# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001609065
**File Stem:** 0001193125-26-029411
**Filing Date:** 2026-1
**Character Count:** 64024
**Document Hash:** 41e7e0e593ea876e0c18aedd04b9cf99
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001193125-26-029411.hdr.sgml**: 20260129

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001193125-26-029411

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 8-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 12

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20260129

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Results of Operations and Financial Condition

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Financial Statements and Exhibits

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260129

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260129

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001609065
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS [6022]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 02 Finance
- **EIN:** 383941859
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** MD
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 8-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-36695
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26578304

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 214 WEST FIRST STREET
- **CITY:** OSWEGO
- **STATE:** NY
- **ZIP:** 13126
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** (315) 343-0057

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 214 WEST FIRST STREET
- **CITY:** OSWEGO
- **STATE:** NY
- **ZIP:** 13126

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? 8-K

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549**

**FORM** 8-K

**CURRENT REPORT**

**Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934**

**Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):** January 29, 2026

![img105477213_0.jpg](img105477213_0.jpg)

**(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)**

**Commission File Number:** 001-36695

Maryland 38-3941859 <br> (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

214 West First Street<u>,</u> Oswego<u>,</u> NY 13126

(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

<u>(</u>315<u>)</u> 343-0057

(Issuer's Telephone Number including area code)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| <u>Title of each class</u> | <u>Trading Symbol(s)</u> | <u>Name of each exchange on which registered</u> |
| Common Stock, $0.01 par value | PBHC | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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**Section 2 – Financial Information**

**Item 2.02 – Results of Operations and Financial Condition**

On January 29, 2026, Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. issued a press release disclosing its fourth quarter 2025 financial results. A copy of the press release is included as Exhibit 99.1 to this report.

The information in Item 2.02 to this Form 8-K and Exhibit 99.1 shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except as shall be expressly set forth in such filing.

**Item 9.01 – Financial Statements and Results**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| <u>Exhibit No.</u> | <u>Description</u> |
| 99.1 | [<u>Press Release dated January 29, 2026</u>](pbhc-ex99_1.htm) |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document). |

---

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**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  | **PATHFINDER BANCORP, INC.** |
| Date: | January 29, 2026 | By: | /s/ James A. Dowd |
|  |  |  | James A. Dowd |
|  |  |  | President and Chief Executive Officer |

---

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## Exhibit 99.1

**Exhibit 99.1**

***Investor/Media Contacts*** 

James A. Dowd, President, CEO

Justin K. Bigham, Executive Vice President, CFO

Telephone: (315) 343-0057

**Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. Announces Financial Results for <br>Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025**

*Pathfinder enters 2026 with improved earnings outlook following a proactive comprehensive commercial loan review and corresponding risk-based reserve build*

OSWEGO, N.Y., January 29, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. ("Pathfinder" or the "Company") (NASDAQ: PBHC) announced its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

The holding company for Pathfinder Bank ("the Bank") reported a net loss attributable to common shareholders of $7.0 million, or $1.11 per diluted share, in the fourth quarter of 2025, and $3.4 million, or $0.54 per diluted share for full year 2025, reflecting an $11.2 million credit loss provision expense taken to build reserves following completion of a previously announced comprehensive review of the Bank's commercial loan portfolio. Net income attributable to common shareholders was $626,000, or $0.10 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2025, $3.9 million or $0.63 per diluted share in the fourth quarter of 2024, and $3.4 million, or $0.54 per diluted share for full year 2024.

**Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Highlights and Key Developments**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•The net loss resulted primarily from an $11.2 million credit loss provision expense in the quarter, reflecting a $10.8 million increase in the Company's allowance for credit losses ("ACL") to $29.4 million, or 3.28% of loans, at December 31, 2025. The risk-based reserve build reflects the Company's forward-looking assessment of loans with unique risk characteristics identified through the comprehensive review of all commercial relationships with exposures of $500,000 or more, representing approximately 90% of the commercial portfolio, which was announced in October and completed in December 2025.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•The Company transferred $6.3 million in substandard loans associated with one local commercial relationship to held-for-sale status and recorded a pre-tax loss of $398,000, as a fourth quarter 2025 lower of cost or market adjustment ("LOCOM HFS adjustment"), based on active sale negotiations. Nonperforming loans totaled $27.6 million at December 31, 2025, compared to $23.3 million on September 30, 2025 and $22.1 million on December 31, 2024.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Loans totaled $896.7 million at December 31, 2025, following the movement of $6.3 million in substandard loans to held-for-sale status, compared to $898.5 million on September 30, 2025 and $919.0 million on December 31, 2024. Commercial loans were $543.7 million or 60.6% of total loans

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at December 31, 2025, following the reclassification of loans to held-for-sale, compared to $543.7 million on September 30, 2025 and $539.7 million on December 31, 2024.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Deposits totaled $1.18 billion at December 31, 2025, down from $1.23 billion on September 30, 2025 and $1.20 billion on December 31, 2024, primarily due to runoff of the Bank's higher-cost brokered, and other time deposits. As a percentage of total deposits, core deposits expanded to 79.78% at December 31, 2025, compared to 78.37% on September 30, 2025 and 76.86% on December 31, 2024.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Net interest income was $10.5 million and net interest margin ("NIM") was 3.09% in the fourth quarter of 2025. For the linked quarter, net interest income was $11.6 million and NIM was 3.34%, including loan and investment prepayment penalties contributing a combined $260,000 to net interest income and 7 basis points to NIM. In the year-ago period, net interest income was $10.4 million and NIM was 3.02%. For the full year 2025, net interest income was $44.3 million and NIM was 3.21% compared to net interest income of $41.0 million and NIM of 2.98% in 2024.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Noninterest income was $1.3 million for the fourth quarter 2025, including the LOCOM HFS adjustment's $398,000 impact. Noninterest income was $1.5 million in the linked quarter and $4.9 million in the year-ago quarter including a $3.2 million gain from the insurance agency sold in October 2024.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Noninterest expense of $9.2 million represented 2.51% of average assets on an annualized basis, for the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to $8.9 million or 2.40% of average assets in the linked quarter and $8.5 million or 2.33% of average assets in the year-ago quarter. For full-year 2025 and 2024, noninterest expense represented 2.36% and 2.37% of average assets, respectively.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•The efficiency ratio was 74.96% for the fourth quarter 2025, compared to 68.78% in the linked quarter and 72.25% in the year-ago quarter. For full-year 2025 and 2024, the efficiency ratio was 69.12% and 72.82%, respectively<sup>(1)</sup>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Pre-tax, pre-provision ("PTPP") net income was $3.1 million for the fourth quarter 2025, compared to $4.1 million in the linked quarter and $3.3 million in the year-ago quarter<sup>(1)</sup>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Quarterly cash dividends payable to common stockholders of $0.10 per share were declared on December 22, 2025 and payable on February 6, 2026.

"We believe the legacy commercial credit quality issues that have previously contributed to elevated earnings volatility have been substantially addressed following the completion of our comprehensive portfolio review," President and Chief Executive Officer James Dowd said.

"Our fourth quarter and full-year results reflect a meaningful, risk-based reserve build based on the Company's forward-looking assessment of expected credit losses, following completion of the comprehensive loan portfolio review announced in October," Dowd added. "This action is aligned with the more rigorous approach to managing credit risk that our current management team began implementing over a year ago, including enhanced portfolio monitoring, strengthened policy standards, more stringent underwriting criteria, and an increased focus on new commercial originations that emphasize profitable, full-service banking relationships with high-quality small- and mid-sized businesses, complementing our healthy local retail lending operations.

<sup>[1]</sup> See "Notes on Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 9.

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We believe these actions position the Company to generate more consistent earnings during 2026, with reduced incremental reserve pressure, and support growth of the Company's capital ratios in 2026. These actions also enhance our flexibility to prudently evaluate capital allocation alternatives over time and to deploy the Bank's ample funding to support Central New York businesses and consumers, ultimately supporting the long-term creation of shareholder value."

***Portfolio Review, Reserve Build, and Credit Culture***

Over a year ago, Pathfinder began taking significant steps to enhance its credit risk management processes, including a third quarter 2024 review of nonperforming commercial loans and purchased loan pools. In the third quarter of 2025, the Company recorded an increase in the ACL by 16.7% in conjunction with its decision to initiate a comprehensive review of every performing and nonperforming loan associated with all 198 commercial relationships having exposures of $500,000 or more, representing approximately 90% of the commercial loan portfolio. Upon completion of the comprehensive portfolio review in December 2025, the Company identified 47 legacy commercial relationships, with unique risk characteristics and an average principal balance of $1.9 million. Based on management's forward-looking assessment of collateral dependent loans with unique risk characteristics and the expected credit losses associated with these relationships, the Company recorded an additional $11.4 million in provision for loans in the fourth quarter of 2025, increasing the ACL to $29.4 million, or 3.28% of total loans, as of December 31, 2025.

Now, with measures taken in the fourth quarter of 2025 to substantially address legacy commercial credit issues, management is confident that it has the team, policies, procedures and culture in place to strengthen its commercial credit quality while maintaining the historic health of its consumer and residential loan portfolio.

"Pathfinder has embraced an important cultural shift through the implementation of systemic changes to improve credit risk management," explained Senior Vice President and Chief Credit Officer Joseph Serbun. "These changes include a team-based approach to dynamic and proactive monitoring of commercial loans and relationships, adherence to rigorous policy standards with limited exceptions, more stringent underwriting criteria, and enhanced structural processes designed to support stronger decision-making at origination and improve the lifetime performance of loans. In addition, we have dedicated personnel and resources focused exclusively on the loan workout process, enabling more focused and productive resolutions of problem credits, including the legacy relationships identified in our recently completed portfolio review."

***Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin*** 

Fourth quarter 2025 net interest income was $10.5 million, a decrease of $1.1 million, or 9.4%, from the third quarter of 2025. A decrease in interest and dividend income of $1.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2025 from the linked quarter was primarily attributed to greater interest and dividend income in the third quarter 2025 that benefited from $260,000 in loan and securities prepayment penalties in the linked quarter, as well as what the Company views as a temporary reduction of securities balances in the fourth quarter of 2025 and an average yield decrease of 30 basis points on all interest-earning assets. A 35 basis point decrease in average loan yields comparing the fourth quarter of 2025 to the linked quarter reflected an elevated third quarter 2025 average loan yield that benefited by 9 basis points from loan prepayment penalty income. A 20 basis point decrease in taxable securities average yield when comparing the fourth quarter of 2025 to the linked quarter reflected an elevated third quarter 2025 average yield that benefited by 5 basis points from investment prepayment penalty income. In addition, average balances of loans, taxable securities and tax-exempt securities declined by $1.8 million, $30.6

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million and $194,000, respectively when comparing the fourth quarter of 2025 to the linked quarter. Decreases in income from loan interest, taxable securities, and tax-exempt securities of $816,000, $626,000, and $70,000, respectively, were partially offset by increases in income from dividends and federal funds sold of $39,000 and $31,000, respectively when comparing the fourth quarter of 2025 to the linked quarter. A decrease in interest expense in the fourth quarter of 2025 from the third quarter of 2025 of $352,000 was attributed to a 3 basis point decline in the average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities, including reductions of 3 basis points in the average cost of interest-bearing deposits reflecting lower average brokered and other time deposits outstanding, as well as a 3 basis point decrease in the average cost of borrowings and lower average borrowings outstanding.

NIM was 3.09% in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to 3.34% in the third quarter of 2025. The decrease of 25 basis points reflected an elevated third quarter 2025 NIM that benefited by 7 basis points from loan and investment prepayment penalties, as well as lower average interest-bearing deposit costs in the fourth quarter of 2025 and what the Company views as a temporary reduction of investment securities balances.

Fourth quarter 2025 net interest income was $10.5 million, an increase of $133,000, or 1.3%, from the year-ago period. A decrease in interest and dividend income of $1.2 million was attributed to what management views as a temporary reduction of securities balances, as well as declines in the average yields on total interest-earning assets, loans, taxable investment securities, tax exempt investment securities, and fed funds sold and interest-earning deposits of 31 basis points, 13 basis points, 56 basis points, 54 basis points, and 316 basis points, respectively. Average loan balances also declined by $15.9 million from the year-ago period, with a corresponding decrease in loan interest income of $540,000. A decrease in interest expense of $1.4 million was primarily attributed to a 47 basis point decline in the average cost of total interest-bearing liabilities, including reductions of 44 basis points in the average cost of interest bearing deposits reflecting lower average brokered deposits outstanding, as well as 115 basis points decline in the average cost of borrowings and lower average borrowings outstanding.

NIM was 3.09% in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to 3.02% in the fourth quarter of 2024. NIM expansion in 2025 over the year-ago period was attributed to deliberate loan and deposit pricing adjustments, core deposit growth, and reduced borrowings, partially offset by lower earning asset yields.

***Noninterest Income*** 

Fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income includes a $398,000 lower of cost or market adjustment ("LOCOM HFS adjustment") in connection with loans reclassified as held-for-sale. The Company is engaged in active sale negotiations with a potential buyer to sell substandard loans associated with one commercial relationship dating back to 2017.

Fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income also includes a loss on the sale of premises and equipment of $37,000 for the disposal of a rental office property that was not occupied by the Bank and recently sold to a non-profit tenant, as well as a reduction of $115,000 for final settlement costs associated with the insurance agency business sold in October 2024.

Fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income totaled $1.3 million, reflecting the LOCOM HFS adjustment, the loss on premises and equipment, and final settlement costs associated with the 2024 insurance agency sale. Third quarter

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2025 noninterest income was $1.5 million. Fourth quarter 2024 noninterest income totaled $4.9 million including $3.2 million in pre-tax gains from the 2024 insurance agency sale.

Compared to the linked quarter, fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income reflected decreases of $105,000 in debit card interchange fees, $56,000 in earnings and gain on BOLI, and $23,000 in service charges on deposit accounts. Compared to the linked quarter, fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income also reflected increases of $522,000 in net unrealized gains on marketable equity securities and $12,000 in gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate, a decrease of $9,000 in net realized losses on sales and redemptions of investment securities, and a decrease in loan servicing fees of $38,000.

Compared to the year-ago period, fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income reflected an increase of $61,000 in earnings and gains on BOLI and decreases of $153,000 in debit card interchange fees and $24,000 in service charges on deposit accounts. In addition, fourth quarter 2025 noninterest income, compared to the year-ago period, included increases of $501,000 in net unrealized gains on marketable equity securities and $94,000 in gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate, an increase of $252,000 in net realized losses on sales and redemptions of investment securities, and a decrease of $21,000 in loan servicing fees.

***Noninterest Expense***

Noninterest expense totaled $9.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, increasing $213,000 from $8.9 million in the third quarter of 2025 and $606,000 from $8.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Salaries and benefits were $4.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, decreasing $81,000 from the linked quarter and increasing $801,000 from the year-ago period. The decrease from the third quarter of 2025 was attributable to a $36,000 increase in FASB91 payroll deferrals resulting from increased loan originations and lower employee benefit expenses in the fourth quarter of 2025. The increase from the fourth quarter of 2024 was primarily driven by general salary increases and a change in workforce composition in 2025, as the Company strategically added more senior, key personnel across the organization.

Building and occupancy costs were $1.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, decreasing $62,000 from the linked quarter and increasing $83,000 from the year-ago quarter. The decrease from the linked quarter reflected modest reductions across all building and occupancy expense categories, while the increase from the year-ago period was primarily attributed to higher periodic maintenance, utility and property tax expenses.

Data processing expense was $698,000 in the fourth quarter of 2025, increasing $57,000 from the linked quarter and decreasing $23,000 from the year-ago period. The increase from the linked quarter reflected higher costs primarily associated with check and ATM processing charges, while the decrease from the year-ago period was driven by lower data processing supplies, ATM processing, and internet banking service expenses.

Other expenses were $798,000 in the fourth quarter of 2025, increasing $196,000 from the linked quarter and $54,000 from the year-ago period. The fourth quarter 2025 increase primarily related to fees on the loans held- for-sale.

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Annualized noninterest expense represented 2.51% of average assets in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to 2.40% and 2.33% in the linked and year-ago periods. The efficiency ratio was 74.96% in the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to 68.78% and 72.25% in the linked and year-ago periods, respectively<sup>(2)</sup>.

***Net Income***

For the fourth quarter of 2025, net loss attributable to common shareholders was $7.0 million, or $1.12 per basic share and $1.11 per diluted share, compared to net income available to common shareholders of $626,000, or $0.10 per basic and diluted share, in the linked quarter and $3.9 million or $0.63 per basic and diluted share in the year-ago period.

***Statement of Financial Condition***

As of December 31, 2025, the Company's statement of financial condition reflects total assets of $1.43 billion, compared to $1.47 billion on each of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Loans totaled $896.7 million on December 31, 2025, following the $6.3 million reclassification of substandard loans to held-for-sale, decreasing $1.9 million or 0.2% during the fourth quarter 2025 and $22.3 million or 2.4% from one year prior. Consumer and residential loans totaled $354.3 million on December 31, 2025, decreasing $1.8 million or 0.5% during the fourth quarter 2025 and $26.6 million or 7.0% from one year prior. Commercial loans totaled $543.7 million on December 31, 2025, following the movement of loans to held-for-sale, in line with outstanding balances on September 30, 2025 and decreasing $4.0 million or 0.7% from one year prior.

Investment securities totaled $413.2 million on December 31, 2025, decreasing $29.2 million or 6.6% in the fourth quarter 2025. The decrease from the linked quarter reflects $10.0 million in calls and $19.2 million of maturities and scheduled amortization. Investment securities decreased by $18.9 million, or 4.4%, from December 31, 2024.

With respect to liabilities, deposits totaled $1.18 billion on December 31, 2025, decreasing $41.2 million or 3.4% during the fourth quarter 2025 and $20.7 million or 1.7% from one year prior. The decrease from the linked quarter reflects runoff of the Bank's higher-cost brokered deposits, and decreases in both MMDA and time deposits. The decrease from the previous year was primarily driven by runoff of the Bank's higher-cost brokered deposits and lower time deposits, partially offset by higher MMDA deposits.

Shareholders' equity totaled $121.0 million on December 31, 2025, decreasing $5.4 million or 4.3% in the fourth quarter 2025 and $516,000 or 0.4% from one year prior. The fourth quarter 2025 decrease primarily reflected a $7.7 million decrease in retained earnings, partially offset by a $1.9 million decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL") and a $416,000 increase in additional paid in capital.

***Asset Quality***

The Company's asset quality metrics reflect ongoing efforts the Bank is undertaking as part of its commitment to continuously improve its credit risk management approach.

<sup>[2]</sup> See "Notes on Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 9.

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Nonperforming loans were $27.6 million, or 3.07% of total loans on December 31, 2025, compared to $23.3 million or 2.59% on September 30, 2025, and $22.1 million or 2.40% on December 31, 2024. The increase primarily reflected certain legacy commercial loans moving to nonperforming status, including loans that may have been less than 90 days delinquent but were identified as having unique risk characteristics through the Company's 2025 portfolio review.

Net charge-offs ("NCOs") after recoveries declined to $604,000, or an annualized 0.27% of average loans in the fourth quarter of 2025, from $670,000 or 0.30% in the linked quarter and $1.0 million or 0.44% in the year-ago period.

Provision for credit loss expense was $11.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, reflecting the $10.8 million increase in the Company's ACL in the fourth quarter of 2025 in conjunction with December's completion of the Company's previously announced portfolio review. The provision was $3.5 million and $988,000 in the linked and year-ago quarters, respectively.

The Company believes it is sufficiently collateralized and reserved, with an ACL of $29.4 million on December 31, 2025, compared to $18.7 million on September 30, 2025 and $17.2 million on December 31, 2024. As a percentage of total loans, ACL represented 3.28% on December 31, 2025, 2.08% on September 30, 2025, and 1.88% on December 31, 2024.

***Liquidity*** 

The Company has diligently ensured a strong liquidity profile as of December 31, 2025 to meet its ongoing financial obligations. The Bank's liquidity management, as evaluated by its cash reserves and operational cash flows from loan repayments and investment securities, remains robust and is effectively managed by the institution's leadership.

The Bank's analysis indicates that expected cash inflows from loans and investment securities are more than sufficient to meet all projected financial obligations. Total deposits were $1.18 billion on December 31, 2025, compared to $1.23 billion on September 30, 2025 and $1.20 billion on December 31, 2024. Core deposits represented 79.78% of total deposits on December 31, 2025, compared to 78.37% of total deposits on September 30, 2025 and 76.86% on December 31, 2024. The Bank continues to implement strategic initiatives to enhance its core deposit franchise, including targeted marketing campaigns and customer engagement programs aimed at deepening banking relationships and enhancing deposit stability.

On December 31, 2025, Pathfinder Bancorp had an available additional funding capacity of $157.5 million with the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and $13.5 million with the Federal Reserve Bank, which complements its liquidity reserves. Moreover, the Bank maintains additional unused credit lines totaling $15.0 million, which provide a buffer for additional funding needs. These facilities, including access to the Federal Reserve's Discount Window, are part of a comprehensive liquidity strategy that ensures flexibility and readiness to respond to any funding requirements.

***Cash Dividend Declared***

On December 22, 2025, Pathfinder's Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.10 per share for holders of both voting common and non-voting common stock.

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In addition, this dividend also extends to the notional shares of the Company's warrants. Shareholders as of January 16, 2026 will be eligible for the dividend, which is scheduled for disbursement on February 6, 2026. This distribution aligns with Pathfinder Bancorp's philosophy of consistent and reliable delivery of shareholder value.

Evaluating the Company's market performance, the closing stock price as of December 31, 2025 stood at $14.11 per share. This positions the annualized dividend yield at 2.83%.

***About Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc.***

Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: PBHC) is the bank holding company for Pathfinder Bank, which serves Central New York customers throughout Oswego, Syracuse, and their neighboring communities. Strategically located branches, as well as diversified consumer, mortgage, and commercial loan portfolios, reflect the state-chartered Bank's commitment to in-market relationships and local customer service. The Company also offers investment services to individuals and businesses. More information is available at pathfinderbank.com and ir.pathfinderbank.com.

***Forward-Looking Statements*** 

*Certain statements contained herein are "forward looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding expected earnings normalization, future credit costs, the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses, reduced incremental reserve pressure, potential expansion of regulatory capital ratios, dividend sustainability, liquidity capacity, funding availability, and the Company's business strategy and outlook for 2026 and beyond.* 

*Forward-looking statements are generally identified by use of the words "believe," "expect," "intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "project" or similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs, such as "will," "would," "should," "could," or "may." These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of the Company's and the Bank's management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive and regulatory uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company's and the Bank's control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change.* 

*Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors. Although it is not possible to identify all factors that may cause actual results to differ, such include, but are not limited to: risks related to the real estate and economic environment, particularly in the market areas in which the Company and the Bank operate; fiscal and monetary policies of the U.S. Government; inflation; changes in prevailing interested rates; changes in government regulations affecting financial institutions, including regulatory compliance costs and capital requirements; the risk that actual credit losses, borrower performance, collateral values, or loan migration patterns differ from management's forward-looking estimates or assumptions; fluctuations in the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses; decreases in deposit levels or changes in deposit mix that may necessitate increased borrowing to fund loans and investments; access to wholesale or other funding sources; operational risks including, cybersecurity, fraud, model risk and natural disasters; credit risk management; and the risk that the Company may not be successful in the implementation of its business strategy.* 

*Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and other periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), which are available at the SEC's website, www.sec.gov. While the Company believes it has identified and discussed the material risks affecting its business, there may be additional risks and uncertainties not currently known or considered immaterial that could affect the forward-looking statements made herein.* 

*Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as predictions of future results. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to* 

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*update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.*

***Notes on Non-GAAP Financial Measures*** 

*This release contains certain non-GAAP financial measures, including, but not limited to the efficiency ratio, pre-tax, pre-provision net income, tangible common equity, tangible book value per share, and return on average tangible common equity. For purposes of Regulation G, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a registrant's historical or future financial performance, financial position, or cash flows that excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding amounts, that are included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"), or includes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of including amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable GAAP measure.*

*The Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors by assisting in the evaluation of the Company's operating performance, operating efficiency, financial condition, and trends, and by facilitating comparisons with prior periods and with peer institutions. In particular, management uses these measures to assess expense control relative to revenue generation, underlying profitability excluding certain non-recurring or non-operational items, and capital strength on a basis that it believes is meaningful for internal planning and external analysis.* 

*These non-GAAP measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and should be considered only in conjunction with the Company's GAAP financial results.*

*Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation G, the Company has provided reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures within this release.* 

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **PATHFINDER BANCORP, INC.** |  |  |  |  |  |
| **Selected Financial Information (Unaudited)** |  |  |  |  |  |
| (Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **SELECTED BALANCE SHEET DATA:** | **December 31,** | **September 30,** | **June 30,** | **March 31,** | **December 31,** |
| **ASSETS:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and due from banks | $11521 | $19317 | $16183 | $18606 | $13963 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Interest-earning deposits | 19649 | 21255 | 15292 | 32862 | 17609 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total cash and cash equivalents | 31170 | 40572 | 31475 | 51468 | 31572 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Available-for-sale securities, at fair value | 276815 | 294457 | 300951 | 284051 | 269331 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost | 130324 | 142538 | 157892 | 155704 | 158683 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Marketable equity securities, at fair value | 6034 | 5352 | 4881 | 4401 | 4076 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost | 2560 | 3488 | 5278 | 2906 | 4590 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Loans held-for-sale | 5900 | - | 3161 | - | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Loans, net of deferred fees | 896670 | 898520 | 909723 | 912150 | 918986 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Less: Allowance for credit losses | 29436 | 18654 | 15983 | 17407 | 17243 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loans receivable, net | 867234 | 879866 | 893740 | 894743 | 901743 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Premises and equipment, net | 18008 | 18760 | 19047 | 19233 | 19009 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease right-of-use assets | 1098 | 1124 | 1115 | 1356 | 1391 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Finance lease right-of-use assets | 15885 | 16082 | 16280 | 16478 | 16676 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued interest receivable | 6328 | 6498 | 6889 | 6748 | 6881 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Foreclosed real estate | 137 | 137 | 83 | - | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Intangible assets, net | 5362 | 5518 | 5675 | 5832 | 5989 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Goodwill | 5056 | 5056 | 5056 | 5056 | 5056 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Bank owned life insurance | 31374 | 31145 | 31045 | 24889 | 24727 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other assets | 21867 | 21675 | 22551 | 22472 | 25150 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total assets | $1425152 | $1472268 | $1505119 | $1495337 | $1474874 |
| **LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest-bearing deposits | $987471 | $1028782 | $1030155 | $1061166 | $990805 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Noninterest-bearing deposits | 196377 | 196299 | 191732 | 203314 | 213719 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total deposits | 1183848 | 1225081 | 1221887 | 1264480 | 1204524 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Short-term borrowings | 44000 | 38000 | 75500 | 27000 | 61000 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Long-term borrowings | 14074 | 18702 | 20977 | 17628 | 27068 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Subordinated debt | 30155 | 30258 | 30206 | 30156 | 30107 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued interest payable | 424 | 1134 | 813 | 844 | 546 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | 1304 | 1326 | 1313 | 1560 | 1591 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Finance lease liabilities | 16390 | 16479 | 16566 | 16655 | 16745 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other liabilities | 13990 | 14949 | 13444 | 12118 | 11810 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities | 1304185 | 1345929 | 1380706 | 1370441 | 1353391 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Shareholders' equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Voting common stock shares issued and outstanding | 4805361 | 4794225 | 4788109 | 4761182 | 4745366 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Voting common stock | $48 | $48 | $48 | $48 | $47 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-voting common stock | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additional paid in capital | 54390 | 53974 | 53645 | 53103 | 52750 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Retained earnings | 71882 | 79560 | 79564 | 80163 | 77816 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (5367) | (7257) | (8858) | (8432) | (9144) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. shareholders' equity | 120967 | 126339 | 124413 | 124896 | 121483 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $1425152 | $1472268 | $1505119 | $1495337 | $1474874 |

---

The above information is unaudited and preliminary, based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **SELECTED INCOME STATEMENT DATA:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q2** | **Q1** | **Q4** |
| Interest and dividend income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Loans, including fees | $53560 | $52705 | $12983 | $13799 | $13106 | $13672 | $13523 |
| Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Taxable | 20695 | 22319 | 4681 | 5307 | 5522 | 5185 | 5312 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tax-exempt | 1707 | 1920 | 385 | 455 | 465 | 402 | 445 |
| Dividends | 241 | 620 | 83 | 44 | 21 | 93 | 164 |
| Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits | 450 | 793 | 162 | 131 | 68 | 89 | 82 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest and dividend income | 76653 | 78357 | 18294 | 19736 | 19182 | 19441 | 19526 |
| Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest on deposits | 27988 | 30493 | 6768 | 6957 | 7318 | 6945 | 7823 |
| Interest on short-term borrowings | 1971 | 4176 | 365 | 566 | 495 | 545 | 700 |
| Interest on long-term borrowings | 387 | 733 | 123 | 127 | 72 | 65 | 136 |
| Interest on subordinated debt | 1972 | 1966 | 528 | 486 | 483 | 475 | 490 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest expense | 32318 | 37368 | 7784 | 8136 | 8368 | 8030 | 9149 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net interest income | 44335 | 40989 | 10510 | 11600 | 10814 | 11411 | 10377 |
| Provision for (benefit from) credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loans | 16403 | 11106 | 11385 | 3341 | 1173 | 504 | 988 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Held-to-maturity securities | (81) | (95) | (86) | - | 5 | - | (5) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unfunded commitments | 20 | (38) | (105) | 153 | 19 | (47) | 5 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total provision for credit losses | 16342 | 10973 | 11194 | 3494 | 1197 | 457 | 988 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net interest income after provision for credit losses | 27993 | 30016 | (684) | 8106 | 9617 | 10954 | 9389 |
| Noninterest income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Service charges on deposit accounts | 1539 | 1436 | 381 | 404 | 380 | 374 | 405 |
| Earnings and gain on bank owned life insurance | 834 | 854 | 230 | 286 | 156 | 162 | 169 |
| Loan servicing fees | 386 | 375 | 75 | 113 | 97 | 101 | 96 |
| Net realized (losses) gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities | (23) | (71) | (3) | (12) | - | (8) | 249 |
| (Loss) gain on asset sale <sup>1 & 2</sup> | (115) | 3169 | (115) | - | - | - | 3169 |
| Net unrealized gains on marketable equity securities | 1450 | 197 | 667 | 145 | 420 | 218 | 166 |
| Gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate | 402 | 187 | 133 | 121 | 83 | 65 | 39 |
| Fair value adjustment to loans held-for-sale <sup>3</sup> | (3462) | - | (398) | - | (3064) | - | - |
| Loss on sale of premises and equipment | (37) | (13) | (37) | - | - | - | - |
| Debit card interchange fees | 510 | 875 | 112 | 217 | 180 | 1 | 265 |
| Insurance agency revenue <sup>1</sup> | - | 1073 | - | - | - | - | 49 |
| Other charges, commissions & fees | 1011 | 1479 | 268 | 229 | 230 | 284 | 299 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total noninterest (loss) income | 2495 | 9561 | 1313 | 1503 | (1518) | 1197 | 4906 |
| Noninterest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Salaries and employee benefits | 18904 | 17810 | 4924 | 5005 | 4525 | 4450 | 4123 |
| Building and occupancy | 5313 | 4118 | 1337 | 1399 | 1230 | 1347 | 1254 |
| Data processing | 2672 | 2471 | 698 | 641 | 667 | 666 | 721 |
| Professional and other services | 2750 | 3686 | 657 | 709 | 778 | 606 | 608 |
| Advertising | 459 | 604 | 155 | 86 | 77 | 141 | 218 |
| FDIC assessments | 604 | 916 | 204 | 171 | - | 229 | 231 |
| Audits and exams | 475 | 539 | 169 | 132 | 60 | 114 | 123 |
| Amortization expense | 627 | 293 | 157 | 156 | 157 | 157 | 27 |
| Insurance agency expense <sup>1</sup> | - | 1281 | - | - | - | - | 456 |
| Community service activities | 70 | 130 | 21 | 10 | 28 | 11 | 19 |
| Foreclosed real estate expenses | 106 | 102 | 30 | 26 | 29 | 21 | 20 |
| Other expenses | 2601 | 2467 | 798 | 602 | 510 | 691 | 744 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total noninterest expense | 34581 | 34417 | 9150 | 8937 | 8061 | 8433 | 8544 |
| (Loss) income before provision for income taxes | (4093) | 5160 | (8521) | 672 | 38 | 3718 | 5751 |
| (Benefit) provision for income taxes | (676) | 332 | (1473) | 46 | 7 | 744 | 492 |
| Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest and Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. | (3417) | 4828 | (7048) | 626 | 31 | 2974 | 5259 |
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest <sup>1</sup> | - | 1445 | - | - | - | - | 1352 |
| Net (loss) income attributable to Pathfinder Bancorp Inc. | $(3417) | $3383 | $(7048) | $626 | $31 | $2974 | $3907 |
| Voting Earnings per common share - basic | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.12) | $0.10 | $- | $0.48 | $0.63 |
| Voting Earnings per common share - diluted <sup>4</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.11) | $0.10 | $- | $0.47 | $0.63 |
| Series A Non-Voting Earnings per common share- basic | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.12) | $0.10 | $- | $0.48 | $0.63 |
| Series A Non-Voting Earnings per common share- diluted <sup>4</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.11) | $0.10 | $- | $0.47 | $0.63 |
| Dividends per common share (Voting and Series A Non-Voting) | $0.40 | $0.40 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 |

---

<sup>1</sup>Although the Company owned 51% of its membership interest in FitzGibbons Agency, LLC ("Agency") the Company is required to consolidate 100% of the Agency within the consolidated financial statements. The Company sold its 51% membership interest in the Agency in October 2024.

<sup>2</sup> The Q4 2024 $3,169,000 consolidated gain on asset sale equals $1,616,000 associated with the Company's 51% interest in the Agency plus $1,553,000 associated with the 49% noncontrolling interest. The Q4 2025 $115,000 consolidated loss on asset sale represents final settlement costs related to the sale of the Agency.

<sup>3</sup> The loss reflects a valuation adjustment "Lower-of-cost-or-market" adjustment on loans held for sale to their estimated market value based on active sale negotiations.

<sup>4</sup> Diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2025 has been updated to $0.47, from the $0.41 reported previously.

The above information is unaudited and preliminary, based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q2** | **Q1** | **Q4** |
| **Selected Ratios:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Return on average assets | -0.23% | 0.23% | -1.95% | 0.17% | 0.01% | 0.81% | 1.07% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Return on average common equity | -2.71% | 2.75% | -21.90% | 1.98% | 0.10% | 9.64% | 12.85% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Return on average equity | -2.71% | 2.75% | -21.90% | 1.98% | 0.10% | 9.64% | 12.85% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Return on average tangible common equity <sup>1</sup> | -2.97% | 2.91% | -23.66% | 2.17% | 0.11% | 10.52% | 14.17% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net interest margin | 3.21% | 2.98% | 3.09% | 3.34% | 3.11% | 3.31% | 3.02% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Loans / deposits | 75.74% | 76.29% | 75.74% | 73.34% | 74.45% | 72.14% | 76.29% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Core deposits/deposits <sup>2</sup> | 79.78% | 76.86% | 79.78% | 78.37% | 78.47% | 78.31% | 76.86% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Annualized non-interest expense / average assets | 2.36% | 2.37% | 2.51% | 2.40% | 2.18% | 2.33% | 2.33% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Commercial real estate / risk-based capital <sup>3</sup> | 191.32% | 186.73% | 191.32% | 174.67% | 183.34% | 182.62% | 186.73% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Efficiency ratio <sup>1</sup> | 69.12% | 72.82% | 74.96% | 68.78% | 65.66% | 67.19% | 72.25% |
| **Other Selected Data:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Average yield on loans | 5.89% | 5.83% | 5.74% | 6.09% | 5.75% | 5.97% | 5.87% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Average cost of interest bearing deposits | 2.74% | 3.12% | 2.68% | 2.71% | 2.81% | 2.76% | 3.12% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Average cost of total deposits, including non-interest bearing | 2.30% | 2.63% | 2.24% | 2.28% | 2.37% | 2.29% | 2.59% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Deposits/branch | $98654 | $100377 | $98654 | $102090 | $101824 | $105373 | $100377 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Pre-tax, pre-provision net income <sup>1</sup> | $15447 | $12848 | $3056 | $4057 | $4216 | $4118 | $3282 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total revenue <sup>1</sup> | $50028 | $47265 | $12206 | $12994 | $12277 | $12551 | $11826 |
| **Share and Per Share Data:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Cash dividends per share | $0.40 | $0.40 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 | $0.10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Book value per common share | $19.56 | $19.83 | $19.56 | $20.46 | $20.17 | $20.33 | $19.83 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible book value per common share <sup>1</sup> | $17.87 | $18.03 | $17.87 | $18.75 | $18.43 | $18.56 | $18.03 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Basic weighted average shares outstanding - Voting | 4777 | 4714 | 4799 | 4790 | 4769 | 4749 | 4733 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Diluted weighted average shares outstanding - Voting | 4831 | 4714 | 4859 | 4842 | 4811 | 4819 | 4733 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Basic earnings per share - Voting <sup>4</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.12) | $0.10 | $- | $0.48 | $0.63 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Diluted earnings per share - Voting <sup>4 & 5</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.11) | $0.10 | $- | $0.47 | $0.63 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding - Series A Non-Voting | 1380 | 1380 | 1380 | 1380 | 1380 | 1380 | 1380 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Basic earnings per share - Series A Non-Voting <sup>4</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.12) | $0.10 | $- | $0.48 | $0.63 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Diluted earnings per share - Series A Non-Voting <sup>4 & 5</sup> | $(0.54) | $0.54 | $(1.11) | $0.10 | $- | $0.47 | $0.63 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Common shares outstanding at period end | 6186 | 6126 | 6186 | 6175 | 6168 | 6141 | 6126 |
| **Pathfinder Bancorp, Inc. Capital Ratios:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Company tangible common equity to tangible assets <sup>1</sup> | 7.81% | 7.54% | 7.81% | 7.92% | 7.61% | 7.68% | 7.54% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Company Total Core Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 15.43% | 15.66% | 15.43% | 15.81% | 15.97% | 15.89% | 15.66% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Company Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 12.15% | 12.00% | 12.15% | 12.17% | 12.31% | 12.24% | 12.00% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Company Tier 1 Common Equity (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 11.64% | 11.51% | 11.64% | 11.68% | 11.81% | 11.75% | 11.51% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Company Tier 1 Capital (to Assets) | 8.47% | 8.64% | 8.47% | 8.79% | 8.75% | 8.82% | 8.64% |
| **Pathfinder Bank Capital Ratios:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Bank Total Core Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 14.66% | 14.65% | 14.66% | 14.71% | 14.87% | 14.86% | 14.65% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Bank Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 13.39% | 13.40% | 13.39% | 13.45% | 13.62% | 13.61% | 13.40% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Bank Tier 1 Common Equity (to Risk-Weighted Assets) | 13.39% | 13.40% | 13.39% | 13.45% | 13.62% | 13.61% | 13.40% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Bank Tier 1 Capital (to Assets) | 9.36% | 9.64% | 9.36% | 9.72% | 9.68% | 9.80% | 9.64% |

---

<sup>1</sup> Non-GAAP financial metrics. See non-GAAP reconciliation included herein for the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

<sup>2</sup> Non-brokered deposits excluding certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more.

<sup>3</sup> Construction and development, multifamily, and non-owner occupied CRE loans as a percentage of Pathfinder Bank total capital.

<sup>4</sup> Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated based upon the two-class method. Weighted average shares outstanding do not include unallocated ESOP shares.

<sup>5</sup> Diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2025 has been updated to $0.47, from the $0.41 reported previously.

The above information is unaudited and preliminary, based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **ASSET QUALITY:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q2** | **Q1** | **Q4** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total loan charge-offs | $5042 | $10183 | $767 | $923 | $2844 | $508 | $1191 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total recoveries | 831 | 345 | 163 | 253 | 247 | 168 | 171 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net loan charge-offs | 4211 | 9838 | 604 | 670 | 2597 | 340 | 1020 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Allowance for credit losses at period end | 29436 | 17243 | 29436 | 18654 | 15983 | 17407 | 17243 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Nonperforming loans at period end | 27561 | 22084 | 27561 | 23305 | 11689 | 13232 | 22084 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Nonperforming assets at period end | $27698 | $22084 | $27698 | $23442 | $11772 | $13232 | $22084 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Annualized net loan charge-offs to average loans | 0.46% | 1.09% | 0.27% | 0.30% | 1.14% | 0.15% | 0.44% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Allowance for credit losses to period end loans | 3.28% | 1.88% | 3.28% | 2.08% | 1.76% | 1.91% | 1.88% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans | 106.80% | 78.08% | 106.80% | 80.04% | 136.74% | 131.55% | 78.08% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Nonperforming loans to period end loans | 3.07% | 2.40% | 3.07% | 2.59% | 1.28% | 1.45% | 2.40% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Nonperforming assets to period end assets | 1.94% | 1.50% | 1.94% | 1.59% | 0.78% | 0.88% | 1.50% |

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **LOAN COMPOSITION:** | **December 31,** | **September 30,** | **June 30,** | **March 31,** | **December 31,** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;1-4 family first-lien residential mortgages | $239692 | $238975 | $240833 | $243854 | $251373 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Residential construction | 2039 | 1406 | 3520 | 3162 | 4864 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Commercial real estate | 380311 | 371683 | 381575 | 381479 | 377619 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Commercial lines of credit | 75371 | 79021 | 75487 | 65074 | 67602 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other commercial and industrial | 81210 | 86687 | 85578 | 91644 | 89800 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Paycheck protection program loans | 63 | 74 | 85 | 96 | 113 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tax exempt commercial loans | 6716 | 6229 | 6349 | 4446 | 4544 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Home equity and junior liens | 49783 | 50106 | 49339 | 52315 | 51948 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other consumer | 62825 | 65694 | 68439 | 71681 | 72710 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Subtotal loans | 898010 | 899875 | 911205 | 913751 | 920573 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred loan fees | (1340) | (1355) | (1482) | (1601) | (1587) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total loans | $896670 | $898520 | $909723 | $912150 | $918986 |

---

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **DEPOSIT COMPOSITION:** | **December 31,** | **September 30,** | **June 30,** | **March 31,** | **December 31,** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Savings accounts | $122669 | $123958 | $129252 | $129898 | $128753 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Time accounts | 314394 | 333211 | 341063 | 349673 | 360716 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Time accounts in excess of $250,000 | 137529 | 143026 | 144355 | 149922 | 142473 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Money management accounts | 9540 | 9539 | 9902 | 10774 | 11583 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;MMDA accounts | 285564 | 298653 | 278919 | 306281 | 239016 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Demand deposit interest-bearing | 110807 | 115274 | 120083 | 109941 | 101080 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Demand deposit noninterest-bearing | 196377 | 196299 | 191732 | 203314 | 213719 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Mortgage escrow funds | 6968 | 5121 | 6581 | 4677 | 7184 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total deposits | $1183848 | $1225081 | $1221887 | $1264480 | $1204524 |

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The above information is unaudited and preliminary, based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCES:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q4** |
| Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Loans | $909683 | $903941 | $904977 | $906759 | $920855 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Taxable investment securities | 420838 | 423475 | 400605 | 431227 | 412048 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tax-exempt investment securities | 34136 | 30861 | 33786 | 33980 | 34918 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Fed funds sold and interest-earning deposits | 14984 | 16379 | 19963 | 16866 | 5115 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest-earning assets | 1379641 | 1374656 | 1359331 | 1388832 | 1372936 |
| Noninterest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other assets | 115346 | 102582 | 113409 | 114837 | 112654 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Allowance for credit losses | (17277) | (16670) | (18764) | (15595) | (17145) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities | (9357) | (9769) | (6723) | (9949) | (8534) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total assets | $1468353 | $1450799 | $1447253 | $1478125 | $1459911 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;NOW accounts | $115555 | $101336 | $116184 | $120696 | $102862 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Money management accounts | 10233 | 11679 | 9636 | 10105 | 11371 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;MMDA accounts | 282650 | 227597 | 298510 | 276599 | 257429 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Savings and club accounts | 127414 | 118965 | 122533 | 127696 | 128169 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Time deposits | 485975 | 517352 | 465032 | 490735 | 504008 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Subordinated loans | 30179 | 30002 | 30192 | 30225 | 30076 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Borrowings | 64489 | 114471 | 52125 | 73556 | 68391 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest-bearing liabilities | 1116495 | 1121402 | 1094212 | 1129612 | 1102306 |
| Noninterest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Demand deposits | 196353 | 184572 | 194277 | 192982 | 206521 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other liabilities | 29589 | 21924 | 30037 | 29320 | 29491 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities | 1342437 | 1327898 | 1318526 | 1351914 | 1338318 |
| Shareholders' equity | 125916 | 122901 | 128727 | 126211 | 121593 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities & shareholders' equity | $1468353 | $1450799 | $1447253 | $1478125 | $1459911 |

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **SELECTED AVERAGE YIELDS:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q4** |
| Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Loans | 5.89% | 5.83% | 5.74% | 6.09% | 5.87% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Taxable investment securities | 4.97% | 5.42% | 4.76% | 4.96% | 5.32% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tax-exempt investment securities | 5.00% | 6.22% | 4.56% | 5.36% | 5.10% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Fed funds sold and interest-earning deposits | 3.00% | 4.84% | 3.25% | 3.11% | 6.41% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest-earning assets | 5.56% | 5.70% | 5.38% | 5.68% | 5.69% |
| Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;NOW accounts | 1.10% | 1.10% | 1.08% | 1.02% | 1.19% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Money management accounts | 0.12% | 0.11% | 0.17% | 0.12% | 0.11% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;MMDA accounts | 3.12% | 3.52% | 2.99% | 3.20% | 3.23% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Savings and club accounts | 0.25% | 0.26% | 0.24% | 0.26% | 0.26% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Time deposits | 3.61% | 4.07% | 3.57% | 3.55% | 4.25% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Subordinated loans | 6.53% | 6.55% | 7.00% | 6.43% | 6.52% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Borrowings | 3.66% | 4.29% | 3.74% | 3.77% | 4.89% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total interest-bearing liabilities | 2.89% | 3.33% | 2.85% | 2.88% | 3.32% |
| Net interest rate spread | 2.67% | 2.37% | 2.53% | 2.80% | 2.37% |
| Net interest margin | 3.21% | 2.98% | 3.09% | 3.34% | 3.02% |
| Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | 123.57% | 122.58% | 124.23% | 122.95% | 124.55% |

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The above information is unaudited and preliminary based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Years Ended December 31,** | **Years Ended December 31,** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS:** | **2025** | **2024** | **Q4** | **Q3** | **Q2** | **Q1** | **Q4** |
| Tangible book value per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total equity |  |  | $120967 | $126339 | $124413 | $124896 | $121483 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Intangible assets |  |  | (10418) | (10574) | (10731) | (10888) | (11045) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) |  |  | 110549 | 115765 | 113682 | 114008 | 110438 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Common shares outstanding |  |  | 6186 | 6175 | 6168 | 6144 | 6126 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible book value per common share (non-GAAP) |  |  | $17.87 | $18.75 | $18.43 | $18.56 | $18.03 |
| Tangible common equity to tangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) |  |  | $110549 | $115765 | $113682 | $114008 | $110438 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible assets |  |  | 1414734 | 1461694 | 1494388 | 1484449 | 1463829 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (non-GAAP) |  |  | 7.81% | 7.92% | 7.61% | 7.68% | 7.54% |
| Return on average tangible common equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Average shareholders' equity | $125916 | $122901 | $128727 | $126211 | $125225 | $123438 | $121589 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Average intangible assets | 10754 | 6468 | 10520 | 10677 | 10834 | 10991 | 11907 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Average tangible equity (non-GAAP) | 115162 | 116433 | 118207 | 115534 | 114391 | 112447 | 109682 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net (loss) income | (3417) | 3383 | (7048) | 626 | 31 | 2974 | 3907 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net (loss) income, annualized | $(3417) | $3383 | $(27962) | $2511 | $124 | $11831 | $15543 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) <sup>1</sup> | -2.97% | 2.91% | -23.66% | 2.17% | 0.11% | 10.52% | 14.17% |
| Revenue, pre-tax, pre-provision net income, and efficiency ratio: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net interest income | $44335 | $40989 | $10510 | $11600 | $10814 | $11411 | $10377 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Total noninterest income | 2495 | 9561 | 1313 | 1503 | (1518) | 1197 | 4906 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Net realized (losses) gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities | (23) | (71) | (3) | (12) | - | (8) | 249 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Gains on sales of loans and foreclosed real estate | 402 | 187 | 133 | 121 | 83 | 65 | 39 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Fair value adjustment to loans held-for-sale <sup>2</sup> | (3462) | - | (398) | - | (3064) | - | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Loss) gain on asset sale | (115) | 3169 | (115) | - | - | - | 3169 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Revenue (non-GAAP) <sup>3</sup> | 50028 | 47265 | 12206 | 12994 | 12277 | 12551 | 11826 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total non-interest expense | 34581 | 34417 | 9150 | 8937 | 8061 | 8433 | 8544 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pre-tax, pre-provision net income (non-GAAP) <sup>4</sup> | $15447 | $12848 | $3056 | $4057 | $4216 | $4118 | $3282 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Efficiency ratio (non-GAAP) <sup>5</sup> | 69.12% | 72.82% | 74.96% | 68.78% | 65.66% | 67.19% | 72.25% |

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<sup>1</sup> Return on average tangible common equity equals annualized net income (loss) divided by average tangible equity

<sup>2</sup> The loss reflects a valuation adjustment "Lower-of-cost-or-market" adjustment on loans held for sale to the estimated market value based on sale negotiation terms.

<sup>3</sup> Revenue equals net interest income plus total noninterest income less net realized gains or losses on sales and redemptions of investment securities, sales of loans and foreclosed real estate, and gains/(losses) on sales of assets

<sup>4</sup> Pre-tax, pre-provision net income equals revenue less total non-interest expense

<sup>5</sup> Efficiency ratio equals noninterest expense divided by revenue

The above information is unaudited and preliminary based on the Company's data available at the time of presentation.

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