Patent Description:
Industrial laundry or washing facilities commonly comprise a plurality of washing machines, which are provided with the required chemical washing fluids by an external delivery system. Each machine sends periodic requests for chemicals to a main dosing unit according to its programmed wash cycle, and the main dosing unit then sends operation signals to one of a bank of pumps to pump an amount of concentrated chemical from a drum to the machine in question. The chemical can be delivered neat to the machine, but usually it is mixed with water from a mains supply at a dilution station first. Such an arrangement provides considerable advantages over the manual loading of chemicals into each machine prior to each wash cycle.

These kinds of external chemical delivery systems commonly use a complex manifold comprising a plurality of solenoid valves to selectively direct the diluted chemical washing fluid to the correct machine. The main dosing unit sends operation signals to the manifold so the solenoid associated with the washing machine in question is opened, and the diluted chemical washing fluid is directed thereto. However, these manifolds suffer from a number of problems. Firstly, the internal volume of the manifold is relatively large and is fully flooded with diluted chemical washing fluid whichever of the solenoids is opened. This means that the whole manifold has to be flushed with water between deliveries. Secondly, solenoid valves are expensive and relatively unreliable. The present invention is intended to address some of these problems. <CIT> discloses a water distributing device for a washing machine which supplies hot and cold water to a chemical additive dispenser, and <CIT> discloses an automatic washing machine having a rotatable valve member that directs water to different water outlet ports.

Therefore, according to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a manifold as defined in the appended claim <NUM>.

Thus, the present invention provides a new approach to selectively directing diluted chemical washing fluid to industrial washing machines by using a moving conduit member which moves between the fluid outlets, rather than having static manifold pipework and solenoid values controlling each fluid outlet.

The physical positions of the fluid outlets relative to the fluid inlet, and the manner of movement of the conduit member between the fluid outlets can be any suitable arrangement. For example, in one version of the invention the fluid outlets can be arranged radially around a central fluid inlet, a first end of the conduit member can be rotationally mounted to the fluid inlet, and the conduit member can be rotated in order to selectively associate the second end of the fluid path with the fluid outlets. As such, the movement of the conduit member can be rotational about an axis.

The conduit member comprises a delivery head, and the support member comprises a track upon which the delivery head can be mounted for movement. As such, the whole delivery head, and the fluid path therethrough, can travel along the track.

The delivery head comprises a shuttle carriage mounted for movement on the track, a connector member and a second drive mechanism. The connector member comprises the fluid path therethrough, and a probe portion with the second end of the fluid path at an outer end thereof. The connector member is mounted for movement on a guide provided at a front side of the shuttle carriage, and the second drive mechanism is configured to move the connector member on the guide according to commands issued by the control module between a retracted position in which the delivery head is able to move freely on the track between the plurality of fluid outlets, and an advanced position in which the probe portion extends through one of the fluid outlets. Therefore, the delivery head travels back and forth on the track between the fluid outlets, and when it reaches the requisite position the probe moves down through the fluid outlet in order for fluid to be delivered correctly.

In the retracted position the outer end may be level with or above a lower surface of the shuttle carriage, and in the advanced position the probe portion may be proud of the lower surface and extend through one of the fluid outlets.

A fluid line extends from the fluid inlet to a first end of the fluid path, to allow the whole delivery head and the fluid path therethrough to travel along the track. The first drive mechanism can then be configured to move the delivery head on the track to selectively associate a second end of the fluid path with one of the plurality of fluid outlets according to commands issued by the control module.

The plurality of fluid outlets can be arranged in any configuration which can be accessed by means of a track, including a curved configuration. However, preferably the plurality of fluid outlets can be arranged in a line, the track can be parallel to the line, and at least a portion of the fluid path which terminates at the second end thereof can be normal to the line. Further, the first drive mechanism can be configured to move the delivery head reciprocally on the track between positions in which the second end of the fluid path is aligned with one of the plurality of fluid outlets.

The guide can be any construction which can facilitate the reciprocal movement of the connector member. However, in a preferred embodiment the guide can comprise a plurality of guide shafts, and the connector member can comprise a body portion mounted to the guide shafts by means of a plurality of corresponding apertures formed therein. The probe portion can extend from the body portion parallel with the guide shafts, and the connector member can further comprise an arm portion which can be normal to the probe portion and which can have the first end of the fluid path at an outer end thereof. The fluid line can be mounted to the arm portion. Therefore, the fluid path through the connector member is generally L-shaped, with the fluid line being conveniently connected to the arm portion at <NUM> degrees to the probe portion which moves in and out of the fluid outlets. This arrangement positions the first end of the fluid path away from the guide shafts and the second drive mechanism, and allows for the fluid line to move freely up and down with the arm, as well as back and forth with the delivery head as a whole.

The second drive mechanism can be a linear motor mounted at one end of the guide, with a linear shaft thereof extending into the guide parallel with the guide shafts. The connector member can then comprise a socket in which the linear shaft can be mounted. This is a convenient and expedient arrangement for facilitating the movement of the connector member.

In a preferred construction a front side of the shuttle carriage can be parallel with the line, and the guide can comprise three guide shafts arranged in an isosceles triangle configuration with a hypotenuses side thereof parallel with the front side. The body portion of the connector member can be a corresponding isosceles triangle shape with the apertures at each corner thereof, and with the arm portion extending from a congruent side thereof at a normal angle thereto. This construction is compact while remaining structurally rigid.

The track upon which the delivery head moves can comprise a pair of parallel rods, and the shuttle carriage can be mounted to the rods by means of a pair of corresponding first openings formed therein. The first drive mechanism can comprise a stepper motor mounted at one end of the track, with a lead screw thereof extending along the track parallel with the rods. The shuttle carriage can then comprise a second opening formed therein through which the lead screw can extend, and the shuttle carriage can comprise a travelling nut mounted to the lead screw. As such, a simple rotational movement is used to move the delivery head back and forth along the track. Robust and accurate stepper motors are available which can be used to reliably move the delivery head in this way.

Preferably the manifold can comprise a base comprising a back wall, a shelf normal to the back wall, and a pair of spaced apart supports normal to the back wall and the shelf. The fluid outlets can then be provided in the shelf, and the track can be provided between the supports such that the delivery head travels over the shelf to access the fluid outlets. This construction allows the manifold to be mounted on a wall with the fluid outlets extending from its underside.

The fluid inlet to the manifold can be located on a rear side of the back wall, and a spout can extend from a front side of the back wall, with a fluid inlet path extending from the fluid inlet to an outer end of the spout. The fluid line can comprise a resilient tube, a first end of which can be mounted to the spout and a second end of which can be mounted to the arm portion.

Preferably the spout can be located on the back wall in a plane which dissects the line substantially half way along the length of the line. In other words the spout is located at a mid-point of the line, and as such the fluid line need only be long enough to reach the arm from that mid-point to each end of the line of fluid outlets.

A plurality of tail sections can extend from an underside of the shelf, and the manifold can comprises a plurality of fluid outlet paths, each one extending from one of the plurality of fluid outlets to an outer end of one of the tail sections. The tail sections can comprise annular formations for retaining outlet lines with which the manifold is used, which extend to the various washing machines with which the manifold will be used.

Each of the fluid outlet paths can comprise an annular seal member on an inner surface thereof, which can be spaced a shorter distance from the corresponding fluid outlet than the distance the probe portion extends from the lower surface. As such the annular seal member can form a fluid seal against the probe portion when the probe portion is in the advanced position. This prevents leakage of fluid in use.

In a preferred construction the shelf can comprise a plurality of mounting slots, and an outlet connector can be removably mounted in each of the slots. Each outlet connector can comprises one of the fluid outlets at an upper end thereof and one of the tail sections, and can define one of the fluid outlet paths therethrough. With this construction the outlet connectors can be readily switched out if they need to be replaced, and it also allows for the tail sections to be more readily mounted in the outlet lines while the outlet connectors are disconnected, before they are then slotted back in place. Further, it also allows for the outlet lines to be moved to different positions on the manifold if necessary.

It is important to ascertain the position of the delivery head and the connector member in order to ensure the correct functioning of the system. Therefore, the shuttle carriage can comprise a first position sensor on the front side and the connector member can comprise a protrusion on a rear side thereof which interacts with the first position sensor to determine the position of the connector member on the guide.

Further, the manifold can comprise a second position sensor at a first end of the track, and the delivery head can comprise a surface which can interact with the second position sensor when the delivery head is positioned at the first end of the track. This allows the delivery head to confirm its exact position from time to time.

The base can comprise a delivery compartment housing the track, first drive mechanism, delivery head and fluid outlets. It can then comprise a control compartment housing the control module, and control cables can pass from the control module to the first drive mechanism and to the delivery head. The control module can be in the form of a PCB with all the components required to carry out the functionality of the invention, such as a power supply, a programmable micro-controller, a database and an I/O to receive and send signals. As the construction of such a PCB will be within the abilities of the skilled person it will not be further described herein in any great detail. It is simply necessary that the PCB be configured to carry out the functions explained below.

Preferably control cables can pass from the control module to the delivery head via a control cable aperture provided in the back wall adjacent to the spout. As such, the aperture is also located at a mid-point of the line, and as such the control cables need only be long enough to reach the delivery head from that mid-point to each end of the line of fluid outlets. The control cables can be attached to a socket on the top of the shuttle carriage.

It will be appreciated that the manifold of the first aspect of the present invention can be sold as a standalone unit, however it is just as likely to be supplied as a part of an entire fluid delivery apparatus. Therefore, according to a second aspect of the present invention fluid delivery apparatus comprises a main dosing unit, a plurality of pumps, a water dilution station, and the manifold of the first aspect of the invention, in which each of said pumps is for pumping chemical washing fluid from a drum of chemical washing fluid with which said apparatus is used to said water dilution station, in which said water dilution station is configured to dilute said chemical washing fluid with water to form a dilution fluid and to direct it to said manifold, in which said manifold is for selectively directing said dilution fluid to one of a plurality of washing machines with which said apparatus is used, in which said main dosing unit is configured to send first operation signals to each of said pumps to pump chemical washing fluid from said drums to which they are connected to said water dilution station, in which said main dosing unit is configured to send second operation signals to said manifold to selectively direct said dilution fluid to one of said plurality of washing machines.

The present invention can be performed in various ways but one embodiment will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:.

As shown in the Figures a manifold <NUM> comprises a fluid inlet <NUM>, a plurality of fluid outlets <NUM>, a conduit member, in the form of delivery head <NUM>, a first drive mechanism, in the form of stepper motor <NUM>, and a control module, in the form of PCB <NUM>. The delivery head <NUM> comprises a fluid path <NUM> therethrough, and a fluid line <NUM> extends from the fluid inlet <NUM> to a first end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM>. The delivery head <NUM> is mounted for movement on a support member, in the form of track <NUM>, and the stepper motor <NUM> is configured to move the delivery head <NUM> on the track <NUM> to selectively associate a second end of <NUM> the fluid path <NUM> with one of the plurality of fluid outlets <NUM> according to commands issued by the PCB <NUM>.

The manifold <NUM> comprises a base <NUM> comprising a back wall <NUM>, a shelf <NUM> normal to the back wall <NUM>, and a pair of spaced apart supports <NUM> and <NUM> normal to the back wall <NUM> and the shelf <NUM>. The supports <NUM> and <NUM> are rectangular blocks which are fixed to the back wall <NUM> with blots. The seven fluid outlets <NUM> are provided in the shelf <NUM>, arranged in a straight line A-A. The track <NUM> is parallel to the line A-A and extends between the supports <NUM> and <NUM>. The delivery head <NUM> is mounted on the track <NUM> such that it travels over the shelf <NUM> to access the different fluid outlets <NUM>. As explained further below, a portion of the fluid path <NUM> which terminates at the second end <NUM> thereof is normal to the line A-A, such that it can be axially aligned with each of the seven fluid outlets <NUM>.

The track <NUM> comprises a pair of parallel rods <NUM> supported between the supports <NUM> and <NUM>, and the delivery head <NUM> comprises a shuttle carriage <NUM> mounted for reciprocal movement on the track <NUM> by means of a pair of corresponding first openings <NUM> formed therein. The first drive mechanism <NUM> comprises an electrical stepper motor of a known kind which is mounted to an outer side <NUM> of support <NUM>. A lead screw <NUM> of the stepper motor <NUM> passes through the support <NUM>, and runs between the rods <NUM> to the support <NUM>, where an outer end <NUM> thereof is supported by a bearing <NUM>. The shuttle carriage <NUM> comprises a second opening <NUM> formed therein through which the lead screw <NUM> extends. A travelling nut <NUM> is mounted to the side <NUM> of the shuttle carriage <NUM>, and is threaded onto the lead screw <NUM>. As such, the rotational movement of the lead screw <NUM> moves the delivery head <NUM> back and forth along the track <NUM>.

The delivery head <NUM> also comprises a connector member <NUM>, which is mounted on guide <NUM> provided at a front <NUM> of the shuttle carriage <NUM>. An upper plate <NUM> and a lower plate <NUM> are mounted to the shuttle carriage <NUM>, and extend proud of the front <NUM> thereof. The guide <NUM> comprises three guide shafts <NUM> mounted between the upper plate <NUM> and the lower plate <NUM>, which are arranged in an isosceles triangle configuration with a hypotenuses side thereof parallel with the front <NUM> of the shuttle carriage <NUM>. Referring to <FIG>, the connector member <NUM> comprises a body portion <NUM> which has a corresponding isosceles triangle shape with an aperture <NUM> at each corner thereof, through each of which a guide shaft <NUM> passes, such that the body portion <NUM> can slide up and down the guide <NUM>.

The connector member <NUM> comprises the fluid path <NUM> therethrough. It has a downwardly depending probe portion <NUM> which is parallel with the guide shafts <NUM> and has the second end of the fluid path <NUM> at an outer end <NUM> thereof. The connector member <NUM> further comprises an arm portion <NUM> which is normal to the probe portion <NUM> and has the first end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM> at an outer end <NUM> thereof. As is visible in the figures the arm portion <NUM> extends from a congruent side of the isosceles triangle shaped body portion <NUM> at a normal angle thereto. The fluid line <NUM> is mounted to the arm portion <NUM> in order to be fluidly connected to the first end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM>. Therefore, the fluid path <NUM> through the connector member <NUM> is generally L-shaped, which a first section extending through the arm portion <NUM>, and a second section orthogonal to the first extending through the probe portion <NUM>. Further, as is clear from <FIG>, the first end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM> is positioned away from the guide shafts <NUM> which allows for the fluid line <NUM> to move freely up and down with the arm portion <NUM>, as well as back and forth with the delivery head <NUM> as a whole, as explained further below.

A second drive mechanism, in the form of linear motor <NUM>, is mounted to the upper plate <NUM> above the guide <NUM>. A linear shaft <NUM> of the linear motor <NUM> extends down into the guide <NUM> parallel with the guide shafts <NUM>. The body portion <NUM> comprises a socket <NUM> in which the linear shaft <NUM> is mounted, so its movement is transmitted directly to the connector member <NUM>. As explained further below, the linear motor <NUM> is configured to move the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM> between a retracted position as shown in <FIG>, and an advanced position as shown in <FIG>. In the retracted position the outer end <NUM> of the probe portion <NUM> is level with a lower surface <NUM> of the lower plate <NUM>. The lower plate <NUM> comprises an aperture <NUM> through which the probe portion <NUM> passes, and in the retracted position the outer end <NUM> of the probe portion <NUM> is disposed in the aperture <NUM>. In this position the delivery head <NUM> can move freely on the track <NUM> between the fluid outlets <NUM> because the probe portion <NUM> is not proud thereof. In the advanced position the probe portion <NUM> is proud of the lower surface <NUM> and can extend through one of the fluid outlets <NUM>. This is the configuration illustrated in <FIG>. Therefore, the stepper motor <NUM> can move the delivery head <NUM> back and forth on the track <NUM> between the fluid outlets <NUM> when the connector member <NUM> is in the retracted position, and when the delivery head <NUM> is positioned over one of the fluid outlets <NUM> the linear motor <NUM> can advance the connector member <NUM> so the probe portion <NUM> moves down through the fluid outlet <NUM> in order for fluid to be delivered correctly.

As shown in <FIG> the fluid inlet <NUM> is located on a rear side <NUM> of the back wall <NUM>. It is provided at the end of a tube <NUM> which faces to one side of the manifold <NUM>. The tube <NUM> comprises a tail section <NUM> to which an inlet line <NUM> can be connected. With this arrangement the inlet line <NUM> can be run along a wall on which the manifold is mounted. A rear skirt section <NUM> is provided proud of the rear side <NUM> of the back wall <NUM> to shield the fluid inlet <NUM>. An indent <NUM> is provided for the inlet line <NUM> to pass through.

As shown in <FIG>, a spout <NUM> extends from a front side <NUM> of the back wall <NUM>. A fluid inlet path <NUM> extends from the fluid inlet <NUM> to an outer end <NUM> of the spout <NUM>. The fluid line <NUM> comprises a resilient tube, a first end <NUM> of which is mounted to the spout <NUM>, and a second end <NUM> of which is mounted to the arm portion <NUM>.

As is clear from <FIG>, the spout <NUM> is located on the back wall <NUM> in a plane which dissects the line A-A substantially half way along the length of the fluid outlets <NUM> on the line A-A. In other words the spout <NUM> is located at a mid-point of the line A-A, adjacent to the centre fluid outlet of the seven fluid outlets <NUM> provided, and as such the fluid line <NUM> need only be long enough to reach the arm portion <NUM> from that mid-point to each end of the line A-A of fluid outlets <NUM>. Enough slack is provided in the fluid line <NUM> to allow free movement of the delivery head <NUM> along the track <NUM>, and free movement of the connector member <NUM> alone the guide <NUM>.

The shelf <NUM> comprise a plurality of mounting slots <NUM>, in each of which an outlet connector <NUM> is removably mounted. Referring to <FIG>, each outlet connector <NUM> comprises a body portion <NUM> which defines one of the fluid outlets <NUM> at an upper end <NUM> thereof, a tail section <NUM>. A fluid outlet path <NUM> passes through the outlet connector <NUM> from the fluid outlet <NUM> to an outer end 60a of the tail section <NUM>. Each tail section <NUM> comprises annular formations <NUM> for retaining an outlet line <NUM> (shown in <FIG>), which extend to washing machines with which the manifold <NUM> will be used, as explained further below.

The outlet connectors <NUM> are a snap-fit in mounting slots <NUM>, and they comprise formations <NUM> on an external surface <NUM> thereof to facilitate this connection. With this construction the outlet connectors <NUM> can be readily switched out if they need to be replaced, and it also allows for the tail sections <NUM> to be more readily mounted in the outlet lines <NUM> while the outlet connectors <NUM> are disconnected, before they are then slotted back in place. Further, it also allows for the outlet lines <NUM> to be moved to different positions on the manifold <NUM> if necessary, without being disconnected from a tail section <NUM>.

The fluid outlet path <NUM> of each outlet connector <NUM> comprises an annular blade seal <NUM> on an inner surface <NUM> of the fluid outlet path <NUM>, which is spaced a shorter distance from the fluid outlet <NUM> than the distance the probe portion <NUM> extends from the lower surface <NUM>. As such the annular blade seal <NUM> forms a fluid seal against the probe portion <NUM> when the probe portion <NUM> is in the advanced position and located in the fluid outlet path <NUM>. This prevents leakage of fluid in use.

Further, the fluid outlet path <NUM> of each outlet connector <NUM> also comprises a one-way umbrella value therein (not visible), which prevents any back fluid from leaking out from the fluid outlets <NUM> in use.

It is important to ascertain the position of the delivery head <NUM> and the connector member <NUM> in order to ensure the correct functioning of the system. Referring to <FIG>, the shuttle carriage <NUM> comprises a first position sensor in the form of pressure sensor strip <NUM>, which is located in a slot <NUM> on the front side <NUM>, and the connector member <NUM> comprises a protrusion <NUM> on a rear side <NUM> thereof which rides over the pressure sensor strip <NUM>, so it can detect the position of the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, the manifold <NUM> comprises a second position sensor in the form of pressure sensor <NUM>, which is located on the rear side <NUM> of the back wall <NUM>, adjacent a first end 10a of the track <NUM>. The delivery head <NUM> comprise an interface surface, in the form of lip <NUM> at a rear side <NUM> of the lower plate <NUM>, which contacts the pressure sensor <NUM> when the delivery head <NUM> is positioned at the first end 10a of the track <NUM>. This allows the delivery head <NUM> to confirm its exact position from time to time. A lower elongate trough <NUM> is formed in the back wall <NUM>, in which the lip <NUM> travels when the delivery head <NUM> moves back and forth on the track <NUM>. An upper elongate trough <NUM> is also formed in the back wall <NUM>, in which a lip <NUM> at a rear side <NUM> of the upper plate <NUM> travels when the delivery head <NUM> moves. This arrangement also provides an additional level of support for the delivery head <NUM> in use.

Referring back to <FIG>, the base <NUM> comprises a delivery compartment <NUM> housing the track <NUM>, stepper motor <NUM>, delivery head <NUM> and fluid outlets <NUM>. It also comprises a control compartment <NUM> housing the PCB <NUM>. (The PCB <NUM> is shown as just a substrate for illustrative purposes, and in practice it would host all the necessary electronic components required to carry out the functionality of the invention, such as a power supply, a programmable micro-controller, a database and an I/O to receive and send signals. ) Control cables pass from the PCB <NUM> to the stepper motor <NUM> and to the delivery head <NUM>. Namely, first control cables (not visible) pass from the PCB <NUM> to the stepper motor <NUM> through chamber dividing wall <NUM>, so the PCB <NUM> can drive the stepper motor <NUM> to control the position of the delivery head <NUM> on the track <NUM>. They also allow for data to be sent back to the PCB <NUM>, such as performance or fault data gathered from the stepper motor <NUM>.

Second control cables <NUM> pass from the PCB <NUM> to the delivery head <NUM> firstly through an aperture <NUM> in a rear section <NUM> of the chamber dividing wall <NUM>, and then through a further aperture (not visible) provided in the back wall <NUM> just above the spout <NUM>. As is clear from <FIG>, the further aperture (not visible) is also located at a mid-point of the line A-A, and as such the second control cables <NUM> need only be long enough within the delivery compartment <NUM> to reach the delivery head <NUM> from that mid-point to each end of the line A-A of fluid outlets <NUM>. Enough slack is provided in the second control cables <NUM> to allow free movement of the delivery head <NUM> along the track <NUM>. The second control cables <NUM> are attached to a socket <NUM> on the upper plate <NUM> adjacent to the linear motor <NUM>. The second control cables <NUM> allow the PCB <NUM> to drive the linear motor <NUM> to control the position of the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM>. They also allow for data to be sent back to the PCB <NUM>, such as position data from the pressure sensor <NUM>, or other performance or fault data gathered from the linear motor <NUM>. Both the first control cables and the second control cables <NUM> provide both communications and power lines to provide for the full functionality of the manifold <NUM> as set out herein. Any of the known communications protocols can be used in order to facilitate two-way communication between the parts. Referring to <FIG>, the control compartment <NUM> comprises an opening <NUM> in its lower side <NUM>, to allow for power and communication lines <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) to be connected to the PCB <NUM>. Third control cables <NUM> pass from the pressure sensor <NUM> to the PCB <NUM> through the aperture <NUM>, so data gathered by the pressure sensor <NUM> can be communicated to the PCB <NUM>.

The manifold <NUM> is provided with a removable cover <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, in order to protect the various componentry in the delivery compartment <NUM> and the control compartment <NUM> in use, and to provide the manifold <NUM> with an ergonomic appearance.

In use the manifold <NUM> operates as follows. The manifold <NUM> forms a part of a fluid delivery apparatus <NUM>, as shown in diagrammatic form in <FIG>. The apparatus <NUM> comprises a main dosing unit <NUM>, which contains a main control PCB 101a which performs the controlling operations described below, and four pumps <NUM>. The apparatus <NUM> further comprises a water dilution station, in the form of dilution manifold <NUM>, and manifold <NUM>. Each of the four pumps <NUM> of the main dosing unit <NUM> is connected to one of four drums of chemical washing fluid <NUM> by a pump inlet line <NUM>, and can pump the washing fluid in question to one of four inlets <NUM> of the dilution manifold <NUM>, via a pump outlet line <NUM>. In normal operation the pump inlet line <NUM> and the pump outlet line <NUM> are flooded with the chemical washing fluid, so as soon as the pump <NUM> starts to operate chemical washing fluid will end the dilution manifold <NUM>. The inlets <NUM> comprise non-return valves 106a to prevent any fluid passing from the dilution manifold <NUM> back down the pump outlet lines <NUM>. The non-return valves 106a are also biased by a spring loading into a shut position to prevent leakage from any of the pump outlet lines <NUM> into the dilution manifold <NUM>.

The dilution manifold <NUM> is provided with a water supply <NUM> at a solenoid valve controlled water inlet <NUM> thereof. The water supply is commonly from a mains supply or a reservoir. An optional booster pump <NUM> can be provided if the mains water pressure on site is insufficient to drive the water through the apparatus <NUM> as necessary. The dilution manifold <NUM> comprises a control unit <NUM> configured to control the open/closed state of the water inlet <NUM> by operating the solenoid valve. In this way incoming chemical washing fluid is diluted with the water to form a dilution fluid, which is then directed from the dilution manifold <NUM> to the manifold <NUM> via inlet line <NUM>. The manifold <NUM> is as described above, and can selectively direct the dilution fluid to one of six industrial washing machines <NUM>, via the respective outlet line <NUM>.

The main control PCB 101a controls the operation of the apparatus <NUM> according to its programming. For this purpose it is connected via communications lines <NUM> to the dilution manifold <NUM>, the manifold <NUM> and each of the washing machines <NUM>. It is connected to the pumps <NUM> by wiring internal to the main dosing unit <NUM>. As explained further below, the main control PCB 101a is configured to send first operation signals to the pumps <NUM> to pump the chemical washing fluid in question from its drum <NUM> to the dilution manifold <NUM>. The main control PCB 101a is also configured to send second operation signals to the manifold <NUM> to selectively direct the dilution fluid in question to a particular one of the washing machines <NUM> which requested it. Furthermore, the main control PCB 101a is also configured to send third operation signals to the dilution manifold <NUM> to adopt the correct open/closed state of the water inlet <NUM> so the incoming chemical washing fluid is diluted with water and then directed to the manifold <NUM> for further selective directing. The manifold <NUM> comprises seven fluid outlets <NUM>, with each of the first six connected to one of the washing machines <NUM>, and the final one 3a directed to a drain <NUM>, for the purpose of allowing the dilution manifold <NUM> and the inlet line <NUM> to be flushed with water as necessary.

Each of the washing machines <NUM> is provided with an I/O interface <NUM> which forms part of the apparatus <NUM>. These I/O interfaces <NUM> allow for the washing machines <NUM> to make requests for washing chemicals to the main dosing <NUM> unit via the communication lines <NUM>, as well as to report performance data and faults.

All parts of the apparatus <NUM> are known except for the manifold <NUM>, the place of which is taken in known examples by a solenoid valve controlled manifold of the conventional static type.

When one of the washing machines <NUM> is used it is loaded with items to be washed and a particular wash program is selected by the user. In this case this is actually done via the I/O interface <NUM>, which features a control interface (not shown). The washing machine <NUM> in question then carries out the selected wash program, which involves the use of one or more particular doses of chemical washing fluids at certain intervals. When such a dose is required a requisite demand signal is sent from the I/O interface <NUM> to the main dosing unit <NUM>.

The main control PCB 101a comprises a database containing data pertaining to the particular arrangement of the parts of the apparatus <NUM>, and in particular which chemical is in which drum <NUM>, which pumps they are connected to, which chemical inlets <NUM> of the dilution manifold <NUM> each of the pumps <NUM> are connected to, and which fluid outlets <NUM> are connected to which washing machines <NUM>. The database also comprises data on the pumping performance of each pump <NUM>, and in particular the run time required to deliver particular volumes of chemical washing fluid. (Alternatively, or in addition to this, flow sensors, not shown, can be used to determine the volumes being pumped.

The incoming demand signal comprises data pertaining to the identity of the washing machine <NUM> which sent it, which chemical washing fluid is required, and how much. The main control PCB 101a comprises a processor which processes the demand signal and produces the requisite first, second and third operation signals which when carried out will meet the demand made by the washing machine <NUM>. The main control PCB 101a then issues those first, second and third operation signals as follows. The first operation signal is sent to the pump <NUM> connected to the drum <NUM> containing the required chemical washing fluid, to run for a set run time which equates to the quantity of the chemical washing fluid required. When the pump <NUM> in question runs, the chemical washing fluid in the respective pump outlet line <NUM> is driven immediately into the dilution manifold <NUM>, over the respective non-return valve 106a. As described below, when it does this it is diluted with water passing through the dilution manifold <NUM>. The other non-return valves 106a prevent any of the chemical washing fluid, water or dilution fluid from entering the other pump outlet lines <NUM>.

The third operation signal instructs the control unit <NUM> to control the water flow through the dilution manifold <NUM> as requited. If there is no booster pump present then this involves switching the solenoid of the water inlet <NUM> to an open state for a period of time which equates to the correct quantity of water entering the apparatus <NUM> to form the requisite dilution fluid with the chemical washing fluid entering the dilution manifold <NUM>. If there is a booster pump <NUM> present then this involves switching the solenoid of the water inlet <NUM> to an open state and running the booster pump <NUM> for a set run time which equates to the quantity of water required to form the requisite dilution fluid.

The second operation signal is sent to the manifold <NUM> to create a fluid path for the dilution fluid to be directed to the washing machine <NUM> in question, as explained in more detail below.

It will be appreciated that for the apparatus <NUM> to operate correctly it is necessary for the components thereof to harmonize the timing of their particular actions. In particular the chemical washing fluid and the water must enter the dilution manifold <NUM> at the correct times, and the manifold <NUM> must have assumed the correct configuration before the dilution fluid arrives from the dilution manifold <NUM>. The main control PCB 101a can be programmed to run the pump <NUM> and open the water inlet <NUM> simultaneously. However, in an advantageous arrangement the main control PCB 101a is programmed such that the first operation signal and/or the third operation signal are configured so the control unit <NUM> opens the water inlet <NUM> a period time before the pump <NUM> is run, and then only closes the water inlet <NUM> a period of time after the pump <NUM> is run. These periods of time can be <NUM> seconds. This results in the body of dilution fluid comprising a quantity of water preceding and following a quantity of water diluted with the chemical washing fluid. This serves to separate the different chemical washing fluids from one another in use, as there is a barrier of water between them. The chemical washing fluids which are commonly used are potentially dangerous if mixed. It also means the inlet line <NUM> and the manifold <NUM> are flushed with water between deliveries, which prevents chemical washing fluid from remaining therein. It makes no difference to the washing machine <NUM> that the dilution fluid arrives in this state, because the total volume of water is fully diluted with the total volume of chemical washing fluid inside the washing machine <NUM>.

The second operation signal can be issued at the same time as the third operation signal, and if so the manifold <NUM> should have time to assume the correct position, as it will only take a few seconds or less for this to happen. However, this will be a matter for the installation engineer setting up the apparatus <NUM> to deal with. In particular, in most cases the pump outlet line <NUM> and the inlet line <NUM> will usually be fairly short in length, but still sufficiently long to accommodate the actions of the dilution manifold <NUM> and manifold <NUM> in time. The pumping speed of the pumps <NUM> is also a factor which is taken into account. In the event that a particular installation requires it the second and/or third operation signals can comprise data which pertains to particular points in time when the operations in question are to be performed. Alternatively, or in addition to this, the apparatus <NUM> can be set-up so the first operation signal will only be issued, or actioned, once confirmation signals have been received from the dilution manifold <NUM> and/or the manifold <NUM> that the third and/or second operation signals have been acted upon. Programmed co-ordination of this nature is generally known from existing installations of this kind and is therefore not described herein in any greater detail.

In any event, upon receipt of the second operation signal the components of the PCB <NUM> process the incoming data and produce run commands for the stepper motor <NUM> and the linear motor <NUM> which will drive the delivery head <NUM> to the correct position on the track <NUM> to access the fluid outlet <NUM> in question, and which will lower the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM> to insert the probe portion <NUM> into the fluid outlet path <NUM> at the appropriate time. The run command for the stepper motor <NUM> is calculated based on the known last position of the delivery head <NUM> on the track <NUM>, and therefore the movement either left or right which the delivery head <NUM> needs to make to achieve the correct position on the track <NUM> to access the fluid outlet <NUM> in question. This could also be a command to remain stationary if the delivery head <NUM> is already in the correct position. The known last position of the delivery head <NUM> is taken from the previous run command issued by the PCB <NUM>, and/or from data provided by pressure sensor <NUM>, which indicates the position of the delivery head <NUM> at the first end 10a of the track <NUM>. If the location of the delivery head <NUM> is not known (for example when the manifold <NUM> is first operated, or after a power cut) the stepper motor <NUM> can first rotate the lead screw <NUM> in order to drive the delivery head <NUM> on the track <NUM> until it reaches the first end 10a thereof and the lip <NUM> contacts the pressure sensor <NUM>. The PCB <NUM> then knows the location of the delivery head <NUM> and the next run command it creates can be calculated based on the delivery head <NUM> being at the first end 10a of the track <NUM>.

The run command for the stepper motor <NUM> is sent thereto via the first control cables (not visible) which pass between the PCB <NUM> and the stepper motor <NUM> through chamber dividing wall <NUM>. The run command for the stepper motor <NUM> comprises a rotational direction for the lead screw <NUM> to rotate, which will determine the direction the delivery head <NUM> will travel, and a run time or step number which will determine the distance the delivery head <NUM> will travel. The run time or step number is based on design data contained in a database of the PCB <NUM> which is derived firstly from the characteristics of the stepper motor <NUM>, such as the degree of rotation of each step, or portion of rotation of each step, and therefore the physical distance the delivery head <NUM> will travel each time, and secondly from the physical distance between each fluid outlet <NUM>. For example, it may require <NUM> steps to move the delivery head <NUM> between positions in which it is co-axial with each fluid outlet <NUM>, and therefore the command signal will be based on such data, and would for example comprise <NUM> steps to move the delivery head <NUM> from its known position over one fluid outlet <NUM> to another two along therefrom.

Upon receipt of the run command in question the stepper motor <NUM> carries out the necessary action. It rotates the lead screw <NUM> in the instructed direction, for the instructed number of steps. The rotation of the lead screw <NUM> acts upon the travelling nut <NUM>, and the shuttle carriage <NUM> moves left or right the appropriate distance on the track <NUM>. In particular, the openings <NUM> pass over the rods <NUM>, while the lips <NUM> and <NUM> travel through the lower elongate trough <NUM> and the upper elongate trough <NUM> respectively. These support structures ensure that the shuttle carriage <NUM> moves laterally over the shelf <NUM> without any rotational or twisting movement. The stepper motor <NUM> only carries out this action when the connector member <NUM> is in the retracted position (as explained further below), and as such the outer end <NUM> of the probe portion <NUM> is located in the aperture <NUM> in the lower plate <NUM>, clear of the shelf <NUM>. When the lead screw <NUM> stops rotating the shuttle carriage <NUM> should be positioned directly over the fluid outlet <NUM> which is connected to the outlet line <NUM> connected to the washing machine <NUM> in question. Once the run command has been performed in this way the stepper motor <NUM> sends a confirmation signal to the PCB <NUM> that the delivery head <NUM> is now in the correct position.

The run commands for the linear motor <NUM> are calculated based on the last known position of the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM>, and therefore whether it needs to be first raised into the retracted positon prior to the movement of the delivery head <NUM>, or simply lowered into the advanced positon after movement of the delivery head <NUM>. The last known position of the connector member <NUM> is taken from the previous run command issued by the PCB <NUM>, and/or from data provided by the pressure sensor <NUM>, which indicates the advanced / retracted position of the connector member <NUM>.

It will be appreciated that for the manifold <NUM> to operate correctly it is necessary for the components thereof to harmonize the timing of their particular actions. In particular, if the connector member <NUM> is in the advanced position the linear motor <NUM> must act on its run command to raise the connector member <NUM> before the stepper motor <NUM> acts on its run command to move the delivery head <NUM>. Likewise, the linear motor <NUM> must only act on a run command to lower the connector member <NUM> when the delivery head <NUM> is in the correct position on the track <NUM>. The PCB <NUM> is therefore configured to take the known positions of the connector member <NUM> and the delivery head <NUM> into account when issuing the run commands, for example by issuing them at appropriate intervals, or issuing them with data pertaining to points in time when the actions should be performed. Alternatively, or in addition to this, the manifold <NUM> can be set-up so the run commands will only be issued, or actioned, once confirmation signals have been received from the stepper motor <NUM> and/or the pressure sensor strip <NUM> that necessary prior actions have been completed, such as the movement of the delivery head <NUM> into position, or the raising of the connector member <NUM>. Programmed co-ordination of this nature is a matter for the skilled person setting up the operational parameters of the manifold <NUM>. How this is done using computer programming will be within the common general skills of the skilled person and will not be described herein in any greater detail. All that is relevant is that the manifold <NUM> operates to achieve the physical functions described herein in the correct order.

The run commands for the linear motor <NUM> are sent thereto via the second control cables <NUM> which pass from the PCB <NUM> to the delivery head <NUM> through aperture <NUM> and then through the further aperture (not visible) provided in the back wall <NUM>. The run commands for the linear motor <NUM> comprises a run time or other binary command for the linear motor <NUM> to operate to raise or lower the linear shaft <NUM>, and hence raise or lower the connector member <NUM> on the guide <NUM>. If it is a command for the linear motor <NUM> to lower the linear shaft <NUM> it does so until the connector member <NUM> reaches the lower plate <NUM> and the probe portion <NUM> is fully inserted into the fluid outlet path <NUM> of the outlet connector <NUM> in question. If it is a command for the linear motor <NUM> to raise the linear shaft <NUM> it does so until the connector member <NUM> reaches the retracted position, as shown in <FIG>.

Upon receipt of the run command in question the linear motor <NUM> carries out the necessary action. It either raises or lowers the linear shaft <NUM>, which acts upon the connector member <NUM>, and it moves up or down on the guide <NUM>. In terms of satisfying the demand from the washing machine <NUM> in question, if the connector member <NUM> is located in a fluid outlet <NUM> which is not connected to the washing machine <NUM> in question, the PCB <NUM> will issue a first run command for the connector member <NUM> to be raised to the retracted position in order for the delivery head <NUM> to be moved on the track <NUM> to the correct fluid outlet <NUM>. Whether such a first run command was necessary or not, once the PCB <NUM> is in receipt of the confirmation signal from the stepper motor <NUM> that the delivery head <NUM> is over the correct fluid outlet <NUM> (or if the PCB <NUM> is aware that the delivery head <NUM> was already in such a location), the PCB <NUM> will issue a second run command for the connector member <NUM> to be lowered into the advanced position.

When the connector member <NUM> moves up or down the apertures <NUM> pass over the guide shafts <NUM>, which ensures that the connector member <NUM> moves vertically without any rotational or twisting movement. Furthermore, the protrusion <NUM> rides over the pressure sensor strip <NUM> which determines the location of the connector member <NUM>, and in particular whether it is in the fully advanced or fully retracted state. If the run command involves raising the connector member <NUM>, then once this has occurred a signal is sent to the PCB <NUM> from the pressure sensor strip <NUM>, to indicate that the connector member <NUM> is in the fully retracted position, and the delivery head <NUM> can be moved. Alternatively, if the run command involves lowering the connector member <NUM>, then once this has occurred a signal is also sent to the PCB <NUM> from the pressure sensor strip <NUM>, to indicate that the connector member <NUM> is in the fully advanced position.

When the connector member <NUM> is lowered into the advanced position the probe portion <NUM> enters the fluid outlet <NUM> in question. In particular it enters the fluid outlet path <NUM> and as it passes over the annular blade seal <NUM> it forms a fluid seal with the outlet connector <NUM>.

The manifold <NUM> is now configured to direct the dilution fluid to the washing machine <NUM> which requested it.

When the dilution fluid reaches the manifold <NUM> enters the fluid inlet <NUM>, passes through the fluid inlet path <NUM>, exits the outer end <NUM> of the spout <NUM> and enters the fluid line <NUM>. It then passes down the fluid line <NUM> and enters the first end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM>. The dilution fluid then travels along the fluid path <NUM> through the connector member <NUM>, and exits the second end <NUM> of the fluid path <NUM> at the outer end <NUM> of the probe portion <NUM>. As this is located inside the fluid outlet path <NUM> the dilution fluid enters the fluid outlet path <NUM>, passes over the non-return umbrella valve therein and passes into the outlet line <NUM> in question, which leads to the relevant washing machine <NUM>.

The PCB <NUM> can also be configured to issue run commands to the stepper motor <NUM> and/or linear motor <NUM> which return the delivery head <NUM> and/or the connector member <NUM> to neutral positions after the dilution fluid has passed through the manifold <NUM>. The connector member <NUM> can be raised, and the delivery head <NUM> can be moved to either end of the track <NUM>, or to a centre position thereon, after a given period of time has elapsed, which is calculated on the time it takes the dilution fluid to pass through the manifold <NUM>. Alternatively, the PCB <NUM> can be configured to issue run commands which simply place the delivery head <NUM> and the connector member <NUM> in specific delivery positions, and just leave them there until another second operation signal is received.

It is possible for the location of the delivery head <NUM> to deviate from that intended, as a result of external influences, or slight deviations in performance of the stepper motor <NUM>. The manifold <NUM> has two mechanism to deal with this.

Firstly, the PCB <NUM> is configured to issue a run command to the stepper motor <NUM> to return the delivery head <NUM> to the first end 10a of the track <NUM> where the sensor <NUM> is activated, each time pre-determined number of operations have been performed, for example after every <NUM> or <NUM> movements. The PCB <NUM> then re-sets its data on the location of the delivery head <NUM>. This ensures that any deviation from known and actual positions never grows to such an extent that an error in operation is experienced. The PCB <NUM> will also always do this when first switched on, or after a power cut, in order to re-set its data on the known location of the delivery head <NUM>.

Secondly, the outer end <NUM> of the probe portion <NUM> comprises a tapered section <NUM>, while each outlet connector <NUM> comprises a tapered inlet section <NUM> of the fluid outlet path <NUM>. Further, the stepper motor <NUM> comprises a clutch mechanism (not shown) which allows the lead screw <NUM> to be freely rotated when not in operation. As such, in the event that the delivery head <NUM> is slightly misaligned with a fluid outlet <NUM> into which the connector member <NUM> is to be lowered, such that the probe portion <NUM> is not co-axial with the fluid outlet path <NUM>, when the connector member <NUM> is lowered by the linear motor <NUM> the tapered section <NUM> is driven into contact with the tapered inlet section <NUM>, and the interaction of these surfaces transmits the impetus of the linear motor <NUM> to the shuttle carriage <NUM>, and moves it to the left or right, rotating the lead screw <NUM>. This action occurs until the probe portion <NUM> is moved into co-axial alignment with the fluid outlet path <NUM>, and further drive from the linear motor <NUM> simply moves the connector member <NUM> into the fully advanced position.

The main control PCB 101a can be programmed such that after a particular period of time, or after specific events, the main dosing unit <NUM> can flush the apparatus <NUM> with water to clean it out. This can be done after a specific number of deliveries have been performed, and/or it can be done after events such as a power cut or other interruption to a delivery, such as an adverse signal from a sensor within the apparatus <NUM> which results in shut-down. In any event, the main control PCB 101a sends a second operation signals to the manifold <NUM> to selectively direct incoming fluid to the outlet 3a which is connected to the drain <NUM>. The PCB <NUM> issues the necessary run commands as described above to create such a fluid path. The main control PCB 101a also sends a third operation signal to the dilution manifold <NUM> to open the water inlet <NUM>, and also operate the booster pump <NUM> if fitted. Water enters the dilution manifold <NUM> and flushes it of any residual chemical washing fluid. The water then passes down the inlet line <NUM>, also flushing it of any residual chemical washing fluid. The water then enters the manifold <NUM> and passes through its components in the same manner as described above, thereby also flushing them of any residual chemical washing fluid. The water then passes to the drain <NUM>. The third operation signal will involve a time interval for this action, and once this has passed the water inlet <NUM> is closed, and the apparatus <NUM> is again ready for normal operation.

The present invention can be altered without departing from the scope of claim <NUM>. For example, in one alternative embodiment (not shown) the fluid outlets and the associated track are arranged in a curved configuration. In another alternative embodiment (not shown) the shelf has integral fluid outlets <NUM> rather than outlet connectors. In another alternative embodiment (not shown) the travelling nut is formed inside the shuttle carriage rather than being mounted to its side.

In a further alternative embodiment (not shown) the movement of a conduit member for selectively fluidly connecting the fluid inlet to the fluid outlets is rotational about an axis, namely the fluid outlets are arranged radially around a central fluid inlet, a first end of the conduit member is rotationally mounted to the fluid inlet, and the conduit member is rotated by a suitable motor in order to selectively associate the second end of the fluid path with the fluid outlets.

Claim 1:
A manifold (<NUM>) configured to selectively direct diluted chemical washing fluid to washing machines (<NUM>), the manifold comprising a fluid inlet (<NUM>) for receiving the diluted chemical washing fluid, a plurality of fluid outlets (<NUM>) for directing the chemical washing fluid to the washing machines, a conduit member (<NUM>), a first drive mechanism (<NUM>), a support member (<NUM>), a control module (<NUM>), in which said conduit member (<NUM>) comprises a fluid path (<NUM>) therethrough, in which said fluid inlet (<NUM>) is fluidly connected to a first end (<NUM>) of said fluid path, and characterized in that:
said support member comprises a track (<NUM>) and in which said conduit member comprises a delivery head (<NUM>) that is mounted for movement on the track (<NUM>), and in which said first drive mechanism (<NUM>) is configured to move said delivery head (<NUM>) on said track (<NUM>) to selectively associate a second end (<NUM>) of said fluid path with one of said plurality of fluid outlets (<NUM>) according to commands issued by said control module (<NUM>), in which said delivery head (<NUM>) comprises a shuttle carriage (<NUM>) mounted for movement on said track (<NUM>), a connector member (<NUM>) and a second drive mechanism (<NUM>), in which said connector member (<NUM>) comprises said fluid path (<NUM>) therethrough and a probe portion (<NUM>) with said second end (<NUM>) of said fluid path at an outer end (<NUM>) thereof, in which said connector member (<NUM>) is mounted for movement on a guide (<NUM>) provided at a front side (<NUM>) of said shuttle carriage (<NUM>), in which said second drive mechanism (<NUM>) is configured to move said connector member (<NUM>) on said guide (<NUM>) according to commands issued by said control module (<NUM>) between a retracted position in which said delivery head (<NUM>) is able to move freely on said track (<NUM>) between said plurality of fluid outlets (<NUM>), and an advanced position in which said probe portion (<NUM>) extends through one of said fluid outlets (<NUM>), wherein a fluid line (<NUM>) extends from said fluid inlet (<NUM>) to a first end (<NUM>) of said fluid path (<NUM>).