Patent Description:
The present invention also relates to a method and a plant for building tyres for vehicle wheels.

A tyre for vehicle wheels generally comprises a carcass structure comprising at least one carcass ply having respectively opposite end flaps engaged with respective anchoring annular structures, integrated in the zones normally identified with the name "beads", having an inner diameter substantially corresponding to a so-called "fitting diameter" of the tyre on a respective mounting rim.

The carcass structure is associated with a belt structure which can comprise one or more belt layers, situated in radial superimposition with respect to each other and with respect to the carcass ply, having metallic or textile reinforcement cords with cross orientation and/or substantially parallel to the circumferential extension direction of the tyre (layer at zero degrees). In radially outer position with respect to the belt structure, a tread band is applied, made of elastomeric material like other constituent components of the tyre.

Respective sidewalls made of elastomeric material are also applied in axially external position on the lateral surfaces of the carcass structure, each extended from one of the lateral edges of the tread band up to the respective anchoring annular structure at the beads.

Following the building of the green tyre actuated through assembly of respective components, a moulding and vulcanisation treatment is generally carried out that is aimed to determine the structural stabilisation of the tyre through crosslinking of the elastomeric compositions as well as imparting on the same, if requested, a desired tread design and possible distinctive graphic marks at the sidewalls of the tyre.

With the term "elastomeric material" it is intended a composition comprising at least one elastomeric polymer and at least one reinforcement filler. Preferably, such composition also comprises additives such as, for example, a crosslinking agent and/or a plasticiser. Due to the presence of the crosslinking agent, through heating such material can be crosslinked, so as to form the final manufactured product.

With the term "semi-finished product" it is intended a tape-like element made of elastomeric material possibly comprising other elements such as cords, reinforcements, sealing material, etc., previously made and preferably having width equal to the width of the component to be attained and possibly previously cut into length segments equal to the circumference of the component to be attained. The semi-finished product is adapted to be wound in turns on a dispensing reel.

With the term "service tape" it is intended an elongated tape-like element adapted to be wound in turns and made with material and structure such to divide and possibly sustain turns of semi-finished product. The service tape can be simple, i.e. made as a substantially two-dimensional layer (except for the thickness of the layer itself), or it can be structured, i.e. made as a three-dimensional structure having a substantially two-dimensional layer associated with lateral support shoulders which, when the service tape is wound in turns, are abutted against the underlying turn and define a containment volume of a turn of semi-finished product.

With the term "reel" it is intended a cylindrical support possibly provided with two lateral containment flanges having diameter related to the length of the semi-finished product and/or of the service tape.

With the term "axial middle line plane" of the reel it is intended a plane perpendicular to the cylindrical support and equidistant from the axially outer portions of the reel, in particular from the lateral containment flanges, if present.

With the term "dispensing reel" it is intended a reel adapted to receive a semi-finished product and at least one service tape wound such that a turn of service tape is radially interposed between two consecutive turns of semi-finished product, with possible interposition of further service tapes if necessary.

With the term "full dispensing reel" it is intended the service reel comprising at least one length of semi-finished product and the service tape wound around the winding axis thereof such that, in a radial sequence, a turn of service tape is radially interposed between two consecutive turns of semi-finished product, with possible interposition of further service tapes if necessary.

With the term "empty dispensing reel" it is intended the service reel from which, in a preceding feeding procedure, the entire length of the semi-finished product has been dispensed and possibly comprising the service tape rewound following a preceding feeding procedure.

The expression "dispensing reel being replaced" is intended applicable both to the full dispensing reel and to the empty dispensing reel.

With the term "feeding procedure" it is intended a sequence of actions following which the semi-finished product is made available to an apparatus for dispensing a semi-finished product. With the term "loading/unloading procedure" it is intended a sequence of actions following which an empty dispensing reel is substituted with a full dispensing reel.

With the term "service reel" it is intended a reel adapted to receive a service tape wound in turns.

With the term "carcass structure" it is intended a set having at least one carcass ply and a pair of anchoring annular structures. In addition, provision can be made for one or more from among the following: a self-sealing layer, liner, under-liner, anti-abrasive inserts, reinforcements, complex (the set of liner, under-liner and anti-abrasive inserts), at least one portion of the sidewalls (or the sidewalls themselves).

With the term "carcass portion" it is intended a subset of the carcass structure having at least one carcass ply and preferably corresponding to the carcass structure lacking the pair of anchoring annular structures.

With the term "crown structure" it is intended a set having at least one belt structure comprising at least one belt layer and one tread band. In addition, provision can be for one or more of the following: under-belt inserts, reinforcements, at least one portion of the sidewalls (or the sidewalls themselves) if not already provided for in the carcass structure.

With the term "tyre being processed" it is intended a set of one or more parts of the green tyre built on a forming support or drum.

With the term "control unit" it is intended a logic set of one or more control units.

<CIT> describes an apparatus which can operate alternatively in winding mode, as winding apparatus on reels for storing a material used for building tyres, or in unwinding mode, as apparatus for unwinding a material used for building tyres from storage reels.

The apparatus comprises a first station and a second station, each adapted to receive a storage reel and a service material reel.

With reference to the unwinding mode, the unwinding apparatus has an unwinding section in which the service material and the building material are unwound from the storage reel and separated. The service material separated from the building material is wound on the reel of the service material.

The first station is translatable alternatively between a first management section and the unwinding section. In addition, the second station is translatable alternatively between the unwinding section and a second management section. The unwinding section is situated between the first management section and the second management section.

With reference to the unwinding mode, in a management section, a "full" reel of the service material and an "empty" storage reel are unloaded from the respective section. Subsequently, an "empty" reel of the service material and a "full" storage reel are subsequently loaded onto the respective station.

The document <CIT> describes a building plant in which a forming drum is loaded onto a shuttle movable on a guide along a deposition line. The shuttle is moved on the guide in the two travel senses in order to be carried to one or more stations for dispensing semi-finished products arranged side-by-side along the guide. At each of the dispensing stations, at least one semi-finished product is deposited on a surface radially external to the forming drum in order to form at least one component of a tyre.

<CIT> describes a device for unwinding and rewinding the service material with which an element for building a tyre is wound, in particular an element of a belt, for example a tread element. A first step provides for the unwinding and the separation of the building element and of the service material initially wound on a first reel. The service material is wound on a second reel and subsequently rewound on the first reel.

The Applicant has observed that the apparatus described in the document <CIT> is bulky both in width, since it requires the presence of three sections through which the stations are translated through, and in length, since it provides that the storage reel and the service material reel are aligned along such direction.

In addition, the Applicant has observed that the apparatus described in the document <CIT> provides for an access on two opposite sides corresponding respectively to the first and to the second management section. This arrangement of the accesses increases the overall dimensions thereof, since it requires further manoeuvring space, and obliges the operator to alternate himself/herself between two opposite zones, together with the reels that he/she is managing during loading and unloading, limiting the ergonomics of the entire plant.

The Applicant has perceived that the overall dimensions and the configuration of the feeding apparatus described in the document <CIT> would be further disadvantageous in the case of an application thereof for example in a plant for building tyres of the type, described for example in the document <CIT> which, due to compactness, versatility and speed of building, constitutes a valid selection in particular in the case of batches with a limited number of tyres intended for high or medium-high performances.

Indeed, the possible use of the feeding apparatus provided for in the document <CIT> at one of the stations for dispensing semi-finished products arranged side-by-side along the deposition line as described in the document <CIT>, would require reserving for the feeding apparatus a space with width equal to at least three times the width of the dispensing station itself and hence would require increasing the distance with respect to the adjacent dispensing stations. An increase of the length of the deposition line would follow, i.e. of the travel of the shuttle that carries the forming drum, and hence an increase of the cycle time.

The Applicant has also observed that the document <CIT> does not add further information with regard to the overall dimensions of the first reel and of the second reel, hence not resolving the limitations illustrated for the use of an apparatus of the type described in the document <CIT>.

In addition, the Applicant has observed that the unwinding device described in the document <CIT> would be even bulkier in the event in which the second reel had dimensions analogous to those of the first reel, as it is necessary to provide for structured service tape adapted to space and support each turn of the building element.

The Applicant has perceived that a different structural and/or geometric arrangement of the various elements discussed such to generate compact use configurations could effectively resolve problems of overall dimensions and simplicity of use by operators.

The Applicant has finally found that the configuration of the feeding station as a rotating carousel, subdivided into two operating units, allows limiting the overall dimensions and generally improving the ergonomics of the plant in use by providing for only one access for carrying out the loading/unloading operations.

In accordance with a first aspect, the present invention relates to a method for feeding a semi-finished product for building a component of a tyre.

Preferably provision is made for arranging a carousel rotating around an axis arranged centrally between a work station and a loading/unloading station.

Preferably said carousel is divided into two operating units such that while one operating unit is arranged in the work station the other operating unit is arranged in the loading/unloading station. Preferably each operating unit comprises a dispensing reel and a service reel rotatable around respective mounting axes. Preferably provision is made for carrying out, at least partially simultaneously, a feeding procedure in the operating unit located in the work station and a loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station. Preferably, at the end of the feeding procedure and of the loading/unloading procedure, provision is made for rotating said carousel around said axis so as to reverse the position of said two operating units.

Preferably, at the end of the rotation, provision is made for repeating the feeding procedure in the operating unit located in the work station and the loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station.

In accordance with a second aspect the present invention relates to a method for building tyres for vehicle wheels.

Preferably provision is made for arranging a plurality of building stations and a plurality of drums.

Preferably provision is made for moving each drum of said plurality of drums between at least several building stations of said plurality of building stations.

Preferably provision is made for carrying out, in each building station, a processing on a tyre being processed associated with a drum of said plurality of drums up to completion of the tyre. Preferably at least one processing comprises feeding a semi-finished product according to the first aspect of the invention and depositing a semi-finished product on a surface radially external to the drum at at least one forming station of said plurality of building stations.

In accordance with a third aspect, the present invention relates to a feeding station for building a component of a tyre.

Preferably a carousel is provided, rotating around an axis arranged centrally between a work station and a loading/unloading station of the feeding station.

Preferably said carousel is divided into two operating units such that while one operating unit is arranged in the work station the other operating unit is arranged in the loading/unloading station. Preferably each operating unit comprises a dispensing reel and a service reel rotatable around respective mounting axes. Preferably a control unit is provided that is programmed for:.

In accordance with a fourth aspect the present invention relates to a plant for building tyres for vehicle wheels.

Preferably provision is made for a plurality of building stations and a plurality of drums, in which each drum of said plurality of drums is movable between at least several building stations of said plurality of building stations.

Preferably said plurality of building stations comprises at least one forming station configured for forming a component of the tyre.

Preferably said at least one forming station comprises a feeding station according to the third aspect of the invention and a dispensing apparatus with which said station for feeding a semi-finished product is operatively associated.

Preferably said dispensing apparatus is configured for receiving a semi-finished product from the feeding station and for depositing said semi-finished product on a surface radially external to a drum of said plurality of drums in order to form said component of the tyre.

The Applicant deems that providing for a carousel rotating divided into two operating units limits the overall dimensions and improves the ergonomics of the entire plant, stably defining the position of the loading/unloading station, also simplifying the activity of the operators.

In one or more of the indicated aspects, the present invention can comprise one or more of the following characteristics.

Preferably said feeding procedure comprises unwinding from the full dispensing reel a semi-finished product and a service tape, said semi-finished product and said service tape being wound on the dispensing reel such that a turn of service tape is radially interposed between two consecutive turns of semi-finished product.

Preferably said feeding procedure comprises separating the semi-finished product being unwound from the service tape being unwound.

Preferably said feeding procedure comprises directing the semi-finished product separated from the service tape along a feeding path until the semi-finished product wound on said dispensing reel is exhausted.

Preferably said feeding procedure comprises accumulating the service tape separated from the semi-finished product by winding it on the service reel until the semi-finished product wound on said dispensing reel is exhausted.

Preferably said loading/unloading procedure comprises unloading, from the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station, a service tape separated from the semi-finished product in a preceding feeding procedure carried out when the operating unit was situated in the work station. Preferably said loading/unloading procedure comprises unloading from the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station an empty dispensing reel, following a preceding feeding procedure carried out when the operating unit is situated in the work station.

Preferably said loading/unloading procedure comprises loading, in the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station, a full dispensing reel around which a semi-finished product is wound with interposition of a service tape so that a turn of service tape is radially interposed between two consecutive turns of semi-finished product.

Preferably provision is made for directing the semi-finished product separated from the service tape along the feeding path through a sector of the operating unit which, when the operating unit is arranged in the loading/unloading station, corresponds to a loading/unloading sector of the dispensing reel being replaced. The Applicant deems that by using same sector of the operating unit both for the loading/unloading operations of the dispensing reel and for the feeding of the semi-finished product, it is possible to increase the compactness of the carousel and the reliability of the positioning.

Preferably the work and loading/unloading stations define a fixed area with respect to an absolute reference system, preferably with respect to a dispensing apparatus.

Preferably, at the end of the feeding procedure, provision is made for rewinding on said empty dispensing reel the accumulated service tape.

The Applicant deems that the rewinding of the accumulated service tape allows simplifying the operations in particular of loading/unloading and of providing a variety of structural and/or geometric arrangements including selecting those more compact for effectively resolving problems of overall dimensions, simplicity of use by operators and inertia reduction in the movement of the feeding station.

Preferably the rewinding on said empty dispensing reel of the accumulated service tape is carried out at least partially in the work station.

Preferably the rewinding on said empty dispensing reel of the accumulated service tape is carried out at least partially during the rotation of the carousel around the axis to reverse the position of the operating units.

Preferably the rewinding on said empty dispensing reel of the accumulated service tape is carried out at least partially when the operating unit reaches the loading/unloading station.

The Applicant deems that the carousel and the relative rotary movement allow an effective synergy with the rewinding of the accumulated service tape, allowing a multiplicity of possibilities such to increase the flexibility of the plant.

Preferably said loading/unloading procedure comprises unloading, from the operating unit, said empty dispensing reel around which the service tape separated from the semi-finished product was rewound in a preceding feeding procedure, carried out when the operating unit was situated in the work station.

The Applicant deems that the rewinding of the service tape on the dispensing reel improves the ergonomics of the feeding station and simplifies the manual operations in particular in the case of large-size reels.

Preferably said service reel is stably associated with said carousel.

The Applicant deems that by maintaining the service reel stably associated with the carousel, the manual operations can be simplified in particular in the case of large-size reels since the service reel does not require replacement. The latter aspect also affects the design selections since - not having to replace the service reel - it is possible to select its position only for the purpose of compacting the carousel and rendering it adaptable to a plant with side-by-side building stations.

Preferably unwinding said semi-finished product and said service tape from said dispensing reel comprises imposing a said dispensing reel a dispensing rotation around its own mounting axis.

Preferably rewinding on said dispensing reel said accumulated service tape comprises imposing a said dispensing reel a rewinding rotation contrary to the dispensing rotation.

The Applicant deems that the rotation of the dispensing reel allows an effective control on the unwinding of the semi-finished product and of the service tape and on the rewinding of the service tape.

Preferably accumulating said service tape comprises imposing a winding rotation on said service reel, around a mounting axis thereof. Preferably rewinding said accumulated service tape on said dispensing reel comprises imposing, on said service reel, an unwinding rotation contrary to the winding rotation.

The Applicant deems that the rotation of the service reel allows an effective control on the winding and on the rewinding of the service tape.

Preferably, the unwinding rotation of the service reel contrasts with the rewinding rotation of the dispensing reel.

Preferably, the winding rotation of the service reel contrasts with the dispensing rotation of the dispensing reel.

Preferably provision is made for monitoring the length of accumulated service tape on the service reel during the winding rotation, recording an overall length of accumulated service tape at the end of the winding rotation, monitoring the length of service tape rewound on the dispensing reel during the rewinding rotation, stopping the rewinding rotation upon reaching said overall length of service tape on said dispensing reel.

The Applicant deems that stopping the rewinding of the service tape based on the monitoring of the length of accumulated service tape allows effectively managing the feeding station also in the event in which the dispensing reels different from each other, for example for the length of semi-finished product and/or of service tape.

Preferably provision is made for a dispensing motorisation operatively associated with the dispensing reel and a service motorisation operatively associated with the service reel. Preferably said control unit is programmed for actuating said dispensing motorisation while said service motorisation operates as control brake during the rewinding rotation at the dispensing reel and the unwinding rotation of the service reel.

Preferably said control unit is programmed for actuating said service motorisation while said dispensing motorisation operates as control brake during the dispensing rotation of the dispensing reel and the winding rotation of the service reel.

Preferably said rewinding rotation of the dispensing reel and said unwinding rotation of the service reel are generated from a dispensing motorisation operatively associated with the dispensing reel while a service motorisation operatively associated with the service reel operates as control brake. Preferably said dispensing rotation of the dispensing reel and said winding rotation of the service reel are generated by a service motorisation operatively associated with the service reel while a dispensing motorisation operatively associated with the dispensing reel operates as control brake.

The Applicant deems that the double motorisation and the relative management of the pairs allows a high control of the tensions in particular of the service tape.

Preferably accumulating said service tape comprises directing said service tape along a drawing-in path which partially surrounds said dispensing reel.

Preferably each operating unit is configured so as to define a separation point between the semi-finished product and the service tape.

Preferably provision is made for a plurality of deflections defining a drawing-in path of the service tape arranged between a separation point between the semi-finished product and the service tape and the service reel.

Preferably said drawing-in path partially surrounds said dispensing reel.

The Applicant deems that the arrangement of the reels and of the path followed by the service tape allows an improved distribution and use of the spaces with reduction of the overall dimensions and of the inertia following the rotation of the carousel.

Preferably said drawing-in path circumferentially surrounds at least one portion of said dispensing reel.

Preferably said plurality of deflections is arranged such that said drawing-in path circumferentially surrounds at least one portion of said dispensing reel.

Preferably said drawing-in path surrounds said dispensing reel on the lower part and laterally.

Preferably said plurality of deflections is arranged such that said drawing-in path surrounds said dispensing reel on the lower part and laterally.

Preferably said plurality of deflections is arranged such that said drawing-in path surrounds said dispensing reel from circumferentially opposite side with respect to a loading/unloading sector of the dispensing reel.

The Applicant deems that using nearly all the space around the dispensing reel, except for the sector used for replacing the dispensing reel, allows optimising the spaces.

Preferably a driving segment is provided for, having a first free end and a second end stably associated with the service reel. Preferably said first free end is adapted to be connected to a first free end of the service tape in order to guide it along said drawing-in path.

Preferably accumulating the service tape separated from the semi-finished product comprises connecting a first free end of the service tape to a first free end of a driving segment having a second end stably associated with the service reel.

Preferably accumulating the service tape separated from the semi-finished product comprises winding, on the service reel, said driving segment and, then, said service tape.

Preferably said first end of the service tape is guided along said drawing-in path by said driving segment.

The Applicant deems that the use of a driving segment simplifies the manual operations and increases the safety of the operator. In addition, the connection between the service tape and the driving segment is reliable and intuitive, being arranged at the ends of two tapes. Finally, the presence of a driving segment frees the structural/geometric arrangement of the carousel from having to make the service reel accessible, which can thus be arranged in the optimal position for an improved compactness and for limiting the rotation inertia.

Preferably accumulating said service tape comprises directing said service tape along a drawing-in path at least partially contrary to a feeding path of the semi-finished product. Preferably said plurality of deflections is arranged such that said drawing-in path is at least partially contrary to a feeding path of the semi-finished product.

The Applicant deems that by reversing the path of the service tape with respect to the path of the semi-finished product, it is possible to use the same sector of the operating unit both for the loading/unloading operations of the dispensing reel and for feeding the semi-finished product. In other words, the dispensing reel can be replaced from the same side of the carousel which, in the work station, faces the dispensing apparatus.

Preferably provision is made for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape while it is wound on the service reel. Preferably provision is made for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape while it is rewound on the dispensing reel.

Preferably said plurality of deflections comprises at least one transmission dancer associated with a tension sensor for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape separated from the semi-finished product.

The Applicant deems that such aspect allows maintaining the correct degree of tension, so as to not overly stress the service tape or leave it loose.

Preferably the transmission dancer is movable between an active position in which it operates as deflection and a passive position in which it allows the loading/unloading of the dispensing reel. Preferably provision is made for building a carcass structure in a first step building line and building a crown structure in a second step building line.

Preferably provision is made for feeding said semi-finished product in at least one forming station of said first step building line.

Preferably provision is made for applying said method for feeding a semi-finished product for building a component of a tyre according to the first aspect of the invention to the building of a component of a carcass portion, still more preferably of a self-sealing layer.

Preferably said forming station is configured for forming a component of a carcass portion, still more preferably a self-sealing layer.

Preferably said dispensing reel and said service reel have, in use, a respective maximum overall diameter.

Preferably the respective mounting axes are arranged such that the overall dimensions of the operating unit perpendicular to the axis is less than the sum of the maximum overall diameters of said service reel and of said dispensing reel.

The Applicant deems that such arrangement generates a use configuration that is compact and easy to move.

Preferably the respective mounting axes of the dispensing reel and of the service reel are aligned along the axis or slightly offset perpendicular to the axis.

Preferably said dispensing reel and said service reel have, in use, a respective maximum overall radius. Preferably a distance between the two mounting axes according to a direction perpendicular to the axis is less than each maximum overall radius.

Preferably said dispensing reel and said service reel have, in use, a respective maximum overall radius.

Preferably the respective mounting axes of the dispensing reel and of the service reel are arranged such that the projection of the distance between the two mounting axes on a plane containing the mounting axis of the service reel and perpendicular to the axis is smaller than each maximum overall radius.

Preferably said service reel and said dispensing reel have, in use, a respective maximum overall radius.

Preferably at least said maximum overall radius of the service reel corresponds to a maximum radius of the service tape wound on the service reel.

Preferably the distance between respective mounting axes of the service reel and of the dispensing reel is smaller than the sum of the respective maximum overall radii.

Preferably the segment corresponding to the distance between the respective mounting axes of the service reel and of the dispensing reel is tilted with respect to the axis by an angle comprised between <NUM>° and <NUM>°.

Preferably the respective mounting axes of said dispensing reel and of said service reel are arranged consecutively along a direction defined by said axis.

Preferably the mounting axis of the service reel is arranged above the mounting axis of the dispensing reel.

The Applicant deems that a vertical arrangement of the reels renders the carousel compact and hence easily adaptable to a plant with side-by-side stations.

Preferably said dispensing reel is removable from said carousel. Preferably said loading/unloading station has a track configured for allowing the rotation-translation of the dispensing reel being replaced perpendicular to the winding axis thereof.

Preferably at least the track is arranged at the level of an upper surface of the floor outside the feeding station.

Preferably provision is made for a base on which the carousel is mounted.

Preferably the base can be at least partially lowered with respect to an upper surface of a floor outside the feeding station.

Preferably the carousel comprises a base and a support framework.

Preferably the track comprises a fixed portion associated with a base and a movable portion associated with each operating unit and made in the base.

Preferably each operating unit has a loading/unloading sector through which the dispensing reel is replaced when the operating unit is situated in the loading/unloading station.

Preferably said loading/unloading sector corresponds, when the operating unit is arranged in the work station, to the sector through which the semi-finished product is fed and which is traversed by a feeding path of the semi-finished product. Preferably said forming station is a building station of a first step building line.

Further characteristics and advantages will be clearer from the detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a feeding station and a plant for building tyres for vehicle wheels where a method can be applied for feeding a semi-finished product for building a component of a tyre and a method for building tyres for vehicle wheels.

Such description will be set forth hereinbelow with reference to the enclosed drawings, provided only a non-limiting example, in which:.

With reference to the <FIG>, reference number <NUM> indicates tyre in accordance with one possible embodiment.

The tyre <NUM> comprises a carcass structure comprising a self-sealing layer <NUM> and one or more carcass plies, for example at least one first carcass ply 3a and a second carcass ply 3b. Preferably a layer of impermeable elastomeric material or so-called liner <NUM> is applied inside the carcass ply/plies. Two anchoring annular structures <NUM>, each comprising a so-called bead core 5a carrying an elastomeric filler 5b in radially outer position, are engaged with respective end flaps of the carcass ply/plies. The anchoring annular structures <NUM> are integrated in proximity to zones normally identified with the name beads "T", at which the engagement between the tyre <NUM> and a respective mounting rim takes place. A belt structure <NUM> comprising multiple belt layers (for example at least one first belt layer 6a and a second belt layer 6b) is circumferentially applied around the carcass ply/plies, and a tread band <NUM> is circumferentially superimposed on the belt structure <NUM>, overall forming a crown structure. So-called "under-belt inserts" <NUM> can be situated, each between the carcass ply/plies and one of the axially opposite terminal edges of the belt structure <NUM>. Two sidewalls <NUM>, each extended from the corresponding bead "T" to a corresponding lateral edge of the tread band <NUM>, are applied in laterally opposite positions on the carcass ply/plies.

Further non-illustrated elements can also be possibly provided for, for example belt layer at <NUM> degrees, under-liner, anti-abrasive inserts, reinforcements, etc..

With reference to <FIG>, reference number <NUM> overall indicates a feeding station configured for feeding a semi-finished product for forming a tyre component.

The feeding station <NUM> preferably has application in a plant <NUM> for building tyres for vehicle wheels, for example illustrated in <FIG>. As will be subsequently described, the plant <NUM> comprises a plurality of building stations <NUM> in which each building station is configured for carrying out a processing on a tyre being processed. For example, a forming station of the plurality of building stations <NUM> is a station in which a component of the tyre is formed. The feeding station <NUM> preferably has application in a forming station comprising a dispensing apparatus <NUM> configured for depositing a semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a drum in order to a component of the tyre.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the feeding station <NUM> is preferably delimited by a safety perimeter <NUM> attained for example by panels that are at least partially openable and/or lines of optical demarcation that are at least partially deactivatable.

The feeding station <NUM> has a work station 10a and a loading/unloading station 10b (<FIG>). Both stations define an area that is fixed with respect to an absolute reference system, in particular to the dispensing apparatus <NUM> associated with the feeding station <NUM> and illustrated by way of example in <FIG>.

A first access 11a, e.g. a first port of the safety perimeter <NUM>, allows the access to the work station 10a and a second access 11b, e.g. a second port of the safety perimeter <NUM>, allows the access to the loading/unloading station 10b.

The work station 10a is adapted to be placed in communication with the dispensing apparatus <NUM> associated with the feeding station <NUM> in order to allow feeding the semi-finished product "S". Preferably the safety perimeter <NUM> has at least one passage 11c, e.g. an opening of the safety perimeter <NUM>, in order to allow feeding the semi-finished product "S" from the feeding station <NUM> to the dispensing apparatus <NUM>.

The loading/unloading station 10b has at least one track <NUM> (<FIG>) that terminates at the second access 11b whose function will be described in the following present description. The feeding station <NUM> comprises a base <NUM> (<FIG>), on which a carousel <NUM> is mounted that is rotating around an axis <NUM> (<FIG>) arranged centrally between the work station 10a and the loading/unloading station 10b. With M, a primary motorisation (<FIG>) has been indicated, which is configured for rotating the carousel <NUM> around the axis <NUM>.

Preferably, as is for example illustrated in the enclosed figures, the axis <NUM> is vertical.

The base <NUM> can be at least partially lowered with respect to an upper surface "Y" of a floor outside the feeding station <NUM> (<FIG>, <FIG>). At least the track <NUM>, if present, is arranged preferably at the level of the upper surface "Y" of the floor outside the feeding station <NUM>.

Preferably the carousel <NUM> comprises a base <NUM> perpendicular to the axis <NUM> and mounted on the base <NUM> with interposition of bearings <NUM> or analogous means in order to allow the rotation of the base <NUM> and hence of the carousel <NUM> on the base <NUM>.

The carousel <NUM> is divided into two operating units 14a and 14b.

If the loading/unloading station 10b has the track <NUM>, the latter comprises a fixed portion 12a associated with the base <NUM> and a movable portion 12b associated with each operating unit 14a, 14b and made in the base <NUM> (<FIG>).

Preferably the carousel <NUM> comprises a support framework <NUM> mounted on the base <NUM> and extended perpendicular therefrom along the direction of the axis <NUM>, at the axis itself. The support framework <NUM> is for example made by two panels 18a which delimit at least one service space 18b (<FIG>) comprising the axis <NUM>.

The two operating units 14a and 14b are arranged on diametrically opposite sides with respect to the axis <NUM> such that, when an operating unit is arranged in the work station 10a, the other operating unit is arranged in the loading/unloading station 10b. In addition, the arrangement of the two operating units 14a and 14b is such that, following a <NUM>° rotation of the carousel <NUM> around the axis <NUM>, the positions of the two operating units 14a and 14b are reversed.

The support framework <NUM> is preferably shared between the two operating units 14a and 14b. For example, an operating unit 14a comprises one of the two panels 18a and the other operating unit 14b comprises the other panel 18a.

The two operating units 14a, 14b are substantially identical so that, when not otherwise specified, the following description will refer to any one between the two operating units 14a, 14b.

The operating unit comprises a dispensing reel <NUM> and a service reel <NUM> rotatable around respective mounting axes C1, C2 that are parallel to each other. Preferably the dispensing reel <NUM> and the service reel <NUM> are rotatable on the support framework <NUM> and in particular on the respective panel 18a.

Preferably the dispensing reel <NUM> and the service reel <NUM> comprise a respective cylindrical support 19a, 20a defining a winding axis of the reel itself, arranged coaxial with the respective mounting axis C1, C2. Possibly the cylindrical support 19a, 20a is provided with respective two lateral containment flanges 19b, 20b (<FIG>).

The dispensing reel <NUM> is adapted to receive a semi-finished product "S" and a service tape "N" wound around the winding axis thereof such that, in a radial sequence, a turn of service tape "N" is radially interposed between two consecutive turns of semi-finished product "S". <FIG> and <FIG> schematically show a "full" service reel <NUM>, i.e. comprising a length of semi-finished product "S", in which a final turn of the set comprising the service tape "N" (dashed line) and the semi-finished product "S" (solid line) has been illustrated in detail. In some cases, for example in the event in which the semi-finished product "S" is formed of self-sealing material for the formation of a self-sealing layer of the tyre, a further service tape "P" can be provided, e.g. a film, wound such that, in radial sequence, the following are repeated: a turn of service tape "N" (dashed line), a turn of semi-finished product "S" (solid line) and a turn of the further service tape "P" (thin solid line).

The semi-finished product "S" wound on a "full" dispensing reel <NUM> has a first free end S1 (<FIG>) from which the unwinding initiates and a second free end S2 (<FIG>) which is moved away from the dispensing reel <NUM> when the entire length of the semi-finished product "S" has been dispensed.

At the first free end S1 of the semi-finished product "S", also the service tape "N" and, if present, the further service tape "P" have a respective first free end N1, P1. Preferably the service tape "N" has a second end N2 integral with the dispensing reel <NUM>, e.g. with the cylindrical support 19a (<FIG>). In addition, the length of service tape "N" wound on the dispensing reel <NUM> is preferably greater than the length of semi-finished product "S". Preferably the further service tape "P" has a second free end (not illustrated) which is moved away from the dispensing reel <NUM> at the end of the dispensing of the semi-finished product "S". The service reel <NUM> is adapted to receive the service tape "N" wound in turns around the winding axis thereof starting from the free end N1 (<FIG>) which is made integral with the service reel <NUM> (<FIG>).

Preferably the service reel <NUM> remains stably associated with the carousel <NUM>. In other words, the service reel <NUM> is not replaced in the normal operation of the feeding station <NUM> so that its winding axis stably coincides with the mounting axis C2.

The dispensing reel <NUM> is removable from the carousel <NUM> so that it does not remain stably associated with the carousel <NUM>. In other words, a "full" dispensing reel <NUM> is mounted on the carousel <NUM> with winding axis coinciding with the mounting axis C1. In addition, an "empty" dispensing reel <NUM>, i.e. from which the entire length of the semi-finished product "S" has been dispensed, is moved away from the carousel <NUM> in order to be replaced with a "full" dispensing reel <NUM>.

The second access 11b allows the access to the loading/unloading station 10b in order to remove an "empty" dispensing reel <NUM> and replace it with a "full" dispensing reel <NUM>. In the loading/unloading operation, the dispensing reel <NUM> is moved perpendicular to the winding axis C1 thereof, i.e. according to a radial direction with respect to the dispensing reel itself. Preferably, in the loading/unloading operation, the dispensing reel <NUM> being replaced rotates-translates on the lateral containment flanges 19b along the track <NUM>. Preferably the operating unit comprises a thrust member 12a, e.g. a cylinder (<FIG>) positionable and actuatable so as to push an "empty" dispensing reel <NUM> towards the second access 11b. Preferably the loading/unloading of the dispensing reel <NUM> occurs at a loading/unloading sector CS (<FIG>) of the operating unit which, when the operating unit is situated in the loading/unloading station 10b, is directed on the side opposite the dispensing apparatus <NUM> and which, when the operating unit is situated in the work station 10a, is directed towards the dispensing apparatus <NUM>. In other words, the loading/unloading sector CS of the operating unit corresponds, when the operating unit is arranged in the work station 10a, to the sector through which the semi-finished product "S" is fed and which is traversed by a feeding path "A" of the semi-finished product "S" separated from the service tape "N" directed to the dispensing apparatus <NUM>.

In use, the dispensing reel <NUM> and the service reel <NUM> have a respective maximum overall radius R1, R2 (<FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>) which corresponds to the largest from among the radius of the respective lateral containment flanges 19b, 20b and the outer or maximum radius when the reel is "full". In other words, the maximum overall radius corresponds to the radius of the lateral containment flanges if they are present and if, in the course of the operation of the feeding station <NUM>, the content of the reel is not enlarged beyond the flanges themselves.

Respective maximum overall diameters, not indicated, correspond to the double of each maximum overall radius R1, R2.

Illustrated in <FIG> is the maximum overall radius R1 of the dispensing reel <NUM> which, in this case, corresponds to the radius of the lateral containment flanges 19b. The maximum overall radius R2 of the service reel <NUM> is illustrated in <FIG> with reference to the radius of the lateral containment flanges 20b and in <FIG> with reference to the maximum radius of the "full" service reel <NUM> i.e. with reference to the maximum radius of the service tape "N" wound on the service reel which is greater than the radius of the lateral containment flanges 20b.

Preferably the respective mounting axes C1, C2 of the dispensing reel <NUM> and of the service reel <NUM> are arranged in the operating unit consecutively along a direction defined by the axis <NUM> so that, if the axis <NUM> is vertical, the service reel <NUM> and the dispensing reel <NUM> are arranged consecutively along a vertical direction.

Preferably, in the event in which the axis <NUM> is vertical, the service reel <NUM> is arranged above the dispensing reel <NUM>. In other words, the mounting axis C2 of the service reel <NUM> is arranged above the mounting axis C1 of the dispensing reel <NUM>. Preferably the respective mounting axes C1, C2 of the dispensing reel <NUM> and of the service reel <NUM> are arranged such that the overall dimensions of the respective operating unit, perpendicular to the axis <NUM>, is less than the sum of the respective maximum overall diameters. In other words, the dispensing reel <NUM> and the service reel <NUM> are arranged in the operating unit with the respective mounting axes C1, C2 aligned along the axis <NUM> or slightly offset perpendicular to the axis <NUM>, as is for example illustrated in the enclosed figures. The distance D1 (<FIG>) between the two mounting axes C1, C2 measured according to a direction perpendicular to the axis <NUM> is less than each maximum overall radius R1, R2. In other words, the respective mounting axes C1, C2 of the dispensing reel <NUM> and of the service reel <NUM> are arranged in the operating unit such that the projection of the distance D2 between the respective mounting axes C1, C2 on a plane containing the mounting axis C2 of the service reel <NUM> and perpendicular to the axis <NUM> is smaller than each maximum overall radius R1, R2.

Preferably the segment corresponding to the distance D2 between the respective mounting axes C1, C2 of the dispensing reel <NUM> and of the service reel <NUM> is tilted with respect to the axis <NUM> by an angle β (<FIG>) comprised between <NUM>° and <NUM>°, more preferably between <NUM>° and <NUM>°, e.g. <NUM>°.

Preferably the distance D2 between the respective mounting axes C1, C2 of the dispensing reel <NUM> and of the service reel <NUM> is smaller than the sum of the respective maximum overall radii R1, R2, in particular when at least the maximum overall radius R2 of the service reel <NUM> is given by the maximum radius of the service tape "N" wound on the service reel <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>, so that the service tape "N" wound on the service reel "full" penetrates the lateral containment flanges 19b of the dispensing reel <NUM> or, more generally, penetrates the space initially occupied by the "full" dispensing reel <NUM>.

Reference number <NUM> indicates a dispensing motorisation operatively associated with the dispensing reel <NUM>, preferably comprising a brushless motor, and <NUM> indicates a service motorisation operatively associated with the service reel <NUM>, preferably comprising a brushless motor. The dispensing motorisation <NUM> and the service motorisation <NUM> are configured for rotating respectively the dispensing reel <NUM> and the service reel <NUM> around the mounting axis C1, C2 thereof.

The position of the dispensing motorisation <NUM> is preferably adjustable along the direction of the mounting axis C1 in the two senses X1 and X2 (<FIG>) in order to allow the substitution of the dispensing reel <NUM>.

The service motorisation <NUM> is preferably arranged in the service space 18b.

Based on the operating moment and on the use mode of the dispensing motorisation <NUM> and/or of the service motorisation <NUM>, the semi-finished product "S", the service tape "N" and possibly the further service tape "P" follow respective paths in the operating unit.

In particular, each operating unit is configured such to define a separation point "Z" between the semi-finished product "S", the service tape "N" and possibly the further service tape "P", if present. Starting from the separation point "Z", the semi-finished product "S" separated from the service tape "N" is directed to the dispensing apparatus <NUM> along the feeding path "A" until the semi-finished product itself is exhausted and the service tape "N" separated from the semi-finished product "S" follows a drawing-in path "I" arranged between the separation point "Z" and the service reel <NUM>.

Preferably the separation point "Z" is defined by a primary transmission roller <NUM> with which a tensioner element <NUM> is possibly associated, e.g. a dancer, maintained in position tangent to the primary transmission roller <NUM>. The primary transmission roller <NUM> and the tensioner element <NUM> are preferably projectingly mounted on the support framework <NUM>, in particular on the respective panel 18a.

In the event in which the further service tape "P" is present, each operating unit comprises a collection roller <NUM> mounted rotating on the carousel <NUM>, preferably projectingly on the support framework <NUM>, in particular on the respective panel 18a. In this case, starting from the separation point "Z", the further service tape "P" is directed towards the collection roller <NUM>. Preferably the drawing-in path "I" of the service tape "N" is defined by deflections, e.g. attained by means of one or more secondary transmission rollers 26a (in the illustrated example, two secondary transmission rollers 26a are provided for) and possibly a transmission dancer 26b. Preferably the transmission dancer 26b is configured for carrying out further functions in addition to that of transmission. For example, the transmission dancer 26b is associated with a tension sensor 26c (<FIG>) for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape "N". In the event in which it is arranged along the loading/unloading path of the dispensing reel <NUM> (e.g. along the track <NUM>), the transmission dancer 26b can also be movable between an active position (<FIG>) in which it operates as transmission and a passive position (<FIG>) in which it allows the loading/unloading of the dispensing reel <NUM>.

Preferably, the drawing-in path "I" and hence the deflections circumferentially surround at least one portion of the dispensing reel <NUM>.

Preferably the drawing-in path "I" at least partially surrounds the dispensing reel <NUM>, e.g. below and laterally with respect thereto. In other words, the deflections are arranged partially around the dispensing reel <NUM>, preferably below and laterally with respect thereto.

Preferably the deflections surround the dispensing reel <NUM> on circumferentially opposite side with respect to the loading/unloading sector CS.

Preferably, the drawing-in path "I" is at least partially contrary to the feeding path "A" of the semi-finished product "S". In particular, at least one of the deflections, for example the transmission dancer 26b, defines a point of reversal of the drawing-in path "I" with respect to the feeding path "A" (<FIG>).

Preferably, the operating unit comprises a driving segment <NUM> (in fine hatching in <FIG>, <FIG>) in order to guide the first end N1 of the service tape "N" along the drawing-in path "I". The driving segment <NUM> has a first free end 27a and a second end 27b stably associated with the service reel <NUM>. The first end 27a is adapted to be connected to the first free end N1 of the service tape "N" in order to guide it along the drawing-in path "I".

The driving segment <NUM>, at least in a static condition of the respective operating unit, is arranged around the deflections and hence at least partially defines the drawing-in path "I". Hereinbelow, the plant <NUM> (<FIG>) will be described which, as described above, comprises a plurality of building stations <NUM>. Preferably the plant <NUM>, as is for example illustrated in <FIG>, comprises a first step building line <NUM> configured for building carcass structures, a second step building line <NUM> configured for building crown structures and an assembly station <NUM> at which a crown structure is coupled to the carcass structure in order to form a tyre <NUM> which is finally transferred to a moulding and vulcanisation unit (not illustrated).

The plant <NUM> also comprises a plurality of drums, in which each drum is movable between at least several of the building stations <NUM> and constitutes a forming support for a tyre being processed. With reference to a plant <NUM> made according to the example of <FIG>, the plurality of drums comprises forming drums <NUM> associated with the first step building line <NUM> and movable between the building stations <NUM> of the first step building line <NUM>, supporting a carcass structure being processed. In addition, the plurality of drums comprises auxiliary drums <NUM> associated with the second step building line <NUM> and movable between the building stations <NUM> of the second step building line <NUM>, supporting a crown structure being processed. The plurality of building stations <NUM> comprises at least one forming station configured for forming the respective component of the tyre by means of deposition of the semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a drum of the plurality of drums. Such forming station comprises the dispensing apparatus <NUM>.

The first step building line <NUM> is configured for building, on each forming drum <NUM>, a carcass structure comprising at least one carcass ply (preferably the first carcass ply 3a and the second carcass ply 3b) and the anchoring annular structures <NUM>. Preferably, as illustrated for example in <FIG>, the first step building line <NUM> is configured for building, on each forming drum <NUM>, a carcass structure comprising the self-sealing layer <NUM>, the first carcass ply 3a, the second carcass ply 3b, the liner <NUM> and the anchoring annular structures <NUM>. Possibly the first step building line <NUM> can be configured for building carcass structures also comprising other components, e.g. complex (comprising liners, under-liners and anti-abrasive inserts), under-liners, anti-abrasive inserts, under-belt inserts, reinforcements, at least one portion of the sidewalls <NUM> or the sidewalls <NUM> themselves.

Preferably each component among those listed above (self-sealing layer, carcass ply/plies, anchoring annular structures, liner, under-liner, anti-abrasive insert, under-belt inserts, reinforcements, sidewalls or a portion thereof) is formed in a respective forming station of the first step building line <NUM>.

In the example of <FIG>, the first step building line <NUM> comprises six building stations <NUM> respectively:.

The plant <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> is therefore set for building the carcass structure of the tyre <NUM> illustrated in <FIG>.

At least one forming station of the first step building line <NUM> is configured for depositing a respective semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a forming drum <NUM> in order to form the respective component of the tyre. The feeding station <NUM> is associable with any one of these forming stations of the first step building line <NUM>, preferably with the forming station <NUM> configured for forming the self-sealing layer <NUM>.

The second step building line <NUM> is configured for building, on each auxiliary drum <NUM>, a crown structure or outer sleeve comprising the belt structure <NUM>, the tread band <NUM> and possibly further components such as under-belt inserts <NUM>, reinforcements, at least one portion of the sidewalls <NUM> or the sidewalls <NUM> themselves, if not already provided for in the building of the carcass structure. By way of example, with reference to the plant illustrated in <FIG>, the second step building line <NUM> comprises four building stations <NUM>, respectively:.

At least one forming station of the second step building line <NUM> can be configured for depositing a respective semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to an auxiliary drum <NUM> in order to form the respective component of the tyre. The feeding station <NUM> is associable with any one of these forming stations of the second step building line <NUM>.

Preferably, the first step building line <NUM> comprises a primary building line 102a and a completion building line 102b.

The primary building line 102a is configured for building a carcass portion comprising at least one carcass ply (preferably the first carcass ply 3a and the second carcass ply 3b). In other words, the primary building line 102a comprises at least the forming station <NUM>, preferably also the forming station <NUM>. Still more preferably the primary building line 102a is configured for building a carcass portion further comprising one or more from among self-sealing layer, complex, liner, under-liner, anti-abrasive inserts, under-belt inserts, reinforcements, sidewalls or a portion thereof and comprises the corresponding forming stations. In the example of <FIG>, the primary building line 102a comprises four building stations <NUM>, respectively:.

At least one forming station of the primary building line 102a, preferably all the forming stations of the primary building line 102a, is configured for depositing a respective semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a forming drum <NUM> in order to form the respective component of the tyre. The feeding station <NUM> is associable with any one of these forming stations of the primary building line 102a, preferably with the forming station <NUM> configured for forming the self-sealing layer <NUM>.

The completion building line 102b is configured for completing the building of the carcass structure, for example by applying the anchoring annular structures <NUM> to the carcass portion and forming the beads "T". In the example of <FIG>, the completion building line 102b comprises two building stations <NUM> respectively:.

A shuttle <NUM> is movable along the deposition line "L", moved by a suitable motor in both travel senses L1, L2. Preferably the shuttle <NUM> is mounted on the guide <NUM> defining the deposition line and is movable therealong in both travel senses L1, L2.

The shuttle <NUM> is capable of supporting one forming drum <NUM> at a time and rotating it around a rotation axis "X" coinciding with the longitudinal symmetry axis of the drum itself and with the rotation axis of the tyre <NUM> being processed. In the illustrated embodiment, the forming drum <NUM> is projectingly carried by the shuttle <NUM>, which comprises a grip element capable of retaining or releasing a terminal end of a central shaft of the forming drum <NUM>.

The building stations <NUM> of the primary building line 102a are arranged along the deposition line "L" and preferably, according to that illustrated in <FIG>, on only one side of the same. In addition, the building stations <NUM> of the primary building line 102a can be arranged along the deposition line "L" according to an order different from that of building.

<FIG> illustrate a possible embodiment of a forming station configured for forming the respective component of the tyre by means of deposition of a semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a drum of the plurality of drums. In the case illustrated in <FIG> and in the following description, reference is made to the forming station <NUM> configured for forming the self-sealing layer <NUM>, but the described characteristics are applicable to any forming station of the plant <NUM>, with reference to the respective component and to a forming drum <NUM> in the case of a forming station of the first step building line <NUM> or to an auxiliary drum <NUM> in the case of a forming station of the second step building line <NUM>.

The forming station <NUM> comprises the dispensing apparatus <NUM> with which the feeding station <NUM> is operatively associated. The dispensing apparatus <NUM> is configured for depositing the semi-finished product "S" on a surface radially external to a forming drum <NUM> in order to form the self-sealing layer <NUM> of the tyre. The dispensing apparatus <NUM> comprises a frame <NUM> on which a first conveyor belt <NUM> is positioned which has a horizontal first upper transport surface 202a. Such upper transport surface 202a is advanced along a feeding direction "F". Downstream of the conveyor belt <NUM>, with respect to the abovementioned feeding direction "F", a second conveyor belt <NUM> is consecutively arranged which has a second upper transport surface 203a tilted downward starting from the first conveyor belt <NUM>. Such second upper transport surface 203a is advanced along the feeding direction "F". The first upper transport surface 202a and the second upper transport surface 203a define an overall transport surface for a semi-finished product "S" coming from the feeding station <NUM> and which is extended starting from a rear portion of the dispensing apparatus <NUM> and terminates at the guide <NUM> in the case of the first step building line <NUM>. In a plan view (<FIG>), the feeding direction "F" is perpendicular to the abovementioned guide <NUM>.

The semi-finished product "S" is unwound from the dispensing reel <NUM> and separated from the service tape "N". The service tape "N" is wound on the service reel <NUM> and the further service tape "P" if present, is wound on the collection roller <NUM>. The semi-finished product "S" forms a festoon and then is guided and directed from bottom to top up to the upper transport surface 202a.

Above the conveyor belts <NUM>, <NUM>, a cutting device <NUM> is preferably positioned for cutting to size the semi-finished product "S" fed onto the transport surface. The cutting device <NUM> schematically illustrated in <FIG> is placed between the first and the second conveyor belt <NUM>, <NUM>.

A terminal end <NUM> of the second conveyor belt <NUM> is positioned close to the guide <NUM> such that the shuttle <NUM> and the forming drum <NUM> carried thereby can be arranged above a terminal end of the overall transport surface. The shuttle <NUM>, being moved along the guide <NUM>, is capable of carrying the forming drum <NUM> above each of the overall transport surfaces of each dispensing station <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and to stop it in that position.

In an alternative embodiment illustrated in <FIG>, the terminal end <NUM> of the second conveyor belt <NUM> is arranged above the forming drum <NUM>, for example for the deposition of the self-sealing layer.

The shuttle <NUM> also comprises movement devices, not illustrated, adapted to vertically move in two senses V1, V2, along a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal extension of the guide <NUM>, the grip element and the forming drum <NUM> constrained thereto or alternatively the second conveyor belt <NUM> and hence its terminal end <NUM>. The forming drum <NUM> is therefore movable between a first approach position of a radially external surface thereof to the overall transport surface and a second position moved away from the overall transport surface or alternatively the second conveyor belt <NUM> is movable between a first approach position of the terminal end <NUM> thereof to the radially outer surface of the forming drum <NUM> and a second position moved away from aforesaid radially outer surface of the forming drum <NUM>.

The feeding direction "F" of the semi-finished product "S" is perpendicular to a plane containing the rotation axis "X" in the winding point on the forming drum <NUM>.

At one of the terminal ends of the guide <NUM>, a loading and unloading station is situated where, due to suitable non-illustrated devices, each forming drum <NUM> can be loaded on the shuttle <NUM> or unloaded from the same.

In the feeding station <NUM>, a method is implemented for feeding a semi-finished product for building a component of a tyre, and overall in the plant <NUM>, a method is implemented for building tyres for vehicle wheels.

"U" indicates a control unit of the feeding station <NUM> and/or of the plant <NUM> programmed for carrying out at least several actions of the aforesaid methods.

With reference to the feeding station <NUM>, provision is made for carrying out a feeding procedure in the operating unit located in the work station 10a and a loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station 10b. The control unit "U" is operatively connected at least to the dispensing motorisation <NUM> and to the service motorisation <NUM> in order to carry out the feeding procedure and the loading/unloading procedure.

Considering as initial situation that illustrated in <FIG>, the operating unit indicated with reference number 14a is arranged in the work station 10a and comprises a "full" dispensing reel <NUM> while the operating unit indicated with the reference number 14b is arranged in the loading/unloading station 10b with the respective dispensing reel <NUM> being replaced (in <FIG>, an "empty" dispensing reel <NUM> is illustrated which is unloaded from the operating unit 14b and in <FIG> a "full" dispensing reel <NUM> is generically illustrated that is loaded in the respective operating unit).

Hereinbelow, the feeding procedure and the loading/unloading procedure will be described with reference to a full operation condition, i.e. when a feeding procedure and a loading/unloading procedure were previously carried out on the operating units with positions reversed.

The feeding procedure in the operating unit 14a arranged in the work station 10a provides for:.

The unwinding of the semi-finished product "S" and of the service tape "N" from the dispensing reel <NUM> provides for imposing, on the dispensing reel <NUM>, a dispensing rotation Ω1 around the mounting axis C1 thereof. In addition, the accumulation of the service tape "N" on the service reel <NUM> provides for imposing, on the service reel <NUM>, a winding rotation K1 around the mounting axis C2 thereof (<FIG> and <FIG>). Preferably the dispensing rotation Ω1 and the winding rotation K1 are generated by the service motorisation <NUM> which, by rotating the service reel <NUM>, drives the dispensing reel <NUM>. Still more preferably the dispensing rotation Ω1 and the winding rotation K1 are generated by the service motorisation <NUM> while the dispensing motorisation <NUM> operates as control brake. During the accumulation of the service tape "N" on the service reel <NUM>, i.e. during the winding rotation K1, is preferably provided for monitoring the length of service tape "N" accumulated on the service reel <NUM> and, at the end of the winding rotation K1, recording an overall length of service tape "N" accumulated. The monitoring of the length of service tape "N" is preferably carried out by means of encoder of the service motorisation <NUM> and/or of the dispensing motorisation <NUM>.

The control unit "U" is operatively connected to the dispensing motorisation <NUM> and to the service motorisation <NUM> and is programmed for actuating them according to that described above.

In order to accumulate the service tape "N" separated from the semi-finished product, provision is preferably made for connecting the first free end N1 of the service tape to the first free end 27a of the driving segment <NUM> and winding on the service reel <NUM> the driving segment <NUM> and, then, the service tape "N". In order to facilitate such operation, it is preferably provided to be able to access the work station 10a by means of the first access 11a.

The loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit 14b arranged in the loading/unloading station 10b provides for.

At the end of the feeding procedure, provision is preferably made for rewinding, on the dispensing reel <NUM>, the service tape "N" accumulated on the service reel <NUM> (<FIG>). Therefore, in this case the loading/unloading procedure provides for unloading, from the operating unit 14b, the dispensing reel <NUM> around which the service tape "N" was rewound that was separated from the semi-finished product in a preceding feeding procedure (<FIG>).

Preferably the rewinding occurs at least partially while the carousel <NUM> rotates in order to reverse the positions of the operating units and/or at least partially in the loading/unloading station 10b and/or at least partially in the work station 10a.

The rewinding on the dispensing reel <NUM> of the accumulated service tape "N" provides for imposing, on the dispensing reel <NUM>, a rewinding rotation Ω2 contrary to the dispensing rotation Ω1 and imposing, on the service reel, an unwinding rotation K2 contrary to the winding rotation K1 (<FIG>).

Preferably the rewinding rotation Ω2 and the unwinding rotation K2 are generated by the dispensing motorisation <NUM> which, by rotating the dispensing reel <NUM>, drives the service reel <NUM>. Still more preferably the rewinding rotation Ω2 and the unwinding rotation K2 are generated by the dispensing motorisation <NUM> while the service motorisation <NUM> operates as control brake. During the rewinding of the service tape N on the dispensing reel <NUM>, i.e. during the rewinding rotation Ω2, provision is preferably made for monitoring the length of service tape N rewound on the dispensing reel <NUM> and, upon reaching the overall length of service tape recorded during the winding rotation K1 on the dispensing reel, stopping the rewinding rotation Ω2. The monitoring of the length is preferably carried out by means of encoder of the service motorisation <NUM> and/or of the dispensing motorisation <NUM>.

Preferably, the unwinding rotation K2 of the service reel <NUM> is contrary to the rewinding rotation Ω2 of the dispensing reel <NUM>. Preferably, the winding rotation K1 of the service reel <NUM> is contrary to the dispensing rotation Ω1 of the dispensing reel <NUM>. Preferably provision is made for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape "N" while it is wound on the service reel <NUM> or rewound on the dispensing reel <NUM>, for example by means of the transmission dancer 26b associated with the tension sensor 26c and with the control unit "U" (<FIG>) suitably programmed for monitoring and controlling the tension of the service tape "N" by acting on the angular position of the transmission dancer 26b.

At the end of each feeding and loading/unloading procedure, provision is made for rotating the carousel <NUM> around the axis <NUM> so as to reverse the position of the two operating units 14a, 14b and provision is made for repeating the feeding procedure in the operating unit located in the work station 10a and the loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit located in the loading/unloading station 10b. According to the above-illustrated example, at the end of the feeding procedure carried out on the operating unit 14a arranged in the work station 10a and at the end of the loading/unloading procedure carried out on the operating unit 14b arranged in the loading/unloading station 10b as illustrated in <FIG>, the carousel <NUM> rotates <NUM>° around the axis <NUM> in order to repeat the feeding procedure in the operating unit 14b which comes to be situated in the work station 10a and the loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit 14a which comes to be situated in the loading/unloading station 10b.

The control unit "U", programmed for such purpose, is operatively connected to the first motorisation "M" in order to impose a rotation on the carousel <NUM> around the axis <NUM>, preferably a <NUM>° rotation.

<FIG> illustrate in any one operating unit the feeding procedure (<FIG> and <FIG>), the rewinding of the service tape "N" (<FIG>) and the loading/unloading procedure (<FIG> and <FIG>).

<FIG> referring to a same operating unit, this is a sequence of actions in which the rotation of the carousel is inserted before/during/after the rewinding of the service tape "N" illustrated in <FIG>.

Claim 1:
Method for feeding a semi-finished product (S) for building a component of a tyre (<NUM>) comprising:
- arranging a carousel (<NUM>) rotating around an axis (<NUM>) arranged centrally between a work station (10a) and a loading/unloading station (10b), wherein said carousel (<NUM>) is divided into two operating units (14a, 14b) so that while one operating unit is arranged in the work station (10a) the other operating unit is arranged in the loading/unloading station (10b), each operating unit (14a, 14b) comprising a dispensing reel (<NUM>) and a service reel (<NUM>) rotatable around respective mounting axes (C1, C2),
- carrying out, at least partially simultaneously, a feeding procedure in the operating unit (14a) located in the work station (10a) and a loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit (14b) located in the loading/unloading station (10b),
- at the end of each feeding and loading/unloading procedure, rotating said carousel (<NUM>) around said axis (<NUM>) so as to reverse the position of said two operating units (14a, 14b) and, at the end of the rotation, repeating the feeding procedure in the operating unit (14b) located in the work station (10a) and the loading/unloading procedure in the operating unit (14a) located in the loading/unloading station (10b).