Patent Description:
Spray nozzles emit liquid sprays for application on various surfaces. Spray nozzles emit the liquid through a spray orifice. The spray characteristics of the liquid spray, such as the shape of the fan and the size of the droplets, vary based on the dimensional characteristics of the spray orifice, such as size and shape, and the flow characteristics of the liquid, such as flow rate and pressure. The pressure and flow rate of the liquid through the nozzle also affects the spray characteristics. Spray nozzles include internal valving to control the liquid flow to the spray orifice.

Patent Application Publication No. <CIT> discloses a spray nozzle having a nozzle body defining a flow path from an inlet to a spray orifice. An orifice valve controls the flow of liquid through the spray orifice and a flow control valve controls the flow of liquid through a flow control opening to the outlet orifice. A pressure sensor and a flow sensor are used to determine the input pressure and the flow rate of the liquid. A controller uses the sensed pressure and flow rate to control actuation of the orifice valve and the flow control valve to achieve a desired application rate.

According to one aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a nozzle for an agricultural spraying implement as set out in claim <NUM>. Further optional features of the nozzle according to this aspect of the invention are set out in the claims dependent on claim <NUM>.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of operating an agricultural spray nozzle as set out in claim <NUM>. Optional features of the method according to this aspect of the invention are set out in the claim dependent on claim <NUM>.

<FIG> is a block schematic diagram of spray system <NUM>. Spray system <NUM> includes supply tank <NUM>, booms <NUM>, distribution lines <NUM>, nozzles <NUM>, bleed lines <NUM>, system sensors <NUM>, control module <NUM>, and user interface <NUM>. Each nozzle <NUM> includes sensor(s) <NUM>, spray valve(s) <NUM>, bleed valve <NUM>, and nozzle controller <NUM>. Control module <NUM> includes control circuitry <NUM> and memory <NUM>.

Spray system <NUM> is configured to apply liquid sprays onto a target surface via nozzles <NUM>. For example, spray system <NUM> can be configured as part of an agricultural spraying system configured to apply liquid sprays to fields. Spray system <NUM> can be configured to apply herbicides, pesticides, fungicides, and liquid fertilizers, among other options. In some examples, spray system <NUM> can be integrated into a self-propelled agricultural sprayer. In other examples, spray system <NUM> can be attached to and towed by another agricultural implement. While spray system <NUM> is described as implemented in an agricultural sprayer, it is understood that spray system <NUM> can be operated according to the techniques described herein in multiple environments and across a variety of applications. System sensors <NUM> are configured to generate data regarding spray system <NUM> during operation. For example, system sensors <NUM> can be configured to generate any one or more of geo-positioning data, ground speed data, and wheel deflection data, among other types of data.

Control module <NUM> is configured to generate and provide spray commands to nozzles <NUM> to cause nozzles <NUM> to emit liquid sprays according to the commanded application rate and droplet size. Control module <NUM> can be configured to provide individual commands to each nozzle <NUM>. For example, control module <NUM> can generate individual spray commands for each nozzle <NUM> and communicate each individual spray command to each nozzle controller <NUM> to thereby control the spray parameters of the liquid spray emitted by each nozzle <NUM>. In one example, the spray commands cause each nozzle <NUM> to emit a liquid spray having a specified droplet size at a specified application rate. The spray command can be based on any desired input parameter. For example, a prescription map for a field can be stored in memory <NUM> of control module <NUM>, and control module <NUM> can generate the spray commands based on the prescription map. Control module <NUM> can be configured to generate the spray commands based on geo-positioning data. For example, system sensors <NUM> can include a geo-positioning receiver communicatively linked to control module <NUM>. Control module <NUM> can be configured to generate commands based on based on location data from GPS (Global Positioning System), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), GPS/RTK (GPS/Real Time Kinematic), or equivalent systems.

Control module <NUM> can be of any suitable configuration for controlling operation of components of spray system <NUM>, gathering data, processing data, etc. For example, control module <NUM> can generate spray commands, send the spray commands to nozzles <NUM>, and receive data from nozzles <NUM>. As such, control module <NUM> can be of any type suitable for operating in accordance with the techniques described herein. In some examples, control module <NUM> can be implemented as a plurality of discrete circuity subassemblies. In some examples, control module <NUM> can be integrated with the control system for the agricultural implement. In other examples, control module <NUM> can be separate from and in communication with the control system of the agricultural implement.

Control circuitry <NUM> is configured to implement functionality and/or process instructions. Control circuitry <NUM> can include one or more processors, configured to implement functionality and/or process instructions. For example, control circuitry <NUM> can be capable of processing instructions stored in memory <NUM>. Examples of control circuitry <NUM> can include any one or more of a microprocessor, a controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other equivalent discrete or integrated logic circuitry.

In some examples, control circuitry <NUM> can include communications circuitry configured to facilitate wired or wireless communications. For example, the communications circuitry can facilitate radio frequency communications and/or can facilitate communications over a network, such as a local area network, wide area network, and/or the Internet.

Memory <NUM>, in some examples, is described as computer-readable storage media. In some examples, a computer-readable storage medium can include a non-transitory medium. The term "non-transitory" can indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium can store data that can, over time, change (e.g., in RAM or cache). In some examples, memory <NUM> is a temporary memory, meaning that a primary purpose of memory <NUM> is not long-term storage. Memory <NUM>, in some examples, is described as volatile memory, meaning that memory <NUM> does not maintain stored contents when power to spray system <NUM> is turned off. Examples of volatile memories can include random access memories (RAM), dynamic random access memories (DRAM), static random access memories (SRAM), and other forms of volatile memories. In some examples, memory <NUM> is used to store program instructions for execution by control circuitry <NUM>. For example, memory <NUM> can store instructions that, when executed by control circuitry <NUM>, cause control module <NUM> to generate spray commands. Memory <NUM>, in one example, is used by software or applications running on control circuitry <NUM> to temporarily store information during program execution.

Memory <NUM>, in some examples, also includes one or more computer-readable storage media. Memory <NUM> can be configured to store larger amounts of information than volatile memory. Memory <NUM> can further be configured for long-term storage of information. In some examples, memory <NUM> includes non-volatile storage elements. For example, spray system <NUM> can include non-volatile storage elements such as flash memories or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories. In some examples, memory <NUM> can be external and can be received in a memory card slot of spray system <NUM>. For example, memory <NUM> can be an external hard drive, flash drive, memory card, secure digital (SD) card, micro SD card, or other such device.

User interface <NUM> can be any graphical and/or mechanical interface that enables user interaction with control module <NUM>. For example, user interface <NUM> can implement a graphical user interface displayed at a display device of user interface <NUM> for presenting information to and/or receiving input from a user. User interface <NUM> can include graphical navigation and control elements, such as graphical buttons or other graphical control elements presented at the display device. User interface <NUM>, in some examples, includes physical navigation and control elements, such as physically-actuated buttons or other physical navigation and control elements. In general, user interface <NUM> can include any input and/or output devices and control elements that can enable user interaction with control module <NUM>. In some examples, user interface <NUM> can be integrated into a cab of an agricultural spraying implement.

Supply tank <NUM> stores a supply of liquid for spraying. Supply tank <NUM> can be mounted to a frame and/or supported by a surface. For example, supply tank <NUM> can be mounted to the frame of the agricultural spraying implement and/or supported by the bed of a truck or other vehicle. Spray system <NUM> can include a motive device of any desired configuration for driving the liquid through distribution lines <NUM>. For example, supply tank <NUM> can be pressurized and/or a pump can be disposed to pump the liquid from supply tank <NUM> through distribution lines <NUM> to nozzles <NUM>.

Distribution lines <NUM> are fluidly connected to supply tank <NUM> to receive liquid from supply tank <NUM>. Distribution lines <NUM> can be of any configuration suitable for conveying the liquid from supply tank <NUM> to nozzles <NUM>. Distribution lines <NUM> can be tubular supply manifolds that project from an agricultural spraying implement. Distribution lines <NUM> can be supported by boom <NUM> that projects laterally from the implement relative to a direction of travel of the implement. The booms <NUM> can be employed as a single structure or multiple structures supported by the body of the agricultural spraying implement. For example, boom <NUM> can have two structural sections extending laterally from opposite sides of the implement. In some examples, multiple nozzles <NUM> can be connected to a common distribution line <NUM> such that the distribution line <NUM> feeds each of the multiple nozzles <NUM>. In other examples, distribution lines <NUM> can include multiple individual flow tubes extending to nozzles <NUM>. In one example, spray system <NUM> can include the same number of flow tubes as nozzles <NUM>.

Nozzles <NUM> are mounted on distribution lines <NUM> to receive the liquid from distribution lines <NUM> and to expel the liquid as a spray. Nozzles <NUM> generate liquid sprays for application on the target surface, such as application in a field. Each nozzle <NUM> is configured to direct a spray portion of the liquid received from distribution line <NUM> through a spray outlet of that nozzle <NUM>. Each nozzle <NUM> is further configured to direct a bleed portion of the liquid received from distribution line <NUM> through bleed line <NUM>.

Bleed lines <NUM> are fluidly connected to supply tank <NUM> and are configured to route the bleed portion from each nozzle <NUM> to supply tank <NUM>. In one example, each bleed line <NUM> extends to supply tank <NUM>. In another example, multiple bleed lines <NUM> extend to and are fluidly connected with a common return line that directs the bleed portions back to supply tank <NUM>. It is understood that spray system <NUM> can include as many or as few return lines as desired.

Sensors <NUM> are configured to generate spray data regarding nozzle <NUM>. The spray data includes liquid parameter information and can include valve position information. Sensors <NUM> can include one or more sensors of various configurations. For example, sensors <NUM> can include valve sensors associated with spray valves <NUM> and/or bleed valves <NUM> and configured to generate the valve position information. Sensors <NUM> include parameter sensors configured to generate the liquid parameter information. Each nozzle <NUM> can include multiple sensors <NUM> of different types. For example, nozzle <NUM> can include both valve sensors configured to generate valve position information and parameter sensors configured to generate liquid parameter information. Sensors <NUM> are configured to provide the spray data to control module <NUM> and/or nozzle controller <NUM>.

The valve position information includes information related to the positioning of components of spray valves <NUM> and bleed valves <NUM>. For example, one or both of spray valves <NUM> and bleed valves <NUM> can be actuated by a stepper motor, and the valve position information can be a step count. In other examples, sensor <NUM> can be a transducer, such as a linear transducer, configured to sense displacement of the valve member of spray valve <NUM> and/or bleed valve <NUM>. It is thus understood that each nozzle <NUM> can include the same number of valve sensors as spray valves <NUM> and/or bleed valves <NUM>.

The liquid parameter information includes information relating to the liquid flowing through nozzle <NUM>. For example, the liquid parameter information can include the volumetric flow of the liquid and/or the pressure of the liquid flowing through nozzle <NUM>, among other options. Sensor <NUM> can thus include one or more flow sensors configured to sense liquid flow rates, can include one or more pressure sensors configured to sense liquid pressures, or can be of any other type suitable for generating liquid parameter information.

In some examples, sensors <NUM> can also include spray fan sensors. For example, a sensor <NUM> can be configured to sense the presence of the spray fan emitted from nozzle <NUM> and characteristics of that spray fan, such as fan width droplet size. The spray fan sensor <NUM> can generate and provide spray fan information to one or both of nozzle controller <NUM> and control module <NUM>.

Spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> are disposed in nozzle <NUM> and are configured to control the spray characteristics of the liquid spray emitted by nozzle <NUM>. Spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> are controlled in tandem to control both the flow rate and pressure at the spray outlet, which flow rate and pressure affect the spray characteristics. Spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> are actively controlled during operation. A flowpath extends through each nozzle from distribution line <NUM> to a spray outlet. The flowpath splits into a bleed path and a spray path within nozzle <NUM>. The bleed path directs the bleed portion to bleed line <NUM>, and the spray path directs the spray portion to the spray outlet.

Bleed valve <NUM> is disposed in nozzle <NUM> and is configured to control flow of the bleed portion of the liquid from the common flowpath to bleed line <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM> is capable of being actuated to a variety of open positions, with each of the open positions corresponding to a different flow path size through nozzle <NUM> to bleed line <NUM>. The positioning of bleed valve <NUM> controls the liquid flow rate through bleed line <NUM> and to supply tank <NUM>. In one example, bleed valve <NUM> is an annular valve. It is understood, however, that bleed valve <NUM> can be of any type suitable for controlling flow through bleed line <NUM>, such as a needle valve, disk valve, or ball valve, among other options. Bleeding some of the liquid flow through nozzle <NUM> reduces the flow rate at the spray outlet.

Spray valve <NUM> is disposed in nozzle <NUM> and configured to control flow of the spray portion of the liquid from distribution line <NUM> to the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>. In some examples, each nozzle <NUM> can include multiple spray valves controlling the flow of liquid. For example, a first spray valve <NUM> can be disposed upstream of the intersection between the bleed path and the spray path and a second spray valve <NUM> can be disposed in the spray path downstream of the intersection between the bleed path and the spray path. The first spray valve <NUM> can control the liquid flow to each of bleed valve <NUM> and a second spray valve <NUM>, while the second spray valve <NUM> can control flow of the spray portion. For example, the second spray valve <NUM> can be disposed at the spray outlet to control the characteristics of the spray outlet. As such, the first spray valve <NUM> can control the dimensions of a flowpath through the body of nozzle <NUM> and the second spray valve <NUM> can control the configuration of the orifice through which the liquid is ejected as a spray.

While nozzle <NUM> is described as including multiple spray valves <NUM>, it is understood that nozzle <NUM> can include a single spray valve. In embodiments according to the invention having a single spray valve, the single spray valve <NUM> is an orifice valve disposed on the flowpath and configured to control flow of a spray portion of the liquid through the spray outlet.

Spray valve <NUM> can be actuated to any desired position to generate the liquid spray having the desired flow rate and droplet size. In examples where nozzle <NUM> includes multiple spray valves <NUM>, it is understood that the spray valves <NUM> can all be of the same configuration or can be of differing configurations. In examples where nozzle <NUM> includes multiple spray valves <NUM>, the spray valves <NUM> can be individually controlled to generate a spray having the desired flow rate and droplet size. In one example, one or more of the spray valves <NUM> include annular valves. It is understood, however, that spray valve <NUM> can be of any type suitable for controlling flow, such as a needle valve, disk valve, or ball valve, among other options.

In one example, each of bleed valve <NUM> and a spray valve <NUM> include an annular valve. An annular spray valve <NUM> can be disposed on the flowpath upstream of the intersection between the bleed line and the spray line. An annular bleed valve <NUM> can be a second annular valve controlling flow of the bleed portion. The annular spray valve <NUM> controls flow of the liquid into nozzle <NUM> from distribution line <NUM>. The annular bleed valve <NUM> control flow of the bleed portion to bleed line <NUM>. The annular spray valve <NUM> and annular bleed valve <NUM> can be controlled in tandem to control the flow parameters of the spray portion of the liquid. Controlling the annular spray valve <NUM> and the annular bleed valve <NUM> in tandem allows the spray system to control both the pressure and the flow rate of the spray portion flowing to the spray outlet.

Nozzle controller <NUM> is integrated into nozzle <NUM>. Nozzle controller <NUM> is configured to actuate spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> based on spray commands from control module <NUM>, the state of spray system <NUM>, and feedback from sensors <NUM>. Nozzle controller <NUM> is configured to cause spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> to actuate to positions such that the spray portion of the liquid is emitted from nozzle <NUM> at a desired application rate and droplet size. Nozzle controller <NUM> actively controls the positioning of each of bleed valve <NUM> and spray valve <NUM> based the liquid parameter information from sensor <NUM>, thereby ensuring that nozzle <NUM> emits liquid according to the spray command. Nozzle controller <NUM> can be of any type suitable for controlling actuation of valve <NUM> based on commands from control module <NUM> and/or on spray data from sensor <NUM>. Nozzle controller <NUM> can include control circuitry and memory. For example, nozzle controller <NUM> can include a microprocessor, a controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other equivalent discrete or integrated logic circuitry.

The application rate is a product of both the flow rate of the liquid in nozzle <NUM> and the speed of nozzle <NUM> relative to the surface being sprayed (i.e., the relative ground speed of nozzle <NUM>). Nozzle controller <NUM> can be configured to determine the relative ground speed of nozzle <NUM> based on the location of nozzle <NUM> on distribution line <NUM> and on the ground speed of spray system <NUM>. For example, system sensors <NUM> can include ground speed sensors, such as speed sensors incorporating geo-positioning receivers. In one example, the ground speed sensors can be disposed at opposite ends of distribution lines <NUM>. Nozzle controller <NUM> can determine the relative speed of its nozzle <NUM> based on the location of its nozzle <NUM> along distribution line <NUM> and the ground speed each end of distribution line <NUM>. It is understood, however, that system sensors <NUM> can include any type of sensor suitable for generating the ground speed data. Nozzle controller <NUM> can be configured to determine the relative ground speed of nozzle <NUM> according to any suitable technique. Nozzle controller <NUM> can alter the positions of bleed valve <NUM> and spray valve <NUM> based on the relative ground speed to emit the spray at the desired application rate.

It is understood that the desired droplet size can include a spray consisting of a skewed distribution of multiple droplet sizes that are characterized by a representative diameter (e.g., a volume median diameter (DV0. <NUM>)) or in relation to droplet size categories (e.g., as defined by American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE S-<NUM>). As such, the desired droplet size can be understood as a representative diameter and/or based on a standardized category.

During operation, system <NUM> generates liquid sprays and applies the liquid sprays to a target surface. In one example, spray system <NUM> is an agricultural spray system that is traversed over a field and applies sprays of agricultural liquid to the field. The liquid flows through distribution lines <NUM> to nozzles <NUM> at a pressure generated by the motive device, such as a pump, associated with supply tank <NUM>.

Control module <NUM> generates spray commands and transmits the spray commands to nozzles <NUM> to cause nozzles <NUM> to emit liquid sprays according to the commanded application rate and droplet size. The spray command is received by nozzle controller <NUM>. For each nozzle <NUM>, nozzle controller <NUM> actuates spray valve <NUM> to a spray position and bleed valve <NUM> to a bleed position associated with the first application rate and first droplet size based on the spray command. Sensors <NUM> generate spray data, including valve position information based on the positions of bleed valve <NUM> and spray valve <NUM> and liquid parameter information based on the flow and pressure of the liquid through nozzle <NUM>. The actuation of bleed valve <NUM> is sensed by a sensor <NUM> associated with bleed valve <NUM>. The actuation of spray valve <NUM> is sensed by a sensor <NUM> associate with spray valve <NUM>. Sensors <NUM> generate valve position information based on actuation state of bleed valve <NUM> and spray valve <NUM>. The valve position information provides the position to which valve <NUM> is actuated based on the spray command. Other ones of sensors <NUM>, such as one or more flow meters and pressure sensors, sense parameters of the liquid flowing through nozzle <NUM> and generate liquid parameter information. Sensors <NUM> can transmit the spray data, including valve position information and liquid parameter information, to control module <NUM> and/or nozzle controller <NUM>.

The positions of bleed valve <NUM> and spray valve <NUM> are actively controlled to ensure that the liquid spray has the desired spray characteristics. Varying the position of spray valve <NUM> changes the size of the restriction associated with spray valve <NUM>. Varying the size of the restriction controls the pressure drop and flow rate through spray valve <NUM>. In examples where a spray valve <NUM> is also disposed upstream of the location where the flowpath splits into the bleed path and the spray path, this spray valve <NUM> controls the flow rate and pressure at the intersection.

Bleed valve <NUM> provides additional flow control for nozzle <NUM>. Actuating bleed valve <NUM> to an open state directs the bleed portion of the liquid back to supply tank <NUM> through bleed line <NUM>. Bleeding the bleed portion out of nozzle <NUM> decreases the flow rate at the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>. As such, bleed valve <NUM> can be actively controlled to ensure that the spray portion of the liquid has the desired flow rate.

For example, the liquid entering nozzle <NUM> from distribution line <NUM> can have a first flow rate and pressure, such as <NUM> cubic centimeters per second (cm<NUM>/s) (about <NUM> gallons/minute) flow rate and a pressure of <NUM> megapascal (MPa) (about <NUM> pounds per square inch (psi)). A first spray valve <NUM> can be disposed upstream of the intersection between the bleed path and the spray path. Nozzle controller <NUM> and/or control module <NUM> actuate the first spray valve <NUM> to a desired position to control the pressure and flow rate of the liquid downstream of the first spray valve <NUM>. For example, the first spray valve <NUM> can be positioned to create a desired pressure drop. Bleed valve <NUM> is actuated to a desired position to reduce the flow rate at the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>. For example, where the application rate calls for a flow of <NUM> cubic centimeters per second (cm<NUM>/s) (about <NUM> gallons/minute), bleed valve <NUM> can be positioned to direct <NUM> cubic centimeters per second (cm<NUM>/s) (about <NUM> gallons/minute) to bleed line <NUM>. The remaining <NUM> cubic centimeters per second (cm<NUM>/s) proceed through the spray potion of the flowpath in nozzle <NUM> and is ejected through the spray outlet.

The positions of bleed valve <NUM> and each spray valve <NUM> can be continuously changed during operation to ensure the spray fan has the desired spray characteristics. For example, as the agricultural spray implement slows or speeds up the nozzles <NUM> need to eject liquid at a lower flow rate or higher flow rate to ensure that the liquid is applied at the desired application rate. Nozzle controller <NUM> can actuate bleed valve <NUM> to change the size of the flowpath through bleed valve <NUM>, thereby changing the flow rate at the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>. In one example, as the agricultural implement turns, some nozzles <NUM> will speed up relative to the ground surface and some nozzles <NUM> will slow down relative to the ground surface. In the nozzles <NUM> that speed up, bleed valve <NUM> can be actuated to a more closed state, narrowing the flowpath through bleed valve <NUM> and increasing the flow rate at the spray outlet. In the nozzles <NUM> that slow down, bleed valve <NUM> can be actuated to a more open state, widening the flowpath through bleed valve <NUM> and decreasing the flow rate at the spray outlet.

Spray system <NUM> provides significant advantages. Each nozzle <NUM> includes bleed valve <NUM> that controls the flow of a bleed portion of the liquid back to supply tank <NUM>. As such, the liquid is continuously circulating within spray system <NUM>. In addition, bleed valve <NUM> provides additional control over the characteristics of the spray emitted by nozzle <NUM>. The position of the bleed valve <NUM> can be controlled to discretely alter the characteristics of the spray portion. Some nozzles <NUM> can include a first spray valve <NUM> disposed upstream of the intersection between the bleed line and the spray line and a second spray valve <NUM> disposed downstream of the intersection. The first spray valve <NUM> can affect both the pressure and flow rate of the liquid flowing to the intersection. Bleed valve <NUM> is controlled to take off the bleed portion of that liquid and the second spray valve <NUM> controls spraying of the liquid. The first spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> can be controlled in tandem to ensure a desired pressure and flow rate at the second spray valve <NUM>. Moreover, each of spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> can include annular valves. Annular valves provide discrete control over pressure and flow through the valve. As such, annular valves provide greater control over the spray characteristics, allowing for finer adjustment during spraying. Further, nozzle controller <NUM> and/or control module <NUM> can individually control each of spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM>. Individually controlling each spray valve <NUM> and bleed valve <NUM> provides for finer spray control, ensuring that the spray is applied at the desired application rate and droplet size. Both the application rate and droplet size affect the effectiveness of the applied liquid.

<FIG> is a block schematic diagram of nozzle <NUM>'. Nozzle <NUM>' includes orifice valve <NUM>', bleed valve <NUM>', flow meter <NUM>, pressure sensor <NUM>, nozzle body <NUM>, and controller <NUM>. Nozzle body <NUM> includes flowpath <NUM>. Flowpath <NUM> includes inlet path <NUM>, bleed path <NUM>, spray path <NUM>, and intersection <NUM>. Supply tank <NUM>, distribution line <NUM>, and bleed line <NUM> of spray system <NUM> (<FIG>) are shown.

Nozzle <NUM>' is substantially similar to nozzle <NUM> (<FIG>) and can be operated in accordance with techniques described herein. Controller <NUM> is substantially similar to nozzle controller <NUM> (<FIG>) and/or control module <NUM> (<FIG>) and can be operated in accordance with techniques described herein. Controller <NUM> can be dedicated to nozzle <NUM>', similar to nozzle controller <NUM>, or configured as a system wide controller, similar to control module <NUM>.

Nozzle <NUM>' is mounted to distribution line <NUM> to receive liquid from distribution line <NUM>. Distribution line <NUM> is fluidly connected to supply tank <NUM> to receive liquid from supply tank <NUM>. Nozzle body <NUM> can be attached to distribution line <NUM> in any desired manner, such as by a mounting clamp. Flowpath <NUM> extends through nozzle body <NUM> to provide a flow passage for the liquid to flow through nozzle body <NUM>. Inlet path <NUM> receives the liquid from distribution line <NUM> and extends to intersection <NUM>. Bleed path <NUM> extends from intersection <NUM> and provides a flowpath for a bleed portion of the liquid to exit nozzle <NUM>' without being applied as a spray. Bleed line <NUM> extends from nozzle body <NUM> to supply tank <NUM> and is configured to route the bleed portion back to supply tank <NUM>. Spray path <NUM> extends from intersection <NUM> to orifice valve <NUM>'. Spray path <NUM> provides a flowpath for a spray portion of the liquid to flow to orifice valve <NUM>' to be applied as a liquid spray.

Bleed valve <NUM>' is disposed in nozzle body <NUM> on bleed path <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>' is configured to control flow of the bleed portion of the liquid through bleed path <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>' is communicatively connected to controller <NUM> to receive commands from controller <NUM> and provide feedback to controller <NUM>. For example, bleed valve <NUM>' can include a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM> (<FIG>), that generates information regarding the position of components of bleed valve <NUM>' and provides that information to controller <NUM>. In one example, bleed valve <NUM>' is actuated by a stepper motor, such that the positional feedback can be a step count from the stepper motor. Bleed valve <NUM>' is an actively controlled valve such that the dimensions of the flow path through bleed valve <NUM>' can be continuously adjusted during operation. Bleed valve <NUM>' can be of any configuration suitable for actively controlling flow of the bleed portion to bleed line <NUM>. For example, bleed valve <NUM>' can be an annular valve or a needle valve, among other options.

Orifice valve <NUM>' is disposed in nozzle body <NUM> on spray path <NUM>. In the example shown, orifice valve <NUM>' is disposed at the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>'. Orifice valve <NUM>' controls the configuration of the spray orifice at the spray outlet. Orifice valve <NUM>' is communicatively coupled to controller <NUM> to receive commands from controller <NUM> and provide feedback to controller <NUM>. For example, orifice valve <NUM>' can include a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM>, that generates information regarding the position of components of orifice valve <NUM>' and provides that information to controller <NUM>. In one example, orifice valve <NUM>' is actuated by a stepper motor, such that the positional feedback can be a step count from the stepper motor. Orifice valve <NUM>' is an actively controlled valve such that the flow path through orifice valve <NUM>' can be continuously adjusted during operation.

Flow meter <NUM> is disposed on spray path <NUM> downstream of intersection <NUM>. Flow meter <NUM> is configured to sense the flow rate of the spray portion of the liquid flowing through spray path <NUM>. Flow meter <NUM> provides the liquid flow information to controller <NUM>. Flow meter <NUM> can be of any type suitable for sensing the liquid flow through spray path <NUM>. For example, flow meter <NUM> can be a cyclonic meter or a gear meter, among other options.

Pressure sensor <NUM> is disposed on spray path <NUM> downstream of intersection <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> is configured to sense the pressure of the liquid flowing through spray path <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> provides the liquid flow information to controller <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> can be of any type suitable for sensing the liquid pressure in spray path <NUM>.

During operation, liquid is driven from supply tank <NUM> to nozzle <NUM>' through distribution line <NUM>. The liquid enters flowpath <NUM> and flows through inlet path <NUM> portion of flowpath <NUM> to intersection <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>' controls the flow of a bleed portion of the liquid through bleed path <NUM> to bleed line <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>' can initially be in a closed state such that bleed valve <NUM>' prevents the any liquid from flowing back to supply tank <NUM> through bleed line <NUM>. While bleed valve <NUM>' is shown as disposed downstream from intersection <NUM>, it is understood that bleed valve <NUM>' can be disposed at or near intersection <NUM> such that no part or a minimal part of bleed line <NUM> is disposed upstream of bleed valve <NUM>'. A spray portion of the liquid flows through spray path <NUM> to orifice valve <NUM>'. With orifice valve <NUM>' in an open state the liquid is ejected through the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>' as a liquid spray.

Flow meter <NUM> senses the flow rate of the liquid in spray path <NUM> and provides liquid flow data to controller <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> sense the pressure of the liquid in spray path <NUM> and provides liquid pressure data to controller <NUM>. Controller <NUM> is configured to actively control spraying from nozzle <NUM>' such that the liquid spray is applied at a desired application rate with a desired droplet size. Controller <NUM> can determine the application rate and the droplet size based on the liquid flow data, the liquid pressure data, and the position of orifice valve <NUM>'.

Spraying can be initiated by controller <NUM> providing commands to bleed valve <NUM>' and orifice valve <NUM>' to cause bleed valve <NUM>' and orifice valve <NUM>' to actuate to open positions. With bleed valve <NUM>' open, the bleed portion of the liquid flows through bleed path <NUM> to bleed line <NUM> and back to supply tank <NUM>. With orifice valve <NUM>' open, the spray portion of the liquid flows through spray path <NUM> and out of the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>'.

Controller <NUM> can actively control each of bleed valve <NUM>' and orifice valve <NUM>' throughout operation to ensure a consistent spray. For example, if a reduction in the flow through spray path <NUM> is needed, controller <NUM> can cause bleed valve <NUM>' to increase the opening through bleed valve <NUM>'. Increasing the opening bleed valve <NUM>' increases the size of the flowpath through bleed valve <NUM>', thereby allowing a greater portion of the liquid entering flowpath <NUM> to be bled back to supply tank <NUM> as the bleed portion. If an increase in the flow through spray path <NUM> is needed, controller <NUM> can cause bleed valve <NUM>' to reduce the opening through bleed valve <NUM>'. Reducing the opening decreases the size of the flowpath, thereby restricting flow of the bleed portion such that a smaller portion of the liquid entering flowpath <NUM> is bled back to supply tank <NUM>. The bleed portion can mix with the liquid in supply tank <NUM>. As such, the bleed portion can be recirculated through distribution line <NUM> and back to a nozzle <NUM>'.

<FIG> is a block schematic diagram of nozzle <NUM>". Nozzle <NUM>" includes spray valve 30a, orifice valve 30b, bleed valve <NUM>", flow meter <NUM>, pressure sensor <NUM>, nozzle body <NUM>', and controller <NUM>'. Nozzle body <NUM>' includes flowpath <NUM>. Flowpath <NUM> includes inlet path <NUM>, bleed path <NUM>, spray path <NUM>, and intersection <NUM>. Supply tank <NUM>, distribution line <NUM>, and bleed line <NUM> of spray system <NUM> (<FIG>) are shown.

Nozzle <NUM>" is substantially similar to nozzle <NUM> (<FIG>) and nozzle <NUM>" (<FIG>) and can be operated in accordance with techniques described herein. Controller <NUM>' is substantially similar to nozzle controller <NUM> (<FIG>), control module <NUM> (<FIG>), and/or controller <NUM> (<FIG>) and can be operated in accordance with techniques described herein. Controller <NUM>' can be dedicated to nozzle <NUM>', similar to nozzle controller <NUM>, or configured as a system wide controller, similar to control module <NUM>.

Nozzle <NUM>" is mounted to distribution line <NUM> to receive liquid from distribution line <NUM>. Distribution line <NUM> is fluidly connected to supply tank <NUM> to receive liquid from supply tank <NUM>. Nozzle body <NUM>' can be attached to distribution line <NUM> in any desired manner, such as by a mounting clamp. Flowpath <NUM> extends through nozzle body <NUM>' to provide a flow passage for the liquid to flow through nozzle body <NUM>'. Inlet path <NUM> receives the liquid from distribution line <NUM> and extends to intersection <NUM>. Bleed path <NUM> branches from flowpath <NUM> at intersection <NUM> and is configured to provide a pathway for a bleed portion of the liquid to exit nozzle <NUM>" without being applied as a spray. Bleed line <NUM> extends from nozzle body <NUM>' to supply tank <NUM> and is configured to route the bleed portion back to supply tank <NUM>. Spray path <NUM> extends from intersection <NUM> to orifice valve 30b. Spray path <NUM> is configured to provide a pathway for a spray portion of the liquid to flow to orifice valve 30b to be applied as a liquid spray.

Bleed valve <NUM>" is disposed in nozzle body <NUM>' on bleed path <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>" is substantially similar to bleed valve <NUM> (<FIG>) and bleed valve <NUM>' (<FIG>). Bleed valve <NUM>" is configured to control flow of the bleed portion of the liquid through bleed path <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>" is communicatively connected to controller <NUM>' to receive commands from controller <NUM>' and provide feedback to controller <NUM>'. For example, bleed valve <NUM>" can include a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM> (<FIG>), that generates information regarding the position of components of bleed valve <NUM>" and provides that information to controller <NUM>'. In one example, bleed valve <NUM>" is actuated by a stepper motor, such that the positional feedback can be a step count from the stepper motor. Bleed valve <NUM>" is an actively controlled valve such that the flow path through bleed valve <NUM>" can be continuously adjusted during operation. Bleed valve <NUM>" can be of any configuration suitable for actively controlling flow of the bleed portion to bleed line <NUM>. For example, bleed valve <NUM>" can be an annular valve or a needle valve, among other options.

Orifice valve 30b is disposed in nozzle body <NUM>' on spray path <NUM>. Orifice valve 30b is substantially similar to spray valve <NUM> (<FIG>) and orifice valve <NUM>' (<FIG>). In the example shown, orifice valve 30b is disposed at the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>". Orifice valve 30b is configured to define the dimensions of the spray orifice at the spray outlet. Orifice valve 30b is communicatively coupled to controller <NUM>' to receive commands from controller <NUM>' and provide feedback to controller <NUM>'. For example, orifice valve 30b can include a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM>, that generates information regarding the position of components of orifice valve 30b and provides that information to nozzle controller <NUM>'. In one example, orifice valve 30b is actuated by a stepper motor, such that the positional feedback can be a step count from the stepper motor. Orifice valve 30b is an actively controlled valve such that the flow path through orifice valve 30b can be continuously adjusted during operation.

Flow valve 30a is disposed in nozzle body <NUM>' on inlet path <NUM>. Flow valve 30a is substantially similar to spray valve <NUM> (<FIG>). Flow valve 30a is disposed upstream of intersection <NUM>. Flow valve 30a is configured to control the flow of liquid downstream through flowpath <NUM>. As such, flow valve 30a controls all liquid flow to intersection <NUM> from distribution line <NUM>. Flow valve 30a is communicatively connected to controller <NUM>' to receive commands from controller <NUM>' and provide feedback to controller <NUM>'. For example, flow valve 30a can include a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM>, that generates information regarding the position of components of flow valve 30a and provides that information to controller <NUM>'. In one example, flow valve 30a is actuated by a stepper motor, such that the positional feedback can be a step count from the actuator. Flow valve 30a is an actively controlled valve such that the flow path through flow valve 30a can be continuously adjusted during operation. Flow valve 30a can be of any configuration suitable for actively controlling flow of the liquid into nozzle <NUM>". For example, flow valve 30a can be an annular valve or a needle valve, among other options. In one example, each of bleed valve <NUM>" and flow valve 30a are annular valves.

Flow meter <NUM> is disposed on spray path <NUM> downstream of intersection <NUM>. Flow meter <NUM> is configured to sense the flow rate of the liquid flowing through spray path <NUM>. Flow meter <NUM> provides the liquid flow information to controller <NUM>'. Flow meter <NUM> can be of any type suitable for sensing the liquid flow through spray path <NUM>.

Pressure sensor <NUM> is disposed on spray path <NUM> downstream of intersection <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> is configured to sense the pressure of the liquid flowing through spray path <NUM>. Pressure sensor <NUM> provides the liquid flow information to controller <NUM>'. Pressure sensor <NUM> can be of any type suitable for sensing the liquid pressure in spray path <NUM>.

During operation, liquid is driven from supply tank <NUM> to nozzle <NUM>" through distribution line <NUM>. The liquid enters flowpath <NUM> and initially encounters flow valve 30a. Flow valve 30a controls the pressure and flow rate of the liquid flowing downstream through flow valve 30a and through inlet path <NUM> to intersection. Controller <NUM>' provides a command to flow valve 30a to cause flow valve 30a to actuate to a desired position for spraying. The liquid flows through inlet path <NUM> to intersection <NUM>. At intersection <NUM>, the bleed portion flows through bleed path <NUM> and the spray portion flows through spray path <NUM>.

Bleed valve <NUM>" controls the flow of the bleed portion of the liquid through bleed path <NUM> to bleed line <NUM>. Bleed valve <NUM>" can initially be in a closed state such that bleed valve <NUM>" prevents the any liquid from flowing back to supply tank <NUM> through bleed line <NUM>. With bleed valve <NUM>" in an open state the bleed portion flows through bleed valve <NUM>" and back to supply tank <NUM> through bleed line <NUM>. Opening bleed valve <NUM>" reduces the flow rate through spray path <NUM>, due to the bleed portion being bled back to supply tank <NUM>. While bleed valve <NUM>" is shown as disposed downstream from intersection <NUM>, it is understood that bleed valve <NUM>" can be disposed at or near intersection <NUM> such that no part or a minimal part of bleed line <NUM> is disposed upstream of bleed valve <NUM>". Orifice valve 30b controls spraying of the spray portion of the liquid. With orifice valve 30b in an open state the liquid is ejected through the spray outlet of nozzle <NUM>" as a liquid spray.

Flow meter <NUM> senses the flow rate of the liquid in spray path <NUM> and provides liquid flow data to controller <NUM>'. Pressure sensor <NUM> sense the pressure of the liquid in spray path <NUM> and provides liquid pressure data to controller <NUM>'. Controller <NUM>' is configured to actively control spraying from nozzle <NUM>" such that the liquid spray is applied at a desired application rate with a desired droplet size. Controller <NUM>' can determine the application rate and the droplet size based on the liquid flow data, the liquid pressure data, and the position of orifice valve 30b.

Controller <NUM>' provides commands to each of bleed valve <NUM>", orifice valve 30b, and flow valve 30a. Controller <NUM>' can initiate spraying by causing each of bleed valve <NUM>", orifice valve 30b, and flow valve 30a to actuate to open positions. With flow valve 30a open, the liquid can flow downstream through flow valve 30a and through flowpath <NUM>. Flow valve 30a controls both the flow rate of the liquid through inlet line <NUM> and the pressure of the liquid downstream of flow valve 30a. As such, the liquid upstream of flow valve 30a has a first pressure while the liquid downstream of flow valve 30a has a second pressure. The positioning of flow valve 30a alters the downstream flow rate and pressure. Opening flow valve 30a increases the flow rate downstream of flow valve 30a and reduces the pressure drop across flow valve 30a. Closing flow valve 30a reduces the flow rate downstream of flow valve 30a and increases the pressure drop across flow valve 30a.

Bleed valve <NUM>" controls flow of the bleed portion through bleed path <NUM> and to bleed line <NUM>. The positioning of bleed valve <NUM>" affects the parameters of the spray portion flowing through spray path <NUM> to orifice valve 30b. For example, if a reduction in the flow through spray path <NUM> is needed, controller <NUM>' can cause bleed valve <NUM>" to increase the opening through bleed valve <NUM>". Increasing the opening bleed valve <NUM>" increases the size of the flowpath through bleed valve <NUM>", thereby allowing a greater portion of the liquid entering flowpath <NUM> to be bled back to supply tank <NUM> as the bleed portion. If an increase in the flow through spray path <NUM> is needed, controller <NUM>' can cause bleed valve <NUM>" to reduce the opening through bleed valve <NUM>". Reducing the opening decreases the size of the flowpath, thereby restricting flow of the bleed portion such that a smaller portion of the liquid entering flowpath <NUM> is bled back to supply tank <NUM>. The bleed portion can mix with the liquid in supply tank <NUM>. As such, the bleed portion can be recirculated through distribution line <NUM> and back to a nozzle <NUM>".

Orifice valve 30b controls the configuration of the spray outlet through which the liquid is emitted to the atmosphere from nozzle <NUM>". The positioning of orifice valve 30b affects the characteristics of the spray fan generated by nozzle <NUM>".

Controller <NUM>' controls the opening of each of flow valve 30a, orifice valve 30b, and bleed valve <NUM>" to cause nozzle <NUM>" to emit a spray having the desired characteristics. For example, controller <NUM>' can cause flow valve 30a to actuate to a position associated with a first flow rate and first pressure downstream of flow valve 30a. Controller <NUM>' can actuate bleed valve <NUM>" to a position to change the characteristics of the liquid flowing through spray path <NUM>. As such, the flow rate through spray path <NUM> will be less than the flow rate through flow valve 30a with bleed valve <NUM>" in the open state. Controller <NUM>' receives flow rate information from flow meter <NUM> and pressure information from pressure sensor <NUM>. Controller <NUM>' is configured to control each of orifice valve 30b, flow valve 30a, and bleed valve <NUM>" to ensure that the liquid has the desired flow rate and pressure at orifice valve 30b. As such, controller <NUM>' can actively control each of bleed valve <NUM>", orifice valve 30b, and flow valve 30a throughout operation to ensure a consistent spray.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of nozzle <NUM>'". Distribution line <NUM> of spray system <NUM> is shown. Nozzle <NUM>‴ includes flow valve 30a', orifice valve 30b', flow meter <NUM>', pressure sensor <NUM>', nozzle body <NUM>', flowpath <NUM>', orifice <NUM>, and mount <NUM>. Flow valve 30a' includes inlet <NUM>, outlet <NUM>, valve chamber <NUM>, valve seat <NUM>, valve member 70a, actuator 72a, arm 74a, and seal <NUM>. Valve member <NUM> includes free end <NUM>. Orifice valve 30b' includes valve member 70b, actuator 72b, and arm 74b.

Nozzle <NUM>‴ is substantially similar to nozzle <NUM> (<FIG>), nozzle <NUM>' (<FIG>), and nozzle <NUM>" (<FIG>). It is understood that nozzle <NUM>‴ can be operated in accordance with the techniques described herein. It is further understood that nozzle <NUM>‴ can include a bypass path, such as bleed path <NUM> (<FIG> and <FIG>), branching from the portion of flowpath <NUM>' disposed between flow valve 30a' and orifice valve 30b'.

Nozzle <NUM>‴ is mounted to distribution line <NUM>. Mount <NUM> is attached to nozzle body <NUM>' and is configured to clamp onto distribution line <NUM>. Flowpath <NUM>' extends through nozzle body <NUM>' to orifice <NUM>. Orifice <NUM> generates the liquid spray as the liquid exits flowpath <NUM>'.

Flow meter <NUM>' is disposed in nozzle body <NUM>' and is configured to generate volumetric flow data regarding the liquid flowing into nozzle <NUM>'". In the example shown, flow meter <NUM>' is a cyclonic flow meter having a ball that is rotatably driven by the liquid flowing through the body of flow meter <NUM>'. A sensor senses rotation of the ball about an axis of flow meter <NUM>' and can generate the volumetric flow data based on that rotation. It is understood, however, that flow meter <NUM>' can be of any type suitable for sensing the flow of liquid through flowpath and for generating the volumetric flow data. In addition, while flow meter <NUM>' is shown disposed upstream of flow valve 30a', it is understood that flow meter <NUM>' can be disposed in the portion of flowpath <NUM>' between flow valve 30a' and orifice valve 30b'. As such, flowmeter <NUM>' can be disposed downstream of flow valve 30a' and upstream of orifice valve 30b'.

Flow valve 30a' is mounted to nozzle body <NUM>'. In the example shown, flow valve 30a' is an annular valve. Valve chamber <NUM> is defined by nozzle body <NUM>'. Valve chamber <NUM> has a first diameter D1. Actuator 72a is mounted to nozzle body <NUM>'. In the example shown, actuator 72a is an electric stepper motor. The number of steps are counted by a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM> (<FIG>), and can be communicated to a controller, such as nozzle controller <NUM> (<FIG>), control module <NUM> (<FIG>), controller <NUM> (<FIG>), and/or controller <NUM>' (<FIG>). Valve position information for flow valve 30a' can be generated based on the step count. While actuator 72a is described as an electric stepper motor, it is understood that actuator 72a can be of any type suitable for discretely altering the position of valve member 70a.

Arm 74a extends from actuator 72a to valve member 70a. In the example shown, arm 74a is a shaft driven by actuator 72a to adjust the position of valve member 70a. It is understood, however, that arm 74a can be of any type suitable for actuating valve member 70a. Actuator 72a can be configured to drive arm 74a either linearly or rotatably.

Valve member 70a is disposed in flowpath <NUM>' between inlet <NUM> and outlet <NUM>. Valve member 70a is a cylindrical, elongate member configured to shift along axis A-A during operation. Valve member 70a has diameter D2. Diameter D2 is smaller than diameter D1 such that liquid can flow around valve member 70a between the outer circumferential edge of valve member 70a and the wall defining valve chamber <NUM>.

Free end <NUM> of valve member 70a is disposed opposite the end connected to arm 74a. Free end <NUM> is disposed orthogonal to the portion of nozzle body <NUM>' forming valve seat <NUM>. Free end <NUM> being disposed orthogonal to the sealing surface formed by valve seat <NUM> ensures consistent sealing of flow valve 30a' during operation. Seal <NUM> is disposed on free end <NUM> of valve member 70a. Seal <NUM> is configured to engage valve seat <NUM> with flow valve 30a' in a closed state. Seal <NUM> can be a soft seal, such as an elastomer o-ring.

During operation, liquid enters flow valve 30a' through inlet <NUM>, flows between valve member 70a and the wall defining valve chamber <NUM>, and exits flow valve 30a' through outlet <NUM>. Flow valve 30a' controls the flow rate and pressure of the liquid downstream of flow valve 30a'. The pressure drop across flow valve 30a' is a function of the linear distance L between free end <NUM> and outlet <NUM>. As the linear distance L increases, the pressure drop increases and the flow rate decreases. As the linear distance L decreases, the pressure drop decreases and the flow rate increases.

The portion of flowpath <NUM>' between flow valve 30a' and orifice valve 30b' forms a pressure chamber immediately upstream of orifice valve 30b'. Pressure sensor <NUM>' is associated with that portion of the flowpath <NUM>' and is configured to generate pressure data regarding the liquid pressure in that portion of the flowpath <NUM>'. Pressure sensor <NUM>' can be of any configuration suitable for sensing the liquid pressure in flowpath <NUM>' and for generating pressure data regarding that liquid pressure. In one example, pressure sensor <NUM>' can be diaphragm mounted on a printed circuit board disposed in nozzle body <NUM>'. The diaphragm can be exposed to the flowpath <NUM>'.

The liquid is ejected as a spray through orifice <NUM>. Orifice valve 30b' is configured to control the size of orifice <NUM> during spraying. As such, orifice <NUM> is a variable orifice. Orifice valve 30b' is mounted to nozzle body <NUM>'. Actuator 72b is mounted to nozzle body <NUM>'. In the example shown, actuator 72b is an electric stepper motor. The number of steps are counted by a position sensor, such as sensor <NUM>, and can be communicated to one of nozzle controller <NUM>, control module <NUM>, controller <NUM>, and/or controller <NUM>'. Valve position information for orifice valve 30b' can be generated based on the step count. While actuator 72b is described as an electric stepper motor, it is understood that actuator 72b can be of any type suitable for discretely altering the position of valve member 70b.

Valve member 70b defines orifice <NUM>. In the example shown, valve member 70b is an impingement member configured to turn the liquid and generate the liquid spray. The liquid pressure upstream of valve member 70b and the size of orifice <NUM> control the droplet size of the liquid spray. As such, the position of valve member 70b is adjusted based on the spray command the liquid pressure to generate a liquid spray having the desired droplet size. While valve member 70b is described as an impingement member, it is understood that valve member 70b can be of any configuration suitable for generating the spray. Arm 74b extends from actuator 72b to valve member 70b. In the example shown, arm 74b is a shaft driven by actuator 72b to adjust the position of valve member 70b. It is understood, however, that arm 74b can be of any type suitable for actuating valve member 70b. Actuator 72b can be configured to drive arm 74b either linearly or rotatably.

Flow valve 30a' being an annular valve provides discrete control of the flow rate through flow valve 30a' and the pressure drop across flow valve 30a'. Annular valves provide a linear relationship between the position of valve member 70a and the pressure drop across the flwo valve 30a'. Flow valve 30a' provides significant advantages due to the highly controllable linear relationship between flow and pressure drop. In addition, free end <NUM> is disposed orthogonal to valve seat <NUM>. The orthogonal relationship allows seal <NUM> to be disposed on free end <NUM>. The orthogonal relationship also prevents coining and other wear that can be experienced in other valves. In environments where no leakage is acceptable, such as in a spray nozzle <NUM>'", the soft seal <NUM> provides consistent sealing regardless of valve member 70a movement.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view showing annular valve <NUM> in a first state. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view showing annular valve <NUM> in a second state. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view showing annular valve <NUM> in a third state. <FIG> will be discussed together. Annular valve <NUM> includes valve member 70a', actuator 72a', arm 74a', seal <NUM>', body <NUM>, and restrictive flowpath <NUM>. Valve member 70a' includes free end <NUM>' and edge <NUM>. Body <NUM> includes inlet <NUM>', outlet <NUM>', and valve chamber <NUM>'.

Annular valve <NUM> can be utilized as a bypass valve, such as bypass valve <NUM> (<FIG>), bypass valve <NUM>' (<FIG>), and/or bypass valve <NUM>" (<FIG>). Annular valve <NUM> can also be utilized as a flow control valve, such as spray valve <NUM> (<FIG>), orifice valve <NUM>' (<FIG>), flow valve 30a (<FIG>), and/or flow valve 30b (<FIG>). It is understood that annular valve <NUM> can be operated in accordance with the techniques disclosed herein.

Annular valve <NUM> creates a restrictive orifice to control the liquid characteristics of the liquid flowing through annular valve <NUM>. Annular valve <NUM> is utilized to control the flow rate and/or pressure of the liquid flowing from inlet <NUM>' to outlet <NUM>'. Annular valve <NUM> is actively controlled to control a size of the restrictive flowpath between inlet <NUM>' and outlet <NUM>'. In some examples, annular valve <NUM> is disposed in a spray nozzle, such as nozzle <NUM> (<FIG>), nozzle <NUM>' (<FIG>), nozzle <NUM>" (<FIG>), and/or nozzle <NUM>‴ (<FIG>). In some examples, multiple ones of annular valve <NUM> are utilized in parallel and/or in series to control a liquid spray generated by the nozzle.

Inlet <NUM>' extends through body <NUM> to valve chamber <NUM>'. Outlet <NUM>' extends from valve chamber <NUM>' and through body <NUM>. The liquid flowing through annular valve <NUM> enters valve chamber <NUM>' through inlet <NUM>' and exits valve chamber <NUM>' through outlet <NUM>'. In some examples, valve body <NUM> is a body of annular valve <NUM> that is separable from and replaceable within a nozzle body, such as nozzle body <NUM> (<FIG>), nozzle body <NUM>' (<FIG>), and/or nozzle body <NUM>" (<FIG>). In other examples, valve body <NUM> is integral with the nozzle body such that valve body <NUM> and nozzle body <NUM> are unitary. For example, inlet <NUM>', outlet <NUM>', and valve chamber <NUM>' can be formed, at least in part, by material removal from the nozzle body, casting, additive manufacturing, molding, and/or in any other manner suitable for forming inlet <NUM>', outlet <NUM>', and valve chamber <NUM>'.

Valve member 70a' is disposed in valve chamber <NUM>'. Valve member 70a' is elongate along valve axis A-A. Valve member 70a' extends between arm 74a' and free end <NUM>'. In some examples, valve member 70a' is cylindrical. Seal <NUM>' is disposed on first end <NUM>'. Seal <NUM>' is configured to form a fluid tight seal between valve member 70a' and valve body <NUM>. Seal <NUM>' can be a soft seal, such as an elastomer o-ring. While seal <NUM>' is shown as disposed on first end <NUM>', it is understood that seal <NUM>' can be disposed on valve body <NUM>.

Arm 74a' extends from valve member 70a' to actuator 72a'. Arm 74a' can be of any type suitable for displacing valve member 70a' within valve chamber <NUM>'. For example, drive arm 74a' can be a piston, a shaft, or a screw. Actuator 72a' is configured to actuate drive arm 74a' to displace valve member 70a' within valve chamber <NUM>'. For example, actuator 72a' can be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or of any other type suitable for actuating arm 74a'. In some examples, actuator 72a' is a stepper motor. Actuator 72a' can be configured to rotatably and/or linearly drive arm 74a'.

Valve member 70a' defines restrictive flowpath <NUM> within valve chamber <NUM>'. Valve chamber <NUM>' has a first diameter D1. Valve member 70a has diameter D2. Diameter D2 is smaller than diameter D1 such that liquid can flow around valve member 70a between the outer circumferential edge of valve member 70a and the wall defining valve chamber <NUM>. Restrictive flowpath <NUM> is defined between valve chamber <NUM>' and circumferential edge <NUM> of valve member 70a'. Length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM> varies as valve member 70a' is displaced within valve chamber <NUM>'.

During operation, actuator 72a' drives displacement of valve member 70a' within valve chamber <NUM>' to control length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM>. The pressure drop and flow rate of the fluid flowing from inlet <NUM>' to outlet <NUM>' is a function of length L. Decreasing length L reduces the pressure drop, while increasing length L increases the pressure drop.

Annular valve <NUM> is initially in the first state shown in <FIG>. With annular valve <NUM> in the first state, seal <NUM>' forms a fluid tight seal between valve member 70a' and body <NUM>. As such, annular valve <NUM> prevents liquid from flowing to outlet <NUM>' when in the first state.

A position command is generated by a controller, such as nozzle controller <NUM> (<FIG>), control module <NUM> (<FIG>), controller <NUM> (<FIG>), and/or controller <NUM>' (<FIG>), and is transmitted to actuator 72a'. Actuator 72a' powers arm 74a' based on the position command, thereby causing displacement of valve member 70a' along axis A-A. Valve member 70a' is pulled away from body <NUM> and seal <NUM>' disengages from valve body <NUM>, thereby opening a fluid path between inlet <NUM>' and restrictive flowpath <NUM>. The fluid enters valve chamber <NUM>' through inlet <NUM>', flows through restrictive flowpath <NUM>, and exits valve chamber <NUM>' through outlet <NUM>'.

Length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM> controls both the flow rate through annular valve <NUM> and the pressure difference between the upstream liquid pressure at inlet <NUM>' and the downstream liquid pressure at outlet <NUM>'. For example, length L is larger with annular valve <NUM> in the second state shown in <FIG> than with annular valve <NUM> in the third state shown in <FIG>. The flow rate through annular valve <NUM> is greater with annular valve <NUM> in the state shown in <FIG> than in the state shown in <FIG> due to the shorter length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM>. The pressure drop across annular valve <NUM> is greater with annular valve <NUM> in the state shown in <FIG> than in the state shown in <FIG> due to the longer length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM>. As such, the pressure at outlet <NUM>' is larger with annular valve <NUM> in the position shown in <FIG> than in with annular valve <NUM> in the position shown in <FIG>.

Annular valve <NUM> provides discrete control of the liquid characteristics of the spray portion. The length L of restrictive flowpath <NUM> has a direct relationship to the flow rate and pressure of the liquid flowing through annular valve <NUM>. As such, utilizing annular valve <NUM> in a spray nozzle, such as a nozzle for an agricultural sprayer, provides greater control over the flow rate and pressure of the spray fluid flowing through annular valve <NUM>.

Claim 1:
A nozzle (<NUM>; <NUM>', <NUM>", <NUM>‴) for an agricultural spraying implement, the nozzle comprising:
a nozzle body (<NUM>; <NUM>'; <NUM>") configured to mount to a distribution line (<NUM>) to receive liquid for spraying;
a flowpath (<NUM>; <NUM>') extending through the nozzle body between the distribution line and a spray outlet (<NUM>);
an orifice valve (<NUM>; 30b; 30b') disposed on the flowpath and configured to control flow of a spray portion of the liquid through the spray outlet;
characterized in that:
the flowpath includes an inlet path (<NUM>) extending from the distribution line to an intersection (<NUM>), a spray path (<NUM>) extending from the intersection to the spray outlet through which the spray portion of the liquid flows to the spray outlet and a bleed path (<NUM>) extending from the intersection;
the nozzle also comprising a bleed valve (<NUM>; <NUM>'; <NUM>") disposed on the bleed path downstream of the intersection and configured to control flow of liquid through the bleed path; and,
at least one parameter sensor (<NUM>; <NUM>, <NUM>; <NUM>', <NUM>') configured to generate parameter data regarding the spray portion; and,
a controller (<NUM>, <NUM>; <NUM>; <NUM>') communicatively coupled to the bleed valve and the at least one parameter sensor, the controller being configured to control a flowrate of the spray portion of the liquid through the spray path based on the parameter data by actuating the bleed valve to a bleed position to allow a bleed portion of the liquid to flow through the bleed path.