corpus_id stringlengths 15 40 | version_id stringlengths 10 13 | title stringlengths 31 198 | short_title stringlengths 14 81 | jurisdiction stringclasses 4
values | document_type stringclasses 4
values | official_citation stringlengths 66 221 | authentic_languages listlengths 1 6 | language stringclasses 5
values | adoption_date timestamp[s]date 1963-12-13 00:00:00 2019-06-21 00:00:00 | entry_into_force_date timestamp[s]date 1967-10-10 00:00:00 2017-08-02 00:00:00 ⌀ | source_url stringlengths 56 106 | source_publisher stringlengths 54 125 | source_is_official bool 1
class | authoritative_status stringclasses 2
values | text_fidelity stringclasses 1
value | content_hash stringlengths 71 71 | original_sha256 stringlengths 71 71 | text_sha256 stringlengths 71 71 | license stringclasses 2
values | rights_note stringlengths 81 310 | provenance_note stringlengths 524 1.84k | text stringlengths 3.05k 74.7k | n_chars int64 3.05k 74.7k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
nat/fra/loi-operations-spatiales-2008 | 2023-08-03 | Loi n° 2008-518 du 3 juin 2008 relative aux opérations spatiales | French Space Operations Act (2008, consolidated) | FRA | national_legislation | Loi n° 2008-518 du 3 juin 2008 relative aux opérations spatiales; JORF n°0129 du 4 juin 2008, texte n° 1; NOR ESRX0700048L. Version consolidée en vigueur (dernière modification: LOI n° 2023-703 du 1er août 2023, art. 60). | [
"fr"
] | fr | 2008-06-03T00:00:00 | 2008-06-05T00:00:00 | https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000018931380/ | Légifrance — Direction de l'information légale et administrative (DILA), République française | true | official_consolidation | extracted_verified | sha256:f9f98f1abc891d9d0e37f9391bbb119e80b4dc4a8563fef0bc29176c0ddc3d8d | sha256:1c9c7b2f53849a5b8d22d668fe1848c93393e8d9b1429782f858a69d2ac7c9b6 | sha256:f9f98f1abc891d9d0e37f9391bbb119e80b4dc4a8563fef0bc29176c0ddc3d8d | public-domain-gov | Official legislative text of the French Republic, published in the Journal officiel (JORF) and consolidated by Légifrance/DILA. Under French law official texts (les lois) are excluded from copyright (CPI) and are freely reproducible; Légifrance data is provided under the Licence Ouverte / Etalab open licence. | Authentic FRENCH text of the French Space Operations Act (Loi n° 2008-518 du 3 juin 2008), CONSOLIDATED in-force version as published by Légifrance. Titres I-VIII, Articles 1-30 plus inserted sub-articles (7-1, 11-1, 11-2, 13-1, 20-1, 25-1); Article 17 shown as amended and the abrogated Article 27 reflected per Légifra... | LOI n° 2008-518 du 3 juin 2008 relative aux opérations spatiales (1)
NOR : ESRX0700048L
JORF n°0129 du 4 juin 2008
L'Assemblée nationale et le Sénat ont adopté,
Le Président de la République promulgue la loi dont la teneur suit :
TITRE IER : DEFINITIONS
Article 1
Pour l'application de la présente loi, on entend par... | 38,567 |
nat/lux/ressources-espace-2017 | 2017-07-20 | Loi du 20 juillet 2017 sur l’exploration et l’utilisation des ressources de l’espace | Luxembourg Space Resources Law (2017) | LUX | national_legislation | Loi du 20 juillet 2017; Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, ELI eli/etat/leg/loi/2017/07/20/a674; Doc. parl. 7093 | [
"fr"
] | fr | 2017-07-20T00:00:00 | 2017-08-02T00:00:00 | https://data.legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2017/07/20/a674/jo/fr/html | Legilux — Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:834f39ee0c0f89da7db92b84da3f21ca0c087e7d2ac344bab8a24bc8842ab2c5 | sha256:48dd000b6e3a7d0fc1f92eb5a7f29c52453ba1a22c5df882bb83a0f54e026204 | sha256:834f39ee0c0f89da7db92b84da3f21ca0c087e7d2ac344bab8a24bc8842ab2c5 | public-domain-gov | Official act of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, published in the Journal officiel; freely reproducible with attribution. | Authentic FRENCH text of the Luxembourg Law of 20 July 2017 on the exploration and use of space resources (18 articles). French is the authentic enacting language; per JC-4, any English version is unofficial and belongs in the derived layer. SOURCE: Legilux (the official Journal officiel), retrieved 2026-07-03 via Clau... | Loi du 20 juillet 2017 sur l’exploration et l’utilisation des ressources de l’espace.
Nous Henri, Grand-Duc de Luxembourg, Duc de Nassau,
Notre Conseil d’État entendu;
De l’assentiment de la Chambre des Députés;
Vu la décision de la Chambre des députés du 13 juillet 2017 et celle du Conseil d’État du 14 juillet 201... | 10,660 |
nat/usa/space-resources-2015 | 2015-11-25 | Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization (51 U.S.C. Chapter 513) | US Space Resource Act (51 U.S.C. ch. 513) | USA | national_legislation | 51 U.S.C. §§ 51301-51303 (2015 ed.); enacted by Pub. L. 114-90, title IV (Space Resource Exploration and Utilization Act of 2015), 129 Stat. 720 (Nov. 25, 2015) | [
"en"
] | en | 2015-11-25T00:00:00 | 2015-11-25T00:00:00 | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2015-title51/html/USCODE-2015-title51-subtitleV-chap513.htm | U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO) - United States Code, 2015 Edition | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:82679c9b600708c4bce5058394b13ea6874e9241b5cd1b618ab6e5917e5f79c6 | sha256:d2482715da658bf9b22bf8373e68cce6b696473f3b033b5ceaea002472a76d22 | sha256:82679c9b600708c4bce5058394b13ea6874e9241b5cd1b618ab6e5917e5f79c6 | public-domain-gov | United States Code; a work of the U.S. Government, in the public domain (17 U.S.C. §105). Title 51 is enacted as positive law. | English authentic text of 51 U.S.C. Chapter 513 (Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization), sections 51301-51303, enacted by the Space Resource Exploration and Utilization Act of 2015 (Pub. L. 114-90, title IV). Title 51 is a positive-law title, so the codified US Code text IS the enacted law. SOURCE: the ... | 51 U.S.C. Chapter 513 — Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization
Sec.
51301. Definitions.
51302. Commercial exploration and commercial recovery.
51303. Asteroid resource and space resource rights.
Amendments
2015—Pub. L. 114–90, title IV, §402(a), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 720, added chapter 513 and items... | 3,049 |
un/ga/res-1962-XVIII | 1963-12-13 | Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space | Declaration of Legal Principles | international/UN | ga_resolution | UNGA Res 1962 (XVIII) of 13 December 1963; reproduced in ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 1963-12-13T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/res/oosadoc/data/documents/2025/stspace/stspace61rev_3_0_html/st_space_61rev03E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (2025) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:9321176a04c6b37914864ddc4826fb78026468d687d6b2f07cfaf6f497f386d4 | sha256:5bacb8b48ec5372f507afcc0a185e68c4e2b4fe6ef644587733c18dfb0a5721c | sha256:9321176a04c6b37914864ddc4826fb78026468d687d6b2f07cfaf6f497f386d4 | UN-materials-terms | UN General Assembly resolution; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. Reproduced from the UNOOSA ST/SPACE/61 compilation. | English text of the Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 1962 (XVIII) of 13 December 1963. SOURCE: UNOOSA consolidated official publication 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (ST/SPACE/6... | Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space
The General Assembly,
Inspired by the great prospects opening up before mankind as a result of man’s entry into outer space,
Recognizing the common interest of all mankind in the progress of the exploration a... | 4,971 |
un/ga/res-37-92 | 1982-12-10 | Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting | Direct Broadcasting Principles | international/UN | ga_resolution | UNGA Res 37/92 of 10 December 1982; reproduced in ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 1982-12-10T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/res/oosadoc/data/documents/2025/stspace/stspace61rev_3_0_html/st_space_61rev03E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (2025) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:7f057e0771861520bee05350bd7c694359af97cb508a17f76d714123ca91f5c9 | sha256:5bacb8b48ec5372f507afcc0a185e68c4e2b4fe6ef644587733c18dfb0a5721c | sha256:7f057e0771861520bee05350bd7c694359af97cb508a17f76d714123ca91f5c9 | UN-materials-terms | UN General Assembly resolution; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. Reproduced from the UNOOSA ST/SPACE/61 compilation. | English text of the Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting, adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 37/92 of 10 December 1982. SOURCE: UNOOSA consolidated official publication 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (ST/SPAC... | Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 2916 (XXVII) of 9 November 1972, in which it stressed the necessity of elaborating principles governing the use by States of artificial Earth satellites... | 8,244 |
un/ga/res-41-65 | 1986-12-03 | Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space | Remote Sensing Principles | international/UN | ga_resolution | UNGA Res 41/65 of 3 December 1986; reproduced in ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 1986-12-03T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/res/oosadoc/data/documents/2025/stspace/stspace61rev_3_0_html/st_space_61rev03E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (2025) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:05ba1db2739d54366452bc563a8c2c0e0e29f3b781f550be9a6f3b85d63b03e7 | sha256:5bacb8b48ec5372f507afcc0a185e68c4e2b4fe6ef644587733c18dfb0a5721c | sha256:05ba1db2739d54366452bc563a8c2c0e0e29f3b781f550be9a6f3b85d63b03e7 | UN-materials-terms | UN General Assembly resolution; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. Reproduced from the UNOOSA ST/SPACE/61 compilation. | English text of the Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space, adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 41/65 of 3 December 1986. SOURCE: UNOOSA consolidated official publication 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 2025), retrieved 2026-07-02 as a PDF and... | Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 3234 (XXIX) of 12 November 1974, in which it recommended that the Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space should consider the question of the legal implications of remote ... | 8,964 |
un/ga/res-47-68 | 1992-12-14 | Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space | Nuclear Power Sources Principles | international/UN | ga_resolution | UNGA Res 47/68 of 14 December 1992; reproduced in ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 1992-12-14T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/res/oosadoc/data/documents/2025/stspace/stspace61rev_3_0_html/st_space_61rev03E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (2025) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:3279130e22f8d177d495eae10e1983fab9145d62ef13e7f2d5b16ee42c6bcfbf | sha256:5bacb8b48ec5372f507afcc0a185e68c4e2b4fe6ef644587733c18dfb0a5721c | sha256:3279130e22f8d177d495eae10e1983fab9145d62ef13e7f2d5b16ee42c6bcfbf | UN-materials-terms | UN General Assembly resolution; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. Reproduced from the UNOOSA ST/SPACE/61 compilation. | English text of the Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space, adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 47/68 of 14 December 1992. SOURCE: UNOOSA consolidated official publication 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 2025), retrieved 2026-07-02 as a PDF... | Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space
The General Assembly,
Having considered the report of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the work of its thirty-fifth session12 and the text of the Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space as approve... | 17,145 |
un/ga/res-51-122 | 1996-12-13 | Declaration on International Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for the Benefit and in the Interest of All States, Taking into Particular Account the Needs of Developing Countries | Benefits Declaration | international/UN | ga_resolution | UNGA Res 51/122 of 13 December 1996; reproduced in ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 1996-12-13T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/res/oosadoc/data/documents/2025/stspace/stspace61rev_3_0_html/st_space_61rev03E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/61/Rev.3, 'International Space Law: United Nations Instruments' (2025) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:3e0f1ab923b268d494a1bc4cb2329bd8721bda93b554e60b63d43e4cf21007f2 | sha256:5bacb8b48ec5372f507afcc0a185e68c4e2b4fe6ef644587733c18dfb0a5721c | sha256:3e0f1ab923b268d494a1bc4cb2329bd8721bda93b554e60b63d43e4cf21007f2 | UN-materials-terms | UN General Assembly resolution; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. Reproduced from the UNOOSA ST/SPACE/61 compilation. | English text of the Declaration on International Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for the Benefit and in the Interest of All States, Taking into Particular Account the Needs of Developing Countries, adopted by UN General Assembly resolution 51/122 of 13 December 1996. SOURCE: UNOOSA consolidated of... | Declaration on International Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for the Benefit and in the Interest of All States, Taking into Particular Account the Needs of Developing Countries
The General Assembly,
Having considered the report of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the work of ... | 5,951 |
un/softlaw/copuos-debris-mitigation-2007 | 2007-06-15 | Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space | COPUOS Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines | international/UN | soft_law_guideline | A/62/20, paras. 118-119 and annex (2007); endorsed by UNGA Res 62/217 of 22 December 2007; UN publication ST/SPACE/49 (2010) | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 2007-06-15T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/pdf/publications/st_space_49E.pdf | UNOOSA - ST/SPACE/49 (Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 2010) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:bf264dcf3a6d808491343d721724ea8f24f835a3c13a62a68f26740e24f4a7c5 | sha256:8587ba4b9efd0a1a59f5ae6c7afb3108cd5025cc8bc74d477f22ae2b1c986177 | sha256:bf264dcf3a6d808491343d721724ea8f24f835a3c13a62a68f26740e24f4a7c5 | UN-materials-terms | UN COPUOS guidelines; official UN publication, freely reproducible with attribution. | English text of the Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (sections 1-6: Background, Rationale, Application, the seven Guidelines, Updates, Reference), adopted by COPUOS in 2007 (A/62/20) and endorsed by UNGA resolution 62/217. SOURCE: the official UN publication ST/SPA... | Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
1. Background
Since the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space published its Technical Report on Space Debris in 1999, it has been a common understanding that the current space debris environment poses a risk to spacecraft ... | 9,791 |
un/softlaw/lts-guidelines-2019 | 2019-06-21 | Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities | LTS Guidelines | international/UN | soft_law_guideline | A/74/20, annex II (2019); welcomed by UNGA Res 74/82 of 26 December 2019 | [
"ar",
"zh",
"en",
"fr",
"ru",
"es"
] | en | 2019-06-21T00:00:00 | null | https://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/PromotingSpaceSustainability/Publication_Final_English_June2021.pdf | UNOOSA (2021 publication reproducing A/74/20, annex II) | true | authentic_text | extracted_verified | sha256:4f34acd1f05ca1aed4cca1d36df9cf9404ebcec209ac88dd7152a8a6e6b5c705 | sha256:9dbdf01acc33174fa10fe241f74fcbdb1ecca936ee0cea0a813c7bdcb7063c47 | sha256:4f34acd1f05ca1aed4cca1d36df9cf9404ebcec209ac88dd7152a8a6e6b5c705 | UN-materials-terms | UN COPUOS guidelines; official UN document, freely reproducible with attribution. | "English text of the COPUOS Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities (p(...TRUNCATED) | "Guidelines for the Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities\n\nContext of the guidelines (...TRUNCATED) | 74,725 |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Space Law Corpus
A neutral, provenance-first, machine-readable record of international and national space law. Every record carries its official source, retrieval date, citation, language, an authoritative-status flag, and a SHA-256 content hash; texts are verified against official sources.
- Source of truth / build history: https://github.com/dacheah/space-law-corpus
- Archived & citable: concept DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21185483 (resolves to the latest Zenodo-archived GitHub release)
- Human-browsable site: https://dacheah.github.io/space-law-corpus/
- 23 instruments (23 verified against official sources) · 310 provisions · 451 neutral concept tags
Why this dataset is different
Most legal datasets are scraped text with no sourcing. Here every row is traceable: the authoritative text is stored in its authentic language with a content hash and a fidelity flag, and anything generated (concept tags, structure) is kept in a separate, clearly-labelled layer. That makes it low-risk input for retrieval-augmented generation and citation-grounded legal NLP.
Configs
documents — one row per instrument version: the full authoritative text plus provenance (source_url, official_citation, authoritative_status, text_fidelity, content_hash, license, rights_note, provenance_note, dates, jurisdiction, language).
provisions — one row per structural unit (article / section / principle / guideline): the unit text, its neutral concepts (a model pass, unreviewed), and a link back to the source instrument's text hash and URL. Ideal as pre-chunked, concept-labelled context for RAG.
from datasets import load_dataset
docs = load_dataset("dacheah/space-law-corpus", "documents")
prov = load_dataset("dacheah/space-law-corpus", "provisions")
Contents
| Instrument | Jurisdiction | Adopted | Fidelity |
|---|---|---|---|
| French Space Operations Act (2008, consolidated) | FRA | 2008-06-03 | extracted_verified |
| Luxembourg Space Resources Law (2017) | LUX | 2017-07-20 | extracted_verified |
| US Space Resource Act (51 U.S.C. ch. 513) | USA | 2015-11-25 | extracted_verified |
| Declaration of Legal Principles | international/UN | 1963-12-13 | extracted_verified |
| Direct Broadcasting Principles | international/UN | 1982-12-10 | extracted_verified |
| Remote Sensing Principles | international/UN | 1986-12-03 | extracted_verified |
| Nuclear Power Sources Principles | international/UN | 1992-12-14 | extracted_verified |
| Benefits Declaration | international/UN | 1996-12-13 | extracted_verified |
| COPUOS Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines | international/UN | 2007-06-15 | extracted_verified |
| LTS Guidelines | international/UN | 2019-06-21 | extracted_verified |
| Liability Convention | international/UN | 1971-11-29 | extracted_verified |
| Convention sur la responsabilité (Liability Convention, French authentic text) | international/UN | 1971-11-29 | extracted_verified |
| Moon Agreement | international/UN | 1979-12-05 | extracted_verified |
| Accord sur la Lune (Moon Agreement, French authentic text) | international/UN | 1979-12-05 | extracted_verified |
| Outer Space Treaty | international/UN | 1966-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| Tratado sobre el espacio ultraterrestre (OST, Spanish authentic text) | international/UN | 1966-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| Traité sur l'espace extra-atmosphérique (OST, French authentic text) | international/UN | 1966-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| Договор по космосу (OST, Russian authentic text) | international/UN | 1966-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| 外层空间条约 (OST, Chinese authentic text) | international/UN | 1966-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| Registration Convention | international/UN | 1974-11-12 | extracted_verified |
| Convention sur l'immatriculation (Registration Convention, French authentic text) | international/UN | 1974-11-12 | extracted_verified |
| Rescue Agreement | international/UN | 1967-12-19 | extracted_verified |
| Accord sur le sauvetage (Rescue Agreement, French authentic text) | international/UN | 1967-12-19 | extracted_verified |
Licensing
Mixed, and recorded per record. The compilation, structure, and concept tags (the derived layer) are CC BY 4.0. Source texts are not relicensed — each keeps its own terms (e.g. UN-materials terms; public-domain government works), recorded in every row's license / rights_note. See the licensing policy.
Disclaimer
This is a reference record, not legal advice. The authoritative text of each instrument is the original in its authentic language; translations and concept tags are unofficial and derived (the concept tags are an unreviewed model pass — expect occasional over/under-tagging). Always confirm against the cited official source for anything legally operative.
Citation
Space Law Corpus (Daniel Cheah). https://github.com/dacheah/space-law-corpus
Dataset generated from the repository by scripts/export_hf_dataset.py on 2026-07-11 — do not edit by hand.
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