Patent Description:
The next generation of telecommunication infrastructure is realized through the implementation of <NUM> networks. The <NUM> networks require new developments for both the backbone infrastructure and user equipments (UEs), particularly hand-held devices such as smartphones, wearable devices, etc. Refurbishing existing networks such as <NUM>/LTE networks can facilitate the realization of <NUM> network for designated frequencies at sub-<NUM> only because of the almost identical form factor. However, the associated radiofrequency (RF) transceivers for sub-<NUM> (e.g., Massive MIMO) are different. Practical solutions for implementations in UEs are available for the sub-<NUM> band of <NUM> networks.

<CIT> discloses a mobile device comprising an internal cell phone antenna and RF coupling elements mounted on the back of the device.

<CIT> is concerned with a mobile device having no projecting portion of the antenna provided on a case and having the antenna accommodated in the case to enhance both the portability and the durability of the device.

<CIT> is concerned with an antenna array wherein a combination of conductive parasitic strips and chokes are arranged in association with the main radiating antenna element to achieve means for independently controlling beamwidths of first and second radiation patterns.

However, the implementation of UEs operating at <NUM> mmWave frequencies faces challenges. For example, UEs operating at two separate frequencies, such as <NUM> and <NUM>, face challenges including reduced efficiency, propagation loss, and foliage and environmental interaction. Various embodiments of the present disclosure recognize the complications of incorporating <NUM> mmWave hardware in existing UEs. These complications include the presence of additional hardware for seamless communications within <NUM>/LTE networks, limited physical dimensions, and relatively high interaction with non-metallic and metallic supports at mmWave bands compared to the sub-<NUM> alternatives. In particular, the interaction with non-metallic and metallic supports at mmWave bands results in challenges including radiation pattern distortion, beam tilting, and gain loss.

The present disclosure relates to a structure that corrects the horizontal polarization of a radiated beam.

Accordingly, various embodiments of the present disclosure enable alignment of the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of a radiation pattern for antenna array of the UE. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure enable a correction of the horizontal polarization, without altering the vertical polarization, to align the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization of the radiation pattern to prevent beam tilting and radiation pattern distortion, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

For a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts:.

In this disclosure, the terms antenna, antenna module, antenna array, beam, and beam steering are frequently used. An antenna module may include one or more arrays. One antenna array may include one or more antenna elements. Each antenna element may be able to provide one or more polarizations, for example vertical polarization, horizontal polarization or both vertical and horizontal polarizations at or around the same time. Vertical and horizontal polarizations at or around the same time can be refracted to an orthogonally polarized antenna. An antenna module radiates the accepted energy in a particular direction with a gain concentration. The radiation of energy in the particular direction is conceptually known as a beam. A beam may be a radiation pattern from one or more antenna elements or one or more antenna arrays.

Before undertaking the DETAILED DESCRIPTION below, it may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout the present disclosure.

Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout the present disclosure.

<FIG>, discussed below, and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged wireless communication system.

Therefore, the <NUM> or pre-<NUM> communication system is also called a "beyond <NUM> network" or a "post LTE system.

The <NUM> communication system is considered to be implemented in higher frequency (mmWave) bands and sub-<NUM> bands, e.g., <NUM> bands, so as to accomplish higher data rates. To decrease propagation loss of the radio waves and increase the transmission coverage, the beamforming, Massive MIMO, full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, an analog beam forming, large scale antenna techniques and the like are discussed in <NUM> communication systems.

In addition, in <NUM> communication systems, development for system network improvement is underway based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RANs), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul communication, moving network, cooperative communication, coordinated multi-points (CoMP) transmission and reception, interference mitigation and cancellation and the like.

As shown in <FIG>, the wireless network <NUM> includes a gNB <NUM>, a gNB <NUM>, and a gNB <NUM>. The gNB <NUM> communicates with the gNB <NUM> and the gNB <NUM>. The gNB <NUM> also communicates with at least one network <NUM>, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

The gNB <NUM> provides wireless broadband access to the network <NUM> for a first plurality of UEs within a coverage area <NUM> of the gNB <NUM>. The first plurality of UEs includes a UE <NUM>, which may be located in a small business (SB); a UE <NUM>, which may be located in an enterprise (E); a UE <NUM>, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); a UE <NUM>, which may be located in a first residence (R); a UE <NUM>, which may be located in a second residence (R); and a UE <NUM>, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cell phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless PDA, or the like. The gNB <NUM> provides wireless broadband access to the network <NUM> for a second plurality of UEs within a coverage area <NUM> of the gNB <NUM>. The second plurality of UEs includes the UE <NUM> and the UE <NUM>. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs <NUM>-<NUM> may communicate with each other and with the UEs <NUM>-<NUM> using <NUM>, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, WiFi, or other wireless communication techniques.

Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as transmit point (TP), transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced base station (eNodeB or gNB), a <NUM> base station (gNB), a macrocell, a femtocell, a WiFi access point (AP), or other wirelessly enabled devices. Base stations may provide wireless access in accordance with one or more wireless communication protocols, e.g., <NUM> 3GPP new radio interface/access (NR), long term evolution (LTE), LTE advanced (LTE-A), high speed packet access (HSPA), Wi-Fi <NUM>. 11a/b/g/n/ac, etc. For the sake of convenience, the terms "BS" and "TRP" are used interchangeably in the present disclosure to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" or "UE" can refer to any component such as "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," "receive point," or "user device. " For the sake of convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in the present disclosure to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile telephone or smartphone) or is normally considered a stationary device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

The gNB <NUM> could communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to the network <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates an example UE <NUM> according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> is for illustration only, and the UEs <NUM>-<NUM> of <FIG> can have the same or similar configuration. However, UEs come in a wide variety of configurations, and <FIG> does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a UE.

The UE <NUM> includes one or more transceivers <NUM>, a microphone <NUM>, a speaker <NUM>, a processor <NUM>, an input/output (I/O) interface <NUM>, an input <NUM>, one or more sensors <NUM>, a display <NUM>, and a memory <NUM>. The memory <NUM> includes an operating system (OS) program <NUM> and one or more applications <NUM>.

The transceiver <NUM> includes transmit (TX) processing circuitry <NUM> to modulate signals, receive (RX) processing circuitry <NUM> to demodulate signals, and an antenna array <NUM> including antennas to send and receive signals. The antenna array <NUM> receives an incoming signal transmitted by a gNB of the wireless network <NUM> of <FIG>. The transceiver <NUM> down-converts the incoming RF signal to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal.

The RF transceiver <NUM> receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry <NUM> and up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted by the antenna array <NUM>.

The processor <NUM> can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute the OS program <NUM> stored in the memory <NUM> in order to control the overall operation of the UE <NUM>. For example, the processor <NUM> can control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver <NUM>, the RX processing circuitry <NUM>, and the TX processing circuitry <NUM> in accordance with well-known principles.

The processor <NUM> can execute other processes and programs resident in the memory <NUM>, such as operations for transmitting dual polarized beams as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor <NUM> can move data into or out of the memory <NUM> as part of an executing process. In some embodiments, the processor <NUM> is configured to execute the applications <NUM> based on the OS program <NUM> or in response to signals received from gNBs or an operator. The processor <NUM> is also coupled to the I/O interface <NUM>, which provides the UE <NUM> with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I/O interface <NUM> is the communication path between these accessories and the processor <NUM>.

The processor <NUM> is also coupled to the input <NUM> (e.g., keypad, touchscreen, button etc.) and the display <NUM>. The operator of the UE <NUM> can use the input <NUM> to enter data into the UE <NUM>. The display <NUM> can be a liquid crystal display or other display capable of rendering text and/or at least limited graphics, such as from web sites.

The memory <NUM> can include at least one of a random-access memory (RAM), Flash memory, or other read-only memory (ROM).

As described in more detail below, the UE <NUM> can perform transmission and reception of signals using dual polarized beams. Although <FIG> illustrates one example of UE <NUM>, various changes can be made to <FIG>. For example, various components in <FIG> can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components can be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor <NUM> can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Although <FIG> illustrates the UE <NUM> as a mobile telephone or smartphone, UEs can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure recognize challenges faced by the UE <NUM> in <NUM> communication systems. As described herein, horizontal polarization from the transceiver <NUM> can be distorted due, in part, to the physical proximity of electromagnetic (e.g., metallic) and non-metallic fixtures within the UE <NUM>. The distortion can tilt the horizontal polarization from the transceiver <NUM>, causing misalignment with the vertical polarization. Various embodiments of the present disclosure recognize this misalignment and recognize that many solutions to correct the horizontal polarization inadvertently adjust the vertical polarization as well. Therefore, various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a structure that aligns the horizontal and vertical polarization by correcting the horizontal polarization of a radiated beam while maintaining the vertical polarization.

For example, <FIG> and <FIG> illustrate cut-away views of a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE <NUM> shown in <FIG> and <FIG> is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. The UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG> can be the UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>.

As shown in <FIG>, the UE <NUM> includes the display <NUM> and a cover <NUM>. Together, the display <NUM> and the cover <NUM> form an exterior shell of the UE <NUM>. The components of the UE <NUM>, including the TX processing circuitry <NUM>, RX processing circuitry <NUM>, processor <NUM>, and memory <NUM> can be disposed between the display <NUM> and the cover <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the transceiver <NUM> is disposed between the display <NUM> and the cover <NUM>. The transceiver <NUM> is provided at an edge of the UE <NUM> in order to transmit and receive signals. The transceiver <NUM> includes the antenna array <NUM> that have a radiation pattern <NUM> with a preset orientation based on the orientation of the antenna array <NUM> within the UE <NUM>.

The radiation pattern <NUM> supports a pair of orthogonal polarizations in both the vertical direction <NUM> and the horizontal direction <NUM>. The vertical polarization <NUM> exhibits desirable performance toward the expected direction while the horizontal polarization <NUM> does not. For example, as shown in <FIG>, horizontal polarization <NUM> is tilted toward an undesired direction, causing the vertical polarization <NUM> and the horizontal polarization <NUM> to not be aligned. Various embodiments of the present disclosure recognize that the misalignment between the vertical polarization <NUM> and the horizontal polarization <NUM> can present challenges resulting from this polarization selectivity. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure recognize that the misalignment can hinder the mmWave radiation from the antenna array <NUM>, resulting in radiation pattern distortion, beam tilting, and gain loss of the UE <NUM>.

Accordingly, various embodiments of the present disclosure enable alignment of the vertical polarization <NUM> and the horizontal polarization <NUM> of a radiation pattern <NUM> for antenna array <NUM>. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure enable a correction of the horizontal polarization <NUM>, without altering the vertical polarization <NUM>, to align the vertical polarization <NUM> and the horizontal polarization <NUM> of the radiation pattern <NUM> to prevent beam tilting and radiation pattern distortion.

<FIG> and <FIG> illustrate semi-metallic screens according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the semi-metallic screen is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. For example, various features can be added to the semi-metallic screen or omitted from the semi-metallic screen in keeping with the present disclosure.

<FIG> illustrates a semi-metallic screen <NUM> according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are described in greater detail below, such as in the descriptions of <FIG>, <FIG>, 7A, and 7B. In various embodiments, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in the UE <NUM>, such as inside the cover <NUM> or between the cover <NUM> and the display <NUM>. The electromagnetic strips <NUM> described herein may be formed using any electromagnetic or electrically conductive material, for example, metals, such as, copper, silver, aluminum, iron, alloys, etc; ceramics; polymers; etc..

As illustrated in <FIG>, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> are arranged perpendicular (E1) to the incidence wave polarization (k). When the electromagnetic strips <NUM> are arranged perpendicular to the incidence wave polarization, the electric field does not induce a current on the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. Therefore, the incidence waves pass, or travel, through the semi-metallic screen <NUM>. Accordingly, the semi-metallic screen <NUM> is effectively invisible as it relates to the incidence waves.

<FIG> illustrates a semi-metallic screen <NUM> according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be the same as or identical to the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are described in greater detail below, such as in the descriptions of <FIG>, <FIG>, 7A, and 7B. In various embodiments, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in the UE <NUM>, such as inside the cover <NUM> or between the cover <NUM> and the display <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> are arranged parallel (E2) to the incidence wave polarization (kA). When the electromagnetic strips <NUM> are arranged parallel to the incidence wave polarization, the electric field induces a current on the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. Therefore, the incidence waves reflect off of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> as shown by the reflected incidence wave polarization kB. In other words, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> can act as a mirror for the polarization.

<FIG> and <FIG> illustrate a semi-metallic screen according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. For example, various features can be added to the semi-metallic screen <NUM> or omitted from the semi-metallic screen <NUM> in keeping with the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates a side view of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates a top view of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> can be the semi-metallic screen <NUM> or the semi-metallic screen <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively.

The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM> or the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively. In some embodiments, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are provided in a parallel or substantially parallel manner. For example, as shown in <FIG>, each of the electromagnetic strips 505a-505n are provided parallel to each adjoining electromagnetic strip. Electromagnetic strip 505a is provided parallel to electromagnetic strip 505b. Likewise, electromagnetic strip 505b is provided parallel to both electromagnetic strip 505a and electromagnetic strip 505c.

Between each of the electromagnetic strips <NUM> is a space <NUM>. For example, the electromagnetic strip 505a and the electromagnetic strip 505b are separated by a space <NUM>. In some embodiments, the space <NUM> can be approximately the same width as each of the electromagnetic strips. In non-claimed embodiments, the space <NUM> can have a width that is greater than or less than the width of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>.

Although illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG> as including electromagnetic strips <NUM> that are substantially parallel, the semi-metallic screen <NUM> can be provided in various embodiments. For example, <FIG> illustrate various embodiments of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates an alternative semi-metallic screen according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. For example, various features can be added to the semi-metallic screen <NUM> or omitted from the semi-metallic screen <NUM> in keeping with the present disclosure. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips 515a-515n. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> can be the semi-metallic screen <NUM> and the plurality of electromagnetic strips 515a-515n can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM> or the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively.

As shown in <FIG>, each of the plurality of electromagnetic strips 515a-515n includes a curved portion <NUM>. In some embodiments, the curved portion <NUM> can be described as meandering or winding. The curved portion <NUM> can more precisely tilt the polarization into a desired direction.

<FIG> illustrates a semi-metallic screen according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. For example, various features can be added to the semi-metallic screen <NUM> or omitted from the semi-metallic screen <NUM> in keeping with the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates a top view of a semi-metallic screen <NUM>. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> can be the semi-metallic screen <NUM> and the electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM> or the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively. Although <FIG> illustrates three electromagnetic strips 525a, 525b, and 505n, this embodiments should not be construed as limiting. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> can include as many or as few electromagnetic strips <NUM> as necessary.

Each of the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> includes a switch <NUM>. For example, the electromagnetic strip 525a includes a switch 528a, the electromagnetic strip 525b includes a switch 528b, and the electromagnetic strip 525n includes a switch 528n. The plurality of switches 528a-528n are configured to extend a range of the transceiver <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates a semi-metallic screen according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the semi-metallic screen <NUM> is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. For example, various features can be added to the semi-metallic screen <NUM> or omitted from the semi-metallic screen <NUM> in keeping with the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates a top view of a semi-metallic screen <NUM>. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> can be the semi-metallic screen <NUM>.

The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips 535a-535n. The plurality of electromagnetic strips 535a-535n can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM> or the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> further includes connection portions <NUM> between each of the plurality of electromagnetic strips 535a-535n. The connection portions <NUM> can be electromagnetic and provided such that the electromagnetic strips is connected to another of the electromagnetic strips. For example, by the connection portion 540a, the electromagnetic strip 535a is connected to the electromagnetic strip 535b. Likewise, by the connection portion 540b, the electromagnetic strip 535b is connected to the electromagnetic strip 535c, by the connection portion 540c, the electromagnetic strip 535c is connected to the electromagnetic strip 535d, and by the connection portion 540n, the electromagnetic strip 535d is connected to the electromagnetic strip 535n.

Although illustrated in <FIG> as including five electromagnetic strips 535a-535n and four connection portions 540a-540n, this embodiment should not be construed as limiting and various embodiments are possible. The semi-metallic screen <NUM> can include more or fewer than five electromagnetic strips and four connection portions according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

The semi-metallic screen <NUM> includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips 555a-555n. The plurality of electromagnetic strips 555a-555n can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM> or the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>, respectively. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> include a zig zag pattern where portions of each electromagnetic strip <NUM> are provided at a diagonal offset relative to other portions of the electromagnetic strip <NUM>. The diagonal offset can be measured as any degree between parallel and perpendicular without departing from the present disclosure.

Although described herein as separate embodiments, various combinations can be made between the embodiments described in <FIG>. For example, the switches 528a can be included on any of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM>. As another example, the connection portions <NUM> can be included on any of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM>. As yet another example, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> including the meandering portion <NUM> can include a switch <NUM>, a connection portion <NUM>, or be provided in the zig zag or offset pattern illustrated in <FIG>.

<FIG> and <FIG> illustrate cut-away views of a UE including a semi-metallic screen according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments of the UE shown in <FIG> and <FIG> are for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. As described herein, the UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG> can align the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization by correcting the horizontal polarization of a radiated beam while maintaining the vertical polarization.

The UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG> can be a modified version of the UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG>. For example, the UE <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> and <FIG> includes a transceiver <NUM> that includes the antenna array <NUM>, a display <NUM>, and a cover <NUM>. In various embodiments, the transceiver <NUM> can be the transceiver <NUM>, the display <NUM> can be the display <NUM>, and the cover <NUM> can be the cover <NUM>. Further, the UE <NUM> can include additional elements such as the transmit (TX) processing circuitry <NUM>, a microphone <NUM>, receive (RX) processing circuitry <NUM>, speaker <NUM>, processor <NUM>, input/output (I/O) interface <NUM>, input <NUM>, and one or more sensors <NUM> as described in <FIG>.

The UE <NUM> further includes a plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can form a semi-metallic screen, such as the semi-metallic screen <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM>. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are provided in a manner that the semi-metallic screen is provided parallel to the horizontal wave polarization transmitted from the transceiver <NUM> and perpendicular to the vertical wave polarization transmitted from the transceiver <NUM>. This configuration tilts the horizontal polarization toward the direction of the vertical polarization, without significantly altering the vertical polarization. As a result, the horizontal polarization is aligned with the vertical polarization. By aligning the horizontal polarization with the vertical polarization, both polarizations are transmitted in an expected direction.

Although the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are described herein as provided to tilt the horizontal polarization, this embodiment is for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. Various embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided perpendicular to the horizontal wave polarization transmitted from the transceiver <NUM> and parallel to the vertical wave polarization transmitted from the transceiver <NUM>. This configuration tilts the vertical polarization toward the direction of the horizontal polarization, without significantly altering the horizontal polarization. As a result, the vertical polarization can be aligned with the horizontal polarization.

The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in different configurations within the UE <NUM>. In some embodiments, as shown in <FIG>, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are provided within the transceiver <NUM>. In other embodiments, as shown in <FIG>, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are provided outside of the transceiver <NUM> and embedded, or built into, the cover <NUM>.

The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in the UE <NUM> in various forms. For example, as shown in <FIG>, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in a rectangular form. As shown in <FIG>, the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in a circular form. Although the rectangular plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are shown within the transceiver <NUM> and the circular plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> are shown embedded in the cover <NUM>, these embodiments are shown for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. Rectangular plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided embedded in the cover <NUM> and circular plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be provided in the transceiver <NUM> without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

<FIG> illustrates a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates the UE <NUM> including the display <NUM> and the cover <NUM>. As described herein, the display <NUM> can be provided on the front surface. The display <NUM> can be a touch screen that receives inputs from a user. As also described herein, the cover <NUM> can be provided on a rear surface. In some embodiments, the cover <NUM> can additionally surround the sides of the UE <NUM>. The cover <NUM> can include a curvature <NUM> corresponding to where the side surfaces of the UE <NUM> transition to the rear surface of the UE <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the UE <NUM> includes the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. More particularly, the UE <NUM> includes the electromagnetic strips <NUM> formed with a curved portion that corresponds to the curvature <NUM> of the cover <NUM>. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be embedded in the cover <NUM> as illustrated in <FIG>. In these embodiments, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> replace portions of the cover <NUM>. In other embodiments, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> are added to the cover <NUM> and do not replace any portions of the cover <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>.

<FIG> and <FIG> illustrate a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. <FIG> illustrates the UE <NUM> including the display <NUM> and the cover <NUM>. As described herein, the display <NUM> can be provided on the front surface. The display <NUM> can be a touch screen that receives inputs from a user. As also described herein, the cover <NUM> can be provided on a rear surface. In some embodiments, the cover <NUM> can additionally surround the sides of the UE <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates the UE <NUM> with the addition of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> extend into the cover <NUM> further than as shown in <FIG>. Various embodiments of the present disclosure can provide electromagnetic strips <NUM> that extend more or less into the cover <NUM> depending on the particular transmission requirements of the UE <NUM>.

<FIG> further illustrates spaces <NUM> in the cover <NUM> between each of the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. Although illustrated as including spaces <NUM>, various embodiments are possible. For example, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> provided in the UE <NUM> can be the electromagnetic strips <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrate a plurality of electromagnetic strips according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments of the plurality of electromagnetic strips shown in <FIG> are for illustration only and should not be construed as limiting. As described herein, the electromagnetic strips <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> can be implemented in a UE, such as the UE <NUM>, to align the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization of the UE <NUM> by correcting the horizontal polarization of a radiated beam while maintaining the vertical polarization.

<FIG> illustrates a plurality of electromagnetic strips 905a-905e. The plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> can be the same as the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM> and the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, each of the plurality of electromagnetic strips 905a-905e are the same length.

<FIG> illustrates another embodiment of the plurality of electromagnetic strips <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the plurality of electromagnetic strips 905f-905j are arranged with gradually decreasing lengths. In other words, each of the plurality of electromagnetic strips 905f-905j is shorter than the one preceding it. More specifically, electromagnetic strip <NUM> has a length less than the length of electromagnetic strip 905f. Electromagnetic strip <NUM> has a length less than the length of electromagnetic strip <NUM>. Electromagnetic strip 905i has a length less than the length of electromagnetic strip <NUM>. Electromagnetic strip 905j has a length less than the length of electromagnetic strip 905i.

<FIG> illustrates a method of selectively tilting polarization according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although described herein as being implemented by the UE <NUM>, the method <NUM> illustrated in <FIG> can be implemented by one or more of the UEs <NUM>-<NUM> and a corresponding method can be performed by one or more of the gNBs <NUM>-<NUM> described in <FIG>. Other embodiments can be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In operation <NUM>, a UE, such as the UE <NUM>, transmits signals supporting vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. The UE <NUM> can include a front surface including a display <NUM> and a rear surface including a cover <NUM>. The signals can be transmitted by a transceiver <NUM> that is provided between the cover <NUM> and the display <NUM>.

In operation <NUM>, the UE <NUM> selectively tilts one of the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization. The UE <NUM> can selectively tilt one of the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization by a plurality of electromagnetic strips, such as the electromagnetic strips <NUM>. The electromagnetic strips can be proximate to the cover <NUM>.

In some embodiments, a user equipment (UE) includes a front surface, a rear surface, a transceiver, and a plurality of electromagnetic strips. The front surface includes a display and the rear surface includes a cover. The transceiver is between the display and the cover and is configured to transmit signals supporting vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. The plurality of electromagnetic strips are proximate to the cover and oriented to selectively tilt one of the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization of the signals.

Claim 1:
A user equipment, UE, (<NUM>) comprising:
a front surface including a display (<NUM>);
a rear surface including a cover (<NUM>);
a transceiver (<NUM>) between the cover (<NUM>) and the display (<NUM>), the transceiver (<NUM>) configured to transmit signals supporting vertical polarization and horizontal polarization; and
a plurality of electromagnetic strips (<NUM>) proximate to the cover (<NUM>), the plurality of electromagnetic strips (<NUM>) oriented to selectively tilt one of the horizontal polarization or the vertical polarization of the signals,
wherein the electromagnetic strips (<NUM>) are separated from each other by a space (<NUM>) which is approximately the same width as each of the electromagnetic strips (<NUM>).