Patent Description:
Use of RFID systems to transfer data has opened new possibilities in computing and business. One such possibility is the use of RFID chips in biometric documents. A biometric document is a combined paper and electronic document (for example, a biometric passport) that contains biometric information and can be used to authenticate the identity of its holder. The RFID chip can be embedded in the front or back cover or center page of the biometric document. RFID enabled systems can read information from documents with embedded RFID chips using contactless technology. The use of RFID enabled ID documents can prevent falsification of ID documents as well as tampering, fraud, and other crimes using false documents.

Additionally, the alignment of the NFC antennas between an active NFC device and an NFC antenna of a passive device is not necessarily obvious and can end up frustrating the user with the possibility of the data connection never being made. Bringing the antennas into alignment is hampered by the facts that the location of the NFC antennas on the mobile device and document are not obvious and that they must be nearly touching for a data connection to be made. What is needed is methods, devices and systems to facilitate placing the two devices in a communications orientation.

In European Patent Application Publication No. <CIT>, a communication system is provided. The system may include a mobile wireless communications device comprising a display, an optical sensor having a field of view, a movement sensor, a first near-field communication (NFC) device, and a controller. The controller may be coupled with the display, the optical sensor, the movement sensor and the first NFC device. The controller may be capable of displaying the field of view of the optical sensor on the display, locating a second NFC device within the field of view, and display at least one indicator on the display to indicate a direction of movement to align the first NFC device with the second NFC device for NFC communication with the second NFC device. When the second NFC device is outside the field of view, the controller may be configured to display the at least one direction indicator on the display to relocate the second NFC device within the field of view based upon the movement sensor. The controller may also cause the first NFC device to communicate with the second NFC device based upon proximity to the second NFC device. As such, guidance may advantageously be provided to move the first NFC device and second NFC into NFC communication range even when the second NFC device falls out of the field of view.

<CIT> discusses a device and method for guiding a user to a communication position. A portable electronic device that includes an antenna and at least one of a transmitter or a receiver connected to the antenna for transferring information between the portable electronic device and a corresponding device via the antenna. The corresponding device includes a visual indicator indicative of a location of an antenna of the corresponding device. The portable electronic device further includes an imaging device for obtaining an image of the visual indicator, an image analyzer for determining a location of the portable electronic device antenna relative to that of the corresponding device based on the image, a direction analyzer for determining a movement direction of the portable electronic device that would reduce an alignment offset between the antennas, and a directional indicator for indicating the movement direction to a user of the portable electronic device.

Aspects disclosed in U. Patent Application Publication No. <CIT> relate to improving NFC device positioning for performing a NFC action based on one or more sensory cues. In one example, a NFC device may be equipped to detect that a device is attempting to perform a NFC action to communicate with a remote NFC device and may provide a first sensory cue to indicate a first location on a first surface of the device corresponding to an antenna location on a second surface of the device in response to the determination that the device is attempting to perform the NFC action. The NFC device may be further operable to determine a type of NFC action the device is attempting to perform and provide a second sensory cue indicating a second location on the first surface of the device based on one or more factors associated with the determined type of NFC action.

Provided are methods, devices, and systems for a user to align an NFC enabled mobile device with a document that is NFC enabled. In general, the disclosed methods, devices and systems related to identifying the type of mobile device being used, the type of document being read and providing user feedback in aligning the mobile device and document such that NFC communications are enabled.

According to one example embodiment of the disclosure, a method for aligning NFC antennas on a mobile device and document is provided. In the method, a model identifier from the mobile device is determined. The model identifier is associated with a mobile device configuration to determine the position of the video camera and the NFC antenna. This configuration can be preconfigured on the phone or retrieved from a network coupled source. The document type is determined by using a video camera or a manual input. Once the document type is determined, then it is associated with a document configuration to ascertain the location of the document's NFC antenna. Next, the device and document configuration is used to select and generate an alignment feedback schema. This can include using the offset of the mobile device video camera from the mobile device NFC antenna to pick a camera target on the document. The idea being that if the camera is brought to the camera target, then the NFC antennas would be close enough for communication.

Once a data connection is detected, then an indication can be provided. The alignment feedback schema can include graphics and overlays on the mobile device display. Further, sound or haptic feedback can be used to provide feedback of whether the antenna alignment is getting closer or farther away. Other example embodiments of the disclosure and aspects will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the following drawings.

Embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings.

The following detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings show illustrations in accordance with exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments, which are also referred to herein as "examples," are described in enough detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present subject matter. The embodiments can be combined, other embodiments can be utilized, or structural, logical, and electrical changes can be made without departing from the scope of what is claimed. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope is defined by the appended claims.

Identity verification is important in enabling and securing financial operations, hiring processes, health care, professional services, and so forth. However, ID documents can be tampered with and falsified for fraudulent purposes. To provide an additional protective measure, an RFID chip can be embedded in the ID document. Digital data stored on the RFID chip can duplicate data printed on the ID document. The digital data can be authenticated via Public Key Infrastructure, which makes forgery difficult and expensive. However, conventional digital verification using RFID chip requires special purpose readers.

A system for ID document verification is provided. The system for ID document verification can allow verification of ID documentation having an embedded RFID chip. An image of the ID document can be captured using a camera associated with a client device. The client device can transmit the ID document image to a server for processing for retrieval of printed data represented by the ID document (e.g., holder's name, age, fingerprints, document number, and expiration date). The retrieved data may be sent back to the client device and further to a server. The system for ID document verification residing on the client device may use the retrieved data as a key to unlock the RFID chip and access digital data stored in the RFID chip. The digital data may be transmitted to the server, where the system for ID document verification compares the printed and digital data to determine whether the printed and digital data are identical. Additionally, the system for ID document verification may perform a facial recognition using the printed and digital data. Based on the comparison and/or recognition, similarities between the printed and digital data may be ascertained. Such verification can establish whether printed data in the ID document was altered and whether the ID document is authentic.

In some embodiments, the system for ID document verification can also allow for personal information extraction from a physical ID document.

<FIG> illustrates an environment <NUM> within which the systems and methods for ID document verification can be implemented, in accordance with some embodiments. A system <NUM> for ID document verification may include a server-based distributed application, which may include a central component residing on a server <NUM> and one or more client applications residing on a client device <NUM> and communicating with the central component via a network <NUM>. A user may communicate with the system <NUM> via a client application available through the client device <NUM>. In other embodiments, the system <NUM> may be a cloud-based application with the central component residing on the server <NUM> and accessible via a web browser on the client device <NUM>.

The network <NUM> may include the Internet or any other network capable of communicating data between devices. Suitable networks may include or interface with any one or more of, for instance, a local intranet, a Personal Area Network, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), a Virtual Private Network (VPN), a storage area network, a frame relay connection, an Advanced Intelligent Network connection, a synchronous optical network connection, a digital T1, T3, E1 or E3 line, Digital Data Service connection, Digital Subscriber Line connection, an Ethernet connection, an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) line, a dial-up port such as a V. <NUM> or V. 34bis analog modem connection, a cable modem, an Asynchronous Transfer Mode connection, or a Fiber Distributed Data Interface or Copper Distributed Data Interface connection. Furthermore, communications may also include links to any of a variety of wireless networks, including Wireless Application Protocol, General Packet Radio Service, Global System for Mobile Communication, Code Division Multiple Access or Time Division Multiple Access, cellular phone networks, Global Positioning System (GPS), cellular digital packet data, Research in Motion, Limited duplex paging network, Bluetooth radio, or an IEEE <NUM>-based radio frequency network. The network <NUM> can further include or interface with any one or more of an RS-<NUM> serial connection, an IEEE-<NUM> (Firewire) connection, a Fiber Channel connection, an infrared port, a Small Computer Systems Interface connection, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connection or other wired or wireless, digital or analog interface or connection, mesh, or Digi® networking. The network <NUM> may include a network of data processing nodes that are interconnected for the purpose of data communication. The network may include a Software-defined Networking (SDN). The SDN may include one or more of the above network types. Generally, the network <NUM> may include a number of similar or dissimilar devices connected together by a transport medium enabling communication between the devices by using a predefined protocol. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present disclosure may be practiced within a variety of network configuration environments and on a variety of computing devices.

An ID document <NUM> can include a document having an embedded RFID chip (for example, a biometric passport, digital passport, government issued ID, drivers' license, and so forth).

To verify the ID document <NUM>, a user can cause the system <NUM> to capture an image <NUM> of the ID document <NUM> by using a camera associated with the client device <NUM> (a smart phone, a notebook, a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, or the like). An image <NUM> associated with the ID document <NUM> may be transmitted to the server <NUM> either via a mobile application, a stand-alone web application, or via a fully integrated service (XML, i-frame). The image <NUM> may be captured by a camera associated with the client device <NUM>, e.g. a phone camera, a tablet PC camera, and so forth. The server <NUM> may receive and analyze the image <NUM> to recognize printed data associated with the ID document <NUM> (for example, issue date, holder's name, age, gender, holder's fingerprint, and so forth). Printed data can be recognized by optical character recognition (OCR).

The results of the printed data analysis can be transmitted back to the client device <NUM>. The client device <NUM> may scan the RFID chip embedded in the ID document <NUM> using an RFID reader (or an NFC reader). The RFID reader can be a part of the client device <NUM> or it can be detachably attached to the client device <NUM> via one of the ports. Alternatively, the RFID reader can be a stand-alone device and the client device <NUM> can communicate with it wirelessly (for example, via Bluetooth).

The retrieved printed data can be used as a key to access the digital data on the RFID chip of the ID document <NUM>. By matching the digital and printed data, the system <NUM> for ID document verification may confirm authenticity of the ID document <NUM>.

<FIG> shows a detailed block diagram of the system <NUM> for ID document verification, in accordance with an example embodiment. The system <NUM> may include a processor <NUM>, an RFID reader <NUM>, and an optional database <NUM>. The processor <NUM> may be configured to receive an image associated with an ID document. The image may be captured by the camera associated with the client device. The processor <NUM> may transmit the image to a remote server. The server processes the image using OCR to detect various zones on the image containing data associated with the ID document and a holder of the ID document and extract printed data from the image. The processor <NUM> may be further configured to receive the extracted printed data from the server. The RFID reader <NUM> may use the printed data as a key to access the RFID chip of the ID document. In such a way, the RFID reader <NUM> may retrieve digital data from the RFID chip. The processor <NUM> may analyze the digital data and match the digital and printed data to check if they are identical. Alternatively, a server may perform the analysis. The server may further perform facial recognition based on photos from the digital data (e.g., RFID passphoto), from the printed data (e.g., passphoto ID), and/or a photo of the user captured by the client device. If the digital and printed data proves identical, the ID document may be verified. If the digital and printed data differ or are absent or nonstandard, the ID document may be refused.

An optional database <NUM> may be configured to store printed data and digital data as well as verification results.

The processor <NUM> may comprise, or may be in communication with, media (for example, computer-readable media) that stores instructions that, when executed by the processor <NUM>, cause the processor <NUM> to perform the elements described herein. Furthermore, the processor <NUM> may operate any operating system capable of supporting locally executed applications, client-server based applications, and/or browser or browser-enabled applications.

<FIG> is a process flow diagram showing a method <NUM> for ID document verification within the environment described with reference to <FIG>. The method <NUM> may commence with receiving an image of an ID document that has an embedded RFID chip at operation <NUM>. The ID document may include a government issued ID, a student ID, an employment ID, a driver's license, a passport, a travel document, and so forth. The received image may include a picture, a scan, and so forth. The image may be captured by a camera associated with the user (for example, a standalone camera; a camera of a user device, such as a smart phone, a PC, a tablet PC; and so forth).

The method <NUM> may proceed with transmitting the image to a server for processing at operation <NUM>. The processing can include optical character recognition to obtain printed data. The printed data may include holder's name, date of birth, gender, fingerprint, document number, and so forth. The printed data obtained as a result of processing may be received from the server at operation <NUM> and used to unlock the RFID chip at operation <NUM>. After unlocking the RFID chip (for example, using any recognized text as a key to access the RFID chip), digital data (or biometric data) stored in the RFID chip may be retrieved at operation <NUM>.

At operation <NUM>, the digital data may be analyzed to check the authenticity of the ID document. The digital data in general duplicates the printed data. By comparing the digital data from the RFID chip and the recognized printed data, the system for ID document verification can ensure that printed data was not altered and the ID document is not forged. Based on the analysis, the system may determine that the digital data and printed data are identical and verify the ID document. Alternatively, according to the analysis, the system may determine one or more evidences of forgery (for example, a difference of the printed data and the digital data, an absence of the digital data, nonstandard digital data, and so forth). On the determining the one or more evidences of forgery, the system may reject the ID document. A verification result may be provided at operation <NUM>.

In some embodiments, data of the verified ID document may be used to automatically populate an electronic form, fields associated with a web resource, and so forth. Thus, filling in forms, may be facilitated and accelerated. Moreover, automatic filling in of electronic forms or blanks allows avoiding mistakes and misprints pertaining to manual entry.

<FIG> illustrates a process <NUM> of accessing digital data in an RFID chip associated with the ID document, in accordance with some embodiments. A user may capture an image <NUM> of an ID document <NUM> using a camera embedded in or connected to a client device <NUM>. The image <NUM> may be automatically transmitted to a server <NUM>. The image <NUM> received by the server <NUM> may be subjected to OCR. Printed information in the image <NUM> may be analyzed to extract textual and/or other relevant data associated with the ID document <NUM> and the holder of the ID document <NUM> (e.g., holder's date of birth, first name, last name, and the like). The results of the analysis <NUM> can be transmitted back to the client device <NUM>.

The client device <NUM> can scan an RFID chip <NUM> in the ID document <NUM> using an RFID reader <NUM> (or an NFC reader). The RFID reader <NUM> can be either embedded in the client device <NUM> or detachably attached to the client device <NUM> via a port of the client device <NUM>. The digital data <NUM> in the RFID chip <NUM> may be encrypted, so the retrieved printed data can be used as a key to access the digital data <NUM>.

The digital data <NUM> and printed data can be compared on the client device <NUM> to verify ID document identity. Additionally, the digital data <NUM> can be used to fill-in forms, employment forms, medical records, and so forth.

<FIG> shows a diagrammatic representation of a computing device for a machine in the exemplary electronic form of a computer system <NUM>, within which a set of instructions for causing the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein can be executed. In various exemplary embodiments, the machine operates as a standalone device or can be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the machine can operate in the capacity of a server or a client machine in a server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machine can be a PC, a tablet PC, a set-top box, a cellular telephone, a digital camera, a portable music player (e.g., a portable hard drive audio device, such as a Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer <NUM> player), a web appliance, a network router, a switch, a bridge, or any machine capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine. Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term "machine" shall also be taken to include any collection of machines that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein.

The example computer system <NUM> includes a processor or multiple processors <NUM>, a hard disk drive <NUM>, a main memory <NUM>, and a static memory <NUM>, which communicate with each other via a bus <NUM>. The computer system <NUM> may also include a network interface device <NUM>. The hard disk drive <NUM> may include a computer-readable medium <NUM>, which stores one or more sets of instructions <NUM> embodying or utilized by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions <NUM> can also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory <NUM>, the static memory <NUM>, and/or within the processors <NUM> during execution thereof by the computer system <NUM>. The main memory <NUM> and the processors <NUM> also constitute machine-readable media.

While the computer-readable medium <NUM> is shown in an exemplary embodiment to be a single medium, the term "computer-readable medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term "computer-readable medium" shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution by the machine and that causes the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present application, or that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying data structures utilized by or associated with such a set of instructions. The term "computer-readable medium" shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical and magnetic media. Such media can also include, without limitation, hard disks, floppy disks, NAND or NOR flash memory, digital video disks (DVDs), Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), and the like.

The exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented in an operating environment comprising computer-executable instructions (e.g., software) installed on a computer, in hardware, or in a combination of software and hardware. The computer-executable instructions can be written in a computer programming language or can be embodied in firmware logic. If written in a programming language conforming to a recognized standard, such instructions can be executed on a variety of hardware platforms and for interfaces to a variety of operating systems.

In some embodiments, the computer system <NUM> may be implemented as a cloud-based computing environment, such as a virtual machine operating within a computing cloud. In other embodiments, the computer system <NUM> may itself include a cloud-based computing environment, where the functionalities of the computer system <NUM> are executed in a distributed fashion. Thus, the computer system <NUM>, when configured as a computing cloud, may include pluralities of computing devices in various forms, as will be described in greater detail below.

In general, a cloud-based computing environment is a resource that typically combines the computational power of a large grouping of processors (such as within web servers) and/or that combines the storage capacity of a large grouping of computer memories or storage devices. Systems that provide cloud-based resources may be utilized exclusively by their owners, or such systems may be accessible to outside users who deploy applications within the computing infrastructure to obtain the benefit of large computational or storage resources.

The cloud may be formed, for example, by a network of web servers that comprise a plurality of computing devices, such as a client device, with each server (or at least a plurality thereof) providing processor and/or storage resources. These servers may manage workloads provided by multiple users (e.g., cloud resource customers or other users). Typically, each user places workload demands upon the cloud that vary in real-time, sometimes dramatically. The nature and extent of these variations typically depends on the type of business associated with the user.

It is noteworthy that any hardware platform suitable for performing the processing described herein is suitable for use with the technology. The terms "computer-readable storage medium" and "computer-readable storage media" as used herein refer to any medium or media that participate in providing instructions to a central processing unit (CPU) for execution. Such media can take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as a fixed disk. Volatile media include dynamic memory, such as system RAM. Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire, and fiber optics, among others, including the wires that comprise one embodiment of a bus. Transmission media can also take the form of acoustic or light waves, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, a hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM disk, DVD, any other optical medium, any other physical medium with patterns of marks or holes, a RAM, a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a FlashEPROM, any other memory chip or data exchange adapter, a carrier wave, or any other medium from which a computer can read.

Various forms of computer-readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to a CPU for execution. A bus carries the data to system RAM, from which a CPU retrieves and executes the instructions. The instructions received by system RAM can optionally be stored on a fixed disk either before or after execution by a CPU.

Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present technology may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a LAN or a WAN, or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or steps plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present technology has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the present technology and its practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Aspects of the present technology are described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure.

Further disclosed herein is technology concerned with systems and methods for aligning NFC antennas of two NFC enabled devices for the purpose of communication between the devices. The following detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings show illustrations, in accordance with exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments, which are also referred to herein as "examples. " are described in enough detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present subject matter. The embodiments can be combined, other embodiments can be utilized, or structural, logical, and electrical changes can be made without departing from the scope of what is claimed. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. In this document, the terms "a" and "an" are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one. In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a nonexclusive "or," such that "A or B" includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B," unless otherwise indicated.

Alignment of the NFC antennas can be a non-obvious task that is necessary to electronically read data from a document by a mobile device. However, user guidance and feedback can be provided by the mobile device to configure the device and align the NFC antennas. The methods disclosed provide feedback for device orientation for antenna alignment and device configuration.

<FIG> illustrates an environment <NUM> in which alignment of an NFC enabled mobile device and an NFC enabled document for enabling NFC data communications can be implemeted in methods, devices, systems, in accordance with some embodiments. The system can include a mobile device <NUM>, a document <NUM>, a Network <NUM>, and a Server <NUM>. The mobile device <NUM> is a user electronic device that includes an NFC antenna <NUM> (also referred to herein as mobile device antenna <NUM>) and electronics 614A configured with the capability to connect to and read data from a document configured with passive NFC electronics. The mobile device <NUM> configured with the capability to read from a passive document <NUM> is referred to as an active device. This is because the device generates an electro-magnetic field that, when close enough, powers passive NFC electronics <NUM> on the document <NUM> through electromagnetic induction and thereby enabling the reading of data off the document <NUM>. The Network <NUM> can be any suitable wide area network including but not limited to the Internet or cell networks including <NUM>, <NUM>, and <NUM> networks. The Server <NUM> is a network connected computer and storage that can be configured with mobile device downloadable applications <NUM>, mobile device configuration data <NUM>, user feedback schema information <NUM>, and document configuration data <NUM> for installation on the mobile device <NUM>.

Alternatively, the environment can include a more generic NFC reader device that is a combination of a computing system as shown in <FIG> with NFC electronics <NUM>, <NUM> in <FIG>. An example of such a configuration is where active NFC electronics and video camera is connected by a USB connection or a wireless connection to a laptop or desktop computer. As long as the NFC antenna and video camera are configured with a known or ascertainable relationship, and a display coupled to the computer system is configured to display images from the video camera, then the NFC reader device can include configurations other than smart phone or other mobile devices.

Non limiting examples of mobile devices <NUM> include devices such as smart phones and tablet devices. These devices need to support an active NFC device mode. Further, these devices need to have a means for providing feedback to a user. Smart phones can provide feedback though a variety of feedback sources including but not limited to their user displays, sound and tone generating capability, LEDs, and haptic capabilities.

The document <NUM> is a physical item including but not limited to a passport, driver's license, or other identity document to which a user desires to make an NFC connection and read data from the document <NUM>. A document <NUM> is a physical item that contains passive NFC electronics <NUM> including an NFC antenna <NUM>. The NFC electronics <NUM> can be co-located with the NFC antenna <NUM> or separately located. The document <NUM> contains data which a user can read through a contactless NFC connection between the mobile device <NUM> and the document <NUM>. In one embodiment, the document is a passive device powered from the mobile device <NUM>. The power for the NFC electronics <NUM> is received from the mobile device <NUM>. The emission of an electromagnetic field through an inductive antenna <NUM> inductively couples to the NFC document's antenna <NUM> and thereby provides power. However, the disclosure also contemplates the document <NUM> being an active device. While this is a contactless technology, the two antennas need to be in close proximity. For an NFC device, the communication distance is less than two centimetres.

Non-limiting examples of NFC passive documents include driver licenses, identity cards, passports, credit cards, and physical documents that have NFC electronics and antennas embedded within them. Each of these documents has a known configuration that can include NFC antenna location on a card page, the page number or cover (front or back) on a multi-page document where the NFC antenna can best be accessed, the location of an MRZ (machine readable zone), identifying marks or text that can be found on the document or a combination thereof.

As shown in the example of <FIG>, the mobile device <NUM> is a smart phone. The mobile device <NUM> includes a video camera <NUM>, an NFC antenna <NUM>, the NFC electronics 614A for an active NFC device, on-device storage <NUM> that can hold configuration information for the mobile device, an alignment feedback schema for the device, and document configuration information. Further, the storage can hold applications for identifying a document type including reading the MRZ <NUM> and generating an alignment feedback schema in accordance with the mobile device type and the document configuration. The electronics for the mobile device functionality including the CPU, memory, and networking electronics for executing applications, providing user feedback, and providing network connectivity are previously described and shown in <FIG>.

The mobile device and document configuration information in on-device storage <NUM> can be preconfigured on the mobile device <NUM> or downloaded over the network <NUM> from a server <NUM>. Further, the applications <NUM> on the mobile device <NUM> can also be preconfigured on the mobile device <NUM> or downloaded from the server <NUM>.

The video camera <NUM> can be used to identify the document <NUM> type and in conjunction with the display <NUM>, guide a user to align the mobile device antenna <NUM> with the document antenna <NUM>. A mobile device application <NUM> can process an image or video of the document <NUM> to identify a document type. Alternatively, the video image can be uploaded over the Network <NUM> to a Server <NUM> configured with an application <NUM> configured to identify the document type. For example, the application <NUM> might identify a distinguishing feature on the cover of a passport to determine the document type or process its MRZ <NUM> to determine the document type. Further, the application <NUM> may control the mobile device <NUM> to provide an alignment feedback schema according to the mobile device type and the document type to guide a user to bring the mobile device <NUM> and document <NUM> within NFC communication distance.

The device configuration information held in on-device storage <NUM> can include offset data between the video camera <NUM> and the mobile device NFC antenna <NUM>. This information can be stored as a first offset <NUM> in the direction of one mobile device <NUM> dimension and a second offset <NUM> in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the first offset <NUM>. This information is required to determine a document target <NUM> on the document <NUM> because when the mobile device <NUM> is in or is coming into contact with the document <NUM>, the video camera <NUM> will be offset from the document antenna <NUM> so the distance between the video camera <NUM> and the antenna <NUM> has to be accounted for.

For each mobile device <NUM>, the offsets can be different and thus the mobile device configuration <NUM> will contain information of the offset <NUM>, <NUM> for each mobile device type if the video camera <NUM> is to be used in the alignment process.

The mobile device configuration information in on-device storage <NUM> can contain other information including but not limited to the number of cameras on the device, and the strength of the NFC reader, types of haptic feedback supported, LEDs that can be controlled, tone generating capabilities, and accelerometer capabilities.

The document <NUM> can have one or more of identifying text <NUM>, a shape, or an MRZ (machine readable zone) <NUM> which can be imaged by the camera <NUM> and processed by the application <NUM> to determine a document type. Further, the camera <NUM> can work in conjunction with an on-device application <NUM> to provide alignment feedback in accordance with the NFC-document type and the mobile device type.

<FIG> illustrates the mobile device <NUM> with the mobile device antenna <NUM> aligned with the document's NFC antenna <NUM>. The mobile device <NUM> is oriented with the display <NUM> away from the document <NUM>, towards a user, and the camera <NUM> oriented towards the document <NUM>. Because of the offset between the mobile device antenna <NUM> and the video camera <NUM>, the document target <NUM> is the letter "O" in the word "PASSPORT" on the document. In one embodiment, an indicator <NUM> can be overlaid on the display <NUM> and the user told when the image target <NUM> centered, and the mobile device <NUM> brought into contact or close proximity with the document <NUM> for data connectivity.

The use of the word PASSPORT is only for the purpose of illustration. The target for the camera <NUM> is selected to compensate for the offset <NUM>, <NUM> of the camera <NUM> from the mobile device's <NUM> NFC antenna <NUM>. For other documents, the document target <NUM> can be any other word, colored area, corner or edge of the document.

<FIG> illustrates the mobile device <NUM> and document <NUM> where the device antenna <NUM> is not in alignment with the document antenna <NUM>. In this orientation, the document target <NUM> is not aligned with the video camera <NUM>. Based on the mobile device configuration and the document configuration, when the camera <NUM> is aligned with the document target <NUM>, then the NFC antennas <NUM>, <NUM> will be aligned.

On the display <NUM>, there is shown an image target <NUM>. The image target <NUM> is a graphic overlay on the display <NUM>. In the shown embodiment, the word "PASSPORT" is partially shown on the display <NUM>. As shown, the mobile device <NUM> is positioned sufficiently above the document for the video camera <NUM> to focus on the document and be within the video camera <NUM> field of view. Shown on the display <NUM> is an arrow indicator <NUM> providing feedback regarding the direction to move the mobile device for antenna alignment. Other graphics are contemplated including, text, or moving graphics or graphics with audio. Further, the generation of the alignment indicator can include a rotation indication.

Referring to <FIG>, a process diagram illustrates an embodiment of a process <NUM> for aligning a mobile device or a reader device and a document for NFC communications. While the process <NUM> is described for a mobile device, it is equally applicable for an NFC reader in an environment where a computer system and the active NFC electronics and camera are not integrated into a single device. For example, the NFC electronics and camera could be coupled to the computer system by a USB connection or a wireless connection.

The process starts at <NUM> where the mobile device application is installed. The installation can include the downloading from the server <NUM> of an application <NUM>, mobile device configuration <NUM>, schema configuration <NUM>, and document configuration information <NUM>. Further, this step can include the initial configuration of the mobile device including preferences for the alignment user feedback.

In a step <NUM>, the model of the mobile device is identified. The model identifier is a processor readable number, sequence of numbers, or ACII string, or other encoded processor readable string that identifies the model of the mobile device. The model number contains information specific enough to identify a device's configuration including but not limited to the location of the NFC chip. Further, the configuration can identify other useful mobile device features including but not limited to the position of one or more camera lenses on the mobile device, the strength of the NFC reader on the mobile device, audio capabilities, and haptic feedback features. Access to the model identifier can be through an operating system request or reading a hardware memory mapped location. For example, the IOS operating for an Apple iPhone or the Android operating system may have operating system calls to access the phone's model and make.

In step <NUM>, the model identifier is associated with a device configuration in on-device storage <NUM>. The device configurations including mobile device configuration data <NUM> and the document configurations including document configuration data <NUM> are stored in a source. This source can be a data structure, table, a database or any other suitable means to store information regarding the device configuration. The source can be located on a Server <NUM> and accessed when needed or downloaded to the mobile device <NUM> during the initial configuration of the mobile device <NUM> and stored in the on-device storage <NUM>, e.g., a non-volatile memory. The device configuration data can include one or more of the following: the position of the NFC antenna on the mobile device <NUM>, the position of one or more of the cameras on the mobile device <NUM>, the strength of the NFC reader on the mobile device, whether the device supports haptic feedback and vibration modes, audio and tone capabilities, and information regarding controllable LED.

Next, the document type is identified <NUM> so that the location of the document NFC antenna <NUM> can be located. In one embodiment, the document <NUM> includes an MRZ (machine readable zone) <NUM> that can be can optically read by the mobile device <NUM> and thereby determine the type of the document such as a driver's license, identity card, or a passport. A mobile device software program (application <NUM>) can direct the user to image the document <NUM> with the video camera. The image is processed to determine the document type. If there is not an MRZ <NUM> on the document, the application <NUM> can use image processing techniques or OCR to determine the document type. In one example, the text might say "University of XYZ" which could be used in identifying the document as a University identification card. Associating the document ID with a document configuration <NUM> would enable a determination of whether the document is NFC enabled and the location of the document NFC antenna.

In another embodiment, the user can enter into the mobile device the document type. This entry can be through a display menu or typed into the mobile device or by utilizing a web browser on the mobile device.

Next an alignment feedback schema is selected <NUM> based on the mobile device configuration and the document configuration. The use of the alignment feedback schema can include user preferences and be user selectable. One user may prefer display graphics for alignment feedback. Another user may be sight impaired and prefer using tones or audio information for guidance. Further, the alignment feedback schema can be determined by the device configuration of the mobile device. If the device does not have haptic feedback capabilities, then this option will not be included in the feedback schema.

The alignment feedback can be tailored to any of a user's senses or combination of senses. These can include visual, audio, haptic feedback, or a combination thereof. By way of non-limiting examples , visual feedback can include display graphic images and overlays, LEDs on the phone, and camera lights. Graphical images can include pointers on the direction to move, twist, or turn the mobile device or the document to achieve antenna alignment. Further, the graphical images can include moving graphs or a video to familiarize a user on the positioning of the mobile device and the document. The graphics can be to scale and have a realistic appearance.

Using the selected alignment feedback schema, the mobile device generates feedback <NUM> according to the selected feedback schema. Examples of provided alignment feedback schema are provided below.

In a step <NUM>, the mobile device monitors for a data connection <NUM> with the document. This can be an event created by the operating system or a query made to the operating system by an application. The mobile device can be configured to download all the data from the document once the connection is made.

In a step <NUM>, a connection indication is generated when the mobile device and the document data connection is made. This indication can be a tone, a graphic, a vibration or other haptic feedback, or a combination thereof. Further, a data transfer completion indication can be generated at the end of the data transfer. Preferably, the data transfer completion indication is different from the connection indication. If the data to be transferred is small, the data transfer completion indication is not needed. But if the data transfer is large, requiring seconds for completion, then the data transfer completion indication is needed.

Thus, computer-implemented methods and systems for identification document verification are described. Although embodiments have been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes can be made to these exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Different user feedback schemas can be used to assist in the alignment of the mobile device antenna <NUM> with the document antenna <NUM> sufficient for data communications. The examples provided below are for illustrative purposes and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

After installing the application a user starts an application on the mobile device. The application may have been configured with user preferences including a preferred feedback schema using either the display, audio indications, or by haptic feedback means.

The mobile device will then determine its device type through a query to the operating system. Once it knows that it is, for example, a "Make XYZ Model <NUM>" it looks to a device configuration table that contains mobile device configuration information regarding what video cameras the device has, the video camera location, the NFC antenna location, LED control capability, sound and tone generation capability, haptic features, and accelerometer capabilities.

In one embodiment, the user has configured the mobile device to use the display for the alignment feedback schema. The application may first display message of how the mobile device is to be configured. For example, the message may direct the use to remove any case holding the mobile device. Such case may make NFC operation impossible or overly sensitive. Further, a text overlay message or graphic can be displayed indicating that the document may need to be opened to a specific page.

Next, the user asserts a button starting the process to align the antennas and read the document NFC data. A text message is displayed telling the user to hold the mobile device far enough away from the document to get the entire document within the display. The application starts the video camera which then grabs frames of the video image for processing to find and identify the document. First the process looks for an MRZ within the image. If found, the MRZ is processed and a document type determined. If there is not an MRZ, an image of the document is processed to see if any of the text, logos, or other markings can be extracted and used in the determination of the document type. The document type is then looked up in a table containing document configurations for the document types. The associated document configurations contain the location of the NFC antenna. If for some reason the document type is not found , the mobile device can connect to a server that has the latest document types and document configuration information. If found, the document configuration is transmitted to the mobile device.

For the given example, the document has an MRZ and the application identifies the document as a country XYZ identity card. Using the document configuration data, the location of the document NFC antenna is known. This is combined with location of the mobile device video camera and a document target location is determined.

As a first level of user feedback, a graphic or picture of the orientation of the mobile device and the document can be displayed. This graphic will give a user information about how the mobile device and document should be oriented and a rough idea of their positioning to align the antennas.

Next, the video images are processed to identify the document, the document target location on the document and to overlay on the live video image the image target location. The user could have been previously informed that the overlaid image target should be moved to the center of the display. In another embodiment, an indication can be overlaid on the display showing the direction the phone should be moved for alignment. This indicator can include an indication that either the mobile device or the document should be rotated so that when the mobile device and document are brought together, the NFC antennas are more likely to be aligned.

In one configuration, the indicator will show the direction that the mobile device should be moved for alignment. In another configuration the indication will show the direction in which the image target should move. At the center of the screen there can be an overlay graphic, such as a bullseye showing where the image target should be located.

Once the mobile device is correctly positioned, with the image target centered in the display, a centered indication can be generated. In one configuration this indication can be the flashing of the bullseye, a change of brightness of the bullseye, or a change of color of the bullseye.

The user will then be directed to lower or otherwise bring the mobile device into contact or close proximity with the document. The mobile device, if configured with accelerometers may detect the rotation of the mobile device or movements to the left, right, up, down, while being lowered. Using the accelerometer data, any movement causing misalignment can be calculated and used to generated indications for moving the mobile device while on the document. If the NFC data connection is not made, an indication by either graphic, text, or voice will be given to rotate the mobile device against the document. Alternatively an indication to move the device in small circles or small rotation until the data connection indication is made.

Once the data connection is made, a graphic or sound is made to signal the user to stop moving the device until the data transfer is complete. The data transfer time can be short, sub second or as long as several seconds. A completion indication can then be generated either on the display or with a sound.

In another configuration, the user has selected audio indicators for feedback. As before, the user asserts a button starting the process to align the antennas and read the document NFC data. A voice message is output to the user to hold the mobile device at least six inches away from the document to get the entire document within the camera view. The application starts the video camera which then grabs frames of the video image for processing to find and identify the document. First the process looks for an MRZ within the image. If found, the MRZ is processed and a document type determined. If there is not an MRZ, an image of the document is processed to see if any of the text, logos, or other markings can be extracted and used in the document type determination. The document type is then looked up in a table of different document types to determine the location of the NFC antenna. As mentioned above, the mobile device can connect to a server that has the latest document types and document configuration information.

Using the same example, the document has an MRZ and the application identifies the document as a country XYZ identity card. Using the document configuration data, the location of the document NFC antenna is known. This is combined with location of the mobile device video camera, and a document target location is determined. As a first level of user feedback, audio feedback guides a user in the orientation of the mobile device and the document. This audio information gives a user information about how the mobile device and document should be oriented and a course idea of their positioning.

Next, the video images are processed to identify the document target location. Audio messages or tones will be given for the orienting and aligning of the mobile device. These can include but are not limited to words "left", "right", "up", "down", "rotate clockwise", and "rotate counter clockwise. " In another configuration, a tone can be used to indicate whether the user is getting closer or farther away from aligning the NFC antennas.

Once the mobile device is correctly positioned, a centered audio indication can be generated. In one configuration this centered indication can be a tone of bell or a voice saying "centered". The user will then be directed to lower or otherwise bring the mobile device into contact with the document. Audio directions can be used for this step. The mobile device, if configured with accelerometers may detect the rotation of the mobile device while being lowered. If the NFC data connection is not made, an indication by voice will be given to rotate the mobile device against the document. Alternatively a voice will indicate to the user to move the device in small circles or small twists until the data connection indication is made.

Once the data connection is made, a sound is made to signal the user to stop moving the device until the data transfer is complete. The data transfer time can be short, sub second or as long as several seconds. A completion indication can then be generated with a tone, bell, or voice indication.

In another example configuration, the user has selected haptic indicators for feedback. As before, the user asserts a button starting the process to align the antennas and read the document NFC data. The user is informed that a first vibration will occur when mobile device at least six inches away and over the document to get the entire document within the camera view. The application starts the video camera which then grabs frames of the video image for processing to find and identify the document. First the process looks for an MRZ within the image. If found, the MRZ is processed and a document type determined. If there is not an MRZ, an image of the document is processed to see if any of the text, logos, or other markings can be extracted and used in the document type determination. The document type is then looked up in a table of different document types to determine the location of the NFC antenna. As mentioned above, the mobile device can connect to a server that has the latest document types and document configuration information.

Using the same example, the document has an MRZ and the application identifies the document as a country XYZ identity card. Using the document configuration data, the location of the document NFC antenna is known. This is combined with location of the mobile device video camera, and a document target location is determined. As a first level of user feedback, haptic feedback guides a user in the orientation of the mobile device and the document. This text or audio information gives a user information about how the mobile device and document should be oriented and a course idea of their positioning.

Next, the video images are processed to identify the document target location. Vibrations will be generated for the orienting and aligning of the mobile device. Vibration strength, if supported by the mobile device, can be used to indicate whether the mobile device is getting closer or farther away from aligning the NFC antennas.

Once the mobile device is correctly positioned, a centered audio indication can be generated. This can be a quick pulsing vibration. The user will then, by the way of text or previously being informed, bring the mobile device contact with the document. The mobile device, if configured with accelerometers may detect the rotation of the mobile device while being lowered. If the NFC data connection is not made, an indication by a low frequency vibration will be given to rotate the mobile device against the document. Alternatively a different vibration will indicate to the user to move the device in small circles or small twists until the data connection indication is made.

Claim 1:
A computer-implemented method for aligning NFC antennas (<NUM>, <NUM>) on a mobile device (<NUM>) and a document (<NUM>), the method comprising:
determining (<NUM>) a model identifier from the mobile device (<NUM>);
associating (<NUM>) the model identifier with a device configuration (<NUM>) from a source (<NUM>);
determining (<NUM>) a document type;
associating (<NUM>) the document type with a document configuration (<NUM>) from the source (<NUM>);
selecting (<NUM>) an alignment feedback schema (<NUM>) based on the device configuration (<NUM>) and the document configuration (<NUM>);
generating (<NUM>) alignment feedback according to the alignment feedback schema (<NUM>);
detecting (<NUM>) a data connection between the mobile device (<NUM>) and the document (<NUM>); and
generating (<NUM>) a connection indication.