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pipelinetesting

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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code:   DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception:    DatasetGenerationCastError
Message:      An error occurred while generating the dataset

All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'question', 'source_url', 'title', 'answer', 'topic'}) and 4 missing columns ({'start', 'text', 'meta', 'duration'}).

This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using

hf://datasets/k3nn3dy/pipelinetesting/research_Cyber_Threat_Intel_for_APT29_1914_qa.jsonl (at revision 393096d935e4df8fac2c53618abbe32da56e8500)

Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1831, in _prepare_split_single
                  writer.write_table(table)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 714, in write_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2272, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2218, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              question: string
              answer: string
              source_url: string
              title: string
              topic: string
              to
              {'text': Value('string'), 'start': Value('float64'), 'duration': Value('float64'), 'meta': {'video_id': Value('string'), 'title': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string')}}
              because column names don't match
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1455, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
                  parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1054, in convert_to_parquet
                  builder.download_and_prepare(
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 894, in download_and_prepare
                  self._download_and_prepare(
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 970, in _download_and_prepare
                  self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1702, in _prepare_split
                  for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1833, in _prepare_split_single
                  raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
              datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
              
              All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 5 new columns ({'question', 'source_url', 'title', 'answer', 'topic'}) and 4 missing columns ({'start', 'text', 'meta', 'duration'}).
              
              This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
              
              hf://datasets/k3nn3dy/pipelinetesting/research_Cyber_Threat_Intel_for_APT29_1914_qa.jsonl (at revision 393096d935e4df8fac2c53618abbe32da56e8500)
              
              Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)

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- All right, welcome to another video from Anthropic. My name's Stuart, from the Communications team.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
A lot of the time when you hear AI companies talking about threats from AI, they mean threats that are gonna happen in the future, a future where AIs are vastly more capable than they are currently, and where we might lose control of their behavior.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But there are a lot of threats that are happening right now. One of them is that cyber criminals are using AI to make their crimes much more effective. They're using AI to do scams, fraud, and extortion in particularly sophisticated ways. We have a whole team of researchers at Anthropic whose job it is to spot these ki...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
That's our Threat Intelligence team. And they have a new report out which details some of the, I must say, pretty bizarre cases of cybercrime that we're seeing with Claude, our AI. I'm very glad to be joined by two members of the Threat Intelligence team right now.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Jacob and Alex, perhaps introduce yourselves. - Sure. My name is Jacob Klein. I lead the Threat Intelligence team, and broadly, the Threat Intelligence team is responsible for finding and deeply understanding sophisticated cases of misuse.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And these cases are very rare - this is not the typical usage that we see on our platform. And when we find them, we work with the rest of the organization to build defenses so that that type of abuse is much harder to recreate in the future.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
It's an ongoing process, we're always learning more but frankly, it's actually a lot of fun in a weird kind of way because we get to see the cutting edge of what bad actors are doing and what we can broadly do to make AI more safe.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And my name's Alex. I'm an investigator on the Threat Intelligence team, and my work involves threat hunting, building new detections, and doing deep dive investigations into the types of abuse that we find. - All right, let's talk about "vibe hacking".
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Now, everyone's heard of vibe coding. In fact, to be honest, I'm sick of hearing about vibe coding. It's the current thing, everyone's talking about vibe coding. That's when you just use normal language and you give that language to an AI and you say what you want, what software you want, what code you want, and then t...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, some people refer to it as the evil twin- - Right, right, right. - Of vibe coding. Yeah, much like vibe coding, everything is natural language prompting. The person doing it doesn't actually have to know the technical skills to write code, execute code and all of that. In this case, rather, the vibe coding is b...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
It could be social engineering. Any number of, typically- - Social engineering is when you, like, you're basically tricking someone into thinking that you're someone else. - Yeah. - Yeah. Talk us through what this looks like in practice then.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So, what does a vibe packing process looks like? Can you give us some real examples of stuff that you found? - Yeah. Yeah.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So, there was one case that we talked about in our report where an actor pretty much conducted their entire operation using vibe hacking. Within about a month's timeframe, they hit about 17 organizations.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
In this operation, they were doing something called data extortion. So, this is like a cousin to ransomware instead of hacking into systems and locking up files so people can use those files and then demanding a ransom. In this case, the actor is stealing sensitive data and threatening to expose it if a ransom is not p...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So in this case, they used vibe hacking to both infiltrate the organizations, move laterally through their networks, drop back doors so they could have persistent access and steal certain types of information that they could use for their extortion. - And this is the kind of thing that would ordinarily take extremely h...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Are they targeting like random people on the internet? Like a spam email would go out to everyone, or, you know, these are much more targeted than that, right?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah. So, the targets are specific but they're also indiscriminate. So, they're not trying to target like a certain sector specifically. They're targeting organizations that have a certain type of VPN that they potentially have credentials for or believe they could brute force, which is just like send a bunch of pote...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, so this is like a great example of how without some sort of automated defense, which a church probably wouldn't have, they were able to access the victim's network through some sort of attack on their VPN.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Once they got in, they would essentially look for different ways through the network to identify machines that might have sensitive data, like an administrator or owners of the church, their financial staff, and then start collecting financial information.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Anything that could be potentially sensitive. And when I say they were doing this, it was actually Claude as if Claude was on keyboard doing the operations. It wasn't really the actor. The actor would gently nudge Claude in certain ways.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
The actor would provide at the beginning of the operation kind of a guide to Claude of like how they would suggest for Claude to conduct the operation. But then also put in a lot of caveats on like, hey, like use whatever knowledge you have available, try everything until you have success in completing the mission.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So with this church, Claude was able to identify donor information and members of the church.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And once Claude would finish collecting information from victim networks, the actor then asked Claude to analyze that data and develop an extortion scheme like Jacob mentioned.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And in this case, with the church, Claude identified that, hey, we have donor information.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
We could expose who the donors are and how much they're paying. And that might be enough to convince this church that exposure of that information would be harmful enough to their parishioners that they should probably pay the ransom.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Another thing to emphasize is this isn't just Claude, Claude doesn't have some specific- - That's right. - Weakness that is being used for all these things. This is all LLMs presumably. Well, you'll have seen this happen for many of our competitors models as well. - And Claude's not fine-tuned, like you said, for thi...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But there's only so much we can do 'cause like you said, it's not only a problem for us. - Some of the stuff in the report is amazing about the really hyper targeted nature of this that they are using Claude in this case to, and Claude Code specifically, right? - That's right. - To make even payment plans to say to peo...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, it's coming up with, once you get the data that's been exfilled from this attack, it's coming up with what they think the estimated value of that data is on the dark web.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Then it says, here's how much we think we should send the ransom note for. And then it actually helps write the ransom note to be as persuasive as possible.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So really every step end to end, AI is able to help with an attack like this. - And like analyzing people's financial details to work out how much they can realistically be extorted for as well. - That's right. - Which is just- - And like you said, it is using Claude Code.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And so, it would actually iterate through victims. So, it would complete an operation on one victim with some gentle steering from the human actor.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But once it was done executing the mission, it would roll on to the next target. - Importantly here, we should say that this is not something that Claude Code would just do. Like if you or I just prompted Claude Code right now to do.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
There's been some jailbreaking or something going on here, right? - That's right. - Yeah, so in this case, the actor found the right prompt and put it in the right place in order to essentially jailbreak our defenses.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Jailbreak the models fine tuning and jailbreak the downstream defenses of that.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And just to be clear for the people who don't know what jailbreaking is, this is when you say things in a particular way, so like some of the jailbreaks are like weird to look at. They're like uppercase, then lowercase for every word and things like that. But some of them involve sending tons and tons and tons of pro...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, actually, in this case, they were doing role play. So they were pretending to be a, your average security person doing network penetration testing to make sure that defenses are adequate in the systems convincing Claude that they had authorization to do what they're doing. - Because otherwise, Claude would, the...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
of what we've deliberately taught it to do. - Exactly right. So that's first layer, but we know that's not perfect. So we have another layer, which is we have classifiers running, which are trying to detect this activity and stop it. And that's not the last layer.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
We also have offline rules running that are saying, do we think leveraging maybe the string that is put into a prompt, do we think that something as malicious is happening? And then we have another layer, which is the account itself when it's signing up, does it look like it has suspicious signatures associated with it...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And then we have another layer, which is we info share with governments, with other tech partners to say, oh, we know that this actor, this organization is malicious. So, it's not just a, we assume that the RL layer, the classifier layer is gonna be perfect. We intentionally think about this as a holistic defense.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And you guys are getting data from all these actual cyber operations that are happening and then training these classifiers so that they're even more effective and that they also don't stop you from doing good cyber-related things 'cause that was my next question. Why is it that we can't just say to Claude Code, just...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Just never talk about that stuff. And then, well, it wouldn't be able to do this stuff, right? - Yeah, that's a really tricky decision to make.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So, when you're working in like a dual use domain is what it's called, where the prompting you would see for defensive cyber might look a lot like what you would see for offensive cyber because you do a little cyber offense to figure out how to defend your systems. You have to be really careful in how you implement saf...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
I think it's like around like half a million right now. So if we can imagine a future where we have AI agents that are smart at cyber, that we could kind of help alleviate that deficit that exists.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- It reminds me of when biologists say, I was asking this AI model about viruses and it shut me down. And like, this is the dual use thing. Like clearly you can talk about virology to an AI model and that's for good reasons, but also for nefarious ones too, - And especially with cyber, you can imagine every startup in ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And like even individuals, I've seen a lot of cases where like, it looks like it's like a web developer and they found this file on their web server and they're like, what is this? My server's acting weird. And Claude will respond with, hey, that's malware from like this variant, it's doing these things. And the pers...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And Claude will like walk them through the steps to clean up. So I think the important thing to keep in mind here with this case in particular is the scale and the speed of the operation as it's enabled by Claude.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
In this case, Claude Code is able to break into a system, identify all the weak points, test them all out to figure out where to go, find the data it needed, and exfiltrate that data before even a human I think would have time to review an alert and understand what's happening. It's too late. You need intelligent autom...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But in this case, there could be all sorts of things happening all at once that humans will never keep up with. - I think this is a paradigm that probably we need to rethink a bit, which is this, you have an alert that runs offline, a human response 24/7, human looks at the alert and then does something because the spe...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
You need essentially AI to protect against AI. - So as well as the classifiers and as well as you publishing this report, which is telling us all about the specific things that we've found, presumably we're talking to other AI companies about this as well, right? - We are, we're talking to the government when appropria...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And we're not just saying like we are here, here's generally how the case worked. We're sharing very specific indicators.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So IP addresses, email addresses, so that if there's actors on those platforms, they can find them and kick them off there as well.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So that's why it's really a community effort to try to find and stop these folks. - Right, so we have them something similar in the world of alignment research in the Frontier Model Forum, where they share things like jailbreaks and potential misalignment issues with models.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And in the world of security, cybersecurity, there are similar mechanisms. - Exactly right.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
We have information sharing agreements with a number of companies, folks in the industry, governments where we're bilaterally sharing information when we find people just like this. - Okay, we've gotta talk about North Korea. Now, this is one of the most, I think this is like an eye popping case from your report where ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And Claude is involved. So first of all, before we even get to Claude, talk us through what the scam is here.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, so ignore LLMs for a moment. - Yeah, and AI, this is before AI. We don't need AI necessarily. - Exactly.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
The scams started before LLMs became a thing, which is really took off during COVID where North Korea wants money to fund their weapons program, but they're sanctioned. So how do you receive that source of income? One method is getting a job as a remote IT worker with a company. And surprisingly, hundreds of companies ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And this is typically somebody who's highly trained in North Korea, goes to the university. So they have language context, they have cultural context, and they have the technical skills to go through an interview and do this job. And that is what is starting to shift with Claude and AI systems. - Right, right. So just ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
You'd have to go to scammer university to learn this stuff. But actually now- - You don't need to know English.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
You don't need to know the cultural context of the United States, and you don't need any technical skills because Claude can help you through each of those barriers. Claude can say, well, it's a great translator.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Claude can help you answer very strange turn of phrases within the English language. - Right, yeah. There were a couple of, what were the example of phrases that you guys found? - Yeah, like an example is like someone asking Claude, what is a muffin?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And so Claude says it's this round dessert that's often sweet and eaten for breakfast.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And so, then the person follows up with, well, what's the difference in a muffin and a cupcake? And so, like very simple things that- - What is the difference between a muffin? - I'm gonna have to ask Claude that later on. - Really answer that. - Yeah, yeah, yeah. Anyway, carry on.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, so examples like that, or like quoting a phrase from a coworker of like, we just had our first picnic of the year trying to understand what that means. What is a picnic? Why we have them yearly?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And then maybe another one that I found actually a bit entertaining was the actor actually like provided some ASCII art of like an emoji doing something and was like, what are these characters?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
What does this mean? - What is the thing? - Yeah, so that's the little, not necessarily like the picture emojis, but the ones that are made up of punctuation marks.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Yeah. - Yeah. - Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah, amazing. - Yeah, so it's fascinating what shifted here is, on one hand you can think this is incredible, Claude's helping people overcome language barriers. Claude is helping people understand cultural context. Claude is helping somebody code who doesn't know anything about even ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Don't we all have to maintain that illusion? But in this case, their employers and their colleagues are talking to them every day. - That's right.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And they're not realizing that this is a completely fake person who is in fact, a scammer in North Korea, - A persona that's been created by Claude or by somebody in North Korea that doesn't really exist with an educational background that doesn't really exist, with skills that are being done- - Like a resume- - Exac...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Oftentimes you'll see, like, they'll take the project plan from their project manager, like the tasks that they need to complete, and they just throw the whole thing into Claude and say, what do I do? How do I get started?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Help me code this. - Again, super dissimilar to what a lot of people do. - I mean, I do that too now. - You're not wrong though. - Exactly. Exactly.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Are they actually doing economically useful work for these companies? - I think they are, yes. - Right. Right.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- They're being product, otherwise they get fired. They're being productive employees and that's a part of this scam is sometimes these employees are considered high-performing because it might be one individual or many individuals doing the job, but this is what's so, I think critical to take away with this case is be...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Maybe this is a silly question to ask, but I think it might occur to people, how much money do you think North Korea are making from this? They're making tech company salaries, right?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And they're presumably using that money to fund their weapons program and whatever else they need to run, given that they live under sanctions. How much do you reckon overall they earn from this kinda scamming?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- We're seeing these actors get jobs as AI developers.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Those people make quite a lot of money. - Right, right. Yeah, yeah. - And just like general like coding, coding jobs, which typically are high salaried. So, they're being pretty effective with this and they're not taking jobs at like call centers or something like that, that might not pay as much.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And maybe that's something they used to do. Now they can take technical positions. - They're Fortune 500 companies that you're finding that are being- - Yeah, they're targeting all the way up to Fortune 500. Smaller startups, medium-sized companies, large publicly traded companies. - I assume - this is happening at the...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Is that something that you pick up? - Yeah, I think of it in maybe like two ways. The first is there's certainly other groups and other nation states that are running this employment scam where they're trying to land a job without actually being the person who's applying.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
That is becoming more common over time. The twist that you might want to think about as an individual that's listening to this conversation is what's been going around for a long time, which is an employment scam where I receive a job that is not a real job and I go apply to that job, but actually it's a scammer who's ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
or the number of pieces of fraud that are gonna be out in the world and they might, I would suspect, increase over time with the rise of AI.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- What are we doing specifically about the North Korean thing? There's this scam but there's also another part in the Threat Intelligence report where you guys kind of noticed another North Korean operation and stopped that. So, maybe talk about how we're responding and how we're spotting these North Korean. - Yeah, so...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
You're asking what a cupcake is. These are normal things. They're not saying develop malware or anything like that, you know? - About 10% of what we saw looks suspicious. And that's kind of like our needle in the haystack that we have to find among all of the traffic. - But you can't use Claude in North Korea, right?
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Correct. - So, they must be using some like VPN system to evade that. - Yeah. Yeah, so the 10% is like the type of activity was focused on like interview frauds, so we could see them developing fake resumes. We can see them trying to answer interview questions.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Now, the other way, which you just alluded to of finding them is using the infrastructure that they're coming from.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
This activity is widely investigated across the security community, both in the government and in the private sector.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So there's a lot of information sharing happening there, people tracking what infrastructure are they operating on in order to access Western sites. And so, we're engaged in those communities and that's helping us continue to find these activities like this.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- And there are success cases here, and there's one that's in the report that you mentioned that I think is worth calling out, which is there was another North Korean group known as Contagious Interview, and their MO is to try to lure people into applying to fake jobs, to install malware on their devices. - Right. - No...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So this person is like making ransomware and then selling it on the dark web to people.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And again, a normal person would've taken huge levels of skill to make this happen.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But this person had just like vibe-coded it really? - Yeah, yeah, that's correct. So, they developed ransomware, kind of like worked with Claude until eventually they got Claude to actually write the pieces of code that they wanted. There was a lot of refusals that happened and Claude said no, and they would provide so...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, so they were able to get Claude to write some pretty sophisticated ransomware.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
We actually, in the investigation, were able to discover that this actor was selling this ransomware on various underground forums.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So, we were able to trace those ads back to the activity we saw on our platform.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So we got a bit of an understanding on why they were developing what they were developing. And it was clear that it was a ransomware as a service operation. - And there's other kind of entirely different types of scams.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
Do you wanna talk about the romance scam bot? Like of course, Claude doesn't have a kind of avatar thing that it can, that some other AI have these kind of animated avatars that talk to you and so on.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
But people were using it to kind of, as the engine of something like that.
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
- Yeah, so there's these things called romance scams, sadly, which is where you pretend to develop a romantic relationship with another person, usually for the purpose of extracting financial gain from them. And there's this Telegram bot and this Telegram bot had tens of thousands of users, and it was a scamming bot, m...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
So you could upload like a picture of somebody and then say, Hey, how do I compliment this person best? Or how do I respond to this person's message to make it seem like I'm flirting with them effectively? - Right and again, that was, people were having success there and presumably that's shut down now. - Yes. This is ...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
And we build better defenses. But yeah, in that case, we found, I think this is really the takeaway for me is that all scam infrastructure end-to-end is starting to use AI models. Because if you're a scammer, you might not have perfect language skills in the relevant language you're trying to scam somebody in. You migh...
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{ "video_id": "EsCNkDrIGCw", "title": "Threat Intelligence: How Anthropic stops AI cybercrime", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsCNkDrIGCw" }
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