Patent Description:
This application relates to heat dissipation technologies, and in particular, to a heat sink, a heat dissipation apparatus, a heat dissipation system, and a communications device.

As science and technologies advance, to reduce sizes of electronic products, package sizes of chips used to construct electronic products need to be reduced. That is, a plurality of chips are packaged in a same package body, to effectively reduce a package size of chips, and reduce sizes of electronic products. How to effectively dissipate heat for the plurality of chips is an existing problem that needs to be urgently resolved. <CIT> discloses an apparatus including a primary device and at least one secondary device coupled in a planar array to a substrate; a first heat exchanger disposed on the primary device and having an opening over an area corresponding to the at least one secondary device; a second heat exchanger disposed in the opening on the at least one secondary device; at least one heat pipe coupled to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

Embodiments of this application provide a heat sink, a heat dissipation apparatus, a heat dissipation system, and a communications device, to overcome a prior-art problem that heat of each chip in a packaged chip cannot be properly and effectively dissipated, and as a result, a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature is reduced, and a service life of an electronic product is reduced.

According to a first aspect of this application, a heat sink is provided, including:.

In this embodiment, different heat dissipation substrates of the heat sink may separately dissipate heat for different chips in the packaged chip, and the different heat dissipation substrates are connected by using the connector. Therefore, neighboring heat dissipation substrates can conduct heat only by using the connector, and have a relatively slow heat conduction speed, thereby effectively obstructing heat conduction between the neighboring heat dissipation substrates. When temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

In the first aspect, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are both in a same plane.

In this embodiment, because surfaces that are of chips in the packaged chip and that are away from the circuit board are all in the same plane, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are both in the same plane. Therefore, this can ensure that the heat conduction surfaces of the heat dissipation substrates all are in contact with each chip in the packaged chip, and avoid that the heat dissipation substrates are undesirably in contact with the packaged chip.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the connector is of an elongated shape.

In some other embodiments of the first aspect, the connector is sheet-shaped.

In the foregoing embodiment, when the connector is of an elongated shape or sheet-shaped, the connector may be joined between the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate. Because a cross-sectional area of the connector of an elongated shape or a sheet-shaped connector is relatively small in a length direction, less heat can be conducted per unit time based on a heat conduction law, that is, a heat conduction speed is slow. In this way, because the length direction of the connector is usually a heat transfer direction, the cross-sectional area of the connector in this direction is generally less than a cross-sectional area of a connected part formed when the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are directly connected. A first connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the first heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the second heat dissipation substrate, and a second connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the second heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the first heat dissipation substrate. Generally, the cross-sectional area of the connector in a heat conduction direction of the connector should be less than an overlapped area of the first connection surface and the second connection surface. It should be noted that the shape of the connector is not limited to an elongated shape or a sheet shape, and may alternatively be another structural form having a relatively small cross-sectional area.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, an arrangement groove is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate and that corresponds to the connector, and the arrangement groove is used to avoid the connector.

In this embodiment, because the second end of the connector suspends on the outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate, to avoid interference between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate and further stably fasten the connector, the second heat dissipation substrate is provided with the arrangement groove. A size and a depth of the arrangement groove both match the connector, so that the second end of the connector can be placed in the arrangement groove to avoid interference between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate. In addition, a shape of the arrangement groove can fasten and position the connector in a direction parallel to the heat dissipation substrate.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, there are at least two connectors. When there are a plurality of connectors, the plurality of connectors may be symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first heat dissipation substrate, to strengthen stability of connection between the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the connector is provided with a first through hole, and a second through hole is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate and that corresponds to the first through hole. In this case, the fastener further includes a fastening screw, the fastening screw passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, the first heat dissipation substrate is located between a head portion of the fastening screw and the second heat dissipation substrate, and a tail portion of the fastening screw is securely connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, to connect the first heat dissipation substrate to the second heat dissipation substrate.

In this embodiment, because the fastening screw used to connect the connector to the second heat dissipation substrate implements fastening and connection by relying on a common threaded connection, a connection is relatively reliable. In addition, in a threaded connection, a through hole of the connector or the second heat dissipation substrate is generally in point contact with or is in line contact with a thread of the fastening screw, and a contact surface is relatively small. Therefore, this can further reduce a heat conduction speed of the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, and ensure heat insulation performance of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate.

Further, based on the foregoing embodiment, the fastener further includes an elastic member, and two ends of the elastic member respectively press between the head portion of the fastening screw and the first heat dissipation substrate, so that the first heat dissipation substrate is in contact with the packaged chip under an elastic force of the elastic member.

In this embodiment, the elastic member of the fastener can press against both the fastening screw and the first heat dissipation substrate. Because the fastening screw and the second heat dissipation substrate are securely connected, and maintain fixed relative positions, under the force of the elastic member, the first heat dissipation substrate is pressed to the second heat dissipation substrate under the force of the elastic member, to generate a movable effect. This can prevent the first heat dissipation substrate from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate, and the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate can keep being in contact with the packaged chip as much as possible. To be specific, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are coplanar.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate is connected to the second end of the connector by using heat insulation glue.

In this embodiment, the heat insulation glue is disposed between the second end of the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, to obstruct heat transfer between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, and further avoid heat transfer between the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In addition, in this embodiment, the second end of the connector may be soldered to the second heat dissipation substrate by using soldering tin, to implement fastening of the second end of the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the fastener includes: a first positioning stud and a second positioning stud; and
a bottom end of the first positioning stud is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, an axial direction of the first positioning stud is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies, the second positioning stud can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud, and the second end of the connector is fastened at a position at which the first positioning stud is screwed into the second positioning stud.

In this embodiment, a double-layer stud structure is used, a contact surface of the connector and the positioning stud is generally relatively small, and there is usually a gap. Therefore, a heat transfer speed and heat transfer efficiency of the connector and the positioning stud are both relatively low, and heat transfer to different heat dissipation substrates through the connector can be relatively desirably avoided.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, a perpendicular distance between the second end of the connector and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies is different from a perpendicular distance between the first end of the connector and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies.

In this embodiment, because the connector may be connected to the second heat dissipation substrate by using a structure such as a double-layer positioning stud, to avoid another connection structure, the second end and the first end of the connector may be generally located at positions away from the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies by different distances, so that the second end of the connector avoids the connection structure for fastening.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first end of the connector is connected to the second end of the connector by using a bending segment.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate is provided with a notch, at least a part of the first heat dissipation substrate is located in the notch, and an outer-edge shape of the part of the first heat dissipation substrate that is located in the notch matches a shape of the notch.

In this embodiment, because the second heat dissipation substrate is provided with the notch, at least the part of the first heat dissipation substrate can enter the notch, so that the position of the heat dissipation substrate can better correspond to positions of different chips in the packaged chip, and an overall area and an overall size of the heat dissipation substrate are reduced.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first heat dissipation substrate is completely located in the notch.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate encloses the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate and forms a closed shape.

In some embodiments of the first aspect, the heat sink further includes: a first heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation fin group is located on a surface that is of the first heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, the second heat dissipation fin group is located on a surface that is of the second heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, a cold air path is formed inside the second heat dissipation fin group, the second heat dissipation fin group is provided with second heat dissipation fins, the second heat dissipation fin is located on two sides of the cold air path, and the first heat dissipation fin group is located in the cold air path or on an extension line of the cold air path.

In this embodiment, each heat dissipation substrate of the heat sink is further connected to a heat dissipation fin group that dissipates heat for the heat dissipation substrate. The second heat dissipation fin group on the second heat dissipation substrate is provided with a cold air path passing through the entire second heat dissipation fin group, so that an external cooling airflow can be blown to the first heat dissipation fin group through the cold air path, and the first heat dissipation fin group and the second heat dissipation fin group both have relatively high heat dissipation efficiency.

In some implementations of the first aspect, third heat dissipation fins are further disposed in the cold air path, and a height of the third heat dissipation fin is less than a height of the second heat dissipation fin.

In this embodiment, the third heat dissipation fin can assist heat dissipation. In addition, because the height of the third heat dissipation fin is relatively low, it can still be ensured that cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path.

In some implementations of the first aspect, fourth heat dissipation fins are further disposed in the cold air path, and a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins.

In this embodiment, the fourth heat dissipation fin in the cold air path can assist heat dissipation of the second heat dissipation substrate. In addition, a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins, and it can still be ensured that cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path.

In some implementations of the first aspect, the heat sink further includes: a fifth heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate and a sixth heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate, and the fifth heat dissipation fin group and the sixth heat dissipation fin group are stacked on a surface that is of the heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface; and
the fifth heat dissipation fin group is located between the sixth heat dissipation fin group and the heat dissipation substrate, or the sixth heat dissipation fin group is located between the fifth heat dissipation fin group and the heat dissipation substrate.

In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fin groups respectively used to dissipate heat for the two heat dissipation substrates are stacked on the heat dissipation substrates from top to bottom, so that when an area of the heat dissipation substrate is relatively small and it is difficult to form an effective cold air path, height space above the heat dissipation substrate can be used to dispose the heat dissipation fin group, to ensure heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation substrate.

In some implementations of the first aspect, a semiconductor cooling chip is disposed on the heat conduction surface of the at least one heat dissipation substrate, and the semiconductor cooling chip is in contact with a corresponding chip in the packaged chip.

In this embodiment, the semiconductor cooling chip is disposed on the heat conduction surface of the heat dissipation substrate, so that a heat transfer speed of the heat conduction surface may be increased, and heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink may be improved by using a feature of electron mobility of a semiconductor. In addition, alternatively, a heat conduction speed of the heat conduction surface of the heat dissipation substrate may be increased by using a cooling chip of another principle.

In the first aspect, a heat conduction rate of a material that the connector is made of is less than a heat conduction rate of a material that the heat dissipation substrate is made of.

In this embodiment, because the heat conduction rate of the connector is less than the heat conduction rate of the heat dissipation substrate, a heat conduction speed of the connector is further reduced, and a heat insulation level of different heat dissipation substrates is improved.

According to a second aspect of this application, a heat sink is provided, including a heat dissipation substrate, where the heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on a circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on a surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and
the heat dissipation substrate includes a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have a heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first heat dissipation substrate is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate by using a connector, a heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the first heat dissipation sub-substrate, and the heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the second heat dissipation substrate.

In this embodiment, the plurality of heat dissipation substrates that dissipate heat for different chips are connected by using the connector having a relatively low heat conduction coefficient. Because less heat is conducted between the heat dissipation substrates, when temperatures of chips below heat dissipation sub-substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

In the second aspect, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are both in a same plane.

In some implementations of the second aspect, an arrangement groove is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate and that corresponds to the connector, and the arrangement groove is used to avoid the connector.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, there are at least two connectors. When there are a plurality of connectors, the plurality of connectors may be symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first heat dissipation substrate, to strengthen stability of connection between the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the connector is provided with a first through hole, and a second through hole is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate and that corresponds to the first through hole. In this case, the fastener further includes a fastening screw, the fastening screw passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, the first heat dissipation substrate is located between a head portion of the fastening screw and the second heat dissipation substrate, and a tail portion of the fastening screw is securely connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, to connect the first heat dissipation substrate to the second heat dissipation substrate.

In this embodiment, the elastic member of the fastener can press against both the fastening screw and the first heat dissipation substrate. Because the fastening screw and the second heat dissipation substrate are securely connected, and maintain fixed relative positions, under the force of the elastic member, the first heat dissipation substrate is pressed to the second heat dissipation substrate under the force of the elastic member, to generate a floating effect. This can prevent the first heat dissipation substrate from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate, and the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate can keep being in contact with the packaged chip as much as possible. To be specific, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate are coplanar.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate is connected to the connector by using heat insulation glue.

In this embodiment, the heat insulation glue is disposed between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, to obstruct heat transfer between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, and further avoid heat transfer between the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In addition, in this embodiment, the connector may be soldered to the second heat dissipation substrate by using soldering tin, to implement fastening of the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the heat sink includes: a first positioning stud and a second positioning stud; and
a bottom end of the first positioning stud is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, an axial direction of the first positioning stud is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies, the second positioning stud can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud, the first end of the connector is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate, and the second end of the connector is fastened at a position at which the first positioning stud is screwed into the second positioning stud.

In this embodiment, a double-layer stud structure is used, the second end of the connector is fastened between the first positioning stud and the second positioning stud, and the first positioning stud is fastened on the second heat dissipation substrate. In this way, a connection between the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate is indirectly implemented by using the stud. A contact surface of the connector and the positioning stud is generally relatively small, and there is usually a gap. Therefore, a heat transfer speed and heat transfer efficiency of the connector and the positioning stud are both relatively low, and heat transfer to different heat dissipation substrates through the connector can be relatively desirably avoided.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, a perpendicular distance between the second end of the connector and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies is different from a perpendicular distance between the first end of the connector and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the first end of the connector is connected to the second end of the connector by using a bending segment.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate is provided with a notch, at least a part of the first heat dissipation substrate is located in the notch, and an outer-edge shape of the part of the first heat dissipation substrate that is located in the notch matches a shape of the notch.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the first heat dissipation substrate is completely located in the notch.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the second heat dissipation substrate encloses the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate and forms a closed shape.

In some embodiments of the second aspect, the heat sink further includes: a first heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation fin group is located on a surface that is of the first heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, the second heat dissipation fin group is located on a surface that is of the second heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, a cold air path is formed inside the second heat dissipation fin group, the second heat dissipation fin group is provided with second heat dissipation fins, the second heat dissipation fin is located on two sides of the cold air path, and the first heat dissipation fin group is located in the cold air path or on an extension line of the cold air path.

In some implementations of the second aspect, third heat dissipation fins are further disposed in the cold air path, and a height of the third heat dissipation fin is less than a height of the second heat dissipation fin.

In this embodiment, because the cold air path has the third heat dissipation fin having a relatively low height, the third heat dissipation fin can assist heat dissipation, and heat dissipation efficiency on the second heat dissipation substrate is ensured. In addition, because the height of the third heat dissipation fin is relatively low, it can still be ensured that cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path.

In some implementations of the second aspect, fourth heat dissipation fins are further disposed in the cold air path, and a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins.

In some implementations of the second aspect, the heat sink further includes: a fifth heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate and a sixth heat dissipation fin group used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate, and the fifth heat dissipation fin group and the sixth heat dissipation fin group are stacked on a surface that is of the heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface; and
the fifth heat dissipation fin group is located between the sixth heat dissipation fin group and the heat dissipation substrate, or the sixth heat dissipation fin group is located between the fifth heat dissipation fin group and the heat dissipation substrate.

In some implementations of the second aspect, a semiconductor cooling chip is disposed on the heat conduction surface of the at least one heat dissipation substrate, and the semiconductor cooling chip is in contact with a corresponding chip in the packaged chip.

According to a third aspect of this application, a heat dissipation apparatus is provided, including at least two heat sinks according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect and at least one heat pipe, where.

In this embodiment, different heat sinks are connected by using the at least one heat pipe, and heat of a packaged chip that is in a working and heat emitting state may be transferred, by using the connection between the heat sink and the heat pipe, to a heat sink corresponding to a packaged chip that does not work or does not emit heat, to more effectively facilitate temperature reduction of different packaged chips.

According to a fourth aspect of this application, a heat dissipation system is provided, including: at least one heat sink according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect and at least one packaged chip, where each heat sink corresponds to a packaged chip; and
the heat sink is used to dissipate heat for the packaged chip.

In this embodiment, each packaged chip is provided with a heat sink, different heat dissipation substrates of the heat sink may dissipate heat for different chips in the packaged chip, so that when heat of the chips in the packaged chip is different, heat of each chip is independently and effectively dissipated, to ensure normal working and a service life of each chip in the packaged chip.

According to a fifth aspect of this application, a communications device is provided, including at least one heat sink according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect, at least one packaged chip, and at least one circuit board, where.

In this embodiment, a packaged chip on the circuit board in the communications device is provided with a heat sink, different heat dissipation substrates of the heat sink may dissipate heat for different chips in the packaged chip, so that when heat of the chips in the packaged chip is different, heat of each chip is independently and effectively dissipated, to ensure normal working and a service life of each chip in the packaged chip.

This application provides the heat sink, the heat dissipation apparatus, the heat dissipation system, and the communications device. The heat sink includes: the heat dissipation substrate, the connector, and the fastener, where the heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on the circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on the surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and the heat dissipation substrate includes the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have the heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first end of the connector is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate, the second end of the connector suspends on the outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate, and the fastener presses against the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate, to prevent the first heat dissipation substrate from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate. When temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

A chip may include various electronic circuit components, and may be used to construct an electronic product, for example, a computer or a mobile terminal.

As science and technologies advance, light weights and small sizes already become development trends of electronic products. Therefore, a size of chip package in electronic products also should be reduced. A multi-chip package body technology enabling chips having different functions to be packaged in a same package body conforms to the development trends of electronic products because a high capacity and a multi-function operation are implemented in a single packaged product. For example, a system in package (System in Package, SIP for short) technology can enable a plurality of chips having different functions to be disposed on a same substrate, thereby effectively packaging the plurality of chips into a package body having a small size. For example, a microprocessor, a memory (for example, an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM for short) and a dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM for short)), a field-programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short), a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor may be combined in a package body accommodating up to four or five bare dies.

In development towards electronic products having light weights and small sizes, working reliability of devices in electronic products is also a problem that needs to be paid attention to.

Because working temperatures of chips are different during normal working, if neighboring chips in the packaged chip (a plurality of chips are packaged in one package body) obtained by system in package transfer heat, and to be specific, heat emitted by a chip having a relatively high temperature transfers to a chip having a relatively low temperature, a temperature of the chip having the relatively low temperature is higher than a temperature of the chip during normal working. As a result, a service life of the chip having the relatively low temperature is reduced, and a service life of an electronic product is reduced.

A heat dissipation apparatus in the prior art includes a heat dissipation substrate and a heat dissipation fin provided on the heat dissipation substrate. During use, the heat dissipation apparatus is fastened above a package body of chips, so that the heat dissipation substrate of the heat dissipation apparatus is in contact with a surface of the package body of the chips, heat emitted by the chips transfers to the heat dissipation fin, and the heat dissipation fin finally dissipates the heat. However, heat emitted by each chip in the same package body cannot be effectively dissipated simultaneously, and the heat dissipation substrate transfers heat emitted by a chip having a relatively high temperature to a chip having a relatively low temperature. As a result, a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature is reduced, and a service life of an electronic product is reduced.

In this application, a heat dissipation substrate of a heat dissipation apparatus is divided into different heat dissipation sub-substrates, each sub-substrate corresponds to one chip in a packaged chip and is configured to dissipate heat for the chip, and sub-substrates do not conduct heat, so that heat generated by a chip having a relatively high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a relatively low temperature. Therefore, a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature is effectively increased, and a service life of an electronic product is increased.

This application is applied to a device such as a packaged chip obtained by packaging a plurality of different chips into a same package body.

Specific embodiments are used below to describe in detail the technical solutions of this application. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and a same or similar concept or process may not be described repeatedly in some embodiments.

<FIG> is an outline diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. <FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. <FIG> is a specific schematic structural diagram of a first heat dissipation substrate of the heat sink shown in <FIG>. <FIG> is a specific schematic structural diagram of a second heat dissipation substrate of the heat sink shown in <FIG>. As shown in <FIG>, the heat sink in the embodiments may include a heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, a connector <NUM>, and a fastener <NUM>, where.

That a surface of the heat dissipation substrate is in contact with a corresponding chip in the packaged chip may be: each heat dissipation substrate corresponds to one chip in the packaged chip or may correspond to a plurality of chips in the packaged chip. In an implementable manner, when each heat dissipation substrate corresponds to a plurality of chips in the packaged chip, emitted heat and heat dissipation requirements of the plurality of chips corresponding to each heat dissipation substrate are similar or the same.

In an implementable manner of this application, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are both in a same plane. Because surfaces that are of chips in the packaged chip and that are away from the circuit board are all in the same plane, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are both in the same plane. Therefore, this can ensure that the heat conduction surfaces of the heat dissipation substrates <NUM> all are in contact with each chip in the packaged chip, and avoid that the heat dissipation substrates <NUM> are undesirably in contact with the packaged chip and a single heat dissipation substrate is not in contact with a packaged chip.

In an implementable manner of this application, the connector <NUM> is of an elongated shape. When the connector <NUM> is of an elongated shape, the connector <NUM> may be joined between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. Because a cross-sectional area of a connector <NUM> of an elongated shape is relatively small in a length direction, less heat can be conducted per unit time based on a heat conduction law, that is, a heat conduction speed is slow. In this way, because the length direction of the connector <NUM> is usually a heat transfer direction, the cross-sectional area of the connector <NUM> in this direction is generally less than a cross-sectional area of a connected part formed when the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are directly connected. A first connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and a second connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. Generally, the cross-sectional area of the connector <NUM> in a heat conduction direction of the connector should be less than an overlapped area of the first connection surface and the second connection surface.

In another implementable manner of this application, the connector <NUM> is sheet-shaped. The sheet-shaped connector <NUM> also has a relatively small cross-sectional area, and can effectively reduce a heat conduction speed of the connector <NUM>, thereby obstructing a process of transferring heat between different heat dissipation substrates. In addition, the sheet-shaped connector <NUM> may have a relatively large width while having a relatively small cross-sectional area, to facilitate a connection to a fastening structure such as the fastener <NUM>.

It should be noted that the shape of the connector is not limited to an elongated shape or a sheet shape, and may alternatively be another structural form such as a hollow structure having a relatively small cross-sectional area.

In an implementable manner of this application, an arrangement groove <NUM> is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that corresponds to the connector <NUM>, and the arrangement groove <NUM> is used to avoid the connector <NUM>.

Because the second end of the connector <NUM> suspends on the outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> when the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, if the connector <NUM> is directly connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, a structure of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may be interfered. <FIG> is a schematic diagram of connection and fastening of a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, to avoid interference between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> while reducing a distance between neighboring heat dissipation substrates as much as possible, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> needs to be provided with the arrangement groove <NUM>. A size and a depth of the arrangement groove <NUM> both match the connector <NUM>, so that the second end of the connector <NUM> can be placed in the arrangement groove <NUM> to avoid interference between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In addition, a shape of the arrangement groove <NUM> can fasten and position the connector in a direction parallel to the heat dissipation substrate.

In an implementable manner of this application, there are at least two connectors <NUM>. When there are two or more connectors <NUM>, the plurality of connectors may be symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first heat dissipation substrate, to strengthen stability of connection between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In this embodiment, four connectors <NUM> are specifically disposed, and the four connectors are separately connected on two sides of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. This disposing manner can effectively ensure fastening of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

To implement fastening of the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and avoid disconnection of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> from the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the fastener <NUM> may have a plurality of different forms. In an implementable manner of this application, the connector <NUM> is provided with a first through hole, and a second through hole is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that corresponds to the first through hole. In this case, the fastener <NUM> further includes a fastening screw <NUM>, the fastening screw <NUM> passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located between a head portion of the fastening screw <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and a tail portion of the fastening screw <NUM> is securely connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to connect the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Because there are a plurality of connectors <NUM>, there may also be a plurality of fastening screws <NUM>. A quantity of fastening screws <NUM> may be less than a quantity of connectors <NUM> as long as it is ensured that the fastening screws <NUM> can fasten the connectors <NUM>. In this way, the quantity of the fastening screws <NUM> can be reduced, and it is avoided that disposing of another component is affected because the fastening screws <NUM> occupy excessive space.

In an actual application, the fastening screw <NUM> may be further replaced with a fastener such as a bolt, and the first through hole and the second through hole may be threaded holes or holes without threads.

When at least one of the first through hole and the second through hole is a hole without a thread, the fastener <NUM> further includes a nut, and the connector is securely connected to the heat dissipation substrate by using cooperation between a screw and the nut.

Because the fastening screw <NUM> used to connect the connector <NUM> to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> implements fastening and connection by relying on a common threaded connection, a connection is relatively reliable. In addition, when the connector <NUM> implements a threaded connection by using the fastening screw <NUM>, the fastening screw <NUM> passes through the through holes on the two different heat dissipation substrates. The first through hole of the connector <NUM> or the second through hole on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is generally in point contact with or is in line contact with a thread of the fastening screw <NUM>, and a contact surface is relatively small. Therefore, this can further reduce a heat conduction speed of the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and ensure heat insulation performance of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Based on the foregoing implementable manner, the fastener <NUM> may further include an elastic member <NUM>, and two ends of the elastic member <NUM> respectively press between the head portion of the fastening screw <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, so that the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is in contact with the packaged chip under an elastic force of the elastic member <NUM>. Specifically, the elastic member <NUM> may be a conventional elastic element such as a spring, and when the elastic member <NUM> is a spring, the spring may be sleeved on the fastening screw <NUM>. A fastening manner thereof is relatively simple.

The elastic member <NUM> of the fastener <NUM> can press against both the fastening screw <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In addition, the fastening screw <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are securely connected, and maintain fixed relative positions. Therefore, under the force of the elastic member <NUM>, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is pressed to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> under the force of the elastic member <NUM>, to generate a floating effect. This can prevent the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> can keep being in contact with the packaged chip as much as possible. To be specific, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are coplanar.

In an implementable manner of this application, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is connected to the second end of the connector <NUM> by using heat insulation glue. Because the heat insulation glue is in a flowable state before solidifying, the heat insulation glue may be provided between the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second end of the connector <NUM> in a manner such as coating, and usage of the heat insulation glue may be freely set based on an actual requirement. In this way, the heat insulation glue is disposed between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to obstruct heat transfer between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and further avoid heat transfer between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. It should be noted that the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may alternatively be glued to the second end of the connector <NUM> by using another adhesive, to ensure a fastening effect of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second end of the connector <NUM>.

In addition, the second end of the connector <NUM> may be soldered to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> in another fastening manner such as by using soldering tin, to implement fastening of the second end of the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. Because soldering tin has relatively high connection strength, soldering tin can effectively fasten the connector when being used for soldering and connection.

When the heat sink dissipates heat for the packaged chip, a structure of the packaged chip is relatively compact, and different chips have a plurality of possible positions in the packaged chip. Therefore, correspondingly, relative positions and structures of the heat dissipation substrates are also relatively diverse to adapt to heat dissipation requirements of different chips. For example, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may be provided in parallel with each other and do not interfere each other. Alternatively, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may be provided with a notch, at least a part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located in the notch, and an outer-edge shape of the part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> that is located in the notch matches a shape of the notch. Generally, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may be completely located in the notch of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. <FIG> is a diagram <NUM> of relative locations of a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. <FIG> is a diagram <NUM> of relative locations of a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. <FIG> is a diagram <NUM> of relative locations of a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is approximately a rectangular substrate, the edge of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is provided with a notch, and at least the part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> or the entire first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is completely located in the notch. The outer-edge shape of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> matches the shape of the notch, and both are rectangles in the figures, so that the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> combine to form a large rectangle.

Because at least the part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is inserted into the notch of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the structure formed by the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is relatively compact, and a distance between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is relatively small. In this way, space can be effectively used, and when an area of the surface of the packaged chip is relatively small, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> can correspondingly be in contact with each chip in the packaged chip accurately.

It should be noted that regardless of a manner in which the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are arranged, it needs to be ensured that the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are in a same plane, to ensure desirable contact with the packaged chip, and avoid that heat dissipation efficiency is affected because the heat dissipation substrate is not in contact with a surface of a corresponding chip in the packaged chip.

In an implementable manner of this application, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may alternatively have an included relationship in the same plane. <FIG> is a diagram <NUM> of relative locations of a first heat dissipation sub-substrate and a second heat dissipation sub-substrate according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> may enclose the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and form a closed shape. This disposing manner is applied to a case in which positions of some chips in the packaged chip are relatively close to the center.

To conduct heat of the heat dissipation substrate to another place to achieve a better heat dissipation effect, the heat sink is provided with the heat dissipation fin connected to the heat dissipation substrate. The heat dissipation fin has a relatively large heat dissipation area, and can dissipate, by using an external cooling airflow, heat gathered on the heat dissipation fin.

During using, if heat dissipation fins of different heat dissipation substrates are connected to each other, for example, the heat dissipation fin of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is connected to the heat dissipation fin of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and heat gathered on the heat dissipation fin of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is higher than heat of the heat dissipation fin of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the heat dissipation fin of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> transfers heat to the heat dissipation fin of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, so that a temperature of the heat dissipation fin of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> increases, and heat dissipation of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> for the chip is affected. When a temperature of a chip continuously increases because of insufficient heat dissipation, normal working of the chip and a service life of the chip are affected.

To resolve the foregoing problem, the heat sink includes: a first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on a surface that is of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on a surface that is of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, a cold air path 142a is formed inside the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM>, the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is provided with second heat dissipation fins, the second heat dissipation fin is located on two sides of the cold air path 142a, and the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on the cold air path 142a or an extension line of the cold air path 142a.

Based on different relative positions of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> may be located on the cold air path 142a in the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> or an extension line at two ends of the cold air path 142a.

Specifically, each heat dissipation substrate of the heat sink is further connected to a heat dissipation fin group for dissipating heat for the heat dissipation substrate. When the heat dissipation fin group dissipates heat for the heat dissipation substrate, a cooling airflow may be blown into the heat dissipation fin group. The cooling airflow may be generated by an external air deflection structure, or may be generated by an active heat dissipation device such as a fan. <FIG> is a schematic structural diagram <NUM> of a heat dissipation fin group according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, an airflow used to dissipate heat is generally blown from the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> to the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In this case, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located downstream on an air channel, and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located upstream on the air channel, as shown in <FIG>. To enable the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> to be in contact with a cooling airflow, the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is provided with a cold air path 142a passing through the entire second heat dissipation fin group <NUM>, so that an external cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path 142a and is blown to the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM>. Because both the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> can be in contact with a cooling airflow, heat gathered on the heat dissipation fin groups can all be effectively dissipated, so that the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> both have relatively high heat dissipation efficiency, to avoid that heat on the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> or the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> cannot be dissipated in time and damages the packaged chip.

It should be noted that a specific shape and a specific structure of a single heat dissipation fin in each heat dissipation fin group may both be freely set, and this is not limited herein.

It should be noted that to achieve a better effect, an arrangement direction of the heat dissipation fin may be set to be the same as a direction from which cold air is blown in.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram <NUM> of a heat dissipation fin group according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. In a possible implementation, to improve heat dissipation efficiency of a heat dissipation substrate, a third heat dissipation fin <NUM> is further disposed in the cold air path 142a in the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM>, and a height of the third heat dissipation fin <NUM> is less than a height of the second heat dissipation fin, as shown in <FIG>. Because the cold air path has the third heat dissipation fin <NUM> having a relatively low height, the third heat dissipation fin can assist heat dissipation of the heat dissipation substrate, and heat dissipation efficiency on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is ensured. In addition, because the height of the third heat dissipation fin <NUM> is relatively low, it can still be ensured that cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path 142a.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram <NUM> of a heat dissipation fin group according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. In another possible implementation, fourth heat dissipation fins are further disposed in the cold air path <NUM>, and a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM> is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins, as shown in <FIG>. Similar to the third heat dissipation fin <NUM>, the fourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> in the cold air path 142a can increase a heat dissipation area of the entire second heat dissipation fin group <NUM>, to assist heat dissipation of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In addition, because a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM> is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins, a relatively large notch exists between the fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM>. Therefore, it can still be ensured that a cooling airflow can pass through the cold air path 142a to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM>.

When the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> have relatively small areas, space for accommodating the heat dissipation fin groups is limited, and the heat dissipation fin groups may alternatively be stacked when being disposed. <FIG> is a schematic structural diagram <NUM> of a heat dissipation fin group according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the heat sink further includes: a fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> are stacked on a surface that is of the heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface.

The fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> may be located between the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the heat dissipation substrate, or the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> may be located between the fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the heat dissipation substrate. In this way, the two heat dissipation fin groups are stacked from top to bottom in a direction perpendicular to the heat conduction surface. Therefore, each heat dissipation fin group may have a relatively large area, and is distributed on the entire heat dissipation substrate. A heat dissipation fin group relatively far away from the heat dissipation substrate may transfer heat with the heat dissipation substrate in a manner such as by using a heat pipe, to ensure heat dissipation of the heat dissipation substrate. Therefore, the heat dissipation fin groups respectively used to dissipate heat for the two heat dissipation substrates are stacked on the heat dissipation substrates from top to bottom, so that when an area of the heat dissipation substrate is relatively small and it is difficult to form an effective cold air path, height space above the heat dissipation substrate can be used to dispose the heat dissipation fin group, to ensure heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation substrate.

Based on the foregoing embodiments, to further improve heat dissipation efficiency, a semiconductor cooling chip may be further disposed on the heat conduction surface of the at least one heat dissipation substrate, and the semiconductor cooling chip is in contact with a corresponding chip in the packaged chip. The semiconductor cooling chip is disposed on the heat conduction surface of the heat dissipation substrate, so that a heat transfer speed of the heat conduction surface may be increased, and heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink may be improved by using a feature of electron mobility of a semiconductor. Therefore, heat dissipation of each chip in the packaged chip is facilitated, working of a chip is protected, and a service life of a chip is increased.

In this case, a semiconductor cooling chip may be disposed on heat conduction surfaces of some heat dissipation substrates, or a semiconductor cooling chip may be disposed on heat conduction surfaces of all heat dissipation substrates. A disposing manner and a quantity of semiconductor cooling chips may be freely set based on a specific heat dissipation requirement.

In addition, another type of thermoelectric cooler may alternatively be used to replace the semiconductor cooling chip, and a method for using the thermoelectric cooler is the same as that in the prior art.

In addition, a heat conduction rate and heat conduction efficiency of the different heat dissipation substrates may be further reduced, and a heat insulation effect of the heat dissipation substrates is improved by selecting a material of the connector. A heat conduction rate of a material that the connector is made of is less than a heat conduction rate of a material that the heat dissipation substrate is made of.

Specifically, a material such as stainless steel or zinc alloy having a low heat conduction coefficient is selected for the connector. Compared with a material that the heat dissipation substrate is made of, a heat conduction speed of the selected material is relatively slow, and heat transfer between the different heat dissipation substrates may be further obstructed, so that a heat dissipation process of each chip is more independent, and it is avoided that a chip in the packaged chip that emits more heat interferes normal heat dissipation of a chip that emits less heat.

In this embodiment, the heat sink includes the heat dissipation substrate, the connector, and the fastener. The heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on the circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on the surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and the heat dissipation substrate includes the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have the heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first end of the connector is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate, the second end of the connector suspends on an outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate, and the fastener presses against the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate, to prevent the first heat dissipation substrate from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate. When temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. In this embodiment, when heat of different chips in the packaged chip is dissipated, heat transfer between the different heat dissipation substrates may further be obstructed by using a material having a low heat conduction coefficient. As shown in <FIG>, the heat sink includes a heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. The heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip on a circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on a surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board.

The heat dissipation substrate <NUM> includes a first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> each have a heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using a connector <NUM>, a heat conduction coefficient of the connector <NUM> is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the first heat dissipation sub-substrate <NUM>, and the heat conduction coefficient of the connector <NUM> is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

In the heat sink, a plurality of heat dissipation substrates that dissipate heat for different chips are connected by using the connector <NUM> having a relatively low heat conduction coefficient. Because the heat conduction coefficient of the connector <NUM> configured to connect two neighboring heat dissipation substrates is less than that of the connected heat dissipation substrate, less heat is transferred between the neighboring heat dissipation substrates. When temperatures of chips below each heat dissipation sub-substrate are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of the chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service lives of the packaged chip and an entire electronic product.

Specifically, a material such as stainless steel or zinc alloy having a low heat conduction coefficient is selected for the connector <NUM>. Compared with a material that the heat dissipation substrate is made of, a heat conduction speed of the selected material is relatively slow, and heat transfer between the different heat dissipation substrates may be further obstructed, so that a heat dissipation process of each chip is more independent, and it is avoided that a chip in the packaged chip that emits more heat interferes normal heat dissipation of a chip that emits less heat.

In an implementable manner of this application, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are both in a same plane. Because surfaces that are of chips in the packaged chip and that are away from the circuit board are all in the same plane, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are both in the same plane. Therefore, this can ensure that the heat conduction surfaces of the heat dissipation substrates all are in contact with each chip in the packaged chip, and avoid that the heat dissipation substrates are undesirably in contact with the packaged chip.

Optionally, to further reduce heat passing through the connector <NUM>, a cross-sectional area of the connector <NUM> in a heat transfer direction is generally less than a cross-sectional area of a connected part formed when the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are directly connected. A first connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and a second connection surface may be defined as a surface that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. The cross-sectional area of the connector <NUM> in a heat conduction direction of the connector <NUM> should be less than an overlapped area of the first connection surface and the second connection surface. Generally, the connector <NUM> may be of an elongated shape or sheet-shaped, and is joined between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. It should be noted that the shape of the connector <NUM> is not limited to an elongated shape or a sheet shape, and may alternatively be another structural form having a relatively small cross-sectional area.

In an implementable manner of this application, an arrangement groove <NUM> is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that corresponds to the connector <NUM>, and the arrangement groove <NUM> is used to avoid the connector <NUM>. In this way, because the connector <NUM> is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to avoid interference between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and further stably fasten the connector <NUM>, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is provided with the arrangement groove <NUM>. A size and a depth of the arrangement groove <NUM> both match the connector <NUM>, so that the connector <NUM> can be placed in the arrangement groove <NUM> to avoid interference between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In addition, a shape of the arrangement groove <NUM> can fasten and position the connector <NUM> in a direction parallel to the heat dissipation substrate.

In an implementable manner of this application, there are at least two connectors <NUM>. When there are a plurality of connectors <NUM>, the plurality of connectors may be symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to strengthen stability of connection between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Optionally, the connector <NUM> may be directly soldered to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using soldering tin, to implement fastening of the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate. Specifically, when the soldering tin is used for soldering, a material of the connector <NUM> usually may be a metal material such as stainless steel or zinc alloy that can combine with the soldering tin. In addition, the connector <NUM> may alternatively be glued to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using an adhesive, to implement fastening of the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

When the connector <NUM> is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using soldering tin or an adhesive, the entire heat sink is not detached easily. To implement detachable design of the heat sink, in another implementable manner, the connector <NUM> may be securely connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using a structure such as a fastening screw. <FIG> is another schematic structural diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the connector <NUM> is provided with a first through hole, and a second through hole is provided at a position that is on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that corresponds to the first through hole. In this case, the heat sink further includes a fastening screw <NUM>, the fastening screw <NUM> passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located between a head portion of the fastening screw <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and a tail portion of the fastening screw <NUM> is securely connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to connect the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Because the fastening screw <NUM> used to connect the connector <NUM> to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> implements fastening and connection by relying on a common threaded connection, a connection is relatively reliable. In addition, in a threaded connection, a through hole of the connector <NUM> or the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is generally in point contact with or is in line contact with a thread of the fastening screw <NUM>, and a contact surface is relatively small. Therefore, this can further reduce a heat conduction speed of the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and ensure heat insulation performance of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Further, based on the foregoing embodiment, the heat sink further includes an elastic member <NUM>, and two ends of the elastic member <NUM> respectively press between the head portion of the fastening screw <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, so that the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is in contact with the packaged chip under an elastic force of the elastic member <NUM>.

Because the elastic member <NUM> can press against both the fastening screw <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the fastening screw <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are securely connected, and maintain fixed relative positions, under the force of the elastic member <NUM>, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is pressed to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> under the force of the elastic member <NUM>, to generate a floating effect. This can prevent the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> can keep being in contact with the packaged chip as much as possible. To be specific, the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> are coplanar.

In an implementable manner of this application, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is connected to the connector <NUM> by using heat insulation glue. The heat insulation glue is disposed between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, to obstruct heat transfer between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and further avoid heat transfer between the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

In addition, in this embodiment, a relationship of relative positions of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is similar to that in Embodiment <NUM>. In an implementable manner of this application, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is provided with a notch. At least a part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is located in the notch, and an outer-edge shape of the part of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> that is located in the notch matches a shape of the notch, as shown in <FIG>.

In an implementable manner of this application, the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is completely located in the notch.

In an implementable manner of this application, the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> encloses the outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and forms a closed shape, as shown in <FIG>.

In an implementable manner of this application, the heat sink further includes: a first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on a surface that is of the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on a surface that is of the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface, a cold air path 142a is formed inside the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM>, the second heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is provided with second heat dissipation fins, the second heat dissipation fin is located on two sides of the cold air path 142a, and the first heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located on the cold air path 142a or an extension line of the cold air path 142a, as shown in <FIG>.

Optionally, a third heat dissipation fin <NUM> is further disposed in the cold air path 142a, and a height of the third heat dissipation fin <NUM> is less than a height of the second heat dissipation fin, as shown in <FIG>.

Optionally, a fourth heat dissipation fin <NUM> is further disposed in the cold air path 142a, and a density of the fourth heat dissipation fins <NUM> is less than a density of the second heat dissipation fins, as shown in <FIG>.

Optionally, the heat sink further includes: a fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> used to dissipate heat for the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> are stacked on a surface that is of the heat dissipation substrate and that is opposite to the heat conduction surface.

The fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located between the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the heat dissipation substrate, or the sixth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> is located between the fifth heat dissipation fin group <NUM> and the heat dissipation substrate, as specifically shown in <FIG>.

Optionally, a semiconductor cooling chip is disposed on the heat conduction surface of the at least one heat dissipation substrate, and the semiconductor cooling chip is in contact with a corresponding chip in the packaged chip.

In this embodiment, the heat sink includes the heat dissipation substrate. The heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on the circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on the surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and the heat dissipation substrate includes the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have the heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first heat dissipation substrate is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate by using the connector, the heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than the heat conduction coefficient of the first heat dissipation sub-substrate, and the heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than the heat conduction coefficient of the second heat dissipation substrate. In this way, because neighboring heat dissipation substrates are connected by using the connector having a relatively low heat conduction coefficient, when temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. An overall structure of the heat sink in this embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment <NUM>. A difference lies in that the fastening screw is not selected as the fastener configured to fasten the connector and the second heat dissipation substrate, and instead a double-layer stud structure is used. Specifically, as shown in <FIG>, the fastener <NUM> includes: a first positioning stud 333a and a second positioning stud 333b; and a bottom end of the first positioning stud 333a is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, an axial direction of the first positioning stud 333a is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies, the second positioning stud 333b can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud 333a, and the second end of the connector <NUM> is fastened at a screwed position of the first positioning stud 333a and the second positioning stud 333b.

A double-layer stud structure is used, the second end of the connector <NUM> is fastened between the first positioning stud 333a and the second positioning stud 333b, and the first positioning stud 333a is fastened on the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>. In this way, a connection between the connector <NUM> and the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> is indirectly implemented by using the stud. A contact surface of the connector <NUM> and the positioning stud is generally relatively small, and there is usually a gap. Therefore, a heat transfer speed and heat transfer efficiency of the connector <NUM> and the positioning stud are both relatively low, and heat transfer to different heat dissipation substrates through the connector can be relatively desirably avoided.

In an implementable manner of this application, a perpendicular distance between the second end of the connector <NUM> and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies is different from a perpendicular distance between the first end of the connector <NUM> and the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies.

Specifically, because the connector <NUM> may be connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using a structure such as a double-layer positioning stud, to avoid another connection structure, the second end and the first end of the connector <NUM> may generally located at positions away from the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies by different distances, so that the second end of the connector <NUM> avoids the connection structure for fastening.

Because heights of the second end and the first end of the connector <NUM> are different, the first end of the connector <NUM> may be connected to the second end of the connector <NUM> by using a bending segment. In addition, the connector <NUM> may alternatively be a structure such as an arc that may satisfy a requirement that two ends have a height difference.

In this embodiment, the heat sink includes the heat dissipation substrate, the connector, and the fastener. The heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on the circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on the surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and the heat dissipation substrate includes the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have a heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first end of the connector is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate, the second end of the connector suspends on an outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate, and the fastener presses against an outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate, to prevent the first heat dissipation substrate from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate. The fastener includes: a first positioning stud and a second positioning stud; and a bottom end of the first positioning stud is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, an axial direction of the first positioning stud is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies, the second positioning stud can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud, and the second end of the connector is fastened at a position at which the first positioning stud is screwed into the second positioning stud. When temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. An overall structure and a working principle of the heat sink in this embodiment are similar to that in Embodiment <NUM>. A difference lies in that when the connector is detachably connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, a double-layer stud structure similar to that in Embodiment <NUM> is used. Specifically, as shown in <FIG>, the heat sink includes: a first positioning stud 333a and a second positioning stud 333b. A bottom end of the first positioning stud 333a is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, an axial direction of the first positioning stud 333a is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies, the second positioning stud 333b can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud 333a, the first end of the connector <NUM> is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate <NUM>, and the second end of the connector <NUM> is fastened at a screwed position of the first positioning stud 333a and the second positioning stud 333b.

Because the connector <NUM> may be connected to the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> by using a structure such as a double-layer positioning stud, to avoid another connection structure, the second end and the first end of the connector <NUM> may generally located at positions away from the plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate <NUM> lies by different distances, so that the second end of the connector <NUM> avoids the connection structure for fastening.

In an implementable manner of this application, the first end of the connector <NUM> is connected to the second end of the connector <NUM> by using a bending segment. In addition, the connector <NUM> may alternatively be a structure such as an arc that may satisfy a requirement that two ends have a height difference.

In this embodiment, the heat sink includes the heat dissipation substrate. The heat dissipation substrate is configured to dissipate heat for a packaged chip located on a circuit board, and the heat dissipation substrate is located on a surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board; and the heat dissipation substrate includes a first heat dissipation substrate and a second heat dissipation substrate, the first heat dissipation substrate and the second heat dissipation substrate each have a heat conduction surface that conducts heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces correspond to different chips, the first heat dissipation substrate is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate by using a connector, a heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the first heat dissipation sub-substrate, and the heat conduction coefficient of the connector is less than a heat conduction coefficient of the second heat dissipation substrate. The fastener includes: a first positioning stud and a second positioning stud; and a bottom end of the first positioning stud is connected to the second heat dissipation substrate, an axial direction of the first positioning stud is perpendicular to a plane in which the second heat dissipation substrate lies, the second positioning stud can be screwed into a top end of the first positioning stud, and the second end of the connector is fastened at a position at which the first positioning stud is screwed into the second positioning stud. In this way, because neighboring heat dissipation substrates are connected by using the connector having a relatively low heat conduction coefficient, when temperatures of chips below heat dissipation substrates are different, heat emitted by each chip does not transfer to another chip by using the heat dissipation substrate. To be specific, in a process of using the heat sink, heat emitted by a chip having a high temperature does not transfer to a chip having a low temperature, thereby effectively increasing a service life of a chip having a relatively low temperature, and increasing a service life of an electronic product.

In addition, an embodiment of this application further provides a heat dissipation apparatus, including at least two heat sinks according to any one of Embodiment <NUM> or Embodiment <NUM> and at least one heat pipe, where.

<FIG> is a specific schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation apparatus according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the heat dissipation apparatus provided in this embodiment is configured to dissipate heat for a first packaged chip <NUM> and a second packaged chip <NUM>. The heat dissipation apparatus provided in this embodiment specifically includes: a first heat sink <NUM>, a second heat sink <NUM>, and a heat pipe <NUM>. The first heat sink <NUM> is located above the first packaged chip <NUM>, and is configured to dissipate heat for the first packaged chip <NUM>. The second heat sink <NUM> is located above the second packaged chip <NUM>, and is configured to dissipate heat for the second packaged chip <NUM>. The heat pipe <NUM> is connected between the first heat sink <NUM> and the second heat sink <NUM>. The first heat sink <NUM> includes a heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a heat dissipation fin <NUM> provided on the heat dissipation substrate <NUM>; and the second heat sink <NUM> includes a heat dissipation substrate <NUM> and a heat dissipation fin <NUM> provided on the heat dissipation substrate <NUM>.

Assuming that the first packaged chip <NUM> is in a heat emitting state, and the second packaged chip <NUM> does not emit heat, the heat pipe <NUM> may transfer heat of the first heat sink <NUM> to the second heat sink <NUM>, so that the second heat sink <NUM> assists heat dissipation of the first packaged chip <NUM>. The second packaged chip <NUM> is not in a working or heat emitting state, and heat dissipation is not required temporarily.

In this embodiment, the heat dissipation apparatus includes at least two heat sinks and at least one heat pipe. Each heat sink corresponds to a packaged chip; and two ends of the heat pipe are respectively connected to heat dissipation substrates of different heat sinks, to transfer heat of a heat sink corresponding to a packaged chip in a heat emitting state to a heat sink corresponding to a packaged chip that does not emit heat. Heat of a packaged chip that is in a working and heat emitting state is transferred, by using the connection between the heat sink and the heat pipe, to a heat sink corresponding to a packaged chip that does not work or does not emit heat, to more effectively facilitate temperature reduction of different packaged chips.

An embodiment of this application further provides a heat dissipation system. The heat dissipation system includes: at least one heat sink according to any one of the foregoing embodiments and at least one packaged chip, where each heat sink corresponds to a packaged chip, and the heat sink is used to dissipate heat for the packaged chip.

<FIG> is a specific schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation system according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, the heat dissipation system provided in this embodiment is configured to dissipate heat for a first packaged chip <NUM> and a second packaged chip <NUM>. The heat dissipation system provided in this embodiment specifically includes: the first packaged chip <NUM>, the second packaged chip <NUM>, a first heat sink <NUM>, and a second heat sink <NUM>, where
the first heat sink <NUM> is located above the first packaged chip <NUM> and is configured to dissipate heat for the first packaged chip <NUM>, and the second heat sink <NUM> is located above the second packaged chip <NUM> and is configured to dissipate heat for the second packaged chip <NUM>.

An implementation principle and a technical effect of the heat dissipation system in this embodiment are similar to that in the foregoing embodiments.

An embodiment of this application further provides a communications device, including at least one heat sink according to any one of Embodiment <NUM> to Embodiment <NUM>, at least one packaged chip, and at least one circuit board, where.

<FIG> is a specific schematic structural diagram of a communications device according to Embodiment <NUM> of this application. As shown in <FIG>, a communications device <NUM> provided in this embodiment internally includes a circuit board <NUM>. The circuit board <NUM> is provided with a packaged chip <NUM>, the packaged chip <NUM> is electrically connected to a circuit on the circuit board <NUM>, and the packaged chip <NUM> is provided with a heat sink <NUM> configured to dissipate heat for the packaged chip <NUM>. A structure and an implementation principle of the heat sink <NUM> are both similar to that of the heat sink in the foregoing embodiments.

Claim 1:
A heat sink, comprising:
a heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>), a connector (<NUM>), and a fastener (<NUM>), wherein
the heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) is configured to be suitable to dissipate heat for a packaged chip (<NUM>) using multi-chip package technology located on a circuit board (<NUM>), and the heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) is suitable to be located on a surface that is of the packaged chip and that is opposite to the circuit board (<NUM>); and
the heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) comprises a first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) and a second heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>), the first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) and the second heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) each have a heat conduction surface that is suitable to conduct heat with a chip in the packaged chip, different heat conduction surfaces are suitable to correspond to different chips in the packaged chip, a first end of the connector (<NUM>) is fastened to the first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>), a second end of the connector (<NUM>) suspends on an outer side of the second heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>), and the fastener (<NUM>) presses against an outer side of the first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>), to prevent the first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) from moving far away from the second heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>);
wherein the heat conduction surfaces of the first heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) and the second heat dissipation substrate (<NUM>) are both in a same plane;
the heat sink is characterized in that: a heat conduction rate of a material that the connector is made of is less than a heat conduction rate of a material that the heat dissipation substrate is made of; the material that the connector is made of is stainless steel or zinc alloy.