Patent Description:
Evaporative coolers reduce the temperature of air through direct evaporative cooling. To achieve cooling, air is drawn through the sides of the housing of the evaporative cooler and over one or more wet evaporative media pads, thereby evaporating water within the evaporative media pads and reducing the temperature of the passing air. In order to wet the evaporative media pads, evaporative coolers also include a water distribution system. Typically, water from a reservoir at the bottom of the evaporative cooler is drawn to the top of the evaporative cooler by a pump, from where the water is distributed by gravity through a limited number of distribution holes downward and into the evaporative media pads. Water that exits the evaporative media pads is collected within the reservoir and recirculated through the system by the pump. As the water is distributed by gravity, the evaporative media pads must be carefully installed, making sure the evaporative media pads are absolutely vertically aligned (at an angle of <NUM>° from vertical) and horizontally aligned with each other. Any variation in height or angle of installation will reduce the efficiency of the evaporative cooler and risk water carryover into air streams within and from the evaporative cooler. The document <CIT> describes a water entry system for entry of water to a water distribution system for an evaporative cooler includes a conduit for delivering water to at least one of the uppermost corners of the lid of the evaporative cooler.

<FIG> shows a currently known evaporative cooler <NUM> in more detail. The currently known evaporative cooler <NUM> generally includes a housing <NUM> with a plurality of sides <NUM> (for example, four sides <NUM>), a lid <NUM>, and a reservoir <NUM>, a retaining frame <NUM>, at least one evaporative media pad <NUM> within the retaining frame <NUM>, and a gravity distribution element <NUM> of a water distribution system that is located beneath the lid <NUM> and above the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. The gravity distribution element <NUM> includes a water channel <NUM> in fluid communication with one or more outlets <NUM> from where the water is released to flow downward onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. The water channel <NUM> is typically slanted downward to enhance distribution of the water by gravity. In most currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>, water is gravity fed to the water channel <NUM> through only four distribution points. As discussed above, the retaining frame <NUM> is configured to retain the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> in a vertical position (that is, in a position that is parallel to, or at an angle of <NUM>°) relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the gravity distribution element <NUM>. Any variation of this configuration rnay adversely affect the efficiency ofthe currently known evaporative cooler <NUM>. Further, the retaining frarne <NUM> is affixed to or integrated with the inner surfaces of the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM>, thereby positing the evaporative rnedia pad(s) <NUM> irnrnediately adjacent to the sides <NUM> ofthe housing <NUM>.

Currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> also include a header block <NUM> immediately above, and typically in contact with, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> and the gravity distribution element <NUM> typically extends a distance to the header block <NUM> (for example, about <NUM> rnrn). The header block <NUM> is used to prevent air bypass and diffuse water that clurnps together as falls or flows between the gravity distribution element <NUM> and the header block <NUM>. The gravity distribution element <NUM> has a height of between approximately <NUM> rnrn and approximately <NUM> rnrn and the header block <NUM> has a height of approximately <NUM> rnrn. Thus, the total height required in currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> to supply water to the evaporative rnedia pad(s) <NUM> is up to approxirnately <NUM> rnrn, which can affect the aesthetics ofthe design and/or lirnit the locations in which the evaporative cooler may be used. Additionally, as noted above, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> in currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> are mounted or positioned immediately adjacent to the inner surfaces of the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM>, due to the configuration ofthe retaining frame <NUM>. Not only does this configuration reduce airflow through and around the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, but it also complicates manufacture and assembly of the housing. As a further result of this configuration, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> do not extend below the sides <NUM> ofthe housing <NUM> down into the reservoir <NUM>, where the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> would be in contact with the water within the reservoir <NUM>. Even if a portion ofthe evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> did extend below the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM>, the lack of airflow holes in the reservoir <NUM> of the housing <NUM> means that such a portion ofthe evaporative media pad <NUM> would not be exposed to airflow, since the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> are attached directly to the housing <NUM>. Thus, this gap <NUM> between the bottam ofthe evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> and the bottarn ofthe reservoir <NUM> represents wasted space that produces no cooling effect. <FIG> shows the gap <NUM> between a mounted evaporative media pad <NUM> and the bottam of the reservoir <NUM> in a currently known evaporative cooler <NUM>. Further, as shown in <FIG>, currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> are mounted a distance frorn the roof36 or surface ofthe building or structure, exposing the roofjack, ductwork, and/or dropper <NUM>. Such mounting is required for currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>, as the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> rnust be in a vertical position relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the gravity distribution element <NUM>. To achieve even distribution of water onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, the currently known evaporative cooler <NUM> must be mounted such that the lid <NUM> is horizontal. Although some currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> include an angled reservoir <NUM> that comes closer to matching the contour of the roof <NUM>, they still have an angular/boxy appearance and exposed ductwork and/or dropper <NUM> and are only suited to accommodate a single roof angle. Additionally, electrical and plumbing conduits <NUM> to the currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> run on the outside of the roof <NUM> which is unattractive and exposes the conduits <NUM> to weather and damage.

Some embodiments advantageously provide an evaporative cooler having a pressurized water distribution system that provides even water distribution to evaporative media pads within the evaporative cooler, even when the evaporative pads are canted and/or are not in perfect alignment; other exemplary embodiments not presently claimed provide an evaporative cooler having a weatherproof sealing assembly that is transitionable between an open position and a closed position; an evaporative cooler having one or more features that facilitate installation of the evaporative cooler onto a roof of a building; and/or a method of installing the evaporative cooler to the roof of the building. According to the invention,.

In one preferred embodiment, each of the plurality of caps is rotatably couplable to the water distribution system lid.

In one preferred embodiment, each of the plurality of caps includes a first hooked portion and a second hooked portion and the water distribution system lid includes a first post and a second post proximate each of the plurality of outlet holes, the first and second hooked portions being releasably engageable with the first and second posts.

Preferably, the first and second hooked portions are radially opposed to each other and the first and second posts are radially opposed to each other.

In one further preferred embodiment, the at least one pressurized water channel includes a plurality of pressurized water channels, each of the plurality of pressurized water channels being in fluid communication with a corresponding one of the plurality of outlet holes.

Preferably, each of the plurality of caps is configured to direct a flow of fluid from a corresponding one of the plurality of outlet holes into at least one of the plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels.

The system and method components have been represented where appropriate by conventional symbols in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

Referring to <FIG>, a first embodiment and a second embodiment of an evaporative cooler are shown. Unlike currently known evaporative coolers, the evaporative coolers shown in <FIG> each include a pressurized water distribution system, which is discussed in greater detail below. Although the evaporative coolers disclosed herein are described as being used with water, it will be understood that other evaporative fluids may be used in addition to or instead of water. In one embodiment, the pressurized water distribution system includes a distribution assembly (that distributes water through a combination of pressure and gravity) that has a height of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). The evaporative coolers disclosed here do not include a header block or a gap between the distribution assembly and the evaporative media pad(s). Thus, the total height required to supply water to the evaporative media pad(s) is the same as the total height of the distribution assembly, or, in one embodiment, approximately <NUM>. By not only reducing the height of the distribution component over currently known water distribution systems, but also eliminating the <NUM>-mm header block, the total height of the evaporative cooler may be reduced by approximately <NUM>. Alternatively, the total height of the evaporative cooler may be maintained, but larger evaporative media pad(s) may be used, thereby increasing the active cooling area and cooling capacity. In one embodiment, the active cooling area of the evaporative media pad(s) may be increased by as much as <NUM>% when a pressurized water distribution system as described herein is used. Additionally, as is discussed in greater detail below, use of a pressurized water distribution system also reduces or eliminates the need for precise vertical positioning of the evaporative media pad(s), which may reduce time and complexity of installing, repairing, and/or replacing of the evaporative cooler. In fact, in some embodiments, an evaporative cooler including the pressurized water distribution system described herein may be installed at angles of up to between <NUM>° and <NUM>° from horizontal.

Referring now to <FIG>, a first embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> including a pressurized water distribution system <NUM> is shown. This embodiment is exemplary only, and helps understanding some of the features of the invention as defined in the claims.

In addition to the pressurized water distribution system <NUM>, the evaporative cooler <NUM> generally includes a housing <NUM> with a housing lid <NUM> and a reservoir <NUM>, and a retaining frame <NUM> configured to retain at least one evaporative media pad <NUM>. The housing lid <NUM> may define at least a top surface <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>, and may optionally further define at least one side surface <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>. In one embodiment, the housing lid <NUM> is a unitary structure composed of a single piece of material and defines a top surface <NUM> and four side surfaces <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>, and is coupled to, and, optionally, in contact with, the reservoir <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled. Although not shown in <FIG>, the first embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> may further include additional components, such one or more sensors, electronic controls, float valves, filters, a fan and fan motor, belts, pulleys, an auxiliary pump for draining the reservoir, ductwork, roof jacks, and/or other system components.

Referring to <FIG>, an exploded view of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> is shown. The pressurized water distribution system <NUM> generally includes a distribution assembly <NUM> and a supply assembly <NUM>. The distribution assembly <NUM> includes a pressurized portion and a non-pressurized flow path portion. The distribution assembly <NUM> includes a water distribution system lid <NUM> including or defining a pressurized manifold that includes at least one pressurized water channel <NUM> that is in fluid communication with a plurality of outlet holes <NUM> and at least one inlet hole <NUM>. The distribution assembly <NUM> further includes at least one manifold cover <NUM> configured to enclose the at least one pressurized water channel <NUM>, but not the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> or the at least one inlet hole <NUM>. Put another way, each manifold cover <NUM> is configured to enclose a corresponding pressurized water channel <NUM>, with the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> and the at least one inlet hole <NUM> remaining unobstructed when the manifold cover <NUM> is coupled to the water distribution system lid <NUM>. The distribution assembly <NUM> further includes at least one gravity distribution element <NUM> defining at least one non-pressurized flow path. As used herein, water conduits through which water flows primarily by gravity are non-pressurized conduits. The supply assembly <NUM> includes a pump <NUM> and a plurality of hoses <NUM>. Water pumped into the pressurized manifold through the at least one inlet hole <NUM> is pressurized by the pump <NUM> and the enclosed pressurized water supply manifold. As discussed in greater detail below, water is delivered to the evaporative media pad(s) by a combination of momentum created by the pump and enclosed pressurized water supply manifold, and gravity.

The water distribution system lid <NUM> is sized and configured to be received within the housing <NUM>. In one embodiment, such as that shown in <FIG>, the water distribution system lid <NUM> is square or rectangular with a first edge 88A, a second edge 88B opposite the first edge 88A, a third edge 88C between the first 88A and second 88B edges, and a fourth edge 88D opposite the third edge 88C and between the first 88A and second 88B edges. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> includes a water inlet portion <NUM> located at at least one corner of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> includes a first water inlet portion 90A at a first corner between the first edge 88A and the third edge 88C, and includes a second water inlet portion 90B at a second corner between the second edge 88B and the third edge 88C. Each of the first 90A and second 90B water inlet portions extends beyond each adjacent edge, such that the first 90A and second 90B water distribution portions are not located above any of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>). Optionally, to maintain symmetry of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, the water distribution system lid <NUM> may also include a first protruding portion 92A at a third corner between the first edge 88A and the fourth edge 88D and a second protruding portion 92B at a fourth corner between the second edge 88B and the fourth edge 88D, and the protruding portions 92A, 92B may each have a size and configuration equal to that of the water inlet portions 90A, 90B, except that the protruding portions 92A, 92B do not include at least one inlet hole <NUM>. The water distribution system lid <NUM> may be composed of a rigid or semi-rigid material, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or the like.

The plurality of outlet holes <NUM> and the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> are included in or defined by a perimeter portion of the water distribution system lid 72In one embodiment, the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> includes six evenly spaced outlet holes <NUM> proximate each of the first 88A, second 88B, third 88C, and fourth 88D edges (twenty-four total outlet holes <NUM>). However, it will be understood that the water distribution system lid <NUM> may include any suitable number, configuration, and/or arrangement of outlet holes <NUM>. Further, each outlet hole <NUM> has a diameter that is large enough to prevent or reduce the likelihood of blockage by sediment or other particulates in the water being circulated through the pressurized water distribution system <NUM>. In one embodiment, each outlet hole <NUM> has a diameter of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). In another embodiment, each outlet hole has a diameter of between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>).

In one embodiment, the at least one pressurized water channel <NUM> is also included or defined by the perimeter portion of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> includes or defines a first pressurized water channel 74A and a second pressurized water channel 74B, with the first pressurized water channel 74A being in fluid communication with all of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the first edge 88A (for example, six outlet holes <NUM>), a first half of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the third edge 88C (for example, three outlet holes <NUM>), and a first half of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the fourth edge 88D (for example, three outlet holes <NUM>). Similarly, in this configuration, the second pressurized water channel 74B is in fluid communication with all of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the second edge 88B (for example, six outlet holes <NUM>), a second half of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the third edge 88C (for example, three outlet holes <NUM> proximate the third edge 88C different than the three outlet holes <NUM> in fluid communication with the first pressurized water channel 74A), and a second half of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> proximate the fourth edge 88D (for example, three outlet holes <NUM> proximate the fourth edge 88D different than the three outlet holes <NUM> in fluid communication with the first pressurized water channel 74A). The first pressurized water channel 74A is also in fluid communication with the at least one inlet hole <NUM> in the first water inlet portion 90A and the second pressurized water channel 74B is also in fluid communication with the at least one inlet hole <NUM> in the second water inlet portion 90B.

The distribution assembly <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> further includes at least one manifold cover <NUM> that is sized and configured to enclose the at least one pressurized water channel <NUM> in the water distribution system lid <NUM>, but not the at least one inlet hole <NUM> or the plurality of outlet holes <NUM>, such that water may enter the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> only through the at least one inlet hole <NUM> and water may exit the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> only through the plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. Put another way, the manifold cover <NUM> is configured to enclose the portion of the pressurized manifold between the at least one inlet hole <NUM> and the plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. The manifold cover(s) <NUM> are composed of a compressible or semi-compressible, resilient material, such as rubber, silicone rubber, foam, neoprene, or the like. Further, the manifold cover(s) <NUM> are configured to be removably coupled to the water distribution system lid <NUM>, such as by friction fit, clamps, or other suitable methods of attachment, to facilitate removal, repair, replacement, and/or cleaning of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, as is shown in <FIG>, the manifold cover(s) <NUM> and the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> (or the portion of the water distribution system lid <NUM> adjacent the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM>) may have a matably engageable tongue-and-groove configuration that allows for a friction fit between the manifold cover(s) <NUM> and corresponding pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> and/or water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the distribution assembly <NUM> includes a first manifold cover 80A that is sized and configured to at least partially enclose the first pressurized water channel 74A and a second manifold cover 80B that is sized and configured to at least partially enclose the second pressurized water channel 74B (for example, as shown in <FIG>). Alternatively, the manifold cover <NUM> may be permanently coupled to, integrated with, or defined by the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the manifold cover <NUM> may be plastic welded, adhered, or otherwise coupled to the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In another embodiment, the water distribution system lid may be manufactured as a single piece to define the pressurized manifold (for example, the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM>) and the manifold cover <NUM>.

The distribution assembly <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> further includes at least one gravity distribution element <NUM> (which may also be referred to herein as at least one water spreader). The gravity distribution element(s) <NUM> define at least one non-pressurized flow path and are configured to be in fluid communication with the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> and the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. Thus, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled, the water distribution system lid <NUM> and gravity distribution element(s) <NUM> are located between the housing lid <NUM> and the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. The distribution assembly <NUM> may include an equal number of evaporative media pads <NUM> and gravity distribution elements <NUM>, such that each gravity distribution element <NUM> is located directly adjacent to and, in some embodiments, in contact with, a corresponding one of the evaporative media pads <NUM>. Put another way, each evaporative media pad <NUM> is located directly subjacent a corresponding one of the gravity distribution elements <NUM>, without a header block, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is in use. In some embodiments, the water distribution system lid <NUM> may be located a predetermined distance from the upper edge or top of each of the evaporative media pads <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>) and approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). In another embodiment, the predetermined distance is less than at most <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes four evaporative media pads <NUM> and four gravity distribution elements <NUM>, with each gravity distribution element <NUM> being directly above and, in some embodiments, in contact with, a corresponding evaporative media pad <NUM>. For example, the distribution assembly <NUM> may include a first gravity distribution element 82A in fluid communication with the outlet holes <NUM> proximate the first edge 88A of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, a second gravity distribution element 82B in fluid communication with the outlet holes <NUM> proximate the second edge 88B of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, a third gravity distribution element 82C in fluid communication with the outlet holes <NUM> proximate the third edge 88C of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, and a fourth gravity distribution element 82D in fluid communication with the outlet holes <NUM> proximate the fourth edge 88D of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled, the first 82A, second 82B, third 82C, and fourth 82D gravity distribution elements are located directly above a first 62A, second 62B, third 62C, and fourth 62D evaporative media pad, respectively. The retaining frame <NUM> may be configured to retain the four evaporative media pads 62A-62D such that the evaporative media pads <NUM> are approximately <NUM>° from each other, forming a box shape. The box shape defines an inner chamber, within which a fan, fan motor, and other system components may be located.

In one embodiment, each gravity distribution element <NUM> has an elongate shape that is configured to extend between adjacent water inlet portions <NUM> and/or protruding portions <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>). Further, each gravity distribution element <NUM> includes an upper surface with a plurality of distribution features <NUM> that provide an even delivery of water to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>). In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> includes six outlet holes <NUM> proximate each of the first 88A, second 88B, third 88C, and fourth 88D edges, and each of four gravity distribution elements 82A-82D includes six distribution features <NUM>, each distribution feature <NUM> including an upstream portion 96A, a midstream portion 96B, and a downstream portion 96C. Each gravity distribution element <NUM> is configured such that at least a portion of the upstream portion 96A is located immediately adjacent to a corresponding outlet hole <NUM> in the water distribution system lid <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled (for example, as shown in <FIG>). When the evaporative cooler <NUM> is in use, at least a portion of the upstream portion 86A is located beneath (directly subjacent to) a corresponding outlet hole <NUM>. At least a portion of the upper surface of each gravity distribution element <NUM> may extend beyond its corresponding edge <NUM>. Further, each gravity distribution element <NUM> may be composed of rigid or semi-rigid material, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA), cellulose flock, cellulose fiber, or the like.

As shown in <FIG>, each distribution feature <NUM> is configured such that an amount of water entering the distribution feature <NUM> from the corresponding outlet hole <NUM> is progressively divided into an increasing number of non-pressurized flow paths (or gradually spread over an increasing area) by an increasing number of protrusions or ridges <NUM> in the distribution feature as the water passes from the upstream portion 96A to the midstream portion 96B and on to the downstream portion 96C. In one embodiment, the flow of water is divided into two non-pressurized flow paths in the upstream portion 96A, and is then is divided into an increasing number of non-pressurized flow paths in the midstream portion 96B and then the downstream portion 96C, until the flow of water is evenly spread along the length of the gravity distribution element <NUM> (for example, until the flow of water is evenly spread across all six distribution features <NUM>), which may generally correspond to a width of the corresponding evaporative media pad <NUM>. Thus, the evaporative media pad <NUM> receives an evenly distributed supply of water.

The supply assembly <NUM> includes a pump <NUM> that may be located within the housing <NUM>, such as within the reservoir <NUM>. In one embodiment, the supply assembly <NUM> also includes a first hose 86A and a second hose 86B. A first end of the first hose 86A is coupled to a first pump outlet 98A and a second end of the first hose 86A is coupled to the at least one inlet hole <NUM> in the first water inlet portion 90A. A first end of the second hose 86B is coupled to a second pump outlet 98B and a second end of the second hose 86B is coupled to the at least one inlet hole <NUM> in the second water inlet portion 90B. Thus, in one embodiment, the pump <NUM> is configured to supply water to each of the first 74A and second 74B pressurized water channels.

Unlike currently known water distribution systems, water is effectively pressurized within the enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution systems <NUM> disclosed herein. The pump <NUM> and enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> provide momentum pressure to the water, with the outlet holes <NUM> further metering water flow within the pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> by providing restriction to the water flow. The force created by the pump <NUM> and pressurization of water within the enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM>, in combination with the restriction of the outlet holes <NUM>, provides the water with a high enough flow rate and/or pressure to ensure even distribution throughout the manifold and onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> without relying on gravity alone. Put another way, the delivery of pressurized water from the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> to the gravity distribution element <NUM> gives the water a high enough flow rate that the gravity distribution element <NUM> can be shorter (or thinner) than in currently known systems and still provide the same flow of water to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>.

When the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> is assembled, the distribution assembly <NUM>, which includes the water distribution system lid <NUM> with manifold, manifold cover(s) <NUM>, and gravity distribution element(s) <NUM>, has a height of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). This height is less than that of gravity distribution elements <NUM> of currently known water distribution systems, typically approximately <NUM>. Further, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled, the evaporative cooler <NUM> does not include a header block (for example, a header block having a height of approximately <NUM>-mm) and a gap between the distribution assembly <NUM> and the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> and/or the height or thickness of the water distribution system is reduced. Therefore, the distribution assembly <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> disclosed herein may reduce the overall height required to delivery water to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> by approximately <NUM>. This allows for the use of larger evaporative media pads <NUM> (and, therefore, an increase in the active cooling area of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>) and/or an evaporative cooler <NUM> with smaller dimensions that currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, an interior view of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM> is shown during use. In one configuration, the pump <NUM> intakes water from the reservoir <NUM>, then divides the water into two flow paths: one flow path into a first hose 86A and a second flow path into a second hose 86B. In the first flow path, water flows through the first hose 86A into at least one inlet hole <NUM> in a first water inlet portion 90A. From the at least one inlet hole <NUM>, water in the first flow path flows into a first pressurized water channel 74A of the manifold, and then into a first plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. From the first plurality of outlet holes <NUM>, water in the first flow path flows into a plurality of non-pressurized flow paths created by the plurality of distribution features <NUM> of at least one gravity distribution element <NUM>. Within each distribution feature <NUM>, water is continually divided as it passes from an upstream portion 96A to a midstream portion 96B, then to downstream portion 96C, from where the water is evenly distributed on at least one evaporative media pad <NUM>. In one embodiment, water from the first flow path is distributed onto three of four evaporative media pads <NUM> (for example, onto the entire width of a first evaporative media pad 62A, and onto a portion of the width of each of a third 62C and fourth 62D evaporative media pad). In the second flow path, water flows through the second hose 86B into at least one inlet hole <NUM> in a second water inlet portion 90B. From the at least one inlet hole <NUM>, water in the second flow path flows into a second pressurized water channel 74B of the manifold. Water in the second flow path then flows from the second pressurized water channel 74B through a second plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. From the second plurality of outlet holes <NUM>, water in the second flow path flows into a plurality of non-pressurized flow paths created by a plurality of distribution features <NUM> of at least one gravity distribution element <NUM>. Within each distribution feature <NUM>, water is continually divided as it passes from an upstream portion 96A to a midstream portion 96B, then to downstream portion 96C, from where the water is evenly distributed on at least one evaporative media pad <NUM>. In one embodiment, water from the second flow path is distributed onto three of four evaporative media pads <NUM> (for example, onto the entire width of a second evaporative media pad 62B, and onto a portion of the width of each of the third 62C and fourth 62D evaporative media pads). Thus, the collective amount of water flowing through the two flow paths is evenly distributed onto all four evaporative media pads <NUM>.

Referring now to <FIG>, the second embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> including a pressurized water distribution system <NUM> according to the invention is shown. In addition to the pressurized water distribution system <NUM>, the evaporative cooler <NUM> generally includes a housing <NUM> with a housing lid <NUM> and a reservoir <NUM>, and an internal retaining frame <NUM> configured to retain at least one evaporative media pad <NUM>. The housing lid <NUM> may define a least a top surface <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>, and may optionally further define at least one side surface <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>. In one embodiment, the housing lid <NUM> is a unitary structure composed of a single piece of material and defines a top surface <NUM> and four side surfaces <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>, and is coupled to, and, optionally, in contact with, the reservoir <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled. Further, as discussed in greater detail below, in one embodiment, the housing lid <NUM> also includes a plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> (put another way, the housing lid is perforated on the top surface <NUM> and, in some embodiments, at least one of the four side surfaces <NUM>). The evaporative cooler <NUM> also includes a fan <NUM> and fan motor <NUM> at least partially located within an aperture in the reservoir <NUM> that is connected to ductwork into the building or structure on which the evaporative cooler <NUM> is mounted. Although not shown in <FIG>, the second embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> may further include additional components, such one or more sensors, electronic controls, float valves, filters, belts, pulleys, an auxiliary pump for draining the reservoir, ductwork, roof jacks, and/or other system components.

Referring to <FIG>, the second embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> having a pressurized water distribution system <NUM> according to the invention is shown without the housing lid <NUM>. Similar to the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> of the first embodiment of an evaporative cooler <NUM> shown in <FIG>, the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> of the second embodiment of an evaporative cooler <NUM> shown in <FIG> generally includes a distribution assembly <NUM> and a supply assembly <NUM>. The distribution assembly <NUM> includes a pressurized flow path portion and a non-pressurized flow path portion. The distribution assembly <NUM> includes a water distribution system lid <NUM> including or defining a pressurized manifold that includes at least one pressurized water channel <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>), and also including or defining at least one gravity distribution water channel <NUM> that is not pressurized. The non-pressurized gravity distribution channel(s) <NUM> are in fluid communication with at least one pressurized water channel <NUM>. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> has a first (upper) surface <NUM> and a second (lower) surface <NUM>, the upper surface <NUM> including or defining a plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> and the water distribution system lid <NUM> further including or defining a plurality of pressurized water channels <NUM> extending between the upper <NUM> and lower <NUM> surfaces. A first configuration or pattern of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> is shown in <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, and a second configuration or pattern of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> is shown in <FIG>. As the water distribution system lid <NUM> is manufactured to include a plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> without the need for additional components, the water distribution system lid <NUM> may be referred to as including integrated gravity distribution elements. The water distribution system lid <NUM> also includes a plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid <NUM> has a rectangular, or at least substantially rectangular, shape, with a first side 140A defining a first outer edge 142A and first inner edge 144A, a second side 140B defining a second outer edge 142B and second inner edge 144B, a third side 140C defining a third outer edge 142C and third inner edge 144C, and a fourth side 140D defining a fourth outer edge 142D and fourth inner edge 144D, which sides surround a center aperture <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>). In one embodiment, the first 140A and second 140B sides are longer than the third 140C and fourth 140D sides. In one embodiment, the water distribution system lid includes eight outlet holes <NUM>, with three outlet holes <NUM> being in each of the longer first 140A and second 140B sides and one outlet hole <NUM> being in each of the shorter third 140C and fourth 140D sides. However, it will be understood that the water distribution system lid <NUM> may include any suitable number and/or configuration of outlet holes <NUM>. Each outlet hole <NUM> has a diameter that is large enough to prevent or reduce the likelihood of blockage by sediment or other particulates in the water being circulated through the pressurized water distribution system. In one embodiment, each outlet hole <NUM> has a diameter of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). In another embodiment, each outlet hole <NUM> has a diameter of between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>).

The water distribution system lid <NUM> also includes at least one water supply channel <NUM> that is included in, defined by, retained within, coupled to, or otherwise on or in the lower surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. The water supply channel <NUM> is pressurized, and therefore may be referred to as being part of the pressurized manifold. The water supply channel(s) <NUM> includes at least one inlet hole (not shown) and at least one outlet hole (not shown), such that each of the at least one outlet hole of the water supply channel <NUM> is in fluid communication with a corresponding one of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> in the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the lower surface of the water distribution system lid <NUM> defines a water supply channel <NUM> that completely or at least partially surrounds the center aperture <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In such a configuration, the water distribution system lid <NUM> further includes a water supply channel cover <NUM> that is sized and configured to enclose the water supply channel(s) such that water may enter the water supply channel <NUM> only through the at least one inlet hole and water may exit the water supply channel <NUM> only through the plurality of outlet holes (from where the water passes into the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> in the water distribution system lid <NUM>), as discussed above regarding the first embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM>. The water supply channel cover <NUM> may be composed of a compressible or semi-compressible, resilient material, such as rubber, silicone rubber, foam, neoprene, or the like. In one embodiment, the water supply channel cover <NUM> is an elongate piece of rubber, foam, or similar material that at least partially received within the water supply channel(s) <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>. Further, the water supply channel cover <NUM> is configured to be removably coupled to the water distribution system lid <NUM>, such as by friction fit, clamps, or other suitable methods of attachment, to facilitate removal, repair, replacement, and/or cleaning of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In another embodiment (not shown), the water supply channel is a hose or tubing that includes at least one inlet hole and at least one outlet hole. For example, the water supply channel <NUM> may be coupled to affixed to the lower surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, and may include a plurality of outlet holes each being configured to align with a corresponding one of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> when the distribution assembly 124is assembled. In this configuration, the water supply channel <NUM> may be tubing composed of a flexible and resilient material, such as rubber, silicone rubber, flexible plastic, or the like. In either embodiment, the distribution assembly <NUM> optionally further includes an inlet conduit <NUM> that is in fluid communication with the water supply channel <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the upper surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> defines a dome, hump, or other raised area <NUM> at each of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM>. In one embodiment, the upper surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> further defines a plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> that are symmetrically or asymmetrically radially arranged around the base or border of each raised area <NUM>, and extend to an inner edge <NUM> and an outer edge <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> that are proximate the raised area <NUM> from which they extend. Additionally or alternatively, the non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> extend over the raised areas <NUM> from a location proximate or immediately proximate each outlet hole <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>).

According to the invention, the water distribution system lid <NUM> further includes a cap <NUM> at each of the plurality of outlet holes <NUM> that is sized and configured to fit over at least a portion of the raised area <NUM>, at least over the outlet hole <NUM>. In fact, the outlet holes <NUM> are obscured in by the caps <NUM> in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>. <FIG> shows an outlet hole without a cap <NUM> for illustration, although it will be understood that a cap <NUM> may be included when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is in use. The cap helps evenly distribute and direct water flowing from the outlet hole <NUM> into the plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> extending from the raised area <NUM> surrounding the outlet hole <NUM>. The caps <NUM> may be removably coupled to the water distribution system lid <NUM>, such as by a hinge and lock, friction fit, clamp, or other suitable mechanical coupling. In one embodiment, shown in <FIG>, each cap <NUM> is a quick-release cap that is easily secured and removed from the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, each cap <NUM> includes threading on an inner surface (not shown) that is rotatably engageable with a complementary threading on the upper surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> (for example, the threading may be on the raised areas <NUM> surrounding each outlet hole <NUM>), such that the caps <NUM> may be screwed onto, and thereby secured to, the water distribution system lid <NUM> by rotating the caps <NUM> in a clockwise direction. <FIG> shows the cap <NUM> in a first or locked position. Likewise, the caps <NUM> may be removed or disengaged from the water distribution system lid <NUM> to expose the outlet holes <NUM> by rotating the caps <NUM> in a counterclockwise direction. <FIG> shows the cap <NUM> in a second or unlocked position. Additionally or alternatively, each cap includes at least one hooked portion <NUM> that radially extends from the cap <NUM> and is engageable with a corresponding post <NUM> that protrudes from the upper surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, each cap <NUM> includes a pair of opposing hooked portions <NUM> (that is, two hooked portions <NUM> that extend from the cap <NUM> at locations that are approximately <NUM>° from each other) and the upper surface <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> includes a pair of opposing posts <NUM> (that is, two posts <NUM> that are approximately <NUM>° from each other). Each hooked portion <NUM> is sized and configured to securely engage a corresponding post <NUM>, such as by friction fit. Additionally or alternatively, each post <NUM> may have a groove 157A that is sized and configured to receive a finger protrusion 157B on corresponding hook portion <NUM>. Additionally or alternatively, each post <NUM> may have a flange at the free end that has a larger outer diameter than the aperture formed by the corresponding hooked portion <NUM> and prevents the corresponding hooked portion <NUM> from separating from the post <NUM> unless the cap <NUM> is rotated in a counterclockwise direction. In this manner, each cap <NUM> may be quickly and easily removed for cleaning the holes <NUM>, gravity distribution water channels <NUM>, the caps <NUM> themselves, and/or other components.

As is shown in <FIG>, the water distribution system lid <NUM> is located directly adjacent to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. Put another way, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> are located directly subjacent the water distribution system lid <NUM>, without a header, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is in use. In one embodiment, the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes at least four evaporative media pads <NUM>, with one evaporative media pad <NUM> being directly beneath one of the sides <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM>. The internal retaining frame <NUM> and water distribution system lid <NUM> may be configured such that the water distribution system lid <NUM> is located a predetermined distance from the upper edge or top of each of the evaporative media pads <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is less than <NUM>.

Referring again to <FIG>, the supply assembly <NUM> includes a pump <NUM> that may be located within the housing <NUM>, such as within the reservoir <NUM>, and at least one hose <NUM>. In one embodiment, the supply assembly <NUM> includes a first hose 159A and a second hose 159B, each having a first end coupled to an outlet of the pump <NUM> and a second end coupled to the inlet conduit <NUM> of the distribution assembly <NUM>. Alternatively, if the distribution assembly <NUM> does not include an inlet conduit <NUM>, the second end of each hose <NUM> is instead coupled to an inlet of the pressurized manifold.

During use, the pump <NUM> intakes water from the reservoir <NUM>, which may surround the aperture, then delivers the water to the hose(s) <NUM>, from where the water flows into the water supply channel <NUM>. From the water supply channel <NUM>, the water flows through the outlet holes <NUM> in the water distribution system lid <NUM>, and is then evenly distributed into the plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> extending from the raised areas <NUM> surrounding the outlet holes <NUM>. Water then flows from the non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels <NUM> over or through the inner <NUM> and outer <NUM> edges of the water distribution system lid <NUM>, and onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>.

Unlike currently known water distribution systems, water is effectively pressurized within the enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution systems <NUM> disclosed herein. The pump <NUM> and enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM> provide momentum pressure to the water, with the outlet holes <NUM> further metering water flow within the pressurized water supply channel(s) <NUM> by providing restriction to the water flow. The force created by the pump <NUM> and pressurization of water within the enclosed pressurized water channel(s) <NUM>, in combination with the restriction of the outlet holes <NUM>, provides the water with a high enough flow rate and/or pressure to ensure even distribution without relying on gravity alone.

When the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> is assembled, the distribution assembly <NUM> has a height of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). This height is less than that of gravity distribution elements of currently known water distribution systems, which are typically approximately <NUM>. Further, when the evaporative cooler <NUM> is assembled, the evaporative cooler <NUM> does not include a header block (for example, a header block having a height of approximately <NUM>-mm) and has a thinner water distribution system. Therefore, the distribution assembly <NUM> of the pressurized water distribution system <NUM> disclosed herein may reduce the overall height required to delivery water to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> by approximately <NUM>. This allows for the use of larger evaporative media pads <NUM> (and, therefore, an increase in the active cooling area of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>) and/or an evaporative cooler <NUM> with smaller dimensions that currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>. Additionally or alternatively, this configuration may also allow for the use of additional or supplemental evaporative media pads 112A.

As is most clearly seen in <FIG> and <FIG>, in one embodiment, the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A within a chamber <NUM> defined by the outer or primary evaporative media pads <NUM>. Unless specifically distinguished, the reference number <NUM> may be used herein to generally refer to both primary and supplemental evaporative media pads for simplicity. The supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A are smaller than the primary evaporative media pads <NUM>, and are sized and configured to be located directly above the fan <NUM>. In one embodiment, the internal retaining frame <NUM> is configured to retain the supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A such that they are canted or arranged at an angle relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the water distribution system lid <NUM>. The supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A may be arranged at the same or different angles as each other relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the water distribution system lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes two supplemental evaporative media pads 112A that are arranged in a "V" shape relative to each other. Further, the internal retaining frame <NUM> is configured to retain the supplemental evaporative media pads 112A such that they are aligned with and immediately beneath the water distribution system lid <NUM>, and such that water flowing over at least the first inner edge 144A and the second inner edge 144B of the water distribution system lid <NUM> is distributed onto the supplemental evaporative media pads 112A (for example, as shown in <FIG>). Likewise, the internal retaining frame <NUM> may be further configured to retain the primary evaporative media pads <NUM> in a vertical position and/or in a canted position. In one embodiment, at least one of the primary evaporative media pads <NUM> is retained at an angle relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the water distribution system lid <NUM> (for example, as shown in <FIG>).

If the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes canted evaporative media pad(s) (primary <NUM> and/or supplemental 112A), there is a risk that the gravity and/or airflow passing over the canted evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> will pull water downward from the canted evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, and that the water will travel through the ductwork into the building or structure on which the evaporative cooler <NUM> is mounted. This may cause damage to the building or structure, and can undesirably increase humidity of the air being delivered to the interior of the building and/or present algae, mold, and mildew problems within the ductwork. To retain water within the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, in one embodiment, the internal retaining frame <NUM> includes angled louvers <NUM> that are configured to direct water back into the evaporative media pads <NUM>. The internal retaining frame <NUM> is manufactured such that the angle of the angled louvers <NUM> is suitable for the mounting angle of the canted evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, the internal retaining frame <NUM> may be configured to retain an evaporative media pad <NUM> at an angle of <NUM>° relative to horizontal, and each angled louver <NUM> extending from the downward-facing surface of the evaporative media pad <NUM> may have an angle α<NUM> of approximately <NUM>° (± <NUM>°) relative to the downward-facing surface of the evaporative media pad <NUM>, and each angled louver <NUM> extending from the upward-facing surface of the evaporative media pad <NUM> may have an angle α<NUM> of approximately <NUM>° (± <NUM>°) relative to the upward-facing surface of the evaporative media pad <NUM> (as shown in <FIG>). If gravity and/or airflow passing over the evaporative media pad <NUM> pulls water downward from the surface of the evaporative media pad <NUM>, the water will be collected by the angled louvers <NUM> and, via gravity, will be returned to the evaporative media pad instead of being released downward into the fan and/or ductwork.

Use of supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A increases the active cooling area and cooling capacity of the evaporative cooler <NUM>. To maximize exposure of all evaporative media pads <NUM>, and in particular of the supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A, in some embodiments, the housing <NUM> includes a perforated housing lid <NUM> having a plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> on at least the top surface <NUM> and, in some embodiments, at least one of the side surfaces <NUM>. In some embodiments, the side surfaces <NUM> of the housing lid <NUM> and/or housing <NUM> include vents, apertures, holes, inlets, or other airflow inlets or openings <NUM> in addition to or instead of the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> (that is, the perforation of the top surface <NUM>). In one embodiment, at least some of the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> in the top surface <NUM> of the housing lid <NUM> have a diameter that is less than at least one of the other airflow inlets <NUM> in the side surface(s) <NUM>. Further, the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> may have the same or different diameters. For example, the airflow inlets <NUM> may have a gradient of decreasing inner diameters, with the airflow inlets <NUM> located at or proximate the center of the top surface <NUM> having a larger diameter than the airflow inlets <NUM> located at or proximate the edges of the top surface <NUM>. In one embodiment, the airflow inlets <NUM> at or proximate the center of the top surface <NUM> each have a diameter of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>) and the airflow inlets <NUM> at or proximate the edges of the top surface <NUM> each have a diameter of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>). Airflow inlets <NUM> in between the center and the edges of the top surface <NUM> have a gradient or range of diameters between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>, such that the airflow inlets <NUM> have an aesthetically pleasing appearance and give the impression of a smooth gradient between airflow inlets <NUM> with an ever-increasing diameter. In one embodiment, the larger airflow inlets <NUM> at or proximate the center of the top surface <NUM> are aligned with the center aperture <NUM> of the water distribution system lid <NUM> and/or the area of air intake, thereby maximizing the amount of air that enters the evaporative cooler <NUM> and the exposure of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> to air flowing in through the top surface <NUM> of the lid <NUM>. Further, in one embodiment, the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> are arranged such that the center points of adjacent airflow inlets <NUM> are spaced at a distance of approximately <NUM> (± <NUM>), regardless of the diameter of the airflow inlets <NUM>. In one embodiment, all of the airflow inlets <NUM>, or at least the airflow inlets <NUM> at or proximate the edges of the top surface <NUM>, smaller and/or are more densely arranged than other airflow inlets <NUM>, such as slits or other apertures, and are small enough to prevent leaves and other debris from entering the evaporative cooler <NUM> through the perforated lid <NUM>, but are large enough and numerous enough to allow sufficient airflow to pass therethrough. In one embodiment the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> are arranged in a pattern, such as radially arranged about a center point or arranged in a grid. In another embodiment, the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> are randomly arranged or scattered. Each of the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> may have any cross-sectional shape, such as circular, square, polygonal (for example, hexagonal), oval, or the like. However, it will be understood that the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> may have any size, shape, or configuration that allows air to enter the evaporative cooler <NUM> through the top surface <NUM> of the lid <NUM>.

As is shown in <FIG>, rotation of the fan <NUM> draws air into the housing <NUM>, and in contact with the evaporative media pads <NUM>, through the perforated housing lid <NUM>, such as through the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> in the top surface <NUM> and/or plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> and/or other airflow inlets <NUM> in at least one of the side surfaces <NUM>. Currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> are incapable of providing the cooling capacity of the evaporative cooler <NUM> having a pressurized water distribution system <NUM>, as currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> have a taller water distribution component that reduces room within the housing <NUM>. As such, the housing cannot accommodate supplemental evaporative media pad(s). Further, currently known water distribution components would block air intake through the lid. Therefore, even if a currently known evaporative cooler <NUM> included supplemental evaporative media pad(s), cooling capacity would still be limited by the maximum air intake through the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM> only. As the water distribution system lid <NUM> of the second embodiment of the evaporative cooler <NUM> includes a center aperture <NUM>, air may flow through both the perforated housing lid <NUM> and the water distribution system lid <NUM>, in addition to through the side surfaces <NUM> of the housing <NUM>, and into contact with the primary <NUM> and supplemental 112A evaporative media pads.

Referring now to <FIG>, an internal retaining frame <NUM> is shown that maximizes exposure of evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> to airflow. This internal retaining frame <NUM> may be used in either the first <NUM> or second <NUM> embodiment of evaporative cooler shown and described herein. Further, the internal retaining frame <NUM> optionally may include angled louvers <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>. In addition to the limitations discussed above, exposure of evaporative media pad to airflow is further limited in currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> by the way in which evaporative media pad are attached within the housing <NUM>. For example, as shown in <FIG>, evaporative media pads <NUM> in currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> are attached directly to an inner surface of the housing <NUM> (or, put another way, the retaining frame <NUM> defines the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM>). As a result of this configuration, the evaporative media pads <NUM> do not extend below the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM> down into the reservoir <NUM>, where the evaporative media pads <NUM> would be in contact with water within the reservoir <NUM>. Additionally, even if a portion of the evaporative media pads <NUM> did extend below the sides of the housing, the lack of airflow holes in the reservoir <NUM> of the housing <NUM> means that such a portion would not be exposed to airflow, since the evaporative media pads <NUM> are attached directly to the housing <NUM>. Thus, this gap <NUM> between the bottom of the evaporative media pads <NUM> and the bottom of the reservoir <NUM> represents wasted space that produces no cooling effect.

In contrast, the internal retaining frame <NUM> of another example of the present disclosure is configured to allow the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> to extend to the bottom of the reservoir <NUM> and also to expose the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> to airflow. In particular, the internal retaining frame <NUM> is configured to position the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> a distance from the inner surface of the sides <NUM> of the housing <NUM> such that the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> are not only not directly coupled to the inner surface of the housing <NUM>, but there is also a gap <NUM> between the inner surface of the side surfaces <NUM> of the housing <NUM> and the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> through which air may circulate. For example, in this configuration the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> may be exposed to a greater amount of airflow than in currently known evaporative coolers. In one non-limiting example, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> may be exposed to airflow entering the evaporative cooler through the plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> in the top surface <NUM> and/or plurality of airflow inlets <NUM> and/or other airflow inlets <NUM> in at least one of the side surfaces <NUM>. In one embodiment, the gap <NUM> is approximately <NUM>. Additionally, the water surrounding a portion of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> creates a seal to prevent air bypass around the bottom of the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> instead of through the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, which would reduce evaporation of water within the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> and, therefore, cooling capacity.

The internal retaining frame <NUM> is sized and configured to fit within the housing <NUM>. In one embodiment, the internal retaining frame <NUM> includes four sides <NUM> that form a box configuration, each side <NUM> having a plurality of inner louvers <NUM>, which may be angled. A first (or rear) side 168A of the internal retaining frame <NUM> and a second (or front) side 168B opposite the first side 168A of the internal retaining frame <NUM> each include a removable retaining frame component <NUM> for retaining the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>. The removable retaining frame components <NUM> include outer louvers <NUM>, which may be angled. A third side 168C extending between the first 168A and second 168B sides and a fourth side 168D opposite the third side 168C and extending between the first 168A and second 168B sides each includes a border region <NUM>. The border region <NUM> of each of the third 168C and fourth 168D sides includes one or more clips <NUM> or other components for retaining an evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> within the border region <NUM> and in contact with the inner louvers <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrate an exemplary method of installing an evaporative media pad <NUM> to the first 168A and second 168B sides of the internal retaining frame <NUM>. An evaporative media pad <NUM> may be placed on each of the first 168A and second 168B side of the internal retaining frame <NUM>, with a first side of the evaporative media pad <NUM> being in contact with the inner louvers <NUM>. Removable retaining frame components <NUM> are then positioned so that the outer louvers <NUM> are in contact with the second side of each the evaporative media pad <NUM>, thereby sandwiching the evaporative media pads <NUM> between the first 168A and second 168B side of the internal retaining frame <NUM> and the removable retaining frame components <NUM>. The removable retaining frame components <NUM> are configured to be removably attachable to the first 168A and second 168B sides of the internal retaining frame <NUM>, such as by one or more clips, clamps, hinges, or other suitable mechanical couplings, thereby securing the evaporative media pad <NUM> within the internal retaining frame <NUM>. An evaporative media pad <NUM> is then be positioned within the border region of each of the third 168C and fourth 168D sides of the internal retaining frame <NUM>, where the evaporative media pads <NUM> are secured by the clips <NUM> within the border regions <NUM>. Additionally, if supplemental evaporative media pad(s) 112A are used, the internal retaining frame <NUM> also includes a central structure <NUM> for retaining the supplemental evaporative media pads 112A (for example, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>).

Thus, the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> are securely positioned within the housing <NUM>, but are not directly coupled to the housing <NUM>. Consequently, a single-piece (unitary) housing lid <NUM> may be used, as shown in <FIG>. In one embodiment, the single-piece housing lid <NUM> defines the top surface <NUM> and four side surfaces <NUM> of the housing <NUM> and is coupled to the reservoir <NUM> by one or more hinges, snaps, clamps, or other suitable connecting elements <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, the lid <NUM> is hingedly connected to the reservoir <NUM> on one edge of the lid <NUM>. Manufacture and assembly of a housing <NUM> with the single-piece housing lid <NUM> is less complex (for example, because a single-piece housing lid <NUM> does not require an evaporative pad retaining frame sub-assembly), reduces the number of housing components required, reduces weight and cost, and may provide aesthetic advantages over housings of currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>. Further, the single-piece housing lid <NUM> may be perforated (may include a plurality of airflow inlets <NUM>) to allow airflow downward through the housing lid, as discussed above.

As discussed above, advantageous features of the pressurized water distribution system according to the present invention, allows for an evaporative cooler having smaller dimensions, increased cooling capacity, and a more attractive appearance. To further enhance the aesthetics of the evaporative cooler, and to provide other advantages discussed below, the evaporative cooler may be configured to be mounted close to, and follow the contour of, a roof or other mounting surface.

Referring to <FIG>, currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> are shown mounted to a roof <NUM>. Each of these currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> is mounted a distance from the roof <NUM>, exposing the roof jack, ductwork, and/or dropper <NUM>. Such mounting is required for currently known evaporative coolers, as the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM> must be in a vertical position (that is, in a position that is parallel to, or at an angle of <NUM>°) relative to the direction of gravitational flow of water from the gravity distribution element. To achieve even distribution of water onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>, the currently known evaporative cooler <NUM> must be mounted such that the lid <NUM> is horizontal. Although some currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>, such as that shown in <FIG>, include an angled reservoir <NUM> that comes closer to matching the contour of the roof <NUM>, they still have an angular/boxy appearance and exposed ductwork and/or dropper <NUM>. Additionally, electrical and plumbing conduits <NUM> to the currently known evaporative coolers <NUM> run on the outside of the roof <NUM>, which is unattractive and exposes the conduits <NUM> to weather and damage.

Referring now to <FIG>, an evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is shown that has a low profile and follows the contour of the roof <NUM> on which it is mounted. Put another way, in some embodiments the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is positioned relative to the roof <NUM> (or other surface) such that an observer on the ground perceives no or little distance between the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> and the roof <NUM>, thereby giving the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> an unobtrusive and visually appealing appearance. As discussed above, use of a pressurized water distribution system <NUM>/<NUM> allows the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to be installed at angles of up to between approximately <NUM>° and approximately <NUM>° from horizontal and still allow for even distribution of water over the evaporative media pads <NUM>/<NUM> within. In one embodiment, the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is mounted to the roof <NUM> of a building or structure using a dropper <NUM>, such as a dropper <NUM> shown in <FIG>. The dropper <NUM> simplifies installation and automatically levels the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> for even water distribution onto the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>/<NUM>. Further, in some embodiments the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is positioned relative to the roof <NUM> such no part of the dropper <NUM> is visible to an observer on the ground.

In one embodiment, the dropper <NUM> is configured to position the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, when mounted to the dropper <NUM>, such that the entire bottom of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> (bottom of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>) is parallel to and separated by a predetermined distance from the planar roof <NUM> or top surface of the building/structure. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>.

For simplicity of illustration, the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is referred to herein as being mounted to a roof <NUM> of a building, regardless of the actual surface and/or structure to which the evaporative cooler is mounted. Further, it will be understood that if the portion of the roof <NUM> directly beneath the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is not a planar surface, the dropper <NUM> is configured to position the entire bottom of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> at the predetermined distance from the plane in which the portion of the roof <NUM> lies. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is no more than <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>. In one embodiment, the predetermined distance is between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>.

The predetermined distance between the bottom of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> and the roof <NUM> and/or the mounting angle of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> may be determined at least in part by the dimensions and configuration of the housing <NUM>/<NUM>. For example, the housing <NUM>/<NUM> may include at least a front height HF, a rear height HR, a bottom width W, an angle αR between the rear surface 66B/116B and the plane of the roof <NUM>, and an angle αF between the front surface 66A/116A and the plane of the roof <NUM> (as shown in <FIG>). In one non-limiting example, the rear surface 66A/116A of the evaporative cooler housing <NUM>/<NUM> may have a height HR of approximately <NUM>, the front surface 66A/116A of the evaporative cooler housing <NUM>/<NUM> may have a height HF of approximately <NUM>, and the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler (the bottom surface of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>) may have a width W of approximately <NUM>. Further, the dropper <NUM> may be further configured to position the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> such that the entire bottom surface of the evaporative cooler is a distance of approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM> from the plane of the roof <NUM> surface, with the rear surface 66B/116B of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> lying in a plane that is oriented at an angle αR of approximately <NUM>° (± <NUM>°) from the plane of the roof <NUM> and the front surface 66A/116A of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> lying in a plane that is oriented at an angle αF of approximately <NUM>° (± <NUM>°) from the plane of the roof <NUM>. However, it will be understood that the predetermined distance may have another suitable value, such as no more than <NUM>; no more than <NUM>; no more than <NUM>; between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>; between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>; and between approximately <NUM> and approximately <NUM>. This low-profile configuration of the mounted evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> may provide a better visual appearance than configurations of mounted currently known evaporative coolers <NUM>. Further, the pressurized water distribution system <NUM>/<NUM> within the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> will still provide even water distribution to the evaporative media pad(s) <NUM>/<NUM>, even when the roof is pitched by an angle of up to approximately <NUM>° form horizontal.

In another embodiment, the dropper <NUM> is configured to position the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, when mounted to the dropper <NUM>, such that the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler (the bottom surface of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>) is a varying distance from the roof <NUM> (that is, the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler is not parallel to the roof <NUM>), as may be required for roofs having a very steep pitch (such as greater than approximately <NUM>° from horizontal) to maintain even water distribution onto the evaporative media pads <NUM>/<NUM>. For example, the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler proximate the rear surface 66B/116B may be approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM> from the roof <NUM> surface, whereas the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler proximate the front surface 66A/116A may be approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM> from the roof <NUM> surface.

To further enhance the visual appearance of the mounted evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> of the housing <NUM>/<NUM> is, in some embodiments, darker than the housing lid <NUM>/<NUM> to provide visual separation. Further, the housing <NUM>/<NUM> and/or housing lid <NUM>/<NUM> (for example, if the housing lid <NUM>/<NUM> is a single-piece lid that defines the sides and top of the housing <NUM>/<NUM>) may be constructed so that no visible surface is parallel to the roof <NUM> and/or roof features.

As shown in <FIG>, the dropper <NUM> is sized and configured to fit within an opening in the roof <NUM> and to be attached thereto. The dropper <NUM> generally includes a neck portion <NUM> defining an aperture <NUM>, a mounting surface <NUM> at a first end (an end of the dropper that extends above the roof <NUM>), one or more conduit apertures <NUM>, and one or more mounting elements <NUM> in, on, or integrated with the mounting surface <NUM>. The neck portion <NUM> may have a circular, square, rectangular, or other cross-sectional shape. In one embodiment, the neck portion <NUM> is configured to extend above the roof <NUM> by approximately <NUM> to approximately <NUM> around an entire circumference or perimeter of the neck portion <NUM>. In another embodiment, the neck portion <NUM> is configured to extend from the roof <NUM> by varying distances around the circumference or perimeter of the neck portion <NUM>, to allow the lid <NUM>/<NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, when mounted to the dropper, to be maintained at an angle of between approximately <NUM>° and approximately <NUM>° from horizontal, regardless of the pitch of the roof <NUM>.

The mounting surface <NUM> may be a flange or flat surface extending outward from (or orthogonal to) the neck portion <NUM>, providing a surface on which the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler housing <NUM>/<NUM> may be supported. The mounting surface <NUM> includes one or more mounting elements <NUM> for securely but removably coupling the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to the dropper <NUM> and, thereby, the roof. In one embodiment, the mounting surface <NUM> includes a plurality of mounting elements <NUM> that extend upward from the mounting surface <NUM> (that is, that extend toward the bottom surface of the evaporative cooler housing). Although not shown, the bottom surface and/or the side surfaces of the evaporative cooler housing may include a plurality of corresponding mounting elements that are configured to lockingly engage with the plurality of mounting elements <NUM> on the mounting surface <NUM>. These engageable mounting elements <NUM> simplify installation and removal of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> by enabling quick and easy coupling and uncoupling of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to the dropper <NUM>.

When installing the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, the electrical and plumbing conduits may be fed through the conduit apertures <NUM> in the dropper <NUM> from within the building or structure to the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. Passing these conduits through the dropper <NUM> to the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> eliminates the need to pass the conduits to the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> on the surface of the roof <NUM> and outside the building or structure, which can not only greatly enhance the visual appearance of the mounted evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, but also reduce or prevent damage to the conduits by weather and other hazards. The neck portion <NUM> further includes a second end opposite the first end, which is configured to be in communication with or coupled to internal ductwork within the building or structure. The neck portion <NUM> further includes one or more securing points <NUM> for securing the dropper <NUM> to the building or structure.

Referring now to <FIG>, a weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> for an evaporative cooler is shown. In one embodiment, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> may be used with an evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> such as those described herein. The weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> generally includes at least one flap assembly <NUM>. <FIG> shows a weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> positioned within a dropper <NUM> (for example, <NUM>, the dropper shown in <FIG>), as viewed through the aperture <NUM>, with the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> being in a closed position. <FIG> shows a side view of the weatherproof sealing assembly in the closed position. <FIG> shows a flap assembly <NUM> in a first open position and <FIG> shows a side view of the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> in the first open position. <FIG> shows the flap assembly <NUM> in a second open position and <FIG> shows a side view of the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> in the second open position.

Continuing to refer to <FIG>, in one embodiment the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> includes a first flap assembly 202A and a second flap assembly 202B, and the first and second flap assemblies 202A, 202B are secured within the dropper <NUM> such that the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> spans at least one aperture of the dropper <NUM> and the first and second flap assemblies 202A, 202B are in contact with each other to prevent the flow of air or liquid therethrough when the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> is in a closed position. In one embodiment, in the closed position the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> lies in a plane that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the dropper <NUM> (as shown in <FIG>). In another embodiment, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> lies in a plane that is parallel or at least substantially parallel to the area of the roof <NUM> to which the dropper <NUM> and evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> are attached. In one non-limiting example, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> may be in the closed position when the fan <NUM> is off and the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is not in use. As is discussed in greater detail below, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> is transitionable between any of the closed position (shown in <FIG>), the first open position (shown in <FIG>), and the second open position (shown in <FIG>), depending on the state of operation of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. For example, when the state of operation of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is a normal mode, that is, the fan <NUM> operates in a first or forward direction to draw air into the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> and pass the air into the building to which the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is attached, the flap assemblies 202A, 202B are in the first open position so the air can pass therethrough in the direction indicated by the large open arrow in the center of <FIG>. Further, when the state of operation of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is reverse mode, that is, the fan <NUM> operates in a second or reverse direction to draw air from the building and out of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, the flap assemblies 202A, 202B are in the second open position so the air can pass therethrough in the direction indicated by the large open arrow in the center of <FIG>.

In one embodiment, each flap assembly <NUM> includes a frame portion <NUM> hingedly connected to the dropper <NUM> (or other component of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> and/or the building to which the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is attached) and a flap <NUM> hingedly connected to the frame portion <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, the flap assembly <NUM> has a generally rectangular shape with four edges 208A-208D and a longitudinal axis <NUM>, and the flap <NUM> defines at least one edge 208C of the flap assembly <NUM> when the flap assembly <NUM> is in the closed position or the first open position. Further, in one embodiment the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> each define at least one conduit (in one embodiment, at least one tubular conduit) such that the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> together define a tubular rod conduit <NUM> extending along an axis (referred to herein as the axis of rotation <NUM>) parallel to the longitudinal axis <NUM> of the flap assembly <NUM> from a first edge 208A to an opposite second edge 208B. In one embodiment, the rod conduit <NUM> has a circular, or at least substantially circular, cross-sectional shape and extends through the flap <NUM> at an eccentric or off-center location. To assemble the flap assembly <NUM>, a rod <NUM> is inserted into the rod conduit <NUM>, thereby coupling the flap <NUM> to the frame portion <NUM> and the frame portion <NUM> to the dropper <NUM>, with the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> each being independently rotatable about the axis of rotation <NUM> relative to the dropper <NUM> and to each other. When the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> is assembled, the axis of rotation of the first flap assembly 202A and the axis of rotation of the second flap assembly 202B are parallel or at least substantially parallel. In one embodiment, each flap assembly <NUM> has a tapered cross-sectional shape, with the narrower end including at least a portion of the flap <NUM> and at least a portion of the frame portion <NUM> and the thicker end including only the frame portion <NUM>. However, it will be understood that the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM>, flap assemblies <NUM>, and/or flaps <NUM> may have any size, shape, or configuration that allows the flaps <NUM> to be transitionable between the open positions and the closed position and that, when the flaps <NUM> are in a closed position, allows the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> to prevent the passage of water and debris through the dropper <NUM> and into the building, and that, when the flaps <NUM> are in the first or second open position, allows the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> to allow air to pass therethrough in either direction.

Continuing to refer to <FIG>, both the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> are independently rotatable relative to each other and relative to the dropper <NUM>. In one embodiment the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> is coupled to the dropper <NUM> a t a location that is inside the dropper, such as within the neck portion <NUM> at a location that is at or proximate the aperture <NUM> below the fan <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is installed on a roof of a building. When installed into the dropper <NUM>, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> extends across an entirety, or substantially an entirety, of an inner diameter of the dropper <NUM>, and with the edges 208C of each flap assembly <NUM> being adjacent or in contact with each other. When the flaps <NUM> are in the closed position (shown in <FIG>), the frame portions <NUM> and the flaps <NUM> of the first and second flap assemblies 202A, 202B are coplanar or at least substantially coplanar to prevent water and debris from passing through the dropper <NUM> and into the building to which the evaporative cooler is attached. When the frame portions <NUM> and/or the flaps <NUM> are in an open position (shown in <FIG>), the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> defines an opening and the frame portion <NUM> and the flaps <NUM> are not coplanar. Thus, each flap assembly may be said to have a "flap within a flap" configuration.

Continuing to refer to <FIG>, if the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is operated in a normal mode, the flap assemblies 202A, 202B are rotated about the axis of rotation <NUM> downward (toward the building and away from the housing <NUM>/<NUM>) relative to the plane in which the flap assemblies 202A, 202B lie when the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> is in the closed position, as indicated by the smaller open arrows in <FIG>. Put another way, the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> of each flap assembly <NUM> are coplanar and rotated together as a single unit about the axis of rotation <NUM> to create an aperture through which air, such as air cooled by the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> may be drawn downward and into the building. Each flap assembly <NUM> is rotated relative to the plane in which the flap assembly <NUM> lies when in the closed position. Further, when the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is operated in the normal mode, the first flap assembly 202A and the second flap assembly 202B are angled relative to each other and are not coplanar.

If the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is operated in a reverse mode, the frame portion <NUM> and the flap <NUM> of each flap assembly <NUM> are rotated independently of each other. In the reverse mode, the flap assemblies 202A, 202B are positioned such that the frame portions <NUM> of the flap assemblies 202A, 202B are aligned (that is, are coplanar or at least substantially coplanar), but the flaps <NUM> are not coplanar with each other. Instead, the flaps <NUM> are rotated about the axis of rotation <NUM> so the flaps <NUM> open upward relative to the frame assemblies <NUM> away from the building toward the housing <NUM>/<NUM> to create an aperture though which air, such as warm air from the building and/or the building's ductwork, may be drawn from the building and expelled or exhausted from the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. Put another way, the flaps <NUM> are rotated relative to the plane in which the frame portions <NUM> lie. Thus, unlike currently known weatherproof flashing, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> of one example of the present disclosure advantageously allows for airflow both from and to the building to which the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is attached. When the fan <NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is operated in a reverse mode, warm air is drawn from the building and the exhausted air may also advantageously blow leaves and other debris from the outer surface of the evaporative cooler, both of which features may help increase the life of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> and improve overall cooling efficiency.

In one exemplary embodiment, the rod <NUM> in each flap assembly <NUM> are operatively coupled to an actuation mechanism within or coupled to the dropper <NUM>. Actuation of the actuation mechanism, such as by a remote control, causes the frame portions <NUM> and/or the flaps <NUM> to rotate about the axis of rotation <NUM>, thereby opening the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> to allow air to pass therethrough. In one non-limiting example, the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> may be transitioned to the first and/or second open position by the actuation mechanism when the fan <NUM> is operated in either the normal mode or the reverse mode. Additionally or alternatively, the frame portions <NUM> and/or the flaps <NUM> may be passively transitioned between the closed and open positions by the force of normal or reverse air flow. For example, in one exemplary embodiment the frame portion <NUM> of the flap assembly <NUM> is weighted such that it is biased toward the closed position. When the fan <NUM> is off and no air is flowing through the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM>. Air flowing in the normal direction may then easily cause the weighted frame portions <NUM> of the flap assemblies <NUM> to open downward (as shown in <FIG>), and the flaps <NUM> move likewise to follow the frame portions <NUM>. Similarly, air flowing in the reverse direction may not be enough to overcome the weighted bias of the frame portions <NUM> in the opposite direction, but is enough to cause the unweighted flaps <NUM> to move with the flow of air to open upward (as shown in <FIG>).

Referring now to <FIG> and <FIG>, a bottom surface <NUM> of a reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is shown. <FIG> shows the bottom surface <NUM> of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> that includes a plurality of ribs <NUM> and <FIG> shows an evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> on a roof surface. The bottom surface <NUM> is the surface of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> that is closest to the roof <NUM> when the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is installed on the roof <NUM>. In one exemplary embodiment, the bottom surface <NUM> includes at least one elongate projection, referred to herein as at least one rib <NUM>, having a linear, angular, curvilinear, or other shape. Each rib <NUM> has a first edge, a second edge opposite the first edge, and a height therebetween. In one exemplary embodiment, the first edge is coupled to or meets the bottom surface <NUM> of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> at the second edge is a free edge <NUM>. Put another way, the free edge <NUM> of each rib <NUM> is located a distance, corresponding to the height, from the bottom surface <NUM> of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>. When the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is installed on a roof <NUM> of a building, the free edges of the ribs <NUM> are in contact with the roof <NUM> (and/or with surface features of the roof <NUM>) and space the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> a distance from the roof <NUM> that is at least partially defined by the height of the ribs <NUM>, or by the height of the rib(s) <NUM> having the largest height. Further, water, leaves, and other debris may pass freely along the roof <NUM> through the spaces between the ribs <NUM> and beneath the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. Thus, the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> does not prevent or impede normal flow of leaves and debris along the roof <NUM>, which could otherwise result in damp spots on the roof where leaves and water gather. Further, the ribs <NUM> allow the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to be mounted to the roof <NUM> at a consistent mounting height regardless of the roofing material(s) used.

In the exemplary configuration of ribs <NUM> shown in <FIG>, at least two ribs 222A are located on opposite sides of a dropper aperture <NUM> in the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> and parallel or at least substantially parallel to the sides 66C/116C and 66D/116D of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. In one exemplary configuration, the bottom surface <NUM> further includes at least one rib 222B on opposite sides of the dropper aperture <NUM> and parallel or at least substantially parallel to the sides 66A/116A and 66B/116B of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>. In one exemplary embodiment, the ribs 222A, 222B are linear. In another exemplary embodiment, at least one rib 222B is bent or V-shaped. In one exemplary embodiment, at least one rib 222A is connected to, integrated with, or continues into at least one rib 222B. In one further exemplary embodiment, the rib(s) <NUM> are removably attached to the bottom surface <NUM> of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>, allowing the user to selectively remove one or more ribs <NUM> to accommodate irregularities in the roof surface while preserving a consistent mounting height. However, it will be understood that the bottom surface <NUM> may have any number and/or configuration of ribs <NUM> and that the ribs <NUM> may have any size and/or shape that allows the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to be installed on a roof without impediment.

Although no method of mounting is claimed in present invention, referring now to <FIG>, a method of mounting an evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> to a roof <NUM> is shown. In one embodiment, the method generally includes coupling the dropper <NUM> to at least a portion of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> before the dropper <NUM> is installed into the roof <NUM>. This is in contrast to currently used methods, in which the evaporative cooler is attached to the dropper after the dropper is installed, and eliminates the need for levelling the dropper mounting after installation for attachment of the evaporative cooler. In a first step, as shown in <FIG>, the dropper <NUM> is attached to the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> using one or more attachment elements (such as the mounting elements <NUM> shown in <FIG>) before the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is installed on a roof <NUM>. In one embodiment, the dropper <NUM> is removably or permanently attached to the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> using a plurality of clips. However, it will be understood that other attachment elements may be used and/or methods such as friction fit, chemical or thermal bonding, adhesives, or the like. Alternatively, in another embodiment the dropper <NUM> and reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> are manufactured together as a single integrated piece. Although the dropper <NUM> is shown in <FIG> as being attached to an assembled evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM>, it will be understood that the dropper <NUM> may be attached to the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> before the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is attached to the lid <NUM>/<NUM>.

In a second step, as shown in <FIG>, the dropper <NUM>, attached to the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>, is inserted into an installation hole or aperture <NUM> in the roof <NUM> until at least a portion of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is brought into contact with the outer surface <NUM> of the roof <NUM>. In one embodiment, the bottom surface <NUM> of the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> includes one or more ribs <NUM> (such as those shown in <FIG> and <FIG>), and the dropper <NUM> is inserted into the installation aperture <NUM> until the free edge <NUM> of at least one rib <NUM> is brought into contact with the outer surface <NUM> of the roof <NUM>. Once the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is sufficiently seated on the outer surface <NUM> of the roof <NUM>, the dropper <NUM> is then secured to the roof structure or framework <NUM>. In one non-limiting example, screws are used to couple the dropper <NUM> to the roof structure <NUM>. Thus, unlike currently used methods of installing an evaporative cooler, the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is properly seated on the roof <NUM> before the dropper <NUM> is secured to the roof <NUM>, which eliminates the need for the complicated and time-consuming task of levelling the dropper <NUM> so it is positioned such that the evaporative cooler, once attached to the dropper, will be properly seated on the roof.

In an optional step, the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> is removed from the dropper <NUM> once the dropper <NUM> is secured to the roof structure <NUM>, and weatherproof flashing, such as the weatherproof sealing assembly <NUM> shown in <FIG>, is installed in the dropper <NUM>. If the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM> was removed, it is reattached to the dropper <NUM> prior to the third step. In the third step, as shown in <FIG>, the lid <NUM>/<NUM> and other components of the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> are attached to the reservoir <NUM>/<NUM>. Put another way, once the dropper <NUM> has been mounted to the roof <NUM>, the evaporative cooler <NUM>/<NUM> is assembled such that it is attached to the dropper <NUM> and thereby secured to the roof <NUM>.

Claim 1:
A pressurized water distribution system (<NUM>) for an evaporative cooler (<NUM>), the pressurized water
distribution system comprising:
a pressurized flow path portion including at least one pressurized water channel (<NUM>), a plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>, <NUM>), and at least one inlet hole (<NUM>);
a plurality of caps (<NUM>), each of the plurality of caps (<NUM>) being configured to direct a flow of fluid from a corresponding one of the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>); and
a non-pressurized flow path portion including at least one non-pressurized flow path in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>), further comprising a water distribution system lid, the water distribution system lid (<NUM>) at least partially defining the at least one pressurized water channel, the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>), and the at least one inlet hole,
characterized in that
the water distribution system lid defining a dome at each of the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>), the non-pressurized flow path including a plurality of non-pressurized gravity distribution water channels that are defined by the water distribution system lid (<NUM>) and that extend over each dome, that are radially arranged around each of the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>), and that extend from each of the plurality of outlet holes (<NUM>) to opposing edges of the water distribution system lid (<NUM>).