Patent Description:
The present application relates to the technical field of railway vehicle gauge changing, and in particular, to a gauge-changing wheelset and a railway vehicle. Gauge-changing wheelsets are known from <CIT>, <CIT> and <CIT>, for instance.

Transnational passenger and cargo transportation has grown rapidly in recent years. However, different rail gauges of various countries have seriously hindered the transnational rail transportation. In order to solve the problem that the different rail gauges of various countries hinder the transnational railway transportation, a gauge-changing train is proposed, when the train runs on the railway of another country, a distance between wheels on an axle is changeable so as to adapt to the gauge of other countries' railways.

However, traditional gauge-changing wheelset has complex gauge-changing mechanism, cumbersome gauge-changing operations, and low reliability.

The present application is intended to address at least one of technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the present application provides a gauge-changing wheelset having simple gauge-changing operation and high gauge-changing reliability.

The present application further provides a railway vehicle.

According to an embodiment of an aspect of the present application, a gauge-changing wheelset is provided, including an axle, a pair of wheels, a pair of axle sleeves, an outer sleeve and a linkage mechanism;.

According to an embodiment of the present application, an outer circumference of the axle close to a middle portion thereof is provided with a section of outer spline extending in an axial direction of the axle, and the outer spline of the axle is provided with an oblong hole radially extending through the outer spline and having a longitudinal direction coinciding with the axial direction of the axle.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the linkage mechanism includes a locking slip ring, a thrust pin and a locking elastic piece; and
the locking slip ring is slidably sleeved at the outer spline of the axle, and the locking slip ring is provided therein with an inner spline matched with the outer spline of the axle, and provided externally with an outer spline matched with the inner spline of the outer sleeve. An inner wall of the locking slip ring is radially provided with a pair of open grooves having openings communicated with an end of the locking slip ring. The thrust pin passes through the oblong hole, and both ends of the thrust pin extend out of the oblong hole and both ends of the thrust pin exposed outside the oblong hole are embedded inside the pair of the open grooves by the openings of the open grooves. The locking elastic piece is sleeved on the axle, and has an end abutted against an outer wall of the first raceway, and another end abutted against an end of the locking slip ring away from the open groove. When the locking elastic piece is in a natural state, the outer spline outside the locking slip ring is at least partially located in the inner spline of a corresponding side of the outer sleeve to lock the rotation of the outer sleeve.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the gauge-changing wheelset further includes a thrust rod penetrating through a central through hole provided along the axial direction of the axle, an end of the thrust rod penetrates through the central through hole of the axle and abuts against a side of the thrust pin at which the open groove is located, and another end of the thrust rod extends to an end portion of the axle. The thrust rod pushes the locking slip ring to compress the locking elastic piece and disengage from the inner spline of the outer sleeve by applying a thrust to the thrust rod, so as to unlock the rotation of the outer sleeve relative to the axle.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first non-self-locking thread has a length greater than the length of the second non-self-locking thread and equal to half of the gauge to be changed;.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the gauge-changing wheelset further includes a thrust converting mechanism, and axle-box bodies mounted at both ends of the axle and outside the wheels;.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the mounting base includes a base body and an extending base extending to a side along the base body, and the base body and the extending base are connected to each other by a frustum-shaped transition connecting base having a large end connected with the base body and a small end connected with the extending base, and a periphery of the base body is provided with connecting holes and the horizontal through hole penetrate through the extending base, the transition connecting base and the base body.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the lower side of the extending base is provided with a notch penetrating through an end thereof;.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the outer end of the extending base is provided with a jacking gland;.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the positioning piece is a positioning pin having a positioning end configured to have a convex arc surface, and the positioning recess is configured to have a concave arc surface matched with the convex arc surface; and a part of the convex arc surface is located in the concave arc surface; and
the elastic preloaded piece is a preloaded spring having an end fastened in the open slot, and the other end fastened and sleeved on an end of the positioning pin distal to the positioning end.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a jacking shaft support ring is fixed at the end of the axle and is disposed coaxially with the central through hole. The jacking shaft support ring partially extends inside the central through hole and has an inner diameter matched with an outer diameter of the jacking shaft; and the jacking shaft enters the central through hole through the jacking shaft support ring and is configured to push the thrust rod.

According to an embodiment of another aspect of the present application, provided is a railway vehicle, including a vehicle body and a bogie disposed under the vehicle body, and each of the bogies is provided with a pair of the gauge-changing wheelsets.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application mentioned above have at least one of the following technical effects.

For the gauge-changing wheelset according to the embodiments of the present application, by using the technical solutions, the linkage mechanism is mounted between the axle and the outer sleeve for locking or unlocking the rotation of the outer sleeve relative to the axle; and when the rotation of the outer sleeve relative to the axle is unlocked by the linkage mechanism and the wheels are in an unloaded state, the pair of wheels are pushed to rotate synchronously to move closer to each other or away from each other so as to change the gauge, resulting in a simple gauge-changing operation and high reliability in changing gauge.

The railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application has all the advantages of the gauge-changing wheelset by being equipped with the above-mentioned gauge-changeable wheelset, which will not be repeated here.

The additional aspects and advantages of this application will be partially given in the following description, and some thereof will be obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application.

In order to more clearly illustrate technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only certain embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative work for those skilled in the art.

axle; <NUM>. outer spline of axle; <NUM>. oblong hole; <NUM>. first raceway; <NUM>. second non-self-locking thread; <NUM>. central through hole; <NUM>. axle sleeve; <NUM>. first non-self-locking thread; <NUM>. outer spline of axle sleeve; <NUM>. sliding bearing mounting groove; <NUM>. wheel mounting base; <NUM>. sliding bearing gland mounting groove; <NUM>. wheel; <NUM>. outer sleeve; <NUM>. second raceway; <NUM>. inner spline; <NUM>. axle-box body; <NUM>. locking slip ring; <NUM>. locking spring; <NUM>. thrust pin; <NUM>. thrust rod; <NUM>. thrust converting mechanism; <NUM>. mounting base; <NUM>-<NUM>. base body; <NUM>-<NUM>. transition connecting base; <NUM>-<NUM>. extending base; <NUM>. jacking shaft; <NUM>-<NUM>. jacking portion; <NUM>. positioning pin; <NUM>. preloaded spring; <NUM>. friction block; <NUM>. jacking gland; <NUM>. jacking shaft support ring; <NUM>. sliding bearing; <NUM>. gear box; <NUM>. brake disc; <NUM>. gear box mounting base; <NUM>. brake disc mounting interface.

Embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are intended to illustrate the application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is to be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component stated must have a particular orientation, is constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is to be noted that unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise, the terms "connected with", and "connected" shall be understood broadly, for example, it may be either fixedly connected or detachably connected, or can be integrated; it may be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the terms above in embodiments of the present application can be understood by a person skilled in the art in accordance with specific conditions.

In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise clearly stated and defined, the first feature being located "on" or "under" the second feature means that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature or the first feature is in contact with the second feature by an intervening media. Also, the first feature being located "on", "above" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly on or above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature. The first feature being located "under", "below" and "on bottom of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly under or below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is lower than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that specific features, structure, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may integrate and combine the different embodiments or examples and the features of the different embodiments or examples described in this specification without contradicting each other.

As shown in <FIG>, an embodiment of the present application provides a gauge-changing wheel set.

A gauge-change wheelset according to an embodiment of the present application includes an axle sleeve <NUM>, an outer sleeve <NUM>, an axle <NUM>, a pair of wheels <NUM> and a linkage mechanism.

An outer circumference of a first end of each axle sleeve is provided with a wheel mounting base <NUM> having a width consistent with the width of the hub of each wheel <NUM>, the wheel <NUM> is fastened on the wheel mounting base <NUM>, and may be in interference fit with the wheel mounting base <NUM> so as to ensure the reliability of the connection between the two.

An inner circumference of the second end of each axle sleeve <NUM> is provided with a section of a first non-self-locking thread <NUM>. The first non-self-locking threads <NUM> of the pair of axle sleeves <NUM> have opposite directions of rotation, and the pair of wheels <NUM> are fastened on the wheel mounting bases <NUM> of the pair of axle sleeves <NUM>. The axle <NUM> is provided with two sections of second non-self-locking threads <NUM> that form a non-self-locking thread pair with the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> at intervals, that is, the pair of second non-self-locking threads <NUM> also have opposite directions of rotation. The wheels <NUM> are mounted on the axle <NUM> through the axle sleeves <NUM>, and each first non-self-locking thread <NUM> is connected with each second non-self-locking thread <NUM>.

When the pair of wheels <NUM> is pushed inward or outward at the same time after the wheels <NUM> are unloaded, due to the non-self-locking thread pair having opposite direction of rotation, the pair of wheels <NUM> may move closer to each other or away from each other when they rotate in the same direction until they move to a set gauge-changing position so as to change the gauge. By arranging the axle sleeve <NUM>, the wheels <NUM> can easily slide along the axle <NUM> to change the gauge, and the connection structure of the axle <NUM> and the wheel <NUM> is simple, and the gauge-changing reliability is high.

The axle sleeve <NUM> engages with the second non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle <NUM> by the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> for transmitting part of the torque, and generating relative rotation and lateral movement between the axle sleeve <NUM> and the axle <NUM> in the unlocked state.

Specifically, the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> has a length greater than the length of the second non-self-locking thread <NUM>, and the length difference is equal to half of the gauge to be changed, so that both wheels <NUM> can move half of the gauge to be changed relative to the axle <NUM> during the rotation by following respective axle sleeves <NUM>, so that a sum of the distances along which both wheels <NUM> move is equal to the distance of the desired gauge to be changed.

According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in <FIG>, a sliding bearing mounting groove <NUM> extending from a first end to a second end of the axle sleeve <NUM> at an inner circumference of the axle sleeve <NUM> is used for mounting a sliding bearing <NUM>. The sliding bearing mounting groove <NUM> extends to a position close to the first non-self-locking thread <NUM>, and has a length equal to a length of the sliding bearing <NUM>. By arranging the sliding bearing <NUM>, it is convenient for the axle sleeve <NUM> to slide stably and smoothly and a protective effect on the axle sleeve <NUM> is provided.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the inner circumference of the axle sleeve <NUM> is provided with a sealing ring mounting groove at the position between the sliding bearing mounting groove <NUM> and the first non-self-locking thread <NUM>, and the sealing ring mounting groove is used for mounting the sealing ring so as to seal the end of the sliding bearing <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first end of the axle sleeve <NUM> is provided with a sliding bearing gland mounting groove <NUM> used to mount the sliding bearing gland. A plurality of threaded holes are disposed at the circumferential bottom surface of the sliding bearing gland mounting groove <NUM> at intervals, so that the sliding bearing gland is fixed in the sliding bearing gland mounting groove <NUM> by a fastener and the sliding bearing <NUM> is fixed by the sliding bearing gland. In addition, an inner circumference of the sliding bearing gland is provided with a sealing ring mounting groove for mounting the sealing ring, thereby forming a sealing structure at both ends of the sliding bearing <NUM> to prevent grease from entering the joint surface of the sliding bearing <NUM> and the axle <NUM>.

In order to optimize the structure, according to an embodiment of the present application, the outside of the axle sleeve <NUM> has a three-stage stepped shape having a descending diameter from the first end to the second end and the wheel mounting base <NUM> has the largest diameter and the highest strength, and adjacent steps are connected by arc surface transition so as to avoid stress concentration at the connection between the steps.

Specifically, as shown in <FIG>, an outer circumference of the axle <NUM> close to a middle portion thereof is provided with a section of outer spline extending in the axial direction of the axle <NUM>, and both axial sides of the outer spline <NUM> of the axle at the outer circumference thereof are provided with a pair of second non-self-locking threads <NUM> having opposite direction of rotation, that is, the axle <NUM> is further provided with two sections of second non-self-locking thread <NUM> having opposite direction of rotation disposed at both axial sides of the outer spline <NUM>. In an embodiment, there is a space between each section of second non-self-locking thread <NUM> and the outer spline <NUM> of the axle. The outer spline <NUM> of the axle <NUM> is provided with an oblong hole <NUM> radially extending through the outer spline. That is, the oblong hole <NUM> is disposed to coincide with the outer spline, and has a longitudinal direction along the axial direction of the axle, that is, the oblong hole <NUM> has a longitudinal direction consistent with the extending direction of the outer spline <NUM> of the axle.

Further, a part of the axle <NUM> between one of the second non-self-locking threads <NUM> and the outer spline <NUM> of the axle is provided with at least one first raceway <NUM> circumferentially disposed around the axle <NUM>, and the first raceway <NUM> is disposed close to the outer spline <NUM> of the axle.

In the present embodiment, the first raceway <NUM> has a cross section of concave semicircle.

The outer sleeve <NUM> is sleeved outside the axle <NUM>, an inner circumference of the outer sleeve <NUM> is provided with a second raceway <NUM> corresponding to the first raceway <NUM>, and the second raceway <NUM> has the same size and shape as those of the first raceway <NUM>. That is, the second raceway <NUM> also has a cross section of concave semicircle. The second raceway <NUM> is provided with a rolling element mounting hole and is snap-fitted with the first raceway <NUM> to form a circular rolling space in which a rolling element is mounted through the rolling element mounting hole. The rolling element, which may be a rolling ball, has an outer diameter matched with an inner diameter of the rolling space. The rolling space is filled with the rolling elements. In order to prevent impurities such as dust from entering the rolling space, a sealing plug is provided at the rolling element mounting hole. By connecting the outer sleeve <NUM> with the axle <NUM> through the rolling element, the outer sleeve <NUM> is rotatably connected outside the axle <NUM>, in other words, the outer sleeve <NUM> has rotational degree of freedom, but is limited in the movement degree of freedom, that is, the outer sleeve <NUM> can rotate relative to the axle <NUM> but cannot move.

The outer circumference of the second end of the axle sleeve <NUM> is provided with a section of outer splines extending along its axial direction. After being mounted, the second end of the axle sleeve <NUM> is located inside the wheel <NUM> and faces the outer sleeve <NUM>; inner splines <NUM> matched with the outer splines on the axle sleeve <NUM> are respectively disposed on both axial sides of the second raceway <NUM><NUM>- inside the inner circumference of the outer sleeve and located at a predetermined interval from the second raceway <NUM>. The axle sleeve <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> are connected through the inner splines <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> and the outer splines <NUM> of the axle sleeve <NUM> such that the axle sleeve <NUM> can rotate together with the outer sleeve <NUM>, or the axle sleeve <NUM> can move axially relative to the outer sleeve <NUM>. In the present embodiment, by arranging the axle sleeve <NUM>, the torque transmission between the wheel <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> and the lateral slip between the wheel <NUM> and the axle <NUM> are realized. The axle sleeve <NUM> has a simple and reliable structure, and can be used for the conversion among various gauges.

It should be noted that the "predetermined interval" can be set according to specific needs, and the predetermined interval between the inner splines <NUM> on both axial sides of the second raceway <NUM> and the second raceway <NUM> can be different.

The linkage mechanism according to the present embodiment is mounted between the axle <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> for locking or unlocking the rotation of the outer sleeve <NUM> relative to the axle <NUM>; and when the rotation of the outer sleeve <NUM> relative to the axle <NUM> is unlocked by the linkage mechanism and the wheels <NUM> are in an unloaded state, the pair of wheels <NUM> are pushed to rotate synchronously such that they move closer to each other or away from each other until the gauge to be changed is reached and thus the gauge is changed.

The gauge-changing wheelset of the present embodiment further includes a thrust rod <NUM>. A central through hole through which the thrust rod <NUM> penetrates is provided along the axial direction of the axle <NUM>. The thrust rod <NUM> has an end connected with the linkage mechanism and the other end extending to an outer end of the axle. By applying a thrust to the thrust rod <NUM>, the wheels <NUM> are unlocked by driving the linkage mechanism through the thrust rod <NUM>.

According to an embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a locking slip ring <NUM>, a thrust pin <NUM> and a locking elastic piece. In an embodiment, the locking slip ring <NUM> is slidably sleeved at the outer spline <NUM> of the axle, and the locking slip ring is provided therein with an inner spline <NUM> matched with the outer spline <NUM> of the axle, and provided externally with an outer spline matched with the inner spline <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM>. An inner wall of the locking slip ring <NUM> is radially provided with a pair of open grooves having openings communicated with an end of the locking slip ring <NUM>. The thrust pin <NUM> passes through the oblong hole <NUM> and both ends of the thrust pin <NUM> extend out of the oblong hole <NUM>, and both ends of the thrust pin <NUM> exposed outside the oblong hole <NUM> are embedded inside the pair of the open grooves by the openings of the open grooves. The thrust pin <NUM> has a length consistent with a distance between the top walls of the pair of open grooves, and both ends of the thrust pin <NUM> abut against the top walls of the open groove. In addition, the thrust pin <NUM> has a width consistent with widths of the open grooves such that the thrust pin <NUM> and the locking slip ring <NUM> have reliable connection.

In order to facilitate the axial movement of the thrust pin <NUM> along the oblong hole <NUM>, the thrust pin <NUM> has a width smaller than the length of the oblong hole <NUM>, and a thickness less than or equal to the width of the oblong hole <NUM>. In addition, the width of the locking slip ring <NUM> should not be too wide to ensure that the locking slip ring <NUM> can have an amount of movement in the space between the second raceway <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> and the inner spline <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM>. In addition, the oblong hole <NUM> should have a length lightly smaller than the length of the outer spline <NUM> of the axle, so that the locking slip ring <NUM> always moves on the outer spline <NUM> of the axle.

The locking elastic piece, for example, an elastic spring <NUM>, is sleeved on the axle, and has an end abutted against an outer wall, i.e., a stop end surface of the first raceway <NUM>, and the other end abutted against an end of the locking slip ring <NUM> away from the open groove. When the locking elastic piece is in a natural state, the outer spline <NUM> outside the locking slip ring <NUM> is at least partially located in the inner spline <NUM> of a corresponding side of the outer sleeve <NUM> to lock the rotation of the outer sleeve <NUM> for fixing the outer sleeve relative to the axle <NUM>. In this case, the wheels and the axle sleeve <NUM> as well as the outer sleeve <NUM> and the axle <NUM> are integrated and have no rotation relative to each other, and the wheels <NUM> are in a locked state.

Specifically, an end of the thrust rod <NUM> penetrates into the central through hole <NUM> of the axle <NUM> and abuts against a side of the thrust pin <NUM> where the open groove is located, and the other end of the thrust rod <NUM> extends to the end of the axle <NUM>. By applying a thrust to the thrust rod <NUM>, the thrust rod <NUM> pushes the locking slip ring <NUM> to compress the locking elastic element and disengage from the inner splines <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> to unlock the rotation of the outer sleeve <NUM> relative to the axle <NUM>.

In the present embodiment, the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> is a trapezoidal thread, and correspondingly, the second non-self-locking thread <NUM> is a trapezoidal thread matching the trapezoidal thread having reliable performance.

It should be noted that the locking elastic piece may also be other elastic sleeves with certain elasticity.

According to an embodiment of the present application, an inner circumference of the outer sleeve <NUM> is provided with an annular boss at the second raceway <NUM> and the second raceway <NUM> is formed on the annular boss. After the outer sleeve <NUM> and the axle <NUM> are connected by a rolling ball, a pair of mounting spaces for the axle sleeves <NUM> are formed between the outer sleeve <NUM> and the axle <NUM> at both axial sides of the rolling space. During the sliding process, the sliding bearing <NUM> is in sliding contact with the axle <NUM> and is inserted into the outer sleeve <NUM> from the mounting space; the outer spline <NUM> of the axle sleeve move axially relative to the inner spline <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> until the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle <NUM> is in contact with the second non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle <NUM>, then the axle sleeve <NUM> is rotated such that the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> is screwed into the second non-self-locking thread <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, an annular flange is formed at a position of the axle <NUM> where the first raceway <NUM> is constructed. The annular flange has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the remaining part of the axle <NUM> such that a stop end surface is formed at both axial ends of the annular flange so as to define a limit position at which the axle sleeve <NUM> stops moving.

For a gauge-changing wheelset for motor vehicle, a gearbox <NUM> is mounted outside the outer sleeve <NUM>, and for a gauge-changing wheelset for trailer, a plurality of brake discs <NUM> are mounted outside the outer sleeve <NUM>.

In order to improve the reliability of the connection between the outer sleeve <NUM> and the axle <NUM>, according to an embodiment of the present application, there are two first raceways <NUM> arranged side by side. Correspondingly, there are two second raceways <NUM>, thus forming two raceway spaces arranged side by side.

Further, the axle <NUM> is divided into a main half shaft and an auxiliary half shaft by each first raceway <NUM>, and the part of the axle <NUM> provided with the outer splines and the oblong hole <NUM> is the main half shaft. The locking slip ring <NUM> is mounted on the main half shaft, and the open groove of the locking slip ring <NUM> faces towards the free end of the main half shaft, and the locking spring <NUM> is mounted between the stop end surface of the annular flange and the locking slip ring <NUM>.

For optimizing the structure, the first raceway <NUM> is disposed close to the outer spline <NUM> of the axle <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a distance between the outer splines <NUM> of the axle and the adjacent second non-self-locking threads <NUM> is equal to a distance between the annular flange and the adjacent second non-self-locking threads <NUM>, and both of them are equal to half of the gauge to be changed, and the distance serves as a movement space of the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle sleeve <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, for the gauge-changing wheelset for motor vehicle, the outer sleeve <NUM> is constructed with a gearbox mounting base <NUM> for mounting the gearbox <NUM>; as shown in <FIG>, for the gauge-changing wheelset for trailer, the outer sleeve <NUM> is constructed with a brake disc mounting interface <NUM> and there are a plurality of the brake disc mounting interfaces <NUM> arranged at intervals for mounting a plurality of brake discs <NUM> arranged at intervals.

Specifically, both ends of the axle <NUM> located outside the pair of wheels <NUM> are respectively mounted with axle-box bodies <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, both axial ends of the axle <NUM> are configured as stepped shafts with diameters at both ends smaller than the middle diameter, so that both ends of the stepped shaft are used to mount the axle-box body <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, sliding sections are respectively formed on the intermediate shaft of the stepped shaft between each section of the second non-self-locking thread <NUM> and the shaft end of the intermediate shaft, so that the sliding bearings <NUM> of the axle sleeve <NUM> slides relative to the axle <NUM>.

In addition, the central through hole <NUM> provided on the axle <NUM> is beneficial to reduce the weight of the axle <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the gauge-changing wheelset further includes a thrust converting mechanism <NUM> capable of directly applying thrust on the thrust rod <NUM> by means of an external force during changing gauge, and the thrust converting mechanism <NUM> is mounted an end of the axle <NUM> where the thrust rod <NUM> is located, that is, the thrust converting mechanism <NUM> only needs to be mounted on an end of the axle <NUM>.

Specifically, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the thrust converting mechanism <NUM> includes a mounting base <NUM> and a jacking shaft <NUM> axially penetrating through the mounting base <NUM>, the mounting base <NUM> is fixedly mounted outside the axle-box body <NUM>, and the jacking shaft <NUM> is connected to the thrust rod <NUM>. When the track side wall of the ground gauge-changing facility applies an axial thrust to the jacking shaft <NUM>, the jacking shaft <NUM> pushes the thrust rod <NUM> to move to unlock the wheel <NUM>.

Specifically, the mounting base <NUM> is provided with a horizontal through hole along the axial direction of the axle-box body <NUM>; the jacking shaft <NUM> penetrates movably through the horizontal through hole, and is opposite to the end of the thrust rod <NUM> located at the outer end of the axle <NUM>. An open slot is formed in one of the jacking shaft <NUM> and the mounting base <NUM> at an opposite position of the jacking shaft <NUM>. That is, the open slot may be provided on the radial outer wall of the jacking shaft <NUM> or may be provided on the corresponding inner wall of the mounting base <NUM>.

The open slot has an axis perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal through hole. A positioning piece is mounted in the open slot and connected with the open slot by an elastic preloaded piece such that it has an amount of movement along the axis of the open slot; the other one of the jacking shaft <NUM> and the mounting base <NUM> is provided with a positioning recess. That is, when the jacking shaft <NUM> is provided with the open slot, the mounting base <NUM> is provided with a positioning recess, while when the mounting base <NUM> is provided with the open slot, the jacking shaft <NUM> is provided with a positioning recess.

Further, a positioning end of the positioning piece is matched with the positioning recess. For example, when the positioning end of the positioning piece is a spherical surface, the positioning recess has a matching spherical surface, and the two spherical surfaces are compatible.

When the positioning end of the positioning piece is located in the positioning recess, the jacking shaft <NUM> is in a locked state, and when the positioning end of the positioning piece disengages from the positioning recess due to the jacking shaft <NUM> being subjected to a lateral thrust, the jacking shaft <NUM> is in a movable state. Specifically, the lateral thrust acts on the positioning end of the positioning piece, thereby generating a vertical component force, compressing the elastic preloaded piece so that the positioning piece is retracted into the open slot, and the lateral positioning of the jacking shaft <NUM> is released. In this case, the jacking shaft <NUM> is in the movable state, and continues to push the jacking shaft <NUM>, which may push the thrust rod <NUM>.

After the axle-box body <NUM> is lifted by an unlocking rail to unload the wheel <NUM>, a thrust is applied to the thrust rod <NUM> through the jacking shaft <NUM>, the thrust rod <NUM> pushes the thrust pin <NUM> to drive the locking slip ring <NUM> to compress the locking elastic piece on the axle <NUM> and move away from the inner splines <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> to disengage the inner splines <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM>, thereby unlocking the rotational degree of freedom of the outer sleeve <NUM>. In this case, when the wheels <NUM> are pushed, since the axle sleeve <NUM> is connected with the axle <NUM> through the non-self-locking thread pair, the outer sleeve <NUM>, the wheel <NUM> and the axle sleeve <NUM> will rotate together around the axle <NUM>, the first non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle sleeve <NUM> moves along the second non-self-locking thread <NUM> of the axle <NUM> during the rotation, so that the wheel <NUM> moves along with the axle sleeve <NUM> during the rotation until the gauge is changed.

After the gauge is changed, the ground gauge-changing facility will no longer apply thrust on the jacking shaft <NUM>, that is, the thrust of the thrust rod <NUM> on the thrust pin <NUM> is removed in this case, and the thrust pin <NUM> will follow the locking slip ring <NUM> to return to its original position under the elastic reset action of the locking elastic piece, that is, the outer splines of the locking slip ring <NUM> are re-inserted into the outer splines <NUM> of the outer sleeve <NUM> to lock the rotational degree of freedom of the outer sleeve <NUM>. In this case, the axle sleeve <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> cannot rotate relative to the axle <NUM>, the axle sleeve <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> can only rotate together with the axle <NUM>, that is, the axle sleeve <NUM> and the outer sleeve <NUM> are locked on the axle <NUM>, and the wheel <NUM> is re-locked.

In order to ensure the stability of the jacking shaft <NUM> when being pushed, a jacking shaft support ring <NUM> is fixed at the end of the axle <NUM>, and is coaxial with the central through hole <NUM>. The jacking shaft support ring <NUM> partially extends into the central through hole <NUM>, so that the jacking shaft support ring <NUM> can be mounted reliably. The jacking shaft support ring <NUM> has an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the jacking shaft <NUM> so as to ensure that the jacking shaft <NUM> does not shake during the movement process, the jacking shaft <NUM> enters the central through hole <NUM> through the jacking shaft support ring <NUM> and pushes the thrust rod <NUM>, and the movement process is smooth.

The gauge-changing wheelset according to the embodiment has convenient and reliable gauge-changing operation, and simple overall structure.

Further, as shown in <FIG>, the mounting base <NUM> includes a base body <NUM>-<NUM> and an extending base <NUM>-<NUM> extending to a side along the base body <NUM>-<NUM>, and the base body <NUM>-<NUM> and the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> are connected by a frustum-shaped transition connecting base <NUM>-<NUM> having a large end connected with the base body <NUM>-<NUM> and a small end connected with the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>, which can form a reasonable avoidance and match with the ground gauge-changing facility.

Further, a periphery of the base body is provided with connecting holes and the base body <NUM>-<NUM> is mounted on the outer end of the axle-box body <NUM> by allowing the connecting pieces to pass through the connecting holes. The horizontal through hole penetrates through the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>, the transition connecting base <NUM>-<NUM> and the base body <NUM>-<NUM>. Specifically, the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>, the transition connecting base <NUM>-<NUM> and the base body <NUM>-<NUM> are integrally formed, which is convenient for processing and leads to high strength. The mounting base <NUM> of the present embodiment is directly mounted on the outer end of the axle-box body <NUM>, and can additionally function as the outer end cover of the axle-box body <NUM>. The base body -<NUM>-<NUM> has a shape matching the shape of the outer end of the axle-box body <NUM>, for example, can be in a square shape and rounded arcs around the square.

In the present embodiment, the base body <NUM>-<NUM> is plate-shaped, and the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> is cylinder-shaped. The lower side of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> is provided with a notch penetrating through the end thereof, and the notch can be formed by cutting a side wall corresponding to a sub-arc along the axial direction from the end of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>; the specific cutting length is set based on the length of the desired changing gauge.

An outer end of the jacking shaft <NUM> is flush with an outer end of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> when the positioning end of the positioning piece is located in the positioning recess; that is, the jacking shaft <NUM> is movable in the mounting base <NUM>, specifically the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>. The outer end of the jacking shaft <NUM> is flush with the outer end of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> during no movement occurs and the jacking shaft <NUM> moves into the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> along the notch during movement.

Specifically, the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> may be subjected to a lateral thrust until the positioning end of the positioning piece disengages from the positioning recess and move along the notch, and the specific movable length is equal to the length of the notch.

According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in <FIG>, the outer end of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM> is provided with a jacking gland <NUM> for limiting the position of the jacking shaft <NUM> to avoid the jacking shaft <NUM> to extend out of the outer end of the extending base <NUM>-<NUM>.

The outer end of the jacking shaft <NUM> is provided with a connecting portion extending downward and inclined toward a direction away from the jacking gland <NUM>, the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> is formed at a free end of the connecting portion, and is provided with a vertical flat surface. By arranging the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> at the lower end of the jacking shaft <NUM>, it is convenient to push the jacking shaft <NUM> from the bottom of the jacking shaft <NUM>, which on one hand, may reasonably avoid the jacking gland <NUM>, and on the other hand, may adapt to the height of the track side wall of the ground gauge-changing facility.

According to an embodiment of the present application, a friction block <NUM> is mounted on the vertical flat surface of the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM>. By arranging the friction block <NUM>, on one hand, the strength of the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> is increased, and on the other hand, the service life of the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> is prolonged. In addition, when the friction block <NUM> is worn out, it may be directly replaced without replacing the jacking portion <NUM>-<NUM> and mounting base <NUM>, which saves costs.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the positioning piece is a positioning pin <NUM> having a positioning end configured to have a convex arc surface, such as a convex spherical surface, and the positioning recess is configured to have a concave arc surface matched with the convex arc surface, such as a concave spherical surface. A part of the convex arc surface is located in the concave arc surface such that the positioning end can be retracted from the positioning recess in time when it is subjected to a lateral thrust. It should be noted that, when the positioning pin <NUM> is subjected to a lateral thrust, its convex arc surface is subjected to a vertical thrust force component and a lateral thrust force component, and the vertical thrust force component compresses the elastic preloaded piece so that the positioning pin <NUM> moves downward, and the lateral thrust component pushes the positioning pin <NUM> away from the positioning recess.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the elastic preloaded piece is a preloaded spring <NUM> having an end fastened in the open slot, and the other end fastened and sleeved on an end of the positioning pin <NUM> distal to the positioning end. The positioning pin <NUM> may be provided with a connecting end with a diameter smaller than that of the positioning end. A positioning step is formed at the connection between the connecting end and the positioning end, and the preloaded spring <NUM> is directly sleeved on the connecting end and abuts against the positioning step.

According to the present embodiment, the gauge-changing process is described as follows.

A railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application includes a vehicle body and a bogie arranged under the vehicle body, and each bogie is provided with a pair of gauge-changing wheelsets. By arranging the gauge-changing wheelsets on each bogie, the railway vehicle may drive on rails having different gauges.

Claim 1:
A gauge-changing wheelset, comprising an axle (<NUM>), a pair of wheels, further comprising a pair of axle sleeves (<NUM>), an outer sleeve (<NUM>) and a linkage mechanism (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>),
wherein an outer circumference of a first end of each axle sleeve is provided with a wheel mounting base (<NUM>), an outer circumference of a second end of each axle sleeve (<NUM>) is provided with a section of an outer spline (<NUM>) extending along an axial direction of the axle sleeve, an inner circumference of the second end of each axle sleeve is provided with a section of a first non-self-locking thread (<NUM>), a pair of the first non-self-locking threads of the pair of axle sleeves have opposite directions of rotation, and the pair of wheels are fastened on the wheel mounting bases (<NUM>) of the pair of axle sleeves;
the axle is provided with two sections of second non-self-locking threads (<NUM>) at intervals, each second non-self-locking thread forming a non-self-locking thread pair with the first non-self-locking thread (<NUM>); the wheels are mounted on the axle through the axle sleeves (<NUM>), the first non-self-locking thread is fitted and connected with the second non-self-locking thread, and a part of the axle between the pair of second non-self-locking threads is provided with at least one first raceway (<NUM>) circumferentially disposed around the axle;
the outer sleeve (<NUM>) is sleeved outside the axle, an inner circumference of the outer sleeve is provided with a second raceway (<NUM>) corresponding to and being snap-fitted with the first raceway to form a rolling space in which a rolling element matched therewith is mounted such that the outer sleeve is rotatably connected outside the axle, and an inner spline (<NUM>) matched with the outer spline (<NUM>) on the axle sleeve (<NUM>) is provided on both axial sides of the second raceway (<NUM>) inside the outer sleeve (<NUM>) and located at a predetermined distance from the second raceway; and
the linkage mechanism is mounted between the axle and the outer sleeve (<NUM>) for locking or unlocking rotation of the outer sleeve relative to the axle; and when the rotation of the outer sleeve relative to the axle is unlocked by the linkage mechanism and the wheels are in an unloaded state, the pair of wheels are pushed to rotate synchronously to move closer to each other or away from each other, so as to change the gauge.