Patent Description:
Roof windows to be installed in inclined roof surfaces come in a variety of types. When selecting a roof window type for a specific installation location in a building, parameters such as operability, thermal properties, weather-tightness, and suitable finishing to the interior of the building are typically given substantial weight; however, it is also often desired and in some areas in fact necessary to factor in the external appearance as well. This applies in particular when installing roof windows in conservation areas, in which building regulations may demand that the roof windows meet standard or local requirements. Thus, certain requirements apply depending on whether the installation concerns a newly fitted roof window, or to replace an existing window or rooflight as part of a renovation or refurbishment project.

The windows or rooflights of past times were typically made of cast iron with single glass pane pieces, separated by one or more cast iron glazing bars, and the thermal efficiency of these roof windows or rooflights left room for improvement. To fulfil the energy performance required by modern day building regulations, conservation roof windows are typically provided with an insulating pane, while at the same time setting out to mimic the look of traditional rooflights.

In many installation situations it is a further requirement that the conservation roof window is able to be installed with a "low profile", i.e. that the height of the parts of the roof window protruding above the surrounding roofing is as small as possible. This is particularly pronounced in buildings with substantially flat roofing materials, such as slate or shingle. To meet this requirement, most major roof window manufacturers allow installation in at least two levels, thus accommodating the height of various roofing profiles and installation conditions.

With an ever-increasing awareness of environmental considerations and the wish to reduce or even eliminate the climate footprint of products, there is furthermore a need for providing products which are more environmentally friendly in terms of manufacturing, supply, installation, and use.

Taking all of the above requirements into account, it is an ongoing quest to improve a roof window for conservation purposes.

The document <CIT> disclosed a roof window according to the preamble of claim <NUM>.

With this background, it is an object of the invention to provide a roof window by which the manufacturing and assembly process is rendered more flexible.

This and further objects are achieved with a roof window of the kind mentioned in the introduction wherein each frame member comprises a plurality of receiving structures at an interior, exterior, inner and/or outer side of the respective frame member, each said receiving structure being configured to interact with auxiliary equipment in an assembled condition of the frame.

During manufacture of the roof window, auxiliary equipment such as sealing profiles, coverings, outer insulation pieces, interior lining, mounting brackets etc. are selected according to a number of parameters such as the dimensions of the roof window, requirements for thermal insulation, sound-dampening etc. The well-defined receiving structures furthermore makes it easy to place the auxiliary equipment in the correct position.

In one embodiment, at least the top frame member and the two side frame members have substantially identical cross-sections. This provides for substantial improvements in terms of manufacture, storage and assembly.

The bottom frame member may comprise an outer piece and a separate inner piece, which are manufacture according to specifications and subsequently joined, for instance by a mortise or dovetail joint.

In a presently preferred embodiment, a first receiving structure comprises a lining groove in an interior side of each frame member, the lining grooves being configured to interact with a set of interior lining panels. This facilitates not only installation but also refurbishment of either the window or the lining panel.

In combination with an embodiment in which the bottom frame member comprises separate pieces, a first groove portion may be provided in the outer piece and a second groove portion in the separate inner piece, the first and second groove portions forming said lining groove in the assembled condition of the frame. This emphasises the flexibility achieved in manufacture and assembly.

According to the invention, a third receiving structure comprises a first outer groove in an outer side of the frame member, and said first outer groove is configured to interact with a protrusion of an insulating frame and optionally with engagement means of a mounting bracket. In this way, the first outer groove functions as a multi-purpose groove.

According to the invention, a sixth receiving structure comprises a second outer groove in an outer side of at least the side frame members, configured to interact with engagement means of a mounting bracket.

The latter embodiment is particularly advantageous in combination with a further development, in which the engagement means of the mounting bracket engage with the second outer groove, specifically also with the first outer groove.

A feature described in relation to one of the aspects may also be incorporated in the other aspect, and the advantage of the feature is applicable to all aspects in which it is incorporated.

In the following description embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which.

In the following detailed description, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, it is to be understood that features of the different embodiments are exchangeable between the embodiments and may be combined in different ways, unless anything else is specifically indicated. It may also be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the dimensions of certain components illustrated in the drawings may differ from the corresponding dimensions in real-life implementations.

It is noted that terms such as "up", "down", "left-hand", "right-hand", "exterior", "interior", "outer", "inner" are relative and refers to the viewpoint in question. In general, when referred to an exterior side, this relates to a side of a roof window in the mounted condition facing the outdoors or external side of the building. Conversely, an interior side refers to a side facing the internal side of the building, i.e. typically a subjacent room including any light shaft. Terms such as "outwards" and "inwards" are directions generally perpendicular to an interior-exterior direction, taking as its base point a centre of the roof window.

Referring initially to <FIG> and <FIG>, a roof window <NUM> is shown. The roof window <NUM> is intended to be installed in an inclined roof surface (not shown).

The roof window <NUM> comprises a frame <NUM>, a sash <NUM>, and a pane <NUM>. The frame <NUM> comprises a set of frame members including a top frame member <NUM>, two side frame members <NUM>, <NUM> and a bottom frame member <NUM>. Correspondingly, the sash <NUM> comprises a set of sash members including a top sash member <NUM>, two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> and a bottom sash member <NUM>. While the frame <NUM> and sash <NUM> are described as rectangular structures, some principles of the presented concepts may be applicable to other geometrical shapes as well.

The pane <NUM> comprises a number of edge portions generally associated to members of the sash <NUM> as will be described in further detail below. When in a closed position, an exterior pane surface 4e defines a plane of the roof window <NUM> in an assembled condition of the roof window <NUM>. The assembled condition of the roof window <NUM> is achieved when main components of the frame <NUM> and sash <NUM> have been assembled and the frame <NUM> and sash <NUM> are connected to each other, for instance in an installed position when the roof window <NUM> is ready for use. Correspondingly, an assembled condition of the sash <NUM> is achieved once main components of the sash <NUM> have been assembled, and an assembled condition of the frame <NUM> when main components of the frame <NUM> are assembled.

An interior pane surface 4i faces the interior, typically a room of a building subjacent the roof surface in which the roof window <NUM> is installed. A glazing bar <NUM> is fitted to the exterior pane surface 4e, and a glazing bar cover <NUM> is fitted on the interior pane surface 4i. Although less practical, it would also be possible to have a two-part pane with two pane halves divided by a throughgoing glazing bar. In wide roof windows, it is also possible to have more than one glazing bar, for instance two glazing bars dividing the surface of the pane visible from the exterior into three sections.

In the embodiments shown, the sash <NUM> is openable relative to the frame <NUM>, to obtain one or more open positions. In such open positions, the sash <NUM> and pane <NUM> are moved out of the plane of the roof window <NUM>. As will be described in the following, the sash <NUM> is shown as being tophung, i.e. during normal use, the sash <NUM> is rotated about a substantially horizontal hinge axis at or near the top frame member <NUM> and top sash member <NUM>. It is however conceivable to apply some principles of the presented concepts for roof windows on different types of windows having other opening patterns, or being provided as fixed skylights.

Further details shown in <FIG> and <FIG> include an operating assembly <NUM>, here shown as a manual handwinder or screwjack. Other operating assemblies may be present as well.

Also shown is a representative mounting bracket <NUM> forming part of a plurality of mounting brackets forming a load-transferring connection between the roof window <NUM> and a surrounding roof structure (not shown). Such a roof structure may include rafters and battens, plywood or other construction materials.

Finally, an insulating frame <NUM> is shown.

In the following description of various embodiments, elements having the same or analogous function carry the same reference numerals throughout. Suitable variations and modifications will be apparent to the person skilled in the art.

Typically, a roof window such as the roof window <NUM> shown in <FIG> and <FIG> is supplied with a set of mounting brackets <NUM>. As indicated, two mounting brackets <NUM> are fastened to each side frame member <NUM>, <NUM>. In the following, a single mounting bracket <NUM> will be described, in association with one side frame member <NUM>. The mounting brackets <NUM> of the set will most often be identical, although variations are possible.

The mounting bracket <NUM> comprises a first bracket leg <NUM> for fastening to the roof structure and a second bracket leg <NUM> for fastening to the frame <NUM> of the roof window <NUM>. To that end, the second bracket leg <NUM> comprises engagement means to interact with a corresponding receiving structure in an outer side of the side frame member <NUM> of the frame <NUM> of the roof window <NUM>. This ensures that the mounting bracket <NUM> is positioned correctly on the side frame member <NUM> and facilitates the installation process. The positioning of the mounting bracket <NUM> may be indicated in both the longitudinal direction and the height direction of the side frame member <NUM>, for instance by suitable markings and/or holes. The first bracket leg <NUM> of the mounting bracket <NUM> is connected to the second bracket leg <NUM> via a bend <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, the second bracket leg <NUM> is provided with a first engagement means <NUM> in a first section <NUM> of the second bracket leg <NUM> and a second engagement means <NUM> in a second section <NUM> of the second bracket leg <NUM>.

Of these two engagement means <NUM>, <NUM>, the second engagement means <NUM> is configured to assume an inactive position and an active position, of which the active position is shown.

The first engagement means <NUM> is configured to be received in one receiving structure of the outer side of the frame member <NUM> in the mounted condition of the mounting bracket <NUM> on the frame <NUM> of the roof window <NUM>, and the second engagement means <NUM> is configured to be received in another receiving structure of the outer side of the frame member <NUM> in the mounted condition of the mounting bracket <NUM> on the frame <NUM> of the roof window <NUM> in its active position only. This is shown most clearly in <FIG>, in which the first engagement means <NUM> is received in a first outer groove <NUM>, and the second engagement means <NUM> is received in a second outer groove 27b. At least the side frame members <NUM>, <NUM> each comprises a plurality of receiving structures at an outer side of the respective side frame member, such that at least one of the receiving structures interacts with the mounting bracket <NUM> in the mounted condition of the roof window <NUM>. The first outer groove <NUM> and the second outer groove 27b both extend in the longitudinal direction of the side frame member <NUM> at a distance from each other in the height direction, the first outer groove <NUM> being located to the exterior of the second outer groove 27b, as seen in the height direction.

To bring the second section <NUM> with the second engagement means <NUM> from the position in an aperture <NUM> in the second bracket leg <NUM> to a position in which the second section <NUM> is located substantially in extension of the first section <NUM>, the second section <NUM> with the second engagement means <NUM> is connected to the first section <NUM> via a hinge connection <NUM>, such that the second section <NUM> is configured to be brought from the inactive position to the active position by rotating the second section <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, each of the first and second engagement means comprises a flange <NUM>, <NUM> protruding at substantially right angles from the respective first and second sections <NUM>, <NUM>. Alternative configurations such as discrete spikes are also conceivable.

Referring first to <FIG> and <FIG> it is shown that the roof window <NUM> furthermore comprises a hinge assembly <NUM>.

The hinge assembly <NUM> is configured in such a way that it allows the sash <NUM> to be tophung in a first operational condition corresponding to normal use. That is, during normal use the sash <NUM> is rotated about a substantially horizontal first hinge axis at or near the top frame member <NUM> and top sash member <NUM> between a closed position and an open position.

Referring now also to <FIG> and <FIG>, it is seen that the hinge assembly <NUM> comprises a hinge unit <NUM> with a frame hinge part <NUM> connected to or connectable to at least the top frame member <NUM>, a sash hinge part <NUM> connected to at least the top sash member <NUM>, and a hinge pin <NUM> connecting the frame hinge part <NUM> with the sash hinge part <NUM>.

The term "connected to" implies that the component in question is in a condition, state or position in which the component in question is in fact connected to a part, whereas "connectable to" is intended to encompass such conditions, states and positions in which the component in question may be connected to the relevant part, but is not necessarily in connection with the part. In the description of <FIG> and <FIG>, the frame hinge part <NUM> including any sub-components will be described as being connected to parts of the frame <NUM>.

In the following, a coupling unit <NUM> of the hinge assembly <NUM> will be described in some detail. Details of the hinge assembly <NUM> are described in more detail in Applicant's co-pending patent applications filed on the same date as the present application.

The coupling unit <NUM> is configured to allow selective coupling of at least the frame hinge part <NUM> of the hinge unit <NUM> to the top frame member <NUM> and optionally to one of the side frame members <NUM>, <NUM>. In the following, the coupling unit <NUM> will be described as comprising both a top frame coupling plate <NUM> and a side frame coupling plate <NUM>. Alternative configurations are conceivable.

The top frame coupling plate <NUM> comprises a base section <NUM> connected to an inner side of the top frame member <NUM>. The top frame coupling plate <NUM> is connected to the top frame member <NUM> by means of a plurality of fastening means including at least one spigot 961c on the base section <NUM> and two bolt elements functioning also as engagement pins <NUM>, <NUM>. In this case, each engagement pin <NUM>, <NUM> cooperates with an insert nut <NUM>, <NUM> on the outer side of the top frame member <NUM>. To accommodate the top frame coupling plate <NUM>, the top frame member <NUM> comprises a hinge assembly receiving milling 29a and a set of openings 29c, 29e of which openings 29e are through-going openings, or through-holes.

The side frame coupling plate <NUM> comprises a base section <NUM> and is connected to the inner side of the side frame member <NUM> by means of a plurality of fastening means including at least one spigot 971e on the base section <NUM> and at least one opening (not shown in detail) for fastening means such as screws <NUM>. To receive the side frame coupling plate <NUM>, the side frame member <NUM> comprises a hinge assembly receiving milling 29b and a set of openings 29d, 29f.

During normal use, i.e. when the roof window <NUM> has been installed, and a user wishes to put the sash <NUM> in a ventilating position, the opening, closing and parking may be carried out by the assistance of an operating assembly, for instance as the shown manual handwinder or screwjack constituting the operating assembly <NUM>.

Referring first to <FIG>, the operating assembly <NUM> comprises a sash fitting <NUM>, a spindle part <NUM> with a spindle <NUM> connected to a socket fitting <NUM> via a nut part <NUM>, and a handle <NUM>, the sash fitting <NUM> being connected to the bottom sash member <NUM> and the socket fitting <NUM> being connected to the bottom frame member <NUM> in a mounted condition of the operating assembly such that upon rotation of the spindle part <NUM> relative to the nut part <NUM>, the bottom sash member <NUM> is moved relative to the bottom frame member <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, the roof window <NUM> may be provided in a supply condition which is suitable for packaging and transportation, the sash fitting <NUM> is connected to the bottom sash member <NUM> of the roof window <NUM> whereas the spindle part <NUM> with the nut part <NUM> and the socket fitting <NUM> are provided separately from the roof window <NUM>.

The nut part <NUM> comprises a nut ring <NUM> connected to a set of flanges <NUM> protruding from a base plate <NUM> of the socket fitting <NUM>, here by means of a set of bolts <NUM>. Holes <NUM> are provided in the base plate <NUM> for mounting the socket part <NUM> to the bottom frame member <NUM>.

The operating assembly <NUM> furthermore comprises a split <NUM> associated to the sash fitting <NUM>, the split <NUM> being displaceable between an active position in which it is in engagement with a set of openings <NUM> in a set of flanges <NUM> protruding from a base plate <NUM> of the sash fitting <NUM> and an inactive position to reveal a reception gap between the flanges <NUM> of the sash fitting <NUM>.

The spindle part <NUM> comprises an end portion <NUM> configured to cooperate with the sash fitting <NUM> in the mounted condition.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of the bottom part of the roof window <NUM> in <FIG> and <FIG>, the pane <NUM> comprises an exterior sheet <NUM> and at least one interior sheet, here two interior sheets <NUM>, <NUM> placed in contact with each other. The pane <NUM> is here a so-called stepped pane in which the exterior sheet <NUM> comprises an extended portion 41a extending beyond a bottom edge portion 42b of the interior sheets <NUM>, <NUM> to a bottom edge portion 41b of the exterior sheet <NUM>. Referring now also to <FIG> and <FIG>, showing side and top parts of the roof window <NUM>, respectively, the pane <NUM> has a common side edge portion 4b - this applies also to the opposite, not-shown side - and a common top edge portion 4c. A spacer <NUM> is provided between the most exterior interior sheet <NUM> and the exterior sheet <NUM> along all edge portions.

Common to all sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> of the sash <NUM> according to the invention is that each sash member comprises a profile element 31a, 32a, 34a, an inner element 31c, 32c, 34c and an intermediate element 31b, 32b, 34b. Although not indicated, the side sash member <NUM> not shown in cross-section has a similar configuration as the shown side sash member <NUM>.

The intermediate element 31b, 32b, 34b of the respective sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> forms a connection between the profile element 31a, 32a, 34a and the inner element 31c, 32c, 34c of the sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> in question. The intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 34b of the sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> may in principle be formed in the same way for all four sash members, or be formed with individual properties. Typically, the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> of the sash <NUM> will be designed with equal properties though.

Referring also to <FIG>, the intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b of the top sash member <NUM> and the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, in the embodiment shown, are formed as a set of longitudinal profiles while the intermediate element 34b of the bottom sash member <NUM> comprises a set of separate fittings, described in greater detail in connection with <FIG>. Details of the respective intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b will be described below.

The inner elements 31c, 32c, 33c, 34c of the sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> form a coherent inner element sash structure supporting an interior edge portion of the pane <NUM>. That is, edge portions of the pane <NUM> partly overlap the inner elements 31c, 32c, 33c, 34c as seen in from the interior. In this way, the top edge portion 4c, the side edge portion 4b, and the opposite side edge portion, and the bottom edge portion 42b of the interior sheet <NUM> are all located on the outer side of the coherent sash structure provided by the inner elements such that any spacers <NUM> and other elements present along the edge portions of the pane <NUM> are hidden from view by the inner elements 31c, 32c, 33c, 34c and are thus not visible from the interior of the building. The inner elements 31c, 32c, 33c, 34c of the sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> may have a substantially identical cross-sections and be formed by any suitable material, for instance wood, joined in mortise joints at the corners. It is also conceivable to form the inner element structure as a fully coherent structure, for instance by moulding.

As will also be described in further detail in connection with the embodiment below, the profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a of the sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> are located along respective exterior edge portions of the pane <NUM>, and the intermediate element 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b of each sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> comprises engagement means 32b3, 34b3 configured to form a structural connection with the inner element 32c, 34c in one of at least two distinct positions in the height direction.

Also indicated in <FIG> and <FIG> is a hinge assembly <NUM> present in a gap between the top sash member <NUM> and the top frame member <NUM>, and between the side sash member <NUM> and the side frame member <NUM>, by which the sash <NUM> is connected to the frame <NUM> to provide a tophung hinge connection.

Regarding the frame <NUM> of the roof window <NUM>, each frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> comprises a plurality of receiving structures at an interior, exterior, inner and/or outer side of the respective frame member. Each receiving structure is configured to interact with auxiliary equipment in an assembled condition of the frame <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, the top frame member <NUM> and the two side frame members <NUM>, <NUM> have substantially identical cross-sections.

Referring particularly to <FIG> and <FIG>, the bottom frame member <NUM> comprises an outer piece 24a and a separate inner piece 24b. The outer piece 24a and the separate inner piece 24b may be formed by the same material as the top frame member <NUM> and the side frame members <NUM>, <NUM>, for instance wood, or as a composite component comprising plywood and other materials.

A further feature of the roof window <NUM> in the shown embodiment is that the frame <NUM> comprises at least one releasable component configured to allow replacement with a different set of components to change the functionality of the roof window <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, one such releasable component comprises a cover 24c releasably connected to remaining components of the bottom frame member <NUM> and defining a cavity relative to the remaining components of the bottom frame member <NUM>. The cover 24c may be formed by any suitable material, for instance a profile element of a plastic or metal material.

Here, where the bottom frame member <NUM> comprises the outer piece 24a and the separate inner piece 24b, the cavity defined by the cover 24c is defined by the inner side of the outer piece 24a in the outwards direction and mainly by the exterior side of the separate inner piece 24b towards the interior.

To obtain the releasable connection, edge portions 24c1, 24c2 of the cover 24c are received in receiving grooves in the bottom frame member <NUM>, specifically in one receiving groove 24a1 in the outer piece 24a and one receiving groove 24b1 in the separate inner piece 24b.

In the embodiment shown, in which the roof window <NUM> is prepared for manual operation by means of the operating assembly <NUM>, an insulating piece 24d is accommodated in the cavity defined by the cover 24c.

In order to change the functionality of the roof window <NUM>, the cavity defined by the cover 24c is configured to receive an electrical operator (not shown) and the cover 24c is configured to be replaced by a different cover (not shown) allowing operating means of the electrical operator to be connected to the sash <NUM>.

It is also conceivable to allow the sash fitting <NUM> connected to the bottom sash member <NUM> to be selectively connected to such an electrical operator in which case the sash fitting <NUM> is simply reused for the operating means of the electrical operator.

Likewise, it is conceivable to provide the roof window <NUM> in a condition in which the bottom frame member <NUM> comprises a dummy element configured to be replaced by the socket fitting <NUM> of the operating assembly <NUM>.

Correspondingly, if the roof window <NUM> were provided in a basic form with a different hinge than the hinge assembly <NUM> described in the above embodiments, it would also be conceivable to use blind plates to cover the hinge assembly receiving millings 29a, 29b to allow replacement of the previous hinge with the hinge assembly <NUM>.

A first receiving structure comprises a lining groove <NUM> in an interior side of each frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>. The lining grooves <NUM> are configured to interact with a set of interior lining panels. Such lining panels typically form the transition between the roof window <NUM> and in interior wall. In the bottom frame member <NUM>, a first groove portion 25a is provided in the outer piece 24a and a second groove portion 25b in the separate inner piece 24b. In the assembled condition of the frame <NUM>, the first and second groove portions 25a, 25b form the lining groove <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, each frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> comprises an inwards protruding portion 21i, 22i, 24i at least partly overlapping the corresponding sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, as seen in from the interior. This is made possible, since all parts of the sash <NUM> move towards the exterior when opening the sash <NUM> relative to the frame <NUM>.

A second receiving structure comprises a sealing groove <NUM> in an exterior side of the inwards protruding portion 21i, 22i, 24i. The sealing groove <NUM> is configured to interact with a frame sealing profile 26p.

A third receiving structure comprises a first outer groove <NUM> in an outer side of the frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>. The first outer groove <NUM> is configured to interact with a respective piece <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> of the insulating frame <NUM>. The interaction may take place by introducing a longitudinal protrusion <NUM> of the insulating frame piece into the groove <NUM>, or to locate separate fastening means correctly.

Taking again the perspective as seen from a user from the interior of the building, in the roof of which the roof window <NUM> is installed, it is also noted that the inwards protruding portion 21i, 22i, 24i of each frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> has an inwards facing surface which together form a coherent inwards facing surface. As indicated, this appearance mimics a corresponding coherent inwards facing surface of the sash <NUM>.

A fourth receiving structure comprises an interface unit groove <NUM> in an exterior side of the top frame member <NUM> and the two side frame members <NUM>, <NUM>. This interface unit groove <NUM> interacts with a respective top and side element <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> of an interface unit <NUM>, the function of which will be described further below.

Further details visible in the drawings include guiding elements <NUM> (see <FIG>) and <NUM> (see <FIG>), which ascertain that the sash <NUM> is aligned relative to the frame <NUM> when closing the sash such that any skewness occurring in the open position of the sash <NUM> is eliminated. A screening mounting bracket <NUM> is visible in <FIG>, by which it is possible to install an interior screening device (not shown) in the sash <NUM> to provide screening of the pane <NUM>. An abutment element <NUM> provides a stop for the bottom sash member <NUM> during closing.

Details of the insulating frame <NUM> are also shown in these figures; as mentioned in the above, the insulation frame <NUM> includes top piece <NUM>, side pieces <NUM>, <NUM>, and bottom piece <NUM>. In the embodiments shown, each such insulation frame piece comprises protrusion <NUM> to be received in the outer side of the respective frame member, and an indentation <NUM> to interact with auxiliary equipment in the form of an underroof collar described in more detail in Applicant's co-pending patent applications filed on the same date as the present application. With particular reference to <FIG>, a recess <NUM> is shown which makes place for the mounting bracket <NUM> to be mounted on the side frame member <NUM> of the frame <NUM>, and a folding line <NUM> which allows folding back of part of the side piece <NUM> of the insulating frame <NUM> to allow access to the outer side of the side frame member <NUM>. At least the side pieces <NUM>, <NUM> of the insulating frame <NUM> are provided with such recesses <NUM> and folding lines <NUM> at or near the location of the intended positions of the mounting brackets <NUM> of the set of mounting brackets supplied with the roof window <NUM>. The insulating frame <NUM> may in principle be made from any material with suitable thermal insulating properties. It is presently preferred that a foam material be used, for instance polyethylene foam.

Turning now to the description of the connection between the elements of the sash <NUM>, the engagement between the intermediate elements 31b, 32b and 33b of the top sash member <NUM> and the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> and the respective inner element 31c, 32c, 33c will be described first.

With particular reference to <FIG>, an outer side of each inner element, here as shown the inner element 32c of the side sash member <NUM>, is provided with reception means configured to receive the engagement means of the intermediate element 32b of the side sash member <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, the reception means comprises two longitudinally extending grooves 32c1, 32c2 at a distance from each other in the height direction, the grooves being open in an outwards direction of the roof window <NUM>.

In the embodiment shown, the longitudinal profiles forming the intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b have a uniform cross-section and may in principle be cut from one and the same profile length. It is preferred that the longitudinal profiles are formed by a continuous moulding process, such as extrusion or pultrusion. Specifically the profiles are formed by pultrusion of a composite material incorporating resin and glass fibre.

Thus, only one of these intermediate elements will be described in detail, namely intermediate element 32b. Referring now to <FIG>, the intermediate element 32b comprises a base portion 32b1 extending substantially in the height direction in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM> and a head portion 32b2 extending at an angle to the base portion 32b1. The base portion 32b1 is provided with the engagement means on a surface facing inwards in the assembled condition, facing an outer surface of the inner element 32c, as shown in <FIG>. The position, location and length of the individual intermediate elements 31b, 32b and 33b appear also from <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG>, <FIG> and <FIG>.

In the embodiment shown, the engagement means of the base portion 32b1 of the intermediate element 32b comprises a protruding portion formed as a flange 32b3 extending throughout the length of the profile and configured to engage with a selective one groove 32c1, 32c2 of the inner element 32c of the side sash member <NUM>.

The base portion 32b1 of each intermediate element 32b comprises a stepped section 32b4, which is offset in the inwards direction by an offsetting bend 32b5 relative to the remaining section of the base portion 32b1. The engagement means, here the flange 32b3, is provided in the stepped section 32b4.

Additional fastening means 30x (cf. <FIG> and <FIG>) are provided to fasten the intermediate element or elements 32b to the inner element 32c of the side sash member <NUM>. In order to receive the additional fastening means 30x, the base portion 32b1 of the intermediate element 32b comprises openings 32b6 configured to receive the additional fastening means 30x, namely in the stepped section 32b4.

Turning now in particular to <FIG>, the connection between the intermediate element 34b and the inner element 34c of the bottom sash member <NUM> will be described in detail.

Just as the intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b described in the above, the intermediate element 34b comprises a base portion 34b1 extending substantially in the height direction and a head portion 34b2 extending at an angle to the base portion 34b1. The base portion 34b1 is provided with the engagement means 34b3 on an inner surface, facing an outer surface of the inner element 34c. The engagement means of the base portion 34b1 comprises a protruding portion 34b3 to engage with a selective one groove 34c1, 34c2 of the inner element 34c of the bottom sash member <NUM>. Additional fastening means 30y are provided to fasten the intermediate element 34b to the inner element 34c of the bottom sash member <NUM>, in openings 34b6 in stepped section 34b4, which is offset in the inwards direction by offsetting bend 34b5 relative to the remaining section of the base portion 34b1.

In the embodiment shown, the intermediate element 34b of the bottom sash member <NUM> comprises a set of fittings. Two such sets may be provided along the length of the bottom sash member <NUM>.

Each set of fittings comprises a connecting fitting provided with the engagement means configured to form a structural connection with the inner element 34c in one of at least two distinct positions in the height direction. The connecting fitting comprises a first fitting part 34b0 and a second fitting part 34b10. The first fitting part 34b0 comprises the engagement means and the second fitting part 34b10 is configured to be connected to the first fitting part 34b0 to function as a spacer between the outer surface of the inner element 34c of the bottom sash member <NUM> and the first fitting part 34b0. To connect the first and second fitting parts 34b0, 34b10 with each other, the second fitting part 34b10 is provided with at least one resilient hook 34b11 configured to interact with a corresponding opening 34b12 in the first fitting part 34b0. The head portion 34b2 of the intermediate element 34b of the bottom sash member <NUM> is received in a slit 34a5 of an inner portion 34a2 of the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>.

Turning now to <FIG>, showing a simplified overview of the main components of the side sash member <NUM>, it is seen how the same components of the sash <NUM> may accommodate two different thicknesses of the pane <NUM>. This is carried out by changing the position of the engagement means of the intermediate element 32b from the first groove 32c1 to the second groove 32c2. This will require a slightly adapted side frame member 22c. The intermediate elements 31b, 33b, 34b at the other sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> are moved similarly.

Focus will now be on the profile elements of the sash <NUM>. The general configuration of the profile elements 31a, 32a and 33a of the top and side sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> is shown in the perspective views of <FIG> and <FIG> while details are shown in the cross-sectional view of <FIG>. The profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> is shown most clearly in <FIG>.

Corresponding to the above, only the profile element 32a of the side sash member <NUM> will be described in representation of the longitudinal profiles of the top sash member <NUM> and the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, since in the embodiment shown, these profile elements are formed as a set of longitudinal profiles of substantially uniform cross-section.

The details common to all profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a, 34a are as follows:
Each profile element 32a, 34a comprises a head portion 32a1, 34a1 and an adjoining outer portion 32a3, 34a3.

The head portion 32a1, 34a1 is substantially parallel to the plane of the roof window <NUM> in the assembled condition of the roof window <NUM>, and the adjoining outer portion 32a3, 34a3 is substantially perpendicular to the head portion 32a1, 34a1.

However, the head portion 32a1 of the profile element 32a of each of the top and side sash members <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> is located on the exterior side of the exterior pane surface 4e, and on the outer side of the side edge portion 4b and the top edge portion 4c of the pane <NUM>, whereas the head portion 34a1 of the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> is located on the interior side of the extended portion 41a of the exterior sheet <NUM> of the pane <NUM>.

The profile element 32a of the side sash member <NUM> and the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> are thus separated by a layer of glass; nevertheless, an overlap is provided by selecting a length of the profile elements 32a, 33a of the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> to substantially correspond to or slightly exceed the distance between the top edge portion 4c of the pane <NUM> and the bottom edge portion 41b of the exterior sheet <NUM> of the pane <NUM>. The length of the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> is suitably selected to extend substantially to the side edge portion 4b of the pane <NUM>.

The length of the profile element 31a of the top sash member <NUM> is chosen in accordance with the dimensions of the pane <NUM> and the desired manner of joining the profile element 31a to the profile elements 32a, 33a. In the embodiment shown, the longitudinal profiles form mitred joints between the profile element 31a of the top sash member <NUM> and the respective profile elements 32a, 33a of the side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>, see <FIG>.

Also visible in <FIG> are an end plug <NUM> which closes off the profile element 32a of the side sash member <NUM>. The end plug <NUM> is provided with friction-increasing ribs and a snap arm, not described in detail. The glazing bar <NUM> is provided with a counterpart end plug. Furthermore, a trailing element <NUM> is provided to drain any condensed water out to a profile element sealing 34p.

To ensure a tight joint at the mitred joints, a corner key <NUM> is provided at each mitred joint, see <FIG>. During manufacture, a sealant 39b is suitably applied as will be described in further detail below with particular reference to <FIG>.

The corner key <NUM> has a generally L-shaped configuration with two perpendicular legs 39a1 divided by a channel 39a2. In the channel 39a2, a set of primary openings 39a3 is provided.

Furthermore, each leg 39a1 is adjoined by a depending skirt 39a4 on a first side. Here, a secondary opening 39a5 is provided.

In order to fit the profile of the profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a, each leg 39a1 is adjoined by an inclined section 39a6 on a second side.

As shown in <FIG>, the channel 39a2 ends in a tongue 39a7, optionally adjoining an inclined channel section 39a8.

The profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a are suitably configured to receive the pane <NUM> in an upside-down position, i.e. with the respective head portions 32a1 facing a substrate such as an assembly table. This step of the assembly of the sash <NUM> may take place after the intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b have been introduced into the respective profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a. Also visible in <FIG> and <FIG>, are pane clips 4t, which are placed at suitable distances from each other along the top edge portion 4c and side edge portions 4b of the pane <NUM>. In the embodiment shown, the interaction between the main components of the sash <NUM> is defined by the following configuration of the components:
Each of the longitudinal profiles forming the profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a of the top sash member <NUM> and the two side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> comprises an inner portion 32a2 adjoining the head portion 32a1. The dimensions are chosen such that the inner portion 32a2 overlaps the pane <NUM> in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>.

The head portion 32a1 of each profile element 31a, 32a, 33a is configured to protrude to the exterior relative to the exterior surface of the pane 4e in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>.

The inner portion 32a2 is inclined from the head portion 32a1 relative to the head portion 32a1 and extends inwards and to the interior, towards the exterior surface of the pane 4e in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>.

The inner portion 32a2 is adjoined by a first bend 32a4 configured to be located at or near the exterior surface of the pane 4e.

A second bend 32a5 is provided as shown in for example <FIG>. The second bend 32a5 has as its function to accommodate a sealing 4p relative to the exterior surface of the pane 4e.

A third bend 32a6 is also provided, said third bend 32a6 being configured to accommodate an inner edge portion 32b9 of the intermediate element 32b relative to an interior side of the inner portion 32a2. For a detailed overview of the intermediate element 32b, confer <FIG>.

A transition portion 32a7 is provided between the head portion 32a1 and the inner portion 32a2. The transition portion 32a7 is configured to accommodate a ridge portion 32b7 of the intermediate element 32b.

A fourth bend 32a8 is provided adjacent the outer portion 32a3 of the profile element 32a. The fourth bend 32a8 is configured to accommodate an outer edge portion 32b12 of the intermediate element 32b.

The inner portion 32a2 of the profile element 32a is configured to be located opposite an inner inclined portion 32b8 of the intermediate element 32b in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>.

Finally, the outer edge portion 32b12 of the intermediate element 32b is associated with the head portion 32b2 of the intermediate element 32b via an outer inclined portion 32b11 and a bend 32b10.

All in all, the configuration of the described embodiment makes it possible to provide a secure engagement between the intermediate elements 31b, 32b, 33b and the profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a.

The length of the intermediate elements 32b, 33b of the side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> may be chosen slightly shorter than the associated profile element 32a, 33a.

At the bottom sash member <NUM>, the head portion 34a1 of the profile element 34a is provided with at least one longitudinally extending groove 34a4 to receive a respective sealing strip <NUM>. These sealing strips <NUM> may be formed by silicone to form an adhesive connection between the profile element 34a and the extended portion 41a of the exterior sheet <NUM> of the pane <NUM>. A masking <NUM> may be provided at the extended portion 41a on in interior side of the exterior sheet <NUM>.

As described in the above, the intermediate element 31b, 32b, 33b, 34b of each sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> comprises engagement means 32b3, 34b3 configured to form a structural connection with the inner element 31c, 32c, 33c, 34c. To secure the intermediate element 34b of the bottom sash member <NUM> also to the profile element 34a, the head portion 34b2 of the intermediate element 34b is configured to be received in a slit 34a5 of an inner portion 34a2 of the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> in the assembled condition of the sash <NUM>, see <FIG>. To increase the strength of the inner portion 34a2, this portion may be formed as a double-layer, folded portion.

The manufacture of the sash <NUM> may in principle take place in any suitable manner. In the following, one presently preferred method will be described:
In a first step, a set of three longitudinal profiles is provided. The longitudinal profiles may for instance be formed a single profile length of an extruded material such as metal, for instance aluminium. Other materials and manufacturing processes are conceivable, including roll forming of steel or other metal, or of a composite material.

Secondly, mitre shapes are formed at mutually facing ends of the longitudinal profiles. If the longitudinal profiles are formed from a single length, and if convenient, the mitre shapes may be formed in a coherent length by aptly formed incisions to form inner corners at the intersection between the top and the sides.

A pane of suitable dimensions is provided, for instance as described in the above.

The sets of four inner elements and four intermediate elements are provided, for instance as described in the above.

The longitudinal profiles are now placed in an upside-down position on an assembly table to form a profile element frame structure constituting three sides of a rectangle. This typically takes place by guiding elements fixable to the assembly table corresponding to the outer circumference of the sash.

The pane is placed within the profile element frame structure, and the profile element structure is connected to the inner elements, optionally via the intermediate elements, to form the sash. During this procedure, the intermediate elements at the top and sides are typically inserted into the counterpart profile elements. The inner elements may as described above be connected to each other to form an inner element frame structure, which is placed on the pane, following which the intermediate elements are connected to the respective inner elements.

Referring briefly back to <FIG>, a set of two corner keys <NUM> is advantageously provided placed within the longitudinal profile element s 31a, 32a, 33a at the mutually facing mitred ends before placing the pane <NUM> within the profile element frame structure. Sealant 39b is preferably applied to each corner key <NUM>. During assembly, it is ensured that the sealant 39b is able to flow through the primary openings 39a3 of the corner key <NUM> such that the sealant 39b is distributed.

In the embodiment shown, each corner key <NUM> is configured to be mechanically connected to the respective adjacent profile elements 31a, 32a, 33a. This may take place by clinching, for instance by TOX® technology.

In embodiments in which the roof window <NUM> comprises one or more glazing bars, such as glazing bar <NUM>, the glazing bar or bars is/are aligned on the assembly table before placing the pane <NUM> within the profile element frame structure. The glazing bar <NUM> is provided with one or more adhesive strips 45a to fasten to the exterior surface 4e of the pane <NUM>.

Referring now in particular to <FIG>, an embodiment is shown in which the roof window <NUM> is provided with a covering assembly <NUM>. Details of the covering assembly <NUM> generally comprising a flashing assembly and any other auxiliary equipment are described in more detail in Applicant's co-pending patent applications filed on the same date as the present application.

In the following, a sealing assembly of the roof window <NUM> will be described. Some details of the sealing assembly have been described in the above as well.

The sealing assembly generally comprises a set of sealing profiles.

In the embodiment shown, sealing between the sash <NUM> and the frame <NUM> is provided by an exterior sealing plane, an intermediate sealing plane and an interior sealing plane. Reference is also made to the cross-sectional views of the top, side and bottom of the roof window <NUM> shown and described in the above.

The interior sealing plane comprises the frame sealing profile 26p provided in the exterior side of each frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and interacts with the interior side of the respective sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>.

The intermediate sealing plane comprises the sash sealing profile 30p1 provided in the outer side of each sash member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> and interacts with the inner side of the respective frame member <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>. The sash sealing profile 30p1 is provided in sash sealing groove 30g1.

At the bottom side, the exterior sealing plane is provided in that the profile element sealing 34p on the profile element 34a of the bottom sash member <NUM> is in contact with the outer side of the bottom frame member <NUM> in the closed position of the sash <NUM>.

At the top and sides, the exterior sealing plane is defined by the interface elements <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>. Referring in particular to <FIG>, the similarities and differences between the top interface element <NUM> and the side interface elements, here represented by interface element <NUM>, in the embodiment shown will be described:
Each interface element <NUM>, <NUM> comprises a base portion <NUM> with an anchor section <NUM>, an inner leg <NUM>, an outer leg <NUM>, a flange <NUM> and a sealing portion <NUM>. The anchor section <NUM> of the base portion <NUM> is received in the interface unit groove <NUM> in the assembled condition of the roof window <NUM>. The sealing portion <NUM> faces to the exterior and interacts with the top sash member <NUM> and side sash members <NUM>, <NUM> during opening and closing of the sash <NUM> and in the closed position of the sash <NUM>.

Together, the inner leg <NUM>, the outer leg <NUM>, and the flange <NUM> form a channel <NUM>, <NUM> in the top interface element <NUM> and the side interface element <NUM>. A corresponding channel is formed in the other side interface element <NUM>. In this way, water emanating from rain or other precipitation may be guided from the channel <NUM> in the top interface element <NUM> to the channels <NUM> in the side interface elements <NUM>, <NUM> and further out to the covering assembly <NUM> (not shown in detail).

Common to both the top interface element <NUM> and the side interface element <NUM> in the embodiment shown is that the sealing portion <NUM> comprises an inner sealing lip <NUM> and an outer sealing lip <NUM>. The inner sealing lip <NUM> of both the top interface element <NUM> and of the side interface element <NUM> is provided sufficiently inwards that the inner sealing lip <NUM> interacts with the interior of the top sash member <NUM> and the side sash member <NUM>, cf. <FIG> and <FIG>; however the outer sealing lip <NUM> of the top interface element <NUM> is located on the outer side of the top sash member <NUM>. In the embodiment shown, this is due to the fact that the flange <NUM> of the top interface element <NUM> is longer than the counterpart flange of the side interface element <NUM>. It is noted that while at least the sealing portion <NUM> of each interface element <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> is formed to be resilient, i.e. as is customary in sealings, the sealing portion <NUM> is able to be deformed when coming into abutment with another component and then spring back when relaxing, this is not reflected in the figures since they generally show elements in their undeformed condition. In general, at least the sealing portion <NUM> has different properties than at least the base portion <NUM>. This may be provided by co-extrusion or co-moulding of two (or more) different materials.

To ensure a tight interaction at the top of the roof window <NUM>, the top interface element <NUM> comprises an additional inner sealing lip <NUM>, a first additional outer sealing lip <NUM> and a second additional outer sealing lip <NUM>, cf. also <FIG>.

In the embodiment shown, the interface elements <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM> furthermore allow interaction with the covering assembly <NUM> in that the base portion <NUM>, inner leg <NUM> and flange <NUM> form a flashing reception groove <NUM>. The flashing reception groove <NUM> has a groove opening 85b and is provided with a number of protrusions 85a.

The sealing assembly furthermore comprises a pane sealing 30p2, received in pane sealing groove 30g2. It is noted that the pane sealing 30p2 remains stationary relative to the sash <NUM>.

Referring now to <FIG>, details of alternative embodiments will be described. Only differences relative to the above-mentioned embodiment will be described in detail.

In <FIG>, a foam element 32f is shown present in the sash side member <NUM>. A similar foam element may be present in the opposite sash side member <NUM> as well. The longitudinal extension of the foam element 32f may be such that the foam element 32f extends over a major part of the length of the sash side member <NUM>. The foam element 32f abuts the interior side of the head portion 32b2 of the intermediate element 32b along the extent of the intermediate element 32b, and is allowed to expand towards the interior side of the head portion 32a1 of the profile element 32a of the side sash member <NUM> in the portions of the foam element 32f protruding beyond the longitudinal ends of the intermediate element 32b. The foam element 32f has general climate shielding properties.

In <FIG>, a stabilising plate 310x is placed in the channel <NUM> of the top element <NUM> of the interface unit <NUM> to improve the structural properties. Furthermore, an extension plate 310y is shown fastened to the profile element 31a of the top sash member <NUM> to protrude into the channel <NUM>. The extension plate 310y improves guidance of precipitation into the channel <NUM> and for further guidance towards the sides of the roof window. This is particularly relevant in roof windows built into roofs of a large inclination. The relative positions of the stabilising plate 310x and the extension plate 310y are shown more clearly in <FIG>. For ease of reading of the relevant portions of the interface unit <NUM>, <FIG> shows the top element <NUM> of the interface unit <NUM> without the stabilising plate 310x and without the sash <NUM> including the extension plate 310y.

<FIG> shows the interaction between the bottom of the roof window <NUM> and the covering assembly <NUM>.

Finally, <FIG> show a view of the lower right-hand corner of the roof window <NUM>, in which the sash <NUM> has been lifted slightly relative to the frame <NUM> for clarity reasons.

Here, a clip 22x is mounted on the side element <NUM> of the interface unit <NUM>. The clip 22x is provided with a clip flange 22xa as shown in more detail in <FIG>. The end plug <NUM> of the sash side member <NUM> is in this embodiment provided with an end plug flange 38a. In the closed position of the roof window <NUM>, the end plug flange 38a overlaps the clip flange 22xa.

Claim 1:
A roof window (<NUM>) comprising a frame (<NUM>), a sash (<NUM>), and a pane (<NUM>), in which
the frame (<NUM>) comprises a set of frame members including a top frame member (<NUM>), two side frame members (<NUM>, <NUM>) and a bottom frame member (<NUM>) and the sash (<NUM>) comprises a set of sash members including a top sash member (<NUM>), two side sash members (<NUM>, <NUM>) and a bottom sash member (<NUM>),
the roof window (<NUM>) furthermore comprising a plurality of mounting brackets (<NUM>) and an insulating frame (<NUM>),
wherein each frame member (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>) comprises a plurality of receiving structures at an interior, exterior, inner and/or outer side of the respective frame member, each said receiving structure being configured to interact with auxiliary equipment in an assembled condition of the frame,
wherein a third receiving structure comprises a first outer groove (<NUM>) in an outer side of the frame member (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>),
wherein said first outer groove (<NUM>) is configured to interact with a protrusion (<NUM>) on a piece (<NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>, <NUM>) of the insulating frame (<NUM>) and optionally with engagement means one of the mounting brackets (<NUM>),
characterised in that a sixth receiving structure comprises a second outer groove (27b) in an outer side of at least the side frame members (<NUM>, <NUM>), configured to interact with engagement means (<NUM>, <NUM>) one of the mounting brackets (<NUM>), and
that the engagement means (<NUM>, <NUM>) of said mounting bracket engage with the second outer groove (27b), specifically also with the first outer groove (<NUM>).