Patent Description:
At least some known floating nut plates include a base or bottom plate with an opening and support a nut or similar fastener element that is captured on the base by a retainer or cage component. Such nut plates facilitate holding components, for example panels, together when a fastener is threadably engaged with the nut plate and tightened, while still enabling some movement between the components. In such known nut plates, the nut receives a fastener, such as a bolt, screw, or other threaded component element passed through an opening in the components and threaded into the nut. The opening in the component may be sized to enable the nut and fastener to move laterally to accommodate some movement between the fastened components.

At least some known floating nut plates may be used in the aerospace industry. In aerospace applications, the types and numbers of fasteners for a panel assembly can be significant. Some panel fasteners for a particular panel assembly may have different lengths, while otherwise looking similar to other panel fasteners. When the panel assembly is removed, a user may typically place all the panel fasteners in a separate location to keep from misplacing the fasteners. However, when replacing the panel assembly, the user may inadvertently use an incorrect length fastener for a particular panel fastener location. This can lead to an improperly attached panel assembly. <CIT> discloses a fastening device including a stud and a receptacle for engaging with the stud when inserted therein. The receptacle includes a first piece including a hat-shaped casing and a lateral directed flange. The second piece of the receptacle includes a socket member located in the casing. <CIT> discloses a panel fastener including a socket and a stud for assembling with panels. The socket includes a hollow sheet metal housing. The housing has an open end having a mounting flange and an opposite end which is substantially closed.

<CIT> describes a floating nut plate including complementary surfaces limiting movement of a retainer toward or away from side walls of a receiver, such as wherein a nut element is positioned between the retainer and the receiver. <CIT> describes a fastening device for providing a wall part of a carrying beam, such as a chassis beam, with an internal screw thread in order to fasten-in a bolt.

This task is solved by a nut plate assembly having the features of claim <NUM> and a method according to claim <NUM>. The sub claims show preferred embodiments of the invention. The nut plate assembly includes a plate member including an aperture defined therethrough. The nut plate assembly also includes a shell member having a first end joined to the plate member and a second end opposite the first end. The nut plate assembly further includes a bias member disposed within the shell member, and a nut including a body and a shoulder portion configured to receive a portion of the bias member, said body including an outer surface defining a first diameter and said shoulder portion defining a second diameter. The nut is disposed within the shell member and moveable between a first position proximate the shell member first end and a second position proximate the shell member second end. The bias member comprises a coil-spring positioned to bias the nut toward the second position. The second diameter defined by said shoulder portion is smaller than the first diameter defined by said outer surface to allow said bias member to extend along said shoulder portion and provide an axial force to said body. A fastener assembly includes a nut plate assembly adapted for mounting to a mounting structure. The fastener assembly also includes a fastener configured to mount in an aperture formed in a panel member. The fastener is threadably engageable with the nut for coupling the panel member to the mounting structure.

In yet another aspect, a method of assembling a nut plate assembly is provided. The method includes positioning a bias member within a shell member. The shell member has a first end joined to a plate member and a second end opposite the first end. The plate member includes an aperture defined therethrough. The method also includes positioning a nut within the shell member. The nut includes a body and a shoulder portion configured to receive a portion of the bias member, said body including an outer surface defining a first diameter and said shoulder portion defining a second diameter. The nut is moveable between a first position proximate the shell member first end and a second position proximate the shell member second end. The bias member comprises a coil-spring positioned to bias the nut toward the second position. The second diameter defined by said shoulder portion is smaller than the first diameter defined by said outer surface to allow said bias member to extend along said shoulder portion and provide an axial force to said body. The method further includes coupling a retention member to at least one of the shell member and the plate member to retain the nut within the shell member, wherein the retention member includes a clip configured to engage the shell member and the nut.

Accordingly, a value modified by a term or terms such as "about," "approximately," and "substantially" are not to be limited to the precise value specified. Here and throughout the specification and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged; such ranges are identified and include all the sub-ranges contained therein unless context or language indicates otherwise.

Relative descriptors used herein such as upward, downward, left, right, up, down, length, height, width, thickness, and the like are with reference to the figures, and not meant in a limiting sense. Additionally, the illustrated embodiments can be understood as providing exemplary features of varying detail of certain embodiments, and therefore, features, components, modules, elements, and/or aspects of the illustrations can be otherwise combined, interconnected, sequenced, separated, interchanged, positioned, and/or rearranged without materially departing from the disclosed fastener assemblies. Additionally, the shapes and sizes of components are also exemplary and can be altered without materially affecting or limiting the disclosed technology.

The nut plate assemblies described herein overcome many of the problems associated with nut plate assemblies. In general, nut plate assemblies are used to fixedly connect panels to structures in a variety of applications such as, without limitation, aerospace applications, industrial applications, and building applications, where access to both sides of the nut plate assembly is limited or restricted. Among other features and benefits, the disclosed nut plate assemblies facilitate one or more of the use of captive panel fasteners having varying lengths, quick and easy installation and/or removal of panel fasteners, and/or single end access for blind fastening applications. The advantages, and other features of the technology disclosed herein, will become more readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description of certain preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the drawings.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a top view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view of nut plate assembly <NUM>, taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> shown in <FIG>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut, broadly a nut, <NUM>, and a bias member <NUM>. Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> and a plurality of retention tabs <NUM> integrally formed with wall portion <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener. Retention tabs <NUM>, prior to coupling shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>, lie in a plane of wall portion <NUM>. In another embodiment, retention tabs <NUM> may be folded or bent perpendicular to wall portion <NUM>. During assembly of nut plate assembly <NUM>, retention tabs <NUM> are curled or bent along a respective edge <NUM> of plate member <NUM> to facilitate coupling shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>. Each retention tab <NUM> has a semi-circular cutout <NUM> defined on an edge <NUM> of each retention tab <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a substantially cylindrical wall <NUM> that defines a first opening <NUM> at a first end <NUM> and a second opening <NUM> at a second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. First opening <NUM> and second opening <NUM> are generally concentric with each other. Shell member <NUM> includes a flange <NUM> formed at first end <NUM>. At second end <NUM>, cylindrical wall <NUM> tapers radially inward, e.g., by a swaging process, to facilitate retaining floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM> when shell member <NUM> is coupled to plate member <NUM>.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> is disposed within shell member <NUM> and is moveable relative to cylindrical wall <NUM>. For example, floating nut <NUM> is moveable along a central axis of shell member <NUM> between a first position and a second position. In the first position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate first end <NUM>. In the second position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate second end <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, floating nut <NUM> is moveable in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a longitudinal slot <NUM> defined through cylindrical wall <NUM>. Longitudinal slot <NUM> extends substantially axially along a centerline "B" of shell member <NUM> a predetermined length <NUM>. Longitudinal slot <NUM> is sized and shaped to receive an anti-rotation pin <NUM> therethrough. In particular, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is coupled to floating nut <NUM> and extends through longitudinal slot <NUM> to facilitate preventing rotation of floating nut <NUM> while enabling axial movement during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is a spring pin. Alternatively, anti-rotation pin <NUM> may be any type of anti-rotation mechanism that secures floating nut <NUM> as described herein, including for example, and without limitation, a dowel pin and/or a threaded fastener.

In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between plate member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM>. As such, bias member <NUM> facilitates biasing floating nut <NUM> axially away from plate member <NUM> and towards the second position. During use of nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> facilitates pulling the attaching structure together as a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) is coupled with floating nut <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> may function as a damping element and facilitates providing a pre-load force to a fastened joint. In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is a compression spring. Alternatively, bias member <NUM> may be any type of bias or force provider that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. The pre-load force on floating nut <NUM> may be adjusted by varying the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM> is selected to provide the necessary pre-load required for operation of nut plate assembly <NUM>, while maintaining bias member <NUM> in an axial resiliency range.

<FIG> is a perspective view of floating nut <NUM> for use with nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). <FIG> is another perspective view of floating nut <NUM>. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view of floating nut <NUM> taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> shown in <FIG>. In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> has a substantially cylindrical body <NUM> that defines a bore <NUM> therethrough. At a first end <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>, bore <NUM> includes a tapered portion <NUM> configured to facilitate aligning a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) with cylindrical body <NUM>. At a second end <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>, bore <NUM> includes a counter bored portion <NUM>. Bore <NUM> includes a female threaded portion <NUM> extending between tapered portion <NUM> and counter bored portion <NUM> for threadably coupling to a fastener during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, counter bored portion <NUM> functions as a way to control a length of female threaded portion <NUM> to facilitate maintaining a thread engagement length to about one times the thread diameter, while allowing the fastener to extend through female threaded portion <NUM>. In addition, counter bored portion <NUM> facilitates fabricating cylindrical body <NUM> with a shoulder portion <NUM> having a length sufficient to prevent over-stressing and/or damaging bias member <NUM> while maintaining a thread engagement length to about one times the thread diameter, as described further herein.

Floating nut <NUM> includes a hole <NUM> defined in an outer surface <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>. In particular, hole <NUM> is formed in outer surface <NUM> substantially perpendicular to centerline "C" of cylindrical body <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, hole <NUM> extends a predetermined depth into cylindrical body <NUM>, but does not extend through to bore <NUM>. In altemative embodiments, hole <NUM> may extend any depth into cylindrical body <NUM>, including, for example, entirely through cylindrical body <NUM>. Hole <NUM> is sized and shaped to receive anti-rotation pin <NUM> therein. In particular, hole <NUM> is sized to form an interference fit with anti-rotation pin <NUM>. As used herein, the phrase "interference fit" means a value of tightness between anti-rotation pin <NUM> and hole <NUM>, i.e., an amount of radial clearance between the components. A negative amount of clearance is commonly referred to as a press fit, where the magnitude of interference determines whether the fit is a light interference fit or interference fit. A small amount of positive clearance is referred to as a loose or sliding fit. Alternatively, anti-rotation pin <NUM> may be coupled to cylindrical body <NUM> using any suitable fastening technique that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, an upper portion of anti-rotation pin <NUM> extends through longitudinal slot <NUM> to facilitate preventing rotation of floating nut <NUM> while enabling axial movement during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> includes shoulder portion <NUM> extending from first end <NUM> axially along cylindrical body <NUM> a predetermined distance <NUM> that facilitates preventing over-stressing and/or damaging bias member <NUM> when bias member <NUM> is compressed, while enabling bias member <NUM> to urge cylindrical body <NUM> away from plate member <NUM> when extended. Shoulder portion <NUM> has a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of outer surface <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>. In particular, shoulder portion <NUM> has a diameter configured to enable bias member <NUM> to slide onto shoulder portion <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>. Shoulder portion <NUM> enables bias member <NUM> to apply an axial force to cylindrical body <NUM> to urge cylindrical body <NUM> away from plate member <NUM>, as described herein.

To assemble nut plate assembly <NUM>, floating nut <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM>. Hole <NUM> of floating nut <NUM> is aligned with longitudinal slot <NUM>. Anti-rotation pin <NUM> is press fit into hole <NUM> such that an end of anti-rotation pin <NUM> extends through longitudinal slot <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> is placed about shoulder portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. First opening <NUM> of shell member <NUM> is substantially aligned with aperture <NUM> of plate member <NUM>. Shell member <NUM> is pressed against plate member <NUM>, thereby compressing bias member <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. Retention tabs <NUM> are then curled or bent over flange <NUM> of shell member <NUM> to axially retain shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, semi-circular cutouts <NUM> have a curvature that is greater than a diameter of cylindrical wall <NUM> of shell member <NUM>, but less than a diameter of flange <NUM>. This facilitates enabling shell member <NUM> to move a small amount along wall portion <NUM>, while remaining in face to face contact with wall portion <NUM>. As such, a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) may be aligned with floating nut <NUM>, which is retained in shell member <NUM>, even if there is minor misalignment with the fastener and aperture <NUM> of plate member <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is configured to retain both floating nut <NUM> and bias member <NUM> within shell member <NUM>, which allows for nut plate assembly <NUM> to be used as an inseparable assembly. In addition, during use, nut plate assembly <NUM> requires no access from the nut side of nut plate assembly <NUM>, which is advantageous for use with panels and other structure where access to both sides of nut plate assembly <NUM> is limited.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of installed nut plate assembly <NUM> coupled to mounting structure <NUM>, including a captive fastener <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is coupled to mounting structure <NUM> by, for example, and without limitation, adhesive bonding. Mounting structure <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough and sized to receive at least a portion of fastener <NUM>. Fastener <NUM> also extends through a panel <NUM> via aperture <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, aperture <NUM> has a diameter smaller than the diameter of aperture <NUM>. This facilitates capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM> by a locking mechanism <NUM>. In particular, fastener <NUM> includes locking mechanism <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, locking mechanism <NUM> is a lock ring. In altemative embodiments, locking mechanism <NUM> includes, for example, and without limitation, a retaining ring, an E-clip, a spring plunger, and/or any mechanism configured to facilitate capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, locking mechanism <NUM> is coupled to a groove <NUM> formed in fastener <NUM> a predetermined distance from a head <NUM> of fastener <NUM>. For example, groove <NUM> may be formed at a distance that enables panel <NUM> to be positioned between head <NUM> and locking mechanism <NUM>, thereby facilitating capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM>. As fastener <NUM> is inserted through aperture <NUM>, locking mechanism <NUM> collapses into groove <NUM>. After locking mechanism <NUM> passes through aperture <NUM>, it expands radially to its original diameter to prevent fastener <NUM> from being pulled back through panel <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, fastener <NUM> is a panel bolt having a hexagonal head <NUM>. Alternatively, fastener <NUM> is any type of fastener having head <NUM> taking any shape or form, including for example, and without limitation, a spline head, a flat head, a socket cap head, and a pan head. In some embodiments, fastener <NUM> is a locking fastener, including one or more components configured to lock fastener <NUM> against rotation relative to panel <NUM>.

Panel <NUM>, with fastener <NUM>, is introduced to mounting structure <NUM> with nut plate assembly <NUM> for assembly. Fastener <NUM> is aligned with floating nut <NUM> and panel <NUM> is pushed toward mounting structure <NUM> until fastener <NUM> contacts female threaded portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Fastener <NUM> is threadably engaged with floating nut <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> is drawn toward fastener <NUM> and compresses bias member <NUM>. The spring rate of bias member <NUM> can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the wire diameter and/or the length of bias member <NUM>, as described herein. Further, in some embodiments, the force of bias member <NUM> against floating nut <NUM> may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing an amount of torque applied to fastener <NUM>. For example, as the torque applied to fastener <NUM> is increased, bias member <NUM> is compressed and increases the force against floating nut <NUM> until floating nut <NUM> is seated against wall portion <NUM>. In addition, as the torque applied to fastener <NUM> is decreased, bias member <NUM> is decompressed and decreases the force against floating nut <NUM> until floating nut <NUM> is biased against second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of installed nut plate assembly <NUM> coupled to mounting structure <NUM>, and including captive fastener <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is mechanically coupled to mounting structure <NUM> by fasteners <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, fasteners <NUM> include, for example, and without limitation, nut and bolt combinations, sheet metal fasteners, rivets, and the like.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view of nut plate assembly <NUM>, taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> shown in <FIG>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member <NUM>. Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> and a plurality of retention tabs <NUM> integrally formed with wall portion <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG> and <FIG>). Retention tabs <NUM>, prior to coupling shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>, lie in a plane of wall portion <NUM>. In another embodiment, retention tabs <NUM> may be folded or bent perpendicular to wall portion <NUM>. During assembly of nut plate assembly <NUM>, retention tabs <NUM> are curled or bent along a respective edge <NUM> of plate member <NUM> to facilitate coupling shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>. Each retention tab <NUM> has a semi-circular cutout <NUM> defined on an edge <NUM> of each retention tab <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a longitudinal slot <NUM> defined through cylindrical wall <NUM>. Longitudinal slot <NUM> extends substantially axially along a centerline "E" of shell member <NUM> a predetermined length. Longitudinal slot <NUM> is sized and shaped to receive an anti-rotation pin <NUM> therethrough. In particular, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is coupled to floating nut <NUM> and extends through longitudinal slot <NUM> to facilitate preventing rotation of floating nut <NUM> while enabling axial movement during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is a spring pin. Alternatively, anti-rotation pin <NUM> may be any type of anti-rotation mechanism that secures floating nut <NUM> as described herein, including for example, and without limitation, a dowel pin and/or a threaded fastener.

In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between floating nut <NUM> and second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. As such, bias member <NUM> facilitates biasing floating nut <NUM> axially toward plate member <NUM> and towards the first position. During use of nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> facilitates pushing the attaching structure apart as a fastener (not shown in <FIG> and <FIG>) is coupled with floating nut <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> may function as a damping element. In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is a compression spring. Alternatively, bias member <NUM> may be any type of bias or force provider that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. The force on floating nut <NUM> may be adjusted by varying the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM> is selected to provide a desired bias force for operation of nut plate assembly <NUM>, while maintaining bias member <NUM> in an axial resiliency range.

Floating nut <NUM> includes a hole <NUM> defined in an outer surface <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>. In particular, hole <NUM> is formed in outer surface <NUM> substantially perpendicular to centerline "F" of cylindrical body <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, hole <NUM> extends a predetermined depth into cylindrical body <NUM>, but does not extend through to bore <NUM>. In altemative embodiments, hole <NUM> may extend any depth into cylindrical body <NUM>, including, for example, entirely through cylindrical body <NUM>. Hole <NUM> is sized and shaped to receive anti-rotation pin <NUM> therein. In particular, hole <NUM> is sized to form an interference fit with anti-rotation pin <NUM>. As used herein, the phrase "interference fit" means a value of tightness between anti-rotation pin <NUM> and hole <NUM>, i.e., an amount of radial clearance between the components, as described above. Alternatively, anti-rotation pin <NUM> may be coupled to cylindrical body <NUM> using any suitable fastening technique that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, an upper portion of anti-rotation pin <NUM> extends through longitudinal slot <NUM> to facilitate preventing rotation of floating nut <NUM> while enabling axial movement during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> includes shoulder portion <NUM> extending from second end <NUM> axially along cylindrical body <NUM> a predetermined distance <NUM> that facilitates preventing over-stressing and/or damaging bias member <NUM> when bias member <NUM> is compressed, while enabling bias member <NUM> to urge cylindrical body <NUM> toward plate member <NUM> when extended. Shoulder portion <NUM> has a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of outer surface <NUM> of cylindrical body <NUM>. In particular, shoulder portion <NUM> has a diameter configured to enable bias member <NUM> to slide onto shoulder portion <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>. Shoulder portion <NUM> enables bias member <NUM> to apply an axial force to cylindrical body <NUM> to urge cylindrical body <NUM> toward plate member <NUM>, as described herein.

Nut plate assembly <NUM> is assembled substantially similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> described above. For example, to assemble nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM> such that bias member <NUM> seats about shoulder portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Hole <NUM> of floating nut <NUM> is aligned with longitudinal slot <NUM>. Anti-rotation pin <NUM> is press fit into hole <NUM> such that an end of anti-rotation pin <NUM> extends through longitudinal slot <NUM>. First opening <NUM> of shell member <NUM> is substantially aligned with aperture <NUM> of plate member <NUM>. Shell member <NUM> is pressed against plate member <NUM>, thereby compressing bias member <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. Retention tabs <NUM> are then curled or bent over flange <NUM> of shell member <NUM> to axially retain shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of installed nut plate assembly <NUM> coupled to mounting structure <NUM>, including a captive fastener <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is coupled to mounting structure <NUM> by, for example, and without limitation, adhesive bonding. Altematively, nut plate assembly <NUM> is mechanically coupled to mounting structure <NUM>, for example, and without limitation, by nut and bolt combinations, sheet metal fasteners, rivets, and the like. In the exemplary embodiment, mounting structure <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough and sized to receive at least a portion of fastener <NUM>. Fastener <NUM> extends through a panel <NUM> via aperture <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, aperture <NUM> has a diameter smaller than the diameter of aperture <NUM>. This facilitates capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM> by locking mechanism <NUM>. In particular, fastener <NUM> includes locking mechanism <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, locking mechanism <NUM> is a lock ring. In altemative embodiments, locking mechanism <NUM> includes, for example, and without limitation, a retaining ring, an E-clip, a spring plunger, and/or any mechanism configured to facilitate capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, locking mechanism <NUM> is coupled to a groove <NUM> formed in fastener <NUM> a predetermined distance from a head <NUM> of fastener <NUM>. For example, groove <NUM> may be formed at a distance that enables panel <NUM> to be positioned between head <NUM> and locking mechanism <NUM>, thereby facilitating capturing fastener <NUM> in panel <NUM>. As fastener <NUM> is inserted through aperture <NUM>, locking mechanism <NUM> collapses into groove <NUM>. After locking mechanism <NUM> passes through aperture <NUM>, it expands radially to its original diameter to prevent fastener <NUM> from being pulled back through panel <NUM>. Panel <NUM>, with fastener <NUM>, is introduced to mounting structure <NUM> with nut plate assembly <NUM> for assembly. Fastener <NUM> is aligned with floating nut <NUM> and panel <NUM> is pushed toward mounting structure <NUM> until fastener <NUM> contacts female threaded portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Fastener <NUM> is threadably engaged with floating nut <NUM> to secure panel <NUM> to mounting structure <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a side view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is an end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> and a plurality of retention tabs <NUM> integrally formed with wall portion <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG>). Retention tabs <NUM> extend from wall portion <NUM> and define openings <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any plate member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a substantially cylindrical wall <NUM> that defines a first opening <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) at a first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and a second opening <NUM> at a second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. Shell member <NUM> includes a flange <NUM> formed at first end <NUM>. At second end <NUM>, cylindrical wall <NUM> tapers radially inward, e.g., by a swaging process, to facilitate retaining floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM> when shell member <NUM> is coupled to plate member <NUM>.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a longitudinal slot <NUM> defined through cylindrical wall <NUM>. Longitudinal slot <NUM> is sized and shaped to receive an anti-rotation pin <NUM> therethrough. In particular, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is coupled to floating nut <NUM> and extends through longitudinal slot <NUM> to prevent rotation of floating nut <NUM> while enabling axial movement during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, anti-rotation pin <NUM> is a spring pin. Alternatively, anti-rotation pin <NUM> may be any type of anti-rotation mechanism that secures floating nut <NUM> as described herein, including for example, and without limitation, a dowel pin and/or a threaded fastener.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes a retention member <NUM> coupled to plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM>. In particular, in the exemplary embodiment, retention member <NUM> includes a clip <NUM> configured to extend at least partially around shell member <NUM> and extend over flange <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is configured to engage retention tabs <NUM> when clip <NUM> is positioned around shell member <NUM>. Accordingly, retention member <NUM> and retention tabs <NUM> couple shell member <NUM> to plate member <NUM> and axially retain shell member <NUM> with respect to plate member <NUM>. First end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> contacts plate member <NUM> and flange <NUM> is positioned between clip <NUM> and wall portion <NUM> when retention member <NUM> is coupled to plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of plate member <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). <FIG> is a top view of retention member <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Clip <NUM> of retention member <NUM> has a curved shape and is configured to extend around shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In particular, clip <NUM> forms a loop. Ends <NUM> of clip <NUM> are adjacent each other and define a gap <NUM> therebetween. In addition, clip <NUM> includes elbows <NUM> which are configured to extend into openings <NUM> on opposite sides of plate member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiments, openings <NUM> are elongated slots that are configured to receive elbows <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, retention member <NUM> engages plate member <NUM> in any manner that enables nut plate assembly (shown in <FIG>) to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, retention tabs <NUM> are omitted and retention member <NUM> engages wall portion <NUM>. In further embodiments, retention member <NUM> includes openings <NUM> that receive retention tabs <NUM>.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is positionable between a first position and a second position. In the first position, elbows <NUM> are spaced apart a first distance and clip <NUM> is configured to engage retention tabs <NUM>. In the second position, elbows <NUM> are spaced apart a second distance that is less than the first distance and clip <NUM> is not engaged with retention tabs <NUM>. Accordingly, the first position and the second position enable retention member <NUM> to be removably coupled to plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Moreover, retention member <NUM> enables removal of shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and floating nut <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) from plate member <NUM>. For example, clip <NUM> is moved between the first position and the second position by pressing on ends <NUM> of clip <NUM> to decrease the width of gap <NUM>. In the second position, elbows <NUM> do not extend through openings <NUM> in retention tabs <NUM> and allow removal of retention member <NUM> from nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). After retention member <NUM> is removed, shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) is free from plate member <NUM>. In altemative embodiments, shell member <NUM> is coupled to plate member <NUM> in any manner that enables floating nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, retention member <NUM> includes, without limitation, a spring, a hinge, a fastener, a clamp, and adhesive. In further embodiments, retaining clips <NUM> are flexible and are configured to move between a first positon and a second position.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of the nut plate assembly <NUM>, taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between plate member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM>. As such, bias member <NUM> facilitates biasing floating nut <NUM> axially away from plate member <NUM> and towards the second position. During use of nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> facilitates pulling the attaching structure together as a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) is coupled with floating nut <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> may function as a damping element and facilitates providing a pre-load force to a fastened joint. In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is a compression spring. Alternatively, bias member <NUM> may be any type of bias or force provider that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. The pre-load force on floating nut <NUM> may be adjusted by varying the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM> is selected to provide the necessary pre-load required for operation of nut plate assembly <NUM>, while maintaining bias member <NUM> in an axial resiliency range. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any bias member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between floating nut <NUM> and second end <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a side view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is an end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> and a plurality of retention tabs <NUM> integrally formed with wall portion <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG>). Retention tabs <NUM> extend from wall portion <NUM> and define channels <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any plate member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein.

<FIG> is a perspective view of plate member <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). <FIG> is a top view of retention member <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Clip <NUM> of retention member <NUM> has a curved shape and is configured to extend around shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In particular, clip <NUM> is a semicircle and includes ends <NUM> spaced circumferentially apart to define a gap <NUM> therebetween. In addition, clip <NUM> is sized and shaped to extend through channels <NUM> defined by retention tabs <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiments, retention tabs <NUM> extend along at least a portion of the edge of wall portion <NUM> and are configured to extend over clip <NUM> when clip <NUM> extends through channels <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, retention member <NUM> engages plate member <NUM> in any manner that enables nut plate assembly (shown in <FIG>) to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, retention member <NUM> includes a channel <NUM> that receives plate member <NUM>.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is positionable between a first position and a second position. In the first position, clip <NUM> has a first diameter and is configured to engage retention tabs <NUM>. In the second position, clip <NUM> has a second diameter that is less than the first diameter and clip <NUM> is not engaged with retention tabs <NUM>. Accordingly, the first position and the second position enable retention member <NUM> to be removably coupled to plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Moreover, retention member <NUM> enables removal of shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and floating nut <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) from plate member <NUM>. For example, clip <NUM> is moved between the first position and the second position by pressing on ends <NUM> of clip <NUM> to decrease the width of gap <NUM> and the diameter of clip <NUM>. In the second position, clip <NUM> does not extend through channels <NUM> in retention tabs <NUM> and allows removal of retention member <NUM> from nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). After retention member <NUM> is removed, shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) is free from plate member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of nut plate assembly <NUM>, taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between floating nut <NUM> and second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. As such, bias member <NUM> facilitates biasing floating nut <NUM> axially toward plate member <NUM> and towards the first position. During use of nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> facilitates pushing the attaching structure apart as a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) is coupled with floating nut <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> may function as a damping element. In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is a compression spring. Alternatively, bias member <NUM> may be any type of bias or force provider that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. The force on floating nut <NUM> may be adjusted by varying the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, the wire diameter and spring length of bias member <NUM> is selected to provide a desired bias force for operation of nut plate assembly <NUM>, while maintaining bias member <NUM> in an axial resiliency range. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any bias member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and between plate member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a front end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a second end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is an end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a cross-sectional view of nut plate assembly <NUM>, taken about line <NUM>-<NUM> shown in <FIG>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In the exemplary embodiment, plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> are integrally formed as a single piece. Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG>). In addition, aperture <NUM> is sized and shaped to allow floating nut <NUM> to be positioned therethrough. In the exemplary embodiment, aperture <NUM> is a hexagon. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any plate member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a wall <NUM> that extends around and along a central axis <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM>. Wall <NUM> defines a first opening <NUM> at a first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and a second opening <NUM> at a second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. First opening <NUM> and second opening <NUM> are generally concentric with each other. At first end <NUM>, shell member <NUM> is joined to wall portion <NUM> of plate member <NUM>. A curved or angled edge <NUM> extends between aperture <NUM> and first opening <NUM> to facilitate positioning clip <NUM> through aperture <NUM>. At second end <NUM>, wall <NUM> tapers radially inward to facilitate retaining floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. Wall <NUM> extends continuously from first end <NUM> to second end <NUM> and is free of openings other than first opening <NUM> and second opening <NUM>. Accordingly, shell member <NUM> and plate member <NUM> inhibit the entrapment of debris and containments during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any shell member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> is disposed within shell member <NUM> and is moveable along central axis <NUM>. For example, floating nut <NUM> is moveable along central axis <NUM> of shell member <NUM> between a first position and a second position. In the first position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate first end <NUM>. In the second position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate second end <NUM>. In addition, in some embodiments, floating nut <NUM> has radial float about central axis <NUM> within wall <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, floating nut <NUM> is moveable in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is defined by wall <NUM>. The cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is taken along a plane perpendicular to central axis <NUM> and is configured to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of floating nut <NUM>. Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> have the same cross-sectional shape. In addition, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> define a gap therebetween that is sized to allow axial movement of floating nut <NUM> and prevent rotation of floating nut <NUM>. For example, the gap between floating nut <NUM> and shell member <NUM> is less than the width of a planar side of floating nut <NUM>. Accordingly, wall <NUM> of shell member <NUM> engages floating nut <NUM> to inhibit rotation of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> are hexagons. In alternative embodiments, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> are any shapes that enable nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> is, without limitation, a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a nonagon, a decagon, a dodecagon, and a star. In further embodiments, at least one side of shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> is curved.

In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> between floating nut <NUM> and second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. As such, bias member <NUM> facilitates biasing floating nut <NUM> axially toward plate member <NUM> and towards the first position. During use of nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> facilitates pushing the attaching structure apart as a fastener (not shown in <FIG> and <FIG>) is coupled with floating nut <NUM>. Bias member <NUM> may function as a damping element. In the exemplary embodiment, bias member <NUM> is a compression spring. Alternatively, bias member <NUM> may be any type of bias or force provider that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to function as described herein.

<FIG> is a perspective view of floating nut <NUM> for use with nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). <FIG> is an end view of floating nut <NUM>. <FIG> is a side view of floating nut <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> has a body <NUM> that defines a bore <NUM> therethrough. At a first end <NUM> of body <NUM>, bore <NUM> includes a tapered portion <NUM> configured to facilitate aligning a fastener (not shown in <FIG>) with body <NUM>. At a second end <NUM> of body <NUM>, bore <NUM> includes a counter bored portion <NUM>. Bore <NUM> includes a female threaded portion <NUM> extending between tapered portion <NUM> and counter bored portion <NUM> for threadably coupling to a fastener during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>.

In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> includes shoulder portion <NUM> extending from second end <NUM> axially along body <NUM> to a flange <NUM>. Shoulder portion <NUM> extends a predetermined distance <NUM> that facilitates preventing over-stressing and/or damaging bias member <NUM> when bias member <NUM> is compressed, while enabling bias member <NUM> to urge body <NUM> toward plate member <NUM> when extended. Shoulder portion <NUM> has a diameter that is configured to enable bias member <NUM> to slide onto shoulder portion <NUM>. Shoulder portion <NUM> enables bias member <NUM> to apply an axial force to body <NUM> to urge body <NUM> toward plate member <NUM>.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> includes flange <NUM> extending about body <NUM> proximate first end <NUM>. Flange <NUM> engages shell member <NUM> to inhibit rotation of floating nut <NUM> about central axis <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>. Specifically, an outer surface <NUM> of flange <NUM> contacts an inner surface of shell member <NUM>. Outer surface <NUM> is defined by a plurality of sides <NUM> that form the cross-sectional shape of flange <NUM>. Specifically, sides <NUM> are planar and extend about a circumference of flange <NUM>. Sides <NUM> are configured to engage wall <NUM>. As described further above, the cross-sectional shape of floating nut <NUM> corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In the exemplary embodiment, outer surface <NUM> of flange <NUM> is defined by six planar sides <NUM> forming a hexagonal cross-sectional shape. In alternative embodiments, floating nut <NUM> includes any flange <NUM> that enables floating nut <NUM> to operate as described herein.

<FIG> is an end view of a clip <NUM>. <FIG> is a perspective view of plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes clip, more broadly a retention member, <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is configured to engage shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is circular and is arranged to extend around central axis <NUM> and body <NUM> when clip <NUM> is positioned in shell member <NUM>. In addition, clip <NUM> defines a gap <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any retention member that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, clip <NUM> is attached to shell member <NUM>, plate member <NUM>, and/or floating nut <NUM>.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> proximate first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> such that floating nut <NUM> is trapped between second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and clip <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is positionable between a first position in which clip <NUM> fits through aperture <NUM> and a second position in which clip <NUM> is retained within shell member <NUM>. Gap <NUM> facilitates clip <NUM> moving between the first position and the second position. In the first position, clip <NUM> is positionable through aperture <NUM> into the interior cavity of shell member <NUM>. For example, in the first position, clip <NUM> is deformed such that a width of clip <NUM> is less than the width of aperture <NUM>. In the second position, clip <NUM> has a diameter that is larger than a width of aperture <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is moved from the second position to the first position by pressing clip <NUM> with an inward radial force. Clip <NUM> is resilient and returns to the second position when the inward radial force is removed. Clip <NUM> includes a notch <NUM> configured to facilitate moving clip <NUM> between the second position and the first position when clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> has a plurality of grooves <NUM> spaced about central axis <NUM>. Each groove <NUM> receives a portion of clip <NUM> when clip <NUM> is in the first position within shell member <NUM>. Grooves <NUM> act as engagement features that engage clip <NUM> and resist axial movement of clip <NUM> when clip <NUM> is within shell member <NUM> in the first position. As a result, clip <NUM> and shell member <NUM> resist removal of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> and clip <NUM> are positioned within shell member <NUM>. Shell member <NUM> retains clip <NUM> therein and clip <NUM> contacts flange <NUM> of floating nut <NUM> to inhibit removal of floating nut <NUM> through aperture <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, clip <NUM> engages plate member <NUM>, shell member <NUM>, and/or floating nut <NUM> in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, plate member <NUM> includes at least one engagement feature that engages clip <NUM>.

Nut plate assembly <NUM> is assembled substantially similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> described above. For example, to assemble nut plate assembly <NUM>, bias member <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM> such that bias member <NUM> seats about shoulder portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> through aperture <NUM>. Clip <NUM> engages at least one of plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of another spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is an end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a perspective view of a clip <NUM> for use with nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member (not shown in <FIG>). Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> integrally formed with shell member <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG>). In addition, aperture <NUM> is sized and shaped to allow floating nut <NUM> to be positioned therethrough. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any plate member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> includes a wall <NUM> that extends around and along a central axis <NUM> of nut plate assembly <NUM>. Wall <NUM> defines a first opening <NUM> at a first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and a second opening <NUM> at a second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM>. First opening <NUM> and second opening <NUM> are generally concentric with each other. At first end <NUM>, shell member <NUM> is joined to wall portion <NUM> of plate member <NUM>. At second end <NUM>, wall <NUM> tapers radially inward to facilitate retaining floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. Wall <NUM> extends continuously from first end <NUM> to second end <NUM> and is free of openings other than first opening <NUM> and second opening <NUM>. Accordingly, shell member <NUM> and plate member <NUM> inhibit the entrapment of debris and containments during use of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any shell member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> is disposed within shell member <NUM> and is moveable along a central axis. For example, floating nut <NUM> is moveable along a central axis of shell member <NUM> between a first position and a second position. In the first position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate first end <NUM>. In the second position, floating nut <NUM> is proximate second end <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, floating nut <NUM> is moveable in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is defined by wall <NUM>. The cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is taken along a plane perpendicular to central axis <NUM> and is configured to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of floating nut <NUM>. Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> have the same cross-sectional shape. In addition, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> define a gap therebetween that is sized to allow axial movement of floating nut <NUM> and prevent rotation of floating nut <NUM>. For example, the gap between floating nut <NUM> and shell member <NUM> is less than the width of a planar side of floating nut <NUM>. Accordingly, wall <NUM> of shell member <NUM> engages floating nut <NUM> to inhibit rotation of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> are hexagons. In alternative embodiments, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> are any shapes that enable nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> includes, without limitation, a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a nonagon, a decagon, a dodecagon, and a star. In further embodiments, at least one side of shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> is curved.

In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes a clip, more broadly a retention member, <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is configured to engage shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is circular and is arranged to extend around central axis <NUM> when clip <NUM> is positioned in shell member <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any clip <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> proximate first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> such that floating nut <NUM> is trapped between second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and clip <NUM>. Clip <NUM> has an interference fit within shell member <NUM>. Accordingly, shell member <NUM> and clip <NUM> resist axial movement of clip <NUM> when clip <NUM> is within shell member <NUM>. As a result, clip <NUM> and shell member <NUM> resist removal of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> and clip <NUM> are positioned within shell member <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, clip <NUM> engages plate member <NUM> and/or shell member <NUM> in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Nut plate assembly <NUM> is assembled substantially similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> described above. For example, to assemble nut plate assembly <NUM>, a bias member is placed into shell member <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM> such that the bias member seats about a shoulder portion of floating nut <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and engages at least one of plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>.

<FIG> is a perspective view of a spring-loaded nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is an end view of nut plate assembly <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> is similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) and includes a plate member <NUM>, a shell member <NUM>, a floating nut <NUM>, and a bias member (not shown in <FIG>). Plate member <NUM> includes a wall portion <NUM> integrally formed with shell member <NUM>. Wall portion <NUM> includes an aperture <NUM> defined therethrough for receiving a fastener (not shown in <FIG>). In addition, aperture <NUM> is sized and shaped to allow floating nut <NUM> to be positioned therethrough. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any plate member <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is defined by wall <NUM>. The cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> is taken along a plane perpendicular to central axis <NUM> and is configured to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of floating nut <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> includes a plurality of projections <NUM> that are received in cavities <NUM> in shell member <NUM>. Accordingly, wall <NUM> of shell member <NUM> engages floating nut <NUM> to inhibit rotation of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> are any shapes that enable nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein. For example, in some embodiments, shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> includes, without limitation, a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a nonagon, a decagon, a dodecagon, and a star. In further embodiments, at least one side of shell member <NUM> and/or floating nut <NUM> is curved.

In the exemplary embodiment, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes clip, more broadly a retention member, <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is configured to engage shell member <NUM> and floating nut <NUM> to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>. In alternative embodiments, nut plate assembly <NUM> includes any clip <NUM> that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Also, in the exemplary embodiment, clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> proximate first end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> such that floating nut <NUM> is trapped between second end <NUM> of shell member <NUM> and clip <NUM>. Accordingly, shell member <NUM> and clip <NUM> resist axial movement of clip <NUM> when clip <NUM> is within shell member <NUM> and in the second position. As a result, clip <NUM> and shell member <NUM> resist removal of floating nut <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> and clip <NUM> are positioned within shell member <NUM>. In altemative embodiments, clip <NUM> engages plate member <NUM> and/or shell member <NUM> in any manner that enables nut plate assembly <NUM> to operate as described herein.

<FIG> is a perspective view of floating nut <NUM> for use with nut plate assembly <NUM>. <FIG> is a front view of floating nut <NUM>. In the exemplary embodiment, floating nut <NUM> has a body <NUM> that defines a bore <NUM> therethrough. Bore <NUM> extends from a first end <NUM> of floating nut <NUM> to a second end <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> includes a shoulder portion <NUM> and a flange <NUM>. Shoulder portion <NUM> extends from second end <NUM> axially along body <NUM> to flange <NUM>. Shoulder portion <NUM> enables a bias member (not shown in <FIG>) to apply an axial force to body <NUM> to urge body <NUM> toward plate member <NUM>. Flange <NUM> extends about body <NUM> proximate first end <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Flange <NUM> engages shell member <NUM> to inhibit rotation of floating nut <NUM> about central axis <NUM> when floating nut <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM>. Specifically, an outer surface <NUM> of flange <NUM> contacts an inner surface of shell member <NUM>. Outer surface <NUM> includes a plurality of sides that define the cross-sectional shape of flange <NUM> and floating nut <NUM>. As described further above, the cross-sectional shape of floating nut <NUM> corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of shell member <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In the exemplary embodiment, outer surface <NUM> of flange <NUM> is defined by six projections <NUM> forming a star cross-sectional shape. As a result, the shape of flange <NUM> provides increased resistance to torque forces on floating nut <NUM> in comparison to other flanges such as flange <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). In altemative embodiments, floating nut <NUM> includes any flange <NUM> that enables floating nut <NUM> to operate as described herein.

Nut plate assembly <NUM> is assembled substantially similar to nut plate assembly <NUM> described above. For example, to assemble nut plate assembly <NUM>, a bias member is placed into shell member <NUM>. Floating nut <NUM> is placed into shell member <NUM> such that the bias member seats about shoulder portion <NUM> of floating nut <NUM>. Clip <NUM> is positioned within shell member <NUM> and engages at least one of plate member <NUM> and shell member <NUM> to retain floating nut <NUM> within shell member <NUM>.

The components as described herein provide spring-loaded nut plate assemblies. For example, as described in the embodiments herein, a floating nut of the nut plate assemblies is biased by a bias member, which enables the use of captive panel screws. This facilitates ease of assembly and disassembly of a panel to an underlying structure. In addition, the spring-loaded nut plate assemblies facilitate varying length captive panel fasteners. The bias member facilitates one of pulling the structure components together or pushing them apart during assembly or removal of the panel structure. In addition, the bias member facilitates preventing damage to the internal threads of the floating nut during installation of the fastener.

Exemplary embodiments of spring-loaded nut plate assemblies are described above. The systems and methods are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but rather, components of the systems and/or operations of the methods may be utilized independently and separately from other components and/or operations described herein. Further, the described components and/or operations may also be defined in, or used in combination with, other systems, methods, and/or devices, and are not limited to practice with only the systems described herein.

Although specific features of various embodiments of the disclosure may be shown in some drawings and not in others, this is for convenience only. In accordance with the invention, any feature of a drawing may be referenced and/or claimed in combination with any feature of any other drawing, as long as such combinations fall within the wording of the appended claims.

Claim 1:
A nut plate assembly (<NUM>) comprising:
a plate member (<NUM>) comprising an aperture (<NUM>) defined therethrough;
a shell member (<NUM>) having a first end (<NUM>) joined to said plate member and a second end (<NUM>) opposite said first end (<NUM>);
a bias member (<NUM>) disposed within said shell member (<NUM>);
a nut (<NUM>) comprising a body (<NUM>) and a shoulder portion (<NUM>) configured to receive a portion of said bias member (<NUM>), said body (<NUM>) including an outer surface (<NUM>) defining a first diameter, said shoulder portion (<NUM>) defining a second diameter, said nut (<NUM>) disposed within said shell member (<NUM>) and moveable between a first position proximate said shell member first end (<NUM>) and a second position proximate said shell member second end (<NUM>), wherein said bias member (<NUM>) comprises a coil-spring positioned to bias said nut (<NUM>) toward said second position, and wherein the second diameter defined by said shoulder portion (<NUM>) is smaller than the first diameter defined by said outer surface (<NUM>) to allow said bias member (<NUM>) to extend along said shoulder portion (<NUM>) and provide an axial force to said body (<NUM>); and
a retention member (<NUM>) configured to retain said nut (<NUM>) within said shell member (<NUM>).