Patent Description:
Conventionally, there is known a technique for preventing step-out of a generator due to occurrence of a transient event in a power system or a valve control technique when the rotational speed of a turbine increases due to the occurrence of the transient event in the power system. <CIT> discloses a system having a generator connected to a turbine and providing an electric power to a local electricity network. A controller maintains a switch in a branch-opened position during a transitional phase in which the controller controls a heat source to increase electric power availability at an output of the generator when the controller supplies power to a branch of the local electricity network. The controller controls closing of the switch in order to trigger a power supply according to information characteristic of the electric power available at the generator output. <CIT> discloses a combined control method of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) plant, wherein the plant comprises at least a feed pump, a heat exchanger, an expansion turbine and a condenser; the heat exchanger and the turbine being in fluid dynamic connection by means of at least one admission line which is provided with an admission valve; and the heat exchanger and the condenser being in fluid connection by means of at least one by-pass line which is provided with a by-pass valve. The Organic Rankine Cycle includes a step of feeding an organic working fluid, a step of heating and / or vaporization of the same working fluid, an expansion phase and a step of condensation of the same working fluid. The discloses method regulates the power supplied from plant determining an opening degree of the admission valve as a function of a set point value of the required power and determining an opening degree of the by-pass valve as a function of the opening degree of the admission valve, so that the total flow rate of the organic working fluid remains substantially constant during changing of the power supply output. <CIT> discloses a control device for a turbine, and more particularly, to a rotational speed control device for enabling a re-generation in a short time. In many power plants, automation and labor saving have been performed. One of them is a turbine automatic starting device, which performs load control up to a rated load up to a rated load by the increase of the turbine speed, the synchronization, the load control by the main steam stop valve bypass valve (hereinafter, simply referred to as a bypass valve), the switching of the valve from the bypass valve to the valve, and the load control by the valve. <CIT> discloses a nuclear power plant adjustable to meet the requirement for maintaining the output of a nuclear reactor constant even if the pressure of steam from a nuclear reactor pressure vessel varies up and down from a rated pressure by reducing an energy loss by utilizing a steam increasing / decreasing valve with less pressure loss. In the nuclear power plant, a pressure header, a main steam stop valve, and the steam increasing / decreasing valve are interposed in a main steam pipe connecting the nuclear reactor pressure vessel to a steam turbine, and the flow of the steam from the nuclear reactor pressure vessel is fed to the steam turbine after being controlled by the steam increasing / decreasing valve. A power is generated in the steam turbine, turbine exhaust gases are condensed in a condenser and returned to the nuclear reactor pressure vessel. Then, the pressure header is connected to the condenser through a turbine bypass pipe for escaping the steam from the nuclear reactor pressure vessel to the condenser. The nuclear power plant also comprises a steam pressure regulating device having an input side connected to the main steam pipe between the downstream side of the pressure header and the upstream side of the steam increasing / decreasing valve and regulating the pressure of the steam from the nuclear reactor pressure vessel.

When the transient event in the power system occurs, the steam governing valve is controlled on the basis of increase or vibration of the turbine rotation speed and thereby this steam governing valve operates in the closing direction, and consequently, the pressure of steam flowing into the steam turbine drops sharply. Additionally, a bypass valve for allowing the steam to flow to a condenser may be opened during the transient event in the power system. Thus, there is a problem that the output of active power cannot be maintained after restoration of the power system from the transient event.

In view of the above-described problem, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a control technology for a steam governing valve of a power plant capable of maintaining an output of active power after restoration of the power system from the transient event.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a control system for a steam governing valve of a power generation plant, the control system comprising:.

Hereinbelow, embodiments will be described by referring to the accompanying drawings. First, a description will be given of a control system for steam governing valves of a power generation plant according to the first embodiment by referring to <FIG>. The reference sign <NUM> in <FIG> indicates the power generation plant <NUM>.

First, a system configuration related to a turbine control system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant will be described as one aspect of the power generation plant <NUM> by referring to <FIG>. The reference sign <NUM> denotes a steam generator. In the pressurized water reactor, the steam generator <NUM> generates steam by heat exchange with the primary coolant introduced from the reactor vessel. In a thermal power plant, the heat source of the steam generator <NUM> is replaced with a boiler or an exhaust heat recovery boiler. In a boiling water nuclear plant described below, the steam generator <NUM> is a reactor pressure vessel. Other system configurations are the same.

The steam generated by the steam generator <NUM> is led to a high-pressure turbine <NUM> as a steam turbine. The steam discharged from the high-pressure turbine <NUM> flows into a low-pressure turbine <NUM> via moisture separation heaters <NUM>. The high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the low-pressure turbine <NUM> are rotated, and the rotational force of them causes a generator <NUM> to generate electricity.

The steam generated by the steam generator <NUM> is inputted to the high-pressure turbine <NUM>. The thermal energy of this steam is converted into kinetic energy, and thereby the generator <NUM> is driven. On the input side of the high-pressure turbine <NUM>, steam governing valves <NUM> for adjusting the amount of steam flowing into the turbine <NUM> are provided. The steam governing valves <NUM> control the inflow amount of steam to be inputted into the high-pressure turbine <NUM>. Although two steam governing valves <NUM> are provided in the configuration shown in <FIG>, the number of the steam governing valves <NUM> is not limited to specific number.

Each moisture separation heater <NUM> is a device that removes the moisture content of the steam exhausted from the high-pressure turbine <NUM>, heats it, and inputs it to the low-pressure turbine <NUM>. Each moisture separation heater <NUM> may be a device that only separates moisture or a device that only heats steam.

The steam to be outputted from the moisture separation heaters <NUM> is inputted to the low-pressure turbine <NUM>. The thermal energy of this steam is converted into kinetic energy, and thereby the generator <NUM> is driven. The low-pressure turbine <NUM> outputs low-pressure turbine exhaust. On the input side of the low-pressure turbine <NUM>, intercept valves <NUM> are provided. The intercept valves <NUM> regulate the flow rate of the steam to be exhausted from the moisture separation heaters <NUM>. The intercept valves <NUM> control the inflow amount of the steam to be inputted into the low-pressure turbine <NUM>. Although two intercept valves <NUM> are provided in the configuration shown in <FIG>, the number of the intercept valves <NUM> is not limited to specific number.

The generator <NUM> converts the kinetic energy of the turbine to be generated by the high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the low-pressure turbine <NUM> into electric energy.

The low-pressure turbine exhaust outputted from the low-pressure turbine <NUM> is condensed by the condenser <NUM>, and then is returned to the steam generator <NUM> via a condenser pump <NUM> and a condensate pump <NUM>.

The power generation plant <NUM> includes a bypass valve <NUM> that allows excessive steam to flow directly into the condenser <NUM> when the amount of the steam generated by the steam generator <NUM> becomes larger than the amount of the steam flowing into the turbine. The bypass valve <NUM> controls the amount of excessive steam to be inputted from the steam generator <NUM> into the condenser <NUM>. Although one bypass valve <NUM> is provided in the configuration shown in <FIG>, the number of the bypass valves <NUM> is not limited to specific number.

The control system <NUM> of the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> includes a normal control circuit <NUM> and an early valve actuating control circuit <NUM>. Although details of the normal control circuit <NUM> and the early valve actuating control circuit <NUM> will be described below, the outline is as follows.

The control system <NUM> is connected to the central control system <NUM> installed in the central control room <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM>. The central control system <NUM> includes: an operation unit <NUM> that can be operated by an operator of the power generation plant <NUM>; and a display <NUM> that displays information related to an operation, monitoring, and management of the power generation plant <NUM>. Although the central control system <NUM> and the control system <NUM> are illustrated as separately in <FIG> to facilitate understanding, both may be integrated.

The power generation plant <NUM> is provided with a turbine-rotation-speed detector <NUM> that detects the rotation speed of each of the high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the low-pressure turbine <NUM>. The turbine rotation speed detected by this turbine-rotation-speed detector <NUM> is inputted to the normal control circuit <NUM>. An opening degree of each of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the intercept valves <NUM> is adjusted such that the turbine rotation speed becomes a predetermined value having been set by a rotation-speed setter <NUM> (<FIG>). Then, the amount of the steam flowing into each valve is controlled. The "opening degree" may be simply referred to as the "opening".

In this manner, the normal control circuit <NUM> controls the turbine rotation speed during normal operation, at the time of start, and at the time of stop.

The early valve actuating control circuit <NUM> controls opening/closing of the intercept valves <NUM> in priority to the control by the normal control circuit <NUM> when the transient event in the power system occurs. The transient event in the power system is a phenomenon which occurs when, for example, an accident in which one or some of many power transmission lines extending from the power generation plant <NUM> is cut and grounded. The transient event in the power system may refer to an event in which the voltage drops significantly for a very short time to an event in which a relatively small voltage drop occurs for a long time. However, the transient event in the power system event here means a phenomenon in which the period from its occurrence to its restoration is <NUM> second or less.

In the following description, time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system indicates the time point at which the normal condition is switched to the transient event in the power system. The term "during the occurrence of the transient event in the power system" indicates the period during which the transient event in the power system continues. The restoration time of the power system from transient event indicates the time point at which the power system is switched from the transient event to the normal condition. The time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system may include the period immediately before the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

<FIG> shows a specific configuration of the normal control circuit <NUM> in the pressurized water nuclear power plant 1A according to the first embodiment. The same components as the components in <FIG> are indicated by the same reference signs.

The turbine-rotation-speed detector <NUM> detects the rotation speed of the turbine. The turbine-rotation-speed detector <NUM> outputs the detection signal to a deviation calculator <NUM>. The deviation calculator <NUM> subtracts the inputted detection signal and the speed signal having been preset in the rotation-speed setter <NUM>, and outputs the subtracted signal to a multiplier <NUM>. The multiplier <NUM> obtains a speed control signal <NUM> by multiplying this subtracted signal by a gain (i.e., the reciprocal of the speed adjustment rate). Instead of the multiplier <NUM>, PI control may be performed only during turbine startup control.

Further, an adder <NUM> calculates a speed load control signal <NUM> by adding the speed control signal <NUM> and the load setting value having been set by a load setter <NUM>. The speed load control signal <NUM> is outputted to servo valves <NUM> as a steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. The opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is adjusted by changing the supply amount of control oil by the servo valves <NUM>.

The speed load control signal <NUM> calculated from the adder <NUM> is outputted to a multiplier <NUM>. The multiplier <NUM> obtains an intercept-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> by multiplying the speed load control signal <NUM> by a gain. The intercept-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> is outputted to servo valves <NUM>. The opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM> is adjusted by changing the supply amount of the control oil by the servo valves <NUM>.

The bypass valve <NUM> is installed in order to reduce the pressure rise in the steam generator <NUM> or the reactor. The bypass valve <NUM> is controlled so as to open at the time of the occurrence of the transient event, such as a sudden decrease in turbine load or a plant trip.

At normal times, in order to prevent disturbance of the increase in load on the steam generator <NUM> due to malfunction of the opening/closing control of the bypass valve <NUM>, an interlock is provided for the opening control of the bypass valve <NUM> by the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>.

When the output of the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is off, the zero output of a signal generator <NUM> is prioritized by a switch <NUM> and the bypass valve is fully closed. When a turbine-load sudden-change detection-circuit <NUM> determines that sudden change in the turbine load has occurred as detected by the turbine load detector <NUM>, the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is outputted.

As a conceivable method for detecting sudden change in turbine load, there is a method for focusing on the fluctuation of the first-stage steam pressure or the fluctuation of the generator current (for example, threshold determination using the amount of change in target parameter per unit time). When the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is outputted, the switch <NUM> controls the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM> by the deviation signal of the bypass-valve control-target process calculated by a deviation calculator <NUM> on the basis of the setting values having been set in a process detector <NUM> and a process setter <NUM>.

The process value to be controlled by the bypass valve <NUM> may be, for example, the primary cooling-system temperature and the secondary-side steam pressure.

The control operation during the rated operation of the pressurized water nuclear power plant will be described by referring to <FIG>.

During the rated operation, the turbine rotation speed is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the intercept valves <NUM> on the basis of the speed load control signal <NUM>. That is, control is performed on the basis of the speed control value that is changed in relation to the rotation speeds of the turbines <NUM> and <NUM>.

At the time of the rated operation, the output of the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is in the off state, so the switch <NUM> of the bypass-valve control circuit outputs zero and the bypass valve <NUM> becomes in the fully closed state. When the turbine load changes suddenly, the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is outputted and the opening-degree control of the bypass valve <NUM> is started on the basis of the process value of the target of the bypass valve control.

In this manner, the normal control circuit <NUM> controls the turbine rotation speed by adjusting the opening degree of each of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the intercept valves <NUM>.

Next, regarding the turbine early valve actuating control, the early valve actuating control circuit <NUM> will be described. In the power generation plant <NUM> connected to the power system, in the steady state, active power is being outputted from the generator <NUM> so as to match the mechanical input from the high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the low-pressure turbine <NUM>.

However, in the power system, there may be occurrence of the transient event in which the active power to be outputted by the generator <NUM> decreases sharply, such as a sudden decrease in system voltage. Even if this transient event occurs, this transient event will be restored within <NUM> second. However, during this transient event, the turbine mechanical input exceeds the active power that can be sent to the power system. Thus, if the turbine rotation speed is increased and exceeds a certain limit, the generator <NUM> may goes step-out.

In order to prevent weakening of the power system, the power system side is required to continue the operation without causing the step-out. After the restoration of the power system from transient event, the system voltage required by the power system is also restored, so it is necessary to quickly recover the active power to be outputted from the generator <NUM> to the required value of the power system.

The turbine early valve actuating control is known as a method for preventing step-out and restoring active power quickly in the generator <NUM> when the transient event occurs in the power system. In the early valve actuating control circuit <NUM>, a power-system transient-event detector <NUM> detects the transient event in the power system. When a power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM> is outputted on the basis of this detection, the intercept valves <NUM> for causing the steam to flow into the low-pressure turbine <NUM> are rapidly closed. Further, the increase in turbine rotation speed is suppressed by temporarily blocking the flow of the steam into the low-pressure turbine <NUM>. Moreover, after the restoration of the power system from the transient event, the intercept valves <NUM> are rapidly and fully opened to recover the active power quickly. The timing to open the intercept valves <NUM> rapidly does not have to coincide with the transient event reset. For example, as soon as the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM> reaches <NUM>%, they may be opened.

As shown in <FIG>, in the early valve actuating control circuit <NUM>, the power-system transient-event detector <NUM> detects the transient event in the power system and outputs the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>.

Depending on the output of the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>, a steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is outputted. Thereafter, the opening-degree correction control of the steam governing valves <NUM> is started. The opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is corrected so as to become close to the predetermined opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

The problem of the conventional technique (i.e., the event in which the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> tends to close due to the speed control depending on the vibration of the turbine speed immediately after the transient event in the power system) can be prevented by the opening-degree correction control of the steam governing valves <NUM>. More specifically, the event in which the valves tends to close means that the opening degree of the valves continues to be lower than necessary due to difference in opening/closing speed of the valves despite the fact that both the command signal to open the valves and the command signal to close the valves are alternately transmitted after the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

As a result, the amount of steam at the predetermined opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> can be supplied to the turbine, whereas the amount of steam flowing into the turbine is reduced in the conventional technique. Thus, prompt response to the restoration of active power required after the restoration of the power system from the transient event can be achieved. Additionally, adverse effects on the steam generation side such as increase in steam pressure due to the tendency of the steam governing valves <NUM> to close can be avoided.

In the opening-degree correction control of the steam governing valves <NUM>, for example, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is corrected to the predetermined opening degree by the following method.

Next, as a specific aspect of the opening-degree correction control of the steam governing valves <NUM> in the first embodiment, a description will be given of a method for holding the input of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> at the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

As shown in <FIG>, in the first embodiment, during the opening-degree correction control of the steam governing valves <NUM>, an opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is provided for holding the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

This opening-degree correction unit <NUM> includes: a switch <NUM> that can switch between the speed load control signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>; and a signal holder <NUM> configured to hold the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, which is information indicating the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>, during normal time before the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

The opening degree held in the signal holder <NUM> is the opening degree at the time of occurrence of the transient event in the power system, and the switch <NUM> is a component for switching the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> to the opening degree held in the signal holder <NUM> during the transient event in the power system. The signal holder <NUM> is a memory that stores the value included in the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>.

In this manner, the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system is held in the signal holder <NUM>. Thus, during the transient event in the power system, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> can be maintained at the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system on the basis of the opening degree held in the signal holder <NUM>.

When the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is off, the switch <NUM> outputs the speed load control signal <NUM> normally. When the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is on, the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system held in the signal holder <NUM> is outputted as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>.

When the reset of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is determined by a steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control reset circuit <NUM>, a steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command reset signal <NUM> is outputted from the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control reset circuit <NUM> and the output of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is turned off.

The reset of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is performed by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control reset circuit <NUM> as shown in <FIG>. When the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is continued until the vibration of the turbine rotation speed is settled, as one aspect of the reset condition of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM>, there is a conceivable method in which the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM> is turned off and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command reset signal <NUM> is outputted after determining settling of the turbine speed. As a method for detecting the settling of the turbine speed, for example, it is conceivable to: perform threshold determination of the peak value of damping vibration due to the transient event of turbine speed; determine whether the peak value is no longer observed or not; and perform threshold determination of deviation of the absolute value of vibration per unit time.

If the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is switched to the normal control during vibration of the turbine rotation speed, the steam governing valves <NUM> may tend to close. However, the steam governing valve opening-degree correction control is reset after settling the vibration of the turbine rotation speed, which avoids the event that the steam governing valve <NUM> tends to close, and thus the decrease in steam amount available at the time of restoration of the active power can be avoided.

In other words, the maintenance of the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> by the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is completed when both of the restoration of the power system from the transient event and the settling of the rotation speeds of the steam turbines <NUM> and <NUM> are fulfilled. In this manner, when both of the restoration of the power system from the transient event and the settling of the rotation speeds of the steam turbines <NUM> and <NUM> are satisfied, the system can be returned to the normal control.

The effects of the first embodiment will be described by using the timing chart shown in <FIG> is a timing chart showing the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the turbine rotation speed. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the speed load control signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>. In <FIG>, T1 indicates the time point at which the transient event in the power system occurs, T2 indicates the time point at which the power system is restored from the transient event, and T3 indicates the time point at which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command is reset.

When the transient event in the power system occurs, the intercept valves <NUM> are rapidly closed (<FIG>). Although the turbine speed once rises due to the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the turbine speed begins to fall because steam is not supplied to the low-pressure turbine due to the rapid closure of the intercept valves <NUM>. Further, though the intercept valves <NUM> are closed, the turbine speed vibrate so as to converge to the rated output (<FIG>) because the power system is restored from the transient event and the load is returned. Note that the pressure of the moisture separation heaters <NUM> temporarily rises due to the closing of the intercept valves <NUM>.

Although vibration of the turbine rotation speed (<FIG>) is the cause of making the steam governing valves <NUM> tend to close at the time of occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is outputted, and thus the speed load control signal <NUM> (<FIG> in accordance with the vibration of the turbine rotation speed is excluded from the input of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. Hence, the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> maintains the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>).

Consequently, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is also maintained at the predetermined opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>).

In the first embodiment, during the transient event in the power system, the opening degree of the steam governing valves is maintained at the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system without being affected by the vibration of the turbine rotation speed. Thus, decrease in steam amount at the time of restoration of the power system from the transient event can be avoided.

In addition, the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> is maintained at the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>). Thus, the disturbance to the system due to the fluctuation of the steam pressure can be suppressed as much as possible. Further, with the reset of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM>, the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> restarts the normal control by the speed load control signal <NUM>.

Since the turbine rotation speed continues to vibrate even after the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction command is reset in the case shown in <FIG>, the steam governing valves <NUM> repeatedly open and close a little after shifting to the normal control by the speed load control signal <NUM>.

Next, as a comparative example, a description will be given of a case where the opening-degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is adjusted and the bypass valve <NUM> is operated during the transient event in the power system without performing the opening-degree correction control, by using the timing chart shown in <FIG> is a timing chart illustrating the opening-degree operation of the steam governing valves <NUM>, the bypass valve <NUM>, and the intercept valves <NUM> when the transient event in the power system occurs in the pressurized water nuclear power plant 1A as the comparative example.

<FIG> is a timing chart showing the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the turbine rotation speed. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the speed load control signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>. In <FIG>, T1 indicates the time point at which the transient event in the power system occurs and T2 indicates the time point at which the power system is restored from the transient event.

When the transient event in the power system occurs at T1, the early valve actuating control circuit <NUM> operates so as to rapidly close the intercept valves <NUM> (<FIG>). At this time, the amount of the steam flowing into the low-pressure turbine <NUM> is temporarily greatly reduced.

Generally, the opening-degree control based on the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> is continued for the steam governing valves <NUM>, similarly to the normal control. Immediately after the turbine early valve actuating control, deviation occurs between the turbine rotation speed and the turbine speed setting value in the rotation-speed setter <NUM> due to the vibration of the turbine rotation speed (<FIG>). Thus, the opening-degree control of the steam governing valves <NUM> is performed on the basis of the speed load control signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>) according to the turbine rotation speed.

However, due to the mechanical design for rapidly closing the steam governing valves <NUM> as a protective action, the closing speed of the valves is faster than the opening speed. Thus, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> tends to be closed (<FIG>).

Since the turbine load suddenly changes due to the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is outputted and the bypass valve <NUM> is opened (<FIG>), which causes the steam before entering the high-pressure turbine <NUM> to flow out to the condenser <NUM>. For safety design, the bypass valve <NUM> is designed to be opened rapidly. Thus, as to the effect on the steam flow rate, increase in flow rate by opening the bypass valve <NUM> is larger than decrease in flow rate by closing the steam governing valves <NUM>. Hence, the amount of the steam flowing out from the steam generator <NUM> increases and the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> decreases (<FIG>). This reduces the amount of the steam flowing into the high-pressure turbine <NUM> at the time of the restoration of the power plant from the transient event (T2). Consequently, the output of active power cannot be maintained after the restoration of the power system from the transient event.

Contrastively, according to the present embodiment, the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> is maintained as shown in <FIG>, and thus the output of active power can be maintained immediately after the restoration of the power system from the transient event.

The control system of the present embodiment includes hardware resources such as a processor and a memory and is configured as a computer in which information processing by software is achieved with the use of the hardware resources by causing the CPU to execute various programs. Further, the method for controlling the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> of the present embodiment is achieved by causing the computer to execute the various programs.

Next, the processing to be executed by the control system <NUM> will be described by using the flowchart of <FIG>. This processing is repeated at regular intervals. When this processing is repeated, the control method for the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> is executed by the control system <NUM>. Note that this processing may be interrupted and executed while the control system <NUM> is executing other main processing.

First, in the step S11, the control system <NUM> determines whether the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is maintaining the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> at the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system or not. If the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is maintaining the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> at the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (YES in the step S11), the processing proceeds to the step S15 described below. Conversely, if the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is not maintaining the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> at the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (NO in the step S11), the processing proceeds to the step S12.

In the step S12, the control system <NUM> determines whether the transient event in the power system is detected by the power-system transient-event detector <NUM> or not. If the transient event in the power system is detected (YES in the step S12), the processing proceeds to the step S16 described below. Conversely, if the transient event in the power system is not detected (NO in the step S12), the processing proceeds to the step S13.

In the step S13, the control system <NUM> adjusts the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>.

In the next step S14, the signal holder <NUM> holds the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

In the step S15, the control system <NUM> determines whether the reset conditions are satisfied or not. The reset conditions are that the power system is restored from the transient event and the turbine speed is settled. If the reset conditions are satisfied (YES in the step S15), the processing proceeds to the step S17 described below. Conversely, if the reset conditions are not satisfied (NO in the step S15), the processing proceeds to the step S16.

In the step S16, the control system <NUM> maintains the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> at the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system by using the opening-degree correction unit <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

In the step S17, the control system <NUM> adjusts the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

Next, a description will be given of the control system <NUM> for the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> according to the second embodiment by referring to <FIG>. The same reference signs are assigned to the same components as the above-described embodiment, and duplicate description is omitted.

<FIG> is a timing chart showing the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the turbine rotation speed. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the speed load control signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>. In <FIG>, T1 indicates the time point at which the transient event in the power system occurs, T2 indicates the time point at which the power system is restored from the transient event, and T3 indicates the time point at which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command is reset.

In the second embodiment, the opening speed and closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> are matched during the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control. This control corrects the difference in opening/closing speed that causes the steam governing valves <NUM> to tend to close.

Normally, the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> is faster than the opening speed of the steam governing valves <NUM>. As a method for matching the opening speed and closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM>, there are conceivable methods of: multiplying the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> by a gain with the use of an opening-degree correction unit <NUM>; and correcting the output of the servo valve <NUM> that drives the steam governing valves <NUM>.

Although the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> is faster than opening speed of the steam governing valves <NUM>, the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> of the second embodiment performs correction processing by which the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> is brought close to the opening speed, during the transient event in the power system. In other words, the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> performs correction processing so as to slow down the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM>. In this manner, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>, which operates in the direction of closing during the transient event in the power system, can be maintained to substantially same as the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

At this time, speed control is performed on the steam governing valves <NUM> on the basis of on the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>) that is depending on the vibration of the turbine rotation speed (<FIG>). However, the above-described opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is used to make the opening speed and the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> the same, so that the steam governing valves <NUM> are controlled so as to be near the predetermined opening degree (<FIG>). Thus, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> can be corrected so as to be near the predetermined opening degree while the speed control is being maintained.

In the second embodiment, the speed control for the vibration of the turbine rotation speed is performed, and thus, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is controlled so as to be near the predetermined opening degree. Although the amount of steam used at the time of restoration of active power is reduced in the conventional technique, in the second embodiment, the reduction in the amount of steam can be avoided.

First, in the step S21, the control system <NUM> determines whether the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is correcting the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> or not. If the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is correcting the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> (YES in the step S21), the processing proceeds to the step S24 described below. Conversely, If the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is not correcting the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> (NO in the step S21), the processing proceeds to the step S22.

In the step S22, the control system <NUM> determines whether the transient event in the power system is detected by the power-system transient-event detector <NUM> or not. If the transient event in the power system is detected (YES in the step S22), the processing proceeds to the step S25 described below. Conversely, if the transient event in the power system is not detected (NO in the step S22), the processing proceeds to the step S23.

In the step S23, the control system <NUM> adjusts the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

In the step S24, the control system <NUM> determines whether the reset conditions are satisfied or not. The reset conditions are that the power system is restored from the transient event and the turbine speed is settled. If the reset conditions are satisfied (YES in the step S24), the processing proceeds to the above-described step S23. Conversely, if the reset conditions are not satisfied (NO in the step S24), the processing proceeds to the step S25.

In the step S25, the control system <NUM> corrects the closing speed of the steam governing valves <NUM> by using the opening-degree correction unit <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

Next, a description will be given of the control system <NUM> for the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> according to the third embodiment on the basis of <FIG> and <FIG> by referring to <FIG> as required. The same reference signs are assigned to the same components as the above-described embodiments, and duplicate description is omitted.

In the configurations shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, there is a possibility that the bypass valve <NUM> opens while the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is being outputted. However, in the configuration shown in <FIG>, the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is forcibly controlled to be off while the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is being outputted. That is, the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is disabled (invalidated).

The configuration of the third embodiment includes a bypass-valve full-closing control-circuit <NUM> configured to disable the signal of controlling the bypass valve <NUM>, which is to be opened when the steam before entering the turbines <NUM> and <NUM> is bypassed to the condenser <NUM>, during the transient event in the power system.

With such a configuration, the bypass valve <NUM> is maintained in the fully closed state even at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>). Thus, the steam outflow to the condenser <NUM> can be prevented. Further, the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> is maintained at the value at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>. In other words, the closed state of the bypass valve can be maintained during the transient event in the power system, and thus, decrease in amount of the steam flowing into the turbines <NUM> and <NUM> can be prevented. This configuration can avoid decrease in amount of the steam available at the time of restoration of active power after the restoration of the power system from the transient event.

Further, as shown in <FIG>, steam outflow to the condenser <NUM> can be avoided by forcibly turning off the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>. When it is necessary to avoid adverse effects such as pressure increase in the steam generator <NUM>, pressure control of the steam generator <NUM> can also be performed by controlling the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> with the bypass valve <NUM> fully closed.

As one aspect of the pressure control method for the steam generator <NUM>, there is a conceivable method in which an open bias is provided in the steam governing valves <NUM> by using an adder <NUM> for adding a predetermined value having been set in a pressure control setter <NUM> to the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. In the pressure control according to the third embodiment, the pressure control setter <NUM> and the adder <NUM> constitute a control adjustment circuit. This control adjustment circuit is a part of the opening degree correction unit in the third embodiment. The predetermined value may be a pressure signal detected by a pressure detector <NUM> or may be a value based on a constant opening degree corresponding to opening of the bypass valve.

Consequently, the above-describe configuration can suppress the disturbance that adversely affects the system, such as excessive pressure rise on the equipment side for generating the steam, while avoiding decrease in amount of the steam to be used at the time of restoration of active power after restoration of the power system from the transient event.

Although the bypass valve <NUM> is opened when the steam before entering the high-pressure turbine <NUM> is bypassed to the condenser <NUM>, the closed state of the bypass valve <NUM> is maintained during the transient event in the power system in the third embodiment. Further, the configuration of the third embodiment includes the control adjustment circuit for adjusting the control value that controls the steam governing valves <NUM> on the basis of the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> with the bypass valve <NUM> kept closed. In this manner, the steam generator <NUM> can be prioritized over the high-pressure turbine <NUM> during the transient event in the power system, so that its soundness can be maintained.

The reset of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is performed by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control reset circuit <NUM> as shown in <FIG>. When the steam governing valve opening-degree correction control is continued until the vibration of the turbine rotation speed is settled, as reset conditions of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction command signal <NUM>, there is a conceivable method of outputting the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command reset signal <NUM> when the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM> is turned off and the settling of the turbine speed is determined by the turbine-speed settling detector <NUM>. As a method of causing the turbine-speed settling detector <NUM> to detect the settling, for example, there are conceivable methods of: (i) performing threshold determination on the peak value of damping vibration caused by the transient event of turbine speed; (ii) determining whether the peak value is no longer observed; and (iii) performing threshold determination on the deviation of the absolute value of vibration per unit time.

When it is switched from the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control to the normal control during the vibration of the turbine rotation speed, there is a possibility that the steam governing valves <NUM> tend to close. However, when the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is reset after settling the vibration of the turbine rotation speed, the event that the steam governing valves <NUM> tend to close can be avoided, and decrease in amount of steam available at the time of restoration of active power can be avoided.

Additionally, the forced-off of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control and the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> can be manually switched on or off by an operator operating the manual operation switch <NUM>. As a result, the plant can be operated after the operator determines the necessity of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control and the bypass-valve full-closing maintenance control. The manual operation switch <NUM> is provided in the operation unit <NUM> of the central control system <NUM>.

In a period during which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is outputted, the operation monitoring display <NUM> can display that the forced off function of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control and the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is enabled. As a result, when the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control and the bypass-valve full-closing maintenance control are activated, the operator can be informed of it promptly, which contributes to improvement in operation monitor ability. Incidentally, the operation monitoring display <NUM> is provided on the display <NUM> of the central control system <NUM>.

When the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is maintained to substantially same as the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, this display <NUM> informs the operator of the power generation plant <NUM> of the above-described fact that the opening degree is maintained. In this manner, the operator of the power generation plant <NUM> can be notified of the fact that the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is maintained.

Next, a description will be given of the processing to be executed by the control system <NUM> of the present embodiment in association with the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>, by using the flowchart of <FIG>. This processing is repeated at regular intervals. When this processing is repeated, the control method for the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> is executed by the control system <NUM>. Note that this processing may be interrupted and executed while the control system <NUM> is executing other main processing.

First, in the step S31, the control system <NUM> determines whether the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is disabled by the bypass-valve full-closing control-circuit <NUM> or not. If the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is disabled (YES in the step S31), the processing proceeds to the step S34 described below. Conversely, if the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> is not disabled (NO in the step S31), the processing proceeds to the step S32.

In the step S32, the control system <NUM> determines whether the transient event in the power system is detected by the power-system transient-event detector <NUM> or not. If the transient event in the power system is detected (YES in the step S32), the processing proceeds to the step S35 described below. Conversely, if the transient event in the power system is not detected (NO in the step S32), the processing proceeds to the step S33.

In the step S33, the control system <NUM> validates (enables) the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM>, and then the processing is competed.

In the step S34, the control system <NUM> determines whether the reset conditions are satisfied or not. The reset conditions are that the power system is restored from the transient event and the turbine speed is settled. If the reset conditions are satisfied (YES in the step S34), the processing is completed. Conversely, if the reset conditions are not satisfied (NO in the step S34), the processing proceeds to the step S35.

In the step S35, the control system <NUM> disables the bypass-valve open permission signal <NUM> by using the bypass-valve full-closing control-circuit <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

Next, a description will be given of the control system <NUM> for the steam governing valves <NUM> of the power generation plant <NUM> according to the fourth embodiment by referring to <FIG>. The same reference signs are assigned to the same components as the above-described embodiments, and duplicate description is omitted. In the fourth embodiment, an embodiment in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B will be described below.

<FIG> illustrates a detailed configuration of the normal control circuit <NUM> in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B. The same components as those in <FIG> and <FIG> are denoted by the same reference signs, and there is no change in the functions except the matters described below.

During the rated operation in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B, the normal control circuit <NUM> performs reactor-pressure constant control with priority over the turbine rotation speed control. When the turbine speed is near the rated speed, opening-degree control of the steam governing valves <NUM> is performed such that the reactor pressure is kept constant by controlling the reactor pressure. That is, control is performed on the basis of the pressure control value that is changed in relation to the reactor pressure.

When the turbine rotation speed become significantly higher than the rotation-speed setter <NUM>, the control method of the steam governing valves <NUM> is switched from the reactor pressure control to the turbine rotation speed control and the valve opening degree is controlled in the closing direction. At this time, the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM> is controlled in the opening direction, and thereby the amount of the steam flowing into the high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the condenser <NUM> is adjusted such that the reactor pressure is controlled to a constant value. The detailed operation is as follows.

The pressure detector <NUM> detects the pressure in the steam generator <NUM> and outputs a detection signal to a deviation calculator <NUM>. The deviation calculator <NUM> subtracts the inputted detection signal and the pressure setting value having been preset in a pressure setter <NUM>, and outputs a pressure deviation signal to a multiplier <NUM>. The multiplier <NUM> calculates the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> by multiplying the pressure deviation signal by a gain (i.e., reciprocal of the pressure regulation rate).

This total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> indicates the steam flow rate that is necessary to keep the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> constant and is the steam flow rate to be outputted from the reactor. A low value selector <NUM> selects the signal having the lowest value from the steam amount values when the turbine is rotationally controlled by the speed represented by the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> and the speed load control signal <NUM>, and then outputs the selected signal as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. That is, of the speed control value based on the rotation speed of the high-pressure turbine <NUM> and the pressure control value based on the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>, the lower value is selected so that the steam governing valves <NUM> are controlled on the basis of the selected lower value.

Further, the deviation calculator <NUM> calculates the bypass-valve flow-rate command-signal <NUM> on the basis of the deviation between the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. The bypass-valve flow-rate command-signal <NUM> is outputted to a servo valve <NUM>. The servo valve <NUM> changes the supply amount of the control oil, and thereby the valve opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM> is adjusted.

Next, a description will be given of a control operation at the time of the rated operation in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B. During the rated operation, the value of the load setter <NUM> is generally set to a predetermined value larger than the actual load such that pressure control is prioritized. Further, in the low value selector <NUM>, the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> is selected, and the reactor pressure control is performed by adjusting the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>.

At this time, the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> matches the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, so the bypass-valve flow-rate command-signal <NUM>, which is the output of deviation calculator <NUM>, becomes zero. Thus, the bypass valve <NUM> is fully closed. However, when the turbine rotation speed is excessively increased and the speed load control signal <NUM> outputted from the adder <NUM> is selected in the low value selector <NUM>, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is narrowed down and it shifts to the turbine rotation speed control. That is, control based on the speed control value is performed.

At this time, the decrement of steam amount narrowed down by the steam governing valves <NUM> is outputted from the deviation calculator <NUM> as the difference between the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> and the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. Further, the bypass valve <NUM> is controlled in the opening direction. In other words, excessive steam generated by narrowing down the steam governing valves <NUM> is made to flow into the condenser <NUM> via the bypass valve <NUM> in order to keep the reactor pressure constant. In this manner, the reactor pressure control is performed by the bypass valve <NUM>. That is, control based on the pressure control value is performed.

In the fourth embodiment, the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction control is performed depending on the output of the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> similarly to the above-described embodiments.

In the fourth embodiment, as a control method for the steam governing valves <NUM> when the turbine rotation speed significantly increases during the transient event in the power system, the control based on the reactor pressure control is performed without switching it to the turbine rotation speed control. Further, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is corrected so as to be near the predetermined opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system.

In this manner, the system can avoid the closing control of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the opening control of the bypass valves <NUM>, both of which is in association with the increase in turbine rotation speed at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system. The fourth embodiment obtains the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments and has the same functions except for the matters described below.

In the fourth embodiment, even when the turbine rotation speed is significantly increased, an opening-degree correction unit <NUM> is provided for correcting the input value selected as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. This opening-degree correction unit <NUM> includes a switch <NUM> and a bias signal setter <NUM>. In the fourth embodiment, the bias signal setter <NUM> is a bias circuit that increases the speed control value during the transient event in the power system.

In a period during which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is off, the switch <NUM> outputs the value having been set by the load setter <NUM> to the adder <NUM>. In a period during which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM> is on, the switch <NUM> outputs a predetermined setting value having been set by the bias signal setter <NUM> to the adder <NUM>.

As one aspect of the setting value to be set in the bias signal setter <NUM>, there is a method of setting the maximum value of the rotational speed that can be generated.

<FIG> is a timing chart showing the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the turbine rotation speed. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the output of the switch <NUM> for load setting. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the speed load control signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>. In <FIG>, T1 indicates the time point at which the transient event in the power system occurs, T2 indicates the time point at which the power system is restored from the transient event, and T3 indicates the time point at which the steam-governing-valve opening-degree correction-command is reset.

Since a predetermined setting value is outputted from the switch <NUM> at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>), the speed load control signal <NUM> is always set to a value larger than the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>).

The steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> is a signal that takes the lower value of the speed load control signal <NUM> and the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM>. Thus, also at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> is selected similarly to the normal control (<FIG>). Further, the reactor pressure control is continued. Hence, even at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is maintained near the predetermined opening degree (<FIG>).

Additionally, the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> is selected as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> in the steam governing valve opening-degree correction control, and thereby the bypass-valve flow-rate command-signal <NUM> becomes zero. Consequently, even at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the bypass valve <NUM> is maintained in the fully closed state (<FIG>). Since steam outflow to the condenser <NUM> is prevented, the reactor pressure can be maintained at the value at the time of occurrence of the transient event in the power system (<FIG>).

Next, as a comparative example, a description will be given of a case where the opening-degree adjustment of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the operation of the bypass valve <NUM> are performed during the transient event in the power system without performing the opening-degree correction control, by using the timing chart shown in <FIG> shows a timing chart when the transient event in the power system occurs in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B as a comparative example.

<FIG> is a timing chart showing the power-system transient-event detection-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the turbine rotation speed. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the speed load control signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the intercept valves <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the opening degree of the bypass valve <NUM>. <FIG> is a timing chart showing the pressure of the steam generator <NUM>. In <FIG>, T1 indicates the time point at which the transient event in the power system occurs, and T2 indicates the time point at which the power system is restored from the transient event.

Of the speed load control signal <NUM> (<FIG>) and the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>), the signal having the lower value is selected as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>) in the boiling water nuclear power plant 1B.

Immediately after starting the turbine early valve actuating control from the occurrence (T1) of the transient event in the power system, the speed load control signal <NUM> is fluctuated (<FIG>) depending on increase and vibration of the turbine rotation speed (<FIG>).

When the turbine rotation speed is significantly increased, the speed load control signal <NUM> (<FIG>) has a smaller value than the total steam-flow-rate command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>). Thus, the speed load control signal <NUM> is selected as the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM> (<FIG>) and the steam governing valves <NUM> are controlled so as to be closed (<FIG>).

In response to the closing control of the steam governing valves <NUM>, the bypass valve <NUM> is controlled so as to open by the control based on the reactor pressure (<FIG>). Further, the steam before flowing into the high-pressure turbine <NUM> is discharged to the condenser <NUM>, and the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> and the pressure of the reactor are reduced (<FIG>). Thus, at the time of restoration from the transient event (T2), the amount of the steam flowing into the high-pressure turbine <NUM> is reduced. With this reduced steam flow, the output of active power cannot be maintained after the restoration of the power system from the transient event.

In the fourth embodiment, even when the turbine rotation speed increases at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system, the reactor pressure control is continued by the steam governing valves <NUM>, the opening degrees of both of the steam governing valves <NUM> and the bypass valve <NUM> are controlled so as to be near the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system. Thus, in the fourth embodiment, decrease in amount of steam to be used at the time of restoration of active power can be avoided and disturbance to the system such as increase in steam pressure can be suppressed. Further, the reactor pressure control can be continued, and thus, stable and highly accurate control of the reactor pressure can be realized.

In the fourth embodiment, even during the turbine early valve actuating control, the reactor pressure control is prioritized, the steam governing valves <NUM> keep the predetermined opening degree and the bypass valve <NUM> keeps the fully closed state, which prevent steam outflow to the condenser <NUM>. When the reactor pressure vessel is adversely affected, the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> is adjusted and the pressure of the reactor pressure vessel is controlled under the state where the bypass valve <NUM> is fully closed. This control enables the system to: secure the amount of steam to be used at the time of the restoration of active power after the restoration of the power system from the transient event; and suppress disturbance that adversely affects the system, such as pressure fluctuation on the steam generator side.

In this manner, even when the turbine speed increases during the transient event in the power system, the pressure control value based on the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> has priority over the speed control value based on the rotation speed of the turbines <NUM> and <NUM>, and is used for controlling the steam governing valves <NUM>. Thus, the pressure of the steam generator <NUM> can be maintained appropriately. The closed state of the bypass valve <NUM>, which is to be opened when the steam before being flowing into the turbine <NUM> is bypassed to the condenser <NUM>, can be maintained.

First, in the step S41, the control system <NUM> determines whether the correction for increasing the speed control value is performed by the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> or not. If the correction for increasing the speed control value is performed by the opening-degree correction unit <NUM>(YES in the step S41), the processing proceeds to the step S44 described below. Conversely, if the correction for increasing the speed control value is not performed by the opening-degree correction unit <NUM> (NO in the step S41), the processing proceeds to the step S42.

In the step S42, the control system <NUM> determines whether the transient event in the power system is detected by the power-system transient-event detector <NUM> or not. If the transient event in the power system is detected (YES in the step S42), the processing proceeds to the step S45 described below. Conversely, if the transient event in the power system is not detected (NO in the step S42), the processing proceeds to the step S43.

In the step S43, the control system <NUM> adjusts the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM> by the steam-governing-valve opening-degree command-signal <NUM>, and then the processing is completed.

In the step S44, the control system <NUM> determines whether the reset conditions are satisfied or not. The reset conditions are that the power system is restored from the transient event and the turbine speed is settled. If the reset conditions are satisfied (YES in the step S44), the processing proceeds to the above-described step S43. Conversely, if the reset conditions are not satisfied (NO in the step S44), the processing proceeds to the step S45.

In the step S45, the control system <NUM> performs the correction for increasing the speed control value by using the opening-degree correction unit <NUM>. Thereafter, the processing proceeds to the above-described step S43.

Although "the control system for the steam governing valve of the power generation plant" according to the possible embodiments has been described on the basis of the first to fourth embodiments, the configuration applied in any one of the embodiments may be applied to other embodiments and the configurations applied in each embodiment may be used in combination.

For example, though the bypass-valve full-closing control-circuit <NUM> disables the signal of controlling the bypass valve <NUM> during the transient event in the power system in the third embodiment as described above, this configuration of the bypass-valve full-closing control-circuit <NUM> in the third embodiment may be applied to the first and second embodiments. The configurations of the operation monitoring display <NUM> and the manual operation switch <NUM> of the third embodiment may be applied to the first, second, and fourth embodiments.

Although a mode in which each step is executed in series is illustrated in the flowcharts of the present embodiment, the execution order of the respective steps is not necessarily fixed and the execution order of part of the steps may be changed. Additionally, some steps may be executed in parallel with another step.

The control system of the present embodiment includes a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), an external storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and an SSD (Solid State Drive), a display device such as a display panel, an input device such as a mouse and a keyboard, a communication interface, and a controller which has a highly integrated processor such as a special-purpose chip, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control system can be achieved by hardware configuration with the use of a normal computer.

Note that each program executed in the control system of the present embodiment is provided by being incorporated in a memory such as a ROM in advance. Additionally or alternatively, each program may be provided by being stored as a file of installable or executable format in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium such as a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a memory card, a DVD, and a flexible disk (FD).

In addition, each program executed in the control system may be stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet and be provided by being downloaded via a network. Further, the control system can also be configured by interconnecting and combining separate modules, which independently exhibit respective functions of the components, via a network or a dedicated line.

The control system <NUM> includes a restoration determination unit configured to determine whether the power system is restored from the generated transient event within <NUM> second or not. If the power system is not restored from the transient event within <NUM> second, the power system may be configured such that the opening-degree correction units <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> do not correct the opening degree of the steam governing valves <NUM>. Additionally, if the power system is not restored from the transient event within <NUM> second, the bypass valve <NUM> may be opened or power generation of the power generation plant <NUM> may be stopped. Although the description has been given of the case where it is determined whether the restoration is completed within <NUM> second or not (i.e., <NUM> second is used as the determination threshold value), a predetermined time shorter than <NUM> second may be set as the determination threshold value.

Claim 1:
A control system (<NUM>) for a steam governing valve (<NUM>) of a power generation plant (<NUM>, 1A, 1B), the control system (<NUM>) comprising:
a transient-event detector (<NUM>) configured to detect occurrence of a transient event in a power system; and
an opening-degree correction unit (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>) configured to maintain an opening degree of a steam governing valve (<NUM>), to substantially the same degree as the opening degree at a time of the occurrence of the transient event in the power system during the transient event in the power system, the steam governing valve (<NUM>) being configured to adjust amount of steam flowing into a steam turbine (<NUM>, <NUM>),
the control system further comprising a restoration determining unit which is configured to determine whether power is restored from the transient event within a determination threshold value, wherein the opening degree correction unit is configured to not maintain the opening degree of the steam governing valve (<NUM>), at substantially the same degree as the opening degree at the time of the occurrence of the transient event, when the transient event is longer than the determination threshold value, and wherein the determination threshold value is <NUM> second or less.