Patent Description:
Administering fluids to a patient via a patient's nose, mouth, or abdomen is known. Fluids can be delivered to the patient by gravity flow or at a controlled rate of delivery by utilizing a flow control apparatus, such as a peristaltic pump through a feeding set. The feeding apparatus for administering fluids to the patient typically has a housing that includes at least one motor operatively coupled to a mechanism that is engaged with a feeding set by progressively compressing a tubing of the feeding set to drive the fluid through the tubing at the controlled rate. In typical rotary peristaltic pumps, the motor is connected to a shaft that rotatably drives a pump rotor. The rotating pump rotor engages the tubing of the feeding set, pinching off a portion of the tubing and pushing the feeding fluid forward from the pinch point, toward the patient. In this manner, a peristaltic action that is created by the rotation of the rotor drives fluid through the tubing. Such enteral feeding pumps deliver feeding fluids of differing formulation, each of which may have differing characteristics, such as viscosity, nutritional value, caloric content, and other characteristics, which may result in variations in flow behavior. <CIT> describes an administration feeding set including one or more identification members selectively positioned on one or more receiving portions of a mounting member to permit identification of the administration feeding set as having a particular functional configuration different from another functional configuration.

The present invention is directed to an enteral feeding pump for use with a feeding set to deliver a nutritional liquid according to claim <NUM> and to a method of providing said pump according to claim <NUM>. Further embodiments are contemplated in the dependent claims.

It is also described a feeding set for use with an enteral feeding pump to deliver nutritional liquid fluid to a patient generally comprising a container having nutritional liquid. A conduit assembly includes tubing placeable in fluid communication with the container and adapted for mounting on the enteral feeding pump. The tubing provides a fluid pathway for delivering the nutritional liquid from the container to a patient when the tubing is mounted on the enteral feeding pump. An identification member is mounted on the conduit assembly and has at least one characteristic of a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set represented by the identification member. The identification member is positioned on the conduit assembly to permit automatic identification by the enteral feeding pump of the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid upon mounting the conduit assembly on the enteral feeding pump.

The conduit assembly may include a cassette connected to the tubing.

The identification member can be mounted on the cassette.

The identification member can comprise one or more magnets arranged to represent the nutritional liquid in the container.

The at least one characteristic can comprise the nutritional liquid type.

The at least one characteristic can comprise a viscosity of the nutritional liquid.

The at least one characteristic can comprise a caloric content of the nutritional liquid.

A family of nutritional liquids associated with the feeding set can be represented by the identification member.

In combination with the enteral feeding pump, the enteral feeding pump can include a reader for reading the identification member to identify, which can be automatic, the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set upon mounting the conduit assembly on the enteral feeding pump.

The enteral feeding pump can determine, which can be automatic, a flow rate for delivering fluid through the tubing based on the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid identified by the enteral feeding pump upon mounting the conduit assembly on the enteral feeding pump.

The enteral feeding pump can automatically initiate a compliance operation whereby the apparatus monitors a volume of fluid and a number of calories delivered to the patient through the tubing upon mounting the conduit assembly on the enteral feeding pump.

An enteral feeding pump for use with a nutritional liquid feeding set to deliver nutritional liquid through the feeding set generally comprises a housing capable of receiving at least a portion of the feeding set. A pumping device can be mounted in the housing and configured to act on the feeding set to produce fluid flow in the feeding set when the feeding set is received by the housing. A processor can be operatively connected to the pumping device. A reader can be operatively connected to the processor and can be configured to read the feeding set to facilitate identification of at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set upon engagement of the feeding set with the housing. The processor can be programmed to automatically identify the at least one characteristic upon engagement of the feeding set with the housing.

The processor can be programmed to select and display a library subset from a library of nutritional liquids stored in memory of the pump. The library subset can be associated with the feeding set engaged with the housing.

The processor can be programmed to automatically determine a flow rate for delivering fluid through the feeding set based on the identified at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set upon engagement of the feeding set with the housing.

The processor can be programmed to initiate, automatically, a compliance operation whereby the pump monitors a volume of fluid and a number of calories delivered to the patient through the feeding set upon engagement of the feeding set with the housing.

In a further aspect, a method of providing an enteral feeding pump for use with a nutritional liquid feeding set configured to deliver nutritional liquid from a container through the feeding set comprises mounting a pumping device onto a housing of the pump, the pumping device configured to act on the feeding set to produce fluid flow in the feeding set during operation thereof; disposing a reader on the housing, the reader configured to read the feeding set to identify at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set; and operatively connecting a processor to the reader, wherein the processor is configured to identify the at least one characteristic upon operational engagement of the feeding set with the housing.

In said further aspect, the method can further comprise providing the feeding set, wherein the feeding set comprises an identification member and tubing in fluid communication with the container, wherein the identification member is associated with the nutritional liquid in the container.

In said further aspect, the at least one characteristic can comprise at least one of a viscosity of the nutritional liquid and a caloric content of the nutritional liquid.

In said further aspect, a family of nutritional liquids associated with the feeding set is represented by the identification member.

In said further aspect, the method further comprises operably connecting a memory to the processor, the memory configurable to include the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid to be associated with the feeding set.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium is disclosed. The computer-readable medium includes computer-executable instructions for a method of operating a feeding pump with a feeding set having tubing fluidly connected to a container for containing a nutritional liquid to be delivered to a patient when the feeding set is operably mounted on the feeding pump, the feeding set further comprising an identification member readable by a reader on the feeding pump, wherein the identification member provides a representation of nutritional liquid. The method comprises identifying at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set based on a representation from the identification member on the feeding set; and operating the pump at a flow rate to achieve a target feeding rate based on the at least one characteristic. In such still further aspect, the method can further comprise associating the representation from the identification member to one or more nutritional liquids in a library stored in a memory in the pump and identify the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid.

Other features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.

Aspects of the present invention generally relate to an enteral feeding system used to deliver enteral fluids to a patient and, particularly, to an enteral feeding pump for use with a feeding set that represents a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set.

Referring now to the exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in <FIG>, an enteral feeding pump is generally indicated at <NUM>. The pump <NUM> may comprise a housing <NUM> that is constructed to allow a feeding set <NUM> to be mounted to the housing. Optionally, the housing <NUM> may comprise a recess <NUM> (<FIG>) for receiving a cassette <NUM> of the feeding set <NUM> to load the feeding set on the pump. The feeding set <NUM> can comprise tubing indicated generally at <NUM> that provides a fluidic pathway between a bag <NUM> of nutritional liquid (broadly, "a container") and a patient (<FIG>). The bag <NUM> is shown schematically in <FIG>. The cassette <NUM> may facilitate mounting the tubing <NUM> for engaging the tubing with the pump <NUM> when received in the recess <NUM>. The cassette <NUM> and feeding set <NUM> may be broadly considered a conduit assembly.

The feeding set <NUM> may comprise a mounting member <NUM> (<FIG>) in direct communication with the tubing <NUM> and one or more identification members <NUM> on the mounting member. At least one identification member <NUM> may permit identification of at least one characteristic of a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set upon engagement of the mounting member <NUM> to the pump <NUM>. The mounting member <NUM> may also assist in the loading of the feeding set <NUM> on the pump <NUM>. However, the mounting member <NUM> may be omitted and the identification member(s) <NUM> may be used to load the feeding set <NUM> to the pump <NUM>. The pump <NUM> may further include a reader <NUM> (<FIG> and <FIG>) that detects engagement of at least one of the mounting member <NUM> and the identification member(s) <NUM> with the pump.

Depending on the desired feeding regime, feeding sets of different constructions can be used with the pump <NUM>. An effective flow rate for the pump <NUM> can depend on a resistance of the tubing of the feeding set and the fluid being delivered through the feeding set. The pump <NUM> can be configured to recognize automatically the type of feeding set installed and a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set, and alter or tailor operation of the pump to accommodate the characteristics of the feeding set and nutritional liquid. In particular, a flow rate for delivering fluid associated with the loaded feeding set <NUM> can be automatically customized by retrieving identification information or data represented by the identification member <NUM> indicating at least one of the type of feeding set, the associated nutritional liquid, and/or characteristics of the nutritional liquid pertaining to delivering the liquid through the feeding set. Such technical feature can advantageously effect delivery of the nutritional liquid to the patient by reducing the likelihood against an inappropriate or erroneous delivery protocol. For example, a feeding set having an identification member can provide a representation of the nutritional liquid in the container connected thereto to the pump which in turn can automatically deliver the nutritional liquid according to a predetermined protocol or schedule, which reduces the likelihood of erroneously delivering the nutritional liquid at a different delivery protocol or schedule.

As used herein, the term "load" means that the tubing <NUM> is engaged with the pump <NUM> so that the feeding set <NUM> is ready for operation with the pump to deliver fluid to a patient. It will be appreciated that the term "housing," as used herein, may include many forms of supporting structures including, without limitation, multi-part structures and structures that do not enclose or house the working components of the pump <NUM>.

The pump <NUM> may include a user interface <NUM> with a display screen indicated at <NUM> on the front of the housing <NUM> that is capable of displaying information about the status and operation of the pump. The pump <NUM> can further comprise buttons <NUM> and light emitting diodes <NUM> on the housing <NUM> for use with the display screen <NUM> to facilitate exchanging information, such as providing and obtaining information, between the pump <NUM> and a user. Various user interfaces for displaying information to the user and receiving user input may be implemented. Any of the various configurations of the user interface can involve utilizing one or more graphical display subcomponents. As an example, the display screen <NUM> may be a graphical user interface having a touch screen by which the user can provide the input information. In other embodiments, the user interface can be a tethered component that can be used to provide input information, provide operating information pertaining to the flow control apparatus, or both.

Referring to <FIG>, the pump <NUM> may include a pump motor <NUM> (<FIG>) located in the housing <NUM>. A pump rotor <NUM> may be mounted on a rotatable shaft <NUM> and rotated by the motor <NUM>. In one embodiment, the pump rotor <NUM> includes an inner disk <NUM>, an outer disk <NUM>, and preferably a plurality of rollers <NUM> mounted between the inner and outer disks rotatable about their longitudinal axes relative to the disks. In the exemplarily illustrated embodiment, the pump motor <NUM>, rotatable shaft <NUM> and pump rotor <NUM> may broadly be considered a pumping device. The rollers <NUM> may engage the feeding set <NUM> for moving fluid through the feeding set.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the mounting member <NUM> is configured to engage mount <NUM> of the pump <NUM> when loading the feeding set <NUM> on the pump such that the reader <NUM> may detect the presence of the identification member <NUM> attached to the mounting member <NUM>. The reader <NUM> may be disposed on, in, or near the mount <NUM> to detect the presence of the identification member <NUM>. In the illustrated embodiment, identification member <NUM> comprises a first identification component 15A and a second identification component 15B. Any number of identification components is envisioned. The reader <NUM> may comprise a pair of reader devices 17A, 17B that detect the identification components 15A, 15B, respectively. It will be understood that the number of reader devices <NUM> may be the same as the number of identification components <NUM>. The identification components 15A, 15B may be magnetic components or, in the alternative, magnetically susceptible metallic components capable of detection by reader devices 17A, 17B, respectively without requiring direct physical contact with the reader. The reader devices 17A, 17B may preferably be Hall-effect sensors or other types of proximity sensors that are positioned near the mount <NUM> such that the reader devices 17A, 17B can detect the presence of the identification components 15A, 15B when the mounting member <NUM> is engaged to the mount or at least the magnetic field of any of the one or more identification components. Other types of readers may be used. For example, the readers may rely on optically identifying any of the one or more identification components. The identification member <NUM> can be mounted directly on the cassette <NUM> and the reader <NUM> can be positioned to detect the presence of the identification member on the cassette when the cassette is received in the recess <NUM> of the pump <NUM>.

Upon engagement of the mounting member <NUM> to the mount <NUM>, reader devices 17A, 17B may be capable of identifying identification data represented by the number and position of the identification components 15A, 15B. In particular, the attachment of one or more identification components 15A, 15B to the mounting member <NUM> provides a means for allowing software subsystem <NUM> (<FIG>) to identify information related to a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> loaded on the pump <NUM>. Referring to <FIG>, the mounting member <NUM> may have one or more identification components 15A, 15B (two are shown in <FIG>) attached thereto in accordance with an identification scheme that permits software subsystem <NUM> to identify at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> loaded on the pump <NUM>. In order to identify the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid, a processor such as microprocessor <NUM> may be operatively associated with memory <NUM> containing one or more identification schemes for identifying different characteristics of the nutritional liquid. The memory <NUM> may also contain a library of nutritional liquids associated with various types of cassettes and feeding sets for use with the pump <NUM>. The identification scheme may involve utilizing the relative positional interaction of any or all the readers as identifiably associated with a corresponding identification component. Thus, for example, in a reader assembly having an arrangement of two reader components, if a first reader component proximally detects the presence of an appropriate first identification component and a second reader component proximally detects the presence of an appropriate second identification component, the identification member provides a first representation of a first nutritional liquid, or family of nutritional liquids. Further, if the first reader component proximally detects the presence of an appropriate first identification component and the second reader component fails to detect the proximal presence of an appropriate second identification component, the identification member provides a representation of a different nutritional liquid, or family of nutritional liquids. Accordingly, the processor can thus associate the corresponding nutritional liquid through the respective representation from corresponding identification member to at least one characteristic of the liquid. The reader may be implemented with three or more components.

The at least one characteristic may include at least any one or more of a brand or brand name of the nutritional liquid to be delivered through the feeding set <NUM>, and may include at least one or more data associated parameters such as but not limited to nutritional liquid type, caloric intake requirement, fat intake requirement, protein intake requirement, mineral intake requirement, vitamin intake requirement, and a patient group associated with the nutritional liquid. The at least one characteristic may also include at least one data parameter pertaining to at least one of a viscosity, an osmolality, a digestibility, a caloric content, a protein content, a sugar content, a fat content, fiber content, a free water content, a carbohydrate content, a cholesterol content, an amino acid content, a vitamin content, a mineral content, a nitrogen content, a sodium content, a potassium content, a chloride content, a calcium content, a magnesium content, an electrolyte content, and a nutritional requirement of the nutritional liquid.

The at least one characteristic may also include a family of nutritional liquids associated with the feeding set <NUM>. The family of nutritional liquids may be a subset of nutritional liquids within the library of nutritional liquids stored in the memory <NUM>, such as nutritional liquids available from a particular provider. By representing a characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> with the number and position of the identification components 15A, 15B, the user is not required to scroll through a large database of formulas. Instead, the subset of the full library of formulas is displayed on the display screen <NUM> from which the user may select the nutritional liquid that will be delivered.

<FIG> illustrates a sequence of steps software subsystem <NUM> may execute through microprocessor <NUM> to recognize and incorporate the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> loaded to the pump <NUM>. At decision point <NUM>, software subsystem <NUM> may determine whether a feeding set <NUM> is loaded to the pump <NUM> by detecting engagement of the mounting member <NUM> to the pump. In particular, the microprocessor <NUM> may monitor a signal from the reader devices 17A, 17B indicating identification components 15A, 15B are engaged to the pump <NUM>. If the feeding set <NUM> is not loaded, then the pump <NUM> remains inoperative, at step <NUM>. However, if the feeding set <NUM> is loaded to the pump <NUM>, at <NUM> the microprocessor <NUM> may determine the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> by detecting the location and number of identification components <NUM> detected by the reader <NUM>. Each different characteristic may have a predetermined number and location of identification components attached to the mounting member <NUM>.

For example, at decision point <NUM>, if reader <NUM> detects both identification component 15A and 15B, the software subsystem <NUM> may identify a first characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM>. If the reader <NUM> detects only identification component 15B, the software subsystem <NUM> may identify a second characteristic of the nutritional liquid different from the first characteristic. If the reader <NUM> detects only identification component 15A, the software subsystem <NUM> may identify a third characteristic of the nutritional liquid different from the first and second characteristics. Any number of identification components and reader devices may be used to identify any number of characteristics of a nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM>. Other types of identification members can be used, including without limitation, members of differing shapes and emitting different electromagnetic signals.

Once software subsystem <NUM> identifies the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set <NUM> loaded to the pump <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> may adjust the flow rate of the pump <NUM> to achieve a target feeding rate specific to the feeding set <NUM> loaded to the pump and the nutritional liquid associated with the feeding set. Thus, software subsystem <NUM> is able to not only detect that the feeding set <NUM> is loaded, but also determine and implement nutritional liquid data to automatically control fluid flow through the feeding set upon loading the feeding set to the pump <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the memory <NUM> can store a set of instructions <NUM> for determining a flow rate for the pump <NUM> based on the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid represented by identification components <NUM> and retrieved by the microprocessor <NUM>. In order to control the flow rate of the pump <NUM>, at <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> retrieves from the memory <NUM> the set of instructions <NUM> for implementing the information data represented by the identification components <NUM>. At <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> may apply the data to the set of instruction in the memory <NUM> to determine a flow rate of the pump <NUM>. At <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> may adjust the motor output to produce the flow rate determined at <NUM> to achieve a target-feeding rate. For example, by knowing the viscosity of the nutritional liquid the amount of rotation may be altered to assure the correct quantity of nutritional liquid is delivered.

Upon determining the operating flow rate, at <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> can send instructions to monitor the pumping parameters and intermittently, continuously, or continually adjust the instantaneous operating flow rate for the pump <NUM> to achieve the target-feeding rate. The microprocessor <NUM> may keep track of the volume of feeding fluid delivered to the patient, and the number of calories delivered to the patient. Other feeding parameters, such as but not limited to elapsed time, remaining time, and fat content delivered, may also be monitored and optionally displayed through, for example, the user interface <NUM>. Compliance monitoring can be performed by comparing the monitored pumping parameters (e.g., volume of fluid delivered, number of calories delivered, etc.) to target pumping parameters to assess whether the target pumping parameters are being met and/or a prescribed treatment regimen is being followed. Results of the compliance monitoring can be stored in the memory <NUM> for review by the clinician. The data can also be stored in the memory <NUM> for wireless data mining, service modules, and/or asset tracking purposes.

It is to be understood that in the described embodiment, the software subsystem <NUM>, the microprocessor <NUM> and memory <NUM> may be broadly considered "a control circuit. " These components may be individually considered "a control circuit. " Moreover, other types of control circuits may be used within the scope of the present invention.

The memory <NUM> can comprise one or more non-volatile memory components, e.g., ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory. In other configurations, other types of non-volatile memory components can be utilized in addition to or instead of the non-volatile memory components such as but not limited to removable or portable data storage devices, such as hard disk drives, optical disk, magnetic tape, holographic memory, and memory cards. Alternatively or in addition, memory <NUM> can comprise one or more volatile memory components such as but not limited to random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and static random access memory (SRAM).

Examples may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, executed by one or more computers or other devices. The computer-executable instructions may be organized into one or more computer-executable components or modules including, but not limited to, routines, programs, objects, components, and data structures that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Examples may be implemented with any number and organization of such components or modules. Other examples may include different computer-executable instructions or components having more or less functionality than illustrated and described.

Further, the order of execution or performance of the operations illustrated and described herein is not essential, unless otherwise specified. That is, the operations may be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified, and some examples may include additional or fewer operations than those disclosed herein.

In operation, the microprocessor <NUM> executes computer-executable instructions such as those illustrated in the figures. Other examples may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

Further aspects can pertain to methods related to facilitating use of enteral feeding pumps. For example, the method can comprise, providing a conduit assembly including tubing fluidly connectable to a container wherein the tubing can be adapted for mounting on the enteral feeding pump to provide a fluid pathway for delivering nutritional liquid from the container to a patient when the tubing; and providing an identification member associated with the conduit assembly, which can be mountable on the conduit assembly, having information regarding at least one characteristic of a nutritional liquid associable with the feeding set. In some cases, the method can involve positioning the identification member on the conduit assembly so as to permit acquisition of the information and identification by the enteral feeding pump of the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid upon mounting the conduit assembly on the enteral feeding pump.

Still further aspects can pertain to revising the library or at least a portion of the stored information of the library of formula. For example, the enteral feed pump can have at least one user interface that can be utilized to enter or update the library information. In some cases, the enteral feeding pump can have a data port that can facilitate data transfer from an external device to the memory device in the pump that stores the library information. For example, the enteral feeding pump can have a USB port configured through the controller to transfer data from an external device to replace at least a portion of the memory of the pump. An alternative configuration can involve utilizing wired Ethernet local area networks based on, for example, the IEEE <NUM> standard to effect the transfer. In still other cases, the enteral feeding pump can be in wireless communication with a remote device having updated library information. In such an exemplary architecture, data transfer from the remote device can be effected through wireless communication in accordance with any commercially utilized protocols such as but not limited to any one or more of cellular data transmission and wireless radio such as Wi-Fi based on any of the IEEE <NUM> standards. Preferable configurations can further involve transmitting, wired or wirelessly at least a portion of the library in encrypted form. Such aspects can be particularly advantageous when utilized to tailor the feeding rate based on the fluid to be delivered and patient or user needs. For example, a particular predetermined delivery protocol may be implemented for a patient and updated upon the discretion of a caregiver from a remote facility or location. Thus, such a feature can advantageously further assure or at least increase the likelihood of utilizing a predetermined delivery protocol with a nutritional liquid.

Further examples may implemented to utilize a remote facility to provide the predetermined protocol. For example, in a feeding pump connected to the remote facility, the pump may identify the representation of the nutritional liquid and transmit such information to the remote facility. In response, the remote facility may then receive the representation information and establish a predetermined delivery protocol from a database, and transmit a predetermined delivery protocol to achieve one or more treatment targets based, at least partially, on the received representation information.

Other operations may be implemented including, for example, identifying the frequency of nutritional liquid delivery, the amount of nutritional liquid delivered, and the type of nutritional liquid delivered, which, in turn, can facilitate any one or more of asset tracking, e.g., determining whether a patient has used or consumed a sufficient amount of nutritional liquid, or type of nutritional liquid, whether the patient has any of such nutritional liquid remaining, or type of nutritional liquid remaining, and whether the patient requires additional nutritional liquid at the patient's location.

In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. For example, variants of any of the various aspects can be implemented by retrofitting pumps and apparatus to provide any of the technical features disclosed herein.

Claim 1:
An enteral feeding pump (<NUM>) suitable for use with a feeding set (<NUM>) to deliver nutritional liquid through the feeding set, the enteral feeding pump comprising:
a housing (<NUM>) capable of receiving at least a portion of the feeding set;
a pumping device (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>) mounted in the housing and configured to act on the feeding set to produce fluid flow in the feeding set when the feeding set is received by the housing;
a processor (<NUM>) operatively connected to the pumping device;
a reader (<NUM>) operatively connected to the processor and configured to read an identification member (<NUM>) of the feeding set to recognize automatically the type of feeding set installed upon engagement of the feeding set with the housing, wherein the reader is configured to read the feeding set to identify at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid pertaining to delivering the nutritional liquid through the feeding set; and
memory (<NUM>) which stores a set of instructions (<NUM>) for determining a flow rate for the pump based on the at least one characteristic of the nutritional liquid; and,
wherein the processor is configured to use
the instructions to monitor the pumping parameters and intermittently adjust an instantaneous operating flow rate for the pump to achieve a target-feeding rate.