Patent Description:
With rapid development of new-energy vehicles, power of a charging pile tends to gradually increase. A charging module is a core part of the charging pile. Currently, air-cooling heat dissipation is still a mainstream heat dissipation architecture of the charging module. With development of high-power charging modules, heat dissipation requirements of the charging module gradually increase and liquid-cooling heat dissipation is one of mainstream development directions in the future.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic assembly according to a conventional technology. As shown in <FIG>, in the conventional technology, the electronic assembly includes a circuit board assembly <NUM> and a liquid cold plate <NUM>, where the circuit board assembly <NUM> includes a board <NUM> and a heat-generating component <NUM>, and the heat-generating component <NUM> is disposed on the board <NUM>. There is a liquid-cooling cavity inside the liquid cold plate <NUM>, a liquid-cooling working medium flows in the liquid-cooling cavity, and the liquid cold plate <NUM> is thermally connected to the heat-generating component <NUM>, so that the liquid-cooling working medium may be used to take away heat generated by the heat-generating component <NUM>, thereby dissipating heat for the heat-generating component <NUM>. A plurality of the heat-generating components <NUM> are generally disposed in the electronic assembly, and one liquid cold plate <NUM> is used to dissipate heat for the plurality of the heat-generating components <NUM>. However, in the electronic assembly, heat dissipation densities of the plurality of the heat-generating components <NUM> may be different, and heat dissipation cannot be pertinently performed. Therefore, a heat dissipation effect is relatively poor, and resources may be prone to be wasted.

<CIT> describes a power conversion apparatus for a hybrid car or an electric car.

<CIT> describes a power converter mounted on electric automobiles.

This application provides an electronic assembly and an electronic device. In this solution, heat dissipation capabilities of different regions of a liquid cold plate are appropriately utilized to improve an effect of dissipating heat for a heat-generating component and also reduce energy consumption.

According to a first aspect, this application provides an electronic assembly, where the electronic assembly includes a circuit board assembly and a liquid cold plate. The circuit board assembly includes a board, a first heat-generating component, and a second heat-generating component, where the first heat-generating component and the second heat-generating component are disposed on the board. Specifically, the board may have a circuit pattern, and the first heat-generating component and the second heat-generating component may be electrically connected to the circuit pattern. The liquid cold plate includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. A cooling working medium flows into a liquid-cooling cavity of the liquid cold plate from the liquid inlet, and then flows out of the liquid cold plate from the liquid outlet. In this way, the liquid cold plate may be configured to dissipate heat for the circuit board assembly. The liquid cold plate includes a first cooling region and a second cooling region, where the second cooling region is closer to the liquid outlet than the first cooling region. In other words, the cooling working medium first flows through the first cooling region from the liquid inlet, and then flows to the second cooling region, so that a heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region is stronger than that of the second cooling region. A heat-generating density of the first heat-generating component is greater than that of the second heat-generating component, the first heat-generating component is thermally connected to the first cooling region, and the second heat-generating component is thermally connected to the second cooling region. The first cooling region is used to dissipate heat for the first heat-generating component, and the second cooling region is used to dissipate heat for the second heat-generating component, so that a heat dissipation capability of the liquid cold plate can be appropriately utilized to improve effects of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating component and the second heat-generating component, and also reduce energy consumption.

In a specific technical solution, in the first cooling region, there are a plurality of first heat dissipation fins, configured to improve the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region; and, in the second cooling region, there are a plurality of second heat dissipation fins, configured to improve the heat dissipation capability of the second cooling region. A density of the plurality of first heat dissipation fins is greater than that of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins, so that the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region is further stronger than that of the second cooling region.

In a specific technical solution, the electronic assembly further includes a shovel tooth radiator, where the shovel tooth radiator is disposed in the first cooling region, and the shovel tooth radiator is fixedly connected to the liquid cold plate. A gap between adjacent fins of the shovel tooth radiator may be made relatively small, and then a density of the plurality of fins of the shovel tooth radiator is relatively high. Therefore, a heat dissipation capability of the shovel tooth radiator is relatively strong, to help further improve the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region.

The electronic assembly further includes a spoiler, where the spoiler includes a plurality of protrusion structures. The first cooling region of the liquid cold plate includes a plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins; each protrusion structure in the plurality of protrusion structures and each fourth heat dissipation fin in the plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins are sequentially disposed spaced from each other; and there is a preset gap between a protrusion structure and a fourth heat dissipation fin that are adjacent. When a liquid-cooling working medium flows in the first cooling region, the liquid-cooling working medium is squeezed and disturbed by the protrusion structures, so that a flow rate of the liquid-cooling working medium increases, and a vortex is formed, to improve a heat exchange capability of the liquid cold plate, thereby improving a heat dissipation effect of the first cooling region on the first heat-generating component. In addition, the protrusion structures of the spoiler disturb the liquid-cooling working medium, so that the liquid-cooling working medium strikes the fourth heat dissipation fins. This may also improve the heat exchange capability of the liquid cold plate.

A shape of each protrusion structure in the plurality of protrusion structures of the spoiler is not limited, and may be a trapezoidal tooth or a cambered tooth. The two tooth shapes each have a relatively good disturbing effect, and can improve the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region. In addition, the two tooth shapes may be prepared by using a press forming process, and the preparation process is relatively simple.

In a specific embodiment, the liquid cold plate may include two parts: a die-cast liquid cold plate and a cover plate. The die-cast liquid cold plate is prepared by using a die casting process, and the preparation process is relatively simple. The die-cast liquid cold plate is covered by the cover plate to form a passageway, and the liquid-cooling working medium flows in the passageway to dissipate heat for a heat-generating component. The spoiler includes a positioning piece, and the positioning piece is connected to the die-cast liquid cold plate in a position limiting manner, so that positions of the spoiler and the die-cast liquid cold plate are relatively fixed. In addition, the spoiler is crimped between the cover plate and the die-cast liquid cold plate. In this solution, an installation manner of the spoiler is relatively simple, an installation structure is reliable, and water leakage is not prone to occur.

During specific disposition of the first heat-generating component, a distance between two surfaces that are of the first cooling region and the first heat-generating component and that face each other may be less than or equal to <NUM>. In other words, a distance between a surface that is of the first cooling region and that faces the first heat-generating component and a surface that is of the first heat-generating component and that faces the first cooling region is less than or equal to <NUM>, to help enable the first heat-generating component to be thermally connected to the first cooling region, and shorten a thermal conduction path between the first heat-generating component and the first cooling region, thereby improving efficiency of heat exchange between the first heat-generating component and the first cooling region.

Specifically, the first heat-generating component is thermally connected to the first cooling region by using a first thermal connection layer. The first thermal connection layer is flexible, and can increase a degree of adhesion between the first heat-generating component and the first cooling region, increase a heat exchange area, and also improve heat exchange efficiency.

The first thermal connection layer may be a thermal connection layer such as silicone grease, curing adhesive, or thermally conductive film. The first thermal connection layer made of the foregoing material may be made relatively thin and has relatively high thermal conductivity, so that the efficiency of heat exchange between the first heat-generating component and the first cooling region may be improved.

During specific disposition of the second heat-generating component, a gluing groove is disposed on a side that is of the second cooling region and that faces the second heat-generating component, the second heat-generating component is located in the gluing groove, and the second heat-generating component is thermally connected to the gluing groove by using pouring sealant. Compared with disposition of the first heat-generating component, a gap between the second heat-generating component and the gluing groove may be relatively large, so that a manufacturing tolerance of the liquid cold plate may be relatively large.

In a specific technical solution, one second heat-generating component is accommodated in one gluing groove. In this way, the liquid cold plate may have a plurality of gluing grooves, where there are quite many groove walls of the gluing grooves, to increase a heat dissipation area of the liquid cold plate, thereby helping improve efficiency of dissipating heat for the second heat-generating component.

In addition, a gap between the second heat-generating component and the gluing groove may be less than or equal to a preset width. In this way, a distance between the second heat-generating component and the gluing groove is relatively short, so that a thermal conduction path between the second heat-generating component and the gluing groove is relatively short, and thermal conduction efficiency is relatively high, thereby helping improve an effect of heat dissipation between the second heat-generating components.

In a further technical solution, the circuit board assembly further includes a third heat-generating component. The third heat-generating component is also disposed on the board, and the heat-generating density of the second heat-generating component is greater than that of the third heat-generating component. Correspondingly, the liquid cold plate further includes a third cooling region, and the third cooling region and the first cooling region are respectively located on two sides of the second cooling region. In other words, the third cooling region, the second cooling region, and the first cooling region are sequentially arranged in a direction from the liquid outlet to the liquid inlet, and their heat dissipation capabilities sequentially increase. The third heat-generating component is thermally connected to the third cooling region. In this solution, positions are arranged based on heat-generating densities of the heat-generating components, so that the liquid-cooling working medium may be used, to a maximum extent, to dissipate heat for the heat-generating components of the electronic assembly, thereby reducing power consumption of a liquid-cooling system.

During specific disposition of the third heat-generating component, a distance between two surfaces that are of the third cooling region and the third heat-generating component and that face each other is less than or equal to <NUM>, that is, a gap between the third heat-generating component and the third cooling region is less than or equal to <NUM>. In this solution, there is a relatively wide available range of a gap between a surface of the third heat-generating component and a surface of the third cooling region, to help absorption of a tolerance.

During specific disposition of the third heat-generating component, the third heat-generating component is thermally connected to the third cooling region by using a second thermal connection layer. The second thermal connection layer is flexible, and can increase a degree of adhesion between the third heat-generating component and the third cooling region, increase a heat exchange area, and also improve heat exchange efficiency. The second thermal connection layer can also absorb a tolerance, protect the third heat-generating component, and reduce a probability of the third heat-generating component to be damaged by collision.

The second thermal connection layer may be a thermally conductive layer such as a thermal pad, thermally conductive gel, or thermally conductive adhesive tape. The second thermal connection layer has relatively high thermal conductivity, and can improve efficiency of heat exchange between the third heat-generating component and the third cooling region.

The liquid cold plate includes a plurality of passageways, where an extension direction of the passageway intersects with a direction in which the liquid inlet faces the liquid outlet, the plurality of passageways are sequentially connected in series, and columnar teeth are disposed between two adjacent passageways. Disposing the columnar teeth between two adjacent passageways is equivalent to disposition at a turning point of the liquid-cooling working medium, so that a speed and a temperature of the cooling working medium are relatively uniform at each turning point.

In another technical solution, the circuit board assembly includes at least two first heat-generating components, and the first cooling region includes a main passageway and at least two sub-passageways. Each sub-passageway is connected to the main passageway, and adjacent sub-passageways are disposed in parallel. Therefore, temperatures of the cooling working medium in the sub-passageways are relatively close to each other, and heat dissipation capabilities of the sub-passageways are close to each other. The sub-passageways are thermally connected to the first heat-generating components in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the first cooling region has relatively close capabilities of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating components. In addition, lengths of the sub-passageways are relatively short, and flow resistance of the cooling working medium in the sub-passageways is relatively small, helping improve a flow rate of the cooling working medium and improve heat exchange efficiency.

In a specific technical solution, the electronic assembly may be a charging module.

According to a second aspect, this application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing and the electronic assembly according to the first aspect. The electronic assembly is disposed at the housing. In this technical solution, a heat-generating component of the electronic device may be arranged based on a heat dissipation capability of a liquid cold plate, thereby improving an effect of dissipating heat for the heat-generating component.

The electronic device may be specifically a charging pile.

Terms used in the following embodiments are merely intended to describe specific embodiments, but not to limit this application. The terms "one", "a", and "the", "the foregoing", "this", and "the one" in a singular form as used in this specification and the appended claims of this application are also intended to include expressions such as "one or more", unless otherwise specified clearly in the context.

Reference to "an embodiment", "a specific embodiment", or the like described in this specification indicates that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described with reference to the embodiment. The terms "include", "contain", "have", and their variants all mean "include but are not limited to", unless otherwise especially emphasized.

For ease of understanding an electronic assembly and an electronic device provided in embodiments of this application, the following first describes an application scenario of the electronic assembly and the electronic device. With development of electronic technologies, the power of a heat-generating component in an electronic assembly tends to be increasingly higher, and more heat is generated. Therefore, an electronic device has an increasingly-higher heat dissipation requirement. To improve heat dissipation efficiency, a liquid-cooling heat dissipation technology is more and more widely applied, where a liquid cold plate is used to dissipate heat for a heat-generating component of an electronic device.

Since heat-generating components have different operating power and different heat-generating efficiency, their heat dissipation requirements are also different. However, heat dissipation capabilities of liquid cold plates are consistent, and then heat dissipation cannot be performed based on a heat dissipation requirement of a heat-generating component. This may easily cause a resource waste.

To resolve the foregoing problem, this application provides an electronic assembly and an electronic device.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, this application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing <NUM> and an electronic assembly <NUM>, where the electronic assembly <NUM> is installed at the housing <NUM>. In a specific embodiment, the electronic assembly <NUM> may be installed inside the housing <NUM>, or may be disposed at another position of the housing <NUM>. This is not limited in this application. The electronic device may further include a water tank <NUM>, a water pump <NUM>, and a heat exchanger <NUM>. They are configured to dissipate heat for or cool the electronic assembly <NUM>. Specifically, the water tank <NUM> is configured to hold a cooling working medium, the water pump <NUM> is configured to provide power for the cooling working medium to flow, and the heat exchanger <NUM> is configured to cool the cooling working medium.

<FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of a liquid cold plate according to an embodiment of this application. <FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. <FIG> is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the electronic assembly <NUM> includes a circuit board assembly <NUM> and a liquid cold plate <NUM>, where the circuit board assembly <NUM> includes a board <NUM>, a first heat-generating component <NUM>, and a second heat-generating component <NUM>. The board <NUM> may be specifically a circuit board. The first heat-generating component <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM> are disposed on the board <NUM>. In a specific embodiment, the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM> may be electrically connected to the board <NUM>, or may be fastened on the board <NUM>. A heat-generating density of the first heat-generating component <NUM> is different from that of the second heat-generating component <NUM>, where the heat-generating density refers to a quantity of heat emitted in a unit area of the heat-generating component in a unit time. Specifically, the heat-generating density of the first heat-generating component <NUM> is greater than that of the second heat-generating component <NUM>.

The liquid cold plate <NUM> includes a liquid-cooling cavity, and a liquid inlet <NUM> and a liquid outlet <NUM> that are connected to the liquid-cooling cavity. The cooling working medium flows into the liquid-cooling cavity of the liquid cold plate <NUM> from the liquid inlet <NUM>, and flows out of the liquid-cooling cavity of the liquid cold plate <NUM> from the liquid outlet <NUM>. In other words, in the liquid-cooling cavity of the liquid cold plate <NUM>, the cooling working medium flows from the liquid inlet <NUM> to the liquid outlet <NUM>. The liquid cold plate <NUM> includes a first cooling region <NUM> and a second cooling region <NUM>, and the second cooling region <NUM> is closer to the liquid outlet <NUM> than the first cooling region <NUM>. The cooling working medium enters the liquid-cooling cavity from the liquid inlet <NUM>, first passes through the first cooling region <NUM>, and then passes through the second cooling region <NUM>. It may be understood that a temperature of the cooling working medium in the first cooling region <NUM> is lower than a temperature of the cooling working medium in the second cooling region <NUM>.

The first heat-generating component <NUM> is thermally connected to the first cooling region <NUM>, and the second heat-generating component <NUM> is thermally connected to the second cooling region <NUM>. Because the cooling working medium first flows through the first cooling region <NUM> and then flows through the second cooling region <NUM>, a heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region <NUM> is stronger than that of the second cooling region <NUM>. The first cooling region <NUM> is used to dissipate heat for the first heat-generating component <NUM>, and the second cooling region <NUM> is used to dissipate heat for the second heat-generating component <NUM>, so that a heat dissipation capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM> can be appropriately utilized to improve effects of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM>, and also reduce energy consumption.

It is worth noting that, in embodiments of this application, "a thermal connection" between A and B means that heat exchange may be performed between A and B; and specifically, A and B may be directly connected to each other to perform heat exchange; or A and B may be indirectly connected to each other by using a thermally conductive structure such as a thermally conductive layer, to perform heat exchange. To sum up, it suffices if A and B can perform heat exchange with each other.

Refer to <FIG> again. The circuit board assembly <NUM> further includes a third heat-generating component <NUM>, where the third heat-generating component <NUM> is also disposed on the board <NUM>. The heat-generating density of the second heat-generating component <NUM> is greater than that of the third heat-generating component <NUM>, and heat-generating densities of the first heat-generating component <NUM>, the second heat-generating component <NUM>, and the third heat-generating component <NUM> decrease in turn. The liquid cold plate <NUM> further includes a third cooling region <NUM>, and the third cooling region <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM> are disposed on two sides of the second cooling region <NUM>. In other words, the third cooling region <NUM>, the second cooling region <NUM>, and the first cooling region <NUM> are sequentially arranged in a direction from the liquid outlet <NUM> to the liquid inlet <NUM>, and their heat dissipation capabilities increase in turn. The third heat-generating component <NUM> is thermally connected to the third cooling region <NUM>. In embodiments of this application, positions are arranged based on heat-generating densities of the heat-generating components, so that the liquid-cooling working medium may be used, to a maximum extent, to dissipate heat for the heat-generating components of the electronic assembly <NUM>, thereby reducing power consumption of a liquid-cooling system.

Refer to <FIG> again. In a specific embodiment, there are a plurality of first heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the first cooling region <NUM>, a plurality of second heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the second cooling region <NUM>, and a plurality of third heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the third cooling region <NUM>, so as to improve heat dissipation capabilities of the first cooling region <NUM>, the second cooling region <NUM>, and the third cooling region <NUM>, thereby improving the heat dissipation capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM>. In a specific embodiment, a density of the plurality of first heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the first cooling region <NUM> is greater than that of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the second cooling region <NUM>, and the density of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the second cooling region <NUM> is greater than that of the plurality of third heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the third cooling region <NUM>. In this way, the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region <NUM> is further stronger than that of the second cooling region <NUM>, and the heat dissipation capability of the second cooling region <NUM> is further stronger than that of the third cooling region <NUM>, so as to improve a capability of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating component <NUM>, appropriately utilize the liquid-cooling working medium, and save energy consumption.

In a specific embodiment, the liquid cold plate <NUM> may be prepared by using a die casting process, to simplify a manufacturing process of the liquid cold plate <NUM>. Because it is difficult to manufacture the plurality of first heat dissipation fins <NUM> whose density is relatively high on the liquid cold plate <NUM> that is prepared by using the die casting process, a quantity of first heat dissipation fins <NUM> in the first cooling region <NUM> is limited, a heat dissipation area is limited, and a heat dissipation requirement of the first heat-generating component <NUM> can hardly be met.

<FIG> is a schematic exploded view of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, <FIG>, and <FIG>, in an embodiment, a shovel tooth radiator <NUM> may be disposed in the first cooling region <NUM>, where the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> is fixedly connected to the liquid cold plate <NUM>. The shovel tooth radiator <NUM> has a plurality of fins, a passageway of the liquid-cooling working medium is formed between the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> and the liquid cold plate <NUM>, and the fins are located in the passageway. In a specific embodiment, the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> may be fixedly connected to the liquid cold plate <NUM> in a friction-stir welding manner. A gap between adjacent fins of the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> may be made relatively small, and then a density of the plurality of fins of the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> is relatively high. Therefore, a heat dissipation capability of the shovel tooth radiator <NUM> is relatively strong, to help further improve the heat dissipation capability of the first cooling region <NUM>.

In addition, <FIG> is another schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application, and <FIG> is another schematic exploded view of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the electronic assembly <NUM> further includes a spoiler <NUM>, where the spoiler <NUM> is specifically disposed in the first cooling region <NUM> of the liquid cold plate <NUM>. <FIG> is a partial enlargement view of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the spoiler <NUM> includes a plurality of protrusion structures <NUM>, the first cooling region <NUM> includes a plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>, and there is a preset gap between two adjacent fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>, to form a passageway for the liquid-cooling working medium. The liquid-cooling working medium flows between two adjacent fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>. Each protrusion structure <NUM> in the plurality of protrusion structures <NUM> and each fourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> in the plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM> are sequentially disposed spaced from each other. In other words, the protrusion structures <NUM> are located in the passageway. There is a preset gap between a protrusion structure <NUM> and a fourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> that are adjacent, so that the liquid-cooling working medium can flow through the passageway by using the preset gap. In this solution, when flowing between adjacent fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>, the liquid-cooling working medium is squeezed and disturbed by the protrusion structures <NUM>, so that a flow rate of the liquid-cooling working medium increases, and a vortex is formed. The spoiler <NUM> can increase a flow rate of the liquid-cooling working medium, to improve a heat exchange capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM>, thereby improving a heat dissipation effect of the first cooling region <NUM> on the first heat-generating component <NUM>. In addition, the protrusion structures <NUM> of the spoiler <NUM> may disturb the liquid-cooling working medium, so that the liquid-cooling working medium strikes the fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>. This may also improve the heat exchange capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM>.

An installation manner of the spoiler <NUM> is not limited. As shown in <FIG>, the liquid cold plate <NUM> includes a die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> and a cover plate <NUM>. The die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> is covered by the cover plate <NUM> to form a passageway. The passageway is the liquid-cooling cavity of the liquid cold plate <NUM>, and the liquid-cooling working medium flows in the passageway. In a specific embodiment, the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> and the cover plate <NUM> may be connected and fixed by using a friction-stir welding process. The spoiler <NUM> further includes a positioning piece <NUM>, where the positioning piece <NUM> may be specifically of a bent structure to facilitate molding. The positioning piece <NUM> is connected to the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> in a position limiting manner. For example, the positioning piece <NUM> is clamped to thefourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> of the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM>, so that a position of the spoiler <NUM> and a position of the fourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> of the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> are relatively fixed. The cover plate <NUM> crimps the spoiler <NUM> onto the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM>, that is, the cover plate <NUM> and the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> are sandwiched on two sides of the spoiler <NUM>. In this solution, an installation manner of the spoiler <NUM> is relatively simple, an installation structure is reliable, and water leakage does not easily occur.

In another embodiment, the spoiler <NUM> may also be fixed on the die-cast liquid cold plate <NUM> in a manner of welding or the like, provided that the spoiler <NUM> is fixed onto the liquid cold plate <NUM>.

The protrusion structure <NUM> of the spoiler <NUM> is not limited. <FIG> is a schematic diagram of a structure <NUM> of a spoiler <NUM> according to an embodiment of this application. <FIG> is a schematic partial top view of a structure of a liquid cold plate according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, in an embodiment, the protrusion structure <NUM> of the spoiler <NUM> may be a trapezoid tooth. The spoiler <NUM> may be specifically prepared by using a press forming process. The preparation process is relatively simple, and a flow disturbing effect is relatively good, so that the heat dissipation capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM> can be substantially improved. In addition, the spoiler <NUM> in this solution has a strong anti-deformation capability, and can withstand long-term impact of a water flow, thereby improving a service life of the spoiler <NUM>.

<FIG> is another schematic diagram of a structure of a spoiler <NUM> according to an embodiment of this application. <FIG> is another schematic partial top view of a structure of a liquid cold plate according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, in another embodiment, the protrusion structure <NUM> of the spoiler <NUM> may be a cambered tooth. The spoiler <NUM> may also be specifically prepared by using a press forming process. The preparation process is relatively simple, and a flow disturbing effect is relatively good, so that the heat dissipation capability of the liquid cold plate <NUM> can be substantially improved. In addition, the spoiler <NUM> in this solution also has a strong anti-deformation capability, and can also withstand long-term impact of a water flow, thereby improving a service life of the spoiler <NUM>.

<FIG> is another schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic assembly according to a conventional technology. As shown in <FIG>, in the conventional technology, to dissipate heat for heat-generating components having different heights in an electronic assembly <NUM>, a plurality of independent liquid cold plates <NUM> are disposed in the electronic assembly <NUM>, where each liquid cold plate <NUM> is thermally connected to a heat-generating component. The plurality of independent liquid cold plates <NUM> are connected by using pipelines, so that a liquid-cooling working medium can flow between the liquid cold plates <NUM>, to dissipate heat for each heat-generating component. In this technical solution, there is a relatively large quantity of liquid cold plates <NUM>, and there is also a relatively large quantity of pipelines connecting the liquid cold plates <NUM>, causing difficult installation. In addition, there is a relatively large quantity of connection interfaces in this solution, and in a vibration environment or during long-term working, a leakage probability is relatively high and reliability is relatively low.

Refer to <FIG>. The liquid cold plate <NUM> in embodiments of this application is a liquid cold plate <NUM> prepared by using a die casting process. A shape of the liquid cold plate <NUM> is arranged based on positions of the heat-generating components. Shapes of sides of the liquid cold plate <NUM> that face the heat-generating components are adjusted, that is, heights of the sides of the liquid cold plate <NUM> that face the heat-generating components are different. In this solution, a distance between a heat dissipation surface of the liquid cold plate <NUM> and each heat-generating component may be relatively short, to help implement a thermal connection and improve efficiency of thermal conduction between the heat-generating component and the liquid cold plate <NUM>.

In a specific embodiment, a distance between a surface that is of the first cooling region <NUM> of the liquid cold plate <NUM> and that faces the first heat-generating component <NUM> and a surface that is of the first heat-generating component <NUM> and that faces the first cooling region <NUM> is less than or equal to <NUM>. In other words, a gap between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM> is less than or equal to <NUM>, to help enable the first heat-generating component <NUM> to be thermally connected to the first cooling region <NUM> and shorten a thermal conduction path between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM>, thereby improving efficiency of heat exchange between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM>.

Specifically, to improve efficiency of heat exchange between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the liquid cold plate <NUM>, a first thermal connection layer may be used between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and a surface of the first cooling region <NUM>, to implement a thermal connection. The first thermal connection layer may be a thermal connection layer such as silicone grease, curing adhesive, or thermally conductive film. The first thermal connection layer may be made relatively thin and has relatively high thermal conductivity, so that the efficiency of heat exchange between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM> may be improved. In addition, the first thermal connection layer is flexible, and can increase a degree of adhesion between the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first cooling region <NUM>, increase a heat exchange area, and also improve heat exchange efficiency.

Refer to <FIG> again. A gluing groove <NUM> is disposed on a side that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM>, the second heat-generating component <NUM> is located in the gluing groove <NUM>, and the second heat-generating component <NUM> is thermally connected to the gluing groove <NUM> by using pouring sealant. A surface that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM> and the surface that is of the first cooling region <NUM> and that faces the first heat-generating component <NUM> may be located on a same plane, or may be located on different planes. In conclusion, a gap between the surface that is of the first cooling region <NUM> and that faces the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the first heat-generating component <NUM> is less than or equal to a first preset value; and a gap between the surface that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM> is less than or equal to a second preset value, so that the liquid cold plate <NUM> can efficiently dissipate heat for the first heat-generating component <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM>.

During specific disposition of the second heat-generating component <NUM>, one second heat-generating component <NUM> may be accommodated in one gluing groove <NUM>. In this solution, the liquid cold plate <NUM> has a plurality of gluing grooves <NUM>, where there are quite many groove walls of the gluing grooves <NUM>, to increase a heat dissipation area of the liquid cold plate <NUM>, thereby helping improve efficiency of dissipating heat for the second heat-generating component <NUM>.

<FIG> is a schematic partial view of a structure of an electronic assembly according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, in a specific embodiment, a die-cast shape inside the gluing groove <NUM> may be the same as an outer profile of the second heat-generating component <NUM> accommodated in the gluing groove <NUM>, to help shorten a thermal conduction path, improve thermal conduction efficiency, reduce a quantity of the pouring sealant to reduce a cost, and reduce a weight of the electronic assembly <NUM>.

In addition, in a specific embodiment, a gap between the second heat-generating component <NUM> and the gluing groove <NUM> is less than or equal to a preset width. In this way, a distance between the second heat-generating component <NUM> and the gluing groove <NUM> is relatively short, so that a thermal conduction path between the second heat-generating component <NUM> and the gluing groove <NUM> is relatively short, and thermal conduction efficiency is relatively high, thereby helping improve an effect of heat dissipation between the second heat-generating components <NUM>.

During specific disposition of the third cooling region <NUM>, a surface that is of the third cooling region <NUM> and that faces the third heat-generating component <NUM> may be the same as or different from the surface that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM>. This is not limited in this application. Specifically, a distance between the surface that is of the third cooling region <NUM> and that faces the third heat-generating component <NUM> and a surface that is of the third heat-generating component <NUM> and that faces the third cooling region <NUM> is less than or equal to <NUM>, that is, a gap between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM> is less than or equal to <NUM>. In this solution, there is a relatively wide available range of a gap between a surface of the third heat-generating component and a surface of the third cooling region <NUM>, to help absorption of a tolerance. In addition, the gap between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM> is not large, to help enable the third heat-generating component <NUM> to be thermally connected to the third cooling region <NUM>, thereby improving efficiency of heat exchange between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM>.

During specific disposition of the third heat-generating component <NUM>, a second thermal connection layer may be disposed between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM>, so that a thermal connection between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM> is implemented by using the second thermal connection layer. The second thermal connection layer may be a thermally conductive layer such as a thermal pad, thermally conductive gel, or thermally conductive adhesive tape. The second thermal connection layer has relatively high thermal conductivity, and can improve efficiency of heat exchange between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM>. In addition, the second thermal connection layer is flexible, and can increase a degree of adhesion between the third heat-generating component <NUM> and the third cooling region <NUM>, increase a heat exchange area, and also improve heat exchange efficiency. The second thermal connection layer can also absorb a tolerance, protect the third heat-generating component <NUM>, and reduce a probability of the third heat-generating component <NUM> to be damaged by collision. In addition, a cost of the second thermal connection layer is relatively low, to help reduce a cost of the electronic assembly <NUM>.

It is worth noting that, in embodiments of this application, the surface that is of the first cooling region <NUM> and that faces the first heat-generating component <NUM> may be a plane. Alternatively, when the electronic assembly <NUM> includes a plurality of the first heat-generating components <NUM>, and heights of the plurality of the first heat-generating components <NUM> are different, heights of different regions in the first cooling region <NUM> may also be different. In other words, the surface that is of the first cooling region <NUM> and that faces the first heat-generating component <NUM> may be located on different planes, mainly to ensure that a gap between the first cooling region <NUM> and the first heat-generating component <NUM> is a preset distance, thereby shortening a thermal conduction path between the first cooling region <NUM> and the first heat-generating component <NUM>, and improving an effect of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating component <NUM>.

Similarly, the surface that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM> may also be a plane. Alternatively, when the electronic assembly <NUM> includes a plurality of the second heat-generating components <NUM>, and heights of the plurality of second heat-generating components <NUM> are different, heights of different regions in the second cooling region <NUM> may also be different. In other words, the surface that is of the second cooling region <NUM> and that faces the second heat-generating component <NUM> may be located on different planes, mainly to ensure that a gap between the second cooling region <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM> is a preset distance, thereby shortening a thermal conduction path between the second cooling region <NUM> and the second heat-generating component <NUM>, and improving an effect of dissipating heat for the second heat-generating component <NUM>.

Similarly, the surface that is of the third cooling region <NUM> and that faces the third heat-generating component <NUM> may also be a plane. Alternatively, when the electronic assembly <NUM> includes a plurality of the third heat-generating components <NUM>, and heights of the plurality of third heat-generating components <NUM> are different, heights of different regions in the third cooling region <NUM> may also be different. In other words, the surface that is of the third cooling region <NUM> and that faces the third heat-generating component <NUM> may be located on different planes, mainly to ensure that a gap between the third cooling region <NUM> and the third heat-generating component <NUM> is a preset distance, thereby shortening a thermal conduction path between the third cooling region <NUM> and the third heat-generating component <NUM>, and improving an effect of dissipating heat for the third heat-generating component <NUM>.

In a specific embodiment, the liquid cold plate <NUM> includes a plurality of passageways, where an extension direction of the passageway intersects with a direction in which the liquid inlet <NUM> faces the liquid outlet <NUM>. Further, the extension direction of the passageway is perpendicular to the direction in which the liquid inlet <NUM> faces the liquid outlet <NUM>. Specifically, the plurality of passageways may be sequentially connected in series, and columnar teeth <NUM> are disposed between two adjacent passageways. Disposing the columnar teeth <NUM> between two adjacent passageways is equivalent to disposition at a turning point of the liquid-cooling working medium, so that a speed and a temperature of the cooling working medium are relatively uniform at each turning point. There is a separation rib between the passageways, where the separation rib may be fastened by using a welding process, so that this solution can avoid long-term high-speed impact of the cooling working medium on a welding seam, thereby improving structural reliability of the liquid cold plate <NUM>.

<FIG> is another schematic diagram of a structure of a liquid cold plate according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the circuit board assembly <NUM> includes at least two first heat-generating components <NUM>, and the first cooling region <NUM> includes a main passageway <NUM> and at least two sub-passageways <NUM>. Each sub-passageway <NUM> is connected to the main passageway <NUM>, and adjacent sub-passageways <NUM> are disposed in parallel. Therefore, temperatures of the cooling working medium in the sub-passageways <NUM> are relatively close to each other, and heat dissipation capabilities of the sub-passageways <NUM> are close to each other. The sub-passageways <NUM> are thermally connected to the first heat-generating components <NUM> in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the first cooling region <NUM> has relatively close capabilities of dissipating heat for the first heat-generating components <NUM>. In addition, lengths of the sub-passageways <NUM> are relatively short, and flow resistance of the cooling working medium in the sub-passageways <NUM> is relatively small, helping improve a flow rate of the cooling working medium and improve heat exchange efficiency.

Claim 1:
An electronic assembly, comprising a circuit board assembly and a liquid cold plate (<NUM>), wherein the circuit board assembly comprises a board, a first heat-generating component (<NUM>), and a second heat-generating component (<NUM>); the first heat-generating component (<NUM>) and the second heat-generating component (<NUM>) are disposed on the board, and a heat-generating density of the first heat-generating component (<NUM>) is greater than that of the second heat-generating component (<NUM>); the liquid cold plate (<NUM>) comprises a liquid inlet (<NUM>) and a liquid outlet (<NUM>), and a cooling working medium flows into the liquid cold plate (<NUM>) from the liquid inlet (<NUM>) and flows out of the liquid cold plate (<NUM>) from the liquid outlet (<NUM>); and
the liquid cold plate (<NUM>) comprises a first cooling region (<NUM>) and a second cooling region (<NUM>), the second cooling region (<NUM>) is closer to the liquid outlet (<NUM>) than the first cooling region (<NUM>), the first heat-generating component (<NUM>) is thermally connected to the first cooling region (<NUM>), and the second heat-generating component (<NUM>) is thermally connected to the second cooling region (<NUM>);
characterized by a spoiler (<NUM>), wherein the spoiler (<NUM>) comprises a plurality of protrusion structures (<NUM>); and the first cooling region (<NUM>) comprises a plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins (<NUM>), each protrusion structure (<NUM>) in the plurality of protrusion structures (<NUM>) and each fourth heat dissipation fin (<NUM>) in the plurality of fourth heat dissipation fins (<NUM>) are sequentially disposed spaced from each other, and there is a preset gap between a protrusion structure (<NUM>) and a fourth heat dissipation fin (<NUM>) that are adjacent.