Patent Description:
It is used in particular for producing fruit purée.

An apparatus is known that envisages the use of two machines placed in series: a stone remover and a stone cleaner positioned downstream.

The stone remover comprises two counter-rotating rollers. A presser presses the fruit against the two rollers. One of the two rollers is made of rubber. The other is made of metal material and is serrated. During rotation, the serrated roller removes the flesh from the fruit until the volume of flesh around the stone is sufficiently reduced to allow the latter to be swallowed up within the rubber roller. Immediately downstream, there is a cusp-shaped deflector that identifies two slides, one that directs the flesh and one for the evacuation of the stone. <CIT> discloses a fruit and vegetable processing beating device capable of peeling, beating and separating mango at the same time.

The stone with which a part of the flesh is still associated is then introduced into the aforementioned stone cleaning device. Such device comprises a centrifugal machine with blades that pushes the stones against a sieve for recovering a further part of the flesh. The purée obtained from the flesh closest to the stone is more fibrous and has a slightly different colour. It is of poorer quality and is usually mixed in reduced percentages with the purée obtained directly from the stone remover.

A drawback of such constructive solution is connected with the fact that during use the rubber roller gets worn, releasing microscopic fragments of rubber that due to the minuscule dimensions are not withheld by any filters positioned downstream. This compromises the product quality. Furthermore, the production takes place cold and therefore the product is very sensitive to the production time (including stop time in storage tanks); the longer the time, the higher the oxidation (with negative consequences on the quality).

The object of the present invention is to propose a method for processing fruit that allows the drawbacks illustrated above to be overcome.

In particular, an aim of the present invention is to provide a method hat allows the product quality to be optimised. The stated technical task and specified objects are substantially achieved a method comprising the technical features disclosed in one or more of the appended claims.

Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following indicative and therefore non-limiting description of a method as illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:.

In the appended figures the reference number <NUM> indicates a processing apparatus, per se not part of the claimed invention, for fruit with a central stone and flesh surrounding the stone. For example, such fruit could be peach, apricot or mango.

The apparatus <NUM> comprises a rotating element <NUM> and a casing <NUM> inside which said rotating element <NUM> rotates (together they define the stone remover that allows the flesh to be separated from the stone). Preferably the rotating element <NUM> is coaxial with the casing <NUM>. The casing <NUM> is static.

The casing <NUM> comprises at least one outlet hole <NUM> for letting out the stone and the flesh detached from the stone. The hole <NUM> is advantageously placed on a lower portion of the casing <NUM> in order to facilitate the outlet by gravity. Advantageously there are various holes <NUM>, preferably alongside each other. The following description with reference to said at least one hole <NUM> can be advantageously repeated for one or more of the remaining holes <NUM>.

At the top the casing <NUM> has an opening <NUM> for the inlet of the fruit.

Advantageously, upstream of the casing <NUM> there may be a rotary star valve; it allows the introduction of the fruit, at the same time limiting the inlet of air. The rotating element <NUM> is suitable to remove the flesh attached to the stone and to draw in rotation the fruit placed inside the casing <NUM> pushing it by centrifugal force against the casing <NUM>. The rotating element <NUM> comprises one or more blade elements <NUM>.

The blade element <NUM> rotates inside the casing <NUM> maintaining a radial distance from said casing <NUM> such as to allow the stone <NUM> to remain near the casing <NUM> without coming into contact with the blade element <NUM>. Typically, the blade element <NUM> has a radial distance from the casing <NUM> that is variable according to the geometry of the element to be treated. By way of non-limiting example, such radial distance could be comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> centimetres. In a particular constructive solution the rotary element <NUM> and the casing <NUM> could not be coaxial. The blade element <NUM> is advantageously serrated (preferably on the outer edge). In an exemplified but non-limiting solution, the blade element <NUM> extends radially along a length comprised between <NUM>% and <NUM>% of the radial distance between the casing <NUM> and a base of the blade element <NUM>.

The apparatus <NUM> further comprises a means <NUM> for separating the stone from the flesh already detached from the stone. Such separation means <NUM> is placed downstream of the casing <NUM>. Appropriately the separation means <NUM> comprises a first refining device comprising an impeller <NUM> that rotates in a sieve <NUM> and pushes the flesh through the sieve <NUM>. The stones are instead retained by the sieve <NUM>. The sieve <NUM> can comprise holes having a diameter comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> millimetres (or however having a passage section comprised between <NUM><NUM> and <NUM><NUM>).

The separation means <NUM> also contributes to separating from the stone at least a part of the flesh attached to the stone. On this point, the propeller <NUM> is bladed and draws in rotation the stone <NUM> pushing it (due to the effect of the radial thrust imposed by the blade and by centrifugal effect) against the sieve <NUM> to determine a further detachment of flesh still attached to the stone <NUM>.

The object of the present invention is also a method for processing fruit <NUM> with a central stone <NUM> and flesh <NUM> surrounding the stone (as indicated previously for example the fruit could be peach, apricot, mango). Appropriately the method can be implemented by a fruit processing apparatus <NUM> having one or more of the characteristics described hereinabove.

The method comprises the step of positioning the fruit inside a casing <NUM> in which a rotating element <NUM> rotates. The rotating element <NUM> comprises one or more blade elements <NUM> (in the preferred solution they are arranged radially starting from a central rotor). In an exemplified solution the rotating element <NUM> rotates at a speed comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> revolutions per minute, preferably at <NUM> rpm. The casing <NUM> comprises an outlet hole <NUM>.

The method comprises the step of removing (detaching) from the stone <NUM> at least a part of the flesh <NUM> attached to the stone <NUM>. This comprises the step of pushing by centrifugal force the fruit against the casing <NUM> and bringing said rotating element <NUM> (in particular the blade element <NUM>) into contact with the flesh <NUM> until the stone can pass through said at least one outlet hole <NUM>. The rotating element <NUM> coming into contact with the flesh <NUM> of the fruit nibbles (cuts or however minces) the fruit so that each individual fruit reduces its volume. When the dimension is sufficiently reduced the fruit can be evacuated from the casing <NUM> through said at least one outlet hole <NUM>. Typically this happens by gravity. When the stone is evacuated from the casing <NUM> it may still be attached to some flesh. This can also be removed through subsequent processing (which will be explained below).

The step of removing the flesh <NUM> from the stone <NUM> comprises the step of positioning by centrifugal effect the stone <NUM> between the casing <NUM> and an imaginary circumference travelled by the outer diameter of the blade element <NUM>. The blade element <NUM> removes at least a part of the flesh attached to the stone <NUM> without coming into contact with the stone <NUM>.

The blade element <NUM> rotates inside the casing <NUM> maintaining a radial distance from said casing <NUM> such as to allow the stone <NUM> to remain near the casing <NUM> without coming into contact with the blade element <NUM>. Typically, the blade element <NUM> has a radial distance from the casing <NUM> that is variable according to the geometry of the element to be treated. The blade element <NUM> is advantageously serrated (preferably on the outer edge). The description with reference to one blade element <NUM> may also be repeated for the other blade elements <NUM>. Appropriately the casing <NUM> and said one or more blade elements <NUM> are removably connected. This allows them to be replaced as a function of the type of product whose stone is to be removed. In fact, the radial distance of the blade element <NUM> from the casing, like the geometry of said at least one outlet hole <NUM>, must be carefully selected.

In fact, it is important to find the right geometric balance of the rotating element <NUM> and the casing <NUM>. In fact, if the blade element <NUM> ground part of the stone, the purée obtained would be compromised by the bitter taste of the stone. Vice versa, if an excessive quality of flesh were left on the stone, there would be excessive waste (or slower processing because of the need to recover large volumes of flesh later, with the risk that it has oxidised more in the meantime).

Said at least one outlet hole comprises a slit that allows the passage of a round object with a diameter of <NUM> millimetres.

Appropriately said at least one outlet hole <NUM> comprises a slot that extends along a curved wall <NUM> of the casing <NUM> defining a half-moon.

Preferably said at least one outlet hole <NUM> comprises a slit having a width comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> millimetres. The slit therefore has a longitudinal prevalent extension. The width being appropriately measured orthogonally to such longitudinal line.

In the preferred solution the casing <NUM> and the rotating element <NUM> are made of metal. More generally the fruits inside said casing do not come into contact with the rubber elements. Therefore, effective stone removal can also be obtained in the absence of rubber portions that swallow up the stone exploiting the elasticity thereof.

The method allows a semi-processed product to be obtained downstream of the casing <NUM> comprising:.

Such semi-processed product is therefore a mush (the ground flesh) in which the stones are present.

The method further comprises the step of making said semi-processed product pass through a sieve <NUM> that retains the stone <NUM> allowing the passage of the flesh <NUM>.

The step of making said semi-processed product transit through the sieve <NUM> comprises the step of making the semi-processed product pass through a first refining device comprising an impeller <NUM> that rotates in the sieve <NUM> and pushes the flesh through the sieve <NUM>. The stones are instead retained by the sieve <NUM>. The propeller <NUM> can for example rotate at a speed comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> rpm, preferably at <NUM> rpm. The sieve can comprise holes having a diameter comprised between <NUM> and <NUM> millimetres (or however having a passage section comprised between <NUM><NUM> and <NUM><NUM>).

The propeller <NUM> is bladed and draws in rotation the stone <NUM> pushing it (due to the effect of the radial thrust imposed by the blade and by centrifugal effect) against the sieve <NUM> to determine a further detachment of flesh still attached to the stone <NUM>. Appropriately the first refining device is placed at least in part below said casing <NUM>. This allows a column-like extension of the apparatus <NUM>.

The method can possibly envisage the step of making the useful product transit at the outlet from the first refiner (the one that crosses the sieve <NUM>) to a second refining device. This could be useful for some types of products. For example, for retaining some types of skins. By way of example there are white nectarines that are distinguished by white flesh and red skin. In that case if the skin ended up in the purée it would compromise the colour thereof. The second refining device could therefore be used to prevent such drawback.

Downstream of the first refining device (and also of the second one if provided) there is a purée cooking system. This may be for example of the type described in <CIT>. Advantageously it comprises a recirculation system inside which heated purée circulates. The purée at the inlet then comes into contact straight away with a significant mass of already heated purée and therefore can be heated extremely quickly. Furthermore the first or the second refining device is located immediately above the inlet of the purée into the recirculation system. In this way the hot vapours coming from the recirculation system rise towards the first or second refining device allowing the oxidation of the product already upstream to be reduced, to heat it (as well as yielding the aroma of such vapours to the product without dispersing it).

Claim 1:
A method for processing fruit that has a central stone (<NUM>) and flesh (<NUM>) surrounding the stone, said method comprising the steps of:
- positioning the fruit inside a casing (<NUM>) in which a rotating element (<NUM>) rotates, the casing (<NUM>) comprising at least one outlet hole (<NUM>) for letting out the stone and the flesh detached from the stone;
- removing from the stone (<NUM>) at least a part of the flesh (<NUM>) attached to the stone (<NUM>);
the step of removing from the stone (<NUM>) at least a part of the flesh (<NUM>) attached to the stone (<NUM>) comprising the step of pushing the fruit by centrifugal force against the casing (<NUM>) and bringing said rotating element (<NUM>) into contact with the flesh (<NUM>) until the stone (<NUM>) manages to pass through said at least one outlet hole (<NUM>);
the step of removing the flesh (<NUM>) from the stone (<NUM>) comprising the step of positioning by centrifugal effect the stone (<NUM>) between the casing (<NUM>) and an imaginary circumference travelled by the outer diameter of a blade element (<NUM>) being part of the rotating element (<NUM>); said blade element (<NUM>) removing at least a part of the flesh attached to the stone (<NUM>) without coming into contact with the stone (<NUM>);
said method also comprising the steps of:
-obtaining a semi-processed product downstream of the casing (<NUM>) comprising the stone (<NUM>) and the flesh (<NUM>) that was separated from the stone (<NUM>);
-making said semi-processed product pass through a sieve (<NUM>) that retains the stone (<NUM>) allowing the passage of the flesh (<NUM>).