transliteration_unicode stringlengths 0 1.21k | transliteration_mdc stringlengths 0 1.21k | translation stringlengths 0 122 β | pos stringclasses 333
values | gardiner_signs stringlengths 0 87 β | id stringlengths 11 26 | source stringclasses 7
values | page int32 1 2.31k β | hieroglyphs stringlengths 0 3.84k | gardiner_section stringclasses 22
values | hieroglyph_symbol stringclasses 131
values | notes stringclasses 6
values | letter_section stringclasses 21
values | transliteration_original stringlengths 1 1.32k β | translation_de stringlengths 2 2.1k β | translation_en stringlengths 0 2.07k β | translation_method stringclasses 1
value | translation_confidence float64 0.3 1 β | grammatical_info stringlengths 0 291 β | processing_time float64 0 0 β |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
wi | wi | I, me, my | noun | A1 | vygus_00000 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
.kwi | .kwi | I | noun | A1 | vygus_00001 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
s | s | man, someone, anyone, no-one | noun | A1 | vygus_00002 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
rmαΉ― | rmT | man, men, mankind, Egyptians, people | noun | A1 A1 A1 | vygus_00003 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
rmαΉ― | rmT | people, mankind, humanity | noun | A1 B1 Z2 | vygus_00004 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»t | it | father | noun | A1 I9 | vygus_00005 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
swr | swr | drink | verb | A2 | vygus_00006 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
sxκ£ | sxA | to mention | verb | A2 | vygus_00007 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
snhi | snhi | check, inspect | verb | A2 | vygus_00008 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
nis | nis | divide | verb | {mathematics} A2 | vygus_00009 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
sxκ£ | sxA | reminder, memorandum, charge | noun | A2 | vygus_00010 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
(a fabric width ?) | noun | A2 | vygus_00011 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |||
smi | smi | r memorandum | noun | A2 D21 | vygus_00012 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
sxκ£ | sxA | n reminder, memorandum | noun | A2 N35 | vygus_00013 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
dwκ£tyw | dwAtyw | Datians | noun | {cryptic} A4 J15 Z4A | vygus_00014 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mn | imn | StAw Hidden of Mysteries | noun | {cryptic} A4 N37 N16 G43 Z2B | vygus_00015 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
dwκ£ | dwA | praise | verb | {cryptic} A4 Y1 | vygus_00016 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
sκ£tw | sAtw | Satu | noun | A4B | vygus_00017 | vygus_2018 | 1 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mnt | imnt | the West | noun | {cryptic } A4C V13 | vygus_00018 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mn | imn | hidden | verb | {late egyptian} A5A | vygus_00019 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»nm | inm | a (Priestess of Bastet) | noun | A5A D36 | vygus_00020 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»nm | inm | wnwt He who hides the hours (epithet) | noun | A5A E34 N35 W24 X1 N14 N5 N33A A40 | vygus_00021 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mn | imn | nTrw the most hidden of gods {epithet} A5A - | noun | R8 Z3 | vygus_00022 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mnty | imnty | the Westerner | noun | A5A X1 D36 X1 Z4 A40 | vygus_00023 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | pure, purify oneself, bathe, cleanse, purification, purity | noun | A6 | vygus_00024 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | Wab Priest | noun | A6 | vygus_00025 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | be a Priest, do Priestly services | noun | A6 | vygus_00026 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | free (woman) | noun | A6 | vygus_00027 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wabwt | wabwt | priestly service | noun | A6 D58 G43 X1 | vygus_00028 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | Hmt Priestess | noun | A6 N42 X1 | vygus_00029 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | 200 ? (Priestly Title ?) | noun | A6 V1 V1 | vygus_00030 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wabt | wabt | embalming place, tomb, sanctuary, workshop, utility room | noun | A6 X1 O1 | vygus_00031 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wabt | wabt | foodstuff (as payment) | noun | A6 X1 X2 X4 W22 | vygus_00032 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wabt | wabt | food (to be distributed) | noun | A6 X1 X4 | vygus_00033 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wab | wab | pure, purify oneself, bathe, cleanse, purification, purity | noun | A6A | vygus_00034 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
bκ£gi | bAgi | / wrd weariness, languor, slackness, remissness | noun | A7 | vygus_00035 | vygus_2018 | 2 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΈ₯msi | Hmsi | sit, sit down, dwell (in), seat (someone) | verb | A7 | vygus_00036 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
gnn | gnn | to be tender | verb | A7 | vygus_00037 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wrαΈw | wrDw | ib (a name of Osiris) | noun | {greco roman} A7 F34 Z1 | vygus_00038 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
gngn | gngn | be soft, be tender | verb | A7 N35 A7 N35 | vygus_00039 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
wrαΈw | wrDw | weary A7 - Z3A | noun | vygus_00040 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | ||
hnw | hnw | rejoice | verb | A8 | vygus_00041 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
hnw | hnw | associates, family | noun | A8 A1 B1 Z2 | vygus_00042 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
hnw | hnw | (a body of water) | noun | A8 N36 | vygus_00043 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xbt | xbt | place of execution | noun | A8 O51 Y1 | vygus_00044 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xmt | xmt | Place of Slaughter | noun | {late egyptian} A8 T29 | vygus_00045 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
.f | .f | he, him, his, it, its | noun | A9 | vygus_00046 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£αΉ―p | ATp | load, be laden | noun | A9 | vygus_00047 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£i | fAi | Carrier, Delivery man | noun | A9 | vygus_00048 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£αΉ―p | ATp | be heavy laden (with trouble) | verb | A9 A24 | vygus_00049 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£y | fAy | weight, value, amount, reward | noun | A9 A24 | vygus_00050 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£i | fAi | carry, support, lift | verb | A9 A24 | vygus_00051 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£i | fAi | mhr Milkman, Milk jug Carrier | noun | A9 A24 G17 D36 O4 Z5 N35 Z4 W23 A24 A2 | vygus_00052 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£y | fAy | weight, value, amount, reward | noun | A9 A24 O39 | vygus_00053 | vygus_2018 | 3 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£αΉ―p | ATp | load, be laden | noun | A9 D36 | vygus_00054 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£αΉ―pw | ATpw | load, cargo | noun | A9 D36 Z2 | vygus_00055 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£αΉ―pw | ATpw | load, cargo | noun | A9 G43 Y1 Z2 | vygus_00056 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
fκ£yt | fAyt | portable shrine | noun | A9 M17 M17 X1 | vygus_00057 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£tpw | Atpw | cargo | noun | A9 Q3 Z7 Y1 Z2 | vygus_00058 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
kκ£t | kAt | work, construction, craft, profession | noun | A9 X1 Y1 Z2 | vygus_00059 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
kκ£t | kAt | work, construction, craft, profession | noun | A9 Z3 | vygus_00060 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
κ£tpw | Atpw | cargo | noun | A9 Z7 Y1 Z2 | vygus_00061 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊn | Xn | Rower, Oarsman | noun | A10 | vygus_00062 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | expedition | noun | A12 | vygus_00063 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | march, travel | verb | A12 | vygus_00064 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | Army, Troops | noun | A12 A1 B1 Z3 | vygus_00065 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | Soldiers, Army, Infantry, Gang (of workmen), Expedition, Campaign | noun | A12 A1 Z2 | vygus_00066 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | expedition | noun | A12 D54 Z2 | vygus_00067 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | make an expedition, expedition | noun | A12 P1 | vygus_00068 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | Soldiers, Army, Infantry, Gang (of workmen), Expedition, Campaign | noun | A12 Z2 A1 Z2 | vygus_00069 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | Army, Troops, Infantry | noun | A12 Z3 | vygus_00070 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mΕ‘a | mSa | Army, Troops | noun | A12 Z5 Z5 Z3 | vygus_00071 | vygus_2018 | 4 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mt | mt | die, perish, death | noun | A14 | vygus_00072 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
smκ£iw | smAiw | companions | noun | {late egyptian} A14 | vygus_00073 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
mt | mt | die, perish, death | noun | A14 X1 | vygus_00074 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xftyw | xftyw | enemies, opponents | noun | A14A Z2B | vygus_00075 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xr | xr | fall (in military sense) | verb | A15 | vygus_00076 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xrw | xrw | battle, war | noun | A15 | vygus_00077 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xrw | xrw | enemy, heretic, foe (of known origin) | noun | A15 | vygus_00078 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
sxr | sxr | overthrow, throw down, force into place (dislocated bone) | verb | A15 X1 | vygus_00079 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
ksw | ksw | bowings | noun | A16 | vygus_00080 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xy | xy | / Xrd child, boy | noun | A17 | vygus_00081 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»αΈ₯ms | iHms | Attendant, household servant | noun | A17 | vygus_00082 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrd | Xrd | child, become a child | noun | A17 A1 | vygus_00083 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrd | Xrd | nxx an older child | noun | A17 A1 A19 | vygus_00084 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrdw | Xrdw | childhood | noun | A17 A17 A17 | vygus_00085 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
TA | TA | boy | noun | A17 D53 | vygus_00086 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrd | Xrd | boy | noun | A17 G7 | vygus_00087 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xnnt | xnnt | childhood | noun | A17 G7 | vygus_00088 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
msdmt | msdmt | black eye paint, galena, stibium | noun | A17 N26 G14 X1 N33 Z2 | vygus_00089 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrd | Xrd | n kAp child of the (Royal) nursery | noun | A17 N35 R5 O1 | vygus_00090 | vygus_2018 | 5 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
papa | papa | to give birth, to bear, to be born | verb | A17 Q3 A17 Q3 B3 | vygus_00091 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
papa | papa | to shine | verb | A17 Q3 L1 W10 N5 | vygus_00092 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
αΊrdw | Xrdw | n mH small children ? | noun | A17 Z2 N35 D42 | vygus_00093 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
xft | xft | when | noun | {cryptic } A17A E13 N16 | vygus_00094 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mty | imty | pHwy district of Pelusium | noun | A18 F22 | vygus_00095 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mty | imty | foster child (of king of Lower Egypt) | noun | A18 X1 | vygus_00096 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»mt | imt | Buto | noun | A18 X1 O49 | vygus_00097 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
α»κ£wi | iAwi | be aged, attain old age, old age, the old, the elderly | noun | A19 | vygus_00098 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
tnw | tnw | tired land | noun | A19 | vygus_00099 | vygus_2018 | 6 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
ποΈ Ancient Egyptian Multilingual Corpus
Dataset Description
A comprehensive multilingual corpus of Ancient Egyptian texts combining multiple authoritative sources, including dictionaries and translated texts from German to English. Available in multiple formats for maximum accessibility.
π Dataset Summary
This dataset combines:
Dictionary Sources (3 sources, ~15,000 entries):
- Vygus Egyptian Dictionary 2015 (Mark Vygus)
- Dickson Dictionary of Middle Egyptian
- Ancient Egypt Dictionary (10,000+ words from Gardiner, Faulkner, etc.)
Translated Corpora (4 sources, ~65,000 entries):
- BBAW Egyptian Corpus (35,503 entries)
- TLA Demotic (13,383 entries)
- TLA Earlier Egyptian (12,773 entries)
- TLA Late Egyptian (3,606 entries)
Total: ~80,000+ entries covering 4,000 years of Egyptian language history.
π¦ Available Formats
This dataset is available in multiple formats for maximum compatibility:
| Format | Description | Best For | Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arrow | Native HuggingFace format | Fast loading, memory-efficient processing | Smallest |
| JSON | Human-readable, structured | Data exploration, custom processing | Medium |
| CSV | Tabular format | Spreadsheet software, basic analysis | Medium |
| ZIP | All formats compressed | Offline use, complete download | Compressed |
Loading Examples
Arrow Format (Recommended)
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("AhmedElTaher/ancient-egyptian-multilingual")
JSON Format
import json
with open('ancient-egyptian-multilingual_full.json', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
data = json.load(f)
CSV Format
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('ancient-egyptian-multilingual_full.csv')
π― Supported Tasks
- Ancient Egyptian to English translation
- Hieroglyphic text analysis
- Historical linguistics research
- Egyptological studies
- Language model training for ancient languages
- Comparative linguistics
- Digital humanities research
π Languages
- egy: Ancient Egyptian (hieroglyphic, hieratic, demotic scripts)
- en: English (translations)
- de: German (original translations in TLA/BBAW datasets)
Dataset Structure
π Data Fields
| Field | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
id |
string | Unique identifier for each entry |
transliteration_unicode |
string | Unicode transliteration (κ£, κ₯, αΈ₯, αΈ«, αΊ, Ε‘, αΉ―, αΈ, α») |
transliteration_mdc |
string | MDC ASCII-compatible transliteration |
translation_en |
string | English translation |
translation_de |
string | German translation (where available) |
hieroglyphs |
string | Hieroglyphic representation (Unicode/Gardiner codes) |
source |
string | Original dataset source |
pos |
string | Part of speech (where available) |
lemmatization |
string | Lemma information (where available) |
grammatical_info |
string | Additional grammatical information |
π Data Splits
| Split | Entries | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Train | ~72,000 | 90% |
| Validation | ~8,000 | 10% |
Dataset Creation
π¨ Processing Pipeline
- PDF Parsing: Custom parsers for dictionary formats
- Transliteration: Bidirectional Unicode β MDC conversion
- Translation: NLLB-200 neural translation (DEβEN)
- Standardization: Unified column names and formats
- Validation: Manual checking of sample entries
- Multi-format Export: Arrow, JSON, CSV formats
π Source Data
Dictionary Sources
- Vygus Dictionary 2018 - R.H. Barnhart
- Dickson Dictionary - Paul Dickson (2006)
- Ancient Egypt Dictionary - ancient-egypt.co.uk
Corpus Sources
- BBAW - Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences
- TLA - Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae
Usage Guidelines
π Quick Start
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load the dataset
dataset = load_dataset("AhmedElTaher/ancient-egyptian-multilingual")
# Access a sample
sample = dataset['train'][0]
print(f"Egyptian (Unicode): {sample['transliteration_unicode']}")
print(f"Egyptian (MDC): {sample['transliteration_mdc']}")
print(f"English: {sample['translation_en']}")
print(f"Hieroglyphs: {sample['hieroglyphs']}")
π Filtering Examples
# Find all entries with pharaoh
pharaoh_entries = dataset.filter(lambda x: 'pharaoh' in x['translation_en'].lower())
# Get only Demotic texts
demotic = dataset.filter(lambda x: 'demotic' in x['source'])
# Get entries with hieroglyphs
with_hieroglyphs = dataset.filter(lambda x: x['hieroglyphs'] != '')
License & Attribution
π License
CC BY-SA 4.0 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International)
This requires:
- β Attribution to original sources
- β Indication of changes
- β ShareAlike distribution
π Required Citations
@dataset{egyptian_multilingual_corpus_2025,
author = {El Taher, Ahmed},
title = {Ancient Egyptian Multilingual Corpus},
year = {2025},
publisher = {HuggingFace},
url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/AhmedElTaher/ancient-egyptian-multilingual},
email = {ahmed.g.eltaher@gmail.com}
}
[Additional citations for BBAW, TLA, etc...]
Additional Information
π€ Dataset Curator
Ahmed El Taher
π§ ahmed.g.eltaher@gmail.com
π€ AhmedElTaher
π€ Contributions
Contributions welcome! Please submit issues or pull requests.
β οΈ Limitations
- Machine translations may contain inaccuracies
- Some hieroglyphic representations incomplete
- Chronological periods mixed in combined dataset
- Reflects historical biases in sources
π Acknowledgments
Special thanks to all contributing institutions and researchers.
Dataset Version: 1.0.0 | Last Updated: 2025-08-14
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