cometadata/crossref-datacite-citations-datacite-enrichment-format

Crossref citations of DataCite DOIs in DataCite enrichment format

This dataset holds citation insertions derived from the all configuration of cometadata/crossref-datacite-citations. Every JSONL record follows the COMET enrichment input schema, with an enrichedValue following DataCite RelatedIdentifier 4.7.

Each record targets a cited DataCite DOI in doi. It inserts an IsCitedBy relation to the DOI of the Crossref work that cites it.

sourceId is the project DOI 10.82461/xg8p-mk16 in every record. Earlier revisions of this dataset had an empty sourceId. The content key excludes sourceId, so each contentKey is the same as in those revisions.

Contents

The dataset contains 7,339,071 citations of 1,705,826 DataCite DOIs, stored in 30 gzip-compressed JSONL shards.

Measure	Count
Source rows and unique cited DOIs	1,705,826
Cited DOIs with output records	1,705,826
Source citing-work entries	7,339,071
Source reference matches	7,385,186
Output records	7,339,071
Records whose citing work's strongest provenance is publisher	1,192,204
Records whose citing work's strongest provenance is crossref	77,601
Records whose citing work's strongest provenance is mined	6,069,266
Records whose cited DOI is an arXiv DOI	5,999,691

Each source row lists every citing work once, so each pair of cited DOI and citing DOI yields one record. A citing work can match the cited DOI in more than one of its references. That is why source reference matches exceed records.

The source gives each citing-work entry the strongest provenance among its matches, ranked publisher, then crossref, then mined. The provenance rows above count that value for information. The records do not carry it.

Mapping

• Each record uses action: "insert" and field: "relatedIdentifiers". originalValue is absent.
• The source doi maps to the record's doi. It is the cited DataCite DOI.
• Each cited_by[].doi maps to enrichedValue.relatedIdentifier. The value is a bare DOI name, as in the DataCite 4.7 relatedIdentifier example, not a https://doi.org/ URL.
• relatedIdentifierType is always DOI. relationType is always IsCitedBy.
• resourceTypeGeneral is omitted because the source does not record the citing work's type.
• The records do not carry the source match details (match_type, raw_match, and reference) or the citing work's provenance.
• Both DOIs must pass the comet-enrich is_valid_doi_name check and be lowercase. A violation stops the conversion instead of dropping the record. The pinned source has none.
• A repeated pair of cited DOI and citing DOI stops the conversion. The pinned source has none.

DOIs are copied as the source supplies them, already lowercase. Four cited DOIs contain non-ASCII characters, for example 10.13125/américacrítica/3012. The JSONL files store them as UTF-8, not as \u escapes.

Example

{
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.1412.6980",
  "action": "insert",
  "field": "relatedIdentifiers",
  "enrichedValue": {
    "relatedIdentifier": "10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.5415",
    "relatedIdentifierType": "DOI",
    "relationType": "IsCitedBy"
  },
  "sourceId": "10.82461/xg8p-mk16",
  "contentKey": "63f52c05c46e67981b4f1f5157606c91"
}

Content keys

The method name is crossref-datacite-citations. Each contentKey is the 32-character lowercase hexadecimal XXH3-128 hash of the RFC 8785 JCS encoding of:

["crossref-datacite-citations", doi, "relatedIdentifiers", "insert", enrichedValue]

This follows the current COMET content-key implementation. sourceId is not part of the key. The method name, the source ID, and all input and output file checksums are recorded in manifest.json.

Use

Download the files under data/ for direct enrichment ingestion. Each decompressed line is one schema-valid insertion record. The records do not carry provenance. Readers who want only citations whose DOI the publisher or Crossref asserted can use the asserted configuration of the source dataset.

These are proposed insertions. This dataset does not apply them to DataCite records. It does not compare them with the relatedIdentifiers already deposited in DataCite, so some records may duplicate an existing relation.

The default configuration has one train split. Every record has all three enrichedValue properties, so loading through Arrow adds no null properties.

Reproduce and validate

Requires Python 3.11 or newer, the packages in requirements.txt, and an installed hf CLI.

python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
hf download cometadata/crossref-datacite-citations \
  --type dataset \
  --revision 65642a869543640f2965bcf9a7652f49fe88ef93 \
  --include 'data/all/*.parquet' \
  --include 'metadata/pipeline-manifest.json' \
  --local-dir source
python convert.py --source-dir source --output-dir rebuilt --source-id 10.82461/xg8p-mk16
cp provenance/enrichment_input_schema.json rebuilt/provenance/
cp provenance/independent_projection.sql rebuilt/provenance/
python validate.py rebuilt
python verify_source.py rebuilt --source-dir source/data/all

convert.py checks the SHA-256 of the pinned pipeline manifest, then the size and SHA-256 of each all parquet file that the manifest lists, before it reads any rows. It validates every emitted record against the pinned enrichment schema and a related-identifier subset schema. It also checks its source totals against the counts in the pipeline manifest. validate.py reads all output shards and checks their SHA-256 checksums, both schemas, and both DOIs. It independently recomputes content keys and checks global key uniqueness and the manifest totals. verify_source.py compares every output pair of cited DOI and citing DOI with a separate SQL projection of the source, in both directions, and checks that the counts match. Results are in validation_report.json. Two conversions of the pinned source produced byte-identical data files.

The source revision is 65642a869543640f2965bcf9a7652f49fe88ef93, built by extractor version 2.2.0 from the Crossref snapshot and DataCite release 2026-07. The COMET schema revision is abd6a9acd3fc70d25f703ea5be3c0fc62e0b6a61. provenance/ holds the schema snapshot, the related-identifier subset schema, the source pipeline manifest, the independent SQL projection, and the first four records.

Limitations

Citations reflect one Crossref snapshot and one DataCite release and keep the source's matching errors. The source notes that mined matches come from noisy reference text and may be lower quality. In 6,069,266 records, the citing work's strongest provenance is mined. In 5,999,691 records (81.75%), the cited DOI is an arXiv DOI with the prefix 10.48550/. This conversion does not check the relatedIdentifiers already deposited in DataCite, and it does not record the citing work's resource type. The source is released under CC0 1.0, and so is this conversion.