Patent Description:
A handheld tool is a device that controls the start and stop of a motor through a start and stop button to transmit the torque of the motor to a drill, a saw, a grinding disc, a hammer and other components through a certain torsion transmission structure, so as to cause the drill, the saw and the rotating disc to rotate, expand and contract back and forth and joggle.

As the variety and functions of handheld tools become more and more abundant, users usually need to purchase handheld tools with corresponding functions to meet certain use needs, which increases the use cost of users. In view of the basically similar driving structures of the handheld tools, a structure appears that can be detachably assembled with different types of tool holders through a driving structure. In the structure, an elastic clamp fixed on the shell is contracted to be embedded into the clamping slot on the tool holder to realize the fixation of the tool holder. During disassembly, the elastic clamp is driven by pushing the button on the shell to expand to exit from the clamping slot on the tool holder so as to remove the restriction on the tool holder, and thus the tool holder can be taken out.

However, in this structure, the elastic clamp needs a greater force to expand to exit from the clamping slot, which requires higher finger strength of the user and is inconvenient for women and other users. In addition, the elastic clamp is a metal wire or metal sheet which is often in line contact with the tool holder, the contact area is small, the tolerance is small, the stability of fixation is relatively weak, and the tool holder has certain vibration when working, which affects the operation.

<CIT> discloses the closest prior art solution, wherein a spindle sleeve is provided for the rotary operation in a tool changing device on a hand-operated machine tool, especially a drill hammer for optional operation with a hammer drill or with another tool. To make rapid tool change possible with a simple design, a locking body, which co-rotates with the spindle sleeve, is mounted in at least one perforation of the spindle sleeve. An adapter, on which the corresponding tool can be fixed, can be axially inserted into the spindle sleeve with a guide surface, and has depressions for the locking bodies for nonrotatable and axially non-displaceable connection to the spindle sleeve. An outer sleeve, which blocks the locking bodies in the depressions in a locking position and radially releases them in its release position, is displaceably arranged on the spindle sleeve.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide a head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool and a multi-functional power tool.

The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:.

A head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, comprising:.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, the outer circumferential surface of the torsion ring is provided with an operating panel.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, the operating panel is integrated or detachably assembled with the torsion ring, and a boss extending from the body shell at least into the arc-shaped hole in the body shell is formed on the outer surface of the operating panel.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, an arc-shaped through hole for installing the head locking piece is formed in the torsion ring, and the sum of the thickness of the outer part of the arc-shaped through hole and the thickness of the head locking piece is consistent with the width of a clamping slot on the head.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, the head locking piece has an arc-shaped hole or an inclined hole, a drive pin which is parallel to the axis of the torsion ring and is located on the torsion ring is inserted into the arc-shaped hole or the inclined hole, and the drive pin drives the head locking piece to move between the first position and the second position during the rotation of the torsion ring.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, guide blocks close to two opposite end faces of the head blocking piece are arranged in the body shell.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, a guide sleeve coaxial with the drive ring is arranged in the body shell, and the head has a guide hole matched with the guide sleeve.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, a fixed plate coaxial with the torsion ring is arranged in the body shell, and the spacing between the fixed plate and the head locking piece is equivalent to the width of the clamping platform.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, an inclined plane leaning from the inner end to the outer side of the outer end is formed on the clamping platform, and the head blocking piece has chamfers matched with the inclined plane.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, the number of the head locking pieces is at least one pair, and the number of the chamfers is four.

Preferably, in the head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, the body shell is provided with a steering switch key, and the socket of the body shell is provided with a steering switch locking piece which can be driven to move in a straight line between a third position and a fourth position.

In the third position, the steering switch locking piece does not restrict the movement of the steering switch key.

In the fourth position, the steering switch locking piece restricts the steering switch key to a forward rotation position or a reverse rotation position, or restricts the steering switch key to a locked position and to movement to only one side.

A multi-functional power tool, comprising any of the above head and body rapid replacing structures of a multi-functional power tool.

The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:
In the solution, the design is exquisite; the rotation of the torsion ring is used to drive the head locking piece to move in a straight line so as to realize the locking and unlocking of the head and the body shell; a rotary unlocking structure is used instead of a pressing structure; compared with the pressing structure, the rotary structure has a small force to be applied by hands to unlock and has easy operation; and the locking of the solution is realized by the surface contact between the head locking piece and the clamping platform of the head, so the locking stability is good, and the vibration in work can be reduced.

In the solution, the structure of driving the head locking piece to move in a straight line is exquisite in design, simple and easy, and the design of the overall position relation of the head, the torsion ring, the head locking piece and the fixed plate can ensure the locking reliability of the head through the restriction on the end faces of the head, the support force for the head is increased, and the vibration of the head is reduced.

In the solution, the guide sleeve, the guide block and the fixed plate are integrated, the head realizes guiding directly through the square hole and the guide sleeve, the overall structure is compact, and the number of parts and components is small, which is easy to realize industrialization and to popularize and apply.

In the solution, by forming matching inclined planes on the head and the head locking piece, it is only necessary to directly insert the head directly during assembly, without the need to turn the torsion ring, which further reduces the difficulty of operation and improves the convenience of use.

In the solution, the structural design of the steering switch key and the steering switch locking piece can effectively meet the function of one-way operation after the assembly of the head, without the need for manual adjustment of the steering of the motor, which effectively avoids the risk of misoperation or forgetting operation.

The purpose, advantages and characteristics of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the non-restrictive description of preferred embodiments below. These embodiments are only typical examples adopting the technical solution of the present invention. Technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted in the description of the solution that terms such as "central", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate direction or position relationships shown based on the drawings, and are only intended to facilitate the description and the simplification of the description rather than to indicate or imply that the indicted device or element must have a specific direction or constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore, shall not be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms such as "first", "second" and "third" are only used for the purpose of description, rather than being understood to indicate or imply relative importance. Moreover, in the description of the solution, with the operator as reference, the direction near the operator is the near end, and the direction away from the operator is the far end.

The head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool disclosed by the present invention is described in combination with the attached drawings, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, comprising a body shell <NUM>, wherein the body shell <NUM> is used to provide installation space and provide holding space required for manual operation, and the shape of the body shell <NUM> can be referenced to the shapes of various existing handheld tools, for example, the shell shape of a gun-shaped drill or the shell shape of a pen-shaped drill. With the gun-shaped drill as an example, the body shell <NUM> can have a structure with an inner cavity and with a socket on one end, which is formed by combining two symmetrical halves (the structure of the left half is only shown in the figure), and comprises a holding part for hand holding and an installation part, wherein an inner cavity which is nearly circular is formed at the installation part, and the socket <NUM> is formed on the front end of the installation part.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the socket <NUM> of the body shell <NUM> is detachably connected with a head <NUM>. When the head <NUM> and the body shell <NUM> are assembled as a whole, a power source (motor) in the body shell <NUM> and a power transmission structure in the head <NUM> can be connected and output the power of the power source to the working head for work so that the power of the power source in the body shell <NUM> can be output through the head <NUM> to realize drilling, hammering, cutting and other operations.

Since the head <NUM> has multiple types according to different functions, such as the head of an electric drill, the head of a reciprocating saw or the head of an electric hammer, the head <NUM> needs to be replaced according to different use needs in actual use. In order to facilitate replacement, a certain rapid replacing structure needs to be arranged between the head <NUM> and the body shell <NUM>. The preferred implementation method of the rapid replacing structure and the principle of rapid replacement will be described in detail below.

First of all, as shown in <FIG>, the shell <NUM> of the head <NUM> with different functions comprises a connector <NUM>, the connector <NUM> comprises a square sleeving part <NUM> and a limiting part <NUM>, the outer contour of the sleeving part <NUM> is preferably square, and the center of the sleeving part <NUM> is a square hole. A clamping platform <NUM> extending from the inner end (one end towards the socket of the body shell during assembly) to the outer end for a certain distance is formed on at least one side wall of the sleeving part <NUM>. Preferably, the clamping platform <NUM> is respectively formed on four side walls, and the outer peripheries of the four clamping platforms <NUM> form a circular contour, so as to avoid interfering with the rotation of the torsion ring <NUM>; and a clamping slot <NUM> is formed between the clamping platform <NUM> and the inner end face of the limiting part <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, when the head <NUM> is required to be locked in the body shell <NUM>, at least one head locking piece <NUM> in the body shell <NUM> can be embedded into the clamping slot <NUM> and fitted to the outer end face (the end face towards the limiting part <NUM>) of the clamping platform <NUM>. At this time, the head locking piece <NUM> blocks the movement of the clamping platform <NUM>, so as to restrict the head <NUM> from moving out of the body shell <NUM>; and when the head <NUM> needs to be moved out, the head locking piece <NUM> is moved out of the clamping slot <NUM> to remove the restriction of the head locking piece <NUM> on the movement of the head <NUM>, and then the head <NUM> can be pulled out from the body shell <NUM>.

The structure that drives the above head locking piece <NUM> to move between different positions to realize the locking and unlocking of the head is shown below. As shown in <FIG>, <FIG> and <FIG>, a torsion ring <NUM> is rotationally arranged in the body shell <NUM>, the axis of the torsion ring <NUM> is at least parallel to that of the socket of the body shell <NUM>, and the torsion ring <NUM> can rotate around the axis relative to the body shell <NUM> under the action of an external force.

As shown in <FIG>, the outer contour of the main body <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> is nearly circular, the center of the torsion ring <NUM> is a circular jack <NUM>, and at least one arc-shaped through hole <NUM> is formed on the outer circumferential surface <NUM>. Preferably, two arc-shaped through holes <NUM> are formed and symmetrically arranged, and the arc length is slightly less than that of the semicircle of the main body <NUM>. Two guide plates <NUM> with the spacing equivalent to the thickness of the torsion ring <NUM> are formed in the inner wall of the body shell <NUM>, and constitute a guide groove to restrict the position of the torsion ring <NUM>. The sum of the thickness of the outer part <NUM> located on the outer side of the arc-shaped through hole <NUM> and the thickness of the head locking piece <NUM> is equivalent to the width of the clamping slot <NUM> so as to effectively restrict the head <NUM>.

In order to facilitate manual operation of the rotation of the torsion ring <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>, an operating panel <NUM> is arranged at the outer circumferential surface <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM>, and the number of the operating panels <NUM> can be one, two or more. As shown in <FIG>, the number of the operating panels is preferably two, and the two operating panels <NUM> are located between the two arc-shaped through holes <NUM>. Each operating panel <NUM> comprises an arc-shaped main body <NUM>, and the arc-shaped main body <NUM> and the outer circumferential surface of the torsion ring <NUM> can be integrated or assembled. When integrated, a strengthening part <NUM> is formed between the arc-shaped main body <NUM> and the torsion ring <NUM>. When assembled, an inserting block or an inserting groove mutually matched is formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped main body or the outer circumferential surface <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> or <FIG>, a boss <NUM> is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped main body <NUM>, and the boss <NUM> is located in the middle part of the arc-shaped main body <NUM> and at least embedded into the arc-shaped hole <NUM> in the body shell <NUM>. The size of the arc-shaped hole <NUM> is smaller than that of the arc-shaped main body <NUM>, and the boss <NUM> can move in the arc-shaped hole <NUM>. When the boss <NUM> is located on one end of the arc-shaped hole <NUM>, the head locking piece <NUM> can lock the head <NUM>. When the boss <NUM> moves to the other end of the arc-shaped hole <NUM>, the head locking piece <NUM> does not lock the head <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, preferably, the surface of the boss <NUM> is approximately flush with the outer surface of the body shell <NUM>, and a row of parallel grooves <NUM> are formed. The grooves <NUM> can increase friction, which facilitates manual operation. Meanwhile, a flange <NUM> located on one end is formed on the surface of the boss <NUM>, and the flange <NUM> protrudes out of the surface of the body shell <NUM> so as to effectively restrict the finger position of the operator and reduce the difficulty of operation.

The torsion ring <NUM> needs to be reset after being driven manually through the operating panels <NUM> to rotate. Therefore, as shown in <FIG>, the torsion ring <NUM> is also connected with an energy storage device <NUM> which drives the torsion ring <NUM> to reset after rotating. The energy storage device <NUM> can deform to store energy when the torsion ring <NUM> is manually rotated. When the external force exerted by hands on the torsion ring <NUM> is removed, the energy storage device <NUM> releases the stored energy to make the torsion ring <NUM> rotate and reset.

The energy storage device <NUM> can be various elastic parts with elastic deformation capacity, for example, a spring, a torsion spring or an elastic piece. With a common spring in the embodiment as an example: as shown in <FIG>, the inner part <NUM> of the arc-shaped through-hole <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> has two notches <NUM> located between the two operating panels <NUM> and spaced. A convex point <NUM> is formed on the side surface of a partition part <NUM> between the two notches <NUM>. One end of the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the convex point <NUM>, and the other end of the spring is fixed on or abutted against a support structure <NUM> in the body shell <NUM>. The support structure <NUM> can be a groove or a convex point.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, at least one head locking piece <NUM> can be arranged on the torsion ring <NUM> by moving in a straight line along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the torsion ring <NUM>. Preferably, the number of the head locking pieces <NUM> is two, and the two head locking pieces <NUM> are symmetrically arranged in the arc-shaped through hole <NUM> between the two operating panels <NUM>. The thickness of the head locking piece <NUM> is equivalent to the width of the arc-shaped through hole <NUM>. The head locking piece <NUM> is generally similar to a cuboid block, and the surface towards the inner wall of the body shell <NUM> is a cambered surface.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, a drive pin <NUM> parallel to the axis of the torsion ring <NUM> is also arranged in the arc-shaped through hole <NUM>, and the driven pin <NUM> passes through an inclined hole or an arc-shaped hole arranged in the head locking piece <NUM>. With an arc-shaped hole <NUM> as an example, the first end <NUM> of the arc-shaped hole <NUM> is close to the cambered surface of the top of the head locking piece, the second end <NUM> is close to the bottom surface of the head locking piece <NUM> opposite to the cambered surface, and the drive pin <NUM> drives the head locking piece <NUM> to move in a straight line between the first position and the second position during the rotation of the torsion ring <NUM>.

In the first position, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the drive pin <NUM> is located on the first end of the arc-shaped hole <NUM>, the head locking piece <NUM> has a blocking part <NUM> which extends into the jack <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> and is located on the movement path of the clamping platform <NUM> of the head <NUM>. The movement path of the clamping platform <NUM> refers to the movement track of the clamping platform <NUM> in the body shell when the head <NUM> is inserted into the body shell through the socket of the body shell <NUM> or pulled out of the socket from the body shell.

As shown in <FIG>, if the head <NUM> is inserted into the jack <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM>, the blocking part <NUM> can be embedded in the clamping slot <NUM> of the head <NUM>, the inner end face of the blocking part <NUM> is fitted to the outer end face of the clamping platform <NUM>, and the outer end face <NUM> of the outer part <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> is close to or is abutted against the inner end face <NUM> of the limiting part <NUM> so that the blocking part <NUM> can restrict the clamping platform <NUM> so as to restrict the head <NUM> in the body shell <NUM>.

When the torsion ring <NUM> rotates clockwise, the drive pin <NUM> is driven to rotate clockwise and move from the first end of the arc-shaped hole <NUM> to the second end. Since the head locking piece <NUM> can only move in a straight line, the head locking piece <NUM> is jacked up to move to the second position during the rotation of the drive pin <NUM>.

In the second position, the head locking piece <NUM> does not have a part located on the movement path of the clamping platform <NUM>. Preferably, the blocking part <NUM> exits from the jack <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> and does not restrict the movement of the clamping platform <NUM> on the head <NUM>.

In order to ensure the linear movement of the head locking piece <NUM>, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, guide blocks <NUM> close to two opposite end faces <NUM> of each head locking piece <NUM> are arranged in the body shell <NUM>. The two end faces <NUM> of the head locking piece <NUM> are flat surfaces parallel to the symmetry axis <NUM> of the body shell <NUM>. The guide blocks <NUM> extend from one side of the two notches <NUM> of the torsion ring <NUM> to the other side, and the end faces of the guide blocks <NUM> towards the head locking piece <NUM> are matched flat surfaces. When the head locking piece <NUM> moves, the two guide blocks <NUM> restrict the direction of the head locking piece <NUM>.

In order to guide the head <NUM> during assembly, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, a guide sleeve <NUM> coaxial with the drive ring <NUM> is arranged in the body shell <NUM>. The guide sleeve <NUM> extends from the inner end of the torsion ring <NUM> into the jack of the torsion ring <NUM>. The outer contour of the guide sleeve <NUM> can have various feasible polygonal shapes, preferably quadrangle, and is matched with the sleeving part <NUM> of the head <NUM> in shape and size. During assembly, the guide sleeve <NUM> is coaxially inserted into the sleeving part <NUM>.

Further, as shown in <FIG>, the guide sleeve <NUM> and the guide blocks <NUM> are located on the same fixed plate <NUM>, the fixed plate <NUM> is fixed in the body shell <NUM> and can also be used for fixing the motor, and a hole for the motor shaft or a spline connected to the motor shaft to pass through is formed in the center of the fixed plate <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the spacing between the outer end face (the end face towards the head locking piece) of the fixed plate <NUM> and the inner end face <NUM> of the head locking piece <NUM> is equivalent to the width of the clamping platform <NUM> so that the clamping platform <NUM> can be effectively restricted between the fixed plate <NUM> and the head locking piece <NUM> to ensure the stability of locking.

During assembly in the above structure, it is necessary to manually drive the torsion ring <NUM> to rotate to make the head locking piece <NUM> not on the movement path of the clamping platform <NUM> of the head <NUM> so that the head <NUM> can be inserted into the body shell <NUM> to realize assembly, which is obviously not convenient for assembly operation.

Therefore, in the preferred mode, as shown in <FIG>, an inclined plane <NUM> leaning from the inner end to the outer side of the outer end is formed on part or all of the clamping platform <NUM> of the head <NUM>, and the head locking piece <NUM> has chamfers matched with the inclined plane <NUM>. Further, the included angle a between the inclined plane <NUM> and the side wall <NUM> where the clamping platform <NUM> is located is greater than the included angle b between an inclined plane <NUM> corresponding to the chamfers and the side wall <NUM>.

Therefore, when the head <NUM> moves into the torsion ring <NUM>, the inclined plane <NUM> is in contact with the inclined plane <NUM> and drives the head locking piece <NUM> to move away from the axis of the torsion ring <NUM>, i.e., the head locking piece <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position, and the torsion ring <NUM> rotates and exerts pressure on the energy storage device <NUM> to make the energy storage device <NUM> deform to store energy.

With the continuous movement of the head <NUM> into the body shell <NUM>, the head locking piece <NUM> moves to the top of the inclined plane <NUM> (with the maximum distance from the side wall <NUM> where the clamping platform <NUM> is located). Then, after moving to the inner side of the head locking piece <NUM>, the clamping platform <NUM> no longer provides support force to the head locking piece <NUM> so that the energy storage device <NUM> releases the stored energy to drive the torsion ring <NUM> to rotate reversely and drive the head locking piece <NUM> to move towards the axis of the torsion ring <NUM>, i.e., the head locking piece <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position. At this time, the head locking piece <NUM> has an overlapping part with the clamping platform <NUM> and is located on the outer side of the clamping platform <NUM> so as to restrict the head <NUM> in the body shell <NUM>.

The solution further discloses a multi-functional power tool, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, comprising the above head and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool. A motor <NUM>, a transmission structure (marked in the figure), a control panel and other conventional power tools are arranged in the body shell <NUM>. The body shell <NUM> is provided with a start key <NUM> protruding out of the body shell <NUM> to control the start and stop of the motor <NUM> and a steering switch key <NUM> with both ends protruding out of the main body of the shell to control the forward and reverse rotation and locking of the motor <NUM>. Generally, when the steering switch key <NUM> is located in the middle position (the locked position), the handheld tool is locked, and the start key <NUM> cannot control the rotation of the motor; when the steering switch key <NUM> is located in the left position (the forward rotation position), the start key <NUM> can control the forward rotation of the motor; and when the steering switch key <NUM> is located in the right position (the reverse rotation position), the start key can control the reverse rotation of the motor. The whole handheld tool can be powered by a known method of being connected to the mains supply through a power line and/or by batteries. The motor <NUM>, the control panel, the start key <NUM>, the steering switch key <NUM> and the power supply structure all have conventional configurations of various handheld tools, which is not the design point of the solution and will not be repeated here.

Further, other structures of conventional handheld tools can also be arranged on or in the body shell <NUM>, such as torque transmission structure, clutch mechanism, torque adjustment mechanism and lighting.

The head <NUM> can be known heads with various functions. A transmission structure that can be connected with the motor <NUM> is arranged in the head <NUM>, so as to transfer the torque of the motor to working heads such as drill, reciprocating saw blade, grinding disc and punch installed on the head <NUM> and to drive the working heads to rotate or reciprocate.

A torque output structure which can be directly or indirectly connected with the motor and transmits torque is arranged in the head <NUM> with different functions, for example, as shown in <FIG>, the rotating shaft of the motor <NUM> is coaxially connected with a spline <NUM>, and an output shaft <NUM> is coaxially and rotationally arranged in the head <NUM>. When the head <NUM> is fixed in the main shell, the spline <NUM> coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor <NUM> is inserted into a spline groove formed at the inner end face of the output shaft <NUM> to realize power transmission. The torque output structure can output the rotational motion of the motor in forms such as reciprocating linear motion or swing motion, and the corresponding structure is the known technology, which is not the design point of the solution and will not be repeated here. Of course, the connecting structure of the torque output structure in the head <NUM> and the motor can also refer to the torque output structures disclosed by the prior art with the application No. of <CIT>, <CIT>, <CIT>and <CIT>.

After the tool holder of part of the head <NUM> such as a polisher and a circular saw is assembled in the body shell <NUM> and is in torsion transmission connection with the motor, the motor is only required to rotate in one direction, and accordingly, a certain steering control mechanism is required to achieve the above purpose.

Specifically, as shown in <FIG>, the steering control mechanism comprises the steering switch key <NUM> arranged on the body shell <NUM>, a steering switch locking piece <NUM> is arranged at the socket of the body shell <NUM> and driven by an elastic part <NUM> to reset after moving, and the steering switch locking piece <NUM> can be driven to move in a straight line between the third position and the fourth position.

In the third position, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> does not restrict the movement of the steering switch key <NUM>.

In the fourth position, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> restricts the steering switch key to a forward rotation position or a reverse rotation position, or restricts the steering switch key <NUM> to a locked position and to movement to only one side.

As shown in <FIG>, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located at the socket of the body shell <NUM> in butt joint with different tool holders, and the body shell <NUM> is provided with a guide structure which guides the steering switch locking piece <NUM>, for example, a group of locating notches or a locating slot arranged in the inner wall of the body shell <NUM> to ensure that the steering switch locking piece <NUM> can reciprocate along the direction parallel to the axis of the torsion ring.

As shown in <FIG>, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> comprises a main plate <NUM> and a blocking part <NUM> located on the bottom surface thereof, the main plate <NUM> comprises a front end plate <NUM> and a back end plate <NUM>, a bending part <NUM> is formed on the end of the back end plate <NUM>, and the blocking part <NUM> has the shape of cylinder or prism, preferably cylinder.

Meanwhile, as shown in <FIG>, the main plate <NUM> is maintained in the third position through the elastic part <NUM> abutted thereagainst, and the elastic part <NUM> can be an elastic element that deforms under pressure and automatically recovers after the pressure is eliminated, for example, a spring, an elastic metal piece or even sponge, preferably a spring. The spring is sleeved on the periphery of the back end plate <NUM>, one end of the spring is abutted against the step surface of the front end of the back end plate <NUM>, and the other end is abutted against a baffle plate <NUM> formed on the inner wall of the body shell <NUM>. Therefore, when the front end of the main plate <NUM> is subjected to an external force, the main plate <NUM> can move into the shell; and when the external force is eliminated, the elastic part <NUM> makes the main plate <NUM> move and reset.

As shown in <FIG>, during the movement of the main plate <NUM>, the blocking part <NUM> thereon restricts the moving range of the steering switch locking piece <NUM> or drives the steering switch locking piece <NUM> to move to a fixed position. Correspondingly, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> has a structure corresponding to the blocking part <NUM>. As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> at least comprises a first baffle plate <NUM> perpendicular to the axis X of the steering switch locking piece <NUM>. When the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located in the middle position, the first baffle plate <NUM> is located on one side (the left side as shown in the figure) of the blocking part <NUM>; when the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located in the first position, i.e., the elastic part <NUM> is in the natural state, the blocking part <NUM> is not in contact with the first baffle plate <NUM> of the steering switch locking piece <NUM> located in the middle position, and the first baffle plate <NUM> is fully misaligned with the blocking part <NUM>, i.e., the blocking part <NUM> is not on the movement path of the first baffle plate <NUM> so that the first baffle plate <NUM> can move freely.

When the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located in the second position, the blocking part <NUM> moves to the movement path of the first baffle plate <NUM> so as to restrict the first baffle plate <NUM> of the steering switch locking piece <NUM> located in the middle position to move from the locked position to one side.

Or during the movement, the blocking part <NUM> drives the first baffle plate <NUM> of the steering switch locking piece <NUM> located in the middle position to move from the middle position to one side and then restrict the first baffle plate <NUM>. At this time, the blocking part <NUM> needs to be provided with a corresponding inclined plane so as to drive the first baffle plate to move during contact with the first baffle plate. Of course, in another embodiment, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the first baffle plate <NUM> can also be connected with an inclined plate <NUM> which deviates from the blocking part <NUM>, and when the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located in the middle position, the inclined plate <NUM> is aligned with the blocking part <NUM> so that the blocking part <NUM> is in contact with the inclined plate <NUM> when moving along the direction parallel to the axis of the torsion ring <NUM> so as to drive the inclined plate <NUM> to finally drive the whole steering switch locking piece <NUM> to move from the middle position to one side with continuous inward sliding.

In addition, when the steering switch locking piece <NUM> is located in the first position, the blocking part <NUM> is not on the movement path of the inclined plate <NUM> so as not to restrict the movement of the inclined plate <NUM>. When moving to the movement path of the inclined plate <NUM>, the blocking part <NUM> can restrict the movement of the whole steering switch locking piece <NUM>. As the blocking part <NUM> further moves into the body shell, the blocking part <NUM> can push the inclined plate <NUM> so as to drive the whole steering switch locking piece <NUM> to move from the middle position to one side. Therefore, the structure can effectively meet the requirements of different tool holders for the corresponding operation, i.e., a choice can be made between two operating states of the steering switch locking piece <NUM> by making the blocking part <NUM> move for different stokes. In one state, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> can move between the middle position and the forward rotation position or move between the middle position and the reverse rotation position; and in the other state, the steering switch locking piece <NUM> only can be located in the forward rotation position or the reverse rotation position.

Further, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the inner end of the first baffle plate <NUM> is connected with a second baffle plate <NUM> perpendicular thereto, the second baffle plate <NUM> restricts the movement stroke of the steering switch locking piece <NUM>, i.e., when the blocking part <NUM> is abutted with the second baffle plate <NUM>, the blocking part <NUM> is restricted so that the whole steering switch locking piece <NUM> cannot continue to move.

Claim 1:
Ahead and body rapid replacing structure of a multi-functional power tool, comprising:
a body shell (<NUM>);
a torsion ring (<NUM>) which is rotationally arranged in the body shell and near a socket of the body shell and of which the axis is at least parallel to that of the socket;
a head (<NUM>) detachably inserted in a jack (<NUM>) of the torsion ring (<NUM>);
an energy storage device (<NUM>) resetting after driving the torsion ring (<NUM>) to rotate; and
head locking pieces (<NUM>);
characterized in that
the head locking pieces (<NUM>) can move in a straight line between a first position and a second position along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the torsion ring (<NUM>) during the rotation of the torsion ring (<NUM>);
in the first position, each head locking piece (<NUM>) has a blocking part which is located on the movement path of a clamping platform of the head (<NUM>) in the jack (<NUM>);
in the second position, each head locking piece (<NUM>) does not have a part located in the movement path of the clamping platform.