Patent Description:
In the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) network, the specifications of long term evolution (LTE) have been drafted for the purpose of further increasing high speed data rates, providing lower latency and so on (see non-patent literature <NUM>). In addition, LTE-A (LTE advanced and LTE Rel. <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and <NUM>) has been standardized for the purpose of achieving increased capacity and enhancement beyond LTE (LTE Rel. <NUM> and <NUM>).

Successor systems of LTE are also under study (for example, referred to as "FRA (Future Radio Access)," "<NUM> (5th generation mobile communication system)," "<NUM>+ (plus)," "NR (New Radio)," "NX (New radio access)," "FX (Future generation radio access)," "LTE Rel. <NUM> or <NUM> and later versions," etc.).

In existing LTE systems (for example, LTE Rel. <NUM> to <NUM>), downlink (DL) and/or uplink (UL) communication are carried out by using <NUM>-ms subframes (also referred to as "transmission time intervals (TTIs)" and so on). These subframes are the time unit for transmitting <NUM> channel-encoded data packet, and serve as the unit of processing in, for example, scheduling, link adaptation, retransmission control (HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest)) and so on.

Furthermore, a radio base station (for example, an eNB (eNode B)) controls the allocation (scheduling) of data to user terminals (UE (User Equipment)), and reports data scheduling indications to the UEs by using downlink control information (DCI). For example, when a UE conforming to existing LTE (for example, LTE Rel. <NUM> to <NUM>) receives DCI that indicates UL transmission (also referred to as a "UL grant"), the UE transmits UL data in a subframe that is located a certain period later (for example, <NUM> later).

<NPL> relates to resource allocation and management for intra- and inter-cell interference coordination / mitigation in grant-free UL.

<CIT> relates to a method for transmitting medium access control protocol data unit (MAC PDU) in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the steps of: transmitting a control signal through a physical uplink channel to a base station; and transmitting the MAC PDU including terminal identifier information for identifying the terminal to the base station using contention resources within contention-based PUSCH zone.

In future radio communication systems (for example, NR), it is likely that data scheduling will be controlled differently than in existing LTE systems. For example, in order to provide communication services that require low latency and high reliability (for example, URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications)), research is underway to reduce communication latency (latency reduction).

To be more specific, in order to reduce the latency time before UL data transmission is started, studies are in progress to perform communication by permitting contention in UL transmission among multiple UEs. For example, studies are in progress to allow UEs to transmit UL data without UL grants from radio base stations (also referred to as "UL grant-free transmission," "UL grant-less transmission," "contention-based UL transmission," etc.).

Meanwhile, since there is no UL grant in UL grant-free transmission, the radio base station cannot judge in which radio resource UL data is transmitted. Also, since it follows that UL data is comprised only of data and scheduling requests (SRs), the radio base station may be unable to determine from which user terminal detected UL data is transmitted. In this case, there may be a decline in communication throughput, spectral efficiency, and so forth.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a user terminal and a radio communication method, whereby, even when UL grant-free transmission is employed, the decline in communication throughput and the like can be reduced.

According to the present invention, even when UL grant-free transmission is employed, it is possible to reduce the decline in communication throughput and so forth.

Envisaging future radio communication systems (including, for example, LTE Rel. <NUM>, <NUM> and later versions, <NUM>, NR, etc., hereinafter collectively referred to as "NR"), UL grant-based transmission, in which UL data is transmitted based on UL grants, is not enough by itself to enable communication with low latency, and it is necessary to employ UL grant-free transmission, in which UL data is transmitted without UL grants.

Here, UL grant-based transmission and UL grant-free transmission will be explained. <FIG> is a diagram to explain UL grant-based transmission, and <FIG> is a diagram to explain UL grant-free transmission.

In UL grant-base transmission, as shown in <FIG>, a radio base station (which may be referred to as, for example, a "base station (BS)," a "transmission/reception point (TRP)," an "eNode B (eNB)," a "gNB," etc.) transmits a downlink control channel (UL grant) that indicates allocation of UL data (PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared CHannel)), and a UE transmits the UL data based on this UL grant.

Meanwhile, in UL grant-free transmission, as shown in <FIG>, a UE transmits UL data without receiving UL grants, which are provided for scheduling data.

Also, regarding UL grant-free transmission, studies are underway to repeat transmitting UL data. In repetition transmission of UL data, it is predictable that a UE repeats transmitting UL data a predetermined number of times (for example, K times) in transport block (TB) units. For example, the UE keeps transmitting TBs in response to UL data until downlink control information (UL grant) to indicate retransmission of UL data is transmitted, or until the number of times transmission is repeated reaches the above predetermined number of times.

Now, for NR, research is underway to provide support for configuring/reconfiguring, at least semi-statically, resource fields for allocating UL data that is transmitted in UL-grant free transmission. Studies are underway to include at least physical, time and/or frequency domain resources in resource configuration.

For example, studies are in progress to configure resources for use in UL grant-free transmission, by higher layer signaling, as in UL semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), which is used in existing LTE (for example, LTE Rel. <NUM> to <NUM>).

<FIG> is a diagram to show example of resources for use in UL grant-free transmission. As shown in <FIG>, inter-TTI frequency hopping, intra-TTI frequency hopping and the like may be applied to frequency resources for use in UL grant-free transmission. Also, time resources for use in UL grant-free transmission may be configured contiguously in time, or may be configured non-contiguously (intermittently) in time. Note that, resources other than those used in UL grant-free transmission may be used in UL grant-based transmission.

In such UL grant-free transmission, there is no UL grant, and so the radio base station may be unable to judge in which radio resource UL data is transmitted. Also, since it follows that UL data is comprised only of data and reference signals, the radio base station may be unable to judge whether or not UL data that is detected is really one that has been transmitted (that is, whether the UL data is not simply a zero signal misidentified as UL data), and, even if this detected UL data is one that has been really transmitted, from which user terminal this data has been transmitted. In this case, there may be a decline in communication throughput, spectral efficiency, and so forth.

So the present inventors have come up with the idea of transmitting a detection signal for detecting UL grant-free transmission when performing UL grant-free transmission, and arrived at the present invention. To be more specific according to an example of the present invention, the radio resource for a detection signal for detecting UL grant-free transmission is determined, and the detection signal is transmitted by using the determined radio resource. This configuration allows a radio base station to recognize that UL grant-free transmission has been performed, so that detection of UL data is made easier.

Also, the above-noted radio resource of the detection signal refers to at least one of the signal sequence, the code, the time resource and the frequency resource of the detection signal. By this means, the radio base station can receive the detection signal, and recognize that UL grant-free transmission has been performed. Also, the above radio resource may be determined based on at least one of a cell-specific indicator, a beam indicator, and a user terminal-specific indicator. By this means, the radio base station can identify which user terminal has transmitted the UL data, and/or perform the receiving control for receiving UL data more easily.

Now, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the radio communication methods according to the herein-contained embodiments may be used individually or may be used in combination.

Note that, in the following embodiments, the prefix "NR-," attached to an arbitrary signal or a channel, may be construed as meaning that the signal or the channel is designed for use in NR.

Furthermore, parameters used in UL grant-free transmission (which may be referred to as "radio parameters," "configuration information," etc.) may be referred to as "UL grant-free transmission parameters. " Note that, the term "parameter" as used herein may mean a "parameter set," which is a set of one or more parameters.

The flow of UL grant-free transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to <FIG> is a diagram to show an example of the flow of UL grant-free transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention.

First, UL grant-free transmission parameters are configured by a gNB, in a UE, semi-statically, by way of higher layer signaling (for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIBs (System Information Blocks) and so on), MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, and so forth) (step S101).

The UE can implement UL grant-free transmission based on this configuration information. Note that step S101 may be omitted, and UL grant-free transmission parameters may be specified in the specification.

The UL grant-free transmission parameters may include at least one of time and/or frequency resources, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS (which may include the redundancy version (RV)), reference signal parameters, the number of times to repeat UL grant free transmission (K), RV cycling (changing), parameters related to power ramping, random backoff, MCS adjustment in each repetition, etc..

Here, the time and/or frequency resources may be indicated by indices corresponding to time and/or frequency resources (for example, physical resource block (PRB) indices, cell indices, slot indices, subframe indices, symbol indices, and the like), the cycle of resources in the time and/or frequency direction, and so forth.

Note that some of the parameters (for example, parameters related to power ramping, RV cycling (changing), MCS adjustment, etc.) may be configured within a given number of repeated transmissions, or may be configured between repeated transmissions. For example, power ramping may be used within a repeated transmission, or the same transmission power may be used within a repeated transmission and power ramping may be applied between repeated transmissions.

Also, higher layer signaling to configure UL grant-free transmission parameters may be UE-common signaling or UE-specific signaling.

Information related to UL grant-free transmission parameters is dynamically reported from the gNB to the UE by way of L1 signaling (for example, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel), etc.) (step S102). The L1 signaling in step S102 may be referred to as "L1 signaling related to UL grant-free transmission parameters" and so on.

L1 signaling related to UL grant-free transmission parameters may be L1 signaling for reporting UL grant-free transmission parameters (also referred to as "parameter-reporting L1 signaling").

If parameters are reported via parameter-reporting L1 signaling, even if these parameters are configured via higher layer signaling (which may be interpreted as being specified in the specification, and this will hold the same hereinafter), the UE controls UL grant-free transmission based on the values of the parameters reported by L1 signaling.

Here, the parameters that are reported by L1 signaling might include parameters that, for example, override, update, adjust and modify radio parameters that are configured by higher layer signaling. Note that expressions such as "override" are examples, and it is obvious that they may be replaced with words synonymous with these expressions.

The parameters that are reported by parameter-reporting L1 signaling may include a subset of parameters configured by higher layer signaling, or may be a different set of parameters from the parameters configured by higher layer signaling (for example, parameters that are not configured by higher layer signaling may be reported via L1 signaling).

In addition, the parameters to be reported via parameter-reporting L1 signaling are by no means limited to UL grant-free transmission parameters for the same cell (the same carrier), and may be signaling that, for example, overrides, adjust and modifies UL grant-free transmission parameters for another cell (another carrier).

Note that which cell's (carrier's) UL grant-free transmission parameters are to be overridden, adjusted and modified may be configured in advance in the UE by higher layer signaling, or may be specified by a carrier indicator contained in this parameter-reporting L1 signaling. Whether or not this carrier indicator is included in parameter-reporting L1 signaling may be configured separately by higher layer signaling. By this means, the payload of L1 signaling can be controlled properly.

L1 signaling related to UL grant-free transmission parameters may be L1 signaling for activating the parameters (parameter sets) to use in UL grant-free transmission (also referred to as "activation L1 signaling").

Activation L1 signaling is used to activate a parameter set to use in UL grant-free transmission (words such as "enable" may be used here) out of a number of parameter sets configured by higher layer signaling in step S101. Note that a given parameter set and an indication for activating this parameter set may be included in activation L1 signaling.

Also, activation L1 signaling may activate UL grant-free transmission parameters for the same cell (the same carrier), or activate UL grant-free transmission parameters for another cell (different carrier).

L1 signaling related to UL grant-free transmission parameters may be, for example, DCI for scheduling receipt of DL data (this DCI may include DCI format <NUM>/<NUM> and others, and may be referred to as "DL assignment"), or DCI for scheduling UL data transmission (this DCI may include DCI format <NUM>/<NUM> and others, and may be referred to as "UL grant"). In this specification, names such as "DL assignment," "UL grant," and others indicate that these DCIs and formats are the same or similar, and, in one embodiment of the present invention, these DCIs do not necessarily have to indicate data scheduling.

When one or more fields included in a DL assignment or a UL grant received (fields defined by the DCI format) each show a certain value, the UE may validate this DL assignment or UL grant as L1 signaling related to UL grant-free transmission parameters. Note that the combination and values of fields for use for this validation may be defined differently from the combination and values of fields for validating a DL assignment or a UL grant as SPS activation or release (deactivation).

The UE performs UL grant-free transmission (for example, data transmission using resources for UL grant-free transmission) based on the L1 signaling in step S102 (step S103). In step S103, the UE transmits UL data, and, furthermore, transmits a detection signal for detecting UL grant-free transmission. In other words, the UE transmits a detection signal accompanying transmission of UL data. To provide this detection signal, CAZAC (Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation) sequences, ZC (Zadoff-Chu) sequences, PN sequences and the like can be used. In the event CAZAC sequences and/or ZC sequences are used, detection signals with different sequence numbers and/or different cyclic shifts may be selected and used depending on the UE, the radio resource, the transmission waveform, the channel format and so on. In the event PN (Pseudo Noise) sequences are used, different values may be selected as the initial value for pseudo-noise sequence generation depending on the UE, the radio resource, the transmission waveform, the channel format and so on, and sequences generated based on these values may be transmitted.

In transmitting the above detection signal, the UE may use at least one of the signal sequence, the code, the time resource and the frequency resource of the detection signal as the radio resource for the detection signal. The radio base station performs blind-decoding, decodes the detection signal, and learn that UL grant-free transmission has been performed. By this means, the radio base station can detect and decode UL data in a reliable manner compared to the case where only UL data is transmitted. Also, the radio base station needs to perform UL data demodulation/decoding operations only when the above detection signal is detected, so that the configuration for receiving UL data can be simplified.

Also, the UE may determine the radio resource for the detection signal based on at least one of a cell-specific indicator, a beam indicator and a user terminal-specific indicator. For example, when the radio resource of the detection signal is determined based on a user terminal-specific indicator, upon receiving this detection signal, the radio base station can identify the user terminal that has transmitted the UL data. Also, when the radio resource for the detection signal is determined based on a beam indicator, upon receiving this detection signal, the radio base station can identify which beam has been used to transmit the UL data. For example, it is possible to specify which beam is applied to the PUSCH for use for transmitting UL data, and this makes the control for receiving UL data easier.

Now, the transmission of the above detection signal will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. <FIG> shows a case in which the detection signal is transmitted using an uplink control channel (PUCCH). <FIG> shows a case in which the detection signal is transmitted using a sounding reference signal (SRS). <FIG> shows a case in which the detection signal is transmitted using a random access channel (PRACH). Note that <FIG> show examples in which the PUCCH, the SRS and the PRACH each follow the PUSCH to transmit UL data, but this is by no means limiting. The PUCCH, the SRS, and the PRACH may be allocated apart from the PUSCH (in the time direction or the frequency direction) (see, for example, <FIG>).

Also, as shown in <FIG>, a PUSCH and a PUCCH may be transmitted in the same subframe, or in different subframes (for example, the PUSCH may be transmitted in the first subframe, and the PUCCH may be transmitted in a second subframe that follows). Also, as shown in <FIG>, a PUSCH and an SRS may be transmitted in the same subframe, or in different subframes (for example, the PUSCH may be transmitted in the first subframe, and the SRS may be transmitted in a second subframe that follows).

Furthermore, as shown in <FIG>, a PUSCH and a PRACH may be transmitted in the same subframe or in different subframes (for example, the PRACH may be transmitted in the first subframe, and the PUSCH may be transmitted in a second subframe that follows). For example, the PRACH may be transmitted in the UpPTS (Uplink Pilot Time Slot) of a special subframe, and the PUSCH may be transmitted in the subframe following the special subframe.

As for the PUCCH, a short PUCCH based on short TTIs may be used. Also, for the PRACH, a short PRACH based on short TTIs may be used, or a PRACH that is allocated throughout a subframe or across a number of subframes may be used.

<FIG> is a diagram to show the above-mentioned case, in which a PUCCH is placed at a distance from a PUSCH (in the time or the frequency direction). In addition, <FIG> shows an example in which a detection signal is transmitted a number of times in response to <NUM> UL grant-free transmission (<NUM> PUSCH). According to this example, it is possible to prevent the radio base station from failing to detect the detection signal, so that the radio base station can reliably recognize that UL grant-free transmission has been performed.

<FIG> is a diagram to show a case in which, when different pieces of UL data are transmitted in UL grant-free transmission, the detection signal is transmitted once in response. According to this example, it is possible to reduce the radio resources to use to transmit the detection signal, and reduce the decrease in throughput, and the like.

In addition, as shown in <FIG>, the detection signal may be transmitted before UL data is transmitted. According to this configuration, only when the detection signal is detected, does the radio base station need to perform the demodulation/decoding operations for UL data that is received after the detection signal is received. Therefore, the configuration for receiving UL data can be simplified.

Furthermore, as shown in <FIG>, the detection signal may be transmitted by combining a PUCCH and an SRS. According to this configuration, the accuracy of detection of UL grant-free transmission can be improved. Note that the PUCCH and the SRS that serve as a detection signal, as shown in <FIG>, may be time-division-multiplexed (TDM), Frequency-division-multiplexed (FDM), or time-division-multiplexed (TDM) and frequency-division-multiplexed (FDM).

According to one embodiment of the present invention described above, the radio base station can recognize that UL grant-free transmission has been performed, and detect UL data easily.

Now, the structure of a radio communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In this radio communication system, communication is performed using one of the radio communication methods according to the herein-contained embodiments of the present invention, or a combination of these.

<FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary schematic structure of a radio communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention. A radio communication system <NUM> can adopt carrier aggregation (CA) and/or dual connectivity (DC) to group a plurality of fundamental frequency blocks (component carriers) into one, where the LTE system bandwidth (for example, <NUM>) constitutes one unit.

Note that the radio communication system <NUM> may be referred to as "LTE (Long Term Evolution)," "LTE-A (LTE-Advanced)," "LTE-B (LTE-Beyond)," "SUPER <NUM>," "IMT-Advanced," "<NUM> (4th generation mobile communication system)," "<NUM> (5th generation mobile communication system)," "NR (New Radio)," "FRA (Future Radio Access)," "New-RAT (Radio Access Technology)," and so on, or may be seen as a system to implement these.

The radio communication system <NUM> includes a radio base station <NUM> that forms a macro cell C1, with a relatively wide coverage, and radio base stations 12a to 12c that are placed within the macro cell C1 and that form small cells C2, which are narrower than the macro cell C1. Also, user terminals <NUM> are placed in the macro cell C1 and in each small cell C2. The arrangement and number of cells and user terminals <NUM> are not limited to those illustrated in the drawing.

The user terminals <NUM> can connect with both the radio base station <NUM> and the radio base stations <NUM>. The user terminals <NUM> may use the macro cell C1 and the small cells C2 at the same time by means of CA or DC. Furthermore, the user terminals <NUM> may apply CA or DC using a plurality of cells (CCs) (for example, five or fewer CCs or six or more CCs).

Furthermore, the user terminals <NUM> can communicate by using time division duplexing (TDD) and/or frequency division duplexing (FDD), in each cell. Furthermore, in each cell (carrier), a single numerology may be used, or a plurality of different numerologies may be used.

The radio base station <NUM> and a radio base station <NUM> (or <NUM> radio base stations <NUM>) may be connected with each other by cables (for example, by optical fiber, which is in compliance with the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface), the X2 interface and so on), or by radio.

OFDMA is a multi-carrier communication scheme to perform communication by dividing a frequency bandwidth into a plurality of narrow frequency bandwidths (subcarriers) and mapping data to each subcarrier. SC-FDMA is a single-carrier communication scheme to mitigate interference between terminals by dividing the system bandwidth into bands formed with one or continuous resource blocks per terminal, and allowing a plurality of terminals to use mutually different bands. Note that, uplink and downlink radio access schemes are not limited to these combinations, and other radio access schemes may be used.

In the radio communication system <NUM>, a downlink shared channel (PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel)), which is used by each user terminal <NUM> on a shared basis, a broadcast channel (PBCH (Physical Broadcast CHannel)), downlink L1/L2 control channels and so on are used as downlink channels. User data, higher layer control information, SIBs (System Information Blocks) and so on are communicated in the PDSCH. Also, the MIB (Master Information Blocks) is communicated in the PBCH.

The downlink L1/L2 control channels include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel), an EPDCCH (Enhanced Physical Downlink Control CHannel), a PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel), a PHICH (Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator CHannel) and so on. Downlink control information (DCI), which includes PDSCH and/or PUSCH scheduling information, is communicated by the PDCCH.

Note that scheduling information may be reported in DCI. For example, DCI to schedule receipt of DL data may be referred to as a "DL assignment," and DCI to schedule UL data transmission may also be referred to as a "UL grant.

The number of OFDM symbols to use for the PDCCH is communicated by the PCFICH. HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) delivery acknowledgment information (also referred to as, for example, "retransmission control information," "HARQ-ACKs," "ACK/NACKs," etc.) in response to the PUSCH is transmitted by the PHICH. The EPDCCH is frequency-division-multiplexed with the PDSCH (downlink shared data channel) and used to communicate DCI and so on, like the PDCCH.

In the radio communication system <NUM>, an uplink shared channel (PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared CHannel)), which is used by each user terminal <NUM> on a shared basis, an uplink control channel (PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), a random access channel (PRACH (Physical Random Access CHannel)) and so on are used as uplink channels. User data, higher layer control information and so on are communicated by the PUSCH. Also, in the PUCCH, downlink radio quality information (CQI (Channel Quality Indicator)), delivery acknowledgment information, scheduling requests (SRs) and so on are communicated. By means of the PRACH, random access preambles for establishing connections with cells are communicated.

In the radio communication system <NUM>, cell-specific reference signals (CRSs), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs), demodulation reference signals (DMRSs), positioning reference signals (PRSs) and so on are communicated as downlink reference signals. Also, in the radio communication system <NUM>, sounding reference signals (SRSs), demodulation reference signals (DMRSs) and so on are communicated as uplink reference signals. Note that the DMRSs may be referred to as "user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals). " Also, the reference signals to be communicated are by no means limited to these.

<FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary overall structure of a radio base station according to one embodiment of the present invention. A radio base station <NUM> has a plurality of transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>, amplifying sections <NUM>, transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>, a baseband signal processing section <NUM>, a call processing section <NUM> and a communication path interface <NUM>. Note that one or more transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>, amplifying sections <NUM> and transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may be provided.

In the baseband signal processing section <NUM>, the user data is subjected to transmission processes, including a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer process, user data division and coupling, RLC (Radio Link Control) layer transmission processes such as RLC retransmission control, MAC (Medium Access Control) retransmission control (for example, an HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmission process), scheduling, transport format selection, channel coding, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) process and a precoding process, and the result is forwarded to each transmitting/receiving section <NUM>. Furthermore, downlink control signals are also subjected to transmission processes such as channel coding and an inverse fast Fourier transform, and forwarded to each transmitting/receiving section <NUM>.

Baseband signals that are pre-coded and output from the baseband signal processing section <NUM> on a per antenna basis are converted into a radio frequency band in the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>, and then transmitted. The radio frequency signals having been subjected to frequency conversion in the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> are amplified in the amplifying sections <NUM>, and transmitted from the transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>. The transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> can be constituted by transmitters/receivers, transmitting/receiving circuits or transmitting/receiving apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Note that a transmitting/receiving section <NUM> may be structured as a transmitting/receiving section in one entity, or may be constituted by a transmitting section and a receiving section.

In the baseband signal processing section <NUM>, user data that is included in the uplink signals that are input is subjected to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process, an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) process, error correction decoding, a MAC retransmission control receiving process, and RLC layer and PDCP layer receiving processes, and forwarded to the higher station apparatus <NUM> via the communication path interface <NUM>. The call processing section <NUM> performs call processing (such as setting up and releasing communication channels), manages the state of the radio base stations <NUM> and manages the radio resources.

The communication path interface section <NUM> transmits and receives signals to and from the higher station apparatus <NUM> via a predetermined interface. Also, the communication path interface <NUM> may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with other radio base stations <NUM> via an inter-base station interface (which is, for example, optical fiber that is in compliance with the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface), the X2 interface, etc.).

The transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> receive data from a user terminal <NUM>, which is transmitted via UL grant-free transmission, in which UL data is transmitted without UL transmission indications (UL grants) from the radio base station <NUM>.

In addition, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may transmit at least one of L1 signaling for reporting parameters, L1 signaling for activation and L1 signaling for deactivation, to the user terminal <NUM>.

After certain physical layer signaling (for example, parameter-reporting L1 signaling, activation L1 signaling, deactivation L1 signaling, etc.) is transmitted, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may receive, from the user terminal <NUM>, a delivery acknowledgment signal, which indicates whether the physical layer signaling has been received and/or has not been received, and which is transmitted using a certain signal and/or channel. For example, this delivery acknowledgment may be transmitted by using at least one of MAC signaling, SRS, PUCCH, and SR.

In addition, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may transmit, to the user terminal <NUM>, information related to UL grant-free transmission parameters, information related to delivery acknowledgment, and so on.

<FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary functional structure of a radio base station according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that, although this example primarily shows functional blocks that pertain to characteristic parts of the present embodiment, the radio base station <NUM> has other functional blocks that are necessary for radio communication as well.

The baseband signal processing section <NUM> at least has a control section (scheduler) <NUM>, a transmission signal generation section <NUM>, a mapping section <NUM>, a received signal processing section <NUM> and a measurement section <NUM>. Note that these configurations have only to be included in the radio base station <NUM>, and some or all of these configurations may not be included in the baseband signal processing section <NUM>.

The control section <NUM> controls, for example, generation of signals in the transmission signal generation section <NUM>, allocation of signals in the mapping section <NUM>, and so on. Furthermore, the control section <NUM> controls signal receiving processes in the received signal processing section <NUM>, measurements of signals in the measurement section <NUM>, and so on.

The control section <NUM> controls the scheduling (for example, resource allocation) of system information, downlink data signals (for example, signals transmitted in the PDSCH) and downlink control signals (for example, signals transmitted in the PDCCH and/or the EPDCCH, such as delivery acknowledgment information). Also, the control section <NUM> controls the generation of downlink control signals, downlink data signals and so on, based on the results of deciding whether or not retransmission control is necessary for uplink data signals, and so on. Also, the control section <NUM> controls the scheduling of synchronization signals (for example, the PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal)/SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal)), downlink reference signals (for example, the CRS, the CSI-RS, the DMRS, etc.) and so on.

Also, when UL grant-free transmission is employed, the control section <NUM> may receive a detection signal, which is transmitted by using a determined radio resource, and recognize the UL grant-free transmission. In addition, upon receipt of the detection signal, the control section <NUM> may exert control to receive and demodulate UL data transmitted in UL grant-free transmission.

The transmission signal generation section <NUM> generates downlink signals (downlink control signals, downlink data signals, downlink reference signals and so on) based on commands from the control section <NUM>, and outputs these signals to the mapping section <NUM>. The transmission signal generation section <NUM> can be constituted by a signal generator, a signal generating circuit or signal generating apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

For example, the transmission signal generation section <NUM> generates DL assignments, which report downlink data allocation information, and/or UL grants, which report uplink data allocation information, based on commands from the control section <NUM>. DL assignments and UL grants are both DCI, in compliance with DCI format. Also, the downlink data signals are subjected to the coding process, the modulation process and so on, by using coding rates and modulation schemes that are determined based on, for example, channel state information (CSI) from each user terminal <NUM>.

The mapping section <NUM> maps the downlink signals generated in the transmission signal generation section <NUM> to predetermined radio resources based on commands from the control section <NUM>, and outputs these to the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. The mapping section <NUM> can be constituted by a mapper, a mapping circuit or mapping apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

The received signal processing section <NUM> performs receiving processes (for example, demapping, demodulation, decoding and so on) of received signals that are input from the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. Here, the received signals include, for example, uplink signals transmitted from the user terminal <NUM> (uplink control signals, uplink data signals, uplink reference signals, etc.). For the received signal processing section <NUM>, a signal processor, a signal processing circuit or signal processing apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains can be used.

The received signal processing section <NUM> outputs the decoded information acquired through the receiving processes, to the control section <NUM>. For example, when a PUCCH to contain an HARQ-ACK is received, the received signal processing section <NUM> outputs this HARQ-ACK to the control section <NUM>. Also, the received signal processing section <NUM> outputs the received signals and/or the signals after the receiving processes to the measurement section <NUM>.

For example, the measurement section <NUM> may perform RRM (Radio Resource Management) measurements, CSI (Channel State Information) measurements and so on, based on the received signals. The measurement section <NUM> may measure the received power (for example, RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power)), the received quality (for example, RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), etc.), SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), the signal strength (for example, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)), transmission path information (for example, CSI), and so on. The measurement results may be output to the control section <NUM>.

<FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary overall structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention. A user terminal <NUM> has a plurality of transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>, amplifying sections <NUM>, transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>, a baseband signal processing section <NUM> and an application section <NUM>. Note that one or more transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>, amplifying sections <NUM> and transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may be provided.

Radio frequency signals that are received in the transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM> are amplified in the amplifying sections <NUM>. The transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> receive the downlink signals amplified in the amplifying sections <NUM>. The received signals are subjected to frequency conversion and converted into the baseband signal in the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>, and output to the baseband signal processing section <NUM>. A transmitting/receiving section <NUM> can be constituted by a transmitters/receiver, a transmitting/receiving circuit or transmitting/receiving apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Note that a transmitting/receiving section <NUM> may be structured as a transmitting/receiving section in one entity, or may be constituted by a transmitting section and a receiving section.

The baseband signal processing section <NUM> performs, for the baseband signal that is input, an FFT process, error correction decoding, a retransmission control receiving process and so on. Downlink user data is forwarded to the application section <NUM>. The application section <NUM> performs processes related to higher layers above the physical layer and the MAC layer, and so on. Also, in the downlink data, the broadcast information can be also forwarded to the application section <NUM>.

Meanwhile, uplink user data is input from the application section <NUM> to the baseband signal processing section <NUM>. The baseband signal processing section <NUM> performs a retransmission control transmission process (for example, an HARQ transmission process), channel coding, precoding, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) process, an IFFT process and so on, and the result is forwarded to the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. The baseband signal that is output from the baseband signal processing section <NUM> is converted into a radio frequency band in the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. The radio frequency signals that are subjected to frequency conversion in the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> are amplified in the amplifying sections <NUM>, and transmitted from the transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM>.

The transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> transmit UL data without UL transmission indications (UL grants) from the radio base station <NUM>.

Also, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may receive at least one of L1 signaling for reporting parameters, L1 signaling for activation and L1 signaling for deactivation, from the radio base station <NUM>.

When certain physical layer signaling (for example, parameter-reporting L1 signaling, activation L1 signaling, deactivation L1 signaling) is received and/or not received, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may transmit a delivery acknowledgment signal, that indicates that the physical layer signaling has been received and/or has not been received, using a predetermined signal and/or channel. For example, this delivery acknowledgment may be transmitted by using at least one of MAC signaling, SRS, PUCCH, and SR.

In addition, the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> may receive information related to UL grant-free transmission parameters, information related to delivery acknowledgment, and so on, from the radio base station <NUM>.

<FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary functional structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that, although this example primarily shows functional blocks that pertain to characteristic parts of the present embodiment, the user terminal <NUM> has other functional blocks that are necessary for radio communication as well.

The control section <NUM> identifies (specifies) the configuration of UL grant-free transmission based on physical layer (L1) signaling (for example, at least one of L1 signaling for reporting parameters, L1 signaling for activation and L1 signaling for deactivation) received from the received signal processing section <NUM>.

In addition, the control section <NUM> controls UL grant-free transmission based on the identified configuration of UL grant-free transmission. Also, by means of the above physical layer signaling, the control section <NUM> may control based on which parameters UL grant-free transmission is to be performed, control whether UL grant-free transmission is employed or not, and so on.

Also, the control section <NUM> may exert control so that the radio resource for a detection signal for detecting UL grant-free transmission is determined, and, when UL grant-free transmission is employed, the detection signal is transmitted by using the determined radio resource.

Also, the control section <NUM> may determine the radio resource based on at least one of a cell-specific indicator, a beam indicator, and a user terminal-specific indicator.

The radio resource may be at least one of the signal sequence, the code, the time resource and the frequency resource of the detection signal. The detection signal may be at least one of a sounding reference signal (SRS), a signal transmitted using an uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a signal that is transmitted by using a random access channel (PRACH).

The control section <NUM> may exert control so that a plurality of radio resources are determined for <NUM> UL grant-free transmission, and the detection signal is transmitted using these multiple radio resources. Also, the control section <NUM> may exert control so that one radio resource is determined for multiple UL grant-free transmissions, and the detection signal is transmitted by using this <NUM> radio resource.

The transmission signal generation section <NUM> generates uplink signals (uplink control signals, uplink data signals, uplink reference signals, etc.) based on commands from the control section <NUM>, and outputs these signals to the mapping section <NUM>. The transmission signal generation section <NUM> can be constituted by a signal generator, a signal generating circuit or signal generation apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

For example, the transmission information generation section <NUM> generates uplink control signals such as delivery acknowledgement information, channel state information (CSI) and so on, based on commands from the control section <NUM>. Also, the transmission signal generation section <NUM> generates uplink data signals based on commands from the control section <NUM>. For example, when a UL grant is included in a downlink control signal that is reported from the radio base station <NUM>, the control section <NUM> commands the transmission signal generation section <NUM> to generate an uplink data signal.

The mapping section <NUM> maps the uplink signals generated in the transmission signal generation section <NUM> to radio resources based on commands from the control section <NUM>, and output the result to the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. The mapping section <NUM> can be constituted by a mapper, a mapping circuit or mapping apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

The received signal processing section <NUM> performs receiving processes (for example, demapping, demodulation, decoding and so on) of received signals that are input from the transmitting/receiving sections <NUM>. Here, the received signals include, for example, downlink signals (downlink control signals, downlink data signals, downlink reference signals and so on) that are transmitted from the radio base station <NUM>. The received signal processing section <NUM> can be constituted by a signal processor, a signal processing circuit or signal processing apparatus that can be described based on general understanding of the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Also, the received signal processing section <NUM> can constitute the receiving section according to the present invention.

The received signal processing section <NUM> outputs the decoded information acquired through the receiving processes, to the control section <NUM>. The received signal processing section <NUM> outputs, for example, broadcast information, system information, RRC signaling, DCI and so on, to the control section <NUM>. Also, the received signal processing section <NUM> outputs the received signals and/or the signals after the receiving processes to the measurement section <NUM>.

For example, the measurement section <NUM> may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, and so on, based on the received signals. The measurement section <NUM> may measure the received power (for example, RSRP), the received quality (for example, RSRQ, SINR, SNR, etc.), the signal strength (for example, RSSI), transmission path information (for example, CSI) and so on. The measurement results may be output to the control section <NUM>.

Note that the block diagrams that have been used to describe the above embodiments show blocks in functional units. These functional blocks (components) may be implemented in arbitrary combinations of hardware and/or software. Also, the method for implementing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized by one piece of apparatus that is physically and/or logically aggregated, or may be realized by directly and/or indirectly connecting two or more physically and/or logically separate pieces of apparatus (via wire or wireless, for example) and using these multiple pieces of apparatus.

For example, the radio base station, user terminals and so on according to one embodiment of the present invention may function as a computer that executes the processes of the radio communication method of the present invention. <FIG> is a diagram to show an exemplary hardware structure of a radio base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention. Physically, the above-described radio base stations <NUM> and user terminals <NUM> may be formed as a computer apparatus that includes a processor <NUM>, a memory <NUM>, a storage <NUM>, communication apparatus <NUM>, input apparatus <NUM>, output apparatus <NUM> and a bus <NUM>.

For example, although only <NUM> processor <NUM> is shown, a plurality of processors may be provided. Furthermore, processes may be implemented with <NUM> processor, or processes may be implemented in sequence, or in different manners, on one or more processors.

The functions of the radio base station <NUM> and the user terminal <NUM> are implemented by allowing hardware such as the processor <NUM> and the memory <NUM> to read predetermined software (programs), thereby allowing the processor <NUM> to do calculations, the communication apparatus <NUM> to communicate, and the memory <NUM> and the storage <NUM> to read and/or write data.

The processor <NUM> may control the whole computer by, for example, running an operating system. The processor <NUM> may be configured with a central processing unit (CPU), which includes interfaces with peripheral apparatus, control apparatus, computing apparatus, a register and so on. For example, the above-described baseband signal processing section <NUM> (<NUM>), call processing section <NUM> and so on may be implemented by the processor <NUM>.

The memory <NUM> is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be constituted by, for example, at least one of a ROM (Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an EEPROM (Electrically EPROM), a RAM (Random Access Memory) and/or other appropriate storage media. The memory <NUM> may be referred to as a "register," a "cache," a "main memory" (primary storage apparatus) and so on. The memory <NUM> can store executable programs (program codes), software modules and so on for implementing the radio communication methods according to embodiments of the present invention.

The communication apparatus <NUM> is hardware (transmitting/receiving apparatus) for allowing inter-computer communication by using wired and/or wireless networks, and may be referred to as, for example, a "network device," a "network controller," a "network card," a "communication module" and so on. The communication apparatus <NUM> may be configured to include a high frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer and so on in order to realize, for example, frequency division duplex (FDD) and/or time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-described transmitting/receiving antennas <NUM> (<NUM>), amplifying sections <NUM> (<NUM>), transmitting/receiving sections <NUM> (<NUM>), communication path interface <NUM> and so on may be implemented by the communication apparatus <NUM>.

Note that the terminology used in this specification and the terminology that is needed to understand this specification may be replaced by other terms that convey the same or similar meanings. For example, "channels" and/or "symbols" may be replaced by "signals" (or "signaling"). Also, "signals" may be "messages. " A reference signal may be abbreviated as an "RS," and may be referred to as a "pilot," a "pilot signal" and so on, depending on which standard applies. Furthermore, a "component carrier (CC)" may be referred to as a "cell," a "frequency carrier," a "carrier frequency" and so on.

Furthermore, a radio frame may be comprised of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be referred to as a "subframe. " Furthermore, a subframe may be comprised of one or multiple slots in the time domain. A subframe may be a fixed time duration (for example, <NUM>) not dependent on the numerology.

Furthermore, a slot may be comprised of one or more symbols in the time domain (OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, and so on). Also, a slot may be a time unit based on numerology. Also, a slot may include a plurality of minislots. Each minislot may be comprised of one or more symbols in the time domain. Also, a minislot may be referred to as a "subslot.

A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot and a symbol all represent the time unit in signal communication. A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot and a symbol may be each called by other applicable names. For example, <NUM> subframe may be referred to as a "transmission time interval (TTI)," or a plurality of consecutive subframes may be referred to as a "TTI," or <NUM> slot or mini-slot may be referred to as a "TTI. " That is, a subframe and/or a TTI may be a subframe (<NUM>) in existing LTE, may be a shorter period than <NUM> (for example, <NUM> to <NUM> symbols), or may be a longer period of time than <NUM>. Note that the unit to represent the TTI may be referred to as a "slot," a "mini slot" and so on, instead of a "subframe.

For example, in LTE systems, a radio base station schedules the radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used in each user terminal) to allocate to each user terminal in TTI units.

The TTI may be the transmission time unit of channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks and/or codewords, or may be the unit of processing in scheduling, link adaptation and so on. Note that, when a TTI is given, the period of time (for example, the number of symbols) in which transport blocks, code blocks and/or codewords are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

Note that, when <NUM> slot or <NUM> minislot is referred to as a "TTI," one or more TTIs (that is, one or multiple slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit of scheduling. Also, the number of slots (the number of minislots) to constitute this minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.

A TTI having a time duration of <NUM> may be referred to as a "normal TTI" (TTI in LTE Rel. <NUM> to <NUM>), a "long TTI," a "normal subframe," a "long subframe," and so on. A TTI that is shorter than a normal TTI may be referred to as a "shortened TTI," a "short TTI," a "partial TTI" (or a "fractional TTI"), a "shortened subframe," a "short subframe," a "mini-slot," a "sub-slot" and so on.

A resource block (RB) is the unit of resource allocation in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. Also, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may be <NUM> slot, <NUM> minislot, <NUM> subframe or <NUM> TTI in length. <NUM> TTI and <NUM> subframe each may be comprised of one or more resource blocks. Note that one or more RBs may be referred to as a "physical resource block (PRB (Physical RB))," a "subcarrier group (SCG)," a "resource element group (REG)," a "PRB pair," an "RB pair" and so on.

For example, <NUM> RE may be a radio resource field of <NUM> subcarrier and <NUM> symbol.

Note that the structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols and so on described above are merely examples. For example, configurations pertaining to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots included per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or a mini-slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol duration, the length of cyclic prefixes (CPs) and so on can be variously changed.

Also, the information and parameters described in this specification may be represented in absolute values or in relative values with respect to predetermined values, or may be represented using other applicable information. For example, a radio resource may be specified by a predetermined index.

The information, signals and so on that are input and/or output may be stored in a specific location (for example, in a memory), or may be managed in a control table. The information, signals and so on to be input and/or output can be overwritten, updated or appended. The information, signals and so on that are output may be deleted. The information, signals and so on that are input may be transmitted to other pieces of apparatus.

Reporting of information is by no means limited to the examples/embodiments described in this specification, and other methods may be used as well. For example, reporting of information may be implemented by using physical layer signaling (for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, broadcast information (the master information block (MIB), system information blocks (SIBs) and so on), MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling and so on), and other signals and/or combinations of these.

Also, reporting of predetermined information (for example, reporting of information to the effect that "X holds") does not necessarily have to be sent explicitly, and can be sent in an implicit way (for example, by not reporting this piece of information, by reporting another piece of information, and so on).

Decisions may be made in values represented by <NUM> bit (<NUM> or <NUM>), may be made in Boolean values that represent true or false, or may be made by comparing numerical values (for example, comparison against a predetermined value).

As used herein, the terms "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "eNB," "gNB," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably.

A base station can accommodate one or more (for example, <NUM>) cells (also referred to as "sectors"). When a base station accommodates a plurality of cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can provide communication services through base station subsystems (for example, indoor small base stations (RRHs (Remote Radio Heads))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to part or all of the coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage.

Furthermore, the radio base stations in this specification may be interpreted as user terminals. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a radio base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication among a plurality of user terminals (D2D (Device-to-Device)). In this case, user terminals <NUM> may have the functions of the radio base stations <NUM> described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as "side. " For example, an "uplink channel" may be interpreted as a "side channel.

Certain actions which have been described in this specification to be performed by base stations may, in some cases, be performed by their upper nodes. In a network comprised of one or more network nodes with base stations, it is clear that various operations that are performed so as to communicate with terminals can be performed by base stations, one or more network nodes (for example, MMEs (Mobility Management Entities), S-GWs (Serving-Gateways) and so on may be possible, but these are not limiting) other than base stations, or combinations of these.

The aspects/embodiments illustrated in this specification may be applied to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-B (LTE-Beyond), SUPER <NUM>, IMT-Advanced, <NUM> (4th generation mobile communication system), <NUM> (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), New-RAT (Radio Access Technology), NR (New Radio), NX (New radio access), FX (Future generation radio access), GSM (registered trademark) (Global System for Mobile communications), CDMA <NUM>, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE <NUM> (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE <NUM> (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE <NUM>, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems that use other adequate radio communication systems and/or next-generation systems that are enhanced based on these.

Reference to elements with designations such as "first," "second" and so on as used herein does not generally limit the number/quantity or order of these elements. These designations are used herein only for convenience, as a method for distinguishing between two or more elements. In this way, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only <NUM> elements may be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

As used herein, the terms "connected" and "coupled," or any variation of these terms, mean all direct or indirect connections or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between <NUM> elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical or a combination of these.

As used herein, when <NUM> elements are connected, these elements may be considered "connected" or "coupled" to each other by using one or more electrical wires, cables and/or printed electrical connections, and, as a number of nonlimiting and non-inclusive examples, by using electromagnetic energy, such as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency, microwave and optical (both visible and invisible) regions.

In the present specification, the phrase "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other. " The terms such as "leave" "coupled" and the like may be interpreted as well.

Claim 1:
A terminal (<NUM>) comprising:
a transmission section (<NUM>) configured to transmit a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH; and
a control section (<NUM>) configured to perform a control to transmit the PUSCH after a physical random access channel, PRACH, is transmitted,
characterized in that a radio resource for the PRACH is determined based on a beam indicator corresponding to a beam applied to the PUSCH.