Patent Description:
Patent Literature (PTL) <NUM> discloses a power generation device. This power generation device includes a start-up unit and a power generation unit. The start-up unit includes an attraction body. The attraction body moves from a start point toward an end point. The power generation unit has a cantilever shape. The power generation unit vibrates and thereby generates electric power.

The attraction body attracts the power generation unit when the attraction body is moving from the start point to the end point. The power generation unit deflects due to the movement of the attraction body toward the end point while the power generation unit is attracted to the attraction body. When the attraction body moves further toward the end point, the attraction body separates from the power generation unit midway through the movement. This separation of the attraction body causes the power generation unit to start vibrating. The document <CIT> discloses a self-powered ship-borne positioning and tracking device, the document <CIT> discloses a self-powered piezoelectric switch, the document <CIT> discloses a new concept of a piezoelectric generator, the document <CIT> discloses a plunger piston type piezoelectric valve based on multi-vibrator tandem drive.

PTL <NUM>: International Publication No. <CIT>.

The present invention is directed to an input device according to independent device claim <NUM> and to a power generating device according to independent device claim <NUM>.

Hereinafter, power generation devices and input devices according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the attached drawings. Note that each of the following exemplary embodiments is merely a part of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Various changes can be made to each of the following exemplary embodiments according to the design or the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. Furthermore, each figure described in the following exemplary embodiments is a schematic diagram, meaning that the ratio between the sizes of structural elements in each figure and the ratio between the thicknesses of structural elements in each figure do not necessarily reflect an actual dimension ratio.

As illustrated in <FIG>, power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment includes first piezoelectric vibrating power generation element <NUM> (which may also be hereinafter simply referred to as "first element <NUM>"); second piezoelectric vibrating power generation element <NUM> (which may also be hereinafter simply referred to as "second element <NUM>"); and movable element <NUM>.

First element <NUM> generates first electric power by vibration, and second element <NUM> generates second electric power by vibration. In other words, first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> separately generate electric power by vibration. Each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> is in the form of a cantilever having a fixed end and a free end.

Movable element <NUM> is formed of a magnetic material. Movable element <NUM> herein includes permanent magnet <NUM>. Movable element <NUM> attracts each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> by a magnetic force.

Movable element <NUM> can move between the first position and the second position.

Here, the first position of movable element <NUM> is the position of movable element <NUM> in contact with first element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). In the first position, movable element <NUM> is in contact with the first end (free end) of first element <NUM>. The second position of movable element <NUM> is the position of movable element <NUM> in contact with second element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). In the second position, movable element <NUM> is in contact with the first end (free end) of second element <NUM>.

When movable element <NUM> in the first position (refer to <FIG>) moves toward the second position, first element <NUM> is curved with the first end (free end) attracted to movable element <NUM> by the magnetic force (refer to <FIG>). Subsequently, when movable element <NUM> moves further toward the second position and separates from first element <NUM>, first element <NUM> starts vibrating (refer to <FIG>). In other words, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, movable element <NUM> causes one of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> (in this example, first element <NUM>) to start vibrating. First element <NUM> vibrates and thereby generates electric power.

When movable element <NUM> in the second position (refer to <FIG>) moves toward the first position, second element <NUM> is curved with the first end (free end) attracted to movable element <NUM> by the magnetic force (refer to <FIG>). Subsequently, when movable element <NUM> moves further toward the first position and separates from second element <NUM>, second element <NUM> starts vibrating (refer to <FIG>). In other words, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the second position to the first position, movable element <NUM> causes one of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> (in this example, second element <NUM>) to start vibrating. Second element <NUM> vibrates and thereby generates electric power.

In power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment, both when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position and when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position, electric power can be generated. Thus, with power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment, it is possible to improve power generation efficiency.

Power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to <FIG>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, power generation device <NUM> includes support body <NUM>, push button <NUM>, return portion <NUM>, stopper <NUM>, and housing <NUM> in addition to first element <NUM>, second element <NUM>, and movable element <NUM>.

As mentioned earlier, movable element <NUM> can move between the first position and the second position. Here, movable element <NUM> can move between the first position and the second position along one line. In the following description, a direction in which movable element <NUM> can move (the vertical direction in <FIG>) will also be referred to as the "vertical direction". An orientation in which movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position (the downward direction in <FIG>) will also be referred to as "down", and an orientation in which movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position (the upward direction in <FIG>) will also be referred to as "up". Note that in the present disclosure, although description is made using terms indicating directions such as "up", "down", "right", "left", "above", and "below", these merely indicate relative positioning and do not limit the present disclosure.

Each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> is elongated and extends in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction. The direction of extension of each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> (the horizontal direction in <FIG>) will also be referred to as the "horizontal direction" in the following description. Furthermore, each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> is supported on support body <NUM>, at one end of the element in the direction of extension thereof. In the following description, an area on the side on which one end (the left end in <FIG>) of each of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> supported on support body <NUM> is located will also be referred to as "left", and an area on the opposite side will also be referred to as "right".

Furthermore, in the following direction, a direction orthogonal to both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction (a direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet of <FIG>) will also be referred to as the "depth direction", the front of the drawing sheet of <FIG> will also be referred to as "front", and the back of the drawing sheet of <FIG> will also be referred to as "back".

Note that directions such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", and "right" in the present disclosure are defined for the sake of explanation and do not limit, for example, the directions of power generation device <NUM> when in use.

As illustrated in <FIG>, housing <NUM> is in the shape of a rectangular box having left wall <NUM>, right wall <NUM>, upper wall <NUM>, lower wall <NUM>, a front wall, and a back wall. Housing <NUM> is formed of a non-magnetic material such as resin. Housing <NUM> includes internal space <NUM>. Internal space <NUM> herein is enclosed except for hole <NUM> formed in upper wall <NUM>. However, this is not limiting; internal space <NUM> of housing <NUM> may be connected to the space external to housing <NUM> through a hole or the like formed in a wall of housing <NUM>.

First element <NUM>, second element <NUM>, movable element <NUM>, a portion (lower portion) of push button <NUM>, return portion <NUM>, and stopper <NUM> are housed in internal space of housing <NUM>. Support body <NUM> is embedded in left wall <NUM> of housing <NUM> and thus held on housing <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, first element <NUM> includes support portion (first support portion) <NUM> and vibration portion (first vibration portion) <NUM>.

Support portion <NUM> is a portion of first element <NUM> that is supported on support body <NUM>. Support portion <NUM> is the left-hand portion of first element <NUM>. Support portion <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material. Support portion <NUM> herein is made of magnetic stainless steel (SUS).

Vibration portion <NUM> is elongated horizontally. Vibration portion <NUM> extends rightward from the right end of support portion <NUM>. Vibration portion <NUM> is supported on support portion <NUM> in such a manner as to be able to vibrate (swing). One longitudinal end (the left end) of vibration portion <NUM> is a fixed end that is fixed to support portion <NUM>, and the other longitudinal end (the right end) of vibration portion <NUM> is a free end. In other words, first element <NUM> has a cantilever structure.

Vibration portion <NUM> includes beam (first beam) <NUM>, power generator (first power generator) <NUM>, and weight (first weight) <NUM>.

Beam <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material. Beam <NUM> herein is made of magnetic stainless steel (SUS). Beam <NUM> is integrally formed with support portion <NUM>.

Beam <NUM> is in the form of a horizontally elongated rectangular board. The thickness axis of beam <NUM> extends vertically. Beam <NUM> has first surface <NUM> in one direction (on the upper side) and second surface <NUM> in the other direction (on the lower side) along the thickness of beam <NUM>.

Beam <NUM> is flexible. Beam <NUM> is capable of vibrating vertically with the portion (fixed end) supported on support portion <NUM> as a fulcrum.

Power generator (first power generator) <NUM> generates electric power according to the vibration of beam <NUM>. Power generator <NUM> includes first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and second piezoelectric converter <NUM>. First piezoelectric converter <NUM> is provided on first surface (upper surface) <NUM> of beam <NUM>. Second piezoelectric converter <NUM> is provided on second surface (lower surface) <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

First piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> stacked on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>; piezoelectric body <NUM> stacked on first electrode <NUM>; and second electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> stacked on piezoelectric body <NUM>. In other words, first piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes a stacked structure of first electrode <NUM>, piezoelectric body <NUM>, and second electrode <NUM> disposed on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

The material of first electrode <NUM> and the material of second electrode <NUM> are Pt, for example. However, this is not limiting; the material of first electrode <NUM> and the material of second electrode <NUM> may be Au, Al, Ir, or the like, for example. The material of first electrode <NUM> and the material of second electrode <NUM> may be the same or different.

Piezoelectric body <NUM> herein is piezoelectric ceramics. The material of piezoelectric body <NUM> is PZT (Pb(Zr, Ti)O<NUM>), for example. However, this is not limiting; the material of piezoelectric body <NUM> may be PZT-PMN(Pb(Mn, Nb)O<NUM>), PZT with impurities added thereto, or the like, for example. Furthermore, the material of piezoelectric body <NUM> may be AlN, ZnO, KNN(K<NUM>Na<NUM>NbO<NUM>), KN(KNbO<NUM>), NN(NaNbO<NUM>), KNN with impurities added thereto, or the like. Examples of the impurities include Li, Nb, Ta, Sb, and Cu.

Second piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> stacked on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>; piezoelectric body <NUM> stacked on first electrode <NUM>; and second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> stacked on piezoelectric body <NUM>. In other words, second piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes a stacked structure of first electrode <NUM>, piezoelectric body <NUM>, and second electrode <NUM> disposed on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

As the materials of first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM>, the materials cited as examples of the material of first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM> can be used, for example. As the material of piezoelectric body <NUM>, the materials cited as examples of the material of piezoelectric body <NUM> can be used.

In first element <NUM>, when vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, piezoelectric body <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> receives stress. Thus, in first element <NUM>, electric charge in first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> becomes uneven, and an alternating voltage is generated in first piezoelectric converter <NUM>. Furthermore, in first element <NUM>, when vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, piezoelectric body <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM> receives stress. Thus, in first element <NUM>, electric charge in first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM> becomes uneven, and an alternating voltage is generated in second piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

In other words, first element <NUM> is a vibrating power generation element that generates electric power using the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material.

Weight <NUM> is provided on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>. Weight <NUM> is provided in order to adjust the resonance frequency of vibration portion <NUM>. The material of weight <NUM> is not particularly limited and may be metal or non-metal. Weight <NUM> can be omitted.

The alternating voltage generated in first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and the alternating voltage generated in second piezoelectric converter <NUM> are alternating voltages in the form of sine waves corresponding to the vibration of piezoelectric bodies <NUM>, <NUM>. The resonance frequency of vibration portion <NUM> depends on the structure parameter and the material of each of beam <NUM>, power generator <NUM>, and weight <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, second element <NUM> includes support portion (second support portion) <NUM> and vibration portion (second vibration portion) <NUM>. Here, second element <NUM> is shaped as a reflection of first element <NUM>.

Support portion <NUM> is a portion of second element <NUM> that is supported on support body <NUM>. Support portion <NUM> is the left-hand portion of second element <NUM>. Support portion <NUM> is located opposite support portion <NUM> with support body <NUM> disposed therebetween. Support portion <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material. Support portion <NUM> herein is made of magnetic stainless steel (SUS).

Vibration portion <NUM> is elongated horizontally. Vibration portion <NUM> extends rightward from the right end of support portion <NUM>. Vibration portion <NUM> is supported on support portion <NUM> in such a manner as to be able to vibrate (swing). One longitudinal end (the left end) of vibration portion <NUM> is a fixed end that is fixed to support portion <NUM>, and the other longitudinal end (the right end) of vibration portion <NUM> is a free end. In other words, second element <NUM> has a cantilever structure.

Vibration portion <NUM> is disposed so as to face vibration portion <NUM> in the vertical direction. Here, the longitudinal axis of vibration portion <NUM> and the longitudinal axis of vibration portion <NUM> are substantially parallel.

Vibration portion <NUM> includes beam (second beam) <NUM>, power generator (second power generator) <NUM>, and weight (second weight) <NUM>.

Beam <NUM> is flexible. Beam <NUM> is capable of vibrating vertically with the portion (fixed end) supported on support portion <NUM> as a fulcrum. This means that in power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment, a direction in which first element <NUM> vibrates and a direction in which second element <NUM> vibrates are along the same line.

Power generator (second power generator) <NUM> generates electric power according to the vibration of beam <NUM>. Power generator <NUM> includes third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>. Third piezoelectric converter <NUM> is provided on first surface (upper surface) <NUM> of beam <NUM>. Fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> is provided on second surface (lower surface) <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

Third piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> stacked on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>; piezoelectric body <NUM> stacked on first electrode <NUM>; and second electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> stacked on piezoelectric body <NUM>. In other words, third piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes a stacked structure of first electrode <NUM>, piezoelectric body <NUM>, and second electrode <NUM> disposed on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

Four piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> stacked on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>; piezoelectric body <NUM> stacked on first electrode <NUM>; and second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> stacked on piezoelectric body <NUM>. In other words, fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> includes a stacked structure of first electrode <NUM>, piezoelectric body <NUM>, and second electrode <NUM> disposed on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

As the materials of first electrodes <NUM>, <NUM> and the materials of second electrodes <NUM>, <NUM>, the materials cited as examples of the material of first electrode <NUM> and the material of second electrode <NUM> can be used, for example. As the material of piezoelectric bodies <NUM>, <NUM>, the materials cited as examples of the material of piezoelectric body <NUM> can be used.

In second element <NUM>, when vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, piezoelectric body <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> receives stress. Thus, in second element <NUM>, electric charge in first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> becomes uneven, and an alternating voltage is generated in third piezoelectric converter <NUM>. Furthermore, in second element <NUM>, when vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, piezoelectric body <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> receives stress. Thus, in second element <NUM>, electric charge in first electrode <NUM> and second electrode <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> becomes uneven, and an alternating voltage is generated in fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

In other words, second element <NUM> is a vibrating power generation element that generates electric power using the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material, as with first element <NUM>.

Weight <NUM> is provided on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>. Weight <NUM> is provided in order to adjust the resonance frequency of vibration portion <NUM>. The material of weight <NUM> is not particularly limited and may be metal or non-metal. Weight <NUM> can be omitted.

The alternating voltage generated in third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and the alternating voltage generated in fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> are alternating voltages in the form of sine waves corresponding to the vibration of piezoelectric bodies <NUM>, <NUM>. The resonance frequency of vibration portion <NUM> depends on the structure parameter and the material of each of beam <NUM>, power generator <NUM>, and weight <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, support body <NUM> is in the form of a vertically elongated rectangular cuboid. Support body <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron. One end (the upper end) of support body <NUM> along a longitudinal axis thereof is connected to support portion <NUM> of first element <NUM>. The other end (the lower end) of support body <NUM> along the longitudinal axis thereof is connected to support portion <NUM> of second element <NUM>. In other words, support body <NUM> connects one end (the left end) of first element <NUM> and one end (the left end) of second element <NUM>. First element <NUM>, second element <NUM>, and support body <NUM> form a "C" shape as viewed from the front. Here, support portion <NUM> of first element <NUM>, support portion <NUM> of second element <NUM>, and support body <NUM> are integrally formed. However, support portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> and support body <NUM> may be separate, and support portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> and support body <NUM> may be separate. For example, appropriate bonding means such as screwing and welding may be used to bond support portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> and support body <NUM> together and bond support portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> and support body <NUM> together.

Support body <NUM> is held on left wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>. First element <NUM> and second element <NUM> protrude from left wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, movable element <NUM> includes permanent magnet <NUM>, first magnetic body <NUM>, and second magnetic body <NUM>.

Permanent magnet <NUM> includes pole faces (a N-pole face and a S-pole face) on vertically opposite surfaces. Here, the upper surface (first surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> is the N-pole face, and the lower surface (second surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> is the S-pole face.

First magnetic body <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material. First magnetic body <NUM> is provided on the first surface of permanent magnet <NUM>. First magnetic body <NUM> protrudes horizontally (leftward) from above the first surface of permanent magnet <NUM>.

Second magnetic body <NUM> is formed of a soft magnetic material. Second magnetic body <NUM> is provided on the second surface of permanent magnet <NUM>. Second magnetic body <NUM> protrudes horizontally (leftward) from below the second surface of permanent magnet <NUM>.

With permanent magnet <NUM>, first magnetic body <NUM>, and second magnetic body <NUM>, movable element <NUM> is in the form of an inverted "C" shape as viewed from the front (a "C" shape open in the direction opposite to that formed by first element <NUM>, second element <NUM>, and support body <NUM>).

Movable element <NUM> is disposed in internal space <NUM> of housing <NUM>. Movable element <NUM> can move vertically between the first position and the second position. In internal space <NUM>, movable element <NUM> moves along right wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the first position is the position of movable element <NUM> in contact with vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM>. In the first position, movable element <NUM> contacts first element <NUM> by attracting first element <NUM> (more specifically, beam <NUM>) by the magnetic force. In the first position, movable element <NUM> and first element <NUM> are joined together by the magnetic force. Meanwhile, in the first position, movable element <NUM> is separate from second element <NUM>.

Note that the first position of movable element <NUM> is, for example, the position of movable element <NUM> with first magnetic body <NUM> in direct contact with second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM> as illustrated in <FIG>, but this is not limiting. For example, when vibration portion <NUM> includes a magnetic body on second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>, the first position of movable element <NUM> may be the position of movable element <NUM> with first magnetic body <NUM> in direct contact with said magnetic body. Furthermore, for example, when movable element <NUM> does not include first magnetic body <NUM>, the first position of movable element <NUM> may be the position of movable element <NUM> with permanent magnet <NUM> having an upper surface in direct contact with second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, the second position is the position of movable element <NUM> in contact with vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM>. In the second position, movable element <NUM> contacts second element <NUM> by attracting second element <NUM> (more specifically, beam <NUM>) by the magnetic force. In the second position, movable element <NUM> and second element <NUM> are joined together by the magnetic force. Meanwhile, in the second position, movable element <NUM> is separate from first element <NUM>.

Note that the second position of movable element <NUM> is, for example, the position of movable element <NUM> with second magnetic body <NUM> in direct contact with first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM> as illustrated in <FIG>, but this is not limiting. For example, when vibration portion <NUM> includes a magnetic body on first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>, the second position of movable element <NUM> may be the position of movable element <NUM> with second magnetic body <NUM> in direct contact with said magnetic body. Furthermore, for example, when movable element <NUM> does not include second magnetic body <NUM>, the second position of movable element <NUM> may be the position of movable element <NUM> with permanent magnet <NUM> having a lower surface in direct contact with first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>.

Note that a guide rib for restricting vertical movement of movable element <NUM> may be formed on the inner surfaces of the front and back walls of housing <NUM>, for example.

As illustrated in <FIG>, push button <NUM> is disposed on a vertical extension of movable element <NUM>. Push button <NUM> is disposed in hole <NUM> vertically penetrating upper wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>. Push button <NUM> receives a push operation performed by an operator. According to the push operation, push button <NUM> causes movable element <NUM> to move from the first position toward the second position.

As illustrated in <FIG>, push button <NUM> includes operation body <NUM> and flange portion <NUM>.

Operation body <NUM> is in the shape of a vertically elongated cylinder. Operation body <NUM> is disposed so as to extend through hole <NUM>, the upper end of operation body <NUM> protrudes upward from upper wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>, and the lower end of operation body <NUM> faces the upper surface of movable element <NUM> in internal space <NUM> of housing <NUM>. Without push button <NUM> having been operated, the lower end of operation body <NUM> is in contact with the upper surface of movable element <NUM>, but this is not limiting; the lower end of operation body <NUM> may be separate from the upper surface of movable element <NUM>.

When an operator presses the upper end of operation body <NUM>, push button <NUM> moves downward. At this time, the lower end of operation body <NUM> pushes the upper surface of movable element <NUM>, and thus movable element <NUM> moves downward. This means that when an operator presses push button <NUM>, movable element <NUM> moves from the first position toward the second position.

Flange portion <NUM> is formed in the shape of a disc protruding outward in the radius direction of operation body <NUM>, in the middle of the longitudinal length of operation body <NUM>. Flange portion <NUM> is provided on the outer surface of operation body <NUM> so as to be included in internal space <NUM>. With the upper surface contacting the lower surface of upper wall <NUM> of housing <NUM>, flange portion <NUM> prevents push button <NUM> from moving further upward.

Return portion <NUM> provides, to movable element <NUM>, a force acting in the direction from the second direction to the first direction. Return portion <NUM> herein is a coil spring. The coil spring is disposed between lower wall <NUM> of housing <NUM> and the lower surface of movable element3 so that the axis of the coil spring extends vertically.

When push button <NUM> receives the push operation performed by an operator, the coil spring constituting return portion <NUM> is compressed under the press force via movable element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). Subsequently, when the operator takes his or her hand off push button <NUM> to end the push operation, the coil spring pushes movable element <NUM> and push button <NUM> upward by the elastic force of the coil spring, causing movable element <NUM> to move toward the first position.

Stopper <NUM> includes first stopper <NUM> and second stopper <NUM>.

First stopper <NUM> is in the shape of a rod extending in the depth direction. First stopper <NUM> is disposed near the free end of vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> in internal space <NUM> of housing <NUM>. First stopper <NUM> is disposed on the same side as movable element <NUM> as viewed from first element <NUM>; in other words, first stopper <NUM> is disposed below first element <NUM>. First stopper <NUM> is disposed between first element <NUM> and second element <NUM>. When beam <NUM> of first element <NUM> is curved downward, first stopper <NUM> contacts second surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>, preventing beam <NUM> from being curved more (refer to <FIG>).

As illustrated in <FIG>, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position, distance L1 between first stopper <NUM> and first element <NUM> is less than distance L12 between movable element <NUM> and second element <NUM>. Therefore, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, first element <NUM> curved according to the movement of movable element <NUM> contacts first stopper <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts second element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). In other words, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, movable element <NUM> separates from first element <NUM> and then contacts second element <NUM>.

In other words, power generation device <NUM> includes first stopper <NUM>. When movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, first stopper <NUM> causes first element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts second element <NUM>. Here, first stopper <NUM> contacts first element <NUM>, causing first element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM>.

Note that when movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, the magnetic force between movable element <NUM> and second element <NUM> increases, and second element <NUM> may be curved upward. First stopper <NUM> is preferably disposed in such a position as to cause first element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts second element <NUM> even when second element <NUM> is curved by the magnetic force.

Second stopper <NUM> is in the shape of a rod extending in the depth direction. Second stopper <NUM> is disposed near the free end of vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> in internal space <NUM> of housing <NUM>. Second stopper <NUM> is disposed on the same side as movable element <NUM> as viewed from second element <NUM>; in other words, second stopper <NUM> is disposed above second element <NUM>. Second stopper <NUM> is disposed between first element <NUM> and second element <NUM>. When beam <NUM> of second element <NUM> is curved upward, second stopper <NUM> contacts first surface <NUM> of beam <NUM>, preventing beam <NUM> from being curved more.

As illustrated in <FIG>, when movable element <NUM> is in the second position, distance L2 between second stopper <NUM> and second element <NUM> is less than distance L11 between movable element <NUM> and first element <NUM>. Therefore, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the second position to the first position, second element <NUM> curved according to the movement of movable element <NUM> contacts second stopper <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts first element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). In other words, when movable element <NUM> is moving from the second position to the first position, movable element <NUM> separates from second element <NUM> and then contacts first element <NUM>.

In other words, power generation device <NUM> includes second stopper <NUM>. When movable element <NUM> is moving from the second position to the first position, second stopper <NUM> causes second element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts first element <NUM>. Here, second stopper <NUM> contacts second element <NUM>, causing second element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM>.

Note that when movable element <NUM> is moving from the second position to the first position, the magnetic force between movable element <NUM> and first element <NUM> increases, and first element <NUM> may be curved downward. Second stopper <NUM> is preferably disposed in such a position as to cause second element <NUM> to separate from movable element <NUM> before movable element <NUM> contacts first element <NUM> even when first element <NUM> is curved by the magnetic force.

Next, the operation of power generation device <NUM> will be described with reference to <FIG>.

When an operator is not performing the push operation on push button <NUM>, movable element <NUM> is located at the first position under the upward force provided by return portion <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). At this time, the free end of vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> is attracted and attached to the upper surface of movable element <NUM> (the upper surface of first magnetic body <NUM>) by the magnetic force (force of attraction) between the free end and movable element <NUM>. Second element <NUM> is subject to the magnetic force (force of attraction) between second element <NUM> and movable element <NUM>, but stays stationary away from the lower surface of movable element <NUM> by balancing with, for example, stress on beam <NUM>.

When an operator performs the push operation on push button <NUM>, operation body <NUM> of push button <NUM> moves downward. Movable element <NUM> is pushed by operation body <NUM> and thus moves downward while compressing the coil spring constituting return portion <NUM>. At this time, the free end of vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> attracted and attached to movable element <NUM> moves downward together with movable element <NUM>, and beam <NUM> is curved.

When movable element <NUM> moves downward until lower surface <NUM> of beam <NUM> contacts first stopper <NUM> (refer to <FIG>), first stopper <NUM> prevents the free end of vibration portion <NUM> from moving further downward. When the force (downward force) pushing push button <NUM> exceeds a force required to cancel magnetic attraction between movable element <NUM> and first element <NUM>, movable element <NUM> separates from first element <NUM> and moves further downward. When vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> separates from movable element <NUM>, vibration portion <NUM> of first element <NUM> starts vibrating with an amplitude corresponding to the extent of the curve of beam <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). When vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, power generator <NUM> generates electric power.

When push button <NUM> is pressed more, movable element <NUM> moves further downward, and when movable element <NUM> reaches the second position, the free end of vibration portion <NUM> is attracted and attached to the lower surface of movable element <NUM> (the lower surface of second magnetic body <NUM>) by the magnetic force between vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> and movable element <NUM> (refer to <FIG>).

When the operator takes his or her hand off push button <NUM> and ends the push operation, movable element <NUM> moves upward under the spring force of the coil spring constituting return portion <NUM>. At this time, the free end of vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> attracted and attached to movable element <NUM> moves upward together with movable element <NUM>, and beam <NUM> is curved.

When movable element <NUM> moves upward until upper surface <NUM> of beam <NUM> contacts second stopper <NUM> (refer to <FIG>), second stopper <NUM> prevents the free end of vibration portion <NUM> from moving further upward. Movable element <NUM> separates from second element <NUM> by the spring force from return portion <NUM> and moves further upward. When vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> separates from movable element <NUM>, vibration portion <NUM> of second element <NUM> starts vibrating with an amplitude corresponding to the extent of the curve of beam <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). When vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, power generator <NUM> generates electric power.

After separating from second element <NUM>, movable element <NUM> and push button <NUM> move further upward by the spring force from return portion <NUM>. Subsequently, movable element <NUM> and push button <NUM> stop in positions where flange portion <NUM> of push button <NUM> contacts the lower surface of upper wall <NUM> of housing <NUM> (the first position of movable element <NUM>). At this time, the upper surface of movable element <NUM> is attracted and attached to first element <NUM>.

In this manner, with power generation device <NUM>, when an operator performs the push operation on push button <NUM>, first element <NUM> generates electric power. Furthermore, in power generation device <NUM>, when the operator ends the push operation on push button <NUM> (when the operator takes his or hand off push button <NUM>), second element <NUM> generates electric power. This means that in power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment, both when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position and when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position, electric power can be generated. Thus, with power generation device <NUM> according to the present exemplary embodiment, it is possible to improve power generation efficiency.

Next, input device <NUM> including power generation device <NUM> will be described with reference to <FIG>.

As illustrated in <FIG>, input device <NUM> includes control circuit <NUM>. Control circuit <NUM> operates using the electric power generated at power generation device <NUM> and performs a predetermined function. Control circuit <NUM> includes a radio communication circuit, for example. Control circuit <NUM> operates using the electric power generated by power generation device <NUM> when push button <NUM> is pressed, and performs a function of transmitting, to an external unit, a communication signal indicating that push button <NUM> has been pressed. It goes without saying that the functions of control circuit are not limited to this function. Control circuit <NUM> may perform a function of turning on a light source provided on input device <NUM>, may perform a function of causing a sound production device provided on input device <NUM> to produce sound, and may perform a function of operating a sensor provided on input device <NUM>, for example.

Input device <NUM> includes first rectifier circuit <NUM>, second rectifier circuit <NUM>, voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM>, power storage element <NUM>, first rectifier <NUM>, and second rectifier <NUM> in addition to power generation device <NUM> and control circuit <NUM>.

First rectifier circuit <NUM> adjusts the electric current supplied from first power generator <NUM> of first element <NUM> so that the electric current flows in one direction. First rectifier circuit <NUM> is a what is called a diode bridge in which four didoes are connected in series-parallel.

One input terminal among two input terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to second electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM>. The other input terminal among the two input terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

First rectifier circuit <NUM> converts, into a pulsating current, the electric current in the form of sine waves generated at power generator <NUM>.

Note that the direction of polarization of piezoelectric body <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and the direction of polarization of piezoelectric body <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM> are set so that the electrodes connected to the same input terminal among the two input terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM> have the same polarity.

Power storage element (capacitor) <NUM> is connected between two output terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM>. A diode as first rectifier <NUM> is disposed between power storage element <NUM> and one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) among the two output terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM>. Furthermore, one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) among the two output terminals of first rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first input terminal <NUM> of determination circuit <NUM>.

Second rectifier circuit <NUM> adjusts the electric current supplied from second power generator <NUM> of second element <NUM> so that the electric current flows in one direction. Second rectifier circuit <NUM> is a what is called a diode bridge in which four didoes are connected in series-parallel.

One input terminal among two input terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>. The other input terminal among the two input terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

Second rectifier circuit <NUM> converts, into a pulsating current, the electric current in the form of sine waves generated at power generator <NUM>.

Note that the direction of polarization of piezoelectric body <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and the direction of polarization of piezoelectric body <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> are set so that the electrodes connected to the same input terminal among the two input terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM> have the same polarity.

Power storage element <NUM> is connected between two output terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM>. A diode as second rectifier <NUM> is disposed between power storage element <NUM> and one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) among the two output terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM>. Furthermore, one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) among the two output terminals of second rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to second input terminal <NUM> of determination circuit <NUM>.

As described above, first rectifier <NUM> is disposed between power storage element <NUM> and one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) of first rectifier circuit <NUM>. Second rectifier <NUM> is disposed between power storage element <NUM> and one output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) of second rectifier circuit <NUM>. First rectifier <NUM> prevents the electric current flowing from second rectifier circuit <NUM> from flowing into first rectifier circuit <NUM>. Second rectifier <NUM> prevents the electric current flowing from first rectifier circuit <NUM> from flowing into second rectifier circuit <NUM>.

Both ends of power storage element <NUM> are connected to voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is connected to control circuit <NUM>.

Voltage conversion circuit <NUM> generates an operating voltage for control circuit <NUM> from electric charge stored in power storage element <NUM>. Voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is a DC/DC converter, for example. However, this is not limiting; voltage conversion circuit <NUM> may be a three-terminal regulator, for example. This means that voltage conversion circuit <NUM> generates the operating voltage using the electric power generated at first element <NUM> and the electric power generated at second element <NUM>, and supplies the generated operating voltage to control circuit <NUM>.

Control circuit <NUM> operates at the operating voltage supplied from voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and performs a desired function. Control circuit <NUM> includes a computer system including one or more processors (microprocessors) and one or more memories, for example. Specifically, control circuit <NUM> performs a function by one or more processors performing one or more programs (applications) stored in one or more memories. The programs herein have been recorded on the memories of control circuit <NUM> in advance, but the programs may be provided through electric communication lines such as the Internet or may be recorded on non-transitory recording media such as memory cards to be provided.

When power generation device <NUM> generates electric power, determination circuit <NUM> determines which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> has generated the electric power. Determination circuit <NUM> includes a comparator, for example. Determination circuit <NUM> includes first input terminal <NUM> and second input terminal <NUM>, for example. First input terminal <NUM> is connected to the output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) of first rectifier circuit <NUM>. Second input terminal <NUM> is connected to the output terminal (higher-potential output terminal) of second rectifier circuit <NUM>. Determination circuit <NUM> performs the aforementioned determination by comparing the value of a voltage at first input terminal <NUM> and the value of a voltage at second input terminal <NUM>, for example. When the voltage at first input terminal <NUM> is greater than the voltage at second input terminal <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM> determines that first element <NUM> has generated the electric power. When the voltage at second input terminal <NUM> is greater than the voltage at first input terminal <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM> determines that second element <NUM> has generated the electric power. Determination circuit <NUM> reports the determination result to control circuit <NUM>.

As already described, first element <NUM> generates electric power when push button <NUM> is pressed. Second element <NUM> generates electric power when push button <NUM> is released. In other words, because it is possible to identify which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> has generated the electric power, control circuit <NUM> (or determination circuit <NUM>) can determine whether push button <NUM> has been pressed or whether push button <NUM> has been released.

Power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM> will be described with reference to <FIG>. In power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, elements that are substantially the same as those in power generation device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM> are assigned the same reference marks, and as such, description of the elements will be omitted where appropriate.

Power generation device 10A includes support body 4A instead of support body <NUM>. Support body 4A includes shared magnetic path portion <NUM> in addition to main body portion <NUM> corresponding to support body <NUM> in power generation device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>.

Shared magnetic path portion <NUM> protrudes rightward from the vertical center of main body portion <NUM>. Shared magnetic path portion <NUM> is substantially parallel to vibration portions <NUM>, <NUM>. In other words, first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> are arranged so as to face each other across shared magnetic path portion <NUM> which is formed of a magnetic material.

Shared magnetic path portion <NUM> is integrally formed with main body portion <NUM>. The protruding length of shared magnetic path portion <NUM> from main body portion <NUM> is substantially the same as those of vibration portions <NUM>, <NUM>. Unlike vibration portions <NUM>, <NUM>, shared magnetic path portion <NUM> is so rigid as to be hard to curve (vibrate) in normal use.

In power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> are arranged side by side across shared magnetic path portion <NUM>. First element <NUM>, second element <NUM>, and support body 4A (main body portion <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>) form an "E" shape as viewed from the front. In other words, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, an E-shaped magnetic path including first piezoelectric vibrating power generation element <NUM>, shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, and second element <NUM> as viewed in a direction orthogonal to the alignment of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM>. The E-shaped magnetic path includes: a first magnetic path including first element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>; and a second magnetic path including second element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>.

Furthermore, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position, first magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> contacts first element <NUM>, and second magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> contacts shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>. In other words, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position, a magnetic path including the first magnetic path and movable element <NUM> form a closed magnetic path (also hereinafter referred to as a "first closed magnetic path"). As illustrated in <FIG>, a magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows counterclockwise in the first closed magnetic path. Note that the arrows in <FIG> indicate the directions of the magnetic flux. In <FIG>, the shapes of movable element <NUM>, weights <NUM>, <NUM>, etc., are schematic.

Furthermore, when movable element <NUM> is in the second position, first magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> contacts shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, and second magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> contacts second element <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>. In other words, when movable element <NUM> is in the second position, a magnetic path including the second magnetic path and movable element <NUM> form a closed magnetic path (also hereinafter referred to as a "second closed magnetic path"). As illustrated in <FIG>, a magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows counterclockwise in the second closed magnetic path. Note that the arrows in <FIG> indicate the directions of the magnetic flux. In <FIG>, the shapes of movable element <NUM>, weights <NUM>, <NUM>, etc., are schematic.

In power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, since support body 4A includes shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, it is possible to reduce the impact that the magnetic flux of permanent magnet <NUM> has on the power generation by first element <NUM> and second element <NUM>. This point will be described below with reference to <FIG>, including comparison with power generation device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>.

In power generation device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>, when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position (refer to <FIG>) to the second position (refer to <FIG>), movable element <NUM> separates from first element <NUM> midway through the movement, vibration portion <NUM> vibrates (refer to <FIG>), and power generator <NUM> generates electric power. At this time, beam <NUM> of vibration portion <NUM> is under a force directed toward movable element <NUM> based on the magnetic force from permanent magnet <NUM>. Therefore, due to the impact of the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>, the vibrational amplitude of vibration portion <NUM> may be reduced, and the amount of power generation at power generator <NUM> may be reduced.

In contrast, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, support body 4A includes shared magnetic path portion <NUM>. Therefore, when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position, magnetic field lines from the N-pole face (upper surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> pass through shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, the lower half of main body portion <NUM> of support body 4A, and beam <NUM> of second element <NUM>, and return to the S-pole face (lower surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). This means that when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position, a major part of the magnetic field lines from permanent magnet <NUM> passes through the closed magnetic path (second closed magnetic path). Thus, when movable element <NUM> moves to the second position, first element <NUM> is less likely to be affected by the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>. Accordingly, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position (refer to <FIG>) to the second position (refer to <FIG>), vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, and power generator <NUM> generates electric power, the vibrational amplitude of vibration portion <NUM> is less likely to be reduced due to the impact of the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>. Consequently, in power generation device 10A, it is possible to increase the amount of power generation at power generator <NUM> when movable element <NUM> is moving from the first position to the second position, as compared to power generation device <NUM>. Note that in actuality, among the magnetic field lines from permanent magnet <NUM>, magnetic field lines passing through a path including second element <NUM> gradually become dominant midway through the movement of movable element <NUM> from the first position to the second position. In other words, the impact that the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM> has on first element <NUM> can be gradually reduced even during the movement of movable element <NUM> from the first position to the second position.

Similarly, in power generation device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>, when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position (refer to <FIG>) to the first position (refer to <FIG>), vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, and power generator <NUM> generates electric power, the vibrational amplitude of vibration portion <NUM> may be reduced and the amount of power generation at power generator <NUM> may be reduced due to the impact of the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>.

In contrast, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position, the magnetic field lines from the N-pole face (upper surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> pass through first element <NUM>, the upper half of main body portion <NUM> of support body 4A, and shared magnetic path portion <NUM> and return to the S-pole face (lower surface) of permanent magnet <NUM> (refer to <FIG>). This means that when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position, a major part of the magnetic field lines from permanent magnet <NUM> passes through the closed magnetic path (first closed magnetic path). Thus, when movable element <NUM> moves to the first position, second element <NUM> is less likely to be affected by the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>. Accordingly, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position (refer to <FIG>) to the first position (refer to <FIG>), vibration portion <NUM> vibrates, and power generator <NUM> generates electric power, the vibrational amplitude of vibration portion <NUM> is less likely to be reduced due to the impact of the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM>. Consequently, in power generation device 10A, it is possible to increase the amount of power generation at power generator <NUM> when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position, as compared to power generation device <NUM>. Note that among the magnetic field lines from permanent magnet <NUM>, magnetic field lines passing through a path including first element <NUM> gradually become dominant midway through the movement of movable element <NUM> from the second position to the first position. In other words, the impact that the magnetic force of permanent magnet <NUM> has on second element <NUM> can be gradually reduced even during the movement of movable element <NUM> from the second position to the first position.

Furthermore, in power generation device 10A according to the present exemplary embodiment, since support body <NUM> includes shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, it is possible to assist the push operation that is performed by an operator. Specifically, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position (refer to <FIG>), a magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows counterclockwise in the first closed magnetic path. When movable element <NUM> moves downward from the first position, second magnetic body <NUM> moves downward, and a gap is created between shared magnetic path portion <NUM> and second magnetic body <NUM>, resulting in an increase in the magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit (referred to as a "first magnetic circuit") passing through first element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>. Meanwhile, when first magnetic body <NUM> moves downward, a gap between first magnetic body <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM> is reduced, and when second magnetic body <NUM> moves downward, a gap between second magnetic body <NUM> and second element <NUM> is reduced. Therefore, the magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit (referred to as a "second magnetic circuit") passing through second element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM> is reduced. Subsequently, when movable element <NUM> moves further downward and the magnetic resistance of the second magnetic circuit becomes less than the magnetic resistance of the first magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> preferentially flows through the second magnetic circuit. Accordingly, a force of attraction occurs between first magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, and a force of attraction occurs between second magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM> and second element <NUM>, causing movable element <NUM> to be drawn downward. Thus, the push operation that is performed by an operator is assisted.

Power generation device 10B according to Embodiment <NUM> will be described with reference to <FIG>. In power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment, elements that are substantially the same as those in power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM> are assigned the same reference marks, and as such, description of the elements will be omitted where appropriate.

In power generation device 10B, movable element <NUM> includes first permanent magnet <NUM> and second permanent magnet <NUM> instead of permanent magnet <NUM>.

In movable element <NUM>, first permanent magnet <NUM> is located on the right-hand side, and second permanent magnet <NUM> is located on the left-hand side. In other words, second permanent magnet <NUM> is more proximal to shared magnetic path portion <NUM> than first permanent magnet <NUM> is.

First permanent magnet <NUM> has a N-pole face (first pole surface) as an upper surface and a S-pole face (second pole surface) as a lower surface. Second permanent magnet <NUM> has one side polarized to have two polarities such that the upper half of the left surface is a N-pole face (first pole surface), the lower half of the left surface is a S-pole face (second pole surface), the upper half of the right surface is a S-pole face (second pole surface), and the lower half of the right surface is a N-pole face (first pole surface).

The features of power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment will be described below with reference to <FIG>, including comparison with power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM>. Note that the arrows in <FIG> indicate the directions of the magnetic flux. In <FIG>, the shapes of movable element <NUM>, weights <NUM>, <NUM>, etc., are schematic.

In power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM>, permanent magnet <NUM> is polarized so that the upper surface is a north pole and the lower surface is a south pole. When movable element <NUM> is in the first position, the magnetic field lines entering movable element <NUM> through shared magnetic path portion <NUM> enter second magnetic body <NUM> through the upper surface of second magnetic body <NUM> by way of the leading end (right end) of shared magnetic path portion <NUM> and enter the lower surface (S-pole face) of permanent magnet <NUM> through the upper surface of second magnetic body <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>. Therefore, at the boundary between shared magnetic path portion <NUM> and second magnetic body <NUM>, the directions of the magnetic field lines change abruptly (from rightward to downward), and magnetic flux saturation is likely to occur. When the magnetic flux saturation occurs, the force of attraction between movable element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM> may be reduced.

In contrast, in power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position, part of the magnetic field lines entering movable element <NUM> through shared magnetic path portion <NUM> enters second magnetic body <NUM> through the leading end (right end) of shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, and the rest of the magnetic field lines enters second permanent magnet <NUM> through the left surface of second permanent magnet <NUM>, as illustrated in <FIG>. This means that second permanent magnet <NUM> forms a bypass path in which the magnetic field lines pass. Therefore, in power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment, the magnetic flux saturation is less likely to occur than in power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM>. Thus, it is possible to improve the force of attraction between movable element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>.

Similarly, in power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> is in the second position, part of the magnetic field lines entering shared magnetic path portion <NUM> through movable element <NUM> enters shared magnetic path portion <NUM> through the leading end (left end) of first magnetic body <NUM>, and the rest of the magnetic field lines enters shared magnetic path portion <NUM> through second permanent magnet <NUM>. This means that second permanent magnet <NUM> forms a bypass path in which the magnetic field lines pass. Therefore, in power generation device 10B according to the present exemplary embodiment, the magnetic flux saturation is less likely to occur than in power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM>. Thus, it is possible to improve the force of attraction between movable element <NUM> and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>.

Power generation device 10C according to Embodiment <NUM> will be described with reference to <FIG> and <FIG>. In power generation device 10C according to the present exemplary embodiment, elements that are substantially the same as those in power generation device 10A according to Embodiment <NUM> are assigned the same reference marks, and as such, description of the elements will be omitted where appropriate.

As illustrated in <FIG>, power generation device 10C further includes coil <NUM>. Coil <NUM> has first end <NUM> and second end <NUM> at opposite ends. Coil <NUM> is disposed in the E-shaped magnetic path. Here, coil <NUM> is wound around shared magnetic path portion <NUM> of support body <NUM>. Coil <NUM> constitutes a power generator (third power generator) that generates electric power according to movement of movable element <NUM>.

Hereinafter, the power generation by coil <NUM> will be briefly described.

When movable element <NUM> is in the first position (refer to <FIG>), the magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows counterclockwise in the first closed magnetic path (first magnetic circuit) (refer to <FIG>). Specifically, the magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows leftward in beam <NUM> of first element <NUM> from the N-pole face (upper surface) of permanent magnet <NUM>, flows downward in main body portion <NUM> of support body <NUM>, flows rightward in shared magnetic path portion <NUM>, and returns to the S-pole face (lower surface) of permanent magnet <NUM>. Thus, the rightward magnetic flux flows inside coil <NUM>.

In this state, when movable element <NUM> moves downward according to the push operation on push button <NUM> performed by an operator, a gap is created between movable element <NUM> (second magnetic body <NUM>) and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>. Accordingly, the magnetic resistance of the aforementioned magnetic circuit (first magnetic circuit) increases, and the rightward magnetic flux flowing in shared magnetic path portion <NUM> changes (decreases). When the magnetic flux flowing in coil <NUM> changes, coil <NUM> generates an electric current by electromagnetic induction.

On the other hand, when movable element <NUM> is in the second position (refer to <FIG>) as a result of an operator pressing push button <NUM>, the magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows counterclockwise in the second closed magnetic path (second magnetic circuit) (refer to <FIG>). Specifically, the magnetic flux from permanent magnet <NUM> flows leftward in shared magnetic path portion <NUM> from the N-pole face (upper surface) of permanent magnet <NUM>, flows downward in main body portion <NUM> of support body <NUM>, flows rightward in beam <NUM> of second element <NUM>, and returns to the S-pole face (lower surface) of permanent magnet <NUM>. Thus, the leftward magnetic flux, that is, the magnetic flux flowing in the direction opposite to the direction thereof with movable element <NUM> in the first position, flows inside coil <NUM>.

In this state, when the operator ends the push operation on push button <NUM>, movable element <NUM> moves upward, and a gap is created between movable element <NUM> (first magnetic body <NUM>) and shared magnetic path portion <NUM>. Accordingly, the magnetic resistance of the aforementioned magnetic circuit (second magnetic circuit) increases, and the leftward magnetic flux flowing in shared magnetic path portion <NUM> changes (decreases). When the magnetic flux flowing in coil <NUM> changes, coil <NUM> generates an electric current by electromagnetic induction. The direction of the electric current generated by coil <NUM> at this time is opposite to the direction of the electric current generated when the push operation is performed on push button <NUM> (when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position).

At this time, in power generation device 10C according to the present exemplary embodiment, when movable element <NUM> moves, not only first power generator <NUM> and second power generator <NUM>, but also the third power generator (coil <NUM>) generates electric power. Thus, with power generation device 10C according to the present exemplary embodiment, it is possible to further improve power generation efficiency.

Next, one example (first example) of input device 20C including power generation device 10C will be described with reference to <FIG>. In input device 20C, elements that are substantially the same as those in input device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM> are assigned the same reference marks, and as such, description of the elements will be omitted where appropriate.

Input device 20C includes coil current rectifier circuit <NUM>, piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM>, voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM>, power storage element <NUM>, first rectifier <NUM>, and second rectifier <NUM>, in addition to power generation device 10C and control circuit <NUM>.

Coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> adjusts the electric current supplied from coil <NUM> so that the electric current flows in one direction. Coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> is a what is called a diode bridge in which four didoes are connected in series-parallel.

One input terminal among two input terminals of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first end <NUM> of coil <NUM>. The other input terminal among the two input terminals of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to second end <NUM> of coil <NUM>.

Furthermore, first end <NUM> of coil <NUM> is connected to first input terminal <NUM> of determination circuit <NUM> via the diode serving as first rectifier <NUM>. Second end <NUM> of coil <NUM> is connected to second input terminal <NUM> of determination circuit <NUM> via the diode serving as second rectifier <NUM>.

Power storage element <NUM> is connected between two output terminals of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM>.

Piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> adjusts the electric current supplied from first power generator <NUM> of first element <NUM> and second power generator <NUM> of second element <NUM> so that the electric current flows in one direction. Piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> is a what is called a diode bridge in which four didoes are connected in series-parallel.

One input terminal among two input terminals of piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to second electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM>, first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM>, second electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM>, and first electrode (upper electrode) <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>. The other input terminal among the two input terminals of piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> is connected to first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of first piezoelectric converter <NUM>, second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of second piezoelectric converter <NUM>, first electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of third piezoelectric converter <NUM>, and second electrode (lower electrode) <NUM> of fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

This means that both the electric current generated at first power generator <NUM> and the electric current generated at second power generator <NUM> are input to piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM>.

Power storage element <NUM> is connected between two output terminals of piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM>. Unlike input device <NUM>, input terminal 20C has no piezoelectric rectifiers (diodes) connected between the rectifier circuit and power storage element <NUM>.

Voltage conversion circuit <NUM> generates an operating voltage for control circuit <NUM> from electric charge stored in power storage element <NUM>. Control circuit <NUM> operates at the operating voltage supplied from voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and performs a desired function (for example, a notification function using radio communication).

When power generation device 10C generates electric power, determination circuit <NUM> determines which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> has generated the electric power. Determination circuit <NUM> performs this determination by comparing the value of a voltage at first input terminal <NUM> and the value of a voltage at second input terminal <NUM>, for example. Specifically, the direction of the electric current generated at coil <NUM> when movable element <NUM> moves from the first position to the second position and the direction of the electric current generated at coil <NUM> when movable element <NUM> moves from the second position to the first position are opposite to each other; this depends on which of first end <NUM> and second end <NUM> has high potential. Therefore, by comparing the value of a voltage at first input terminal <NUM> and the value of a voltage at second input terminal <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM> can determine a direction in which movable element <NUM> is moving. When the direction in which movable element <NUM> is moving is known, it is clear which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> is vibrating. Thus, determination circuit <NUM> can determine which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> has generated the electric power.

Thus, input device 20C includes determination circuit <NUM> which determines, on the basis of the direction of the electric current generated at coil <NUM>, which of first element <NUM> and second element <NUM> has generated the electric power. By finding a source that has generated the electric power, input device 20C can determine, for example, whether push button <NUM> has been pressed or whether push button <NUM> has been released.

Furthermore, in input device 20C, according to the direction of the electric current generated at coil <NUM>, determination circuit <NUM> finds a source that has generated the electric power. Therefore, unlike input device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>, input device 20C does not require the diodes serving as rectifiers (<NUM>, <NUM>). Thus, electric current loss due to the diodes can be reduced.

Note that the power storage element to be connected to the output terminal of piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> and the power storage element to be connected to the output terminal of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> may be separate. In other words, a path in which the electric power generated at first power generator <NUM> and second power generator <NUM> is supplied to control circuit <NUM> and a path in which the electric power generated at the third power generator (coil <NUM>) is supplied to control circuit <NUM> may be different. This makes it possible to improve the operation redundancy of control circuit <NUM>.

Next, input device 20D according to another example (second example) which includes power generation device 10C will be described with reference to <FIG>. In input device 20D, elements that are substantially the same as those in input device 20C according to the first example are assigned the same reference marks, and as such, description of the elements will be omitted where appropriate.

Input device 20D includes power generation device 10C, coil current rectifier circuit <NUM>, piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM>, first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, first power storage element <NUM>, second power storage element <NUM>, and control circuit <NUM>. Although not illustrated in the drawings, input device 20D further includes determination circuit <NUM>, first rectifier <NUM>, and second rectifier <NUM> (refer to <FIG>).

Each of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM> and piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM> is a diode bridge, for example.

First power storage element <NUM> is connected between two output terminals of coil current rectifier circuit <NUM>. Both ends of first power storage element <NUM> are connected to first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is connected to control circuit <NUM>.

Second power storage element <NUM> (a power storage element different from first power storage element <NUM>) is connected between the two output terminals of piezoelectric current rectifier circuit <NUM>. Both ends of second power storage element <NUM> are connected to second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is connected to control circuit <NUM>.

Each of first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> and second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is a DC/DC converter or a three-terminal regulator, for example.

Control circuit <NUM> includes starting circuit <NUM> and processing circuit <NUM>.

Starting circuit <NUM> is connected to first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. When the voltage supplied from first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> exceeds a predetermined threshold voltage, starting circuit <NUM> operates and transmits a start signal to processing circuit <NUM>.

Processing circuit <NUM> is connected to second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. Processing circuit <NUM> operates at the operating voltage supplied from second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, and performs a predetermined function (for example, a notification function). When processing circuit <NUM> receives the start signal from starting circuit <NUM>, processing circuit <NUM> performs the function at the operating voltage supplied from second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. In other words, even when processing circuit <NUM> is supplied with the operating voltage from second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, processing circuit <NUM> does not perform the function until processing circuit <NUM> receives the start signal from starting circuit <NUM>.

As already mentioned, power generation device 10C included in input device 20D according to the present invention includes two piezoelectric vibrating power generation elements (first element <NUM> and second element <NUM>). One of these two piezoelectric vibrating power generation elements is attracted and attached to movable element <NUM>, and thus vibration of the piezoelectric vibrating power generation element is restricted. For example, when movable element <NUM> is in the first position, first element <NUM> is attracted and attached to the upper surface of first magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM>, and thus vibration of first element <NUM> is restricted. When movable element <NUM> is in the second position, second element <NUM> is attracted and attached to the upper surface of second magnetic body <NUM> of movable element <NUM>, and thus vibration of second element <NUM> is restricted. Meanwhile, the position of the other piezoelectric vibrating power generation element (that is second element <NUM> when movable element <NUM> is in the first position or first element <NUM> when movable element <NUM> is in the second position) is not fixed. Therefore, the other piezoelectric vibrating power generation element may vibrate and generate electric power due to factors other than the movement of movable element <NUM> following the operation of pushing or releasing push button <NUM>, for example, due to vibration of housing <NUM>. For example, in input device <NUM> according to Embodiment <NUM>, control circuit <NUM> (refer to <FIG>) may perform a specific function (such as a notification function using radio communication) according to the electric power generated by the other piezoelectric vibrating power generation element while movable element <NUM> is not under the pressing force of push button <NUM>. Note that although not illustrated in <FIG>, control circuit <NUM> includes processing circuit <NUM> which performs a specific function, as illustrated in <FIG>.

This means that in input device 20D according to the present exemplary embodiment, control circuit <NUM> includes starting circuit <NUM> in order to minimize the aforementioned malfunctions. Processing circuit <NUM> does not perform a specific function until processing circuit <NUM> receives the start signal from starting circuit <NUM>. Therefore, in input device 20D (refer to <FIG>) according to the present exemplary embodiment, in a situation in which the push operation has not been performed on push button <NUM>, the likelihood of control circuit <NUM> performing a specific function (for example, a notification function using radio communication) is reduced.

Input device 20D according to the present exemplary embodiment includes starting circuit <NUM> (malfunction prevention circuit). Starting circuit <NUM> restricts processing circuit <NUM> from performing a specific function in a specific situation. The specific situation is a state in which movable element <NUM> is not under the pressing force of an external unit (push button <NUM>) and electric power is generated at power generation device <NUM> (10A to 10C). When starting circuit <NUM> is supplied with an electric current from coil <NUM>, starting circuit <NUM> allows processing circuit <NUM> to perform a specific function.

Note that starting circuit <NUM> may monitor an output voltage at second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. Starting circuit <NUM> may transmit the start signal to processing circuit <NUM> to cause processing circuit <NUM> to operate only when the output voltage at second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is greater than or equal to a voltage required for the operation of processing circuit <NUM>.

Each of the above-described exemplary embodiments is merely one of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Various changes can be made to each of the above-described exemplary embodiments according to the design or the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. Variations of the above-described exemplary embodiments will be detailed below. The variations described below can be combined and applied as appropriate.

In one variation, input device <NUM> (refer to <FIG>) according to Embodiment <NUM> may further include a malfunction preventer. The malfunction preventer is a circuit or a structure that restricts a predetermined operation in a specific situation. Specifically, starting circuit <NUM> (malfunction prevention circuit) described above is one example of the malfunction preventer. Furthermore, the malfunction preventer does not need to be included in control circuit <NUM> and may be provided as a structure. The specific situation is a state in which movable element <NUM> is not under the pressing force of an external unit (push button <NUM>) and electric power is generated at power generation device <NUM> (10A to 10C). As one example, the malfunction preventer may be a structure that restricts vibration of one of two piezoelectric vibrating power generation elements <NUM>, <NUM> that is not attracted and attached to movable element <NUM>. As one example, the malfunction preventer may be a structure that when push button <NUM> is not pressed, restricts vibration of the two piezoelectric vibrating power generation elements, and when push button <NUM> is pressed, allows the two piezoelectric vibrating power generation elements to vibrate.

In one variation, first power generator <NUM> may include only one of first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and second piezoelectric converter <NUM> and may include a piezoelectric converter different from first piezoelectric converter <NUM> and second piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

In one variation, second power generator <NUM> may include only one of third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM> and may include a piezoelectric converter different from third piezoelectric converter <NUM> and fourth piezoelectric converter <NUM>.

In one variation, coil <NUM> may be disposed in a position different from the position of shared magnetic path portion <NUM> in the E-shaped magnetic path. For example, coil <NUM> may include a first coil and a second coil. The first coil is wound around the upper half portion of main body portion <NUM> and generates an electric current according to a change in the magnetic flux passing through this portion, for example. The second coil is wound around the lower half portion of main body portion <NUM> and generates an electric current according to a change in the magnetic flux passing through this portion, for example.

In one variation, the pole faces of second permanent magnet <NUM> in power generation device 10B are not limited to the example in Embodiment <NUM>. For example, second permanent magnet <NUM> may be polarized so that the upper half of the left surface is a N-pole face (first pole surface), the lower half of the left surface is a S-pole face (second pole surface), the upper surface is a S-pole face (second pole surface), and the lower surface is a N-pole face (first pole surface). Furthermore, in one variation, movable element <NUM> may include a magnetic body instead of second permanent magnet <NUM>.

In one variation, power generation devices <NUM>, 10A to 10C may include, instead of push button <NUM>, other operation portions such as a slide button. Furthermore, power generation devices <NUM>, 10A to 10C may include, instead of return portion <NUM>, a push button disposed so as to protrude from lower wall <NUM> of housing <NUM> and configured to move movable element <NUM> from the second position to the first position according to a push operation performed by an operator.

In one variation, for example, housing <NUM> may include a restricting structure that restricts movable element <NUM> from moving further downward from the second position.

In one variation, power generation devices <NUM>, 10A to 10C do not need to include first stopper <NUM> or second stopper <NUM>.

Claim 1:
An input device comprising:
a power generation device (<NUM>, 10A-10C) comprising:
a first piezoelectric vibrating power generation element (<NUM>) configured to vibrate to generate electric power;
a second piezoelectric vibrating power generation element (<NUM>) located lower than the first power generation element (<NUM>) and configured to vibrate to generate electric power; and
a movable element (<NUM>), formed of a magnetic material, and being configured to attract the first power generation element (<NUM>) downward when the movable element (<NUM>) is moving downward, and attract the second power generation element (<NUM>) upward when the movable element (<NUM>) is moving upward, wherein
the first power generation element (<NUM>) is configured to vibrate as a result of the downward movement of the movable element (<NUM>), and
the second power generation element (<NUM>) vibrates as a result of the upward movement of the movable element (<NUM>),
characterized in that
a control circuit (<NUM>, <NUM>) is configured to operate using the electric power generated at the power generation device (<NUM>, 10A-10C); and in that
a determination circuit (<NUM>) is configured to, when the electric power is generated at the power generation device (<NUM>, 10A-10C), determine at which of the first power generation element (<NUM>) and the second power generation element (<NUM>) the electric power has been generated.