Patent Description:
Currently, in design of an antenna solution of an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a through-slot in metal is usually used to implement a communication function. To be specific, a plurality of spaced slots are disposed on a conductive frame, and a part between adjacent slots forms an antenna body of an antenna. In a current electronic device, a slot is usually disposed on two opposite edges of a frame of the electronic device, and therefore an antenna mainly generates horizontal mode excitation or vertical mode excitation. Consequently, the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation are not balanced. When the electronic device is held by a hand, the slot on the frame is easily blocked. In this case, the horizontal mode excitation or the vertical mode excitation of the antenna is weakened, causing a death grip. Consequently, radiation performance of the antenna is affected. <CIT> describes a mobile terminal that includes a metal frame including a base unit and a side unit, a main substrate located on a rear surface of the base unit, a display unit seated on a front surface of the base unit, and feed lines extending from the main substrate, connected to the side unit and supplying power to the side unit. The side unit includes a first conductive member including a first part and a second part, a second conductive member including a third part and a fourth part, a third conductive member located between the first and second conductive members, a first slit provided between the first and third conductive members and a second slit provided between the second and third conductive, and a length of the second part is two or more times a length of the first part. <CIT> describes an electronic device including a conductive housing and an antenna. The antenna includes an arm formed from a first segment of the housing. A gap separates the first segment from a second segment. Respective first and second slots separate an antenna ground from the first and second segments. The antenna has a first positive antenna feed terminal on the first segment and a second positive antenna feed terminal on the second segment. A transmission line includes a signal conductor having a first branch coupled to the first positive antenna feed terminal and a second branch coupled to the second positive antenna feed terminal. A switch is interposed on the second branch for switching the antenna between a first mode in which the second slot is directly fed and a second mode in which the second segment is indirectly fed by the first segment. <CIT> describes an antenna structure including a metallic member, a feed portion, a ground portion and a radiating portion. <CIT> describes a device including a display and a housing. The housing surrounds the display and has four corners defining portions of an exterior surface of the device. The housing includes a first housing segment defining at least part of a first corner of the four corners and configured to operate as an antenna.

This application provides an antenna and an electronic device, to resolve a problem that horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation of an antenna are not balanced, so that the antenna still has relatively good antenna radiation performance in a handheld state. Any embodiments described herein that fall outside of the scope of the claims are included for illustrative purposes only.

According to a first aspect, this application provides an antenna. The antenna includes an L-shaped antenna body. The antenna body includes a first section and a second section that intersects with the first section. The antenna body includes a feed point and a grounding point that are disposed with an interval. The feed point is configured to connect to a radio frequency front end. The grounding point is used for grounding. The antenna body includes a first end and a second end that are away from each other. The first end is an end that is of the first section and that is far away from the second section. The second end is an end that is of the second section and that is far away from the first section. An electrical length between the feed point and the first end is greater than an electrical length between the feed point and the second end. The antenna body generates resonance of quarter of a first wavelength between the feed point and the first end, and the antenna body generates resonance of half of a second wavelength between the first end and the second end. The first wavelength is greater than the second wavelength.

The antenna may be of a frame antenna (namely, an antenna whose antenna body is a frame of an electronic device), an antenna form of a flexible printed circuit (Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC), an antenna form of a laser direct structuring (Laser-Direct-structuring, LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (Microstrip Disk Antenna, MDA), or the like. When the antenna is in the antenna form of a flexible printed circuit, the antenna body may be of a linear strip structure, and during use, the antenna body is bent to form the L-shaped antenna body.

The antenna body generates the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength between the feed point and the first end. In other words, the electrical length between the feed point and the first end is approximately quarter of the first wavelength, so that the antenna body can generate the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength between the feed point and the first end. The antenna body generates the resonance of half of the second wavelength between the first end and the second end. In other words, an electrical length between the first end and the second end is approximately half of the second wavelength, so that the antenna body can generate the resonance of half of the second wavelength between the first end and the second end. In some embodiments, the first wavelength and the second wavelength are operating wavelengths of signals whose radiation frequencies fall within a same frequency band (for example, B28, B5, or B8) in an LTE standard.

In this embodiment of this application, the electrical length between the feed point and the first end is greater than the electrical length between the feed point and the second end, and therefore it is set that an electrical length of a section (a section between the feed point and the first end) of a relatively long electrical length is approximately a quarter wavelength, to generate the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength between the feed point and the first end, so that the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength in this embodiment of this application can have a relatively large radiation aperture. Therefore, the antenna has relatively good radiation performance. Mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to a side on which the first end is located can be generated based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength between the feed point and the first end and that is generated by the antenna body. In this embodiment of this application, the first end is an end that is of the first section and that is far away from the second section. However, in some embodiments, the first section is located in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, that is, horizontal mode excitation or vertical mode excitation can be generated based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is of the antenna. The resonance of half of the second wavelength is formed between the first end and the second end, and the antenna body is L-shaped, and therefore mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the first section and mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the second section can be generated. In some embodiments, horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation can be generated, which can assist in enhancing the mode excitation generated based on the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength, so that horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation of the antenna can be relatively balanced. Therefore, the antenna still has relatively good antenna radiation performance in a handheld state. In other words, in this application, the antenna body can generate both the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength, and the mode excitation generated based on the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and mode excitation in the other direction can be enhanced by using the resonance of half of the second wavelength, so that the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation of the antenna are relatively balanced.

The mode excitation means that port excitation is added to the antenna to enable the antenna to generate a different mode. The mode excitation is represented by different distribution of characteristic currents generated by excitation on the antenna. For example, in this embodiment of this application, the mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the side on which the first end is located is generated based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is of the antenna, that is, a main flow direction of a characteristic current generated after excitation is added to the antenna ground is perpendicular to the direction of the side on which the first end is located. When the direction of the side on which the first end is located is the horizontal direction, vertical mode excitation is mainly generated. When the direction of the side on which the first end is located is the vertical direction, horizontal mode excitation is mainly generated. The mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the first section and the mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the second section are generated based on the resonance that is of half of the second wavelength and that is of the antenna, that is, a main flow direction of a characteristic current generated after excitation is added to the antenna ground is perpendicular to the direction of the side on which the first end is located and a direction of a side on which the second end is located.

In this embodiment of this application, the first wavelength is greater than the second wavelength, that is, a frequency of the resonance generated between the feed point and the first end is less than a frequency of the resonance generated between the first end and the second end, to avoid generating an efficiency pit when the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength are at a same operating frequency band, so that the antenna can have good radiation performance at the operating frequency band.

A difference between the frequency of the resonance generated between the feed point and the first end and the frequency of the resonance generated between the first end and the second end ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>, to implement better compatibility between the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength. Therefore, the antenna can have good radiation performance both in free space and in the handheld state.

In some embodiments, the antenna includes a first switching circuit, a first connection point is disposed on the antenna body, the first connection point is located on a side that is of the feed point and the grounding point and that is far away from the second end, one end of the first switching circuit connects to the first connection point, and the other end is grounded, and the first switching circuit is configured to change the electrical length between the feed point and the first end. In this embodiment of this application, the first switching circuit connects to the first connection point, that is, the first switching circuit connects to the antenna body through the first connection point. In this way, the electrical length between the feed point and the first end and the electrical length between the first end and the second end can be changed by using the first switching circuit, to change the operating frequencies of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength.

In some embodiments, the first connection point may be alternatively located on a side that is of the feed point and the grounding point and that is far away from the first end, to change the electrical length between the feed point and the second end and the electrical length between the first end and the second end, so as to change the operating frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength.

In some embodiments, the antenna includes a second switching circuit, a second connection point is further disposed on the antenna body, the feed point and the grounding point are located between the first connection point and the second connection point, one end of the second switching circuit connects to the second connection point, and the other end is grounded, and the second switching circuit is configured to change the electrical length between the feed point and the second end. In this embodiment of this application, the second switching circuit connects to the second connection point, that is, the second switching circuit connects to the antenna body through the second connection point, to change the electrical length between the feed point and the second end. The first switching circuit changes the electrical length between the feed point and the first end, to change the operating frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength. The second switching circuit cooperates with the first switching circuit, to change an electrical length (namely, the electrical length between the first end and the second end) of the antenna body, so as to change the operating frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength.

It may be understood that in some embodiments, a position of the first switching circuit and a position of the second switching circuit may be interchanged.

In some embodiments, the first switching circuit includes a first switch and a plurality of different first tuning elements that are grounded, and the first switch connects to the different first tuning elements through switching, to change the electrical length between the feed point and the first end. The first switch connects to different first tuning elements through switching, so that different first tuning elements connect to the antenna body. The different first tuning elements may be tuning elements of different types, for example, may be capacitors, inductors, or resistors. Alternatively, the different first tuning elements may be tuning elements that are of a same type and that differ in specification and size. For example, all the tuning elements are inductors, but the tuning elements have different inductance values. Different first tuning elements connect to the antenna body, to change the electrical length between the first end and the second end and the electrical length between the feed point and the first end that are of the antenna body, so as to adjust the operating frequencies of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength that are generated by the antenna body.

In some embodiments, the first switching circuit includes a first switch and a plurality of different first tuning elements that are grounded, the second switching circuit includes a second switch and a plurality of different second tuning elements that are grounded, the plurality of first tuning elements are in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second tuning elements, and when the first switch connects to the different first tuning elements through switching, the second switch connects, through switching, to a second tuning element corresponding to a first tuning element that connects to the first switch. Different second tuning elements may be tuning elements of different types, for example, may be capacitors, inductors, or resistors. Alternatively, different second tuning elements may be tuning elements that are of a same type and that differ in specification and size. For example, all the tuning elements are inductors, but the tuning elements have different inductance values.

In this embodiment of this application, when the first switch connects to the different first tuning elements through switching, the second switch connects, through switching, to the second tuning element corresponding to the first tuning element that connects to the first switch, so that sizes of the first tuning element and the second tuning element that connect to the antenna body are changed, to change the electrical length between the feed point and the first end and the electrical length between the first end and the second end, so as to adjust the operating frequencies of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength that are generated by the antenna body. In addition, the second tuning element that connects to the second switch corresponds to the first tuning element that connects to the first switch, and therefore the difference between the operating frequencies of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength that are generated by the antenna body always range from <NUM> to <NUM>, to implement better compatibility between the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength. Therefore, the antenna can have good radiation performance both in the free space and in the handheld state.

In some embodiments, the first switch includes a plurality of first fixed ends and a first movable end that connects to the plurality of first fixed ends through switching, the first movable end connects to the first connection point, and each first fixed end connects to one first tuning element; and the second switch includes a plurality of second fixed ends and a second movable end that connects to the plurality of second fixed ends through switching, the second movable end connects to the second connection point, and each second fixed end connects to one second tuning element. In this embodiment of this application, the first movable end connects to different first fixed ends through switching, so that first tuning elements that connect to the different first fixed ends connect to the antenna body, and the second movable end connects to different second fixed ends through switching, so that second tuning elements that connect to the different second fixed ends connect to the antenna body.

In some embodiments, the first switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch or a multi-pole multi-throw switch. When the first switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, there is one first movable end, and the first movable end connects to the plurality of first fixed ends through switching. When the first switch is a multi-pole multi-throw switch, there are a plurality of first movable ends. In some embodiments, a quantity of first movable ends is the same as a quantity of first fixed ends, and a plurality of first movable ends are in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of first fixed ends. Each first movable end can connect to or be disconnected from a first fixed end corresponding to the first movable end.

The first tuning element or the second tuning element is obtained with any one or more of a capacitor, an inductor, and a resistor connected in parallel or connected in series.

A third tuning element is connected between the grounding point and a grounding position of the grounding point, and the third tuning element is configured to adjust an electrical length of the antenna body. In this embodiment of this application, the third tuning element is connected between the grounding point and the grounding position, so that the electrical length between the first end and the second end and the electrical length between the feed point and the first end are changed, to adjust the resonance generated between the first end and the second end of the antenna body and the resonance generated between the feed point and the first end, so as to obtain a required resonance mode (for example, the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength in some embodiments of this application).

In some embodiments, a length of a first edge is greater than a length of a second edge, and a distance between a first slot and the second edge is greater than a distance between a second slot and the first edge.

In this embodiment of this application, the distance between the first slot and the second edge is greater than the distance between the second slot and the first edge. In other words, in some embodiments, the antenna body includes the first section and the second section that intersect with each other, the first section is a section between the first slot on the first edge and the second edge, and the second section is a section between the second slot on the second edge and the first edge. The second section that is of a relatively short length and that is of the antenna body is located on the second edge that is of a relatively short length and that is of a frame, and the first section that is of a relatively long length and that is of the antenna body is located on the first edge that is of a relatively long length and that is of the frame, and therefore more L-shaped antennas can be further arranged on the frame, to implement a relatively proper antenna arrangement on the frame.

In some embodiments, the distance between the first slot and the second edge is greater than or equal to <NUM>, to avoid, to some extent, a case in which the first slot is held when the electronic device is held by a hand. Therefore, the antenna can still have relatively good radiation performance in the handheld state.

In some embodiments, the feed point is located on the first edge. In some embodiments, a length of the first section of the antenna body is greater than a length of the second section of the antenna body, and therefore that the feed point is located on the first edge means that the antenna body is located on the first section. The length of the first section of the antenna body is greater than the length of the second section of the antenna body, and therefore in some embodiments, a physical length between the feed point and the first end is greater than a physical length between the feed point and the second end. Therefore, a case in which the electrical length between the feed point and the first end is greater than the electrical length between the feed point and the second end and the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength can be generated between the feed point and the first end can be implemented by connecting only a relatively small tuning element or without connecting a tuning element between the feed point and the first end. In this way, manufacturing costs can be reduced.

According to a second aspect, this application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a conductive frame, a radio frequency front end, and the antenna. The frame includes a first edge and a second edge that intersects with the first edge. A first slot is disposed on the first edge, and a second slot is disposed on the second edge. A part that is of the frame and that is located between the first slot and the second slot forms an antenna body of the antenna. A section that is of the frame and that is between the first slot and the second edge is a first section of the antenna body, and a section that is of the frame and that is between the second slot and the first edge is a second section of the antenna body. The radio frequency front end connects to a feed point of the antenna body, and is configured to feed a radio frequency signal into the antenna body or receive a radio frequency signal transmitted from the antenna body. In some embodiments of this application, the first edge of the electronic device is in a vertical direction, and the second edge is in a horizontal direction. Alternatively, the first edge of the electronic device is in a horizontal direction, and the second edge is in a vertical direction.

In this embodiment of this application, the section that is of the frame and that is between the first slot and the second edge is the first section of the antenna body, the section that is of the frame and that is between the second slot and the first edge is the second section of the antenna body, excitation in the horizontal direction or excitation in the vertical direction can be generated based on resonance that is of quarter of a first wavelength and that is of the antenna, and excitation in the horizontal direction and excitation in the vertical direction can be generated based on resonance that is of half of a second wavelength and that is of the antenna, so that both horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation of the antenna are relatively strong, and the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation of the antenna are relatively balanced. Therefore, the antenna can have relatively good radiation performance regardless of whether the electronic device that includes the antenna is in free space (FS) or a handheld state. In addition, the part that is of the frame and that is between the first slot and the second slot is used as the antenna body, and therefore a size occupied by the antenna can be reduced, a structure of the electronic device can be simplified, and a manufacturing process can be simplified.

According to a third aspect, this application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes an insulated frame, a radio frequency front end, and the antenna. The frame includes a first edge and a second edge that intersects with the first edge. A first section of the antenna is disposed abut to the first edge, and a second section of the antenna is disposed abut to the second edge. The radio frequency front end connects to a feed point of an antenna body, and is configured to feed a radio frequency signal into the antenna body or receive a radio frequency signal transmitted from the antenna body. In some embodiments of this application, the first edge of the electronic device is in a vertical direction, and the second edge is a horizontal direction. Alternatively, the first edge of the electronic device is in a horizontal direction, and the second edge is a vertical direction. In some embodiments of this application, the first edge of the electronic device is in the vertical direction, and the second edge is the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the first edge of the electronic device is in the horizontal direction, and the second edge is the vertical direction.

In this embodiment of this application, the first section of the antenna is disposed abut to the first edge, the second section of the antenna is disposed abut to the second edge, excitation in the horizontal direction or excitation in the vertical direction can be generated based on resonance that is of quarter of a first wavelength and that is of the antenna, and excitation in the horizontal direction and excitation in the vertical direction can be generated based on resonance that is of the second wavelength in a half wavelength mode and that is of the antenna, so that both horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation of the antenna are relatively strong, and the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation of the antenna are relatively balanced. Therefore, the antenna can have relatively good radiation performance regardless of whether the electronic device that includes the antenna is in free space (FS) or a handheld state.

To describe the structural features and functions of this application more clearly, the following describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

<FIG> relate to antennas without the tuning element as defined in claim <NUM>. Nevertheless these antennas are useful for the understanding of the underlying principles of the claimed antenna.

The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application.

This application provides an electronic device, and the electronic device includes an antenna for communicating with the outside. When the electronic device is in free space (free space, FS) or a beside head and hand mode (including a beside head and hand left side mode and a beside head and hand right side mode), the antenna can achieve a relatively good working effect, to avoid impact on signal transmission of the antenna when the electronic device is held by a hand, and in particular, to avoid impact on transmission of a low-frequency (low band, LB) signal of the antenna when the electronic device is held by a hand. A frequency of the low-frequency signal of the antenna usually ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>. The electronic device may be a portable electronic apparatus or another appropriate electronic apparatus. For example, the electronic device may be a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a relatively small device such as a mobile phone, a watch, an accessory device, or another wearable or micro device, a cellular phone, or a media player.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device <NUM> according to an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the electronic device <NUM> is a mobile phone. The electronic device <NUM> includes a frame <NUM> and a display <NUM>. The frame <NUM> is disposed around the display <NUM>. The frame <NUM> includes two first edges <NUM> that are disposed opposite to each other and two second edges <NUM> that intersect with the two first edges <NUM>. The two first edges <NUM> and the two second edges <NUM> are head-to-tail connected to form the frame <NUM> in a square shape. In this embodiment, the electronic device <NUM> is of a square tabular structure, that is, the frame <NUM> is in the square shape. In some embodiments, the frame <NUM> includes a chamfer, to present a more aesthetically pleasing effect for the frame <NUM>. An extension direction of the second edge <NUM> is a horizontal direction (an X direction shown in the figure), and an extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is a vertical direction (a Y direction shown in the figure). In this embodiment, a length of the first edge <NUM> is greater than a length of the second edge <NUM>. It may be understood that in some embodiments, the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> and the extension direction of the second edge <NUM> may be changed, and the length of the first edge <NUM> and the length of the second edge <NUM> may also be changed. This is not specifically limited herein. For example, in some embodiments, the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> may be the horizontal direction, and the extension direction of the second edge <NUM> may be the vertical direction. The length of the first edge <NUM> may be less than the length of the second edge <NUM>. In this embodiment, the frame <NUM> may be made of a conductive material such as metal, or may be made of a non-conductive material such as plastic or resin.

The display <NUM> is configured to display an image, a video, and the like. The display <NUM> may be a flexible display or a rigid display. For example, the display <NUM> may be an organic light-emitting diode (organic light-emitting diode, OLED) display, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, AMOLED) display, a mini organic light-emitting diode (mini organic light-emitting diode) display, a micro light-emitting diode (micro organic light-emitting diode) display, a micro organic light-emitting diode (micro organic light-emitting diode) display, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED) display, or a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD).

Referring to <FIG>, the electronic device <NUM> further includes an antenna <NUM> and a radio frequency front end <NUM>. The antenna <NUM> includes an antenna body <NUM>. The antenna body <NUM> is configured to radiate a radio frequency signal to the outside or receive a radio frequency signal from the outside, so that the electronic device <NUM> can communicate with the outside by using the antenna body <NUM>. The radio frequency front end <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM>, and is configured to feed a radio frequency signal into the antenna body <NUM> or receive an external radio frequency signal received by the antenna body <NUM>. In some embodiments, the radio frequency front end <NUM> includes a transmit channel and a receive channel. The transmit channel includes components such as a power amplifier and a filter. A signal is transmitted to the antenna body <NUM> after processing such as power amplification and filtering is performed by using components such as the power amplifier and the filter, and is transmitted to the outside by the antenna body <NUM>. The receive channel includes components such as a low noise amplifier and a filter. An external signal received by the antenna body <NUM> is transmitted to a radio frequency chip after processing such as low noise amplification and filtering is performed by using components such as the low noise amplifier and the filter, to implement communication between the electronic device <NUM> and the outside by using the radio frequency front end <NUM> and the antenna <NUM>.

The antenna body <NUM> is of an L-shaped structure, and includes a first section <NUM> and a second section <NUM> that intersects with the first section <NUM>. An end that is of the first section <NUM> and that is far away from the second section <NUM> is a first end A, and an end that is of the second section <NUM> and that is far away from the first section <NUM> is a second end B. It should be emphasized that in some other embodiments of this application, the first end A and the second end B may be interchanged. In other words, in some embodiments, the end that is of the second section <NUM> and that is far away from the first section <NUM> is the first end A, and the end that is of the first section <NUM> and that is far away from the second section <NUM> is the second end B.

The antenna body <NUM> includes a feed point <NUM> and a grounding point <NUM> that are disposed with an interval. The grounding point <NUM> may be located between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A, or may be located between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B. The feed point <NUM> is configured to electrically connect to the radio frequency front end <NUM>, so that a signal generated by the radio frequency front end <NUM> can be transmitted to the antenna body <NUM> through the feed point <NUM>, and transmitted to the outside through the antenna body <NUM>. Alternatively, the external signal received by the antenna body <NUM> is transmitted to the radio frequency front end <NUM> through the feed point <NUM>. It should be noted that the feed point <NUM> in this application is not an actual point, and a position at which the radio frequency front end <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the feed point <NUM> in this application.

The grounding point <NUM> is grounded, and an electrical length of the antenna body <NUM> can be adjusted by adjusting a position of the grounding point <NUM>. A resonance frequency of the antenna body <NUM> can be changed if the electrical length is changed. In some embodiments, the grounding point <NUM> is grounded by using a grounding member such as a grounding pin or a grounding wire. One end of the grounding member connects to the grounding point <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>, and the other end is grounded, so that the grounding point <NUM> is grounded. It should be noted that the grounding point <NUM> in this application is not an actual point, and a position at which the grounding member such as the grounding pin or the grounding wire connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the grounding point <NUM>.

It should be noted that the electrical length of the antenna body <NUM> in this application may be measured in a plurality of manners. For example, in some embodiments, the electrical length of the antenna body <NUM> may be measured by using a passive test method. Specifically, the antenna is manufactured into a jig, each of the first end A and the second end B of the antenna body <NUM> is sealed with a copper sheet, and changes of return loss diagrams of the antenna measured at different moments are observed, to determine an electrical length, of the antenna body <NUM>, between the first end A and the second end B and an electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A or the second end B.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG>. The electronic device <NUM> further includes a middle frame <NUM>. The display <NUM> is stacked with the middle frame <NUM>, and the frame <NUM> is disposed around the middle frame <NUM>. In this embodiment, the middle frame <NUM> is made of a conductive material (for example, a metal material) such as metal, and the middle frame <NUM> is grounded. When the frame <NUM> is made of a conductive material, at least a part of the frame <NUM> may electrically connect to the middle frame <NUM>, to ground the frame <NUM> by using the middle frame <NUM>. It may be understood that in some other embodiments of this application, the electronic device <NUM> may not include the middle frame <NUM>, and the frame <NUM> may connect to another grounding position by using a grounding member, to implement grounding.

In some embodiments of this application, the frame <NUM> is made of a metal material, and some sections of the frame <NUM> can be used as the antenna body <NUM>, to reduce space occupied by the antenna <NUM>. In the embodiment shown in <FIG>, a first slot <NUM> is disposed on one first edge <NUM>, a second slot <NUM> is disposed on a second edge <NUM>, and the frame <NUM> between the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> forms the antenna body <NUM> in this embodiment. A part that is of the first edge <NUM> and that is between the first slot <NUM> and the second edge <NUM> is the first section <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>, and a part that is of the second edge <NUM> and that is between the second slot <NUM> and the first edge <NUM> is the second section <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>. The antenna body <NUM> is electrically isolated from a part other than the antenna body <NUM> on the frame <NUM> by using the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM>. In addition, there is a gap <NUM> between the antenna body <NUM> and the middle frame <NUM>, to ensure a good clearance environment for the antenna body <NUM>, so that the antenna <NUM> has a good signal transmission function. In some embodiments, the part other than the antenna body <NUM> on the frame <NUM> may connect to the middle frame <NUM>, and may be integrally formed with the middle frame <NUM>. It may be understood that when the part other than the antenna body <NUM> on the frame <NUM> is used as an antenna body of another antenna (for example, a Wi-Fi antenna or a GPS antenna) of the electronic device, there is also a gap <NUM> between the part other than the antenna body on the frame <NUM> and the middle frame <NUM>, to ensure a good clearance environment for the antenna.

The antenna body <NUM> includes the first end A and the second end B. In this embodiment, an end face of the first end A faces the first slot <NUM>, and an end face of the second end B faces the second slot <NUM>. In this case, the first end A is located in the vertical direction of the electronic device <NUM>, and the second end B is located in the horizontal direction of the electronic device <NUM>. It may be understood that when the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM> is the horizontal direction, and the extension direction of the second edge <NUM> is the vertical direction, the first end A whose end face faces the first slot <NUM> is located in the horizontal direction, and the second end B whose end face faces the second slot <NUM> is disposed in the vertical direction.

In this application, a distance between the first slot <NUM> and the second edge <NUM> and a distance between the second slot <NUM> and the first edge <NUM> are not specifically limited. In some embodiments, the distance between the first slot <NUM> and the second edge <NUM> or the distance between the second slot <NUM> and the first edge <NUM> is greater than <NUM>, to avoid, to some extent, a case in which the first slot <NUM> or the second slot <NUM> is held when the electronic device is held by a hand. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> can still have relatively good radiation performance in a handheld state.

In some embodiments, the length of the first edge <NUM> is greater than the length of the second edge <NUM>, and the distance between the first slot <NUM> and the second edge <NUM> is greater than the distance between the second slot <NUM> and the first edge, that is, a length of the first section <NUM> is greater than a length of the second section <NUM>. The second section <NUM> that is of a relatively short length and that is of the antenna body <NUM> is located on the second edge <NUM> that is of a relatively short length and that is of the frame <NUM>, and the first section <NUM> that is of a relatively long length and that is of the antenna body <NUM> is located on the first edge <NUM> that is of a relatively long length and that is of the frame <NUM>, and therefore more L-shaped antennas can be further arranged on the frame <NUM>, to implement a relatively proper antenna arrangement on the frame <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> may be filled with a dielectric material, to further enhance an electrical isolation effect between the antenna body <NUM> and a part other than the antenna body <NUM> on the frame <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, in some embodiments, when the frame <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> is made of a non-conductive material, the frame <NUM> cannot be used as the antenna body <NUM>. A difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in <FIG> lies in that the antenna body <NUM> is located in the electronic device <NUM>. In this embodiment, the antenna body <NUM> is disposed abut to the frame <NUM>, to minimize a size occupied by the antenna <NUM> and enable the antenna <NUM> to be closer to the outside of the electronic device <NUM>, so as to implement a better signal transmission effect. It should be noted that in this application, that the antenna body <NUM> is disposed abut to the frame <NUM> means that the antenna body <NUM> may be disposed in close contact with the frame <NUM>, or may be disposed close to the frame <NUM>, that is, there can be a small gap between the antenna body <NUM> and the frame <NUM>. In this embodiment, the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> do not need to be disposed on the frame <NUM>, and a radio frequency signal output or received by the antenna body <NUM> can be transmitted through the frame <NUM>, to prevent the frame <NUM> from restricting signal transmission of the antenna <NUM>. The antenna <NUM> may be in an antenna form of a flexible printed circuit (Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC), a laser direct structuring (Laser-Direct-structuring, LDS) antenna, a microstrip disk antenna (Microstrip Disk Antenna, MDA), or the like.

In the embodiments shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the antenna body <NUM> connects to the middle frame <NUM> by using a grounding pin <NUM>. The middle frame <NUM> is grounded, and therefore the grounding point <NUM> is grounded by using the grounding pin <NUM>. Specifically, one end of the grounding pin <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM>, and the other end connects to the middle frame <NUM>. A position at which the grounding pin <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the grounding point <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>. In the embodiments shown in <FIG> and <FIG>, the antenna body <NUM> connects to the radio frequency front end <NUM> by using a feed pin <NUM>. Specifically, one end of the feed pin <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM>, and the other end connects to the radio frequency front end <NUM>. A position at which the feed pin <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the feed point <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>. It may be understood that in some other embodiments of this application, the antenna body <NUM> may connect to the middle frame <NUM> by using another structure such as a connection lead, or may connect to the radio frequency front end <NUM> by using another structure such as a connection lead. This is not specifically limited herein.

In some embodiments, an electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is greater than an electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B, and the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is approximately quarter of a first wavelength, so that resonance of quarter of the first wavelength can be generated in a section between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A of the antenna body <NUM>. When the antenna <NUM> works, mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the first end A can be generated through excitation based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is generated in the section between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A of the antenna body <NUM>. The first wavelength is an operating wavelength of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength. For example, in the embodiment shown in <FIG>, when the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is the vertical direction (the Y direction in the figure), the end face of the first end A faces the first slot <NUM> on the first edge <NUM>, that is, the first end A is located in the vertical direction. In this case, horizontal mode excitation is generated through excitation based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is generated between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A of the antenna body <NUM>. In some embodiments, when the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is the horizontal direction (the X direction in the figure), the end face of the first end A faces the first slot <NUM> on the first edge <NUM>, that is, the first end A is located in the horizontal direction. In this case, vertical mode excitation is generated through excitation based on the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is generated in the section between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A.

In this embodiment of this application, the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is greater than the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B, and therefore it is set that a section (namely, the section between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A) of a relatively long electrical length is of approximately quarter of the first wavelength, to generate the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength, so that the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength can have a relatively large radiation aperture. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> has relatively good radiation performance.

In this embodiment of this application, the feed point <NUM> may be disposed at any position of the antenna body <NUM>. Specifically, a position of the feed point <NUM> or a position of the first end A may be correspondingly changed based on a specific actual situation of the electronic device <NUM>, to control a direction in which mode excitation is to be generated. For example, when the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG> is designed with a narrow chin structure, there is relatively small clearance space on a bottom edge (an edge that extends in a direction of an X axis in <FIG>) of the electronic device <NUM>. When there is a relatively good clearance environment on a side edge (an edge that extends in the Y direction in <FIG>) of the electronic device <NUM>, the first edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM> may be disposed at a position on the side edge of the electronic device, so that the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is the Y direction, and the first end A is located in the vertical direction, to obtain horizontal mode excitation. When there is a poor clearance environment on the side edge of the electronic device <NUM>, and there is a relatively good clearance environment on the bottom edge, the first edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM> may be disposed at a position on the bottom edge of the electronic device, so that the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is the X direction, and the first end A is located in the horizontal direction, to obtain vertical mode excitation. In this embodiment, the extension direction of the first edge <NUM> is the Y direction, and the first end A is located in the vertical direction. The feed point <NUM> is located in the first section <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM>. In this embodiment, the length of the first section <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM> is greater than the length of the second section <NUM>, and therefore when the feed point <NUM> is disposed in the first section <NUM>, a physical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is usually greater than a physical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B. Therefore, a case in which the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is greater than the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B and the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength can be generated between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A can be implemented by connecting only a tuning element with a relatively small specification or without connecting a tuning element between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A. In this way, manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In some embodiments of this application, the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B is approximately half of a second wavelength, and the antenna body <NUM> can generate resonance of half of the second wavelength between the first end A and the second end B. The second wavelength is a wavelength of the resonance that is of half of the second wavelength and that is formed between the first end A and the second end B. In some embodiments, the first wavelength and the second wavelength are operating wavelengths of signals whose radiation frequencies fall within a same frequency band (for example, B28, B5, or B8) in an LTE standard. The antenna body <NUM> is L-shaped, and therefore mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the first section <NUM> and mode excitation in a direction perpendicular to the second section <NUM> can be generated, that is, horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation can be generated, which can assist in enhancing the mode excitation generated based on the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength, so that horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation of the antenna <NUM> can be relatively strong, that is, both the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation of the antenna can be relatively balanced. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> still has relatively good antenna radiation performance in the handheld state. In other words, in this application, the antenna body <NUM> can generate both the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength, and the mode excitation generated based on the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength can be enhanced by using the resonance of half of the second wavelength, so that the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation of the antenna <NUM> are relatively balanced. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> can have relatively good radiation performance regardless of whether the electronic device <NUM> is in free space (FS) or in the handheld state. For example, in the embodiment in <FIG>, horizontal mode excitation is generated based on the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength, and horizontal mode excitation and vertical mode excitation are generated based on the resonance of half of the second wavelength, so that when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space, both the horizontal mode excitation and the vertical mode excitation are relatively strong. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> has relatively good radiation performance. When the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the electronic device <NUM> is in a portrait mode, holding of the first edge <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> partially affects a magnitude of mode excitation of the electronic device <NUM> in the horizontal direction, but does not affect intensity of vertical mode excitation. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> still has good radiation performance. When the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the electronic device <NUM> is in a landscape mode, holding of the second edge <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> partially affects a magnitude of mode excitation of the electronic device <NUM> in the vertical direction, but does not affect intensity of horizontal mode excitation. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> still has good radiation performance.

In this application, when the antenna <NUM> works, the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength are generated. In some embodiments, the first wavelength is greater than the second wavelength, that is, a frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength is less than a frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength, to avoid generating an efficiency pit at a same operating frequency band (for example, a frequency band B28, B5, or B8), so that the antenna <NUM> can have good radiation performance at the operating frequency band.

In some embodiments, a difference between the frequency of the resonance generated between the feed point and the first end and the frequency of the resonance generated between the first end and the second end ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>, to implement better compatibility between the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength. Therefore, the antenna can have good radiation performance both in the free space and in the handheld state. In some embodiments, the difference between the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength may range from <NUM> to <NUM>.

Refer to <FIG>. <FIG> is a diagram of curves of a return loss coefficient (S11) of the antenna <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG> in different statuses (including the free space, a beside head and hand left side mode, and a beside head and hand right side mode). In the embodiment shown in <FIG>, the first end A is located on the first edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM>, and the first edge <NUM> is located in the vertical direction. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is the return loss coefficient (unit: dB). A curve a represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. Curves b and c are curve diagrams of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the electronic device <NUM> is held in the portrait mode (a handheld state shown in <FIG>). The curve b represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand left side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by a left hand and is close to a left side of the face). The curve c represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand right side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by a right hand and is close to a right side of the face). <FIG> is a simulation diagram of a current and radiation direction existing when the antenna <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG> is in the free space. <FIG> is a diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> of an example structure of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG>. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is the radiation efficiency (unit: dB). A curve a represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. A curve b represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand left side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by the left hand and is close to the left side of the face). A curve c represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand right side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by the right hand and is close to the right side of the face).

It may be easily learned from <FIG> and <FIG> that the antenna <NUM> has two antenna modes in the free space, and therefore the antenna <NUM> has relatively high bandwidth. In addition, directivity patterns of the two antenna modes are complementary in specific space, so that the antenna <NUM> can have relatively good radiation efficiency in each direction, and a case in which the antenna <NUM> encounters a death grip when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand is avoided. In some embodiments, a directivity pattern obtained after complementation is oblique, and therefore there is no problem of death grip. In addition, it may be further learned from <FIG> and <FIG> that in both the beside head and hand left side mode and the beside head and hand right side mode, radiation performance of the antenna <NUM> is slightly reduced, but the antenna <NUM> does not encounter a death grip. It may be learned from <FIG> that there is a reduction of approximately <NUM> dB in the radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> when the radiation efficiency in the beside head and hand mode (including the beside head and hand left side mode or the beside head and hand right side mode) is compared with that in the free space, but the antenna <NUM> still has relatively good radiation efficiency.

In some embodiments, when the first end A of the antenna <NUM> is located on the second edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM>, the antenna <NUM> can still have relatively good radiation performance in the free space and the beside head and hand mode. Refer to <FIG> and <FIG>. <FIG> is another diagram of a curve of a return loss coefficient (S11) of the antenna <NUM> of an example structure of the electronic device <NUM> according to this application. The first end A of the antenna <NUM> represented in <FIG> is located on the second edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM>. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is the return loss coefficient (unit: dB). A curve a represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. Curves b and c are curve diagrams of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the electronic device <NUM> is in the portrait mode. The curve b represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand left side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by a left hand and is close to a left side of the face). The curve c represents a curve diagram of the return loss coefficient of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the beside head and hand right side mode (namely, a mode in which the electronic device <NUM> is held by a right hand and is close to a right side of the face). <FIG> is a diagram of system efficiency of the antenna <NUM> represented in <FIG>. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is radiation efficiency (unit: dB).

It may be learned from <FIG> and <FIG> that when the first end A is located on the second edge <NUM> of the frame <NUM>, the antenna <NUM> has two antenna modes in the free space, and therefore the antenna <NUM> has relatively high bandwidth. In addition, in both the beside head and hand left side mode and the beside head and hand right side mode, radiation performance of the antenna <NUM> is slightly reduced, but the antenna <NUM> does not encounter a death grip. Furthermore, there is a reduction in the radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> when the radiation efficiency in the beside head and hand mode (including the beside head and hand left side mode or the beside head and hand right side mode) is compared with that in the free space, but the antenna <NUM> still has relatively good radiation efficiency.

Refer to <FIG> and <FIG> is a diagram of system efficiency and radiation efficiency existing when the antenna <NUM> of an example structure of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG> is in the free space and the handheld state. When the electronic device is held by a hand, the electronic device is in a landscape mode shown in <FIG>. In this case, the second edge <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is efficiency (unit: dB). A curve a represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. A curve b represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the landscape mode and the second edge <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand. A curve c represents a curve diagram of system efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. A curve d represents a curve diagram of system efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the landscape mode and the second edge <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand. It may be learned from the curves c and d that when the electronic device <NUM> is in the landscape mode, the antenna <NUM> does not encounter a death grip when the two opposite second edges <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> are held by a hand. In addition, it may be learned from the curves a and b that there is a reduction of approximately <NUM> dB in the radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> when the radiation efficiency that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the handheld state is compared with that in the free space, but the antenna <NUM> still has relatively good radiation efficiency.

For example, <FIG> is a diagram of system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> shown in <FIG> in different statuses. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is efficiency (unit: dB). A curve a represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. A curve b represents a curve diagram of radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> of the frame <NUM> are blocked. A curve c represents a curve diagram of system efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. A curve d represents a curve diagram of system efficiency of the antenna <NUM> that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> of the frame <NUM> are blocked. It may be learned from the curves c and d that when the electronic device <NUM> is held by a hand and the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> of the frame <NUM> are blocked, the antenna <NUM> does not encounter a death grip. In addition, it may be learned from the curves a and b that there is a reduction of approximately <NUM> dB in the radiation efficiency of the antenna <NUM> when the radiation efficiency that exists when the electronic device <NUM> is in the handheld state and the first slot <NUM> and the second slot <NUM> of the frame <NUM> are blocked is compared with that in the free space, but the antenna <NUM> still has relatively good radiation efficiency.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of the antenna <NUM> according to some embodiments of this application. A difference between the antenna <NUM> in the embodiment shown in <FIG> and that in the example shown in <FIG> lies in that a third tuning element <NUM> is connected between the grounding point <NUM> of the antenna body <NUM> and a grounding position. In this embodiment, the third tuning element <NUM> may be a capacitor or an inductor, or may be obtained with a capacitor and an inductor disposed in parallel or disposed in series. The third tuning element <NUM> is connected between the grounding point <NUM> and the grounding position, to change the electrical length, of the antenna body <NUM>, between the first end A and the second end B and the electrical length, of the antenna body <NUM>, between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A or the second end B, so as to adjust an operating frequency of an antenna mode generated based on resonance of the antenna body <NUM>. In this embodiment, the grounding position is a position at which the grounding pin <NUM> connects to one end of the middle frame <NUM>.

In some embodiments of this application, the antenna <NUM> further includes at least one switching circuit. The antenna <NUM> switches to different operating frequency bands by using the switching circuit, so that the antenna <NUM> can implement communication at a plurality of different operating frequency bands. <FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of the antenna <NUM> according to some other embodiments of this application. A difference between the antenna <NUM> in the embodiment shown in <FIG> and that in the embodiment shown in <FIG> lies in that the antenna <NUM> further includes a first switching circuit <NUM>. A first connection point <NUM> is disposed on the antenna body <NUM>, and the first connection point <NUM> is located on a side that is of the feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> and that is far away from the first end A or on a side that is of the feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> and that is far away from the second end B. It should be noted that in this application, the first connection point <NUM> is not an actual point, and a position at which the first switching circuit <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the first connection point <NUM>. The first switching circuit <NUM> includes a first switch <NUM> and at least one grounded first tuning element <NUM>. The first tuning element <NUM> may be a capacitive element or an inductive element, or may be obtained with capacitive or inductive elements connected in parallel or connected in series. At least one means one or more. The capacitive or inductive elements connected in parallel or in series mean that the first tuning element <NUM> may be obtained with a plurality of capacitive elements disposed in parallel or disposed in series, may be obtained with a plurality of inductive elements connected in parallel or connected in series, or may be obtained with a capacitive element and an inductive element connected in parallel or connected in series. One end of the first switch <NUM> connects to the first connection point <NUM>, and the other end may connect to different first tuning elements <NUM> through switching, to connect different first tuning elements <NUM> (which may be first tuning elements <NUM> of different types, or may be first tuning elements <NUM> that are of a same type and that differ in specification and size) to the antenna body <NUM>. In this embodiment, the first connection point <NUM> is located on the side that is of the feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> and that is far away from the second end B, to change the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A and the electrical length (the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B) of the antenna body <NUM>, so as to change the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength, so that the antenna <NUM> can cover different operating frequency bands. In some embodiments, the first connection point <NUM> may be alternatively located on the side that is of the feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> and that is far away from the first end A, to change the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B and the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B, so as to change the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength.

The first switch <NUM> may be various types of switches. For example, the first switch <NUM> may be a physical switch such as a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole multi-throw switch, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch, or may be a switchable interface such as a mobile industry processor interface (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, MIPI) or a general-purpose input/output (General-purpose input/output, GPIO) interface. The first switch <NUM> includes a first movable end 461a and a plurality of first fixed ends 461b. One end that is of the first movable end 461a and that is far away from the first fixed end 461b connects to the first connection point <NUM>, and the other end may electrically connect to the first fixed ends 461b through switching. One end of the first tuning element <NUM> connects to the first fixed end 461b, and the other end is grounded. When the first movable end 461a connects to different first fixed ends 461b through switching, different first tuning elements <NUM> connect to the antenna body <NUM>, to adjust the electrical length of the antenna body <NUM>, so as to change the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength. Based on different types of first switches <NUM>, the first switch <NUM> may include one or more first movable ends 461a. Switching between different first fixed ends 461b is performed for different first movable ends 461a, so that a size, a type, and a quantity of first tuning elements <NUM> that connect to the antenna body <NUM> can be changed. For example, in the embodiment shown in <FIG>, the first switch <NUM> is a single-pole multi-throw switch, that is, the first switch <NUM> includes a plurality of first fixed ends 461b. Each first fixed end 461b connects to one first tuning element <NUM>, and different first fixed ends 461b connect to different first tuning elements <NUM> (which may differ in type or specification and size). Therefore, when the first movable end 461a of the first switch <NUM> connects to a different first fixed end 461b through switching, the antenna body <NUM> connects to a different first tuning element <NUM>, to change an electrical length of each section (including the section between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A, a section between the first end A and the second end B, or the like) of the antenna body <NUM>. In this way, the antenna <NUM> can switch between different operating frequency bands based on an actual requirement, so that the antenna <NUM> of the electronic device <NUM> can cover more operating frequency bands. For example, in the embodiment shown in <FIG>, there are specifically four first fixed ends 461b, and the four first fixed ends 461b respectively connect to inductors of different sizes and then are grounded. When the first movable end 461a connects to another first fixed end 461b through switching from a first fixed end 461b, the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is changed, and therefore the frequency of the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is generated between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A is changed. In addition, the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B is changed, and therefore the frequency of the resonance that is of half of the second wavelength and that is of the antenna <NUM> is changed.

<FIG> is another schematic diagram of a structure of the antenna <NUM> according to this application. In this embodiment, the first switch <NUM> is a multi-pole multi-throw switch, and a quantity of first movable ends 461a is the same as a quantity of first fixed ends 461b. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four first movable ends 461a and four first fixed ends 461b, and the first movable ends 461a are in a one-to-one correspondence with the first fixed ends 461b. One end of each of the four first movable ends 461a connects to the first connection point <NUM>, and the other end connects to or is disconnected from a first fixed end 461b corresponding to the first movable end 461a. In this way, a quantity of first tuning elements <NUM> that connect to the antenna body <NUM> can be controlled, to change the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A of the antenna body <NUM> and the overall electrical length between the first end A and the second end B, so as to change the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength. For example, when two first movable ends 461a connect to first fixed ends 461b corresponding to the two first movable ends 461a, and the other two first movable ends 461a are disconnected from first fixed ends 461b corresponding to the other two first movable ends 461a, two first tuning elements <NUM> connect to the antenna body <NUM>, and the two first tuning elements <NUM> are disposed in parallel.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of the antenna <NUM> according to some other embodiments of this application. A difference between the embodiment shown in <FIG> and the embodiment shown in <FIG> lies in that the antenna <NUM> further includes a second switching circuit <NUM>. A second connection point <NUM> is disposed on the antenna body <NUM>, and the second switching circuit <NUM> connects to the second connection point <NUM>. It should be noted that in this application, the second connection point <NUM> is not an actual point, and a position at which the second switching circuit <NUM> connects to the antenna body <NUM> is the second connection point <NUM>. The feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> are located between the first connection point <NUM> and the second connection point <NUM>. The second switching circuit <NUM> is of a structure similar to that of the first switching circuit <NUM>, and includes a second switch <NUM> and a plurality of second tuning elements <NUM>. The second switch <NUM> may connect to different second tuning elements <NUM> through switching. The first switching circuit <NUM> cooperates with the second switching circuit <NUM>, to change the operating frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the operating frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength. Specifically, switching is performed for the first switch <NUM> of the first switching circuit <NUM>, so that different first tuning elements <NUM> connect to the antenna body <NUM>, and the second switch <NUM> of the second switching circuit <NUM> connects to different second tuning elements <NUM> through switching, to change the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A or the second end B and the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B, so as to change the operating frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the operating frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength. In this way, the antenna <NUM> can cover more operating frequency bands. In this embodiment, the second switching circuit <NUM> is located on the side that is of the feed point <NUM> and the grounding point <NUM> and that is far away from the first end A, and the second switch <NUM> of the second switching circuit <NUM> connects to different second tuning elements <NUM> through switching, to change the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B and the electrical length between the first end A and the second end B, so as to change the frequency of the resonance that is of half of the second wavelength and that is of the antenna <NUM> by using the second switching circuit <NUM>.

The second switch <NUM> may also be a physical switch such as a single-pole single-throw switch, a single-pole multi-throw switch, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch, or may be a switchable interface such as a mobile industry processor interface (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, MIPI) or a general-purpose input/output (General-purpose input/output, GPIO) interface. In this embodiment, the second switch <NUM> is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and includes a second movable end 471a and a plurality of second fixed ends 471b. One end of each second tuning element <NUM> correspondingly connects to one second fixed end 471b, and the other end is grounded. One end of the second movable end 471a connects to the second connection point <NUM>, and the other end may connect to different second tuning elements <NUM> through switching.

In some embodiments, second tuning elements <NUM> that connect to the second fixed ends 471b of the second switching circuit <NUM> are in a one-to-one correspondence with first tuning elements <NUM> that connect to the first fixed ends 461b of the first switching circuit <NUM>. When the first switch <NUM> connects to any first tuning element <NUM> through switching, the second switch <NUM> connects, through switching, to a second tuning element <NUM> corresponding to the first tuning element <NUM> that connects to the first switch <NUM>, to correspondingly adjust the electrical length of each section of the antenna <NUM>, so that the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the first end A can always be greater than the electrical length between the feed point <NUM> and the second end B, and it is ensured that the operating frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength is less than the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength, and the difference between the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>.

<FIG> are respectively a diagram of a return loss and a diagram of system efficiency and radiation efficiency that exist when the first movable end 461a of the first switch <NUM> of the antenna <NUM> shown in <FIG> separately connects to three different first tuning elements <NUM> through switching and the second switch <NUM> switch correspondingly connects, through switching, to second tuning elements <NUM> corresponding to the first tuning elements <NUM> that connect to the first switch <NUM>. In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is a return loss coefficient (unit: dB). In <FIG>, a horizontal coordinate is a frequency (unit: GHz), and a vertical coordinate is efficiency (unit: dB).

It may be learned from <FIG> that switching is performed for the first switch <NUM> and switching is correspondingly performed for the second switch <NUM>, so that the antenna <NUM> can generate return loss curves at three different frequency bands. Specifically, curves a, b, and c in <FIG> respectively represent return loss curves generated by the antenna <NUM> at antenna bands B28 (from <NUM> to <NUM>), B5 (from <NUM> to <NUM>), and B8 (from <NUM> to <NUM>) when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space. It may be learned from <FIG> that the antenna <NUM> can resonate at different operating frequency bands by performing switching for the first switch <NUM> and the second switch <NUM>. In addition, the antenna <NUM> can generate two antenna modes (the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the resonance of half of the second wavelength) at different operating frequency bands. Therefore, the antenna <NUM> can have relatively high radiation performance both in the free space and in the beside head and hand mode. It may be further learned from the figure that when switching is performed for the first switch <NUM> and the second switch <NUM>, and it is set that the first tuning element <NUM> that connects to the first switch <NUM> corresponds to the second tuning element <NUM> that connects to the second switch <NUM>, the frequency of the resonance that is of quarter of the first wavelength and that is of the antenna <NUM> is always less than the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength, and the difference between the frequency of the resonance of quarter of the first wavelength and the frequency of the resonance of half of the second wavelength ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>. In <FIG>, curves a, b, and c respectively represent curve diagrams of radiation efficiency that are generated by the antenna <NUM> at the antenna frequency bands B28 (from <NUM> to <NUM>), B5 (from <NUM> to <NUM>), and B8 (from <NUM> to <NUM>) when the electronic device <NUM> is in the free space, and curves d, e, and f respectively represent curve diagrams of system efficiency that are generated by the antenna <NUM> at the antenna frequency bands B28, B5, and B8. It may be learned from <FIG> that at bandwidth of <NUM> of each of different operating frequency bands (including B28, B5, and B8), efficiency of the antenna <NUM> is less than -<NUM> dB, and therefore the antenna <NUM> has good radiation performance.

In this embodiment, the first switch <NUM> of the first switching circuit <NUM> and the second switching circuit <NUM> is a single-pole four-throw switch, so that the antenna <NUM> can cover four different operating frequencies. It may be understood that based on an actual requirement, the antenna <NUM> can cover more operating frequency bands by increasing a quantity of switching circuits, by using different first switches <NUM> and second switches <NUM>, or the like. For example, in some embodiments, the first switch <NUM> of the first switching circuit <NUM> and the second switching circuit <NUM> is a multi-pole four-throw switch, so that the antenna <NUM> can cover <NUM> operating frequencies.

Claim 1:
An antenna (<NUM>), comprising an L-shaped antenna body (<NUM>), wherein the antenna body (<NUM>) comprises a first section (<NUM>) and a second section (<NUM>) that intersects with the first section (<NUM>), the antenna body (<NUM>) comprises a feed point (<NUM>) and a grounding point (<NUM>) that are disposed with an interval, the feed point (<NUM>) is configured to connect to a radio frequency front end (<NUM>), and the antenna (<NUM>) further comprises a tuning element (<NUM>) connected between the grounding point (<NUM>) and a grounding position of the grounding point (<NUM>), the tuning element (<NUM>) is configured to adjust an electrical length of the antenna body (<NUM>);
the antenna body (<NUM>) comprises a first end (A) and a second end (B) that are away from each other, the first end (A) is an end that is of the first section (<NUM>) and that is far away from the second section (<NUM>), the second end (B) is an end that is of the second section (<NUM>) and that is far away from the first section (<NUM>), an electrical length between the feed point (<NUM>) and the first end (A) is greater than an electrical length between the feed point (<NUM>) and the second end (B), and wherein
the antenna body (<NUM>) is configured to generate resonance of quarter of a first wavelength between the feed point (<NUM>) and the first end (A), the antenna body (<NUM>) is configured to generate resonance of half of a second wavelength between the first end (A) and the second end (B), and the first wavelength is greater than the second wavelength;
wherein a difference between a resonant frequency of the first wavelength and a resonant frequency of the second wavelength ranges from <NUM> to <NUM>.