Patent Description:
Rotary encoders are used in industry for position and speed monitoring and are typically mounted on a shaft of a motor or a gearbox of an assembly. Rotary encoders may be equipped with a rotor unit and a stator unit for detecting operational parameters of the shaft of the assembly.

Rotary encoders are assembled with different shafts and bearings. In case bearings of the rotary encoder are blocked or get sluggish, a driving torque on the rotary encoder shaft is increased and may eventually lead to that a connection between the rotary encoder shaft and the shaft of the assembly will break.

<CIT> discloses a rotary encoder bearing failure detection, whereby the rotary encoder comprises bearings enabling relative rotation between a stator, comprising a housing and a detector, and a rotor, comprising a scale, as well as a bushing in between the outer sleeve of the bearings and the housing. The bushing enables some limited rotation if the bearings break or get sluggish and friction forces get above a certain threshold. The rotor and stator are biased toward each other in the axial direction by a spring. Pins are provided, which, in a regular position with no failure are located in a recess, whereby in the case of a failure and corresponding relative rotation of the bushing and bearing outer sleeve, the pins are mechanically removed from their recess and push the stator and rotor away from each other in the axial direction. The encoder scale is pushed accordingly away from the detector, in which case the detector does not detect the scale. The resulting lack of detection signal is a switching trigger for the malfunction alarm.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a rotary encoder, which seeks to mitigate, alleviate, or eliminate one or more of the above-identified deficiencies in the art and disadvantages singly or in any combination.

An object of the present invention is to propose a novel and advantageous method for determining malfunction of a rotary encoder.

Another object of the invention is to propose a novel and advantageous rotary encoder and a novel and advantageous computer program for determining malfunction of a rotary encoder. Another object of the present invention is to propose a novel and advantageous method providing a more reliable and safe operation of a rotary encoder.

Yet another object of the invention is to propose a method, a rotary encoder and a computer program achieving an automated and user-friendly detection of malfunctioning bearings of a rotary encoder.

Yet another object of the invention is to propose an alternative method, an alternative rotary encoder and an alternative computer program for determining malfunction of a rotary encoder.

These and other objects, apparent from the following description, are achieved by a rotary encoder according to claim <NUM>. Other objects are achieved with a method according to claim <NUM>.

Advantageous embodiments are depicted in the dependent claims.

Specifically an object of the invention is achieved by a rotary encoder. Said rotary encoder comprises a shaft having a bearing configuration. Said bearing configuration is internally connected to an axial bushing arranged in a housing. The bearing configuration is configured to allow rotation of the shaft relative to said housing. Said rotary encoder comprises a rotor being attached to said shaft. Said rotary encoder also comprises a stator. The rotary encoder further comprises an arrangement configured to determine malfunction of the bearing configuration. Said arrangement comprises a detection device configured to determine whether a connection device is operably connected between a fixed portion of said rotary encoder and said bushing, and to output the status of the connection to a control arrangement. If there is no connection, said detection device is configured to determine a rotation of said bushing associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration. Hereby, malfunction of the bearing configuration may be determined in an efficient and reliable way so that extensive damage associated with malfunctioning of an assembly comprising said rotary encoder may be avoided. Hereby dangerous situations such as break down associated with an assembly comprising said rotary encoder may be efficiently avoided. Hereby safety of an assembly comprising said rotary encoder may be improved.

Advantageously safe and reliable operation of the rotary encoder is provided. Hereby operation of an associated assembly may be interrupted before severe damage or wear of components of the assembly occur. Hereby high standards of operation, involving a small number of unexpected disturbances, may be upheld.

Advantageously the expected service time of the bearing configuration may be substantially upheld due to reduction of risk for continued operation of the rotary encoder having malfunctioning components. This also allows, to a further extent, to make use of data collected by the rotary encoder for statistics purposes.

Advantageously it is possible to with high accuracy determine that malfunction of the bearing configuration is identified as the cause of improper operation of the rotary encoder. According to the invention, said connection device comprises an electrical circuit to which an electrical signal is provided, wherein said fixed portion comprises said stator said electrical circuit being connected between said stator and said bushing wherein said detection device, when determining whether there is a connection, is configured to determine whether there is an electrical signal, wherein malfunction of the bearing configuration is determined if there is no electrical signal. By thus providing such an electrical circuit, determination of whether there is a connection between said stator and said bushing is facilitated so that malfunction of the bearing configuration may be easily and efficiently obtained.

According to the invention, said electrical circuit comprises at least one electrical conductor being connected to said bushing via a contacting member. According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said electrical circuit comprises two electrical wires. Hereby connection of said electrical circuit may be easily and efficiently obtained and controlled. According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said electrical circuit comprises more than two electrical wires. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member is configured to be attached to said bushing. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member is configured to be attached to said bushing adjacent to said stator. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member comprises a contacting knob.

According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said connection device further comprises a flexible support member being arranged to facilitate said connection between said fixed portion and said bushing. By thus providing a flexible support member said connection may be easily and efficiently provided. Such a flexible support member facilitates supporting said electrical circuit. Said flexible support member may be a flexible strip. According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said connection device is configured to provide a wireless connection between said fixed portion and said bushing. By thus providing a wireless connection by means of said connection device, easy connection between fixed portion and said bushing may be obtained, as well as easy detection of lost connection. Said wireless connection may be provided by means of emitting light. Said wireless connection may be provided by means of a magnetic connection. Said wireless connection may be provided by means of an inductive connection. Said device configured to provide wireless connection may comprise a light emitting member.

According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said arrangement comprises a plate being arranged between said rotor and said bushing, said plate being attached to said housing and being arranged to provide fixation in the axial direction of the shaft towards said bushing. Hereby said connection device may be efficiently fixated in connection to said bushing. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate is configured to be coaxially arranged relative to said shaft. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate is ring-shaped. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate is configured to be attached to said housing by means of screw joint members so as to facilitate providing said fixation in the axial direction of the shaft towards said bushing. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate is configured to be arranged adjacent to said bushing, between said bushing and said rotor. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said a portion of said support member is configured to be arranged in connection to said plate, between said plate and said busing, so that said plate may apply pressure against said support member towards said bushing for said fixation.

According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said arrangement comprises a shear pin fixedly arranged between said bushing and said plate, said shear pin being arranged to break in connection to rotation of said bushing. By thus applying such a shear pin, a certain resistance against rotation against rotation of said bushing may be provided so that loss of connection of said connection device may be easily and efficiently controlled. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin is configured to break if the rotational torque exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

According to an embodiment of said rotary encoder, said arrangement, when it is determined that there is no connection, is configured to take action so as to facilitate preventing extensive damage associated with malfunctioning of an assembly comprising said rotary encoder. Hereby an electronic control arrangement of said arrangement is arranged to take said action. By thus taking action, dangerous situations such as break down associated with an assembly comprising said rotary encoder may be efficiently avoided. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement, when taking action, is configured to trigger an alarm. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electronic control arrangement of said arrangement, when taking action, is configured to shut down operation of said assembly comprising said rotary encoder. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement, when taking action, is configured to inform operators of the situation, where said information may be visual and/or audible, and/or tactile.

Specifically an object of the invention is achieved by a method for determining malfunction of a bearing configuration of a rotary encoder, as defined in claim <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the method, said connection device comprises an electrical circuit to which an electrical signal is provided, wherein said fixed portion comprises said stator said electrical circuit being connected between said stator and said bushing wherein the step of determining whether there is a prevailing operable connection comprises determining whether there is an electrical signal; and determining that there is a rotation of said bushing associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration if there is no electrical signal.

The method for determining malfunction of a bearing configuration of a rotary encoder according to the present disclosure has the advantages according to the corresponding rotary encoder as set out herein.

According to various aspects of the invention, there are provided a computer program product according to claim <NUM>, and a computer-readable storage medium according to claim <NUM> comprising instructions which, when the program of claim <NUM> is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out any one of the steps of the method of claim <NUM>.

The rotary encoder disclosed herein may be applicable to paper mill systems and rolling mills. The rotary encoder disclosed herein may be applicable to elevator systems, oil rig systems and various machine tools. The rotary encoder may thus be applicable to a great variety of assemblies.

The proposed rotary encoder may be applicable to various assemblies comprising an engine/motor for rotating a shaft. The assembly may be a vehicle such as a mining machine, tractor, dumper, wheel-loader, forest machine, earthmover, road construction vehicle, road planner, emergency vehicle or a tracked vehicle. The proposed rotary encoder is according to one aspect of the disclosure well suited to other applications that comprise a rotary shaft than vehicles, e.g. watercraft. The watercraft may be of any kind, e.g. motorboats, steamers, ferries, ships or submarines.

The rotary encoder disclosed herein is applicable to various stationary assemblies/platforms comprising a rotating shaft, such as a windmill for generating electricity.

According to one example, a number of rotary encoders are provided to the assembly for detecting operational parameters of various components/units/arrangements of the assembly. Said number of rotary encoders may be <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, or larger.

The term "link" refers herein to a communication link, which may be a physical connection such as a multicore cable, an opto-electronic communication line, or a non-physical connection such as a wireless connection, e.g. a radio link or microwave link. The communication may be achieved by transmission of analog and/or digital signals. In case of digital communication the link may be arranged as a digital data interface, in particular as a serial data interface.

The term "(electronic) control arrangement" is according to one embodiment herein defined as an arrangement comprising only one electronic control arrangement or a number of connected electronic control arrangements. Said one electronic control arrangement or said number of connected electronic control arrangements may be arranged to perform the steps according to the method depicted herein.

In some implementations and according to some aspects of the disclosure, the functions or steps noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. For example, two blocks shown in succession can in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks can sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. Also, the functions or steps noted in the blocks can according to some aspects of the disclosure be executed continuously in a loop.

A shear pin refers to a mechanical detail designed to break once a predetermined force is applied. Mechanical properties of the shear pin may be chosen based on empirical experience. Hereby any suitable value of the predetermined break threshold value of the shear pin may be chosen.

Further objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art from the following details, and also by putting the invention into practice.

For fuller understanding of embodiments of the present invention and its further objects and advantages, the detailed description set out below should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals denote similar items in the various diagrams, and in which:.

<FIG>, <FIG> and <FIG> schematically illustrate different views of a rotary encoder <NUM> according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

<FIG> schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder <NUM>; <FIG> a perspective view of the rotary encoder <NUM>; <FIG> a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder <NUM>; <FIG> another cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder <NUM>; <FIG> an exploded view of the rotary encoder <NUM>; and <FIG> another exploded view of the rotary encoder <NUM>.

The rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a shaft <NUM>. The shaft <NUM> has a first end portion 210a and an opposite second end portion 210b. Said shaft <NUM> is configured to rotate about an axis X.

The rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a bearing housing <NUM>. The bearing housing <NUM> is herein also denoted housing <NUM>. Said housing <NUM> is arranged to house a bearing configuration <NUM>. The housing <NUM> may consist of any suitable material, such as a metal or alloy, e.g. aluminium or stainless steel. The housing <NUM> may consist at least partly of a plastic material. The housing <NUM> may consist at least partly of a ceramic.

The bearing configuration <NUM> comprises a first bearing unit 220a. The first bearing unit 220a is arranged to be fixedly arranged to the shaft <NUM>. The first bearing unit 220a may comprise any suitable bearings. The bearing configuration <NUM> comprises a second bearing unit 220b. The second bearing unit 220b is arranged to be fixedly arranged to the shaft <NUM>. The second bearing unit 220b may comprise any suitable bearings. The bearing configuration <NUM> is configured to allow rotation of the shaft <NUM> relative to said housing <NUM>. The rotary encoder may be provided with any suitable bearing units, e.g. plain bearings or roller bearings.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure the first bearing unit 220a and second bearing unit 220b are arranged next to each other around the shaft <NUM>. The first bearing unit 220a and second bearing unit 220b may according to one example be arranged separated by a predetermined distance from each other around the shaft <NUM>. The second bearing unit 220b is arranged closer to the second end portion 210b of the shaft <NUM> than the first bearing unit 220a.

The respective bearing unit 220a, 220b has an inner ring shaped portion configured to be arranged around and attached to said shaft <NUM>, and an outer ring shaped portion configured to be connected to said housing <NUM> via a bearing bushing <NUM>. The respective bearing unit 220a, 220b is fixedly attached to said shaft <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>.

The bearing bushing <NUM> is arranged around said bearing configuration <NUM>. Said bearing bushing <NUM> has a ring-shaped configuration. Said bearing bushing <NUM> is arranged to be closely received within a portion of said housing <NUM>.

The bearing bushing <NUM> is configured to allow rotation relative to said housing <NUM> when a rotational force between the bearing bushing <NUM> and the housing <NUM> exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The predetermined threshold value is determined so that in a first operational state, when the bearing configuration <NUM> is operating without any malfunctioning, no rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> takes place and in a second operational state, when the bearing configuration <NUM> is malfunctioning, a rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> takes place. The bearing configuration <NUM> is considered to be malfunctioning when at least one of the bearing units 220a, 220b becomes sluggish or even blocks which leads to an increased rotational force between the inner ring shaped portion and the outer ring shaped portion of the respective bearing unit 220a, 220b when the shaft rotates.

Said bearing bushing <NUM> has a first end portion 230a arranged to face in the same direction as the first end portion 210a of said shaft <NUM>. Said bearing bushing <NUM> has a second end portion 230b, opposite to said first end portion 230a, and thus arranged to face in the same direction as the second end portion 210b of said shaft <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said second end portion 230b of said bearing bushing <NUM> has a wider outer diameter than the remaining portion of the bearing bushing <NUM> for facilitating connection at said second end portion 230b.

According to one example there is provided least two bearing units at the shaft <NUM> for achieving a balanced and low-vibration operation of the rotary encoder <NUM>.

The shaft <NUM> is configured to be attached to a rotating device of an assembly, such as an assembly exemplified herein. The rotary encoder <NUM> is arranged to determine values of a set of operational parameters of the shaft <NUM>. The operational parameters may be characteristics of operation of the assembly. According to one example the set of operational parameters may comprise the parameter "prevailing angular position of the shaft <NUM>". According to one example the set of operational parameters may comprise any of the parameters: prevailing angular position of the shaft <NUM> and rotational speed of the shaft <NUM>.

According to one example the shaft <NUM> may be connectable to a rotating device of the assembly by any suitable fastening means. This allows a connection in a rotatable fixed manner. According to one example a connection between the shaft <NUM> and a rotating device of the assembly is performed via a shaft coupling device.

The rotary encoder <NUM> works by being configured to detect relative rotation of a rotor <NUM> and a stator <NUM>. The rotor <NUM> is arranged to be fixedly secured at the shaft <NUM>. Said rotor <NUM> is arranged to be attached to said shaft <NUM> in connection to said second end portion 210b of said shaft <NUM>. Said rotor <NUM> is configured to rotate with said shaft <NUM>. The rotation of the rotor <NUM> with respect to the stator <NUM> may be detected using any technology capable of detecting such changes. Examples of such technologies include capacitive, optical, inductive and/or magnetic detection. The rotary encoder <NUM> may be configured as an incremental and/or an absolute rotary encoder. The terms rotor and stator may refer to single components as well as aggregates serving a common function of rotor or stator.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said stator <NUM> is arranged to be attached to said housing <NUM> in connection to said second end portion 210b of said shaft <NUM>. Said stator <NUM> is configured to be fixed relative to said shaft <NUM> so that said shaft <NUM> rotates relative to said stator <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said rotor <NUM> is arranged between said stator <NUM> and said bearing configuration <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said rotor <NUM> is arranged between said stator <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>. The proposed method is applicable to rotary encoders comprising a radial measuring configuration.

The rotor <NUM> further comprises a first disc having a scale for detection of relative rotation between the rotor <NUM> and the stator <NUM>. The first disc is mounted at the shaft <NUM>. When the shaft <NUM> rotates with respect to the stator <NUM>, rotation measurement circuitry at the stator <NUM> can detect changes in the scale with respect to the rotation measurement circuitry. For instance, the scale may comprise inductive, capacitive and/or magnetic elements configured to cause a corresponding inductive, capacitive or magnetic signal when the first disc is rotated with respect to the stator <NUM>. The scale may be part of an optical rotary encoder wherein the rotary encoder is configured to shine light of a light source <NUM> (LED, laser diode, etc.) onto a light detector <NUM> (photodiode) through slits in the first disc. Alternatively, a reflective version of an optical rotation measurement technology for an optical rotary encoder may be used. Alternatively, any suitable components being arranged for detecting operational parameters may be used in the rotary encoder <NUM>. The components are chosen on the basis of the operation parameter detection method of the rotary encoder <NUM>.

The stator <NUM> comprises a second disc. The second disc comprises measurement apparatus configured to detect relative motion of the first and second discs, e.g. by detecting said inductive, optical, capacitive or magnetic signals. The second disc may be a printed circuit board.

The rotor <NUM> may be denoted "graduation carrier" or "code disc". The stator <NUM> may be denoted "detector". According to one example, the stator <NUM> is not disc-shaped and may be denoted "scanner" or "scanning unit".

A control arrangement <NUM> is arranged for communication with the rotary encoder <NUM> via a link L201. According to one embodiment the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged for communication with the rotation measurement circuitry at the stator <NUM> via the link L201. Hereby the stator <NUM> is arranged to send signals comprising information about operational parameters to the control arrangement <NUM> via the link L201.

The control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to determine values of the operational parameters and to present determined values of the operational parameters via any suitable presentation means, e.g. presentation means <NUM>, to an operator of the assembly and/or the rotary encoder <NUM>. Alternatively or additionally, the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to generate control signals for a motor drive (not shown) within the assembly based on the operational parameters.

According to one embodiment, the rotation measurement circuitry at the stator <NUM> may be arranged to perform the same functions as the control arrangement <NUM>. Herein detection of operational parameters may be performed by any of the rotation measurement circuitry at the stator <NUM> and/or the control arrangement <NUM>.

The rotary encoder <NUM> may further be configured for electromagnetic compatibility scenarios. The bearing housing <NUM> of the rotary encoder <NUM> may be arranged to fixate and protect fragile EMC components from vibrations. According to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> further comprises electrostatic discharge, ESD, shielding arranged to shield the rotary encoder <NUM> from electrostatic charge and/or discharge. According to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> further comprises electromagnetic shielding arranged to prevent electromagnetic radiation to and/or from the rotary encoder <NUM> exceeding a predetermined threshold. According to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> is configured to function without degradation in the presence of a predetermined electromagnetic disturbance. In other words, according to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> is configured to be electromagnetically immune to a predetermined radio frequency interference.

According to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> further may comprise a set of sealing components arranged at the rotary encoder <NUM>. The set of sealing components is arranged to seal the rotary encoder <NUM> from an environment.

According to some aspects, the rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a set of spacers. The set of spacers is configured to fix a relative position between two or more components of the rotary encoder <NUM>.

Said rotary encoder <NUM> comprises an arrangement configured to determine malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM>.

Said arrangement comprises a connection device <NUM>, <NUM> configured to be operably connected between a fixed portion <NUM>; <NUM> of said rotary encoder <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>. The fixed portion of said rotary encoder may comprise said stator <NUM> and said housing <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> is configured to be operably connected between said stator <NUM> and said bushing <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> comprises an electrical circuit <NUM> to which an electrical signal is provided. Said electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to be connected between said stator <NUM> and said bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to be connected to said stator <NUM> so as to facilitate providing said electrical signal in said circuit. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical signal is configured to be provided to said electrical circuit <NUM> by means of said stator <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement of the rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a contacting member <NUM> for facilitating connection of said connection member to said bearing bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member <NUM> is configured to be attached to said bearing bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member <NUM> is configured to be attached to said second end portion 230b of said bearing bushing <NUM> so that said contacting member <NUM> is facing in the direction towards said stator <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said contacting member <NUM> comprises a contacting knob.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to be connected to said bearing bushing <NUM> via said contacting member <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical circuit <NUM> comprises two electrical wires configured to be connected to said bushing <NUM> via said contacting member <NUM>. In other words said electrical circuit <NUM> operates like a switch that is closed via said contacting member <NUM> in the first operational state and that is open in the second operational state.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> comprises a flexible support member <NUM> arranged to facilitate said connection between said stator <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to be supported by said flexible support member <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to be connected to said flexible support member <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said flexible support member <NUM> has an L-shaped profile. Hereby reference is also made to <FIG>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said flexible support member <NUM> has a first plate portion 245a arranged between said second end portion 230b of said bearing bushing <NUM> and said rotor <NUM>. It is further configured to run from the contacting member <NUM> outwardly in an essentially orthogonal direction relative to the axial extension of said shaft <NUM> passed the outer circumference of said rotor <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said flexible support member <NUM> has a second plate portion 245b configured to provide a transition from the first plate portion 245a and configured to run outside of said outer circumference of said rotor <NUM> towards said stator <NUM> to a connection point of said stator <NUM> for providing connection to said stator <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement of the rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a plate <NUM> arranged between said rotor <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>. Said plate <NUM> is configured to be attached to said housing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is arranged to provide fixation in the axial direction of the shaft <NUM> towards said bearing bushing <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is configured to be coaxially arranged relative to said shaft <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is ring-shaped. Said ring-shaped plate <NUM> is formed as a disc. Said ring-shaped plate <NUM> has an outer circumference 242a and an inner circumference 242b, see <FIG>. Said ring-shaped plate <NUM> thus has a central opening configured to be coaxially arranged relative to said shaft <NUM>. Said inner circumference 242b has an arc-shaped recess <NUM> configured to be arranged in connection to said contacting member <NUM> connected to said bearing bushing <NUM>. Said arc-shaped recess <NUM> has an angular extension so as to facilitate rotation in connection to said contacting member <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> has a number of arc-shaped grooves 242c arranged distributed along the plate <NUM> between said outer circumference 242a and inner circumference 242b, said arc-shaped grooves being through-grooves running through said plate <NUM>. The grooves 242c provide improved resilient characteristics of the plate <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is configured to be attached to said housing <NUM> by means of screw joint members so as to facilitate providing said fixation in the axial direction of the shaft <NUM> towards said bearing bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is configured to be attached to said housing <NUM> by any suitable means, such as an adhesive. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is configured to be attached to said housing <NUM> by any suitable fastener.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said plate <NUM> is configured to be arranged adjacent to said bearing bushing <NUM>, between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said rotor <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said first plate portion 245a of said support member <NUM> is configured to be arranged in connection to said plate <NUM>, between said plate <NUM> and said bearing busing <NUM>, so that said plate <NUM> may apply pressure against said first plate portion 245a of said support member <NUM> towards said bearing bushing <NUM> for said fixation.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement of the rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a shear pin <NUM> configured to be fixedly arranged between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM>. Said shear pin <NUM> is arranged to break in connection to rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin <NUM> is configured to be fixedly arranged between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM> in connection to said second end portion 230b of said bushing <NUM>. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin <NUM> is configured to be attached between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM> so that it breaks if the rotational force exceeds a predetermined threshold value. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin <NUM> is configured to be attached between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM> so that it breaks if the torque associated with rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM> exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, any suitable means may be arranged at the rotary encoder <NUM> so that rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> is allowed if the rotational force exceeds a predetermined threshold value. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, any suitable means may be arranged at the rotary encoder <NUM> so that rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> is allowed if the torque associated with rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM> exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin <NUM> is configured to be fixedly arranged between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM> at essentially the opposite side of said bearing bushing <NUM> relative to said connection device <NUM>, <NUM>, in relation to the direction orthogonal to the axial direction. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said shear pin <NUM> is configured to be fixedly arranged between said bearing bushing <NUM> and said plate <NUM> at essentially the opposite side of said second end portion 230b of said bearing bushing <NUM> relative to said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> and hence relative to said contacting member <NUM>.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, said arrangement of the rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a detection device <NUM>. Said detection device <NUM> is configured to determine whether there is a connection of said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> between said stator <NUM> and said bushing <NUM>. Said detection device <NUM> is configured to determine whether said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> is operably connected between said stator <NUM> and said bushing <NUM>.

Said detection device <NUM> is configured to determine a rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM> associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> if there is no connection.

Said detection device <NUM>, when determining whether there is a connection, is configured to determine whether there is an electrical signal in said electrical circuit <NUM> of said connection device. Said detection device <NUM> is configured to determine a rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM> associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> if there is no electrical signal.

Said detection device <NUM> is configured to send the status of the bearing configuration <NUM> (no malfunction/malfunction) to the control arrangement <NUM> via the link L201.

The circuit of the detection device <NUM> may be located either on a separate printed circuit board (PCB) or on the PCB of the stator <NUM>.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure the electrical circuit <NUM> is arranged to enable a normal operation of the rotation measurement circuitry of the stator <NUM> in the first operational state and to disable the operation of the rotation measurement circuitry of the stator <NUM> in the second operational state. In a first example this is achieved by switching the electrical circuit <NUM> in series with a power supply of the stator <NUM>. In another example, provided that optical scanning is used, the electrical circuit <NUM> is switched in series with a power supply of the light source <NUM>. In both examples the determination of operational parameters is disabled in the second operational state and therefore the signals comprising information about operational parameters sent to the control arrangement <NUM> via the link L201 become invalid. Thus, the status of the bearing configuration <NUM> is sent to the control arrangement <NUM> in the form of valid or invalid operational parameters. In examples like these, where in the second operational state the operation of the rotation measurement circuitry of the stator <NUM> is disabled, the stator <NUM> represents the detection device <NUM>.

The control arrangement <NUM> is arranged for communication with the presentation means <NUM> via a link L202. Said presentation means <NUM> may comprise a display for visual presentation to an operator. The presentation means may comprise visual/audio/tactile presentation devices for presenting information about operational status of the rotary encoder <NUM>. In particular the presentation means <NUM> is arranged to present information to an operator when malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> has been determined according to the disclosure herein.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to generate an alarm signal when malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> is at hand. Hereby the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to provide the alarm signal to any means, such as the presentation means <NUM>. The alarm signal is provided so as to indicate malfunctioning of the bearing configuration <NUM> to an operator.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to automatically interrupt operation of the assembly connected to rotary encoder <NUM> when malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> is at hand. According to an embodiment the control arrangement <NUM> is arranged to automatically interrupt operation of the assembly connected to rotary encoder <NUM> when malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> has been detected according to the disclosure herein.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure the detection device <NUM> is arranged to generate and transmit a signal for automatically disconnect an emergency stop circuit when the operational operation is not at hand (malfunctioning of at least one of the bearing units 220a, 220b has been detected). Hereby operation of the assembly may be automatically shut down when malfunction of at least one of the bearing units 220a, 220b is at hand.

<FIG> schematically illustrates a perspective view of the rotary encoder <NUM> according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Reference is made to e.g. the disclosure of <FIG>.

<FIG> schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder <NUM>. Hereby the operation of the rotary encoder is running in a "normal", functioning, state. This state is referred to as a first operational state. In particular, the bearing configuration <NUM>, comprising the first bearing unit 220a and the second bearing unit 220b, is operating without any malfunctioning. In the first operational state the connection device <NUM> is operably connected between a fixed portion of said rotary encoder <NUM> and the bearing bushing <NUM>. During operation of the rotary encoder <NUM> in the first operational state it is determined that there is an operational connection provided and thus that no rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> is at hand, because the rotational force between the bearing bushing <NUM> and the housing <NUM> is below the predetermined threshold. In the first operational state there is no detected malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM>.

<FIG> schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the rotary encoder <NUM>. Hereby the operation of the rotary encoder is running in a "non-normal", malfunctioning, state. This state is referred to as a second operational state. In particular, the bearing configuration <NUM>, comprising the first bearing unit 220a and the second bearing unit 220b, is not operating correctly. In the second state the connection device <NUM> is not operably connected between a fixed portion of the rotary encoder <NUM> and the bearing bushing <NUM>. It is noted that the bearing bushing <NUM> has been rotated clockwise to a certain extent, because the rotational force between the bearing bushing <NUM> and the housing <NUM> exceeded the predetermined threshold and that operational connection hereby has been lost. During operation of the rotary encoder <NUM> in the second operational state it is determined that there is not an operational connection provided and thus that at least some rotation of the bearing bushing <NUM> is at hand. In the second operational state it is hereby detected that malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> is at hand.

<FIG> schematically illustrates an exploded view of a rotary encoder according to an embodiment of the invention. Reference is made to e.g. the disclosure related to <FIG>.

<FIG> is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the invention. Hereby is provided a method for determining malfunction of a bearing configuration <NUM> of a rotary encoder <NUM>. The rotary encoder <NUM> comprises a shaft <NUM> having said bearing configuration <NUM>. Said bearing configuration <NUM> is internally connected to an axial bearing bushing <NUM> arranged in a housing <NUM>. The bearing configuration <NUM> is configured to allow rotation of the shaft <NUM> relative to said housing <NUM>. The rotary encoder <NUM> further comprises a rotor <NUM> being attached to said shaft <NUM>. The rotary encoder <NUM> also comprises a stator <NUM> and an arrangement comprising a detection device <NUM> configured to determine whether a connection device <NUM>, <NUM> is operably connected between a fixed portion of said rotary encoder <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM> and to output the status of the connection to a control arrangement <NUM>. The method comprises the steps of determining (s410) whether there is a prevailing operable connection between said fixed portion of said rotary encoder <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM> and, if there is no connection, determining (s420) that there is a rotation of said bushing associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM>.

According to an example said connection device <NUM>, <NUM> comprises an electrical circuit to which an electrical signal is provided, wherein said fixed portion comprises said stator <NUM>, said electrical circuit being connected between said stator <NUM> and said bearing bushing <NUM>.

Hereby the step of determining (s410) whether there is a prevailing operable connection comprises determining whether there is an electrical signal. Hereby it is determined that there is a rotation of said bushing <NUM> associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> if there is no electrical signal.

After the method steps s410 and s420 a method step s430 may be performed.

The method step s430 comprises the step of taking actions.

According to one example the step of taking actions comprises the step of generating an alarm signal when a rotation of said bushing associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> has been determined. Hereby an operator at an early stage may be informed about that the bearing configuration <NUM> is malfunctioning. Hereby the operator may manually interrupt operation of the encoder <NUM> and/or operation of an assembly connected to the shaft <NUM>.

According to one example the step of taking actions comprises the step of automatically interrupting operation of the assembly connected to the rotary encoder <NUM> when a rotation of said bearing bushing <NUM> associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> has been determined.

According to one example the step of taking actions comprises the step of automatically interrupting operation of the assembly connected to the rotary encoder <NUM>. This may be performed by means of the control arrangement <NUM> or the detection device <NUM>. According to one example, interrupted operation of the assembly connected to the rotary encoder <NUM> is performed by switching the power off, thus shutting down the assembly at least partly. This may be performed by means of the control arrangement <NUM> or the detection device <NUM>.

After the method step s430 the method ends.

<FIG> is a diagram of one version of a computer <NUM>. The control arrangement <NUM> described with reference to e.g. <FIG> may in one version comprise the computer <NUM>. According to one example the detection device <NUM> may comprise the computer <NUM>. The computer <NUM> comprises a non-volatile memory <NUM>, a data processing unit <NUM> and a read/write memory <NUM>. The non-volatile memory <NUM> has a first memory element <NUM> in which a computer program, e.g. an operating system, is stored for controlling the function of the computer <NUM>. The computer <NUM> further comprises a bus controller, a serial communication port, I/O means, an A/D converter, a time and date input and transfer unit, an event counter and an interruption controller (not depicted). The non-volatile memory <NUM> has also a second memory element <NUM>.

According to an example embodiment there is provided a computer program P.

The computer program P may comprise routines for generating an alarm signal when the status of the bearing configuration <NUM> received from the detection device <NUM> indicates a malfunctioning bearing configuration <NUM>.

The computer program P may comprise routines for automatically interrupting operation of the assembly <NUM> when the status of the bearing configuration <NUM> received from the detection device <NUM> indicates a malfunctioning bearing configuration <NUM>.

The computer program P may comprise routines for performing any one of the method steps detailed with reference to the disclosure.

The program P may be stored in an executable form or in compressed form in a memory <NUM> and/or in a read/write memory <NUM>.

Where it is stated that the data processing unit <NUM> performs a certain function, it means that it conducts a certain part of the program which is stored in the memory <NUM> or a certain part of the program which is stored in the read/write memory <NUM>.

The data processing device <NUM> can communicate with a data port <NUM> via a data bus <NUM> and can control functions of the assembly <NUM> with a control port <NUM> via a control bus <NUM>. In particular via the control bus <NUM> and the control port <NUM> the processing device <NUM> can interrupt the operation of the assembly <NUM> when malfunction of the bearing configuration <NUM> has been determined. The non-volatile memory <NUM> is intended for communication with the data processing unit <NUM> via a data bus <NUM>. The separate memory <NUM> is intended to communicate with the data processing unit via a data bus <NUM>. The read/write memory <NUM> is arranged to communicate with the data processing unit <NUM> via a data bus <NUM>. The links L201 and L202, for example, may be connected to the data port <NUM> (see <FIG> and <FIG>) and a link L601 may connect the control port <NUM> to the assembly <NUM>.

When data are received on the data port <NUM>, they are stored in the second memory element <NUM>. When input data received have been stored, the data processing unit <NUM> will be prepared to conduct code execution as described above.

Parts of the methods herein described may be conducted by the computer <NUM> by means of the data processing unit <NUM>, which runs the computer program P stored in the memory <NUM> or the read/write memory <NUM>. When the computer <NUM> runs the computer program P, method steps and process steps herein described are executed.

The relevant method steps depicted herein may be performed by means of e.g. the computer <NUM>. Any suitable processing circuitry may be used for performing the disclosed method steps. The processing circuitry may be arranged in the rotary encoder <NUM> or externally of the rotary encoder <NUM>, such as at the assembly <NUM>.

The computer program product comprises a computer readable medium such as, for example a universal serial bus (USB) memory, a plug-in card, an embedded drive or a read only memory (ROM). The computer readable medium has stored thereon a computer program comprising program instructions. The computer program is loadable into the processing circuitry comprised in any of the control arrangement <NUM> or the rotation measurement circuitry of the stator <NUM>. When loaded into the processing circuitry, the computer program may be stored in a memory associated with or comprised in the processing circuitry and executed by a processor. According to some embodiments, the computer program may, when loaded into and run by the processing circuitry, cause execution of method steps illustrated in <FIG> or otherwise described herein.

According to various examples there are provided a computer program product or a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, e.g. the control arrangement <NUM>, cause the computer to carry out any of the method steps depicted herein.

The description of the example embodiments provided herein have been presented for purposes of illustration. The description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit example embodiments to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various alternatives to the provided embodiments. The features of the embodiments described herein may be combined in all possible combinations of methods, apparatus, modules, systems, and computer program products. It should be appreciated that the example embodiments presented herein may be practiced in any combination with each other.

Claim 1:
A rotary encoder (<NUM>) comprising:
a housing (<NUM>),
an axial bushing (<NUM>),
a shaft (<NUM>) having a bearing configuration (<NUM>), said bearing configuration (<NUM>) being internally connected to said axial bushing (<NUM>) arranged in said housing (<NUM>), the bearing configuration (<NUM>) being configured to allow rotation of the shaft (<NUM>) relative to said housing (<NUM>), the bushing (<NUM>) being configured to allow rotation relative to said housing (<NUM>)
when a rotational force between the bushing (<NUM>) and the housing (<NUM>) exceeds a predetermined threshold value,
a rotor (<NUM>) being attached to said shaft (<NUM>),
a fixed portion (<NUM>; <NUM>) comprising a stator (<NUM>),
an arrangement (<NUM>; <NUM>; <NUM>; <NUM>; <NUM>) configured to determine malfunction of the bearing configuration (<NUM>),
said arrangement comprising a detection device (<NUM>) and a connection device (<NUM>, <NUM>), the detection device (<NUM>) being configured to determine whether the connection device (<NUM>, <NUM>) is operably connected between the fixed portion (<NUM>; <NUM>) of said rotary encoder (<NUM>) and said bushing (<NUM>), and to output the status of the connection to a control arrangement (<NUM>) via a link (L201),
whereby if there is no connection, said detection device (<NUM>) is configured to determine a rotation of said bushing (<NUM>) associated with malfunction of the bearing configuration (<NUM>),
characterized in that
said connection device (<NUM>, <NUM>) comprises an electrical circuit (<NUM>) to which an electrical signal is provided,
wherein said fixed portion comprises said stator (<NUM>), said electrical circuit (<NUM>) being connected between said stator (<NUM>) and said bushing (<NUM>),
wherein said detection device (<NUM>), when determining whether there is a connection, is configured to determine whether there is an electrical signal, wherein malfunction of the bearing configuration (<NUM>) is determined if there is no electrical signal,
wherein said electrical circuit comprises at least one electrical conductor being connected to said bushing (<NUM>) via a contacting member (<NUM>).