be noted that, in an embodiment of this application, a center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad is not less than <NUM> millimeter (<NUM> mil) and not greater than <NUM> millimeters (<NUM> mil). In another embodiment of this application, the center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad may alternatively be another value. This is not limited in this application. In addition, the first pad and the second pad may have various forms in size and type. This is not limited in this application.

An embodiment of this application further provides a board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test. The board includes a radio frequency circuit, a first pad, a second pad, and a serial device, where the radio frequency circuit includes a radio frequency front-end circuit and a radio frequency back-end circuit, the first pad is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the second pad is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit, and the serial device is a device that is welded to the first pad and the second pad in the radio frequency circuit.

For example, as shown in <FIG> which is a schematic structural diagram of a board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test according to an embodiment of this application, the board <NUM> shown in <FIG> includes a panel <NUM>, a radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, a signal transmission line <NUM>, a serial device <NUM>, a device pad <NUM>, and a radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>. It can be understood that the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the device pad <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> are all welded to the panel <NUM>, the serial device <NUM> is welded to the device pad <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> is connected to the device pad <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the device pad <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> also via the signal transmission line <NUM>.

It can be understood that, in addition to the panel <NUM>, the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the signal transmission line <NUM>, the serial device <NUM>, the device pad <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>, the board <NUM> may further include other circuit modules, where the circuit modules may include one or more components and signal transmission lines.

In addition, the device pad <NUM> is configured to connect the panel <NUM> and the serial device <NUM>, and the serial device <NUM> is one or more components connected in series with other components, for example, the serial device includes but is not limited to a device such as a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor. The radio frequency circuit refers to a section of circuit in which signals are transmitted in the form of radio frequency on the board <NUM>. In an embodiment of this application, the radio frequency circuit includes but is not limited to the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM>.

For example, as shown in <FIG> that is a schematic structural diagram of another board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test according to an embodiment of this application, the device pad <NUM> includes a first pad <NUM> and a second pad <NUM>, where the first pad <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, the second pad <NUM> is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> via the signal transmission line <NUM>, and the serial device <NUM> is welded to the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM>. When the board <NUM> is working, a signal on the board <NUM> is transmitted from the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM> to the first pad <NUM> through the signal transmission line <NUM>, then to the second pad <NUM> through the serial device <NUM>, and then transmitted to the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> through the signal transmission line <NUM>.

It can be understood that the first pad <NUM> of the board <NUM> that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test may be treated with nickel and gold plating, and optionally, the first pad <NUM> may alternatively be plated with another material, such as gold and nickel.

It should be noted that, in an embodiment of this application, a center-to-center distance between the first pad <NUM> and the second pad <NUM> is not less than <NUM> millimeter (<NUM> mil) and not greater than <NUM> millimeters (<NUM> mil). In another embodiment of this application, the center-to-center distance between the first pad and the second pad may alternatively be another value. This is not limited in this application. In addition, the first pad and the second pad may have various forms in size and type. This is not limited in this application. It can be understood that, in an embodiment of this application, the board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test may not include a radio frequency test switch socket. In another embodiment of this application, the board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test may alternatively be another board that has the above structure and connection relationship and that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test. This is not limited in this application.

This application further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test. As shown in <FIG> that is a schematic diagram of different terminals according to an embodiment of this application which is not covered by the claims, the terminal may be a terminal including the board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test, for example, a mobile phone, a PC, a tablet computer, a smart watch, and a smart speaker box.

For example, as shown in <FIG> which is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to this application which is not covered by the claims, the terminal includes the board that has been subjected to a radio frequency conduction test. The following describes the terminal <NUM> shown in <FIG> in detail.

The terminal <NUM> may include a processor <NUM>, an external memory interface <NUM>, an internal memory <NUM>, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface <NUM>, a charge management module <NUM>, a power management module <NUM>, a battery <NUM>, an antenna <NUM>, an antenna <NUM>, a mobile communication module <NUM>, a wireless communication module <NUM>, an audio module <NUM>, a speaker 1070A, a telephone receiver 1070B, a microphone 1070C, an earphone jack 1070D, a sensor module <NUM>, a button <NUM>, a motor <NUM>, an indicator <NUM>, a camera <NUM>, a display <NUM>, a subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface <NUM>, and the like. The sensor module <NUM> may include a pressure sensor 1080A, a gyro sensor 1080B, a barometric pressure sensor 1080C, a magnetic sensor 1080D, an acceleration sensor 1080E, a distance sensor 1080F, an optical proximity sensor <NUM>, a fingerprint sensor <NUM>, a temperature sensor 1080J, a touch sensor <NUM>, an ambient light sensor <NUM>, a bone conduction sensor <NUM>, and the like.

It can be understood that a structure illustrated in this embodiment of this application does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal <NUM>. In some other embodiments of this application, the terminal <NUM> may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some of the components, split some of the components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented by using hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor <NUM> may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor <NUM> may include an application processor (Application Processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (Image Signal Processor, ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), a baseband processor, a neural-network processing unit (Neural-network Processing Unit, NPU), and/or the like. Different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated into one or more processors.

The controller may be a nerve center and command center of the terminal <NUM>. The controller may generate an operation control signal according to instruction operation code and a timing signal to complete control of instruction fetching and execution.

The processor <NUM> may be further provided with a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor <NUM> is a cache. The memory may store instructions or data just used or repeatedly used by the processor <NUM>. If the processor <NUM> needs to use the instructions or data again, the processor <NUM> may directly invoke the instructions or data from the memory. This avoids repeated access and reduces waiting time of the processor <NUM>, thereby improving system efficiency.

The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (Inter-Integrated Circuit, I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (Inter-Integrated Circuit Sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (Pulse Code Modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (General-Purpose Input/output, GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (Subscriber Identity Module, SIM) interface, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface, and/or the like.

The I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus and includes a serial data line (Serial Data Line, SDA) and a serial clock line (Serial Clock Line, SCL). In some embodiments, the processor <NUM> may include a plurality of groups of I2C buses. The processor <NUM> may be coupled to the touch sensor <NUM>, a charger, a flash, the camera <NUM>, and the like through different I2C bus interfaces. For example, the processor <NUM> may be coupled to the touch sensor <NUM> through the I2C interface, so that the processor <NUM> communicates with the touch sensor <NUM> through the I2C bus interface to implement a touch function of the terminal <NUM>.

The I2S interface may be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor <NUM> may include a plurality of groups of I2S buses. The processor <NUM> may be coupled to the audio module <NUM> through an I2S bus to implement communication between the processor <NUM> and the audio module <NUM>. In some embodiments, the audio module <NUM> may transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module <NUM> through the I2S interface, so as to implement a function of answering calls through a Bluetooth earphone.

The PCM interface may also be used for audio communication for sampling, quantizing, and encoding on analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module <NUM> may be coupled to the wireless communication module <NUM> through a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module <NUM> may alternatively transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module <NUM> through the PCM interface, so as to implement the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth earphone. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface may be used for audio communication.

The UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication. The bus may be a bidirectional communication bus that switches transmission of to-be-transmitted data between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, the UART interface is typically configured to connect the processor <NUM> and the wireless communication module <NUM>. For example, the processor <NUM> communicates with a Bluetooth module of the wireless communication module <NUM> through the UART interface to implement a Bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module <NUM> may transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module <NUM> through the UART interface, so as to implement a function of playing music through a Bluetooth earphone.

The MIPI interface may be configured to connect the processor <NUM> and a peripheral device such as the display <NUM> and the camera <NUM>. The MIPI interface includes a camera serial interface (Camera Serial Interface, CSI, CSI), a display serial interface (Display Serial Interface, DSI, DSI), and the like. In some embodiments, the processor <NUM> communicates with the camera <NUM> through the CSI interface, so as to implement a shooting function of the terminal <NUM>. The processor <NUM> communicates with the display <NUM> through the DSI interface to implement a display function of the terminal <NUM>.

The GPIO interface may be configured by using software. The GPIO interface may be configured as a control signal interface or a data signal interface. In some embodiments, the GPIO interface may be configured to connect the processor <NUM> to the camera <NUM>, the display <NUM>, the wireless communication module <NUM>, the audio module <NUM>, the sensor module <NUM>, and the like. The GPIO interface may alternatively be configured as an I2C interface, an I2S interface, a UART interface, an MIPI interface, or the like.

The SIM interface may be configured to communicate with the SIM card interface <NUM> to implement a function of transmitting data to a SIM card or reading data in a SIM card.

The USB interface <NUM> is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a mini USB interface, a micro USB interface, a USB type C interface, or the like. The USB interface <NUM> may be configured to connect a charger to charge the terminal <NUM>, may be configured to transmit data between the terminal <NUM> and a peripheral device, and may also be configured to connect an earphone to play audio by using the earphone. The interface may be further configured to connect another electronic device, for example, an AR device.

It can be understood that an interface connection relationship between the modules shown in this embodiment of this application is merely an example for description and does not constitute any limitation on the structure of the terminal <NUM>. In some other embodiments of this application, the terminal <NUM> may alternatively use an interface connection manner different from those in the foregoing embodiments or a combination of a plurality of interface connection manners.

The charge management module <NUM> is configured to receive charge input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger.

The power management module <NUM> is configured to connect the battery <NUM>, the charge management module <NUM>, and the processor <NUM>. The power management module <NUM> receives input from the battery <NUM> and/or the charge management module <NUM> to supply power to the processor <NUM>, the internal memory <NUM>, an external memory, the display <NUM>, the camera <NUM>, the wireless communication module <NUM>, and the like.

A wireless communication function of the terminal <NUM> may be implemented by using the antenna <NUM>, the antenna <NUM>, the mobile communication module <NUM>, the wireless communication module <NUM>, the modem processor, the baseband processor, and the like.

The antenna <NUM> and the antenna <NUM> are configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna of the terminal <NUM> may be configured to cover one or more communication bands. Different antennas may further support multiplexing so as to increase antenna utilization. For example, the antenna <NUM> may be used also as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In some other embodiments, the antenna may be used in combination with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module <NUM> may provide wireless communication solutions including <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and the like which are applied to the terminal <NUM>. The mobile communication module <NUM> may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA), and the like. The mobile communication module <NUM> may receive an electromagnetic wave by using the antenna <NUM>, perform processing such as filtering and amplification on the received electromagnetic wave, and transmit the processed electromagnetic wave to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module <NUM> may further amplify a signal modulated by the modem processor and convert the signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiate the electromagnetic wave by using the antenna <NUM>. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module <NUM> may be provided in the processor <NUM>. In some embodiments, at least some functional modules of the mobile communication module <NUM> may be provided in a same device with at least some modules of the processor <NUM>.

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is configured to modulate a low frequency baseband signal that is to be transmitted into a medium or high frequency signal. The demodulator is configured to demodulate a received electromagnetic wave signal into a low frequency baseband signal. Then, the demodulator transmits the low frequency baseband signal obtained through demodulation to the baseband processor for processing. After being processed by the baseband processor, the low frequency baseband signal is transferred to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal by using an audio device (not limited to the speaker 1070A, the telephone receiver 1070B, and the like), or displays an image or a video by using the display <NUM>. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a separate device. In some other embodiments, the modem processor may be separate from the processor <NUM> and provided in a same device together with the mobile communication module <NUM> or another functional module.

The wireless communication module <NUM> may provide wireless communication solutions applied to the terminal <NUM>, including wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN) (for example, wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (Bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS), frequency modulation (Frequency Modulation, FM), near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC), infrared (Infrared, IR), and the like. The wireless communication module <NUM> may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module <NUM> receives an electromagnetic wave by using the antenna <NUM>, performs frequency modulation and filtering processing on the electromagnetic wave signal, and transmits the processed signal to the processor <NUM>. The wireless communication module <NUM> may further receive a to-be-sent signal from the processor <NUM>, perform frequency modulation and amplification on the signal, and convert the signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiate the electromagnetic wave by using the antenna <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the antenna <NUM> of the terminal <NUM> is coupled to the mobile communication module <NUM>, and the antenna <NUM> is coupled to the wireless communication module <NUM>, so that the terminal <NUM> can communicate with a network and another device by using a wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (Global System for Mobile Communications, GSM), general packet radio service (General Packet Radio Service, GPRS), code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (Time-Division Code Division Multiple Access, TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, IR, and/or the like. The GNSS may include the global positioning system (Global Positioning System, GPS), the global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation Satellite System, GLONASS), the Beidou navigation satellite system (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, BDS), the quasi-zenith satellite system (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, QZSS), and/or the satellite based augmentation systems (Satellite Based Augmentation Systems, SBAS).

The terminal <NUM> implements a display function by using the GPU, the display <NUM>, the application processor, and the like. The GPU is an image processing microprocessor and is connected to the display <NUM> and the application processor. The GPU is configured to perform mathematical and geometric computation graphics rendering. The processor <NUM> may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

The display <NUM> is configured to display an image, a video, and the like. The display <NUM> includes a display panel. The display panel may use a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED), active-matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (Active-Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode, AMOLED), flex light-emitting diode (Flex Light-Emitting Diode, FLED), a mini LED, micro LED, micro-OLED, quantum dot light emitting diodes (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes, QLED), or the like. In some embodiments, the terminal <NUM> may include one or N displays <NUM>, where N is a positive integer greater than <NUM>.

The terminal <NUM> may implement a photographing function by using the ISP, the camera <NUM>, the video codec, the GPU, the display <NUM>, the application processor, and the like.

The ISP is configured to process data fed back by the camera <NUM>. For example, during photographing, a shutter is open, allowing light to be transmitted to a photosensitive element of the camera through a lens. An optical signal is converted into an electrical signal. The photosensitive element of the camera transfers the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, so as to convert the electrical signal into an image visible to naked eyes. The ISP may further optimize noise, brightness, and skin color of the image using algorithms. The ISP may further optimize parameters such as exposure and color temperature of a shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be disposed in the camera <NUM>.

The camera <NUM> is configured to capture a static image or a video. An optical image of an object is generated by using a lens and is projected to a photosensitive element. The photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (Charge Coupled Device, CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transfers the electrical signal to the ISP to convert the electrical signal into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into an image signal in a standard format such as RGB or YUV. In some embodiments, the terminal <NUM> may include one or N cameras <NUM>, where N is a positive integer greater than <NUM>.

The digital signal processor is configured to process digital signals, including not only digital image signals but also other digital signals. For example, when the terminal <NUM> is performing frequency selection, the digital signal processor is configured to perform Fourier transform on energy of frequencies.

The video codec is configured to compress or decompress a digital video. The terminal <NUM> may support one or more types of video codecs, so that the terminal <NUM> can play or record videos in a plurality of coding formats such as moving picture experts group (Moving Picture Experts Group, MPEG) <NUM>, MPEG2, MPEG3, and MPEG4.

The NPU is a neural-network (Neural-Network, NN) computing processor. By referring to a structure of a biological neural network, for example to a transmission mode between neurons in a human-brain, the NPU quickly processes input information and is also capable of continuous self-learning. The NPU may be used for implementing applications such as intelligent cognition of the terminal <NUM>, for example, image recognition, facial recognition, speech recognition, and text understanding.

The external memory interface <NUM> may be configured to connect an external memory card, for example, a micro SD card, to extend a storage capacity of the terminal <NUM>. The external memory card communicates with the processor <NUM> by using the external memory interface <NUM> to implement a data storage function. For example, files such as music and video files are stored in the external storage card.

The internal memory <NUM> may be configured to store computer executable program code, where the executable program code includes instructions. The processor <NUM> executes various functional applications of the terminal <NUM> and data processing by executing the instructions stored in the internal memory <NUM>. The internal memory <NUM> may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store an operating system, an application required by at least one function (for example, a facial recognition function, a fingerprint recognition function, and a mobile payment function), and the like. The data storage area may store data (for example, facial information template data and fingerprint information template) and the like that are created during use of the terminal <NUM>. In addition, the internal memory <NUM> may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory, for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, and a universal flash storage (Universal Flash Storage, UFS).

The terminal <NUM> may use the audio module <NUM>, the speaker 1070A, the telephone receiver 1070B, the microphone 1070C, the earphone port 1070D, the application processor, and the like to implement an audio function, for example, music playing and sound recording.

The audio module <NUM> is configured to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal for output, and is also configured to convert analog audio input into a digital audio signal. The audio module <NUM> may be further configured to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module <NUM> may be provided in the processor <NUM>, or some functional modules of the audio module <NUM> may be provided in the processor <NUM>.

The speaker 1070A, also referred to as a "loudspeaker", is configured to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The terminal <NUM> may be used for listening to music or answering a hands-free call by using the speaker 1070A.

The telephone receiver 1070B, also referred to as an "earpiece", is configured to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the terminal <NUM> receives a call or a voice message, the telephone receiver 1070B may be placed near a human ear for listening to a voice.

The microphone 1070C, also referred to as a "mic" or "mike", is configured to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, a user may input a sound signal into the microphone 1070C by speaking close to the microphone 1070C. The terminal <NUM> may be provided with at least one microphone 1070C. In some other embodiments, the terminal <NUM> may be provided with two microphones 1070C to reduce noise in addition to collecting sound signals. In some other embodiments, the terminal <NUM> may alternatively be provided with three, four, or more microphones 1070C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify a sound source, implement directional recording, and the like.

The earphone jack 1070D is configured to connect a wired earphone. The earphone jack 1070D may be the USB interface <NUM>, or may be a <NUM> open mobile terminal platform (Open Mobile Terminal Platform, OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association of the USA, CTIA) standard interface.

The pressure sensor 1080A is configured to sense a pressure signal, and can convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 1080A may be disposed on the display <NUM>. There are many types of pressure sensors 1080A, such as a resistive pressure sensor, an inductive pressure sensor, and a capacitive pressure sensor. The capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates having a conductive material. When a force is applied to the pressure sensor 1080A, capacitance between electrodes changes. The terminal <NUM> determines pressure intensity based on a change of capacitance. When a touch operation is performed on the display <NUM>, the terminal <NUM> detects a strength of the touch operation by using the pressure sensor 1080A. The terminal <NUM> may further calculate a touch position based on a detection signal of the pressure sensor 1080A. In some embodiments, touch operations that are performed on a same touch position but have different touch operation strengths may correspond to different operation instructions. For example, when a touch operation whose touch operation strength is less than a first pressure threshold is performed on a messaging application icon, an instruction for viewing messages is executed; or when a touch operation whose touch operation strength is greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold is performed on the messaging application icon, an instruction for creating a new message is executed.

The gyro sensor 1080B may be configured to determine a motion posture of the terminal <NUM>. In some embodiments, angular velocities of the terminal <NUM> around three axes (namely, x, y, and z axes) may be determined by using the gyroscope sensor 1080B. The gyro sensor 1080B may be used for image stabilization during photographing. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 1080B detects a shaking angle of the terminal <NUM>, and calculates, based on the angle, a distance for which a lens module needs to compensate, so as to cancel shaking of the terminal <NUM> through reverse motion of the lens, thereby implementing image stabilization. The gyro sensor 1080B may be further used for navigation and somatosensory game scenarios.

The barometric pressure sensor 1080C is configured to measure atmospheric pressure. In some embodiments, the terminal <NUM> calculates an altitude based on an atmospheric pressure value measured by the atmospheric pressure sensor 1080C to assist positioning and navigation.

The magnetic sensor 1080D includes a Hall sensor. The terminal <NUM> may detect opening and closing of a clamshell or a smart cover by using the magnetic sensor 1080D. In some embodiments, when the terminal <NUM> is a clamshell device, the terminal <NUM> may detect opening and closing of a clamshell by using the magnetic sensor 1080D. Then, a feature such as automatic unlocking upon opening of the clamshell is set based on a detected opening or closing state of the smart cover or a detected opening or closing state of the clamshell.

The acceleration sensor 1080E may detect magnitudes of accelerations of the terminal <NUM> in all directions (generally along three axes), may detect a magnitude and direction of gravity when the terminal <NUM> is static, and may be further configured for recognition of a posture of the electronic device, applied for applications such as landscape/portrait mode switching and pedometer.

The distance sensor 1080F is configured to measure distance. The terminal <NUM> may measure a distance by using infrared or laser. In some embodiments, in a shooting scenario, the terminal <NUM> may use the distance sensor 1080F to measure a distance for rapid focusing.

The optical proximity sensor <NUM> may include, for example, a light-emitting diode (LED) and an optical detector, such as a photodiode. The light-emitting diode may be an infrared light-emitting diode. The terminal <NUM> emits infrared light outward by using the light-emitting diode. The terminal <NUM> detects infrared light reflected from nearby objects by using the photodiode. When sufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal <NUM> can determine that an object is near the terminal <NUM>. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal <NUM> can determine that no object is near the terminal <NUM>. The terminal <NUM> may detect, by using the optical proximity sensor <NUM>, that a user is holding the terminal <NUM> close to an ear to make or answer a call, and then automatically turns off the screen to save power. The optical proximity sensor <NUM> may also be used in a smart cover mode or a pocket mode to automatically perform screen unlocking or locking.

The ambient light sensor <NUM> is configured to sense brightness of ambient light. The terminal <NUM> may adaptively adjust brightness of the display <NUM> based on the sensed brightness of the ambient light. The ambient light sensor <NUM> may also be configured to automatically adjust white balance during photographing. The ambient light sensor <NUM> may also cooperate with the proximity light sensor <NUM> to detect whether the terminal <NUM> is in a pocket to avoid accidental touches.

The fingerprint sensor <NUM> is configured to collect fingerprints. The terminal <NUM> may implement fingerprint unlock, application access lock, fingerprint photographing, fingerprint-based call answering, and the like by using characteristics of the collected fingerprint.

The temperature sensor 1080J is configured to detect a temperature. In some embodiments, the terminal <NUM> executes a temperature processing policy by using the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 1080J. For example, when a temperature reported by the temperature sensor 1080J exceeds a threshold, the terminal <NUM> degrades performance of a processor near the temperature sensor 1080J to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In some other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal <NUM> heats the battery <NUM> to avoid abnormal shutdown of the terminal <NUM> caused by low temperature. In some other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than still another threshold, the terminal <NUM> boosts an output voltage of the battery <NUM> to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.

The touch sensor <NUM> is also referred to as a "touch panel". The touch sensor <NUM> may be disposed on the display <NUM>, and the touch sensor <NUM> and the display <NUM> form a touchscreen, also referred to as a "touch screen". The touch sensor <NUM> is configured to detect a touch operation performed on or near the touch sensor <NUM>. The touch sensor may transfer a detected touch operation to the application processor to determine a touch event type. A visual output related to the touch operation may be provided by using the display <NUM>. In some other embodiments, the touch sensor <NUM> may alternatively be disposed on a surface of the terminal <NUM>, that is, at a location different from that of the display <NUM>.

The button <NUM> includes a power on/off button, a volume button, and the like. The button <NUM> may be a mechanical button, or may be a touch button. The terminal <NUM> may receive a button input to generate a button signal input associated with user settings and function control of the terminal <NUM>.

The motor <NUM> may generate vibration alerts. The motor <NUM> may be configured to provide a vibration alert for an incoming call, and may also be configured to provide a vibration feedback for a touch. For example, touch operations performed on different applications (for example, photographing and audio playing) may be corresponding to different vibration feedback effects. The motor <NUM> may also correspondingly provide different vibration feedback effects for touch operations performed on different areas of the display <NUM>. Different application scenarios (for example, time reminder, message reception, alarm clock, and gaming) may also be corresponding to different vibration feedback effects. In addition, touch vibration feedback effects can be user-defined.

The indicator <NUM> may be an indicator lamp and may be configured to indicate a charging status and power change, and may also be configured to indicate a message, a missed call, a notification, and the like.

The SIM card interface <NUM> is configured to connect a SIM card. The SIM card may be inserted into the SIM card interface <NUM> or pulled out from the SIM card interface <NUM> to achieve contact with or separation from the terminal <NUM>. The terminal <NUM> may support one or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than <NUM>. The SIM card interface <NUM> may support a nano SIM card, a micro SIM card, a SIM card, and the like. A plurality of cards may be inserted into one SIM card interface <NUM> at the same time. The plurality of SIM cards may be of a same type or different types. The SIM card interface <NUM> may also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface <NUM> may also be compatible with an external memory card. The terminal <NUM> interacts with a network by using a SIM card to implement functions such as call and data communication.

It can be understood that the terminal <NUM> may have more or fewer components than shown in the figure, may combine two or more components, or may have different component configurations. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware that includes one or more signal processing and/or application-specific integrated circuits, in software, or in a combination of hardware and software.

It should be noted that, in an embodiment of this application, the terminal includes the board <NUM> shown in <FIG>, and the mobile communication module <NUM> and/or the wireless communication module <NUM> of the terminal <NUM> may include the radio frequency front-end circuit <NUM>, the conduction unit <NUM> serial device <NUM>, and the radio frequency back-end circuit <NUM> that are on the board <NUM>.

Based on the foregoing content, an embodiment of this application provides a radio frequency conduction test method which can be applied to the radio frequency conduction test systems shown in <FIG>, <FIG>. <FIG> is a schematic flowchart of a radio frequency conduction test method according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes but is not limited to the following steps.

Move a radio frequency test probe to a first pad of a board.

Specifically, a radio frequency test probe is moved to a first pad of a board so as to allow a test signal on the first pad to be transmitted to the radio frequency test probe for testing, where the board includes a radio frequency front-end circuit, a radio frequency back-end circuit, the first pad, a second pad, and a to-be-welded serial device; the to-be-welded serial device is a device to be welded to the first pad and the second pad; and the first pad is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the second pad is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit, and the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit are in an off state.

For example, the radio frequency test probe <NUM> is moved to the first pad <NUM> of a board so as to allow a test signal on the first pad <NUM> to be transmitted to the radio frequency test probe <NUM> for testing, where the board may be the board <NUM> in <FIG>, <FIG>.

It can be understood that the board includes but is not limited to the board <NUM> shown in <FIG>, <FIG>. This is not limited in this application. It should be noted that a radio frequency conduction test can be performed only after a board is set to a working state (only in this case, there is a test signal in the board). In an actual test, the board may be adjusted according to specific requirements of the radio frequency conduction test, so that a test signal for the radio frequency conduction test can be obtained.

It should also be noted that, when the radio frequency test probe is moved to the first pad of the board, the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit of the board are in an off state, and the test signal can be transmitted from the first pad to the radio frequency test probe. The test signal in the radio frequency test probe is transmitted to the radio frequency test instrument via an impedance conversion apparatus and a directional coupler (as shown in <FIG>). According to the invention, when the test signal in the radio frequency test probe is transmitted to the radio frequency test instrument via an impedance conversion apparatus and a directional coupler, a straight-through output port of the directional coupler is connected to a first measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument, and a coupling output port of the directional coupler is connected to a second measurement port of the radio frequency test instrument.

It can be understood that, for better transmission of the test signal on the first pad to the radio frequency test probe, the radio frequency test probe and/or the first pad may be treated with nickel and gold plating, and optionally, the radio frequency test probe and/or the first pad may alternatively be plated with another material, such as gold and nickel. For example, in an embodiment of this application, when the radio frequency test probe is moved to the first pad of the board, a first portion of the radio frequency test probe is in contact with a second portion of the first pad, the test signal is transmitted from the second portion of the first pad to the first portion of the radio frequency test probe, and the first portion and/or the second portion is treated with nickel and gold plating.

Move away the radio frequency test probe and perform welding.

Specifically, after completion of the radio frequency conduction test, the radio frequency test probe is moved away and the serial device is welded to the first pad and the second pad so as to enable the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit to be in an on state and to obtain the board that has been subjected to the radio frequency conduction test.

It can be understood that a manner of the welding includes but is not limited to low-temperature reflow soldering and laser welding, and the board that has been subjected to the radio frequency conduction test includes but is not limited to the boards shown in <FIG>.

It should be noted that the above radio frequency conduction test method may be performed manually, or may be performed using an automated machine and other equipment with functions capable of implementing the above method. This is not limited in this application.

It should also be noted that the above radio frequency conduction test method may be applied to other modules or apparatuses requiring a radio frequency conduction test. This is not limited in this application.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of these embodiments have different focuses. For a part not described in detail in one embodiment, reference may be made to the related descriptions in other embodiments.

It should be understood that the first, second, third, fourth and numbers in this specification are merely for differentiation for ease of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" in this specification is only an associative relationship for describing associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may indicate three scenarios: A alone; A and B; and B alone. In addition, the character "/" in this specification generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

It should be also understood that, in the embodiments of this application, sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean execution sequences.

A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that the units and algorithm steps in the examples described with reference to the embodiments disclosed in this specification can be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware.

It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, for the purpose of convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process of the foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, reference may be made to a corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described again herein.

For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or may not be performed.

When the functions are implemented in a form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the application substantially or parts making contributions to the conventional art or part of the technical solutions may be embodied in form of software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of instructions configured to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device or the like) to execute all or part of the steps of the method in the embodiments of the application. The foregoing storage medium includes any medium that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.

Steps of the method in the embodiments of this application may be adjusted in terms of sequence, combined, or deleted based on actual needs.

Modules in the apparatus in the embodiments of this application may be combined, divided, or deleted based on actual needs.

Claim 1:
A radio frequency conduction test method, wherein the method comprises:
moving (S11 <NUM>) a radio frequency test probe (<NUM>) to a first pad (<NUM>, <NUM>) of a board (<NUM>) so as to allow a test signal on the first pad to be transmitted to the radio frequency test probe for testing, wherein the board comprises a radio frequency front-end circuit (<NUM>, <NUM>), a radio frequency back-end circuit (<NUM>, <NUM>), the first pad, a second pad (<NUM>, <NUM>), and a to-be-welded serial device (<NUM>); the to-be-welded serial device is a device to be welded to the first pad and the second pad; the serial device is one or more components connected in series with another component; and the first pad is connected to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the second pad is connected to the radio frequency back-end circuit, and the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit are in an off state;
after completion of the test, moving away (S1120) the radio frequency test probe and welding the serial device to the first pad and the second pad so as to enable the radio frequency front-end circuit and the radio frequency back-end circuit to be in an on state; and
after the moving a radio frequency test probe to a first pad of a board, transmitting the test signal in the radio frequency test probe to a radio frequency test instrument (<NUM>) via an impedance conversion apparatus (<NUM>) and a directional coupler (<NUM>), wherein
a straight-through output port (<NUM>) of the directional coupler is connected to a first measurement port (<NUM>) of the radio frequency test instrument, and a coupling output port (<NUM>) of the directional coupler is connected to a second measurement port (<NUM>) of the radio frequency test instrument.