question stringlengths 55 534 | subject stringclasses 1
value | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer class label 4
classes |
|---|---|---|---|
Which of these quantities decreases as the inverse square of distance for distances far from the objects producing the fields? | high_school_physics | [
"the electric field produced by a finite-length charged rod",
"the electric field produced by an infinitely long charged cylinder",
"the electric field produced by an infinite plane of charge",
"the magnetic field produced by an infinitely long, straight current-carrying wire"
] | 0A |
Two identical containers are filled with different gases. Container 1 is filled with hydrogen and container 2 is filled with nitrogen. Each container is set on a lab table and allowed to come to thermal equilibrium with the room. Which of the following correctly compares the properties of the two gases? | high_school_physics | [
"The average kinetic energy of the hydrogen gas is greater than the nitrogen gas.",
"The average force exerted on the container by the hydrogen gas is greater than the nitrogen gas.",
"The density of the hydrogen gas is less than the nitrogen gas.",
"The pressures of the gases cannot be compared without knowi... | 3D |
Two objects, a sphere and a block of the same mass, are released from rest at the top of an inclined plane. The sphere rolls down the inclined plane without slipping. The block slides down the plane without friction. Which object reaches the bottom of the ramp first? | high_school_physics | [
"The sphere, because it gains rotational kinetic energy, but the block does not",
"The sphere, because it gains mechanical energy due to the torque exerted on it, but the block does not",
"The block, because it does not lose mechanical energy due to friction, but the sphere does",
"The block, because it does ... | 3D |
The Space Shuttle orbits 300 km above the Earth’s surface; the Earth’s radius is 6400 km. What is the acceleration due to Earth’s gravity experienced by the Space Shuttle? | high_school_physics | [
"4.9 m/s^2",
"8.9 m/s^2",
"9.8 m/s^2",
"10.8 m/s^2"
] | 1B |
A confined ideal gas undergoes a cyclical process in three steps—an isobaric step, followed by an isochoric step, followed by an isothermal step. Which of the following must be true? | high_school_physics | [
"The change in internal energy of the gas is equal to the work done during the isobaric step.",
"The change in internal energy of the gas is equal to the work done during the isobaric step minus the work done during the isothermal step.",
"The total work done during the cycle is positive.",
"The total work do... | 3D |
A sphere starts from rest atop a hill with a constant angle of inclination and is allowed to roll without slipping down the hill. What force provides the torque that causes the sphere to rotate? | high_school_physics | [
"Static friction",
"Kinetic friction",
"The normal force of the hill on the sphere",
"Gravity"
] | 0A |
A block is dragged along a table and experiences a frictional force, f, that opposes its movement. The force exerted on the block by the table is | high_school_physics | [
"zero",
"parallel to the table",
"perpendicular to the table",
"neither parallel nor perpendicular to the table"
] | 3D |
A children’s toy consists of a cart whose very light wheels are attached to a rubber band. This rubber band can wind and unwind around the axle supporting the wheels. This toy is given a shove, after which the toy rolls across a flat surface and up a ramp. It is observed that the toy does not go a consistent distance u... | high_school_physics | [
"Depending on how the rubber band is initially wound, more or less potential energy can be transferred from the rubber band to the kinetic energy of the car’s motion.",
"The normal force on the cart’s wheels will be different depending on how much the rubber band winds or unwinds.",
"How much energy is transfer... | 0A |
An object is released from rest and falls a distance h during the first second of time. How far will it fall during the next second of time? | high_school_physics | [
"h",
"2h",
"3h",
"4h"
] | 2C |
An object of volume 2 × 10^-3 m^3 and weight 6 N is placed into a tank of water, where it floats. What percentage of the object's volume is above the surface of the water? | high_school_physics | [
"12%",
"30%",
"60%",
"70%"
] | 3D |
A man stands in an elevator as it begins to ascend. Does the normal force from the floor do work on the man? | high_school_physics | [
"Yes, and the work done will be positive.",
"Yes, and the work done will be negative.",
"Yes, but the sign can’t be determined.",
"No."
] | 0A |
A car rounds a banked curve of uniform radius. Three forces act on the car: a friction force between the tires and the road, the normal force from the road, and the weight of the car. Which provides the centripetal force which keeps the car in circular motion? | high_school_physics | [
"the friction force alone",
"the normal force alone",
"the weight alone",
"a combination of the normal force and the friction force"
] | 3D |
A string of fixed tension and linear mass density is attached to a vibrating speaker. It is observed that a speaker frequency of 60 Hz does not produce standing waves in the string. Which explanation for this phenomenon is correct? | high_school_physics | [
"The string length is not a multiple of half the wavelength of the wave.",
"The wave speed on the string is fixed.",
"60 Hz is in the lowest range of audible sound.",
"The wavelength of the wave produced by the speaker is equal to the speed of waves on the string divided by 60 Hz."
] | 0A |
A spherical charge distribution varies with the radius r by the equation ρ = ar, where ρ is the volume charge density and a is a positive constant. The distribution goes out to a radius R. Which of the following is true of the electric field strength due to this charge distribution at a distance r from the center? | high_school_physics | [
"It increases as r approaches infinity.",
"It decreases linearly for r > R.",
"It increases linearly for r > R.",
"It increases non-linearly for r < R."
] | 3D |
Heat is added to a cylindrical aluminum rod of radius Q and length ℓ. The temperature difference between the two ends of the rod varies from 10°C to 20°C. What geometric factors will influence the rate heat is transferred along the rod? | high_school_physics | [
"Only the length",
"Only the area of the rod",
"Both the length and area",
"Neither the length nor area"
] | 2C |
A charged particle moves through a magnetic field and experiences a force f. New particles are sent into the same magnetic field. If the new particles have twice the charge, twice the mass, and twice the velocity, the new force would be | high_school_physics | [
"4F",
"2F",
"F",
"1/2 F"
] | 0A |
An electric dipole consists of a pair of equal but opposite point charges of magnitude 4.0 nC separated by a distance of 2.0 cm. What is the electric field strength at the point midway between the charges? | high_school_physics | [
"0",
"9.0 × 10^4 V/m",
"1.8 × 10^5 V/m",
"7.2 × 10^5 V/m"
] | 3D |
A rock drops onto a pond with a smooth surface. A few moments later, the wave produced by the rock’s impact arrives at the shore, touching the ankles of a wading child. Which of the following observations provides evidence that the portion of the wave hitting the child’s ankles carries less energy than the wave did whe... | high_school_physics | [
"The wave is moving more slowly.",
"The wave pulse’s width has become greater.",
"The wave pulse’s width has become smaller.",
"The wave’s height has become smaller."
] | 3D |
The Gravitron is a carnival ride that looks like a large cylinder. People stand inside the cylinder against the wall as it begins to spin. Eventually, it is rotating fast enough that the floor can be removed without anyone falling. Given then the coefficient of friction between a person’s clothing and the wall is μ, th... | high_school_physics | [
"μv^2/(rg)",
"r^2v^2/(μg)",
"rg/(μv^2)",
"None of the above."
] | 3D |
An artificial satellite orbits Earth just above the atmosphere in a circle with constant speed. A small meteor collides with the satellite at point P in its orbit, increasing its speed by 1%, but not changing the instantaneous direction of the satellite’s velocity. Which of the following describes the satellite’s new o... | high_school_physics | [
"The satellite now orbits in an ellipse, with P as the farthest approach to Earth.",
"The satellite now orbits in an ellipse, with P as the closest approach to Earth.",
"The satellite now orbits in a circle of larger radius.",
"The satellite now orbits in a circle of smaller radius."
] | 1B |
An object is placed 100 cm from a plane mirror. How far is the image from the object? | high_school_physics | [
"50 cm",
"100 cm",
"200 cm",
"300 cm"
] | 2C |
A horse is attached to a cart that is at rest behind it. Which force, or combination of forces, explains how the horse-cart system can accelerate from rest? | high_school_physics | [
"The forward static friction force of the ground on the horse is greater than any friction forces acting backward on the cart, providing a forward acceleration.",
"The forward force of the horse on the cart is greater than the backward force of the cart on the horse, providing a forward acceleration.",
"The for... | 0A |
In a certain region, the electric field varies with the radius away from origin by the equation Er = –6r^2 + 4r + 3, where r is given in meters and E in N/C. The potential difference between the origin and the point (3, 4) is | high_school_physics | [
"–165 V",
"–120 V",
"64 V",
"185 V"
] | 3D |
A solid, metal object is isolated from other charges and has charge distributed on its surface. The charge distribution is not uniform. It may be correctly concluded that the | high_school_physics | [
"electric field outside the object is zero",
"the electric field outside the object is equal to the electric field inside the object",
"the electric field outside the object is directly proportional to the distance away from the center of mass of the object",
"the electric field outside the object, but very c... | 3D |
An ideal battery of constant voltage V supplies current to a circuit that has total resistance R. If R is doubled, what will happen to the total power dissipated by the circuit? | high_school_physics | [
"It will double.",
"It will quadruple.",
"It will be halved.",
"It will remain the same."
] | 2C |
An electric dipole consists of a pair of equal but opposite point charges of magnitude 4.0 nC separated by a distance of 2.0 cm. What is the electric field strength at the point midway between the charges? | high_school_physics | [
"0",
"9.0 × 10^4 N/C",
"1.8 × 10^5 N/C",
"7.2 × 10^5 N/C"
] | 3D |
A person can stand outside on a cold day for hours without ill effect, but falling into a cold lake can kill a person in a matter of minutes. Which of the following is the primary reason for this phenomenon? | high_school_physics | [
"The molecules of the person are, on average, moving faster than those of the surroundings.",
"Thermal energy moves from high concentration areas (hot) to low concentration areas (cold).",
"As heat flows out of the person and warms the fluid surrounding the person, the warmer fluid rises, allowing fresh cool fl... | 3D |
A liquid flows at a constant flow rate through a pipe with circular cross-sections of varying diameters. At one point in the pipe, the diameter is 2 cm and the flow speed is 18 m/s. What is the flow speed at another point in this pipe, where the diameter is 3 cm? | high_school_physics | [
"4 m/s",
"6 m/s",
"8 m/s",
"12 m/s"
] | 2C |
An ideal fluid flows through a pipe with radius Q and flow speed V. If the pipe splits up into three separate paths, each with radius (Q/2), what is the flow speed through each of the paths? | high_school_physics | [
"1/3 V",
"2/3 V",
"4/3 V",
"4V"
] | 2C |
A very slow-moving positron interacts with a stationary electron. Which of the following statements correctly describes a possible outcome of this reaction and why it would occur? | high_school_physics | [
"Conservation of mass indicates that if a single new particle were created in the reaction, it must have a total mass equal to the combined masses of the electron and positron.",
"Conservation of charge indicates that all new particles created in the reaction would have no electric charge.",
"Conservation of mo... | 2C |
A box sits on an inclined plane without sliding. As the angle of the plane (measured from the horizontal) increases, the normal force | high_school_physics | [
"increases linearly",
"decreases linearly",
"does not change",
"decreases nonlinearly"
] | 3D |
Standing waves are produced by a 100-Hz generator in a string of fixed length. The tension in the string is increased until a new set of standing waves is produced. Will the wavelength of the new standing waves be greater than or less than the wavelength of the original standing waves? | high_school_physics | [
"Less, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies inversely with the wavelength.",
"Greater, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies inversely with the wavelength.",
"Greater, because the tension in the string varies directly w... | 2C |
A small cart of mass m is initially at rest. It collides elastically with a large cart of mass 4m and velocity v. The large cart loses half its kinetic energy to the little cart. The little cart now has a velocity of | high_school_physics | [
"1.41v",
"v",
"2v",
"4v"
] | 0A |
A circuit consists of a battery and a light bulb. At first, the circuit is disconnected. Then, the circuit is connected, and the light bulb lights. After the light bulb has been lit for a few moments, how has the net charge residing on the circuit elements changed? | high_school_physics | [
"The net charge has become more positive.",
"The net charge has become more negative.",
"The net charge has not changed.",
"Whether the net charge becomes more positive or more negative depends on the initial net charge residing on the circuit elements before the bulb was lit."
] | 2C |
A whiffle ball is tossed straight up, reaches a highest point, and falls back down. Air resistance is not negligible. Which of the following statements are true?
I. The ball’s speed is zero at the highest point.
II. The ball’s acceleration is zero at the highest point.
III. The ball takes a longer time to travel up to ... | high_school_physics | [
"I only",
"II only",
"I & II only",
"I & III only"
] | 2C |
A man stands on a platform scale in an elevator. The elevator moves upward, speeding up. What is the action-reaction force pair to the man’s weight? | high_school_physics | [
"The force of the elevator cable on the man",
"The force of the man on the scale",
"The force of the elevator cable on the elevator",
"The force of the man on the Earth"
] | 3D |
Two identical capacitors are hooked in parallel to an external circuit. Which of the following quantities must be the same for both capacitors? I. the charge stored on the capacitor II. the voltage across the capacitor III. the capacitance of the capacitor | high_school_physics | [
"I only",
"II only",
"II and III only",
"(E) I, II, and III"
] | 3D |
A guitar string creates a sound wave of known frequency. Which of the following describes a correct and practical method of measuring the wavelength of the sound wave with a meterstick? | high_school_physics | [
"Lightly touch the guitar string in the middle such that a single node is created. Measure the length of the string; this is the wavelength.",
"Measure the length of the guitar string; this is half the wavelength.",
"Adjust the length of a pipe placed near the string so that resonances are heard. Measure the di... | 2C |
Which of the following statements about images is true? | high_school_physics | [
"Images produced by concave lenses are always real.",
"Images produced by concave mirros are always real.",
"Images produced by convex lenses can be both real and virtual.",
"Images produced by convex mirrors can be both real and virtual."
] | 2C |
Pretend someone actually managed to dig a hole straight through the center of the Earth all the way to the other side. If an object were dropped down that hole, which of the following would best describe its motion? Assume ideal conditions and that the object cannot be destroyed. | high_school_physics | [
"It would fall to the center of the Earth and stop there.",
"It would fall through the hole to the other side, continue past the opposite side’s opening, and fly into space.",
"It would oscillate back and forth from one opening to the other indefinitely.",
"It would fall to the other side and stop there."
] | 2C |
A horizontal spring-block oscillator is in motion when a second block of equal mass falls on top of the oscillating block. If the two blocks stick together, what effect will this have on the amplitude of the oscillations? | high_school_physics | [
"It will increase the amplitude.",
"It will decrease the amplitude.",
"It will have no effect.",
"It would depend on where the original block was in its cycle when the second block fell."
] | 3D |
A person standing on a horizontal floor is acted upon by two forces: the downward pull of gravity and the upward normal force of the floor. These two forces | high_school_physics | [
"have equal magnitudes and form an action-reaction pair",
"have equal magnitudes and do not form an action-reaction pair",
"have unequal magnitudes and form an action-reaction pair",
"have unequal magnitudes and do not form an action-reaction pair"
] | 1B |
An object of mass m1 experiences a linear, elastic collision with a stationary object of unknown mass. In addition to m1, what is the minimum necessary information that would allow you to determine the mass of the second object? | high_school_physics | [
"The final speed of object 1",
"The initial speed of object 1",
"The final speed of object 2",
"Any 2 of the above values"
] | 3D |
In an experiment designed to study the photoelectric effect, it is observed that low-intensity visible light of wavelength 550 nm produced no photoelectrons. Which of the following best describes what would occur if the intensity of this light were increased dramatically? | high_school_physics | [
"Almost immediately, photoelectrons would be produced with a kinetic energy equal to the energy of the incident photons.",
"Almost immediately, photoelectrons would be produced with a kinetic energy equal to the energy of the incident photons minus the work function of the metal.",
"After several seconds, neces... | 3D |
A 1-kg object is released from rest at the top of a rough-surfaced incline. The object slides without rotating to the bottom of the incline. The object’s kinetic energy at the bottom must be | high_school_physics | [
"Equal to the block’s gravitational potential energy when it was released, because total mechanical energy must be conserved.",
"Equal to the block’s gravitational potential energy when it was released, because the gain in kinetic energy compensates for the mechanical energy lost to thermal energy on the rough in... | 2C |
Two traveling waves of equal frequency, one of amplitude 4 cm and the other of amplitude 6 cm, superimpose in a single medium. Which of the following best describes the displacement, D, of the resultant wave? | high_school_physics | [
"2 cm ≤ D ≤ 10 cm",
"D = 5 cm",
"D = 10 cm",
"10 cm ≤ D ≤ 12 cm"
] | 0A |
An object of mass 2 kg is acted upon by three external forces, each of magnitude 4 N. Which of the following could NOT be the resulting acceleration of the object? | high_school_physics | [
"0 m/s^2",
"2 m/s^2",
"4 m/s^2",
"8 m/s^2"
] | 3D |
Spring scales are used to measure the net force applied to an object; a sonic motion detector is used to measure the object’s resulting acceleration. A graph is constructed with the net force on the vertical axis and the acceleration on the horizontal axis. Which of the following quantities is directly measured using t... | high_school_physics | [
"Gravitational mass",
"Weight",
"Velocity",
"Inertial mass"
] | 3D |
A body moving in the positive x direction passes the origin at time t = 0. Between t = 0 and t = 1 second, the body has a constant speed of 24 meters per second. At t = 1 second, the body is given a constant acceleration of 6 meters per second squared in the negative x direction. The position x of the body at t = 11 se... | high_school_physics | [
"99m",
"36m",
"-36m",
"-99m"
] | 2C |
A fluid of density ρ flows through a horizontal pipe with negligible viscosity. The flow is streamlined with constant flow rate. The diameter of the pipe at Point 1 is d and the flow speed is V. If the diameter of the pipe at Point 2 is d/3, then the pressure at Point 2 is | high_school_physics | [
"less than the pressure at Point 1 by 4 ρv^2",
"less than the pressure at Point 1 by 40 ρv^2",
"more than the pressure at Point 1 by 4 ρv^2",
"more than the pressure at Point 1 by 40 ρv^2"
] | 1B |
A student is experimenting with a simple spring-block oscillator of spring constant k and amplitude A. The block attached to the spring has a mass of m. If the student places a small block of mass m on top of the original block, which of the following is true? | high_school_physics | [
"The small block is most likely to slide off when the original block is at maximum displacement from the equilibrium position, but will not slide off as long as the coefficient of static friction between the blocks is greater than kA/[(M+m)g].",
"The small block is most likely to slide off when the original block... | 0A |
The circumference of a helium-filled balloon is measured for three different conditions: at room temperature, after being in a warm oven for 30 minutes, and after being in a freezer for 30 minutes. A student plotting the circumference cubed C^3 as a function of temperature T, should expect to find which of the followin... | high_school_physics | [
"a cubic relationship between C^3 and T",
"an indirect relationship between C^3 and T",
"an extrapolated temperature T where C^3 reaches zero",
"a maximum C^3 as the temperature T increases"
] | 2C |
Which of the following concerning uniform circular motion is true? | high_school_physics | [
"The centrifugal force is the action-reaction pair of the centripetal force.",
"The centripetal acceleration and velocity point in the same direction.",
"The velocity of the object in motion changes whereas the acceleration of the object is constant.",
"A satellite undergoing uniform circular motion is fallin... | 3D |
It is known that a lab cart is moving east at 25 cm/s at time t1 = 0.10 s, and then moving east at 15 cm/s at t2 = 0.20 s. Is this enough information to determine the direction of the net force acting on the cart between t1 and t2? | high_school_physics | [
"Yes, since we know the cart is slowing down, its momentum change is opposite the direction of movement, and the net force is in the direction of momentum change.",
"No, because we don’t know whether forces such as friction or air resistance might be acting on the cart.",
"No, because we don’t know the mass of ... | 0A |
How much work is required to charge a 10 µF capacitor to a potential difference of 100 V ? | high_school_physics | [
"0.005 J",
"0.01 J",
"0.05 J",
"0.1 J"
] | 2C |
A proton enters a solenoid. Upon entry, the proton is moving in a straight line along the axis of the solenoid. Which of the following is a correct description of the proton’s motion within the solenoid? | high_school_physics | [
"The proton will be bent in a parabolic path.",
"The proton will be bent in a circular path.",
"The proton will continue in its straight path at constant velocity.",
"The proton will continue in its straight path and slow down."
] | 2C |
Under what conditions is the net electric flux through a closed surface proportional to the enclosed charge? | high_school_physics | [
"under any conditions",
"only when the enclosed charge is symmetrically distributed",
"only when all nearby charges are symmetrically distributed",
"only when there are no charges outside the surface"
] | 0A |
A sphere, a cube, and a cylinder, all of equal mass, are released from rest from the top of a short incline. The surface of the incline is extremely slick, so much so that the objects do not rotate when released, but rather slide with negligible friction. Which reaches the base of the incline first? | high_school_physics | [
"the sphere",
"the cube",
"the cylinder",
"All reach the base at the same time."
] | 3D |
A car starts from rest and uniformly accelerates to a final speed of 20.0 m/s in a time of 15.0 s. How far does the car travel during this time? | high_school_physics | [
"150 m ",
"300 m",
"450 m",
"600 m"
] | 0A |
At what angle to the horizontal should an ideal projectile be launched so that its horizontal displacement (the range) is equal to its maximum vertical displacement? | high_school_physics | [
"sin–1 (1/g)",
"cos–1 (1/g)",
"45°",
"tan–1 4"
] | 3D |
A cannon is mounted on a truck that moves forward at a speed of 5 m/s. The operator wants to launch a ball from a cannon so the ball goes as far as possible before hitting the level surface. The muzzle velocity of the cannon is 50 m/s. At what angle from the horizontal should the operator point the cannon? | high_school_physics | [
"5°",
"41°",
"45°",
"49°"
] | 3D |
Two charged, massive particles are isolated from all influence except those between the particles. They have charge and mass such that the net force between them is 0 N. Which of the following is NOT true? | high_school_physics | [
"The particles must have the same sign of charge.",
"If the distance between the particles changes, the force will no longer be 0 N.",
"The particles must have the same mass.",
"Such a situation is impossible as the net force between the two particles cannot be 0."
] | 0A |
Which one of the following statements is true concerning the motion of an ideal projectile launched at an angle of 45° to the horizontal? | high_school_physics | [
"The acceleration vector points opposite to the velocity vector on the way up and in the same direction as the velocity vector on the way down.",
"The speed at the top of the trajectory is zero.",
"The object's total speed remains constant during the entire flight.",
"The vertical speed decreases on the way u... | 3D |
A rock is dropped off a cliff and strikes the ground with an impact velocity of 30 m/s. How high was the cliff? | high_school_physics | [
"20 m",
"30 m",
"45 m",
"60 m"
] | 2C |
A car moving with speed v reaches the foot of an incline of angle θ. The car coasts up the incline without using the engine. Neglecting friction and air resistance, which of the following is correct about the magnitude of the car’s horizontal acceleration ax and vertical acceleration ay? | high_school_physics | [
"ax = 0; ay < g",
"ax = 0; ay = g",
"ax < g; ay < g",
"ax < g; ay = g"
] | 2C |
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength? | high_school_physics | [
"Gamma rays",
"Ultraviolet",
"Blue light",
"Orange light"
] | 3D |
A convex lens of focal length f = 0.2 m is used to examine a small coin lying on a table. During the examination, the lens is held a distance 0.3 m above the coin and is moved slowly to a distance of 0.1 m above the coin. During this process, what happens to the image of the coin? | high_school_physics | [
"The image continually increases in size.",
"The image continually decreases in size.",
"The image gets smaller at first and then bigger in size.",
"The image flips over."
] | 3D |
The Space Shuttle orbits 300 km above Earth’s surface; Earth’s radius is 6,400 km. What is the gravitational acceleration experienced by the Space Shuttle? | high_school_physics | [
"Zero",
"4.9 m/s^2",
"9.8 m/s^2",
"8.9 m/s^2"
] | 3D |
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