Patent Description:
A heat pipe is a hermetically sealed, two-phase heat transfer component used to transfer heat from a primary side (evaporator section) to a secondary side (condenser section). <FIG>, as an example, illustrates a heat pipe <NUM> comprising the aforementioned evaporator section <NUM> and condenser section <NUM>, along with an adiabatic section <NUM> extending therebetween. The heat pipe <NUM> further includes a working fluid (such as water, liquid potassium, sodium, or alkali metal) and a wick <NUM>. In operation, the working fluid is configured to absorb heat in the evaporator section <NUM> and vaporize. The saturated vapor, carrying latent heat of vaporization, flows towards the condenser section <NUM> through the adiabatic section <NUM>. In the condenser section <NUM>, the vapor condenses into a liquid pool <NUM> and gives off its latent heat. The condensed liquid is then returned to the evaporator section <NUM> through the wick <NUM> by capillary action. The aforementioned flow path of the working fluid is illustrated by segmented arrows in <FIG>. The phase change processes and two-phase flow circulation continues as long as the temperature gradient between the evaporator and condenser sections is maintained. Due to the very high heat transfer coefficients for boiling and condensation, heat pipes are highly effective thermal conductors.

In nuclear systems, heat pipes are utilized by placing the evaporator section of the heat pipe within the reactor core containing nuclear fuel and the condenser section is placed near heat exchangers. The nuclear fuel vaporizes the working fluid and heat exchangers absorb the latent heat at the condenser section. Example heat pipes in nuclear applications are described in <CIT>, <CIT>, and <CIT>.

Another example use for heat pipes in nuclear systems is with micro-reactors, which are nuclear reactors that generate less than 10MWe and are capable of being deployed for remote applications. These micro-reactors can be packaged in relatively small containers, operate without active involvement of personnel, and operate without refueling/replacement for a longer period than conventional nuclear power plants. One such micro-reactor is the eVinci Micro Reactor system, designed by Westinghouse Electric Company. The eVinci system is a heat pipe cooled reactor power system that utilizes heat pipes to act as passive heat removal devices that efficiently move thermal energy out of the reactor core to heat exchangers.

The heat pipes used in the micro-reactors experience extreme operating temperatures (><NUM>) and requires an internal wick that is made from materials that can withstand these temperatures and are compatible with the working fluid. This wick can be constructed from a wire mesh that is rolled and diffusion bonded together into a tube-like structure. The wick tube allows for the working fluid within the heat pipe to pass through it radially (such as after the latent heat is given off and the working fluid is absorbed by the wick) and along its axis (transferring the working fluid back toward the evaporator section with capillary action) while remaining rigid.

Manufacturing a wick for insertion into a heat pipe requires a highly complex and detailed process. At a very high level, a wick is manufactured by rolling a sheet of woven wick mesh material into a desired shape, compressing materials (such as tubing) into the wick to forcefully deform the wick into the desired shape, diffusion bonding the mesh together in an oven at vacuum levels while maintaining the wick in a compressed state, and then removing materials used to hold the wick in the compressed state during diffusion bonding. An example of this method for wick forming method are described in <CIT>, titled "METHOD OF FORMING A WICK FOR A HEAT PIPE".

As described above, the current method of forming a wick requires that materials used to hold the wick in the compressed state need to be removed after the diffusion bonding process need to be removed. <CIT>, as an example, describes how copper inner and outer mandrels are used to compress the wick and then, after diffusion bonding, the inner and outer mandrel need to be chemically removed through a chemical etching technique. Exposing the wick to this chemical etching process, however, introduces impurities into the wick and diminishes the wicks ability to perform its intended function. The chemical etching technique also results in an increased time and cost associated with producing wicks.

<CIT> discloses a resilient tube inserted into wick of fine copper wire knitted into a tubular form. The outer diameter of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the wick. Spaced metal rings with the same outer diameter as the tube are fitted on the outside of the tube. After the tube is inserted into a pipe, a rigid spherical member with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe is forced into the resilient tube, and liquid is charged under pressure into the tube such that the spherical member is urged forward in the tube by the pressure of the liquid while expanding the inner diameter of the tube.

It is the goal of the present disclosure to provide an assembly and method for forming wicks at significantly lower cost and time than other publically documented methods, as well as eliminating the need to use chemicals to remove materials from the wick after it has been formed.

In various embodiments, a forming assembly configured to form a wick is disclosed. The forming assembly includes an expandable tube and a forming shell assembly. The expandable tube is hydraulically expandable to an expanded configuration. A wick mesh can be wrapped about the expandable tube. The forming shell assembly includes a first forming shell including a first recess defined therein and a second forming shell including a second recess defined therein. The first recess and the second recess cooperate to define an outer diameter of the wick. The expandable tube and the wick mesh are positionable between the first recess and the second recess. The expandable tube and the forming shell assembly are configured to deform the wick mesh and to form the wick based on the expandable tube hydraulically expanding towards the expanded configuration. The forming assembly includes a support tube positionable within the expandable tube, wherein the support tube comprises pores defined therein. The pores are configured to fluidically couple a source of pressure to the expandable tube.

In various embodiments, a method of forming a wick by a forming shell assembly including an inflatable tube is disclosed. The method includes positioning a wick mesh about the inflatable tube, positioning the inflatable tube and the wick mesh within a receiving area of the forming shell assembly, coupling a first end flange to a first side of the forming shell assembly, and coupling a second end flange to a second side of the forming shell assembly. The first end flange includes a hydraulic opening defined therein. The hydraulic opening is in fluid communication with the inflatable tube. The method further includes clamping the forming shell assembly with a clamp plate assembly and applying pressure, via a source of pressure, to the inflatable tube through the hydraulic opening to transition the inflatable tube toward an inflated configuration to press the wick mesh against an inner surface of the forming shell assembly. The method includes positioning the inflatable tube about a porous support tube, wherein pores defined in the porous support tube are configured to fluidically couple the source of pressure to the inflatable tube.

In various embodiments, a wick forming assembly configured to form a wick is disclosed. The wick forming assembly include a porous support tube including pores defined therein and an inflatable tube configurable between a delated configuration and an inflated configuration. The inflatable tube is positioned about the porous support tube. A wick mesh can be wrapped about the inflatable tube. The forming assembly further includes a forming shell assembly including a first forming shell including a first recess defined therein and a second forming shell including a second recess defined therein. The wick assembly is positionable between the first recess and the second recess. The forming shell assembly further includes a first end flange and a second end flange. The first end flange is couplable to the first forming shell and the second forming shell. The first end flange includes a first receiving area configured to receive a first o-ring, a first portion of the porous support tube, and a first portion of the inflatable tube therein and a hydraulic opening configured to fluidically couple a source of pressure to the inflatable tube. The second end flange is couplable to the first forming shell and the second forming shell. The second end flange includes a second receiving area configured to receive a second o-ring, a second portion of the porous support tube, and a second portion of the inflatable tube therein.

Various features of the embodiments described herein, together with advantages thereof, may be understood in accordance with the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplifications set out herein illustrate various embodiments of the invention, in one form, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.

Numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the overall structure, function, manufacture, and use of the embodiments as described in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Well-known operations, components, and elements have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described in the specification. The reader will understand that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it can be appreciated that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and illustrative. Variations and changes thereto may be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

<FIG> illustrates a forming assembly <NUM> for forming a wick, according to at least one aspect of the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates an exploded view of the forming assembly <NUM>. Referring particularly to <FIG> and <FIG>, the forming assembly <NUM> includes a wick forming assembly <NUM>. The wick forming assembly <NUM> can include an expandable, or inflatable, tube <NUM> that is transitionable between an unexpanded, or deflated, configuration and a hydraulically expanded, or inflated, configuration. A sheet, or a plurality of layered sheets, of wick mesh <NUM> are configured to be tightly rolled or wrapped about the expandable tube <NUM>. The expandable tube <NUM> can be fabricated out of any suitable material, such as polyurethane, as an example. The expandable tube <NUM> material is selected such that when the wick mesh <NUM> is formed into a wick, as will be explained in more detail below, the expandable tube <NUM> will not substantially adhere, attach, or leave substantial trace material on the wick to a degree that compromises the wick's composition, structural integrity, and/or shape.

The wick forming assembly <NUM> can also include a support tube <NUM>. The support tube <NUM> is configured to be positioned within the expandable tube <NUM> and provide initial structural support to the expandable tube <NUM> and the wick mesh sheets <NUM> rolled about the expandable tube <NUM>. The support tube <NUM> includes a plurality of holes, apertures, or pores defined therein such that a pressurized, hydraulic medium, such as water, air, or any other suitable hydraulic medium, applied through the support tube <NUM> will impart a force onto the expandable tube <NUM> through the holes of the support tube <NUM> to transition the expandable tube <NUM> toward the expanded configuration. Stated another way, the pores of the support tube <NUM> fluidically couple a source of hydraulic pressure to the expandable tube <NUM>. Accordingly, the support tube <NUM> improves the structural integrity of the expandable tube <NUM>, which facilitates placement of the work mesh <NUM> around the expandable tube <NUM> without compromising its flexibility, which is necessary for its expansion function.

The examples provided in connection with <FIG>, <FIG> are designed to yield a tubular wick by utilizing the expandable tube <NUM> and the support tube <NUM>. This, however, is not limiting. Other wick designs are contemplated by the present disclosure such as, for example, wicks with a cross-section in the form of pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon, Octagon. or any suitable polygon. In such embodiments, geometrically suitable expandable enclosures and support enclosures can be utilized.

As shown in <FIG>, the length of the sheet of wick mesh <NUM> is configured to be cut shorter than the length of the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM> such that an uncaptured zone <NUM> is defined between an end of the sheet of wick mesh <NUM> and an end of the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM>. Other embodiments are envisioned where the wick mesh <NUM> is not cut short such that the length of the expandable tube <NUM>. the support tube <NUM>, and the wick mesh <NUM> are the same, or at least substantially the same.

Referring again to <FIG> and <FIG>, the forming assembly <NUM> can further can include a forming shell assembly <NUM>. The forming shell assembly <NUM> includes a top, or first, forming shell <NUM> and a bottom, or second, forming shell <NUM>. Each of the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> can be fabricated out of any suitable solid material, such as stainless steel, as an example. In one embodiment, the forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> can be fabricated out of the same material as the wick mesh <NUM> material. Each of the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> include a cavity, or recess, <NUM>, <NUM> defined therein that extends along the length thereof. The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of the forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to be complementary such that, when the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> are brought into abutting contact, the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> cooperate to define a receiving area <NUM>, seen in <FIG>, that is configured to receive the wick forming assembly <NUM> and the sheet(s) of wick mesh <NUM>. The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> are sized such that, when brought into abutting contact to define the receiving area <NUM>, a gap g is defined between the wick mesh <NUM> and each of the recesses <NUM>, <NUM>.

The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to provide a solid surface and a boundary of maximum deformation to the sheet(s) of wick mesh <NUM>. The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to act on the sheet(s) of wick mesh <NUM> rolled about the expandable tube <NUM> as the expandable tube <NUM> hydraulically expands to the expanded configuration. The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to define an outer diameter and final shape of the wick. In one embodiment. the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> comprise half-circle cross-sectional shapes, shown in <FIG>, as an example, with a radius of curvature such that, when the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> are brought into abutting contact, the half-circle shaped recesses <NUM>, <NUM> form a circular shape throughout the length of the forming shell assembly <NUM>. Other embodiments are envisioned where the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of each forming shell <NUM>, <NUM> comprise other complementary shapes, such that, when the first and second forming shells are brought into abutting contact. the recess <NUM>, <NUM> cooperate to form other shapes, such as an oval, a square, or any other symmetrical shape that is desired of the wick. Other examples are envisioned where the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of each forming shell <NUM>, <NUM> are dissimilar relative to the other such that when the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> are brought into abutting contact, non-symmetrically shaped wicks can be formed. The recesses <NUM>, <NUM> can be shaped such that any desired wick shape is possible.

Referring again to <FIG>, the forming shell assembly <NUM> can further include a first end flange <NUM> and a second end flange <NUM>. The first end flange <NUM> and the second end flange <NUM> are configured to be fastened to the ends of the first forming shell <NUM> and second forming shell <NUM> by a plurality of fasteners <NUM>. In one embodiment, the fasteners <NUM> can comprise bolts configured to be threadably received in threaded apertures defined in the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM>. While fasteners <NUM> are shown and described, other suitable methods are envisioned for coupling the end flanges <NUM>, <NUM> to the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM>. such as with a latch mechanism. an adhesive, or clamps. as examples.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the first end flange <NUM> includes a wick assembly receiving area <NUM>, a groove <NUM> extending about the wick assembly receiving area <NUM>, and a hydraulic opening <NUM>. As discussed above, the length of the sheet of wick mesh <NUM> is configured to be cut shorter than the length of the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM> such that an uncaptured zone <NUM> is defined between an end of the sheet of wick mesh <NUM> and an end of the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>. a portion of the uncaptured zone <NUM> is configured to be received by the wick assembly receiving area <NUM> of the first end flange <NUM>. In addition, an o-ring <NUM> is configured to be positioned in the groove <NUM> such that the o-ring <NUM> is positioned about the portion of the uncaptured zone <NUM>. The combination of the uncaptured zone <NUM> and the o-ring <NUM> within the wick assembly receiving area <NUM> creates a seal within the forming shell assembly <NUM>. The second end flange <NUM>, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, is substantially similar to the first end flange <NUM>, with the exception being that the second end flange <NUM> does not include a hydraulic opening <NUM>. Other embodiments are envisioned wherein both the first and second end flange <NUM>, <NUM> include a hydraulic opening <NUM>.

The hydraulic opening <NUM> of the first end flange <NUM> is configured to interact with a source of hydraulic pressure, such as a water source, an air source, or any other suitable source of hydraulic pressure. The source of hydraulic pressure is configured to apply pressure to the expandable tube <NUM> by way of the hydraulic opening <NUM> and the pores defined in the support tube <NUM>, causing the expandable tube <NUM> to transition towards the expanded configuration.

As mentioned above, a portion of the uncaptured zone <NUM> of the wick forming assembly <NUM> is configured to be insert through the wick assembly receiving areas <NUM> and o-rings <NUM> of the first and second end flanges <NUM>, <NUM>, creating a seal. The seal allows internal pressurization of the expandable tube <NUM> via the source of hydraulic pressure. The seals also prevent fluid from escaping or leaking from the forming shell assembly <NUM>, as well as prevents the hydraulic fluid from coming into contact with the wick mesh <NUM> about the expandable tube <NUM>. In addition, as discussed above, the length of the sheet of wick mesh <NUM> is configured to be cut shorter than the length of the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM>, preventing the wick mesh <NUM> from expanding into the non-uniform surfaces of the first and second end flanges <NUM>, <NUM>, such as the wick assembly receiving areas <NUM> or the grooves <NUM>.

Referring again to <FIG> and <FIG>, the forming assembly <NUM> can comprise a clamp plate assembly <NUM>. The clamp plate assembly <NUM> can include a first clamp plate <NUM> and a second clamp plate <NUM>. The first clamp plate <NUM> is configured to abut the first forming shell <NUM>, the first end flange <NUM>, and the second end flange <NUM>. The second clamp plate <NUM> is configured to abut the second forming shell <NUM>, the first end flange <NUM>, and the second end flange <NUM>. Other embodiments are envisioned where the clamp plates <NUM>, <NUM> only contact the forming shells <NUM>. <NUM> and not contact the end flanges <NUM>, <NUM>. A plurality of fasteners <NUM> can be configured to fasten the first clamp plate <NUM> to the second clamp plate <NUM>. The clamp plate assembly <NUM> can be modified in dimension to accommodate any number of forming shell assemblies.

The clamp plate assembly <NUM> is configured to apply a preloaded pressure to the forming shell assembly <NUM> such that, when the source of pressure hydraulically expands the expandable tube <NUM> and the wick mesh <NUM> into abutting contact with the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of the forming shells <NUM>, <NUM>, the forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> remain compressed with no separation therebetween. In one embodiment, the plurality of fasteners <NUM> can comprises bolts, nuts, and washers, as shown in <FIG>. Other means for preventing the first forming shell <NUM> and the second forming shell <NUM> from separating are contemplated by the present disclosure in lieu of the clamp plate assembly <NUM>, such as a latch assembly, a plurality of clamps, or any other suitable means for preventing the first forming shell and the second forming shell from separating during pressurization of the expandable tube <NUM>.

The clamp plate assembly <NUM> is configured to provide additional structural rigidity to the forming shell assembly <NUM> to minimize deformation throughout pressurization of the expandable tube <NUM>. The plurality of fasteners <NUM> along the length of the clamp plate assembly <NUM> can be configured to center the forming shell assembly <NUM> within the clamp plate assembly <NUM>. In one embodiment, the clamp plate assembly <NUM> could include a groove which acts as a centering mechanism for the forming shell assembly <NUM>. The first and second clamp plate <NUM>, <NUM> thickness and overall dimensions can be modified such as to permit higher internal forming pressures experienced by the expandable tube <NUM>.

In operation, a sheet, or a plurality of layered sheets, of wick mesh <NUM> is configured to be tightly rolled or wrapped about the wick forming assembly <NUM>, which can be comprised of the expandable tube <NUM> and the support tube <NUM>. The wick mesh layer <NUM> is cut intentionally short such that uncaptured zones <NUM> are defined on both ends of the wick forming assembly <NUM>. The wick forming assembly <NUM> and the rolled wick mesh <NUM> are then placed within the receiving area <NUM> of the forming shell assembly <NUM>. Stated another way, the wick forming assembly <NUM> and the rolled wick mesh <NUM> is are placed in the first forming shell recess <NUM> of the first forming shell <NUM>, then the second forming shell <NUM> is placed on top of the first forming shell <NUM> such that the wick forming assembly <NUM> and the rolled wick mesh <NUM> are captured by the second forming shell recess <NUM>. The wick forming assembly <NUM> is axially positioned within the forming shell assembly <NUM> such that a portion of the uncaptured zones <NUM> extend out of each side of the shell forming assembly <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>.

Other embodiments are envisioned where the sheet, or the plurality of layered sheets, of wick mesh <NUM> are placed within the receiving area <NUM> of the forming shell assembly <NUM>, then the expandable tube <NUM> and support tube <NUM> are placed within the receiving area <NUM>, and then the wick mesh <NUM> is wrapped about the expandable tube and support tube <NUM>. Other embodiments are also envisioned where the wick mesh <NUM> is not cut intentionally short to define the uncaptured zones <NUM> such that, after the wick is formed by way of the process described below, the non-uniform ends of the wick are removed from the uniform regions of the wick.

An o-ring <NUM> is then be placed within the groove <NUM> of each of the first end flange <NUM> and the second end flange <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>, an example. The first end flange <NUM> and the second end flange <NUM> are then each configured to receive a uncaptured zone <NUM> of the wick forming assembly <NUM> in their respective wick assembly receiving areas <NUM>. The uncaptured zones <NUM> are inserted through the wick assembly receiving areas <NUM> and through the o-ring <NUM> of their respective end flange <NUM>, <NUM>, creating a seal within each end flange <NUM>, <NUM>, as described above. The first and second end flanges <NUM>, <NUM> are then coupled to ends of the forming shell assembly <NUM> with the fasteners <NUM>.

Next, the clamp plate assembly <NUM> can be positioned about the forming shell assembly <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>. The fasteners <NUM> are utilized to fasten the first clamp plate <NUM> to the second clamp plate <NUM>, providing a preloaded pressure to the forming shell assembly <NUM>.

After the clamp plate assembly <NUM> is positioned about the forming shell assembly <NUM>, a source of pressure, such as a hydraulic pressure source, can apply pressure to the inside of the expandable tube <NUM> by way of the hydraulic opening <NUM> in the first flange <NUM> and the pores defined in the support tube <NUM>. The expandable tube <NUM> hydraulically expands towards the expanded configuration and pushes the wick mesh <NUM> outward toward the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of the first and second forming shell <NUM>, <NUM>. As pushed outward, the wick mesh <NUM> unravels and becomes tightly wound until contact is made with the recesses <NUM>, <NUM>. Additional pressure can then be applied such that local plastic deformation occurs at contact regions of the wick mesh <NUM>, creating a mechanical interlocking between the wick mesh layers. After the maximum forming pressure is applied and the layers of wick mesh form a formed, annular wick (up to <NUM> ksi, as an example), the expandable tube <NUM> is depressurized. The final outside diameter of the wick is determined by the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> of the first and second forming shells <NUM>, <NUM>. The final thickness of the wick is determined by the thickness and initial, unrolled length of wick mesh.

As the expandable tube <NUM> is depressurized, the expandable tube <NUM> transitions towards the unexpanded configuration. As a result of the expandable tube <NUM> being fabricated from a material such as polyurethane, the expandable tube <NUM> separates away from the wick as it transitions towards the unexpanded configuration, allowing for manual removal of the expandable tube <NUM> from the wick without the need for chemical intervention, such as with chemical etching or chemically dissolving, as examples. The unique and novel forming assembly <NUM> is unlike other forming methods, which use drawn copper and chemical etching, such as is described in <CIT>. As discussed above in regard to the other forming methods, the copper becomes mechanically deformed into the mesh material such that manual removal is not possible without chemically removing the copper and damaging the rolled wick mesh.

The forming assembly <NUM> is designed with features that allow for easy and convenient assembly/disassembly. To disassemble the forming assembly after the wick has been formed and the forming assembly <NUM> had been depressurized, the fasteners <NUM> of the clamp plate assembly <NUM> are loosed or removed, allowing the forming shell assembly <NUM> to be pushed out from between the clamp plates <NUM>, <NUM>. The first and second end flanges <NUM>, <NUM> are then removed by removing the associated fasteners <NUM>. The o-ring <NUM> design allows for the flanges <NUM>, <NUM> to slip off of the uncaptured zone <NUM> of the expandable tube <NUM> end and the support tube <NUM> end. As discussed above, the wick mesh <NUM> remains deformed after the forming process, allowing for the expandable tube <NUM> to transition towards the unexpanded configuration and separate away from the wick. With a space between the expandable tube <NUM> and wick, the expandable tube <NUM> and the support tube <NUM> can be easily removed. The top and bottom forming shells <NUM>, <NUM> can then be separated and the wick can be removed.

The forming assembly and associated steps described above produce a wick which, after diffusion bonded, has been tested and proven to contain the proper dimensions (outside diameter, thickness), tolerances (approximately ±<NUM> (±<NUM> inch) diameter), pore size and strength required to be utilized in a heat pipe. The forming assembly and associated steps has also been proven to be highly repeatable through multiple trials.

In one embodiment, the forming assembly <NUM> can be configured to produce one foot long wick at a specified diameter and thickness (based on predefined dimensions of the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> and the selected number of layers of wick). In another embodiment, the forming assembly <NUM> can be configured to produce wicks up to approximately five feet in length with the same wick diameter and thickness dimensions. The forming assembly <NUM> design may be used to produce a continuous assembly to produce different lengths (as detailed herein) or be slightly modified to be assembled in sections. The length, diameter, and thickness of any formed wick is possible utilizing the above-described forming assembly and by modifying the dimensions of the recesses <NUM>, <NUM>, the length of the forming shell assembly <NUM>, and the number of layers of wick mesh <NUM>.

Since the final wick outside diameter is determined by the forming shell recesses, the dimension and shape of the recesses can be modified to produce a formed wick of varying dimensions and shapes, as discussed above.

Referring now to <FIG>, a method <NUM> of forming a wick by the forming shell assembly <NUM> including an inflatable, or hydraulically expandable, tube is illustrated, in accordance with at least one aspect of the present disclosure. The method <NUM> includes positioning <NUM> a wick mesh about the inflatable tube, positioning <NUM> the inflatable tube and the wick mesh within a receiving area of the forming shell assembly, coupling <NUM> a first flange to a first side of the forming shell assembly, coupling <NUM> a second flange to a second side of the forming shell assembly, clamping <NUM> the forming shell assembly with a clamp plate assembly, and applying pressure <NUM>, via a source of pressure, to the inflatable tube through the hydraulic opening to transition the expandable tube toward an inflated configuration to press the wick mesh against an inner surface of the forming shell assembly. The method <NUM> can optionally include transitioning the inflatable tube towards a deflated configuration and removing the wick from the inflatable tube. The method <NUM> can optionally include removing the wick from the inflatable tube comprises removing the wick from the inflatable tube absent chemical intervention. The method <NUM> includes positioning the inflatable tube about a porous support tube. The method can optionally include positioning a first o-ring, a first portion of the porous support tube, and a first portion of the expandable tube uncaptured by the wick mesh in a first receiving area defined in the first flange and positioning a second o-ring, a second portion of the porous support tube, and a second portion of the expandable tube uncaptured by the wick mesh in a second receiving area defined in the second flange.

Various aspects of the subject matter described herein are set out in the following examples.

Example <NUM> - A forming assembly configured to form a wick, the forming assembly comprising an expandable tube and a forming shell assembly. The expandable tube is hydraulically expandable to an expanded configuration. A wick mesh is configured to be wrapped about the expandable tube. The forming shell assembly comprises a first forming shell comprising a first recess defined therein and a second forming shell comprising a second recess defined therein. The first recess and the second recess cooperate to define an outer diameter of the formed wick. The expandable tube and the wick mesh are positionable between the first recess and the second recess. The expandable tube and the forming shell assembly are configured to deform the wick mesh and form the wick based on the expandable tube hydraulically expanding towards the expanded configuration.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Example <NUM>, wherein the wick is configured to separate from expandable tube based on the expandable tube transitioning toward an unexpanded configuration.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Example <NUM>, wherein the wick is configured to separate from expandable tube absent chemical intervention.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, wherein the expandable tube comprises polyurethane.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, further comprising a clamp plate assembly configured to clamp the first forming shell to the second forming shell. The clamp plate assembly comprises a first clamp plate configured to abut the first forming shell, a second clamp plate configured to abut the second forming shell, and a fastener configured to fasten the first clamp plate to the second clamp plate.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, further comprising a support tube positionable within the expandable tube. The support tube comprises pores defined therein. The pores are configured to fluidically couple a source of pressure to the expandable tube.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, further comprising an end flange configured to couple the first forming shell to the second forming shell. The end flange comprises a hydraulic opening defined therein. The expandable tube is configurable to hydraulically expand towards the expanded configuration based on pressure applied through the hydraulic opening by a source of pressure.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Example <NUM>, wherein the end flange comprises a receiving area configured to receive an o-ring and a portion of the expandable tube uncaptured by the wick mesh therein.

Example <NUM> - A method of forming a wick by a forming shell assembly including an inflatable tube, the method comprising positioning a wick mesh about the inflatable tube, positioning the inflatable tube and the wick mesh within a receiving area of the forming shell assembly, coupling a first end flange to a first side of the forming shell assembly, and coupling a second end flange to a second side of the forming shell assembly. The first end flange comprises a hydraulic opening defined therein. The hydraulic opening is in fluid communication with the expandable tube. The method further comprises clamping the forming shell assembly with a clamp plate assembly and applying pressure, via a source of pressure, to the inflatable tube through the hydraulic opening to transition the expandable tube toward an inflated configuration to press the wick mesh against an inner surface of the forming shell assembly.

Example <NUM> - The method of Example <NUM>, wherein applying pressure to the inflatable tube comprises applying pressure to the inflatable tube such that the inflatable tube plastically deforms the wick mesh and forms the wick.

Example <NUM> - The method of Example <NUM>. further comprising transitioning the inflatable tube towards a deflated configuration and removing the wick from the inflatable tube.

Example <NUM> - The method of Example <NUM>, wherein removing the wick from the inflatable tube comprises removing the wick from the inflatable tube absent chemical intervention.

Example <NUM> - The method of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, further comprising positioning the inflatable tube about a porous support tube. Pores defined in the porous support tube are configured to fluidically couple the source of pressure to the inflatable tube.

Example <NUM> - The method of Example <NUM>, further comprising positioning a first o-ring, a first portion of the porous support tube, and a first portion of the expandable tube uncaptured by the wick mesh in a first receiving area defined in the first end flange and positioning a second o-ring, a second portion of the porous support tube, and a second portion of the expandable tube uncaptured by the wick mesh in a second receiving area defined in the second end flange.

Example <NUM> - A forming assembly configured to form a wick, the forming assembly comprising a wick assembly comprising a porous support tube comprising pores defined therein and an inflatable tube configurable between a delated configuration and an inflated configuration. The inflatable tube is positioned about the porous support tube. A wick mesh is configured to be wrapped about the inflatable tube. The forming assembly further comprises a forming shell assembly comprises a first forming shell comprising a first recess defined therein and a second forming shell comprising a second recess defined therein. The wick assembly is positionable between the first recess and the second recess. The forming shell assembly further comprises a first end flange and a second end flange. The first end flange is couplable to the first forming shell and the second forming shell. The first end flange comprises a first receiving area configured to receive a first o-ring, a first portion of the porous support tube. and a first portion of the inflatable tube therein and a hydraulic opening configured to fluidically couple a source of pressure to the inflatable tube. The second end flange is couplable to the first forming shell and the second forming shell. The second end flange comprises a second receiving area configured to receive a second o-ring, a second portion of the porous support tube. and a second portion of the inflatable tube therein.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Example <NUM>, further comprising means for preventing the first forming shell and the second forming shell from separating as the inflatable tube is inflated toward the inflated configuration.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Examples <NUM> or <NUM>, wherein the inflatable tube comprises polyurethane.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, wherein the first recess and the second recess are configured to define an outer diameter of the wick.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of any one of Examples <NUM>-<NUM>, wherein the inflatable tube is configured to deform the wick mesh and form the wick based on the inflatable tube transitioning towards the inflated configuration.

Example <NUM> - The forming assembly of Example <NUM>, wherein the wick is configured to separate from inflatable tube absent chemical intervention.

Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the foregoing disclosure, it is appreciated that, throughout the foregoing disclosure, discussions using terms such as "processing," "computing," "calculating," "determining," "displaying. " or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.

One or more components may be referred to herein as "configured to," "configurable to," "operable/operative to," "adapted/adaptable. " "able to," "conformable/conformed to," etc. Those skilled in the art will recognize that "configured to" can generally encompass active-state components and/or inactive-state components and/or standby-state components. unless context requires otherwise.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least. " the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to claims containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations.

In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A. B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that typically a disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms unless context dictates otherwise. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be typically understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B.

With respect to the appended claims, those skilled in the art will appreciate that recited operations therein may generally be performed in any order. Also, although various operational flow diagrams are presented in a sequence(s), it should be understood that the various operations may be performed in other orders than those which are illustrated, or may be performed concurrently. Examples of such alternate orderings may include overlapping, interleaved. interrupted. reordered, incremental, preparatory. supplemental, simultaneous, reverse, or other variant orderings, unless context dictates otherwise. Furthermore, terms like "responsive to," "related to," or other past-tense adjectives are generally not intended to exclude such variants, unless context dictates otherwise.

It is worthy to note that any reference to "one aspect. " "an aspect. " "an exemplification," "one exemplification," and the like means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the aspect is included in at least one aspect. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one aspect. " "in an aspect," "in an exemplification," and "in one exemplification" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same aspect. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more aspects.

The terms "comprise" (and any form of comprise, such as "comprises" and "comprising"), "have" (and any form of have, such as "has" and "having"), "include" (and any form of include, such as "includes" and "including") and "contain" (and any form of contain, such as "contains" and "containing") are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a system that "comprises," "has," "includes" or "contains" one or more elements possesses those one or more elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more elements. Likewise, an element of a system, device, or apparatus that "comprises," "has," "includes" or "contains" one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more features.

The term "substantially", "about", or "approximately" as used in the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, means an acceptable error for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which depends in part on how the value is measured or determined. In certain embodiments, the term "substantially", "about", or "approximately" means within <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM> standard deviations. In certain embodiments, the term "substantially", "about", or "approximately" means within <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, <NUM>%, or <NUM>% of a given value or range.

Claim 1:
A forming assembly configured to form a wick, the forming assembly (<NUM>) comprising:
an expandable tube (<NUM>) hydraulically expandable to an expanded configuration, wherein a wick mesh (<NUM>) can be wrapped about the expandable tube (<NUM>); and
a forming shell assembly (<NUM>), comprising:
a first forming shell (<NUM>) comprising a first recess (<NUM>) defined therein; and
a second forming shell (<NUM>) comprising a second recess (<NUM>) defined therein, wherein the first recess (<NUM>) and the second recess (<NUM>) cooperate to define an outer diameter of the wick, and wherein the expandable tube (<NUM>) and the wick mesh (<NUM>) are positionable between the first recess (<NUM>) and the second recess (<NUM>);
wherein the expandable tube (<NUM>) and the forming shell assembly (<NUM>) are configured to deform the wick mesh (<NUM>) and to form the wick based on the expandable tube (<NUM>) hydraulically expanding towards the expanded configuration; and
a support tube (<NUM>) positionable within the expandable tube (<NUM>), wherein the support tube (<NUM>) comprises pores defined therein, wherein the pores are configured to fluidically couple a source of pressure to the expandable tube (<NUM>).