Patent Description:
At present, most of the commonly used power supply and energy storage devices are lithium-ion batteries, and graphite anodes are the most used. Although graphite anodes have the advantages of low cost and low lithium insertion potential, with the continuous enhancement of functions such as smart terminals and electric vehicles in recent years, use strength and requirements for batteries have also been further improved. For example, wireless Internet access, high-speed data transmission, using Bluetooth to connect to smart homes and video transmission, etc., especially with the application of <NUM> networks, put forward higher requirements for the battery power of smart terminals.

In mainstream graphite system lithium-ion batteries used in smart terminals currently, the energy density of batteries is generally in the range of <NUM>~700Wh/L, and the charging rate of batteries is generally in the range of about <NUM>-3C, which is gradually unable to meet users' endurance requirements for a smart terminal. Although the current mainstream cathode material is high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide, which greatly affects the energy density of smart terminal batteries, the specific capacity of the anode also determines nearly half of the specific capacity of the batteries. The actual available capacity of the battery is also related to the tilt of the negative electrode delithiation voltage platform. The flatter the delithiation voltage platform, the higher the available capacity of the negative electrode, and the higher the specific capacity of the battery.

The theoretical specific capacity of the traditional graphite cathode is about 372mAh/g, and the lithium insertion voltage is about <NUM>. Since silicon can form a multi-phase alloy LixSi with lithium, it has a theoretical specific capacity of about 3600mAh/g at room temperature, which is much greater than the theoretical specific weight of the graphite anode, and the lithium insertion voltage is also <NUM>. It can be seen that the silicon anode will be a development direction to improve the energy density of lithium-ion batteries at the anode level in the future.

The foregoing information disclosed in the background section is used only for enhancing the understanding of the background to be disclosed, and therefore it may include information that does not constitute a prior art known to the persons skilled in the art. <CIT>, <CIT>, and <CIT> are related prior art references for this field.

In view of this, the present disclosure provides a charging and discharging control method, and a device.

The above and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing its exemplary embodiments in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The following embodiment in <FIG> are not according to the present disclosure and are present for illustration purpose only. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the examples set forth herein; on the contrary, the provision of these embodiments makes the present disclosure more comprehensive and complete, and fully conveys the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

Furthermore, the described features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, many specific details are provided to give a sufficient understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc., can be used. In other cases, well-known structures, methods, devices, implementations, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid overwhelming people and obscure all aspects of the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly defined and defined, the terms "connected," "connected" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it may be Electrical connection can also be mutual communication; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In addition, in the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. "And/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, such as A and/or B, which can indicate the existence of A alone, B alone, and both A and B. The symbol "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.

First, the current battery charging process is described here.

The battery charging process may include a trickle charging stage (or mode), a constant current charging stage (or mode), a constant voltage charging stage (or mode), and a supplementary charging stage (or mode). In the trickle charging stage, the fully discharged battery is precharged (i.e., restorative charging). The current in the trickle charging stage is usually one-tenth of the current in the constant current charging stage. When the battery voltage rises above the current threshold in the trickle charging stage, increase the charging current and enter the constant current charging stage. In the constant current charging stage, the battery is charged with a constant current, and the charging voltage rises rapidly. When the charging voltage reaches the expected charging voltage threshold of the battery, it will enter the constant voltage charging stage. In the constant voltage charging stage, the battery is charged with a constant voltage, and the charging current gradually decreases; when the charging current drops to the preset current threshold (the preset current threshold is usually one-tenth or less of the charging current value in the constant current charging stage, optionally, the preset current threshold can be tens of milliamps or less), the battery is fully charged. After the battery is fully charged, due to the influence of the battery's self-discharge, some current loss will occur. At this time, it will enter the supplementary charging stage. In the supplementary charging stage, the charging current is very small and just to ensure that the battery is at full capacity.

It should be noted that the constant current charging stage does not require the charging current to remain completely constant. For example, it can generally mean that the peak or average value of the charging current remains unchanged for a period of time. In practice, the constant current charging stage can be charged in a multi-stages constant current charging stage.

The multi-stages constant current charging stage can have M constant current stages (M is an integer not less than <NUM>), the multi-stages constant current charging stage starts the first stage charging with a preset charging current, and the M constant current stages of the multi-stages constant current charging are executed in sequence from the first stage to the M-th stage. When the previous constant current stage in the constant current charging stage turns to the next constant current stage, the current can be reduced; when the battery voltage reaches the charge termination voltage threshold, the previous constant current stage in the constant current charging stage will shift to the next constant current stage. The current conversion process between two adjacent constant current stages can be gradual or stepwise jump changes.

The wireless charging system and the wired charging system in related technologies are respectively introduced below.

In the process of wireless charging, a power supply device (such as an adapter) is generally connected to a wireless charging device (such as a wireless charging base), and the output power of the power supply device is transmitted to the device to be charged through the wireless charging device in a wireless way (such as electromagnetic signals or electromagnetic waves), and charge for the device to be charged wirelessly.

According to different principles of wireless charging, wireless charging methods are mainly divided into three methods magnetic coupling (or electromagnetic induction), magnetic resonance and radio waves. Currently, mainstream wireless charging standards include QI standard, Power Matters Alliance (PMA) standard, and Wireless Power Alliance (Alliance for Wireless Power, A4WP). Both the QI standard and the PMA standard use magnetic coupling for wireless charging. The A4WP standard uses magnetic resonance for wireless charging.

<FIG> is a system structure diagram of a wireless charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Refer to <FIG>, the wireless charging system <NUM> includes a power supply device <NUM>, a wireless charging device <NUM>, and a device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>). The power supply device <NUM> may be, for example, a power adapter, a power bank, etc.; the wireless charging device <NUM> may be, for example, a wireless charging base; and the device to be charged <NUM> may be, for example, a terminal device.

After the power supply device <NUM> is connected to the wireless charging device <NUM>, the output current is transmitted to the wireless charging device <NUM>.

The wireless charging device <NUM> includes a wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> and a first control module <NUM>.

The wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> is configured to convert the electrical energy output by the power supply device <NUM> into electromagnetic signals (or electromagnetic waves) for transmission, so as to charge wirelessly for the device to be charged <NUM>. For example, the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> may include a wireless transmitting drive circuit and a transmitting coil (or transmitting antenna). The wireless transmitting drive circuit is configured to convert the direct current output by the power supply device <NUM> into high frequency alternating current, and convert the high frequency alternating current into an electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave) through a transmitting coil or a transmitting antenna and transmit it out.

The first control module <NUM> may be implemented by, for example, a micro control unit (MCU). The first control module <NUM> may be used to perform wireless communication with the device to be charged <NUM> during the wireless charging process of the device to be charged <NUM> by the wireless charging device <NUM>. Specifically, the first control module <NUM> may perform wireless communication with the second control module <NUM> in the device <NUM> to be charged.

In addition, the wireless charging device <NUM> may further include a charging interface <NUM>. The wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> can also be used to receive the electric energy output by the power supply device <NUM> through the charging interface <NUM>, and generate an electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave) according to the electric energy output by the power supply device <NUM>.

The charging interface <NUM> may be, for example, a USB <NUM> interface, a Micro USB interface, or a USB TYPE-C interface. In some embodiments, the charging interface <NUM> may also be a lightning interface, or any other type of parallel port or serial port that can be used for charging.

The wireless charging device <NUM> can communicate with the power supply device <NUM>. For example, it can communicate through the charging interface <NUM>, without setting an additional communication interface or other wireless communication module, which can simplify the implementation of the wireless charging device <NUM>. For example, the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface, the wireless charging device <NUM> (or the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>) and the power supply device <NUM> can communicate based on the data lines (such as D+ and/or D- lines) in the USB interface. For another example, the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface (such as a USB TYPE-C interface) that supports a power delivery (PD) communication protocol, and the wireless charging device <NUM> (or wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>) and the power supply device <NUM> can communicate based on the PD communication protocol.

In addition, the wireless charging device <NUM> may also be communicatively connected to the power supply device <NUM> through other communication manner other than the charging interface <NUM>. For example, the wireless charging device <NUM> may communicate with the power supply device <NUM> in a wireless manner, such as Near Field Communication (NFC).

The device to be charged <NUM> may be, for example, a terminal or a communication terminal. The terminal or communication terminal includes but is not limited to a device that is set to be connected via a wired line, such as via a public switched telephone network (PSTN) or a digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network and/or via, for example, cellular network, wireless local area network (WLAN), such as handheld digital video broadcasting (digital video broadcasting handheld, DVB-H) network of digital television network, satellite network, amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) broadcast transmitter, and/or the wireless interface of another communication terminal to receive/send communication signals. The communication terminal set to communicate through a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal," a "wireless terminal" and/or a "mobile terminal. " Examples of mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radio phones with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; can include radio phones, pagers, and the Internet/ Personal digital assistant (PDA) with intranet access, web browser, memo pad, calendar, and/or global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop Receiver or other electronic devices including a radio telephone transceiver. In addition, the terminal can also include, but is not limited to, electronic book readers, smart wearable devices, mobile power sources (such as power banks, travel chargers), electronic cigarettes, wireless mice, wireless keyboards, wireless headphones, Bluetooth speakers, etc. Rechargeable electronic equipment.

The device to be charged <NUM> includes a wireless receiving circuit <NUM>, a battery <NUM>, a first charging channel <NUM> (Not shown in <FIG>), a second control module <NUM>, and a detect circuit <NUM>.

The wireless receiving circuit <NUM> is used to receive the electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave) emitted by the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>, and convert the electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave) into the direct current output by the wireless receiving circuit <NUM>. For example, the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> may include a receiving coil or a receiving antenna, and a rectifying circuit and/or a filtering circuit or other shaping circuits connected to the receiving coil or the receiving antenna. The wireless receiving circuit <NUM> converts the electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave) emitted by the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> into alternating current through a receiving coil or a receiving antenna, and rectifies and/or filters the alternating current through a shaping circuit, thereby converting the alternating current into a stable direct current to charge the battery <NUM>.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the specific form of the shaping circuit and the form of output voltage and output current of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> obtained after the shaping circuit is shaped.

In addition, in some embodiments, the device to be charged <NUM> may further include a first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. The first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is set on the first charging channel <NUM> (for example, a wire), and is set between the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> and the battery <NUM>. When the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> cannot meet the expected charging voltage requirement of the battery <NUM>, and/or the output current of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> cannot meet the expected charging current requirement of the battery <NUM>, the conversion can be performed first by the first voltage conversion circuit to obtain the expected charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery <NUM>. For example, the output voltage and output current of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> are input into the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> through the first charging channel <NUM>; after the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> converts the input voltage, the output voltage and current are applied to both ends of the battery <NUM> through the first charging channel <NUM> to meet the expected charging voltage and/or charging current requirements of the battery <NUM>.

The battery <NUM> may include a single cell or multiple cells. When the battery <NUM> includes multiple cells, the multiple cells may be connected in series. As a result, the charging voltage that the battery <NUM> can withstand is the sum of the charging voltages that the multiple cells can withstand, which can increase the charging speed and reduce charging heat.

For example, taking a mobile phone as an example of the device to be charged <NUM>, when the battery <NUM> of the device to be charged <NUM> includes a single cell, the voltage of the internal single cell is generally between <NUM>. 0V and <NUM>. When the battery <NUM> of the device to be charged <NUM> includes two battery cells connected in series, the total voltage of the two battery cells connected in series is <NUM>. Therefore, compared with a single cell, when multiple cells are connected in series, the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> can be increased. Compared with a single-cell battery, the charging current required by a multi-cell battery is about <NUM>/N of the charging current required by a single-cell battery (N is the number of batteries which is series-connected in the device <NUM> to be charged) when the same charging speed is achieved. In other words, under the premise of ensuring the same charging speed (same charging power), the solution of multiple battery cells can reduce charging current, thereby reducing the heat generated by the device <NUM> to be charged during the charging process. On the other hand, compared with the single-cell solution, the multi-cell series solution can increase the charging voltage, thereby increasing the charging speed under the condition that the charging current remains the same.

The second control module <NUM> may be implemented by, for example, an independent MCU, or may also be implemented by an application processor (AP) inside the device <NUM> to be charged. The second control module <NUM> is used to communicate with the first control module <NUM> in the wireless charging device <NUM>, and feedback detected information such as voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM>, remaining power or preset full time of battery <NUM> to the wireless charging device <NUM>, and feedback error information and transmission termination information to the first control module <NUM>. In addition, the feedback information can also include a voltage and/or current adjustment command determined by the device to be charged <NUM> based on detected information such as voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM>, remaining power, or preset full time.

The detect circuit <NUM> is used to detect the voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM>. In some embodiments, when the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is provided in the device <NUM> to be charged, the voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM> may refer to the voltage between the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> and the battery <NUM>, that is, the output voltage and/or output current of the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. the output voltage and/or output current are directly applied to the battery <NUM> to charge for the battery <NUM>. Or, the voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM> may also refer to the voltage value and/or current value between the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> and the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, that is, the output voltage value and/or current value of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the detect circuit <NUM> may include a voltage detect circuit and a current detect circuit.

The voltage detect circuit is used to sample the voltage on the first charging channel <NUM> and transmit the sampled voltage value to the second control module <NUM>. The voltage detect circuit may, for example, sample the voltage on the first charging channel <NUM> in a series voltage division manner.

The current detect circuit is used to sample the current on the first charging channel <NUM> and transmit the sampled current value to the second control module <NUM>. The current detect circuit may, for example, sample the current on the first charging channel <NUM> through a current-sense resistor and a galvanometer.

After the first control module <NUM> receives the information fed back from the device to be charged <NUM> through the second control module <NUM>, the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> can be adjusted according to the voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM>, or according to the aforementioned voltage and/or current adjustment command, such that the voltage and/or current of the direct current output by the first charging channel <NUM> matches the charging voltage and/or current required by the battery <NUM>.

It should be understood that the above "matching the charging voltage and/or current required by the battery <NUM>" includes the voltage and/or current of the direct current output by the first charging channel <NUM> is equal to the expected charging voltage and/or current of the battery <NUM>, or the voltage and/or current of the direct current output by the first charging channel <NUM> floats within a preset range (for example, the voltage value fluctuates between <NUM> mV and <NUM> mV).

Alternatively, after the first control module <NUM> receives the information fed back from the device to be charged <NUM> through the second control module <NUM>, the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> can be adjusted based on the voltage value and/or current value on the first charging channel <NUM>, or based on the aforementioned voltage and/or current adjustment command, so that the voltage and/or current of the direct current output by the first charging channel <NUM> matches the requirements of the battery <NUM> in at least one charging stage of the trickle charging stage, constant current charging stage, and constant voltage charging stage.

In addition, as described above, the second control module <NUM> may also send battery status information to the first control module <NUM>. The battery status information includes the current power and/or current voltage of the battery <NUM> in the device <NUM> to be charged. After the first control module <NUM> receives the battery status information, the current charging stage of the battery <NUM> can be determined according to the battery status information first, and then the target output voltage value and/or the target output current value matching the current charging stage of the battery <NUM> is determined. Then, the first control module <NUM> may compare the output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> sent by the second control module <NUM> with the determined, and related to the current charging stage of the battery <NUM>, target output voltage value and/or the target charging current, to determine whether the output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> matches the determined charging stage of the battery <NUM> currently. If it does not match, the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> is adjusted until the output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> fed back match the current charging stage of the battery <NUM>.

In addition, as described above, the second control module <NUM> can directly feedback the detected output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> to the first control module <NUM>, and can also feedback an adjustment command determined according to the detected output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM>. The adjustment command may be a command to increase or decrease the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>, for example. Alternatively, the wireless charging device <NUM> may also set multiple transmission power levels for the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>, and the first control module <NUM> adjusts the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> by one level each time the adjustment instruction is received, until the feedback output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> match the current charging stage of the battery <NUM>.

The present disclosure does not limit the communication mode and communication sequence between the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM> (or the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM>).

In some embodiments, the wireless communication between the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM> (or the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM>) may be one-way wireless communication. Take it as an example that the device to be charged <NUM> is the initiator of communication, and the wireless charging device <NUM> is the receiver of the communication in the wireless charging process of the battery <NUM>. For example, in the constant current charging stage of the battery, the device to be charged <NUM> can implement detection of the charging current of the battery <NUM> through the detect circuit <NUM> (that is, the output current of the first charging channel <NUM>). When the charging current of the battery <NUM> does not match the current charging stage, the device to be charged <NUM> sends feedback information or adjustment information to the wireless charging device <NUM> to instruct the wireless charging device <NUM> to adjust the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the wireless communication between the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM> (or the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM>) may be two-way wireless communication. Two-way wireless communication generally requires the receiver to send response information to the initiator after receiving the communication request initiated by the initiator. The two-way communication can make the communication process more secure. In the two-way wireless communication process, any one of the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM> can act as the master device to initiate a two-way communication session, and the other one can act as a slave device to give a first response or a first reply to the communication initiated by the master device, and further, the master device will make a targeted second response after receiving the first response or the first reply, thereby reply communication negotiation process between the master and the slave device is completed.

The targeted second response made by the master device after receiving the first response or the first reply includes that the master device does not receive the first response or the first reply from the slave device for the communication session within the preset time, the master device will also make a targeted second response to the first response or the first reply of the slave device.

In addition, after the slave device makes the first response or the first reply for the communication session initiated by the master device side, there is no need for the master device to make a targeted second response to the first response or the first reply from the slave device. That is, reply communication negotiation process between the master and the slave device is completed.

During the communication process between the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM>, the second control module <NUM> in the device to be charged <NUM> can couple the feedback information to the receiving coil of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> and send it to the first control module <NUM> in the wireless charging device <NUM>.

Alternatively, the device <NUM> to be charged can also communicate with the wireless charging device <NUM> via at least one of communication modes such as Bluetooth, WiFi, mobile cellular network (such as <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> or <NUM>), wireless communication (such as IEEE <NUM>, <NUM> (WPANs), <NUM> (WiMAX), <NUM>, etc.), based on at least one of high-frequency antenna (such as <NUM>) short-range wireless communication, optical communication (such as infrared communication), ultrasonic communication, ultra-wideband (UMB) communication, to send the above feedback information to the wireless charging device <NUM>. It is understandable that when communicating through the above-mentioned communication method, the device to be charged <NUM> and the wireless charging device <NUM> also include corresponding communication modules, such as at least one of a Bluetooth communication module, a WiFi communication module, a <NUM>/<NUM>/<NUM>/<NUM> mobile communication module, a high frequency antenna, an optical communication module, an ultrasonic communication module, an ultra-wideband communication module, etc. It should be understood that the aforementioned standards applicable to wireless communication include previous and existing standards, and also include future versions and future standards that adopt these standards without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. By communicating through the above-mentioned wireless communication mode, the reliability of communication can be improved, thereby improving charging safety. Compared with the communication method that the feedback information is coupled to the receiving coil of the wireless receiving circuit <NUM> through signal modulation in the related technology (for example, the Qi standard), the reliability of communication can be improved, and voltage ripple caused by using signal coupling communication bands can be avoided, which affects the voltage processing process of the first voltage conversion circuit <NUM> of the device <NUM> to be charged. In addition, for the voltage ripple when the wireless receiving coil is output, if the ripple is not effectively processed, it may cause wireless charging safety problems, and there are certain safety risks. Communication through the above-mentioned wireless communication method can eliminate voltage ripple, thereby eliminate the need for a circuit for processing voltage ripple, reduce the complexity of the charging circuit of the device <NUM> to be charged, improve charging efficiency, and save circuit installation space, cut costs.

The power supply device <NUM> may be a power supply device with a fixed output power, or a power supply device with an adjustable output power. The power supply device with adjustable output power can be provided with a voltage feedback loop and a current feedback loop, so that its output voltage and/or output current can be adjusted according to actual needs.

As described above, the wireless charging device <NUM> can continuously adjust the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> during the charging process, so that the output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel <NUM> match the current charging stage of the battery <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the first control module <NUM> can adjust the amount of power extracted by the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> from the maximum output power provided by the power supply device <NUM>, thereby adjusting the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>. In other words, the control right to adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> is allocated to the first control module <NUM>, and the first control module <NUM> can adjust the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> through adjusting the output power extracted from the maximum output power after receiving the feedback information of the device <NUM> to be charged, which has the advantages of fast adjustment speed and high efficiency.

For example, a power adjustment circuit may be provided inside the first control module <NUM>, inside the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>, or between the first control module <NUM> and the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>. The power adjustment circuit may include, for example, a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller and a switch unit. The first control module <NUM> may adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> by adjusting the duty cycle of the control signal sent by the PWM controller, and/or by controlling the switching frequency of the switch unit.

Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first control module <NUM> may adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the power supply device <NUM> by communicating with the power supply device <NUM>, to adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>. That is to say, the control right for adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> is allocated to the power supply device <NUM>, and the power supply device <NUM> adjusts the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> by changing the output voltage and/or output current. The advantage of this adjustment method is that as much power is required by the wireless charging device <NUM>, the power supply device <NUM> provides as much power, and there is no waste of power.

It should be understood that, similar to the communication method between the wireless charging device <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM>, the communication between the wireless charging device <NUM> (or the first control module <NUM>) and the power supply device <NUM> may be one-way communication, or it may be two-way communication, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

<FIG> is a system structure diagram of another wireless charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the difference from the wireless charging system <NUM> shown in <FIG> is that the wireless charging device <NUM> in the wireless charging system <NUM> further includes a second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>. The second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is provided between the charging interface <NUM> and the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>, and the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> can be used to receive the output voltage and output current of the power supply device <NUM>, the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> is used to generate electromagnetic signals (or electromagnetic waves) based on the voltage and current which are converted by the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>.

Adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> by the first control module <NUM> may include the first control module <NUM> adjusts the voltage and/or current converted by the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, to adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>.

When the power supply device <NUM> is a power supply device with a fixed output power, the first control module can adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, thereby adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>. The versatility of the wireless charging device <NUM> is improved to be applicable to the existing ordinary power supply device <NUM>. The second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> may include, for example, a PWM controller and a switch unit. The first control module may adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the circuit <NUM> through adjusting the duty cycle of the control signal sent by the PWM controller and/or through controlling the switching frequency of the switch unit, thereby adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> may receive the output voltage and output current of the power supply device <NUM> through the charging interface <NUM>. For example, when the power supply device <NUM> is a common power supply device, the wireless charging device <NUM> is connected to the common power supply device through the charging interface <NUM>, and during wireless charging, the first control module <NUM> can control the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> to start working, and adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the second voltage conversion circuit <NUM> according to the feedback information of the device <NUM> to be charged, so that the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> matches the current charging requirement of the battery <NUM>. The adjustment method also allocates the control right for adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> to the first control module <NUM>. The first control module <NUM> can immediately control the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> after receiving the feedback information of the device <NUM> to be charged. The adjustment method has the advantages of fast adjustment speed and high efficiency.

It should also be understood that the output current of the power supply device <NUM> may be constant direct current, pulsating direct current or alternating current, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

The above description is based on the example in which the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> is connected to the power supply device <NUM>, and the power is obtained from the power supply device <NUM>. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this. The wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> can also be integrated inside the function as an adapter, so that it can directly convert the externally input AC current (such as mains) into the above-mentioned electromagnetic signal (or electromagnetic wave). For example, the function of the adapter may be integrated in the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> of the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM>. For example, a rectifier circuit, a primary filter circuit, and/or a transformer may be integrated in the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM>. In this way, the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> can be used to receive externally input AC current (such as 220V AC current, or city power), and generate electromagnetic signals (or electromagnetic waves) based on the AC current. The wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> integrates inside a function similar to an adapter, so that the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> does not need to obtain power from an external power supply device, which improves the integration of the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> and reduces the number of devices required for the realization of wireless charging process.

In addition, the above-mentioned power supply device <NUM> includes a fast-charging type power supply device and a normal-charging type power supply device. The maximum output power provided by the fast-charging type power supply device is greater than or equal to the preset value. The maximum output power provided by the normal-charging type power supply device is less than the preset value. It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the fast-charging type power supply device and the normal-charging type power supply device are only classified by the maximum output power, and other characteristics of the power supply device are not distinguished here. That is to say, the fast-charging type and the normal-charging type can be equivalent to the first-charging type and the second-charging type, respectively. For example, a power supply device with a maximum output power greater than or equal to 20W may be classified as a fast-charging type power supply device, and a power supply device with a maximum output power less than 20W may be classified as a normal-charging type power supply device.

Correspondingly, the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> can support the first wireless charging mode and the second wireless charging mode, and the charging speed of the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> charging to the device to be charged <NUM> in the first wireless charging mode is greater than the charging speed of the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> charging to the device to be charged <NUM> in the second wireless charging mode. In other words, compared to the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> working in the second wireless charging mode, the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> working in the first wireless charging mode takes a shorter time to charge the battery with the same capacity of the equipment to be charged <NUM>.

The first wireless charging mode may be a fast wireless charging mode. The fast wireless charging mode may refer to a wireless charging mode in which the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> has a large transmission power (usually greater than or equal to 15W).

The second wireless charging mode may be a normal wireless charging mode, which may refer to a wireless charging method in which the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> has a small transmission power (usually less than 15W, and the commonly used transmission power is 5W or 10W), for example, it can be a traditional wireless charging mode based on QI standard, PMA standard or A4WP standard.

In the normal wireless charging mode, it usually takes several hours to fully charge a large capacity battery (such as a <NUM> mAh battery); while in the fast wireless charging mode, the charging speed is faster, and the charging time required to completely fully charge a battery of the same capacity can be significantly shortened.

In some embodiments, the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM> perform two-way communication to control the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> in the first wireless charging mode.

In some embodiments, the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM> may perform two-way communication to control the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit <NUM> in the first wireless charging mode. The process may include the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM> performs two-way communication to negotiate a wireless charging mode between the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> and the device <NUM> to be charged.

For example, the first control module <NUM> conducts handshake communication with the second control module <NUM>. If the handshake communication is successful, the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> is controlled to use the first wireless charging mode to charge the device <NUM> to be charged, and if the handshake communication fails, the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> is controlled to use the second wireless charging mode to charge the device <NUM> to be charged.

Handshake communication can refer to the identification of the identities of the two communicating parties. The successful handshake communication may indicate that the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> and the device to be charged <NUM> both support a wireless charging method with adjustable transmission power. The failure of the handshake communication may indicate that at least one of the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM>, and the device to be charged <NUM> does not support a wireless charging method with adjustable transmission power.

In the present disclosure, the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> does not blindly use the first wireless charging mode for fast wireless charging of the device <NUM> to be charged, but performs two-way communication with the device <NUM> to be charged to negotiate whether the first wireless charging mode can be used to fast wireless charging to the device <NUM> to be charged, which can improve the safety of the charging process.

In some embodiments, the first control module <NUM> and the second control module <NUM> perform two-way communication to negotiate the wireless charging mode between the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> and the device <NUM> to be charged, for example, includes the second control module <NUM> sends a first command, and the first command is used to inquire whether the device to be charged <NUM> turns on the first wireless charging mode; the first control module <NUM> receives a reply command to the first command sent by the second control module <NUM>, the reply command is used to indicate whether the device to be charged <NUM> agrees to turn on the first wireless charging mode; when the device to be charged <NUM> agrees to turn on the first wireless charging mode, the first control module controls the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> to use the first wireless charging mode to charge the device <NUM> to be charged.

In addition to determining the wireless charging mode based on communication negotiation, the first control module <NUM> can also select or switch the wireless charging mode according to some other factors. For example, the first control module <NUM> can also control the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> to use the first wireless charging mode or the second wireless charging mode to charge the battery <NUM> according to the temperature of the battery <NUM>. For example, when the temperature is lower than a preset low temperature threshold (such as <NUM> or <NUM>), the first control module <NUM> may control the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> to use the second wireless charging mode for normal charging, and when the temperature is greater than or equal to preset low temperature threshold, the first control module <NUM> may control the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> to use the first wireless charging mode for fast charging. Further, when the temperature is higher than a high temperature threshold (for example, <NUM>° C. ), the first control module <NUM> may control the wireless charging device <NUM> or <NUM> to stop charging.

Before introducing the wired charging system, first explain the "normal-charging type" and "fast-charging type" in the wired charging system. The normal-charging type means that the adapter outputs a relatively small current value (usually less than <NUM>. 5A) or uses a relatively small power (usually less than 15W) to charge the battery in the device to be charged. It usually takes several hours to fully charge a larger capacity battery (such as a <NUM> mAh battery) in the normal-charging type. Fast-charging type means that the adapter can output a relatively large current (usually greater than <NUM>. 5A, such as <NUM>. 5A, 5A or even higher) or relatively large power (usually greater than or equal to 15W) to charge the battery in the device to be charged. Compared with the normal-charging mode, the charging speed of the adapter in the fast-charging mode is faster, and the charging time required to fully charge the battery of the same capacity can be significantly shortened.

In the wired charging process, a power supply device (such as an adapter) is generally connected to the device to be charged through a cable, and the power provided by the power supply device is transmitted to the device to be charged through the cable to charge the device to be charged.

<FIG> is a system structure diagram of a wired charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the wired charging system <NUM> includes a power supply device <NUM> and a device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>), wherein, the power supply device <NUM> may be, for example, a power adapter, a power bank, etc.; the device to be charged <NUM> may be, for example, a terminal device.

The device to be charged <NUM> can be charged by a 10W (5V/2A) power supply device <NUM>, that is, the power supply device <NUM> uses the above-mentioned normal-charging type to charge the device to be charged <NUM>.

The power supply device <NUM> includes a rectifier circuit <NUM>, a filter circuit <NUM>, and a charging interface <NUM>.

The rectifier circuit <NUM> is used to convert the input AC current into DC current, and the filter circuit <NUM> is used to filter the DC current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM> to provide stable DC current to the device to be charged <NUM> connected to the charging interface <NUM>.

The device to be charged <NUM> includes a charging interface <NUM>, a battery unit <NUM>, a charging integrated circuit (IC) <NUM>, and other circuits <NUM>.

The device to be charged <NUM> receives the electric energy provided by the power supply device <NUM> through the charging interface <NUM>. The charging interface <NUM> may be, for example, a USB <NUM> interface, a Micro USB interface, or a USB TYPE-C interface. In some embodiments, the charging interface <NUM> may also be a lightning interface, or any other type of parallel port or serial port that can be used for charging. The battery unit <NUM> contains, for example, a single lithium battery unit. The charge cut-off voltage of a single cell is generally <NUM>. Therefore, a charging integrated circuit <NUM> needs to be configured to convert the 5V voltage into the expected charging voltage of the battery unit <NUM>.

In addition, the charging integrated circuit <NUM> can also be used as a conversion circuit to control the charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery unit <NUM> in the above-mentioned different charging stages. For example, in the constant current charging stage, the conversion circuit can use a current feedback loop to make the current entering the battery meet the expected first charging current of the battery. In the constant voltage charging stage, the conversion circuit can use a voltage feedback loop to make the voltage applied to the two ends of the battery unit <NUM> meet the expected charging voltage of the battery. In the trickle charging stage, the conversion circuit can use the current feedback loop to make the current entering the battery meet the second charging current expected by the battery (the second charging current is less than the first charging current).

The charging integrated circuit <NUM> can also obtain battery capacity information of the battery unit <NUM> to adjust the charging voltage and/or charging current loaded on both ends of the battery unit <NUM> according to the battery capacity information of the battery unit <NUM>. For example, the charging integrated circuit <NUM> may measure the charging voltage and/or charging current through a fuel gauge.

<FIG> is a system structure diagram of another wired charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the wired charging system <NUM> includes a power supply device <NUM> and a device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>). Wherein, the power supply device <NUM> may be, for example, a power adapter, a power bank, etc.; the device to be charged <NUM> may be, for example, a terminal device.

The device to be charged <NUM> can be quickly charged by a 20W (5V/4A) high-power power supply device <NUM>. That is, the power supply device <NUM> uses the aforementioned fast-charging type to charge the device to be charged <NUM>.

The power supply device <NUM> includes a rectifier circuit <NUM>, a filter circuit <NUM>, a voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, a first control unit <NUM>, and a charging interface <NUM>.

Wherein, the rectifier circuit <NUM> is used to convert the input AC current into DC current; the filter circuit <NUM> is used to filter the DC current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM> to provide stable DC current; the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is used to perform voltage conversion on the DC current output from the filter circuit <NUM>, the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is usually a step-down circuit configured to provide a suitable voltage direct current to the device to be charged <NUM> through the charging interface <NUM>; the first control unit <NUM> is used to receive feedback from the device <NUM> to control the voltage and/or current of the direct current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM>. In addition, the first control unit <NUM> is also used to control the charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery unit <NUM> in the device to be charged <NUM> in the above-mentioned different charging stages (e.g., constant current charging stage, constant voltage charging stage, etc.).

In some embodiments, the power supply device <NUM> can also provide pulsating DC current to charge the device to be charged <NUM>. The power supply device <NUM> outputs pulsating DC current. For example, the aforementioned filter circuit <NUM> can be removed, so that the unfiltered current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM> can be used to directly charge the device to be charged <NUM> through the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> and the charging interface <NUM>. Alternatively, the electrolytic capacitor included in the aforementioned filter circuit <NUM> can also be removed to realize the output of pulsating direct current.

The device to be charged <NUM> includes a charging interface <NUM>, a battery unit <NUM>, a second control unit <NUM>, a detect circuit <NUM>, and a charging circuit <NUM>.

The charging circuit <NUM> is connected to the charging interface <NUM> and the battery unit <NUM>, the charging circuit <NUM> is used to charge the battery unit <NUM>. The charging interface <NUM> may be, for example, a USB <NUM> interface, a Micro USB interface, or a USB TYPE-C interface. In some embodiments, the charging interface <NUM> may also be a lightning interface, or any other type of parallel port or serial port that can be used for charging.

Takes the battery unit <NUM> includes a lithium battery containing a single lithium battery cell as an example. Because there is a voltage conversion circuit <NUM> in the power supply device <NUM>, the voltage output by the power supply device <NUM> can be directly applied to both ends of the battery unit <NUM>, so that the charging circuit <NUM> uses a direct charging way to charge the battery unit <NUM>. The electrical energy output by the power supply device <NUM> is directly supplied to the battery unit <NUM> for charging the battery without voltage conversion after transmission through the charging circuit <NUM>. Alternatively, the charging circuit <NUM> may be a switch circuit. After the current output by the power supply device <NUM> transmits through the charging circuit <NUM>, the voltage drop changes little, so that it will not substantially affect the charging process of the battery unit <NUM>.

The detect circuit <NUM> is used to detect the voltage value and/or current value between the charging circuit <NUM> and the battery unit <NUM>, that is, the output voltage and/or output current of the charging circuit <NUM>. The output voltage and/or output current are directly applied to the battery unit <NUM> to charge the battery unit <NUM>. In addition, the detect circuit <NUM> may also include a fuel gauge for detecting the capacity of the battery unit <NUM>.

The second control unit <NUM> communicates with the power supply device <NUM> to transmit the voltage value and/or current value applied to the battery unit <NUM> detected by the detect circuit <NUM> and the battery capacity information of the battery unit <NUM> to the power supply device <NUM>. The second control unit <NUM> may communicate with the power supply device <NUM>, for example, through the charging interface <NUM> without setting an additional communication interface or other wireless communication module. If the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface, the second control unit <NUM> and the power supply device <NUM> may communicate based on the data line (such as D+ and/or D- line) in the USB interface. In another example, the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface (such as a USB TYPE-C interface) supporting a power transmission (PD) communication protocol, and the second control unit <NUM> and the power supply device <NUM> may communicate based on the PD communication protocol. In addition, the second control unit <NUM> may also be communicatively connected with the power supply device <NUM> through other communication methods than the charging interface <NUM>. For example, the second control unit <NUM> may communicate with the power supply device <NUM> in a wireless manner, such as near field communication.

For a device to be charged that contains a single battery cell, when a larger charging current is used to charge the single battery cell, the heating phenomenon of the device to be charged is more serious. In order to ensure the charging speed of the device to be charged and to alleviate the heating phenomenon of the device to be charged during the charging process, the battery structure can be modified to use multiple battery cells connected in series and directly charge the multiple battery cells, that is the voltage output by the adapter is directly applied to both ends of the battery unit containing multiple cells. Compared with the single-cell solution (that is, the capacity of the single-cell before the improvement is the same as the total capacity of the multiple-cell series after the improvement), the charging current required by the multiple-cell is about <NUM>/N of the charging current required by a single cell (N is the number of cells connected in series) when the same charging speed is to be achieved. In other words, under the premise of ensuring the same charging speed, series connection of multiple cells can greatly reduce the size of the charging current, thereby further reducing the heat generated by the device to be charged during the charging process.

<FIG> is a system structure diagram showing still another wired charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the wired charging system <NUM> includes a power supply device <NUM> and a device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>). Wherein, the power supply device <NUM> may be, for example, a power adapter, a mobile power bank, etc.; the device to be charged <NUM> may be, for example, a terminal device.

The device to be charged <NUM> can be quickly charged by a 50W (10V/5A) high-power power supply device <NUM>. That is, the power supply device <NUM> uses the aforementioned fast-charging type to charge the device to be charged <NUM>.

Wherein, the rectifier circuit <NUM> is used to convert the input AC current into DC current; the filter circuit <NUM> is used to filter the DC current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM> to provide stable DC current; the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is used to perform voltage conversion on the DC current output from the filter circuit <NUM> to provide DC current of a suitable voltage to the device to be charged <NUM> connected to the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> through the charging interface <NUM>; the first control unit <NUM> is used to receive feedback from the device to be charged <NUM> to control the voltage and/or current of the DC current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM>. In addition, the first control unit <NUM> is also used to control the charging voltage and/or the charging current of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' of the device to be charged <NUM> during the above-mentioned different charging stages (such as constant current charging stage, constant voltage charging stage, etc.).

In some embodiments, the power supply device <NUM> can also provide pulsating DC current to charge the device to be charged <NUM>. The power supply device <NUM> outputs pulsating DC current, for example, the aforementioned filter circuit <NUM> can be removed, so that the unfiltered current output by the rectifier circuit <NUM> is transmitted through the voltage conversion circuit <NUM> and the charging interface <NUM>, and then directly supplied to the device to be charged <NUM>. Alternatively, the electrolytic capacitor included in the aforementioned filter circuit <NUM> can also be removed to realize the output of pulsating direct current.

The device to be charged <NUM> includes a charging interface <NUM>, a first battery unit <NUM>, a second battery unit <NUM>', a second control unit <NUM>, a detect circuit <NUM>, and a charging circuit <NUM>.

Wherein, the charging interface <NUM> may be, for example, a USB <NUM> interface, a Micro USB interface, or a USB TYPE-C interface. In some embodiments, the charging interface <NUM> may also be a lightning interface, or any other type of parallel port or serial port that can be used for charging.

The first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' are connected in series. The first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' are, for example, lithium batteries including a single battery cell. The charging circuit <NUM> is connected to the charging interface <NUM> and the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' connected in series, and is configured to charge the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>'. The voltage output by the power supply device <NUM> can be directly applied to both ends of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' connected in series. That is, the charging circuit <NUM> adopts a direct-charging mode for charging the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> in series. It should be noted that, because the charging circuit <NUM> uses a direct-charging mode to charge the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' in series, and the line impedance will cause a voltage drop in the charging line, the output voltage received by the charging circuit <NUM> which is output from the power supply device <NUM> needs to be greater than the total voltage of the multiple cells contained in the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>'. Generally speaking, the operating voltage of a single battery cell is between <NUM>. 35V, and the output voltage of the power supply device <NUM> can be set to be greater than or equal to 10V when taking the double-cell series connection as an example.

It should be noted that when the device to be charged <NUM> is powered by the power supply device <NUM> or <NUM> in <FIG>, since the output voltage of the power supply device <NUM> or <NUM> does not reach 10V, a boost circuit is also provided for the device to be charged <NUM> to boost the charging voltage applied on the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>'.

The detect circuit <NUM> is configured to detect the voltage value and/or current value between the charging circuit <NUM> and the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>', that is, the output voltage and/or output current of the charging circuit <NUM>, the output voltage and/or the output current is directly applied to the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' to charge the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>'. In addition, the detect circuit <NUM> may also include a fuel gauge for detecting the capacity of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>'.

The second control unit <NUM> communicates with the power supply device <NUM> to detect the voltage value and/or current value applied to the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' detected by the detect circuit <NUM>, and the battery capacity information of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>' is transmitted to the power supply device <NUM>. The second control unit <NUM> may communicate with the power supply device <NUM>, for example, through the charging interface <NUM>, without setting an additional communication interface or other wireless communication module. If the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface, the second control unit <NUM> and the power supply device <NUM> can communicate based on the data lines (such as D+ and/or D- lines) in the USB interface. If the charging interface <NUM> is a USB interface (such as a USB TYPE-C interface) supporting a power transmission (PD) communication protocol, and the second control unit <NUM> and the power supply device <NUM> may communicate based on the PD communication protocol. In addition, the second control unit <NUM> may also be communicatively connected with the power supply device <NUM> through other communication methods than the charging interface <NUM>. For example, the second control unit <NUM> may communicate with the power supply device <NUM> in a wireless manner, such as near field communication.

As mentioned above, the silicon anode will be a development direction to increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries at the anode level in the future. However, because the discharge curve of the silicon negative electrode is different from that of the traditional graphite negative electrode, the lithium ion battery with the silicon negative electrode is not suitable for direct application in the existing terminal system.

The protection shutdown voltage set by the intelligent terminal system is <NUM>. 4V currently. Because generally speaking, the minimum voltage of the software set by the system platform is <NUM>. 2V, but if in high current application scenarios, the instantaneous voltage will be greatly reduced to <NUM>. 2V or even below <NUM>. 8V, which will affect the normal operation of the software.

<FIG> shows a comparison diagram of the discharge curves of a lithium-ion battery with a silicon anode and a lithium-ion battery with a graphite anode. As shown in <FIG>, the capacity of the graphite anode below <NUM>. 4V is very small, which is about <NUM>%; and the capacity of the silicon anode below <NUM>. 4V is greater than <NUM>%. Therefore, if a lithium-ion battery with a silicon-containing negative electrode is directly used, nearly <NUM>% of the electricity cannot be discharged, and its high energy density advantage cannot be exerted.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a charging and discharging control method is provided in the present disclosure, which can increase the discharge capacity of a new type of battery (such as a silicon negative battery) as much as possible without changing the existing battery discharge circuit.

<FIG> is a flowchart showing a charging and discharging control method according to an exemplary embodiment. The charging and discharging control method shown in <FIG> can be applied to a device to be charged that includes a first battery unit and a second battery unit connected in series in each of the above systems, wherein the second battery unit supplies power to the device to be charged, and The device to be charged also needs to be provided with a balance module, which is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

Referring to <FIG>, the charging and discharging control method <NUM> includes the following.

In step S102, when the voltage of the second battery unit is equal to or less than the preset first voltage threshold, the balance module transfers the power in the first battery unit to the second battery unit, such that the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the first voltage threshold.

For example, the first voltage threshold can be set to <NUM>. 4V, which is the protection shutdown voltage currently set by the smart terminal system, but the present disclosure is not limited to this, and it can be set according to actual requirements in applications.

When the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the first voltage threshold, the power is supplied by the second battery unit normally. The second battery unit is, for example, a traditional graphite negative lithium ion battery, and in the device to be charged, it is connected to the circuit to be powered inside the device to be charged, so that the second battery unit supplies for the device to be charged. The power supply circuit is the same as the existing discharge circuit.

When the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the first voltage threshold, the balance module electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit can start to work, and the power in the first battery unit can be transferred to the second battery unit through the balance module, so that the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the first voltage threshold, and the device to be charged will not shut down due to the contained voltage.

Wherein, the first battery unit is the above-mentioned silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery with a large capacity. Therefore, this method makes full use of the large capacity advantage of the silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery without changing the existing discharge circuit. The battery capacity of the silicon negative electrode lithium-ion battery is utilized as much as possible to maximize the energy density of the battery in the device to be charged.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the first battery unit is a silicon anode lithium-ion battery. This method can also be applied to devices to be charged with other new large-capacity batteries, so as to maximize the battery capacity in the new battery is used.

In some embodiments, the charging and discharging control method <NUM> may further includes the followings.

In step S104, when the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to or less than the preset second voltage threshold, the second battery unit is stopped from discharging.

Taking the first battery unit as a silicon negative lithium ion battery, the second voltage threshold may be set to <NUM>. 5V, for example. The setting of the second voltage threshold is related to the battery type of the first battery unit. For example, it can be set as the cut-off voltage at which the capacity of the first battery unit is used up when the first battery unit is used alone. But to make some reservations, it can be set slightly higher than the cut-off voltage.

In some embodiments, the charging and discharging control method <NUM> may further include the followings.

In step S106, after the second battery unit stops discharging, the voltage of the first battery unit and the second battery unit are balanced by the balance module, such that the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to the voltage of the second battery unit.

For example, when discharging stops, the voltage of the second battery unit is approximately the first voltage threshold (such as <NUM>. 4V), and the voltage of the first battery unit is approximately the second voltage threshold (such as <NUM>. 5V), which can be balanced to a preset voltage value, such as <NUM>. 0V, which can be set according to actual application scenarios.

When the discharge stops, it can be recognized that the voltages of the two battery units are different, and the voltages of the two battery units are the same through the internal charging and discharging process.

<FIG> is a flowchart showing another charging and discharging control method according to an exemplary embodiment. The difference from the charging and discharging control method <NUM> shown in <FIG> is that the charging and discharging control method <NUM> shown in <FIG> further provides a charging control method for the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

Referring to <FIG>, the charging and discharging control method <NUM> further includes the following.

In step S202, after the charging of the first battery unit and the second battery unit is cut off, the voltages of the first battery unit and the second battery unit are balanced by the balance module, such that the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to that of the second battery unit.

When charging the first battery unit and the second battery unit, if the power supply device can support the direct charging of two-unit series batteries (such as the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage of 10V in <FIG> above), the direct charging channel can be used directly charge for the first battery unit and the second battery unit. And if the power supply device cannot support the directly charging of the two-unit series battery (such as the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage of 5V in <FIG> above, and the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage of 5V in in <FIG>), the charging voltage applied to the first battery unit and the second battery unit can be boosted by a voltage conversion unit (such as a Boost circuit) to meet the charging voltage of the double-unit series batteries.

During the charging process, the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging stage is determined by the battery unit that first reaches the cut-off voltage, and is usually determined by factors such as battery type and voltage platform. After the charging is cut off, the voltage between the first battery unit and the second battery unit is the same through active balancing. In addition, the charging rate of the constant current charging stage is determined by the battery unit with a small charging rate. Similarly, it is usually determined by factors such as battery type and voltage platform.

Steps S102 to S106 are the same as steps S102 to S106 in the charging and discharging control method <NUM>, and will not be repeated here.

<FIG> is a flow chart showing another charging and discharging control method according to an exemplary embodiment. The charging and discharging control method shown in <FIG> can be applied to a device to be charged that includes a first battery unit and a second battery unit connected in series in each of the above systems. In addition, the device to be charged needs to be provided with a voltage conversion circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the first battery unit, and converts the supply voltage output by the first battery unit when the first battery unit supplies power to the device to be charged, so as to meet the power supply voltage requirement of the circuit to be powered inside the device to be charged.

In step S302, when the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, the second battery unit supplies power to the device to be charged.

The first voltage threshold can be set to, for example, <NUM>. 0V, that is, the protection shutdown voltage currently set by the smart terminal system, but the present disclosure is not limited to this.

The second battery unit is a graphite negative lithium ion battery. When its voltage is greater than the first voltage threshold, it is the same as the existing discharge circuit and supplies power to the device to be charged through the second battery unit.

In step S304, when the voltage of the second battery unit is less than the first voltage threshold, the first battery unit supplies power to the device to be charged; when the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to or less than the first voltage threshold, the supply voltage output by the first battery unit is boosted by the voltage conversion circuit, such that the supply voltage is greater than the first voltage threshold.

A discharge circuit can be designed for the first battery unit, and when the voltage of the second battery unit is less than the first voltage threshold, the first battery unit supplies power to the device to be charged.

The first battery unit is a silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery, or may also be another new type battery with a large capacity.

When the device to be charged is powered by the first battery unit, when the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to or less than the first voltage threshold, the power supply voltage output by the first battery unit is boosted by the voltage conversion circuit to make it supply power voltage is greater than the first voltage threshold. The capacity of the large-capacity battery can be utilized as much as possible through this design, thereby maximizing the energy density of the terminal device to be charged.

According to the invention, the charging and discharging control method <NUM> further includes the followings.

In step S306, when the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to or less than the preset second voltage threshold, the first battery unit is stopped from discharging.

Taking the first battery unit as a silicon negative lithium ion battery, the second voltage threshold may be set to <NUM>. 5V, for example. The setting of the second voltage threshold is related to the battery type of the first battery unit. It can be set as the cut-off voltage at which the capacity of the first battery unit is used up when the first battery unit is used alone. It can be set slightly higher than the cut-off voltage.

In some embodiments, the device to be charged may further include a balance module, which is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit, and the charging and discharging control method <NUM> may further include the following.

In step S308, after the first battery unit stops discharging, the voltages of the first battery unit and the second battery unit are balanced by the balance module, such that the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to the voltage of the second battery unit.

For example, when the discharge stops, the voltage of the second battery unit is approximately the first voltage threshold (such as <NUM>. 4V), and the voltage of the first battery unit is approximately the second voltage threshold (such as <NUM>. 5V), which can be balanced to a preset voltage value, such as <NUM>. 0V, and the preset voltage value can be set according to actual application scenarios.

According to the charging and discharging control method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, when two battery units connected in series are used, different discharging circuits are used to supply power to the device to be charged under different circumstances. When the voltage of the second battery unit reaches the first voltage threshold (such as the protection shutdown voltage set by the current smart terminal system), continue to use the first battery unit with a large capacity to power the device to be charged, and supply power voltage is converted through the voltage conversion circuit to maximize the use of the capacity of the first battery unit, thereby increasing the energy density of the terminal device to be charged.

<FIG> is a flow chart showing still another charging and discharging control method according to an exemplary embodiment. The difference from the charging and discharging control method <NUM> shown in <FIG> is that the charging and discharging control method <NUM> shown in <FIG> further provides a charge control method for the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

In step S402, after the charging of the first battery unit and the second battery unit is cut off, the voltages of the first battery unit and the second battery unit are balanced by the balance module, such that the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to that of the second battery unit.

When charging for the first battery unit and the second battery unit, if the power supply device can support the direct charging of two-unit series batteries (such as the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage of 10V in <FIG> above), the direct charging channel can be used directly charge the first battery unit and the second battery unit; and if the power supply device cannot support the direct charging of the two-cell series battery (such as the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage of 5V in <FIG> above and the power supply device <NUM> with an output voltage 5V in <FIG>), the charging voltage applied to the first battery unit and the second battery unit can be boosted by a voltage conversion unit (such as a Boost circuit) to meet the charging voltage of the double-cell series batteries.

During the charging process, the cut-off voltage of the constant current charging stage is determined by the battery unit that first reaches the cut-off voltage, and is usually determined by factors such as battery type and voltage platform. After the charging is cut off, the voltage between the first battery unit and the second battery unit is the same through active balance. In addition, the charging rate of the constant current charging stage is determined by the battery unit with a small charging rate. Similarly, it is usually determined by factors such as battery type and voltage platform.

Steps S302 to S308 are the same as steps S302 to S308 in the charging and discharging control method <NUM>, and will not be repeated here.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram of a device to be charged according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>) includes a first battery unit <NUM> and a second battery unit <NUM> connected in series, a detect circuit <NUM>, a balance module <NUM>, and a control module <NUM>.

Wherein, the second battery unit <NUM> is electrically connected to the power supply circuit <NUM> in the device <NUM> to be charged, and is used to supply power to the device <NUM> to be charged.

The detect circuit <NUM> is electrically connected to the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> for detecting the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>. The structure and working principle of the detect circuit <NUM> can refer to the detect circuits in the above-mentioned charging systems, and will not be repeated here.

The balance module <NUM> is electrically connected to the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> for balancing the voltage between the first battery unit and the second battery unit.

The balance module <NUM> may be, for example, a balance module disclosed by the applicant in the Chinese patent application with application publication number <CIT>, or may also be a balance module disclosed by the applicant in the Chinese patent application with application publication number <CIT>. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art should understand that the balance module <NUM> may be any balance module suitable for balancing the voltages of multiple battery units.

The control module <NUM> is electrically connected to the detect circuit <NUM> and the balance module <NUM>, and is used to control the balance module <NUM> to transfer power in the first battery unit to the second battery unit when the detect circuit detects that the voltage of the second battery unit is equal to or less than the preset first voltage threshold, so that the voltage of the second battery unit is greater than the first voltage threshold.

The first battery unit <NUM> is a silicon anode lithium ion battery.

The second battery unit <NUM> is a graphite negative lithium ion battery.

The control module <NUM> is further configured to control the second battery unit to stop discharging when the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> is equal to or less than the preset second voltage threshold.

In some embodiments, the control module <NUM> is further configured to control the balance module <NUM> to balance the voltages of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> after the second battery unit <NUM> stops discharging, so that the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> is equal to the voltage of the second battery unit <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the control module <NUM> is further configured to control the balance module <NUM> to balance the voltages of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> after the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit are cut off, so that the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> is equal to the voltage of the second battery unit <NUM>.

According to the device to be charged provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to make full use of the advantages of large capacity of the silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery without changing the existing discharge circuit, and improve the battery capacity of the silicon negative electrode lithium ion battery as much as possible, utilize to maximize the energy density of the battery in the device to be charged.

<FIG> is a schematic structural diagram showing another device to be charged according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring to <FIG>, the device to be charged <NUM> (the device to be charged <NUM> can also be a device <NUM>) includes a first battery unit <NUM> and a second battery unit <NUM> connected in series, a voltage conversion circuit <NUM>, a detect circuit <NUM>, and a control module <NUM>.

The voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is electrically connected to the first battery unit <NUM>.

The control module <NUM> is electrically connected to the detect circuit and the voltage conversion circuit to be connected, and is used for controlling the second battery unit <NUM> and the power supply circuit <NUM> in the device to be charged <NUM> when the detect circuit <NUM> detects that the voltage of the second battery unit <NUM> is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, so that the device to be charged <NUM> is supplied power through the second battery unit <NUM>; the first battery unit <NUM> is controlled to connected to the power supply circuit <NUM> when the detect circuit <NUM> detects that the voltage of the second battery unit <NUM> is less than the first voltage threshold, such that the device to be charged <NUM> is supplied power through the first battery unit <NUM>; and the control voltage conversion circuit <NUM> is controlled to boost the supply power voltage output by the first battery unit when the detect circuit <NUM> detects that the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> is equal to or less than the first voltage threshold, so that the power supply voltage is greater than the first voltage threshold.

The first battery unit <NUM> is a silicon negative lithium ion battery.

In some embodiments, the device to be charged <NUM> further includes a first switch <NUM>, a second switch <NUM>, a third switch <NUM>, and a fourth switch <NUM>. The first switch <NUM> and the second switch <NUM> are electrically connected to the first battery unit <NUM>, and the third switch <NUM> and the fourth switch <NUM> are electrically connected to the second battery unit <NUM>. The control module <NUM> controls the first switch <NUM> and the second switch <NUM> to turn on, controls the third switch <NUM> and the fourth switch <NUM> to turn off, so that the first battery unit <NUM> supplies power to the device to be charged <NUM>; controls the third switch <NUM> and the four switches <NUM> to turn on, controls the first switch <NUM> and the second switch <NUM> to turn off, so that the second battery unit <NUM> supplies power to the device to be charged <NUM>.

In some embodiments, the control module <NUM> is further configured to control the first battery unit to stop discharging when the detect circuit <NUM> detects that the voltage of the first battery unit is equal to or less than the preset second voltage threshold.

In some embodiments, the device to be charged <NUM> further includes a balance module <NUM>, which is electrically connected to the first battery unit <NUM>, the second battery unit <NUM>, and the control module <NUM>, for balancing the voltages between the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM>. The control module <NUM> is also used to control the balance module <NUM> to balance the voltages of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit after the first battery unit stops discharging, so that the voltages of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> are equal.

In some embodiments, the control module <NUM> is further configured to control the balance module <NUM> to balance the voltages of the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> after the first battery unit <NUM> and the second battery unit <NUM> are cut off, so that the voltage of the first battery unit <NUM> is equal to the voltage of the second battery unit.

According to the device to be charged provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, when a double battery cell connected in series is used, different discharge circuits are used to supply power to the device to be charged under different circumstances. When the voltage of the second battery unit reaches the first voltage threshold (such as the protection shutdown voltage set by the current smart terminal system), continue to use the first battery unit with large capacity to power the device to be charged, and convert the supplied voltage of the first battery unit through the voltage conversion circuit, to maximize the use of the capacity of the first battery unit, thereby increasing the energy density of the terminal device to be charged.

Claim 1:
A method for charging and discharging control, applied to a device (<NUM>), wherein the device (<NUM>) comprises a first battery unit (<NUM>) and a second battery unit (<NUM>) connected in series, and a voltage conversion circuit (<NUM>), characterized in that the method comprises:
supplying (S302) power to the device (<NUM>) through the second battery unit (<NUM>) when voltage of the second battery unit (<NUM>) is greater than a preset first voltage threshold;
supplying (S304) power to the device (<NUM>) through the first battery unit (<NUM>) when voltage of the first battery unit (<NUM>) is equal to or less than the preset first voltage threshold; and boosting supply voltage output by the first battery unit (<NUM>) through the voltage conversion circuit (<NUM>) when the voltage of the first battery unit (<NUM>) is equal to or less than the preset first voltage threshold, such that the supply voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold;
the method further comprises:
stopping (S306) discharge of the first battery unit (<NUM>) when the voltage of the first battery unit (<NUM>) is equal to or less than a preset second voltage threshold, wherein the preset second voltage threshold is less than the preset first voltage threshold;
wherein the first battery unit (<NUM>) is a lithium ion battery with a silicon negative electrode, and wherein the second battery unit (<NUM>) is a lithium ion battery with a graphite negative electrode.