Patent Description:
A flow meter, such as a water meter, is a device used to measure the volume or flow rate of a fluid being moved through a piping arrangement. Water meters are typically used to measure the volume of water consumed by residential and commercial buildings that are supplied with water by a public water supply system. Water meters may also be used at the water source or at various locations throughout the water system in order to determine the flows and flow rates delivered through that portion of the system.

There are several types of water meters that are commonly used. Selection of the required water meter is based upon different flow measurement methods, the type of the end user, the required flow rates, as well as upon measurement accuracy requirements. One type of a water meter is an ultrasonic water meter that uses an ultrasonic transducer to send ultrasonic sound waves through the fluid to determine the fluid's velocity and translate the velocity into a measurement of the fluid volume.

<CIT>, discloses an ultrasonic water meter in which the ultrasonic sound wave is directed through a measurement section in a Z-shaped travel path and in which the measurement section has a reduced width but the same cross-sectional area as the ends of the meter. <CIT> discloses another ultrasonic flow meter with a Z-shaped acoustic path and in which the measurement section has a reduced cross-section through the use of an inner sleeve holding two reflectors.

According to one example of the disclosure, an ultrasonic water meter includes a metallic, stainless steel, brass, or bronze outer pipe body having an over-molded inner portion that defines the flow passage and measurement section of the meter or in which a separate inner sleeve made from a polymeric material is inserted and longitudinally secured. The metallic outer pipe body is provided to improve body strength and/or in accordance with operational requirements of the customer or due to code requirements of the local jurisdiction. This arrangement provides a metallic-type ultrasonic water meter for those customers that request it. It also enables all of the acoustic parts to fit within the inner polymer body, whether the inner polymer body is an inner sleeve inserted into the outer metallic pipe body or is over molded onto an interior surface of the outer metallic pipe body. Further, it has been discovered that a metal meter tube and metal piping will negatively affect the acoustic properties of the meter. The arrangement of the inner polymeric part within the outer metallic pipe body minimizes the negative effect on the acoustic properties of the meter resulting from the metallic material of the outer pipe body.

According to another example of the present disclosure, an ultrasonic water meter includes a metallic body and a polymer inner liner. The polymer inner liner may be an insert or may be over molded onto the metallic body. The metallic body provides strength and allows the meter to be used in installations where a metallic body is required. The polymer inner liner provides acoustic properties similar to those of a plastic ultrasonic meter, minimizing the negative effects of metal on acoustic readings taken in the water passageway. In the example having an over-molded inner liner, the water passageway is completely isolated from the metallic body.

According to the invention, an ultrasonic flow meter device is provided. The ultrasonic flow meter device includes a piping arrangement including a tubular body extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end and including a measurement section disposed intermediate the first end and the second end, the tubular body defining a fluid passage extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body from the first end to the second end; at least two ultrasonic transducers disposed on opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis; and at least two reflective elements disposed on the opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis. The piping arrangement includes an outer pipe body made from a metallic material; and an inner sleeve made from a polymeric material, the inner sleeve being disposed within the outer pipe body. The inner sleeve is over molded within the outer pipe body. The inner sleeve defines the measurement section and the fluid passage of the piping arrangement. Each of the at least two reflective elements is disposed on a respective bracket inserted in the fluid passage.

The outer pipe body may include a narrowed portion that defines the measurement section in the over-molded inner sleeve. The metallic material may be stainless steel, brass, or bronze.

According to the invention, a method of manufacturing an ultrasonic flow meter device is provided. The method includes providing an outer pipe body made from a metallic material, the outer pipe body having a hollow interior defining an interior surface; injection molding an inner sleeve made from a polymeric material onto the interior surface of the outer pipe body, wherein the outer pipe body and the inner sleeve form a piping arrangement including a tubular body extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end and including a measurement section disposed intermediate the first end and the second end, the tubular body defining a fluid passage extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body from the first end to the second end; assembling at least two ultrasonic transducers on opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis; assembling at least two reflective elements on the opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, and wherein each of the at least two reflective elements is disposed on a respective bracket inserted in the fluid passage.

The inner sleeve is injection molded onto the interior surface of the outer pipe body so as to form a sealed engagement between the inner sleeve and the outer pipe body. The metallic material may include stainless steel, brass, or bronze.

According to another particular example of the invention, an ultrasonic flow meter device according to claim <NUM> is provided. The ultrasonic flow meter device includes a piping arrangement including a tubular body extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end and including a measurement section disposed intermediate the first end and the second end, the tubular body defining a fluid passage extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body from the first end to the second end; at least two ultrasonic transducers disposed on opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis; and at least two reflective elements disposed on the opposing sides of the tubular body and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis. The piping arrangement includes an outer pipe body made from a metallic material; an inner sleeve made from a polymeric material, the inner sleeve being disposed within the outer pipe body; and a fastener configured to secure the inner sleeve within the outer pipe body. The inner sleeve defines the measurement section and the fluid passage of the piping arrangement. The outer pipe body and the inner sleeve include corresponding apertures that define seats for the at least two ultrasonic transducers and that place the ultrasonic transducers in communication with the measurement section. The outer pipe body includes an aperture and the inner sleeve includes a corresponding recess configured to receive the fastener.

The metallic material may be stainless steel, brass, or bronze. The device may further include a sealing gasket disposed between the outer pipe body and the inner sleeve. The sealing gasket is configured to seal an engagement between an inner surface of the outer pipe body and an exterior surface of the inner sleeve.

These and other features and characteristics of the present invention, as well as the methods of operation and functions of the related elements of structures, and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description and with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only, and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention.

For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial orientation terms, if used, shall relate to the referenced embodiment as it is oriented in the accompanying drawing figures or otherwise described in the following detailed description. However, it is to be understood that the embodiments described hereinafter may assume many alternative variations and embodiments. It is also to be understood that the specific devices illustrated in the accompanying drawing figures and described herein are simply exemplary and should not be considered as limiting.

With reference to <FIG>, an ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> is shown in accordance with an example not part of the claimed invention. The ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM>
may be utilized for a variety of purposes, including for determining a flow rate and/or volume of a liquid, such as water, passing through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> in a piping system. The device <NUM> includes a piping arrangement <NUM> having a tubular body <NUM> extending along a longitudinal axis L from a first end <NUM> to a second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> includes a measurement section <NUM> disposed within the tubular body <NUM> intermediate of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> defines a fluid passage <NUM> extending along the longitudinal axis <NUM>. through the tubular body <NUM> from the first end <NUM> to the second end <NUM>. The device <NUM> also includes two ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis L, disposed on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The device <NUM> further includes two reflective elements 130a, 130b, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis L, disposed on the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. With reference to <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> may include a base <NUM> extending from the lower side of the tubular body <NUM>, which is configured to support the piping arrangement <NUM> on a ground surface. The piping arrangement <NUM> may also include a bracket <NUM> extending from the upper side of the tubular body <NUM>. The bracket <NUM> is configured to support an ancillary device, such as a register <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) or an antenna, on the piping arrangement <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, a plurality of fins <NUM> extend from and around the outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM>. The fins <NUM> may extend around the entire outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM>. The fins <NUM> may also only extend around a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM>. In one aspect, the fins <NUM> may be defined as protruding members extending from the outer surface of the tubular body <NUM>. The fins <NUM> are configured to minimize the expansion of the tubular body <NUM> due to any increases in temperature or pressure in the fluid passage <NUM> through the tubular body <NUM>. The fins <NUM> are also configured to maintain the inner diameter of an interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the two ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b generate and receive, respectively, an ultrasonic sound wave. The two reflective elements 130a, 130b direct the ultrasonic sound wave through the fluid passage <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> from one of the ultrasonic transducers 120a to the other of the ultrasonic transducers 120b in a travel path <NUM> that is substantially Z-shaped.

The ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b are configured to emit an ultrasonic sound wave through the tubular body <NUM> and to receive the ultrasonic sound wave that is emitted. One ultrasonic transducer 120a may be specifically configured as a transmitter to emit the ultrasonic sound wave, while the other 120b may be specifically configured as a sensor or receiver to receive the ultrasonic sound wave. Alternatively, both ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may be configured as transceivers capable of both transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic sound wave. The two reflective elements 130a, 130b are made of a metal material or are coated with a metal or otherwise reflective surface that renders the reflective elements 130a, 130b suitable for reflecting an ultrasonic sound wave.

In particular, as shown in <FIG>, the two ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b are disposed at opposing ends <NUM>, <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. In particular, as shown in <FIG>, the two ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b are disposed in respective recesses <NUM>, <NUM> formed in the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b and the recesses <NUM>, <NUM> are configured such that the transducers 120a, 120b extend into the fluid passage <NUM> by a minimal amount so as to minimize the head loss/disruption of flow through the fluid passage <NUM> caused by the presence of the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. Similarly, the two reflective elements 130a, 130b are also disposed at the opposing ends <NUM>, <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> and on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The reflective elements 130a, 130b are disposed on the tubular body <NUM> opposite to a respective one of the two ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. In particular, the reflective elements 130a, 130b may be substantially aligned with respective ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b such that the entire ultrasonic sound wave emitted from the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may be received by the reflective elements 130a, 130b, thereby providing a more accurate reading of the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave through the tubular body <NUM>.

As such, the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM> includes a first segment <NUM> extending laterally across the measurement section <NUM> from the first ultrasonic transducer 120a to the first reflective element 130a, a second segment <NUM> extending laterally and longitudinally at an angle A with respect to the longitudinal axis L from the first reflective element 130a to the second reflective element 130b, which is disposed on the opposite end <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> and on an opposite side <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> from the first reflective element 130a, and a third segment <NUM> extending laterally across the measurement section <NUM> from the second reflective element 130b to the second ultrasonic transducer 120b. According to the example shown, the angle A of the second segment <NUM> of the travel path <NUM> with respect to the longitudinal axis L is approximately <NUM>°.

This travel path <NUM> is directed in the same direction as the flow of liquid through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>. The travel path <NUM> could be directed in an opposite direction to calculate the flow rate of the reverse backflow of water through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>. In this aspect, the second ultrasonic transducer 120b would emit and direct laterally an ultrasonic sound wave toward the second reflective element 130b. The second reflective element 130b may direct the ultrasonic sound wave at the angle A across the fluid passage <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> toward the first reflective element 130a. The first reflective element 130a may then direct the ultrasonic sound wave laterally toward the first ultrasonic transducer 120a.

It is to be appreciated however, that this angle A may be adjusted based on several factors, including the desired length of the measurement section <NUM>, and, thus, may be of any value known to be suitable to one having ordinary skill in the art. It is also to be appreciated that the exact configuration of the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b and the reflective elements 130a, 130b may be adjusted in order to alter the exact shape of the travel path <NUM>. For instance, the reflective elements 130a, 130b need not be precisely aligned with the respective ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b in the longitudinal direction and may instead be spaced from the transducers 120a, 120b in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, the term "substantially" as used herein is used to encompass slight variations in the shape of the travel path <NUM> including the above-described precise Z-shape. It is also to be appreciated that additional ultrasonic transducers and/or reflective elements may be provided to the extent known to be suitable to one having ordinary skill in the art for achieving the above-described travel path <NUM>.

The amount of time it takes for the ultrasonic sound wave to move through the liquid that flows through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> may be determined using the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. The ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may measure the average time it takes for the ultrasonic sound wave to move through the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The velocity of the liquid flowing through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> may be determined by dividing the measured distance of the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave by the measured transit time between the pulses of ultrasonic sound waves propagating into and against the direction of liquid flow. Using the calculated velocity, the flow rate of the liquid through the measurement section <NUM> may be determined.

The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, shown in <FIG>, may have a high beam or sound wave efficiency due to several reasons regarding the arrangement of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>. Since the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> uses two reflective elements 130a, 130b, instead of three reflective elements, there is minimal acoustic damping of the ultrasonic sound waves through the measurement section <NUM>. During operation of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, the ultrasonic sound wave emitted from the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may experience acoustic damping when directed against a reflective element 130a, 130b. Due to the acoustic damping, the ultrasonic sound wave may become weaker as the ultrasonic sound wave moves along the travel path <NUM>, thereby affecting the measurements of the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. Therefore, the fewer reflective surfaces 130a, 130b that are used, the stronger the ultrasonic sound wave may remain, thereby providing a more accurate reading regarding the time taken to move through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>.

The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> may also have a high beam or sound wave efficiency since the ultrasonic sound wave covers the entire flow section. As shown in <FIG>, the first reflective element 130a directs the ultrasonic sound wave laterally and longitudinally at an angle A toward the second reflective element 130b. Therefore, the entire second segment <NUM> of the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave is directed within a restricted cross section of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>. As shown with angle A in <FIG>, the ultrasonic sound wave is diverted approximately <NUM>° from the longitudinal axis L and the flow direction. In one aspect, the ultrasonic sound wave travels substantially parallel with the flow of water through the tubular body <NUM>. Since the ultrasonic sound wave is offset from the cross flow of the water by this smaller angle, a more accurate and extended measurement of the velocity profile of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section may be obtained by the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. Further, by positioning the second segment <NUM> of the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave along the longitudinal axis L of the fluid passage <NUM> through the middle of the tubular body <NUM>, it ensures that the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b are always wet. To obtain an accurate reading along the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave, the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b and the reflective elements 130a, 130b should remain wet to ensure that the ultrasonic sound wave travels through the same medium throughout the entire travel path <NUM>. It is undesirable to have the ultrasonic sound wave travel through air trapped in the tubular body <NUM>, which may occur on the surfaces of the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b or the reflective elements 130a, 130b. Similarly, the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave is configured to move along the center line of the longitudinal axis L of the tubular body <NUM> so the ultrasonic sound wave does not travel through any air bubbles that are trapped in the piping arrangement <NUM>.

A register <NUM> operatively connected to the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, as shown in <FIG>, may be provided to operate the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b to emit and receive an ultrasonic sound wave. The register <NUM> may incorporate a controller microprocessor configured to transmit commands to the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b to emit and receive an ultrasonic wave. The controller within the register <NUM> may also receive signals from the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b indicating that an ultrasonic sound wave has been transmitted and received. The controller within the register <NUM> may also be programmed to act as means for measuring the speed of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM> and also for calculating the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the piping arrangement <NUM> based on the measured speed of the ultrasonic sound wave. The register <NUM> may also incorporate a power source, such as a battery, for powering the controller and for powering the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may be in communication with a remote register via an antenna mounted on the tubular body <NUM>. The antenna may transmit information to the receiver via a low power radio signal, or via BLUETOOTH® or similar low power communications protocol, or via a Wi-Fi connection. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b may be in communication with the remote register via a capacitive link. In the case that the register is provided remotely, the power source may be incorporated directly in or on the tubular body <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the fluid passage <NUM> includes an inlet <NUM> defined at the first end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and an outlet <NUM> defined at the second end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the fluid passage <NUM> has a first width W1 at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM>, and a second width W2 in the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The first width W1 of the fluid passage <NUM> at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> is larger than the second width W2 of the fluid passage <NUM> through the measurement section <NUM>. In particular, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the fluid passage <NUM> has a circular cross-sectional shape at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM>, and an oval or oblong circular shape in the measurement section <NUM>. The interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> is sloped at the first end <NUM> and the second
end <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> where the fluid passage <NUM> transitions between the oval and oblong circular shapes.

A cross-sectional area of the fluid passage <NUM> is the same throughout the entire length of the tubular body <NUM> along the longitudinal axis L, including at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> and through the measurement section <NUM>. The reduction in width of the fluid passage <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM> allows for a more uniform flow of liquid through the measurement section <NUM> and alleviates swirling and eddying of the flow through the measurement section <NUM>, which may disrupt transmission of the ultrasonic sound wave. The cross-sectional area of the fluid passage <NUM> is maintained along its entire longitudinal length, including through the measurement section <NUM>, in order to avoid changing the flow rate of the liquid (speeding up and slowing down) as the liquid enters and leaves the measurement section <NUM>.

In particular, the measurement section <NUM> is configured to create an elliptical flow of liquid through the tubular body <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM>. The elliptical liquid flow may move from the top of the tubular body <NUM> to the bottom of the tubular body <NUM>, instead of side to side in the tubular body <NUM>. The cross section of the fluid passage <NUM> through the measurement section <NUM> broadens laterally between the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The elliptical water flow provides a more accurate measurement of the time it takes for the ultrasonic sound wave to travel through the measurement section <NUM> because a substantial amount of the water flow is moving along the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave. During operation of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, the liquid flow may become turbulent moving through the tubular body <NUM>. Due to this turbulence in the water, air bubbles may be created, which float to the top of the tubular body <NUM>. By using an elliptical water flow, however, any bubbles created by turbulent flow of the water may be directed to the top of the tubular body <NUM>, instead of the sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> that hold the reflective elements 130a, 130b and ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b.

With reference to <FIG> and <FIG>, the two reflective elements 130a, 130b are each disposed on a respective bracket <NUM> inserted into the fluid passage <NUM> from a respective end <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. Each bracket <NUM> is removably inserted in a respective slot <NUM>, <NUM> defined in the interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and extending along the longitudinal axis L from a respective one of the first end <NUM> and second end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> to the measurement section <NUM>. Each bracket <NUM> includes a body portion <NUM> that is slidable into the respective slots <NUM>, <NUM> and an inclined portion <NUM> that holds one of the reflective elements 130a, 130b such that the reflective elements 130a, 130b may extend into the fluid passage <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>.

The reflective elements 130a, 130b do not extend so far into the fluid passage <NUM> as to block the fluid passage <NUM>. The reflective elements 130a, 130b are suitably arranged and positioned so as to minimize the area of the fluid passage <NUM> that is blocked by the reflective elements 130a, 130b. By minimizing the area of the fluid passage <NUM> that is blocked by the reflective elements 130a, 130b, a more uniform flow of fluid may pass through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>.

The inclined portion <NUM> of each bracket <NUM> defines an inclined surface <NUM> that holds the respective reflective element 130a, 130b at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis L that is appropriate for directing the ultrasonic sound beam along the substantially Z-shaped travel path <NUM>, as discussed above. The respective reflective element 130a, 130b is assembled on the bracket <NUM> by sliding the reflective element 130a, 130b through a slot <NUM> defined in the bottom of the body portion <NUM><NUM> of the bracket <NUM> at the base of the inclined portion <NUM> leading to the inclined surface <NUM>. Alternatively, the reflective elements 130a, 130b may be secured to the respective inclined surface <NUM> by an adhesive or may be molded into the respective bracket <NUM>.

The inclined portion <NUM> of each bracket <NUM> also defines an opposing inclined surface <NUM> that is angled and shaped to minimize the head loss created by the inclined portion <NUM> extending into the fluid passage <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. In particular, the opposing inclined surface <NUM> of the bracket <NUM> is configured to minimize the area of the fluid passage <NUM> that is blocked and to maintain a more uniform flow through the fluid passage <NUM>.

Each bracket <NUM> is held in place within the respective slot <NUM>, <NUM> by forming a friction fit with the slot <NUM>, <NUM> to allow for easy installation and removal of the brackets <NUM> from the tubular body <NUM>. End rings <NUM> are also inserted into each of the ends <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> to assist in retaining the brackets <NUM> in place in the tubular body <NUM>. The interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> is partially recessed at the ends <NUM>, <NUM> in order to form a shoulder within the internal diameter of the tubular body <NUM> at each of the ends <NUM>, <NUM> for receiving the end rings <NUM>. It is to be appreciated that the reflective elements 130a, 130b may be assembled into the piping arrangement <NUM> via other techniques, such as being inserted through slots in the tubular body <NUM> or by being assembled onto bodies inserted into recesses defined in the tubular body <NUM>, or according to any other assembly technique found to be suitable by those having ordinary skill in the art.

With reference to <FIG> and <FIG>, an ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> is shown in accordance with another example not part of the claimed invention. The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, shown in <FIG> and
<NUM>, is substantially similar to the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> except as to certain aspects, which will be discussed in additional detail below. Accordingly, the above-discussed aspects of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> shown in <FIG> should be considered as being applicable to the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, and vice versa, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

As shown in <FIG>, the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> includes a piping arrangement <NUM> having a tubular body <NUM> extending along a longitudinal axis L from a first end <NUM> to a second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> includes a measurement section <NUM> disposed within the tubular body <NUM> intermediate of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> defines a fluid passage <NUM> extending along the longitudinal axis L through the tubular body <NUM> from the first end <NUM> to the second end <NUM>. The device <NUM> also includes two ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis L, disposed on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The device <NUM> further includes two reflective elements 230a, 230b, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis L, disposed on the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. With reference to <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> may include a base <NUM> extending from the lower side of the tubular body <NUM>, which is configured to support the piping arrangement <NUM> on a ground surface. A plurality of fins <NUM> for strength and rigidity extend from and around the outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM>. The piping arrangement <NUM> may also include a bracket <NUM> extending from the upper side of the tubular body <NUM>. The bracket <NUM> is configured to support an ancillary device, such as a register <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) or an antenna, on the piping arrangement <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the two ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b generate and receive, respectively, an ultrasonic sound wave. The two reflective elements 230a, 230b direct the ultrasonic sound wave through the fluid passage <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> from one of the ultrasonic transducers 220a to the other of the ultrasonic transducers 220b in a travel path <NUM> that is substantially Z-shaped.

In particular, the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b are configured to emit an ultrasonic sound wave through the tubular body <NUM> and to receive the ultrasonic sound wave that is emitted. One ultrasonic transducer 220a may be specifically configured as a transmitter to emit the ultrasonic sound wave, while the other 220b may be specifically configured as a sensor or receiver to receive the ultrasonic sound wave. Alternatively, both ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b may be configured as transceivers capable of both transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic sound wave. The two reflective elements 230a, 230b are made of a metal material or are coated with a metal or otherwise reflective surface that renders the reflective elements 230a, 230b suitable for reflecting an ultrasonic sound wave.

In particular, as shown in <FIG>, the two ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b are disposed at opposing ends <NUM>, <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. In particular, the two ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b are disposed in respective recesses <NUM>, <NUM> formed in the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The two ultrasonic transducers may be retained in the respective recesses <NUM>, <NUM> by bands <NUM> extending around the outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM> over the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>. The bands <NUM> may also serve to protect the transducers 220a, 220b from environmental wear and damage.

The two reflective elements 230a, 230b are also disposed at the opposing ends <NUM>, <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> and on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The reflective elements 230a, 230b are disposed on the tubular body <NUM> opposite to a respective one of the two ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b. In particular, the reflective elements 230a, 230b may be substantially aligned with respective ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b such that the entire ultrasonic sound wave emitted from the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b may be received by the reflective elements 230a, 230b, thereby providing a more accurate reading of the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave through the tubular body <NUM>.

As such, the travel path <NUM> of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM> includes a first segment <NUM> extending laterally across the measurement section <NUM> from the first ultrasonic transducer 220a to the first reflective element 230a, a second segment <NUM> extending laterally and longitudinally at an angle A with respect to the longitudinal axis L from the first reflective element 230a to the second reflective element 230b, which is disposed on the opposite end <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> and on an opposite side <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> from the first reflective element 230a, and a third segment <NUM> extending laterally across the measurement section <NUM> from the second reflective element 230b to the second ultrasonic transducer 220b. According to the example shown, the angle A of the second segment <NUM> of the travel path <NUM> with respect to the longitudinal axis L. is approximately <NUM>°.

A register <NUM> operatively connected to the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b, as shown in <FIG>, may be provided to operate the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b to emit and receive an ultrasonic sound wave. The register <NUM> may incorporate a controller microprocessor configured to transmit commands to the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b to emit and receive an ultrasonic wave. The controller within the register <NUM> may also receive signals from the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b indicating that an ultrasonic sound wave has been transmitted and received. The controller within the register <NUM> may also be programmed to act as means for measuring the speed of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM> and also for calculating the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the piping arrangement <NUM> based on the measured speed of the ultrasonic sound wave. The register <NUM> may also incorporate a power source, such as a battery, for powering the controller and for powering the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b may be in communication with a remote register via an antenna mounted on the tubular body <NUM>. The antenna may transmit information to the receiver via a low power radio signal, or via BLUETOOTH® or similar low power communications protocol, or via a Wi-Fi connection. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b may be in communication with the remote register via a capacitive link. In the case that the register is provided remotely, the power source may be incorporated directly in or on the tubular body <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the fluid passage <NUM> includes an inlet <NUM> defined at the first end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and an outlet <NUM> defined at the second end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. As discussed above with respect to the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, the fluid passage <NUM> has a first width at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM>, and a second width in the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The first width of the fluid passage <NUM> at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> is larger than the second width of the fluid passage <NUM> through the measurement section <NUM>. In particular, the fluid passage <NUM> has a circular cross-sectional shape at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM>, and an oval or oblong circular shape in the measurement section <NUM>. An interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> is sloped at the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM> of the measurement section <NUM> where the fluid passage <NUM> transitions between the oval and oblong circular shapes.

A cross-sectional area of the fluid passage <NUM> is the same throughout the entire length of the tubular body <NUM> along the longitudinal axis L, including at the inlet <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> and through the measurement section <NUM>. The reduction in width of the fluid passage <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM> allows for a more uniform flow of liquid through the measurement section <NUM> and alleviates swirling and eddying of the flow through the measurement section, which may disrupt transmission of the ultrasonic sound wave. The cross-sectional area of the fluid passage <NUM> is maintained along its entire longitudinal length, including through the measurement section <NUM>, in order to avoid changing the flow rate of the liquid (speeding up and slowing down) as the liquid enters and leaves the measurement section <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, a strainer element <NUM> may be provided at the inlet <NUM> of the fluid passage <NUM> and disposed within a shoulder defined in the interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> at the first end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. The strainer element <NUM> is provided at the inlet <NUM> in order to prevent larger debris carried in the flow of liquid, such as rocks or gravel, from passing through the tubular body <NUM> to the measurement section <NUM> where the debris might damage the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b or the reflective elements 230a, 230b.

With reference to <FIG>, the two reflective elements 230a, 230b are each disposed on a respective bracket <NUM> inserted into the fluid passage <NUM> from a respective end <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. Each bracket <NUM> is removably inserted in a respective slot <NUM>, <NUM> defined in the interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and extending along the longitudinal axis L from a respective one of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> to the measurement section <NUM>. Each bracket <NUM> includes a body portion <NUM> that is slidable into the respective slots <NUM>, <NUM> and an inclined portion <NUM> that holds one of the reflective elements 230a, 230b such that the reflective elements 230a, 230b may extend into the fluid passage <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the inclined portion <NUM> of the bracket <NUM> defines an inclined surface <NUM> that holds a reflective element <NUM> at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis L that is appropriate for directing the ultrasonic sound beam along the substantially Z-shaped travel path <NUM>, as discussed above. The reflective element <NUM> is molded into the inclined portion <NUM> of the bracket <NUM>. To that end, the reflective element <NUM> may include a plurality of tabs <NUM>, shown in <FIG>, for forming a positive engagement between the reflective element <NUM> and the bracket <NUM> as the bracket <NUM> is molded around the reflective element <NUM>. Additionally, as shown in <FIG>, the reflective element <NUM> is symmetric in order to simplify the process of molding to the bracket <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the inclined portion <NUM> of the bracket <NUM> also defines an opposing inclined surface <NUM> that is angled and shaped to minimize the head loss created by the inclined portion <NUM> extending into the fluid passage <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. In particular, the opposing inclined surface <NUM> of the bracket <NUM> is configured to minimize the area of the fluid passage <NUM> that is blocked and maintain a more uniform flow through the fluid passage <NUM>.

With reference to <FIG>, each bracket <NUM> is held in place within the respective slot <NUM>, <NUM> by forming a friction fit with the slot <NUM>, <NUM> to allow for easy installation and removal of the brackets <NUM> from the tubular body <NUM>. Additionally, each bracket <NUM> includes a plurality of protrusions <NUM> on the sides of the body <NUM> of the bracket <NUM> and at the end of the body <NUM>. The protrusions <NUM> of the brackets <NUM> slide into corresponding recesses (not shown) formed with the slots <NUM>, <NUM> in the interior surface <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and engage the recesses to retain the brackets <NUM> within the slots <NUM>, <NUM>.

According to one example of the disclosure, the piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM> is made from a plastic material. In particular, the piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM> may be made from an injected fiber thermoplastic, such as Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) or Polyphthalamide (PPA). The piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM> may also be made from Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) piping. The piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM> may be a unitary molded polymeric glass, such as fiberglass. The piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM> may be a portion of a larger piping network configured to provide water to residential or commercial buildings. The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> may be a modular unit that is installed into pre-existing piping arrangements.

The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> has a high structural stability that assists in creating an even flow of water through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM>. The ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> also provides a highly accurate measurement of the velocity of the water flow through the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM>. This highly accurate measurement allows for a highly accurate calculation of the flow rate of the liquid through the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM>. Further, the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> experiences a lower head loss in the water flow through the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM>, which creates a more stable flow of water through the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM>. A more stable flow of liquid allows the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> to obtain a more accurate measurement of the velocity of liquid flow, which would be made more difficult with more turbulence in the stream of liquid. The head loss of the liquid flow is reduced in the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> by minimizing the distance that the reflective elements 130a, 130b, 230a, 230b extend into the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM>. By reducing the portion of the reflective elements 130a, 130b, 230a, 230b that is exposed in the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM>, the obstructions in the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM> that could create a head loss in the liquid flow are also reduced. Further, by reducing the portion of the reflective elements 130a, 130b, 230a, 230b that is exposed in the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM>, an operator of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> is capable of seeing through the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM> from the inlet <NUM>, <NUM> to the outlet <NUM>, <NUM>. Since there are minimal obstructions in the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM>, the operator may look through the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM> from end to end for inspection or maintenance of the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM>.

With reference to <FIG>, a method of assembling an ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> according to an example of the disclosure includes removably inserting the brackets <NUM>, <NUM> carrying the reflective elements 130a, 130b, 230a, 230b into the slots <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> formed in the interior surface <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM>. End rings <NUM> may be inserted in the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> to retain the brackets <NUM> in the slots <NUM>, <NUM>. The ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b are inserted into the respective recesses <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> defined in the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular
body <NUM>, <NUM>. Bands <NUM> may then be placed about the outer circumferential surface of the tubular body <NUM> to retain the ultrasonic transducers 220a, 220b in place. The tubular body <NUM>, <NUM> may then be installed in a larger piping system (not shown).

With further reference to <FIG>, a method of measuring a flow rate of a liquid through a flow meter device <NUM>, <NUM> includes providing a flow meter device <NUM>, <NUM> as described above with reference to either <FIG> or <FIG>. The method further includes creating a flow of liquid through the piping arrangement <NUM>, <NUM>; generating an ultrasonic sound wave with one of the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 220a; directing the ultrasonic sound wave with the reflective elements 130a, 130b, 230a, 230b along a travel path <NUM>, <NUM> through the fluid passage <NUM>, <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>, <NUM> from the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 220a generating the ultrasonic sound wave to the other ultrasonic transducers 120b, 220b, the travel path <NUM>, <NUM> being substantially Z-shaped; receiving the ultrasonic sound wave at the other ultrasonic transducers 120b, 220b; measuring a speed of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM>, <NUM>; and calculating the flow rate of the liquid based on the measured speed of the ultrasonic sound wave. According to one example of the disclosure, the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b are in communication with a register <NUM>, <NUM>, which includes a controller microprocessor that commands the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b to transmit the ultrasonic sound wave and receives data from the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b to measure the speed of the ultrasonic sound wave through the measurement section <NUM>, <NUM> and to calculate the flow rate of the liquid through the measurement section <NUM>, <NUM> based on the measured speed. According to this example, the controller microprocessor acts as the means for measuring the speed and calculating the flow rate of the liquid.

Certain installations of an ultrasonic flow meter device require that the device have a greater material strength or durability than can be provided with a purely thermoplastic construction and thus necessitate that the device be provided with a metal construction. Also, the local codes and laws of certain jurisdictions require that installed water meters have a metal construction. Accordingly, a purely thermoplastic ultrasonic flow meter device is not a solution for all consumers. However, it has been observed that metal material negatively affects the acoustic properties of an ultrasonic flow meter, which interferes with the accurate measurement of flow in an ultrasonic flow meter device. According to the example of <FIG> of the present disclosure, an ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM>, <NUM> is provided that includes a metal outer construction to meet demands of material strength and/or local code and a polymeric/thermoplastic inner construction that provides for improved acoustic properties for transmitting an ultrasonic wave through the meter device in comparison to a purely metal construction.

With reference to <FIG>, an ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> is shown in accordance with an example not part of the claimed invention. The ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM>
shown in <FIG> is substantially similar to the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> except as to certain aspects, which will be discussed in additional detail below. The device <NUM> includes a piping arrangement <NUM> having a tubular body <NUM> extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end <NUM> to a second end <NUM>. An inlet <NUM> of the piping arrangement <NUM> is formed at the first end <NUM> and an outlet <NUM> is formed at the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> includes a measurement section <NUM> disposed within the tubular body <NUM> intermediate of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> defines a fluid passage <NUM> extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body <NUM> from the first end <NUM> to the second end <NUM>.

The device <NUM> also includes two ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM>, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, disposed on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. According to one example, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> of the device <NUM> are the same as the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b discussed above with reference to the examples of <FIG>. The device <NUM> further includes two reflective elements (not shown in
<FIG>), which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, disposed on the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. According to one example, the reflective elements provided with the device <NUM> are the same as the reflective elements <NUM> discussed above with reference to the example of <FIG>.

With reference to <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> of the device <NUM> includes an outer pipe body <NUM> made from a metal material. The outer pipe body <NUM> is a round or cylindrical pipe having an exterior <NUM> and an interior surface <NUM> that defines an interior diameter ID, as shown in <FIG>. According to an example of the present disclosure, the metal material is stainless steel, brass, or bronze, though it is to be appreciated that any suitable metal material, such as iron or aluminum. , may be used to form the outer pipe body <NUM>. As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> also includes an inner sleeve <NUM> made from a polymeric material. The inner sleeve <NUM> is disposed within the outer pipe body <NUM>. The inner sleeve <NUM> has an exterior surface <NUM> defining an outer diameter OD and an interior surface <NUM>. The piping arrangement <NUM> further includes a fastener <NUM> provided to longitudinally secure the inner sleeve <NUM> within the outer pipe body <NUM>. The inner sleeve <NUM> defines the measurement section <NUM> and the fluid passage <NUM> of the piping arrangement <NUM> such that negative effects of the metal material of the outer pipe body <NUM> on the transmission of the ultrasonic wave between the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> is minimized, if not eliminated.

As shown in <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> may also include an outer part <NUM> disposed around a central portion of an exterior <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>. The outer part <NUM> may be formed from a suitable material and includes a base <NUM> extending from the lower side of the tubular body <NUM>, which is configured to support the piping arrangement <NUM> on a ground surface. The outer part <NUM> may also include a bracket <NUM> extending from the upper side of the tubular body <NUM>. The bracket <NUM> is configured to support an ancillary device, such as a register or antenna (not shown), on the piping arrangement <NUM>.

As discussed above with reference to the examples of <FIG>, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> and the reflective elements are arranged within the piping arrangement <NUM> to direct an ultrasonic sound wave through the fluid passage <NUM> in the measurement section <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> from one of the ultrasonic transducers <NUM> to the other of the ultrasonic transducers <NUM> in a travel path that is substantially Z-shaped.

As shown in <FIG> and as discussed above with reference to the examples of <FIG>, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are disposed at opposing ends of the measurement section <NUM> on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the outer pipe body <NUM> includes bands <NUM>, <NUM> surrounding the exterior <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>. Each of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> includes a respective recess/aperture <NUM>, <NUM> defined therein for receiving the transducers <NUM>, <NUM> therein for supporting the transducers <NUM>, <NUM> on the piping arrangement <NUM>. The inner sleeve <NUM> includes corresponding apertures <NUM>, <NUM> extending through the inner sleeve <NUM> (see <FIG>). Each aperture <NUM>, <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> aligns with a respective recess/aperture <NUM>, <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>. The respective recess/aperture <NUM>, <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> and apertures of the inner sleeve <NUM> define seats for the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> and place the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> in communication with the measurement section <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the inner sleeve <NUM> includes a first slot <NUM> and a second slot <NUM> defined in the interior surface <NUM>. The first and second slots <NUM>, <NUM> are similar to the slots <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to the example of <FIG> and are configured to receive the brackets <NUM> supporting the reflective elements <NUM> within the fluid passage <NUM> at the ends of the measurement section <NUM>.

According to an example of the present disclosure, the transducers <NUM>, <NUM>, reflective elements, and the measurement section <NUM> of the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> are arranged and configured to direct flow and transmit a Z-shaped ultrasonic wave in the same manner as the corresponding components of the ultrasonic flow meter devices <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> such that the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> operates and measures flow in the same manner as the ultrasonic flow meter devices <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG>. According to this example, the measurement section <NUM> has the same shape and configuration as the measurement sections <NUM>, <NUM> of the above-discussed devices <NUM>, <NUM>. Also according to this example, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to communicate with a register (not shown) for measuring flow through the device <NUM> and transmitting measurement information to a utility, as discussed in detail above.

With reference to <FIG>, the device <NUM> is assembled by inserting the inner sleeve <NUM> into the outer pipe body <NUM>. The inner sleeve <NUM> includes a recess <NUM> defined in the exterior surface <NUM> that aligns with a recess/aperture <NUM> formed in the outer pipe body <NUM>. The recess/aperture <NUM> in the outer pipe body <NUM> and the recess <NUM> in the inner sleeve <NUM> receive the fastener <NUM>, which longitudinally secures the inner sleeve <NUM> within the outer pipe body <NUM>. A sealing member or gasket <NUM> is disposed on the fastener <NUM> to seal the engagement between the fastener <NUM> and the outer pipe body <NUM> to minimize leakage through the recess/aperture <NUM>. The assembly of the fastener <NUM> within the recess/aperture <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> and the recess <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> also aligns the recesses/apertures <NUM>, <NUM> in the outer pipe body <NUM> with the respective apertures <NUM>, <NUM> in the inner sleeve <NUM> to allow for the transducers <NUM>, <NUM> to be assembled on the piping arrangement <NUM> in communication with the measurement section <NUM>, as discussed above. As shown in <FIG>, and <FIG>, the outer part <NUM> is assembled on the outer pipe body <NUM> over the fastener <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the outer diameter OD of the exterior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> is chosen so as to provide as close a fit with the interior diameter ID of the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> as possible while still allowing the inner sleeve <NUM> to be inserted into the outer pipe body <NUM> in order to minimize leakage between the inner sleeve <NUM> and the outer pipe body <NUM>. A circumferential groove <NUM> is defined in the exterior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM>. The groove <NUM> receives a sealing member or gasket <NUM> therein. When the inner sleeve <NUM> is inserted into the outer pipe body <NUM>, the gasket <NUM> is engaged between the exterior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> and the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> in order to seal the engagement between the exterior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve and the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> and further minimize leakage between the inner sleeve <NUM> and the outer pipe body <NUM>. Also, as shown in <FIG>, the inner sleeve <NUM> may be formed with a plurality of fins <NUM> arranged in a grid pattern on the exterior surface <NUM> at the measurement section <NUM>. The fins <NUM> are provided to structurally reinforce the inner sleeve <NUM> at the measurement section <NUM> and conform the outer dimension of the inner sleeve <NUM> at the measurement section <NUM> to the outer diameter OD for purposes of assembly of the inner sleeve <NUM> within the outer pipe body <NUM>.

With reference to <FIG>, an ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> is shown in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. The ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> shown in <FIG> is substantially similar to the ultrasonic flow meter <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> except as to certain aspects, which will be discussed in additional detail below. The device <NUM> includes a piping arrangement <NUM> having a tubular body <NUM> extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end <NUM> to a second end <NUM>. An inlet <NUM> of the piping arrangement <NUM> is formed at the first end <NUM>, and an outlet <NUM> is formed at the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> includes a measurement section <NUM> disposed within the tubular body <NUM> intermediate of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> defines a fluid passage <NUM> extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body <NUM> from the first end <NUM> to the second end <NUM>.

The device <NUM> also includes two ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM>, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, disposed on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. According to one example, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> of the device <NUM> are the same as the ultrasonic transducers 120a, 120b, 220a, 220b discussed above with reference to the examples of <FIG>. The device <NUM> further includes two reflective elements (not shown in <FIG>), which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, disposed on the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. According to one example, the reflective elements provided within the device <NUM> are the same as the reflective elements <NUM> discussed above with reference to the example of <FIG>.

With reference to <FIG>, the piping arrangement <NUM> of the device <NUM> includes an outer pipe body <NUM> made from a metal material. The outer pipe body <NUM> is a round or cylindrical pipe formed with a narrowed oval-shaped portion <NUM> at the location of the measurement section <NUM> within the tubular body <NUM>. The outer pipe body <NUM> has an exterior <NUM> and an interior surface <NUM>. According to an example of the present disclosure, the metal material is stainless steel, brass, or bronze, though it is to be appreciated that any suitable metal material, such as iron or aluminum, may be used to form the outer pipe body <NUM>. The piping arrangement <NUM> also includes an inner sleeve <NUM> made from a polymeric material. The inner sleeve <NUM> is disposed within the outer pipe body <NUM>. In particular, the inner sleeve <NUM> is over molded onto the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> via an injection molding process. The inner sleeve <NUM> is molded with an interior surface <NUM> that defines the measurement section <NUM> and the fluid passage <NUM> of the piping arrangement <NUM> such that the negative effects of the metal material of the outer pipe body <NUM> on the transmission of the ultrasonic wave between the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> is minimized, if not eliminated. Although not shown, it is to be appreciated that the device <NUM> may further include an outer part similar to the outer part <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> assembled on the exterior <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and as discussed above with reference to the examples of <FIG>, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are disposed at opposing ends of the measurement section <NUM> on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the outer pipe body <NUM> includes bands <NUM>, <NUM> surrounding the exterior <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>. Each of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> includes a respective aperture <NUM>, <NUM> defined therein for receiving the transducers <NUM>, <NUM> therein for supporting the transducers <NUM>, <NUM> on the piping arrangement <NUM>. As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, during the injection molding process, the inner sleeve <NUM> is formed within the outer pipe body <NUM> to define
recesses/apertures <NUM>, <NUM> that extend upwardly into respective apertures <NUM>, <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> to define seats for the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> and place the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> in communication with the measurement section <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the inner sleeve <NUM> is formed with a first slot <NUM> and a second slot <NUM> defined in the interior surface <NUM>. The first and second slots <NUM>, <NUM> are similar to the slots <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to the example of <FIG> and are configured to receive the brackets <NUM> supporting the reflective elements <NUM> within the fluid passage <NUM> at the ends of the measurement section <NUM>.

According to an example of the present disclosure, the transducers <NUM>, <NUM>, reflective elements, and die measurement section <NUM> of the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> are arranged and configured to direct flow and transmit a Z-shaped ultrasonic wave in the same manner as the corresponding components of the ultrasonic flow meter devices <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG> such that the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> operates and measures flow in the same manner as the ultrasonic flow meter devices <NUM>, <NUM> discussed above with reference to <FIG>. According to this example, the measurement section <NUM> has the same shape and configuration as the measurement sections <NUM>, <NUM> of the above-discussed devices <NUM>, <NUM>. Also according to this example, the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are configured to communicate with a register (not shown) for measuring flow through the device <NUM> and transmitting measurement information to a utility, as discussed in detail above.

With reference to <FIG>, a process for manufacturing the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> is provided in accordance with an example of the present disclosure. The outer pipe body <NUM> made from the metallic material is provided. The outer pipe body <NUM> has a hollow interior that defines an interior surface <NUM>. The outer pipe body <NUM> is placed within an injection molding machine and an inner sleeve <NUM> made from a polymeric material is injection molded onto the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM>. The outer pipe body <NUM> and the inner over-molded sleeve <NUM> form a piping arrangement <NUM> that includes a tubular body <NUM> extending along a longitudinal axis from a first end <NUM> to a second end <NUM> and a measurement section <NUM> disposed intermediate of the first end <NUM> and the second end <NUM>. The tubular body <NUM> defines a fluid passage <NUM> extending along the longitudinal axis through the tubular body <NUM> from the first end <NUM> to the second end <NUM>.

In particular, the outer pipe body <NUM> is shaped to provide definition to the fluid passage <NUM> and the measurement section <NUM>. To that end, the outer pipe body <NUM> is formed with a central narrowed, oval-shaped portion <NUM> at the location of the measurement section <NUM>. During the injection molding process, the polymeric material of the inner sleeve <NUM> is molded onto the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> to coat the interior surface <NUM> such that the inner sleeve <NUM> takes on a shape corresponding to the shape of the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> including the formation of the fluid passage <NUM>, the measurement
section <NUM>, and the recesses/apertures <NUM>, <NUM> for the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM>. The first and second slots <NUM>, <NUM> are also formed in the interior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> during the injection molding process. It is to be appreciated that during the injection molding process, the polymeric material at the exterior surface <NUM> of the inner sleeve <NUM> becomes adhered to or bonds with the material at the interior surface <NUM> of the outer pipe body <NUM> so as to completely seal the engagement between the inner sleeve <NUM> and the outer pipe body <NUM>.

After completion of the injection molding process, the at least two ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are assembled on opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis, and at least two reflective elements (not shown in <FIG>) are assembled on the opposing sides <NUM>, <NUM> of the tubular body <NUM> and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis.

It is to be appreciated that <FIG> are provided for illustrative purposes only to provide details of the shape features of the inner sleeve <NUM> by itself. However, the inner sleeve <NUM> is only formed within the outer pipe body <NUM> and is not made as a separate component from the outer pipe body <NUM>. It is to be appreciated that the specific parameters of the injection molding process for over molding the inner sleeve <NUM> within the outer pipe body <NUM> may be selected as being most suitable according those having ordinary skill in the art to form the piping arrangement <NUM> according to the correct specifications and within tolerances.

With reference to <FIG>, an alternative piping arrangement <NUM> for use in connection with the ultrasonic flow meter device <NUM> described above in connection with <FIG> is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. The piping arrangement <NUM> includes a tubular body <NUM> formed from an outer metal pipe <NUM> and an inner sleeve constructed in accordance with the principles discussed above with reference to the tubular body <NUM> described in connection with <FIG>. The outer metal pipe <NUM> includes
bands <NUM>, <NUM> on the exterior thereof that define apertures that accommodate the seats <NUM> formed in the inner sleeve for positioning of the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> on the tubular body <NUM> in communication with the measurement section <NUM>, as discussed above. A recess <NUM> is formed in each of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> that allows for sensor cables of the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> to pass through the bands <NUM>, <NUM> from the apertures <NUM>, <NUM> to sides of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> facing toward the longitudinal center of the tubular body <NUM> without protruding from the outer circumference of the bands <NUM>, <NUM>. Plastic rings <NUM>, <NUM> are also disposed around the exterior of the tubular body <NUM> and affixed to the sides of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> facing the longitudinal center of the tubular body <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the recess <NUM> may be lined with the plastic material of the inner sleeve. Accordingly, the sensor cables of the ultrasonic transducers <NUM>, <NUM> are electrically insulated from the metal material of the bands <NUM>, <NUM> of the outer metal pipe <NUM> as they pass through and away from the bands <NUM>, <NUM> toward the longitudinal center of the tubular body <NUM>.

Claim 1:
An ultrasonic flow meter device (<NUM>), comprising:
a piping arrangement (<NUM>,<NUM>) comprising a tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) extending along a longitudinal axis (L) from a first end (<NUM>) to a second end (<NUM>) and
including a measurement section (<NUM>) disposed intermediate the first end (<NUM>) and the second end (<NUM>), the tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) defining a fluid passage (<NUM>) extending along the longitudinal axis (L) through the tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) from the first end (<NUM>) to the second end (<NUM>);
at least two ultrasonic transducers (<NUM>,<NUM>) disposed on opposing sides of the tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis (L); and
at least two reflective elements (<NUM>) disposed on the opposing sides (<NUM>,<NUM>) of the tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) and spaced apart along the longitudinal axis (L),
wherein the piping arrangement (<NUM>,<NUM>) comprises:
an outer pipe body (<NUM>,<NUM>); and
an inner sleeve (<NUM>) made from a polymeric material, the inner sleeve (<NUM>) being disposed within the outer pipe body (<NUM>,<NUM>), and
wherein the inner sleeve (<NUM>) defines the measurement section (<NUM>) and the fluid passage (<NUM>) of the piping arrangement (<NUM>,<NUM>),
characterized in that
the outer pipe body (<NUM>,<NUM>) is made from a metallic material, and wherein the inner sleeve (<NUM>) is over molded within said outer pipe body (<NUM>,<NUM>), and each of the at least two reflective elements (<NUM>) is disposed on a respective bracket (<NUM>) inserted in the fluid passage (<NUM>), and, preferably, each bracket (<NUM>) is removably inserted in a slot (<NUM>,<NUM>) defined in an interior surface (<NUM>) of the inner sleeve (<NUM>) and extending along the longitudinal axis (L) from a respective one of the first end (<NUM>) and the second end (<NUM>) of the tubular body (<NUM>,<NUM>) to the measurement section (<NUM>).