Patent Description:
A cap opening and closing device in the related art is locked by pressing by an external force and opened by pressing it again. The cap opening and closing device mainly include a mounting box, a rotary pin, a rocker arm, a guide block, and other components. A guide groove is arranged in the guide block, where one end of the rocker arm is fitted to the rotary pin, and the other end of the rocker arm is fitted to the guide groove. However, since the guide groove has a groove bottom with bumps or unevennesses, the rocker arm will sway or shift in an axial direction of an axis of rotation when the rocker arm is fitted thereto, causing ineffective rotation, extension and retraction of the rotary pin, thereby affecting the performance reliability. A pertinent cap opening and closing device is known from <CIT>.

The present invention aims to at least solves one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a cap opening and closing device having stable structure, reliable performance and other advantages.

The present invention also proposes a vehicle having the cap opening and closing device.

An embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention discloses a cap opening and closing device, which includes: a mounting box; a locking pin, rotatably and retractably mounted to the mounting box, and having a locking head for hooking the cap; a first elastic component, configured to push a rotary pin out of the mounting box; a guide block, mounted to the mounting box, and provided with a guide groove; a rocker arm, rotatably mounted to the mounting box, and having one end fitted to the locking pin and the other end fitted with a pin hole; a slidable pin, movably fitted in the pin hole along an axial direction of the pin hole; and an adjusting component, arranged on the other end of the rocker arm and abutting against the slidable pin, and configured to adjust the position of the slidable pin in the pin hole, where the slidable pin is adjusted by the adjusting component to fit to the guide groove and slide along the guide groove.

The cap opening and closing device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a stable structure, reliable performance and other advantages.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the guide groove has a groove bottom with bumps or unevennesses, and the slidable pin is adjusted by the adjusting component to fit to the groove bottom of the guide groove.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the adjusting component includes a second elastic component configured to push the slidable pin toward the guide groove.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the slidable pin includes a pin cap; and a pin pole, where one end of the pin pole is connected to the pin cap, the cross-sectional area of the pin pole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the pin cap, and the other end of the pin pole is fitted to the guide groove and is slidable along the guide groove.

Further, the pin hole is structured to have a step, and the pin cap is structured to persistently abut against the step with the push of the second elastic component.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the cap opening and closing device further includes an end cover, where the end cover is mounted to the other end of the rocker arm and covers the pin hole. The second elastic component is arranged in the pin hole, and one end of the second elastic component abuts against the end cover and the other end abuts against the slidable pin.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the end cover facing the second elastic component is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the second elastic component is a spring, where the one end of the second elastic component is mounted around the positioning protrusion.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the end cover facing away from the second elastic component is provided with a first spherical surface, and a stop plate is provided in the mounting box, where the first spherical surface abuts against the stop plate.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the rocker arm is an integral rigid component.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the rocker arm is respectively provided with a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft at two sides of a middle portion in the length direction, and the mounting box is provided with a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole, where the first rotating shaft is rotatably fitted in the first shaft hole, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably fitted in the second shaft hole.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the end of the first rotating shaft facing away from the rocker arm and the end of the second rotating shaft facing away from the rocker arm are respectively provided with a second spherical surface, where the second spherical surface of the first rotating shaft and the second spherical surface of the second rotating shaft respectively abut against the mounting box.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, one of two opposite side walls of the mounting box is provided with a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, and the other is provided with a first mounting arm and a second mounting arm. The first mounting arm and the first mounting seat together define the first shaft hole, and the second mounting arm and the second mounting seat together define the second shaft hole. The second spherical surface of the first rotating shaft abuts against the first mounting seat, and the second spherical surface of the second rotating shaft abuts against the second mounting seat.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the locking pin includes: a rotary pin, rotatably and retractably mounted to the mounting box; and a first elastic component configured to push the rotary pin to extend out of the mounting box.

Further, the one end of the rocker arm is provided with a fork-shaped head, and the fork-shaped head is provided with oppositely arranged guide posts. An outer peripheral surface of the rotary pin is provided with an annular groove extending circumferentially, and the guide posts are fitted in the annular groove.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, a first stopper and a second stopper are provided in the mounting box, where the fork-shaped head is located between the first stopper and the second stopper.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the guide groove is structured to have a closed annular structure, where the slidable pin can slide unidirectionally along the guide groove. The guide groove includes a first ascending section, a first descending section, a second ascending section, and a second descending section connected in sequence. One end of the first ascending section is connected to one end of the first descending section, and the distance between the first ascending section and the first descending section gradually increases toward the extending-out direction of the locking pin. One end of the second ascending section is connected to the other end of the first descending section, one end of the second descending section is connected to the other end of the first ascending section, the other end of the second ascending section is connected to the other end of the second descending section, and the distance between the second ascending section and the second descending section gradually increases toward the extending direction of the locking pin.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mounting box includes: a box body, where the locking pin is rotatably and retractably mounted to the box body; and a box cover, mounted to the box body, where one end of the first elastic component abuts against the locking pin and the other end abuts against the box cover, and both the guide block and the rocker arm are mounted to the box body and the box cover.

An embodiment according to a second aspect of the present invention proposes a vehicle, which includes a cap, having a locking groove thereon; and a cap opening and closing device according to the embodiment in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, where a locking head on a locking pin of the cap opening and closing device is fitted to the locking groove to connect the cap opening and closing device to the cap.

The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of reliable cap opening and closing performance by virtue of the cap opening and closing device according to the embodiment in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention.

According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the cap is an oil filler cap; and/or the cap is a charging port cap.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in and partly apparent from the description below, or understood through practice of the present invention.

The above and/or other additional aspects and advantages of the present invention become apparent and comprehensible from the description of embodiments in connection with accompanying drawings, in which:.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar elements or the elements having same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the description. The following embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are merely intended to describe the present invention and cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that orientation or position relationships indicated by the terms such as "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on orientation or position relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are used only for ease and brevity of illustration and description, rather than indicating or implying that the mentioned apparatus or component need to have a particular orientation or need to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. Therefore, such terms should not be construed as limiting of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, "first feature", and "second feature" may include one or more of the features, "a number of" means two or more, and "several" means one or more.

A cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawings.

As shown in <FIG>, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a mounting box <NUM>, a locking pin, a first elastic component <NUM>, a guide block <NUM>, a rocker arm <NUM>, a slidable pin <NUM> and an adjusting component <NUM>.

The locking pin is rotatably and retractably mounted to the mounting box <NUM>. Optionally, as shown in <FIG>, The locking pin includes a rotary pin <NUM> and a first elastic component <NUM>. The rotary pin <NUM> is rotatably and retractably mounted to the mounting box <NUM>, and the rotary pin <NUM> has a locking head <NUM> for hooking a cap <NUM> at one end. The first elastic component <NUM> is configured to push the rotary pin <NUM> to extend out of the mounting box <NUM>, and the first elastic component <NUM> is respectively connected to the rotary pin <NUM> and the mounting box <NUM>.

The guide block <NUM> is mounted to the mounting box <NUM>, and the guide block <NUM> is provided with a guide groove <NUM>. The rocker arm <NUM> is rotatably mounted to the mounting box <NUM>. For example, a middle portion of the rocker arm <NUM> in a length direction is rotatably mounted to the mounting box <NUM>, and an axis of rotation of the rocker arm <NUM> is perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the rotary pin <NUM>. One end of the rocker arm <NUM> is fitted to the rotary pin <NUM>, and the other end of the rocker arm <NUM> is provided with a pin hole <NUM>, where an axial direction of the pin hole <NUM> is perpendicular to the guide groove <NUM> of the guide block <NUM>. The slidable pin <NUM> is movably fitted in the pin hole <NUM> along the axial direction of the pin hole <NUM>. The adjusting component <NUM> is arranged at the other end of the rocker arm <NUM> and abuts against the slidable pin <NUM>. The adjusting component <NUM> is configured to adjust the position of the slidable pin <NUM> in the pin hole <NUM>, and the slidable pin <NUM> is adjusted by the adjusting component <NUM> to fit to the guide groove <NUM> and slide along the guide groove <NUM>.

For example, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> may be a press type cap opening and closing device, that is, a push-push type cap opening and closing device. The locking head <NUM> of the rotary pin <NUM> may have a square structure. Correspondingly, a square locking groove <NUM> is provided on the cap <NUM> (as shown in <FIG>). The rotary pin <NUM> can overcome the elastic force of the first elastic component <NUM> (by pressing the cap) to reach a closed position in the mounting box <NUM>, and overcome the elastic force of the first elastic component <NUM> again (by pressing the cap) to move a short distance to automatically return to an open position under the elastic force of the first elastic component <NUM>.

When the rotary pin <NUM> is at the open position, the locking head <NUM> can be withdrawn from the square groove of the cap. When the rotary pin <NUM> is in the closed position, the locking head <NUM> goes back into the square groove of the cap, and then rotated with the rotary pin <NUM> (usually by an angle of <NUM>°), to form a nearly cross shape to achieve the closing and locking of the cap.

During the extension and retraction of the rotary pin <NUM>, the one end of the rocker arm <NUM> is driven to move, and consequently, the slidable pin <NUM> in the pin hole <NUM> at the other end of the rocker arm <NUM> slides in the guide groove <NUM> of the guide block <NUM>. The rocker arm <NUM> fitting with the guide block <NUM> ensures that the cap can be opened and closed when a pressure is applied to the cap, and the cap cannot be opened and closed when a pulling force is applied to the cap.

In the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention, the pin hole <NUM> is arranged at the end of the rocker arm <NUM> that is fitted to the guide block <NUM>, the slidable pin <NUM> that can move axially in the pin hole <NUM> and the adjusting component <NUM> configured to adjust the position of the slidable pin <NUM> are arranged. The slidable pin <NUM> is adjusted by the adjusting component <NUM> to persistently fit to the guide groove <NUM> of the guide block <NUM>, such that even if the groove bottom of the guide groove <NUM> has bumps or unevennesses or has machining errors, the adjusting component <NUM> can also adjust the slidable pin <NUM> to a proper position, to fit the slidable pin <NUM> to the guide groove <NUM>. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the slidable pin <NUM> by the adjusting component <NUM>, the gap between the slidable pin <NUM> and the groove bottom of the guide groove <NUM> can be offset. Because the slidable pin <NUM> can move relative to the rocker arm <NUM>, during the movement of the slidable pin <NUM>, the rocker arm <NUM> will not sway or shift in an axial direction of an axis of rotation, ensuring the stability of the rocker arm <NUM>, and ensuring that the rotary pin <NUM> can rotate, extend and retract effectively.

Therefore, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention has a stable structure, reliable performance and other advantages.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the guide groove <NUM> may have a groove bottom with bumps or unevennesses, and the slidable pin <NUM> is adjusted by the adjusting component <NUM> to fit to the groove bottom of the guide groove <NUM>. Definitely, according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is also applicable in a case where the groove bottom of the guide groove <NUM> has no bumps, to eliminate the swaying and shift of the rocker arm <NUM> caused by the machining or assembly errors of other components.

In addition, it is to be understood that in some cap opening and closing devices in related art, a spring is provided at a rotation shaft in the middle of the rocker arm in the length direction. However, because the force bearing point of the rocker arm <NUM> is located at the end fitting to the rotary pin <NUM>, the rocker arm <NUM> sways with the shaft as a fulcrum in actual work (similar to a seesaw structure). The arrangement of the middle spring causes the rocker arm to shift or bounce in the direction that needs to be fixed (the radial direction of the shaft), causing ineffective rotation, extension and retraction of the rotary pin <NUM>. Moreover, the arrangement of the middle spring requires that the hole fitting with the rotating shaft is absolutely circular, causing difficulty in the machining of the mounting box.

In the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the slidable pin <NUM> and the adjusting component <NUM> at the end of the rocker arm <NUM> that fits with the guide block <NUM>, the rocker arm <NUM> is prevented from swaying or shifting in the axial direction of the axis of rotation, while not increasing the processing difficulty of the mounting box <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the mounting box <NUM> includes a box body <NUM> and a box cover <NUM>.

One side of the box body <NUM> is provided with an opening. The rotary pin <NUM> is rotatably and retractably mounted to the box body <NUM>. The box cover <NUM> is mounted to the box body <NUM> and covers the opening. One end of the first elastic component <NUM> abuts against the rotary pin <NUM> and the other end abuts against the box cover <NUM>. Both the guide block <NUM> and the rocker arm <NUM> are mounted to the box body <NUM> and the box cover <NUM>. That is, the box body <NUM> and the box cover <NUM> are jointly provided with the guide block <NUM> and the rocker arm <NUM>. As such, the mounting box <NUM> has a split structure, to facilitate the overall disassembly and assembly of the cap opening and closing device <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, the box body <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM> is provided with a guide hole <NUM>, the rotary pin <NUM> is fitted to the guide block <NUM>, and the rotary pin <NUM> is retractable through the guide hole <NUM> and rotatable in the guide hole <NUM>, to ensure the stability in the movement of the rotary pin <NUM>, and facilitating the fitting with the cap.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the rotary pin <NUM> is provided with a spiral guide groove <NUM>, and the spiral guide groove <NUM> extends spirally on an outer peripheral surface of the rotary pin <NUM>. The box body <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM> is provided with a pin pole <NUM>, where the pin pole <NUM> fits to the spiral guide groove <NUM> and transforms the telescopic motion of the rotary pin <NUM> into a rotary motion. In other words, the fitting of the pin pole <NUM> with the spiral guide groove <NUM> makes the rotary pin <NUM> have a telescopic motion and a rotary motion in combination. That is, the extension and retraction of the rotary pin <NUM> is accompanied by the rotation itself, thereby driving the locking head <NUM> to rotate, to lock to and unlock from the cap.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, one end of the rotary pin <NUM> facing the box cover <NUM> is provided with a hollow hole <NUM>, and the box cover <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM> is provided with a mounting post <NUM>. The first elastic component <NUM> is a spring, one end of the first elastic component <NUM> is fitted in the hollow hole <NUM>, and the other end of the first elastic component <NUM> is mounted around the mounting post <NUM>, to fix the two ends of the first elastic component <NUM>, so that the elastic force of the first elastic component <NUM> can stably push the rotary pin <NUM> out.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the adjusting component <NUM> includes a second elastic component that pushes the slidable pin <NUM> toward the guide groove <NUM>. Through the elastic force of the second elastic component, the reciprocating sliding of the slidable pin <NUM> in its axial direction is enabled to drive the slidable pin <NUM> to slide along the guide groove <NUM>, to fit the slidable pin <NUM> to the guide groove <NUM>, and the movement of the slidable pin <NUM> will not drive the rocker arm <NUM> to shift or sway in the axial direction of the axis of rotation.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the slidable pin <NUM> includes a pin cap <NUM> and a pin pole <NUM>. One end of the pin pole <NUM> is connected to the pin cap <NUM>, the cross-sectional area of the pin pole <NUM> is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the pin cap <NUM>, and the other end of the pin pole <NUM> is fitted to the guide groove <NUM> and is slidable along the guide groove <NUM>. Optionally, one end of the pin hole <NUM> facing the guide block <NUM> is structured with a step <NUM>, and the pin cap <NUM> abuts against the step <NUM> with the push of the second elastic component (that is, the adjusting component <NUM>).

Therefore, on the one hand, the contact area between the second elastic component and the slidable pin <NUM> is increased, to allow for more uniform and stable force transmission; and on the other hand, the step <NUM> and the pin cap <NUM> form a stop, to prevent the slidable pin <NUM> from getting out of the pin hole <NUM> in a direction toward the guide block <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, <FIG> and <FIG>, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> further includes an end cover <NUM>.

The end cover <NUM> is mounted to the other end of the rocker arm <NUM>, and the end cover <NUM> covers the end of the pin hole <NUM> facing away from the guide block <NUM>. For example, the end cover <NUM> is mounted to the rocker arm <NUM> by a buckle structure, the second elastic component is arranged in the pin hole <NUM>, one end of the second elastic component abuts against the end cover <NUM> and the other end abuts against the pin cap <NUM> of the slidable pin <NUM>.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the surface of the end cover <NUM> facing the second elastic component is provided with a positioning protrusion <NUM>, and the positioning protrusion <NUM> extends into the pin hole <NUM>. The second elastic component is a spring, and one end of the second elastic component is mounted around the positioning protrusion <NUM>, to fix the second elastic component, and ensure the stability of the force.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, the surface of the end cover <NUM> facing away from the second elastic component is provided with a first spherical surface <NUM>, and a stop plate <NUM> is provided in the box body <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM>, where the first spherical surface <NUM> abuts against the stop plate <NUM>, to limit the movement of the second elastic component in the axial direction, and eliminate the swaying of the rocker arm <NUM> caused by the reaction force of the second elastic component, thus further enhancing the stability of the rocker arm <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the rocker arm <NUM> is an integral rigid component formed, for example, by integral injection molding of plastics, which has simple structure, is easy to produce and process, and is maintained stable. Definitely, it can also be integrally formed by a metal member, which is easy to process and has stable structure as well.

In some cap opening and closing devices in related art, the end of the rocker arm that is fitted to the guide block is arranged to have a flexible structure, and the end of the rocker arm that is fitted to the rotary pin is arranged to have a rigid structure. In this case, the flexible structure is difficult to process, and the rocker arm is always in a state of deformation due to the essential mechanical support, raising a high requirement for the selection of materials. Moreover, the rigid end of the rocker arm will always bear a reaction force that alternates repeatedly (the magnitude of the force varies), causing the rocker arm to shift or sway in the direction that needs to be fixed (the radial direction of the rotating shaft). As a result, the rotary pin cannot rotate, extend and retract effectively.

In the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rocker arm <NUM> with an integral rigid structure is used in combination with the slidable pin <NUM> and the adjusting component <NUM>, which eliminates the swaying and shift of the rocker arm <NUM> in the axial direction of the axis of rotation, is easy to process, and has low requirements for the materials.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, the rocker arm <NUM> is respectively provided with a first rotating shaft <NUM> and a second rotating shaft <NUM> at two sides of a middle portion in the length direction, and the central axis of the first rotating shaft <NUM> coincides with the central axis of the second rotating shaft <NUM> and is perpendicular to the extension and retraction direction of the rotary pin <NUM>. The mounting box <NUM> is provided with a first shaft hole <NUM> and a second shaft hole <NUM>, where the first rotating shaft <NUM> is rotatably fitted in the first shaft hole <NUM>, and the second rotating shaft <NUM> is rotatably fitted in the second shaft hole <NUM>, to rotatably mount the rocker arm <NUM> to the mounting box <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the end of the first rotating shaft <NUM> facing away from the rocker arm <NUM> and the end of the second rotating shaft <NUM> facing away from the rocker arm <NUM> are respectively provided with a second spherical surface <NUM>. The second spherical surface <NUM> of the first rotating shaft <NUM> and the second spherical surface <NUM> of the second rotating shaft <NUM> abut against the mounting box <NUM>, respectively. Therefore, the rocker arm <NUM> can be positioned in the axial direction of the first rotating shaft <NUM> and the second rotating shaft <NUM>, to further prevent the rocker arm <NUM> to sway in the axial direction of the axis of rotation.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, one of two opposite side walls of the mounting box <NUM> is provided with a first mounting seat <NUM> and a second mounting seat <NUM>, and the other is provided with a first mounting arm <NUM> and a second mounting arm <NUM>. For example, the first mounting seat <NUM> and the second mounting seat <NUM> are provided on the box body <NUM>, and the first mounting arm <NUM> and the second mounting arm <NUM> are provided on the box cover <NUM>. The first mounting arm <NUM> and the first mounting seat <NUM> together define the first shaft hole <NUM>, and the second mounting arm <NUM> and the second mounting seat <NUM> together define second shaft hole <NUM>. The second spherical surface <NUM> of the first rotating shaft <NUM> abuts against the first mounting seat <NUM>, and the second spherical surface <NUM> of the second rotating shaft <NUM> abuts against the second mounting seat <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, the one end of the rocker arm <NUM> is provided with a fork-shaped head <NUM>, and the fork-shaped head <NUM> is provided with oppositely arranged guide posts <NUM>. An outer peripheral surface of the rotary pin <NUM> is provided with an annular groove <NUM> extending circumferentially, and the guide post <NUM> is fitted in the annular groove <NUM>. Therefore, when the rotary pin <NUM> is extended and retracted, the rocker arm <NUM> is driven to sway about its axis of rotation, and the fork-shaped head <NUM> and the rotary pin <NUM> are formed to be rotatably fitted in two directions. In one direction, the fork-shaped head <NUM> can rotate relative to the rotary pin <NUM> around the axial direction of the guide post <NUM>, and in the other direction, the rotary pin <NUM> can rotate relative to the fork-shaped head <NUM> around its own axial direction. Therefore, the fitting of the fork-shaped head <NUM> and the rotary pin <NUM> will not hinder the extension, retraction and rotation of the rotary pin <NUM> itself.

In an embodiment, as shown in <FIG>, a first stopper <NUM> and a second stopper <NUM> are provided in the box body <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM>, and the first stopper <NUM> and the second stopper <NUM> can be oppositely arranged in the radial direction of the guide hole <NUM>. The fork-shaped head <NUM> is located between the first stopper <NUM> and the second stopper <NUM>, to prevent the fork-shaped head <NUM> of the rocker arm <NUM> from swaying in the radial direction of the rotary pin <NUM>.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, the guide block <NUM> is provided with a support shaft <NUM>, and mounting box <NUM> is provided with a support shaft hole <NUM>, where the support shaft <NUM> is fitted in the support shaft hole <NUM>. As such, the guide block <NUM> is rotatably mounted to the mounting box <NUM>.

For example, the support shaft hole <NUM> includes two parts respectively provided on the box body <NUM> and the box cover <NUM>, and a complete support shaft hole <NUM> is formed after the box body <NUM> and the box cover <NUM> are assembled.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG>, the guide groove <NUM> is structured to have a closed annular structure, for example, an inverted heart shape. The slidable pin <NUM> can slide unidirectionally along the guide groove <NUM>. The arrow in the guide groove <NUM> in <FIG> shows the unidirectional sliding direction of the slidable pin <NUM>. Specifically, the guide groove <NUM> includes a first ascending section <NUM>, a first descending section <NUM>, a second ascending section <NUM> and a second descending section <NUM> connected in sequence. One end of the first ascending section <NUM> is connected to one end of the first descending section <NUM>, and the distance between the first ascending section <NUM> and the first descending section <NUM> gradually increases toward the extending-out direction of the rotary pin <NUM>. One end of the second ascending section <NUM> is connected to the other end of the first descending section <NUM>, one end of the second descending section <NUM> is connected to the other end of the first ascending section <NUM>, the other end of the second ascending section <NUM> is connected to the other end of the second descending section <NUM>, and the distance between the second ascending section <NUM> and the second descending section <NUM> gradually increases toward the extending-out direction of the rotary pin <NUM>. Therefore, by arranging the guide groove <NUM> of the above shape, the reciprocating sliding of the slidable pin <NUM> in its axial direction is enabled to drive the slidable pin <NUM> to slide along the guide groove <NUM> through the elastic force of the second elastic component, so as to fit the slidable pin <NUM> to the guide groove <NUM>. In other words, by limiting the extension and retraction of the rotary pin <NUM> by the rocker arm <NUM>, a press type cap opening and closing device is formed. That is, the cap cannot be opened and closed by applying a pulling force.

For example, when the cap is in a closed position, the slidable pin <NUM> slides to a position between the second ascending section <NUM> and the second descending section <NUM>, where a V-shaped structure is formed. The slidable pin <NUM> is pressed against the V-shaped structure by the adjusting component <NUM>, and is in balance and unable to slide continuously. Only when the cap is pressed, the rotary pin <NUM> drives the slidable pin <NUM> to slide a short distance toward one side of the V-shaped structure (lower left in <FIG>) through the rocker arm <NUM>, and then the slidable pin <NUM> is forced by the first elastic component <NUM> to slide continuously, to reach an open position of the cap. In other words, when the cap is closed and a pulling force is applied to the cap, the slidable pin <NUM> is stopped by the V-shaped structure and unable to move, so the cap cannot be opened.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> further includes a motor <NUM> and a locking block <NUM>.

The motor <NUM> is mounted to the box body <NUM> of the mounting box <NUM>. The locking block <NUM> is in transmission connection with the motor <NUM>, and the rotary pin <NUM> is provided with a locking groove <NUM>, where the locking block <NUM> is driven by the motor <NUM> to move into and out of the locking groove <NUM>. As such, when the cap is closed, the motor <NUM> can drive the locking block <NUM> to move into the locking groove <NUM> of the rotary pin <NUM>. At this time, the rotary pin <NUM> cannot be rotated, extended, and retracted, to prevent the cap from being opened by mistake.

In an embodiment, the motor <NUM> is in transmission connection with the locking block <NUM> through a screw <NUM>. The screw <NUM> transforms the rotary motion of a motor shaft of the motor <NUM> into the linear motion of the locking block <NUM>, to save space in the mounting box <NUM>, and thus reduce the volume of the cap opening and closing device <NUM>.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to <FIG> below.

As shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cap <NUM> and the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention. The cap <NUM> can be provided on an open box <NUM> with an open one end, where the open box <NUM> can be a fuel tank and/or a charging box of the vehicle. Namely, the cap may be an oil filler cap, and/or a charging port cap. In other words, the cap opening and closing device <NUM> is applicable to an oil filler cap, and a charging port cap. Definitely, for hybrid vehicles and other vehicles, both the oil filler cap and the charging port cap can be used with the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Specifically, referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, a locking groove <NUM> is provided on the cap <NUM>, where the locking head <NUM> provided at one end of the rotary pin <NUM> can be removably fitted in the locking groove <NUM>, to removably connect the cap opening and closing device <NUM> to the cap <NUM>. As such, when an external force is applied, the cap <NUM> on the open box <NUM> can be opened and closed by the rotary and telescopic motion of the rotary pin <NUM> in the mounting box <NUM>. Optionally, the locking groove <NUM> is a square groove.

The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of reliable cap opening and closing performance by utilizing the cap opening and closing device <NUM> according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Other components and operations of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail here again.

In the description of the present invention, description of reference terms such as "a specific embodiment" or "a specific example", means including specific features, structures, materials, or features described in the embodiment or example in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present disclosure, schematic descriptions of the foregoing terms do not necessarily refer to a same embodiment or example.

Claim 1:
A cap opening and closing device (<NUM>), comprising:
a mounting box (<NUM>);
a locking pin, rotatably and retractably mounted to the mounting box (<NUM>), and having a locking head (<NUM>) for hooking the cap (<NUM>);
a guide block (<NUM>), mounted to the mounting box (<NUM>), and having a guide groove (<NUM>);
a rocker arm (<NUM>), rotatably mounted to the mounting box (<NUM>), and having one end fitted to the locking pin and the other end fitted with a pin hole (<NUM>);
a slidable pin (<NUM>), movably fitted in the pin hole (<NUM>) along an axial direction of the pin hole (<NUM>); characterized by
an adjusting component (<NUM>), arranged on the other end of the rocker arm (<NUM>) and abutting against the slidable pin (<NUM>), and configured to adjust the position of the slidable pin (<NUM>) in the pin hole (<NUM>), wherein the slidable pin (<NUM>) is adjusted by the adjusting component (<NUM>) to fit to the guide groove (<NUM>) and slide along the guide groove (<NUM>).