Patent Description:
An electronic apparatus may include an organic light-emitting device including a hole injection electrode, an electron injection electrode, and an organic emission layer between the hole injection electrode and the electron injection electrode. Organic light-emitting devices are self-emission devices that have wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, and excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed, compared to other devices in the art. For example, an organic light-emitting display apparatus, which is a type (or kind) of electronic apparatus including an organic light-emitting device, is a self-emission apparatus in which holes injected from a hole injection electrode and electrons injected from an electron injection electrode recombine in an organic emission layer to produce excitons. These excitons transit (e.g., transition or relax) from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. For example <CIT> discloses an organic EL device using an adhesive encapsulating composition. The organic EL device includes a pair of opposing electrodes, a light-emitting unit having at least an organic light-emitting layer, which is disposed between the electrodes, and an adhesive film comprising an adhesive encapsulating composition which is disposed on, above, or around the light-emitting unit. <CIT> relates to the the use of a curable composition containing at least one radiation-curable resin and at least one anti-oxidant as laminating adhesive, encapsulant and/or sealant for electronic or optoelectronic devices.

Since an organic light-emitting display apparatus which is a self-emission display apparatus does not require a separate light source, the organic light-emitting display apparatus may be driven at a low voltage, may be configured to be lightweight and thin, and may have excellent characteristics in terms of viewing angles, contrast, and response time. Therefore, applications of such organic light-emitting display apparatuses range from, but are not limited to, personal portable devices such as MP3 players and mobile phones to televisions (TVs).

Additionally, as outdoor use of information devices such as electronic apparatuses including organic light-emitting devices increases, electronic apparatuses including organic light-emitting devices are increasingly being exposed to sunlight. In addition, there are many cases in which an operation involving irradiation of ultraviolet rays is required in a process of manufacturing an organic light-emitting device.

Therefore, if the ultraviolet rays are freely transmitted to the inside of the organic light-emitting device, an emission layer or the like including an organic material may be seriously damaged.

During the manufacturing process of an electronic apparatus such as an organic light-emitting display, when ultraviolet rays or the like are introduced into the apparatus from the outside of the apparatus or penetrate into the apparatus, an emission layer, an insulating film, or the like, including an organic material may be seriously damaged. Embodiments not encompassed by the claims are provided for reference purposes.

Aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic apparatus capable of reducing the amount of ultraviolet rays transmitted into an electronic apparatus. However, these aspects of embodiments are illustrative and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

Additional aspects of embodiments will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments.

An aspect of an embodiment provides an electronic apparatus as defined in claim <NUM> including:.

Another aspect of an embodiment provides a heterocyclic compound represented by Formula B1 as defined in claim <NUM>.

These and/or other aspects of embodiments will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:.

The present disclosure will now be described more fully with reference to exemplary embodiments. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Features of the present disclosure, and how to achieve them, will become apparent by reference to the embodiments that will be described herein in more detail, together with the accompanying drawings. The subject matter of the present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be limited to the exemplary embodiments.

Hereinafter, embodiments are described in more detail by referring to the attached drawings, and in the drawings, like reference numerals denote like elements, and a redundant explanation thereof will not be provided herein.

It will be understood that when a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "formed on," another layer, film, region, or plate can be directly or indirectly formed on the other layer, film, region, or plate. For example, intervening layers, films, regions, or plates may be present. In addition, sizes of components in the drawings may be exaggerated for convenience of explanation. In other words, since sizes and thicknesses of components in the drawings may be arbitrarily illustrated for convenience of explanation, the following embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another.

In the following embodiments, x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are not limited to three axes on the orthogonal coordinates system, and may be construed as a broader sense. For example, x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis may be orthogonal to one another, but may indicate different directions that are not orthogonal to one another.

An aspect of an embodiment provides an electronic apparatus including: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation sealing the organic light-emitting device, wherein the thin film encapsulation includes a UV stabilizing mixture, and the UV stabilizing mixture includes a UV absorbent and a radical scavenger.

For example, the electronic apparatus may include: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device included within a pixel defining region on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation sealing the organic light-emitting device, wherein the thin film encapsulation includes a UV stabilizing mixture.

Another aspect of an embodiment provides an electronic apparatus including: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation sealing the organic light-emitting device, wherein the thin film encapsulation includes the heterocyclic compound.

For example, the electronic apparatus may include: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device included in a pixel defining region on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation sealing the organic light-emitting device, wherein the thin film encapsulation includes the heterocyclic compound. The heterocyclic compound will be described below.

<FIG> is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> according to an embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> according to an embodiment includes a substrate <NUM>, an organic light-emitting device <NUM>, and a thin film encapsulation <NUM>.

The substrate <NUM> may be any one of various suitable substrates that are used in an organic light-emitting display apparatus in the related art, and may be an inorganic substrate or an organic substrate, each having high mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and water repellency.

For example, the substrate <NUM> may be an inorganic substrate made of a transparent glass material including SiO<NUM> as a main component, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the substrate <NUM> may be an organic substrate including an insulating organic material. The insulating organic material may be selected from, for example, polyethersulphone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene napthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyallylate, polyimide, polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (TAC), and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The organic light-emitting device <NUM> is disposed on the substrate <NUM>. The organic light-emitting device <NUM> may include a first electrode, an intermediate layer including an emission layer, and a second electrode.

The first electrode may be formed by, for example, depositing or sputtering a material for a first electrode on the substrate. When the first electrode is an anode, the material for forming the first electrode may be selected from materials having a high work function to facilitate hole injection.

The first electrode may be a reflective electrode. a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode is a transmissive electrode, a material for forming a first electrode may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO<NUM>), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combinations thereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflectable electrode, a material for forming a first electrode may be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), and any combinations thereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The first electrode may have a single-layered structure, or a multi-layered structure including two or more layers. For example, the first electrode may have a three-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO, but the structure of the first electrode is not limited thereto.

An interlayer may be disposed on the first electrode, the interlayer including the emission layer.

The interlayer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

A second electrode may be disposed on the interlayer. The second electrode <NUM> may be a cathode that is an electron injection electrode, and in this regard, a metal for forming the second electrode may be a material having a low work function, and such a material may be metal, alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a combination thereof.

The second electrode may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second electrode may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

The first electrode may have a single-layered structure, or a multi-layered structure including two or more layers.

The organic light-emitting device <NUM> includes a thin film encapsulation <NUM>.

The thin film encapsulation <NUM> may have a UV stabilizing mixture, and the UV stabilizing mixture may include an UV absorber and a radical scavenger.

The UV absorbent may absorb ultraviolet rays and prevent the ultraviolet rays from penetrating the organic light-emitting device <NUM> (or reduce the amount of ultraviolet rays that penetrate the organic light-emitting device <NUM>). Therefore, the organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> including the UV absorbent in the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may prevent the emission layer, the insulating film, or the like, including the organic material, from being damaged by the ultraviolet rays (or may reduce a likelihood or degree of such damage).

In one embodiment, the UV absorbent may absorb a wavelength of about <NUM> to about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the radical scavenger may include at least one of the radical-scavenging compound, and.

the radical-scavenging compound may be selected from a phenol-containing compound, a hindered amine-containing compound, and a phenylenediamine-containing compound.

In one embodiment, the radical scavenger may include at least one compound represented by one selected from Formulae A4-<NUM> to <NUM>-<NUM>:
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>.

In one embodiment, in Formulae A4-<NUM> to A4-<NUM>,
L<NUM> and L<NUM> may each independently be selected from:.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae A4-<NUM> to A4-<NUM>,
one of L<NUM> and L<NUM> may be selected from:.

In one embodiment, at least one selected from L<NUM>, L<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, R<NUM>, and R<NUM> to R<NUM> may include a hydrocarbon chain consisting of six or more carbon atoms, thereby improving miscibility with other constituents in the thin film encapsulation.

In one embodiment, the radical scavenger may include at least one compound represented by one selected from Formulae A5-<NUM> to A5-<NUM>:
<CHM>
<CHM>.

In Formulae A5-<NUM> to A5-<NUM>,
R<NUM> to R<NUM>, R<NUM> to R<NUM>, and R<NUM> to R<NUM> may each independently be selected from:.

The phenol-containing compound may be butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), propyl gallate (PG), catecol(<NUM>,<NUM>-benzenediol), <NUM>,<NUM>-naphthalenediol, or the like.

The hindered amine-containing compound may be bis-(<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-tetramethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl)sebacate, bis-(N-methyl-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-tetramethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl)sebacate, bis-(<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-pentamethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl)sebacate, <NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-pentamethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl-tridecyl-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis-(<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-tetramethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-butanetetracarboxylate, tetrakis-(N-methyl-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-tetramethyl-<NUM>-piperidyl)-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-butanetetracarboxylate, or the like.

The phenylenediamine-containing compound may be o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, or the like; or o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, or p-phenylenediamine, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkyl group, and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group.

In one embodiment, the amount of the radical scavenger may be in a range of about <NUM> parts by weight to about <NUM> parts by weight based on <NUM> parts by weight of the UV absorbent. When the amount of the radical scavenger is within this range, the optical stability of the thin film encapsulation due to the radical scavenger is high so that the thin film encapsulation effectively protects the organic light-emitting device from ultraviolet rays. When the amount of the radical scavenger is less than about <NUM> parts by weight, the optical stability of the thin film encapsulation may not be sufficiently secured, and when the amount of the radical scavenger exceeds <NUM> parts by weight, the transmittance of the thin film encapsulation in a visible ray region may be hindered, and the luminescent efficiency of the organic light-emitting device (for example, a blue organic light-emitting device having a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> to about <NUM>) may be hindered.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may further include a matrix resin, and the UV absorbent may be dispersed in the matrix resin. At this time, the UV absorbent may be simply dispersed in the matrix resin. Alternatively, the UV absorbent may be cross-linked to the matrix resin. For example, the UV absorbent may include the polymeric functional group, and the UV absorbent may be cross-linked to the matrix resin.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may further include a photopolymerization initiator. The photopolymerization initiator may use any suitable one available in the art without any special limitation, and may use those that are curable at a wavelength of, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may further include at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator. For example, one of the at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator may be curable in a UV region (at a wavelength of, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>), and the other may be curable in a visible ray region (for example, at a wavelength of, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>). In one or more embodiments, the at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator may be all curable in a UV region or a visible ray region.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may further include at least one selected from a metal, a metal halide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal oxynitride, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxide, and a silicon oxynitride.

For example, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include at least one selected from MgF<NUM>, LiF, AlF<NUM>, NaF, a silicon oxide, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxynitride, an aluminum oxide, an aluminum nitride, an aluminum oxynitride, a titanium oxide, a titanium nitride, a tantalum oxide, a tantalum nitride, a hafnium oxide, a hafnium nitride, a zirconium oxide, a zirconium nitride, a cerium oxide, a cerium nitride, a tin oxide, a tin nitride, and a magnesium oxide, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include at least one organic film. The at least one organic film may include a first organic film, and the UV stabilizing mixture may be included in the first organic film.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation (for example, the first organic film) including the UV stabilizing mixture may have a transmittance of about <NUM> % or less (for example, <NUM> %) with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> to about <NUM> (for example, <NUM>).

In one or more embodiments, the thin film encapsulation (for example, the first organic film) including the UV stabilizing mixture may have a transmittance of about <NUM> % (for example, <NUM> % or more) with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> or more, and may have a transmittance of about <NUM>% or less with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> or less.

In one embodiment, when the first organic film is exposed to an exposure amount of <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> is may be less than <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be less than <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> or light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> with respect to an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be less than <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> or light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to <NUM> may be less than <NUM> %.

The transmittance can be measured using a UV/Vis spectrometer (<NUM> to <NUM>).

The change in transmittance in the above wavelength range may be measured by, for example, exposing the first organic film by using an LED lamp emitting light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> and a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, a thickness of the first organic film may be in a range of about <NUM> to about <NUM>, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the amount of the UV stabilizing mixture may be in a range of about <NUM> parts by weight to about <NUM> parts by weight based on <NUM> parts by weight of the first organic film. By controlling the amount of the UV stabilizing mixture in the first organic film, a maximum absorption wavelength of the first organic film may be finely adjusted, and a UV absorption spectrum may be controlled.

For example, the at least one organic film may consist of the UV stabilizing mixture.

In one embodiment, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the UV stabilizing mixture, the matrix resin, and the UV stabilizing mixture may be dispersed in the matrix resin. At this time, the UV stabilizing mixture may be simply dispersed in the matrix resin, or the UV stabilizing mixture may be cross-linked to the matrix resin.

In one embodiment, the first organic film may further include a matrix resin, and
the matrix resin may include at least one selected from an acryl-based resin, a methacryl-based resin, an isoprene-based resin, a vinyl-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a cellulose resin, a perylene-based resin, an imide-based resin, and a silicone-based resin.

In one embodiment, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the UV stabilizing mixture, a photopolymerization initiator. The photopolymerization initiator is the same as described above.

In one embodiment, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the UV stabilizing mixture, the matrix resin and the photopolymerization initiator.

The at least one organic film may be formed in a set or predetermined region by using various suitable methods, such as vacuum deposition, spin-coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB), inkjet printing, laser printing, or laser induced thermal imaging (LITI). The number and thickness of organic films may be appropriately selected by taking into account productivity or device characteristics.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation may further include at least one inorganic film, and the at least one inorganic film may further include a first inorganic film.

In one embodiment, the inorganic film may include at least one selected from a metal, a metal halide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal oxynitride, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxide, and a silicon oxynitride.

For example, the inorganic film may include at least one selected from MgF<NUM>, LiF, AlF<NUM>, NaF, a silicon oxide, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxynitride, an aluminum oxide, an aluminum nitride, an aluminum oxynitride, a titanium oxide, a titanium nitride, a tantalum oxide, a tantalum nitride, a hafnium oxide, a hafnium nitride, a zirconium oxide, a zirconium nitride, a cerium oxide, a cerium nitride, a tin oxide, a tin nitride, and a magnesium oxide, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The at least one inorganic film may be formed in a set or predetermined region by using various suitable methods, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), sputtering, atomic layer deposition (ALD), or thermal evaporation. The number and thickness of inorganic films may be appropriately selected by taking into account productivity or device characteristics.

In one embodiment, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, the first organic film may be disposed between the organic light-emitting device <NUM> and the first inorganic film. For example, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, and the first organic film and the second inorganic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order. It should be understood that the term "sequentially stacked" does not exclude that another film is disposed between the organic light-emitting device <NUM> and the first organic film, and/or between the first organic film and the first inorganic film.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, and the first inorganic film may be disposed between the organic light-emitting device <NUM> and the first organic film. For example, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, and the first inorganic film and the first organic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, and the first inorganic film, the first organic film, and the second inorganic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, and the first organic film, the first inorganic film, and the second organic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, and the first inorganic film, the first organic film, and the second inorganic film, and the second organic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, and the first organic film, the first inorganic film, the second organic film, and the second inorganic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, the first inorganic film, the second inorganic film, the first organic film, and the second organic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, and the first organic film, the second organic film, the first inorganic film, and the second inorganic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> from this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film and a second organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film, a second inorganic film, and a third inorganic film, the first inorganic film, the first organic film, the second inorganic film, the second organic film, and the third inorganic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> from this stated order.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, a second organic film, and a third organic film, the at least one inorganic film may include a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, the first organic film, the first inorganic film, the second organic film, the second inorganic film, and the third organic film may be sequentially stacked from the organic light-emitting device <NUM> in this stated order, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The number of organic films and inorganic films, and the stacking order of the inorganic films and the organic films may be appropriately modified according to the design.

The organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> may include a plurality of organic light-emitting devices <NUM>. In one embodiment, the organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> may include: a substrate, an organic emission unit including a plurality of organic light-emitting devices <NUM> on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation <NUM> sealing the organic emission unit, wherein the thin film encapsulation <NUM> includes a UV stabilizing mixture. The UV stabilizing mixture is the same as described above.

For example, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include the UV stabilizing mixture and may further include, in addition to the UV stabilizing mixture, a matrix resin. The matrix resin is the same as described above.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may further include, in addition to the UV stabilizing mixture, a metal, a metal halide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal oxynitride, a silicon nitride, a silicon oxide, and a silicon oxynitride.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include at least one organic film and at least one inorganic film, and the at least one organic film may include the UV absorbent. The at least one organic film and the at least one inorganic film are the same as described above.

Another aspect of an embodiment provides a method of manufacturing an electronic apparatus, including:.

The thin film encapsulation, the UV stabilizing mixture, the UV absorbent, and the radical scavenger are the same as described above. When the electronic apparatus is manufactured according to the above-described method, external UV rays are blocked from reaching the organic light-emitting device, thereby preventing a damage from occurring when the organic light-emitting device is continuously exposed to the UV rays (or reducing a likelihood or degree of such damage), and improving the durability of the organic light-emitting device and the electronic apparatus including the same.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation composition may further include a matrix resin monomer and a photopolymerization initiator.

The matrix resin monomer may form a matrix resin included in the thin film encapsulation by photopolymerization. For example, the matrix resin monomer may undergo a photopolymerization reaction by the photopolymerization initiator to form the matrix resin included in the thin film encapsulation. The photopolymerization initiator is the same as described above.

<FIG> is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting display apparatus as one of electronic apparatuses according to an embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, a backplane is formed. The backplane may be understood as including at least a substrate <NUM>, a plurality of first electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B on the substrate <NUM>, and a pixel defining film <NUM> formed to expose at least a portion including the central portions of the first electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B. The pixel defining film <NUM> may have a shape protruding from the first electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B in a +z direction with respect to the substrate <NUM>.

The first electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B may be understood as pixel electrodes. A pixel electrode 210B, a pixel electrode 210R, and a pixel electrode <NUM> among the pixel electrodes may be understood as a first pixel electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode, respectively. This is because intermediate layers formed on the first to third pixel electrodes may be different. For convenience, the terms "pixel electrode 210R", "pixel electrode <NUM>", and "pixel electrode 210B" are used instead of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the third pixel electrode. The pixel electrodes are the same as described in connection with the first electrode.

The pixel defining film <NUM> may have an opening corresponding to each subpixel, that is, an opening exposing the central portions of the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B or the entire pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B, thereby defining pixels. In addition, the pixel defining film <NUM> may increase a distance between the ends of the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B and the second electrode (not illustrated) on the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B, thereby preventing arc or the like from being generated at the ends of the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B (or reducing a likelihood or degree of such arcing).

The backplane may further include, if necessary, other various suitable components. For example, as illustrated in <FIG>, a thin film transistor TFT or a capacitor Cap may be formed on the <NUM>. The backplane may include components, such as a buffer layer <NUM> for preventing impurities from penetrating (or reducing a likelihood or amount of the impurities penetrating) a semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor TFT, a gate insulating film <NUM> for insulating the semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor TFT from the gate electrode, an interlayer insulating film <NUM> for insulating a source electrode/drain electrode of the thin film transistor TFT and a gate electrode, and a planarization film <NUM> covering the thin film transistor TFT and having an approximately flat upper surface.

After the backplane is formed, intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B are formed. The intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B may have a multi-layered structure including an emission layer. In this case, unlike those illustrated, some of the intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B may be a common layer approximately corresponding to the entire surface of the substrate <NUM>, and some of the intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B may be a pattern layer patterned corresponding to the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B.

After the intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B, a second electrode <NUM> is formed on the intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B.

After the second electrode <NUM> is formed, a thin film encapsulation <NUM> is formed so as to protect the organic light-emitting devices <NUM> including the pixel electrodes 210R, <NUM>, and 210B, the intermediate layers 220R, <NUM>, and 220B, and the second electrode <NUM> from impurities such as external oxygen or moisture.

The thin film encapsulation <NUM> may extend to cover not only the upper surface but also the side surfaces of the organic light-emitting device <NUM> and contact part of the substrate <NUM>. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent external oxygen and moisture from penetrating the organic light-emitting device <NUM> (or to reduce a likelihood or amount of the external oxygen and moisture that penetrates the organic light-emitting device <NUM>).

The thin film encapsulation <NUM> includes the UV stabilizing mixture.

According to the present invention the heterocyclic compound is selected from Compounds <NUM> to <NUM>:
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>.

In Compounds <NUM> to <NUM>,
R<NUM> to R<NUM> may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation composition may include the heterocyclic compound.

The thin film encapsulation composition may include the heterocyclic compound and may further include a solvent.

The solvent may include, for example, di(meth)acrylate, di(meth)acryl-terminated silicon, and diepoxy-terminated silicon, each including at least one selected from a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkenyl group, and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkynyl group. In addition, the solvent may further include mono(meth)acrylate and monoepoxy as a diluent.

In one or more embodiment, the solvent may have a visible transmittance of about <NUM> % or more.

The solvent may have a viscosity of about <NUM> cP to about <NUM>,<NUM> cP.

The thin film encapsulation composition may further include a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator. As the photoinitiator or the thermal initiator, those available in the art may be used without any special limitation.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation composition may include at least two types (or kinds) of the heterocyclic compound.

For example, the thin film encapsulation may include a first heterocyclic compound represented by Formula B1 and a second heterocyclic compound represented by Formula B1, and a wavelength range of light absorbed by the first heterocyclic compound may be different from a wavelength range of light absorbed by the second heterocyclic compound.

In one embodiment, when the thin film encapsulation composition includes at least two types (or kinds) of the heterocyclic compound, the thin film encapsulation formed by using the thin film encapsulation composition may have an average transmittance of about <NUM> % or less in a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM>, and have an average transmittance of about <NUM> % or more in a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation composition may further include a matrix resin monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent.

For example, the thin film encapsulation composition may further include a matrix resin monomer. The matrix resin monomer may be a monomer for forming at least one of an acryl-based resin, a methacryl-based resin, an isoprene-based resin, a vinyl-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a cellulose resin, a perylene-based resin, an imide-based resin, and a silicone-based resin.

In one embodiment, the matrix resin monomer may be a (meth)acryl-based monomer.

In one or more embodiments, the thin film encapsulation composition may further include a photopolymerization initiator. As the photopolymerization initiator, suitable ones available in the art may be used without any special limitation. For example, a photopolymerization initiator that is curable at a wavelength of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be used.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation composition may further include at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator. For example, one of the at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator may be curable in a UV region (at a wavelength of, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>), and the other may be curable in a visible ray region (at a wavelength of, for example, about <NUM> to about <NUM>). In one or more embodiments, the at least two types (or kinds) of the photopolymerization initiator may be all curable in a UV region or a visible ray region.

In addition, as described above, another aspect of an embodiment provides an electronic apparatus including:.

The electronic apparatus in which the thin film encapsulation includes the heterocyclic compound may be, for example, an organic light-emitting display apparatus, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the organic light-emitting display apparatus. The description of the electronic apparatus and the organic light-emitting display apparatus may be understood by referring to the description provided with reference to <FIG>. In this case, for example, the heterocyclic compound may be used instead of the UV stabilizing mixture.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include at least two types (or kinds) of the heterocyclic compound.

In one embodiment, when the thin film encapsulation includes at least two types (or kinds) of the heterocyclic compound, an average transmittance in a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be about <NUM> % or less, and an average transmittance in a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be about <NUM> % or more.

The heterocyclic compound may absorb ultraviolet rays and prevent the ultraviolet rays from penetrating the organic light-emitting device <NUM> (or reduce a likelihood or amount of the ultraviolet rays that penetrate the organic light-emitting device <NUM>). Therefore, the organic light-emitting display apparatus <NUM> in which the thin film encapsulation <NUM> includes the heterocyclic compound may prevent an emission layer, an insulating film or the like, including an organic material, from being damaged by the ultraviolet rays (or may reduce a likelihood or degree of such damage).

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation <NUM> may include at least one organic film, the at least one organic film may include a first organic film, and the first organic film may include the heterocyclic compound.

In one embodiment, the thin film encapsulation (for example, the first organic film) including the heterocyclic compound may have a transmittance of about <NUM> % or less (for example, <NUM> %) with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> to about <NUM> (for example, <NUM>).

In one or more embodiments, the thin film encapsulation (for example, the first organic film) including the heterocyclic compound may have a transmittance of about <NUM> % or more (for example <NUM> %) with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> or more, and may have a transmittance of about <NUM> % or less with respect to light having a wavelength of about <NUM> or less.

In one embodiment, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be less than about <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to <NUM> may be less than about <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a maximum emission wavelength in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to <NUM> may be less than about <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> and a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM> in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be less than about <NUM> %.

In one or more embodiments, when the first organic film is exposed to light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> and a maximum wavelength range of about <NUM> in an exposure amount of about <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM>, a change in transmittance with respect to a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> may be less than about <NUM> %.

The change in transmittance with respect to the above wavelength range may be measured by, for example, exposing the first organic film by using an LED lamp emitting light having a wavelength range of about <NUM> to about <NUM> and a maximum emission wavelength of about <NUM>.

In one embodiment, the amount of the heterocyclic compound may be in a range of about <NUM> parts by weight to about <NUM> parts by weight based on <NUM> parts by weight of the first organic film. By controlling the amount of the heterocyclic compound in the first organic film, a maximum absorption wavelength of the first organic film may be finely adjusted, and a UV absorption spectrum may be controlled.

For example, the at least one organic film may consist of the heterocyclic compound.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the heterocyclic compound, a matrix resin, and the heterocyclic compound may be dispersed in the matrix resin. At this time, the heterocyclic compound may be simply dispersed in the matrix resin, or the heterocyclic compound may be cross-linked to the matrix resin.

In one embodiment, the first organic film may further include a matrix resin, and.

the matrix resin may include at least one of acryl-based resin, a methacryl-based resin, an isoprene-based resin, a vinyl-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a cellulose resin, a perylene-based resin, an imide-based resin, and a silicone-based resin.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the heterocyclic compound, a photopolymerization initiator. The photopolymerization initiator is the same as described above.

In one or more embodiments, the at least one organic film may further include, in addition to the heterocyclic compound, the matrix resin and the photopolymerization initiator.

Another aspect of an embodiment provides a method of manufacturing an electronic apparatus, the method including:.

The thin film encapsulation, the heterocyclic compound, and the thin film encapsulation composition are the same as described above. When the electronic apparatus is manufactured according to the above-described method, external UV rays are blocked from reaching the organic light-emitting device, thereby preventing a damage from occurring when the organic light-emitting device is continuously exposed to the UV rays (or reducing a likelihood or degree of such damage), and improving the durability of the organic light-emitting device and the electronic apparatus including the same.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group," as used herein, refers to a linear or branched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an isoamyl group, and a hexyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkenyl group," as used herein, refers to a hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond at a main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, and examples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkenyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkynyl group," as used herein, refers to a hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at a main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, and examples thereof include an ethynyl group, and a propynyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkynylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkynyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group represented by -OA<NUM> (wherein A<NUM> is the C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group), and examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and an isopropyloxy group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkyl group," as used herein refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom and <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a <NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-oxatriazolidinyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, and a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkenyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent monocyclic group that has <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the ring thereof and no aromaticity (e.g., the ring and/or entire group is not aromatic), and examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkenyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring. Non-limiting examples of the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenyl group include a <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydro-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-oxatriazolyl group, a <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydrofuranyl group, and a <NUM>,<NUM>-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenyl group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms, and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> arylene group used herein refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group. When the C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group and the C<NUM>-C<NUM> arylene group each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other (e.g., combined together).

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroaryl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms. The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroarylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. When the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroaryl group and the C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroarylene group each include two or more rings, the rings may be condensed with each other (e.g., combined together).

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryloxy group," as used herein, refers to -OA<NUM> (wherein A<NUM> is the C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group), and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> arylthio group used herein indicates -SA<NUM> (wherein A<NUM> is the C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group).

The term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group (for example, having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed with each other (e.g., combined together), only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms, and no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the entire group is not aromatic). An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group is a fluorenyl group. The term "divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

The term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group (for example, having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed to each other (e.g., combined together), at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S, other than carbon atoms, as a ring-forming atom, and no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the entire molecule is not aromatic). An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is a carbazolyl group. The term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having <NUM> to <NUM> carbon atoms in which a ring-forming atom is a carbon atom only. The C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group may be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. The C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group may be a ring, such as benzene, a monovalent group, such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group, such as a phenylene group. In one or more embodiments, depending on the number of substituents connected to the C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group, the C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a quadrivalent group (e.g., a tetravalent group).

The term "C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocyclic group," as used herein, refers to a group having substantially the same structure as the C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group, except that as a ring-forming atom, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S is used in addition to carbon (the number of carbon atoms may be in a range of <NUM> to <NUM>).

At least one substituent of the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> carbocyclic group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocyclic group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkylene group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> arylene group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroarylene group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkenyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkynyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> cyclo alkoxy group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryloxy group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> arylthio group, the substituted C<NUM>-C<NUM> heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:.

The term "Ph" as used herein represents a phenyl group, the term "Me" as used herein represents a methyl group, the term "Et" as used herein represents an ethyl group, the term "ter-Bu" or "But," as used herein, represents a tert-butyl group, and the term "OMe" as used herein represents a methoxy group.

The term "biphenyl group" used herein refers to a "phenyl group substituted with a phenyl group. The "biphenyl group" is a "substituted phenyl group" having a "C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group" as a substituent.

The term "terphenyl group" used herein refers to a "phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group. The "terphenyl group" is a "phenyl group" having, as a substituent, a "C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group substituted with a C<NUM>-C<NUM> aryl group.

Hereinafter, a compound according to embodiments and an organic light-emitting device according to embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. The expression "B was used instead of A" used in describing Synthesis Examples means that an identical number (or substantially identical number) of molar equivalents of A was used in place of molar equivalents of B.

An electronic apparatus including a thin film encapsulation sealing an organic light-emitting device on a substrate was manufactured. The thin film encapsulation was formed by using a thin film encapsulation composition including benzophenone as a UV absorbent and <NUM>,<NUM>-naphthalenediol as a radical scavenger.

A thin film encapsulation sealing an organic light-emitting device on a substrate was formed by using a thin film encapsulation composition in substantially the same manner as Example <NUM>-<NUM>, except that benzophenone was used instead of a UV absorbent and a radical scavenger was not used.

An initial transmittance of the thin film encapsulation of each of the electronic apparatuses manufactured according to Example <NUM>-<NUM> and Comparative Example <NUM>-<NUM> and a transmittance after exposure with an exposure amount of <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM> for <NUM> minutes ("transmittance after exposure") were measured, and results thereof are shown in <FIG>.

Referring to <FIG>, in the electronic apparatus according to Example <NUM>-<NUM>, the time necessary for the transmittance of the thin film encapsulation to increase is longer, as compared with Comparative Example <NUM>-<NUM>, and thus, it is confirmed that photocuring resistance is excellent. For example, regarding a wavelength of <NUM>, since the electronic apparatus of Comparative Example <NUM>-<NUM> has an initial transmittance of about <NUM>% and a transmittance after exposure of about <NUM>%, a change in transmittance (a value obtained by subtracting an initial transmittance from a transmitted amount after exposure) is about <NUM>%, and transmittance is increased four-fold by <NUM>-minute exposure. In contrast, regarding a wavelength of <NUM>, since the electronic apparatus of Example <NUM>-<NUM> has an initial transmittance of about <NUM>% and a transmittance after exposure of about <NUM>%, the change in transmittance is small, as compared with Comparative Example <NUM>-<NUM>.

Therefore, an organic light-emitting display apparatus including a UV stabilizing mixture in an encapsulation may prevent an emission layer, an insulating film, or the like, including an organic material, from being damaged by ultraviolet rays (or may reduce a likelihood or degree of such damage).

As solvents and reagents used for synthesis, commercially available reagents were purchased and used, and those not written were used as purchased. <NUM>H-NMR analysis was performed at <NUM> by using a <NUM> NMR spectrometer, and DMSO-d<NUM> was used as a solvent. Chemical Shift was represented by δ unit (parts per million (ppm)) with reference to δH <NUM> of CHD<NUM>(CD<NUM>)SO.

<NUM>-(<NUM>-(<NUM>-Benzo[d][<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>]triazol-<NUM>-yl)-<NUM>-(tert-butyl)-<NUM>-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (<NUM> mmol), <NUM>-hydroxy-<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>,<NUM>-pentamethylpiperidine (<NUM> mmol), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (<NUM> mmol), <NUM>-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt, anhydrous) (<NUM> mmol), and diisopropylcarbodiimide (<NUM> mmol) were added to <NUM> of dried dimethylchloride solvent and stirred at room temperature. After the reaction was completed, water and ethylacetate were added to the product to extract an organic layer. The organic layer was washed three times by using saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution. Only the extracted organic layer was collected and dried by using magnesium sulfate. Then, the product was purified and separated by flash column chromatography (ethylacetate: n-hexane = <NUM>:<NUM>), and a solvent was removed through vacuum drying, thereby obtaining a white solid Compound <NUM> (final yield: <NUM>%).

<NUM>H-NMR (<NUM>, DMSO-d<NUM>) δppm <NUM> (br. S, <NUM>), <NUM>-<NUM> (m, <NUM>), <NUM> (d, J=<NUM>, <NUM>), <NUM>-<NUM> (m, <NUM>), <NUM> (d, J=<NUM>, <NUM>), <NUM> (m, <NUM>), <NUM> (t, J=<NUM>, <NUM>), <NUM> (t, J=<NUM>, <NUM>), <NUM> (s, <NUM>), <NUM>-<NUM> (m, <NUM>), <NUM> (s, <NUM>), <NUM> (s, <NUM>).

An electronic apparatus including a thin film encapsulation sealing an organic light-emitting device on a substrate was manufactured. The thin film encapsulation was formed by using a thin film encapsulation composition including Compound <NUM> synthesized in Synthesis Example <NUM>.

A thin film encapsulation sealing an organic light-emitting device on a substrate was formed in substantially the same manner as Example <NUM>, except that Compound A was used instead of Compound <NUM>.

A thin film encapsulation sealing an organic light-emitting device on a substrate was formed in substantially the same manner as Example <NUM>-<NUM>, except that a mixture in which Compound A and Compound B were mixed at an equivalent of <NUM>:<NUM> was used instead of Compound <NUM>.

An initial transmittance (T<NUM>) of the thin film encapsulation of each of the electronic apparatuses manufactured according to Example <NUM>-<NUM> and Comparative Examples <NUM>-<NUM> and <NUM>-<NUM> and a transmittance after exposure in an exposure amount of <NUM>,<NUM> Wh/m<NUM> by LED lighting having a maximum emission wavelength of <NUM> ("transmittance after exposure (T<NUM>)") were measured, and results thereof are shown in <FIG>.

In addition, with respect to an initial transmittance (T<NUM>) of the thin film encapsulation of each of the electronic apparatuses manufactured according to Example <NUM>-<NUM> and Comparative Examples <NUM>-<NUM> and <NUM>-<NUM> and a transmittance after exposure (T<NUM>), a transmittance variation (ΔT%) was calculated as expressed in Equation <NUM>, and is shown in Table <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG> and Table <NUM>, in the electronic apparatus according to Example <NUM>-<NUM>, there is almost no change in the initial transmittance and the transmittance after exposure in the thin film encapsulation (change in transmittance: <NUM> %), and photocuring resistance is excellent, as compared with the electronic apparatuses according to Comparative Examples <NUM>-<NUM> and <NUM>-<NUM>.

Therefore, an organic light-emitting display apparatus including the heterocyclic compound in the encapsulation may prevent an emission layer, an insulating film or the like, including an organic material, from being damaged by ultraviolet rays and visible rays having a short wavelength (or may reduce a likelihood or degree of such damage).

In one or more embodiments, an organic light-emitting display apparatus may prevent an emission layer, an insulating film, or the like, including an organic material, from being damaged by ultraviolet rays (or may reduce a likelihood or degree of such damage).

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. In addition, it will also be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "between" two elements or layers, it can be the only element or layer between the two elements or layers, or one or more intervening elements or layers may also be present.

It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," and "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of the stated features, integers, acts, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, acts, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

" As used herein, the terms "use," "using," and "used" may be considered synonymous with the terms "utilize," "utilizing," and "utilized," respectively.

Claim 1:
An electronic apparatus comprising:
a substrate (<NUM>);
an organic light-emitting device (<NUM>) on the substrate (<NUM>); and
a thin film encapsulation portion (<NUM>) sealing the organic light-emitting device (<NUM>),
wherein the thin film encapsulation portion (<NUM>) comprises
at least one organic film, which includes a first organic film comprising
a heterocyclic compound which is selected from Compounds <NUM> to <NUM>:
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
<CHM>
wherein in Compounds <NUM> to <NUM>,
R<NUM> to R<NUM> are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkyl group, and a C<NUM>-C<NUM> alkoxy group
and
the amount of the heterocyclic compound is in a range of about <NUM> parts by weight to about <NUM> parts by weight based on <NUM> parts by weight of the first organic film.