Patent Description:
Sole structures generally include a layered arrangement extending between a ground surface and the upper. One layer of the sole structure includes an outsole that provides abrasion-resistance and traction with the ground surface. The outsole may be formed from rubber or other materials that impart durability and wear-resistance, as well as enhance traction with the ground surface. Another layer of the sole structure includes a midsole disposed between the outsole and the upper. The midsole provides cushioning for the foot and may be partially formed from a polymer foam material that compresses resiliently under an applied load to cushion the foot by attenuating ground-reaction forces. The midsole may additionally or alternatively incorporate a fluid-filled bladder to provide cushioning to the foot by compressing resiliently under an applied load to attenuate ground-reaction forces. Sole structures may also include a comfort-enhancing insole or sockliner located within a void proximate to the bottom portion of the upper and a strobel attached to the upper and disposed between the midsole and the insole or sockliner.

Midsoles employing fluid-filled bladders typically include a recess sized and shaped to receive a similarly sized and shaped fluid-filled bladder. The fluid-filled bladders are often constructed to both flex and provide support when compressed resiliently under applied loads, such as during athletic movements. In this regard, fluid-filled bladders are often designed to balance support for the foot with cushioning characteristics that provide responsiveness as the bladder resiliently compresses under an applied load.

<CIT> describes a sole structure for an article of footwear having an upper includes a heel region, a forefoot region, and a mid-foot region disposed between the heel region and the forefoot region. The sole structure also includes a bladder including a first barrier layer cooperating with a second barrier layer to define a first chamber bounding a periphery of the heel region, and a second chamber extending from the mid-foot region through the forefoot region and including a plurality of segments extending from a medial side of the sole structure to a lateral side of the sole structure. Each of the segments of the second chamber includes a medial reservoir adjacent to the medial side and a lateral reservoir adjacent to the lateral side, the medial reservoir fluidly coupled to the lateral reservoir via a first conduit.

The claimed invention is defined by the features in independent claims. Particular embodiments are defined in dependent claims.

The claimed invention is defined by the sole structure of claim <NUM> and the sole structure of claim <NUM>.

In one configuration, a sole structure for an article of footwear includes a midsole having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, the bottom surface including a first recess. A first bladder is disposed within the first recess and a first outsole member is coupled to the midsole and includes a ground-engaging surface having a first traction element and a second traction element. The first traction element is aligned with the first bladder and defines a first height relative to the ground-engaging surface, the second traction element is aligned with the first bladder and defines a second height relative to the ground-engaging surface, the second height being greater than the first height.

The first outsole member includes at least one protrusion which may engage the first bladder and where at least a portion of the at least one protrusion is disposed within the first recess. Further, the at least one protrusion may include a first protrusion that is aligned with the second traction element.

In one configuration, (i) the first outsole member may include an upper surface facing the first bladder, (ii) the first recess may define a first depth extending in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface, and (iii) the first bladder may define a third height extending in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface, the third height being less than or equal to the first depth.

The first outsole member may include an upper surface facing the first bladder, whereby the upper surface is spaced apart from the first bladder. The upper surface may extend across the first recess. Further, (i) the second traction element may include a second size and shape and (ii) the ground-engaging surface may include a third traction element having a third size and shape, the second size and shape being the same as the third size and shape.

In one configuration, the bottom surface may include a second recess having a second bladder disposed therein. A second outsole member may be coupled to the midsole and may include at least one protrusion engaging the second bladder. The first recess and the second recess may be disposed along a line extending parallel to a lateral axis of the sole structure.

In another configuration, a sole structure for an article of footwear includes a midsole having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, the bottom surface including a first recess. A first bladder is disposed within the first recess and a first outsole member is coupled to the midsole and includes a ground-engaging surface having a plurality of first traction elements and a plurality of second traction elements. The plurality of first traction elements each include a first distal end offset from the ground-engaging surface and disposed in a first plane. The plurality of second traction elements each include a second distal end offset from the ground-engaging surface and disposed in a second plane with the first plane being offset from the second plane.

The first outsole member includes at least one protrusion which may engage the first bladder. At least a portion of the at least one protrusion is disposed within the first recess.

In one configuration, (i) the first outsole member may include an upper surface facing the first bladder, (ii) the first recess may define a first depth extending in a direction perpendicular to the first upper surface, and (iii) the first bladder may define a first height extending in a direction perpendicular to the first upper surface, the first height being less than or equal to the first depth. The first upper surface may extend across the first recess.

In one configuration, the first outsole member may include a ground-engaging surface having a first traction element aligned with the first recess. Further, (i) the first traction element may include a first size and shape and (ii) the first outsole member may include a first protrusion engaging the first bladder and having a second size and shape, the first size and shape being the same as the second size and shape. The first traction element may be aligned with the first protrusion.

The bottom surface may include a second recess and a second bladder disposed within the second recess. A second outsole member having a second upper surface may be coupled to the midsole, the second upper surface facing, and spaced apart from, the second bladder. The first recess and the second recess may be disposed along a line extending parallel to a lateral axis of the sole structure.

Referring to <FIG>, an article of footwear <NUM> includes an upper <NUM> and a sole structure <NUM>. The article of footwear <NUM> may be divided into one or more regions. The regions may include a forefoot region <NUM>, a mid-foot region <NUM>, and a heel region <NUM>. The forefoot region <NUM> may be subdivided into a toe portion <NUM>T corresponding with phalanges, and a ball portion <NUM>B associated with metatarsal bones of a foot. The mid-foot region <NUM> may correspond with an arch area of the foot, and the heel region <NUM> may correspond with rear portions of the foot, including a calcaneus bone.

The footwear <NUM> may further include an anterior end <NUM> associated with a forward-most point of the forefoot region <NUM>, and a posterior end <NUM> corresponding to a rearward-most point of the heel region <NUM>. A longitudinal axis AF1 of the footwear <NUM> extends along a length of the footwear <NUM> from the anterior end <NUM> to the posterior end <NUM>, parallel to a ground surface. The longitudinal axis AF1 may be centrally located along the length of the footwear <NUM>, such that the longitudinal axis AF1 generally divides the footwear <NUM> into a medial side <NUM> and a lateral side <NUM>. Accordingly, the medial side <NUM> and the lateral side <NUM> respectively correspond with opposite sides of the footwear <NUM> and extend through the regions <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>. As illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, a lateral axis AF2 of the footwear <NUM> extends along a width of the footwear <NUM> from the medial side <NUM> to the lateral side <NUM>, parallel to a ground surface, such that the lateral axis AF2 is disposed orthogonal to the longitudinal axis AF1. As used herein, a longitudinal direction refers to the direction extending from the anterior end <NUM> to the posterior end <NUM>, while a lateral direction refers to the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction and extending from the medial side <NUM> to the lateral side <NUM>.

The article of footwear <NUM>, and more particularly, the sole structure <NUM>, may be further described as including a peripheral region <NUM> and an interior region <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>. The peripheral region <NUM> is generally described as being a region between the interior region <NUM> and an outer perimeter of the sole structure <NUM>. Particularly, the peripheral region <NUM> extends from the forefoot region <NUM> to the heel region <NUM> along each of the medial side <NUM> and the lateral side <NUM>, and wraps around each of the forefoot region <NUM> and the heel region <NUM>. The interior region <NUM> is circumscribed by the peripheral region <NUM>, and extends from the forefoot region <NUM> to the heel region <NUM> along a central portion of the sole structure <NUM>. Accordingly, each of the forefoot region <NUM>, the mid-foot region <NUM>, and the heel region <NUM> may be described as including the peripheral region <NUM> and the interior region <NUM>.

The upper <NUM> includes interior surfaces <NUM> that define an interior void <NUM> configured to receive and secure a foot for support on the sole structure <NUM>. The upper <NUM> may be formed from one or more materials that are stitched or adhesively bonded together to form the interior void <NUM>. Suitable materials of the upper <NUM> may include, but are not limited to, mesh, textiles, foam, leather, and synthetic leather. The materials may be selected and located to impart properties of durability, air-permeability, wear-resistance, flexibility, and comfort.

With reference to <FIG>, in some examples, the upper <NUM> includes a strobel <NUM> having a bottom surface opposing the sole structure <NUM> and an opposing top surface defining a footbed <NUM> of the interior void <NUM>. Stitching or adhesives may secure the strobel to the upper <NUM>. The footbed <NUM> may be contoured to conform to a profile of the bottom surface (e.g., plantar) of the foot. Optionally, the upper <NUM> may also incorporate additional layers such as an insole <NUM> or sockliner that may be disposed upon the strobel <NUM>. The insole or sockliner <NUM> may reside within the interior void <NUM> of the upper <NUM> and be positioned to receive a plantar surface of the foot to enhance the comfort of the article of footwear <NUM>. Referring again to <FIG>, an ankle opening <NUM> in the heel region <NUM> may provide access to the interior void <NUM>. For example, the ankle opening <NUM> may receive a foot to secure the foot within the void <NUM> and to facilitate entry and removal of the foot from and to the interior void <NUM>.

In some examples, one or more fasteners <NUM> extend along the upper <NUM> to adjust a fit of the interior void <NUM> around the foot and to accommodate entry and removal of the foot therefrom. The upper <NUM> may include apertures, such as eyelets and/or other engagement features such as fabric or mesh loops that receive the fasteners <NUM>. The fasteners <NUM> may include laces, straps, cords, hook-and-loop, or any other suitable type of fastener. The upper <NUM> may include a tongue portion <NUM> that extends between the interior void <NUM> and the fasteners <NUM>.

With reference to <FIG>, the sole structure <NUM> includes a midsole <NUM> configured to provide cushioning characteristics to the sole structure <NUM>, and one or more outsole members <NUM> configured to provide a ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the article of footwear <NUM>. As illustrated in <FIG>, the midsole <NUM> may include a plurality of subcomponents for providing zonal cushioning and performance characteristics. For example, the midsole <NUM> may include a primary member <NUM> and one or more secondary members or inserts <NUM>. While the secondary members <NUM> are generally shown and described herein as being fluid-filled bladders <NUM>, the secondary members <NUM> may have other configurations (e.g., a foam construct) within the scope of the present disclosure. Similarly, while the midsole <NUM> is generally shown and described herein as including two bladders <NUM>, the midsole <NUM> may include more or less than two bladders <NUM> within the scope of the present disclosure.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the primary member <NUM> extends from a first end <NUM>, which may be disposed at the anterior end <NUM> of the footwear <NUM>, to a second end <NUM>, which may be disposed at the posterior end <NUM> of the footwear. Accordingly, the primary member <NUM> may extend along an entire length of the footwear <NUM>. With reference to <FIG>, the primary member <NUM> may further include a top surface <NUM> and a bottom surface <NUM> formed on an opposite side of the primary member <NUM> than the top surface <NUM>. The top surface <NUM> of the primary member <NUM> is configured to oppose the strobel <NUM> of the upper <NUM>, and may be contoured to define a profile of the footbed <NUM> corresponding to a shape of the foot. As shown in <FIG>, a distance between the top surface <NUM> and the bottom surface <NUM> defines a thickness TFE of the primary member <NUM>, which may vary along the length or width of the sole structure <NUM> (e.g., along the axes AF1, AF2).

The primary member <NUM> further includes a peripheral side surface <NUM> extending between the top surface <NUM> and the bottom surface <NUM>. The peripheral side surface <NUM> generally defines an outer periphery of the sole structure <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, the primary member <NUM> may include one or more recesses <NUM> and one or more channels <NUM>. For example, the recesses <NUM> and channels <NUM> may be formed in the bottom surface <NUM>. The recesses <NUM> may be sized and shaped to receive each bladder <NUM>. In this regard, as illustrated, in some implementations, a first recess <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> is formed in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM> on the medial side <NUM>, and a second recess <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> is formed in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM> on the lateral side <NUM>. The first and second recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may be aligned along, or in a direction substantially parallel to (+/- five degrees) the lateral axis AF2.

The first and second recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may be defined by first and second peripheral surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> and first and second intermediate surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, respectively. The peripheral surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may extend from the bottom surface <NUM> of the primary member <NUM> towards the top surface <NUM>. In particular, the peripheral surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may extend partially from the bottom surface <NUM> toward the top surface <NUM> and terminate at the intermediate surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, respectively, disposed between the bottom surface <NUM> and the top surface <NUM>. Thus, as illustrated in <FIG>, a depth DR1, DR2 of the recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, measured from the bottom surface <NUM> to the intermediate surfaces <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, respectively, extends only partially through the thickness TFE of the primary member <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, in some implementations, a first channel <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> extends from the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM> to the heel region <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM>, and a second channel <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> extends from the medial side <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM> to the lateral side of the sole structure <NUM>. For example, the first channel <NUM>-<NUM> may be aligned with, or extend in a direction substantially parallel to (+/- five degrees), the longitudinal axis AF1, and the second channel <NUM>-<NUM> may be aligned with, or extend in a direction substantially parallel to (+/five degrees), the lateral axis AF2. In this regard, the longitudinal axis AF1 be disposed between the first recess <NUM>-<NUM> and the second recess <NUM>-<NUM>, and the second channel <NUM>-<NUM> may be disposed between the anterior end <NUM> of the footwear <NUM> and the first and second recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>. As will be explained in more detail below, the configuration of the first and second channels <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may provide increased flexibility and responsiveness relative to the longitudinal and lateral axes AF1, AF2 as the midsole <NUM> resiliently compresses under an applied load during use.

The bladders <NUM> may be constructed in a similar manner to each other. For example, each bladder <NUM> may include a first barrier layer <NUM> and a second barrier layer <NUM> opposing the first barrier layer <NUM>, which can be joined to each other at discrete locations to define a chamber <NUM> and a peripheral seam <NUM>.

In some implementations, the first barrier layer <NUM> and the second barrier layer <NUM> cooperate to define a geometry (e.g., thicknesses, width, and lengths) of the chamber <NUM>. The peripheral seam <NUM> may bound the periphery of the chamber <NUM> to seal the fluid (e.g., air) within the chamber <NUM>. Thus, the chamber <NUM> is associated with an area of the bladder <NUM> where interior surfaces of the first barrier layer <NUM> and the second barrier layer <NUM> are not joined together and, thus, are separated from one another. In the illustrated example, an outer peripheral profile of the chamber <NUM> has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to a hexagon, as best shown in <FIG>. The outer peripheral profile of the chamber <NUM> may define various other shapes (e.g., round, oval, rounded square, etc.) within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the illustrated example, the first and second barrier layers <NUM>, <NUM> are substantially planar. In other implementations, one or both of the first or second barrier layer <NUM>, <NUM> is cup-shaped (e.g., concave or convex). As shown in <FIG>, the second barrier layer <NUM> opposes the first barrier layer <NUM> to define a thickness TC of the chamber <NUM> extending between opposed outer surfaces <NUM>, <NUM> of the first and second barrier layers <NUM>, <NUM>, respectively. The thickness TC may extend in a direction orthogonal to the outer surfaces <NUM>, <NUM>. In some implementations, the thickness TC is equal to the depths DR1, DR2 of the respective recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>. In other implementations, the thickness TC may be less or greater than the depths DR1, DR2 of the respective recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>.

As shown in the figures, a space formed between opposing interior surfaces of the first barrier layer <NUM> and the second barrier layer <NUM> defines an interior void <NUM> of the chamber <NUM>. The interior void <NUM> of the chamber <NUM> may receive a tensile element <NUM> therein. Each tensile element <NUM> may include a series of tensile strands <NUM> extending between a first tensile sheet <NUM> and a second tensile sheet <NUM>. The first tensile sheet <NUM> may be attached to the first barrier layer <NUM> while the second tensile sheet <NUM> may be attached to the second barrier layer <NUM>. In this manner, when the chamber <NUM> receives the pressurized fluid, the tensile strands <NUM> of the tensile element <NUM> are placed in tension. Because the first tensile sheet <NUM> is attached to the first barrier layer <NUM> and the second tensile sheet <NUM> is attached to the second barrier layer <NUM>, the tensile strands <NUM> retain a desired shape of the bladder <NUM> when the pressurized fluid is injected into the interior void <NUM>. For example, in the illustrated implementations (<FIG>), the tensile element <NUM> maintains substantially planar first and second barrier layers <NUM>, <NUM>. Furthermore, by maintaining substantially planar first and second barrier layers <NUM>, <NUM>, the outer surfaces <NUM>, <NUM> of the bladder <NUM>, which are collectively defined by the barrier layers <NUM>, <NUM>, are also substantially planar.

Referring to <FIG>, in the illustrated example, the bladders <NUM> are arranged to provide cushioning in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure <NUM>. For example, as illustrated in <FIG>, the bladders <NUM> may be disposed within the first and second recesses <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>. In particular, a first bladder <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may be coupled to one or both of the first peripheral surface <NUM>-<NUM> or the first intermediate surface <NUM>, and a second bladder <NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may be coupled to one or both of the second peripheral surface <NUM>-<NUM> or the second intermediate surface <NUM>-<NUM>, using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding or melding, for example.

With reference to <FIG>, in some implementations, the one or more outsole members <NUM> include first, second, third, and fourth outsole members <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>. In other implementations, however, the sole structure <NUM> may include more or less than four outsole members <NUM>. Each outsole member <NUM> may include an upper surface <NUM> opposite the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. The upper surface <NUM> and the ground-engaging surface <NUM> may define a web <NUM> having a thickness TW extending therebetween and having a plurality of first traction elements <NUM> (e.g., first protrusions) and one or more second traction elements <NUM> (e.g., second protrusions). In some examples, the thickness Tw of the web <NUM> may be constant. In some implementations, the thickness TW may not be constant. For example, as illustrated in <FIG>, the thickness TW may be smaller in a central region (e.g., the portion that is aligned with the bladders <NUM>) and larger in a peripheral region (e.g., the portion that engages the midsole <NUM>).

The first traction elements <NUM> and the second traction elements <NUM> may each define various shapes and heights protruding from the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. For example, as illustrated in <FIG>, the first traction elements <NUM> may define a square or hexagonal shape and may protrude from the ground-engaging surface <NUM> by a first height H1, while the second traction elements <NUM> may define an oblong (e.g., stadium or ellipse) shape and may protrude from the ground-engaging surface <NUM> by a second height H2. In some examples, one or more of the first traction elements <NUM> includes a distal end <NUM> offset from the ground-engaging surface <NUM> and defining the first height H1, and one or more of the second traction elements <NUM> includes a distal end <NUM> offset from the ground-engaging surface <NUM> and defining the second height H2.

In some implementations, the second height H2 is greater than the first height H1 and is greater than the thickness TW of the web <NUM>. For example, the second height H2 may be <NUM>%-<NUM>% greater than the first height H1 and <NUM>%-<NUM>% greater than the thickness TW of the web <NUM>. In some implementations, the second height H2 may be approximately <NUM> millimeters greater than the first height H1 and approximately <NUM> millimeters greater than the thickness TW of the web <NUM>. Accordingly, during use, the second traction elements <NUM> may engage a surface of the ground prior to the first traction elements <NUM>, such that the surface of the ground applies a force on the second traction elements <NUM> prior to applying a force on the first traction elements <NUM>. The ratio of the second height H2 to the thickness TW of the web <NUM> can allow the web <NUM> to flex upon application of the force on the second traction elements <NUM> by the surface of the ground. In some examples, the distal ends <NUM> of the first traction elements <NUM> are disposed in a first plane P1, and the distal ends <NUM> of the second traction elements <NUM> are disposed in a second plane P2. The first plane P1 may be disposed between the second plane P2 and the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. In some implementations, the first plane P1 is substantially parallel (+/- <NUM> degrees) to the second plane P1 and/or the ground-engaging surface <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, in some implementations, the ground-engaging surface <NUM> includes eight (<NUM>) second traction elements <NUM>. In particular, the ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the first outsole member <NUM>-<NUM> may include four (<NUM>) second traction elements <NUM> arranged in a first pattern <NUM>, and the second outsole member <NUM>-<NUM> may include four (<NUM>) second traction elements <NUM> arranged in a second pattern <NUM>. As illustrated, in some implementations, the first and second patterns <NUM>, <NUM> each define an X-shape. As will be described in more detail below, in the assembled configuration, at least one of the second traction elements <NUM> may be aligned with the recess(es) <NUM>. For example, the first pattern <NUM> may be aligned with the first recess <NUM>-<NUM>, and the second pattern <NUM> may be aligned with the second recess <NUM>-<NUM>.

The outsole <NUM> and the subcomponents <NUM>, <NUM> of the midsole <NUM> may be assembled and secured to each other using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding and melding, for example. As described in greater detail below, the outsole <NUM> may be overmolded onto the subcomponents <NUM>, <NUM> of the midsole <NUM>, such that the midsole <NUM> defines a profile of the ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the footwear <NUM>. Alternatively, the outsole <NUM> may be bonded to the midsole <NUM> using an adhesive or other suitable attachment method.

As illustrated in <FIG>, in some implementations, during use, the relationship of the second height H2 of the second traction elements <NUM> to the first height H1 of the first traction elements <NUM> can allow the second traction elements <NUM> to engage a surface of the ground before the first traction elements <NUM> engage the ground, such that the surface of the ground applies a force on the second traction elements <NUM> prior to applying a force on the first traction elements <NUM>. In this regard, the force applied by the ground on the second traction elements <NUM> may be greater than the force applied by the ground on the first traction elements <NUM>. The relationship between the second height H2 to the thickness TW of the web <NUM> can allow the web <NUM> to efficiently flex upon application of the force on the second traction elements <NUM> by the ground, such that the force is efficiently transmitted through the second traction elements <NUM> onto the bladder <NUM>.

In so doing, the bladder <NUM> is essentially subjected to a form of a point load by the second traction elements <NUM>, thereby reducing the force required to load and deform the bladder <NUM>. The load required to load and deform the bladder <NUM> is reduced in comparison to a load that is evenly applied across an entire surface of the bladder <NUM>. As such, higher-pressure bladders <NUM> may be incorporated into sole structures intended for use with lighter-weight individuals such as children.

Referring now to <FIG> and <FIG>, a sole structure 200c for use with an article of footwear (e.g., article of footwear <NUM>) is provided. For example, the sole structure 200c may be used with, and attached to, the upper <NUM> of the article of footwear <NUM> in place of the sole structure <NUM>. In view of the substantial similarity in structure and function of the components associated with the sole structure 200c with respect to the sole structure <NUM>, like reference numerals are used hereinafter and in the drawings to identify like components while like reference numerals containing letter extensions (e.g., "c") are used to identify those components that have been modified.

With reference to <FIG>, in some implementations, the sole structure 202c includes one or more outsole members 204c-<NUM>, 204c-<NUM>. 204c-n coupled to a midsole 202c. For example, the outsole 204c and the midsole 202c may be assembled and secured to each other using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding and melding, for example. In particular, the outsole 204c may be overmolded onto the subcomponents 206c, 208c of the midsole 202c, such that the midsole 202c defines a profile of the ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the footwear <NUM>. Alternatively, the outsole 204c may be bonded to the midsole 202c using an adhesive or other suitable attachment method.

The upper surface 260c of the first outsole member 204c-<NUM> may include a plurality of protrusions <NUM>. The protrusions <NUM> may each define various shapes and heights protruding from the upper surface 260c. For example, the protrusions <NUM> may define an oblong (e.g., stadium or ellipse) shape. As illustrated in <FIG>, in some implementations, the upper surface 260c includes eight protrusions <NUM>. In particular, the upper surface 260c of the first outsole member 204c-<NUM> may include four elongate protrusions <NUM> arranged in a first pattern 272c, and the upper surface 260c of the second outsole member 204c-<NUM> may include four elongate protrusions <NUM> arranged in a second pattern 274c. As illustrated, in some implementations, the first and second patterns 272c, 274c each define an X-shape. In this regard, the first and second patterns 272c, 274c of the protrusions <NUM> may be the same as the first and second patterns 266c, 268c of the second traction elements 268c. In particular, the size, shape, and arrangement of the protrusions <NUM> may be the same as the size, shape, and arrangement of the second traction elements 268c, such that each protrusion <NUM> is aligned with one of the second traction elements 268c. Accordingly, as will be described in more detail below, in the assembled configuration, at least one of the protrusions <NUM> may be aligned with the recess(es) 226c and, thus, the bladder <NUM> disposed therein. For example, the first pattern 272c may be aligned with the first recess 226c-<NUM>, and the second pattern 274c may be aligned with the second recess 226c-<NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, when the sole structure 200c is assembled, the first patterns 266c, 272c may be aligned with the first recess 226c-<NUM>, and the second patterns 268c, 274c may be aligned with the second recess 226c-<NUM>, as previously described, to provide localized cushioning characteristics to the sole structure 200c. In some implementations, one or more of the protrusions <NUM> may engage the bladder(s) 208c (e.g., the second barrier layer 240c), such that the upper surface 260c is spaced apart from the bladder(s) 208c. In particular, the upper surface 260c and the second barrier layer 240c may define a void 278c surrounding the protrusions 270c. At least a portion of one or more of the protrusions <NUM> is disposed within the first recess 226c-<NUM> or optionally the second recess 226c-<NUM>. For example, relative to the thickness TcFE of the primary member 206c, at least a portion of each protrusion <NUM> may be disposed between the bottom surface 218c of the midsole 202c and the intermediate surface 234c-<NUM>, 234c-<NUM> of one of the first or second recesses 226c-<NUM>, 226c-<NUM>, respectively.

With this arrangement, the cushioning and performance properties of the bladder 208c are effectively and efficiently imparted to the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. Particularly, forces associated with pushing off of the forefoot during running or jumping motions may be more efficiently absorbed by the bladder 208c, as such forces will first be imparted onto the bladder 208c by the protrusions <NUM>, effectively reducing the amount of force required to deflect the second barrier layer 240c of the bladder 208c. For example, as previously described, during use, the height of the second traction elements 264c and the height of the first traction elements 262c are substantially similar, such that the surface of the ground simultaneously applies a force on the second traction elements 264c and the first traction elements 262c. In this regard, the force applied by the ground on the second traction elements 264c may be substantially similar as the force applied by the ground on the first traction elements 262c. In some implementations, upon application of the force on the second traction elements 264c by the ground, the force is efficiently transmitted through the second traction elements 264c to the protrusions <NUM> and imparted onto the bladder 208c by the protrusions <NUM>.

Referring now to <FIG>, an article of footwear 10a is provided and includes the upper <NUM> and a sole structure 200a attached to the upper <NUM>. In view of the substantial similarity in structure and function of the components associated with the article of footwear 10a with respect to the article of footwear <NUM>, like reference numerals are used hereinafter and in the drawings to identify like components while like reference numerals containing letter extensions are used to identify those components that have been modified.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the sole structure 200a includes a midsole 202a configured to provide cushioning characteristics to the sole structure 200a, and one or more of the outsole members 204a configured to provide a ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the article of footwear 10a. As illustrated, the midsole 202a may include a plurality of subcomponents for providing zonal cushioning and performance characteristics. For example, the midsole 202a may include a primary member 206a, one or more secondary members or inserts 208a, and one or more actuation members <NUM>. While the secondary members 208a are generally shown and described herein as being fluid-filled bladders 208a, the secondary members 208a may have other configurations (e.g., a foam construct) within the scope of the present disclosure. Similarly, while the midsole 202a is generally shown and described herein as including two bladders 208a, the midsole 202a may include more or less than two bladders 208a within the scope of the present disclosure.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the primary member 206a extends from a first end 212a, which may be disposed at the anterior end <NUM> of the footwear 10a, to a second end 214a, which may be disposed at the posterior end <NUM> of the footwear 10a. Accordingly, the primary member 206a may extend along an entire length of the footwear 10a. With reference to <FIG>, the primary member 206a may further include a top surface 216a and a bottom surface 218a formed on an opposite side of the primary member 206a than the top surface 216a. The top surface 216a of the primary member 206a is configured to oppose the strobel <NUM> of the upper <NUM>, and may be contoured to define a profile of the footbed <NUM> corresponding to a shape of the foot. As shown in <FIG>, a distance between the top surface 216a and the bottom surface 218a defines a thickness TaFE of the primary member 206a, which may vary along the length or width of the sole structure 200a (e.g., along the axes AF1, AF2).

The primary member 206a further includes a peripheral side surface 220a extending between the top surface 216a and the bottom surface 218a. The peripheral side surface 220a generally defines an outer periphery of the sole structure 200a.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the primary member 206a may include one or more recesses 226a formed in the top surface 216a. The recesses 226a may be sized and shaped to receive each bladder 208a. In this regard, as illustrated, in some implementations, the primary member 206a includes a single recess 226a formed in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure 200a between the medial side <NUM> and the lateral side <NUM>. The recess 226a may be aligned along, or in a direction substantially parallel to (+/- five degrees) the lateral axis AF2.

With reference to <FIG> and <FIG>, the recess 226a may be defined by a peripheral surface 232a and an intermediate surface 234a. The peripheral surface 232a may extend from the top surface 216a of the primary member 206a towards the bottom surface 218a. In particular, the peripheral surface 232a may extend partially from the top surface 216a towards the bottom surface 218a and terminate at the intermediate surface 234a, disposed between the bottom surface 218a and the top surface 216a. Thus, as illustrated in <FIG>, a depth DaR1 of the recess 226a, measured from the top surface 216a to the intermediate surface 234a, extends only partially through the thickness TaFE of the primary member 206a.

Each bladder 208a may include a first barrier layer 238a and a second barrier layer 240a opposing the first barrier layer 238a. The first barrier layer 238a and the second barrier layer 240a can be joined to each other at discrete locations to define a chamber 242a and a peripheral seam 244a.

In some implementations, the first barrier layer 238a and the second barrier layer 240a cooperate to define a geometry (e.g., thicknesses, width, and lengths) of the chamber 242a. The peripheral seam 244a may bound the periphery of the chamber 242a to seal the fluid (e.g., air) within the chamber 242a. Thus, the chamber 242a is associated with an area of the bladder 208a where interior surfaces of the first barrier layer 238a and the second barrier layer 240a are not joined together and, thus, are separated from one another. In the illustrated example, an outer peripheral profile of the chamber 242a has a rounded cross-sectional shape, as best shown in <FIG>. The outer peripheral profile of the chamber 242a may define various other shapes (e.g., circular, oval, rounded square, etc.) within the scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in <FIG>, the second barrier layer 240a opposes the first barrier layer 238a to define a thickness Tac of the chamber 242a extending between opposed outer surfaces 246a, 248a of the first and second barrier layers 238a, 240a, respectively. The thickness Tac may extend in a direction orthogonal to the outer surfaces 246a, 248a. In some implementations, the thickness Tac is equal to the depth DaR1 of the recess 226a. In other implementations, the thickness Tac may be less than the depth DaR1 the recess 226a. In the illustrated example, the first barrier layer 238a (e.g., the outer surface 246a) and the second barrier layer 240a (e.g., the outer surface 248a) are substantially planar. In other implementations, one or both of the first or second barrier layer 238a, 240a (e.g., the outer surfaces 246a, 248a) is cup-shaped (e.g., concave or convex).

As shown in the figures, a space formed between opposing interior surfaces of the first barrier layer 238a and the second barrier layer 240a defines an interior void 250a of the chamber 242a. The interior void 250a of the chamber 242a may receive the tensile element <NUM> therein in the manner previously described.

Referring to <FIG>, in the illustrated example, the bladders 208a are arranged to provide cushioning in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure 200a. For example, as illustrated, the bladders 208a may be disposed within the recess 226a. In particular, a first bladder 208a, 208a-<NUM> may be coupled to one or both of the peripheral surface 232a or the intermediate surface 234a, and a second bladder 208a, 208a-<NUM> may be coupled to one or both of the peripheral surface 232a or the intermediate surface 234a, using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding or melding, for example.

With reference to <FIG> and <FIG>, in some implementations, one or more outsole members 204a-<NUM>, 204a-<NUM>. 204a-n may be coupled to the midsole 202a. For example, the outsole 204a and the midsole 202a may be assembled and secured to each other using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding and melding, for example. In particular, the outsole 204a may be overmolded onto the subcomponents 206a, 208a of the midsole 202a, such that the midsole 202a defines a profile of the ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the footwear 10a. Alternatively, the outsole 204a may be bonded to the midsole 202a using an adhesive or other suitable attachment method.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the actuation member <NUM> may include a lateral portion <NUM>, a medial portion <NUM>, and a central portion <NUM> extending between the lateral portion <NUM> and the medial portion <NUM>. The lateral portion <NUM> may include a lateral upper surface <NUM>, a lateral lower surface <NUM> opposite the lateral upper surface <NUM>, and a lateral peripheral surface <NUM> extending from the lateral upper surface <NUM> to the lateral lower surface <NUM>. The lateral portion <NUM> may further include a lateral protrusion <NUM> extending from the lateral lower surface <NUM>, and a corresponding lateral recess <NUM> disposed within the lateral upper surface <NUM> and aligned with the lateral protrusion <NUM>. For example, the lateral lower surface <NUM> may include a convex portion <NUM> corresponding to the lateral protrusion <NUM>, and the lateral upper surface <NUM> may include a concave portion <NUM> aligned with the convex portion <NUM>. As illustrated, in some implementations, the convex portion <NUM> and/or the concave portion <NUM> define a portion of a sphere (e.g., a semispherical shape).

The lateral peripheral surface <NUM> may include a front segment <NUM>-<NUM>, a rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>, a lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM>, and a medial segment <NUM>-<NUM>. As illustrated in <FIG>, the front and rear segments <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may extend linearly and define an angle α therebetween. In some implementations, the angle α is equal to zero degrees, such that the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> is parallel to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>. In other implementations, the angle α is greater than zero degrees (e.g., between one degree and ten degrees), such that the distance between the front and rear segments <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> is less proximate the lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM> than it is proximate the medial segment <NUM>-<NUM>. The lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM> may extend arcuately from the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>, while the medial segment <NUM>-<NUM> may extend linearly from the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>.

The medial portion <NUM> may include a medial upper surface <NUM>, a medial lower surface <NUM> opposite the medial upper surface <NUM>, and a medial peripheral surface <NUM> extending from the medial upper surface <NUM> to the medial lower surface <NUM>. The medial portion <NUM> may further include a medial protrusion <NUM> extending from the medial lower surface <NUM>, and a corresponding medial recess <NUM> disposed within the medial upper surface <NUM> and aligned with the medial protrusion <NUM>. For example, the medial lower surface <NUM> may include a convex portion <NUM> corresponding to the medial protrusion <NUM>, and the medial upper surface <NUM> may include a concave portion <NUM> aligned with the convex portion <NUM>. As illustrated, in some implementations, the convex portion <NUM> and/or the concave portion <NUM> define a portion of a sphere (e.g., a semispherical shape).

The medial peripheral surface <NUM> may include a front segment <NUM>-<NUM>, a rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>, a lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM>, a first medial segment <NUM>-<NUM>, and a second medial segment <NUM>-<NUM>. The front and rear segments medial segment <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> may extend linearly and define an angle β therebetween. In some implementations, the angle β is equal to zero degrees, such that the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> is parallel to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>. In other implementations, the angle β is greater than zero degrees (e.g., between one degree and ten degrees), such that the distance between the front and rear segments <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM> is less proximate the lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM> than it is proximate the medial segments <NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>. In some implementations, the angle β is substantially equal to the angle α such that the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> is collinear with the front segment <NUM>-<NUM>, and the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM> is collinear with the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>. The lateral segment <NUM>-<NUM> and the first medial segment <NUM>-<NUM> may extend linearly from the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>, while the second medial segment <NUM>-<NUM> may extend arcuately from the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>.

The central portion <NUM> of the actuation member <NUM> may connect the lateral portion <NUM> to the medial portion <NUM>. As illustrated in <FIG>, in some implementations, the central portion <NUM> defines a U-shaped cross section in a plane extending perpendicular to the longitudinal and lateral axes AF1, AF2 of the footwear 10a. In some implementations, the central portion <NUM> extends below the lateral and medial lower surfaces <NUM>, <NUM> of the lateral and medial portions <NUM>, <NUM>, respectively, such that the lower surfaces <NUM>, <NUM> are disposed between the upper surfaces <NUM>, <NUM> and the central portion <NUM> in a direction transverse to the axes AF1, AF2 of the footwear 10a.

In the assembled configuration, the central portion <NUM> may be disposed between the medial and lateral sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the footwear 10a. In particular, the central portion <NUM> may be disposed between the bladders 208a and aligned with the longitudinal axis AF1 of the footwear 10a in the assembled configuration. The actuation member <NUM> may be constructed at least in part from a flexible and/or resilient material that allows the medial portion <NUM> to flex and move relative to the lateral portion <NUM> during use of the footwear 10a. In this regard, during use of the footwear 10a, the cushioning and performance properties of the bladders 208a are effectively and efficiently imparted to the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. Particularly, forces associated with pushing off of the forefoot during running or jumping motions may be more efficiently absorbed by the bladders 208a, as such forces will first be imparted onto the bladders 208a by the protrusions <NUM>, <NUM>, effectively reducing the amount of force required to deflect the first barrier layers 238a of the bladders 208a.

Referring now to <FIG>, an article of footwear 10b is provided and includes the upper <NUM> and a sole structure 200b attached to the upper <NUM>. In view of the substantial similarity in structure and function of the components associated with the article of footwear 10b with respect to the articles of footwear <NUM>, 10a, like reference numerals are used hereinafter and in the drawings to identify like components while like reference numerals containing letter extensions are used to identify those components that have been modified.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the sole structure 200b includes a midsole 202b configured to provide cushioning characteristics to the sole structure 200b, and one or more of the outsole members 204b configured to provide a ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the article of footwear 10b. As illustrated, the midsole 202b may include a plurality of subcomponents for providing zonal cushioning and performance characteristics. For example, the midsole 202b may include the primary member 206b, one or more secondary members or inserts 208b, and one or more actuation members 280b. While the secondary members 208b are generally shown and described herein as being fluid-filled bladders 208b, the secondary members 208b may have other configurations (e.g., a foam construct) within the scope of the present disclosure. Similarly, while the midsole 202b is generally shown and described herein as including a single bladder 208b, the midsole 202b may include more or less than one bladder 208b within the scope of the present disclosure.

The bladder 208b may include a first barrier layer 238b and a second barrier layer 240b opposing the first barrier layer 238b, which can be joined to each other at discrete locations to define a chamber 242b and a peripheral seam 244b. In some implementations, the first barrier layer 238b and the second barrier layer 240b cooperate to define a geometry (e.g., thicknesses, width, and lengths) of the chamber 242b. The peripheral seam 244b may bound the periphery of the chamber 242b to seal the fluid (e.g., air) within the chamber 242b. Thus, the chamber 242b is associated with an area of the bladder 208b where interior surfaces of the first barrier layer 238b and the second barrier layer 240b are not j oined together and, thus, are separated from one another. In the illustrated example, an outer peripheral profile of the chamber 242b has an elongate cross-sectional shape (e.g., stadium shape), and includes a first tab <NUM> extending towards the anterior end <NUM> of the sole structure 200b, and a second tab <NUM> extending toward the posterior end <NUM> of the sole structure 200b, as best shown in <FIG>. The first tab <NUM> is disposed within a recess <NUM> of the primary member 206b, and the shape of the first tab <NUM> corresponds to the shape of the recess <NUM>. The outer peripheral profile of the chamber 242b may define various other shapes (e.g., circular, oval, rounded square, etc.) within the scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in <FIG>, the second barrier layer 240b opposes the first barrier layer 238b to define a thickness The of the chamber 242b extending between opposed outer surfaces 246b, 248b of the first and second barrier layers 238b, 240b, respectively. The thickness The may extend in a direction orthogonal to the outer surfaces 246b, 248b. In some implementations, the thickness The is equal to the depth DbR1 of the recess 226b. In other implementations, the thickness The may be less than the depth DbR1 the recess 226b. In the illustrated example, the first barrier layer 238b (e.g., the outer surface 246b) is cup-shaped (e.g., concave), while the second barrier layer 240b (e.g., the outer surface 248b) is substantially planar. In other implementations, one or both of the first or second barrier layer 238b, 240b (e.g., the outer surfaces 246b, 248b) is cup-shaped (e.g., concave or convex).

As shown in the figures, a space formed between opposing interior surfaces of the first barrier layer 238b and the second barrier layer 240b defines an interior void 250b of the chamber 242b. The interior void 250b of the chamber 242b may receive the tensile element <NUM> therein in the manner previously described.

Referring to <FIG>, in the illustrated example, the bladder 208b is arranged to provide cushioning in the forefoot region <NUM> of the sole structure 200b. For example, as illustrated, the bladder 208b may be disposed within the recess 226b. In particular, the bladder 208b may be coupled to one or both of the peripheral surface 232b or the intermediate surface 234b using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding or melding, for example.

With reference to <FIG> and <FIG>, in some implementations, one or more of the outsole members 204b-<NUM>, 204b-<NUM>. 204b-n may be coupled to the midsole 202b. For example, the outsole 204b and the midsole 202b may be assembled and secured to each other using various methods of bonding, including adhesively bonding and melding, for example. In particular, the outsole 204b may be overmolded onto the subcomponents 206b, 208b of the midsole 202b, such that the midsole 202b defines a profile of the ground-engaging surface <NUM> of the footwear 10b. Alternatively, the outsole 204b may be bonded to the midsole 202b using an adhesive or other suitable attachment method.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the actuation member 280b may include an elongated central portion 286b extending between a lateral side <NUM> and a medial side <NUM>. The actuation member 280b may include an upper surface <NUM>, a lower surface <NUM> opposite the upper surface <NUM>, and a peripheral surface <NUM> extending from the upper surface <NUM> to the lower surface <NUM>. The central portion 286b may include an elongated protrusion <NUM> extending from the lower surface <NUM>, and a corresponding recess <NUM> disposed within the upper surface <NUM> and aligned within the protrusion <NUM>. For example, the lower surface <NUM> may include a convex portion <NUM> corresponding to the protrusion <NUM>, and the upper surface <NUM> may include a concave portion <NUM> aligned with the convex portion <NUM>. As illustrated, in some implementations, the convex portion <NUM> and/or the concave portion <NUM> define an oblong (e.g., stadium or ellipse) shape.

The peripheral surface <NUM> may include a front segment 302b-<NUM>, a rear segment 302b-<NUM>, a lateral segment 302b-<NUM>, and a medial segment 302b-<NUM>. The front and rear segments 302b-<NUM>, 302b-<NUM> may extend linearly and define an angle α therebetween. In some implementations, the angle α is equal to zero degrees, such that the front segment 302b-<NUM> is parallel to the rear segment 302b-<NUM>. In other implementations, the angle α is greater than zero degrees (e.g., between one degree and ten degrees), such that the distance between the front and rear segments 302b-<NUM>, 302b-<NUM> is less proximate the lateral segment 302b-<NUM> than it is proximate the medial segment 302b-<NUM>. The lateral segment 302b-<NUM> may extend arcuately from the front segment <NUM>-<NUM> to the rear segment <NUM>-<NUM>, and the medial segment 302b-<NUM> may extend arcuately from the front segment 302b-<NUM> to the rear segment 302b-<NUM>.

In the assembled configuration, the central portion 286b may be disposed between the medial and lateral sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the footwear 10b. In particular, the central portion 286b may be aligned with the longitudinal axis AF2 of the footwear 10b in the assembled configuration. The actuation member 280b may be constructed at least in part from a flexible and/or resilient material that allows the medial side <NUM> to flex and move relative to the lateral side <NUM> during use of the footwear 10b. In this regard, during use of the footwear 10b, the cushioning and performance properties of the bladder 208b are effectively and efficiently imparted to the ground-engaging surface <NUM>. Particularly, forces associated with pushing off of the forefoot during running or jumping motions may be more efficiently absorbed by the bladder 208b, as such forces will first be imparted onto the bladder 208b by the protrusion <NUM>, effectively reducing the amount of force required to deflect the first barrier layers 238b of the bladder 208b.

Claim 1:
A sole structure (200c) for an article of footwear (10c), the sole structure (200c) comprising:
a midsole (202c) having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, the bottom surface including a first recess (226c-<NUM>);
a first bladder (208c) disposed within the first recess (226c-<NUM>); and
an outsole (204c) coupled to the midsole (202c) and including a first traction element (<NUM>) extending from a ground-contacting surface (<NUM>), characterised in that the outsole further comprises a first protrusion (<NUM>) extending from the outsole (204c) on an opposite side of the outsole (204c) than the ground-contacting surface (<NUM>), the first traction element (<NUM>) and the first protrusion (<NUM>) being aligned with the first bladder (208c),
wherein at least a portion of the first protrusion (<NUM>) is disposed within the first recess (226c-<NUM>).