Patent Description:
The refining put in place by the device produces food spreads and food emulsions from processing a raw material in grain form, which is widely used and available in the food industry.

The industrial processes for processing cocoa beans, peanuts, hazelnuts etc. are well known in the State of the Art of technology. One of these processes involves shredding the food matter until a small grain purified of any waste and/or rejects and properly sanitized is obtained.

This semi-finished product comes to constitute the raw material that feeds a series of devices called "refiners", which make it possible to obtain, from this raw material, a finished product in the form of an emulsion of spreadable cream, in turn usable for the production of various foods, such as, for example, chocolates and spreadable creams.

The refiners are mechanical devices that crush the food grain until the fatty substances in it are released. The solid elements are crushed and reduced to dimensions in the micrometre range (<NUM>-<NUM> meters).

Water, fatty substances and solid elements processed by refiners thus all together form an emulsion or spreadable cream that can be reused in further processes to create the aforementioned food products.

There are various constructive types of refiners on the market, which put in place different procedures for obtaining the semi-finished food product derived from plant seeds.

In Application (<CIT> is unveiled a refiner mainly made up of a rotating notched disc (<NUM>, Prior Art) inserted inside two fixed facing plates, also equipped with serrations, which, fed by the food grain, appropriately crush that grain food to obtain the emulsion.

The layout proposed in the Application (<CIT> is undoubtedly highly effective but it also presents a great complexity and large size of the device, well justified in a purely industrial field of use.

In the Application (<CIT> is unveiled a refiner that does not use notched and facing discs, but rather rollers inserted is special fifth wheels driven by a drive shaft, which form multiple and repeated crushing environments for the food grain.

The layout of Application (<CIT> is designed for the production of large quantities of food emulsion and presents a structural complication that is always justified by the particular field of application. The Application <CIT> reveal a refiner for large production without the necessary tuned technical aspect for a small sized device. Application <CIT> reveal an integrated crushing, solid-liquid separation and compression dewatering apparatus for food waste disposal, that is a general-purpose machine not tuned for food seeds with a simplified small-to-medium-sized layout.

There are also, commercially available, refiners called "spheres" or "marbles" refiners ("www. selmi-group. com/micron-<NUM>-spreadable-creams-ball-refiner. htlm" and "www. tecno-<NUM>. it/prodotto_3_16. htlm") which consist of a metal container containing hundreds of metal balls which, once in motion by means of one or more mechanical paddles, create the necessary friction to break up the food grain and transform it into spreadable cream or emulsion of it.

Ball refiners, however, present the disadvantage of food contamination, due to mechanical wear of the metal spheres, wear that results in metal powder diluted inside the processed product.

This makes the replacement of balls within the machine frequent, and even this refiner layout is only geared towards and attractive to large production chains.

The scope of this Invention is therefore the design of a refiner for food seeds with a simplified small-to-medium-sized layout, which can be used in areas not dedicated to large-scale industrial production and which has advantages and peculiarities that make it advantageous to use.

The device, result of the present Invention, is made up of a machine body which implements a cylindrical container, horizontally fixed.

On the inner surface of the cylindrical container, groups of rotating rollers operate by friction, according to a programmable force from one or more spring push elements, which are integral with the rotation transmitted by a central rotating shaft connected to one or more mechanical joining segments between the roller assemblies and the aforementioned central rotating shaft.

The device, result of the present Invention, has the following advantages:.

The drawings table is integrated in the documents of this application in order to exemplify the characteristics of the device, even highlighting variations in the application described therein; in this case it reveals:.

] The description of the different forms of realization of this invention is revealed here for illustrative purpose and it is not intended to be completely exhaustive or limited to the form of realization described therein.

Moreover, all possible modification of an obvious nature of the Invention and its field of application, put in place by persons experienced in the field, do not limit the terms of the license itself.

The weight, length and pressure parameters of this description comply with the International System of Units (S.

According to the form of realization of the Invention the grain processing chamber is made up of a metallic cylinder put in the machine in a horizontal position (<NUM>), i.e. parallel to the supporting surface of the machine result of the present Invention.

The dimensions of the cylindrical processing chamber can vary, depending on the desired application, in a range from <NUM> to <NUM> in diameter, preferably <NUM> (<NUM>) and a length between <NUM> and <NUM>, preferably <NUM> (<NUM>).

According to the form of realization of the Invention in the centre of the cylindrical processing chamber there is a rotation shaft (<NUM>) (<NUM>), driven by a motor outside the chamber. The rotating shaft has appropriate housings (<NUM>) on which one or more mechanical segments of junction will be fitted to join the rotating roller assembly.

According to the form of realization of the Invention are then arranged some junction mechanical segments (<NUM>), made up of groups of three mechanical segments (<NUM>) (<NUM>) (<NUM>), hollow and spaced at an angle of <NUM>° (<NUM>), joined at one end to a central hollow cylindrical shaft (<NUM>), prepared to be inserted on the rotating shaft inside the cylindrical processing chamber (<NUM>).

According to the form of realization of the Invention an elastic thrust device, consisting of a mechanical spring, is inserted into each of the three hollow mechanical joint segments (<NUM>). The above-mentioned elastic thrust device will produce the appropriate force on the roller rotating assembly towards the inner surface of the cylindrical processing chamber, in order to crush and crumble the food grain interposed between the aforementioned rotating rollers and the inner wall of the cylindrical processing chamber.

According to the form of realization of the Invention, each one of the hollow mechanical joint segments fitted with the mechanical spring is capable of housing an end pivot (<NUM>) inside, so as to form a sliding joint along an axial direction; the mechanical spring, interposed between segment and pivot, can thus exert its outward thrust.

According to the form of realization of the Invention the terminal pivot intersects with a further segment, that is fixed orthogonally to the axis of the aforementioned pivot (<NUM>), at the side ends (<NUM>) (<NUM>) of which two or more rotating rollers are assembled (<NUM>) (<NUM>) by means of special anti-friction brushings (<NUM>). The distance between the centre of the rotating of the rotating shaft and the outer surface of the rotating rollers is such that it compresses the elastic mechanical springs when placed inside the cylindrical processing chamber.

In <FIG> a side view of the cylindrical processing chamber is revealed (<NUM>), complete with its mechanical joint segments and three groups of rotating rollers spaced <NUM>° apart (<NUM>).

The food grain, subjected to the crushing process by the rotating rollers, releases its fat content inside the cylindrical processing chamber; nevertheless, the spreadable cream thus formed will partly tend to stick to the sidewalls of the aforementioned cylindrical processing chamber, that is to say those areas of the chamber's surface not processed by the rotating rollers, thus making it impossible a correct processing of all the ingredient contained in the above-mentioned chamber.

According to the form of realization of the Invention, for the purpose of conveniently mixing the spreadable cream, two or more scraping blades are applied for the front and the rear walls of the cylindrical processing chamber (<NUM>) (<NUM>), in contact with it, integral with the central hollow cylindrical shaft, from which they appropriately take the rotatory motion by segments built with synthetic or metallic material. Optionally, the above-mentioned blades can be integral with the rotating shaft. The adequate pressure to the side walls of the above-mentioned cylindrical processing chamber is performed by suitable thrust springs (<NUM>) assembled between the scraping blades and the rotating shaft.

<FIG> shows a side view of the cylindrical processing chamber with the the scraping blades (<NUM>) (<NUM>) integral with the cylindrical hollow central shaft (<NUM>).

<FIG> highlights more the area of the cylindrical processing chamber's sidewalls where the spreadable cream accumulation can occur, i.e. the ones not processed by the rotating rollers, so the portion of the front area (<NUM>)] and the rear one (<NUM>).

According to the form of realization of the Invention, to ease the production of an emulsion or a spreadable cream from food grain crushing, the cylindrical processing chamber is enveloped by an electrical resistive element that can raise the temperature inside the above-mentioned chamber, if necessary, during a processing cycle. This increase in temperature from the ambient one is particularly necessary in the first moments of processing; an excessive temperature level of the spreadable cream, due to friction processes during the processing cycle, however, is averted by the size ration of the device resulting from the present Invention, dimensions that allow for adequate dissipation of excessive heat. To ease this, there are adequate air circulation openings in the external chassis of the device.

The food grain is inserted in the cylindrical processing chamber through an upper opening connected to e removable conical hopper (<NUM>), which allows the food material to be conveniently discharged.

According to the form of realization of the Invention, the cylindrical processing chamber is hosted inside a chassis in the shape of a parallelepiped (<NUM>), so that its length is parallel to the work surface; the rotating rollers then work with a rotational movement, perpendicular to the work surface along the circumference of the aforementioned chamber.

According to the form of realization of the Invention the front wall of the cylindrical processing chamber can be opened by the user thanks to a lid (<NUM>), on the bottom of which there is an opening (<NUM>) leading to a tap. From this tap the spreadable cream, prepared by the processing cycle of the device, can flow. This opening enables both the device maintenance operations and cleaning and retention activities of the same. Moreover, the lid of the processing chamber front wall has, in the centre, a housing for the support of the rotation shaft. The rear wall of the cylindrical processing chamber is closed and geared with a central perforation and a bushing for the presence of the rotation shaft on which the mechanical joint segments and the end pivots with their respective sets of rotating rollers are attached. The surface of the openable front wall and the surface of the rear wall of the cylindrical processing chamber are worked by the scraping blades. In addition, in <FIG> the side (<NUM>) and the rear (<NUM>) openings are visible. They allow the correct ventilation and temperature management of the device during the processing cycle, as stated in chapter [<NUM>].

According to the form of realization of the Invention the driving force required for the roundabout movement of the central shaft is provided by an electric motor house externally and equipped with a logic control circuit managed by a microprocessor, such that the rotation speed can be varied at will according to the processing requirements set by the user.

The logic circuit arranged, according to the form of realization of the Invention, also controls some device operating parameters, as the cylindrical processing chamber temperature, parameters measured through connection to one or more temperature sensors, the management of electrical resistance, as well as the processing times of the food grain. The logic management system is equipped with an interface for data entry by the user, including touch interface.

The manufacturing of food seeds by the device result of the present Invention allows producing spreadable creams with suspended elements of the order of tens of micrometres in size (<NUM>-<NUM> meters) without the use of bulky machinery designed for large-scale industrial production.

According to the form of realization of the Invention, the constituent materials of the rotating rollers that perform the crushing on the food grain can be made of different materials, or coated with them, in order to adapt to different types of raw material to be processed; this construction, or coating, can be achieved with stainless steel, stone etc..

According to the form of realization of the Invention, even the inside of the cylindrical processing chamber can be coated with the same range of suitable materials, compatible with contact with food substances.

Moreover, according to the form of realization of the Invention, the rotation of the rotating shaft can be reversed to ease the ejection of the spreadable cream from the lower opening of the cylindrical processing chamber's lid. This opposite rotation, in fact, allows the scraping blades to push the spreadable cream towards the opening provided with tap.

According to the form of realization of the Invention, moreover, a mechanical set-up via lever is provided on the opposite side of the one of the cylindrical processing chamber's lid, to tilt the machine body, relative to the work surface by a maximum angle of <NUM> degrees. This inclination can a reach a maximum angle of <NUM> degrees towards the vertical axis (<NUM>).

The application of choice of the device, result of the present Invention, is that of production of small and medium quantities of spreadable creams and food emulsions, obtained by controlled crushing of seeds, i.e. peanuts, cocoa, pistachio nuts, walnuts, hazelnuts etc.; however, it can also be used with other food raw materials that require similar mechanical processing.

Claim 1:
Refining machine of raw material consisting of seeds and / or granulated vegetable substances making the spreadable creams and / or emulsions by crushing, composed by a parallelepiped-shaped metal chassis equipped with an upper opening connected to a removable conical hopper and a raw material processing chamber within:
a. the raw material processing chamber (<NUM>) is made of cylindrical metal, closed on one side, with a diameter between <NUM> and <NUM>, rather <NUM>, and a length between <NUM> and <NUM>, rather <NUM>,
b. the length axis of the cylindrical processing chamber is placed horizontally to the work surface,
c. the cylindrical processing chamber is equipped with an electrical resistance and one or more temperature sensors.
d. the closed side of the cylindrical processing chamber has a central opening in which a rotation shaft (<NUM>) is fitted by means of an anti-friction bushing,
e. a hollow cylindrical shaft is fitted concentrically on the rotation shaft,
f. the hollow cylindrical shaft is integral with three empty segments tops (<NUM>)(<NUM>)(<NUM>) spaced of an angle of <NUM>° (<NUM>),
g. three elastic mechanical springs (<NUM>) are fitted inside the three empty segments (<NUM>)(<NUM>)(<NUM>),
h. three pivots (<NUM>) are mounted inside the empty segment tops, fitted with the elastic mechanical springs placed between the empty segment and the pivot, so that the mechanical elastic spring push out,
i. an orthogonal segment is integral to the head of each pivot (<NUM>) of which at the tops two rotating rollers (<NUM>)(<NUM>) are fitted with two anti-friction bushings,
j. the distance between the rotation shaft center and the rotating rollers outer surface is such as to compress the elastic mechanical springs placed between the empty segment and the pivot,
k. the opened side of the cylindrical processing chamber is closed by a lid, designed to fit the rotation shaft top,
l. near the rotation shaft top and inside the cylindrical chamber, two or more scraping blades (<NUM>)(<NUM>) are fixed by means of two segments of metal or synthetic material, pushed outwards by one or more mechanical springs (<NUM>).
m. the scraper blade operating near the cylindrical processing chamber lid is fitted so that one side of the aforementioned blade is tangent to the lid surface,
n. the blade operating on the cylindrical processing chamber closed side is fitted so that the aforementioned blade is tangent to the closed side surface of the cylindrical processing chamber.