question stringlengths 17 447 | subject stringclasses 1
value | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer class label 4
classes |
|---|---|---|---|
Mass-society theory suggests that: | sociology | [
"the content of the media is determined by market forces",
"the subordinate classes are dominated by the ideology of the ruling class",
"the media manipulate 'the masses' as vulnerable, passive consumers",
"audiences make selective interpretations of media messages"
] | 2C |
The ecological approach to urban sociology involved studying: | sociology | [
"how social groups colonized different areas of the city and competed for resources",
"the forms of wildlife and natural habitats that could be found on the edges of the city",
"the way in which people organized collective protests about environmental issues",
"how men and women used the city's public spaces ... | 0A |
Which of the following was not defined by Giddens (1998) as part of New Labour's 'third way': | sociology | [
"the democratization of the family",
"putting an end to privatization",
"positive welfare: 'a hand up, not a hand-out'",
"the strengthening of civil society"
] | 1B |
Queer Theory makes the claim that: | sociology | [
"heterosexuality is the normal and most desirable way to be",
"the sexual categories and discourses we use are based upon true, underlying biological differences",
"deviant forms of masculinity are seen as more threatening to the gender order than deviant forms of femininity",
"all sexualities are pluralistic... | 3D |
Scott (1991) introduced the term 'power elite' to describe: | sociology | [
"the ruling class, or bourgeoisie, who exploit the proletariat",
"a capitalist class dependent on property ownership and advantaged life chances",
"an alignment of classes with shared interests but no state power",
"a state elite whose members are drawn overwhelmingly from a power bloc"
] | 3D |
According to Davis (1995), women may seek cosmetic surgery because: | sociology | [
"they have a deep-rooted sense of ineffectiveness and are striving for control",
"they are in pursuit of the 'perfect' body, fuelled by images of beauty",
"they perceive a part of their body as stigmatizing, in relation to a cultural ideal",
"their male partners pressurize them to look like supermodels"
] | 2C |
Herberg's (1955) study of religion in America suggested that: | sociology | [
"ethnic minorities practised religion to achieve social acceptance in the culture",
"mainstream faiths were becoming increasingly identified with national identity",
"the moral teachings of the main religions were becoming relatively similar",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Structural-Functionalists describe society as: | sociology | [
"a complex network of interaction at a micro-level",
"a source of conflict, inequality, and alienation",
"an unstable structure of social relations",
"a normative framework of roles and institutions"
] | 3D |
Traditional working class identity was based around: | sociology | [
"shared working conditions in the manufacturing industry",
"the class consciousness of members of the proletariat",
"local communities, extended kinship networks and shared leisure pursuits",
"collective aspirations to move into the middle class"
] | 2C |
Frank (1967) made the claim that 'underdeveloped' societies were: | sociology | [
"insufficiently involved in the international capitalist economy",
"reluctant to surrender their traditional ways of life",
"economically dependent on the wealthy countries that exploited them",
"the 'metropoles' to which 'satellite' countries were attached"
] | 2C |
The case of the former Soviet Union supports Kerr et al.'s (1960) claim that: | sociology | [
"totalitarian regimes are incompatible with the requirements of advanced industrial technology",
"democratic governments serve the interests of a ruling elite",
"advanced industrial technology strengthens the power of totalitarian regimes",
"communist societies disperse power between various political parties... | 0A |
The print revolution of the nineteenth century resulted in: | sociology | [
"mass production, mass circulation, and the decline of serious content",
"the public ownership of newspapers as a shared resource",
"more people going to the cinema as a new leisure activity",
"a reduction of 'virtual communities' on the Internet"
] | 0A |
The term 'feminist standpoint' suggests: | sociology | [
"taking a stand on the issues neglected by feminism",
"studying society from the perspective of women",
"the recognition of difference and diversity in women's lives",
"a tendency to ignore the gendered nature of knowledge"
] | 1B |
Ethnographic research produces qualitative data because: | sociology | [
"the findings are amenable to statistical analysis",
"it is conducted over a period of several years",
"it uncovers rich, detailed accounts from an insider's perspective",
"it compares findings from a number of different cases"
] | 2C |
Marx proclaimed that religion would disappear when: | sociology | [
"a new trend of moral individualism became established",
"a socialist revolution removed the need for capitalist ideology",
"church attendance dropped below 15%",
"people came to believe more in science and technology"
] | 1B |
Butler & Stokes (1969) suggested that working class support for the Labour Party arose from: | sociology | [
"socialization into working class families and communities",
"rational calculation of self-interest",
"issue-based concerns about culture and lifestyle",
"false consciousness and the acceptance of hegemonic values"
] | 0A |
Sociology differs from common sense in that: | sociology | [
"it focuses on the researchers' own experiences",
"it makes little distinction between the way the world is and the way it ought to be",
"its knowledge is accumulated from many different research contexts",
"it is subjective and biased"
] | 2C |
Weber defined a 'class situation' as: | sociology | [
"the exploitation of the working class by their capitalist employers",
"a social group's consciousness of their status and life chances",
"a person's position in the capital, product and labour markets, based on their economic resources",
"the lifestyle of a social class, as defined by patterns of consumption... | 2C |
The introduction of market principles to educational policy in the 1980s resulted in: | sociology | [
"more funding for students in higher education",
"the delegation of power and budgetary control to LEAs",
"a reduction in parental choice of school",
"increased state regulation through national testing and inspections"
] | 3D |
Smith & Tomlinson argued that: | sociology | [
"differences in ethnic background were more significant than class or gender in predicting educational achievement",
"racism in schools undermined the move towards equality of opportunity for children from ethnic minorites",
"school character far outweighed ethnic background in determining educational success",... | 2C |
The 'post-industrial society' identified by Bell (1973) involved: | sociology | [
"the increasing power of trade unions in resolving industrial disputes",
"a resurgence of interest in industrial production and manufacturing",
"a shift towards a service economy, based on knowledge and information",
"all of the above"
] | 2C |
In contemporary societies, social institutions are: | sociology | [
"highly specialized, interrelated sets of social practices",
"disorganized social relations in a postmodern world",
"virtual communities in cyberspace",
"no longer relevant to sociology"
] | 0A |
White-collar crime is low in visibility because: | sociology | [
"it involves only small amounts of money",
"the proletariat can outsmart the bourgeoisie",
"the police turn a blind eye to corporate crime",
"it goes undetected in the context of everyday business transactions"
] | 3D |
With industrial capitalism, leisure emerged as a concept that meant: | sociology | [
"distinct periods of non-work and relaxation",
"regulated and organized activities to reduce social disorder",
"the growth of civic, municipal culture through public libraries, museums and art galleries",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
A moral panic occurs when: | sociology | [
"the media exaggerate reports of deviant groups, generating hostile reactions",
"children watch violent or sexually explicit films and then copy the behaviour",
"audiences challenge the ethnic stereotypes represented by the media",
"elitists express concern with the Americanization of culture"
] | 0A |
In the context of the labour movement in the nineteenth century, 'incorporation' meant: | sociology | [
"including union representatives in processes of policy decision making",
"creating links between the state and corporate organizations",
"recruiting women into full time paid employment",
"including working class organizations in political bargaining and representation"
] | 3D |
The capitalist world economy is what Wallerstein (1974) would call a 'world system'. This term refers to: | sociology | [
"a means of transporting money between different areas of a country",
"an empire with a bureaucratic administration but no political centre",
"an awareness of risks and dangers that affect the environment as a whole",
"a unit with a division of labour that extends across ethnic and cultural groups"
] | 3D |
The term 'emotion work' (Hochschild 1983) refers to: | sociology | [
"the techniques used to consciously manage and present emotions that are deemed appropriate for public settings of interaction",
"the work done by psychologists, counselors and therapists to help clients with mental and emotional problems",
"experiences such as grieving and falling in love, which demand a lot o... | 0A |
Ethnic identity refers to: | sociology | [
"the objective categories of ethnicity used in the census",
"a felt sense of group membership on the basis of religion, language, or history",
"the imposition of a racial label on a minority by a powerful majority",
"the fragmented and pluralistic nature of ethnicity"
] | 1B |
Marriage appears to be in decline because: | sociology | [
"the proportion of people living alone has fallen to 29%",
"many people are cohabiting in long term relationships",
"the upward curve of remarriages compensates for the drop in first marriages",
"all of the above"
] | 1B |
The market model of state welfare is based on the principle of: | sociology | [
"individuals buying welfare privately, with some means-tested benefits",
"regular benefit payments to men as earners of the 'family wage'",
"a universalist system of welfare for all, regardless of income",
"decommodifying social welfare through state provision"
] | 0A |
The term feminization of poverty refers to: | sociology | [
"the critical deconstruction of 'poverty' by feminist theorists",
"women's increased chances of being in poverty, due to low pay and greater welfare dependency",
"the way in which managing a budget and avoiding poverty tends to be a woman's responsibility within the home",
"the disproportionate number of fema... | 1B |
Which of the following is not identified as a new form of community? | sociology | [
"ethnic communities, based on shared identity and experiences of discrimination",
"gay villages, which are formed in certain parts of large cities",
"sociological communities, formed by unpopular lecturers",
"virtual communities that exist only in cyberspace"
] | 2C |
Cultural restructuring has involved: | sociology | [
"regenerating cities in economic decline",
"turning industrial landscapes into tourist attractions",
"selling sites and images through the 'symbolic economy' of media advertising",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Which of the following is the most important agent of socialization in early childhood? | sociology | [
"A preschool provider",
"A peer group",
"The mass media",
"The family"
] | 3D |
Which of the following is not a 'research purpose'? | sociology | [
"triangulation",
"explanation",
"description",
"exploration"
] | 0A |
'Scientific' theories in the nineteenth century tried to explain race in naturalistic terms. Which of the following ideas was not considered? | sociology | [
"genetics",
"evolution",
"height",
"brain size"
] | 2C |
Which of the following is not a regular national survey carried out by the British government? | sociology | [
"Labour Force Survey",
"General Household Survey",
"Fashion Sensibility Survey",
"Family Expenditure Survey"
] | 2C |
Which of the following industries did Blauner (1964) suggest was most alienating to its employees? | sociology | [
"machine-based factory work",
"textile work as craft production",
"car manufacturing in assembly plants",
"chemical processing with automated practices"
] | 2C |
The 'decentralized city' can be identified by: | sociology | [
"the shift of employment and services away from the inner city towards multiple centres in smaller towns and rural areas",
"the degendering of public space as women use local facilities more",
"gentrification: the movement of middle class people back into the inner city",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Lombroso claimed that: | sociology | [
"criminals were socialized into an 'underworld' of crime",
"no act is intrinsically deviant",
"biological failings drove some people into crime",
"women were less likely to be arrested than men"
] | 2C |
When Berger & Luckmann said that reality is socially constructed, they meant: | sociology | [
"scientists are guided in their work by social values and interests, so they define and measure phenomena that will support their theories",
"people negotiate shared definitions of their situation and live according to these, often forgetting that these social worlds are not fixed and external",
"sociologists d... | 1B |
Which of the following groups or organizations can be identified as having the characteristics of a bureaucracy? | sociology | [
"An extended or consanguine family, including all the relatives by blood, marriage, or adoption",
"The government of a large city",
"A book club in which books are chosen by members who take turns alphabetically to lead discussion",
"The volunteers who gather annually to clean the neighborhood"
] | 1B |
Pilcher (1999) identified soap operas as a 'feminine genre' of media because: | sociology | [
"most of the characters in soap operas are women",
"they represent images of women as both domesticated and independent",
"they alienate women and appeal to an audience of men",
"female television producers are most likely to work in this area"
] | 1B |
The four ideal types of social action that Weber identified were as follows: instrumentally-rational, value-rational, traditional, and... | sociology | [
"affectual",
"affective",
"effective",
"infected"
] | 0A |
Which of these was not one of Townsend's (1979) indicators of relative deprivation? | sociology | [
"lacking exclusive use of a bath or shower",
"living in housing with serious structural defects",
"buying fewer than twenty DVDs in the previous year",
"going without a week's holiday in the previous year"
] | 2C |
The concept of political culture refers to the | sociology | [
"way that cultural products, such as novels or paintings, reflect the political ideologies of their creators",
"basic beliefs and orientation toward politics that are shared widely by the members of a culture",
"political beliefs and attitudes shared by people in public offices",
"ideological biases of the ma... | 1B |
Walt Disney, Sony and Time Warner are examples of: | sociology | [
"transnational corporations",
"multi-media empires",
"ownership concentrated within one medium",
"government-owned companies"
] | 0A |
Equilibrium theories of social change emphasize | sociology | [
"globalization",
"stability and the structure of society",
"secularism and mechanization",
"industrialization"
] | 1B |
Which of the following best describes the definition of poverty used by the United States government? | sociology | [
"It specifies the poverty line at a level set in the 1960s and adjusted since to reflect inflation.",
"It includes the value of government services, such as Medicaid or public housing, when setting the poverty line.",
"It is based on the concept of relative deprivation, and the poverty line changes as the distr... | 0A |
'Eyeballing' is a technique that involves: | sociology | [
"reading a textual document quickly to understand the gist of it",
"gathering a sample from whoever you can see in a public place",
"scanning a table to identify general patterns and significant figures",
"keeping your eyes on research participants at all times"
] | 2C |
In the nineteenth century, homosexuality was understood as: | sociology | [
"a positive identity in which gay people could take pride",
"an absolute taboo, which meant that all homosexuals were isolated",
"a subordinate form of masculinity that threatened 'compulsory heterosexuality'",
"confirmation of the two-sex model"
] | 2C |
The 'new racism' refers to: | sociology | [
"a subtler form of prejudice, masked by nationalist pride",
"a post-modern deconstruction of racist ideas to reveal their lack of depth",
"racist practices found in newly emerging areas of social life, such as cyberspace",
"an anti-fascist movement which challenges nationalist politics"
] | 0A |
Giselle graduated from college with high honors in management. She was recruited immediately following college by a large corporation and accepted a position in junior management. She quickly advanced to middle management. Ten years later Giselle was still in a middle-management position and had witnessed junior male c... | sociology | [
"Glass ceiling",
"Gender constancy",
"Underemployment",
"Glass elevator"
] | 0A |
The Mafia is an example of: | sociology | [
"white collar crime",
"organized crime",
"non-criminal deviance",
"global terrorism"
] | 1B |
Goldthorpe identified the 'service class' as: | sociology | [
"those in non-manual occupations, exercising authority on behalf of the state",
"people working in consultancy firms who were recruited by big businesses",
"the young men and women employed in domestic service in the nineteenth century",
"those who had worked in the armed services"
] | 0A |
Industrial production in the nineteenth century was characterized by: | sociology | [
"increasing numbers of women in high status positions",
"cottage industries and homeworkers doing piecework in the domestic sphere",
"the 'managerial revolution' by which ownership and control became separate",
"power-driven machinery and the concentration of workers in large workplaces"
] | 3D |
In Durkheim's work, the term 'collective representations' refers to: | sociology | [
"effervescent ceremonies that create a feeling of belonging",
"images of gods or totems that are widely recognized",
"shared ideas and moral values, often symbolized by an object or figurehead",
"ideological tools used to obscure class divisions"
] | 2C |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of totalitarian societies? | sociology | [
"indoctrination and propaganda",
"freedom of movement for citizens",
"one-party rule",
"a centrally planned economy"
] | 1B |
Freud's notion of the 'ego' referred to: | sociology | [
"the unconscious mass of instinctive drives that may be repressed",
"the self as a whole: an unstable mix of conscious and unconscious elements",
"the conscious part of the mind that regulates emotional drives on a practical, rational level",
"the neurotic part of the mind that longs for belonging and may suf... | 2C |
Which of the following is a personal document with closed access? | sociology | [
"government 'white paper'",
"confidential medical records",
"household account book",
"the shares register of a business"
] | 2C |
The tripartite system used the 11+ exam to select pupils for: | sociology | [
"popular schools that lay outside their catchment area",
"private, public and comprehensive schools",
"grammar, technical, and secondary modern schools",
"polytechnics, colleges and universities"
] | 2C |
The media-themes model of media influence claims that: | sociology | [
"audiences selectively interpret what they want to hear",
"content analysis is the best way to identify the themes covered by the media",
"audiences passively absorb whatever messages they are given",
"social interaction reinforces the ideas and images that audiences select"
] | 3D |
Bowlby's maternal deprivation thesis claimed that: | sociology | [
"mothers who are living in poverty cannot afford to give their children the resources that other children enjoy",
"children deprived of an early, secure attachment to their mother are prone to suffer physically, intellectually and socially in later life",
"'mothering' is a socially constructed activity identifi... | 1B |
War became possible between nation states in the nineteenth century because: | sociology | [
"the world was divided into several rival overseas empires",
"industrialization provided better transport, technology and administration",
"there was intense economic, political and military competition",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Sutherland's study of the 'professional thief' suggested that: | sociology | [
"people are socialized into a life of crime by associating with others who define it in positive terms",
"the majority of crime is committed by middle class people in professional occupations",
"those who were arrested and charged with theft did not define themselves as thieves",
"the most dangerous criminals... | 0A |
The 'Great Migration' of 1916-1919 meant that Chicago became an ethnically diverse city. The consequence of this was: | sociology | [
"assimilation: all racial boundaries were dissolved by the 'ethnic melting pot'",
"multiculturalism: all ethnic identities were celebrated equally",
"most ethnic groups were integrated into mainstream society, but the black population remained in the city's ghettos",
"racism: the white host population were ho... | 2C |
According to Scott (1990), a document is 'authentic' if it: | sociology | [
"is a sincere and accurate account, free from political bias",
"is representative of all the similar documents that did not survive",
"has both a literal and an interpretable meaning",
"is a 'sound' original, or reliable copy, of known authorship"
] | 3D |
Which of the following did Thatcher's government not strive to achieve: | sociology | [
"marketization and privatization",
"individual freedom, choice and responsibility",
"generous financial benefits for single parents, students and the unemployed",
"the rolling back of the welfare state"
] | 2C |
One of the ethical problems with covert participant observation is: | sociology | [
"not being able to write comprehensive fieldnotes or record conversations",
"deceiving the respondents as to the reason for your presence",
"observing people outside of their natural setting",
"subjecting the participants to physical harm"
] | 1B |
Women have been excluded from the public sphere because: | sociology | [
"industrial capitalism separated the middle class home from the workplace",
"those who enter paid employment have been 'sidelined' into particular fields",
"it is difficult to succeed in 'malestream' politics without compromising their femininity",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Economic aid has largely failed to promote modernization in the developing countries because: | sociology | [
"there are no clearly defined projects into which the money can be directed",
"the United Nations has refused to call on rich countries to provide it",
"debt repayments with interest can be greater than the amount of money received",
"debt repayments with interest can be greater than the amount of money recei... | 2C |
How is terrorism different from the types of crime described by the Chicago School? | sociology | [
"it is committed on a larger, often global, scale, and is well organized",
"it is associated with political conflict between states and their citizens",
"it can have far-reaching effects upon international relations",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
The human relations approach emphasized the importance of: | sociology | [
"scrutinizing employees as they interacted with customers",
"teamwork, communication and employee satisfaction",
"strict control and discipline to ensure high productivity",
"providing therapy and counselling in the workplace"
] | 1B |
Becker proclaimed that cannabis use was: | sociology | [
"increasing throughout all sections of youth in the 1970s",
"learned gradually through the social processes of a deviant career",
"a dangerous pastime that young people should not be allowed to pursue",
"not as enjoyable as other sociologists had suggested"
] | 1B |
Which of the following policies did the New Labour government not pursue? | sociology | [
"setting and streaming pupils by ability",
"parental choice of school",
"supporting LEAs that appeared to be failing",
"state regulation and control of the curriculum"
] | 2C |
Stone's research suggests that prior to industrialization, the nuclear family: | sociology | [
"did not exist in any form",
"had begun to disappear, as extended networks of kin became more important",
"had begun to emerge through the separation of work and home life",
"was simply another institution of patriarchal control"
] | 2C |
Statistics about rural, suburban, and urban patterns of development and mobility are almost always reported based on a geographical area labeled as Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA). What constitutes an MSA? | sociology | [
"It includes only the 10 largest cities in the United States.",
"It is composed of at least one central city with a population of at least 50,000 and it surrounds densely urbanized counties.",
"It is an area that experiences strong storms at least 50 percent of the year.",
"It is a large city with a populatio... | 1B |
Mosca and Pareto identified the ruling elite as: | sociology | [
"a minority group who fill all the top positions of political authority",
"a coalition of social forces with specific skills and abilities",
"a group who circulate between high status positions and exclude others",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Bourdieu attributed the reproduction of class to: | sociology | [
"cults of the capital",
"capital culture",
"cultural capital",
"culpable capture"
] | 2C |
The 'third age' of the life course is said to involve: | sociology | [
"active non-work and independence after retirement",
"full time employment, family-building and adult responsibility",
"illness, isolation and increasing dependence on others",
"the transition from education to work, and distinctive youth cultures"
] | 0A |
Weber (1919) said that the state's monopoly of the use of force was legitimated by: | sociology | [
"charismatic authority",
"rational-legal authority",
"traditional authority",
"value-rational authority"
] | 1B |
The middle classes that developed over the nineteenth century were: | sociology | [
"an urban set, involved in civic bodies and voluntary associations",
"too diverse to have a strong sense of class consciousness",
"often involved in 'white collar' work",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
The shift from custodial to joint parenthood after divorce means that: | sociology | [
"fathers are more likely to be absent from their children's lives",
"one parent has total responsibility for the child's welfare and socialization",
"both parents are expected to co-operate in the continued care of their children",
"parents must provide for all of their children in equal measure"
] | 2C |
In their study of depression, Brown & Harris (1978) found that: | sociology | [
"women's susceptibility to stress depended on their levels of social support",
"self-reported depression is highest amongst men and the relatively affluent",
"men and women have fairly similar levels of diagnosed depression",
"men are more vulnerable to depression because of conventional gender roles"
] | 0A |
The alternative form of 'network organization' means that: | sociology | [
"work can be subcontracted out to independent suppliers and retailers",
"business transactions occur only through electronic communication",
"the Japanese model is applied, through lateral networks of flexible roles",
"activities are redistributed equally between men and women"
] | 0A |
The term 'secondary deviation' refers to: | sociology | [
"the punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts",
"the labelling of an act as deviant through social reactions to it",
"the ways in which taking on a deviant role affects future action",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
The effect of the Internet upon the public sphere has been to: | sociology | [
"repress it, by promoting only the interests of elite groups",
"revive it, by reaffirming a commitment to freedom of speech",
"reproduce it, by emphasizing face-to-face contact with peer groups",
"replace it with a superior form of communication"
] | 1B |
Weber said that the 'spirit of capitalism' could be traced back to: | sociology | [
"the movement towards religious pluralism",
"inspirational Protestant groups who revived religious ideas",
"new religious movements who rejected traditional forms of labour",
"Calvinists who engaged in ascetic practices to gain signs of salvation"
] | 3D |
Technological forms of surveillance have made it easier to: | sociology | [
"access and exchange 'private' information about consumers",
"reduce prison overcrowding by the use of electronic tagging",
"monitor employees' activities at work",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
The Macpherson Report highlighted the increasing problem of: | sociology | [
"hate crimes: violence against ethnic minorities simply because of their race",
"institutional racism: systematic forms of disadvantage built into the routines and practices of social institutions",
"overt racism in the police force that must be tackled by institutional reforms",
"growing numbers of asylum se... | 1B |
Environmentalist social movements are global in the sense that: | sociology | [
"they increase our awareness of risks that affect the whole planet",
"they appeal to universal values and human rights",
"they use global media to generate publicity",
"all of the above"
] | 3D |
Chodorow (1978) argued that gender socialization occurred through: | sociology | [
"both boys and girls being closely attached to their mothers, but then boys breaking away",
"girls being attached to their mothers but then breaking away",
"boys being attached to their fathers and girls to their mothers",
"both boys and girls being closely attached to their fathers, but girls breaking away"
... | 0A |
In the 1960s, comprehensive schools did not eradicate class inequalities in education because: | sociology | [
"they tended to recruit pupils from the inner cities and traditionally working class areas",
"selective schools could still 'cream off' the most able pupils, while the comprehensives put children into ability streams",
"teachers in comprehensive schools used the restricted code in the classroom, whereas working... | 1B |
The Nation of Islam group appealed to: | sociology | [
"British-born second generation immigrants from the Asian subcontinent",
"White Americans who wanted to convert to Islam",
"African-Americans who felt excluded from the 'ethnic melting pot' in the USA",
"African-Caribbeans who lived in the inner cities and had a distinctive youth culture"
] | 2C |
The concept of gemeinschaft developed by Ferdinand Tönnies describes basically the same relational characteristics as | sociology | [
"organic solidarity",
"mechanical solidarity",
"gesellschaft",
"anomie"
] | 1B |
Comte's term 'positivism' refers to: | sociology | [
"a theory that emphasizes the positive aspects of society",
"the precise, scientific study of observable phenomena",
"a theory that posits difficult questions and sets out to answer them",
"an unscientific set of laws about social progress"
] | 1B |
A major car accident occurs. One man stops his car and starts helping people. After seeing him stop, others also stop and start helping. Which of the following theories best explains the scenario? | sociology | [
"Convergence",
"Emergent-norm",
"Contagion",
"Value-added"
] | 1B |
A new highway extends from a major city though an area used for farmland. Which of the following is most likely to happen as a result? | sociology | [
"Farmers will increase the acreage under production.",
"The city will evolve into a multiple nuclei model.",
"Suburbanization will develop because the time it takes to commute to the city has been decreased.",
"People from the countryside will move to the city, depopulating the farmland region."
] | 2C |
According to W. E. B. Dubois, progress for African Americans in the aftermath of slavery | sociology | [
"depended on the small group of African Americans receiving the same thorough and extensive education as the most talented White Americans were able to access",
"involved their use of skills they already had from farming, domestic work, and labors of rural life rather than being forced to learn new skills in the ... | 0A |
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