Patent Description:
In a passive optical network (passive optical network, PON) system, an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT) establishes a communication connection to all optical network units (optical network units, ONUs) in a network by using an optical splitter (optical splitter). During uplink transmission, the ONU communicates with the OLT in a time division multiplexing manner, and a communication signal of each ONU is referred to as a burst optical signal (referred to as an "optical signal" below). Because insertion losses of links between the OLT and the ONU are different, optical powers of burst optical signals arriving at the OLT side from different ONUs are also different. Therefore, a receiver on the OLT side should have a capability of quickly capturing burst optical signals in a particular dynamic range, converting the captured burst optical signals into voltage signals by using a photodetector, and amplifying the voltage signals to a same level.

To achieve the foregoing objectives, a currently common solution is shown in <FIG>. A receiver on an OLT side includes a semiconductor optical amplifier (semiconductor optical amplifier, SOA) and a photodetector (photodetector, PD). The SOA pre-amplifies a burst optical signal received in uplink transmission, and then sends the burst optical signal to the PD for optical-to-electrical conversion. A gain of the SOA may be adjusted by regulating a pump current or the like. The PD may be specifically an avalanche photodiode (avalanche photodiode, APD). An overall dynamic range of the receiver may be improved by regulating a pump current of the SOA or a voltage of the APD. In this solution, different burst optical signals are converted into voltage signals through the PD, and the voltage signals are then amplified to a same level by a succeeding amplifying circuit. In this process, the voltage signals need to be stabilized through automatic convergence. The automatic convergence takes a long time. Therefore, a disadvantage of this solution is that fast convergence cannot be implemented, and uplink bandwidth efficiency is relatively low. <CIT> describes a photoreceiver preamplifier circuit with high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range. The circuit comprises a photodiode, a trans-impedance amplifier, a single-end-to differential amplifier, an output buffer circuit, a peak detection circuit and a direct current maladjustment eliminating circuit. <CIT> describes a method for remote amplification in a passive optical network and an optical line terminal omprising: generating a control message to control the amplification of upstream optical signals according to the delay of optical signals from optical network units to the upstream optical signal amplifier and different arrival time of upstream optical signals from optical network units to the upstream optical signal amplifier; transmitting the downstream optical signal composed of a downstream service signal and the said control message; receiving the said downstream optical signal, extracting the said control message and generating a pump current to control the said upstream optical signal amplifier according to the said control message; amplifying upstream optical signals arriving at different time according to the said pump current. <CIT> describes a gain control method of an optical receiver and an optical receiving device, which belong to the field of network communication. The device comprises bias power supplies connected in series in turn, R1, a photoelectric detector, TIA <NUM> and a control circuit, wherein the photoelectric detector converts an optical signal into a current signal; TIA <NUM> converts the current signal into a voltage signal and outputs the amplified voltage signal; the control circuit comprises a detection circuit, TIA <NUM> and a transconductance amplifier; the detection circuit is coupled with the output of TIA <NUM> to detect the voltage signal output by TIA <NUM> and output the current signal proportionate to the voltage signal output by TIA <NUM>; TIA <NUM> converts the current signal output by the detectioncircuit into voltage signal; and the transconductance amplifier converts the voltage signal converted by TIA <NUM> into the current signal.

Embodiments of this application provide a receiver, an optical line terminal, and a passive optical network system, to resolve an existing problem of relatively long convergence time for an uplink burst optical signal in a receiver, implement reception of an optical signal in a wide dynamic range, reduce convergence time, and improve uplink bandwidth efficiency.

According to a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a receiver, where the receiver includes a photodetector, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a controller; the photodetector is coupled to the first amplifier, the first amplifier is coupled to the second amplifier, and the first amplifier and the second amplifier are separately coupled to the controller; the controller is configured to control a gain of the first amplifier and a gain of the second amplifier based on a preset arrival time of an optical signal and a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal; the photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into a current signal; the first amplifier is configured to convert the current signal into a first voltage signal based on the gain of the first amplifier; and the second amplifier is configured to convert the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal based on the gain of the second amplifier. When different optical signals arrive at the receiver, the controller may control and adjust a gain of the first amplifier and a gain of the second amplifier to corresponding gain values based on each optical signal, to implement reception of an optical signal in a wide dynamic range. When the first amplifier and the second amplifier use different gain value combinations for different optical signals, each output second voltage signal may be close to a required stable value, to reduce convergence time required for stabilizing a voltage signal, and improve uplink bandwidth efficiency.

In a possible design, the controller is specifically configured to: search for a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal based on a preset global gain control (GGC) control table; generate a target reset signal combination based on the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal, where the target reset signal combination includes at least one reset signal; generate the first control signal and the second control signal based on the target reset signal combination; and control the gain of the first amplifier by using the first control signal, and control the gain of the second amplifier by using the second control signal.

In a possible design, the first amplifier includes a trans-impedance amplifier.

In a possible design, the second amplifier includes a differential amplifier.

In a possible design, the photodetector is an avalanche photodiode (APD) and the APD is coupled to the controller. The controller is further specifically configured to: generate a third control signal based on the target reset signal combination, and control a gain of the APD by using the third control signal.

In a possible design, the receiver provided in this embodiment of this application further includes a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), the photodetector is a PIN photoelectric detector, and the SOA is coupled to the PIN photoelectric detector and the controller. The SOA is configured to amplify the optical signal received by the PIN photoelectric detector before the PIN photoelectric detector receives the optical signal. The controller is further specifically configured to: generate a fourth control signal based on the target reset signal combination, and control a gain of the SOA by using the fourth control signal.

In a possible design, the receiver provided in this embodiment of this application further includes a buffer, where the buffer is coupled to the second amplifier, and is configured to output the second voltage signal converted by the second amplifier.

In a possible design, the receiver provided in this embodiment of this application further includes a first trans-impedance and a second trans-impedance, where the first trans-impedance is coupled to the first amplifier, the second trans-impedance is coupled to the second amplifier, and an impedance value of the first trans-impedance and an impedance value of the second trans-impedance are controllable; and the first control signal and the second control signal are respectively applied to the first trans-impedance and the second trans-impedance, to control the gain of the first amplifier and the gain of the second amplifier.

According to a second aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an OLT, where the OLT includes the receiver according to any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

According to a third aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a PON system, where the PON system includes an OLT and the OLT includes the receiver according to any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. The passive optical network system further includes an ONU and an optical distribution network (optical distribution network, ODN).

In the technical solutions for the receiver provided in the embodiments of this application, the receiver includes the photodetector, the first amplifier, the second amplifier, and the controller, where the photodetector is coupled to the first amplifier, the first amplifier is coupled to the second amplifier, and the first amplifier and the second amplifier are separately coupled to the controller; the controller is configured to control the gain of the first amplifier and the gain of the second amplifier based on the preset arrival time of the optical signal and the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal; the photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into the current signal; the first amplifier is configured to convert the current signal into the first voltage signal; and the second amplifier is configured to convert the first voltage signal into the second voltage signal. When different optical signals arrive at the receiver, the controller may control and adjust the gain of the first amplifier and the gain of the second amplifier to the corresponding gain values based on each optical signal, to implement reception of the optical signal in the wide dynamic range, reduce the convergence time required for receiving the optical signal, and improve the uplink bandwidth efficiency.

The following describes technical solutions in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application.

The embodiments of this application may be applied to a passive optical network (passive optical network, PON) system shown in <FIG>. The PON system includes an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT), an optical distribution network (optical distribution network, ODN), and an optical network unit (optical network unit, ONU). In the PON system, transmission in a direction from the OLT to the ONU is referred to as downlink transmission, and transmission in a direction from the ONU to the OLT is referred to as uplink transmission. In the downlink transmission, the OLT broadcasts downlink data to each ONU. In the uplink transmission, time division multiplexing is used, and each ONU transmits uplink data to the OLT based on a transmission timeslot allocated by the OLT. Both the uplink data and the downlink data use an optical signal as a data carrier. The ONU provides a user side interface for the PON system, and is connected to the ODN. The ODN is a passive optical splitting device, and generally includes a passive optical splitter (which is also referred to as a splitter), a feeder fiber, and a distribution fiber. The ODN may summarize uplink data of a plurality of ONUs and transmit the uplink data to the OLT, and can also transmit downlink data of the OLT to each ONU.

An embodiment of this application provides a receiver, where the receiver may be applied to an OLT in a PON system. The receiver features a wide dynamic range and short convergence time, to implement reception of an optical signal in the wide dynamic range, and reduce convergence time required in a process of converting the optical signal into a voltage signal.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a receiver according to an embodiment of this application.

As shown in <FIG>, the receiver <NUM> provided in this embodiment of this application may include a photodetector <NUM>, a first amplifier <NUM>, a second amplifier <NUM>, and a controller <NUM>, where the photodetector <NUM> is coupled to the first amplifier <NUM>, the first amplifier <NUM> is coupled to the second amplifier <NUM>, and the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> are separately coupled to the controller <NUM>.

The controller <NUM> is configured to: generate a first control signal and a second control signal based on a preset arrival time of an optical signal and a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal; and control a gain of the first amplifier <NUM> by using the first control signal, and control a gain of the second amplifier <NUM> by using the second control signal.

The photodetector <NUM> is configured to receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into a current signal.

The first amplifier <NUM> is configured to convert, based on the gain of the first amplifier controlled by the controller <NUM>, the current signal output by the photodetector <NUM> into a first voltage signal. The first voltage signal is a direct current voltage signal and the direct current voltage signal is unstable.

The second amplifier <NUM> is configured to convert, based on the gain of the second amplifier controlled by the controller <NUM>, the first voltage signal output by the first amplifier <NUM> into a second voltage signal. The second voltage signal is a stable differential alternating current voltage that is output after gain amplification of the first voltage signal.

Optionally, the receiver <NUM> may further include a buffer <NUM>, where the buffer <NUM> is coupled to the second amplifier <NUM>, and may be configured to output the second voltage signal converted by the second amplifier <NUM>.

When different optical signals arrive at the receiver, the controller may control and adjust a gain of the first amplifier and a gain of the second amplifier to corresponding gain values based on each optical signal, to implement reception of an optical signal in a wide dynamic range. When the first amplifier and the second amplifier use different gain value combinations for different optical signals, each output second voltage signal may be close to a required stable value, to reduce convergence time required for stabilizing a voltage signal, and improve uplink bandwidth efficiency.

Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the first amplifier <NUM> is specifically a trans-impedance amplifier, and the second amplifier <NUM> is specifically a differential amplifier.

Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> may be integrated on a same target chip. The target chip includes a reset pin, and the controller <NUM> is specifically configured to:
search for a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal based on a preset global gain control (global gain control, GGC) control table; and generate a target reset signal combination based on the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal, where the target reset signal combination may include at least one reset signal. When the target reset signal combination includes at least one reset signal, the target reset signal combination may be any combination form of high and low level signals, or may be any combination form of wide-different pulse signals, and different combination modes may indicate different information. When the target reset signal combination includes only one reset signal, the reset signal may be a pulse signal, and pulse signals of different widths may indicate different information. The target reset signal combination is input into the reset pin, so that the target chip generates a first control signal and a second control signal. Then, the target chip may control the gain of the first amplifier <NUM> by using the first control signal, and control the gain of the second amplifier <NUM> by using the second control signal.

The GGC control table is preset based on an average uplink receive power when optical signals transmitted by different ONUs arrive at the same receiver.

Specifically, the average uplink receive power when the optical signals transmitted by the different ONUs arrive at the receiver can be calculated based on an average downlink receive power and an average uplink transmit power of the different ONUs for the optical signals, and an average downlink transmit power of the receiver itself for the optical signals. A specific calculation formula is as follows: <MAT> where
Purx represents an uplink receive power; Pdtx represents a downlink transmit power; Putx represents an uplink transmit power; and Pdrx represents a downlink receive power. An average uplink receive power may be obtained through a plurality of calculations of optical signals.

A gain setting solution used for the optical signal transmitted by each ONU may be determined based on a receive power range in which an average uplink receive power corresponding to each ONU is located. For different receive power ranges, different gain setting solutions may be set, and gain intensities corresponding to the gain setting solutions are different, specifically as shown in Table <NUM>.

In Table <NUM>, a receive power of the optical signal may be represented by a current value of the current signal converted by the photodetector. For an optical signal transmitted by the ONU in a range of a lower receive power, a total gain of the optical signal received by the receiver is larger. For an optical signal transmitted by the ONU in a range of a higher receive power, a total gain of the optical signal received by the receiver is smaller.

By inputting a target reset signal combination into the reset pin on the target chip, the controller can transmit different control signals to the first amplifier and the second amplifier. When the receiver receives two optical signals adjacent to each other on the time axis, there is a timeslot in which the receiver does not receive an optical signal. When different target reset signal combinations are input through the reset pin at a start moment and an end moment of the timeslot, different gain intensities may be set. A specific solution for the target reset signal combination may be shown in the following tables.

The three solutions shown in Table <NUM>, Table <NUM>, and Table <NUM> may be applied to a receiver with a single reception rate. A target reset signal combination formed by a tail reset signal and a head reset signal may enable a target integrating the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> to generate a corresponding first control signal and a corresponding second control signal, which respectively indicate the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> to use corresponding gain intensities.

The solution shown in Table <NUM> may also be applied to a receiver with a single reception rate. The target reset signal combination includes only the head reset signal and the reset signal is a pulse signal. Pulse signals of different widths may enable the target integrating the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> to generate a corresponding first control signal and a corresponding second control signal, which respectively indicate the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM> to use corresponding gain intensities.

For a receiver with a plurality of reception rates, the solution shown in Table <NUM> may be used.

In the solution shown in Table <NUM>, the tail reset signal is used to indicate a reception rate, and the head reset signal is used to indicate a gain intensity.

It should be noted that, the tail reset signal is a reset signal that is input at a start moment of a timeslot in which the receiver does not receive an optical signal, that is, at a moment at which reception of a previous optical signal is completed; and the head reset signal is a reset signal that is input at an end moment of a timeslot in which the receiver does not receive an optical signal, that is, at a moment at which reception of a next optical signal starts.

In a simple example in which the target reset signal combination includes the tail reset signal and the head reset signal, as shown in <FIG>, in different optical signal reception timeslots, inputting the target reset signal combination into the reset pin may control the gain of the first amplifier and the gain of the second amplifier to be adjusted, to adjust a total gain of the receiver. In this way, when receiving different optical signals, the receiver may convert the optical signals into voltage signals of a same level. It should be noted that, the voltage signals of the same level do not mean that voltage values of all the voltage signals have to be the same, but within a same deviation range.

Optionally, the receiver <NUM> further includes a first trans-impedance <NUM> and a second trans-impedance <NUM>, where the first trans-impedance <NUM> is coupled to the first amplifier <NUM>, the second trans-impedance <NUM> is coupled to the second amplifier <NUM>, and an impedance value of the first trans-impedance and an impedance value of the second trans-impedance are controllable. The control signal <NUM> and the control signal <NUM> in Table <NUM> may be respectively used to control the first trans-impedance <NUM> and the second trans-impedance <NUM> in the receiver <NUM> provided in this embodiment of this application, thereby controlling the gain of the first amplifier <NUM> and the gain of the second amplifier <NUM>. The control signal <NUM> and the control signal <NUM> may correspond to the first control signal and the second control signal described above.

If the receiver <NUM> further includes other gain components that have a gain effect, a control signal N may be further used to control gains of these gain components. It should be understood that a plurality of different total gain setting effects can be achieved by using different control signal combinations. Table <NUM> shows only four gain setting solutions implemented by controlling the gain of the first amplifier <NUM> and the gain of the second amplifier <NUM>. When the receiver <NUM> further includes other gain components that have a gain effect, a quantity of the gain setting solutions may be increased.

Because different ONUs transmit optical signals based on timeslots allocated by the OLT, times at which the optical signals transmitted by the different ONUs arrive at the OLT are controlled by the OLT. Based on the gain setting solutions shown in Table <NUM> and the arrival times of the different optical signals controlled by the OLT, a GGC control table may be generated in advance, where corresponding gain intensities are preset for the optical signals having different arrival times.

Therefore, during operation of the receiver <NUM>, the controller <NUM> may search for a gain intensity corresponding to each optical signal based on the preset GGC control table before the optical signal arrives, and generate a corresponding control signal based on the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal, to preset a gain of each gain node (for example, the first amplifier <NUM> and the second amplifier <NUM>) by using the control signal. This ensures that when the optical signal arrives, the optical signal is subject to processing such as optical-to-electrical conversion, thereby implementing fast convergence.

In a specific embodiment, the controller <NUM> may be a media access control (media access control, MAC) chip in the OLT, and the GGC control table may be integrated into the MAC chip.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the photodetector <NUM> may be an avalanche photodiode (avalanche photodiode, APD), and the APD may be coupled to the controller <NUM>.

The controller <NUM> may be further specifically configured to: generate a third control signal (that is, a control signal <NUM> in <FIG>) based on the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal, and control a gain of the APD by using the third control signal. Specifically, the third control signal may control the gain of the APD by controlling a voltage of the APD. The third control signal may correspond to the control signal N in Table <NUM>.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the receiver <NUM> may further include a semiconductor optical amplifier <NUM> (semiconductor optical amplifier, SOA). The photodetector <NUM> may be specifically a PIN photoelectric detector, and the SOA is coupled to the PIN photoelectric detector and the controller <NUM>. The SOA may be configured to amplify the optical signal received by the PIN photoelectric detector before the PIN photoelectric detector receives the optical signal.

The controller <NUM> may be further specifically configured to: generate a fourth control signal (that is, a control signal <NUM> in <FIG>) based on the gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal, and control a gain of the SOA by using the fourth control signal. Specifically, the fourth control signal may control the gain of the SOA by controlling a pump current of the SOA. The fourth control signal may correspond to the control signal N in Table <NUM>.

An embodiment of this application provides an OLT, where the OLT includes the receiver according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

An embodiment of this application provides a PON system, where the PON system includes an OLT and an ONU, and the OLT includes the receiver according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

Claim 1:
A receiver (<NUM>), comprising a photodetector (<NUM>), a first amplifier (<NUM>), a second amplifier (<NUM>), and a controller (<NUM>), wherein the photodetector (<NUM>) is coupled to the first amplifier (<NUM>), the first amplifier (<NUM>) is coupled to the second amplifier (<NUM>), and the first amplifier (<NUM>) and the second amplifier (<NUM>) are separately coupled to the controller (<NUM>);
the controller (<NUM>) is configured to control a gain of the first amplifier (<NUM>) and a gain of the second amplifier (<NUM>) based on a preset arrival time of an optical signal and a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal;
the photodetector (<NUM>) is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into a current signal;
the first amplifier (<NUM>) is configured to convert the current signal into a first voltage signal based on the gain of the first amplifier; and
the second amplifier (<NUM>) is configured to convert the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal based on the gain of the second amplifier.