Patent Description:
Vaporizing devices, which can also be referred to as vaporizers, electronic vaporizer devices, or e-vaporizer devices, can be used for delivery of an aerosol (e.g., vapor-phase and/or condensed-phase material suspended in a stationary or moving mass of air or some other gas carrier) containing one or more active ingredients by inhalation of the aerosol by a user of the vaporizing device. For example, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) include a class of vaporizer devices that are battery powered and that may be used to simulate the experience of smoking, but without burning of tobacco or other substances. Vaporizers are gaining increasing popularity both for prescriptive medical use, in delivering medicaments, and for consumption of tobacco, nicotine, and other plant-based vaporizable materials, including solid and/or liquid materials, and prefilled pods (cartridges, wrapped containers, etc.) of such materials. Vaporizer devices may be portable, self-contained, and convenient for use.

In use of a vaporizer device, the user inhales an aerosol, colloquially referred to as "vapor," which may be generated by a heating element that vaporizes (e.g., causes a liquid or solid to at least partially transition to the gas phase) a vaporizable material, which may be liquid, a solution, a solid, a paste, a wax, and/or any other form compatible for use with a specific vaporizer device. The vaporizable material used with a vaporizer can be provided within a cartridge (e.g., a separable part of the vaporizer device that contains vaporizable material) that includes an outlet (e.g., a mouthpiece) for inhalation of the aerosol by a user.

To receive the inhalable aerosol generated by a vaporizer device, a user may, in certain examples, activate the vaporizer device by taking a puff, by pressing a button, and/or by some other approach. A puff as used herein can refer to inhalation by the user in a manner that causes a volume of air to be drawn into the vaporizer device such that the inhalable aerosol is generated by a combination of vaporized vaporizable material with the volume of air.

An approach by which a vaporizer device generates an inhalable aerosol from a vaporizable material involves heating the vaporizable material in a vaporization chamber (e.g., a heater chamber) to cause the vaporizable material to be converted to the gas (or vapor) phase. A vaporization chamber can refer to an area or volume in the vaporizer device within which a heat source (e.g., conductive, convective, and/or radiative) causes heating of a vaporizable material to produce a mixture of air and vaporized material to form a vapor for inhalation of the vaporizable material by a user of the vaporizer device.

In some implementations, the vaporizable material can be drawn out of a reservoir and into the vaporization chamber via a wicking element (e.g., a wick). Drawing of the vaporizable material into the vaporization chamber may be at least partially due to capillary action provided by the wick as the wick pulls the vaporizable material along the wick in the direction of the vaporization chamber. <CIT> discloses a vaporizer device including a flexible wick for drawing the vaporizable material from the reservoir by capillary forces, wherein the flexible wick extends into the reservoir. <CIT> discloses a flavor-generating device having a liquid container for storing a liquid flavor source. The liquid flavor source is drawn out of the container by capillary forces acting between two plates protruding into the container. The drawn-out liquid source is heated by two heaters, each of which is mounted on a respective distal end of the two plates.

Vaporizer devices can be controlled by one or more controllers, electronic circuits (e.g., sensors, heating elements), and/or the like on the vaporizer. Vaporizer devices may also wirelessly communicate with an external controller (e.g., a computing device such as a smartphone).

Aspects of the current subject matter relate to a heating element for use in a vaporizer device.

According to some implementations, a cartridge for a vaporizer device includes a reservoir and a heating element. The reservoir may hold a vaporizable material. The heating element may heat the vaporizable material. The heating element includes a capillary structure, which includes a plurality of rigid portions. Pairs of the plurality of rigid portions are spaced apart from one another to define a capillary gap therebetween. The capillary gap is configured to draw the vaporizable material from the reservoir to a heater region of the heating element to be heated. An aerosol is generated by heating the vaporizable material drawn to the heater region of the heating element.

According to the invention which is defined in independent claim <NUM>, the plurality of rigid portions of the capillary structure includes an upper rigid portion and a lower rigid portion integrally formed with the upper rigid portion and spaced apart from the upper rigid portion by a span that defines the capillary gap.

In some implementations, the plurality of rigid portions of the capillary structure includes an upper end portion in fluid communication with the reservoir, a lower end portion including a heater, a lower rigid portion, and an upper rigid portion integrally formed with the lower rigid portion. The upper rigid portion may include a plurality of upwardly extending members. The capillary gap may be formed between adjacent upwardly extending members of the plurality of upwardly extending members.

In some implementations, the plurality of rigid portions of the capillary structure includes an inner rigid portion defining a channel and an outer rigid portion surrounding the inner rigid portion and spaced apart from the inner rigid portion by a span that defines the capillary gap.

In some implementations, the heating element is at least partially positioned within the reservoir.

In some implementations, an upper rigid portion of the plurality of rigid portions may include an upper vaporization portion having a plurality of upper gaps and a lower rigid portion of the plurality of rigid portions. The lower rigid portion may include a lower vaporization portion having a plurality of lower gaps. The plurality of upper gaps may be positioned laterally offset from the plurality of lower gaps.

In some implementations, the cartridge may include an air inlet. The air inlet may direct a flow of air across the heater region such that when the heating element is activated, the vaporizable material drawn into the capillary gap at the heater region is evaporated into the flow of air.

In some implementations, the heating element includes an electrically conductive layer. The electrically conductive layer may include a trace pattern.

In some implementations, the heating element comprises nichrome.

In some implementations, the cartridge includes an atomizer chamber housing that surrounds at least a portion of the heating element. The atomizer chamber housing may include a cutout region. The cutout region may receive a porous material configured to absorb the vaporizable material.

According to the invention, the heating element forms a single rigid portion that is folded to define the upper rigid portion and the lower rigid portion. In some implementations, the upper rigid portion is positioned parallel to the lower rigid portion.

In some implementations, the heating element includes a plurality of perforations to allow the vaporizable material to evaporate therethrough.

According to some implementations, a method includes drawing, through a capillary gap formed between two rigid portions of a heating element, a vaporizable material from a reservoir of a vaporizer device to a heater region. The heating element may be partially positioned within at least a portion of the reservoir. Each of the two rigid portions may have a vaporization portion. The method may also include heating at least the vaporization portion of the two rigid portions to cause vaporization of the vaporizable material. The method may further include causing the vaporized vaporizable material to be entrained in a flow of air along an air flow path to a mouthpiece of the vaporizer device.

The claims that follow this disclosure are intended to define the scope of the protected subject matter.

Implementations of the current subject matter include methods, apparatuses, articles of manufacture, and systems relating to vaporization of one or more materials for inhalation by a user. Example implementations include vaporizer devices and systems including vaporizer devices. The term "vaporizer device" as used in the following description and claims refers to any of a self-contained apparatus, an apparatus that includes two or more separable parts (e.g., a vaporizer body that includes a battery and other hardware, and a cartridge that includes a vaporizable material), and/or the like. A "vaporizer system," as used herein, may include one or more components, such as a vaporizer device. Examples of vaporizer devices consistent with implementations of the current subject matter include electronic vaporizers, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and/or the like. In general, such vaporizer devices are handheld devices that heat (e.g., by convection, conduction, radiation, and/or some combination thereof) a vaporizable material to provide an inhalable dose of the material. The vaporizable material used with a vaporizer device may be provided within a cartridge (e.g., a part of the vaporizer that contains the vaporizable material in a reservoir or other container) which may be refillable when empty, or disposable such that a new cartridge containing additional vaporizable material of a same or different type can be used). A vaporizer device may be a cartridge-using vaporizer device, a cartridge-less vaporizer device, or a multi-use vaporizer device capable of use with or without a cartridge. For example, a vaporizer device may include a heating chamber (e.g., an oven or other region in which material is heated by a heating element) configured to receive a vaporizable material directly into the heating chamber, and/or a reservoir or the like for containing the vaporizable material. In some implementations, a vaporizer device may be configured for use with a liquid vaporizable material (e.g., a carrier solution in which an active and/or inactive ingredient(s) are suspended or held in solution, or a liquid form of the vaporizable material itself), a paste, a wax, and/or a solid vaporizable material. A solid vaporizable material may include a plant material that emits some part of the plant material as the vaporizable material (e.g., such that some part of the plant material remains as waste after the material is vaporized for inhalation by a user) or optionally can be a solid form of the vaporizable material itself, such that all of the solid material may eventually be vaporized for inhalation. A liquid vaporizable material may likewise be capable of being completely vaporized, or may include some portion of the liquid material that remains after all of the material suitable for inhalation has been vaporized.

Referring to the block diagram of <FIG>, a vaporizer device <NUM> can include a power source <NUM> (e.g., a battery, which may be a rechargeable battery), and a controller <NUM> (e.g., a processor, circuitry, etc. capable of executing logic) for controlling delivery of heat to an atomizer <NUM> to cause a vaporizable material to be converted from a condensed form (e.g., a solid, a liquid, a solution, a suspension, a part of an at least partially unprocessed plant material, etc.) to the gas phase. The controller <NUM> may be part of one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs) consistent with certain implementations of the current subject matter. After conversion of the vaporizable material to the gas phase, and depending on the type of vaporizer, the physical and chemical properties of the vaporizable material, and/or other factors, at least some of the gas-phase vaporizable material may condense to form particulate matter in at least a partial local equilibrium with the gas phase as part of an aerosol, which can form some or all of an inhalable dose provided by the vaporizer device <NUM> during a user's puff or draw on the vaporizer device <NUM>. It should be appreciated that the interplay between gas and condensed phases in an aerosol generated by a vaporizer device <NUM> can be complex and dynamic, due to factors such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, chemistry, flow conditions in airflow paths (both inside the vaporizer device <NUM> and in the airways of a human or other animal), and/or mixing of the gas-phase or aerosol-phase vaporizable material with other air streams, etc., which may affect one or more physical parameters of an aerosol. In some vaporizer devices, and particularly for vaporizer devices configured for delivery of volatile vaporizable materials, the inhalable dose may exist predominantly in the gas phase (e.g., formation of condensed phase particles may be very limited).

Aspects of the current subject matter may include use of atomizer elements with a structure that need not be porous, but instead may include a narrow, wettable gap between structural elements such that capillary pressure draws liquid vaporizable material from a reservoir to a heated zone of the heating element for vaporization. Such structures may provide advantages relating to more easily controllable capillary pressures, ease of manufacturing, and the like.

Vaporizer devices <NUM> for use with liquid vaporizable materials (e.g., neat liquids, suspensions, solutions, mixtures, etc.) can include an atomizer <NUM> in which a wicking element (e.g., a wick (not shown in <FIG>), which can include any material capable of causing fluid motion by capillary pressure) conveys an amount of a liquid vaporizable material to a part of the atomizer that includes a heating element (also not shown in <FIG>). The wicking element is generally configured to draw liquid vaporizable material from a reservoir configured to contain (and that may in use contain) the liquid vaporizable material, such that the liquid vaporizable material may be vaporized by heat delivered from a heating element. The wicking element may also optionally allow air to enter the reservoir and replace the volume of liquid removed. In some implementations of the current subject matter, capillary action may pull liquid vaporizable material into the wick for vaporization by the heating element, and air may return to the reservoir <NUM> through the wick to at least partially equalize pressure in the reservoir.

Other methods of allowing air back into the reservoir <NUM> to equalize pressure are also within the scope of the current subject matter. For example, vaporizer devices have utilized a wick formed of silica, cotton, or fiberglass material. A silica wick material may be formed by bundling together fine, continuous filaments of, for example, silica glass, first into threads, which are then bundled together to form the cord or rope used as the wick. The cord may be specified by a nominal outer diameter, number of threads, and/or a value indicating a linear density.

As used herein, the terms "wick" or "wicking element" include any material capable of causing fluid motion via capillary pressure.

Heating elements can be or include one or more of a conductive heater, a radiative heater, and a convective heater. One type of heating element is a resistive heating element, may comprise a material (e.g., a metal or alloy, for example a nickel-chromium alloy, or a non-metallic resistor) configured to dissipate electrical power in the form of heat when electrical current is passed through one or more resistive segments of the heating element. An atomizer can include a heating element which includes a resistive coil or other heating element wrapped around, positioned within, integrated into a bulk shape of, pressed into thermal contact with, or otherwise arranged to deliver heat to a wicking element to cause a liquid vaporizable material drawn from a reservoir by the wicking element to be vaporized for subsequent inhalation by a user in a gas and/or a condensed (e.g., aerosol particles or droplets) phase. Other wicking elements, heating elements and/or atomizer assembly configurations are also possible.

However, atomizer systems, in which liquid is drawn into a fibrous wick from a reservoir, may be limited in that the liquid may be predominantly drawn in at or near end points of the cord that are in contact with the liquid in the reservoir (e.g., at end points of continuous filaments of silica or other fibrous material is used as a wick) and then transported along the main axis of the wick to a heated region of the wick form which vaporization occurs. During use of a vaporizer device, liquid may not be replenished to the heated region as quickly as desired for a user as the liquid is vaporized from the heated region of the wick and more liquid needs to travel along the length of the wick for replenishment. Improvements on the liquid delivery rate of such designs may be desirable. Additionally, certain materials used in wick construction, such as fiberglass can easily break and generate dust, which may be undesirable and/or harmful.

In one example of a wick-based atomizer design, a typical wick can have a diameter of approximately <NUM> and a surface area of about <NUM><NUM> per mm of length. Increasing the length of the heated section can increase the heating area, but any vaporizable liquid would be required to travel further to reach the center of the heater. Such configurations can limit the total power that can be used for vaporization without also increasing the power density. This can increase the risk that incremental increases in power leads to loss of liquid, rather than more efficient vaporization.

Additional improvements may be possible relative to a traditional atomizer system in which liquid is drawn into the wick from a reservoir. For example, a traditional atomizer system may be fairly complex with many components, and there may be significant variability in the manufacturing and use of the wick and the coil components. Moreover, the wick, formed as described above by bundling together fine, continuous filaments first into threads, which are then bundled together to form the cord or rope used as the wick, may be fragile and its non-rigid structure may require precise and careful placement, increasing the complexity of manufacturing. Certain material properties (such as capillarity) of traditional wicks may be difficult to accurately measure without exposing the material to liquid. Certain material properties may be able to be estimated, but are difficult to predict due to the high compressibility of the materials.

In other atomizer designs, the traditional wick and coil design is modified to incorporate a cylindrical ceramic wick, which addresses some design challenges of having a non-rigid wick as well as shortcomings due to the longitudinal draw of liquid. However, such designs tend to have many parts, also leading to manufacturing complexity, and may have other drawbacks.

In yet another atomizer design, a chimney coil design is implemented. Such a design utilizes a ceramic wick formed into a hollow tube with a heating coil on an inside portion of the hollow tube. Rather than pulling liquid from a reservoir along an axis of the wick, liquid surrounds the perimeter of the chimney coil, resulting in a large wicking area and a short wicking distance. However, this design tends to have a large number of parts, leading to manufacturing complexities.

Each of the atomizers described above may include additional challenges in that the designs may not always be volumetrically compact, and instead may occupy a significant portion of the vaporizer device in which they are incorporated. Reduction of atomizer volume and thereby allowing greater volume for the vaporizable material, can be a key goal of vaporizer design.

Certain vaporizer devices may, additionally, or alternatively be configured to create an inhalable dose of gas-phase and/or aerosol-phase vaporizable material via heating of a non-liquid vaporizable material, such as for example a solid-phase vaporizable material (e.g., a wax or the like) or plant material (e.g., tobacco leaves and/or parts of tobacco leaves). In such vaporizer devices, a resistive heating element may be part of or otherwise incorporated into or in thermal contact with the walls of an oven or other heating chamber into which the non-liquid vaporizable material is placed. Alternatively, a resistive heating element or elements may be used to heat air passing through or past the non-liquid vaporizable material to cause convective heating of the non-liquid vaporizable material. In still other examples, a resistive heating element or elements may be disposed in intimate contact with plant material such that direct conductive heating of the plant material occurs from within a mass of the plant material (e.g., as opposed to only by conduction inward from walls of an oven).

The heating element may be activated (e.g., a controller, which is optionally part of a vaporizer body as discussed below, may cause current to pass from the power source through a circuit including the resistive heating element, which is optionally part of a vaporizer cartridge as discussed below), in association with a user puffing (e.g., drawing, inhaling, etc.) on a mouthpiece <NUM> of the vaporizer to cause air to flow from an air inlet, along an airflow path that passes an atomizer (e.g., wicking element and heating element). Optionally, air may flow from an air inlet through one or more condensation areas or chambers, to an air outlet in the mouthpiece. Incoming air passing along the airflow path passes over, through, etc., the atomizer, where gas phase vaporizable material is entrained into the air. As noted above, the entrained gas-phase vaporizable material may condense as it passes through the remainder of the airflow path such that an inhalable dose of the vaporizable material in an aerosol form can be delivered from the air outlet (e.g., in a mouthpiece <NUM> for inhalation by a user).

Activation of the heating element may be caused by automatic detection of the puff based on one or more of signals generated by one or more sensors <NUM>. These sensors <NUM> may include one or more of a pressure sensor or sensors disposed to detect pressure along the airflow path relative to ambient pressure (or optionally to measure changes in absolute pressure), one or more motion sensors (e.g., accelerometers) of the vaporizer device <NUM>, one or more flow sensors of the vaporizer device <NUM>, and/or a capacitive lip sensor of the vaporizer; in response to detection of interaction of a user with one or more input devices <NUM> (e.g., buttons or other tactile control devices of the vaporizer device <NUM>), receipt of signals from a computing device in communication with the vaporizer device <NUM>; and/or via other approaches for determining that a puff is occurring or imminent.

As discussed herein, a vaporizer device <NUM> consistent with implementations of the current subject matter may be configured to connect (e.g., wirelessly or via a wired connection) to a computing device (or optionally two or more devices) in communication with the vaporizer device <NUM>. To this end, the controller <NUM> may include communication hardware <NUM>. The controller may also include a memory <NUM>. The communication hardware <NUM> can include firmware and/or can be controlled by software for executing one or more cryptographic protocols for the communication.

A computing device can be a component of a vaporizer system that also includes the vaporizer <NUM>, and can include its own hardware for communication, which can establish a wireless communication channel with the communication hardware <NUM> of the vaporizer device <NUM>. For example, a computing device used as part of a vaporizer system may include a general purpose computing device (e.g., a smartphone, a tablet, a personal computer, some other portable device such as a smartwatch, or the like) that executes software to produce a user interface for enabling a user to interact with a vaporizer device. In other implementations of the current subject matter, such a device used as part of a vaporizer system can be a dedicated piece of hardware such as a remote control or other wireless or wired device having one or more physical or soft (e.g., configurable on a screen or other display device and selectable via user interaction with a touch-sensitive screen or some other input device like a mouse, pointer, trackball, cursor buttons, or the like) interface controls. The vaporizer device <NUM> can also include one or more outputs <NUM> or devices for providing information to the user. For example, the outputs <NUM> can include one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) configured to provide feedback to a user based on a status and/or mode of operation of the vaporizer device <NUM>.

A computing device that is part of a vaporizer system as defined above can be used for any of one or more functions, such as controlling dosing (e.g., dose monitoring, dose setting, dose limiting, user tracking, etc.), controlling sessioning (e.g., session monitoring, session setting, session limiting, user tracking, etc.), controlling nicotine delivery (e.g., switching between nicotine and non-nicotine vaporizable material, adjusting an amount of nicotine delivered, etc.), obtaining locational information (e.g., location of other users, retailer/commercial venue locations, vaping locations, relative or absolute location of the vaporizer itself, etc.), vaporizer personalization (e.g., naming the vaporizer, locking/password protecting the vaporizer, adjusting one or more parental controls, associating the vaporizer with a user group, registering the vaporizer with a manufacturer or warranty maintenance organization, etc.), engaging in social activities with other users (e.g., games, social media communications, interacting with one or more groups, etc.), or the like. The terms "sessioning", "session", "vaporizer session," or "vapor session," are used generically to refer to a period devoted to the use of the vaporizer. The period can include a time period, a number of doses, an amount of vaporizable material, and/or the like.

In the example in which a computing device provides signals related to activation of the resistive heating element, or in other examples of coupling of a computing device with a vaporizer device for implementation of various control or other functions, the computing device executes one or more computer instructions sets to provide a user interface and underlying data handling. In one example, detection by the computing device of user interaction with one or more user interface elements can cause the computing device to signal the vaporizer device <NUM> to activate the heating element, either to a full operating temperature for creation of an inhalable dose of vapor/aerosol or to a lower temperature to begin heating the heating element. Other functions of the vaporizer device may be controlled by interaction of a user with a user interface on a computing device in communication with the vaporizer device.

The temperature of a resistive heating element of a vaporizer device may depend on a number of factors, including an amount of electrical power delivered to the resistive heating element and/or a duty cycle at which the electrical power is delivered, conductive heat transfer to other parts of the electronic vaporizer device and/or to the environment, latent heat losses due to vaporization of a vaporizable material from the wicking element and/or the atomizer as a whole, and convective heat losses due to airflow (e.g., air moving across the heating element or the atomizer as a whole when a user inhales on the vaporizer device). As noted herein, to reliably activate the heating element or heat the heating element to a desired temperature, a vaporizer device may, in some implementations of the current subject matter, make use of signals from a sensor (e.g., a pressure sensor) to determine when a user is inhaling. The sensor can be positioned in the airflow path and/or can be connected (e.g., by a passageway or other path) to an airflow path containing an inlet for air to enter the device and an outlet via which the user inhales the resulting vapor and/or aerosol such that the sensor experiences changes (e.g., pressure changes) concurrently with air passing through the vaporizer device from the air inlet to the air outlet. In some implementations of the current subject matter, the heating element may be activated in association with a user's puff, for example by automatic detection of the puff by the pressure sensor detecting a change (e.g., a pressure change) in the airflow path.

The sensor(s) <NUM> can be positioned on or coupled to (e.g., electrically or electronically connected, either physically or via a wireless connection) the controller <NUM> (e.g., a printed circuit board assembly or other type of circuit board). To take measurements accurately and maintain durability of the vaporizer device <NUM>, it can be beneficial to provide a resilient seal <NUM> to separate an airflow path from other parts of the vaporizer device <NUM>. The seal <NUM>, which can be a gasket, may be configured to at least partially surround the sensor(s) <NUM> such that connections of the sensor(s) <NUM> to the internal circuitry of the vaporizer device <NUM> are separated from a part of the sensor(s) <NUM> exposed to the airflow path. In an example of a cartridge-based vaporizer, the seal <NUM> may also separate parts of one or more electrical connections between a vaporizer body <NUM> and a vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. Such arrangements of a seal <NUM> in a vaporizer device <NUM> can be helpful in mitigating against potentially disruptive impacts on vaporizer components resulting from interactions with environmental factors such as water in the vapor or liquid phases, other fluids such as the vaporizable material, etc. and/or to reduce escape of air from the designated airflow path in the vaporizer device <NUM>. Unwanted air, liquid or other fluid passing and/or contacting circuitry of the vaporizer device <NUM> can cause various unwanted effects, such as altered pressure readings, and/or can result in the buildup of unwanted material, such as moisture, excess vaporizable material, etc. in parts of the vaporizer where they may result in poor pressure signal, degradation of the sensor(s) or other components, and/or a shorter life of the vaporizer device <NUM>. Leaks in the seal <NUM> can also result in a user inhaling air that has passed over parts of the vaporizer device <NUM> containing or constructed of materials that may not be desirable to be inhaled.

In some implementations, a vaporizer body <NUM> includes a controller <NUM>, a power source <NUM> (e.g., battery), one or more sensors, charging contacts (e.g., for charging the power source <NUM>), a gasket or sealing mechanism (or seal) <NUM>, and a cartridge receptacle <NUM> configured to receive a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> for coupling with the vaporizer body <NUM> through one or more of a variety of attachment structures. In some examples, vaporizer cartridge <NUM> includes a reservoir <NUM> for containing a liquid vaporizable material and a mouthpiece <NUM> having an aerosol outlet for delivering an inhalable dose to a user. The vaporizer cartridge can include an atomizer <NUM> having a wicking element and a heating element, or alternatively, one or both of the wicking element and the heating element can be part of the vaporizer body <NUM>. In implementations in which any part of the atomizer <NUM> (e.g., heating element and/or wicking element) is part of the vaporizer body <NUM>, the vaporizer device can be configured to supply liquid vaporizable material from a reservoir in the vaporizer cartridge to the atomizer part(s) included in the vaporizer body.

Cartridge-based configurations for vaporizers that generate an inhalable dose of a non-liquid vaporizable material via heating of a non-liquid vaporizable material are also within the scope of the current subject matter. For example, a vaporizer cartridge may include a mass of a plant material that is processed and formed to have direct contact with parts of one or more resistive heating elements, and such a vaporizer cartridge may be configured to be coupled mechanically and electrically to a vaporizer body that includes a controller, a power source, and receptacle contacts for connecting to corresponding cartridge contacts and completing a circuit with the one or more resistive heating elements.

In vaporizer devices in which the power source <NUM> is part of a vaporizer body <NUM> and a heating element is disposed in a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> configured to couple with the vaporizer body <NUM>, the vaporizer <NUM> may include electrical connection features (e.g., means for completing a circuit) for completing a circuit that includes the controller (e.g., a printed circuit board, a microcontroller, or the like), the power source, and the heating element. These features may include at least two contacts (referred to herein as cartridge contacts <NUM>) on a bottom surface of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> and at least two contacts (referred to herein as receptacle contacts <NUM>) disposed near a base of the cartridge receptacle of the vaporizer device <NUM> such that the cartridge contacts <NUM> and the receptacle contacts <NUM> make electrical connections when the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> is inserted into and coupled with the cartridge receptacle <NUM>. The circuit completed by these electrical connections can allow delivery of electrical current to a heating element and may further be used for additional functions, such as measuring a resistance of the heating element for use in determining and/or controlling a temperature of the heating element based on a thermal coefficient of resistivity of the heating element, for identifying a cartridge based on one or more electrical characteristics of a resistive heating element or the other circuitry of the vaporizer cartridge, etc..

In some implementations of the current subject matter, the at least two cartridge contacts and the at least two receptacle contacts can be configured to electrically connect in either of at least two orientations. In other words, one or more circuits necessary for operation of the vaporizer can be completed by insertion of a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in the cartridge receptacle <NUM> in a first rotational orientation (around an axis along which the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> is inserted into the cartridge receptacle <NUM> of the vaporizer body <NUM>) such that a first cartridge contact of the at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> is electrically connected to a first receptacle contact of the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM> and a second cartridge contact of the at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> is electrically connected to a second receptacle contact of the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM>. Furthermore, the one or more circuits necessary for operation of the vaporizer can be completed by insertion of a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in the cartridge receptacle <NUM> in a second rotational orientation such that the first cartridge contact of the at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> is electrically connected to the second receptacle contact of the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM> and the second cartridge contact of the at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> is electrically connected to the first receptacle contact of the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM>.

In one example of an attachment structure for coupling a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> to a vaporizer body, the vaporizer body <NUM> includes a one or more detects (e.g., dimples, protrusions, etc.) protruding inwardly from an inner surface of the cartridge receptacle <NUM>, additional material (e.g., metal, plastic, etc.) formed to include a portion protruding into the cartridge receptacle <NUM>, and/or the like. One or more exterior surfaces of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> can include corresponding recesses (not shown in <FIG>) that can fit and/or otherwise snap over such detents or protruding portions when the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> is inserted into the cartridge receptacle <NUM> on the vaporizer body <NUM>. When the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> and the vaporizer body <NUM> are coupled (e.g., by insertion of an end of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> into the cartridge receptacle <NUM> of the vaporizer body <NUM>), the detents or protrusions of the vaporizer body <NUM> may fit within and/or otherwise be held within the recesses of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> to hold the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in place when assembled. Such an assembly can provide enough support to hold the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in place to ensure good contact between the at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> and the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM>, while allowing release of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> from the vaporizer body <NUM> when a user pulls with reasonable force on the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> to disengage the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> from the cartridge receptacle <NUM>.

In some implementations, the cartridge receptacle <NUM> may have a non-circular cross-section transverse to the axis along which the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> is inserted into the cartridge receptacle <NUM>. For example, the non-circular cross-section may be approximately rectangular, approximately elliptical (e.g., have an approximately oval shape), non-rectangular but with two sets of parallel or approximately parallel opposing sides (e.g., having a parallelogram-like shape), or other shapes having rotational symmetry of at least order two. In this context, approximate shapes indicate that a basic likeness to the described shape is apparent, but that sides of the shape in question need not be completely linear and vertices need not be completely sharp. Rounding of both or either of edges or vertices of the cross-sectional shape is contemplated in the description of any non-circular cross-section referred to herein.

The at least two cartridge contacts <NUM> and the at least two receptacle contacts <NUM> can take various forms. For example, one or both sets of contacts may include conductive pins, tabs, posts, receiving holes for pins or posts, or the like. Some types of contacts may include springs or other features to facilitate better physical and electrical contact between the contacts on the vaporizer cartridge and the vaporizer body. The electrical contacts may optionally be gold-plated, and/or can include other materials.

An atomizer component for a vaporizer device, consistent with features of one or more implementations of the current subject matter, may provide advantages and improvements relative to current vaporizer configurations, methods of manufacture, and the like, while also introducing additional benefits as described herein.

1B illustrates an embodiment of a vaporizer body <NUM> having a cartridge receptacle <NUM> into which the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> may be releasably inserted. <FIG> shows a top view of a vaporizer device <NUM> illustrating the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> positioned for insertion into the vaporizer body <NUM>. When a user puffs on the vaporizer device <NUM>, air may pass between an outer surface of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> and an inner surface of a cartridge receptacle <NUM> on the vaporizer body <NUM>. Air can then be drawn into an insertable end of the cartridge <NUM>, through the vaporization chamber that includes or contains the heating element and wick, and out through an outlet of the mouthpiece <NUM> for delivery of the inhalable aerosol to a user. The reservoir <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> may be formed in whole or in part from translucent material such that a level of vaporizable material is visible within the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. The mouthpiece <NUM> can be a separable component of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> or may be integrally formed with other component(s) of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> (e.g., formed as a unitary structure with the reservoir <NUM> and/or the like).

Further to the discussion above regarding the electrical connections between a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> and a vaporizer body <NUM> being reversible such that at least two rotational orientations of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in the cartridge receptacle <NUM> are possible, in some vaporizer devices, the shape of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, or at least a shape of the end of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> that is configured for insertion into the cartridge receptacle <NUM>, may have rotational symmetry of at least order two. In other words, the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> or at least an insertable end of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> may be symmetrical upon a rotation of <NUM>° around an axis along which the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> is inserted into the cartridge receptacle <NUM>. In such a configuration, the circuitry of the vaporizer device <NUM> may support identical operation regardless of which symmetrical orientation of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> occurs.

<FIG> illustrate example features that may be included in vaporizer devices consistent with implementations of the current subject matter. <FIG> show top views of an example vaporizer device <NUM> before (<FIG>) and after (<FIG>) connecting a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> to a vaporizer body <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates a perspective view of one variation of a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> holding a liquid vaporizable material <NUM>. Any appropriate vaporizable material <NUM> may be contained within the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> (e.g., within a reservoir <NUM>), including solutions of nicotine or other organic materials.

<FIG> shows a perspective view of another example of a vaporizer device <NUM> including a vaporizer body <NUM> coupled to a separable vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. As illustrated, the vaporizer device <NUM> can include one or more outputs <NUM> (e.g., LEDs) configured to provide information to a user based on a status, mode of operation, and/or the like, of the vaporizer device <NUM>. In some aspects, the one or more outputs <NUM> can include a plurality of LEDs (e.g., two, three, four, five, or six LEDs). The one or more outputs <NUM> (e.g., each individual LED) can be configured to display light in one or more colors (e.g., white, red, blue, green, yellow etc.). The one or more outputs <NUM> can be configured to display different light patterns (e.g., by illuminating specific LEDs, varying a light intensity of one or more of the LEDs over time, illuminating one or more LEDs with a different color, and/or the like) to indicate different statuses, modes of operation, and/or the like of the vaporizer device <NUM>. In some implementations, the one or more outputs <NUM> can be proximal to and/or at least partially disposed within a bottom end region <NUM> of the vaporizer device <NUM>. The vaporizer device <NUM> may, additionally or alternatively, include externally accessible charging contacts <NUM>, which can be proximate to and/or at least partially disposed within the bottom end region of the vaporizer device <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates a schematic view of a heating element <NUM> and a reservoir <NUM> consistent with implementations of the current subject matter. The heating element <NUM> may define and/or include a capillary structure, such as one or more capillary gaps, channels, and the like.

The heating element <NUM> includes one or more (e.g., two or more) rigid portions that are separated to define the capillary structure. For example, the one or more rigid portions may include a first plate portion <NUM> and a second plate portion <NUM> that are separated by a span <NUM> (e.g., the capillary gap, channel, etc.). The span <NUM> includes the distance by which the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> are separated. In other words, a size of the span <NUM> is the distance between the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM>. The span <NUM> can allow fluid, such as the vaporizable material, to be held between and/or drawn into space between the rigid portions in various orientations. For example, the rigid portions (e.g., the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM>) are desirably spaced by the span <NUM> to allow for fluid (e.g., vaporizable material) to be transported from and/or drawn from the reservoir <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> to a vaporization portion <NUM> (e.g., vaporization portions 122A, 122B) (in which the fluid is heated and/or vaporized to generate an aerosol) of the heating element <NUM>, for example, via capillary action.

The span <NUM> can be desirably narrow to maintain strong and/or sufficient capillary forces to draw and/or otherwise retain the fluid between the rigid portions. For example, the size of the span <NUM> may control the rate at which the fluid is replenished within the span <NUM>. In some implementations, the span <NUM> can be desirably selected and/or sized to limit or prevent the vaporizable material from draining into or out of the span <NUM> too quickly, and/or secure the vaporizable material within the span <NUM>. In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> can be desirably selected and/or sized to allow the span <NUM> to hold a sufficient amount of vaporizable material such that the span <NUM> does not need to be replenished during a puff, and/or can be easily replenished during and/or after a puff.

In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> (e.g., a distance between the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM>), is approximately <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, <NUM> to <NUM>, and/or other ranges therebetween. In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> is approximately equal to a thickness of each of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> is approximately equal to a thickness of the heating element <NUM> at the vaporization portion <NUM>. In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> is greater than the thickness of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In other implementations, the size of the span <NUM> is less than the thickness of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In some implementation, the size of the span <NUM> along a first length of the span <NUM> is greater than the thickness of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> and the size of the span <NUM> along a second length of the span <NUM> is less than the thickness of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>.

In some implementations, a length of the span is approximately equal to a length of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In some implementations, a length of the span is approximately equal to a length of the vaporization portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>. In some implementations, the length of the span <NUM> is greater than the size of the span <NUM>.

In some implementations, the dimensions of the rigid portions of the heating element <NUM> (e.g., the first and the second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>) can be selected to help minimize a maximum hydrostatic potential across the rigid portions (e.g., the first plate portion <NUM> and/or the second plate portion <NUM>). The size of the span <NUM> can also be varied at one or more portions of the heating element <NUM>, such as portions of the heating element <NUM> positioned within the reservoir <NUM>, to selectively draw a certain amount of vaporizable material (and/or return to the reservoir and/or replace vaporizable material within the reservoir, equalizing backpressure) and/or allow a certain amount of air to pass through, by, over, and/or around the heating element <NUM>. In some implementations, the size of the span <NUM> at a portion of the heating element <NUM>- for accepting a flow of vaporizable material into the heater, can be the same and/or different from the size of the span <NUM> at a portion of the heating element <NUM> for allowing the flow (e.g., return) of air to and/or from the reservoir <NUM>.

Thus, the heating element <NUM> consistent with implementations of the current subject matter may efficiently control an amount of vaporizable material heated and vaporized by the vaporizer device <NUM>. The heating element <NUM> may additionally and/or alternatively allow for the vaporizer device <NUM> to heat and vaporize the vaporizable material to generate an aerosol without the use of a wicking element, such as a fibrous wicking element.

Referring to <FIG>, the heating element <NUM> (e.g., capillary structure) includes a first plate portion <NUM> and a second plate portion <NUM>. As noted above, the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> define one or more rigid portions. Each of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> extend from a proximal end portion 193A to a distal end portion 193B. The proximal end portion 193A may be positioned within the reservoir <NUM> and the distal end portion 193B may be positioned out of and/or away from the reservoir <NUM>. For example, <FIG> illustrates a side schematic view of the heating element <NUM> and the reservoir <NUM>, with an example air flow path <NUM> and liquid flow path <NUM> and <FIG> illustrates a bottom schematic view of the heating element <NUM> and the reservoir <NUM>, with the example air flow path <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates an example of the heating element <NUM> in an unfolded configuration. For example, the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> can be integrally formed as a single structure that is folded along a central lateral axis. In some example methods of manufacturing, the heating element <NUM> can be formed as a single plate through stamping, punching, laser cutting, blanking, die casting, stretch forming, and/or other manufacturing processes.

The heating element <NUM> can form a resistive heating structure that can be heated to draw a vaporizable material from the reservoir <NUM> through, for example, non-porosity driven capillarity. For example, the heating element <NUM> can be formed of a conductive material. In some implementations, at least a portion of the heating element <NUM> can be plated with a conductive material before or after the heating element <NUM> is formed by any of the manufacturing processes listed above, and others. Once the heating element <NUM> is formed, the heating element <NUM> can be folded along a central lateral axis between the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>, so that at least the vaporization portions 122A, 122B of the first and the second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> are approximately parallel to form the span <NUM> (e.g., capillary gap) and/or to induce capillary action. In some implementations, the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> are angled relative to one another. In some implementations, the heating element <NUM> may also include a separate heater 120A or heater circuit traces 120A to heat the heating element <NUM>, as explained in more detail below.

As shown in <FIG>, the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> can be shaped to have one or more gaps to allow for vaporizable material to be vented from the capillary gap to the air path <NUM>. The gaps can be surrounded by edges of adjacent sections of the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> to allow the vaporizable material to be vented from the capillary gap to the air path <NUM>.

Generally, when a user puffs on the mouthpiece <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, air flows into the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> and along the air path <NUM>. In association with the user puff, the heating element <NUM> may be activated, as explained below. When the heating element <NUM> is activated, a temperature increase results due to current flowing through the heating element <NUM> to generate heat. The heat is transferred to some amount of the vaporizable material through conductive, convective, and/or radiative heat transfer such that at least a portion of the vaporizable material vaporizes. The heat transfer can occur to vaporizable material in the reservoir and/or to vaporizable material positioned within the capillary gap. The air passing into the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> flows along the air path <NUM>, stripping away the vaporized vaporizable material from the heating element <NUM>, as shown in <FIG>. In such implementations, waste heat may be limited as heat would not be freely conducted into the reservoir <NUM> and/or other portions of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrate an example of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> (or portions thereof) in which a heating element <NUM> may be incorporated consistent with some implementations of the current subject matter. The vaporizer cartridge <NUM> may be used and/or otherwise coupled with a vaporizer body <NUM> (not shown) having a battery and control circuitry, together configured to generate an inhalable vapor by heating a vaporizable material before and/or as the vaporizable material enters the heating element <NUM>, from which it can be vaporized.

The vaporizer cartridge <NUM> can include a reservoir (or tank) <NUM> for holding a vaporizable material (such as an oil, a solution, or some other fluid or liquid), a mouthpiece <NUM>, an air inlet <NUM>, and an atomizer chamber <NUM> positioned within or in contact with fluid contained within the reservoir <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the atomizer chamber <NUM> can include a heating element housing <NUM>, a cartridge contact <NUM> (such as a receptacle, terminal, etc.), an atomizer chamber air inlet <NUM>, and the heating element <NUM>. The atomizer chamber <NUM> can at least partially surround and/or support the heating element <NUM>. The atomizer chamber <NUM> can be, according to some aspects, secured within the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> by, for example, ultrasonic welding, radio-frequency (RF) welding, a snap-fit connection, or by any other secure connection method. In some implementations, the atomizer chamber <NUM> is removable from the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, the cartridge <NUM> may include at least two cartridge contacts <NUM>, which can include any shape and/or structure that receives and/or contacts an electrical connector and/or power supply <NUM>. In some implementations, the cartridge contact <NUM> includes at least four cartridge contacts <NUM> for further temperature, electrical resistance, and/or sensor readings or measurements.

The cartridge contacts <NUM> can be configured to receive or contact corresponding receptacle contacts <NUM> of the vaporizer body <NUM> when the cartridge <NUM> is assembled to the vaporizer body <NUM>. The cartridge contacts <NUM> can extend inwardly from a bottom surface of the atomizer chamber <NUM> toward an interior volume of the atomizer chamber <NUM>. In some implementations, an upper end portion of the cartridge contacts <NUM> can contact and/or otherwise couple with at least a portion of the heating element <NUM>, such as the contact portions <NUM>, at the contact region <NUM> (see <FIG>). In some embodiments, the cartridge contacts <NUM> are secured to the contact portions <NUM> by, for example, spot-welding, ultrasonic welding, radio-frequency (RF) welding, a snap-fit connection, or by any other secure connection method. In some implementations, the contact region <NUM> can overlap with at least a portion of the heater region <NUM>. In some implementations, the cartridge contacts <NUM> can extend into the heater region <NUM> to contact a portion of the heating element <NUM>.

The cartridge contacts <NUM> can provide an electrical connection between the power supply <NUM>, such as the battery, and the contact portions <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>, for example, via the receptacle contacts <NUM> of the vaporizer body <NUM>. The electrical connection between the power supply <NUM> and the contact portions <NUM> of the heating element <NUM> can allow at least the vaporization portion <NUM> to be heated, as described in more detail herein.

<FIG> illustrates a perspective view of the heating element <NUM>. According to some implementations, the heating element <NUM> can be formed as a pair of connected and opposing plates or rigid portions. The heater element <NUM> includes a first plate portion <NUM> and a second plate portion <NUM>. The first plate portion <NUM> and/or the second plate portion <NUM> can include a respective contact portion <NUM> (which can electrically connect or otherwise communicate with, for example, a respective one of the cartridge contacts <NUM>), a vaporization portion <NUM> comprised of opposing tines 123A, 123B (e.g., metal tines), an upper connector <NUM>, upper heating element supports <NUM>, and lower heating element supports <NUM>.

The first plate portion <NUM> and/or the second plate portion <NUM> can include the vaporization portion <NUM>. The vaporization portion <NUM> can have an approximate sinusoidal shape (or cross-sectional shape). In some implementations, the vaporization portion <NUM> can have an approximate rectangular, oval, or other shape (or cross-sectional shape). The vaporization portion <NUM> can be shaped to have one or more gaps within the vaporization portion to allow for vaporizable material to be vented from the capillary gap to the air path <NUM>. For example, the gaps can be surrounded by edges of adjacent sections of the vaporization portion <NUM> to allow the vaporizable material to be vented from the capillary gap to the air path <NUM>.

The first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM> can be integrally formed. For example, the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> can be formed by a single plate that is folded along a central lateral axis of the plate. <FIG> illustrates a perspective view of the atomizer component <NUM>, with an example of the first plate portion <NUM> highlighted. In other implementations, the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> can be separately formed and coupled at connector <NUM>. In yet other embodiments, the first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> can remain separated after formation, but electrically connected in another manner.

<FIG> illustrates a top cross-sectional view of the heating element <NUM> consistent with certain implementations. As shown in <FIG>, the first plate portion <NUM> can have an upper vaporization portion 122A and the second plate portion <NUM> can have a lower vaporization portion 122B. A distance between the upper and lower vaporization portions 122A and 122B can be adjusted depending on the desired capillary forces for drawing vaporizable material into and/or retaining vaporizable material within the span <NUM> between the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In some implementations, a size of the span <NUM> (e.g., the capillary gap) can be constant from a fluid region <NUM> (shown in <FIG>) all the way through a heater region <NUM> (shown in <FIG>). Additionally and/or alternatively, the size of the span <NUM> can be varied along the fluid path <NUM>. For example, the size of the span <NUM> can narrow as fluid is drawn from the proximal fluid region <NUM> to the distal heater region <NUM>, thereby creating greater capillary pressure differential along the fluid path <NUM>.

Referring to <FIG>, the upper vaporization portion 122A can have gaps 152A formed between adj acent heater tines 123A of the upper vaporization portion 122A. The lower vaporization portion 122B can have gaps 152B formed between adjacent heater tines 123B of the lower vaporization portion 122B. The upper and lower vaporization portions 122A, 122B can be sized and offset in such a way that the upper and lower heater tines 123A and 123B at least partially overlap one another in a lower-upper direction. In this configuration, the upper gaps 152A may be generally opposing respective lower heater tines 123B. The lower gaps 152B may generally oppose respective upper heater tines 123A, such as in a lateral direction. Such implementations can desirably allow for the vaporizable material <NUM> to be held within the span <NUM> across at least a length of the heating element <NUM> (e.g., a substantial portion), such as across the entire cross-section of the heating element <NUM>, between the first and second plate portions <NUM> and <NUM>. As shown in the example heating element <NUM> of <FIG>, the cross-section of the vaporizable material held within the capillary gap between these opposed and offset heater tines 123A, 123B can have an approximately sinusoidal shape, due at least in part to surface tension of the fluid from tine to tine. This cross-sectional shape of capillaried vaporizable material can be desirable to limit air gaps positioned within the capillary gap and/or to maximize the amount of vaporizable material that can be held within the capillary gap. The offset gaps 152A and 152B allow vaporizable material being heated below (e.g., between first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>) and to the sides of each gap 152A to efficiently vaporize and be entrained within the air path <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates a cross-sectional view of a vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in which the heating element <NUM> is incorporated consistent with implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in <FIG>, the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> includes a fluid region <NUM>, a heater region <NUM>, and a contact region <NUM>. The fluid region <NUM> illustrates at least a portion of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> in contact with the vaporizable material. In some implementations, at least a portion of the heating element <NUM> is in fluid communication with the vaporizable material in at least one region of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>.

<FIG> illustrates a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. <FIG> shows the fluid region <NUM> highlighted. The fluid region <NUM> can include the reservoir <NUM>, and at least a proximal portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM> (in particular, in one embodiment, an exposed volume between first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>), such that fluid vaporizable material can enter the gap between first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> and be wicked or otherwise be drawn towards the heater region <NUM>, between the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>, by capillary action.

<FIG> illustrates the same side cross-sectional view of the exemplary vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, in which the heater region <NUM> is highlighted. Here, the heater region <NUM> includes at least a distal portion 193B of the heating element <NUM> (in particular, in one embodiment, an exposed volume between first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> of the vaporization portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>), such that the fluid vaporizable material can vaporize from the gap between first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. The vaporization portion <NUM> can be at least partially surrounded by air (e.g., see <FIG>, <FIG>), to facilitate the vaporization of the vaporizable material that has been wicked and/or otherwise drawn from the fluid region <NUM> to the heater region <NUM>. An example of the portion of the heater region <NUM> that is filled with at least air is highlighted in <FIG>.

Referring to <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, an air path <NUM> is shown. Air may be drawn in from at least one side of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, such as through the air inlet <NUM>. The air inlet <NUM> can be aligned with the atomizer chamber inlet <NUM> (see <FIG>). The alignment between the inlets <NUM>, <NUM> can allow the air to be drawn directly from the environment or portion of the vaporizer body <NUM> into the atomizer chamber <NUM>. In alternative implementations, the air inlet <NUM> and the atomization chamber inlet <NUM> can be offset. Offsetting the inlets <NUM>, <NUM> can be used to control airflow rates by, for example, increasing or decreasing the amount of air that is allowed to enter the atomization chamber and/or increasing the length of the airflow path <NUM>, thereby changing the rate that air enters the atomization chamber <NUM>.

The air path <NUM> can extend through the air inlet <NUM> and the atomizer chamber inlet <NUM>, and be pulled alongside, adjacent to, and/or around at least a portion of the heating element <NUM>, such as the vaporization portion <NUM>. In some implementations, air can be drawn from a bottom or a base of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. The air path <NUM> through the vaporizer cartridge <NUM> can then pass alongside, adjacent to, and/or around the reservoir <NUM> in a passageway <NUM>. The passageway <NUM> can extend between an outer sidewall of the reservoir <NUM> and an inner sidewall of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, leading to the mouthpiece <NUM>.

As shown in <FIG>, a proximal portion 193A of the heating element <NUM> is in fluid communication with the reservoir <NUM>, in effect putting a proximal portion <NUM> of the capillary gap in fluid communication with the reservoir <NUM>. An opposite distal end portion <NUM> of the capillary gap is in the heater region <NUM>, exposed to air, allowing external surfaces of the first and/or second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> to be exposed to the air path <NUM> and allowing vaporizable material drawn by capillary action from the reservoir <NUM> to be heated by the tines 123A, 123B of the heating element <NUM> and vaporized into the air path <NUM>.

When a user puffs on the mouthpiece <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, air flows into the inlets <NUM>, <NUM>, and along the air path <NUM>. In association with the user puff, the heating element <NUM> may be activated, e.g., by automatic detection of the puff via a pressure sensor, by detection of a pushing of a button by the user, by signals generated from a motion sensor, a flow sensor, a capacitive lip sensor, or other approach capable of detecting that a user is taking or about to be taking a puff or otherwise inhaling to cause air to enter the vaporizer device <NUM> and travel at last along the air path <NUM>. Power can be supplied from the vaporizer device to the heating element <NUM> at the contact portions <NUM>, via the cartridge contacts <NUM> for example, when the heating element <NUM> is activated.

When the heating element <NUM> is activated, a temperature increase results due to current flowing through the heating element <NUM> to generate heat. The heat is transferred to some amount of the vaporizable material through conductive, convective, and/or radiative heat transfer such that at least a portion of the vaporizable material vaporizes. The heat transfer can occur to vaporizable material in the reservoir and/or to vaporizable material drawn into the capillary gap between the first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. The heat transfer between the heating element <NUM> and the vaporizable material residing within capillary gap can occur at the vaporization portion <NUM>. In some implementations, the vaporizable material can vaporize along one or more edges surrounding the gaps 152A, <NUM> B formed by the opposed and offset heater tines 123A, 123B in the vaporization portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>. The air passing into the vaporizer device <NUM> flows along the air path <NUM> through the atomizer chamber <NUM>, stripping away the vaporized vaporizable material from the heating element <NUM>. The vaporized vaporizable material can be condensed due to cooling, pressure changes, etc., such that it exits the mouthpiece <NUM> as an aerosol for inhalation by a user.

The heating element <NUM> may be made of various materials, such as nichrome, stainless steel, or other resistive heater materials. Combinations of two or more materials may be included in the heating element <NUM>, and such combinations can include both homogeneous distributions of the two or more materials throughout the heating element or other configurations in which relative amounts of the two or more materials are spatially heterogeneous. For example, the heater tines 123A, 123B may have portions that are more resistive than other portions and thereby be designed to grow hotter than the other sections of the tines, for example, other sections of the tines immersed in the vaporizable material of the fluid region <NUM>. This configuration helps to localize heating of the heating element <NUM> to within the vaporization portion <NUM>.

The heating element <NUM> may be manufactured using one or more electrically conductive layers on or in contact with at least a portion of a surface of the heating element <NUM>. In some examples, the one or more electrically conductive layers may include a trace pattern. In some examples, the trace pattern is cut into the heating element <NUM>. A trace pattern may be configured to achieve a desired and/or controlled electrical resistance, and may or may not be uniform in thickness or extend along the surface of the heating element <NUM>. The trace pattern can desirably allow the heating element <NUM> to be powered by a battery, such as a lithium battery. The trace pattern can desirably allow sufficient ventilation for vaporized vaporizable material to be vented under convection. Such implementations can help to keep local vapor pressure low and/or maintain vaporization at a high rate. Specific shapes, patterns, thickness, etc. of the heating element <NUM> may be advantageous in allowing control of heat delivery and allowing for the liquid from the reservoir <NUM> to be drawn to the heating element <NUM> (e.g., into and/or along the span <NUM>).

The electrically conductive layer may be a plate or other continuous layer that covers or forms the entire surface or a portion of an external or internal surface of the heating element. Such a plate or other continuous layer may include features such as holes, microperforations, etc. for allowing vaporizable material from the reservoir <NUM> to pass through the heating element <NUM>. For example, as shown in <FIG>, the heating element <NUM> may include first and second plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> that comprise perforations <NUM> to allow the vaporizable material to pass therethrough when the heating element <NUM> is heated. The electrically conductive layer may be made from any electrically conductive material, such as, for example, a nickel chromium alloy, stainless steel, nickel, platinum, gold, copper, or aluminum. As mentioned below, in some implementations, a plate including resistive material and traces can be used with another plate having perforations to allow for ventilation. Other combinations may be implemented. Such implementations may have a smaller amount of heater surface area and can reduce complexity.

Referring to <FIG> and <FIG>, the atomizer chamber <NUM> can at least partially surround and/or support the heating element <NUM>. The heating element <NUM> can be supported by the atomizer chamber <NUM> by at least the upper heating element supports <NUM> and/or lower heating element supports <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>. The upper heating element supports <NUM> can be spaced from the vaporization portion <NUM> by an upper spacer portion <NUM> and the lower heating element supports <NUM> can be spaced from the vaporization portion <NUM> by a lower spacer portion <NUM>. The upper and lower spacer portions <NUM>, <NUM> can reduce the amount of heat at the upper and lower heating element supports <NUM>, <NUM>, respectively. Such implementations can help to limit heat transferred from the heating element <NUM> to the atomizer chamber <NUM> and/or can help to limit deformation of the atomizer chamber <NUM>.

Generally, some amount of conduction of heat into the liquid contained in the reservoir <NUM> may improve wicking and allow increased vaporization performance. Conduction can be more effectively controlled by affecting thermal gaps between the vaporization portion <NUM> and the reservoir <NUM>. The upper spacer portion <NUM> can provide a thermal gap by increasing a distance between at least some of the heater region <NUM> (such as the vaporization portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>) and the reservoir <NUM>. In some implementations, the traces of the heating element <NUM> can include a necked region to increase the distance between the heater region <NUM> and the reservoir <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, each tine 123A, 123B can have a proximal spacer portion <NUM> with a length that is greater than a length of its respective distal spacer portion <NUM>. The greater length of the upper spacer portion <NUM> defines a thermal gap between the reservoir <NUM> and the heater region <NUM>. The shorter length of the lower spacer portion <NUM> can reduce the bulkiness of the heating element <NUM> and/or can allow for additional components to be positioned within the atomizer chamber <NUM>.

The heating element housing <NUM> of the atomizer chamber <NUM> can surround at least a portion of the heating element <NUM>. The heating element housing <NUM> can include any of plastic, ceramic, metal, and/or other materials.

<FIG> illustrates a perspective cross-sectional view of a section of a cartridge in which at least a portion of the heating element <NUM> is incorporated consistent with implementations of the current subject matter. As shown in <FIG>, the heating element housing <NUM> can support the heating element <NUM>. For example, the heating element housing can include a plurality of lower and upper support protrusions and recesses, designed to accept and support the upper and lower heating element supports <NUM>, <NUM> of heating element <NUM>. For example, a lower protrusion 150A can be positioned within an upper recess 150B formed between adjacent upper protrusions 150C. Similarly, in some implementations, an upper protrusion 150C can be positioned within a lower recess 150D formed between adjacent lower protrusions 150A. The plurality of protrusions and recesses <NUM> can support at least the upper and lower heating element supports <NUM>, <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>. As shown in at least <FIG>, the end portions of the upper and lower heating element supports <NUM>, <NUM> are positioned between a corresponding upper recess and lower protrusion or lower recess and upper protrusion.

<FIG> illustrate another embodiment of the heating element <NUM> including a second plate portion <NUM> and a first plate portion <NUM> having a plurality of upwardly extending members <NUM> defining capillary channels <NUM> therebetween. The capillary channels <NUM> may include the same or similar features to the span <NUM> (e.g., capillary gap) described above.

As shown in <FIG>, the heating element <NUM> can include a proximal end portion <NUM> and a distal end portion <NUM>. The proximal end portion <NUM> can be in fluid communication with the reservoir <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>.

The second plate portion <NUM> can include a heater, such as a heater 720A, positioned on a lower end portion of the second plate portion <NUM> and/or along at least a portion of an outer surface of the second plate portion <NUM>. In some implementations, the second plate portion <NUM> can be otherwise heated to define a heater region.

The first plate portion <NUM> and the second plate portion <NUM> can be integrally formed. The first plate portion <NUM> can include a plurality of upwardly extending members <NUM>. The upwardly extending members <NUM> can be spaced apart to define the plurality of channels <NUM> that extend between adjacent upwardly extending members <NUM>. The channels <NUM> can define a plurality of capillary gaps formed between adjacent upwardly extending members <NUM>. The capillary gaps can allow fluid, such as the vaporizable material, to be held between and/or drawn into the space between adjacent upwardly extending members <NUM> in various orientations. The vaporizable material may be drawn from the reservoir <NUM> to a heater region of the heating element <NUM> via capillary action, for example, via the channels <NUM>. Such configurations can allow for pressure within the cartridge to be controlled.

The upwardly extending members <NUM> can be parallel, forming channels <NUM> having approximately equal widths. In some configurations, the channels <NUM> can have varying widths, in the direction of fluid flow. As discussed above with respect to span <NUM> shown in <FIG>, the channels <NUM> can be desirably narrow to maintain strong and/or sufficient capillary forces to draw and/or otherwise retain the fluid between upwardly extending members <NUM>. For example, the size of the channels <NUM> may control the rate at which the fluid is replenished within the channels <NUM>. In some implementations, the channels <NUM> can be desirably selected and/or sized to limit or prevent the vaporizable material from draining into or out of the channels <NUM> too quickly, and/or secure the vaporizable material within the channels <NUM>. In some implementations, the size of the channels <NUM> can be desirably selected and/or sized to allow the channels <NUM> to hold a sufficient amount of vaporizable material such that the channels <NUM> does not need to be replenished during a puff, and/or can be easily replenished during and/or after a puff.

As shown in <FIG>, the heating element <NUM> can be held in place by a gasket <NUM> or other sealing mechanism. The gasket <NUM> can be integrally and/or separately formed with the heating element <NUM>. The gasket <NUM> can separate the heater region <NUM> from the fluid region <NUM>. The gasket <NUM> can include various materials, such as silicone and/or plastic, among others. In some implementations, the gasket <NUM> has a thin thickness to allow for air return through the channels <NUM>.

When a user puffs on the mouthpiece <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, air flows into the inlets <NUM>, <NUM>, and along the air path <NUM>. In association with the user puff, the heating element <NUM> may be activated, e.g., by automatic detection of the puff via a pressure sensor, by detection of a pushing of a button by the user, by signals generated from a motion sensor, a flow sensor, a capacitive lip sensor, or other approach capable of detecting that a user is taking or about to be taking a puff or otherwise inhaling to cause air to enter the vaporizer device <NUM> and travel at last along the air path <NUM>.

When the heating element <NUM> is activated, a temperature increase results due to current flowing through the heating element <NUM> to generate heat. The heater 120A and/or the heating element <NUM> can be supplied current through leads 714A. The leads 714A can extend to an exterior of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>. In some implementations, the heater 120A and/or the heating element <NUM> may be connected to the power supply directly such that the device may be leadless, or through other means. The heat is transferred to some amount of the vaporizable material through conductive, convective, and/or radiative heat transfer such that at least a portion of the vaporizable material vaporizes. The heat transfer can occur to vaporizable material in the reservoir and/or to vaporizable material drawn into one or more of the capillary channels <NUM> formed between the adjacent upwardly extending members <NUM>. The heat transfer between the heating element <NUM> and the vaporizable material residing within capillary gaps can occur at the heater region. In some implementations, the vaporizable material can vaporize along one or more edges surrounding the channels <NUM> in the heater region of the heating element <NUM>. The air passing into the vaporizer device <NUM> flows along the air path <NUM> through the atomizer chamber <NUM>, stripping away the vaporized vaporizable material from the channels <NUM>. The vaporized vaporizable material can be condensed due to cooling, pressure changes, etc., such that it exits the mouthpiece <NUM> as an aerosol for inhalation by a user. The heating element <NUM> can be made of various materials, including but not limited to, one or more of nichrome, stainless steel, or other resistive heater materials, plastic, and/or a ceramic material and/or other porous materials.

<FIG> illustrates another heating element <NUM> including an inner plate portion <NUM> and an outer plate portion <NUM> that may at least partially surround the inner plate portion <NUM>. The inner and/or outer plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> can include a plurality of perforations <NUM> (see, e.g., <FIG>) and/or resistive traces to heat the vaporizable material to cause the vaporizable material to evaporate, thereby generating an aerosol. In some implementations, the inner and/or outer plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> can include a heater 1220A positioned on a surface, such as an exterior surface to heat the heating element <NUM> (see <FIG>).

The outer plate portion <NUM> can surround the inner plate portion <NUM>. The inner and outer plate portions <NUM>, <NUM> can include a variety of shapes, such as cylindrical (as shown in <FIG>), rectangular, squared, or other shapes. The outer plate portion <NUM> can be positioned parallel to the inner plate portion <NUM> and can be spaced apart from the inner plate portion <NUM> by a span that defines the capillary gap <NUM> (which is the same as or similar to the span <NUM> described herein). For example, in the implementation shown in <FIG>, the outer plate portion <NUM> and the inner plate portion <NUM> can form concentric tubes or cylinders.

When a user puffs on the mouthpiece <NUM> of the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>, air flows into one or more inlets <NUM>, and along the air path <NUM>. In association with the user puff, the heating element <NUM> may be activated, e.g., by automatic detection of the puff via a pressure sensor, by detection of a pushing of a button by the user, by signals generated from a motion sensor, a flow sensor, a capacitive lip sensor, or other approach capable of detecting that a user is taking or about to be taking a puff or otherwise inhaling to cause air to enter the vaporizer device <NUM> and travel at last along the air path <NUM>.

When the heating element <NUM> is activated, a temperature increase results due to current flowing through the heating element <NUM> to generate heat. The heat is transferred to some amount of the vaporizable material through conductive, convective, and/or radiative heat transfer such that at least a portion of the vaporizable material vaporizes. The heat transfer can occur to vaporizable material in the reservoir <NUM> and/or to vaporizable material drawn into the capillary gap <NUM> formed between the inner and outer plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. The heat transfer between the heating element <NUM> and the vaporizable material residing within capillary gaps can occur at the heater region. In some implementations, the vaporizable material can vaporize along one or more perforations <NUM> in the inner and/or outer plate portions <NUM>, <NUM>. The air passing into the vaporizer device <NUM> flows along the air path <NUM> through the atomizer chamber <NUM>, stripping away the vaporized vaporizable material from the heating element <NUM>. As shown in <FIG>, the air path can extend around an exterior of the outer plate portion <NUM> and/or through the inlet <NUM> and through a central channel <NUM> defined by the inner plate portion <NUM>. The vaporized vaporizable material can be condensed due to cooling, pressure changes, etc., such that it exits the mouthpiece <NUM> as an aerosol for inhalation by a user. The heating element <NUM> can be made of various materials, including but not limited to, one or more of nichrome, stainless steel, or other resistive heater materials, plastic, and/or a ceramic material and/or other porous materials.

In some implementations, the heating element <NUM> can include a ceramic material and/or other porous materials, such as high-temperature resistant materials including, for example and not limitation, metals, glass, carbon, and/or high-temperature resistant plastic materials such as, for example and not limitation, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), or polyether ether ketone (PEEK). The porous material may be characterized by having a plurality of voids or spaces, allowing for the absorption of liquid from the reservoir. As described above, the heating element <NUM> can be formed of one, two, or more plates. In some implementations, the plates can include printed heater traces to heat the vaporization portion <NUM> of the heating element <NUM>. Such configurations can be desirable for better manufacturability and/or heat stability, among other advantages. In some implementations, at least one of the plates having printed heater traces can include at least one perforation to allow vapor to vent. In some implementations, the heating element <NUM> can include one or more plates having perforations and one or more plates having printed heater traces.

In certain implementations of the heating element <NUM> having printed heater traces, traces can be more easily positioned in parallel, for example, along a surface of the heater element <NUM>. Such implementations of the heating element <NUM> can have a higher resistivity. Such implementations can more efficiently distribute power across the heater element <NUM> and/or reduce temperature differential across the heating element <NUM>.

In certain implementations of the heating element <NUM> having printed heater traces, the heater traces and/or the structure of the heating element <NUM> may not be identical. Such implementations can allow ventilation slits to be supported at both ends of the heating element and/or provide greater stiffness to the heating element. This may simplify the surrounding mechanical complexity of the atomizer chamber <NUM> and/or the vaporizer cartridge <NUM>.

In certain implementations of the heating element <NUM> having printed heater traces, the heating element <NUM> can have a low thermal conductivity, which can in some instances allow for more efficient power consumption.

In certain implementations of the heating element <NUM> having printed heater traces, the heating element <NUM> can have a greater area along a surface of the heating element that is unused. Such implementations can allow for the heating element <NUM> to have smaller dimensions. Such implementations can allow for additional electronic components to be positioned on the heating element <NUM>.

An atomizer chamber consistent with implementations of the current subject matter has increased liquid-carrying capacity while also being thermally stable and having sufficient structural integrity for its use in vaporizer devices.

Moreover, the use of electrically conductive materials for the heating element (e.g., in the form of a trace pattern) allows for controlling a temperature of the heating element using a thermal coefficient of resistance (TCR) based correlation. Different electrically conductive materials (e.g., nickel) can be chosen and utilized to achieve a more stable TCR, resulting in precise temperature sensing/controlling.

An atomizer component consistent with implementations of the current subject matter may have an orientation other than that shown in the exemplary illustrations of <FIG>.

Although the examples described herein with respect to <FIG> are directed to a vaporizer that utilizes a removable cartridge, an atomizer chamber consistent with implementations of the current subject matter is not limited to such a device configuration. For example, an atomizer chamber may be incorporated as part of a vaporizer body <NUM> that includes a reservoir in which the atomizer and the heating element are included or in contact with.

With reference to <FIG>, a process flow chart <NUM> illustrates features of a method, which may optionally include some or all of the following. At block <NUM>, a heating element having two or more rigid portions separated by a span defining a capillary gap may be provided. At <NUM>, fluid communication between a first end portion of the capillary gap and a reservoir of vaporizable material may be caused. At <NUM>, the vaporizable material may be drawn into the capillary gap formed between the two rigid portions of the heating element via capillary action. At <NUM>, a heating means may be provided at a second end portion of the capillary gap. For example, at <NUM>, at least a portion of the heating element may be heated, such as at the second end portion of the capillary gap. The heating causes vaporization of the vaporizable material At block <NUM>, the vaporized vaporizable material is entrained in a flow of air to a mouthpiece of the vaporizer device in which the heating element is positioned.

Terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and implementations only and is not intended to be limiting.

Spatially relative terms, such as "upper", "lower", "under", "below", "lower", "over", "upper" and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures.

Although various illustrative embodiments are described above, any of a number of changes may be made to various embodiments without departing from the teachings herein as long as the resulting embodiments are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the foregoing description is provided primarily for exemplary purposes and should not be interpreted to limit the scope of the claims.

Claim 1:
A cartridge (<NUM>) for a vaporizer device, the cartridge (<NUM>) comprising:
a reservoir (<NUM>) configured to hold a vaporizable material (<NUM>); and
a heating element (<NUM>) configured to heat the vaporizable material (<NUM>), the heating element (<NUM>) comprising:
a capillary structure including a plurality of rigid portions (<NUM>, <NUM>),
wherein pairs of the plurality of rigid portions (<NUM>, <NUM>) are spaced apart from one another to define a capillary gap therebetween, the capillary gap configured to draw the vaporizable material (<NUM>) from the reservoir (<NUM>) to a heater region (<NUM>) of the heating element (<NUM>) to be heated, and an aerosol being generated by the heating of the vaporizable material (<NUM>) drawn to the heater region (<NUM>) of the heating element (<NUM>),
wherein the plurality of rigid portions (<NUM>, <NUM>) of the capillary structure comprises an upper rigid portion (<NUM>); and a lower rigid portion (<NUM>), characterized in that the lower rigid portion (<NUM>) is integrally formed with the upper rigid portion (<NUM>) and spaced apart from the upper rigid portion (<NUM>) by a span (<NUM>) that defines the capillary gap,
and wherein the heating element (<NUM>) forms a single rigid portion that is folded to define the upper rigid portion (<NUM>) and the lower rigid portion (<NUM>).