Patent Description:
Hair frizz is described by consumers as the appearance of unruly fibers at the top of the scalp and tips of hair as well as an increased volume through the bulk of the hair. Generally they see this frizz on days when there is humid weather and the level of moisture in the air is high. The appearance of frizz is undesired and it is often associated with a loss of shine and smoothness. The appearance of frizz and loss of shine and smoothness are associated with a perception of poor hair health. The basic mechanism causing frizz in high humid environments is that at high humidity water penetrates into hair and changes the chemical bond interactions inside the hair. During styling, the consumer will create a 'wet set' where hair is blow dried or flat ironed to create the desired shape. During drying, water is evaporated from hair and hydrogen bonds are formed between the protein peptide chains holding the style in place. As moisture diffuses into hair the hydrogen bonds are broken and hair returns back to its natural shape. For consumers who straighten their hair by blow drying or flat ironing this return to a curled style is associated with a loss of alignment and increased volume. In addition, at high moisture levels in hair the fiber diameter increases which also increases the overall volume of hair.

<CIT> is related to a hair-cleaning agent containing an organic acid selected from an organic acid group and their salts consisting of a benzoic acid derivative, a <NUM>-furancarboxylic acid derivative, an α-ketocarboxylic acid derivative, a C5-<NUM> olefin sulfonic acid derivative, a benzene sulfonic acid derivative, a C4-<NUM> alkane sulfonic acid derivative, a C4-<NUM> alcohol sulfate derivative, <NUM>-camphor sulfonic acid, inositol phosphate, and an amino acid, ≥<NUM> kinds of organic acids or their salts selected from an organic acid group consisting of a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and its salts, a ketocarboxylic acid and its salts, a dihydroxy dicarboxylic acid and its salts and a hydroxysulfonic acid and its salts, and an anionic surfactant.

<CIT> refers to shampoo compositions having from <NUM> to <NUM> weight percent of a detersive surfactant, at least <NUM> weight percent of a fatty alcohol gel network and at least <NUM> weight percent of an aqueous carrier.

<CIT> is about a composition directed to an aqueous hair leave-on composition for hair frizz reduction comprising from about <NUM>% to about <NUM>% of a moisture control material or mixture of moisture control materials, wherein the moisture control material is selected from one or more of the following class: Class I having the structure selected from; wherein R' is -CQOY. sulfonic acid, or C=CH-CQOY, Y is hydrogen or a metal ion, R1, R2, R3, R4, Rs is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, ally!, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxy], halogen, sulfate, sulfonate, nitro, or -CH=CH-COOR, and wherein the moisture control material is an acidic material and further wherein the moisture control material has a % Protein binding higher than <NUM> and Molecular Volume lower than <NUM> and Partition coefficient octanol to water (log P) lower than <NUM> and hydrogen binding higher than <NUM> and pKa lower than <NUM>,<NUM>.

<CIT> refers to a rinse -off conditioner composition for hair frizz reduction comprising from about <NUM>% to about <NUM>% of a moisture control material or mixture of moisture control materials wherein the moisture control material is selected from one or more of the following: wherein R' is -COOY, sulfonic acid, or C=CH-COOY, Y is hydrogen or a metal ion, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, allyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxyl, halogen, sulfate, sulfonate, nitro, or -CH=CH-COOR, and wherein the moisture control material is an acidic material and further wherein the moisture control material has a % Protein binding higher than <NUM> and Molecular Volume lower than <NUM> and Partition coefficient octanol to water (log P) lower than <NUM> and hydrogen binding higher than <NUM> and pKa lower than <NUM>; and at least about a <NUM>% frizz reduction vs. a control composition without the moisture control material.

The typical strategy to prevent frizz is to formulate shampoo products with surface-depositing materials such as silicone, oils, conditioning silicone which make hair more hydrophobic and decrease inter-fiber interactions. At high levels these materials can also provide increased cohesive forces holding fibers together to prevent frizz from occurring. With these materials depositing on the hair surface a greasy look and feel is typically experienced, which is an undesired trade-off of frizz reduction.

Consequently, a need exists for a shampoo product that combines effective frizz control with additional hair benefits that the consumer can notice and feel and, at the same time, is delightful to use without having a sticky or greasy feel.

A shampoo composition for hair frizz reduction is provided and comprises:
A total amount from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a moisture control material or mixture of moisture control materials, wherein the moisture control material is selected from one or more of the following:
<CHM>.

Without being bound by theory, the materials in the shampoo treatment composition disclosed herein provide excellent frizz performance without a negatively affecting hair feel. These materials prevent water uptake into hair under high humidity conditions, reducing the negative impact of frizz. By providing frizz benefits by penetrating the hair fiber as opposed to depositing on the hair surface, the frizz benefit is not associated by negative hair feel, which is typically observed with current commercial anti-frizz products. These and additional features will be more fully understood in view of the following detailed description.

<FIG> is graph depicting that there is a monotonic correlation between % water reduction and % frizz reduction.

All percentages and ratios used herein are by weight of the total composition, unless otherwise designated. All measurements are understood to be made at ambient conditions, where "ambient conditions" means conditions at <NUM>, under one atmosphere of pressure, and at <NUM>% relative humidity (RH), unless otherwise designated. All numeric ranges are inclusive of narrower ranges; delineated upper and lower range limits are combinable to create further ranges not explicitly delineated.

The compositions as disclosed herein can comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of, the essential components as well as optional ingredients described herein. As used herein, "consisting essentially of" means that the composition or component may include additional ingredients, but only if the additional ingredients do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed compositions or methods.

"Apply" or "application" as used in reference to a composition, means to apply or spread the compositions as disclosed herein onto keratinous fiber such as the hair.

"Dermatologically acceptable" means that the compositions or components described are suitable for use in contact with human skin tissue without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response.

"Cosmetically acceptable," as used herein, means that the compositions, formulations, or components described are suitable for use in contact with human keratinous tissue without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like. All compositions described herein which have the purpose of being directly applied to keratinous tissue are limited to those being cosmetically acceptable.

"Safe and effective amount" means an amount of a compound or composition sufficient to significantly induce a positive benefit.

"Control composition" is a composition that is used for comparison to the inventive composition in terms of performance. Typically, the control composition and the inventive composition are very similar in terms of ingredients and concentrations with the difference being that control composition does not include the material or materials that constitute the invention. Thus, the inventive material(s) that are present in the inventive composition are either substituted by the carrier in the control composition or by a material that is common in the art at the time of the invention.

"Rinse-off" in reference to compositions, means compositions intended to be applied to keratinous substrate and subsequently removed by washing, rinsing or wiping within a few minutes or less from the application. These "rinse-off" compositions are to be distinguished from "leave-on" compositions, which are intended to be applied to and allowed to remain on the keratinous fibers.

The most common hair care rinse-off compositions are shampoos. Shampoos contain detersive surfactants and they are used for cleansing hair, while rinse-off conditioners are typically used after shampoo, they are substantially free of detersive surfactants, they contain conditioning agents to improve hair feel, reverse hair damage and protect against further damage.

"Leave-on," in reference to compositions, means compositions intended to be applied to and allowed to remain on the keratinous fibers. These leave-on compositions are to be distinguished from rinse-off compositions, which are applied to the hair and subsequently (in a few minutes or less) removed either by washing, rinsing, or wiping.

Leave-on compositions exclude rinse-off applications such as shampoos, rinse-off shampoos, facial cleansers, hand cleansers, body wash, or body cleansers. The leave-on compositions may be substantially free of cleansing or detersive surfactants. For example, "leave-on compositions" may be left on the keratinous fibers for at least <NUM> minutes. For example, leave-on compositions may comprise less than <NUM>% detersive surfactants, less than <NUM>% detersive surfactants, or <NUM>% detersive surfactants. The compositions may, however, contain emulsifying, dispersing or other processing surfactants that are not intended to provide any significant cleansing benefits when applied topically to the hair.

"Soluble" means at least <NUM> of solute dissolves in <NUM> of solvent, at <NUM> and <NUM> atm of pressure.

All percentages are by weight of the total composition, unless stated otherwise. All ratios are weight ratios, unless specifically stated otherwise. All ranges are inclusive and combinable. The number of significant digits conveys neither a limitation on the indicated amounts nor on the accuracy of the measurements. The term "molecular weight" or "M. " as used herein refers to the weight average molecular weight unless otherwise stated. The weight average molecular weight may be measured by gel permeation chromatography. "QS" means sufficient quantity for <NUM>%.

The term "substantially free from" or "substantially free of" as used herein means less than <NUM>%, or less than <NUM>%, or less than <NUM>%, or less than <NUM>%, or <NUM>%, by total weight of the composition.

"Hair," as used herein, means mammalian hair including scalp hair, facial hair, and body hair, particularly on hair on the human head and scalp.

"Derivatives," as used herein, includes but is not limited to, amide, ether, ester, amino, carboxyl, acetyl, acid, salt and/or alcohol derivatives of a given compound.

"Polymer," as used herein, means a chemical formed from the polymerisation of two or more monomers. The term "polymer" as used herein shall include all materials made by the polymerisation of monomers as well as natural polymers. Polymers made from only one type of monomer are called homopolymers. Polymers made from two or more different types of monomers are called copolymers. The distribution of the different monomers can be calculated statistically or block-wise - both possibilities are suitable for the present disclosure. Except if stated otherwise, the term "polymer" used herein includes any type of polymer including homopolymers and copolymers.

The method of reducing frizz described herein comprises applying to the hair a shampoo composition. The shampoo composition delivers consumer desired cleansing and potentially conditioning. It can also deliver frizz reduction in the case that it contains a moisture control material. The shampoo composition comprises from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a moisture control material, wherein the moisture control material is salicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid; or <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid. After applying to the hair a shampoo composition as described herein, the method then comprises rinsing the shampoo composition from the hair.

The mechanism of action for frizz generation involves moisture from the environment being absorbed by hair and occupying hydrogen bonding sites within hair, including those on the peptide backbone and also associated with acidic and basic side chains of amino acid residues such as lysine, arginine and glutamic acid. This internal water replaces hydrogen bonds that had been created during styling that hold hair in a desired configuration. As a consequence, hair returns to its natural shape which typically leads to unwanted wave, loss of alignment and frizz. In addition, uptake of water by these hydrogen bonding sites swells the hair fiber causing style expansion, which is another indicator of frizz. Without being bound by theory, the materials covered by this disclosure will replace water at the hydrogen bond sites inside hair and prevent water uptake. Reduction of water inside hair will lead to a reduction in the appearance of frizz under high humidity conditions. Because the mechanism of action is related to the space inside the hair fibers, there are no feel negatives, such as, for example, greasy or oily feel associated with the benefit. The reduction in water uptake is measured using Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) method, which measures a weight increase of hair equilibrated at <NUM>% Relative Humidity (RH) versus <NUM>% RH. Significant frizz benefit is measured on hair treated by materials that caused a reduction in water uptake of higher than <NUM> % versus control hair that is not treated with such materials. The treatment involved the application of a <NUM>% w/w solution of the material in <NUM>:<NUM> water: ethanol solvent.

The moisture control materials include salicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid; or <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid. These materials are chosen from Molecular Class I to increase the size of the benefit.

The concentration of the Moisture Control Material or the concentration of the mixture of Moisture Control Material in a hair shampoo composition is from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>%.

Molecular Class I: Polar, acidic compounds with the following properties: Protein Binding (PB)><NUM> AND Molecular Volume (Mol. <<NUM> AND logP < <NUM> AND Hydrogen-binding (H-binding) > <NUM> AND pKa < <NUM>, wherein PB is % protein binding, Mol. Vol is molecular volume (in Å<NUM>); log P is n-octanol/water partition coefficients. These properties can be calculated using Volsurf software (http://www. moldiscovery. com/soft_volsurf. H-bond is the energy from hydrogen bonds between molecules from Hansen Solubility Parameters and pKa value is a logarithmic measure of the acid dissociation constant.

b) Molecular Class II: Weakly polar to non-polar, weakly to non-acidic compounds that have the following properties: PB><NUM> AND Mol. < <NUM> AND log P > <NUM> AND pKa ≥ <NUM> AND H-binding > <NUM>, wherein PB is % protein binding, Mol. Vol is molecular volume (in Å<NUM>); logP is n-octanol/water partition coefficients. These properties can be calculated using Volsurf software (http://www. moldiscoverv. com/soft_vol_surf. H-bond is the energy from hydrogen bonds between molecules from Hansen Solubility Parameters and pKa value is a logarithmic measure of the acid dissociation constant.

A Class I having the structure selected from:.

The shampoo composition comprises one or more detersive surfactants, which provides cleaning performance to the composition. The one or more detersive surfactants in turn may comprise an anionic surfactant, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants, or mixtures thereof. Various examples and descriptions of detersive surfactants are set forth in <CIT>; <CIT>; and <CIT>.

The concentration of the detersive surfactant component in the shampoo composition should be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and lather performance, and generally ranges from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, <NUM> wt%, or <NUM> wt%.

Anionic surfactants suitable for use in the compositions are the alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. Other suitable anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts of organic, sulfuric acid reaction products. Still other suitable anionic surfactants are the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Other similar anionic surfactants are described in <CIT>; <CIT>; and <CIT>.

Exemplary anionic surfactants for use in the shampoo composition include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate and combinations thereof. The anionic surfactant may be sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate.

Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants for use in the shampoo composition herein include those which are known for use in shampoo or other personal care cleansing. Concentrations of such amphoteric surfactants range from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, and from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%. Non limiting examples of suitable zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants are described in <CIT> and <CIT>.

Amphoteric detersive surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo composition include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Exemplary amphoteric detersive surfactants for use in the present shampoo composition include cocoamphoacetate, cocoamphodiacetate, lauroamphoacetate, lauroamphodiacetate, and mixtures thereof.

Zwitterionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo composition include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. Zwitterionics such as betaines may be selected.

Non limiting examples of other anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric or optional additional surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo composition are described in <NPL>, and <CIT>, <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>.

The shampoo composition may also comprise a shampoo gel matrix, an aqueous carrier, and other additional ingredients described herein.

The shampoo composition comprises a first aqueous carrier. Accordingly, the formulations of the shampoo composition can be in the form of pourable liquids (under ambient conditions). Such compositions will therefore typically comprise a first aqueous carrier, which is present at a level of at least <NUM> wt%, from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%, or from <NUM> wt% to <NUM> wt%. The first aqueous carrier may comprise water, or a miscible mixture of water and organic solvent, and in one aspect may comprise water with minimal or no significant concentrations of organic solvent, except as otherwise incidentally incorporated into the composition as minor ingredients of other components.

The first aqueous carriers useful in the shampoo composition include water and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. The lower alkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having <NUM> to <NUM> carbons, in one aspect, ethanol and isopropanol. The polyhydric alcohols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and propane diol.

The shampoo composition described herein may comprise a shampoo gel matrix. The shampoo gel matrix comprises (i) from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of one or more fatty alcohols, alternative from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, alternatively from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, alternatively from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, by weight of the shampoo gel matrix; (ii) from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of one or more shampoo gel matrix surfactants, by weight of the shampoo gel matrix; and (iii) from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of an aqueous carrier, alternatively from <NUM>% to <NUM>% by weight of the shampoo gel matrix.

The fatty alcohols useful herein are those having from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, or <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated. Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohols include, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of cetyl and stearyl alcohol in a ratio of from <NUM>:<NUM> to <NUM>:<NUM> are suitable.

The shampoo gel matrix surfactants may be any of the detersive surfactants described in section "A" herein.

The aqueous carrier may comprise water, or a miscible mixture of water and organic solvent, and in one aspect may comprise water with minimal or no significant concentrations of organic solvent, except as otherwise incidentally incorporated into the composition as minor ingredients of other components.

The aqueous carrier useful herein includes water and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. The lower alkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having <NUM> to <NUM> carbons, in one aspect, ethanol and isopropanol. Exemplary polyhydric alcohols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and propane diol.

The compositions disclosed herein may contain one or more silicone conditioning agents. Examples of the silicones include dimethicones, dimethiconols, cyclic silicones, methylphenyl polysiloxane, and modified silicones with various functional groups such as amino groups, quaternary ammonium salt groups, aliphatic groups, alcohol groups, carboxylic acid groups, ether groups, sugar or polysaccharide groups, fluorine-modified alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, or combinations of such groups. Such silicones may be soluble or insoluble in the aqueous (or non-aqueous) product carrier. In the case of insoluble liquid silicones, the silicones can be in an emulsified form with droplet size of <NUM> to <NUM> micrometers Other solid or semi-solid conditioning agents may be present in the composition including high melting temperature fatty alcohols, acids, esters, amides or oligomers from unsaturated esters, alcohols, amides. The oligomeric esters may be the result of oligomerization of naturally-occurring unsaturated glyceride esters. Such solid or semi-solid conditioning agents may be added or present as mixtures with organic oils.

The hair care composition disclosed herein may also further comprise a nonionic polymer. The conditioning agent for use in the hair care composition disclosed herein may include a polyalkylene glycol polymer. For example, polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of more than <NUM> are useful herein. Useful are those having the following general formula (VIII):
<CHM>
wherein R<NUM> is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and mixtures thereof; and v is the number of ethoxy units. The polyalkylene glycols, such as polyethylene glycols, can be included in the hair care compositions disclosed herein at a level of from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. The polyethylene glycol may be present in an amount up to <NUM> wt. % based on the weight of the composition. Polyethylene glycol polymers useful herein are PEG-<NUM> (also known as Polyox WSR® N-<NUM>, which is available from Union Carbide and as PEG-<NUM>,<NUM>); PEG-<NUM> (also known as Polyox WSR® N-<NUM> and Polyox WSR® N-<NUM>, available from Union Carbide and as PEG-<NUM>,<NUM> and Polyethylene Glycol <NUM>,<NUM>); PEG-<NUM> (also known as Polyox WSR® N-<NUM> available from Union Carbide); PEG-<NUM> (also known as Polyox WSR® N-<NUM> available from Union Carbide); and PEG-<NUM> (also known as Polyox WSR® N-<NUM> available from Union Carbide).

The conditioning agent of the compositions disclosed herein may also comprise at least one organic conditioning material such as oil or wax, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents, such as the silicones described above. The organic material can be non-polymeric, oligomeric or polymeric. It may be in the form of oil or wax and may be added in the formulation neat or in a pre-emulsified form. Some non-limiting examples of organic conditioning materials include, but are not limited to: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins, iii) fatty esters, iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds, v) fatty alcohols, vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammonium compounds; viii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to <NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM> including those with CTFA names PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM>, PEG-<NUM> and mixtures thereof.

The hair care compositions disclosed herein may further comprise a deposition aid, such as a cationic polymer. Cationic polymers useful herein are those having an average molecular weight of at least <NUM>,<NUM>, alternatively from <NUM>,<NUM> to <NUM> million, and alternatively from <NUM>,<NUM> to <NUM> million.

Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone. Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol. Other suitable cationic polymers useful herein include, for example, cationic celluloses, cationic starches, and cationic guar gums.

The cationic polymer can be included in the hair care compositions disclosed herein at a level of from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. The cationic polymer may be present in an amount up to <NUM> wt% based on the weight of the composition.

The hair care composition may further comprise one or more additional benefit agents. The benefit agents comprise a material selected from the group consisting of anti-dandruff agents, anti-fungal agents, anti-itch agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-microbial agents, moisturization agents, anti-oxidants, vitamins, lipid soluble vitamins, chelants, perfumes, brighteners, enzymes, sensates, attractants, dyes, pigments, bleaches, and mixtures thereof.

In one aspect said benefit agent may comprise an anti-dandruff agent. Such anti-dandruff particulate should be physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition, and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics or performance.

The hair care composition may comprise an anti-dandruff active, which may be an anti-dandruff active particulate. The anti-dandruff active may be selected from the group consisting of: pyridinethione salts; azoles, such as ketoconazole, econazole, and elubiol; selenium sulphide; particulate sulfur; keratolytic agents such as salicylic acid; and mixtures thereof. The anti-dandruff particulate may be a pyridinethione salt.

Pyridinethione particulates are suitable particulate anti-dandruff actives. The anti-dandruff active may be a <NUM>-hydroxy-<NUM>-pyridinethione salt and is in particulate form. The concentration of pyridinethione anti-dandruff particulate may range from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. The pyridinethione salts may be those formed from heavy metals such as zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminium, and zirconium, generally zinc, typically the zinc salt of <NUM>-hydroxy-<NUM>-pyridinethione (known as "zinc pyridinethione" or "ZPT"), commonly <NUM>-hydroxy-<NUM>-pyridinethione salts in platelet particle form. The <NUM>-hydroxy-<NUM>-pyridinethione salts in platelet particle form may have an average particle size of up to <NUM> microns, or up to <NUM> microns, or up to <NUM> microns. Salts formed from other cations, such as sodium, may also be suitable. Pyridinethione anti-dandruff actives are described, for example, in <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>; and <CIT>.

In addition to the anti-dandruff active selected from polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, the composition may further comprise one or more anti-fungal and/or anti-microbial actives. The anti-microbial active may be selected from the group consisting of: coal tar, sulfur, charcoal, whitfield's ointment, castellani's paint, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, octopirox (piroctone olamine), ciclopirox olamine, undecylenic acid and its metal salts, potassium permanganate, selenium sulphide, sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, oil of bitter orange, urea preparations, griseofulvin, <NUM>-hydroxyquinoline ciloquinol, thiobendazole, thiocarbamates, haloprogin, polyenes, hydroxypyridone, morpholine, benzylamine, allylamines (such as terbinafine), tea tree oil, clove leaf oil, coriander, palmarosa, berberine, thyme red, cinnamon oil, cinnamic aldehyde, citronellic acid, hinokitol, ichthyol pale, Sensiva SC-<NUM>, Elestab HP-<NUM>, azelaic acid, lyticase, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), isothiazalinones such as octyl isothiazalinone, and azoles, and mixtures thereof. The anti-microbial may be selected from the group consisting of: itraconazole, ketoconazole, selenium sulphide, coal tar, and mixtures thereof.

The azole anti-microbials may be an imidazole selected from the group consisting of: benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butaconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole, croconazole, eberconazole, econazole, elubiol, fenticonazole, fluconazole, flutimazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, lanoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, neticonazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, tioconazole, thiazole, and mixtures thereof, or the azole anti-microbials is a triazole selected from the group consisting of: terconazole, itraconazole, and mixtures thereof. When present in the hair care composition, the azole anti-microbial active is included in an amount of from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. The azole anti-microbial active may be ketoconazole. The sole anti-microbial active may be ketoconazole.

Aspects of the hair care composition may also comprise a combination of anti-microbial actives. The combination of anti-microbial active may be selected from the group of combinations consisting of: octopirox and zinc pyrithione, pine tar and sulfur, salicylic acid, and zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid and elubiol, zinc pyrithione and elubiol, zinc pyrithione and climbasole, octopirox and climbasole, salicylic acid and octopirox, and mixtures thereof.

The composition may comprise an effective amount of a zinc-containing layered material. The composition may comprise from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. %, or from <NUM> wt. % to <NUM> wt. % of a zinc-containing layered material, by total weight of the composition.

Zinc-containing layered materials may be those with crystal growth primarily occurring in two dimensions. It is conventional to describe layer structures as not only those in which all the atoms are incorporated in well-defined layers, but also those in which there are ions or molecules between the layers, called gallery ions (<NPL>). Zinc-containing layered materials (ZLMs) may have zinc incorporated in the layers and/or be components of the gallery ions. The following classes of ZLMs represent relatively common examples of the general category and are not intended to be limiting as to the broader scope of materials which fit this definition.

Many ZLMs occur naturally as minerals. The ZLM may be selected from the group consisting of: hydrozincite (zinc carbonate hydroxide), aurichalcite (zinc copper carbonate hydroxide), rosasite (copper zinc carbonate hydroxide), and mixtures thereof. Related minerals that are zinc-containing may also be included in the composition. Natural ZLMs can also occur wherein anionic layer species such as clay-type minerals (e.g., phyllosilicates) contain ion-exchanged zinc gallery ions. All of these natural materials can also be obtained synthetically or formed in situ in a composition or during a production process.

Another common class of ZLMs, which are often, but not always, synthetic, is layered double hydroxides. The ZLM may be a layered double hydroxide conforming to the formula [M<NUM>+<NUM>-xM<NUM>+x(OH)<NUM>]x+ Am-x/m·nH<NUM>O wherein some or all of the divalent ions (M<NUM>+) are zinc ions (<NPL>).

Yet another class of ZLMs can be prepared called hydroxy double salts (<NPL>). The ZLM may be a hydroxy double salt conforming to the formula [M<NUM>+<NUM>-xM<NUM>+<NUM>+x(OH)<NUM>(<NUM>-y)]+ An-(<NUM>=3y)/n·nH<NUM>O where the two metal ions (M<NUM>+) may be the same or different. If they are the same and represented by zinc, the formula simplifies to [Zn<NUM>+x(OH)<NUM>]2x+ 2x A-·nHzO. This latter formula represents (where x=<NUM>) materials such as zinc hydroxychloride and zinc hydroxynitrate. The ZLM may be zinc hydroxychloride and/or zinc hydroxynitrate. These are related to hydrozincite as well wherein a divalent anion replaces the monovalent anion. These materials can also be formed in situ in a composition or in or during a production process.

In aspects having a zinc-containing layered material and a pyrithione or polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione, the ratio of zinc-containing layered material to pyrithione or a polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione may be from <NUM>:<NUM> to <NUM>:<NUM>, or from <NUM>:<NUM> to <NUM>:<NUM>, or from <NUM>:<NUM> to <NUM>:<NUM>.

The on-scalp deposition of the anti-dandruff active is at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>. The on-scalp deposition of the anti-dandruff active is important in view of ensuring that the anti-dandruff active reaches the scalp where it is able to perform its function. The deposition of the anti-dandruff active on the scalp may be at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>, or at least <NUM> microgram/cm<NUM>. The on-scalp deposition of the anti-dandruff active is measured by having the hair of individuals washed with a composition comprising an anti-dandruff active, for example a composition disclosed herein, by trained a cosmetician according to a conventional washing protocol. The hair is then parted on an area of the scalp to allow an open-ended glass cylinder to be held on the surface while an aliquot of an extraction solution is added and agitated prior to recovery and analytical determination of anti-dandruff active content by conventional methodology, such as HPLC.

The composition disclosed herein may comprise an aqueous carrier. The level and species of the carrier are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and other desired characteristic of the product.

The carrier useful in the disclosure herein includes water and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols. The lower alkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having <NUM> to <NUM> carbons, and in a further aspect, ethanol and isopropanol.

The aqueous carrier may be substantially water. Deionized water may be used. Water from natural sources including mineral cations can also be used, depending on the desired characteristic of the product. Generally, the compositions disclosed herein comprise from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>% water.

The rinse-off shampoo composition may comprise a rheology modifier. The rheology modifier increases the substantivity and stability of the composition, improve feel and consumer's use experience (e.g. non-dripping, spreadability).

Any suitable rheology modifier can be used. The hair care composition may comprise from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a rheology modifier, or, from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a rheology modifier, or, from <NUM>% to <NUM> % of a rheology modifier, or, from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a rheology modifier, or from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a rheology modifier. The rheology modifier may be a polyacrylamide thickener. The rheology modifier may be a polymeric rheology modifier.

The rinse-off shampoo composition may comprise rheology modifiers that are homopolymers based on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or other related derivatives, non-limiting examples include polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyethylacrylate, and polyacrylamide.

The rheology modifiers may be alkali swellable and hydrophobically-modified alkali swellable acrylic copolymers or methacrylate copolymers non-limiting examples include acrylic acid/acrylonitrogen copolymer, acrylates/steareth-<NUM> itaconate copolymer, acrylates/ceteth-<NUM> itaconate copolymer, acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer, acrylates/steareth-<NUM> methacrylate copolymer, acrylates/beheneth-<NUM> methacrylate copolymer, acrylates/steareth-<NUM> methacrylate crosspolymer, acrylates/vinylneodecanoate crosspolymer, and acrylates/C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer.

The rheology modifiers may be crosslinked acrylic polymers, a non-limiting example includes carbomers.

The rheology modifiers may be alginic acid-based materials; non-limiting examples include sodium alginate, and alginic acid propylene glycol esters.

The rheology modifier may be an associative polymeric thickeners, non-limiting examples include: Hydrophobically modified cellulose derivatives; Hydrophobically modified alkoxylated urethane polymers, nonlimiting example include PEG-<NUM>/decyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer, PEG-<NUM>/stearyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer, polyurethane-<NUM>; Hydrophobically modified, alkali swellable emulsions, non-limiting examples include hydrophobically modified polyacrylates, hydrophobically modified polyacrylic acids, and hydrophobically modified polyacrylamides; hydrophobically modified polyethers wherein these materials may have a hydrophobe that can be selected from cetyl, stearyl, oleayl, and combinations thereof, and a hydrophilic portion of repeating ethylene oxide groups with repeat units from <NUM>-<NUM>, or from <NUM>-<NUM>, or from <NUM>-<NUM>. Non-limiting examples of this class include PEG-<NUM>-methylglucose dioleate, PEG-(<NUM> or <NUM>) sorbitan tetraoleate, PEG -<NUM> pentaerythrityl tetrastearate, PEG-<NUM> propylene glycol oleate, PEG-<NUM> distearate.

The rheology modifier may be cellulose and derivatives; nonlimiting examples include microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, nitro cellulose, cellulose sulfate, cellulose powder, and hydrophobically modified celluloses.

The rheology modifier may be a guar and guar derivatives; nonlimiting examples include hydroxypropyl guar, and hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride.

The rheology modifier may be polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and POE-PPO copolymers.

The rheology modifier may be polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone and derivatives. In a further embodiment, the rheology modifier may be polyvinylalcohol and derivatives.

The rheology modifier may be polyethyleneimine and derivatives.

The rheology modifier may be silicas; nonlimiting examples include fumed silica, precipitated silica, and silicone-surface treated silica.

The rheology modifier may be water-swellable clays non-limiting examples include laponite, bentolite, montmorilonite, smectite, and hectonite.

The rheology modifier may be gums nonlimiting examples include xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, Arabia gum, tragacanth, galactan, carob gum, karaya gum, and locust bean gum.

The rheology modifier may be, dibenzylidene sorbitol, karaggenan, pectin, agar, quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill), starch (from rice, corn, potato, wheat, etc), starch-derivatives (e.g. carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch), algae extracts, dextran, succinoglucan, and pulleran.

The composition disclosed herein may comprise suspending agents including crystalline suspending agents which can be categorized as acyl derivatives, long chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. These suspending agents are described in <CIT>. These suspending agents include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids in one aspect having from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms. In one aspect, useful suspending agents include ethylene glycol stearates, both mono and distearate, but in one aspect, the distearate containing less than <NUM>% of the mono stearate. Other suitable suspending agents include alkanol amides of fatty acids, having from <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, or even <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, examples of which include stearic monoethanolamide, stearic diethanolamide, stearic monoisopropanolamide and stearic monoethanolamide stearate. Other long chain acyl derivatives include long chain esters of long chain fatty acids (e.g., stearyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, etc.); long chain esters of long chain alkanol amides (e.g., stearamide diethanolamide distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate); and glyceryl esters (e.g., glyceryl distearate, trihydroxystearin, tribehenin) a commercial example of which is Thixin® R available from Rheox, Inc. Long chain acyl derivatives, ethylene glycol esters of long chain carboxylic acids, long chain amine oxides, and alkanol amides of long chain carboxylic acids in addition to the materials listed above may be used as suspending agents. Other long chain acyl derivatives suitable for use as suspending agents include N,N-dihydrocarbyl amido benzoic acid and soluble salts thereof (e.g., Na, K), particularly N,N-di(hydrogenated) C16, C18 and tallow amido benzoic acid species of this family, which are commercially available from Stepan Company (Northfield, Ill. Examples of suitable long chain amine oxides for use as suspending agents include alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, e.g., stearyl dimethyl amine oxide. Other suitable suspending agents include primary amines having a fatty alkyl moiety having at least <NUM> carbon atoms, examples of which include palmitamine or stearamine, and secondary amines having two fatty alkyl moieties each having at least <NUM> carbon atoms, examples of which include dipalmitoylamine or di(hydrogenated tallow)amine. Still other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenated tallow)phthalic acid amide, and crosslinked maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymer.

Non-limiting examples of rheology modifiers include acrylamide/ammonium acrylate copolymer (and) polyisobutene (and) polysorbate <NUM>, acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer/ isohexadecane/ polysorbate <NUM>, acrylates copolymer; acrylates/beheneth-<NUM> methacrylate copolymer, acrylates/C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates/steareth-<NUM> itaconate copolymer, ammonium polyacrylate/Isohexadecane/PEG-<NUM> castor oil, C12-<NUM> alkyl PEG-<NUM> hydroxypropylhydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (HM-EHEC), carbomer, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dibenzylidene sorbitol, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (EHEC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), methylcellulose (MC), methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MEHEC), PEG-<NUM>/decyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer, PEG-<NUM>/stearyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer, polyacrylamide/C13-<NUM> isoparaffin/laureth-<NUM>; polyacrylate <NUM>/polyisobutene/polysorbate <NUM>; polyacrylate crosspolymer-<NUM>, polyamide-<NUM>; polyquaternium-<NUM> (and) hydrogenated polydecene (and) trideceth-<NUM>, polyurethane-<NUM>, sodium acrylate/acryloyldimethyltaurate/dimethylacrylamide, crosspolymer (and) isohexadecane (and) polysorbate <NUM>; sodium polyacrylate. Exemplary commercially-available rheology modifiers include ACULYN™ <NUM>, Klucel™ M CS, Klucel™ H CS, Klucel™ G CS, SYLVACLEAR™ AF1900V, SYLVACLEAR™ PA1200V, Benecel™ E10M, Benecel™ K35M, Optasense™ RMC70, ACULYN™<NUM>, ACULYN™<NUM>, ACULYN™<NUM>, ACULYN™<NUM>, Carbopol Ultrez™ <NUM>, Carbopol Ultrez™ <NUM>, Carbopol Ultrez™ <NUM>, Carbopol Ulterez™ <NUM>, Carbopol™ <NUM>, Carbopol™ <NUM>, Carbopol™ <NUM>, Carbopol™ <NUM>, Carbopol™ <NUM>, and Carbopol™ <NUM>, Acrysol™ <NUM>, Sepigel™ <NUM>, Simulgel™<NUM>, Sepimax Zen, Simulquat HC <NUM> and combinations thereof.

Below is the data of the difference of % water reduction of hair treated with leave on composition containing <NUM>% salicylic acid in ethanol: water (<NUM>:<NUM>) at various values of pH vs control (hair treated with composition of ethanol:water (<NUM>:<NUM>). As shown in below table, at lower pH, the present disclosure demonstrates improved performance compared to higher pH.

The pH of a composition disclosed herein comprising material from Molecular Class I may be in the range of from <NUM> to <NUM>, or a pH of from <NUM> to <NUM>, or a pH of from <NUM> to <NUM>.

The following are non-limiting examples of the present disclosure. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure, as many variations thereof are possible, which would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

The shampoo composition delivers consumer desired shampooing in addition to preventing water uptake inside the hair at high humidity.

The shampoo composition comprises from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, alternatively from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, alternatively from <NUM>% to <NUM>% of a compound being salicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid; or <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid, by weight of the shampoo composition. After applying to the hair a shampoo composition as described herein, the method then comprises rinsing the shampoo composition from the hair.

All testing are performed on Virgin Caucasian Hair weighing approximately <NUM> grams and having a length of approximately <NUM> inches for Dynamic Vapor Sorption measurement and Caucasian Damaged Frizzy hair switches weighing approximately <NUM> grams and having a length of approximately <NUM> inches for Frizz Reduction. The hair switches are commercially available from IHIP (International Hair Importers). Three hair switches per rinse-off compositions per dosage are used. Each hair switch is pre-washed with clarifying shampoo and allowed to dry. An amount of <NUM> of the shampoo composition is spread via a syringe onto the separate pre-washed hair switch. That is, the dosage is <NUM> of shampoo per g of hair. Each application consists of adding shampoo to the hair, milking for <NUM> seconds followed by rinsing for <NUM> seconds. Excess water is squeezed from the hair switches and blow dried. This protocol is repeated for <NUM> times/cycles.

The hair switches that are treated with the shampoo compositions are evaluated using the following methodologies.

After the hair is exposed to the shampoo treatment, it is blow-dried and analyzed for water absorption-desorption as a function of Relative Humidity (RH) according to the following procedure using Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) method. More specifically, the hair switch is weighed and hold for equilibration at <NUM>% RH for <NUM> hours. After the <NUM>-hour period, the RH is increased to <NUM>% and maintained at this level for <NUM> hours. Then, the RH is increased by <NUM>% after every <NUM> hours interval until it reaches <NUM>% RH. The % water reduction is calculated as follows:.

The standard error for DVS measurement is less than <NUM>.

<NUM>-<NUM> of hair are added to <NUM> of Extraction Solvent A i.e. Acetone with <NUM>% TFA (Trifluoroacetic acid) for <NUM>. Add an additional <NUM> of Extraction Solvent A to the vial with the hair for another <NUM>. The extract is transferred into the same vial containing the first extract. This sample is for determining the surface <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid or salicylic acid. Add <NUM> of Extraction Solvent B i.e., pH <NUM> Ammonia buffer:MeOH (<NUM>:<NUM>), kept for overnight (for at least <NUM>). This sample is for determining the internal <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid or salicylic acid.

The hair switches are thoroughly blow-dried after the treatment with shampoo while holding the hair switch with all the hair fibers at the tip and then the hair switches are heat straightened by sectioning the hair into three parts and then heat with flat iron for <NUM> passes at <NUM>-<NUM> F. Hair switches are then kept at low humidity (between <NUM>-<NUM>% RH) for equilibration for at least an hour. After the equilibration period, the hair switches are transferred to high humidity chamber (<NUM>-<NUM>% RH) for frizz assessment. Image of hair switches using a NIR Camera with parallel polarizers and are taken immediately after insertion of the hair into the high humidity chamber (t<NUM>). Another image is taken after <NUM> hours (t<NUM>). The pixels are analyzed (selecting the entire hair switch) for 2D projection of volume (using vncviewer software). Then, the mean projected area is determined for the hair switch at t<NUM> (At0) and for the hair at t<NUM> (At3h) and the frizz calculated using the equation given below. Each experiment is repeated with <NUM> hair switches. The percent Frizz is calculated using below equation: <MAT> <MAT>.

The standard error for Frizz measurement is less than <NUM>.

Results obtained from DVS measurements and the results from the determination of the frizz reduction methodology of various switches indicate that there is a correlation between the two methods. In other words, hair switches that show high water reduction also show % higher frizz reduction as shown in <FIG>.

<FIG> depicting correlation of % water reduction vs % frizz reduction, where hair switches with different dosage are treated and their % water reduction and % frizz reduction is measured using DVS and frizz method respectively.

<FIG> is a plot depicting that there is a monotonic correlation between % water reduction and % frizz reduction. As material dosage increases, % water reduction increase resulting in increase in % frizz reduction i.e. more frizz control.

As <FIG> demonstrates, there is a monotonic correlation between % water reduction and % frizz reduction. As material dosage increases, more material penetrates into hair, The % water reduction at high humidity increases resulting in an increase in % frizz reduction i.e. more frizz control. This confirms the disclosure's technical hypothesis of material penetration, interaction with hair protein and decrease of water uptake inside hair at high humidity resulting in frizz control.

Results: Formula B to I showed % water reduction at high humidity. The addition of two or more moisture control materials to shampoo formulation shows higher % water reduction than one moisture control material.

Results table below shows ppm of salicylic acid (SA) penetration into hair.

Salicylic acid (SA) penetration (ppm) inside hair. pH of the shampoo formulation has been demonstrated to have an effect for salicylic acid penetration. It is shown that in all the pH <NUM> formulas SA penetration inside hair increased as the number of uses increase, i.e., SA is accumulating inside hair every time the shampoo is used. This is in contrast to the pH <NUM> formulas, while the amount of penetrated is higher than the pH <NUM> formulas after one shampoo, SA is not accumulated after multiple uses.

Moisture (DVS) reduction. The table below demonstrates % moisture (DVS) reduction for the composition disclosed herein vs control compositions. Hair treated with the shampoos containing the moisture active shows decreased moisture pickup at <NUM>% humidity vs. control formulations.

Cleansing of hair with shampoo containing a Moisture Control Material, such as salicylic acid, result in absorption of smaller quantity of moisture than hair that is cleaned with shampoo having the similar composition but which does not contain the Moisture Control Material, as it can be seen in the DVS data that are summarized in the above table. The tables above also indicate that shampoo compositions having lower pH (pH <NUM> instead of <NUM>), allow for higher accumulation of the Moisture Control Material inside the hair over multiple shampoo cleansing cycles.

The leave-on treatment compositions are prepared by adding the Moisture Control Materials and perfume, if needed, into a <NUM>:<NUM> ethanol/water carrier and stirred until complete dissolution. The solution pH is adjusted using sodium hydroxide (<NUM>% w/w) to a final pH of <NUM>-<NUM>. The Sepigel <NUM> is then added, if needed, and the solution is mixed using a high-speed-mixer for <NUM>-<NUM> minutes at <NUM>-<NUM> rpm until a uniform composition is obtained.

An amount of <NUM> of each composition of Examples I to IV is spread via a syringe onto separate natural virgin brown hair switches weighing <NUM> (dosage <NUM> of solution per g of hair). The hair is allowed to air dry and then analyzed using the DVS method described above. The experiment is repeated for a dosage of <NUM> of solution per g of hair. The hair in this case is also assessed by expert graders, as described below, in addition to the DVS analysis.

Hair Switch Feel Assessment Method: The treated hair switches are kept at high humidity (above <NUM>% RH) for <NUM> hrs and then ten expert graders are asked to rate each of them in terms of tactile feel based on a <NUM> point scale, <NUM> being the highest (best feel) and <NUM> being the lowest rating.

Results: Formula I to XIII showed % water reduction at high humidity. Higher % water reductions are observed in hair treated with higher doses of leave-on Formulas I-XIII.

The feel assessment results indicate that combinations of.

provide, not only water absorption reduction (resulting in frizz benefit), but also tactile feel benefit. This is shown by the feel comparisons of (a) Example XI versus Examples VIII and IX, (b) Example XII versus Examples VIII and X, and (c) Example XIII versus Examples VIII, IX and X.

Additional leave-on treatment compositions are prepared (Tables <NUM> and <NUM>) according to the procedure described above, which are used to treat hair switches using the procedure described above (amount of <NUM> of composition per g of hair). The switch is kept at high humidity (above <NUM>%) for <NUM> hours. Then, ten experts are asked to rate each hair switch in terms of frizz, clean feel, and greasy feel, based on a <NUM> point scale, <NUM> being the highest and <NUM> being the lowest rating. Acceptable values are:.

Results of Hair Switch Rating from Class I Molecules: Molecules (<NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid, salicylic acid, <NUM>-hydroxybenzenesulphonic acid, <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid) from Class I provide hair benefits. More specifically, Table <NUM> shows that hair treatments with <NUM>-chlorosalicyclic acid, salicylic acid, <NUM>-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid and <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid provide frizz protection with clean feel and without greasy feel negative, as opposed to treatment with terminal aminosilicone, which provide some frizz benefit but with greasy feel negative and significantly less clean feel.

Results of Hair Switch Rating from Class II Molecules: Molecules (Isostearyl isostearate, <NUM>-hydroxylethyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, <NUM>-hexyl-<NUM>-decanol) from Class II provide hair benefits. More specifically, Table <NUM> shows that hair treatment with isostearyl isostearate, <NUM>-hydroxyethyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, and <NUM>-hexyl-<NUM>-decanol provide frizz protection with clean feel and without greasy feel negative, as opposed to treatment with terminal aminosilicone, which provide some frizz benefit but with greasy feel negative and significantly less clean feel.

Leave-on formulation containing Moisture Control Material and Silicone oil shows improvement in dry feel compared to untreated hair. This is concluded by measurement of dry hair friction. For this evaluation, natural virgin brown hair switches (<NUM>) are washed with clarifying shampoo, and then treated with leave-on treatment of composition XXIV according to the protocol described above. Before the evaluation, the switches are air dried overnight in a controlled temperature and humidity room (<NUM>/<NUM>% RH). The friction force (grams) between the hair surface and a urethane pad along the hair is measured, with three measurements per switch using an Instron Tester instrument (Instron <NUM>, Instron, Inc, Canton, Mass.

As Table <NUM> indicates, treatment of hair with leave-on composition containing Moisture Control material and silicone oil results in reduced hair friction, which indicates improved dry feel.

It is known that organic hydrophobic molecules that are naturally present inside the hair (e.g. as part of Cell Membrane Complex lipids) contribute to its strength and integrity. It is also known that cosmetic treatments, such as oxidative coloring and permanent shaping result in reduction of the concentration of such hydrophobic material from hair. Thus, penetration of hydrophobic materials (e.g. Class II materials) inside the hair can contribute to lipid replenishment, which, at the same time, reduces water uptake to deliver moisture or frizz control benefit. Combination of different Class II materials e.g. benzyl alcohol, <NUM>-hexyl-<NUM>-decanol, isostearyl isostearate, have multi-functionality of penetration, getting embedded into lipid of hair and also increasing the penetration of other hydrophobic materials like oleic resulting in further increase hydrophobicity of the hair interior.

One of Example of the leave on formulation compositions can be prepared by any conventional method well known in the art containing gel matrix. The cationic surfactants and the fatty alcohols are mixed together and heated to from <NUM> to <NUM> to form an oil phase. Separately, the disodium EDTA, the Methylchloroisothiazolinone (preservative) and the water are mixed and heated to from <NUM> to <NUM> to form an aqueous phase. The oil phase is mixed into the water phase under high shear to form the gel matrix. The remaining of the components are added into the gel matrix with agitation. Then, the composition is cooled down to room temperature.

Results: Hair Switches that are treated with leave on treatment of example XXVI, using the leave on hair treatment protocol described in page <NUM>-<NUM>, shows % water reduction by DVS method of <NUM>% vs hair treated with example XXV control.

Compositions can comprise of glycols, polyglycols, urea, ethers or mixture thereof. These materials increase penetration of moisture control actives such as salicylic acid, <NUM>-chloro salicylic acid, improving their performance. Propylene glycol, butylene glycol and other glycols, increase penetration of <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid inside hair as it acts as carrier for the actives to penetrate further. As active penetration increases, there is an increase in efficacy of the active, i.e. there is increase in % water reduction as shown below in Table <NUM>. Table <NUM> shows the amount of <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid that penetrates inside oxidatively damaged hair after hair treatment with two different compositions. It also shows the % water reduction observed after the treatment versus treatment with control leave-on treatment compositions. These results demonstrate that <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid penetrates <NUM> times more in the presence of propylene glycol and there is an increase in % water reduction as measured by DVS of approximate <NUM> times more than without propylene glycol. Another example of material that enhances the penetration of moisture control material is <NUM>-hydroxyethyl urea. Leave on treatment composition that contain <NUM>% of <NUM>-hydroxyethyl urea increases the penetration of salicylic acid inside hair by <NUM>% compared to the corresponding composition that does not contain <NUM>-hydroxyethyl urea (see example XXIX and XXX).

The penetration amount of <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid is determined using penetration method disclosed in the Evaluation Methods for active penetration inside hair.

In addition to the increase of the penetration amount of the moisture control material, the presence of glycol in the composition prevents the crystallization of part of the moisture control material in the surface of the hair. Such crystallization causes a non-smooth, negative hair feel, which may be perceived by consumers as hair damage or lack of conditioning.

Claim 1:
A shampoo composition for hair frizz reduction comprising:
a total amount from <NUM>% to <NUM>%, by weight of a moisture control material or mixture of moisture control materials, by weight of the shampoo composition, wherein the moisture control material is selected from one or more of the following:
<CHM>
wherein R' is -COOY, sulfonic acid, or C=CH-COOY, Y is hydrogen or a metal ion, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM> is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, allyl, methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxyl, halogen, sulfate, sulfonate, or nitro, and wherein the moisture control material is an acidic material and further wherein the moisture control material has a % Protein binding higher than <NUM> and Molecular Volume lower than <NUM> and Partition coefficient octanol to water (log P) lower than <NUM> and hydrogen binding higher than <NUM> and pKa lower than <NUM>;
wherein the moisture control material comprises salicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid; or <NUM>-chlorosalicylic acid in combination with <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydroxybenzoic acid, wherein the total amount of moisture control material or mixture of moisture control materials ranges from <NUM>% to <NUM>% by weight of the shampoo composition.