Patent Description:
A base station (BS) may transmit paging information to a user equipment (UE). In narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) and Long Term Evolution (LTE), the UE may be in one of two radio resource control (RRC) states; an active or connected state (RRC_Connected) or an idle state (RRC_Idle). In enhanced machine type communication (eMTC), enhanced LTE (eLTE), and New Radio (NR), the UE may be in one of three RRC states; RRC_Connected, RRC_Idle, and an inactive state (RRC_Inactive). The UE discontinuously monitors the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to check for paging messages.

<CIT> relates to a radio base station and a radio communication method that are capable of controlling a user device that supports a coverage enhancement mode.

In "<NPL>, the radio network layer signalling protocol for the NG interface is specified. <CIT> discloses adaptive and dynamic paging resource selection and System Information acquisition in a wireless communication network. Performed by a first network element in a network, a method including: receiving a first message from a second network element of the network; deriving a User Equipment (UE) specific paging resource configuration associated with a UE based on the first message; selecting a paging radio resource based on the UE specific paging resource configuration and based on a radio resource specific paging configuration pre-defined in the first network element; and sending a paging message over the selected paging radio resource to the UE while the UE is in a radio resource control inactive state.

The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.

The example implementations disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various implementations, example methods and devices are disclosed herein.

Various example implementations of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example implementations of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution.

Various example implementations of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example implementations and applications described and illustrated herein.

<FIG> illustrates an example wireless communication network, and/or system, <NUM> in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. " Such an example network <NUM> includes a base station <NUM> (hereinafter "BS <NUM>") and a user equipment device <NUM> (hereinafter "UE <NUM>") that can communicate with each other via a communication link <NUM> (e.g., a wireless communication channel), and a cluster of cells <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM> overlaying a geographical area <NUM>.

Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and/or wired communications, in accordance with various implementations of the present solution.

<FIG> illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system <NUM> for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals, e.g., OFDM/OFDMA signals, in accordance with some implementations of the present solution. The system <NUM> may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative implementation, system <NUM> can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment <NUM> of <FIG>, as described above.

The UE <NUM> includes a UE transceiver module <NUM>, a UE antenna <NUM>, a UE memory module <NUM>, and a UE processor module <NUM>, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus <NUM>.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application.

In accordance with some implementations, the UE transceiver <NUM> may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver <NUM> that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna <NUM>. Similarly, in accordance with some implementations, the BS transceiver <NUM> may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver <NUM> that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna <NUM>. The operations of the two transceiver modules <NUM> and <NUM> can be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna <NUM> for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link <NUM> at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna <NUM>. In some implementations, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.

In some illustrative implementations, the UE transceiver <NUM> and the base station transceiver <NUM> are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging <NUM> standards, and the like.

In accordance with various implementations, the BS <NUM> may be an evolved node B (eNB), a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some implementations, the UE <NUM> may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules <NUM> and <NUM> may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein.

Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules <NUM> and <NUM>, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. In some implementations, the memory modules <NUM> and <NUM> may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules <NUM> and <NUM>, respectively.

A BS that pages a UE may not know the paging capabilities of the UE. In the event a radio resource control (RRC) connection is established, the UE may be in the RRC state RRC_Connected. In the event the UE supports NR, the UE may be connected in a RRC_Inactive state in the event the RRC connection is suspended. In the event that no RRC connection is established, the UE may be in the RRC_Idle state. Accordingly, the BS may not know whether the UE is in RRC_Idle or RRC_Inactive. Thus, the BS may not know when to transmit paging information. Additionally or alternatively, the BS may not know whether the UE supports wakeup signals (WUS) or group wakeup signals (GWUP). The UE may discontinuously monitor the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to check for the transmitted paging messages.

A UE may move between cells of a radio access network (RAN) (or other network) such that various BS in various cells service the UE. A BS (e.g., a target RAN node) may learn the UE's paging capability when (<NUM>) the UE switches to the BS from the prior BS (e.g., the source RAN node), (<NUM>) the UE restores a RRC connection with the new BS or (<NUM>) the UE establishes a RRC connection with the new BS.

An Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), operating during the handover process, may be responsible for handling the Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP) to facilitate UE handover signaling on a NGAP interface. The UE capability for paging may be carried in handover signaling of the NGAP interface during a handover process. In one configuration, the UE paging capability may be directly included in the related signaling. In another configuration, the UE paging capability may be included in the paging capability container such as an RRC UE Radio Paging Information message. The container may be included in related signaling. In another configuration, the UE paging capability (or the paging capability container) may be included in the Core Network Assistance Information for RRC_Inactive cells carried in related signaling. In another configuration, the UE paging capability (or the paging capability container) may be included in a handover command container carried in related signaling. For instance, a RRC handover command message.

The UE capability for paging may include at least one of: UE category, coverage enhancement (CE) modeA support capability, ce-ModeB support capability, WUS support capability, WUS and extended discontinuous reception time (eDRX) configurations (e.g., a minimum gap between paging occasions (POs) defined by WakeUpSignalMinGap-eDRX), GWUS support capability, GWUS frequency hopping support (e.g., groupWakeUpSignalAlternation), multi-carrier support capability multi-band support capability, paging band support capability, mixed carrier paging support capability, and the like.

The BS may use the UE capability for paging to select paging resources.

<FIG> illustrates a timing diagram <NUM> of handover signaling without an Xn interface, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown, the source RAN node <NUM> may determine to handover UE <NUM> by transmitting a handover request <NUM> to AMF <NUM>. The handover request <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The AMF <NUM> may transmit a handover request <NUM> to the target RAN node <NUM>. The handover request <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may acknowledge the request by transmitting a handover request acknowledge <NUM> to the AMF <NUM>. The AMF <NUM> may transmit a handover command <NUM> to the source RAN node <NUM>. The source RAN node <NUM> may prepare the UE <NUM> for handover by transmitting a RRC connection reconfiguration <NUM> signal. The UE <NUM> may receive the RRC connection reconfiguration <NUM> because the UE <NUM> is in an RRC_Connected state <NUM>. The UE <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection reconfiguration complete <NUM> to the target RAN node <NUM>. The target RAN node may notify the AMF <NUM> of the handover <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection release <NUM> with RRC_Inactive information such that the UE <NUM> may transition to a RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit RAN paging <NUM> to RAN node in a RAN paging area <NUM>. The RAN paging <NUM> may be used to trigger the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to page the UE <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may also page the UE <NUM> using RAN paging <NUM>. The paging resource for the RAN paging may be selected based on the UE capability for paging. The RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> may also transmit RAN paging <NUM> the UE <NUM> based on the UE's capability for paging. That is, the UE's paging capability may be used by the target RAN node <NUM> and the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to select paging resource for the UE. The paging resources may include at least one of paging narrowband, POs, paging wakeup signal resource, paging GWUS, paging frequency band, paging BWP, and the like.

Handing over the UE from the prior BS to the new BS may involve control signals over the Xn interface. An Xn Application Protocol (XnAP) interface provides control plane signaling over the Xn interface. During the handover process based on the Xn interface, the UE capability for paging may be carried in the Xn interface handover signaling and/or the NGAP path switch request confirmation signaling.

<FIG> illustrates a timing diagram <NUM> of handover signaling with an Xn interface, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown, the source RAN node <NUM> may determine to handover UE <NUM> by transmitting a handover request <NUM> to a target RAN node <NUM>. The handover request <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may acknowledge the request by transmitting a handover request acknowledge <NUM> to the source RAN node <NUM>. The source RAN node <NUM> may prepare the UE <NUM> for handover by transmitting a RRC connection reconfiguration <NUM> signal. The UE <NUM> may receive the RRC connection reconfiguration <NUM> because the UE <NUM> is in a RRC_Connected state <NUM>. The UE <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection reconfiguration complete <NUM> to the target RAN node <NUM>. The target RAN node transmit a path switch request <NUM> to AMF <NUM>. The AMF <NUM> may acknowledge the path switch request via a path switch request acknowledge <NUM>. The path switch request acknowledge <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection release <NUM> with RRC_Inactive information such that the UE <NUM> may transition to a RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit RAN paging <NUM> to RAN node in a RAN paging area <NUM>. The RAN paging <NUM> may be used to trigger the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to page the UE <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may also transmit RAN paging <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. The paging resource for the RAN paging may be selected based on the UE capability for paging. The RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> may also transmit RAN paging <NUM> the UE <NUM> based on the UE's capability for paging. That is, the UE's paging capability may be used by the target RAN node <NUM> and the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to select paging resource for the UE. The paging resources may include at least one of paging narrowband, POs, paging wakeup signal resource, paging GWUS, paging frequency band, and paging BWP.

During the RRC connection re-establishment process based on the Xn interface, the UE's paging capability may be carried in the Xn interface to obtain UE context response signaling and/or NGAP path switching request confirmation signaling.

<FIG> illustrates a timing diagram <NUM> of RRC connection reestablishment with an Xn interface, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown, UE <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection reestablishment request <NUM> to a target RAN node <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit to the source RAN node <NUM> a request to retrieve UE context <NUM>. The source RAN node <NUM> may transmit to the target RAN node <NUM> a response to the retrieve UE context <NUM>. The response may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit to the UE <NUM> a RRC connection reestablishment <NUM>. The UE <NUM> may transmit back to the target RAN node <NUM> a RRC connection reestablishment complete <NUM>. The target RAN node may transmit a path switch request <NUM> to the AMF <NUM>. The AMF <NUM> may acknowledge the path switch request using an acknowledge <NUM>. The acknowledge <NUM> may include the UE paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit to the UE <NUM> an RRC connection release <NUM> with RRC_Inactive state information such that the UE <NUM> may transition from being in an RRC_Conected state <NUM> to an RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit RAN paging <NUM> to RAN node in a RAN paging area <NUM>. The RAN paging <NUM> may be used to trigger the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to page the UE <NUM>. The RAN paging may include the UE <NUM> capability for paging. The target RAN node <NUM> may also transmit RAN paging <NUM> the UE <NUM> while the UE <NUM> is in a RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The resources for the page <NUM> may be selected based on the UE's capability for paging. The RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> may subsequently transmit RAN paging <NUM> UE <NUM>. The resources for the RAN paging <NUM> may be selected based on the UE's capability for paging. That is, the UE's paging capability may be used by the target RAN node <NUM> and the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to select paging resource for the UE. The paging resources may include at least one of paging narrowband, POs, paging wakeup signal resource, paging GWUS, paging frequency band, and paging BWP.

<FIG> illustrates a timing diagram <NUM> of resuming RRC connections with an Xn interface. As shown, UE <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection resume request <NUM> to a target RAN node <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may request <NUM> to retrieve UE context from the source RAN node <NUM>. The source RAN node <NUM> may respond <NUM> to the target RAN node <NUM> retrieve UE context request. The response <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection resume <NUM> signal to the UE <NUM>. The UE <NUM> may transmit back to the target RAN node <NUM> a RRC connection resume complete <NUM> signal. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit a path switch request <NUM> to the AMF <NUM>. The AMF <NUM> may transmit an acknowledge <NUM> of the path switch request to the target RAN node <NUM>. The acknowledge <NUM> may include the UE <NUM> paging capabilities. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit a RRC connection release <NUM> to the UE <NUM>. The RRC connection release <NUM> may include RRC_Inactive related information such that the UE <NUM> may transition from being in RRC_Connected state <NUM> to RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The target RAN node <NUM> may transmit RAN paging <NUM> to a RAN node in a RAN paging area <NUM>. The RAN paging <NUM> may be used to trigger the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to page the UE <NUM>. The RAN paging may include the UE <NUM> capability for paging. The target RAN node <NUM> may also transmit RAN paging <NUM> the UE <NUM> while the UE <NUM> is in an RRC_Inactive state <NUM>. The resources for the RAN paging <NUM> may be selected based on the UE's capability for paging. The RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> may subsequently transmit RAN paging <NUM> to UE <NUM>. The resources for the RAN paging <NUM> may be selected based on the UE's capability for paging. That is, the UE's paging capability may be used by the target RAN node <NUM> and the RAN node in the RAN paging area <NUM> to select paging resource for the UE. The paging resources may include at least one of paging narrowband, POs, paging wakeup signal resource, paging GWUS, paging frequency band, and paging BWP.

A BS, such as an evolved node B (eNB) and gNB, may select a paging carrier based on the UE's paging capability, as discussed above. A UE may also select paging carriers. The carriers may include a paging narrow band (e.g., in eMTC), a paging bandwidth part (BWP), or a paging frequency in NR based on the paging band configuration. In an example, a cell may be configured with multiple paging BWPs. The multiple BWPs may be configured with different default paging DRX parameters. The DRX parameters may be used to determine the paging occasion.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of selecting a carrier to transmit paging information, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may configure multiple carriers in preparation for sending a paging message to a UE. In step <NUM>, the BS may select a configured carrier for sending a paging message to the UE according to a carrier selection strategy. The BS may select the carrier based on the DRX parameter for the UE. In selecting the carrier for sending the paging messages, the BS may determine differences between DRX parameters specific for the UE. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS using the same carrier selection strategy.

A carrier selection strategy may be executed when: (<NUM>) the DRX parameter of the UE is known (<NUM>) the UE supports DRX cycle based carrier selection and (<NUM>) the DRX parameters of carriers have been configured according to system information blocks (SIB). A paging carrier (or a set/subset of paging carriers) may be configured for a UE in the SIB from the BS (e.g., eNB, gNB). The paging carrier may be configured according to: (<NUM>) a paging carrier list for the UE (<NUM>) the UE's indication of a carrier or (<NUM>) a UE's instructions for the paging carrier parameter.

Accordingly, in optional step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier configured for sending the paging message to the UE based on the DRX parameters for each of the configured carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

For example, as shown in optional step704, the BS may select a configured carrier for sending a paging message to the UE based on (<NUM>) DRX parameters specific for the UE and (<NUM>) DRX parameters of the configured carriers. For instance, the BS may determine the difference between the DRX parameters for the specific UE and the DRX parameters for each of the configured carriers. The BS may select the configured carrier based on the minimum difference between the DRX parameters for the specific UE and the DRX parameters for the configured carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

For example, the DRX parameter value for the carriers or for the specific UE may be a radio frame (rf) with the following lengths: rf32 (rf for a duration of <NUM>), rf64 (rf for a duration of <NUM>), rf128 (rf for a duration of <NUM>), rf256 (rf for a duration of <NUM>), rf512 (rf for a duration of <NUM>), rf1024 (rf for a duration of <NUM>).

In a first instance, when the value of a narrowband (NB) Internet of things (IoT) UE DRX parameter is rf32, the UE may select the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf1024 may be selected.

In a second instance, when the value of the NB IoT UE DRX parameter is rf128, the UE may select the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf1024 may be selected.

In a third instance, when the value of the NB IoT UE DRX parameter is rf256, the UE may select the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf256 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf128 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf64 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf32 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 may be selected. When the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf512 is not configured, the carrier with the carrier specific DRX parameter of rf1024 may be selected.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in optional step <NUM>, a carrier may be selected from a subset of carriers configured for sending paging messages to the UE. The subset of carriers may be the carriers closest to the DRX parameter for the specific UE. The BS may select the subset of carriers (e.g., the closest carriers to the DRX parameter for the specific UE) for sending paging messages to the UE based on the absolute value of the minimum difference between the DRX parameters for the specific UE and the DRX parameters for each of the configured carriers. For instance, the BS may determine the difference between the DRX parameters for the specific UE and the DRX parameters for each of the configured carriers to create a subset of the closest carriers.

The BS may select a carrier from the subset of carriers. In one embodiment, as shown in step 706a, the BS may select the carrier for sending paging messages from the subset of carriers based on at least one of (<NUM>) User Equipment Identification (UE_ID) (<NUM>) weights of each of the subsets of carriers and (<NUM>) the GWUS configurations of the subsets of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS. In alternate embodiment, as shown in step 706b, the BS may select the carrier for sending paging messages from the subset of carriers based on the UE_ID and the weights of the subset of carriers. Further, the BS may determine whether the selected carrier is associated with a GWUS configuration and whether to use the GWUS configuration.

Additionally or alternatively, step 706c may be performed before step <NUM>. For example, the BS may select a first subset of carriers with GWUS configurations, and then select a second subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers from the first subset of carriers, and then select the paging carrier based on the UE_ID. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 706c, the BS may select one or more carriers in response to determining that the one or more carriers are associated with GWUS configurations. In step <NUM>, the BS selects, from the one or more carriers, a carrier for sending paging messages based on the UE_ID and the weights of the carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

A UE may monitor GWUS in a cell in the event that the UE monitors the cell based on GWUS monitoring conditions such as (<NUM>) the UE is capable of GWUS monitoring (<NUM>) the GWUS parameters are configured and (<NUM>) the UE is normally released in the cell. In the event the UE monitors GWUS in the cell, the UE (or BS) may select, from the carriers configured with GWUS configurations from the carrier set, a carrier based on UE_ID and/or the weights of carriers.

In an example, a specific UE DRX parameter may be rf64 and the UE may monitor GWUS in a cell. The carriers may have the characteristics as described in Table <NUM> below.

Given the example, carriers <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> may be selected based on carriers <NUM>-<NUM> having equally close DRX parameters (e.g., rf64). In some circumstances, if carrier <NUM> is selected, the UE may not monitor GWUS in the cell. Alternatively, if carrier <NUM> or carrier <NUM> are selected, the UE may monitor GWUS in the cell. In other circumstances, a carrier may be selected based on a UE_ID and/or a carrier weight.

Additionally or alternatively, carriers <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM> may be selected based on the UE's capability to monitor GWUS. From the subset of carriers <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM>, carriers <NUM> and <NUM> may be selected for having equally close DRX parameters (e.g., rf64). A paging carrier may be selected based on UE_ID and/or carrier weight.

As shown in optional step <NUM>, the BS may select a subset of carriers based on determining that the DRX parameters of the subset of carriers are less than or equal to the DRX parameters of the UE. As shown in step 709a, the BS may select a carrier for sending a paging message from the subset of carriers based on determining the carrier with the maximum value of the DRX parameter in the subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS. In an alternate embodiment, as shown in 709b, the BS may select a second subset of carriers from the subset of carriers. The second set of carriers may be based on determining the one or more carriers with the maximum values of the DRX parameter in the subset of carriers. As shown in <NUM>, the BS may select a carrier for sending a paging message from the second subset of carriers based on at least one of UE_ID, respective weights of the subset of carriers, or respective GWUS configurations of the second subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

If the UE can not monitor the GWUS in the cell (e.g., the UE has not satisfied the GWUS monitoring conditions), a carrier may be selected from the second subset of carriers based on UE_ID and/or weights of the subset of carriers.

Additionally or alternatively, in the event the UE monitors GWUS in the cell, the UE may select, from the carriers configured with GWUS configurations, a carrier based on UE_ID and/or the weight of the carriers.

Given the example, the UE may select carriers from carriers <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> based on carriers <NUM>-<NUM> having DRX parameters less than or equal to the UE DRX parameter (e.g., rf64). The UE may further select carriers <NUM>-<NUM> based on carriers <NUM>-<NUM> having the maximal DRX carrier parameters of the carriers selected from carriers <NUM>-<NUM>. The UE may further select carriers based on the GWUS configuration. For example, the UE may select carrier <NUM> or <NUM> because the UE can monitor GWUS in the cell. From the subset of carriers <NUM>, and <NUM> the UE may select a carrier based on a UE_ID and/or a carrier weight. In the event that carrier <NUM> is selected, the UE can not monitor GWUS in the cell.

Additionally or alternatively, the UE may select carriers <NUM> and <NUM> based on the UE's capability to monitor GWUS in carriers <NUM> and <NUM>. The UE may further select a carrier based on UE_ID and/or carrier weight.

As shown in optional step <NUM>, the paging carrier may be selected based on a mapping relationship. A mapping relationship may be configured between the DRX parameter of the UE and the paging carrier. The mapping relationship may be indicated in the System Information (SI). The mapping relationship may be based on: (<NUM>) configuring a DRX parameter interval (or segment) threshold of the UE and a DRX parameter interval index of the UE corresponding to each carrier (<NUM>) configuring the DRX parameter interval (or segment) threshold of the UE and a carrier range corresponding to each DRX parameter interval of the UE or (<NUM>) configuring each carrier with the DRX parameter range of the UE that may be carrier (e.g., minUESpecificDRX, maxUESpecificDRX). The paging carrier may be selected based on the DRX parameter of the UE and the mapping relationship. In the event there are multiple selected carriers, the paging carrier may be selected based on the UE_ID and/or the GWUS resource group.

When the paging carrier selection strategy based on a maximum number of repetitions for Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in a common search space (CSS) for paging (Rmax-paging parameter) and the DRX parameter of the UE are both options (e.g., the network is configured with related parameters and the UE supports related functions), the paging carrier may be selected based on Rmax-paging to define a subset of paging carriers. Subsequently, the paging carrier may be selected based on the DRX parameter of the UE. The Rmax-paging parameter may be the same as the Coverage Enhancement Level (CEL) and the Enhanced Coverage Level (ECL).

For UEs with limited coverage enhancements (e.g., small CEL and Rmax-paging parameter), the carrier with the smallest Rmax-paging parameter may be selected. That is, the UE type may be selected and determined, and then the carrier based on the Rmax-paging parameter and/or DRX parameter of the UE is determined based on the UE type.

In some embodiments, carriers may be configured for each Rmax-paging parameter or the Rmax-paging parameter of the UE may be configured. In these circumstances, the paging carrier may be selected according to the Rmax-paging parameter of the configured carrier being the same as the Rmax-paging parameter of the UE.

In the event that: (<NUM>) the DRX parameter of the UE is provided, (<NUM>) both the DRX parameter of the carrier and Rmax-paging parameter of the carrier are configured (<NUM>) the UE supports selecting paging carriers according to Rmax-paging parameters and (<NUM>) the UE supports selecting paging carriers according to DRX parameters of carriers, then the UE may perform a carrier selection strategy.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of selecting a carrier to transmit paging information, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier for sending paging messages based on (<NUM>) Rmax-paging parameter of the UE (<NUM>) DRX parameters for each of the carriers and (<NUM>) Rmax-paging parameters for each of the carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

In optional step <NUM>, the BS may select a first subset of carriers based on determining that the Rmax-paging parameters of each of the carriers in the first subset of carriers are greater than or equal to the Rmax-paging parameter of the UE. In step 803a, the BS may select a carrier for sending the paging message based on the closest DRX parameter of the UE and the DRX parameter of the carriers from the first subset of carriers. The closest DRX parameter may be determined by finding the minimum absolute value of the difference of the DRX parameters of the UE and the DRX parameters in the first subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 803b, the BS may select a second subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the first subset of carriers being less than or equal the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a carrier for sending the paging message based on the maximum DRX parameters of the carriers from the second subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 803c, the BS may select a second subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the first subset of carriers being greater than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a carrier for sending the paging message based on the minimum DRX parameters of the carriers from the second subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 803d, the BS may select a second subset of carriers based on the minimum Rmax-paging parameters of the carriers in the first subset of carriers. As shown in step 807a, the BS may select the carrier for sending the paging message based on the closest DRX parameter of the second subset of carriers. The BS may determine the closest DRX parameter by determining the minimum absolute values of the difference of each of the DRX parameters of the carriers in the second subset and the DRX parameter of the UE. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 807b, the BS may select a third subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the second subset being less than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier for sending the paging message based on the maximum DRX parameter value of the third subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step 807c, the BS may select the third subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the second subset being greater than or equal to the DRX parameters of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier for sending the paging message based on the minimum DRX parameter value of the third subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in optional step <NUM>, in the event that the UE can monitor GWUS in the cell (based on GWUS monitoring conditions such as (<NUM>) the UE is capable of monitoring GWUS (<NUM>) the GWUS parameters are configured and (<NUM>) the UE is normally released in the cell), the carrier may be selected for paging from the subsets based on at least one of the UE_ID, weights of each of the carriers, or GWUS configurations of the carriers.

In an example, the UE may have the following conditions: Rmax-paging parameter = <NUM>, CEL =CEL1, DRX parameter of UE is rf64, and the UE can monitor the GWUS in the cell (e.g., the UE satisfies the monitoring conditions). The carriers may have the characteristics as described in Table <NUM> below.

The carrier for sending the paging message may be selected with the Rmax-paging parameter (or CEL value) that is greater than or equal to the Rmax-paging parameter (CEL) of the UE (e.g., a subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM>). In a next step of the carrier selection process, the carriers with the closer Rmax-paging parameter (or CEL value) may be selected from the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM>. That is, carriers <NUM> and <NUM> may be selected (because of CEL1). In the event that carrier <NUM> is selected, because carrier <NUM> is configured for GWUS, the UE may monitor GWUS in the cell. In the event that carrier <NUM> is selected, because carrier <NUM> is not configured, GWUS may not be monitored in the cell.

Additionally or alternatively, the carriers for sending the paging message may be selected with the Rmax-paging parameter (or CEL value) that is greater than or equal to the Rmax-paging parameter (CEL) of the UE (e.g., a subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM>). In a next step of the carrier selection process, carriers may be selected from the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> based on the DRX parameter of the UE. For instance, the carrier with the DRX parameter that is closest to the DRX parameter of the UE may be selected. The carrier with the DRX parameter that is closest to the DRX parameter of the UE may be determined by taking the minimum absolute value of the difference of the DRX parameters of each of the carriers and the DRX parameter of the UE. Accordingly, carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected.

Additionally or alternatively, a subset of carriers may be selected from the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> with the DRX parameters that are less than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. Accordingly, carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected. Subsequently, the carriers with the maximum DRX parameters of the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected.

Additionally or alternatively, a subset of carriers may be selected from the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> with the DRX parameters that are greater than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. Accordingly, carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected. Subsequently, the carrier with the minimum DRX parameters of the subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected.

In the event that the UE can monitor the GWUS in the cell (e.g., the GWUS monitoring conditions are satisfied), the carrier may be selected that is configured with GWUS. Accordingly, carrier <NUM> may be selected. Carriers may further be selected based on UE_ID and paging carrier weight. In the event that one carrier is selected, that carrier may be the paging carrier.

Additionally or alternatively, the BS may select a first subset of carriers with GWUS configurations, and subsequently select a second subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers and/or based on the Rmax-paging parameters of the carriers from the first subset of carriers. In a next step of the carrier selection process, the paging carrier may be selected based on the UE_ID. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, in the event that the BS determines that the UE is in the last connected cell (e.g. has not moved to a new cell), a carrier for a paging message (based on the DRX parameter of the UE, the Rmax-paging parameter of the UE, and the Rmax-paging parameter of the carriers) may be determined.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of selecting a carrier selection strategy using the DRX parameters of the carrier, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier selection strategy based on Rmax-paging and DRX parameter of the UE may be activated (e.g., the network may be configured with the related parameters and the UE supports both carrier selection strategies such that selection strategies based on Rmax-paging parameters of the UE or DRX parameters of the UE may be performed). In some embodiments, the carrier selection strategy based on the Rmax-paging may be deactivated.

As shown in step <NUM>, in the event the UE does not move to a new cell (e.g., the UE is in the same cell) or the paging cell is a not new cell (e.g., the paging cell is the same cell) then, as shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier may be selected based on the DRX parameter of the UE and the Rmax-paging parameter of the UE. In some circumstances, in the event the UE is not mobile (e.g., won't leave the BS cell), the UE may select a paging carrier outside of the paging set.

In the event the UE is mobile and the BS is configured with the UE's paging carrier set, the UE may select a paging carrier in the paging carrier set. For example, in the event the UE moves to a new cell (e.g., the UE is not in the normally released cell) or the paging cell is a new cell (e.g., the paging cell is not the cell that the normally released cell) then the UE may select the paging carrier by selecting a carrier based on the legacy paging carrier selection strategy(e.g. DRX based carrier selection and Rmax-paging carrier selection are not used) or based on the DRX parameter for the UE according to a carrier selection method in step <NUM>.

One carrier selection method 903a is based on selecting a carrier for sending the paging message based on the closest DRX parameter of the UE and the DRX parameter of the carriers. The closest DRX parameter may be determined by finding the minimum absolute value of the difference of the DRX parameters of the UE and the DRX parameters of each of the carriers.

One carrier selection method 903b is based on selecting a subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the subset of carriers being less than or equal the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a carrier for sending the paging message based on the maximum DRX parameters of the carriers from the subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

One carrier selection method 903c is based on selecting a subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the subset of carriers being greater than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a carrier for sending the paging message based on the minimum DRX parameters of the carriers from the subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

As shown in optional step <NUM>, a carrier may be selected for paging from the subsets based on at least one of the UE_ID and weights of each of the carriers, or GWUS configurations of the carriers (if the UE can monitor the GWUS in the cell based on satisfied GWUS monitoring conditions).

In an example, an Rmax-paging parameter may of a UE may be <NUM> (e.g., Rmax-paging = <NUM>), the CEL of the UE may be CEL1, the DRX parameter of the UE may be rf64, and the UE may monitor GWUS in the cell. In the example, the UE moves to a new cell. The carriers may have the characteristics as described in Table <NUM> below.

Given the example, the carriers may be selected based on the carriers with the closest DRX parameter to the DRX parameter of the UE (e.g., a subset of carriers <NUM>-<NUM>). In the event that carrier <NUM> or <NUM> is selected, the UE may monitor the GWUS in the cell. In the event that carrier <NUM> is selected the UE may not monitor the GWUS because the monitoring conditions may not be satisfied.

Additionally or alternatively, carriers may be selected that are configured with GWUS. That is, carriers <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM> may be selected. In some circumstances, in a next step of the carrier selection process, the carriers may be selected based on the carriers with the closest DRX parameters to the DRX parameters of the UE (e.g., carriers <NUM> and <NUM>). In some circumstances, in the next step of the carrier selection process, the carriers may be selected based on the DRX parameter of the carriers being less than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. Subsequently, the carrier may be selected from the carriers in the subset (e.g., carriers <NUM> and <NUM>) with the minimum DRX parameter. In some circumstances, in the next step of the carrier selection process, the carriers may be selected based on the DRX parameter of the carriers being greater than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE (e.g., carriers <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>). Subsequently, the carrier may be selected from the carriers in the subset (e.g., carriers <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>) with the minimum DRX parameter (e.g., carriers2 and <NUM>).

In the event there remains a subset of carriers to select the carrier for sending the paging message, a carrier may be selected based on the UE_ID and/or the paging carrier weight.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of selecting a carrier selection strategy using the Rmax-paging parameter (or CEL) and the DRX parameters of the carrier, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier selection strategy based on Rmax-paging and DRX parameter of the UE may be activated (e.g., the network may be configured with the related parameters and the UE supports both carrier selection strategies such that selection strategies based on Rmax-paging parameters of the UE or DRX parameters of the UE may be performed).

As shown in step <NUM>, in the event the UE does not move to a new cell (e.g., the UE is in the same cell) or the paging cell is a not new cell (e.g., the paging cell is the same cell) then, as shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier may be selected based on the DRX parameter for the UE and the Rmax-paging parameter.

Alternatively, in the event the UE moves to a new cell (e.g., the UE is not in the normally released cell) or the paging cell is a new cell (e.g., the paging cell is not the cell that the normally released cell) then the UE may select the paging carrier by selecting a carrier (or a subset of carriers) based on the carriers with the largest Rmax-paging parameters as shown in <NUM>.

As shown in step <NUM>, a first subset of carriers may be selected based on determining maximum Rmax-paging parameters. As shown in step <NUM>, a carrier may be selected for sending the paging message based on the carriers closest to the DRX parameter for the specific UE. The BS may select the closest carriers to the DRX parameter for the specific UE for sending paging messages to the UE based on the minimum absolute value of the difference between the DRX parameters for the specific UE and the DRX parameters for each of the configured carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a second subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the first subset being less than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier for sending the paging message based on the maximum DRX parameter value of the second subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the third subset of carriers based on the DRX parameters of the carriers in the second subset being greater than or equal to the DRX parameters of the UE. As shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select the carrier for sending the paging message based on the minimum DRX parameter value of the third subset of carriers. The UE may select the same carrier resource as the BS.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in optional step <NUM>, in the event that the UE can monitor GWUS in the cell, the carrier may be selected for paging from the subsets based on at least one of the UE_ID, weights of each of the carriers, or GWUS configurations of the carriers.

Given the example, a carrier for sending the paging message may be selected based on the carriers with the largest Rmax-paging parameter (e.g., carriers <NUM>-<NUM>). The carrier with closest DRX parameter of the UE and the DRX parameter of carriers <NUM>-<NUM> may be selected. Accordingly, carrier <NUM> may be selected as the carrier sending the paging message and because the monitoring conditions have been satisfied, the UE may monitor GWUS.

Additionally or alternatively, a carrier for sending the paging message may be selected based on the closest DRX parameters of the carriers with the closest DRX parameter of the UE. In a next step of the carrier selection process, a carrier for sending the paging message may be selected based on the DRX parameters of the carriers being less than or equal to the DRX parameters of the UE. Subsequently, the carrier may be selected based on the carrier with the maximum DRX parameter. That is, carrier <NUM> is selected. Additionally or alternatively, a carrier for sending the paging message may be selected based on the carriers with the DRX parameter that is greater than or equal to the DRX parameter of the UE. Subsequently, the carrier may be selected based on the carrier with the minimum DRX parameter. That is, carrier <NUM> is selected. The UE may further select carriers based on the GWUS configuration. From the subset of carriers, the UE may select a carrier based on a UE_ID and/or a carrier weight.

As discussed herein, in the event the UE moves to a new cell, or the paging cell is a new cell, a paging carrier may be selected for sending a paging message based at least on a DRX parameter of the UE, the UE's paging carrier based on the UE_ID, and/or the GWUS resource groups.

In the event a carrier is selected, the BS may transmit a paging message to the UE over the selected carrier using the Rmax-paging parameter of the selected carrier. The UE may receive the paging message according to the selected carrier. <FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of a fallback strategy, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. In the event that an Rmax-paging parameter is configured for a carrier, a Rmax-paging-fallback parameter may also be configured. The Rmax-paging-fallback may be used for paging the UE again in the event the first paging fails. The Rmax-paging-fallback may be greater than the Rmax-paging parameter. The SIB may contain both the Rmax-paging parameter and the Rmax-paging-fallback parameter. Similarly, there may be a CEL-fallback parameter. The Rmax-paging-fallback parameter may be configured per cell or carrier.

In response to the BS determining that the paging message has failed, the BS may resend the paging message over the selected carrier with an updated Rmax-paging parameter that may be greater than the Rmax-paging parameter of the selected carrier. Additionally or alternatively, the BS may resend the paging message over the selected carrier with the Rmax-paging-fallback parameter (e.g. with an updated Rmax-paging parameter greater than the Rmax-paging parameter of the selected carrier). As shown, BS <NUM> transmits a paging message <NUM> according to Rmax-paging-fallback parameters to a UE <NUM>.

The UE may also determine that the UE has not received the paging message and attempt to receive a subsequent paging message over the selected carrier with an updated Rmax-paging parameter greater than the Rmax-paging parameter of the selected carrier. Additionally or alternatively, upon determining that the UE has not received the paging message, the UE may attempt to receive a subsequent paging message over the selected carrier based on a legacy paging carrier selection strategy.

In the event the cell changes or the UE moves, the Rmax-paging-fallback parameter may be used to monitor paging. Similarly, in the event the BS fails to page the UE (e.g., a paging message failure), the BS may use the Rmax-paging-fallback parameter to page the UE.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of a BS determining a paging success, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier selection strategy based on Rmax-paging and/or DRX parameter of the UE may be performed. For example, the BS may be configured to select a paging carrier using a strategy based on Rmax-paging parameters of the UE and DRX parameters of the UE. In a different example, paging performed according to a carrier selection strategy (e.g., Rmax-paging) may have failed. In step <NUM>, the BS may determine whether the paging performed according to the carrier selection strategy (e.g., Rmax-paging parameter) may have failed. Additionally or alternatively, the BS may not determine that the paging has failed. For instance, the carrier used by the UE may have failed. For example, the UE may have moved to another cell which may have resulted in the paging failing. Additionally or alternatively, the Rmax-paging parameter may have been too small. As shown in step <NUM>, if the paging message has not failed, the BS may determine that the paging was successful. In the event the BS has determined that the paging has failed, or is unable to determine that the paging was successful, as shown in step <NUM>, the BS may select a paging carrier selection strategy according to the legacy paging carrier selection strategy and use the legacy Rmax-paging parameters for paging. The paging carrier selection strategy according to the legacy paring carrier selection strategy may include not using the paging carrier selection strategy based on the Rmax-paging parameter (or CEL parameter) and/or not using the paging carrier selection strategy based on the DRX parameter of the UE. The BS may subsequently perform paging transmission and/or paging monitoring to determine whether the page was successful. Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step <NUM>, the BS may send a paging message on the paging carrier according to the carrier selection strategy as described herein using the Rmax-paging-fallback parameter (as shown in <FIG>).

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in step <NUM>, the BS may send a paging message on both the legacy paging carrier (e.g., determined according to the legacy paging carrier selection strategy) and the paging carrier according to the carrier selection strategy as described herein.

<FIG> illustrates an example method <NUM> of a UE's wireless conditions changing, in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. As shown in step <NUM>, the paging carrier selection strategy based on Rmax-paging and/or DRX parameter of the UE may be activated (e.g., the network may be configured with the related parameters and the UE supports both carrier selection strategies such that selection strategies based on Rmax-paging parameters of the UE or DRX parameters of the UE may be performed). In step <NUM>, the UE may determine whether wireless conditions have changed (e.g., whether radio conditions have changed). A change of the UE's wireless conditions may include the UE determining that the Rmax-paging parameter required for the normal demodulation and scheduling of the PDCCH (CSS-paging) for paging has occurred based on, for instance, reference signal receive power (RSRP) measurements, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements, reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurements, signal to noise ratio (SINR) measurements, block error rate measurements, or other factors such as the UE selecting a new cell or moving.

As shown in step <NUM>, in the event that the wireless conditions have changed, the UE may use the legacy paging carrier selection strategy to select the paging carrier and monitor the paging message or select the paging carrier according to the carrier selection strategy as described herein with the Rmax-paging-fallback (as described in <FIG>). As shown in step <NUM>, in the event that the wireless conditions have not changed, the UE may use the paging carrier selection strategy based on the Rmax-paging parameter and/or the DRX parameter of the UE to select the paging carrier and monitor the paging message, as discussed herein.

Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according implementations of the present solution.

Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in implementations of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described implementations of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors.

Claim 1:
A wireless communication method, comprising:
receiving, by a base station (<NUM>) from an Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF, (<NUM>), user equipment, UE, paging capability included in Core Network Assistance Information, via a Next Generation Application Protocol, NGAP, interface in a handover process,
wherein the UE paging capability comprises at least one of wakeup signals support capability, wake up signal and extended discontinuous reception time, eDRX, related capability, group wakeup signals support capability, or group wakeup signals frequency hopping support; and
wherein the UE paging capability is for selecting paging resource for radio access network, RAN, paging; and
selecting, by the base station (<NUM>), the paging resource for RAN paging according to the UE paging capability.