Patent Description:
With the rapid growth of Internet scale and data volume, cloud computing has become indispensable. From the perspective of power consumption and computing capabilities, traditional cloud computing hardware based on CPU now struggles to meet today's growing computing needs. GPU and FPGA are ideal choices for computing capability acceleration. Compared with GPU's advantages in computing capabilities, FPGA is more flexible, with lower power consumption and higher computing performance. For example, with accelerators (such as SIMD and MIMD) that develop customized algorithms, FPGA has already become a promising hardware for accelerating cloud computing.

However, because the existing FPGA needs to connect a JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) cable for remote configuration or debugging, it is not suitable for cloud deployment.

Regarding the foregoing problem of low computing performance due to the existing FPGA failing to achieve the security isolation of physical functions, no effective solution has been proposed at present. <CIT> discloses a known FPGA arrangement.

Embodiments of the present invention provide an FPGA device and a cloud system based on the FPGA device, for at least resolving the technical problem that an existing FPGA cannot be deployed in the cloud due to the need for connecting to a JTAG cable when being remotely configured or debugged. The FPGA device of the invention is defined in claim <NUM>.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a cloud system based on an FPGA device is further provided, comprising: a host; and an FPGA device with the features mentioned above.

In the present invention, the PCIe module is configured in the management logic unit of the FPGA device, and the PCIe module is divided into physical functional units with different permissions, and the management logic unit and the user logic unit are administered through configuration. The management logic unit comprises a PCIe module, and the PCIe module comprises a first physical functional unit and a second physical functional unit. The first physical functional unit is configured to receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second physical functional unit, where the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file based on the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel. As such, remote configuration is achieved without connecting to a JTAG cable when in communication with the host, so as to achieve the technical effects of improving the performance of the FPGA, thereby resolving the technical problem that an existing FPGA cannot be deployed in the cloud due to the need for connecting to a JTAG cable when being remotely configured or debugged.

The drawings described herein are used to enable a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part thereof. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without involving an inventive effort fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily intended to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that data used in this way is interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that contains a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to the steps or units explicitly listed, and may instead include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

Some of the nouns or terms that appear in the description of the embodiments of the present application are as follows:.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of an FPGA device is further provided. It should be noted that before further describing the details of each embodiment of the present application, a suitable FPGA device that can be used to implement the principle of this application will be described with reference to <FIG>.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of an FPGA device according to an embodiment of the present application. For description purpose, the structure drawn is only an example of a suitable environment, and does not impose any limitation to the scope of use or function of the present application. Nor should this FPGA device be interpreted as being dependent on or requiring for any of the components or combinations shown in <FIG>.

As a semi-customized circuit in the field of ASIC, FPGA not only solves the shortcomings of customized circuits, but also overcomes the limitations of gate circuit book of the original programmable devices.

Moreover, FPGA can be widely used in national defense fields such as aerospace, aviation, electronics, communication, and radar. It can also be used in medical equipment, including ultrasonic detector and CT scanning instrument, as well as in fields of consumer electronics, automotive electronics, robots and data mining. Additionally, with the rise of robot, UAV, big data, Internet of Things, unmanned driving and <NUM> communication, the market prospect of FPGA will be increasingly broad while maintaining steady growth.

For the market demand and the rapid development of FPGA, it is urgent to solve the problem that the existing FPGA cannot be deployed in the cloud.

It should be noted that in addition to implementing the basic data transmission function, the FPGA device provided in the embodiments of the present application can also realize auxiliary functions, such as, remote debugging, remote upgrade, exception handling and hardware monitoring. This conforms to the use environment of the FPGA in cloud, and can thus provide reliable, stable, easy-to-use and safe FPGA acceleration cloud service.

Specifically, <FIG> shows the schematic diagram of an FPGA device. As shown in <FIG>, an FPGA device <NUM> comprises: a management logic unit <NUM> and a user logic unit <NUM>.

The management logic unit <NUM> comprises a PCIe module <NUM>, and the PCIe module <NUM> comprises a first PF (Physical Functional unit) <NUM> and a second PF <NUM>. The first PF <NUM> is configured to receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second PF <NUM>, where the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file based on the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel.

With the PCIe module configured, the FPGA device provided in this application is suitable for setting up the FPGA cloud server architecture deployed in the cloud, thus realizing the functions of remote debugging, remote upgrading, exception handling and hardware monitoring.

The hardware logic on the FPGA device is divided into two parts: the management logic unit and the user logic unit.

It should be noted that the management logic unit can be provided by the FPGA server (for example, cloud server), while the user logic unit can be provided by an end user and a third-party IP manufacturer.

As an optional embodiment, the management logic unit can be used for peripheral communication, and the user logic unit can be used to implement the hotspot module of user application programs. For example, for compression/decompression application, the user logic can realize the actual compression/decompression algorithm (such as the gizp algorithm). Data to be compressed is sent to the FPGA device from a host CPU through PCIe, and the compressed data then returns to the host CPU from a PCIe interface.

In the above optional embodiment, peripheral communication can be, but is not limited to, any of the following forms of communication: communication with the host CPU through PCIe, communication with other network devices through Ethernet or optical fiber interfaces, and communication with external storage devices through DDR (Double Data Rate) controller interfaces/Flash interfaces.

In additional, it should still be noted that, different from the fixed hardware logic of an ASIC chip, the above-mentioned user logic unit can be replaced based on requirements. This means that dynamic reconfiguration can be performed by the management logic unit. Optionally, the dynamic reconfiguration can be implemented by using the Partial Reconfiguration (PR) function in FPGA.

The management logic unit on the FPGA device communicates with the host CPU via the PCIe module, and the PCIe module comprises two or more PFs with different permissions.

In a method possible for implementation, the PCIe module may be comprised of, without limitation to, a first PF and a second PF (i.e., the permission segmentation mode of the dual PFs).

It should be noted that, as shown in <FIG>, because the host CPU is composed of an isolated management environment and user environment, and the management environment and user environment are isolated from each other through a virtualization technology, the above isolation method can be either two virtual machines or a virtual machine and the host. In the user logic control process, the first PF can call management. ko in the management environment of the host and the second PF can call dma. ko in the user environment of the host.

As an optional embodiment, the first PF communicates with the management environment in the host CPU, and the second PF communicates with the user environment in the host CPU. To implement high-speed and secure communication with the host CPU, the first PF and the second PF can also be separate physically, and there are different configuration spaces and other permission segmentation methods between them.

It should also be noted that the PCIe module of the FPGA device is divided into PFs with different permissions, and the host is divided into a management environment and a user environment associated with them to realize security isolation. Ordinary users can only use the user environment to access the user logic and conduct remote debugging for the user logic. Super administrator users can use the management environment to conduct operations with higher permission, such as management, monitoring, and reconfiguration, etc. to a board card.

In addition, it also needs to be noted that in the embodiments provided in this present application, the problem of user inaccessibility and even NC downtime can be avoided with the security isolation of the first PF and the second PF, further improving the computing performance of the FPGA device.

Take the above dual PF permission segmentation method as an example, as shown in <FIG>, the first PF can implement dynamic reconfiguration through, but not limited to, the following ways:
Step S101, the first PF receives a user logic loading request initiated by the second PF.

Optionally, the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier.

As an optional embodiment, the second PF can send a user logic loading request to the server based on its own identity.

Step S103, the first PF obtains a user logic file based on the user logic identifier.

Optionally, in step S103, the first PF can obtain the user logic file from a remote storage side based on the above user logic identifier after the server loads the authentication request and responds.

Step S105, the first PF burns the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel.

As an optional embodiment, after the user logic file is obtained, the first PF can burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via the partial reconfiguration control (PR ctrl) module in the PCIe configuration channel, and load a corresponding mirror image based on the user logic loading request.

Based on steps S101 to S105 mentioned above, the FPGA device provided in the present application can complete the dynamic reconfiguration.

In additional, in the embodiments provided in the present application, the first PF can also be configured to implement dynamic reconfiguration, remote upgrade Flash, exception handling, and hardware monitoring. The second PF can also be configured to conduct high-speed data exchange with the user logic unit via DMA and realize the remote debugging function of the user logic unit.

The solution defined in the above embodiment demonstrates that the FPGA device provided in the present application comprises a management logic unit and a user logic unit, where the management logic unit comprises a PCIe module, and the PCIe module comprises a first physical device PF and a second PF. The first PF is configured to receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second PF, where the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file based on the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel.

It is easy to note that because the host CPU is composed of isolated management environment and user environment, the hardware logic of the FPGA device in this application can be divided into a management logic unit and a user logic unit. The management logic unit communicates with the host CPU via the PCIe module. In the process of implementing dynamic reconfiguration, the FPGA device in the embodiment of the present application can realize dynamic reconfiguration by security isolation via permission segmentation of two or more PFs in the PCIe module.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the first PF can also be configured to implement dynamic reconfiguration, remote upgrade Flash, exception handling, and hardware monitoring. The second PF can also be configured to conduct high-speed data exchange with the user logic unit via DMA and implement the remote debugging function of the user logic unit.

Through the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application, the PCIe module is configured in the management logic unit of the FPGA device, and the PCIe module is divided into PFs with different permissions to achieve remote configuration without connecting to a JTAG cable when in communication with the host. This realizes the technical effect of improving the performance of FPGA, and further solves the technical problem that an existing FPGA cannot be deployed in the cloud due to the need for connecting to a JTAG cable when being remotely configured or debugged.

As an optional embodiment, <FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of an optional FPGA device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit further comprises a storage medium control module <NUM>. The first PF is further configured to receive an upgrade request sent by a server; and obtain an upgrade file from a host via a PCIe interface based on the upgrade request. The storage medium control module is connected with the first PF to upgrade a storage medium based on the upgrade file.

It should be noted that the implementation mode of remote upgrade storage media is similar to that of the above-mentioned dynamic reconfiguration of the present application. The difference is that the upgrade request submitted by a cloud management and control system (server) is sent to an external storage side, and a command is sent to the first PF.

As shown in <FIG>, the storage medium control module <NUM> is connected with a Flash (storage medium), and the first PF <NUM> is connected with the storage medium control module <NUM>. In an optional embodiment, the first PF obtains the upgrade file from the host via the PCIe interface based on the upgrade request, and reads as well as writes the register via PCIe. The storage medium control (Flash ctrl) module in the management logic unit is configured to upgrade Flash firmware on a board card.

It should be noted that a super administrator is responsible for the Flash upgrade process, and ordinary users do not have the permission to upgrade and update.

As an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit also comprises an external memory controller <NUM>, i.e. DDR Ctrl, which is connected with an external memory DDR for reading and writing the external memory DDR.

As an optional embodiment, the FPGA device also comprises a shared register. The second PF is further configured to report exception information via the shared register. The first PF is further configured to obtain the exception information from the shared register and perform an operation corresponding to the exception information.

As an optional embodiment, an exception handling mechanism for the FPGA device can be implemented via internal shared registers.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a connection between the shared register and PF in an optional FPGA device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in <FIG>, the shared register is connected with the first PF and the second PF. The second PF can read and write the shared register as well as report the internal exception information via the shared register, and the first PF can read the shared register and poll the shared register to obtain the exception information reported by the shared register.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the user logic unit comprises a direct access interface <NUM>. The second PF is further configured to exchange data with the user logic unit via a direct access interface.

Optionally, a DMA interface can be the direct access interface. Within the FPGA device, the DMA interface used to provide user logic belongs to the standard protocol interface, so as to guarantee the DMA interface access of the second PF exclusive PCIe.

As an optional embodiment, the user logic unit adopts the read interface in the direct access interface to move data from the host to DMA. The user logic unit adopts the write interface in the direct access interface to move the FPGA data to the host, thereby realizing data exchange between the host and FPGA device.

It should be noted that the DMA interface of FPGA logic provided to the second PF can abstract the hardware interface, thereby achieving the purpose of security isolation and simplified programming.

As an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit also comprises a virtual JTAG module <NUM>. The second PF is configured to obtain debugging data of the user logic unit, and the virtual JTAG module is connected with the second PF and configured to debug the debugging data via the PCIe interface.

Optionally, the virtual JTAG module can be configured to realize a remote debugging function of the user logic unit.

It should be noted that the virtual JTAG module simulates the JTAG timing sequence when debugging the user logic unit remotely. It can obtain the hardware waveform and send the corresponding data to the remote end or local debugging software via the PCIe bus interface without the physical hard wire of JTAG, giving it high flexibility.

As an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit also comprises a monitoring module <NUM>, which is connected with the first PF and configured to detect the temperature and power consumption of the hardware, and transmit the detected temperature and power consumption to the first PF.

Optionally, the above monitoring module is also the Monitor module.

As an optional embodiment, the management logic unit can obtain a hardware information status internally monitored by the FPGA via a register access mechanism. For example, the hardware information status can be detected by the monitor module, and the detected temperature and power consumption can be transmitted to the first PF.

It should be noted that the monitor module can be used for hardware monitoring and has the function of temperature and power sensor detection.

As an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit also comprises an error recovery mechanism module <NUM>, which is connected with an out-of-band communication interface <NUM>, and is configured to reset the user logic unit in case of an exception.

Optionally, the error recovery mechanism module is the Error Recovery module, and the out-of-band communication interface, namely the SMBus, is configured on a main board.

As an optional embodiment, the management logic unit also comprises a partial reconfiguration control (PR ctrl) module <NUM>, configured to partially reconfigure the user logic unit. When the user needs to change the user logic, the user can send a corresponding request to a corresponding configuration space register in the first PF.

To avoid accidents such as IP disclosure caused by the user's random configuration and access to user logic file, in an optional embodiment, the first PF is further configured to verify a bitstream of the user logic file; and in the case of successful verification, trigger the burning of the user logic file into the user logic unit via the PCIe configuration channel.

As an optional embodiment, the user logic loading request also carries a dynamic verification identifier. The first PF is further configured to perform permission verification based on the dynamic verification identifier and a preset verification identifier received from the server; and in the case of successful verification, trigger the obtaining of the user logic file based on the user logic identifier.

It should be noted that users can get verified and obtain the user logic file to implement dynamic reconfiguration only by meeting three conditions, including dynamic verification identifier (updated every minute), FPGA cloud server permission, and user logic ID. In dynamic reconfiguration, the management logic unit performs the final verification against the bitstream, that is, verify that the bitstream matches the expected user logic file.

For understanding of the above embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a schematic flowchart of optional user logic loading as shown in <FIG> to further explain the user logic loading flow:
Step S201, a host provides a dynamic verification code service.

To protect the security of the user logic file, as an optional embodiment, when burning the user logic file in the management environment, the host CPU can provide the dynamic verification code service to verify the user logic loading request.

Step S202, the user requests to load the user logic.

Specifically, the user logic loading request carries the identification information of user_logic_id and instance_id.

As an optional embodiment, the user launches a user logic loading request to the user environment via the second PF, and the user logic loading request carries the user logic identifier.

Step S203, the super administrator verifies the source of the request.

As an optional embodiment, the super administrator in the management environment can verify the user logic loading request, including but not limited to the verification of dynamic verification code, FPGA cloud server permission and user logic ID. In case of successful verification, step S204 will be executed.

Step S204, the user logic file is obtained.

Optionally, when the super administrator approves the dynamic verification code, FPGA cloud server permission and the user logic ID, the user logic file will be obtained based on the user logic identifier.

Step S205, management. ko in the host is called.

Optionally, the first PF calls management. ko in the host management environment. Step S206, a partial reconfiguration is initiated.

As an optional embodiment, the first PF initiates a dynamic reconfiguration by calling management. ko in the management environment.

Step S207, all DMA transmission is suspended.

As an optional embodiment, DMA data exchange and remote debugging function of the user logic unit are suspended during dynamic reconfiguration.

Step S208, bitstream verification is performed.

As an optional embodiment, the first PF is configured to verify the bitstream of the user logic file; and in case of successful verification, trigger the burning of the user logic file via the PCIe configuration channel.

As an optional embodiment, the user logic file can be burned into the user logic unit via the PCIe configuration channel.

As an optional embodiment, the second PF calls dma. ko in the user environment to burn the user logic file into the user logic unit.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, a cloud system based on an FPGA device is also provided, as shown in <FIG>, comprising an FPGA device <NUM> and a host <NUM>.

The FPGA device comprises a management logic unit and a user logic unit, where the management logic unit comprises a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) module, and the PCIe module comprises a first physical device PF and a second PF. The first PF is configured to receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second PF, where the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file based on the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel.

It should be noted that, as shown in <FIG>, the management logic unit in the FPGA device and the host CPU communicate via the PCIe, the host CPU is responsible for the software part of the user application program, and the FPGA device is responsible for the hardware acceleration of the hotspot module. Among them, the host CPU comprises the application program, the acceleration library and the PCIe driver.

To protect the security of the user logic file, when the host CPU burns the user logic file in the management environment, it can conduct verification via the identity verification process in the above embodiment.

The solution defined in the above embodiments demonstrates that the cloud system based on an FPGA device provided in this application comprises a host, and any optional FPGA device described above. The FPGA device comprises a management logic unit and a user logic unit, the management logic unit comprises a PCIe module, and the PCIe module comprises a first physical device PF and a second PF. The first PF is configured to receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second PF, where the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file based on the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel.

It is easy to note that since the host CPU is composed of an isolated management environment and a user environment, the hardware logic of the FPGA device in this application can be divided into a management logic unit and a user logic unit. The management logic unit communicates with the host CPU via a PCIe module. In the process of implementing dynamic reconfiguration, the FPGA device in the present application embodiment can realize dynamic reconfiguration by security isolation via the permission segmentation of two or more PFs in the PCIe module.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the first PF can also be configured to implement dynamic reconfiguration, remote upgrade Flash, exception handling, and hardware monitoring, The second PF can also be configured to conduct high-speed data exchange with the user logic unit via DMA and implement the remote debugging function of the user logic unit.

Through the solution provided by the above embodiments of the present application, the PCIe module is disposed in the management logic unit of the FPGA device, and the PCIe module is divided into PFs with different permissions to achieve remote configuration without connecting to a JTAG cable when in communication with the host. This realizes the technical effect of improving the performance of FPGA, and further solves the technical problem that an existing FPGA cannot be deployed in the cloud due to the need for connecting to a JTAG cable when being remotely configured or debugged.

To implement the data exchange between the host CPU and FPGA device, a PCIe driver module is needed to provide support. In an optional embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the host comprises a PCIe driver <NUM> for data exchange with the PCIe module in the FPGA device.

It should be noted that the present application does not limit the version of the above PCIe, and the versions can be, but not limited to: <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM>. The host and FPGA device in <FIG> only schematically draw a correspondence in <NUM>:<NUM>. In the actual application process, the embodiments of the present application can support correspondence in <NUM>: N (where N is the number of FPGA devices).

In addition, to facilitate the programming of user applications, an acceleration library for users to call is also provided on the PCIe driver. Users can realize transparent acceleration when using the acceleration library and they do not need to know the details of hardware.

In another optional embodiment, the host comprises a management environment and a user environment; the management environment is used to access the management logic unit in the FPGA device via the first PF of the FPGA device in response to the operation of the user; the user environment is used to access the user logic unit in the FPGA device via the second PF of the FPGA device in response to the operation of the user.

It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of a concise description, the method embodiments are all described as a combination of a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited thereto. According to the present invention, some steps may be executed in another order or simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the description are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

Based on the description of the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented using software and a needed universal hardware platform, and can certainly be implemented also by using hardware; in many cases, the former is a better implementation however. Based on such an understanding, the part of the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, and an optical disk) and includes several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, a network device, or the like) to execute the method of each embodiment of the present invention.

The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiment.

In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For a part that is not described in detail in an embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions in other embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content may be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiment described above is only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, another division manner may be used. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system; or some features can be ignored or not implemented. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection by means of some interfaces, units, or modules, which may also be electrical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated; and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; that is, the units may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the object of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the part of the technical solution of the present application, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and comprises several instructions for enabling a terminal device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) to execute all or some steps of the methods according to each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage media comprises a USB disk, a ROM, a RAM, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

Claim 1:
An FPGA device configured to achieve remote configuration without needing to connect to a JTAG cable when in communication with a host comprising:
a management logic unit (<NUM>) and a user logic unit (<NUM>),
wherein:
the management logic unit comprises a PCIe module (<NUM>);
the PCIe module provided in the management logic unit is coupled to the user logic unit via a PCIe configuration channel;
the PCIe module comprises a PCIe interface; and
the PCIe module further comprises a first physical functional unit (<NUM>) and a second physical functional unit (<NUM>), wherein said physical functional units are provided with different permissions; and
the first physical functional unit is configured to: receive a user logic loading request initiated by the second physical functional unit, wherein the user logic loading request carries a user logic identifier; obtain a user logic file according to the user logic identifier; and burn the user logic file into the user logic unit via the PCIe configuration channel.