Patent Description:
Humidification systems have been devised that deliver heated and/or humidified gases for various medical procedures, including respiratory treatment, laparoscopy, and the like. These systems may be configured to control temperature, humidity, and flow rates.

Humidification systems also include medical circuits, including various components to transport heated and/or humidified gases to and from patients. For example, in some breathing circuits such as PAP or assisted breathing circuits, gases inhaled by a patient are delivered from a heater-humidifier through an inspiratory tube. As another example, tubes may deliver humidified gas (commonly CO<NUM>) into the abdominal cavity in insufflation circuits. This may help prevent dessication or drying out of the patient's internal organs, and may decrease the amount of time needed for recovery from surgery. Unheated tubing allows significant heat loss to ambient cooling. This cooling may result in unwanted condensation or "rainout" along the length of the tubing transporting warm, humidified air. Heater wires may extend along at least a portion of the tubing forming the circuit to prevent or at least reduce condensation forming therein.

While prior arrangements have provided the desired therapies, a need remains for apparatus that provides for greater ease of connection and/or disconnection of components of humidification systems. Accordingly, it is an object of certain features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure to overcome or ameliorate one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art or to at least provide the public with a useful choice.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a circuit connector for a humidification system, the humidification system comprising a base unit and a humidification chamber, the humidification chamber being configured to be engageable with the base unit, the circuit connector comprising: an inlet configured to provide a fluid connection to an outlet of the humidification chamber to receive heated and/or humidified gases therefrom; an outlet configured to provide a fluid connection to a conduit for directing the heated and/or humidified gases to or from a patient or other person; and an electrical terminal configured to provide an electrical connection to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit, wherein the circuit connector is configured to make a releasable and lockable connection to the outlet of the humidification chamber, thereby providing the fluid connection from the inlet of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber, such that the circuit connector also provides the electrical connection from the electrical terminal of the circuit connector to the electrical terminal associated with the base unit when the humidification chamber is engaged with the base unit and the circuit connector is connected to the outlet of the humidification chamber.

According to some aspects of the present disclosure, this is provided a circuit connector for a humidification system. The humidification system comprises a base unit and a humidification chamber. The humidification chamber is configured to be engageable with the base unit. The circuit connector comprises an inlet configured to provide a fluid connection to an outlet of the humidification chamber to receive heated and/or humidified gases therefrom. An outlet is configured to provide a fluid connection to a conduit for directing the heated and/or humidified gases to or from a patient or other person. An electrical terminal is configured to provide an electrical connection to a base unit electrical terminal. The electrical terminal comprises exposed contact pads that are sized, positioned and configured to be brought into contact with the base unit electrical terminal.

In some such configurations, the electrical terminal comprises six equally spaced contact pads. In some such configurations, the six equally spaced contact pads comprise two contact pads for sensor wires, two contact pads for identification, and two contact pads for heater wires. In some such configurations, the two contact pads for the heater wires are longer than the two contact pads for the sensor wires and the two contact pads for identification. In some such configurations, the six equally spaced contact pads all have the same length. In some such configurations, the electrical terminal comprises six contact pads that are not all uniformly spaced apart. In some such configurations, the six equally spaced contact pads comprise two contact pads for sensor wires, two contact pads for identification, and two contact pads for heater wires. In some such configurations, the two contact pads for the heater wires are longer than the two contact pads for the sensor wires and the two contact pads for identification. In some such configurations, the two contact pads for the heater wires are adjacent each other. In some such configurations, the two contact pads for the sensor wires and the two contact pads for identification are uniformly spaced and the two contact pads for the heater wires are spaced apart from each other by the same spacing as between the two contact pads for the sensor wires but the two contact pads for the heater wires are spaced apart from the closest of the two contact pads for the sensor wires and the two contact pads for identification by a distance greater than the distance separating the two contact pads for the heater wires from each other. In some such configurations, the two contact pads for the heater wires are longer than the two contact pads for the sensor wires and the two contact pads for identification. In some such configurations, the contact pads are formed on a circuit board and the printed circuit board is supported by an outer support surface. In some such configurations, the outer support surface is wider at a distal end than at a proximal end.

According to one embodiment, the circuit connector comprises an orientator configured to orientate the circuit connector relative to the outlet of the humidification chamber and/or to orientate the electrical terminal of the circuit connector relative to the electrical terminal associated with the base unit.

The orientator may comprise a recess configured to slidably engage a projection on the outlet of the humidification chamber such that the circuit connector may only be slid onto the outlet of the humidification chamber in a predetermined orientation. Conversely, the orientator may comprise a projection configured to slidably engage a recess in the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The provision of orientation features helps to ensure there is alignment of the electrical terminal of the circuit connector with the electrical terminal associated with the base unit, providing increased ease of assembly. Further, the releasable and lockable connection of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber helps to ensure the correct orientation is maintained.

The outlet of the humidification chamber may comprise a first portion that extends substantially vertically from the humidification chamber and a second portion that extends substantially horizontally from the first portion, the second portion being downstream of the first portion, in use, wherein the inlet of the circuit connector is configured to provide a fluid connection to the second portion of the circuit connector. According to this embodiment, the circuit connector may comprise a cutout to accommodate the first portion, the cutout inhibiting or limiting engagement of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber when not correctly orientated to accommodate the first portion received in the cutout.

The cutout may be contoured to have a wider opening and a narrower termination, thereby providing tolerance as to the orientation of the circuit connector on initial engagement and correcting the orientation on continued engagement as the circuit connector is pushed towards the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may comprise one or more pins configured to, in use, make contact with one or more tracks of a printed circuit board, the electrical terminal associated with the base unit comprising said printed circuit board. Alternatively, the electrical terminal of the circuit connector may comprise a printed circuit board comprising one or more tracks configured to, in use, make contact with one or more pins, the electrical terminal associated with the base unit comprising said one or more pins.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may alternatively comprise an edge card configured to, in use, be received in an edge card receptacle, the electrical terminal associated with the base unit comprising said edge card receptacle.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may alternatively comprise an edge card receptacle configured to, in use, receive an edge card, the electrical terminal associated with the base unit comprising said edge card.

Other forms of electrical terminals will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are included within the scope of the present disclosure.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may be electrically connected to one or more heater wires and/or one or more sensor wires, the conduit comprising said one or more heater wires and/or said one or more sensor wires, or having said one or more heater wires and/or said one or more sensor wires associated therewith.

The circuit connector may comprise a recess or projection configured to be engaged by a latch of the humidification chamber (the latch being provided on a wall of the outlet of the humidification chamber), thereby providing said releasable and lockable connection of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The circuit connector may additionally or alternatively comprise a latch configured to engage a recess or projection of a wall of the outlet of the humidification chamber, thereby providing said releasable and lockable connection of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The circuit connector may comprise an activator configured for disengaging the latch from the recess or projection to allow removal of the circuit connector from the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The activator may comprise at least one manually depressible button or switch.

At least a portion of the circuit connector may be receivable inside the outlet of the humidification chamber.

According to a second aspect, there is provided a circuit connector for a humidification system, the humidification system comprising a base unit and a humidification chamber, the circuit connector comprising: an inlet configured to provide a fluid connection to an outlet of the humidification chamber to receive heated and/or humidified gases therefrom; an outlet configured to provide a fluid connection to a conduit for directing heated and/or humidified gases to or from a patient or other person; an electrical terminal configured to provide an electrical connection to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit; and an orientator configured to orientate the circuit connector relative to the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may be substantially parallel to the inlet of the circuit connector and/or to a direction of engagement used to electrically connect the electrical terminal of the circuit connector to the electrical terminal associated with the base unit, thereby enabling both the electrical and fluid connections to be effected in a single motion.

According to a third aspect, there is provided a medical tube comprising the circuit connector of the first or second aspects. The circuit connector may be integral to or connected to a conduit and/or configured to form at least part of an inspiratory limb or an expiratory limb of a respiratory circuit.

According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a humidification chamber for a humidification system, the humidification chamber comprising: an outer wall; an upper wall connected to the outer wall, the outer wall and the upper wall at least partially defining a volume for containing a liquid; an inlet to receive gases into the humidification chamber from a gases source; and an outlet configured to connect to a circuit connector for directing heated and/or humidified gases from the humidification chamber to a patient or other person, wherein the outlet is configured to provide a releasable and lockable connection to the circuit connector and/or comprises an orientator to control the orientation of the circuit connector relative to the outlet.

The orientator may comprise a recess configured to slidably engage a projection on the circuit connector such that the circuit connector may only be slid onto the outlet of the humidification chamber in a predetermined orientation. Conversely, the orientator may comprise a projection configured to slidably engage a recess in the circuit connector such that the circuit connector may only be slid onto the outlet of the humidification chamber in a predetermined orientation.

The outlet of the humidification chamber may comprise a first portion that extends substantially vertically from the humidification chamber and a second portion that extends substantially horizontally from the first portion, the second portion being downstream of the first portion, in use.

The humidification chamber may comprise a recess or projection configured to be engaged by a latch of the circuit connector, thereby providing said releasable and lockable connection of the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber. Alternatively, the humidification chamber may comprise a latch configured to engage a recess or projection of the circuit connector.

The humidification chamber may comprise an activator for disengaging the latch from the recess or projection to allow removal of the circuit connector from the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The outlet of the humidification chamber may be configured to receive at least a portion of the circuit connector inside the outlet of the humidification chamber.

The humidification chamber may comprise an orientator to control orientation of the humidification chamber relative to the base unit.

According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a humidification chamber for a humidification system, the humidification chamber comprising: an outer wall; an upper wall connected to the outer wall, the outer wall and the upper wall at least partially defining a volume for containing a liquid; an inlet to receive gases from a gases source; an outlet configured to connect to a circuit connector for directing heated and/or humidified gases to a patient or other person; and an orientator to control orientation of the humidification chamber relative to the base unit.

The orientator may comprise a recess configured to slidably engage a projection on or associated with the base unit such that the humidification chamber may only be engaged with the base unit in a predetermined orientation. Alternatively, the orientator may comprise a projection configured to slidably engage a recess in or associated with the base unit such that the humidification chamber may only be engaged with the base unit in a predetermined orientation.

The orientator may be configured to orientate, at least in part, the circuit connector relative to the outlet of the humidification chamber. Additionally or alternatively, the orientator may be configured to orientate, at least in part, an electrical terminal of the circuit connector relative to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit.

In an embodiment, the humidification chamber is configured to couple to the base unit, at least in part, via a coupler of or associated with the base unit. Additionally or alternatively, at least the electrical terminal of the circuit connector may be configured to connect with an electrical terminal of the coupler. Further connections may be provided between the coupler and the base unit for exchanging information therebetween and/or electrical power, such as for powering heater wires in the conduit, via the circuit connector.

In an embodiment, at least a downstream end of the outlet of the humidification chamber is oriented in a substantially parallel direction to a direction of engagement of the humidification chamber with the base unit. Additionally or alternatively, a direction of engagement of an electrical terminal of the circuit connector to the electrical terminal associated with the base unit and/or a coupler for the base unit is substantially parallel to at least a downstream end of the outlet of the humidification chamber, and/or a direction of engagement of the humidification chamber with the base unit.

The humidification chamber may comprise an outlet configured to connect to the circuit connector of the first or second aspects.

According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a coupler for a humidification system, the coupler comprising: first connections configured to structurally and electrically connect the coupler to a base unit of the humidification system, the base unit configured to operatively engage a humidification chamber; second connections configured to electrically connect the coupler to a circuit connector that is configured to fluidly connect an outlet of the humidification chamber to a conduit to deliver heated and/or humidified gases to a patient or other person, wherein the coupler comprises one or more guide portions for orientating the humidification chamber and/or the circuit connector relative to the base unit as the humidification chamber and/or the circuit connector are brought into engagement with the coupler.

The first and second connections may be configured to be made by urging the humidification chamber and/or the circuit connector in substantially the same direction, i.e., the directions may be parallel.

According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a base unit for a humidification system, in which system a humidification chamber is configured to be engageable with the base unit, a circuit connector is configured to fluidly connect to an outlet of the humidification chamber, and an electrical terminal of the circuit connector is configured to electrically connect to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit, the base unit comprising: one or more guide portions for orientating the humidification chamber and/or the circuit connector relative to the base unit as the humidification chamber and/or the circuit connector are brought into engagement with the base unit.

According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a base unit for a humidification system, in which system a humidification chamber is configured to be engageable with the base unit, a circuit connector is configured to fluidly connect to an outlet of the humidification chamber, and an electrical terminal of the circuit connector is configured to electrically connect to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit, wherein the base unit is configured to receive the humidification chamber in a direction substantially the same or parallel to a direction in which the electrical terminal of the base unit is configured to electrically connect to the electrical terminal of the circuit connector.

In some configurations, the base unit has an insert block that is positioned between the electrical terminal of the circuit connector and the electrical terminal associated with the base unit. In some such configurations, the insert block is mounted to the base unit. In some such configurations, the base unit comprises a removable coupler and the insert block is mounted to the removable coupler. In some such configurations, the insert block has a body and the removable coupler has a hood with the body of the insert block being sized and configured to be received within the hood of the removable coupler. In some such configurations, the insert block has a downwardly facing contact surface. In some such configurations, one or more contact terminals protrude downwardly beyond the downwardly facing contact surface.

According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a humidification system comprising: a circuit connector of the first or second aspects; and/or a medical tube of the third aspect; and/or a humidification chamber of the fourth or fifth aspects; and/or a coupler of the sixth aspect; and/or a base unit of the seventh or eighth aspects.

Electrical and/or fluid and/or structural connections may be effected between the various components listed in the ninth aspect, with the details thereof being specified with regards the first through eighth aspects.

According to a tenth aspect, there is provided a humidification system comprising: a base unit; a humidification chamber configured to operatively connect to the base unit, the humidification chamber comprising an outer body defining a chamber, an inlet port comprising a wall defining a passage into the chamber, and an outlet port comprising a wall defining a passage out of the chamber; and a circuit connector configured to connect the outlet port to a gases delivery conduit, wherein connection of the circuit connector to the outlet port is made in substantially the same direction as the connection of the humidification chamber to the base unit.

The circuit connector may comprise an electrical terminal configured to electrically connect the gases delivery conduit and/or the circuit connector to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit.

The electrical terminal of the circuit connector may connect to the electrical terminal associated with the base unit in substantially the same direction as the connection of the circuit connector to the outlet port of the humidification chamber and/or the connection of the humidification chamber to the base unit. Said direction may be substantially horizontal.

Any one or more of the base unit, the humidification chamber, the circuit connector or a coupler provided between the humidification chamber and the base unit may include an orientator to control relative orientation of at least one of the others of the base unit, the humidification chamber, the circuit connector or the coupler.

According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided a humidification system comprising: a base unit; a humidification chamber configured to operatively connect to the base unit, the humidification chamber comprising an outer body defining a chamber, an inlet port comprising a wall defining a passage into the chamber, and an outlet port comprising a wall defining a passage out of the chamber; and a circuit connector configured to connect the outlet port to a gases delivery conduit, the circuit connector comprising an electrical terminal configured to electrically connect to an electrical terminal associated with the base unit, wherein any one or more of the base unit, the humidification chamber, the circuit connector or a coupler provided between the humidification chamber and the base unit may include an orientator to control relative orientation of at least one of the others of the base unit, the humidification chamber, the circuit connector or the coupler.

The humidification system may comprise a pressurized gas source, the pressurized gas source comprising an outlet, the outlet of the pressurized gas source being connected or connectable to the inlet port of the humidification chamber, the humidification chamber defining a flow passage between the pressurized gas source and outlet port.

The circuit connector may be configured to provide a releasable and lockable connection to the outlet port of the humidification chamber.

The humidification chamber may be releasably and lockably engageable with the base unit.

The circuit connector is preferably not fixedly or lockably attachable to the base unit and/or the circuit connector is preferably not fixedly or lockably attachable to a coupler located between the circuit connector and the base unit.

According to a twelfth aspect, there is provided a method of attaching components of a humidification system, the method comprising: slidably engaging a humidification chamber to a base unit in a first direction; and slidably engaging a circuit connector to an outlet of the humidification chamber in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially the same.

Said slidably engaging the circuit connector to the outlet of the humidification chamber may result in or effect electrical connection of the circuit connector to the base unit and/or a control module associated with the base unit.

According to a thirteenth aspect, there is provided a method of attaching components of a humidification system, the method comprising: slidably engaging a circuit connector to an outlet of a humidification chamber in a first direction; and slidably engaging the humidification chamber and the circuit connector to a base unit in a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are substantially the same.

Said slidably engaging the humidification chamber and the circuit connector to a base unit may result in or effect electrical connection of the circuit connector to the base unit and/or a control module associated with the base unit. The first and second directions may be substantially horizontal.

For purposes of summarizing the disclosure and the advantages achieved over the prior art, certain objects and advantages have been described herein. It is to be understood that not necessarily all such objects or advantages need to be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment. Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosed configuration or configurations may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught or suggested herein without necessarily achieving other advantages as may be taught or suggested herein. All of these embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the following drawings, which are illustrative but should not be limiting of the present invention.

Certain embodiments and examples of humidification systems and/or apparatus and/or methods are described herein. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments and/or uses and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the invention herein disclosed should not be limited by any particular embodiments described herein.

For a more detailed understanding of the disclosure, reference is first made to <FIG>, which shows an example breathing circuit which includes one or more medical tubes. Such a breathing circuit may be a continuous, variable, or bi-level positive airway pressure (PAP) system or other form of respiratory therapy.

Gases may be transported in the breathing circuit of <FIG> as follows. Dry or relatively dry gases pass from a gases source <NUM> to a humidifier <NUM>, which humidifies the dry gases. The gases source <NUM> may be, for example, a ventilator or a blower. The humidifier <NUM> connects to an end <NUM> of an inspiratory tube <NUM> via a port <NUM>, thereby supplying humidified gases to the inspiratory tube <NUM>, which may be configured to deliver breathing gases to a patient. The gases flow through the inspiratory tube <NUM> to a Y-piece <NUM>, and then to a patient <NUM> through a patient interface <NUM> connected to the Y-piece <NUM>. An expiratory tube <NUM> also connects to the patient interface <NUM> through the Y-piece <NUM> and may be configured to move exhaled gases away from the patient <NUM>. Here, the expiratory tube <NUM> returns exhaled gases from the patient <NUM> to the gases source <NUM>.

In this example, dry or relatively dry gases enter the gases source <NUM> through a vent <NUM>. A fan <NUM> may improve gas flow into the gases source <NUM> by drawing air or other gases through the vent <NUM>. The fan <NUM> may be, for instance, a variable speed fan, where an electronic controller <NUM> controls the fan speed. In particular, the function of the electronic controller <NUM> may be controlled by an electronic master controller <NUM> in response to inputs to the master controller <NUM> and a user-set predetermined required value (preset value) of pressure or fan speed via a dial <NUM>.

The humidifier <NUM> comprises a humidification chamber <NUM> containing a volume of water <NUM> or other suitable humidifying liquid. The humidification chamber <NUM> is removable from the humidifier <NUM> after use to allow the humidification chamber <NUM> to be more readily sterilized or disposed. The body of the humidification chamber <NUM> may be formed from a nonconductive glass or plastics material, but the humidification chamber <NUM> may also include conductive components. For instance, the humidification chamber <NUM> may include a highly heat-conductive base (for example, an aluminum base) contacting or associated with a heater plate <NUM> on the humidifier <NUM>.

The humidifier <NUM> may also include electronic controls. In this example, the humidifier <NUM> includes an electronic, analog, or digital master controller <NUM>. The master controller <NUM> may be a microprocessor-based controller executing computer software commands stored in associated memory. In response to humidity or temperature values provided via a user interface <NUM>, for example, and other inputs, the master controller <NUM> determines when (or to what level) to energize the heater plate <NUM> to heat the water <NUM> within the humidification chamber <NUM>.

Any suitable patient interface may be incorporated. Patient interface is a broad term and is to be given its ordinary and customary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art (that is, it is not to be limited to a special or customized meaning) and includes, without limitation, masks (such as tracheal mask, face masks, and nasal masks), cannulas, and nasal pillows. A temperature probe <NUM> may connect to the inspiratory tube <NUM> near the Y-piece <NUM>, or directly to the Y-piece <NUM> or the patient interface <NUM>. The temperature probe <NUM> monitors the temperature of the flow of gases near or at the patient interface <NUM>. A heating filament (not shown) may be used to adjust the temperature of the patient interface <NUM>, the Y-piece <NUM>, and/or the inspiratory tube <NUM> to raise the temperature of the flow of gases above the saturation temperature, thereby reducing the opportunity for unwanted condensation.

In <FIG>, exhaled gases are returned from the patient interface <NUM> to the gases source <NUM> via the expiratory tube <NUM>. The expiratory tube <NUM> may have a temperature probe and/or heating filament, as described above with respect to the inspiratory tube <NUM>, integrated with it to reduce the opportunity for condensation. Furthermore, the expiratory tube <NUM> need not return exhaled gases to the gases source <NUM>. Alternatively, exhaled gases may be passed directly to ambient surroundings or to other ancillary equipment, such as an air scrubber/filter (not shown). In certain embodiments, the expiratory tube <NUM> is omitted altogether.

The system of <FIG> may be readily adapted for other applications involving the supply of a heated and/or humidified gas flow to a user or patient, including but not limited to laparoscopy, ventilation, and the like. Such applications may use alternative gases, operating parameters (e.g., flow, pressure, temperature, or humidity) and patient interfaces.

Example embodiments described herein below may be configured for incorporation in the system of <FIG>, or a similar system, and the further description should be read in combination with the disclosure relating to <FIG>.

<FIG> illustrate a humidification apparatus <NUM> according to an example embodiment. In <FIG>, some portions are removed to show additional detail. The apparatus includes a circuit connector <NUM> that pneumatically connects a medical tube or conduit <NUM> to an outlet <NUM> of a humidification chamber <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the outlet <NUM> may terminate in a substantially horizontal portion that is angled away from a base unit <NUM> when the humidification chamber <NUM> is installed on the base unit <NUM>. The conduit <NUM> may be an inspiratory limb of a patient circuit, i.e., configured to deliver humidified gases to a user, such as via a patient interface (not shown). An inlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> is configured to be fluidly connected to a source of pressurised gas. This may be positioned remote from the humidification apparatus <NUM> or form an integral part thereof, although it may be detachable therefrom. For example, the inlet <NUM> may be pneumatically coupled to a motorised fan in or associated with the base unit <NUM> that drives gases through the inlet <NUM>.

The circuit connector <NUM> further facilitates electrical connection to the base unit <NUM> via a coupler <NUM>. The coupler <NUM> may be integrally formed with the base unit <NUM> or may be a separate, replaceable module or cartridge. The ability to change modules may advantageously be used to enable use of different forms of humidification chamber and/or circuit connector. Additionally or alternatively, by comprising control circuitry, the module may be changed to alter the operation of the humidification apparatus <NUM>. The conduit <NUM> may comprise one or more resistive heating wires that provide for heating of gases flowing through the conduit and/or sensor wires that electrically or otherwise facilitate communication of signals relating to one or more parameters of the system. Thus, the term "electrical connection" is used to distinguish from "pneumatic connection" and should not be construed in a limiting way. For example, light signals via optical fibres may be communicated. Consequently, the circuit connector <NUM> may more generally communicatively and/or electrically connect the conduit <NUM> (and any associated peripheral equipment, such as sensors, for example) to the base unit <NUM>, such as via the coupler <NUM>.

The circuit connector <NUM> may include at least one button or switch <NUM>, which may be manually depressed to enable the circuit connector <NUM> (and hence also the conduit <NUM>) to be disconnected from the humidification chamber <NUM>. As will become apparent herein, the circuit connector <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> may become lockably engaged on connection therebetween with the at least one button or switch <NUM> being used to subsequently allow for disengaging the circuit connector <NUM> from the humidification chamber <NUM>. Any suitable connection may be used.

The base unit <NUM> further includes a panel <NUM> which may be used to mount a user display and/or controls. For example, various dials, switches, and other input means may be used to control operation of the device. Additionally or alternatively, a touch screen display may be used. The user display may display parameters of the system, warnings in the event of any errors or malfunctions, or prompts where user action is required, etc. Where a touch screen display is used, the same display may be used to present information to a user and receive inputs from a user, at least in part.

The base unit <NUM> includes a heater plate <NUM> as shown in <FIG>, which is controllably powered to heat the contents of the humidification chamber <NUM>. To achieve more rapid heating, the humidification chamber <NUM> may comprise a base plate <NUM> formed from a highly heat conductive material. Further, to ensure a good connection between the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> and the heater plate <NUM>, the two surfaces may be biased towards each other. For example, according to one embodiment, a lip <NUM> extends outwards from, or proximate to, the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> and is received under a projecting rim <NUM> of the base unit <NUM> as the humidification chamber <NUM> is slid onto the base unit <NUM>. The heater plate <NUM> may be spring mounted such that the heater plate <NUM> is urged upwards into the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>, with the lip <NUM> acting against the projecting rim <NUM>.

Referring again to <FIG>, the base unit <NUM> further includes a sprung latch bar <NUM>. To engage the humidification chamber <NUM> with the base unit <NUM>, the latch bar <NUM> is first depressed such that the lip <NUM> is able to be received under the projecting rim <NUM>. This may be conveniently performed by positioning the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> on the latch bar <NUM> and pressing the humidification chamber <NUM> downward and then toward the rear of the base unit <NUM>. When the humidification chamber <NUM> is fully engaged with the base unit <NUM>, the latch bar <NUM> can raise and act as a mechanical stop to prevent unintended removal of the humidification chamber <NUM> from the base unit <NUM>. To disengage the humidification chamber <NUM> from the base unit <NUM>, the latch bar <NUM> must first be depressed and then the humidification chamber <NUM> pulled away from the base unit <NUM> by sliding the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> across the surface of the heater plate <NUM> and then onto the latch bar <NUM>. As shown, the humidification chamber <NUM> may include gripping portions <NUM> that make it easier for a user to grip the humidification chamber <NUM> as it is pulled away from the base unit <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> may be oriented so as to be substantially parallel to the direction of motion of the humidification chamber <NUM> as it is slid on or off of the base unit <NUM>, at least at the end of the outlet <NUM> distal from the humidification chamber <NUM>. By configuring the apparatus in this way, it is possible to assemble the circuit connector <NUM>, the humidification chamber <NUM>, and the base unit <NUM> by either engaging the humidification chamber <NUM> with the base unit <NUM> and then attaching the circuit connector <NUM> to the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>, or attaching the circuit connector <NUM> to the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> and then engaging the humidification chamber <NUM> with the base unit <NUM>. The latter assembly option is made even simpler to follow because the circuit connector <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> are configured to lockably engage, which prevents separation of the circuit connector <NUM> from the outlet <NUM> while the humidification chamber <NUM> is slid onto the base unit <NUM>. Additionally, like the latter assembly option, the conduit <NUM> and the humidification chamber <NUM> may be preassembled for shipping, thereby eliminating one step from the setup process. Irrespective of the order of assembly, electrical or other connections between the conduit <NUM> and/or the circuit connector <NUM> to the coupler <NUM> and/or the base unit <NUM> may be made as the circuit connector <NUM> engages with the coupler <NUM>.

Similarly, disassembly may be performed in different sequences. More particularly, the circuit connector <NUM> may firstly be removed from the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>, followed by removal of the humidification chamber <NUM> from the base unit <NUM>. Alternatively, the humidification chamber <NUM> may be removed from the base unit <NUM> while the circuit connector <NUM> is still attached to the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>. The latter option may advantageously help reduce the likelihood of a spill of fluids during disassembly and disposal of the consumables from the base unit <NUM>.

To facilitate engagement of the circuit connector <NUM>, the humidification chamber <NUM>, and the base unit <NUM> on assembly thereof, various guides may be provided to control the orientation and/or position thereof relative to one another. More particularly, to enable the humidification chamber <NUM> to be slid into engagement with the base unit <NUM> and the coupler <NUM>, various orientation features may be provided on the humidification chamber <NUM> and/or the coupler <NUM> such that, particularly when the circuit connector <NUM> is attached to the outlet <NUM>, the component parts are brought readily and easily into alignment. For example, the humidification chamber <NUM> is able to be brought into full engagement with the base unit <NUM> such that the circuit connector <NUM> is also brought into engagement with the coupler <NUM>. As is disclosed herein below, the circuit connector <NUM> and/or the coupler <NUM> may additionally or alternatively include orientation features to help ensure that the circuit connector <NUM> is connected to the humidification chamber <NUM> with the circuit connector <NUM> properly oriented to allow for easy coupling of the circuit connector <NUM> and the humidification chamber <NUM> to the base unit <NUM> and the coupler <NUM>.

<FIG> are various alternative views of an example embodiment of the humidification chamber <NUM>. <FIG> are alternative views of the coupler <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the humidification chamber <NUM> may include a nose portion <NUM> and guide wings <NUM>. These features are configured to engage with a contoured recess <NUM> and slots <NUM>, respectively, in the coupler <NUM> (see <FIG>).

Further disclosure will make reference to a coordinate system in which the Z-axis extends vertically from the heater plate <NUM>, the Y-axis is aligned in the direction of engagement of the humidification chamber <NUM> with the base unit <NUM>, and the X-axis is perpendicular to both the Z- and Y-axes. Further, a width of the nose portion <NUM> is defined along the X-axis, a length of the nose portion <NUM> is defined along the Y-axis, and a height of the nose portion <NUM> is defined along the Z-axis.

In one embodiment, the nose portion <NUM> has a smaller width at a first end than at a second end of the nose portion <NUM>, the first end of the nose portion <NUM> being configured to be received first in the recess <NUM>. This provides some tolerance as to the position of the humidification chamber <NUM> along the X-axis (as well as rotationally about the Z-axis), in order for the nose portion <NUM> to be initially received in the recess <NUM>. Further, the wider second end of the nose portion <NUM> may serve to refine the location of the nose portion <NUM> (and hence also the humidification chamber <NUM>) along the X-axis (and rotationally about the Z-axis) in that the spacing or tolerance between the nose portion <NUM> and the recess <NUM> becomes reduced, thereby reducing the extent of relative movement.

In the embodiment shown, the recess <NUM> is configured such that the inclined sidewalls of the nose portion <NUM> abut corresponding and similarly inclined sidewalls of the recess <NUM>. Having the sidewalls of the nose portion <NUM> and the sidewalls of the recess <NUM> configured in this manner controls the position of the humidification chamber <NUM> not only along the X-axis but also rotationally about the Y- and/or Z-axes, since movement of the nose portion <NUM> along the X-axis in at least two locations along the length of the nose portion <NUM>, and also along the height of the nose portion <NUM>, is substantially inhibited.

It is, however, possible to achieve some of these benefits where the sidewalls of the nose portion <NUM> do not abut the sidewalls of the recess <NUM>. For example, if the nose portion <NUM> is configured as shown, but the sidewalls of the recess <NUM> are substantially parallel along their length and spaced apart by a distance greater than the greatest width of the nose portion <NUM> at the second end thereof, the configuration will still assist with initial insertion of the nose portion <NUM> into the recess <NUM> and at least significantly restrict movement of the nose portion <NUM> along the X-axis at the second end of the nose portion <NUM>, although some rotational movement about the Z-axis may be possible. A similar result is achieved if the sidewalls of the nose portion <NUM> are substantially parallel and the recess <NUM> narrows along its length along the Y-axis from its opening to a width at least as great as that of the nose portion <NUM>.

The nose portion <NUM> in combination with the recess <NUM> may additionally or alternatively provide tolerance along at least the Z-axis with regards to the initial placement of the humidification chamber <NUM>. Further, according to particular embodiments, the nose portion <NUM> and the recess <NUM> may cooperate to refine the location of the humidification chamber <NUM> along the Z-axis and/or rotationally about the X- and/or Y-axes.

This tolerance is provided in a similar manner to the tolerance in the X-direction. As shown for example in <FIG>, the height of the nose portion <NUM> is lower at the first end than at the second end, the height being measured from the base plate <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the recess <NUM> is similarly contoured, thereby providing for easy initial insertion followed by the refinement of position along the Z-axis on continued insertion of the humidification chamber <NUM> into full engagement with the base unit <NUM>. Similar to the description regarding width-wise tolerance along the X-axis, the opposing walls of the substantially downwardly facing underside of the recess <NUM> may not abut along the length thereof with the upwardly facing topside of the nose portion <NUM>. For example, one or the other may be orientated to be substantially parallel to the heater plate <NUM> with similar drawbacks to those mentioned previously. More particularly, while initial insertion may be facilitated, the degree of refinement of the position of the humidification chamber <NUM> along the Z-axis may be reduced and there may be less control to ensure that the base plate <NUM> is parallel to the heater plate <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the engagement of the guide wings <NUM> with the slots <NUM> provides sufficient movement restriction to reduce the need for alignment and engagement of the base plate <NUM> with the heater plate <NUM> via the projecting rim <NUM>. In some configurations, the base unit <NUM> may not include a projecting rim <NUM>. In some embodiments, the nose portion <NUM> may be provided in the absence of the guide wings <NUM>. However, the use of the guide wings <NUM> is preferred, at least in embodiments in which the heater plate <NUM> is spring mounted, so as to improve control of the positioning of the humidification chamber <NUM> along at least the Z-axis and/or to ensure that the heater plate <NUM> is substantially parallel to the base plate <NUM>. Conversely, the guide wings <NUM> may be provided in the absence of the nose portion <NUM>, but such a configuration is less preferable, since the nose portion <NUM> may more readily assist in the initial locating of the humidification chamber <NUM> and also perform the initial coarse adjustment thereof to refine the position, with the possibility of the guide wings <NUM> then being used to further refine the position of the humidification chamber <NUM> along the Z-axis and controlling the orientation about at least the X- and Y-axes. Where the nose portion <NUM> is omitted, the guide wings <NUM> may for example be mounted on a substantially rigid mount that extends vertically from the humidification chamber <NUM>, with the guide wings <NUM> extending laterally therefrom. The substantially rigid mount may be substantially planar, with a generally T-shaped cross-section. However, to increase strength and rigidity, the mount may comprise more substantial element(s) having thickness, but a thickness that does not generally bring the mount into direct contact with the coupler <NUM>.

For example, as shown in <FIG>, the guide wings <NUM> do not extend right to the first end of the nose portion <NUM>. Instead, they are spaced therefrom, thereby enabling initial engagement between the nose portion <NUM> and the recess <NUM> without engagement of the guide wings <NUM> with the slots <NUM>, this only occurring on continued engagement of the humidification chamber <NUM> with the base unit <NUM> after the relative positions between the two have been refined.

As will be apparent, alternative guide means may be substituted. For example, the nose portion <NUM> may be in the form of a contoured recess and vice versa such that a contoured recess of the humidification chamber <NUM> receives a nose portion or projection of the coupler <NUM>. Similarly the guide wings <NUM> may be substituted with grooves that receive wings or other projections on the coupler <NUM>. Other arrangements that perform the same function may also be used.

Also apparent from <FIG> and as shown more clearly in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, the circuit connector <NUM> may include a cutout <NUM> configured to accommodate a substantially vertical portion of the outlet <NUM>. Again, this helps to ensure that the circuit connector <NUM> is correctly oriented as it is inserted onto the end of the outlet <NUM> since full insertion is only possible with correct alignment. Further, this arrangement provides for a stronger coupling and allows for electrical connection as will be described below. Again, at least an initial portion of the cutout <NUM> may be angled or curved such that the first part of the cutout <NUM> that receives the vertical portion of the outlet <NUM> is wider than the outlet <NUM>, providing some tolerance as to the required initial alignment. However, where the outlet <NUM> is generally of a circular cross-section, this may not be required as some tolerance is inherently provided due to the circular shape of the outlet <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the circuit connector <NUM> may additionally or alternatively include an angled cutout <NUM> that receives a similarly angled protrusion <NUM> on the outlet <NUM>. Again this serves to obtain and secure orientation of the circuit connector <NUM> and the outlet <NUM> relative to one another.

Additionally or alternatively, guide means may be incorporated in the heater plate <NUM> and/or the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>. For example, a ridge in the heater plate <NUM> may be configured to be received in a slot in the base plate <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>, or vice versa.

A first embodiment of the circuit connector <NUM> is illustrated in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>. A first end of the circuit connector <NUM> (see <FIG>) is configured to receive and pneumatically seal an end of a respiratory tube or conduit <NUM> (see <FIG>).

The circuit connector <NUM> may comprise a main body <NUM> and an extending portion <NUM>. The interior of the main body <NUM> defines a channel that connects the conduit <NUM> to the horizontal portion of the outlet <NUM> to provide a continuous flow passage when assembled. A seal (e.g., an O-ring, double O-ring, or lip seals) may be provided between the contact surfaces between the interior of the main body <NUM> and the exterior of the outlet <NUM> to prevent leakage of gases being delivered.

The coupler <NUM> is shown including a shroud <NUM> which receives and covers the extending portion <NUM>. This may help to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of any spilled liquid coming into contact with electrical components of the circuit connector <NUM> and also serves to strengthen and rigidify the coupling. Further, the shroud <NUM> may assist in bringing the circuit connector <NUM> into engagement with the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM> and/or into engagement with the base unit <NUM>. More particularly, the shroud <NUM> provides a visual indication as to where the circuit connector <NUM> should be positioned. Further, the shroud <NUM> may provide some physical control over the location of the circuit connector <NUM>. For example, in the embodiment shown, at least the extending portion <NUM> of the circuit connector <NUM> is received against a portion of the wall of the shroud <NUM> opposing the heater plate <NUM>. This may occur particularly where the heater plate <NUM> is spring-mounted so as to bias the heater plate <NUM> towards the shroud <NUM>. Thus, at least the height (i.e., along the Z-axis) of the circuit connector <NUM> may be controlled. Having the shroud <NUM> provide a curved opposing wall may assist in locating the circuit connector <NUM> along the X-axis since the circuit connector <NUM> will be urged towards the center of the arc formed by the shroud <NUM>. The physical locating function of the shroud <NUM> is yet further improved by having the shroud <NUM> define a wall that at least partially encloses the circuit connector <NUM> so as to control not only an upper limit for the position of the circuit connector <NUM> but an actual location thereof.

<FIG> illustrate an embodiment of a lockable but releasable coupling between the circuit connector <NUM> and the outlet <NUM>. The circuit connector <NUM> includes the button <NUM> that may be manually actuated such as by a thumb or finger to enable the circuit connector <NUM> to be removed from the outlet <NUM>. The button <NUM> is formed from a resiliently elastic material and has a portion configured to be received in a recess <NUM> formed in the outer wall of the outlet <NUM>. Depression of the button <NUM> disengages an engaging portion of the button <NUM> from the recess <NUM>. <FIG> illustrate an alternative embodiment where the button <NUM> is formed from a substantially rigid material but may be spring mounted. Depression of the button <NUM> acts against the spring and disengages an engaging portion <NUM> of the button <NUM> from recesses in an outer wall of the outlet <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrate an alternative embodiment where the button <NUM>, or at least the engaging portion <NUM> thereof, is resiliently elastic whereby at least a portion of the button <NUM> deforms to disengage the engaging portion <NUM> from recesses <NUM> in the outlet <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrate an alternative embodiment of the circuit connector <NUM>. In <FIG>, part of the circuit connector <NUM> is removed to show additional detail. According to this embodiment, the buttons <NUM> are positioned on sides of the circuit connector <NUM>, as this may be more convenient in being placed at natural contact points for a user when attempting to disconnect the circuit connector <NUM> from the outlet <NUM>. The buttons <NUM> are integral with or operably coupled to an elastically deformable ring <NUM>. Depression of the buttons <NUM> disengages the ring <NUM> from recesses formed in at least one of the upper and lower outer surfaces of the outlet <NUM>, allowing the circuit connector <NUM> to be removed. <FIG> also show a cavity <NUM> for housing electrical or other connections. As alternative to recesses, protrusions <NUM> may be used in the outlet <NUM> as shown in cross-section in <FIG>. This applies to this and other embodiments disclosed herein. In some such embodiments, when the circuit connector <NUM> is coupled to the outlet <NUM>, the top of the ring <NUM> rests behind (or closer to the base unit <NUM> than) the protrusion <NUM>. To disengage the circuit connector <NUM> from the outlet <NUM>, the buttons <NUM> are depressed to deform the ring <NUM> such that the top of the ring <NUM> rises above the level of the protrusion <NUM> and then the circuit connector <NUM> can be removed from the outlet <NUM>. A further embodiment is shown in <FIG> and <FIG> wherein the electrical terminal is in the form of an edge card <NUM>. Further shown is a groove <NUM> configured to receive a seal such as an o-ring.

Example electrical connections <NUM> are shown in <FIG>. The electrical connections may be provided in the extending portion <NUM> of the circuit connector <NUM> such that they extend beyond the pneumatic connection and electrically and/or communicatively couple to a cooperative connector <NUM> on the coupler <NUM> as shown in <FIG>. As shown in <FIG>, the electrical and other connections may be formed by blade contacts that are received in respective recesses in the coupler <NUM> that house contacts for connecting thereto. Other connectors such as pins may alternatively be used but blade contacts are advantageous in providing some tolerance in the exact relative positioning of the blades in the recesses. In the embodiment shown, some vertical tolerance is provided for.

According to an alternative embodiment, the electrical contacts comprise one or more pogo or spring pin contacts that include spring-mounted pins housed in passages that allow them to vary the extent to which they protrude from the housing, thereby providing tolerance in the relative positions of the circuit connector <NUM> and the coupler <NUM> along the axes of the pins. Further, the ability for the pins to become depressed may make insertion of the pins into the apertures that house cooperating or mating connectors easier.

According to another alternative embodiment, the electrical connections comprise edge card connectors or card edge connectors, wherein a first part of the connector has one or more conductive tracks provided on a printed circuit board and configured to make contact with one or more pins of a second part of the connector.

<FIG> is a cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the circuit connector <NUM> engaged with the outlet <NUM> of the humidification chamber <NUM>. In this embodiment, the circuit connector <NUM> has a male connection such that at least a portion of the circuit connector <NUM> is received inside the outlet <NUM>. An o-ring <NUM> or other seal is used to seal between the male parts and the inside wall of the outlet <NUM>.

<FIG> shows a view similar to that of <FIG> but modified such that the outlet <NUM> is configured as the male part that mates with the inner wall of the inlet of the circuit connector <NUM>. Again, an o-ring <NUM> or other seal may be be used to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of leakage.

With reference now to <FIG>, a humidification system <NUM> is illustrated therein. The humidification system <NUM> may have any suitable configuration. The humidification system <NUM> may be used in conjunction with other components for supplying heated and/or humidified gases for continuous, variable, or bi-level positive airway pressure (PAP) or any other type of respiratory therapy. It also may be used in conjunction with devices for surgical applications, such as for laparoscopic surgery or the like.

The illustrated humidification system <NUM> comprises a base <NUM> that receives a humidification chamber <NUM>. A supply conduit <NUM> and a delivery conduit <NUM> may be connected to the humidification chamber <NUM>. The supply conduit <NUM> may deliver to the humidification chamber <NUM> a flow of gases to be humidified. The delivery conduit <NUM> may deliver to a user or patient the flow of gases after they have been humidified within the chamber <NUM>.

In some configurations, the base <NUM> includes an electrical connection to one or both of the supply conduit <NUM> and the delivery conduit <NUM> (e.g., an inspiratory limb). In the illustrated configuration, the base <NUM> comprises a cartridge or coupler <NUM>. The cartridge or coupler <NUM> may be integrally formed with the base <NUM> or may be a separate, replaceable module or cartridge. One or both of the conduits <NUM>, <NUM> may include one or more wires. The wires may comprise one or more resistive heating wires that provide for heating of the conduit wall and/or gases flow. The wires may comprise one or more sensor wires that facilitate the communication of signals relating to one or more parameters of the system <NUM>. Thus, the term "electrical connection" is used in its broadest meaning and should include light signals via fibre optics or the like, for example but without limitation.

The illustrated delivery conduit <NUM> comprises a connector <NUM>. The connector <NUM> facilitates the electrical connection between the conduit <NUM> and the cartridge <NUM>. The connector <NUM> also facilitates a pneumatic connection between the conduit <NUM> and the chamber <NUM>. Thus, the connector <NUM> facilitates both the electrical connection between the base <NUM> (through the cartridge <NUM>) and the conduit <NUM> as well as the pneumatic connection between the chamber <NUM> and the conduit <NUM>.

The connector <NUM> in the illustrated configuration is constructed to connect in a horizontal direction (i.e., a direction parallel to a direction of insertion of the chamber <NUM> into or onto the base <NUM>). The connector <NUM> is constructed to connect electrically to the cartridge <NUM> in the horizontal direction. The connector <NUM> is constructed to connect pneumatically to the chamber <NUM> in the horizontal direction. The connector <NUM> is constructed to connect to both the cartridge <NUM> and the chamber <NUM> in the same horizontal direction.

The connections between the cartridge or coupler <NUM>, the chamber <NUM>, and the connector <NUM> are better shown in <FIG>. As illustrated, the cartridge <NUM> may include a hood portion <NUM> that overlies an electrical connector (e.g., an electrical junction <NUM> as shown in <FIG>) of the cartridge <NUM>. The hood portion <NUM> may extend forward of the base <NUM> in a generally horizontal direction.

The hood portion <NUM> may include a recess <NUM> along a vertically extending portion. The recess <NUM> is sized, positioned and configured to receive a portion of the connector <NUM> that comprises a release button <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, at least a portion of the hood <NUM> extends further along an upper portion of the connector <NUM> (when connected to the cartridge <NUM>) from the base <NUM> relative to the location of the release button <NUM> on the connector <NUM>. Other configurations are possible.

With reference to <FIG>, in the illustrated configuration, an insert block <NUM> may facilitate the electrical connection between the connector <NUM> and the cartridge <NUM>. In some configurations, droplets of water or other moisture may be present on the connector <NUM>. The insert block <NUM> helps to isolate the cartridge <NUM> from the water or other moisture while facilitating the desired electrical connection between the connector <NUM> and the cartridge <NUM>.

The insert block <NUM> may be mounted to the connector <NUM> or to the cartridge <NUM>. In some configurations, the insert block <NUM> is not mounted to either of the connector <NUM> or the cartridge <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the insert block <NUM> is mounted to the cartridge <NUM>. By mounting the insert block <NUM> to the cartridge <NUM>, the likelihood of the insert block <NUM> becoming misplaced during changing of the conduit <NUM> or the like is significantly decreased. By not mounting the insert block <NUM> to the connector <NUM>, changing of the conduit <NUM> is simplified and there is less waste as compared to an insert block <NUM> that might be discarded with the conduit <NUM> following each use.

With reference to <FIG>, the insert block <NUM> has a first electrical junction <NUM> and a second electrical junction <NUM>. The first electrical junction <NUM> is sized, positioned and configured to engage with an electrical connector of the cartridge <NUM>. The second electrical junction <NUM> is sized, positioned and configured to engage with electrical contacts <NUM> (see <FIG>) of the connector <NUM>. The first electrical junction <NUM> and the second electrical junction <NUM> may be joined together in any suitable manner. Advantageously, the insert block <NUM> transforms a generally horizontal connection between the first electrical junction <NUM> and an electrical connector of the cartridge <NUM> into a generally vertical connection between the second electrical junction <NUM> and the electrical contacts <NUM> of the connector <NUM>.

The insert block <NUM> comprises a body <NUM>. The body <NUM> is sized and configured to be received within the hood <NUM>. In some configurations, the body <NUM> is sized and configured to be retained within the hood <NUM>. In some configurations, the hood <NUM> comprises one or more alignment features <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the alignment features <NUM> of the hood <NUM> comprise rails <NUM>. The rails <NUM> may have any suitable configuration. In the illustrated configuration, two rails <NUM> are aligned to each other on diametrically opposed sides of the hood <NUM>. Moreover, as illustrated in <FIG>, the illustrated cartridge <NUM> also comprises a flange <NUM>. The flange <NUM> may be integrally formed with the rails <NUM> or may be a separate feature from the rails <NUM>. The flange <NUM> extends generally horizontally and projects forward from a rear wall of the cavity that receives the connector <NUM>. The flange <NUM> is enshrouded by the hood <NUM>. In some configurations, the flange <NUM> has a stepped configuration with a distal end having a reduced thickness relative to a proximal end, wherein the proximal end is closer to the rear wall of the cavity than the distal end.

The body <NUM> includes a mounting boss <NUM>. A recess <NUM> may be defined between the mounting boss <NUM> and another portion of the body <NUM> that extends to the first electrical junction <NUM>. The recess <NUM> may be sized and configured to receive at least a portion of the flange <NUM>. In particular, an engagementportion <NUM> of the body <NUM> may be spaced apart from the mounting boss <NUM> by the recess <NUM>. Other configurations are possible.

The mounting boss <NUM> may include channels <NUM>. The channels <NUM> may be sized, positioned and configured to receive the rails <NUM>. The channels <NUM> may have a shorter length than the length of the rails <NUM> such that a significant portion of the rails <NUM> are exposed beyond the mounting boss <NUM> when the insert block <NUM> has been secured within the hood <NUM>.

The engagement portion <NUM> of the body <NUM> may comprise one or more retention elements <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the one or more retention elements <NUM> may each comprise a deflectable tab. At least one deflectable tab <NUM> may be positioned on each opposing side of the body <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the body <NUM> has a deflectable tab <NUM> disposed on each lateral side of the body <NUM>.

The tabs <NUM> may include a catch element <NUM>. The catch element <NUM> may extend laterally away from the body <NUM>. In some configurations, the catch element <NUM> may extend generally normal from a recess that spaces at least a portion of the deflectable tab <NUM> from the body <NUM>. In some configurations, a proximal portion of the deflectable tab <NUM>, including the catch element <NUM>, may be shaped to encourage deflection of the tab <NUM> inwardly toward the body <NUM> during insertion of the insert block <NUM> into the hood <NUM>. For example, the proximal surface of the catch element <NUM> may taper when viewed from the top.

The body <NUM> includes a distal end <NUM>. Proximally of the distal end <NUM>, an upper surface of the body <NUM> may be shaped to match the inner surface of the hood <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, both are curved.

The distal end <NUM> of the body <NUM> may be recessed within the hood <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the distal end <NUM> may be shaped and configured to complement an adjoining end of the connector <NUM>. For example, in the illustrated configuration, the distal end <NUM> of the body <NUM> may taper slightly.

A contact surface <NUM> may be positioned between the distal end <NUM> and the mounting boss <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the contact surface <NUM> faces downward. In some configurations, the contact surface <NUM> is generally planar.

The contact surface includes one or more openings through which contact terminals <NUM> may extend. The contact terminals <NUM> may define at least a portion of the second electrical junction <NUM>. The contact terminals <NUM> may have any suitable configuration.

In some configurations, the contact terminals <NUM> are sprung terminals that have been configured to minimize or reduce surfaces to which water may adhere. In some configurations, the contact terminals <NUM> are sprung terminals that have been configured to minimize or reduce surfaces upon which a cloth may catch during wiping or cleaning. In a relaxed state, the contact terminals <NUM> advantageously protrude downward beyond the contact surface <NUM>. When compressed, the contact terminals <NUM> may be at least partially deflected into the body <NUM>.

With reference to <FIG>, in some configurations, the body <NUM> may include an encircling groove <NUM>. The groove <NUM> may be positioned rearward of a post <NUM> that connects the mounting boss <NUM> to the engagement portion <NUM>. In some configurations, the groove <NUM> may receive a sealing component <NUM>. In some such configurations, the sealing component <NUM> may be a seal, an o-ring or the like. In some configurations, neither the groove <NUM> nor the sealing component <NUM> are present.

With reference to <FIG>, the insert block <NUM> may be inserted into the hook <NUM>. During insertion, the rails <NUM> are positioned within the channels <NUM>. The insert block <NUM> is slid proximally until the flange <NUM> is received within the recess <NUM>. If present, the sealing component <NUM> may be compressed between the engagement portion <NUM> and the surrounding portions of the cartridge <NUM>. During insertion, features on an inner surface of the hood <NUM> may cause the tabs <NUM> to deflect inwardly toward the body <NUM> until the catch elements <NUM> are proximal of the features on the inner surface, at which point the tabs <NUM> may return to a relaxed state with the catch elements <NUM> positioned proximally of the features on the inner surface. Any suitable configuration to secure the insert block <NUM> within the hood <NUM> may be used. Once inserted and secured in position, the first electrical junction <NUM> (e.g., receptacles) may be in electrical contact with corresponding elements (e.g., pins) of an electrical connector of the cartridge <NUM>. Once the insert block <NUM> is installed, the second electrical junction <NUM> (e.g., the terminals <NUM>) is easily accessed for drying, wiping, cleaning or the like. In addition, due to the configuration of the terminals <NUM>, coatings applied to the terminals <NUM>, or the like, water and other liquids are not likely to remain on or adhere to the terminals <NUM>.

With reference now to <FIG>, the connector <NUM> will be described in further detail. The connector <NUM> may be secured to the end of the conduit <NUM> in any suitable manner.

With reference to <FIG>, the connector <NUM> generally comprises an inner plug <NUM>. The conduit <NUM> may be threaded onto the illustrated inner plug <NUM> and secured thereto using overmoulding or any other suitable technique. In some configurations, a seal <NUM> may be positioned on an outer surface of the inner plug <NUM>. The seal <NUM> may be used to help form a pneumatic seal with an inner surface of a port of the chamber <NUM>.

The inner plug <NUM> also carries a printed circuit board <NUM>. The printed circuit board <NUM> may include contact pads <NUM>. The contact pads <NUM> may have any suitable configuration. The contact pads <NUM> are sized, positioned and configured to be brought into contact with the terminals <NUM> of the second electrical junction <NUM> of the insert block <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, there are six contact pads <NUM> that are spaced equally from each other. The contact pads <NUM> may be spaced so as to decrease the likelihood of shorting due to the presence of water droplets.

With reference now to <FIG>, example embodiments of the connector <NUM> may have the contact pads <NUM> sized, positioned, and spaced according to various designs. <FIG> shows an example embodiment of the conduit connector <NUM>, showing the contact pads <NUM> uniformly sized and spaced, where the contact pads <NUM> are positioned in the order of heater pad, identification pad, sensor pad, sensor pad, identification pad, heater pad (which can be designated HISSIH), each suited for connection to a corresponding wire. <FIG> shows an example embodiment of the conduit connector <NUM>, showing the contact pads <NUM> uniformly spaced, and also in HISSIH order, but with longer heater pads that may help to ensure that the heater wire connections are made before, and broken after, the identification and sensor wire connections. <FIG> shows an example embodiment of the conduit connector <NUM>, with the contact pads <NUM> also having longer heater pads, but with non-uniformly spaced pads in the order SSIIHH, from top to bottom, which increases the space between the sensor pads and the heater pads. In an embodiment, the first sensor pad (at the top, as illustrated in <FIG>) is suited for connection to a positive sensor wire and the second sensor pad is suited for connection to a negative sensor wire, which helps to maximize the space between the positive sensor pad and the heater pads. Also, with reference to <FIG>, an embodiment of the connector <NUM> has the contact pads <NUM> in the order SSIIHH, from top to bottom, with longer heater pads and a gap between the heater pads and the other pads, again helping to maximize the space between the heater pads and the sensor pads.

<FIG> illustrates a portion of an alternate embodiment of the cartridge <NUM>, showing the insert block <NUM> with the electrical junction or contacts <NUM> under the hood portion <NUM>. In this embodiment, the electrical contacts <NUM> have spacing corresponding to the spacing of the contact pads <NUM> of <FIG>, in particular with a gap between the contacts that correspond to the heater pads and the contacts that correspond to the identification and sensor pads. <FIG> provide additional views of the alternate embodiment of the insert block <NUM> shown in <FIG>.

With reference again to <FIG>, the inner plug <NUM> may be retained within a cavity defined within a front cover <NUM> and a back cover <NUM>. The front cover <NUM> and the back cover <NUM> may be coupled together or coupled to the inner plug <NUM> to generally enclose the inner plug <NUM> within the covers <NUM>, <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the back cover <NUM> clips onto a portion of the inner plug <NUM> and the front cover <NUM>, and the front cover <NUM> also clips onto a portion of the inner plug <NUM>.

In some configurations, a seam between the front cover <NUM> and the back cover <NUM> is obscured by having at least a portion of one of the front cover <NUM> and the back cover <NUM> overlie a corresponding portion of the other of the two covers <NUM>, <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the front cover <NUM> includes a recess <NUM> over which a lip <NUM> of the back cover <NUM> slips. Thus, the lip <NUM> obscures the seam between the two covers <NUM>, <NUM> and an abutting relationship between the two covers <NUM>, <NUM> reduces the likelihood of water infiltrating the connector <NUM>.

In the illustrated configuration, a locking ring <NUM> may be secured between the front cover <NUM> and the inner plug <NUM>. The locking ring <NUM> includes the release buttons <NUM>. The release buttons <NUM> protrude through openings <NUM> provided in the front cover <NUM> and/or the rear cover <NUM>. The locking ring <NUM> is configured to latch onto a port of the chamber <NUM> and the locking ring <NUM> may be deflected by squeezing the release buttons <NUM> toward each other, which allows for removal of the locking ring <NUM> (and, therefore, the connector <NUM>) from the port of the chamber <NUM>.

With reference again to <FIG>, the illustrated front cover <NUM> has a slightly different configuration from the configuration illustrated in <FIG>. As illustrated in <FIG>, a distal end <NUM> of the front cover <NUM> may have a sloping face <NUM>. The sloping face <NUM> may result from the top portion of the front cover <NUM> extend further distally than the bottom portion of the front cover <NUM>. In some configurations, the sloping face <NUM> is generally planar. In some configurations, the sloping face <NUM> may be curvilinear. Other configurations are possible.

With reference to <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, the printed circuit board <NUM> may be supported by the front cover <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the front cover <NUM> incorporates a support region <NUM> that may be generally surrounded by an outer surface <NUM>. The support region <NUM> may underlie the printed circuit board <NUM>. The support region <NUM> may provide support to the printed circuit board <NUM> to reduce the likelihood of flexure or deflection of the printed circuit board <NUM> during connection and use of the connector <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration (see <FIG>), the support region may comprise one or more ribs or the like. In the illustrated configuration, the support region comprises a ledge that is formed around a rim that generally encircles the printed circuit board <NUM>. The illustrated ledge is recessed such that the printed circuit board <NUM> is either recessed or flush with the surrounding portion of the front cover <NUM>. The one or more ribs may extend under a more central portion of the printed circuit board <NUM> and may define supports for at least a central portion of the printed circuit board <NUM>. Any number of ribs may be used. In some configurations, other forms of support (bosses, plateaus or the like) may be used. In some configurations, no central supports are used.

With reference to <FIG>, the front cover <NUM> also comprises at least one channel <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the front cover <NUM> includes two channels <NUM>. The illustrated channels <NUM> are generally diametrically opposed. The channels <NUM> align with and receive the rails <NUM> of the hood <NUM>. As such, the channels <NUM> may help to align the connector <NUM> during coupling with the cartridge <NUM>. The channels <NUM> and the rails <NUM> also help to resist vertical movement (e.g., up and down), twisting (e.g., rotation relative to the axis of the lumen) and yawing (e.g., rotation relative to an axis normal to the axis of the lumen) of the connector <NUM> relative to the cartridge <NUM> when the two are coupled together.

With reference again to <FIG>, the front cover <NUM> comprises a furrow <NUM>. The furrow <NUM> extends over at least an upper portion of the front cover <NUM>. In the illustrated configuration, the furrow <NUM> has a lateral expanse that is at least as great as the width of the printed circuit board <NUM> (see <FIG>). The furrow <NUM> helps to divert away from the printed circuit board <NUM> liquids that may be spilled onto the connector <NUM>. The furrow <NUM> is thus proximal of the printed circuit board <NUM> and may be recessed into the front cover <NUM> such that at least a lip is defined between the furrow <NUM> and the printed circuit board <NUM>. Other configurations are possible.

With reference to <FIG>, the inner plug <NUM> defines a lumen <NUM>. The lumen <NUM> is in fluid communication with the conduit <NUM>. The lumen <NUM> has a distal end <NUM>. The distal end <NUM> has a non-normal configuration. In other words, the distal end <NUM> is not simply squared off relative to an axis of the lumen <NUM>. In some configurations, the distal end <NUM> is configured to complement the inner shape of a port of the humidification chamber <NUM> within which it will be inserted. In some configurations, the distal end <NUM> of the lumen <NUM> will slope and extend as far into the port as possible to improve the ability of condensate to drain back into the humidification chamber <NUM>. This is most clearly shown in <FIG>.

The distal end <NUM> of the lumen <NUM> has a sloping configuration. In the illustrated configuration, the distal end <NUM> of the lumen <NUM> slopes at a different slope relative to the sloping face <NUM> of the front cover <NUM>. The top of the lumen <NUM> projects further distally relative to the bottom of the lumen <NUM>. Moreover, the top of the lumen <NUM> projects forward of a forwardmost portion of the sloping face <NUM> of the front cover <NUM>. The top of the lumen <NUM> projects further distally than any portion of the front cover <NUM>. In some configurations, the front cover <NUM> projects distally of the bottom portion of the lumen <NUM> but the top portion of the lumen <NUM> projects further distally than the upper portion of the front cover <NUM>.

In some configurations, a recess angle R may be defined. The recess angle R may be the angle when viewed from the side between the upper portion of the front cover <NUM> and the upper portion of the lumen <NUM>. The recess angle R may be <NUM> degrees in some configurations. It is believed that, if the recess angle R is greater than <NUM> degrees and if condensate is drained from the conduit <NUM> with the connector <NUM> upside down (i.e., with the printed circuit board <NUM> horizontal and the contact pads <NUM> facing the floor), the likelihood of condensate dripping back onto the printed circuit board <NUM> is greatly reduced or eliminated.

With reference to <FIG>, in an alternate embodiment of the connector <NUM>, the outer support surface <NUM> may be flared, i.e., wider at the distal end <NUM> than by the furrow <NUM>. This flaring helps to ensure that the channels <NUM> are properly vertically aligned with the rails <NUM> during insertion of the connector <NUM> under the hood <NUM>.

Claim 1:
A coupler (<NUM>, <NUM>) for a humidification system (<NUM>), the coupler (<NUM>, <NUM>) comprising:
first connections configured to structurally and electrically connect the coupler (<NUM>, <NUM>) to a base unit (<NUM>) of the humidification system (<NUM>), the base unit (<NUM>) configured to operatively engage a humidification chamber (<NUM>);
an electrical terminal (<NUM>) configured to electrically connect the coupler (<NUM>, <NUM>) to electrical contacts (<NUM>) of a circuit connector (<NUM>, <NUM>) that is configured to fluidly connect an outlet of the humidification chamber to a conduit to deliver heated and/or humidified gases to a patient or other person,
a shroud or hood portion (<NUM>, <NUM>) configured to overly the electrical terminal (<NUM>) when the coupler (<NUM>, <NUM>) is connected to the base unit (<NUM>).