Patent Description:
<CIT> provides a method and devices for receiving and/or delivering liquid to an object, devices for delivering liquid to a plant/seed/growing medium comprising: a conduit comprising: at least two about parallel plates one or more walls substantially sealing the plates and forming a substantially enclosed space, such that the devices are useful in hydroponic gardens. This invention also provides hydroponic gardens with such devices. The parallel plates and the walls can be rigid and hydrophobic.

The invention relates to a system according to claim <NUM>. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments. Further preferred embodiments are mentioned in this description.

The system of the invention can be used with a seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or a planting system that simplifies the seed planting process.

The system of the invention can be used with a seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system that include all of the necessary components for growing a plant with minimal effort.

When the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system is planted and watered, there is no need for any additional nutrients, fertilizers, or plant treatments for the successful growth of the plant.

When the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system is planted, there is no need to determine the appropriate depth for seed planting nor any need for determining the proper planting distance between each of the seed pods, seed cones, planting cones, and/ or planting systems.

The system of the invention can be used with a seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system that have an outer shell, a plant growing or rooting media, seeds, fertilizer and/or nutrients, and a lid.

The outer shell may be made of composted, molded, formed, and/or shapeable materials.

The outer shell may be is molded into a form that provides maximum rigidity for penetration into a surface. Additionally, the outer shell should be of a sufficient size and circumference to sustain the early stages of plant growth.

The outer shell may incorporate a flange to aid in proper depth placement, thereby allowing the end user to position the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system at the proper and optimal growing depth.

A plant growing or rooting media may be inserted into or within the outer shell.

A plant growing media or rooting media may be molded or formed and shaped to fit integrally within the outer shell.

The system of the invention can be used with a plant growing media or rooting media that has external ribs and gaps there between, such that the gaps form one or more channels between the inner wall of the outer shell and the plant growing media or rooting media. The channels may be formed by the gaps are open and extend throughout the length of the inner wall of the outer shell such that water flows freely to the bottom of the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system. The gaps may be closed such that one or more of the channels are formed below the upper surface of the rooting media (i.e. the channel does not extend throughout the length of the inner wall of the outer shell) such that the flow of water to the bottom of the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system may be reduced. The gaps may form closed channels that open at the top and continue for only part of the length of the inner wall of the outer shell.

External ribs on the plant growing media or rooting media that allow the flow of water below the plant growing media or rooting media to access fertilizer located within and at the bottom of the outer shell. The external ribs also allow the water to accumulate at the bottom of the shell and ultimately wick back up to provide moisture to the seed, through absorption by the rooting media.

Plant growing media or rooting media may have dibbles, recesses, concavities, or holes for positioning or housing of the seed(s). There may be one or more dibbles, recesses, concavities, or holes present in the plant growing media or rooting media. Once the seeds are placed within the formed dibbles, recesses, concavities or holes the seed may be covered or overlaid with a plug or lid to seal the seed within the media.

The planting growing media or rooting media may comprise slits for placement of the seeds. The fertilizer may be admixed or integrated into the plant growing media or rooting media.

Within the bottom of the outer shell an amount of a fertilizer or nutrient may be provided to help sustain the growth and/or establishment of the seeds.

The fertilizer or nutrient may be a controlled release nutrient. These nutrients may comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, secondary nutrients, and/or micronutrients.

The seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system may include a lid that seals the contents within the outer shell.

The lid may be made of a biodegradable material. The lid may be configured to fit onto the outer shell, fit into the outer shell, or may be adhered onto the outer shell.

A seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system may include seed(s) of plant(s). These plants may include vegetables, flowers, fruits, herbs, grass, trees, or perennial plant parts (e.g., bulbs, roots, crown, stem, tubers, etc.).

The seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system can assembled into a conglomeration of different units comprising the same or different seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system. This assembly may be packaged into a tray.

A seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system may be used in a method of planting a seed.

A seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system may be integrated, adapted, and/or packaged together with an indoor growing unit, such that the indoor growing unit readily accommodates the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system to provide sufficient light and a water source for the establishment of a plant. The indoor growing unit is configured to include an adjustable light source as well as an integral water supply. The seed pod, seed cone, planting cone, and/ or planting system may be placed into holders included with the indoor growing unit to facilitate the growth of the seed(s).

The invention discloses a system comprising a plant growing system having a biodegradable outer shell, a rooting media, a fertilizer or nutrient, seeds, and a removable lid. The outer shell is formed from a molded material, a formed material, a composted material, a shaped material, or combinations thereof; and the rooting media includes soil, coir, vermiculite, compost, perlite, bark fines, peat, wood shavings, mulch, or combinations thereof.

The system includes a base plate, a stand, an adjustable lighting fixture that overhangs the base plate, one or more growing containers that fit within the base, and preferably also a water reservoir that automatically dispenses water to the one or more growing containers via the base plate. The system includes one or more pod trays for use with the growing containers.

Seed pods or seeds may be planted in the indoor growing unit. The seed pods can be placed in a pod tray in a growing container. Seeds can be planted directly into a growing container into an appropriate growing media contained in the growing container. The seed pods or seeds germinate with the unit providing light and water. Plants started in the unit can be either transplanted outdoors, or can be grown directly to harvest. Alternatively, the stand and lighting fixture may be removed and the base plate, water reservoir, and growing containers may be transported outside for continued growing.

The system of the invention in a specific embodiment includes a base plate, an adjustable lighting fixture that overhangs the base plate, one or more growing containers that fit within the base, and a water reservoir that automatically dispenses water to the one or more growing containers via the base plate. The system includes one or more pod trays for use with the growing containers. The system may also include one or more capillary mats located in the bottom of the growing containers to facilitate the wicking or transport of water from the base plate to one or more seed pods located in a pod tray that is seated in the growing container. The capillary mat may be held in place with a securing mechanism that mates with the growing container. An optional bridge piece may be used as an interface between the capillary mat and the pod tray to further facilitate transport of the water to the seed pod in the pod tray.

The system of the invention comprises a plant growing system having a biodegradable outer shell, a rooting media, a fertilizer or nutrient, seeds, and a removable lid, with the outer shell preferably comprising a molded material, a formed material, a composted material, a shaped material, or combinations thereof; and the rooting media preferably including soil, coir, vermiculite, compost, perlite, bark fines, peat, wood shavings, mulch, or combinations thereof.

These and other embodiments and advantages of the preferred embodiments, not specifically mentioned above, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the present drawings, specifications, and claims.

It has been found in accordance exemplary embodiments that the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system provides for an easy, productive, and efficient means for growing plants. When inserted into a surface, the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system is able to produce plants without the difficulty, confusion, and inconvenience of planting individual seeds into the planting surface.

Exemplary embodiments simplify and remove the general difficulties experienced by novice and seasoned gardeners. These difficulties might include the depth of seed placement, the distance between seeds, the type of fertilizer or nutrient required for proper plant growth, the amount of nutrient need for plant growth, the amount of water needed for plant growth, and the general trial and error associated with gardening. The seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system removes the guess work out of gardening and only requires inserting the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system into a surface and watering.

In this specification the following non-SI units are used, which may be converted to the respective SI or metric unit according to the following conversion factor:.

"Seed pod," "seed cone," "planting cone," and "planting system" (hereafter collectively referred to as "seed pod") refer to an assembly or system according to exemplary embodiments that includes an outer shell, plant growing or rooting media housed within the outer shell, seed(s) of plant(s), fertilizer or nutrients, and a lid. The seed pod may be a plant growing system. An exemplary representation of a seed pod according to exemplary embodiments is depicted, for example, in <FIG> and <FIG>.

"Outer shell" refers to an outer layer which has an apex at the bottom and an opening at the top to allow insertion of the plant growing media or rooting media. An exemplary representation of an outer shell can be seen, for example, in <FIG> and <FIG>, for example.

"Triangular acorn shape" is the shape assumed by the seed pod, seed cone, planting cone and/ or planting system and as referenced in <FIG>, for example.

"Plant growing media," "rooting media," or "inner plug," (hereafter collectively referred to as "rooting media") refer to a media in which a seed(s) is placed and allowed to germinate into a plant and is housed within the outer shell. An exemplary representation of an inner plug can be seen in <FIG> and <FIG>, for example.

"Dibbles," "recesses," "concavities," or "holes" (hereafter collectively referred to as "dibbles") refer to a depression of shallow to medium depth formed in a surface. An exemplary representation of a dibble can be seen, for example, on the tops of the rooting media, in <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, for example.

"Indoor growing unit," "indoor planting unit," and the like refer to a unit and/or system configured to be used indoors to germinate and/or grow plants. The unit is designed to be modular, self-contained, and house or provide the necessary growing conditions for plants (e.g., light, water, fertilizer, soil, etc.), such as through the use of a seed pod or planting system as defined above. The use of a seed pod is not required however, as seeds may be planted directly into growing media contained within the indoor growing unit. An exemplary embodiments of the indoor growing unit can be seen, for example, in <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>.

<FIG> depict a seed pod <NUM> according to exemplary embodiments. The seed pod <NUM> may have a lid <NUM>, rooting media <NUM>, and an outer shell <NUM>. The lid <NUM> may be made of one or more layers <NUM>, such as 104A and 104B. The lid <NUM> seals the contents of the seed pod <NUM> within the outer shell <NUM>. The lid <NUM> may be made of a biodegradable material and is configured to fit onto the outer shell <NUM>, fit into the outer shell <NUM>, or be adhered onto a flange <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM>. The top of the lid layers <NUM> may be constructed such that the top layer 104A may be peeled back to reveal a second layer 104B. The second layer 104B may have printed instructions thereon or other information relating to the seed pod <NUM> and its use. The use of multiple layers according to exemplary embodiments allows for a consumer to review information relating to seed pod <NUM> while enabling the seed pod <NUM> to remain sealed. According to exemplary embodiments, the seed pod <NUM> may be <NUM>% biodegradable.

The outer shell <NUM> provides a protective housing unit for the rooting media <NUM>, the seed(s) <NUM>, and fertilizer <NUM> and/or nutrient <NUM> from the external environment surrounding the seed pod <NUM>.

The rooting media <NUM> has one or more dibbles <NUM> and external ribs <NUM>. In between each of the external ribs <NUM> is a gap <NUM>. The rooting media <NUM> may be formed or shaped into a cone, spike, acorn, triangular acorn, or flower pot. Exemplary embodiments of the rooting media 106A, 106B, 106C, and 106D can be found in <FIG>, <FIG>, respectively.

The outer shell <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM> provides a protective housing unit for the rooting media <NUM>, the seed or seeds <NUM>, and fertilizer <NUM> and/or nutrient <NUM> from the external environment surrounding the seed pod <NUM>. During the early stages of plant growth, the seed pod <NUM> creates a microenvironment with sufficient nutrients to allow for the successful germination of the plant. Additionally, the outer shell <NUM> is configured in such a manner that it provides a mechanism or platform for inserting the seed(s) <NUM> into the planting surface. However, after the initial germination process, the outer shell <NUM> should be capable of allowing the growing plant to take root in the surrounding external environment. Thus, the outer shell <NUM> may be sufficiently rigid for initial insertion and protection of the young seed <NUM> and also permeable enough to allow the growing plant to take root in the surrounding environment.

As described above, the outer shell <NUM> should be sufficiently rigid and also biodegradable to allow for root penetration. The materials that are suitable for accomplishing this object may include formed, moldable, composted, and/or shapeable materials. Such materials may include manure, peat moss, brown sugarcane fibers, coir, corn stover, sunflower stem, white sugarcane fibers or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the outer shell <NUM> is composed of a formed, molded, and/or composted material. This might include composted and molded or formed peat moss. In another embodiment, the outer shell <NUM> is composed of formed or molded manure. Manure can be derived from any animal source, but in one embodiment, the manure is derived from a cow, bull, or horse, preferably a cow. In another embodiment, the outer shell <NUM> is composed of material derived from poultry feathers. It should be appreciated that the materials used in the fabrication of the outer shell <NUM> can also be derived from organic and/or natural sources. As such, plants or vegetables that germinate from the seed pod <NUM> may be classified and rated as organic.

The outer shell <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM> is designed to be inserted into a surface. For example, the surface may be soil. Typically, gardeners desire to pre-dig a hole in the planting surface to accommodate a plant or seed <NUM>. The outer shell <NUM> eliminates the need, in some instances, for pre-digging a hole to receive the seed pod <NUM>. This is accomplished by forming the outer shell <NUM> into a specific shape that optimizes penetration into a surface, such as, but not limited to, dirt, soil, container, raised bed, clay, rocks, gravel, sand, or a tray specifically adapted to receive the seed pod <NUM>. As such, various shapes of the outer shell <NUM> may be used to meet this function.

In one embodiment, the outer shell <NUM> is shaped like a cone, an acorn, or a combination thereof. It has been found that when the outer shell <NUM> is shaped as a cone, it provides the best penetration of the seed pod <NUM> into the planting surface. It has also been found that when the outer shell <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM> is shaped as an acorn, it provides the best surface area for germinating the seed. Accordingly, exemplary embodiments seek to combine the benefits of both the cone shape and the acorn shaped. Thus, in an embodiment, the seed pod <NUM> is shaped as a triangular acorn shape.

The overall thickness of the outer shell <NUM> plays an important role in the establishment and/or growth of the seed <NUM> in the seed pod <NUM>. To optimize the protective environment of the outer shell <NUM>, while also allowing penetration of the roots from a growing plant, the outer shell <NUM> may have a particular thickness that withstands insertion into the planting surface and allows for root penetration. In an embodiment, the thickness of the outer shell <NUM> is conserved throughout the entire outer shell <NUM>. This thickness may be in the range of about <NUM> to <NUM> inches, more preferably in the range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> inches, and even more preferably in the range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> inches. In another embodiment, the thickness of the outer shell <NUM> may also be in the range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> inches. In yet another embodiment, the thickness of the outer shell <NUM> is <NUM> inches.

Because soil or dirt may differ from region to region, insertion of the seed pod <NUM> into the planting surface may cause the outer shell <NUM> to collapse or crack upon insertion. Accordingly, the tip or apex <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM> may be reinforced. One type of reinforcement is to provide a thicker apex or tip <NUM> such that when the tip <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM> is inserted into the planting surface, it is more rigid than the remainder of the outer shell <NUM> and is capable of withstanding a greater impact force. Thus, in one embodiment, the tip <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM> is fabricated or molded by thickening only the tip portion and graduating the sides of the outer shell <NUM> with less thickness, such that it preserves the ability of the plant to extend its roots. Alternatively, the tip <NUM> may be reinforced with a thickening agent or solidifying agent, such that it is sufficiently rigid when dry, but biodegradable after sufficient hydration or moisture.

The seed pod <NUM> can be virtually any circumference. It should be appreciated that the potential size of the plant generated from the seed <NUM> as well as the nutritional requirements of the seed may dictate the overall circumferential size of the seed pod <NUM>. Thus, some of the factors that may dictate the circumference of the seed pod <NUM> may include, for example, the amount of fertilizer <NUM> or nutrient <NUM> supply provided in the seed pod <NUM>, the types of seeds <NUM> planted, or the types of plant that germinates from the seed pod <NUM>. The foregoing list of factors is not intended to be an exhaustive list of factors, but a representation of some of the factors that may dictate the circumferential size of the outer shell <NUM>.

Proper depth placement also plays an important role in the successful germination of a seed. To aid in this process, the seed pod <NUM> integrates a seed depth indicator into the outer shell <NUM>. In one embodiment, the seed depth indicator is the flange <NUM> that is located at the top of the seed pod <NUM>. The flange <NUM> forms a lip that guides the user to insert the seed pod <NUM> to the proper seed <NUM> depth. By inserting the pod <NUM> until the flange <NUM> is level with the surrounding soil or dirt, it will indicate to the user that the seed <NUM> has been properly positioned for optimal seed germination and growth. Thus, in one embodiment, the flange <NUM> extends along the top of the entire periphery of the outer shell <NUM>. The flange <NUM> may also serve as an area or surface onto which the lid <NUM> is fastened, secured, or adhered.

<FIG> and <FIG> depict exemplary embodiments of rooting media <NUM>. Located and housed within the outer shell <NUM> is the rooting media <NUM> which provides a substrate in which the seed will grow. The rooting media <NUM> may be made of a variety of materials. These might include, for example, coir (compressed, non-compressed, screened, coir dust, and/or coir pith), peat, peat moss (for example, sphagnum peat moss), peat humus, vermiculite, compost perlite, bark, bark fines, composted bark fines, wood shavings, saw dust, mulch, a modified cornstarch, corn stover, sunflower stem, composted rice hulls, reed sedge peat, composted manure, composted forest products, coffee grounds, composted paper fiber, digested manure fiber, composted tea leaves, bagasse, yard waste compost, cotton derivatives, wood ash, bark ash, vegetative by-products, agricultural by-products, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the rooting media may include fertilizers or fertilizing agents. These materials may also be formed and/or molded into a solid form. In an embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> is molded into a cone, acorn, triangular acorn, flower pot, or spike form. In another embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> is the Q-PLUG® or EXCEL-PLUG® manufactured and sold by International Horticultural Technologies, Inc. Hollister, CA <NUM>. In another embodiment, the Q-PLUG® or EXCEL-PLUG® is molded and shaped into a cone, acorn, triangular acorn, flower pot, or spike shape. In another embodiment, the molded and/or formed rooting media <NUM> is adapted to fully or partially fill the interior space defined by the outer shell <NUM>. Thus, in one embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> may be formed or shaped into a truncated cone, spike, acorn, triangular acorn, or flower pot such that it leaves a void at the bottom interior space of the outer shell <NUM>. Similar to the outer shell <NUM>, the components of the rooting media <NUM> may be derived from natural or organic sources. As such, plants or vegetables that are produced from the seed pods <NUM> may be classified and rated as organic.

Exemplary embodiments include a rooting media <NUM> in which the molded or formed shape provides a means to control and retain water for an extended period of time. The rooting media <NUM> has been shaped and configured to comprise external ribs that create pockets or channels between the inner wall of the outer shell <NUM> and the rooting media <NUM>. In one embodiment, the external ribs <NUM> are adapted to frictionally engage the interior wall of the outer shell <NUM> such that it holds the rooting media <NUM> in place, and/or permits the migration of water into a lower interior chamber, which is created by a truncated rooting media <NUM>. In another embodiment, the external ribs <NUM> form open channels or gaps <NUM> that allow the flow of water to the bottom of the seed pod <NUM>. In yet another embodiment, the external ribs <NUM> form closed channels that reduce the flow of water to the bottom of the seed pod <NUM>. In yet another embodiment, the external ribs <NUM> form closed channels that open at the top and continue for only part of the length of the inner wall of the outer shell <NUM>.

Without being bound by any particular theory, the channels created by the external ribs <NUM> allow the flow of water to rooting media <NUM> as well as the outer shell <NUM>. This provides an accelerated hydration of the entire seed pod <NUM> that allows for enhanced or rapid germination of a seed <NUM>. In one embodiment, the shaped and molded rooting media <NUM> comprises between <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> external ribs <NUM> or gaps <NUM>. In another embodiment, the shaped and molded rooting media <NUM> may comprise <NUM> external ribs <NUM> or gaps <NUM>.

The external ribs <NUM> and gaps <NUM> may also provide other functions. First, the external ribs <NUM> may act as friction points with the outer shell <NUM> to prevent the rooting media <NUM> from falling out when it is dry. Second, the gaps <NUM> may provide water channels and water retention within the channels during the watering and growing phases of the seed. When users water the seed pod <NUM>, water will travel through the channels and fill the fertilizer area that is located beneath the rooting media <NUM> in the apex <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM>. As water accumulates, the water will travel back through the channels and may accumulate in these channels until it is further absorbed by either the seed, rooting media <NUM>, or fertilizer <NUM>, or diffuses out of the seed pod <NUM>. Third, it serves a functional role by preventing buoyancy of the rooting media <NUM> from lifting out of the outer shell <NUM>. The gaps <NUM> act as air release valves which allow pressure within the fertilizer chamber to be released.

In another embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> may be recessed from the top flange <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM> to provide a water holding reservoir. While not being bound by any particular theory, as a user waters the seed pod <NUM>, the recessed area may hold additional quantities of water that will funnel through the channels created by the external ribs <NUM> molded into the rooting media. This reservoir provides extended hydration to the seeds <NUM> within the seed pod <NUM>. In another embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> may comprise a water absorbent polymer to aid in the retention of water over a duration of time.

According to exemplary embodiments, the rooting media <NUM> may comprise dibbles <NUM> that provide areas for seed positioning, housing, or receiving. It should be appreciated that the number of dibbles <NUM> made in the rooting media <NUM> will depend on the seed <NUM> types planted. In an embodiment, there are three dibbles <NUM> in the surface of the rooting media <NUM>, such as shown in <FIG>, for example. In yet another embodiment, there may be two dibbles <NUM> in the surface, such as shown in <FIG>, for example. Other numbers and configurations of dibbles are possible. In another embodiment the rooting media <NUM> may comprise slits for positioning, housing or receiving a seed <NUM>. In another embodiment, the rooting media <NUM> may comprise up to four slits.

Once the seed <NUM> is placed within the dibble <NUM>, the seed may be covered or overlaid by a variety of materials to prevent the seed <NUM> from falling out of the dibble <NUM>. In an embodiment, the cover for the dibble <NUM> may be a biodegradable plug, a biodegradable lid, a water permeable adhesive, coir dust admixed with an adhesive material (e.g., EnviroHold®, polyvinyl acetate coating, starched based), or combinations thereof. An exemplary cover 105A is depicted in <FIG> in the form of a cylindrical plug. This is meant to be exemplary and non-limiting since a variety of cover types and shapes may be used as described herein. For example, the cover 105A may be conically shaped or flat. Furthermore, a single cover 105A is depicted. It should be appreciated that each of the dibbles <NUM> may have a cover 105A. In a particular embodiment, the cover 105A that overlays each of the dibbles <NUM> may be inserted into the dibbles <NUM> and plugged in a wine-cork fashion and held in place by friction. In another embodiment, the dibble filler, plug, lid, or cover 105A may be held in place by an adhesive substance, which may be made of polymers or from natural products.

In another exemplary embodiment, as depicted in <FIG>, a cover 105B for the dibble may be made of coir fines. The coir fines may be held in place by an adhesive. The adhesive may be applied using a spray such that the coir fines are saturated by the adhesive and held in place thereby. The adhesive may be transparent. The cover 105B depicted in <FIG> may cover the majority of the upper surface of rooting media 106B. Thus, the coir fines that make up the cover 105B may be applied in a bulk manner during the assembly of the planting system <NUM>. In some embodiments, the cover 105B may be applied to each dibble <NUM> individually and then held in place by adhesive. It should be appreciated that in <FIG>, only a single seed <NUM> is depicted for illustrative purposes, however, like <FIG> there may be a seed for each dibble <NUM>. In other embodiments, the cover 105B for the dibble <NUM> may be held in place by a mechanical means. In one embodiment the dibble cover 105B may be a biodegradable plug made of peat, coir (compressed, non-compressed, screened, coir dust, and/or coir pith), peat moss (for example, sphagnum peat moss), peat humus, vermiculite, compost, perlite, bark, bark fines, composted bark fines, wood shavings, saw dust, mulch, a modified cornstarch, corn stover, sunflower stem, composted rice hulls, reed sedge peat, composted manure, composted forest products, coffee grounds, composted paper fiber, digested manure fiber, composted tea leaves, bagasse, yard waste compost, cotton derivatives, wood ash, bark ash, or biofoam available through Natur-tech (e.g., Natur-tech nuudles), cookie pellets, vegetative by-products, agricultural by-products,, or combinations thereof, that plugs into the dibbles <NUM> possessing seeds <NUM>. In another embodiment, the dibble cover may be a biodegradable lid made of biofoam, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the dibble cover is made of an adhesive that may be natural or synthetic. These may include for example, guar gum, pine tar, seed-flour based, starch based adhesives, biofoams, polyvinyl alcohols, cookie meal, molasses, natural rubber emulsions, vegetable oils (e.g., neem oil), gelatins, or combinations thereof. As indicated above, the rooting media <NUM>, lid <NUM>, and/or adhesive may be composed and constructed of natural or organic materials such that the final plant or vegetable product produced from the seed pod <NUM> may be designated as an organic product. It should be appreciated that the material and type of covering for the dibbles <NUM> may vary and may be freely substituted by any material that comports with the general concepts described herein. As such, the types and components used to make the dibble covering should not be so limited to those specifically recited above.

It should be appreciated that the seed pod <NUM> may be used to grow and germinate a wide variety of plants. These plants may generally include, for example, flowers, vegetable, fruits, herbs, grass, trees, or perennial plant parts (e.g., bulbs, tubers, roots, crowns, stems, etc.). Certainly, any plant that a gardener can envision may be incorporated into the seed pod <NUM> according to exemplary embodiments. While it is not an exhaustive list, the types of plant seeds <NUM> that may be included in the seed pod <NUM> are globe tomato, cherry tomato, roma tomato, cantaloupe, honey dew, jalapeno pepper, sweet pepper, straight cucumber, zucchini, yellow zucchini, watermelon, pumpkin, basil, cilantro, dill, thyme, bush bean, looseleaf lettuce, butterhead lettuce, romaine lettuce, smooth leaf spinach, snap pea, oregano, thyme, mint, radish, eggplant, broccoli, collards, cabbage, leek, zinnia, sunflower, marigold, carrot, corn, beet, parsnip, turnip, swiss chard, fennel, Marjoram, or combinations thereof. In exemplary embodiments, each seed pod <NUM> may include one or more seeds. As described herein, the seeds <NUM> are placed into the dibble(s) <NUM>, of the rooting media <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, one seed <NUM> may be placed in each dibble <NUM>.

In another embodiment, the seed <NUM> may be coated with various agricultural agents that may help preserve the longevity of the seed <NUM>. These coatings may help prevent the dehydration of the seed <NUM> and/or provide protection from various other adverse effects. These coatings may include, for example, fungicides, insecticides, biocides, coatings to promote water absorption and retention, or any other agricultural agent that is generally known in the art. In an embodiment, the agricultural agents may be organic or naturally derived agents that are environmentally safe and help attain organic product classification. In one embodiment, the seed may be coated with a fertilizer or a fertilizing agent. One of skill in the art would readily understand that various types of fertilizers or fertilizing agents may be coated onto the seed and these types are generally known in the art. In another embodiment, the seed may be coated with agents (e.g., limestone, talc, clay, cellulose or starch) that help to pellet the seed, which results in a more uniform seed product.

Seed depth may be a critical component for optimal seed germination. Exemplary embodiments simplify this process by providing a seed pod <NUM> that places the seed <NUM> at the appropriate depth for consistent seed germination. Thus in one embodiment, the seed <NUM> is located at a depth of about <NUM> inches to about <NUM> inches below the planting surface. In another embodiment, the seeds <NUM> are located at a depth of about <NUM> inches to about <NUM> inches below the top of the seed pod <NUM>. In another embodiment, the seeds <NUM> are located at a depth of about <NUM> inches to about <NUM> inches below the top of rooting media <NUM>. As described above, the flange <NUM> may provide an aid in proper insertion of the seed pod <NUM> to an appropriate depth in the surface.

It should be appreciated that any type of fertilizer <NUM> may be used with exemplary embodiments. It is generally understood that fertilizers, fertilizer compositions, nutrients, and/or micronutrients are compositions comprising food for the plant. Common ingredients within the fertilizer <NUM> include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (aka NPK) but the fertilizer is not to be limited by the aforementioned. Other ingredients that may be included within the fertilizer <NUM> including anhydrous ammonia, urea, methylene ureas, IBDU, ammonium nitrate, calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate (aka DAP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP), muriate of potash, potassium nitrate, potassium magnesium sulfate, triple superphosphate, or combinations or derivatives thereof. Other secondary nutrients may also be included such as, for example, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, micronutrients such as iron, copper, zinc, manganese, boron, molybdenum. These fertilizers <NUM> may come from a variety of commercial suppliers. As with other components of the seed pod <NUM>, the fertilizer <NUM> may be derived from natural or organic sources, such that the products established and/or produced from the seed pods <NUM> may be designated and/or classified as organic materials.

The fertilizer or nutrient <NUM> may also be coated with various coating materials that affect the release rate of the fertilizer or nutrient. These are typically referred to as "controlled release" fertilizers. Common types of these include, inter alia, Osmocote. Methods of making various types of controlled release fertilizers are known in the art such as in <CIT>; <CIT>; <CIT>;<CIT>; and <CIT>.

In another embodiment, the seed pod <NUM> may additionally include other biologically active ingredients. These active ingredients may be added to control pests or diseases and/or promote plant growth. As such, the seed pods <NUM> may include, in addition to the fertilizer <NUM>, a biologically active ingredient. These biologically active ingredients may include cytokines, natural hormones, fungicides, insecticides, pheromones, biostimulants, acaricides, miticides, nematocides, or combinations thereof. It should be appreciated that the list of possible cytokines, natural hormones, fungicides, insecticides, pheromones, biostimulants, acaricides, miticides, nematocides, or combinations thereof recited herein is not exhaustive and that other compounds generally known in the art may be freely added to the seed pod <NUM>.

In one embodiment, insecticides may include one or more of the following: permethrin, bifenthrin, acetamiprid, carbaryl, imidicloprid, acephate, resmethrin, dimethyl acetylphosphoramidothioate; ethanimidamide, N-{(<NUM>-chloro-<NUM>-pyridinyl)methyl}-N'-cyano-N-methyl-, (E)-(9Cl)(CA Index name); hydrazinecarboxylic acid, <NUM>-(<NUM>-methoxy{<NUM>,<NUM>'-biphenyl}-<NUM>-YL)-, <NUM>-methylethyl ester (9Cl) (CA Index Name); methyl{<NUM>,<NUM>"-biphenyl} -<NUM>-YL)methyl <NUM>-(<NUM>-chloro-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-trifluoro-<NUM>-propenyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, [1a,3a-(Z)]-(+/-)-<NUM>-methyl[<NUM>,<NUM>'-biphenyl]-<NUM>-yl) methyl <NUM>-(2chloro-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-trifluoro-<NUM>-propenyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate naphthyl-n-methylcarbamate; pyrrole-<NUM>-carbonitrile, <NUM>-bromo-<NUM>-(<NUM>-chlorophenyl)-<NUM>-(ethoxymethyl)-<NUM>-(trifluoromethyl); chloro-alpha-(<NUM>-methylethyl)benzeneacetic acid, cyano(<NUM>-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester amino-<NUM>-(<NUM>,<NUM>-dichloro-<NUM>-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-<NUM>-(<NUM>,R,S) -(trifluoromethyl) sulfinyl) -<NUM>-pyrazole-<NUM>-carbonitrile; benzoic acid, <NUM>-chloro-, <NUM>-benzoyl-<NUM>-(<NUM>,<NUM>-dimethylethyl)hydrazide (9Cl) (CA Index Name); pyrethrins; deoxy-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-tri-o-methyl-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-<NUM>-{{<NUM>-(dimethylamino)tetrahydro-methyl-<NUM>-pyran-<NUM>-YL} oxy} -<NUM>-ethyl-<NUM>,<NUM>,3A,5A,5B,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,16A,16B-tetradecahydro-<NUM>-methyl-<NUM>-as-indaceno {<NUM>,<NUM>-D} oxacyclododecin-<NUM>,<NUM>-dione,(cont'd qual; oxadiazin-<NUM>-imine, <NUM>-(<NUM>-chloro-<NUM>-thiazolyl)methylytetrahydro-<NUM>-methyl-N-nitro-(9Cl) and the like.

In another embodiment, fungicides for use may include chlorothalonil, triforine, triticonazole, azoxystrobin, mancozeb, tetrachloroisophthalonitrile; ethoxy-<NUM>-(trichloromethyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-thiadiazole; dichlorophenyl)-<NUM>-propyl-<NUM>,<NUM>-dioxolan-<NUM>-YL)methyl)-<NUM>-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-triazole; carbamic acid, <NUM>-<NUM>-(<NUM>-chlorophenyl)-<NUM>-pyrazol-<NUM>-ylyoxyymethylyphenylymethoxy-methyl ester (CAS name); dimethyl((<NUM>,<NUM>-phenylene)bis(iminocarbonothioyl))bis(carbamate) and the like.

In yet another embodiment, plant growth regulators for use may include RS,3RS)-<NUM>-(<NUM>-chlorophenyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>-dimethyl-<NUM>-(<NUM>-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-triazol-<NUM>-YL)pentan-<NUM>-OL; cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, <NUM>-(cyclopropylhydroxymethylene)-<NUM>,<NUM>-dioxo-ethyl ester.

In still another embodiment, other exemplary biologically active ingredients may be utilized in the seed pod <NUM> including <NUM>-indolylacetic acid; abamectine; Acephate; acetamiprid; alpha-Cypermethrin; auxin; azaconazole; azoxystrobin; beauveria bassiana; Benomyl; beta-Cyfluthrin; bifenthrin; borate; Borax; boric acid; Captan; carbaryl; Chlorothalonil;; Cyfluthrin; Deltamethrin; Dichlobenil; difenoconazole;; Epoxiconazole; Fipronil; fosetyl-aluminium; gibbereline; gibberella; Imidacloprid; indoxacarb; iprodion; isofenphos; lambda-Cyhalothrin; lindane; malathion; mancozeb; maneb; metalaxyl; metalaxyl-m; metaldehyde; myclobutanil; paclobutrazol; permethrin; picoxystrobin; pyraclostrobin; pyrethrinen; spinosad; streptomyces griseoviridis; Sulphur; tebuconazole; tefluthrin;; trichoderma harzianum ; trifloxystrobin; trinexapac-ethyl; urea herbicides; verticillium dahliae; verticillium lecanii; vinclozolin; hydrogenperoxide; Silverthiosulfate; zineb; zincoxide; and the like. As with other components of the seed pod <NUM>, the fertilizers, nutrients, additives, or biologically active ingredients may be derived from natural or organic sources, such that the products established and/or produced from the seed pods <NUM> may be designated and/or classified as organic materials.

According to exemplary embodiments, the fertilizer or nutrient <NUM> may be placed within the outer shell <NUM> at the bottom portion thereof. It should be appreciated that the fertilizer <NUM> will provide nutrients to the seed by absorption through the rooting media <NUM>. Various types of fertilizer <NUM> can be used at the bottom of the seed pod <NUM>. These may include controlled release fertilizers, time released fertilizers, water soluble fertilizers, coated fertilizers, uncoated fertilizers, or no fertilizer. In one embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> is molded or formed prills, loose prills, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> may be molded Osmocote® or loose Osmocote®. In one embodiment, the fertilizer or nutrient may be coated directly onto the seed.

In another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> found in the seed pod <NUM> may be located at the bottom of the outer shell <NUM>, admixed with the rooting media <NUM>, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> may additionally include secondary nutrients (e.g., sulfur, calcium, or magnesium) and/or micronutrients, which are conventional and generally known and understood by in the art. In another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> may be incorporated and intercalated into the outer shell <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM>. In yet another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> may be found within the outer shell <NUM> of the seed pod <NUM>. In still another embodiment, the fertilizer <NUM> may be attached to the exterior of the outer shell <NUM>.

The Osmocote® is a mixture of NPKs. In one embodiment, the NPK is placed in the bottom of the seed pod <NUM>. The NPK can be in any ratio. In one embodiment, the nitrogen of the NPK may be in the range of <NUM>-<NUM>, the phosphorus of the NPK may be in the range of <NUM>-<NUM>, while the potassium of the NPK may be in the range of <NUM>-<NUM>, or any fractional or whole number range therein. In another embodiment, the NPK may be in a ratio of <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>, or <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>. In another embodiment, the NPK is in a ratio of <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>. It should be appreciated that other ratios of NPK may be substituted depending on the nutritional needs of the particular plant being grown. The total amount of fertilizer <NUM> located at the bottom of the seed pod <NUM> can be in the range of approximately <NUM>-<NUM> grams. In one embodiment the fertilizer <NUM> is <NUM> grams of Osmocote <NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM>. In another embodiment the supply of fertilizer <NUM> and/or nutrient <NUM> present in the seed pod <NUM> is sufficient for a duration of approximately <NUM>-<NUM> days. In one embodiment, the amount of fertilizer <NUM> and/or nutrient <NUM> present is sufficient for a period of approximately <NUM> days.

During the storage and transport of the seed pod <NUM>, the inner contents of the seed pod <NUM> should be protected. This may be accomplished by utilizing a lid or cover <NUM>, as depicted in <FIG> and <FIG>, for example. Various embodiments for the lid <NUM> are possible. For example, the lid <NUM> may be a removable lid that the end user removes prior to or after planting the seed pod <NUM>. In another embodiment, the lid <NUM> may be a biodegradable lid that may or may not be removed after planting the seed pod <NUM> into the planting surface. The lid <NUM> may be affixed to the flange <NUM> of the outer shell <NUM> by an adhesive. The adhesive may be a natural or synthetic adhesive. In an embodiment, if the lid <NUM> is removed from the seed pod <NUM>, the act of removing the lid <NUM> may remove all or most of the adhesive material.

Various materials may be used to make the lid <NUM>. In one embodiment, the lid <NUM> is a removable or biodegradable lid. The lid <NUM> may be made of a material such as, but not limited to, paper, paper board, fiber based, a biofilm, polymer based, plastic, aluminum, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, starch, parafin based material, or combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the lid <NUM> provides the user with printed instructions for planting the seed pod <NUM>. In another embodiment, the lid <NUM> provides a plant identification marker, such that when the seed pod <NUM> is planted, it identifies the type of seed <NUM> planted. In another embodiment, there may be one or more lids <NUM> present on the seed pod <NUM>.

In another embodiment, the lid <NUM> may be comprised of layers <NUM> which allow the user to peel back one layer 104A to reveal a second layer 104B containing printed instructions for planting the seed pod <NUM> or a plant identification marker, while keeping the seed pod <NUM> sealed.

<FIG> depict exemplary embodiments 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D, 120E, and 120F of a carrying tray <NUM>. The carrying tray <NUM> provides for appropriate placement of seed pod <NUM> by a specified or predetermined distance in the planting surface. According to an exemplary embodiment, the seed pod <NUM> may be sold and packaged individually or conglomerated into a seed pod kit comprising several seed pods of the same or different type (e.g., comprising different seed types). The kits or packages may comprise a template, tray, carrying tray or folder that provides, inter alia, appropriate placement of seed pod by distance in the planting surface. The carrying tray may be made of cardboard or another appropriate material. Thus, in an embodiment, the carrying tray holding the seed pods is specifically adapted to hold one or more seed pods <NUM>. The carrying tray may further comprise a handle, instruction, and/or measuring device or ruler. In an embodiment, the carrying tray may be placed onto a surface to provide a guide for the placement of the seed pods <NUM>. Exemplary representations of the carrying tray 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D, 120E, and 120F can be seen in <FIG>. A measuring device or ruler may provide for the proper distance between the seed pods <NUM> that are to be pushed into the surface. This measuring device may be incorporated into the carrying tray.

Exemplary embodiments envision various methods of utilizing the seed pod <NUM>. In an embodiment, a method of growing a plant comprising planting the plant growing system and watering said plant growing system is used. Such a method envisions growing the seed <NUM> such that the germinated seed may be subsequently transplanted. In another embodiment, a method of planting includes pushing a plant seed pod <NUM> into a surface, without the need for digging a hole, and watering the inserted seed pod <NUM>. In another embodiment, planting the seed pod <NUM> requires preparing a surface adapted to receive the seed pod <NUM>.

The seed pod may also be paired with an indoor growing unit according to exemplary embodiments as described above and depicted in <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, for example.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> has a stand <NUM>, has a light source <NUM>, has a base plate <NUM>, one or more growing containers <NUM>, one or more cloches or covers <NUM> to cover the growing containers <NUM>, has one or more pod trays <NUM> which fit in the growing containers <NUM>, and may have a water reservoir <NUM>. The unit is designed to incorporate these elements into a compact design suitable for placement on a kitchen counter. For example, the system may be placed on a kitchen counter under upper cabinets so as not to impede the most readily accessible work surface.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> is designed to start plants from a seed indoors, such as, for example, in a consumer's home. Plants can be started in the unit <NUM> and later be transplanted outdoors, or can be grown directly to harvest. For example, plants suitable for transplant include tomatoes and peppers, and plants that may be grown to harvest include salad greens and herbs. The unit <NUM> is designed to function with the seed pods <NUM> as described above, and also, according to exemplary embodiments, be used with seeds <NUM>, such as plain vegetable seeds, that may also be planted directly into the unit into an appropriate growing media in the growing container <NUM>. The indoor growing unit <NUM> is configured such that the seed pods <NUM> as described above can be placed either into a pod tray <NUM> or seeds <NUM> can be placed into the growing container <NUM> directly into appropriate growing media, such as soil, and then using the integrated light source <NUM> and water reservoir <NUM> the plant seeds <NUM> can be germinated and grown. It should be appreciated that the seed pods <NUM> or seeds <NUM> can be placed directly into growing media <NUM>.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> is designed to be modular and transportable. For example, the base plate <NUM> with the water reservoir <NUM>, growing container(s) <NUM> and pod tray(s) <NUM> may be removed from the stand <NUM> and light unit <NUM> for transport and/or use. For example, the base plate <NUM> may be used outdoors as a self-watering growing unit. Being used outdoors, the light source <NUM> may not be required. Additionally, the base plate <NUM> and/or growing containers <NUM>, with or without pod trays <NUM>, may be taken outside to adapt seedlings to temperatures and sunlight in preparation for transplant. Furthermore, this modularity allows for removal of the base plate <NUM> or individual growing containers <NUM> for easier access to plants for harvest. For example, easier access to plants for harvest, such as lettuces and herbs, may be provided by this modularity. Each growing container <NUM> is covered with a cloche or cover <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, the cloche <NUM> is transparent and provides a way to retain moisture (e.g., maintain humidity) and heat within the growing container <NUM> to contribute to a favorable growth atmosphere for the seeds <NUM> in the seed pod <NUM> or directly planted in the growing container <NUM>.

The unit <NUM> has a light unit <NUM> that is attached to a stand <NUM> through a post assembly <NUM>. The light unit <NUM> may be removably mounted to the post assembly <NUM>. The post assembly <NUM> is detachably mated with the stand <NUM>. The stand <NUM> may have trough <NUM> which may be used to contain decorative elements or provide added storage space. For example, the trough <NUM> may be filled with rocks or other items, such as, extra pods or harvesting shears. Alternatively, the stand <NUM> may lack the trough <NUM>. The trough <NUM> may be of a closed construction which precludes the placement of rocks or other items therein. The unit <NUM> may be composed primarily of plastic, such as ABS. Alternative embodiments may be composed of other durable materials, such as metal, or combinations of materials, such as metal and plastic.

The stand or base <NUM> of the indoor growing unit includes a base plate <NUM>, a water reservoir <NUM>, one or more growing containers <NUM>, and one or more pod trays <NUM> in the growing containers <NUM>. The growing containers <NUM> and water reservoir <NUM> may fit tightly over the base plate <NUM> to further minimize light exposure to the water in the base plate <NUM> to help prevent algal growth. For example, there may be three growing containers <NUM>. Each growing container <NUM> can be configured to contain a number of seed pods <NUM> using the pod tray <NUM>. For example, the pod tray <NUM> may be configured to contain up to six seed pods <NUM>. The growing containers <NUM> and pod trays <NUM> are both removable. A moisture indicator may be used. The moisture indicator may be placed into one or more seed pods or soil in the growing container <NUM> (depending how the unit is configured) to indicate the moisture level which may provide an indication of the water status of the unit.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> may be configured such that assembly requires no tools and parts are easily snapped together and taken apart. Once transplanting or harvesting has occurred, the entire system can be disassembled for cleaning. For example, the base plate <NUM>, the pod trays <NUM>, and the growing containers <NUM> can be washed and reused for the next growing cycle to prevent contamination. The parts of the indoor growing unit <NUM>, such as the base plate <NUM>, the pod trays <NUM>, and the growing containers <NUM> may be dishwasher safe.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> has a base plate <NUM>. The base plate <NUM>, as depicted in <FIG>, is configured to fit over the inner two projections <NUM> of the stand <NUM> as depicted in <FIG>, which show this integration and <FIG> shows the stand <NUM> with the inner two projections <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> is configured to accommodate at least one growing container <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, three growing containers <NUM> may be used with the base plate <NUM>. Each growing container <NUM> may have a cover or grow dome <NUM>. As depicted in <FIG>, the cover <NUM> may be transparent. The cover <NUM> may be made of plastic or another suitable material. Within each growing container <NUM>, there is a pod tray <NUM>. The pod tray <NUM> may be configured to hold a plurality of seed pods. For example, each pod tray <NUM> may hold up to six seed pods <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> has a water tank or reservoir <NUM>. It should be appreciated that each growing container <NUM>, each cover <NUM>, each pod tray <NUM>, and the water reservoir <NUM> may be removable from the base plate <NUM>.

According to exemplary embodiments, the indoor growing unit <NUM> is designed to meet plant physiological needs and may have two, T-<NUM> lights in the light unit <NUM> that provide the proper light quality and quantity for best plant growth. The lights may be programmable to run for a particular length of time, without the need for manually turning on/off of the lights. For example, the lights may run on <NUM> hour days with a nightly rest period to support plant photosynthesis and respiration needs. The light hood is adjustable, allowing the light to easily be moved to the proper distance above the growing portion or plant canopy for optimum growing conditions.

The light unit <NUM> may be movable on the post assembly <NUM> such that the vertical height of the light unit <NUM> may be adjusted. For example, the light unit <NUM> may be adjustable using a ratchet type system. Furthermore, the light unit <NUM> may be movable in other axes to allow positioning the light unit <NUM>. The light unit <NUM> has, on its underside, one or more light sources. The light sources may be light bulbs or tubes as appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. The light unit <NUM> may accommodate differing types of light sources such as fluorescent, LED, halogen, and incandescent. Specialized agricultural and/or horticultural lights may be used. For example, the light unit may have two lights that are grow lights that offer full spectrum lighting in the appropriate temperature to support plant growth. The two lights may have a color temperature appropriate for plant growth. For example, the lights may be T5HO lights from Sunblaster, Inc. According to exemplary embodiments, the lights may be <NUM> watts and and have a color temperature of <NUM>. In some embodiments, other types of lights may be used that operate at other wattages and color temperature. For example, <NUM> or <NUM>,<NUM> T5 type lights may be used. The lights used in the light unit <NUM> may be white lights but it should be appreciated that other colors may be used as appropriate.

The light unit <NUM> may have one or more reflectors. The reflectors may be made of plastic and may be lined with a reflective material, such as, for example, a Mylar material. The reflector may be configured to mimic the curvature of the T-<NUM> bulb, effectively reflecting the light downward towards the growing containers. For example, the light unit <NUM> may have two reflectors, one for each of the two light bulbs. For example, a T5HO nanotech reflector from Sunblaster, Inc. may be used with each light. It should be appreciated that other types of reflectors may be used.

The light unit <NUM> may be powered through a power source. For example, the light unit <NUM> may have a power cord (not shown), which may be contained within the stand/ or post assembly, for plugging into an outlet. The light unit may incorporate a mechanism, such as an electronic or mechanical timer, for programming the on/off light period automatically.

The light unit <NUM> has a hood portion <NUM> that encloses the lights. The hood portion <NUM> may adjustable by tilting the hood <NUM> up and sliding it up and down along the neck <NUM>. The neck <NUM> has notches that allow the hood <NUM> to be secured in place at the desired height. Alternatively, different adjustment mechanisms may be used. For example, friction pads may hold the hood <NUM> at a desired height using gravity. Alternatively, a tightening screw or knob or series of pegs and holes may serve to secure the light at a desired height.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> also has a watering reservoir <NUM>, which provides a constant water table for moisture wicking from the growing media or seed pods <NUM>. The water reservoir <NUM> is contained so as to provide a barrier from and positioned away from the light source for added safety. The water reservoir <NUM> is designed to contain a quantity of water that is dispensed from the reservoir through a cap (not shown) which covers opening <NUM>. The cap may have a spring loaded outlet or valve that is actuated when the reservoir is placed into the base. The water is dispensed directly into the base plate. The reservoir <NUM> is configured such that water flows from the reservoir <NUM> to maintain a particular depth of water in the base of the indoor growing unit. For example, the water depth may be maintained at ½ inch. This water level allows moisture to be drawn up as the growing media or seed pod needs it, helping solve consumer issues of over or under watering. The reservoir <NUM> also allows consumers to spend less time watering and have a greater amount of time in between watering. The water reservoir <NUM> is removable from the unit <NUM> and can be refilled by a user and then replaced in the unit, rather than requiring the consumer to move the entire unit or bring water to the unit to refill the water reservoir <NUM>. To refill the water reservoir <NUM>, water is filled through the cap, which is removable, and then water can be filled into the opening <NUM>. The water reservoir <NUM> is further designed to not leak or spill once filled and water will only exit the reservoir once placed into the growing unit and the cap is actuated. The water reservoir <NUM> may be opaque (such as shown for example in <FIG> (water reservoir <NUM>) or its material may contain an additive to block or otherwise minimize light from reaching the water, thereby helping to prevent algal growth. The water reservoir <NUM> may be transparent as shown, for example, in <FIG> (water reservoir <NUM>). The water reservoir <NUM> may incorporate a visual water level indicator to allow visual inspection of the reservoir's water level. For example, a visual inspection port or strip may be used, a gauge may be used, or the water reservoir may be partially or completely transparent.

The water reservoir <NUM> may have an opening or inlet <NUM> (see <FIG>, for example). A cap (not shown) may be used to close this opening <NUM> and provide flow control for water exhaust from the reservoir. The cap may have a spring loaded valve to allow for exhaust of water from the reservoir <NUM> into the base plate <NUM>. The spring loaded valve may provide flow metering for water exhaust. The spring loaded valve may be actuated through contact with a circular protrusion <NUM> on the base plate <NUM>. The cap may attach to the water reservoir <NUM> through a threaded connection as shown in the figures.

The indoor growing unit is designed to be modular and have a particular number of growing containers <NUM>. For example, the indoor growing unit may have up to three growing containers <NUM>. It should be appreciated that other numbers of growing containers <NUM> are possible. These growing containers <NUM> may be alternatively referred to as grow trays. Each growing container <NUM> contains a pod tray <NUM>. This modularity provides flexibility for different growing configurations. For example, one growing container <NUM> could be utilized to start transplants using a pod tray <NUM> while the other two growing containers <NUM> could be used to grow herbs to harvest in growing media, using seed pods, or seeds. The growing containers <NUM> are dimensionally deep enough to provide enough growing media for healthy root growth and development and growing space is optimized for growing plants either to harvest or transport. The growing containers <NUM> are rectangular with hollow pedestals <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, each growing container <NUM> may have six hollow pedestals <NUM> with holes in their bottom portion that allow water to enter the pedestal. Through these holes, water is allowed to directly contact with the seed pod or growing media. Through this contact, a wicking action may be established to allow for the water to provide moisture to the seed pod or the growing media supporting plant germination and growth. It should be appreciated that each of the six hollow pedestals <NUM> may be covered by a permeable or semi-permeable mesh to prevent growing media from exiting through the opening but still allow water to wick from the base plate <NUM> to the growing media in the growing container <NUM>.

To support transplant growing, the pod tray <NUM> may be used, which simplifies the transplant experience. This pod tray <NUM> is designed to receive and hold plurality of seed pods. For example, each tray may hold up to six seed pods. The pod tray <NUM> suspends the seed pods without growing media in the growing container <NUM> and allows the tips of the pods to touch the water that is located at the bottom of the growing container <NUM> through the hole in the bottom portion of the pedestal feet <NUM> as described above. The pod tray <NUM> is supported in the growing container <NUM> by a flange <NUM> with is configured to rest on an inner lip <NUM> of the growing container <NUM>. The pod tray <NUM> is thus suspended at a predetermined height for proper exposure of the tips of the seed pods to water by way of resting on the inner lip <NUM> surrounding the inside perimeter of the growing container <NUM>. Further, the openings in the bottom of the pod tray allow proper water uptake and root growth while the tray itself maintains the seed pod shape. The seed pods can be easily pushed out of the pod tray from these holes in the bottom to release the seed pod for transplant in another container or garden.

To support growing to harvest, the growing container <NUM> may be used without the pod tray <NUM> and is filled with a growing media. The growing media fills growing container <NUM> and the growing media is in communication with the water in the base plate <NUM> through the holes in the bottom of each of the pedestals. Seed pods may be planted directly into growing media. Alternatively, seeds could also be planted in the growing container <NUM> directly into the growing media.

Each growing container <NUM> has a cover or cloche <NUM>. The cover <NUM> is designed to trap heat and moisture in the growing container <NUM> because having a warm and moist environment can increase the speed of germination. The cover <NUM> has several vents along the side and top, which allow for removal of excess heat and moisture.

The base plate <NUM> may have a series of raised projections <NUM>. These raised projections <NUM> support the underside of the growing container <NUM> to provide for proper placement of each growing container and may serve to support the bottom surface of the growing containers, suspending the growing containers at the optimum height for interaction of the soil or seed pod tips with the water contained in the base plate <NUM>.

Alternatively, the raised projections <NUM> may mate with the pedestals <NUM> of each growing container <NUM> to provide for proper placement and to secure the growing container <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> may have also have raised portions <NUM> which accommodate the inner projections <NUM> of the stand <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> has a circular protrusion <NUM> which is configured to actuate the valve in the cap of the water reservoir as described above.

It should be appreciated that the unit may be portable and can be moved without disassembly. Alternatively, the base plate <NUM>, with any growing containers <NUM> and the water reservoir <NUM> can be moved. For example, the base plate <NUM> and its contents may be moved to an exterior location where the stand and light unit are not required.

It should further be appreciated the positioning and structure of the various components is exemplary. Changes in structure, size, shape, and positioning may be possible. In some embodiments, the indoor growing unit <NUM> may lack the reservoir <NUM>, the pod tray <NUM>, and the cover <NUM>. In these embodiments, for example, water may be added directly to the base unit <NUM>.

For example, <FIG> depicts an indoor unit <NUM> according to exemplary embodiments, with differing structure from the unit <NUM>, such as, for example, having a water reservoir <NUM> being located at the rear of the unit. This and other differences may be appreciated from <FIG> also. Unit <NUM> is also shown lacking covers <NUM> (although such covers could be included). <FIG> depicts another exemplary embodiment <NUM> with a transparent water reservoir <NUM> located at the rear of the unit. It should be appreciated that, as described above, the water reservoir <NUM> may be transparent. Unit <NUM> is also shown lacking covers <NUM> (although such covers could be included). <FIG> depicts another exemplary embodiment <NUM>, that has similar parts to the other embodiments. <FIG> depict another exemplary embodiment <NUM> that uses a capillary mat structure to provide wicking of water between the base unit and the seed pods. <FIG> depict yet another exemplary embodiment that lacks a separate water tank and has a divider structure for support of the seed pods in the growing containers.

It should be appreciated however that the various embodiments of the indoor growing unit depicted herein may also include the various features described above with respect to the indoor unit <NUM> to the extent that such features are not described below. The descriptions of the various embodiments of the indoor growing units may focus on the differences and other features for each embodiment. For example, each of the various indoor growing unit embodiments may include the lights and associated reflectors as described above. In some embodiments, the features may be modified or structurally different but perform the same or similar functions to those described above for the indoor unit <NUM>. For example, a different type of light and/or reflector may be used or a different type of watering system may be used.

<FIG> depicts an indoor growing unit <NUM> according to exemplary embodiments. The unit <NUM> has a light unit <NUM> that is attached to a stand <NUM> through a post assembly <NUM>. The light unit <NUM> may be removably mounted to the post assembly <NUM>. The post assembly <NUM> is detachably mated with the stand <NUM>. The stand <NUM> may have trough <NUM> which may be used to contain decorative elements or provide added storage space. For example, the trough <NUM> may be filled with rocks or other items, such as, extra pods or harvesting shears. Alternatively, the stand <NUM> may lack the trough <NUM>.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> has a base plate <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> is configured to accommodate at least one growing container <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, three growing containers <NUM> may be used with the base plate <NUM>. Each growing container <NUM> may have a cover or grow dome (not shown). Within each growing container <NUM> may be a pod tray. The pod tray may be configured to hold a plurality of seed pods as described above. For example, each pod tray may hold up to six seed pods. The base plate <NUM> has a water tank or reservoir <NUM>. It should be appreciated that each growing container <NUM>, each cover, each pod tray, and the water reservoir <NUM> may be removable from the base plate <NUM>.

The water reservoir <NUM> may have a water level indicator (not shown). The water level indicator indicates the water level in the water reservoir. The water level indicator may be transparent or opaque. This indicator may be a float type indicator. It should be appreciated that other water level indicators may be used.

In <FIG> depict additional exemplary embodiments of the indoor unit as described above, such as indoor unit <NUM> and <NUM>. These indoor units have similar features to those of indoor unit <NUM>, with similar structures labeled with similar reference numbers having a "<NUM>" or "<NUM>" prefix instead of "<NUM>.

<FIG> depict an indoor unit <NUM>. The indoor unit <NUM> is depicted with a capillary mat <NUM> secured by a securing bar <NUM> in place in the bottom of the growing container <NUM>. This capillary mat <NUM> and securing bar <NUM> may be present in each growing container <NUM> or in a subset of the growing containers. The capillary mat <NUM> may be made of a material capable of absorbing and wicking water. The capillary mat <NUM> may be reusable for multiple growing sessions or uses of the unit <NUM>. The capillary mat <NUM> may have a certain lifespan after which it requires replacement. The capillary mat <NUM> may be of a rectangular shape that is configured to be indented or folded down a central portion. This fold allows for the securing bar <NUM> to be placed within the fold to secure and press down the capillary mat into the growing container <NUM>. The growing container <NUM> may have a slot or other opening in its base to allow the capillary mat <NUM> with the securing bar <NUM> to extend through the growing container's base. In this manner, the capillary mat <NUM> may be placed in contact with the water present in the base <NUM>. Through this contact, water may be wicked or otherwise caused to migrate from the base <NUM>, through the capillary mat <NUM> to either the growing media in which the seed pods or seed is planted in the growing container <NUM> or to the seed pod tray <NUM>. The seed pod tray <NUM> may rest upon the capillary mat <NUM> when it is present in the growing container <NUM>. A seed pod <NUM> that is present in the seed pod tray <NUM> may then have access to the water through this contact. The seed pod sits within the seed pod tray <NUM> and its bottom portion may allow this contact. The unit <NUM> may have water reservoir <NUM>. The water reservoir <NUM> may be transparent. In some embodiments, the water reservoir <NUM> may be opaque as shown in <FIG>. The water reservoir may have an opening <NUM>. The opening <NUM> may contain a cap or valve (not shown). The cap or valve may be removed to facilitate filling of the reservoir. The cap or valve may be a one-way flow device to allow water to exit the opening <NUM>. The water reservoir <NUM> or <NUM> may have a visual indicator <NUM> to visually show the water level in the reservoir. The visual indicator <NUM> may be a float type indicator. It should be appreciated that other types of indicators may be used.

<FIG> depicts a cross-section view of a growing container <NUM> and a pod tray <NUM>. A capillary mat <NUM> is shown along with a securing bar <NUM>. The opening or slot <NUM> is shown through which the capillary mat <NUM> and the securing bar <NUM> extend into the base <NUM>. An opening <NUM> at the base of the pod tray <NUM> is in contact with the capillary mat <NUM>. A seed pod (not shown) may be placed in the pod tray. The bottom portion of the seed pod cone would extend into the opening <NUM> and contact the capillary mat <NUM>, according to some embodiments. <FIG> provides another view of the components depicted in <FIG>. The capillary mat <NUM> is shown in an unfolded state <NUM>'.

<FIG> and <FIG> depict a further embodiment for use with the growing tray <NUM>. A seed pod <NUM> (in cross section with only the outer shell <NUM> shown) is in the pod tray <NUM>. As depicted in <FIG>, its bottom cone portion extends into the opening <NUM>. A bridge <NUM> is located in the opening <NUM> between the cone tip and the capillary mat <NUM>. The bridge <NUM> facilitates water wicking from the capillary mat <NUM> to the seed pod <NUM>. The bridge <NUM> may be made of a suitable material to facilitate the water wicking. The water may wick through the bridge <NUM> to the seed pod <NUM>. The bridge <NUM> may have an open center portion as depicted in <FIG> or the bridge <NUM> may be a closed structure. As depicted in <FIG>, multiple bridges <NUM> may be used under each opening <NUM> of the pod tray <NUM>.

<FIG> depict an indoor growing unit <NUM> according to exemplary embodiments. The unit <NUM> has a light unit <NUM> that is attached to a stand <NUM> through a post assembly <NUM>. The light unit <NUM> may be removably mounted to the post assembly <NUM>. The post assembly <NUM> is detachably mated with the stand <NUM>. The stand <NUM> may be enclosed and lack any trough structure.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> has a base plate <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> may be detachably mated with the stand <NUM>. The base plate <NUM> is configured to accommodate at least one growing container <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, three growing containers <NUM> may be used with the base plate <NUM> as shown. Within each growing container <NUM> may be structure to accommodate a plurality of seed pods <NUM>. For example, up to six seed pods may be accommodated in each growing container. The seed pod <NUM> may be any of the embodiments of a seed pod as described above. For example, the seed pod <NUM> may be the seed pod <NUM> as described over. Each growing container <NUM> may be removable from the base plate <NUM>.

Within each growing container <NUM> may be a number of elements to hold the seed pods. The structure may include a top portion <NUM> and a pod divider <NUM>. The pod divider <NUM> may provide support for the top portion <NUM> and serve as a separator for each seed pod <NUM>. In <FIG>, it should be appreciated that only the outer shell portion of the seed pod <NUM> is depicted. The top portion <NUM> may be removed and the seed pods placed into the pod divider <NUM>. According to exemplary embodiments, growing media, such as, but not limited to soil, may be added to the interior volume of the growing container <NUM> upon removal of the top cover <NUM> prior to the seed pods <NUM> be placed. Once the growing media has been filled in, one or more seed pods <NUM> may be inserted into the growing media. The pod divider <NUM> may serve to provide a separator for the seed pods <NUM> to provide for proper spacing and placement of each seed pod <NUM>. The growing media may provide support for each seed pod <NUM>. The top cover <NUM> may be replaced following insertion of the seed pods. The top cover <NUM> may serve to protect the seed pods and prevent foreign objects or material from entering the growing container <NUM>.

In some embodiments the top portion <NUM> may have openings <NUM> through which each seed pod <NUM> may be inserted without removing the top portion <NUM>. In other embodiments, the growing media may be filled through these openings.

The top portion <NUM> may have two halves 2220A and 2220B as depicted in <FIG>. The two halves may be divided along a section <NUM>. The top portion <NUM> may be perforated to allow for penetration of moisture and air through its upper surface, for example. The top portion <NUM> may be made of a suitable material. For example, the top portion <NUM> may be made of plastic. The two halves 2220A and 2220B may allow for removal of the top cover <NUM> once any plants have germinated and grown and need to be removed from the growing container <NUM>. The halves may allow such removal without damage or disturbing of any plants growing.

The growing container <NUM> may have a bottom structure as depicted in <FIG>, for example. Thus, the bottom structure of the growing container <NUM> may have hollow pedestals <NUM>. Each growing container <NUM> may have six hollow pedestals <NUM> with holes in their bottom portion that allow water to enter the pedestal. Through these holes, water is allowed to directly contact with the seed pod or growing media. Through this contact, a wicking action may be established to allow for the water to provide moisture to the seed pod or the growing media supporting plant germination and growth. According to exemplary embodiments, as described above, the growing container <NUM> may be filled with growing media, such as, but not limited to, soil. The growing media may fill the volume of the growing container <NUM> including each of the hollow pedestals <NUM>. Water, in the interior volume <NUM> of the base unit <NUM> may then be wicked into the growing container and eventually into contact with each seed pod <NUM>.

The indoor growing unit <NUM> may lack a separate water reservoir. The water need for growth of the seed pods may be provided from the interior volume <NUM> of the base unit <NUM>. For example, water may be added to the interior volume <NUM> directly. The water may be added through scalloped portion <NUM>. There may be two scalloped portions <NUM> according to exemplar embodiments. Two raised projections <NUM> may serve as water level indicators to provide a visual reference regarding the water level in the interior volume <NUM>. As depicted in <FIG>, for example, the raised projection <NUM> can be seen from exterior of the unit <NUM> when the growing containers <NUM> are in place.

In some embodiments, water may be added through one or more an openings <NUM> through the top cover <NUM>. The water may then flow down and excess may accumulate in the interior volume <NUM>. The water level in the interior volume may be observed as indicated above.

A moisture indicator may be used. The moisture indicator may be placed into one or more seed pods <NUM> or soil in the growing container <NUM> (depending how the unit is configured) to indicate the moisture level which may provide an indication of the water status of the unit <NUM>.

The following examples are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments in any way.

Previous experimentation found that the large, thin-walled spikes made of composted and molded cow manure can successfully grow vegetable plants to maturation and harvest. In this experiment, the inventors determined that various plant species can also successfully grow in the triangular acorn shaped seed pods described and depicted herein. The inventors also determined that the thicker walled triangular acorn shaped seed pod improved the ability of the pod to be pushed into the planting surface.

In this experiment, the inventors determined that dried compressed cow manure, peat moss, and sugar cane were useful as the outer shell. Lima beans and zucchini were successfully grown in each of these materials and these outer shells were easily penetrated by plant roots.

Previous experimentation showed that the sugar cane shaped seed pod worked well for zucchini squash when filled with coir and fertilized with a controlled release fertilizer (e.g., Osmocote®). In this experiment, the inventors evaluated the growth of corn, tomato and green in variable planting depths (e.g., fertilizer beneath the seed, fertilizer in bottom of cone, and fertilizer adjacent to seed), in a loose medium such as coir.

The inventors determined that the placement of formed Osmocote® did not impact tomato plant growth and development. In beans, having the formed Osmocote® in the bottom of the cone was more advantageous in time to germination. Towards the end of the trial, all treatments were similar in their plant size and mass.

Corn was variable in performance. Over time, the formed Osmocote® beneath seed, formed Osmocote® in bottom of cone, and formed Osmocote® adjacent to seed performed similarly in plant size and mass.

In sum, including a formed Osmocote® in a cone matrix successfully delivered proper nutrition to vegetable plants. Placement in the bottom of cone demonstrated faster time to germination.

This experiment investigated variable planting depths in a loose medium such as coir. Corn, tomato and green bean seeds were planted at four depths, including ¼ inch, <NUM> inches, <NUM> inches, and the recommended seeding depth from the seed supplier.

Differences were seen for the first few days after germination with beans and corn, but treatments soon tapered and were statistically the same for the rest of the trial. Tomato treatments were the same for the entire duration of the trial. Depths of <NUM>-<NUM> inches was not detrimental to seedling growth and development and gives more flexibility in seed placement. This study demonstrated that a universal seeding depth may be used with vegetable species.

This experiment investigated the use of shredded coir or a Q-Plug (from IHORT) as the rooting media for the interior of the triangular acorn shaped seed pod.

Germination was statistically equivalent for all treatments and in all species. Only a single lettuce treatment showed no germination. All other treatments for all species germinated, with an average of at least <NUM>%. Differences in plant quality were evident throughout the trial, with added Osmocote® treatments greatly outperforming the non-fertilized treatments.

This experiment investigated how compressed cow manure cone and the rooting media within will interact to pull water for the benefit of a germinating seed and the depth at which the exterior growing media provides adequate moisture. The cones were evaluated in an open tray format utilizing three depths of exterior growing media outside the cones. The rooting media in the cones was either loose coir or a molded plug having external ribs and formed to fit within the cone and comprising shredded coconut coir pith and bark fines. Only bottom-watering was done utilizing the features of the Misco Pot with exterior water ports and interior portals for the soil to engage the water for wicking purposes.

As depicted in <FIG>, three Misco pots measuring <NUM> inches x <NUM> inches x <NUM> inches deep were filled at various depths with shredded coir. The bottoms of the cones are <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM> inches above the portals in the bottom of the Misco pot. Two types of seed were seeded into each cone; three basil on the left side of the cone and three yellow zucchini squash seeds on the right side - both at ¼ inch deep. As a control, the same seed types were planted directly into the coir base, in the absence of a seed pod, at the same depth and distance apart as that dictated by the cone dimensions. At planting, prepared cones were arranged in a straight line through the middle of the Misco pot. Each Misco pot housed three cones, which were formed of composted and molded cow manure. Three of these cones were filled with loose coir and three with molded plugs. These three cones of each substrate represent three replicates. Direct seeded seeds were planted in the voids around the cones but at least one inch away from the cone so any wicking by the cone would not influence the adjacent direct-sown seeds. After the cones were seeded and planted into the shredded coir in the Misco pots, wherein the finished pots will be bottom watered only. No top watering was done in this trial. Pots were monitored daily to be sure water level was maintained especially as the coir base was being wetted out. Germination and development of seedlings were monitored throughout the trial. In particular, seedlings, run in triplicate, were counted as they emerge and the number counted was divided by <NUM> to obtain the percent germination. This rating was taken periodically through the first several weeks of the trial in order to monitor speed of germination as a result of the varying moisture conditions.

As seedlings emerge they were counted. The number counted was divided by <NUM> to obtain % Germination. This rating was taken periodically through the first several weeks of the trial in order to monitor speed of germination as a result of the varying moisture conditions.

<FIG> and <FIG> depict the germination of basil in seed pods comprising either loose coir or a molded plug at various planting depths according to exemplary embodiments.

Table <NUM> below provides a description of the various planting schemes used in this experiment.

The data from these nine treatments was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using ARM version <NUM> (Gylling Data Management). If treatment probability is significant, means were separated using Student Newman-Keuls at P =<NUM>.

In the shallow planted Misco Pots, the coir matrix soil was a total of <NUM> inches deep with the bottom of the cone elevated at <NUM> inches above the level of the water. It was observed that the surface of the coir matrix continuously had a wet appearance attesting to its wicking capability at that <NUM> inch depth. The exposed rims of the cones were noticeably wetter as well (see <FIG>).

The coir matrix effectively wicked moisture through its <NUM> inch profile and provided ample moisture at <NUM> days after seeding (DAS) for seed germination in both versions of the cone (loose coir filled and molded plug-filled) and for the direct-sown seed. This pattern held true for both species at all three rating dates (see <FIG> and <FIG>).

In the mid-depth Misco pot the coir matrix was <NUM> inches deep with the bottom of the cone elevated <NUM> inches above the level of the water. Unlike the surface of <NUM> inch deep coir matrix, the <NUM> inch depth did not appear wet at the surface. However, the exposed rims of the cone showed that most of the cones were adequately moistened due to wicking (see <FIG>).

At <NUM> DAS the molded plug cone was the only setting where basil plants received adequate moisture for germination. No basil seeds germinated in the Coir-filled cone or the direct seed. At <NUM> and <NUM> days basil seed germination occurred in the Coir-filled cone but not in the direct seed setting (see <FIG>).

Squash was similar to basil in its response except that both versions of the cone provided ample moisture for the germination of the squash seed beginning at the early <NUM> day timeframe. Direct-sown squash did not germinate (see <FIG>). This illustrated the effectiveness of the cone for moving moisture against gravity for successful germination of these two species which could not germinate using conventional direct-sow seeding methods. In this case moisture was moved <NUM> inches - from the portal to the seed.

In the deep-depth Misco pot the coir matrix was <NUM> inches deep with the bottom of the cone elevated <NUM> inches above the level of the water. At this depth there was no visible moisture at the surface of the coir matrix (see <FIG>). Most all cones wetted well based on the appearance of the exposed rims (as in the mid-depth Misco pot one of the three Coir-filled cones did not wick water and so no seeds germinated).

As with the mid-depth Misco Pot most all basil and squash germinated as long as they were housed in the cone setting (see <FIG> and <FIG>). Direct-sown seed did not receive adequate moisture for germination. In this case, adequate moisture was pulled <NUM> inches to the seed through the benefit of the cone and the loose coir and/or molded plug materials within.

A variety of other herbs and vegetables were tested utilizing similar methodology presented above. In this example, the nutrient blends were tested for germination, overall growth, root rating, and dry weight of the products produced. The nutrient blends of NPK tested were NPK-<NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM> (i.e., F1) and NPK-<NUM>-<NUM>-<NUM> (i.e., F2). These plants include basil, cilantro, thyme, dill, bush beans, snap peas, spinach, lettuce (loose leaf, butterhead, and romaine), watermelon, cucumber, summer squash, pumpkin, sweet pepper, tomato (globe and cherry). The tables, below, provide a summary of seed pods utilizing F1 and F2 NPK levels in the seed pods as compared to seeds planted directly into the native soil. The seed pods' outer shell was a compressed cow manure cone and the rooting media was a molded plug comprising shredded coconut coir pith and bark fines and F1 or F2 NPK. The tables below summarize the results for the various seeds in percent germination (Table <NUM>), overall growth (Table <NUM>), root rating (Table <NUM>), and dry weight (Table <NUM>).

Basil grown in the seed pods produced better emergence at <NUM> days after seeding when compared to direct seeding into amended native soil. This was likely due to difficulties of the basil seedling emerging through the clay-like soil with a high bulk density and a tendency of surface crusting after watering. Germination at <NUM> days showed no statistical differences between treatments. Dry weight, growth indices and root ratings at <NUM> weeks showed significantly more growth with the plants grown in the Seed Pod compared to directly sown seed. In this study the seed pods provided basil a germination advantage as well as an overall growth, dry weight accumulation, and root growth advantage for basil compared to directly sown seed.

Cilantro seed performed similarly when grown from the Seed Pods or when direct seeded. Percent germination at <NUM> and <NUM> days was not statistically different among treatments. Final dry weights and root ratings were also not statistically different. However, growth indices showed that cilantro grown in Seed Pods was significantly larger than plants that were directly seeded. Overall, cilantro growth was comparable when grown from seed in the Seed Pods or directly seeded into native soil.

Thyme responded similarly to the three treatments. Germination at <NUM> and <NUM> days was not statistically different among treatments. Dry weight, root ratings, and growth indices were also not statistically different among treatments. Thyme germination, growth and development was comparable when grown in the Seed Pods or when directly sown into native soil.

Dill seed germination was statistically similar for the three treatments at both <NUM> and <NUM> days after sowing. Even though overall growth of dill in the Seed Pods was significantly greater than direct-seeded into native soil, the dry weights of the three treatments two weeks later (at the end of the trial) were not significantly different. Seed Pods tended to have better root ratings than the direct-seed treatment. In summary, the performance of dill in the Seed Pods showed tendencies of improved growth and development when compared to direct seed.

Bean seeds grown in Seed Pods or directly seeded had comparable germination rates at <NUM> and <NUM> days. Growth indices taken at <NUM> weeks showed the F-<NUM> Seed Pod produced a significantly larger plant than the direct seeded control. The F-<NUM> Seed Pod was no different than the control. However, by <NUM> weeks dry weights and root ratings showed no significant difference among the three treatments. Overall, beans grown in Seed Pods or in native soil have similar germination, dry weight production, and root growth.

There was a tendency for pea seeds in the Seed Pods to germinate better than seeds sown directly into native soil. The Seed Pod with F-<NUM> fertilizer produced pea plants with significantly greater dry weight accumulation than Seed Pod with F-<NUM> fertilizer or directly sown seeds. Overall growth measured at <NUM> weeks and <NUM> week root ratings were statistically similar for all treatments. In summary pea seed germination tended to be better in Seed Pods but the subsequent vegetative growth and root growth were quite similar for each of the three treatments.

Spinach plants had similar germination at <NUM> and <NUM> days for all treatments. Growth indices taken at <NUM> weeks showed that spinach plants grown from direct seed in soil tended to have greater growth than those grown in Seed Pods. However, by <NUM> weeks dry weights and root ratings indicated there were no significant differences among the three treatments. Overall, spinach performed similarly when grown in Seed Pods or when directly seeded into native soil.

Several varieties of lettuce were tested in these studies, including loose leaf lettuce, butterhead lettuce, and romaine lettuce. All three cultivars of lettuce grown from the Seed Pods had statistically similar germination rate at <NUM> and <NUM> days as those planted directly into native soil. At four weeks, overall growth of lettuce plants for each variety was similar for each treatment. At six weeks, the dry weight for loose leaf and romaine lettuce showed that the three treatments were not statistically different from one another however, dry weights of butterhead lettuce showed that native soil and Seed Pods with F2 level of nutrition had significantly more growth than plants grown in Seed Pods with F1. Root ratings of loose leaf lettuce, butterhead lettuce, and romaine lettuce showed no statistical differences among treatments. In summary, all three lettuces grown from seed in the Seed Pod performed similarly as lettuce grown in native soil. One parameter, butterhead lettuce dry weight, showed that the F-<NUM> Seed Pod was inferior to the F-<NUM> Seed Pod and the native soil control. However, all other butterhead lettuce ratings showed no statistical differences among the three treatments.

Watermelon performed similarly in both Seed Pods and when seeded directly into the native soil. The rate of germination was statistically similar for all treatments at <NUM> and <NUM> days. The dry weight, root ratings, and overall growth were not statistically different among treatments. Overall, watermelon seed can be started from either Seed Pods or directly sown to obtain the same rate of germination and plant growth for <NUM> weeks after seeding.

Cucumber performed similarly in both Seed Pods and when seeded directly into the native soil. The rate of germination was similar for all treatments at <NUM> and <NUM> days. The dry weight, root ratings, and overall growth were not statistically different among the three treatments. Overall, the success of growing cucumber in Seed Pods or direct seed is very similar.

Zucchini performed similarly in both Seed Pods and when grown in a direct-seed setting. The rate of germination was similar for all treatments at <NUM> and <NUM> days. The dry weight, root ratings, and overall growth were not statistically different among treatments. Overall, zucchini can be grown from seed equally well using the Seed Pods or when directly sown in native soil.

Pumpkin performed similarly in both Seed Pods and when directly seeded into native soil. The rate of germination was similar for all treatments at <NUM> and <NUM> days. The dry weight, root ratings, and overall growth were not statistically different among treatments. Overall, pumpkin can be grown equally well from seed using Seed Pods or when direct sown into native soil.

Sweet Pepper performed similarly in both Seed Pods and when seeded directly into native soil. The rate of germination was similar for all treatments at <NUM> and <NUM> days. The dry weight, root ratings, and overall growth were not statistically different among treatments. Overall, sweet pepper performs equally well when seed is planted using the Seed Pod system or when directly seeded into native soil.

Two types of tomatoes (Cherry and Globe) were evaluated in this set of trials. Cherry tomato had statistically similar germination rates for all three treatments at both <NUM> and <NUM> days. Globe tomatoes that were direct seeded into native soil had better germination than Seed Pods at <NUM> days after seeding but by <NUM> days there was no statistical difference among treatments. The delay of germination of Globe tomatoes in Seed Pods could not be explained. At <NUM> weeks the overall growth of both Cherry and Globe tomato plants in the Seed Pods was not significantly different than directly sown plants. However, at <NUM> weeks Cherry tomato plants in the Seed Pods had significantly more dry weight accumulation than directly seeded into the soil. This was likely due to the added nutrition in the growing media of the Seed Pods. Interestingly this nutritional advantage was not expressed in the Globe tomato plants. The root ratings for both tomato cultivars indicted no differences among the treatments. Overall, Cherry and Globe tomatoes performed similarly when grown from Seed Pods or when directly seeded.

While the foregoing description includes details and specific examples, it is to be understood that these have been included for purposes of explanation only, and are not to be interpreted as limitations of the preferred embodiments.

Experiments to determine whether the contents of the rooting media and/or techniques in fabricating the rooting media affected the germination rates of a variety of seed types were conducted. Seed pods were tested by altering the type of rooting media with (<NUM>) only coconut coir pith, (<NUM>) coconut coir pith and bark fines, (<NUM>) the coconut coir pith and peat moss held in place by x-tack and subjected to heat drying, or (<NUM>) seeds were placed directly into the planting surface (i.e., no seed pod) (see table below):.

The manufacturing process of the plug may require the use of a special adhesive call X-tack and requires drying the seed pod in a dryer at high temperatures to remove moisture. Seed pods were seeded with two to three seeds (depending on the seed type and size). Each seed was placed at a depth of <NUM> inches below the surface of the planting area (measured from the top of the seed). As a control the same number of seeds will be seeded directly into the planting area without the use of a seed pod. All seed pods and seeds were planted in Fafard 3B professional potting mix (i.e., soil) and placed into <NUM>" plastic pots filled with the soil so that the rim of the pod is level with the surface of the soil. Finished pots were watered to settle the soil and establish the moisture level for seed germination. Observations were noted as seeds germinate and grow. The experiment terminated at the end of the germination period, which is approximately <NUM> to <NUM> weeks after initiation. The following species of vegetables/herbs were tested: Basil Genovese (Ocimum basilicum 'Genovese'), Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum 'Santo'), Dill (Anethum graveolens 'Fernleaf'), Bush Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris 'Jade'), Snap Pea (Pisum sativum 'Sugar Bon'), Spinach (Spinacia oleracea 'Baker), Looseleaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa 'Lola Rosa'), Butterhead Lettuce (Lactuca sativa 'Butter Crunch'), Romaine Lettuce (Lactuca sativa 'Winter Density), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus 'Sugar Baby), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus 'Tasty Green'), Zucchini Squash (Cucurbita pepo 'Fiesta'), Yellow Zucchini Squash (Cucurbita pepo 'Star Dust), Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo 'Spartan'), Sweet Pepper (Capsica annuum 'Red Bull), Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Sweet Million'), Globe Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Red Pride).

Following the <NUM> to <NUM> week experimentation period, the germination rates for planted species were compared. The results of the experiments are provided in <FIG>. Seed pods comprising only coconut coir pith germinated at a rate that was similar to seeds placed directly into the soil. Depending on the seed type, seed pods comprising only coconut coir pith performed similar to or better than seed pods comprised of both coconut coir pith and bark fines, with or without X-tack and heat process. Lettuce cultivars had a better initial rate of germination in the coconut coir pith seed pods compared to coconut coir pith and bark fines, with or without the X-tack and heat process.

In-field trials were conducted using the seed pods at five locations worldwide, including Ohio, Oregon, Florida, France, and England. The primary goal of this trial was to determine the viability of various seed types / cultivars of garden vegetables and herbs in the seed pod system. Germination and early growth were the primary parameters evaluated in this trial. The success of the seed pods were based on comparing the seed pod germination rates to the germination rate of directly planting the seeds into native soil.

Trials were conducted in <NUM> foot wide garden rows and marked off in <NUM> foot segments, where each segment is the equivalent of one replicate. Each replicate was sub-divided into four <NUM> foot x <NUM> foot squares - each accommodating one of the four treatments (according to the plot plan in the Addendum). Each species will occupy a total of <NUM> linear feet of the garden row. For all <NUM> seed types a total of <NUM> linear feet of garden row will be needed.

Prior to planting, the garden rows (at Marysville only) were topped with <NUM> inches of Miracle Gro Flower and Vegetable Garden Soil per garden soil directions and tilled to a depth of <NUM> inches using a tractor-mounted rotor-tiller or similar implement. Seed pods and seed were planted in the center of their <NUM> foot x <NUM> foot plots. Seed pods were planted according to labeled instructions, such that they were pressed into the soil up to the flange. The direct-seed control treatments were planted directly into the prepared soil. Large-seeded species were planted at <NUM> inches deep and small-seeded species will be at <NUM> inches deep. Table <NUM> below provides a species list to determine large-seeded and small-seeded species.

After planting and fertilizing, the plots were watered until the area appeared thoroughly wetted - as a homeowner would and applied to all plots as equally as possibly. Water was applied on a daily basis. At <NUM> days, additional fertilizer was applied to treatments <NUM> and <NUM> (see Table <NUM> below), using a shaker jar to the <NUM> square foot area of soil surrounding the seedling and lightly raked into the soil. Treatments were monitored for germination beginning at <NUM> days after planting. The dates of emergence and the number of seeds germinated in each plot were recorded.

Results were recorded as a percentage of seeds that germinated vs. the number of seeds planted (i.e. if only one of three seeds germinated, that site had <NUM>% germination). The controls (i.e., seeds planted directly into the soil) were seeded at the same depth and spacing as the seed pods. In several instances the seed pod had Percent Germination greater than <NUM>%. This is because: <NUM>) Some small-seeded seeds pods were manufactured with more than the specified number of <NUM> seeds, or <NUM>) Some species such as cilantro and dill sometimes appear to have <NUM> seedlings emerging from the same seed. It will also be noticed that germination occasionally decreased over time. Seedlings can die or be eaten and when 'blind' ratings are conducted and this would not be noticed until the data are analyzed. The results from each location are summarized below.

Claim 1:
A system, comprising:
a base plate (<NUM>);
a stand (<NUM>);
an adjustable lighting fixture that overhangs the base plate (<NUM>) and is attached to the stand (<NUM>);
one or more growing containers (<NUM>) that fit within the base plate (<NUM>), and
one or more pod trays (<NUM>) that fit within each growing container (<NUM>) and that accommodate a plurality, preferably six, of plant growing systems;
wherein each of the plurality of plant growing systems comprises: a biodegradable outer shell (<NUM>), a rooting media, a fertilizer or nutrient, seeds, and a removable lid (<NUM>).