# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0002016337
**File Stem:** 0001213900-25-108453
**Filing Date:** 2025-11
**Character Count:** 880247
**Document Hash:** faa72afa57536deba67c5ebeb37c4429
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001213900-25-108453.hdr.sgml**: 20251112

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001213900-25-108453

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: F-3

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 27

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20251112

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20251110

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** PTL Ltd
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0002016337
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** WHOLESALE-PETROLEUM & PETROLEUM PRODUCTS (NO BULK STATIONS) [5172]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 07 Trade & Services
- **EIN:** 000000000

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** F-3
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-291441
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251468057

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** ROOM 1112, 11/F, CC WU BUILDING
- **STREET 2:** 302-8 HENNESSY ROAD, WAN CHAI
- **CITY:** HONG KONG
- **STATE:** K3
- **ZIP:** 00000
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 00852 23593388

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** ROOM 1112, 11/F, CC WU BUILDING
- **STREET 2:** 302-8 HENNESSY ROAD, WAN CHAI
- **CITY:** HONG KONG
- **STATE:** K3
- **ZIP:** 00000

**As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on November 10, 2025**

**Registration No. 333-** 

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, DC 20549**

**FORM F-3**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933**

**PTL LIMITED**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **British Virgin Islands** | **N/A** | **Not Applicable** |
| (State or other jurisdiction | (Translation of Registrant's Name | (I.R.S. Employer |
| of incorporation or organization) | into English) | Identification No.) |

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**21 Bukit Batok Crescent**

**#24-71, WCEGA Tower**

**Singapore 658065**

**Tel: +65 90573550**

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

**Cogency Global Inc.**

**122 East 42<sup>nd</sup> Street, 18<sup>th</sup> Floor**

**New York, NY 10168**

(Name, address including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

*Copies to:*

**William S. Rosenstadt, Esq.**

**Mengyi "Jason" Ye, Esq.**

**Yarona L. Yieh, Esq.**

**Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP**

**366 Madison Avenue, 3<sup>rd</sup> Floor**

**New York, NY 10017**

**Tel: +1 (212) 588-0022**

**Fax: +1 (212) 826-9307**

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement as determined by the registrant.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

† The term "new or
 revised financial accounting standard" refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting
 Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

**This registration statement shall hereafter become effective in accordance with the provisions of section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933.** 

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS** | **SUBJECT TO COMPLETION** | **DATED NOVEMBER 10, 2025** |

---

**PTL LIMITED**

**$100,000,000**

**Class A Ordinary Shares**

**Share Purchase Contracts**

**Share Purchase Units**

**Warrants**

**Debt Securities**

**Rights**

**Units**

We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings, Class A ordinary shares with no par value ("Class A Ordinary Shares"), share purchase contracts, share purchase units, warrants, debt securities, rights or units, which we collectively refer to as the "securities". The aggregate initial offering price of the securities that we may offer and sell under this prospectus will not exceed $100,000,000.

We may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in different series, at times, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at, or prior to, the time of each offering. This prospectus describes the general terms of these securities and the general manner in which these securities will be offered. We will provide the specific terms of these securities in supplements to this prospectus. The prospectus supplements will also describe the specific manner in which these securities will be offered and may also supplement, update or amend information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement before you invest.

We may offer and sell the securities from time to time at fixed prices, at market prices, or at negotiated prices, to or through underwriters, to other purchasers, through agents, or through a combination of these methods. If any underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such underwriters and any applicable commissions or discounts will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The offering price of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement. See "Plan of Distribution" elsewhere in this prospectus for a more complete description of the ways in which the securities may be sold.

Our Class A Ordinary Shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "PTLE." On November 5, 2025, the closing price of our Class A Ordinary Shares as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market was $0.24. During the year immediately prior to the date of this prospectus, the high and low closing prices were US$15.78 and US$0.14 per Class A Ordinary Share, respectively. We have recently experienced price volatility in our share price. See "Risk Factors - Risks Relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares and this Offering - *We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares*" on page 46 of this prospectus and as set forth in our Annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2025 (the "2024 Annual Report").

The aggregate market value of our outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares held by non-affiliates or public float, as of the date of this prospectus, was approximately $6,297,000, which was calculated based on 26,237,500 Class A Ordinary Shares held by non-affiliates and the per share price of $0.24, which was the closing price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq on November 5, 2025. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.5 of Form F-3, in no event will we sell the securities covered hereby in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of the aggregate market value of our Class A Ordinary Shares in any 12-month period so long as the aggregate market value of our outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares held by non-affiliates remains below US$75,000,000. During the 12 calendar months prior to and including the date of this prospectus, we have not offered or sold any securities during the period pursuant to General Instruction I.B.5 of Form F-3.

Unless otherwise specified in an applicable prospectus supplement, our share purchase contracts, share purchase units, warrants, debt securities, rights and units will not be listed on any securities or stock exchange or on any automated dealer quotation system.

**PTL Limited, or PTL, is a holding company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands ("BVI"). As a holding company with no material operations, PTL conducts all of its operations through its operating entity, Petrolink Energy Limited (the "Operating Subsidiary"), a company incorporated in Hong Kong. Investors in our Class A Ordinary Shares should be aware that they will not and may never directly hold equity interests in the Operating Subsidiary, but rather purchase equity solely in PTL, the BVI holding company. This structure involves unique risks to the investors, and the PRC regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities PTL is registering for sale, including that such event could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. Furthermore, shareholders may face difficulties enforcing their legal rights under United States securities laws against our directors and officers who are located outside of the United States. See "Prospectus Summary -- Corporate History and Structure."**

**All of our operations are conducted by our wholly-owned Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, which is a special administrative region of the PRC. We currently do not have any operations in Mainland China. We do not have any operation or maintain an office or personnel in Mainland China, nor currently do we have, nor intend to have, any contractual arrangements to establish a variable interest entity ("VIE") structure with any entity in Mainland China. However, since (1) our operations are located in Hong Kong, which is a special administrative region of the PRC, and (2) some of our customers are Mainland China companies, Mainland China individuals, or companies that have shareholders or directors that are Mainland China individuals, we are subject to certain legal and operational risks associated with our Operating Subsidiary being based in Hong Kong, and the legal and operational risks associated with operating in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong. We may be subject to unique risks due to the uncertainty of the interpretation and the application of the PRC laws and regulations, including but not limited to cybersecurity, data security, and the oversight and control over overseas securities offerings by the PRC government. We are also subject to the risks of uncertainty about any future actions of the PRC government or authorities in Hong Kong in this regard. The PRC government may intervene or influence the current and future operations in Hong Kong at any time, or may exert more oversight and control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in issuers like us. Such governmental actions:**

● **could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares;** 

● **could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to continue our operations;** 

● **could significantly limit or hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors; and** 

● **may cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.** 

The PRC regulatory authorities could disallow this structure, which would likely result in a material change in the operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or become worthless. See "Item 3. Key Information—3.D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in Hong Kong" and "Item 3. Key Information—3.D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure" in the 2024 Annual Report and this prospectus.

**This is an offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares of PTL Limited, the holding company in the British Virgin Islands that does not conduct operations of its own. Investors in this offering may never directly hold any equity interests in its Operating Subsidiary that primarily conduct operations in Hong Kong.**

Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read and consider the "Risk Factors" section of this prospectus, and the risk factors set forth in our 2024 Annual Report, in other reports incorporated herein by reference, and in the applicable prospectus supplement before you make your investment decision.

The Company received a written notification on July 18, 2025, from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC regarding the Company's failure to comply with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), which requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of US$1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days (the "Minimum Bid Price Requirement"), as well as Rule 5550(b)(2), which requires a company to maintain the minimum market value of listed securities (the "MVLS") of US$35 million for continued listing of the Company's Class A Ordinary Shares of no par value each on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the "MLVS Requirement"). The Company had been granted a 180-day extension until January 14, 2026, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Minimum Bid Price Requirement and MLVS requirement. The Company intends to monitor its market value of publicly held shares between now and January 14, 2026, and intends to cure the deficiency within the prescribed grace period. During this time, the Company expects that its Class A Ordinary Shares will continue to be listed and traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If the Company does not regain compliance by the Compliance Deadline, the Company will receive further written notification from Nasdaq that its securities are subject to delisting. At that time, the Company may qualify for additional time or appeal the delisting determination to a hearing panel. For more information, see "Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares — *If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the continued listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them*" on page 50, "Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares — *The market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares has recently declined significantly, and our Class A Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq or trading could be suspended*" on page 47, and "Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Class A Ordinary Shares — *In the event that our Class A Ordinary Shares are delisted from Nasdaq, U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in our Class A Ordinary Shares because they may be considered penny stocks and thus be subject to the penny stock rules*" on page 47 of this prospectus.

We are aware that, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over China-based companies listed overseas using variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. See "Prospectus Summary — Recent Regulatory Development in the PRC." Since these statements and regulatory actions are new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our Operating Subsidiary's daily business operation, their ability to accept foreign investments and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges. These actions could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors.

On February 17, 2023, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the "CSRC") promulgated the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the "Trial Measures") and five supporting guidelines, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. According to the Trial Measures, among other requirements, (1) domestic companies that seek to offer or list securities overseas, both directly and indirectly, should fulfil the filing procedures with the CSRC; if a domestic company fails to complete the filing procedures, such domestic company may be subject to administrative penalties; (2) where a domestic company seeks to indirectly offer and list securities in an overseas market, the issuer shall designate a major domestic operating entity responsible for all filing procedures with the CSRC, and such filings shall be submitted to the CSRC within three business days after the submission of the overseas offering and listing application.

Furthermore, on February 24, 2023, the CSRC revised the Provisions on Strengthening the Management of Confidentiality and Archives Related to the Overseas Issuance of Securities and Overseas Listing by Domestic Companies which were issued in 2009, or the Archives Rules. The revised Archives Rules came into effect on March 31, 2023 together with the Trial Measures. The revised Archives Rules expand their application to cover indirect overseas offering and listing, by stipulating that a domestic company which plans to publicly disclose or provide to relevant individuals or entities, including securities companies, securities service providers and overseas regulators, any documents and materials containing state secrets or working secrets of government agencies, shall first obtain approval from competent authorities according to law, and file with the secrecy administrative department at the same level.

According to Article 18 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the "Basic Law"), national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong, except for those listed in Annex III to the Basic Law, such as the laws relating to the national flag, national anthem, and diplomatic privileges and immunities. Further, there is no legislation mandating that the laws in Hong Kong shall be in line with those in the PRC. Despite the foregoing, the legal and operational risks that arise from operating in Mainland China also apply to businesses operating in Hong Kong and Macau.

However, there remains uncertainty as to how the Draft Measures, the Trial Measures and the Draft Rules Regarding Overseas Listing will be interpreted or implemented and whether the PRC regulatory agencies, including the Cyberspace Administration of China (the "CAC") and CSRC. It is also possible that new PRC laws, regulations, rules, or detailed implementation and interpretation related to the Trial Measures may be adopted in the future, which could impact businesses operating in Hong Kong and Macau that engage in activities covered by these measures. As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, as of the date of this prospectus, based on PRC laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus and subject to interpretations of these laws and regulations that may be adopted by Mainland China authorities, neither we, nor our Operating Subsidiary were required to obtain any permissions or approvals from PRC authorities for our completed initial public offering, our continued listing in the U.S., and to issue our Class A Ordinary Shares to foreign investors, including the CAC or the CSRC because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; and (ii) our Operating Subsidiary was established and operate in Hong Kong, which is not a "domestic company" for the purposes of the Trial Measures, and (iii) businesses conducted by our Operating Subsidiary are not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC. As of the date of this prospectus, neither the CAC, the CSRC nor any other PRC regulatory agency or administration has contacted the Company in connection with the Company's or its subsidiary's operations or this offering. Therefore, the Company or its subsidiary is currently not required to obtain regulatory approval from the CAC, CSRC nor any other PRC authorities for its and its subsidiary's operations in Hong Kong and this offering. However, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, uncertainties still exist, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future. In the event that (i) the PRC government expands the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals; or (ii) we inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in Hong Kong and our ability and to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless. See "Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Doing Business in Hong Kong — *There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless."* on page 35.

Petrolink Energy Limited, our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong may collect and store certain data (including certain personal information) from our customers, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations and for "Know Your Customers" purposes. As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations will not have an impact on our business, operations or this offering, neither we or our Operating Subsidiary, are covered by permission requirements from the CAC that is required to approve our subsidiary's operations, as our Operating Subsidiary will not be deemed to be an "operator" or a "data processor" that are required to file for cybersecurity review before listing in the United States, because: (i) our Operating Subsidiary is incorporated in Hong Kong and operates in Hong Kong; and each of the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not clearly provide whether it shall be applied to the offering by a company like ours; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has in aggregate collected and stored personal information of less than one million individual in Mainland China and we have acquired the our customers' separate consents for collecting and storing of their personal information and data; (iii) all of the data of our customers that our Operating Subsidiary has collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; and (iv) as of the date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has not been informed by any PRC governmental authority of any requirement that it files for a cybersecurity review or a CSRC review. Moreover, pursuant to the Basic Law, PRC laws and regulations shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to national defense, foreign affairs and other matters that are not within the scope of autonomy). Based on Mainland China laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus and subject to interpretations of these laws and regulations that may be adopted by Mainland China authorities, neither we, nor our Operating Subsidiary, are currently required to obtain any permission or approval from the PRC authorities, including the CSRC and CAC, to operate our business, or for our initial public offering ("IPO") that was completed on October 17, 2024, and or any follow-on offerings of our securities. Therefore, no application to obtain permission or approval from the PRC authorities was required for our IPO, nor was any required for the offering as contemplated by this prospectus, and no permissions or approvals have been denied as of the date of this prospectus.

However, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, given the uncertainties arising from the legal system in Mainland China and Hong Kong, including uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and the significant authority of the PRC government to intervene or influence the offshore holding company headquartered in Hong Kong, we believe that there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of relevant Mainland China cybersecurity laws and other regulations. If the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations are adopted into law in the future and become applicable to our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, if our Operating Subsidiary is deemed to be an "Operator", or if the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) or the PRC Personal Information Protection Law become applicable to our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, the business operation of our Operating Subsidiary and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC's cybersecurity review or the CSRC Overseas Issuance and Listing review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our Operating Subsidiary becomes subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our Operating Subsidiary will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects and our current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. If we were required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future in connection with the continued listing of our securities on a stock exchange outside of the PRC, it is uncertain how long it will take for us to obtain such approval, and, even if we obtain such approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or a delay in obtaining the necessary permissions from the PRC authorities to conduct follow-on offerings or list outside of the PRC may subject us to sanctions imposed by the PRC regulatory authorities, which could include fines and penalties, proceedings against us, and other forms of sanctions, and our ability to conduct our business, invest into the Mainland China as foreign investments or accept foreign investments, ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors or of continued listing on the U.S. or other overseas exchange may be restricted, and the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares may significantly decline or be worthless, our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. See "Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Doing Business in Hong Kong — *If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless*." on page 38.

Although we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for the IPO or this offering, neither are we required to obtain regulatory approval regarding the data privacy and personal information requirements from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for ours and our Operating Subsidiary's operations in Hong Kong, we are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding data privacy and protection in Hong Kong. In particular, the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the laws of Hong Kong) ("PDPO") imposes a duty on any data user who, either alone or jointly with other persons, controls the collection, holding, processing or use of any personal data which relates directly or indirectly to a living individual and can be used to identify that individual in order to ensure personal data is collected on a fully-informed basis and in a fair manner, with due consideration towards minimizing the amount of personal data collected. Compliance with PDPO and any such other existing or future data privacy related laws, regulations and governmental orders by us may entail significant expenses as we have to process the data in a secured manner by enhancing the security of our IT system from time to time and ensure that all data are properly collected and used; and any breach of PDPO could materially affect our business.

**In addition, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the "HFCAA"), which prohibits foreign companies from listing their securities on U.S. exchanges if the Company's auditor has been unavailable for PCAOB inspection or investigation for three consecutive years, became law in December 2020. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a determination (the "Determination Report") that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely PCAOB-registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and in Hong Kong because of positions taken by authorities in those jurisdictions, and the PCAOB included in the Determination Report a list of the accounting firms that are headquartered in the PRC or Hong Kong. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it has secured complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate the previous 2021 Determination Report to the contrary. The SEC adopted final amendments to its rules to implement the HFCAA, which went into effect on January 20, 2022. As part of the SEC's final rules, identified issuers will need to provide additional disclosures in subsequent filings that prove the issuer is not owned or controlled by a governmental authority in the foreign jurisdiction of the audit firm identified by the PCAOB in the Determination Report.** 

**Our current auditor, FundCertify CPA Professional Corporation ("FundCertify"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Cary, North Carolina, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess FundCertify's compliance with applicable professional standards. FundCertify is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong. Our previous auditor, J&S Associate PLT ("J&S"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Malaysia, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess J&S's compliance with applicable professional standards. J&S is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong. In the event that it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely our current or previous auditor or our work papers because of a position taken by an authority in a foreign jurisdiction, then such lack of inspection could cause our securities to be delisted from the applicable stock exchange. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment.**

**Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the "AHFCAA"), which was enacted on December 29, 2022, and amended the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. On August 26, 2022, the CSRC, the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (the "MOF"), and the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol (the "Protocol") to allow the PCAOB to inspect and investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong, consistent with the HFCAA, and the PCAOB will be required to reassess its determinations by the end of 2022. Pursuant to the fact sheet with respect to the Protocol disclosed by the SEC, the PCAOB shall have independent discretion to select any issuer audits for inspection or investigation and has the unfettered ability to transfer information to the SEC. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB Board determined that the PCAOB was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate its previous determinations to the contrary. The PCAOB continues to demand complete access in Mainland China and Hong Kong moving forward and resumed regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond, as well as to continue pursuing ongoing investigations and initiate new investigations as needed. However, should PRC authorities obstruct or otherwise fail to facilitate the PCAOB's access in the future, the PCAOB Board will consider the need to issue a new determination. On December 29, 2022, the AHFCAA was enacted, which amended the HFCAA by decreasing the number of non-inspection years from three years to two, thus reducing the time period before our common stock may be prohibited from trading or delisted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate our auditor completely, then such lack of inspection could cause our securities to be delisted from the stock exchange.** See "Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Class A Ordinary Shares and This Offering — *Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the AHFCAA, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three."* on page 44.

PTL has no operations of its own. It conducts its operations in Hong Kong through our Operating Subsidiary. PTL may rely on dividends or payments to be paid by our Operating Subsidiary to fund its cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and U.S. investors, to service any debt we may incur, and to pay our operating expenses. If our Operating Subsidiary incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Cash is transferred through our organization in the following manner: (i) funds are transferred from PTL, our holding company incorporated in BVI, to our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, in the form of capital contributions or loans, as the case may be; and (ii) dividends or other distributions may be paid by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong to PTL.

There are no restrictions or limitations on our ability to distribute earnings from our subsidiaries, including our subsidiary in Hong Kong, to PTL and shareholders and the U.S. investors, provided that the entity remains solvent after such distribution. Subject to the BVI Act and our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, our board of directors may authorize and declare a dividend to shareholders at such time and of such an amount as it thinks fit, if it is satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately following the dividend payment the value of our assets will exceed our liabilities and PTL will be able to pay our debts as they become due. For the cash transfers between PTL and the Operating Subsidiary, and according to the BVI Act, a BVI company may make dividend distribution to the extent that immediately after the distribution, the value of the company's assets exceeds its liabilities, and the company is able to pay its debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance of Hong Kong, a Hong Kong company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. If any of PTL's subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing such debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends to PTL. Other than the above, we have not adopted, nor do we maintain, any cash management policies and procedures as of the date of this prospectus. Additionally, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no further BVI or Hong Kong statutory restrictions on the amount of funds that may be distributed by us by dividend. However, in the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or on our subsidiary's ability by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.

Furthermore, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no restrictions or limitations under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of Hong Kong dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor there is any restriction on foreign exchange to transfer cash between PTL and its subsidiaries, across borders and to U.S investors, nor there is any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from our business and subsidiaries, to PTL and U.S. investors and amounts owed. As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, the laws and regulations of the PRC do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash from PTL to the Operating Subsidiary or from the Operating Subsidiary to PTL, our shareholders and the U.S. investors. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless. For a more detailed discussion of how the cash is transferred within our organization, see "Summary — Transfers of cash to and from our subsidiary" and "Risk Factors — Risks relating to our corporate structure — *We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless*." on pages 4 and 42. See "Dividend Policy" on page 75 of the 2024 Annual Report for further details.

PTL, our BVI holding company, since its incorporation on December 29, 2023, has not declared or made any dividend or other distribution to its shareholders, including U.S. investors, in the past, nor have any dividends or distributions been made by our subsidiaries to the BVI holding company. Furthermore, no payments of any kind (including transfers, capital contributions and loans) have been made between PTL and its subsidiaries, or by the Operating Subsidiary to PTL. As of the date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has not declared any dividends to its then shareholders. We do not have any present plan to declare or pay any dividends on our Class A Ordinary Shares in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments.

**This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell our securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement. The information contained or incorporated in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, or such prospectus supplement, as applicable, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.**

**Investing in our securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read and consider the ''Risk Factors'' section of this prospectus, and risk factors set forth in our 2024 Annual Report, in other reports incorporated herein by reference, and in the applicable prospectus supplement before you make your investment decision.**

**Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, the British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.**

**The date of this prospectus is , 2025**

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Page** |
| [ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS](#a_001) | ii |
| [COMMONLY USED DEFINED TERMS](#a_002) | iii |
| [SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS](#a_003) | iv |
| [PROSPECTUS SUMMARY](#a_004) | 1 |
| [RISK FACTORS](#a_005) | 18 |
| [CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTNESS](#a_006) | 54 |
| [DILUTION](#a_007) | 55 |
| [USE OF PROCEEDS](#a_008) | 56 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL](#a_009) | 57 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS](#a_010) | 61 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES](#a_011) | 63 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF UNITS](#a_012) | 71 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF SHARE PURCHASE CONTRACTS AND SHARE PURCHASE UNITS](#a_013) | 72 |
| [DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS](#a_014) | 73 |
| [PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION](#a_015) | 74 |
| [TAXATION](#a_016) | 75 |
| [EXPENSES](#a_017) | 75 |
| [MATERIAL CONTRACTS](#a_018) | 75 |
| [MATERIAL CHANGES](#a_019) | 75 |
| [LEGAL MATTERS](#a_020) | 76 |
| [EXPERTS](#a_021) | 76 |
| [INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL](#a_022) | 76 |
| [ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES](#a_023) | 77 |
| [INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE](#a_024) | 78 |
| [WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION](#a_025) | 79 |

---

**You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any person to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus is not an offer to sell securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, as well as information we have previously filed with the SEC and incorporated by reference, is accurate as of the date on the front of those documents only. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.**

i

**ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS**

This prospectus is a part of a registration statement that we have filed with the SEC utilizing a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to an aggregate offering price of $100,000,000.

Each time we sell securities, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus that contains specific information about the securities being offered and the specific terms of that offering. The supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, you should rely on the prospectus supplement.

We may offer and sell securities to, or through, underwriting syndicates or dealers, through agents or directly to purchasers.

The prospectus supplement for each offering of securities will describe in detail the plan of distribution for that offering.

In connection with any offering of securities (unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement), the underwriters or agents may over-allot or effect transactions which stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities offered at a higher level than that which might exist in the open market. Such transactions, if commenced, may be interrupted or discontinued at any time. See "Plan of Distribution" on page 74 of this prospectus.

Please carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with the documents incorporated herein by reference under "Incorporation of Documents by Reference" and the additional information described below under "Where You Can Find More Information."

Prospective investors should be aware that the acquisition of the securities described herein may have tax consequences. You should read the tax discussion contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and consult your tax advisor with respect to your own particular circumstances.

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. The distribution or possession of this prospectus in or from certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus and any information incorporated by reference is accurate as of the date of the applicable document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of the securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

ii

**COMMONLY USED DEFINED TERMS**

Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to:

● "Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association" are to the memorandum and articles of association of PTL (as defined below), as amended on June 11, 2024;

● "BVI" are to the British Virgin Islands;

● "BVI Act" are to the BVI Business Companies Act, 2020 (as amended);

● "CAGR" are to compounded annual growth rate, the year-on-year growth rate over a specific period of time;

● "Class A Ordinary Shares" refers to the Class A ordinary shares of PTL (as defined below) of no par value;

● "Class B Ordinary Shares" refers to the Class B ordinary shares of PTL (as defined below) of no par value;

● "Controlling Shareholder" are to PTLE Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of British Virgin Islands;

● "FY2024," "FY2023," "6M2025," and "6M2024" are to fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively;

● "Hong Kong dollar(s)", or "HK$" are to the legal currency of Hong Kong;

● "Hong Kong" or "HK SAR" are to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China;

● "Mainland China" are to the mainland of the People's Republic of China; excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong and the Macau Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China for the purposes of this prospectus only;

● "MOPS" are to Mean of Platts Singapore, a common benchmark for pricing marine fuel that is widely used as a standard pricing model by industry participants in the Asia Pacific Region.

● "Operating Subsidiary" or "Petrolink Hong Kong" are to Petrolink Energy Limited, a company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong, and a wholly-owned subsidiary of PTL;

● "Ordinary Shares" are to Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares (as defined above);

● "Petrolink Singapore" are to Petrolink Energy Pte. Ltd., a company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of Singapore, and a wholly-owned subsidiary of PTL;

● "PRC" are to the People's Republic of China, including Hong Kong and the Macau Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China;

● "PRC government" are to the government and governmental authorities of Mainland China for the purposes of this prospectus only;

● "PTL" and "Company" refers to PTL Limited, a BVI business company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of BVI, and the holding company of our businesses;

● "SEC" are to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;

● "Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association" are to the current memorandum and articles of association of PTL (as defined below), as amended on June 18, 2025;

● "US$", "$", or "U.S. dollar(s)" are to the legal currency of the United States;

● "U.S.", or "United States" are to the United States of America;

● "U.S. GAAP" are to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States; and

● "We", "Group", "us", "or "our" refer to PTL Limited, the BVI holding company that will issue the Class A Ordinary Shares being offered, and its subsidiaries.

We have made rounding adjustments to some of the figures included in this prospectus. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in some tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that preceded them.

iii

**SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS**

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, including statements based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about us and our industry. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections entitled "Prospectus Summary," "Risk Factors," "Use of Proceeds," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Business." These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as "may," "will," "expect," "anticipate," "aim," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "potential," "continue," "is/are likely to" or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements included in this prospectus relate to, among others:

● future financial and operating results, including revenues, income, expenditures, cash balances and other financial items;

● our need to raise additional financing to fund daily operations and successfully grow;

● our ability to execute our growth, expansion and acquisition strategies, including our ability to meet our growth strategies;

● current and future economic and political conditions;

● expected changes in our revenues, costs or expenditures;

● the trends in, and size of, the bunkering market in the Asia Pacific;

● our expectations regarding demand for, and market acceptance of, our products and services;

● our expectations regarding our relationships with customers, suppliers, third-party service providers, strategic partners and other stakeholders;

● our expectations regarding our customer base;

● our ability to obtain, maintain or procure all necessary government certifications, approvals, and/or licenses to conduct our business, and in the relevant jurisdictions in which we operate;

● competition in our industry;

● relevant laws, regulations, and policies relating to the bunkering industry in the Asia Pacific;

● our capital requirements and our ability to raise any additional financing which we may require;

● our ability to hire and retain qualified management personnel and key employees;

● overall industry, economic and market performance;

● volatility of fuel prices and the effects of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and actions by, or disputes among or between, oil producing countries with respect to matters related to the price or production of oil; and

● the other factors described in "Risk Factors.".

This prospectus also contains certain market data relating to the bunkering industry in the Asia Pacific region that are based on industry publications and reports. This information involves a number of assumptions, estimates and limitations. These industry publications, surveys and forecasts generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. Nothing in such data should be construed as advice. We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in these industry publications and reports. The bunkering industry in the Asia Pacific region may not grow at the rates projected by market data, or at all. The failure of these markets to grow at the projected rates may have a material adverse effect on our business and the market price of the Class A Ordinary Shares. If any one or more of the assumptions underlying the market data turns out to be incorrect, actual results may differ from the projections based on these assumptions. In addition, projections, assumptions and estimates of our future performance and the future performance of the industry in which we operate is necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this prospectus and the documents that we have referred to in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

iv

**PROSPECTUS SUMMARY**

 

*This summary highlights selected information that is presented in greater detail elsewhere, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus. It does not contain all of the information that may be important to you and your investment decision. Before investing in the securities that the Company is offering, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the matters set forth under the section of this prospectus captioned "Risk Factors," "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and the financial statements and related notes and other information that we incorporate by reference herein, including, but not limited to, our 2024 Annual Report and other SEC reports.* 

 

*<u>Overview</u>*

**Our Company**

Headquartered in Hong Kong, we are an established bunkering facilitator providing marine fuel logistics services for vessel refueling, primarily container ships, bulk carriers, general cargo vessels, and chemical tankers. Targeting and serving the Asia Pacific market, we leverage our close relationships and partnership within our established network in the marine fuel logistic industry, including the upstream suppliers and downstream customers, to provide a one-stop solution for vessel refueling.

Through our Operating Subsidiary, Petrolink Energy Limited, we purchase marine fuel, including low sulfur fuel oil, high sulfur fuel oil and low sulfur marine gas oil, from our suppliers and arrange for our suppliers to deliver marine fuel to our customers directly. As the bunkering facilitator, our services mainly involve (i) facilitating the supply of fuel through our suppliers for the use by our customers' vessels at various ports along their voyages in the Asia Pacific region; (ii) arranging vessel refueling activities at competitive pricing to our customers; (iii) offering trade credit to our customers for vessel refueling; (iv) handling unforeseeable circumstances faced by our customers and providing contingency solutions to our customers; and (v) handling disputes, mainly in relation to quality and quantity issues on marine fuel, if any.

Our operations are conducted in Hong Kong and substantially all of our revenue has been generated by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. We do not require any permits and licenses for the operation of our business and, instead, we rely on the permits and licenses of our suppliers for the actual delivery of marine fuel at each port. Geographically, in terms of the delivery locations at which the marine fuel is delivered to our customers, nearly all of our revenue, 94%, 95%, 97% and 93.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively were generated by the marine fuel delivery to customers in Hong Kong ports. Other delivery locations include the United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, and mainland China, and all of the transactions for marine fuel delivery and vessel refueling activities in these locations have been booked through and concluded by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, nil, nil, nil and 0.6% of our revenue were generated by the marine fuel delivery to customers in the mainland China port, respectively, and none of these customers were mainland Chinese companies and all of such transactions are booked through and concluded in Hong Kong, instead of in mainland China.

For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, our customers mainly consist of end-users and trading houses. Our five largest customers, in aggregate, contributed 65.2%, 55.9%, 53.8% and 44.3% respectively to our revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Our revenue decreased by $6,717,914, or 13.4%, from $50,273,589 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $43,555,675 for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily because of the decrease in our sales volume of approximately 81,702 metric tons for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to approximately 79,055 metric tons for the six months ended June 30, 2025. We recorded a decrease in revenue from approximately $102,106,509 for the year ended December 31, 2023 to approximately $98,133,646 for the year ended December 31, 2024, representing a decrease of approximately 3.9%, while the volume of marine fuel supplied by us decreased from 163,738 metric tons for the year ended December 31, 2023 to approximately 160,994 metric tons for the year ended December 31, 2024. Our cost of revenue mainly represented the marine fuel cost and other costs mainly including the agency fee, barging fee, cancellation charges and survey fee. Our cost of revenue decreased by $6,124,910, or 12.5%, from $50,273,589 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 to $43,008,979 for the six months ended June 30, 2025, which was mainly due to the decrease in our marine fuel costs and in line with the decrease in our revenue. Our cost of revenue decreased by $4,464,824, or 4.5%, from $100,190,534 for the year ended December 31, 2023 to $95,725,710 for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was mainly due to the decrease in our marine fuel costs and in line with the decrease in our revenue.

**Competitive Strengths**

We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our success and differentiate us from our competitors:

● Proven track record and a reputation for smooth and reliable marine fuel logistics services

● Strong presence in Hong Kong with geographically diverse operations

● Strong relationships with suppliers; and

● Economies of scale as a bulk purchaser

**Business Strategies**

We plan to grow our business by upgrading our current operations and expand our operations to markets outside Hong Kong by pursuing the following business strategies:

● Enhancing our sales network globally and establishing our presence in Singapore;

● Acquisitions of bunkering tankers;

● Use our increased capital base to accelerate growth and enhance profitability;

● Establish risk hedging policy and mechanism; and

● Pursue strategic alliances and select acquisition opportunities.

**Corporate History and Structure**

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure, including our subsidiaries and consolidated affiliated entities, as of the date of this prospectus:

![](image_001.jpg)

PTL Limited ("PTL") was incorporated as a BVI business company with limited liability on December 29, 2023 under the laws of the BVI. In connection with the incorporation, on the same date of its incorporation, PTL Limited issued 1 Ordinary Share to its sole shareholder, PTLE Limited, at the consideration of US$1. On July 11, 2024, the Company effectuated a share split of its issued and outstanding shares at a ratio of 11,250,000 for one (the "Share Split"), so that there were 11,250,000 Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding post-Share Split. From a British Virgin Islands legal perspective, the Share Split does not have any retroactive effect on our shares prior to the effective date. However, references to our Ordinary Shares in this prospectus are presented on a post-Share Split basis, or as having been retroactively adjusted and restated to give effect to the Share Split, as if the Share Split had occurred by the relevant earlier date.

As of the date of this prospectus, PTL is authorized to issue unlimited ordinary shares with no par value, of which 26,237,500 Class A Ordinary Shares and 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares were currently issued and outstanding as of the date of the prospectus. PTL has no material operation of its own, and we conduct operations through its wholly-owned Operating Subsidiary, namely Petrolink Energy Limited.

Petrolink Energy Limited ("Petrolink Hong Kong") was incorporated on June 21, 2013, under the laws of Hong Kong. Petrolink Energy Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of PTL and is our main operating entity.

Petrolink Energy Pte. Ltd. ("Petrolink Singapore") was incorporated on February 5, 2024, under the laws of Singapore. Petrolink Singapore is a wholly owned subsidiary of PTL, for the purpose of establishing a representative office in Singapore to conduct marketing and sales support in Singapore. Since its incorporation, and as of the date of the prospectus, Petrolink Singapore has not had any operation.

**Recent Developments**

***Initial Public Offering***

On October 17, 2024, the Company completed its initial public offering of 1,250,000 Ordinary Shares at the initial public offering price of US$4.00 per Ordinary Share on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In addition, on October 15, 2024, we entered into an underwriting agreement with Dominari Securities LLC, who acted as the representative of the underwriters, pursuant to which the Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 187,500 Ordinary Shares to cover the over-allotments option, if any.

***Over-allotment Option Exercise***

Subsequent to the initial public offering, on November 6, 2024, the representative of the underwriters in the Company's initial public offering, Dominari Securities LLC, fully exercised its over-allotment option to purchase an additional 187,500 Ordinary Shares.

***The 2024 Equity Incentive Plans***

On December 30, 2024, the board of directors of the Company approved and adopted an equity incentive plan, which authorized a maximum number of 1,000,000 ordinary shares of the Company available for issuance to the directors, officers, managers, employees, consultants or advisors (and prospective directors, officers, managers, employees, consultants and advisors) of the Company and its affiliates. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has issued a total of 1,000,000 Ordinary Shares to five consultants of the Company.

***April 2025 Follow-on Offering***

On April 9, 2025, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the "Securities Purchase Agreements") with several investors named therein (the "Purchasers"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell, in a best effort offering (the "Offering"), a total of 23,800,000 Ordinary Shares at the price of $0.30 per Ordinary Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $7,140,000. The Securities Purchase Agreements contain customary representations and warranties and agreements of the Company and the Purchasers and customary indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The Offering closed on April 11, 2025.

***The Dual Class Structure***

On June 16, 2025, the Company convened its annual general meeting of shareholders, during which the shareholders of the Company adopted resolutions approving all of the proposals considered at the meeting. As a result, (i) all of the authorized and issued and outstanding ordinary shares with no par value each held by the then existing shareholders of the Company, except for the 11,250,000 ordinary shares held by PTLE Limited, were designated into Class A Ordinary Shares with no par value each, each having one (1) vote per share and the other rights attached to it as set out in the Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association on an one-for-one basis; (ii) the 11,250,000 authorized and issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares held by PTLE Limited into 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares, conferring the holder thereof fifty (50) votes per Class B Ordinary Share at a meeting of members of the Company or on any resolution of members and the other rights attached to it as set out in the Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association on a one for one basis, provided that no Class B Ordinary Shares shall be convertible into Class A Ordinary Shares; and (iii) the remaining authorized unlimited but unissued ordinary shares of single class into unlimited Class A Ordinary Shares and unlimited Class B Ordinary Shares.

**Transfers of Cash to and from Our Subsidiary**

PTL has no operations of its own. It conducts its operations in Hong Kong through our Operating Subsidiary. Petrolink Singapore is a wholly owned subsidiary of PTL, for the purpose of establishing a representative office in Singapore to conduct marketing and sales support in Singapore. Since its incorporation, and as of the date of the prospectus, Petrolink Singapore has not had any operation. PTL may rely on dividends or payments to be paid by our Operating Subsidiary to fund its cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and U.S. investors, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating expenses. If our Operating Subsidiary incurs debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Cash is transferred through our organization in the following manner: (i) funds are transferred from PTL, our holding company incorporated in the BVI, to our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, our intermediate holding company, in the form of capital contributions or loans, as the case may be; and (ii) dividends or other distributions may be paid by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong to PTL.

There is no restriction under the BVI Act on the amount of funding that PTL may provide to its subsidiary in Hong Kong (i.e., PTL to Operating Subsidiary) through loans or capital contributions, provided that such provision of funds is in the best interests of, and of commercial benefit to, PTL. The Operating Subsidiary is also permitted under the laws of Hong Kong, to provide funding to PTL, through dividend distributions or payments, without restrictions on the amount of the funds.

There are no restrictions or limitation on our ability to distribute earnings by dividends from our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong to the Company and our shareholders and U.S. investors, provided that the entity remains solvent after such distribution. Subject to the BVI Act and our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, our board of directors may, by resolutions of directors, authorize and declare a dividend to shareholders from time to time and of an amount they deem fit if they are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately after the distribution, the value of our assets will exceed our liabilities, and we will be able to satisfy our debts as they fall due. According to the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 622 of the Laws of Hong Kong), a company may only make a distribution out of profits available for distribution. Other than the above, we did not adopt or maintain any cash management policies and procedures as of the date of this prospectus.

Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us.

There are no restrictions or limitations under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of Hong Kong dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor is there any restriction on any foreign exchange to transfer cash between PTL and its subsidiary, across borders and to U.S. investors, nor there is any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from the subsidiary, to PTL and U.S. investors and amounts owed. See "Dividend Policy" on page 75 of the 2024 Annual Report for further details.

As further advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, the laws and regulations of the PRC do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash from PTL to the Operating Subsidiary or from the Operating Subsidiary to PTL, our shareholders and the U.S. investors. However, in the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or on our subsidiary's ability by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiary to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.

Furthermore, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measures could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless.

PTL, our BVI holding company, since its incorporation on December 29, 2023, has not declared or made any dividend or other distribution to its shareholders, including U.S. investors, in the past, nor have any dividends or distributions been made by our subsidiaries to the BVI holding company. Furthermore, no payments of any kind (including transfers, capital contributions and loans) have been made between PTL and its subsidiaries, or by the Operating Subsidiary to PTL. As of the date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has not declared any dividends to its then shareholders.

If we determine to pay dividends on any of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from our Operating Subsidiary by way of dividend payments. We do not have any present plan to declare or pay any dividends on our Class A Ordinary Shares in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, for the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors after considering our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual requirements, business prospects and other factors the board of directors deems relevant, and subject to the restrictions contained in any future financing instruments. See "Risk Factors — Risks related to our corporate structure *— We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.*" on page 42 for more information.

**Corporate Information**

Our principal executive offices are located at PTL Limited, 21 Bukit Batok Crescent #24-71, WCEGA Tower, Singapore 658065. Our telephone number at this address is +65 90573550. Our registered office and our registered agent's office in the BVI are both located at Corporate Registrations Limited of Sea Meadow House, (P.O. Box 116), Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Cogency Global Inc. located at 122 East 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10168. Investors should contact us for any inquiries through the address and telephone number of our principal executive offices. Our website is *www.petrolinkhk.com*. The information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus.

The SEC maintains an website at *http://www.sec.gov* that contains reports, information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. ****

**Implications of Being a Foreign Private Issuer**

We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). As such, we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies. For example:

● we are not required to provide as many Exchange Act reports, or as frequently, as a domestic public company;

● for interim reporting, we are permitted to comply solely with our home country requirements, which are less rigorous than the rules that apply to domestic public companies;

● we are not required to provide the same level of disclosure on certain issues, such as executive compensation;

● we are exempt from provisions of Regulation FD aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information;

● we are not required to comply with the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; and

● we are not required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any "short-swing" trading transaction.

Furthermore, Nasdaq Rule 5615(a)(3) provides that a foreign private issuer, such as us, may rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules in the Nasdaq Rule 5600 Series and Rule 5250(d), provided that we nevertheless comply with Nasdaq's Notification of Noncompliance requirement (Rule 5625), the Voting Rights requirement (Rule 5640) and that we have an audit committee that satisfies Rule 5605(c)(3), consisting of committee members that meet the independence requirements of Rule 5605(c)(2)(A)(ii). If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.

We are required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each financial year. As a foreign private issuer, we are not generally required to provide quarterly financial information to the shareholders. However, we are required to file an interim balance sheet and income statement as of the end of our second quarter. These interim financial statements are not required to reconcile to US GAAP, but they must be provided no later than six months following the end of our second quarter. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely than that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. A foreign private issuer that follows a home country practice in lieu of one or more of the listing rules is required to disclose in its annual reports filed with the SEC each requirement that it does not follow and describe the home country practice followed by the issuer in lieu of such requirements. If we rely on our home country corporate governance practices in lieu of certain of the rules of Nasdaq, our shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. If we choose to do so, we may utilize these exemptions for as long as we continue to qualify as a foreign private issuer. Although we are permitted to follow certain corporate governance rules that conform to BVI requirements in lieu of many of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules, we intend to comply with the Nasdaq corporate governance rules applicable to foreign private issuers.

**Permission required from Hong Kong and PRC authorities**

We have been advised by David Fong & Co., our counsel as to the laws of Hong Kong, that based on their understanding of the current Hong Kong laws, as of the date of this prospectus, PTL and our Operating Subsidiary are not required to obtain any permissions or approvals from Hong Kong authorities before listing in the United States and issuing our Class A Ordinary Shares to foreign investors. No such permissions or approvals have been applied for by the Company and/or its subsidiaries or denied by any relevant authorities. As of the date of this prospectus, apart from business registration certificates, PTL and our Operating Subsidiary are not required to obtain any permission or approval from Hong Kong authorities to operate our business. Our Hong Kong Operating Subsidiary has received all requisite permissions or approvals from the Hong Kong authorities to operate their business in Hong Kong, including but not limited to their business registration certificates.

As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, as of the date of this prospectus, based on PRC laws and regulations effective as of the date of this prospectus, the Company is not required to obtain permissions or approvals from any PRC authorities before listing in the United States, including the filings under the Trial Measure, and to issue our Class A Ordinary Shares to foreign investors or operate our business as currently conducted, including the CSRC, the CAC, or any other governmental agency that is required to approve our operations, because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation; and (ii) our Operating Subsidiary was established and operates in Hong Kong and is not included in the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC. As further advised by China Commercial Law Firm, PTL and our Operating Subsidiary, are not required to obtain any permissions or approvals from any Chinese authorities to operate their business as of the date of this prospectus. No permissions or approvals have been applied for by us or denied by any relevant authority.

In the event that the operation of us or our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiary and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong and PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.

However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. Uncertainties still exit, due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in Hong Kong could change rapidly in the future. In the event that the operation of us or our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiary and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong and PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.

In the event that (i) the PRC government expanded the categories of industries and companies whose foreign securities offerings are subject to review by the CSRC or the CAC and that we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals, (ii) we inadvertently concluded that relevant permissions or approvals were not required or that we did not receive or maintain relevant permissions or approvals required, or (iii) applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and require us to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we may face regulatory risks as those operated in Mainland China, including the ability to offer securities to investors, list their securities on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges, conduct their business or accept foreign investment or sanctions by the CSRC, the CAC, or other PRC regulatory agencies. Any action taken by the PRC government could significantly limit or completely hinder our operations in Hong Kong and our ability and to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

**Regulatory Development in the PRC**

We are a holding company incorporated in the BVI with all of the operations conducted by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. We currently do not have, nor do we currently intend to establish, any subsidiary nor do we plan to enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a VIE structure with any entity in Mainland China.

Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, which serves as Hong Kong's constitution. The Basic Law provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of "one country, two systems". Accordingly, we believe that the PRC laws and regulations on cybersecurity, data security, and the oversight and control over overseas securities offerings do not currently have any material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future.

We are aware that, in recent years, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over Mainland China-based companies listed overseas using a variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. This indicated the PRC government's intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Mainland China-based issuers. Since these statements and regulatory actions are relatively new, it is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation-making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our daily business operation, its ability to accept foreign investments, and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. or other foreign exchanges. These actions could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares and could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors.

*Cybersecurity review*

On August 20, 2021, the 30<sup>th</sup> meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13<sup>th</sup> National People's Congress voted and passed the "Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", or "PRC Personal Information Protection Law", which became effective on November 1, 2021. The PRC Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information of natural persons within the territory of Mainland China that is carried out outside of Mainland China where (i) such processing is for the purpose of providing products or services for natural persons within Mainland China, (ii) such processing is to analyze or evaluate the behavior of natural persons within Mainland China, or (iii) there are any other circumstances stipulated by related laws and administrative regulations.

On December 24, 2021, the CSRC together with other relevant government authorities in Mainland China issued the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments), and the Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments) ("Draft Overseas Listing Regulations"). The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations require that Overseas Issuance and Listing shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to the CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing include direct and indirect issuance and listing. Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in Mainland China seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an Overseas Issuer on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant Mainland China domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.

On December 28, 2021, the CAC jointly with the relevant authorities formally published the Measures which took effect on February 15, 2022 and replaced the former Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2020) issued on July 10, 2021. The Measures provide that operators of critical information infrastructure purchasing network products and services, and online platform operators carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security (together with the operators of critical information infrastructure, the "Operators"), shall conduct a cybersecurity review, and that any online platform operator who controls more than one million users' personal information must go through a cybersecurity review by the cybersecurity review office if it seeks to be listed in a foreign country. The publication of the Measures expands the application scope of the cybersecurity review to cover data processors and indicates greater oversight by the CAC over data security, which may impact our business and this offering in the future.

Our Operating Subsidiary may collect and store data (including certain personal information) from their customers, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations and for "Know Your Customers" purposes (to combat money laundering). As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we do not expect the Measures to have an impact on our business, operations or this offering, given that (i) our Operating Subsidiary is incorporated in Hong Kong (ii) we have no subsidiary, VIE structure nor any direct operations in Mainland China, and (iii) pursuant to the Basic Law, which is a national law of the PRC and the constitutional document for Hong Kong, national laws of the Mainland China shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to defense and foreign affairs, as well as other matters outside the autonomy of Hong Kong). As further advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we believe that our Operating Subsidiary will not be deemed to be an "Operator" required to file for cybersecurity review before listing in the United States, because (i) our Operating Subsidiary was incorporated in Hong Kong and operates in Hong Kong without any subsidiary or VIE structure in Mainland China and each of the Measures, the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations do not clearly provide whether it shall be applied to a company based in Hong Kong; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has in aggregate collected and stored personal information of less than one million users; (iii) all of the data our Operating Subsidiary has collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; and (iv) as of the date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has not been informed by any PRC governmental authority of any requirement that it files for a cybersecurity review or a CSRC review. Therefore, we do not believe we are covered by the permission requirements from CSRC or CAC.

*Data Security Law*

The PRC Data Security Law (the "Data Security Law" or "DSL"), which was promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on June 10, 2021 and took effect on September 1, 2021, requires data collection to be conducted in a legitimate and proper manner, and stipulates that, for the purpose of data protection, data processing activities must be conducted based on data classification and hierarchical protection system for data security. According to Article 2 of the Data Security Law, DSL applies to data processing activities within the territory of Mainland China as well as data processing activities conducted outside the territory of Mainland China which jeopardize the national interest or the public interest of PRC or the rights and interest of any PRC organization and citizens. Any entity failing to perform the obligations provided in the Data Security Law may be subject to orders to correct, warnings and penalties including ban or suspension of business, revocation of business licenses or other penalties. As of the date of this prospectus, we do not have any operation or maintain any office or personnel in Mainland China, and we have not conducted any data processing activities which may endanger the national interest or the public interest of PRC or the rights and interest of any PRC organization and citizens. Therefore, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we do not believe that the Data Security Law is applicable to us.

*CSRC Filing or approval*

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies jointly adopted the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the "M&A Rules"), which came into effect on September 8, 2006 and were amended on June 22, 2009. The M&A Rules requires that an offshore special purpose vehicle formed for overseas listing purposes and controlled directly or indirectly by the PRC Citizens shall obtain the approval of the CSRC prior to overseas listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle's securities on an overseas stock exchange. Based on our understanding of the Chinese laws and regulations currently in effect at the time of this prospectus, we will not be required to submit an application to the CSRC for its approval of this offering and the continued listing and trading of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq under the M&A Rules. However, there remains some uncertainty as to how the M&A Rules will be interpreted or implemented, and the opinions summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations in any form relating to the M&A Rules. We cannot assure you that relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion.

The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities ("Opinions"), which were made available to the public on July 6, 2021. The Opinions emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities, and the need to strengthen the supervision over overseas listings by PRC-based companies. Pursuant to the Opinions, Chinese regulators are required to accelerate rulemaking related to the overseas issuance and listing of securities, and update the existing laws and regulations related to data security, cross-border data flow, and management of confidential information. Numerous regulations, guidelines and other measures are expected to be adopted under the umbrella of or in addition to the Cybersecurity Law and Data Security Law. As of the date of this prospectus, no official guidance or related implementation rules have been issued. As a result, the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities remain unclear on how they will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant PRC governmental authorities.

On December 24, 2021, the CSRC, together with other relevant PRC government authorities issued the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations. The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations requires that Overseas Issuance and Listing shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing includes direct and indirect issuance and listing. Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in PRC seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an Overseas Issuer on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant PRC domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC released the Trial Measures and five supporting guidelines, which came into effect on March 31, 2023. According to the Trial Measures, among other requirements, (1) domestic companies that seek to offer or list securities overseas, both directly and indirectly, should fulfill the filing procedures with the CSRC; if a domestic company fails to complete the filing procedures, such domestic company may be subject to administrative penalties; (2) where a domestic company seeks to indirectly offer and list securities in an overseas market, the issuer shall designate a major domestic operating entity responsible for all filing procedures with the CSRC, and such filings shall be submitted to the CSRC within three business days after the submission of the overseas offering and listing application. On the same day, the CSRC also held a press conference for the release of the Trial Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which clarifies that (1) on or prior to the effective date of the Trial Measures, domestic companies that have already submitted valid applications for overseas offering and listing but have not obtained approval from overseas regulatory authorities or stock exchanges may reasonably arrange the timing for submitting their filing applications with the CSRC, and must complete the filing before the completion of their overseas offering and listing; (2) a six-month transition period will be granted to domestic companies which, prior to the effective date of the Trial Measures, have already obtained the approval from overseas regulatory authorities or stock exchanges, but have not completed the indirect overseas listing; if domestic companies fail to complete the overseas listing within such six-month transition period, they shall file with the CSRC according to the requirements; and (3) the CSRC will solicit opinions from relevant regulatory authorities and complete the filing of the overseas listing of companies with contractual arrangements which duly meet the compliance requirements, and support the development and growth of these companies.

Since recent statements, laws and regulatory actions by the PRC government are newly published, their interpretation, application and enforcement of unclear and there also remains significant uncertainty as to the enactment, interpretation and implementation of other regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offerings and other capital markets activities. It also remains uncertain whether the PRC government will adopt additional requirements or extend the existing requirements to apply to our Operating Subsidiary located in Hong Kong. It is also uncertain whether the Hong Kong government will be mandated by the PRC government, despite the constitutional constraints of the Basic Law, to control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment of entities in Hong Kong, including our Operating Subsidiary. Any actions by the PRC government to exert more oversight and control over offerings (including of businesses whose primary operations are in Hong Kong) that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Hong Kong-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors. If there is significant change to current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and, in such event, if we are required to obtain such approvals in the future and we do not receive or maintain the approvals or is denied permission from Mainland China or Hong Kong authorities, we will not be able to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. exchange, or continue to offer securities to investors, which would materially affect the interests of the investors and cause significant the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares significantly decline or be worthless.

As of the date of this prospectus, we have no operations in Mainland China. Our Operating Subsidiary is located, and operates, in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. As advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we believe that the PRC government does not exert direct influence and discretion over the manner we conduct our business activities in Hong Kong, outside of Mainland China, as of the date of this prospectus. We do not expect to be materially affected by recent statements by the PRC government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers, particularly, on listed overseas using VIE structure as we do not currently have any VIE or contractual arrangements in Mainland China.

However, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, it remains uncertain whether the PRC government will adopt additional requirements or extend the existing requirements to apply to our Operating Subsidiary located in Hong Kong. It is also uncertain whether the Hong Kong government will be mandated by the PRC government, despite the constitutional constraints of the Basic Law, to control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment of entities in Hong Kong, including our Operating Subsidiary. In light of PRC's recent expansion of authority in Hong Kong, there are risks and uncertainties which we cannot foresee for the time being, and rules, regulations and the enforcement of laws in PRC can change quickly with little or no advance notice. The PRC government may intervene or influence the current and future operations in Hong Kong at any time, or may exert more oversight and control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in issuers like us. Any actions by the PRC government to exert more oversight and control over offerings (including of businesses whose primary operations are in Hong Kong) that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Hong Kong-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

**Implications of Being an "Emerging Growth Company"**

As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in revenues during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An "emerging growth company" may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to larger public companies. In particular, as an emerging growth company, we:

● may present only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or "MD&A";

● are not required to provide a detailed narrative disclosure discussing our compensation principles, objectives and elements and analyzing how those elements fit with our principles and objectives, which is commonly referred to as "compensation discussion and analysis";

● are not required to obtain an attestation and report from our auditors on our management's assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;

● are not required to obtain a non-binding advisory vote from our shareholders on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements (commonly referred to as the "say-on-pay", "say-on frequency" and "say-on-golden-parachute" votes);

● are exempt from certain executive compensation disclosure provisions requiring a pay-for-performance graph and chief executive officer pay ratio disclosure;

● are eligible to claim longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under §107 of the JOBS Act; and

● will not be required to conduct an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting.

We intend to take advantage of all of these reduced reporting requirements and exemptions, including the longer phase-in periods for the adoption of new or revised financial accounting standards under §107 of the JOBS Act. Our election to use the phase-in periods may make it difficult to compare our financial statements to those of non-emerging growth companies and other emerging growth companies that have opted out of the phase-in periods under §107 of the JOBS Act.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of at least US$1.235 billion; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the IPO; (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a "large accelerated filer" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our Class A Ordinary Shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700.0 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.

**Implications of Being a Controlled Company**

Controlled companies are exempt from the majority of independent director requirements. Controlled companies are subject to an exemption from Nasdaq standards requiring that the board of a listed company consist of a majority of independent directors within one year of the listing date.

Public companies that qualify as a "Controlled Company" with securities listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, or Nasdaq, must comply with the exchange's continued listing standards to maintain their listings. Nasdaq has adopted qualitative listing standards. Companies that do not comply with these corporate governance requirements may lose their listing status. Under the Nasdaq rules, a "controlled company" is a company with more than 50% of its voting power held by a single person, entity or group. Under Nasdaq rules, a controlled company is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements including:

● the requirement that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors;

● the requirement that a listed company have a nominating and governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee's purpose and responsibilities;

● the requirement that a listed company have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee's purpose and responsibilities; and

● the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and governance committee and compensation committee.

Controlled companies must still comply with the exchange's other corporate governance standards. These include having an audit committee and the special meetings of independent or non-management directors.

As of the date of this prospectus, 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares are held by public shareholders and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares are owned by PTLE Limited, which is wholly owned by Ms. Ying Ying Chow, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Each of the Class A Ordinary Shares has one vote per share, while each of the Class B Ordinary Shares has fifty (50) votes per share. As such, the 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares owned by PTLE Limited represent approximately 95.54% of the total voting power of our outstanding share capital. As such, we are and will remain a "controlled company" within the meaning of the Nasdaq Listing Rules following this offering.

As a "controlled company," we are permitted to elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements. Although we do not intend to rely on the controlled company exemptions under the Nasdaq listing standards even if we are deemed a controlled company, we could elect to rely on these exemptions in the future, and if so, you would not have the same protection afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market.

**Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act**

The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCAA, was enacted on December 18, 2020. The HFCAA states if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit our shares from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the United States.

On March 24, 2021, the SEC adopted interim final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCAA. A company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies it as having a "non-inspection" year under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCAA, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the "AHFCAA"), which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA and requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years. On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities in that jurisdiction. On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize rules implementing the submission and disclosure requirements in the HFCAA. The rules apply to registrants that the SEC identifies as having filed an annual report with an audit report issued by a registered public accounting firm that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in foreign jurisdictions. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) Mainland China, and (ii) Hong Kong.

On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced and signed a Statement of Protocol (the "Protocol") with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC. The Protocol provides the PCAOB with: (1) sole discretion to select the firms, audit engagements and potential violations it inspects and investigates, without any involvement of Chinese authorities; (2) procedures for PCAOB inspectors and investigators to view complete audit work papers with all information included and for the PCAOB to retain information as needed; (3) direct access to interview and take testimony from all personnel associated with the audits the PCAOB inspects or investigates.

On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. The PCAOB continues to demand complete access in mainland China and Hong Kong moving forward and resumed regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond, as well as to continue pursuing ongoing investigations and initiate new investigations as needed.

Our current auditor, FundCertify CPA Professional Corporation ("FundCertify"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Cary, North Carolina, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess FundCertify's compliance with applicable professional standards. FundCertify is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong. Our previous auditor, J&S Associate PLT ("J&S"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Malaysia, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess J&S's compliance with applicable professional standards. J&S is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong.

However, in the event it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely the auditor because of a position taken by an authority in a foreign jurisdiction, such as the PRC authorities, then such lack of inspection could cause trading in the Company's securities to be prohibited under the HFCAA, and ultimately result in a determination by a securities exchange to delist the Company's securities. Furthermore, as more stringent criteria have been imposed by the SEC and the PCAOB, recently, which would add uncertainties to our offering, and we cannot assure you whether Nasdaq or regulatory authorities would apply additional and more stringent criteria to us after considering the effectiveness of our auditor's audit procedures and quality control procedures, adequacy of personnel and training, or sufficiency of resources, geographic reach or experience as it relates to the audit of our financial statements. See "Risk Factors — Risks Relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares and this Offering *— Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three.*" on page 44.

**Summary of Risk Factors**

Investing in our Class A Ordinary Shares involves significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information in this prospectus before making an investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. Below please find a summary of the principal risks we face, organized under relevant headings. These risks are discussed more fully in the section titled "Risk Factors". The following is a summary of what we view as our most significant risk factors:

**Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations**

● We are materially dependent on our suppliers for the supply of marine fuel, and any disruption, non-performance and delayed performance of these suppliers may adversely affect our operations and substantially impact our financial results. See page 18.

● We rely on our suppliers from which we purchase marine fuel to provide trade credit terms to adequately fund our on-going operations, any reduction or termination of trade credit from our suppliers would adversely affect our business. See page 19.

● We are susceptible to the fluctuations in marine fuel price. Any volatility in marine fuel price may adversely affect our working capital requirements and financial condition. See page 19.

● The industry in which we operate is competitive, and there can be no assurance that we can compete successfully in the future and adequately address the downward pricing pressure. See page 20.

● Our profitability is susceptible to the volatility and uncertainties in demand and supply for marine fuel. We may fail to elicit sufficient demand from our customers to negotiate a favorable price of marine fuel from our suppliers and this would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See page 21.

● We generally do not enter any long-term contracts with our customers, we may not be able to maintain a stable source of revenue generated, and we cannot assume that our customers will continue to use our vessel refueling services, nor can we accurately forecast future orders from our customers. See page 21.

● We derive a significant portion of our revenue from few major customers with whom we do not enter into long-term contracts, and therefore, any significant changes in our relationships with our major customers, the loss of one or more of which, or significant decrease in the number of our engagement may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See page 22.

● We extend trade credit to most of our customers. As such, we may be exposed to the credit risks of our customers while remaining subject to satisfying payment obligations to our suppliers, and our financial position and results of operations may diminish if we are unable to collect trade receivable. See page 23.

● The failure to deliver marine fuel to our customers on a timely basis would adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations. See page 23.

● Material disruptions in the availability or supply of marine fuel would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See page 23.

● The marine fuel that we purchase from our suppliers may fail to meet the contractual specifications that we have agreed to supply to our customers and, as a result, we could lose business from those customers and be subject to claims or other liabilities, and it would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See page 24.

● Our management team lacks experience in managing a U.S. public company and complying with laws applicable to such company, the failure of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See page 24.

● We are dependent on our senior management team and other key employees, and the loss of any such personnel could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. See page 24.

● Any negative publicity with respect to the Company, the Operating Subsidiary, our directors, officers, employees, shareholders, or other beneficial owners, our peers, business partners, or our industry in general, may materially and adversely affect our reputation, business, and results of operations. See page 25.

● We may be subject to disputes, legal proceedings, and proceedings and may not always be successful in defending ourselves against such claims or proceedings. See page 26.

● Fluctuations in foreign exchange rates could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations. See page 27.

● Laws, regulations, technological, political, and scientific developments regarding climate change and fuel efficiency may decrease demand for the fuels we distribute, and the failure to adapt to market trends in the bunkering industry would adversely affect our business. See page 27.

● Our business is subject to various laws and regulations around the world; failure to comply with these provisions, as well as any adverse changes in applicable laws and regulations in relation to us, our suppliers and customers, may restrict or prevent us from doing business in certain countries or jurisdictions, require us to incur additional costs in operating our business or otherwise materially adversely affect our business. See page 28.

● Information technology failures and data security breaches would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See page 29.

● Natural disasters, acts of God, wars, epidemics and other events may adversely affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations. See page 29.

● The demand for our services is affected by unpredictable factors, and our results of operations can be affected by critical factors associated with the demand for marine fuel, such as the changes in the global and regional economic, financial and political conditions and the level of international trade. A decline in international trade would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See page 30.

● Our business operations may be materially adversely affected by negative impacts on the global economy, capital markets, or other geopolitical conditions resulting from the recent invasion of Ukraine by Russia and subsequent sanctions against Russia, Belarus, and related individuals and entities. Current volatility remains in the crude oil, fuel, and the marine fuel markets around the globe. See page 31.

**Risks Relating to Doing Business in Hong Kong**

 ****

● All of our operations are in Hong Kong. However, due to the long-arm application of the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant direct oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene or influence our operations, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong may be subject to certain PRC laws and regulations, which may impair our ability to operate profitably and result in a material negative impact on our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Furthermore, the changes in the policies, laws, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of Mainland China may also occur quickly with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the Mainland China legal and regulatory system cannot be certain. See page 33.

● There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless. See page 35.

● Compliance with Hong Kong's Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and any such other existing or future data privacy related laws, regulations and governmental orders may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business. See page 38.

● If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless. See page 38.

● The enactment of the law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the "Hong Kong National Security Law") could impact our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business. See page 39.

● The enforcement of laws and rules and regulations in PRC can change quickly with little advance notice. Additionally, the PRC laws and regulations and the enforcement of such that apply or are to be applied to Hong Kong can change quickly with little or no advance notice. As a result, the Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the availability of legal protections, which could result in a material change in our Operating Subsidiary's operations and/or the value of the securities we are offering. See page 39.

● There are political risks associated with conducting business in Hong Kong. See page 40.

● Because our business is conducted in Hong Kong dollars and the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is quoted in United States dollars, changes in currency conversion rates may affect the value of your investments. See page 40.

**Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure**

● Our corporate actions are and will be, after this offering, substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, PTLE Limited, which has and will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we may be deemed to be a "controlled company" and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders. See page 41.

● We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless. See page 42.

● You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in this prospectus based on Hong Kong laws. See page 42.

● You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under BVI law. See page 43.

**Risks Relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares and this Offering**

 ****

● Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three. See page 44.

● We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See page 46.

● The market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares has recently declined significantly, and our Class A Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq or trading could be suspended. See page 47.

● In the event that our Class A Ordinary Shares are delisted from Nasdaq, U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in our Class A Ordinary Shares because they may be considered penny stocks and thus be subject to the penny stock rules. See page 47.

● Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be thinly traded and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares. See page 48.

● You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of Class A Ordinary Shares purchased. See page 48.

● Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, as the future sale of a substantial amount of issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares in the public marketplace could reduce the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See page 49.

● We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively. See page 50.

● If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the continued listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them. See page 50.

● We are an "emerging growth company," and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors. See page 50.

● We incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, particularly after we cease to qualify as an emerging growth company. See page 51.

● We are a "foreign private issuer" and a BVI company, and our disclosure obligations differ from those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. As a result, we may not provide you the same information as U.S. domestic reporting companies or we may provide information at different times, which may make it more difficult for you to evaluate our performance and prospects. See page 51.

● We have a dual-class voting structure consisting of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. Such dual-class voting structure will limit your ability to influence corporate matters, and allow our directors, officers and principal shareholders have significant voting power and may take actions that may not be in the best interests of our other shareholders, which could severely limit the ability of other shareholders to influence matters requiring shareholder approval and, as a result, we may take actions that our other shareholders do not view as beneficial. See page 52.

● We cannot predict the effect our dual-class structure may have on the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. See page 53.

**RISK FACTORS**

*Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties described in this section and under the heading "Risk Factors" contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and under similar headings in our 2024 Annual Report, as updated by our subsequent filings, some of which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, before deciding whether to purchase any of the securities being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly impair our business operations. For more information, see "Where You Can Find Additional Information" and "Incorporation of Documents by Reference."*

**Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations**

***We are materially dependent on our suppliers for the supply of marine fuel, and any disruption, non-performance and delayed performance of these suppliers may adversely affect our operations and substantially impact our financial results.***

For the six months ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the amount of purchases from our five largest suppliers accounted for approximately 83.1%, 77.8%, 88.7%, 81.7%, 82.2%, and 85.2%, respectively, of our total cost of revenue; and the purchases from our largest supplier accounted for approximately 32.8%, 35.8%, 46.7%, 38.5%, 42.2%, and 55.5% of total cost of revenue, respectively.

We cannot assure that there will be no deterioration in our relationships with our current suppliers, especially the top five largest suppliers, which would have an impact on our ability to secure future purchases of marine fuel. Disruptions in the business activities of our suppliers may have negative impacts on our operations.

There are operational risks inherent to the business activities of our suppliers, such as labor strikes, severe outbreaks of contagious diseases, epidemics, or pandemics, not least the COVID-19 pandemic, or financial difficulties which our suppliers may face. We may also encounter the risks associated with non-performance, unsatisfactory, or delayed performance by our suppliers. Material disruptions in the availability or supply of oil may have an adverse effect on our suppliers. In addition, any political instability, natural disasters, terrorist activity, piracy, military action or other similar conditions may disrupt the availability or supply of oil and consequently decrease the supply of marine fuel. Decreased availability or supply of marine fuel may reduce our operating results, revenues and results of operations. There is no assurance that our suppliers, our business partners and other service providers will at all times perform at a satisfactory level. Any shortage of or delay in the supply of marine fuel by our suppliers would affect our ability to fulfil our customers' demand.

We cannot assure that the fuels or the service provided by our suppliers will always meet our customers' fuel delivery requirement. In case there is any error or delay due to various reasons, including but not limited to weather condition, natural disaster, trade restrictions, embargo and human negligence, the marine may not be delivered to the assigned destination within the expected schedule, quality and condition. If our suppliers and service providers are unable to meet our customers' standards and requirements and we are unable to find suitable alternatives promptly, our reputation within the industry and therefore our business, sales performance and results of operations could be adversely affected.

In the event of occurrence of the above, we may have to source cargo fuels from other existing or new suppliers for our customers within a tight time constraint. If our suppliers are unable to meet our customers' delivery and fueling requirement, or if we are unable to find suitable alternatives promptly in the event of disruptions in the business activities of our suppliers, our reputation and therefore our business, sales performance and results of operations could be adversely affected. If we are not able to maintain or expand our relationships with our major suppliers, our ability to deliver our products and services in a timely manner may be impaired and we could be required to incur additional expenses to secure alternative suppliers. The disruption in our supply or the need to find alternative suppliers could impact the costs and/or timing associated with procuring necessary products and services.

***We rely on our suppliers from which we purchase marine fuel to provide trade credit terms to adequately fund our on-going operations, any reduction or termination of trade credit from our suppliers would adversely affect our business.***

Our business is impacted by the availability of trade credit provided by to fund marine fuel purchases. We are generally required by our suppliers to settle the full payment of our orders with payment terms up to 30 days. In general, the trade credit and its payment term provided to us by the suppliers would be reviewed and assessed by our suppliers from time to time. There is no assurance that our suppliers would maintain the trade credit and/or credit terms offered to us. An actual or perceived downgrade in our liquidity or operations could cause our suppliers to seek credit support in the form of additional collateral, limit the extension of trade credit, or otherwise materially modify their payment terms. Any material changes in our payment terms, or availability of trade credit provided by our suppliers, especially those major oil companies, could impact our liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and ability to make distributions to our customers.

Furthermore, our trade credit is granted by different suppliers in different ports. In the event that our customers request us to provide vessel refueling services at designated ports, at which the local suppliers can only provide limited trade credit, we may need to settle the cost of purchases to those suppliers with payment in advance. This will adversely affect our working capital, business, financial condition and results of operations.

***We are susceptible to fluctuations in marine fuel price. Any volatility in marine fuel price may adversely affect our working capital requirements and financial condition.***

We are subject to risks associated with the availability and price of marine fuel, and the fuel prices have fluctuated dramatically over recent years. Future fluctuations in the availability and price of fuel could adversely affect our results of operations. Marine fuel prices may fluctuate due to factors out of our control. These factors include, among others, global economic conditions, natural or man-made disasters, adverse weather conditions, general political conditions, acts of war or terrorism and instability in oil producing regions, particularly in the Middle East, Russia, Africa and South America, changes in global crude oil prices, expected and actual supply of and demand for marine fuel, changes in laws and regulations related to environmental matters (including those mandating or incentivizing alternative energy sources or otherwise addressing global climate change), changes in pricing or production controls by oil producing countries and cartels or the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries ("OPEC"), economic sanctions imposed against oil-producing countries or specific industry participants, technological advances affecting energy consumption and supply, energy conservation efforts, price and availability of alternative fuels, terrorist activities, armed conflict, tariffs, sanctions, other changes to trade agreements and world supply and demand imbalance.

In addition, the supply of fuel and our costs could be adversely affected in the event of a shortage or oversupply of product, which could result from, among other things, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the sanctions imposed on Russia and other countries, interruptions of fuel production at oil refineries, new supply sources, sustained increases or decreases in global demand and have no guarantee an uninterrupted, unlimited supply of marine fuels. As such, our revenues and gross profit can increase or decrease significantly and rapidly over short periods of time and potentially adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The volatility in crude oil and fuel costs and sales prices makes it difficult to forecast future gross profits or predict the effect that costs and sales price fluctuations will have on our operating results and financial condition.

Fuel shortages, changes in fuel prices and the potential volatility may adversely impact our results of operations and overall profitability. Our profitability is correlated with the fluctuation of refueling fee charged to our customers. As the market prices of crude oil, and, correspondingly, the market prices of marine fuels, experience significant and rapid fluctuations, we attempt to pass along wholesale price changes to our customers; however, we are not always able to do so immediately. If we cannot pass on the cost in full to our customers, our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

The fluctuations in marine fuel price may also affect our working capital requirements. Since our operation scale is limited by our working capital, for a given period of time, if the marine fuel prices increase substantially as a result of policies or controls imposed by the relevant regulatory authorities, we could purchase less marine fuel from our suppliers with the same level of financial resources and same trade credit offered by our suppliers. In the event that there is a significant increase in the price of marine fuel, we might require additional working capital in order to fulfil our customers' need. If the marine fuel price increases significantly and we cannot obtain sufficient financial resources and improve our cash flow in time to ensure we can procure similar amount of marine fuel from our suppliers, we may not be able to deliver as much marine fuel to customers as we could when the marine fuel price is at a relatively low level and our profitability may be adversely affected, and the requirement for additional working capital may tighten our operating cash flows, which may in turn adversely affect our financial condition.

***The industry in which we operate is competitive, and there can be no assurance that we can compete successfully in the future and adequately address the downward pricing pressure.***

The bunkering industry in the Asia Pacific region is highly competitive and fragmented, with approximately 100 companies offering similar services in the region. Not only do we have to compete with other bunkering facilitators, but we also face competition from local physical distributors that supply marine fuel directly to ship operators, and the bunkering arms of oil majors or traders may also directly engage in the provision of vessel refueling services to vessels across the Asia Pacific.

Our competitors range from small marine fuel logistics service providers that operate within a limited geographic area to larger companies with substantially greater financial and other resources. Competitions within the bunkering industry remain intensive, and if we fail to maintain our competitive advantages, we could lose market share, which would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, some of our suppliers, such as major fuel suppliers or oil companies, have also set up subsidiaries to offer bunkering facilitator services, which directly compete with our business. We also cannot guarantee that our customers would not bring in-house some of the services we provide to them, and as a result, the demand for our services could drop.

Competition within the industry may adversely affect our customer base and market share. Many of our competitors periodically reduce their rates to unusually low levels in order to gain business, especially in an economic downturn, as a strategic attempt to undercut one another and capture greater market share. Although such pricing strategy is usually considered unsustainable in the long-term, it may adversely affect our business in the short-term. Furthermore, the vessel refueling industry continues to consolidate. As a result of such consolidation, our competitors may increase their market share and improve their financial capacity and strengthen their competitive positions.

Besides, business combinations could also result in competitors providing a wider variety of services at competitive prices, which could adversely affect our financial performance. We may lose key members of our management team and experienced employees (in particular those who have established relationships with our customers) to our competitors. A major driver for our customers to use third-party bunkering service providers is the high cost and degree of difficulty associated with developing in-house vessel refueling expertise and operational efficiencies. If, however, our customers are able to develop their own solutions, increase utilization of their in-house compatibility, reduce their service spending on us, or otherwise choose to terminate our services, our business and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

As a result, we may not be able to compete effectively with our existing or potential competitors. The competitive pressures may cause a decrease in our volume and compel us to adopt a more competitive pricing strategy by lowering our profit margin in order to maintain our customer base and market share. There can be no assurance that we can compete successfully with other industry players for customers in the future. If we are unable to maintain our customer base, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

***Our profitability is susceptible to the volatility and uncertainties in demand and supply for marine fuel. We may fail to elicit sufficient demand from our customers to negotiate a favorable price of marine fuel from our suppliers and this would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

We procure the supply of marine fuel, based on our estimation regarding the existing and anticipated customer demand. Then, we aggregate the demand of marine fuel from our customers in different ports over a period of time and in turn, we negotiate with our suppliers for bulk purchases. In the event that we do not elicit sufficient demand from our customers, we may not be able to have the bargaining power to negotiate a favorable pricing of marine fuel from our suppliers which, in turn, we are not able to offer competitive price to our customers. Our inability to provide competitive prices to our customers would have a detrimental effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We do not maintain any inventory since our role and operation is facilitating and arranging our suppliers to make direct delivery of marine fuel to our customers' vessels. However, we could be subject to inventory risks if the ownership of marine fuel is passed to us before it is transferred to our customers. Even though we have entered into contracts with our suppliers, such contracts are not related to any of our contracts with our customers, and as such there is no guarantee that any marine fuel purchased under such contracts with our suppliers will be sold to our designated customers. Pursuant to the arrangement or agreement with our supplier, we are committed to paying the agreed volume of the marine fuel irrespective of whether we are able to sell those marine fuel in full to our customers. If we fail to do so, we may not be able to fully recover the costs of the relevant fuel acquired, and our results of operations may suffer. Furthermore, if we are unable to consume sufficient marine fuel from our suppliers to meet the base quantity under contracts with our suppliers, our suppliers have the right to file a claim against us, which, in turn, will adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, in the event that the marine fuel supplied to our customers don't satisfy the specifications (i.e., quantities and qualities) of the requested marine fuel as defined in a purchase contract with our customers, our customers may reject the nonconforming marine fuel and seek remedies from us, which, in turn, will adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations as well.

Also, the unanticipated changes in the price of oil and gas may also negatively affect our business. A rapid decline in fuel prices could decrease our profitability because if we were to purchase the fuel from the suppliers when fuel prices are high without having a corresponding sales contract in place, we may not be able to resell it at a profit. Conversely, increases in fuel prices can adversely affect our customers' businesses, and consequently increase our credit losses. Increases in fuel prices could also affect the credit limits extended to us by our suppliers and our working capital requirements, potentially affecting our liquidity and profitability. In addition, increases in oil prices will make it more difficult for our customers to operate and could reduce demand for our services.

***We generally do not enter into any long-term contracts with our customers, we may not be able to maintain a stable source of revenue generated, and we cannot assume that our customers will continue to use our vessel refueling services, nor can we accurately forecast future orders from our customers.***

We generally do not enter into long-term agreements with our customers. Our customers place orders with us based on their specific needs and arrangements of their shipping routes and schedules. They place orders with us based on term contracts (i.e., agreements for purchase of our vessel refueling service, where the premium is fixed over the entire duration of the contract, which has a typical length of three months), or spot contracts (i.e., agreements for immediate purchase of our vessel refueling service, which has a typical length of one day). Our customers are not obliged to continue to use our vessel refueling services at a level similar to that in the past or at all. As a result, our future business depends on our ability to secure orders from existing customers and procuring orders from new customers, and we cannot guarantee that our current customers will continue to utilize our services or that they will continue at the same levels.

Our customers' demand could be affected by unpredictable factors, such as regional and global political and economic conditions. The volume of their orders and booking might vary significantly, and it is difficult for us to forecast future orders accurately. Our customers' level of demand may fluctuate due to factors out of our control, such as changes in their business strategies, purchasing preferences and product trends. Our revenue is therefore susceptible to fluctuations in the demand for our service and product from our customers and the cancellations of existing customer contracts.

For the six months ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, approximately $37,508,550, $43,806,163, $33,353,222, $90,783,673, $45,205,250 and $33,154,572 of our revenues were generated from our existing customers, representing 86.1%, 87.1%, 75.4%, 92.5%, 44.3% and 44.3% of our total revenue, respectively.

We strive to maintain good relationships with our existing customers and develop new relationships with potential customers. There is no assurance that our existing customers will not engage other bunkering facilitators whom they perceive to offer lower prices or better services than ours. If any of our major customers terminates its business relationship with us, and we fail to secure new customers or new orders from other existing customers in a timely manner, our business operations, financial performance and profitability would be adversely affected. There is no certainty that we will continue to generate a stable revenue from our customers, any significant reduction of orders from our customers could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

***We derive a significant portion of our revenue from few major customers with whom we do not enter into long-term contracts, and therefore, any significant changes in our relationships with our major customers, the loss of one or more of which, or significant decrease in the number of our engagement may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.***

A substantial portion of our revenue was derived from a relatively small number of customers during the last three years. For the six months June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the revenue from our five largest customers accounted for approximately 65.2%, 55.9%, 47.9%, 53.8%, 44.3%, and 44.3%, respectively, of our total revenue; and the revenue attributable to our largest customer accounted for approximately 27.5%, 23.3%, 20.3%, 23.6%, 20.3%, and 11.3% of our total revenue, respectively. Accordingly, we are heavily dependent on the relationships with our five largest customers. There is no assurance that our major customers will continue to use our vessel refueling services or that we can successfully maintain our relationships with them in the future. If we were to either lose one of our major customers or have a major customer significantly reduce its volume of business with us, our business, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected, unless we are able to promptly secure suitable projects of a comparable size and quantity as replacements from other existing and new customers. We expect that we will continue to depend on a relatively small number of customers for a significant portion of our net revenue and may continue to experience fluctuations in the distribution of the revenue among our largest customers. The volume of sale from specific customers is likely to vary from year to year, especially since we do not have long-term commitments from any of our customers to purchase our services. A major customer in one year may not provide the same level of revenues for us in any subsequent year. Furthermore, if we experience difficulties in the collection of our accounts receivables from our major customers, our results of operation may be materially and adversely affected. These customers could choose to divert all or a portion of their business with us to one of our competitors, demand pricing concessions for our services, require us to provide enhanced services that increase our costs, or develop their own vessel refueling capabilities. Therefore, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, given our dependence on our major customers.

***We extend trade credit to most of our customers. As such, we may be exposed to the credit risks of our customers while remaining subject to satisfying payment obligations to our suppliers, and our financial position and results of operations may diminish if we are unable to collect trade receivable.***

We extend trade credit to most of our customers. To stay competitive, sometimes we need to attract business by extending trade credit to our customers. Our credit procedures and policies do not fully eliminate customer credit risk. Our financial position and profitability depend largely on the credit worthiness of our customers and their ability to settle the outstanding amount owed to us in accordance with the credit periods we have granted to them. Any credit losses, if significant, would diminish our financial position and results of operations. Furthermore, the adverse changes in credit markets in Asia or globally may cause these numbers to increase if our customers cannot borrow money and are illiquid. We may not be able to collect on the outstanding balances of our customers if any of our customers enter bankruptcy proceedings.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the payment terms of our customers who are international container liner operators are generally up to 30 days. Meanwhile, the payment terms to our suppliers are generally up to 30 days. As of June 30, 2025, December 31, 2024 and 2023, our accounts receivables amounted to approximately $8,894,146, $7,720,366 and $7,916,288, respectively. Payment delays, cancellations or defaults by our customers may be caused by its insolvency or bankruptcy, or insufficient financing or working capital due to late payments by their respective customers. If we are not able to collect our trade receivables on time, while remaining obligated to satisfy our ongoing payment obligations to our suppliers, we may be required to consider alternative sources of financing and/or defer on our own payment obligations. This may have a negative impact on our cash flow and we may have insufficient working capital to run our day-to-day operations.

We cannot assure that we will collect all our trade receivables on time and that our customers will be able to fulfil their payment obligations. In some instances, we may not be able to enforce our contractual rights to receive payment through legal proceedings. Should we experience any unexpected delay or difficulty in collections from our customers, our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected as well. In addition, if our trade receivables increase significantly from current levels, our bank financing and interest expenses would increase, adversely affecting our profitability. We cannot assure you that the risk of default by our customers will not occur in the future.

***The failure to deliver marine fuel to our customers on a timely basis would adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.***

We arrange third-party suppliers to handle the physical distribution of marine fuel to vessels. The failure of third parties to physically deliver the marine fuel in accordance with the contractual terms would arise from various causes, including but not limited to, interruption of their business, such as bunker barge engine failure with no alternative bunker barges available. We might need to arrange another supplier to handle the physical delivery of marine fuel, which may cause delay in meeting our customers' requirements. In the event that no other supplier is available to handle the physical delivery, our relationships with our customers may be adversely affected and we may be subject to claims and other liabilities, which, in turn, would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We believe that the reputation we have built over the years serves a significant role in attracting customers and securing our customers' orders. Whether or not we can maintain or promote our reputation depends largely on our ability to provide vessel refueling services to our customers in a timely manner. If we fail to meet their needs or are unable to deliver marine fuel requested by them at the designated port in a timely manner, our customers may no longer perceive our services to be of a high quality and our reputation would be adversely affected. This will, in turn, adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

***Material disruptions in the availability or supply of marine fuel would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Our business depends on our ability to successfully source and arrange physical delivery of marine fuel for refueling our customers' vessels. There are a number of factors out of our control that would materially disrupt the availability or supply of marine fuel or our ability to arrange physical delivery in a timely manner. In certain ports, we use one or a limited number of suppliers for the provision of vessel refueling services. If our suppliers do not have sufficient supply of marine fuel at designated ports to meet our customers' needs and we cannot find any alternative suppliers, we may lose our customers, which may adversely affect the profitability of our business.

***The marine fuel that we purchase from our suppliers may fail to meet the contractual specifications that we have agreed to supply to our customers and, as a result, we could lose business from those customers and be subject to claims or other liabilities, and it would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

We source marine fuel from various suppliers. Although we take measures to ensure the quality of the marine fuel that we supply, if the marine fuel that we arrange for refueling our customers' vessels fails to meet the specifications we have agreed to with our customers, we would incur significant liabilities should a customer initiate a claim or a lawsuit against us. In addition, our relationship with our customers may be adversely affected or we could lose our customers. Our insurance policies that protect us against most of the risks involved in the conduct of our business may not be adequate and we may not always have effective remedies available to us against our suppliers if they supply marine fuel that fails to meet contractual specifications, and any attempt to enforce our rights would be costly and time consuming. As a result, our financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

***Our management team lacks experience in managing a U.S. public company and complying with laws applicable to such company, the failure of which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Our current management team lacks experience in managing a U.S. publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to U.S. public companies. Prior to the completion of our IPO in October 2024, we were a private company mainly operating our businesses in Hong Kong. Since our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, our company has become subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the scrutiny of securities analysts and investors, and our management currently has no experience in complying with such laws, regulations and obligations. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to becoming a U.S. public company. These new obligations and constituents will require significant attention from our senior management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

***We are dependent on our senior management team and other key employees, and the loss of any such personnel could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.***

We believe that our performance and success is, to a certain extent, attributable to the extensive industry knowledge and experience of our key executives and personnel. Our management team led by Ms. Ying Ying Chow, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, and Ms. Yuen Tung Leung, Chief Financial Officer and Director, are essential to our success due to their substantial experiences and connections in the bunkering industry, market development skills and expertise in managing our operations. In addition, the relationships and reputation that our management team have established and maintained with our customers and suppliers contribute to our ability to maintain good business relationships with them.

If any of our directors or our senior management is unable or unwilling to continue in the present position and we are unable to find suitable replacement with similar knowledge, skills, experience and expertise in a timely manner, there could be an adverse impact to our business, results of operations and profitability of our business. Even if replacement could be made, additional expenses may be incurred in recruiting, training or retaining such personnel, and strategic objectives at a similar cost may not be achieved. Moreover, it would be detrimental to us if any of our key personnel or senior management joins our competitors or forms a company that competes with us. Under such circumstances, our competitive position and business prospects may be materially and adversely affected. As a result, the departure of any of our key management members would be disruptive to our business development and would have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition. We cannot guarantee that the services of such personnel will continue to be available to us or that we will be able to promptly recruit qualified and competent replacements.

Additionally, our continued success depends on our ability to attract and retain new talents. Given that the competition for these key personnel in our industry is intense, any failure to attract and retain such skilled personnel may affect our business operations, financial performance and future prospects of our Company.

We have not obtained any "key-person" life insurance policies on any member of our senior management or key personnel. As a result, we would not be protected against the associated financial loss if we were to lose the services of members of our senior management team.

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***Our growth prospects may be limited if we do not successfully implement our future plans and growth strategy.***

We devise our future plans as set out in the sections headed "Item 4. Information on the Company – 4.B. Business Overview — Growth Strategies" and "Item 14.E. Use of Proceeds" in our 2024 Annual Report based on circumstances currently prevailing and bases on assumptions that certain circumstances will or will not occur, as well as the risks and uncertainties inherent in various stages of implementation. The successful implementation of our business strategies is subject to various uncertainties and contingencies, such as the growth of the market, availability of funds, competition and government policies. Our growth is based on assumptions of future events which include (a) the relationships with our existing customers and suppliers; (b) our ability to develop our industry network with upstream marine fuel supplier and downstream customers; (c) the effectiveness of our management effort in overseeing our expansion; (d) continuous growth of the marine transportation in Asia Pacific; and (e) our ability to retain key staff in the management and the operational departments.

Furthermore, our future business plans may be hindered by other factors that are beyond our control, such as the availability of sufficient working capital and cash flows, the threat of competitors and substitutes, new market entrants, an economic downturn or changes in market conditions or performance, all of which may delay or impede the implementation of our business strategies. Therefore, there is no assurance that any of our future business plans will materialize or result in the conclusion or execution of any agreement within the planned timeframe, or that our objectives will be fully or partially accomplished. Any delay or failure to successfully implement our business strategies may result in the loss in sales and failure to meet profit projections, any of which may adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks and challenges which we may encounter in various stages of the development of our business. If the assumptions which underpin our future plans prove to be incorrect, our future plans may not be effective in enhancing our growth, in which case our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

***Any negative publicity with respect to the Company, the Operating Subsidiary, our directors, officers, employees, shareholders, or other beneficial owners, our peers, business partners, or our industry in general, may materially and adversely affect our reputation, business, and results of operations.***

Our reputation and brand recognition play an important role in earning and maintaining the trust and confidence of our existing and prospective customers. Our reputation and brand are vulnerable to many threats that can be difficult or impossible to control, and costly or impossible to remediate. Negative publicity about us, such as alleged misconduct, other improper activities, or negative rumors relating to our business, shareholders, or other beneficial owners, affiliates, directors, officers, or other employees, can harm our reputation, business, and results of operations, even if they are baseless or satisfactorily addressed. These allegations, even if unproven or meritless, may lead to inquiries, investigations, or other legal actions against us by any regulatory or government authorities. Any regulatory inquiries or investigations and lawsuits against us, and perceptions of conflicts of interest, inappropriate business conduct by us or perceived wrongdoing by any key member of our management team, among other things, could substantially damage our reputation regardless of their merits, and cause us to incur significant costs to defend ourselves. Moreover, any negative media publicity about our industry in general or service quality problems of other firms in the industry in which we operate, including our competitors, may also negatively impact our reputation and brand. If we are unable to maintain a good reputation or further enhance our brand recognition, our ability to attract and retain customers, third-party partners, and key employees could be harmed and, as a result, our business, financial position, and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.

***We may grow, in part, through acquisitions, which involve various risks, and we may not be able to identify or acquire companies consistent with our growth strategy or successfully integrate acquired businesses into our operations.***

We may pursue opportunities to expand our business by acquiring other companies in the future. Acquisitions involve risks, including those relating to:

● identification of appropriate acquisition candidates;

● negotiation of acquisitions on favorable terms and valuations;

● integration of acquired businesses and personnel;

● integration of information technology systems;

● implementation of proper business and accounting controls;

● ability to obtain financing, at favorable terms or at all;

● diversion of management attention;

● retention of employees and customers;

● non-employee driver attrition;

● unexpected liabilities;

● detrimental issues not discovered during due diligence.

Acquisitions also may affect our short-term cash flow and net income as we expend funds, potentially increase indebtedness and incur additional expenses. If we are not able to identify or acquire companies consistent with our growth strategy, or if we fail to successfully integrate any acquired companies into our operations, we may not achieve anticipated increases in revenue, cost savings and economies of scale, our operating results may actually decline and acquired goodwill and intangibles may become impaired.

***We may be subject to disputes, legal proceedings, and proceedings and may not always be successful in defending ourselves against such claims or proceedings.***

We may be subject to claims and litigation related to labor and employment, contractual claims with customers, suppliers and other parties, business practices, environmental liability and other matters, including with respect to claims asserted under various other theories of agency or employer liability. Claims against us may exceed the amount of insurance coverage that we have or may not be covered by insurance at all. There is no assurance that we may be able to resolve every instance of a dispute by way of negotiation and/or mediation with the relevant parties. If we fail to do so, it may lead to legal and other proceedings against us, and consequently we may have to incur significant expenses for defending ourselves or initiate proceedings against other parties to protect our interest. Furthermore, if we fail to obtain favorable outcomes in such proceedings, we may be liable to pay significant amounts of damages which may adversely affect our operations and financial results.

***We cannot assure that the insurance policies we have taken out are always able to cover all losses we sustain during the course of our business operations, and any uninsured losses incurred, may be substantial and therefore adversely affect our operations and financial results.***

We also maintain insurance coverage of employee's compensation, and public liability insurance. Because of these significant self-insured exposures, insurance and claims expense may fluctuate significantly from period-to-period. Additionally, our ability to obtain and maintain adequate insurance and the cost of such insurance may be affected by significant claims and conditions in the insurance market over which we have no control.

We cannot assure that the insurance policies we have taken out are always able to cover all losses we sustain during the course of our business operations as it is not always possible to accurately predict and quantify how much loss we will suffer from potential claims. We may fail to establish sufficient insurance reserves and adequately estimate for future insurance claims. In the case of an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limit, we may be required to pay for losses, damages and liabilities out of our own funds. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance, the loss of insurance coverage or a material increase in the cost of insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

With respect to losses that are covered by our insurance policies, it may be a difficult and lengthy process to recover such losses from insurers. In addition, we may be unable to recover the amount from the insurer. Even we are able to recover certain losses from our insurers, our premiums might increase and it might be hard for us to renew our insurance policies. Therefore, if we are held liable for uninsured losses or amounts and claims for insured losses exceeding our insurance coverage, our operations and financial results may be adversely affected.

***Fluctuations in foreign exchange rates could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations.***

The majority of our business transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars. In certain markets, however, payments to some of our fuel suppliers and from some of our customers are denominated in local currency. We also have certain liabilities, primarily for local transaction outside of Hong Kong, including income and transactional taxes, which are denominated in foreign currencies. This subjects us to foreign currency exchange risk. Although we generally use hedging strategies to manage and minimize the impact of foreign currency exchange risk when available, these hedges may be costly and at any given time, only a portion of this risk may be hedged. Accordingly, our exposure to this risk may be substantial and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates could adversely affect our profitability.

In addition, many of our customers are based outside of Hong Kong and may be required to purchase U.S. dollars to pay for our products and services. A rapid depreciation or devaluation in currency that affects our customers could have an adverse effect on their operations and their ability to convert local currency to U.S. dollars in order to make required payments to us. This could, in turn, increase our credit losses and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

***Laws, regulations, technological, political and scientific developments regarding climate change and fuel efficiency may decrease demand for the fuels we distribute, and the failure to adapt to market trends in the bunkering industry would adversely affect our business.***

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Laws, regulations, technological, political and scientific developments regarding climate change and fuel efficiency may decrease demand for the marine fuels, and the trends in the bunkering industry can have a significant impact on our business and operation. These trends include but not limited to shifts in fuel preferences, technological advancements, regulatory changes, and growing environmental awareness. We must constantly monitor the industry trends and stay abreast of the latest trends, however, there is no guarantee that we will be able to respond effectively and adapt to these changes in time.

Technological advancements can affect the demand for fuels and the overall fuel consumption patterns. New technologies that increase fuel efficiency or laws or regulations to increase fuel efficiency, reduce consumption or offer alternative fuel sources for ships (such as liquefied natural gas (the "LNG"), are sulfur free and can be used alone or either in combination with conventional fuel oil to achieve decarbonization of shipping transportation and the enhancement of environmental protection) may result in decreased demand for marine fuel. These developments could potentially have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects. Our failure to invest in new infrastructure and capabilities to support emerging fuel technologies would have an adverse impact on our business. Developments aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions' contribution to climate change may decrease the demand or increase the cost for the marine fuels we distribute and sell. Attitudes toward these products and their relationship to the environment may significantly affect our effectiveness in marketing and sales. There is no guarantee that we can adjust our offering of products efficiently to meet our customers' demands. And if we fail to implement sustainable practices or provide eco-friendly fuels that our customers prefer, our business would be adversely affected.

In addition, governments could enact legislation or regulations that attempt to control or limit greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide. Such laws or regulations could impose costs tied to carbon emissions, operational requirements or restrictions, or additional charges to fund energy efficiency activities. They could also provide a cost advantage to alternative fuels, impose costs or restrictions on end users of marine fuel, or result in other costs or requirements, such as costs associated with the adoption of new infrastructure and technology to respond to new mandates. The options to comply with tightened environmental protection laws may include switching to alternative fuels such as LNG. If alternative fuels such as LNG become the major marine fuel in the future, there is no assurance that we would be able to adapt to such trend and our business and financial results would be adversely affected.

***A climate-related decrease in demand for crude oil could negatively affect our business.***

Supply and demand for marine fuel are dependent upon a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include, among others, the potential adoption of new government regulations, including those related to fuel conservation measures and climate change regulations, technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices. For example, legislative, regulatory or executive actions intended to reduce emissions of greenhouse gas could increase the cost of consuming marine fuel, thereby potentially causing a reduction in the demand for this product. A broader transition to alternative fuels or energy sources, whether resulting from potential new government regulation, carbon taxes or consumer preferences could result in decreased demand for products like crude oil. Any decrease in demand could consequently reduce demand for our services and could have a negative effect on our business.

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***Our business is subject to various laws and regulations around the world; failure to comply with these provisions, as well as any adverse changes in applicable laws and regulations in relation to us, our suppliers and customers, may restrict or prevent us from doing business in certain countries or jurisdictions, require us to incur additional costs in operating our business or otherwise materially adversely affect our business.***

We provide marine fuel logistic services regionally throughout the Asia Pacific region. We could be affected by any changes in laws and regulations in countries and regions where we provide our services and where our suppliers and customers operate or being registered. In addition, due to the regional nature of our activities and the number of countries in which our services involve, we must continually monitor our compliance with anti-corruption law, trade control and sanctions laws and regulations (including those promulgated and enforced by the Office of Foreign Assets Controls and by other national and supranational institutions). A failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations and maintain appropriate authorizations could result in substantial fines, operational restrictions or possible revocations of authority to conduct operations, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Future regulations or changes in existing regulations, or in the interpretation or enforcement of regulations, could require us, our suppliers, and our customers to incur additional capital or operating expenses or modify business operations to achieve, obtain various permits and/or licenses and maintain compliance with, amongst others, the updated applicable criteria set by the relevant governmental departments or organizations. As such, we may be required to suspend our operations and may not be able to deliver vessel refueling services due to the inability of our suppliers and customers to obtain and maintain the relevant permits and/or licenses in time, based on new laws and regulations. There are circumstances which are out of our control may affect our suppliers' and customers' ability to obtain and/or maintain such permits and/or licenses or lead to a suspension or demotion of such permits, licenses and/or qualifications. Furthermore, the validity of these permits and/or licenses may last for a limited period of time and may be subject to periodic reviews and renewal by the relevant governmental departments or organizations. The failure for our suppliers and customers to obtain and maintain the relevant permits and/or licenses will, in turn, indirectly adversely affect our business.

Lastly, various national government agencies may have specific product quality specifications for fuels, including commodities that we distribute. Changes in product quality specifications, such as reduced chemical content in fuel, or other more stringent requirements for fuels, could reduce our ability to procure product, require us to incur additional handling costs and/or require the expenditure of capital. If we are unable to procure product or recover these costs through an increased selling price, we may not be able to meet our financial obligations. Failure to comply with these regulations could result in substantial penalties.

***Information technology failures and data security breaches would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Our operation and services are heavily dependent on our ability to communicate and manage the information related to the operation of our business effectively, including order management, order monitoring and tracking, logistics and route optimization, documentation management, invoicing, reporting, and communication. Thus, the efficient operation of these systems is critical to our business. While we take measures to ensure the security of our IT systems, our systems are susceptible to outages from fire, floods, power loss, telecommunications failures, data leakage, virus, human error by our employees, service providers or vendors, hacking and break-ins, cyber-attacks and similar events. A significant disruption in the functioning of these systems could damage our reputation, impair our ability to conduct our business, impact our credit and risk exposure decisions, cause us to lose customers, subject us to litigation and/or require us to incur significant expense to address and remediate or otherwise resolve these issues, which would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we may be required to incur significant costs to protect against damage caused by the possible disruptions or security breaches in the future.

***Our business and our reputation could be adversely affected by the failure to protect sensitive customer, employee or vendor data, whether as a result of cyber attacks or otherwise, or to comply with applicable regulations relating to data security and privacy.***

In the normal course of business as a wholesale fuel distributor, we collect and maintain personal and business information from our customers, employees, and vendors. While we believe we have implemented appropriate security measures to protect individually identifiable and other sensitive data, breaches, cyberattacks, or other unauthorized access incidents could nonetheless occur.

A cybersecurity breach or system failure resulting in the unauthorized disclosure of personal or sensitive business information could materially and adversely affect our reputation, operating results, and financial condition. Such an event could also increase the costs we incur to protect against future security threats, including potential investments in additional security measures and technologies.

In addition, a material failure to comply with applicable data privacy or cybersecurity laws and regulations could subject us to regulatory investigations, fines, penalties, or litigation. Cyberattacks are rapidly evolving in sophistication and frequency, and despite our efforts to prevent breaches, no security system is impenetrable. A successful cyberattack could adversely affect our reputation, business operations, financial performance, and liquidity, and could lead to significant legal and remediation costs.

Moreover, any data security breach could require us to expend significant additional resources to further strengthen our cybersecurity infrastructure and could divert management's attention from other critical business matters.

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***Natural disasters, acts of God, wars, epidemics and other events may adversely affect our business operations, financial condition and results of operations***

Natural disasters, acts of God, wars, terrorist attacks, piracy activity or military action epidemics, material interruptions in service or stoppages in transportation and other events which are beyond our control may adversely affect local economies, infrastructures, port facilities and international trade. They may also cause casualty to our employees, closure of ports and disruptions to cargo flows, any of which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial position. Harsh weather could also reduce our ability to transport freight, which could result in decreased revenues.

Our market area is located in a region susceptible to severe typhoon. A severe typhoon could damage the facilities of our suppliers or our customers, as well as interfere with our ability to distribute fuel to our customers or our customers' ability to operate their locations. If warmer temperatures, or other climate changes, lead to changes in extreme weather events, including increased frequency, duration or severity, these weather-related risks could become more pronounced. Any weather-related catastrophe or disruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, potentially causing losses beyond the limits of the insurance we currently carry.

Any of such occurrences of natural disasters or the outbreak of avian influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome, the influenza A (H1N1), H7N9 or another epidemic could cause severe disruption to our daily operations, and may even require a temporary closure. Such closures may disrupt our business operations and adversely affect our results of operations. If any of our employees is suspected of having contracted a contagious disease, we may be required to apply quarantines or suspend our operations. Our operation could also be disrupted if our suppliers, customers or business partners were affected by such natural disasters or health epidemics. Furthermore, any future outbreak may restrict economic activities in affected regions, resulting in reduced business volume, the temporary lack of an adequate work force, and the temporary disruption in the transport of goods to or from overseas which could prevent, delay or reduce freight volumes and could have an adverse impact on consumer spending and confidence levels, all of which could adversely affect our results of operations.

***The demand for our services is affected by unpredictable factors, and our results of operations can be affected by critical factors associated with the demand for marine fuel, such as the changes in the global and regional economic, financial and political conditions and the level of international trade. A decline in international trade would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Global and regional demands for marine fuel are primarily driven by trade and economic activity, as well as the trends and activities in the marine transportation industry, in particular, the number of vessels active at sea and the size of order books for new vessels. The marine transportation and bunkering industry has historically experienced cyclical fluctuations due to economic recession, level of international trade activities, downturns in business cycles of our customers, interest and currency rate fluctuations, inflation, trade restrictions, economic sanctions, trade disputes, boycotts, outbreak of wars, changes in regulatory regimes and extreme weather conditions, all of which are beyond our control and the nature, timing and degree of which are largely unpredictable. Any decrease in demand for our services due to cyclical downturns could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We are particularly sensitive to changes in regional and/or global political and economic conditions that impact our customers' transportation volumes and shipping routes.

Economic downturns in one or more countries or regions, particularly in Asia, the European Union, the United States, and other countries and regions with consumer-oriented economies, have in the past, and could in the future, reduce international trade volumes, which directly affects the demand for shipping services, and, in turn, the demand for marine fuel. Any reduction in demand for marine fuel would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

A tightening of credit in the financial markets or an increase in interest rates may make it more difficult for wholesale customers and suppliers to obtain financing and, depending on the degree to which it occurs, may cause a material increase in the non-payment or other non-performance by our customers and suppliers. Even if our credit review and analysis mechanisms work properly, we may experience financial losses in our dealings with these third parties. A material increase in the non-payment or other non-performance by our customers and/or suppliers could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Examples of other general economic, financial and political risks include:

● a general or prolonged decline in, or shocks to, regional or broader macro-economics;

● regulatory changes that could impact the markets in which we operate, which could reduce demand for our goods and services or lead to pricing, currency, or other pressures; and

● deflationary economic pressures, which could hinder our ability to operate profitably in view of the challenges inherent in making corresponding deflationary adjustments to our cost and payment structure.

The nature of these types of risks, which are often unpredictable, makes them difficult to plan for, or otherwise mitigate, and they are generally uninsurable, which compounds their potential impact on our business. Any such event could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

***Our business operations may be materially adversely affected by negative impacts on the global economy, capital markets, or other geopolitical conditions resulting from the recent invasion of Ukraine by Russia and subsequent sanctions against Russia, Belarus, and related individuals and entities. Current volatility remains in the crude oil, fuel, and the marine fuel markets around the globe.***

The Hong Kong, Asia and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the recent invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022. In response to such an invasion, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ("NATO") deployed additional military forces to Eastern Europe. The United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, and other countries have announced various sanctions and restrictive actions against Russia, Belarus, and related individuals and entities, including the removal of certain financial institutions from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) payment system. The invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the resulting measures that have been taken, and could be taken in the future, by NATO, the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, and other countries have created global security concerns that could have a lasting impact on regional and global economies. Although the length and impact of the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine are highly unpredictable, the conflict could lead to market disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices (including the price of crude oil), credit and capital markets, as well as supply chain interruptions. Additionally, Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and lead to instability and a lack of liquidity in capital markets.

Any of the abovementioned factors, or any other negative impact on the global economy, capital markets, or other geopolitical conditions resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine and subsequent sanctions, could adversely affect our business operations. The volatility and the rise in the price of crude oil have increased our costs and prices of our services and the prices we charge to our customers for the marine fuel. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not experienced any material decrease in orders from our customers, but increases in the price of refined oil products could have an adverse impact on demand and result in lower revenues and higher costs for us which could have a material adverse impact to our results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

The extent and duration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, resulting sanctions and any related market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial, particularly if current or new sanctions continue for an extended period of time or if geopolitical tensions result in expanded military operations on a global scale. Any such disruptions may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this "Risk Factors" section, such as those related to the market for our securities, or our ability to raise equity or debt financing. If these disruptions or other matters of global concern continue for an extensive period of time, our ability to continue business operations may be materially adversely affected.

***The current tension in international trade, particularly with regard to U.S. and China trade policies, may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.***

As a Hong Kong-based bunkering facilitator, our operations are closely tied to international trade, shipping, and cross-border economic activities. Geopolitical tensions and changes in the relationships between China and other countries, including the United States and neighboring jurisdictions, could have significant adverse impacts on our business and results of operations.

In recent years, geopolitical tensions have escalated, particularly between the United States and China, leading to heightened trade disputes, increased tariffs, and regulatory uncertainty. For example, since February 2025, the U.S. government has proposed raising tariffs on a broad range of Chinese imports, while China has responded with tariff increases on U.S. goods, contributing to volatility in global trade. Although certain consumer goods, such as electronics, have been temporarily exempted from new tariffs, the broader trade environment remains unpredictable. Additionally, both countries continue to impose non-tariff measures, such as sector-specific restrictions and regulatory scrutiny, which can disrupt supply chains and global shipping patterns. As our services support the global marine fuel supply chain, any significant slowdown in international trade, port activity, or cross-border shipping as a result of these tensions could reduce the demand for our bunkering services. Increased tariffs or trade tensions between the United States and China or other key Asia-Pacific economies could disrupt supply chains, reduce cargo volumes, and alter trade routes, leading to reduced demand for vessel refueling services in the region. Furthermore, tariffs on crude oil, refined petroleum products, or shipping equipment could increase the cost of bunker fuel procurement and impact our margins or the pricing competitiveness of our services.

Moreover, the imposition of new trade barriers, sanctions, or regulatory restrictions could lead to:

● Disruptions in fuel supply sourcing or logistics;

● Increased operational costs due to compliance with changing regulatory requirements;

● Reduced demand from international shipping companies or regional operators;

● Greater difficulty in accessing certain ports, shipping lanes, or markets; and

● Heightened volatility in fuel pricing and customer demand patterns.

Although Hong Kong maintains a distinct legal and economic system under the "one country, two systems" framework, ongoing changes to the treatment of Hong Kong-origin goods and services in international trade relationships — particularly by the United States — may expose us to additional regulatory or economic risks.

Beyond tariffs and trade policies, the emergence of new foreign investment screening rules also poses potential risks. For example, in January 2025, the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the final Outbound Investment Rule under Executive Order 14105, regulating outbound investments involving China, Hong Kong, and Macau in sectors related to advanced technology. Although our current operations are not directly involved in sensitive technologies such as semiconductors or artificial intelligence, evolving foreign investment controls and national security regulations may impact investor sentiment toward Hong Kong-based companies generally and could constrain our ability to attract foreign investment or pursue cross-border expansion opportunities.

Global geopolitical developments, including the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, as well as growing protectionist policies in major economies, could further exacerbate instability in international markets. As a result, there can be no assurance that future developments in trade policy, investment regulations, or diplomatic relations will not materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

***We do not currently maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance, which could expose us and our directors and officers to significant risks.***

We intend to obtain and maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance ("D&O insurance") to cover certain liabilities incurred by our directors and officers in their capacities as such. However, as of the date of this prospectus, we have not purchased such insurance. The absence of D&O insurance could expose us, as well as our directors and officers, to significant risks, including personal liability for legal claims arising from actions taken in the course of their duties. If we are unable to obtain D&O insurance on commercially reasonable terms or at all, our directors and officers may be reluctant to serve in their roles due to the potential risk of personal liability, which could negatively impact our ability to attract and retain qualified individuals for key leadership positions. Additionally, in the event of a lawsuit or regulatory proceeding against our directors or officers, we may be required to indemnify them out of our own corporate funds, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and cash flows.

***If we fail to establish and maintain proper internal financial reporting controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.***

Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we will be required to file a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting, including an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. However, while we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm.

The presence of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting could result in financial statement errors which, in turn, could lead to errors in our financial reports and/or delays in our financial reporting, which could require us to restate our operating results. We might not identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal controls in connection with evaluating our compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, we will need to expend significant resources and provide significant management oversight. Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may require specific compliance training of our directors and employees, entail substantial costs in order to modify our existing accounting systems, take a significant period of time to complete and divert management's attention from other business concerns. These changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal control.

If we are unable to conclude that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in our operating results, the price of the Class A Ordinary Shares could decline, and we may be subject to litigation or regulatory enforcement actions. In addition, if we are unable to meet the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Class A Ordinary Shares may not be able to remain listed on Nasdaq.

**Risks Relating to Doing Business in Hong Kong**

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***All of our operations are in Hong Kong. However, due to the long-arm application of the current PRC laws and regulations, the PRC government may exercise significant direct oversight and discretion over the conduct of our business and may intervene or influence our operations, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong may be subject to certain PRC laws and regulations, which may impair our ability to operate profitably and result in a material negative impact on our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Furthermore, the changes in the policies, laws, regulations, rules, and the enforcement of laws of Mainland China may also occur quickly with little advance notice and our assertions and beliefs of the risk imposed by the Mainland China legal and regulatory system cannot be certain.***

We have no operations in Mainland China. Our Operating Subsidiary is located and operates its business in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of the PRC. Pursuant to the Basic Law of Hong Kong ("Basic Law"), national laws of Mainland China do not apply in Hong Kong unless they are listed in Annex III of the Basic Law and applied locally by promulgation or local legislation. National laws that may be listed in Annex III are currently limited under the Basic Law to those which fall within the scope of defense and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of Hong Kong. National laws and regulations relating to data protection, cybersecurity and the anti-monopoly have not been listed in Annex III and so do not apply directly to Hong Kong.

However, due to long-arm provisions under the current PRC laws and regulations, there remains regulatory and legal uncertainty with respect to the implementation of certain PRC laws and regulations to Hong Kong. As a result, there is no guarantee that the PRC government may not choose to implement the laws of Mainland China to Hong Kong and exercise significant direct influence and discretion over the operation of our Operating Subsidiary in the future and, it will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations, due to changes in laws, political arrangement, or other unforeseeable reasons.

In the event that we or our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong were to become subject to the PRC laws and regulations, the legal and operational risks associated in Mainland China may also apply to our operations in Hong Kong, and we face the risks and uncertainties associated with the legal system in the Mainland China, complex and evolving PRC laws and regulation, and as to whether and how the recent PRC government statements and regulatory developments, such as those relating to data and cyberspace security and anti-monopoly concerns, would be applicable to companies like our Operating Subsidiary and us, given the substantial operations of our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong and the PRC government may exercise significant oversight over the conduct of business in Hong Kong.

The laws and regulations in Mainland China are evolving, and their enactment timetable, interpretation, enforcement, and implementation involve significant uncertainties and may change quickly with little advance notice, along with the risk that the PRC government may intervene or influence our Operating Subsidiary's operations at any time could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our securities. Moreover, there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations related to our business and the enforcement and performance of our arrangements with clients in certain circumstances. The laws and regulations are sometimes vague and may be subject to future changes, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness and interpretation of newly enacted laws or regulations, including amendments to existing laws and regulations, may be delayed, and our business may be affected if we rely on laws and regulations which are subsequently adopted or interpreted in a manner different from our understanding of these laws and regulations. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business.

The laws, regulations, and other government directives in Mainland China may also be costly to comply with, and such compliance or any associated inquiries or investigations or any other government actions may:

● delay or impede our development;

● result in negative publicity or increase our operating costs;

● require significant management time and attention;

● cause devaluation of our securities or delisting; and,

● subject us to remedies, administrative penalties and even criminal liabilities that may harm our business, including fines assessed for our current or historical operations, or demands or orders that we modify or even cease our business operations.

We are aware that recently, the PRC government initiated a series of regulatory actions and statements to regulate business operations in certain areas in Mainland China with little advance notice, including cracking down on illegal activities in the securities market, enhancing supervision over Mainland China-based companies listed overseas using a variable interest entity structure, adopting new measures to extend the scope of cybersecurity reviews, and expanding the efforts in anti-monopoly enforcement. Based on our understanding of the PRC laws and regulations currently in effect as of the date of this prospectus, as our Operating Subsidiary is located and operates in Hong Kong, we are not currently required to obtain permission from the PRC government to list on a U.S. securities exchange. However, there is no guarantee that this will continue to be the case in the future in relation to the continued listing of our securities on a securities exchange outside of the PRC, or even when such permission is obtained, it will not be subsequently denied or rescinded.

The PRC government may intervene or influence our operations at any time or may exert control over offerings conducted overseas and foreign investment in Hong Kong-based issuers, which may result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares. For example, there is currently no restriction or limitation under the laws of Hong Kong on the conversion of HK dollar into foreign currencies and the transfer of currencies out of Hong Kong and the laws and regulations of the PRC on currency conversion control do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between the ultimate holding company and the Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to move money out of Hong Kong to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measured could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering it worthless.

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***There remain some uncertainties as to whether we will be required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities in the future, and if required, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such approval. We may become subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding data security in relation to offerings that are conducted overseas, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and may hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.***

On June 10, 2021, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enacted the PRC Data Security Law, which took effect on September 1, 2021. The law requires data collection to be conducted in a legitimate and proper manner, and stipulates that, for the purpose of data protection, data processing activities must be conducted based on data classification and hierarchical protection system for data security.

On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued a document to crack down on illegal activities in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market, which, among other things, requires the relevant governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws.

On August 20, 2021, the 30<sup>th</sup> meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13<sup>th</sup> National People's Congress voted and passed the "Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", or "PRC Personal Information Protection Law," or the "PIPL," which became effective on November 1, 2021. The PRC Personal Information Protection Law applies to the processing of personal information of natural persons within the territory of China that is carried out outside of China where (1) such processing is for the purpose of providing products or services for natural persons within China, (2) such processing is to analyze or evaluate the behavior of natural persons within China, or (3) there are any other circumstances stipulated by related laws and administrative regulations. Pursuant to the PIPL, personal data processors ("data processors") shall meet one of the conditions in order to transmit personal information overseas for their business operations: (i) passing the security evaluation organized by the Cyberspace Administration of China (the "CAC"); (ii) acquiring personal information protection certification from the professional organizations regulated by the CAC; (iii) adopting the standard contract forms stipulated by the CAC when entering into contracts with overseas information receivers, setting forth the rights and obligations of the parties; and (iv) other conditions regulated by laws, regulations and the CAC. Prior to the cross-border provision of personal information of the natural persons, personal information processors shall obtain the approval of the corresponding natural persons and advise them of the overseas receiver's name, contact information, processing purpose and methods, classification of personal information and information reception procedures, etc.

On December 28, 2021, the CAC jointly with the relevant authorities formally published Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) which took effect on February 15, 2022 and replace the former Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2020) issued on July 10, 2021. Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) stipulates that in addition to "operator of critical information infrastructure," any "data processor" carrying out data processing activities that affect or may affect national security should also be subject to cybersecurity review, and further elaborated the factors to be considered when assessing the national security risks of the relevant activities, including, among others, (i) the risk of core data, important data or a large amount of personal information being stolen, leaked, destroyed, and illegally used or transferred outside the country; and (ii) the risk of critical information infrastructure, core data, important data or a large amount of personal information being affected, controlled, or maliciously used by foreign governments after listing abroad. CAC has said that under the proposed rules companies holding data on more than one million users must apply for cybersecurity approval when seeking listings in other nations because of the risk that such data and personal information could be "affected, controlled, and maliciously exploited by foreign governments." The cybersecurity review will also investigate the potential national security risks from overseas IPOs.

On December 24, 2021, the China Securities Regulatory Commission ("CSRC"), together with other relevant government authorities in China issued the Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments), and the Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (Draft for Comments) ("Draft Overseas Listing Regulations"). The Draft Overseas Listing Regulations requires that a PRC domestic enterprise seeking to issue and list its shares overseas ("Overseas Issuance and Listing") shall complete the filing procedures of and submit the relevant information to CSRC. The Overseas Issuance and Listing includes direct and indirect issuance and listing.

Where an enterprise whose principal business activities are conducted in PRC seeks to issue and list its shares in the name of an overseas enterprise ("Overseas Issuer") on the basis of the equity, assets, income or other similar rights and interests of the relevant PRC domestic enterprise, such activities shall be deemed an indirect overseas issuance and listing ("Indirect Overseas Issuance and Listing") under the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the "Trial Administrative Measures"), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. Compared to the Draft Overseas Listing Regulations, the Trial Administrative Measures further clarified and emphasized that the comprehensive determination of the "indirect overseas offering and listing by PRC domestic companies" shall comply with the principle of "substance over form" and particularly, an issuer will be required to go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures if the following criteria are met at the same time: a) 50% or more of the issuer's operating revenue, total profits, total assets or net assets as documented in its audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent accounting year are accounted for by PRC domestic companies, and b) the main parts of the issuer's business activities are conducted in Mainland China, or its main places of business are located in Mainland China, or the senior managers in charge of its business operation and management are mostly Chinese citizens or domiciled in Mainland China. On the same day, the CSRC held a press conference for the release of the Trial Administrative Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which, among others, provided the exemption from immediate filings for issuers that a) have been listed or have been registered but not yet listed in foreign securities markets, including U.S. markets, prior to the effective date of the Trial Administrative Measures, b) are not required to re-perform the regulatory procedures with the relevant overseas regulatory authority or the overseas stock exchange, and c) will complete the overseas securities offering and listing before September 30, 2023. Nonetheless, such issuers shall carry out the filing procedures as required if they subsequently conduct refinancing or are involved in other circumstances that require filings with the CSRC. Furthermore, the Trial Administrative Measures and its supporting guidelines provide a negative list of types of issuers banned from listing overseas, the issuers' obligation to comply with national security measures and the personal data protection laws, and certain other matters such as the requirements that an issuer (i) file with the CSRC within three business days after it submits an application for initial public offering to the competent overseas regulator and (ii) file subsequent reports with the CSRC on material events, including change of control and voluntary or forced delisting, after its overseas offering and listing.

Although our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong may collect and store certain data (including certain personal information) from our clients, some of whom may be individuals in Mainland China, in connection with our business and operations for "Know Your Customers" purpose, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we and our Operating Subsidiary will not be deemed to be an "operator of critical information infrastructure," any "data processor" carrying out data processing activities, and we are not subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC required to obtain regulatory approval from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for our and our subsidiaries' operations Hong Kong, since (i) our Operating Subsidiary is incorporated and operating in Hong Kong only without any subsidiary or variable interest entity structure in Mainland China, and it is unclear whether the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) shall be applied to a Hong Kong company; (ii) as of date of this prospectus, our Operating Subsidiary has in aggregate collected and stored the personal information of less than one thousand individuals in Mainland China only and we have acquired the clients' separate consents for collecting and storing of their personal information and data; (iii) we do not place any reliance on collection and processing of any personal information to maintain our business operation; (iv) data processed in our business should not have a bearing on national security nor affect or may affect national security; (v) all of the data our Operating Subsidiary have collected is stored in servers located in Hong Kong; and (vi) as of the date of this prospectus, neither we or our Operating Subsidiary has been informed by any PRC governmental authority of being classified as "operator of critical information infrastructure" or "data processor" that is subject to CAC cybersecurity review or a CSRC review.

Furthermore, based on laws and regulations currently in effect in the PRC as of the date of this prospectus, as advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, we are not required to obtain regulatory approval from the CSRC or go through the filing procedures under the Trial Administrative Measures before our Class A Ordinary Shares can be listed or offered in the U.S since neither we, nor our subsidiaries, are "PRC domestic companies" which subject to the Trial Administrative Measure, because (i) we are headquartered in Hong Kong, with our officers and all members of the board of directors based in Hong Kong who are not Mainland China citizens; (ii) we do not, directly or indirectly, own or control any entity or subsidiary in Mainland China, nor is it controlled by any Mainland Chinese company or individual directly or indirectly; (iii) we only operate in Hong Kong, all of our revenues and profits are generated by our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, none of our business activities are conducted in Mainland China, and we have not generated revenues or profits from Mainland China in the most recent accounting year accounts for more than 50% of the corresponding figure in our audited consolidated financial statements for the same period; (iv) we do not have or intend to set up any subsidiary or enter into any contractual arrangements to establish a variable interest entity structure with any entity in Mainland China; (v) pursuant to the Basic Law of Hong Kong, or the Basic Law, PRC laws and regulations shall not be applied in Hong Kong except for those listed in Annex III of the Basic Law (which is confined to laws relating to national defense, foreign affairs and other matters that are not within the scope of autonomy).

However, as further advised by our PRC Counsel, China Commercial Law Firm, given the uncertainties arising from the legal system in Mainland China and Hong Kong, including uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of the PRC laws and regulations and the significant authority of the PRC government to intervene or influence the offshore holding company headquartered in Hong Kong, there remains significant uncertainty in the interpretation and enforcement of the Trial Administrative Measures, PIPL, relevant Mainland China data privacy, cybersecurity laws and other regulations. It is highly uncertain how soon the legislative or administrative regulation-making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified or promulgated, if any. It is also highly uncertain what the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on the daily business operations of our Operating Subsidiary and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the U.S. or other foreign exchanges. As the Trial Administrative Measures are newly issued, there remains uncertainty as to how it will be interpreted or implemented. Therefore, we cannot assure you that when and whether we will be subject to such filing requirements, or will be able to get clearance from the CSRC in a timely manner, or at all, even though we believe that none of the situations that would clearly prohibit overseas listing and offering applies to us.

Although we are currently not required to obtain approvals from the PRC authorities to operate our business or list on the U.S. exchanges and offer securities, specifically, we are currently not required to obtain any permission or approval from the CSRC, the CAC or any other PRC governmental authority to operate our business or to list our securities on a U.S. securities exchange or issue securities to foreign investors, we cannot assure you that PRC regulatory agencies, including the CAC, would take the same view as we do, and there is no assurance that we can fully or timely comply with such laws. There remains uncertainty as to how the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021) will be interpreted or implemented and the relevant PRC governmental authority may not take a view that is consistent with ours. Also, significant uncertainty exists in relation to the interpretation and enforcement of relevant PRC cybersecurity laws and regulations. If we were deemed to be an "operator of critical information infrastructure" or a "data processor" controlling personal information of no less than one million users under the Measures, or if other regulations promulgated in relation to the Measures are deemed to apply to us, our business operations and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the U.S. could be subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC, in the future. In the event that we are subject to any mandatory cybersecurity review and other specific actions required by the CAC, we face uncertainty as to whether any clearance or other required actions can be completed in a timely fashion or at all. Given such uncertainty, we may be further required to suspend our relevant business, shut down our website, or face other penalties which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Furthermore, if the Trial Administrative Measures, Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PIPL, become applicable to us or our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong, our operation and the continued listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares in the United States could be subject to the CAC's cybersecurity review or the CSRC Overseas Issuance and Listing review in the future. If the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and our Operating Subsidiary become subject to the CAC or CSRC review, we cannot assure you that our Operating Subsidiary will be able to comply with the regulatory requirements in all respects and our current practice of collecting and processing personal information may be ordered to be rectified or terminated by regulatory authorities. Compliance with these laws and regulations could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future. If there is a significant change to the current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and/or if we were required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future in connection with the continued listing of our securities on a stock exchange outside of the PRC, it is uncertain how long it will take for us to obtain such approval, and, even if we obtain such approval, the approval could be rescinded. Any failure to obtain or a delay in obtaining the necessary permissions from the PRC authorities to conduct offerings or list outside of the PRC may subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC, CAC, or other PRC regulatory authorities. It could include fines and penalties, proceedings against us, and other forms of sanctions, and our ability to conduct our business, invest into the Mainland China as foreign investments or accept foreign investments, ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors or list on the U.S. or other overseas exchange may be restricted, and the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares may significantly decline or be worthless, our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding such an approval requirement could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our securities.

***Compliance with Hong Kong's Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and any such other existing or future data privacy related laws, regulations and governmental orders may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.***

Although we are not required to obtain regulatory approval regarding the data privacy and personal information requirements from the CAC nor any other PRC authorities for ours and our Operating Subsidiary's operations in Hong Kong, we are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding data privacy and protection in Hong Kong.

In particular, the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486 of the laws of Hong Kong) ("PDPO") imposes a duty on any data user who, either alone or jointly with other persons, controls the collection, holding, processing or use of any personal data which relates directly or indirectly to a living individual and can be used to identify that individual. Under the PDPO, data users shall take all practicable steps to protect the personal data they hold from any unauthorized or accidental access, processing, erasure, loss, or use. Once collected, such personal data should not be kept longer than necessary for the fulfilment of the purpose for which it is or is to be used and shall be erased if it is no longer required, unless erasure is prohibited by law or is not in the public interest. The PDPO also confers on the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data ("Privacy Commissioner") power to conduct investigations and institute prosecutions. The data protection principles (collectively, the "DPP"), which are contained in Schedule 1 to the PDPO, outline how data users should collect, handle, and use personal data, complemented by other provisions imposing further compliance requirements. The collective objective of DPPs is to ensure that personal data is collected on a fully informed basis and in a fair manner, with due consideration towards minimizing the amount of personal data collected. Once collected, the personal data should be processed in a secure manner and should only be kept for as long as necessary for the fulfilment of the purposes of using the data. Use of the data should be limited to or related to the original collection purpose. Data subjects are given certain rights, inter alia: (a) the right to be informed by a data user whether the data user holds personal data of which the individual is the data subject; (b) if the data user holds such data, to be supplied with a copy of such data; and (c) the right to request correction of any data they consider to be inaccurate. The Commissioner may carry out criminal investigations and institute prosecution for certain offenses. Depending on the severity of the cases, the Privacy Commissioner will decide whether to prosecute or refer cases involving suspected commission to the Department of Justice of Hong Kong. Victims may also seek compensation by civil action from data users for damage caused by a contravention of the PDPO. The Commissioner may provide legal assistance to the aggrieved data subjects if the Commissioner deems fit to do so. See "Item 4. Information on the Company – 4.B. Business Overview - Regulation" on page 44 of our 2024 Annual Report.

We believe that we have been in compliance with the data privacy and personal information requirements of the PDPO. Moreover, we do not expect to be subject to any cybersecurity review by Hong Kong and PRC government authorities for future offering. However, if we or our Operating Subsidiary conducting business operations in Hong Kong have violated certain provisions of the PDPO, we could face significant civil penalties and/or criminal prosecution, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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***If the PRC government chooses to extend the oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in Mainland China-based issuers to Hong Kong-based issuers, such action may significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares to significantly decline or be worthless.***

Recent statements, laws and regulations by the PRC government, including the Measures for Cybersecurity Review (2021), the PRC Personal Information Protection Law and the Trial Administrative Measures published by CSRC on February 17, 2023, which came into effect on March 31, 2023, also have indicated an intent to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Mainland China-based issuers. It remains uncertain as to the enactment, interpretation and implementation of regulatory requirements related to overseas securities offering and other capital markets activities and due to the possibility that laws, regulations, or policies in the PRC could change rapidly in the future.

It remains uncertain whether the PRC government will adopt additional requirements or extend the existing requirements to apply to our Operating Subsidiary located in Hong Kong. It is also uncertain whether the Hong Kong government will be mandated by the PRC government, despite the constitutional constraints of the Basic Law, to control over offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investment of entities in Hong Kong, including our Operating Subsidiary. Any actions by the PRC government to exert more oversight and control over offerings (including of businesses whose primary operations are in Hong Kong) that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in Hong Kong-based issuers could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors. If there is a significant change to current political arrangements between Mainland China and Hong Kong, or the applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change, and, in such event, if we are required to obtain such approvals in the future and we do not receive or maintain the approvals or is denied permission from Mainland China or Hong Kong authorities, we will not be able to list our Class A Ordinary Shares on a U.S. exchange, or continue to offer securities to investors, which would materially affect the interests of the investors and cause significant the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares significantly decline or be worthless.

***The enactment of the law of the PRC on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the "Hong Kong National Security Law") could impact our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business.***

On June 30, 2020, the Standing Committee of the PRC National People's Congress adopted the Hong Kong National Security Law. This law defines the duties and government bodies of the Hong Kong National Security Law for safeguarding national security and four categories of offenses — secession, subversion, terrorist activities, and collusion with a foreign country or external elements to endanger national security — and their corresponding penalties. On July 14, 2020, former U.S. President Donald Trump signed into law the Hong Kong Autonomy Act ("HKAA"), into law, authorizing the U.S. administration to impose blocking sanctions against individuals and entities determined to have materially contributed to the erosion of Hong Kong's autonomy. On August 7, 2020, the U.S. government imposed HKAA-authorized sanctions on eleven individuals, including former and current Chief Executives of HKSAR, Carrie Lam and John Lee, respectively. On October 14, 2020, the U.S. State Department submitted to relevant committees of Congress the report required under HKAA, identifying persons materially contributing to "the failure of the Government of China to meet its obligations under the Joint Declaration or the Basic Law." The HKAA further authorizes secondary sanctions, including the imposition of blocking sanctions, against foreign financial institutions that knowingly conduct a significant transaction with foreign persons sanctioned under this authority. The imposition of sanctions may directly affect foreign financial institutions and any third parties or clients dealing with any foreign financial institution that is targeted. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the Hong Kong National Security Law and HKAA on Hong Kong and companies located in Hong Kong. If our Hong Kong subsidiaries, which represent substantially all of our business, are determined to be in violation of the Hong Kong National Security Law or the HKAA by competent authorities, our business operations, financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

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***The enforcement of laws and rules and regulations in PRC can change quickly with little advance notice. Additionally, the PRC laws and regulations and the enforcement of such that apply or are to be applied to Hong Kong can change quickly with little or no advance notice. As a result, the Hong Kong legal system embodies uncertainties which could limit the availability of legal protections, which could result in a material change in our Operating Subsidiary's operations and/or the value of the securities we are offering.***

As one of the conditions for the handover of the sovereignty of Hong Kong to the PRC, the PRC accepted conditions such as Hong Kong's Basic Law. According to Article 18 of the Basic Law, national laws of the PRC shall not be applied in Hong Kong, except for those listed in Annex III to the Basic Law, such as the laws relating to the national flag, national anthem, and diplomatic privileges and immunities. The Basic Law guaranteed a high degree of autonomy for Hong Kong which ensured Hong Kong will retain its currency (the Hong Kong Dollar), legal system, parliamentary system, and people's rights and freedom for fifty years from 1997. This agreement has given Hong Kong the freedom to function with a high degree of autonomy. The Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong is responsible for its domestic affairs, including, but not limited to, the judiciary and courts of last resort, immigration, and customs, public finance, currencies, and extradition. Hong Kong continues using the English common law system. However, if there are any changes in relation to the political arrangements which allow Hong Kong to function autonomously, this could potentially impact Hong Kong's common law legal system and may in turn bring about uncertainty in, for example, the enforcement of our contractual rights. This could, in turn, materially and adversely affect our Operating Subsidiary's business and operations. Accordingly, we cannot predict the effect of future developments in the Hong Kong legal system, including the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, or the pre-emption of local regulations by national laws. These uncertainties could limit the legal protections available to us, including the ability to enforce agreements with our customers.

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***There are political risks associated with conducting business in Hong Kong.***

All of our operations are in Hong Kong. During the period covered by the financial information incorporated by reference into and included in this prospectus, we derive all of our revenue from operations in Hong Kong. Accordingly, the business operations and financial conditions of our Operating Subsidiary will be affected by the political and legal developments in Hong Kong. Any adverse economic, social and/or political conditions, material social unrest, strike, riot, civil disturbance or disobedience, as well as significant natural disasters, may affect the market and may adversely affect our operations. Given the relatively small geographical size of Hong Kong, any of such incidents may have a widespread effect on our business operations, which could in turn adversely and materially affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Hong Kong is a special administrative region of the PRC and the basic policies of the PRC regarding Hong Kong are reflected in the Basic Law, namely, Hong Kong's constitutional document, which provides Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy and executive, legislative and independent judicial powers, including that of final adjudication under the principle of "one country, two systems". However, there is no assurance that there will not be any changes in the political arrangement between PRC and Hong Kong and the economic, political and legal environment in Hong Kong in the future. Since all of our operations are based in Hong Kong, any change of such political arrangements may pose an adverse impact to the stability of the economy in Hong Kong, thereby directly and adversely affecting our results of operations and financial positions.

Based on certain recent development including the Hong Kong National Security Law that was passed in June 2020, the U.S. State Department has indicated that the United States no longer considers Hong Kong to have significant autonomy from China and President Trump issued an executive order and signed into law the HKAA, to remove Hong Kong's preferential trade status and to authorize the U.S. administration to impose blocking sanctions against individuals and entities who are determined to have materially contributed to the erosion of Hong Kong's autonomy. The United States may impose the same tariffs and other trade restrictions on exports from Hong Kong that it places on goods from Mainland China. These and other recent actions may represent an escalation in political and trade tensions involving the U.S, Mainland China, and Hong Kong, which could potentially harm our business. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the HKAA on Hong Kong and companies with operations in Hong Kong like us. Furthermore, legislative or administrative actions in respect of China-U.S. relations could cause investor uncertainty for affected issuers, including us, and the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares could be adversely affected.

***Because our business is conducted in Hong Kong dollars and the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is quoted in United States dollars, changes in currency conversion rates may affect the value of your investments.***

Since our business is conducted in Hong Kong, our books and records are maintained in Hong Kong dollars, which is the currency of Hong Kong, and the financial statements that we file with the SEC and provide to our shareholders are presented in United States dollars. Changes in the exchange rate between the Hong Kong dollar and U.S. dollar affect the value of our assets and the results of our operations in United States dollars. The value of the Hong Kong dollar against the United States dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the Hong Kong's political and economic conditions and perceived changes in the economy of Hong Kong and the United States. Any significant revaluation of the Hong Kong dollar may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenue and financial condition. Further, our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus are denominated in United States dollars, we will need to convert the net proceeds we receive into Hong Kong dollar in order to use the funds for our business. Changes in the conversion rate between the United States dollar and the Hong Kong dollar will affect that amount of proceeds we will have available for our business.

Since 1983, Hong Kong dollars have been pegged to the U.S. dollars at the rate of approximately HK$7.80 to US$1.00. We cannot assure you that this policy will not be changed in the future. If the pegging system collapses and Hong Kong dollars suffer devaluation, the Hong Kong dollar cost of our expenditures denominated in foreign currency may increase. This would in turn adversely affect the operations and profitability of our business.

**Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure**

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***Our corporate actions are and will be, after this offering, substantially controlled by our Controlling Shareholder, PTLE Limited, which has and will have the ability to control or exert significant influence over important corporate matters that require approval of shareholders, which may deprive you of an opportunity to receive a premium for your Class A Ordinary Shares and materially reduce the value of your investment. Additionally, we may be deemed to be a "controlled company" and may follow certain exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that could adversely affect our public shareholders.***

As of the date of this prospectus, 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares are held by public shareholders and 100% of our total issued and outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares are owned by PTLE Limited, which is wholly owned by Ms. Ying Ying Chow, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Each of the Class A Ordinary Shares has one vote per share, while each of the Class B Ordinary Shares has fifty (50) votes per share. As such, the 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares owned by PTLE Limited represent approximately 95.54% of the total voting power of our outstanding share capital. Following this offering, PTLE Limited will still hold more than 50% of the voting power, and, as a result, we will continue to be a "controlled company" as defined under Nasdaq Listing Rules. Accordingly, PTLE Limited will have significant influence in determining the outcome of any corporate transaction or other matter submitted to the shareholders for approval, including mergers, consolidations, election of directors and other significant corporate actions.

The interests of our Controlling Shareholder may differ from the interests of our other shareholders. The concentration of ownership may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including those who purchase Class A Ordinary Shares in this offering. Without the consent of our Controlling Shareholder, we may be prevented from entering into transactions that could be beneficial to us or our other shareholders. The concentration in the ownership of our shares may cause a material decline in the value of our shares.

Under the Nasdaq listing rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group, or another company is a "controlled company" and is permitted to elect to rely, and may rely, on certain exemptions from the obligation to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:

● the requirement that our director nominees must be selected or recommended solely by independent directors; and

● the requirement that we have a corporate governance and nominating committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee's purpose and responsibilities.

Although we do not intend to rely on the "controlled company" exemptions under the Nasdaq listing rules even if we are deemed to be a "controlled company," we could elect to rely on these exemptions in the future. If we were to elect to rely on the "controlled company" exemptions, a majority of the members of our board of directors might not be independent directors and our nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees might not consist entirely of independent directors. Accordingly, if we rely on the exemptions, during the period we remain a controlled company and during any transition period following a time when we are no longer a controlled company, you would not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.

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***We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have. In the future, funds may not be available to fund operations or for other uses outside of Hong Kong, due to interventions in, or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on, our ability or our subsidiary by the PRC government to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business and might materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares or cause them to be worthless.***

PTL is a holding company incorporated in the BVI, and we rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and service any debt we may incur. We do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. If any of our subsidiaries incurs debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

Under the current practice of the Inland Revenue Department of Hong Kong, no tax is payable in Hong Kong in respect of dividends paid by us. There are no restrictions or limitations under the laws of Hong Kong imposed on the conversion of Hong Kong dollar into foreign currencies and the remittance of currencies out of Hong Kong, nor is there any restriction on any foreign exchange to transfer cash between PTL and its subsidiaries, across borders and to U.S. investors, nor there is any restrictions and limitations to distribute earnings from the subsidiaries, to PTL and U.S. investors and amounts owed.

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Currently, the PRC law and regulations and foreign currency control in Mainland China do not currently have any material impact on the transfer of cash between PTL and our Operating Subsidiary, or vice versa. However, the PRC government may, in the future, impose restrictions or limitations on our ability to transfer money out of Hong Kong, to distribute earnings and pay dividends to and from the other entities within our organization, or to reinvest in our business outside of Hong Kong. Such restrictions and limitations, if imposed in the future, may delay or hinder the expansion of our business to outside of Hong Kong and may affect our ability to receive funds from our Operating Subsidiary in Hong Kong. The promulgation of new laws or regulations, or the new interpretation of existing laws and regulations, in each case, that restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or way we conduct our business, could require us to change certain aspects of our business to ensure compliance, which could decrease demand for our services, reduce revenues, increase costs, require us to obtain more licenses, permits, approvals or certificates, or subject us to additional liabilities. To the extent any new or more stringent measures are required to be implemented, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected and such measures could materially decrease the value of our Class A Ordinary Shares, potentially rendering them worthless. Further, any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business.

***You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management based on Hong Kong laws.***

Currently, our Operating Subsidiary's operations are conducted outside the United States, and all of our assets are located outside the United States. All of our directors and officers reside outside of the United States, and a substantial portion of their assets are located in Hong Kong outside the United States. You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management, as judgments entered in the United States can be enforced in Hong Kong only at common law. If you want to enforce a judgment of the United States in Hong Kong, it must be a final judgment conclusive upon the merits of the claim, for a liquidated amount in a civil matter and not in respect of taxes, fines, penalties, or similar charges, the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were not contrary to natural justice, and the enforcement of the judgment is not contrary to public policy of Hong Kong. Such a judgment must be for a fixed sum and must also come from a "competent" court as determined by the private international law rules applied by the Hong Kong courts.

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***You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under BVI law.***

We are a BVI business company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the BVI. Our corporate affairs are governed by our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The rights of shareholders to take action against our directors, actions by our minority shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors to us under the BVI law are governed by the BVI Act and the common law of the BVI. The common law of the BVI is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the BVI as well as from the common law of England and the wider Commonwealth, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the BVI. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors under the BVI law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States. Some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the BVI. In addition, the BVI companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States.

Shareholders of a BVI company could, however, bring a derivative action in the BVI courts, and there is a clear statutory right to commence such derivative claims under Section 184C of the BVI Act. The circumstances in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a BVI company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The BVI courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the BVI, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the BVI of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the BVI will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. The BVI Act offers some limited protection of minority shareholders. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may apply to the BVI court for an order directing the company or its director(s) to comply with, or restraining the company or a director from engaging in conduct that contravenes, the BVI Act. Under the BVI Act, the minority shareholders have a statutory right to bring a derivative action in the name of and on behalf of the company in circumstances where a company has a cause of action against its directors. This remedy is available at the discretion of the BVI court. A shareholder may also bring an action against the company for breach of duty owed to him as a shareholder. A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being or likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory, or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, may apply to the BVI court for an order to remedy the situation.

There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law. Under the general rule pursuant to English common law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company's affairs by the majority or the Board of Directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to BVI law and the constituent documents of the company. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the requirements of company law, then the courts may grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe or are about to infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders. This means that even if shareholders were to sue us successfully, they may not be able to recover anything to make up for the losses suffered.

Under the laws of the BVI, the rights of minority shareholders are protected by provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies and other remedies available under common law (in tort or contractual remedies). The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constitutional documents of the company (i.e. the memorandum and articles of association) as shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the BVI Act and the memorandum and articles of association of the company. A shareholder may also bring an action under statute if he feels that the affairs of the company have been or will be carried out in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial or discriminating or oppressive to him. The BVI Act also provides for certain other protections for minority shareholders, including in respect of investigation of the company and inspection of the company books and records. There are also common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English common law, since the common law of the BVI for business companies is limited.

Certain corporate governance practices in the BVI, where our holding company was incorporated, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. If we choose to follow the BVI' practice in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.

As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulties in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by our management, or members of our board of directors than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. A description of the registrant's Class A Ordinary Shares is incorporated herein by reference to our 2024 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on May 15, 2025.

**Risks Relating to our Class A Ordinary Shares and this Offering**

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***Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be prohibited from being traded on a national exchange under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting of our Class A Ordinary Shares, or the threat of their being delisted, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA to require the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchanges if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three.***

The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCAA, was enacted on December 18, 2020. The HFCAA states if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting firm that has not been subject to inspection by the PCAOB for three consecutive years beginning in 2021, the SEC shall prohibit our shares from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the United States.

On March 24, 2021, the SEC adopted interim final rules relating to the implementation of certain disclosure and documentation requirements of the HFCAA. A company will be required to comply with these rules if the SEC identifies it as having a "non-inspection" year under a process to be subsequently established by the SEC. The SEC is assessing how to implement other requirements of the HFCAA, including the listing and trading prohibition requirements described above. Furthermore, on June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the "AHFCAA"), which was signed into law on December 29, 2022, amending the HFCAA and requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer's securities from trading on any U.S. stock exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years. On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities in that jurisdiction. On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize rules implementing the submission and disclosure requirements in the HFCAA. The rules apply to registrants that the SEC identifies as having filed an annual report with an audit report issued by a registered public accounting firm that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and that PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in foreign jurisdictions. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report which found that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in: (i) Mainland China, and (ii) Hong Kong.

On August 26, 2022, the PCAOB announced and signed a Statement of Protocol (the "Protocol") with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC. The Protocol provides the PCAOB with: (1) sole discretion to select the firms, audit engagements and potential violations it inspects and investigates, without any involvement of Chinese authorities; (2) procedures for PCAOB inspectors and investigators to view complete audit work papers with all information included and for the PCAOB to retain information as needed; (3) direct access to interview and take testimony from all personnel associated with the audits the PCAOB inspects or investigates.

On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a new Determination Report which: (1) vacated the December 16, 2021 Determination Report; and (2) concluded that the PCAOB has been able to conduct inspections and investigations completely in the PRC in 2022. The December 15, 2022 Determination Report cautions, however, that authorities in the PRC might take positions at any time that would prevent the PCAOB from continuing to inspect or investigate completely. As required by the HFCAA, if in the future the PCAOB determines it no longer can inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the PRC, the PCAOB will act expeditiously to consider whether it should issue a new determination. The PCAOB continues to demand complete access in mainland China and Hong Kong moving forward and resumed regular inspections in early 2023 and beyond, as well as to continue pursuing ongoing investigations and initiate new investigations as needed.

Our current auditor, FundCertify CPA Professional Corporation ("FundCertify"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Cary, North Carolina, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess FundCertify's compliance with applicable professional standards. FundCertify is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong. Our previous auditor, J&S Associate PLT ("J&S"), an independent registered public accounting firm headquartered in Malaysia, is a firm registered with the PCAOB, that is subject to laws in the United States pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess J&S's compliance with applicable professional standards. J&S is not subject to the Determination Report announced by the PCAOB relating to the PCAOB's inability to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in Mainland China or Hong Kong because of a position taken by one or more authorities in Mainland China or Hong Kong.

The SEC may propose additional rules or guidance that could impact us if our auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspection. For example, on August 6, 2020, the President's Working Group on Financial Markets, or the PWG, issued the Report on Protecting United States Investors from Significant Risks from Chinese Companies to the then President of the United States. This report recommended the SEC implement five recommendations to address companies from jurisdictions that do not provide the PCAOB with sufficient access to fulfil its statutory mandate. Some of the concepts of these recommendations were implemented with the enactment of the HFCAA. However, some of the recommendations were more stringent than the HFCAA. For example, if a company's auditor was not subject to PCAOB inspection, the report recommended that the transition period before a company would be delisted would end on January 1, 2022.

The SEC has announced that the SEC staff is preparing a consolidated proposal for the rules regarding the implementation of the HFCAA and to address the recommendations in the PWG report. It is unclear when the SEC will complete its rulemaking and when such rules will become effective and what, if any, of the PWG recommendations will be adopted. The implications of this possible regulation in addition to the requirements of the HFCAA Act are uncertain. Such uncertainty could cause the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to be materially and adversely affected, and our securities could be delisted or prohibited from being traded on the national securities exchange earlier than would be required by the HFCAA. If our Class A Ordinary Shares are unable to be listed on another securities exchange by then, such a delisting would substantially impair your ability to sell or purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares when you wish to do so, and the risk and uncertainty associated with a potential delisting would have a negative impact on the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

Further, new laws and regulations or changes in laws and regulations in both the United States and the PRC could affect our ability to list our Class A Ordinary Shares, which could materially impair the market for and market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

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***We may experience extreme stock price volatility unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares.***

The trading prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares are likely to be highly volatile and could fluctuate widely due to factors beyond our control. This may happen due to broad market and industry factors, such as performance and fluctuation in the market prices or underperformance or deteriorating financial results of other listed companies based in Hong Kong and China. The securities of some of these companies have experienced significant volatility since their initial public offerings, including, in some cases, substantial price declines in the trading prices of their securities. The trading performances of other Hong Kong and Chinese companies' securities after their offerings may affect the attitudes of investors towards Hong Kong-based U.S.–listed companies, which consequently may affect the trading performance of our Class A Ordinary Shares, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, any negative news or perceptions about inadequate corporate governance practices or fraudulent accounting, corporate structure or matters of other Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese companies may also negatively affect the attitudes of investors towards Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese companies in general, including us, regardless of whether we have conducted any inappropriate activities. Furthermore, securities markets may from time to time experience significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to our operating performance, which may have a material and adverse effect on the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

In addition to the above factors, the price and trading volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be highly volatile due to multiple factors, including the following:

● regulatory developments affecting us or our industry;

● variations in our revenues, profit, and cash flow;

● the general market reactions and financial market fluctuation due to the continuous Russo-Ukraine conflicts;

● changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other marine transportation services providers or bunkering facilitators; and political, social and economic conditions in the PRC, Hong Kong and Asia;

● actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial results of operations and changes or revisions of our expected results;

● fluctuations of exchange rates among Hong Kong dollar, Renminbi, and the U.S. dollar;

● changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

● detrimental negative publicity about us, our services, our officers, directors, other beneficial owners, professional parties we partner with, or our industry;

● announcements by us or our competitors of new service offerings, acquisitions, strategic relationships, joint ventures, capital raisings or capital commitments;

● additions to or departures of our senior management;

● litigation or regulatory proceedings involving us, our officers, or directors;

● release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares; and

● sales or perceived potential sales of additional Class A Ordinary Shares.

Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price at which our Class A Ordinary Shares will trade.

Recently, there have been instances of extreme stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines and strong stock price volatility with a number of recent initial public offerings, especially among companies with relatively smaller public floats. As a relatively small-capitalization company with relatively small public float, we may experience greater stock price volatility, extreme price run-ups, lower trading volume and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies. In particular, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be subject to rapid and substantial price volatility, low volumes of trades and large spreads in bid and ask prices. Such volatility, including any stock-run up, may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance, financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

In addition, if the trading volumes of our Class A Ordinary Shares are low, persons buying or selling in relatively small quantities may easily influence prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares. This low volume of trades could also cause the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to fluctuate greatly, with large percentage changes in price occurring in any trading day session. Holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares may also not be able to readily liquidate their investment or may be forced to sell at depressed prices due to low volume trading. Broad market fluctuations and general economic and political conditions may also adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. As a result of this volatility, investors may experience losses on their investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares. A decline in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional shares of Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. No assurance can be given that an active market in our Class A Ordinary Shares will develop or be sustained. If an active market does not develop, holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares may be unable to readily sell the shares they hold or may not be able to sell their shares at all.

In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management's attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

***The market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares has recently declined significantly, and our Class A Ordinary Shares could be delisted from Nasdaq or trading could be suspended.***

The listing of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market is contingent on our compliance with the Nasdaq Capital Market's conditions for continued listing. The Company received a written notification on July 18, 2025, from the staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC regarding the Company's failure to comply with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), which requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of US$1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days (the "Minimum Bid Price Requirement"), as well as Rule 5550(b)(2), which requires a company to maintain the minimum market value of listed securities (the "MVLS") of US$35 million for continued listing of the Company's Class A Ordinary Shares of no par value each on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the "MLVS Requirement"). The Company had been granted a 180-day extension until January 14, 2026, to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Minimum Bid Price Requirement and MLVS requirement. The Company intends to monitor its market value of publicly held shares between now and January 14, 2026, and intends to cure the deficiency within the prescribed grace period. During this time, the Company expects that its Class A Ordinary Shares will continue to be listed and traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If the Company does not regain compliance by the Compliance Deadline, the Company will receive further written notification from Nasdaq that its securities are subject to delisting. At that time, the Company may qualify for additional time or appeal the delisting determination to a hearing panel.

Our Class A Ordinary Shares will continue to be listed and traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market, subject to our compliance with the other listing requirements of the Nasdaq Capital Market. We cannot assure you that we will not receive other deficiency notifications from Nasdaq in the future. A decline in the closing price of our Class A Ordinary Shares could result in a breach of the requirements for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we do not maintain compliance, Nasdaq could commence suspension or delisting procedures in respect of our Class A Ordinary Shares. The commencement of suspension or delisting procedures by an exchange remains at the discretion of such exchange and would be publicly announced by the exchange. If a suspension or delisting were to occur, there would be significantly less liquidity in the suspended or delisted securities. In addition, our ability to raise additional necessary capital through equity or debt financing would be greatly impaired. Furthermore, with respect to any suspended or delisted Class A Ordinary Shares, we would expect decreases in institutional and other investor demand, analyst coverage, market-making activity and information available concerning trading prices and volume, and fewer broker-dealers would be willing to execute trades with respect to such Class A Ordinary Shares. A suspension or delisting would likely decrease the attractiveness of our Class A Ordinary Shares to investors and cause the trading volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline, which could result in a further decline in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

***In the event that our Class A Ordinary Shares are delisted from Nasdaq, U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in our Class A Ordinary Shares because they may be considered penny stocks and thus be subject to the penny stock rules.***

The SEC has adopted a number of rules to regulate "penny stock" that restrict transactions involving stock that is deemed to be penny stock. Such rules include Rules 3a51-1, 15g-1, 15g-2, 15g-3, 15g-4, 15g-5, 15g-6, 15g-7, and 15g-9 under the Exchange Act. These rules may have the effect of reducing the liquidity of penny stocks. "Penny stocks" generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on Nasdaq if current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system). Our Class A Ordinary Shares could be considered to be a "penny stock" within the meaning of the rules. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon U.S. broker-dealers may discourage such broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our Class A Ordinary Shares, which could severely limit the market liquidity of such Class A Ordinary Shares and impede their sale in the secondary market.

A U.S. broker-dealer selling a penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally, an individual with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the "penny stock" regulations require the U.S. broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a "penny stock", a disclosure schedule prepared in accordance with SEC standards relating to the "penny stock" market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A U.S. broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the U.S. broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a U.S. broker-dealer is required to submit monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the "penny stock" held in a customer's account and information with respect to the limited market in "penny stocks".

The market for "penny stocks" has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (i) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (ii) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (iii) "boiler room" practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (iv) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differentials and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (v) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, resulting in investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities.

***Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be thinly traded and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.***

Our Class A Ordinary Shares may be "thinly-traded," meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our Class A Ordinary Shares at or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation may be attributable to a number of factors, including the fact that we are relatively unknown to stock analysts, stockbrokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we come to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and might be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. A broad or active public trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares may not develop or be sustained.

***You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the Class A Ordinary Shares purchased.***

The public offering price of our Class A Ordinary Shares is substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our Class A Ordinary Shares. If you purchase shares in this offering, you will incur immediate dilution in the pro forma net tangible book value per Class A Ordinary Share from the price per Class A Ordinary Share that you pay for the shares. Accordingly, if you purchase shares in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution of your investment.

***You must rely on price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares for return on your investment because the amount, timing, and whether or not we distribute dividends at all is entirely at the discretion of our board of directors.***

Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. In either case, all dividends are subject to certain restrictions under the British Virgin Islands law, namely that the Company may only pay dividends out of profits or share premium, and provided that under no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in the Company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiaries, our financial conditions, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of our Class A Ordinary Shares. You may not realize a return on your investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares and you may even lose your entire investment in our Class A Ordinary Shares.

***Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, as the future sale of a substantial amount of issued and outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares in the public marketplace could reduce the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.***

The market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of our Class A Ordinary Shares. All of the shares sold during our IPO will be freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"). The remaining shares will be "restricted securities" as defined in Rule 144. These shares may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted by Rule 144 or other exemptions under the Securities Act.

***We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this Offering and may not use them effectively.***

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds, including for any of the purposes described in the section entitled "Use of Proceeds," and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this Offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could harm our business.

***If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they publish a negative report regarding our Class A Ordinary Shares, the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and trading volume could decline.***

The trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares may depend in part on the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrades us, the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our Company or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and the trading volume to decline.

***There can be no assurance that we will not be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could subject United States investors in our Class A Ordinary Shares to significant adverse United States income tax consequences.***

We will be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for any taxable year if either (i) 75% or more of our gross income for such year consists of certain types of "passive" income, or (ii) 50% or more of the value of our assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) during such year produce or are held for the production of passive income (the "asset test"). Based upon our current and expected income and assets, including goodwill and the value of the assets held by our strategic investment business, the expected proceeds from this Offering as well as projections as to the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares immediately following the completion of this Offering, we do not presently expect to be classified as a PFIC for the current taxable year or the foreseeable future.

While we do not expect to be a PFIC, because the value of our assets, for purposes of the asset test, may be determined by reference to the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, fluctuations in the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares may cause us to become a PFIC classification for the current or subsequent taxable years. The determination of whether we will be or become a PFIC will also depend, in part, on the composition and classification of our income, including the relative amounts of income generated by and the value of assets of our strategic investment business as compared to our other businesses. Because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules, it is possible that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, may challenge our classification of certain income and assets as non-passive which may result in our being or becoming a PFIC in the current or subsequent years. In addition, the composition of our income and assets will also be affected by how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in the Follow-on Offering. If we determine not to deploy significant amounts of cash for active purposes, our risk of being a PFIC may substantially increase. Because there are uncertainties in the application of the relevant rules and PFIC status is a factual determination made annually after the close of each taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year or any future taxable year.

If we are a PFIC in any taxable year, a U.S. Holder (as defined in "Taxation - Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations") may incur significantly increased United States income tax on gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares and on the receipt of distributions on our Class A Ordinary Shares to the extent such gain or distribution is treated as an "excess distribution" under the United States federal income tax rules, and such holder may be subject to burdensome reporting requirements. Further, if we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder holds our Class A Ordinary Shares, we will generally continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which such U.S. Holder holds our Class A Ordinary Shares. For more information see "Taxation - Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations - Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations" in our 2024 Annual Report.

***If we cannot satisfy, or continue to satisfy, the continued listing requirements and other rules of Nasdaq Capital Market, although we are exempt from certain corporate governance standards applicable to US issuers as a Foreign Private Issuer, our Class A Ordinary Shares may be delisted, which could negatively impact the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and your ability to sell them.***

Our securities are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. We cannot assure you that our securities will continue to be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In order to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we are required to comply with certain rules, including those regarding minimum stockholders' equity, minimum share price, minimum market value of publicly held shares, and various additional requirements. Even if we initially met the listing requirements and other applicable rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market, we may not be able to continue to satisfy these requirements and applicable rules. If we are unable to satisfy the criteria for maintaining our listing, our securities could be subject to delisting.

If the Nasdaq Capital Market delists our Class A Ordinary Shares from trading, we could face significant consequences, including:

● a limited availability for market quotations for our Class A Ordinary Shares;

● reduced liquidity with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares;

● a determination that our Ordinary Share is a "penny stock" which will require brokers trading in our Ordinary Share to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our Ordinary Share;

● limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and

● a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

***We are an "emerging growth company," and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to investors.***

We are an "emerging growth company," as defined in the JOBS Act. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:

● being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" disclosure;

● not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;

● not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor's report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements;

● reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and

● exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

We have taken advantage of reduced reporting burdens in preparing our financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus. For example, we have not included all the executive compensation related information that would be required if we were not an emerging growth company. In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We are choosing to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.

We cannot predict whether investors will find our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive if we rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares and our share price may be more volatile.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the date on which we are deemed to be a "large accelerated filer" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our Class A Ordinary Shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. (ii) the end of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of US$1.235 billion or more, (iii) the date on which we have, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt, or (iv) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of the IPO.

***We incur increased costs be, particularly after we cease to qualify as an emerging growth company.***

We are a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange detailed requirements concerning corporate governance practices of public companies. As a company with less than US$1.235 billion in net revenues for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an "emerging growth company" pursuant to the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2012 relating to internal controls over financial reporting.

We believe these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. After we are no longer an "emerging growth company," we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the other time and attention to our public company reporting obligations and other compliance matters. For example, as a result of becoming a public company, we will need to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. We also expect that operating as a public company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to find qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

***We are a "foreign private issuer" and a BVI company, and our disclosure obligations differ from those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. As a result, we may not provide you the same information as U.S. domestic reporting companies or we may provide information at different times, which may make it more difficult for you to evaluate our performance and prospects.***

We are a foreign private issuer and, as a result, we are not subject to the same requirements as U.S. domestic issuers. Under the Exchange Act, we are subject to reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of U.S. domestic reporting companies. For example, we are not required to issue quarterly reports or proxy statements. In addition, we are not required to disclose detailed individual executive compensation information. Furthermore, our directors and executive officers are not required to report equity holdings under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and are not subject to the insider short swing profit disclosure and recovery regime.

As a foreign private issuer, we are also exempt from the requirements of Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure) which, generally, are meant to ensure that select groups of investors are not privy to specific information about an issuer before other investors. However, we are still subject to the anti-fraud and anti-manipulation rules of the SEC, such as Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act. Since many of the disclosure obligations imposed on us as a foreign private issuer differ from those imposed on U.S. domestic reporting companies, you should not expect to receive the same information about us and at the same time as the information provided by U.S. domestic reporting companies.

The information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC is less extensive and less timely as compared to that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers.

As a British Virgin Islands company listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, we are subject to the Nasdaq Capital Market corporate governance listing standards. However, Nasdaq Capital Market rules permit a foreign private issuer like us to follow the corporate governance practices of its home country. Certain corporate governance practices in the British Virgin Islands, which is deemed our home country, may differ significantly from the Nasdaq Capital Market corporate governance listing standards. For example:

● our independent directors do not need to hold regularly scheduled meetings in executive session (rather, all board members may attend all meetings of the board of directors);

● the compensation of our executive officers is recommended but not determined by an independent committee of the board or by the independent members of the board of directors; and our Chief Executive Officer is not prevented from being present in the deliberations concerning his compensation;

● related party transactions are not required to be reviewed and we are not required to solicit member approval of stock plans, including: those in which our officers or directors may participate; share issuances that will result in a change in control; the issuance of our shares in related party acquisitions or other acquisitions in which we may issue 20% or more of our issued and outstanding shares; or below market issuances of 20% or more of our issued and outstanding shares to any person; and

● we are not required to hold an in-person annual meeting to elect directors and transact other business customarily conducted at an annual meeting (rather, we complete these actions by written consent of holders of a majority of our voting securities).

We have taken advantages of some home country exemption for corporate governance matters, to the extent that we choose to do so in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under the Nasdaq Capital Market corporate governance listing standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information which would be made available to you if you were investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.

***If we cease to qualify as a foreign private issuer, we would be required to comply fully with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, and we would incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we would not incur as a foreign private issuer.***

We qualify as a foreign private issuer. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as United States domestic issuers, and we are not required to disclose in our periodic reports all of the information that United States domestic issuers are required to disclose. While we currently qualify as a foreign private issuer, we may cease to qualify as a foreign private issuer in the future.

***The dual-class structure of our ordinary shares will have the effect of concentrating voting control with our Controlling Shareholder, PTLE Limited, which holds in the aggregate 95.54% of the voting power of our ordinary shares, preventing you and other shareholders from influencing significant decisions, including the election of directors, amendments to our organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other major corporate transaction requiring shareholder approval.***

 ****

We have a dual-class voting structure consisting of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company is authorized by its Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association to allot unlimited number of Class A Ordinary Shares of no par value and unlimited number of Class B Ordinary Shares of no par value. As of the date of this prospectus, there are currently 26,237,500 Class A Ordinary Shares and 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares shall at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote by the shareholders. Each Class A Ordinary Share has one (1) vote and each Class B Ordinary Share has fifty (50) votes. Class A Ordinary Shares are not convertible into Class B Ordinary Shares under any circumstances. No Class B Ordinary Shares shall be convertible into Class A Ordinary Shares.

Our Controlling Shareholder, PTLE Limited is wholly owned by Ying Ying Chow, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Since each of the Class A Ordinary Shares has one vote per share, while each of the Class B Ordinary Shares has fifty (50) votes per share, Ms. Chow will continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our Class A Ordinary Shares and therefore be able to control all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval so long as the Class B Ordinary Shares represent at least 51% of the voting power of all outstanding Ordinary Shares. This concentrated control will limit the ability of holders of Class A Ordinary Shares to influence corporate matters for the foreseeable future. Furthermore, should the Company decide to issue additional Class A Ordinary Shares in the future, the one-to-fifty (1-50) voting ratio between the two classes of our Ordinary Shares will result in further dilutive effect on the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares. As a result, for so long as PTLE Limited owns a controlling or significant voting interest in our Ordinary Shares, it generally will be able to control or significantly influence, directly or indirectly and subject to applicable law, all matters affecting us, including:

● the election of directors;

● determinations with respect to our business direction and policies, including the appointment and removal of directors;

● determinations with respect to corporate transactions, such as mergers, business combinations, change in control transactions or the acquisition or the disposition of assets;

● our financing and dividend policy;

● determinations with respect to our tax returns; and

● compensation and benefits programs and other human resources policy decisions.

Even if PTLE Limited were to dispose of certain of its shares of our Class B Ordinary Shares such that it would control less than a majority of the voting power of our outstanding Ordinary Shares, it may be able to influence the outcome of corporate actions so long as it retains Class B Ordinary Shares. During the period of PTLE Limited's controlling or significant ownership of our Ordinary Shares, investors in this Offering may not be able to affect the outcome of such corporate actions. PTLE Limited may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree, and which may be adverse to your interests. Corporate action might be taken even if other shareholders, including those who purchase shares in this Offering, oppose them. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control or other liquidity event of our Company, could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares of Class B Ordinary Shares as part of a sale or other liquidity event and might ultimately affect the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.

***We cannot predict the effect our dual-class structure may have on the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares.***

We cannot predict whether our dual-class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares, adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers have announced and implemented restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indices. In July 2017, FTSE Russell announced that it would require new constituents of its indices to have greater than 5% of the company's voting rights in the hands of public stockholders, and S&P Dow Jones announced that it would no longer admit companies with multiple-class share structures to certain of its indices. Affected indices include the Russell 2000 and the S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400 and S&P SmallCap 600, which together make up the S&P Composite 1500. Also in 2017, MSCI, a leading stock index provider, opened public consultations on its treatment of no-vote and multi-class structures and temporarily barred new multi-class listings from certain of its indices; however, in October 2018, MSCI announced its decision to include equity securities "with unequal voting structures" in its indices and to launch a new index that specifically includes voting rights in its eligibility criteria. Under such announced and implemented policies, the dual-class structure of our Ordinary Shares would make us ineligible for inclusion in certain indices and, as a result, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles that attempt to passively track those indices would not invest in our Class A Ordinary Shares. These policies are relatively new, and it is unclear what effect, if any, they will have on the valuations of publicly-traded companies excluded from such indices, but it is possible that they may adversely affect valuations, as compared to similar companies that are included. Due to the dual-class structure of our Ordinary Shares, we will likely be excluded from certain indices and we cannot assure you that other stock indices will not take similar actions. Given the sustained flow of investment funds into passive strategies that seek to track certain indices, exclusion from certain stock indices would likely preclude investment by many of these funds and could make our Class A Ordinary Shares less attractive to other investors. As a result, the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares could be adversely affected.

**CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTNESS**

Our capitalization will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or in a report on Form 6-K subsequently furnished to the SEC and specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

**DILUTION**

If required, we will set forth in a prospectus supplement the following information regarding any material dilution of the equity interests of investors purchasing securities in an offering under this prospectus:

● the net tangible book value per share of our equity securities before and after the offering;

● the amount of the increase in such net tangible book value per share attributable to the cash payments made by purchasers in the offering; and

● the amount of the immediate dilution from the public offering price which will be absorbed by such purchasers.

**USE OF PROCEEDS**

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities we offer as indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference, or free writing prospectus.

**DESCRIPTION OF ORDINARY SHARES**

We are a British Virgin Islands business company incorporated under the laws of BVI on December 29, 2023, and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association (as amended and restated from time to time), and the BVI Business Companies Act of 2020 (as amended) (the "BVI Act") which is referred to as the BVI Act below and the common law of the British Virgin Islands. A copy of our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part (and which is referred to in this section as "our memorandum and articles of association", respectively, as the "memorandum" and the "articles").

On October 17, 2024, the Company completed its initial public offering of 1,250,000 Ordinary Shares at the initial public offering price of US$4.00 per Ordinary Share on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In addition, on October 15, 2024, we entered into an underwriting agreement with Dominari Securities LLC, who acted as the representative of the underwriters, pursuant to which the Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 187,500 Ordinary Shares to cover the over-allotments option, if any.

Subsequent to the initial public offering, on November 6, 2024, the representative of the underwriters in the Company's initial public offering, Dominari Securities LLC, fully exercised its over-allotment option to purchase an additional 187,500 Ordinary Shares.

On December 30, 2024, the board of directors of the Company approved and adopted an equity incentive plan, which authorized a maximum number of 1,000,000 ordinary shares of the Company available for issuance to the directors, officers, managers, employees, consultants or advisors (and prospective directors, officers, managers, employees, consultants and advisors) of the Company and its affiliates. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has issued a total of 1,000,000 Ordinary Shares to five employees of the Company.

On June 16, 2025, the Company convened its annual general meeting of shareholders, during which the shareholders of the Company adopted resolutions approving all of the proposals considered at the meeting. As a result, (i) all of the authorized and issued and outstanding ordinary shares with no par value each held by the then existing shareholders of the Company, except for the 11,250,000 ordinary shares held by PTLE Limited, were designated into Class A Ordinary Shares with no par value each, each having one (1) vote per share and the other rights attached to it as set out in the Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association on an one-for-one basis; (ii) the 11,250,000 authorized and issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares held by PTLE Limited into 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares, conferring the holder thereof fifty (50) votes per Class B Ordinary Share at a meeting of members of the Company or on any resolution of members and the other rights attached to it as set out in the Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association on a one for one basis, provided that no Class B Ordinary Shares shall be convertible into Class A Ordinary Shares; and (iii) the remaining authorized unlimited but unissued ordinary shares of single class into unlimited Class A Ordinary Shares and unlimited Class B Ordinary Shares.

As of the date of this prospectus, PTL is authorized to issue unlimited Class A Ordinary Shares with no par value and unlimited Class B Ordinary Shares with no par value, of which 26,237,500 Class A Ordinary Shares and 11,250,000 Class B Ordinary Shares were currently issued and outstanding as of the date of the prospectus.

**General**

All of our issued Ordinary Shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Each holder of ordinary shares is entitled to a certificate specifying the number of ordinary shares held by him, her or it. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the British Virgin Islands may freely hold and vote their ordinary shares.

**Listing**

Our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "PTLE."

**Transfer Agent and Registrar**

The transfer agent and registrar for the ordinary shares is Transhare Corporation, with its offices located at Bayside Center 1, 17755 North US Highway 19, Suite #140, Clearwater, FL 33764.

**Distributions**

The holders of our ordinary shares are entitled to such dividends or other distributions as may be authorized by our board of directors, subject to the BVI Act and our memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time.

**Shareholders' voting rights**

Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders must be taken at a duly called meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote on such action. At each meeting of shareholders, each shareholder of Class A Ordinary Shares who is present in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a shareholder being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative) will have one vote for each Class A Ordinary Share which such shareholder holds and each shareholder of Class B Ordinary Shares who is present in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a shareholder being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative) will have fifty votes for each Class B Ordinary Share which such shareholder holds. An action that may be taken by the shareholders at a meeting may also be taken by a resolution of shareholders consented to in writing.

**Election of directors**

The laws of the British Virgin Islands do not specifically prohibit or restrict the creation of cumulative voting rights for the election of our directors. Cumulative voting is not a concept that is accepted as a common practice in the British Virgin Islands, and we have made no provisions in our memorandum and articles of association to allow cumulative voting for elections of directors.

**Meetings of Shareholders**

Any of our directors may convene a meeting of shareholders at any time and in any manner and place the director considers necessary or desirable. The director convening a meeting must not give less than seven days' notice of the meeting to those shareholders whose names appear as shareholders in the register of shareholders on the date of the notice and are entitled to vote at the meeting, and the other directors. Our board of directors must convene a meeting of shareholders upon the written request of shareholders entitled to exercise 30% or more of the voting rights in respect of the matter for which the meeting is requested. A meeting of shareholders held in contravention of the requirement to give notice is valid if shareholders holding at least 90% of the total voting rights on all the matters to be considered at the meeting have waived notice of the meeting and, for this purpose, the presence of a shareholder at the meeting shall constitute waiver in relation to all the shares which that shareholder holds.

The quorum for a meeting of shareholders is duly constituted if, at the beginning of the meeting, there are present in person or by proxy not less than one-third (33.3)% of the votes of the shares (or class or series of shares) entitled to vote on the resolutions to be considered at the meeting. A quorum may comprise a single shareholder or proxy. If within two hours from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of the shareholders, will be dissolved. In any other case, it will stand adjourned to the next business day in the jurisdiction in which the meeting was to have been held at the same time and place or to such other time and place as the directors may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting there are present within one hour from the time appointed for the meeting in person or by proxy not less than one third of the votes of the shares or each class or series of shares entitle to vote on the matter to be considered by the meeting, those present will constitute a quorum but otherwise the meeting will be dissolved.

**Meetings of directors**

Our business and affairs are managed by our board of directors who make decisions by voting on resolutions of directors. Our directors are free to meet at such times and in such manner and places within or outside the BVI as they determine to be necessary or desirable. A director must be given not less than 3 days' notice of a meeting of directors. At any meeting of directors, a quorum will be present if not less than one half of the total number of directors is present, unless there are only 2 directors in which case the quorum is 2. An action that may be taken by the directors at a meeting may also be taken by a resolution of directors consented to in writing by all of the directors.

A person other than an individual which is a shareholder may by a resolution of its directors or other governing body authorize any individual it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of shareholders. The authorized representative shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the person which he represents as that person could exercise if it were an individual.

**Protection of minority shareholders**

We would normally expect British Virgin Islands courts to follow English case law precedents, which would permit a minority shareholder to commence a representative action, or derivative actions in our name, to challenge (1) an act which is ultra vires or illegal, (2) an act which constitutes a fraud against the minority by parties in control of us, (3) an infringement of individual rights of the minority shareholder (such as the right to vote and pre-emptive rights), and (4) an irregularity in the passing of a resolution which requires a special or extraordinary majority of the shareholders.

**Pre-emptive rights**

There are no pre-emptive rights applicable to the issue by us of new ordinary shares under either British Virgin Islands law or our memorandum and articles of association.

**Transfer of Ordinary Shares**

Subject to the restrictions in our memorandum and articles of association and applicable securities laws, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her ordinary shares by written instrument of transfer signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee. Our board of directors may not resolve to refuse or delay the transfer of any ordinary share unless the shareholder has failed to pay an amount due in respect of it or in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is to be transferred exceeds four.

**Liquidation**

As permitted by the BVI Act and our memorandum and articles of association, we may be voluntarily liquidated under Part XII of the BVI Act by resolution of directors or resolution of shareholders provided the shareholders have approved, by resolution of shareholders, a liquidation plan approved by the directors, if our assets equal or exceed our liabilities and we are able to pay our debts as they fall due. We may also be wound up in circumstances where we are insolvent in accordance with the terms of the BVI Insolvency Act, 2003 (as amended).

**Calls on ordinary shares and forfeiture of ordinary shares**

Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their ordinary shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified date of payment. Where such a notice has been issued its requirements have not been complied with, the directors may, at any time before the tender of payment, forfeit and cancel the ordinary shares to which the notice relates.

**Redemption of ordinary shares**

Subject to the provisions of the BVI Act, our board of directors may authorize the issuance of shares at such times, to such persons, for such consideration and on such terms as they may determine by a resolution of directors, subject to the BVI Act, our memorandum and articles of association and any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by the SEC, The Nasdaq Capital Market or any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed.

**Variation of rights**

All or any of the rights attached to any class of shares may subject to the provisions of the BVI Act be varied only with the consent in writing of, or a resolution passed at a meeting by the holders of more than 50% of the issued shares of that class.

**Changes in the number of shares we are authorized to issue and those in issue**

We may from time to time by resolution of our board of directors:

● amend our memorandum of association to increase or decrease the maximum number of shares we are authorized to issue;

● subject to our memorandum of association, divide our authorized and issued shares into a larger number of shares; and

● subject to our memorandum of association, combine our authorized and issued shares into a smaller number of shares.

**Inspection of books and records**

Under the BVI Act, holders of our ordinary shares are entitled, upon giving written notice to us, to inspect (i) our memorandum and articles of association, (ii) our register of shareholders, (iii) our register of directors and (iv) minutes of meetings and resolutions of our shareholders, and to make copies and take extracts from these documents and records. However, our directors can refuse access if they are satisfied that to allow such access would be contrary to our interests.

**Rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders**

There are no limitations imposed by our memorandum and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our memorandum and articles of association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

**Issuance of additional ordinary shares**

Our memorandum and articles of association authorizes our board of directors to issue additional ordinary shares from authorized but unissued shares, to the extent available, at such times, to such persons, for such consideration and on such terms as they may determine by a resolution of directors.

**DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS**

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus and the related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus supplement, the terms of any warrants offered under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. However, no prospectus supplement shall fundamentally change the terms that are set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness. Specific warrant agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and will be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement that includes this prospectus or as an exhibit to a report filed under the Exchange Act.

**General**

We may issue warrants that entitle the holder to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares, debt securities or any combination thereof. We may issue warrants independently or together with Class A Ordinary Shares, debt securities or any combination thereof, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from these securities.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants, including:

● the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

● the currency for which the warrants may be purchased, if not United States dollars;

● if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

● if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;

● in the case of warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares, the number of Class A Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

● in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency, if not United States dollars, in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

● the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and the warrants;

● the term of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

● any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

● the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

● the manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified;

● federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;

● the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

● any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

● in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

● in the case of warrants to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares, the right to receive dividends, if any, or, payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

**Exercise of Warrants**

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the warrant certificate and in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent.

Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

**Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants**

Each warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

**Warrant Agreement Will Not Be Qualified Under Trust Indenture Act**

No warrant agreement will be qualified as an indenture, and no warrant agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act. Therefore, holders of warrants issued under a warrant agreement will not have the protection of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to their warrants.

**Modification of the Warrant Agreement**

The warrant agreements may permit us and the warrant agent, if any, without the consent of the warrant holders, to supplement or amend the agreement in the following circumstances:

● to cure any ambiguity;

● to correct or supplement any provision which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions; or

● to add new provisions regarding matters or questions that we and the warrant agent may deem necessary or desirable and which do not adversely affect the interests of the warrant holders.

**DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES**

As used in this prospectus, debt securities mean the debentures, notes, bonds and other evidence of indebtedness, which may or may not be converted into our Class A Ordinary Shares, that we may issue from time to time. The debt securities may be either secured or unsecured and will either be senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities. The debt securities may be issued under one or more separate indentures between us and a trustee to be specified in an accompanying prospectus supplement. Senior debt securities will be issued under a new senior indenture. Subordinated debt securities will be issued under a subordinated indenture. Together, the senior indentures and the subordinated indentures are sometimes referred to in this prospectus as the indentures. This prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement, will describe the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

The statements and descriptions in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement regarding provisions of the indentures and debt securities are summaries thereof, do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indentures (and any amendments or supplements we may enter into from time to time which are permitted under each indenture) and the debt securities, including the definitions therein of certain terms.

**General**

Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be direct unsecured obligations of PTL Limited. The senior debt securities will rank equally with any of our other senior and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment to any senior indebtedness.

Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the indentures do not limit the aggregate principal amount of debt securities that we may issue and provide that we may issue debt securities from time to time at par or at a discount, and in the case of the new indentures, if any, in one or more series, with the same or various maturities. Unless indicated in a prospectus supplement, we may issue additional debt securities of a particular series without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of such series outstanding at the time of the issuance. Any such additional debt securities, together with all other outstanding debt securities of that series, will constitute a single series of debt securities under the applicable indenture.

Each prospectus supplement will describe the terms relating to the specific series of debt securities being offered. These terms will include some or all of the following:

● the title of the debt securities and whether they are subordinated debt securities or senior debt securities;

● any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

● the ability to issue additional debt securities of the same series;

● the price or prices at which we will sell the debt securities;

● the maturity date or dates of the debt securities on which principal will be payable;

● the rate or rates of interest, if any, which may be fixed or variable, at which the debt securities will bear interest, or the method of determining such rate or rates, if any;

● the date or dates from which any interest will accrue or the method by which such date or dates will be determined;

● the conversion price at which the debt securities may be converted;

● the date on which the right to convert the debt securities will commence and the date on which the right will expire;

● if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of debt securities that may be converted at any one time;

● the right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of any such deferral period, including the maximum consecutive period during which interest payment periods may be extended;

● whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the debt securities may be determined with reference to any index, formula or other method, such as one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices, and the manner of determining the amount of such payments;

● the dates on which we will pay interest on the debt securities and the regular record date for determining who is entitled to the interest payable on any interest payment date;

● the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the debt securities will be payable, where any securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange or conversion, as applicable, and notices and demands may be delivered to or upon us pursuant to the indenture;

● if we possess the option to do so, the periods within which and the prices at which we may redeem the debt securities, in whole or in part, pursuant to optional redemption provisions, and the other terms and conditions of any such provisions;

● our obligation, if any, to redeem, repay or purchase debt securities by making periodic payments to a sinking fund or through an analogous provision or at the option of holders of the debt securities, and the period or periods within which and the price or prices at which we will redeem, repay or purchase the debt securities, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation, and the other terms and conditions of such obligation;

● the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000;

● the portion, or methods of determining the portion, of the principal amount of the debt securities which we must pay upon the acceleration of the maturity of the debt securities in connection with an event of default (as described below), if other than the full principal amount;

● the currency, currencies or currency unit in which we will pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the debt securities, if not United States dollars;

● provisions, if any, granting special rights to holders of the debt securities upon the occurrence of specified events;

● any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the events of default or our covenants with respect to the applicable series of debt securities, and whether or not such events of default or covenants are consistent with those contained in the applicable indenture;

● any limitation on our ability to incur debt, redeem shares, sell our assets or other restrictions;

● the application, if any, of the terms of the indenture relating to defeasance and covenant defeasance (which terms are described below) to the debt securities;

● whether the subordination provisions summarized below or different subordination provisions will apply to the debt securities;

● the terms, if any, upon which the holders may convert or exchange the debt securities into or for our Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities or property;

● whether any of the debt securities will be issued in global form and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which global debt securities may be exchanged for certificated debt securities;

● any change in the right of the trustee or the requisite holders of debt securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable because of an event of default;

● the depository for global or certificated debt securities;

● any special tax implications of the debt securities;

● any foreign tax consequences applicable to the debt securities, including any debt securities denominated and made payable, as described in the prospectus supplements, in foreign currencies, or units based on or related to foreign currencies;

● any trustees, authenticating or paying agents, transfer agents or registrars, or other agents with respect to the debt securities;

● any other terms of the debt securities not inconsistent with the provisions of the indentures, as amended or supplemented;

● to whom any interest on any debt security shall be payable, if other than the person in whose name the security is registered, on the record date for such interest, the extent to which, or the manner in which, any interest payable on a temporary global debt security will be paid if other than in the manner provided in the applicable indenture;

● if the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities of the series is to be payable in one or more currencies or currency units other than as stated, the currency, currencies or currency units in which it shall be paid and the periods within and terms and conditions upon which such election is to be made and the amounts payable (or the manner in which such amount shall be determined);

● the portion of the principal amount of any securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the debt securities pursuant to the applicable indenture if other than the entire principal amount; and

● if the principal amount payable at the stated maturity of any debt security of the series will not be determinable as of any one or more dates prior to the stated maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be the principal amount of such securities as of any such date for any purpose, including the principal amount thereof which shall be due and payable upon any maturity other than the stated maturity or which shall be deemed to be outstanding as of any date prior to the stated maturity (or, in any such case, the manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be determined).

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be listed on any securities exchange and will be issued in fully-registered form without coupons.

Debt securities may be sold at a substantial discount below their stated principal amount, bearing no interest or interest at a rate which at the time of issuance is below market rates. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the federal income tax consequences and special considerations applicable to any such debt securities. The debt securities may also be issued as indexed securities or securities denominated in foreign currencies, currency units or composite currencies, as described in more detail in the prospectus supplement relating to any of the particular debt securities. The prospectus supplement relating to specific debt securities will also describe any special considerations and certain additional tax considerations applicable to such debt securities.

**Conversion of Debt Securities**

The debt securities may entitle the holder to purchase, in exchange for the extinguishment of debt, an amount of securities at a conversion price that will be stated in the debt securities. If such debt securities are convertible, unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be convertible at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the terms of such debt securities. After the close of business on the expiration date, the debt securities not converted will be paid in accordance with their terms.

**Subordination**

The prospectus supplement relating to any offering of subordinated debt securities will describe the specific subordination provisions. However, unless otherwise noted in the prospectus supplement, subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in right of payment to any existing senior indebtedness.

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, under the subordinated indenture, "senior indebtedness" means all amounts due on obligations in connection with any of the following, whether outstanding at the date of execution of the subordinated indenture, or thereafter incurred or created:

● the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest due on our indebtedness for borrowed money and indebtedness evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof);

● all of our capital lease obligations or attributable debt (as defined in the indentures) in respect of sale and leaseback transactions;

● all obligations representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services, which purchase price is due more than six months after the date of placing such property in service or taking delivery and title thereto, except any such balance that constitutes an accrued expense or trade payable or any similar obligation to trade creditors;

● all of our obligations in respect of interest rate swap agreements (whether from fixed to floating or from floating to fixed), interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements; other agreements or arrangements designed to manage interest rates or interest rate risk; and other agreements or arrangements designed to protect against fluctuations in currency exchange rates or commodity prices;

● all obligations of the types referred to above of other persons for the payment of which we are responsible or liable as obligor, guarantor or otherwise; and

● all obligations of the types referred to above of other persons secured by any lien on any property or asset of ours (whether or not such obligation is assumed by us).

However, senior indebtedness does not include:

● any indebtedness which expressly provides that such indebtedness shall not be senior in right of payment to the subordinated debt securities, or that such indebtedness shall be subordinated to any other of our indebtedness, unless such indebtedness expressly provides that such indebtedness shall be senior in right of payment to the subordinated debt securities;

● any of our obligations to our subsidiaries or of a subsidiary guarantor to us or any other of our other subsidiaries;

● any liability for federal, state, local or other taxes owed or owing by us or any subsidiary guarantor,

● any accounts payable or other liability to trade creditors arising in the ordinary course of business (including guarantees thereof or instruments evidencing such liabilities);

● any obligations with respect to any capital stock;

● any indebtedness incurred in violation of the indenture, provided that indebtedness under our credit facilities will not cease to be senior indebtedness under this bullet point if the lenders of such indebtedness obtained an officer's certificate as of the date of incurrence of such indebtedness to the effect that such indebtedness was permitted to be incurred by the indenture; and

● any of our indebtedness in respect of the subordinated debt securities.

Senior indebtedness shall continue to be senior indebtedness and be entitled to the benefits of the subordination provisions irrespective of any amendment, modification or waiver of any term of such senior indebtedness.

Unless otherwise noted in an accompanying prospectus supplement, if we default in the payment of any principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any senior indebtedness when it becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by declaration or otherwise, then, unless and until such default is cured or waived or ceases to exist, we will make no direct or indirect payment (in cash, property, securities, by set-off or otherwise) in respect of the principal of or interest on the subordinated debt securities or in respect of any redemption, retirement, purchase or other requisition of any of the subordinated debt securities.

In the event of the acceleration of the maturity of any subordinated debt securities, the holders of all senior debt securities outstanding at the time of such acceleration, subject to any security interest, will first be entitled to receive payment in full of all amounts due on the senior debt securities before the holders of the subordinated debt securities will be entitled to receive any payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest on the subordinated debt securities.

If any of the following events occurs, we will pay in full all senior indebtedness before we make any payment or distribution under the subordinated debt securities, whether in cash, securities or other property, to any holder of subordinated debt securities:

● any dissolution or winding-up or liquidation or reorganization of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or in bankruptcy,

● insolvency or receivership;

● any general assignment by us for the benefit of creditors; or

● any other marshaling of our assets or liabilities.

In such event, any payment or distribution under the subordinated debt securities, whether in cash, securities or other property, which would otherwise (but for the subordination provisions) be payable or deliverable in respect of the subordinated debt securities, will be paid or delivered directly to the holders of senior indebtedness in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders until all senior indebtedness has been paid in full. If any payment or distribution under the subordinated debt securities is received by the trustee of any subordinated debt securities in contravention of any of the terms of the subordinated indenture and before all the senior indebtedness has been paid in full, such payment or distribution will be received in trust for the benefit of, and paid over or delivered and transferred to, the holders of the senior indebtedness at the time outstanding in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders for application to the payment of all senior indebtedness remaining unpaid to the extent necessary to pay all such senior indebtedness in full.

The subordinated indenture does not limit the issuance of additional senior indebtedness.

**Events of Default, Notice and Waiver**

Unless an accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, the following shall constitute "events of default" under the indentures with respect to each series of debt securities:

● we default for 30 consecutive days in the payment when due of interest on the debt securities;

● we default in the payment when due (at maturity, upon redemption or otherwise) of the principal of, or premium, if any, on the debt securities;

● our failure to observe or perform any other of our covenants or agreements with respect to such debt securities for 60 days after we receive notice of such failure;

● certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of the Company; or

● any other event of default provided with respect to securities of that series.

Unless an accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, if an event of default with respect to any debt securities of any series outstanding under either of the indentures shall occur and be continuing, the trustee under such indenture or the holders of at least 25% (or at least 10%, in respect of a remedy (other than acceleration) for certain events of default relating to the payment of dividends) in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of that series outstanding may declare, by notice as provided in the applicable indenture, the principal amount (or such lesser amount as may be provided for in the debt securities of that series) of all the debt securities of that series outstanding to be due and payable immediately; provided that, in the case of an event of default involving certain events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, acceleration is automatic; and, provided further, that after such acceleration, but before a judgment or decree based on acceleration, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration if all events of default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated principal, have been cured or waived. Upon the acceleration of the maturity of original issue discount securities, an amount less than the principal amount thereof will become due and payable. Reference is made to the prospectus supplement relating to any original issue discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of maturity thereof.

Any past default under either indenture with respect to debt securities of any series, and any event of default arising therefrom, may be waived by the holders of a majority in principal amount of all debt securities of such series outstanding under such indenture, except in the case of (1) default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any debt securities of such series or (2) certain events of default relating to the payment of dividends.

The trustee is required within 90 days after the occurrence of a default (which is known to the trustee and is continuing), with respect to the debt securities of any series (without regard to any grace period or notice requirements), to give to the holders of the debt securities of such series notice of such default.

The trustee, subject to its duties during default to act with the required standard of care, may require indemnification by the holders of the debt securities of any series with respect to which a default has occurred before proceeding to exercise any right or power under the indentures at the request of the holders of the debt securities of such series. Subject to such right of indemnification and to certain other limitations, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series under either indenture may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of such series, provided that such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with the applicable indenture and the trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction.

No holder of a debt security of any series may institute any action against us under either of the indentures (except actions for payment of overdue principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on such debt security or for the conversion or exchange of such debt security in accordance with its terms) unless (1) the holder has given to the trustee written notice of an event of default and of the continuance thereof with respect to the debt securities of such series specifying an event of default, as required under the applicable indenture, (2) the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of that series then outstanding under such indenture shall have requested the trustee to institute such action and offered to the trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; (3) the trustee shall not have instituted such action within 60 days of such request and (4) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the trustee during such 60-day period by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of that series. We are required to furnish annually to the trustee statements as to our compliance with all conditions and covenants under each indenture.

**Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance**

We may discharge or defease our obligations under the indenture as set forth below, unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We may discharge certain obligations to holders of any series of debt securities issued under either the senior indenture or the subordinated indenture which have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation by irrevocably depositing with the trustee money in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such debt securities not previously delivered to the trustee for cancellation, for principal and any premium and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of debt securities which have become due and payable) or to the stated maturity or redemption date, as the case may be, and we or, if applicable, any guarantor, have paid all other sums payable under the applicable indenture.

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may elect either (1) to defease and be discharged from any and all obligations with respect to the debt securities of or within any series (except in all cases as otherwise provided in the relevant indenture) ("legal defeasance") or (2) to be released from our obligations with respect to certain covenants applicable to the debt securities of or within any series ("covenant defeasance"), upon the deposit with the relevant indenture trustee, in trust for such purpose, of money and/or government obligations which through the payment of principal and interest in accordance with their terms will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on such debt securities to maturity or redemption, as the case may be, and any mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments thereon. As a condition to legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, we must deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of such debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such legal defeasance or covenant defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such legal defeasance or covenant defeasance had not occurred. Such opinion of counsel, in the case of legal defeasance under clause (i) above, must refer to and be based upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service or a change in applicable federal income tax law occurring after the date of the relevant indenture. In addition, in the case of either legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, we shall have delivered to the trustee (1) if applicable, an officer's certificate to the effect that the relevant debt securities exchange(s) have informed us that neither such debt securities nor any other debt securities of the same series, if then listed on any securities exchange, will be delisted as a result of such deposit and (2) an officer's certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent with respect to such legal defeasance or covenant defeasance have been complied with.

We may exercise our defeasance option with respect to such debt securities notwithstanding our prior exercise of our covenant defeasance option.

**Modification and Waiver**

Under the indentures, unless an accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, we and the applicable trustee may supplement the indentures for certain purposes which would not materially adversely affect the interests or rights of the holders of debt securities of a series without the consent of those holders. We and the applicable trustee may also modify the indentures or any supplemental indenture in a manner that affects the interests or rights of the holders of debt securities with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each affected series issued under the indenture. However, the indentures require the consent of each holder of debt securities that would be affected by any modification which would:

● reduce the principal amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;

● reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or, except as provided in any prospectus supplement, alter or waive any of the provisions with respect to the redemption of the debt securities;

● reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest, including default interest, on any debt security;

● waive a default or event of default in the payment of principal of or interest or premium, if any, on, the debt securities (except a rescission of acceleration of the debt securities by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

● make any debt security payable in money other than that stated in the debt securities;

● make any change in the provisions of the applicable indenture relating to waivers of past defaults or the rights of holders of the debt securities to receive payments of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the debt securities;

● waive a redemption payment with respect to any debt security (except as otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement);

● except in connection with an offer by us to purchase all debt securities, (1) waive certain events of default relating to the payment of dividends or (2) amend certain covenants relating to the payment of dividends and the purchase or redemption of certain equity interests;

● make any change to the subordination or ranking provisions of the indenture or the related definitions that adversely affect the rights of any holder; or

● make any change in the preceding amendment and waiver provisions.

The indentures permit the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series issued under the indenture which is affected by the modification or amendment to waive our compliance with certain covenants contained in the indentures.

**Payment and Paying Agents**

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, payment of interest on a debt security on any interest payment date will be made to the person in whose name a debt security is registered at the close of business on the record date for the interest.

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, principal, interest and premium on the debt securities of a particular series will be payable at the office of such paying agent or paying agents as we may designate for such purpose from time to time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at our option, payment of any interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the person entitled thereto as such address appears in the security register.

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, a paying agent designated by us will act as paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. All paying agents initially designated by us for the debt securities of a particular series will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may at any time designate additional paying agents or rescind the designation of any paying agent or approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All moneys paid by us to a paying agent for the payment of the principal, interest or premium on any debt security which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, interest or premium has become due and payable will be repaid to us upon request, and the holder of such debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

**Denominations, Registrations and Transfer**

Unless an accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, debt securities will be represented by one or more global certificates registered in the name of a nominee for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC. In such case, each holder's beneficial interest in the global securities will be shown on the records of DTC and transfers of beneficial interests will only be effected through DTC's records.

A holder of debt securities may only exchange a beneficial interest in a global security for certificated securities registered in the holder's name if:

● we deliver to the trustee notice from DTC that it is unwilling or unable to continue to act as depository or that it is no longer a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and, in either case, a successor depositary is not appointed by us within 120 days after the date of such notice from DTC;

● we in our sole discretion determine that the debt securities (in whole but not in part) should be exchanged for definitive debt securities and deliver a written notice to such effect to the trustee; or

● there has occurred and is continuing a default or event of default with respect to the debt securities.

If debt securities are issued in certificated form, they will only be issued in the minimum denomination specified in the accompanying prospectus supplement and integral multiples of such denomination. Transfers and exchanges of such debt securities will only be permitted in such minimum denomination. Transfers of debt securities in certificated form may be registered at the trustee's corporate office or at the offices of any paying agent or trustee appointed by us under the indentures. Exchanges of debt securities for an equal aggregate principal amount of debt securities in different denominations may also be made at such locations.

**Governing Law**

The indentures and debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without regard to its principles of conflicts of laws, except to the extent the Trust Indenture Act is applicable or as otherwise agreed to by the parties thereto.

**Trustee**

The trustee or trustees under the indentures will be named in any applicable prospectus supplement.

**Conversion or Exchange Rights**

The prospectus supplement will describe the terms, if any, on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our Class A Ordinary Shares or other debt securities. These terms will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. These provisions may allow or require the number of shares of our Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities to be received by the holders of such series of debt securities to be adjusted. Any such conversion or exchange will comply with applicable British Virgin Islands law and our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

**DESCRIPTION OF UNITS**

We may issue units comprising one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date or occurrence.

The applicable prospectus supplement may describe:

● the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

● any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and

● whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form.

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any units. The preceding description and any description of units in the applicable prospectus supplement does not purport to be complete and is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the unit agreement and, if applicable, collateral arrangements and depository arrangements relating to such units.

**DESCRIPTION OF SHARE PURCHASE CONTRACTS AND SHARE PURCHASE UNITS**

We may issue share purchase contracts, including contracts obligating holders to purchase from us, and obligating us to sell to the holders, a specified number of Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities registered hereunder at a future date or dates, which we refer to in this prospectus as "share purchase contracts." The price per share of the securities and the number of shares of the securities may be fixed at the time the share purchase contracts are issued or may be determined by reference to a specific formula set forth in the share purchase contracts.

The share purchase contracts may be issued separately or as part of units consisting of a share purchase contract and debt securities, warrants, other securities registered hereunder, which we refer to herein as "share purchase units." The share purchase contracts may require holders to secure their obligations under the share purchase contracts in a specified manner. The share purchase contracts also may require us to make periodic payments to the holders of the share purchase units or vice versa, and those payments may be unsecured or refunded on some basis.

The share purchase contracts, and, if applicable, collateral or depositary arrangements, relating to the share purchase contracts or share purchase units, will be filed with the SEC in connection with the offering of share purchase contracts or share purchase units. The prospectus supplement relating to a particular issue of share purchase contracts or share purchase units will describe the terms of those share purchase contracts or share purchase units, including the following:

● if applicable, a discussion of material tax considerations; and

● any other information we think is important about the share purchase contracts or the share purchase units.

**DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS**

We may issue rights to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares that we may offer to our securityholders. The rights may or may not be transferable by the persons purchasing or receiving the rights. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting or other arrangement with one or more underwriters or other persons pursuant to which such underwriters or other persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for after such rights offering. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agent agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as rights agent, that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the rights and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights.

The prospectus supplement relating to any rights that we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering, including, among other matters:

● the date of determining the securityholders entitled to the rights distribution;

● the aggregate number of rights issued and the aggregate number of Class A Ordinary Shares purchasable upon exercise of the rights;

● the exercise price;

● the conditions to completion of the rights offering;

● the date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence and the date on which the rights will expire; and

● applicable tax considerations.

Each right would entitle the holder of the rights to purchase for cash the principal amount of debt securities or Class A Ordinary Shares at the exercise price set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised rights will become void.

If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than our security holders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

**PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION**

We may sell the securities described in this prospectus through underwriters or dealers, through agents, directly to one or more purchasers, "at-the-market" offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or through a combination of these methods. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including:

● the name or names of any underwriters, if any, and if required, any dealers or agents, and the amount of securities underwritten or purchased by each of them, if any;

● the public offering price or purchase price of the securities from us and the net proceeds to us from the sale of the securities;

● any underwriting discounts and other items constituting underwriters' compensation;

● any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers; and

● any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

We may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at:

● a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

● market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

● varying prices determined at the time of sale related to such prevailing market prices; or

● negotiated prices.

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

If we use underwriters in the sale, the underwriters will either acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or sell the Class A Ordinary Shares on a "best efforts, minimum/maximum basis" when the underwriters agree to do their best to sell the securities to the public. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time.

If we use a dealer in the sale of the securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, the securities will be sold directly to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.

Our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Unless otherwise specified in the related prospectus supplement, all securities we offer, other than Class A Ordinary Shares, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriter may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We may apply to list any series of warrants or other securities that we offer on an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. Therefore, there may not be liquidity or a trading market for any series of securities.

We may sell the securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we may pay the agent in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the applicable prospectus supplement.

In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters, dealers or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities for whom they act as agents in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the securities, and any institutional investors or others that purchase securities directly and then resell the securities, may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts or commissions received by them from us and any profit on the resale of the securities by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act.

**TAXATION**

Please refer to "Item 10. Additional Information - 10.E. Taxation" of our 2024 Annual Report, which is herein incorporated by reference.

**EXPENSES**

The following table sets forth the estimated costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by us in connection with the offering of the securities being registered. All the amounts shown are estimates, except for the SEC registration fee.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| SEC registration fee | $— |
| Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fee | $\* |
| Legal fees and expenses | $\* |
| Accounting fees and expenses | $\* |
| Miscellaneous | $\* |
| **Total** | $\* |

---

\* To be provided by a prospectus supplement or as an exhibit to a report of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K that is incorporated by reference into this registration statement. Estimated solely for this item. Actual expenses may vary.

**MATERIAL CONTRACTS**

Our material contracts are described in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. See "Incorporation of Documents by Reference" below.

**MATERIAL CHANGES**

Except as otherwise described in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F which was filed with the SEC on May 15, 2025, in our Reports on Form 6-K furnished under the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference herein and as disclosed in this prospectus, no reportable material changes have occurred since December 31, 2024.

**LEGAL MATTERS**

We are being represented by Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP with respect to certain legal matters as to United States federal securities and New York State law. The legality and validity of the securities offered from time to time under this prospectus under the laws of the British Virgin Islands was passed upon by Ogier. Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP may rely upon Ogier with respect to matters governed by the laws of the British Virgin Islands.

If legal matters in connection with offerings made pursuant to this prospectus are passed upon by counsel to underwriters, dealers, or agents, such counsel will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any such offering.

**EXPERTS**

The consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report of J&S Associate PLT, an independent registered public accounting firm, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. The current address of J&S Associate PLT is B-11-14, MEGAN AVENUE 2, 12, JALAN YAP KWAN SENG, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur 50450.

**INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL**

No named expert of or counselor to us was employed on a contingent basis, or owns an amount of our shares (or those of our subsidiaries) which is material to that person or has a material, direct, or indirect economic interest in us or that depends on the success of the offering.

**ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES**

We are incorporated under the laws of the BVI as a BVI company with limited liability. We are incorporated in the BVI because of certain benefits associated with being a BVI business company, such as (i) political and economic stability; (ii) an effective and sophisticated judicial system with a dedicated commercial court; (iii) tax neutral treatment, with no tax levied against companies incorporated in the BVI by the local tax authorities; and (iv) the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions and (v) the availability of professional and support services.

However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the BVI: (a) the BVI has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and these securities laws provide significantly less protection to investors as compared to the United States; and (b) BVI companies do not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

We believe the disadvantages of incorporating in the BVI are outweighed by the benefits to us and our investors of such incorporation.

Our Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between us, our officers, directors and shareholders, be arbitrated.

Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. All our directors and officers reside outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons or to enforce judgments obtained in United States courts against them or against us, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.

We have appointed Cogency Global Inc. as our agent to receive service of process upon whom process may be served in any action brought against us under the securities laws of the United States.

**Hong Kong**

David Fong & Co., our counsel with respect to Hong Kong law, has advised us that judgments of United States courts will not be directly enforced in Hong Kong. There are currently no treaties or other arrangements providing for reciprocal enforcement of foreign judgments between Hong Kong and the United States. However, the common law permits an action to be brought upon a foreign judgment. That is to say, a foreign judgment itself may form the basis of a cause of action since the judgment may be regarded as creating a debt between the parties to it. In a common law action for enforcement of a foreign judgment in Hong Kong, the enforcement is subject to various conditions, including but not limited to, that the foreign judgment is a final judgment conclusive upon the merits of the claim, the judgment is for a liquidated amount in a civil matter and not in respect of taxes, fines, penalties, or similar charges, the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were not contrary to natural justice, and the enforcement of the judgment is not contrary to public policy of Hong Kong. Such a judgment must be for a fixed sum and must also come from a "competent" court as determined by the private international law rules applied by the Hong Kong courts. The defenses that are available to a defendant in a common law action brought on the basis of a foreign judgment include lack of jurisdiction, breach of natural justice, fraud, and contrary to public policy. However, a separate legal action for debt must be commenced in Hong Kong in order to recover such debt from the judgment debtor.

**British Virgin Islands**

We have been advised by Ogier, our counsel as to the laws of the BVI that the BVI do not have a treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts of the United States in civil and commercial matters and that a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any general or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws, would not be enforceable in the BVI. We have also been advised that a final and conclusive judgment obtained in U.S. federal or state courts under which a sum of money is payable as compensatory damages (i.e., not being a sum claimed by a revenue authority for taxes or other charges of a similar nature by a governmental authority, or in respect of a fine or penalty or multiple or punitive damages) may be the subject of an action on a debt in the court of the BVI under the common law doctrine of obligation.

Ogier has further advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the BVI would:

● recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; or

● entertain original actions brought in the British Virgin Islands against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

For a detailed description of risks related to enforceability of civil liabilities, please refer to "Risk Factors – You may incur additional costs and procedural obstacles in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions in Hong Kong against us or our management named in this prospectus based on Hong Kong laws." on page 42.

**INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE**

The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" into this prospectus the documents we file with, or furnish to, it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to these documents. The information that we incorporate by reference into this prospectus forms a part of this prospectus. When we update the information contained in documents that have been incorporated by reference by making future filings with the SEC, the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus is considered to be automatically updated and superseded. In other words, in the case of a conflict or inconsistency between information contained in this prospectus and information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, you should rely on the information contained in the document that was filed later.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the documents listed below:

● our Annual report on [Form 20-F](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025044282/ea0241586-20f_ptlltd.htm) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2025;

● our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K, furnished to the SEC on [May 28, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025048000/ea0243049-6k_ptllimited.htm) , [June 17, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025054955/ea0245827-6k_ptl.htm) , [June 26, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025058031/ea0247091-6k_ptl.htm) , [July 24, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025067365/ea0250057-6k_ptl.htm) , [August 6, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025072574/ea0251940-6k_ptllimited.htm) , [October 27, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025102627/ea0262585-6k_ptllimited.htm) and [November 3, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390025105271/ea0263583-6k_ptl.htm) ;

● the description of our ordinary shares contained in our registration statement on [Form 8-A](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2016337/000121390024082887/ea0216045-8a12b_ptllimited.htm) , filed with the SEC on September 30, 2024, and any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description;

● any future annual reports on Form 20-F filed with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the securities offered by this prospectus; and

● any future reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K that we furnish to the SEC after the date of this prospectus that are identified in such reports as being incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

Any statement contained in a document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for the purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus, modifies or supersedes that statement. The modifying or superseding statement does not need to state that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes.

Unless expressly incorporated by reference, nothing in this prospectus shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed with, the SEC. Copies of all documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to those document unless such exhibits are specially incorporated by reference in this prospectus, will be provided at no cost to each person, including any beneficial owner, who receives a copy of this prospectus on the written or oral request of that person made to: PTL Limited, 21 Bukit Batok Crescent, #24-71, WCEGA Tower, Singapore 658065.

You should rely only on the information that we incorporate by reference or provide in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making any offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information contained or incorporated in this prospectus by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date of the document containing the information.

**WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION**

As permitted by SEC rules, this prospectus omits certain information and exhibits that are included in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Since this prospectus may not contain all of the information that you may find important, you should review the full text of these documents. If we have filed a contract, agreement, or other document as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, you should read the exhibit for a more complete understanding of the document or matter involved. Each statement in this prospectus, including statements incorporated by reference as discussed above, regarding a contract, agreement, or other document is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual document.

We are subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. All information filed with the SEC can be inspected over the Internet at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC.

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic or current reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.

**PART II**

**INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS**

**Item 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers**

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company's amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide for the indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs, and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from their own willful neglect or default.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

Any underwriting agreement entered into in connection with an offering of securities will also provide for indemnification of us and our officers and directors in certain cases.

**Item 9. Exhibits**

The following exhibits are attached hereto:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit No.** | **Title** |
| 1.1\* | Form of Underwriting Agreement |
| 3.1+ | [Second Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of PTL Limited](ea026417001ex3-1_ptlltd.htm) |
| 4.1+ | [Form of Senior Debt Indenture](ea026417001ex4-1_ptlltd.htm) |
| 4.2+ | [Form of Subordinated Debt Indenture](ea026417001ex4-2_ptlltd.htm) |
| 4.3\* | Form of Senior Note |
| 4.4\* | Form of Subordinated Note |
| 4.5\* | Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate |
| 4.6\* | Form of Unit Agreement (including unit certificate) |
| 4.7\* | Form of Rights Agreement (including rights certificate) |
| 4.8\* | Form of Share Purchase Contract |
| 4.9\* | Form of Share Purchase Unit |
| 5.1+ | [Opinion of Ogier, BVI counsel of PTL Limited, regarding the validity of securities being registered](ea026417001ex5-1_ptlltd.htm) |
| 5.2 + | [Opinion of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP, United States counsel of PTL Limited, regarding the validity of debt securities being registered](ea026417001ex5-2_ptlltd.htm) |
| 23.1+ | [Consent of J&S Associate PLT](ea026417001ex23-1_ptlltd.htm) |
| 23.2+ | [Consent of Ogier (included in Exhibit 5.1)](ea026417001ex5-1_ptlltd.htm) |
| 23.3+ | [Consent of Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2)](ea026417001ex5-2_ptlltd.htm) |
| 23.4+ | [Consent of David Fong & Co.](ea026417001ex23-4_ptlltd.htm) |
| 23.5+ | [Consent of China Commercial Law Firm](ea026417001ex23-5_ptlltd.htm) |
| 24.1 | [Power of Attorney (included on the signature page to this Registration Statement)](#a_026) |
| 25.1\*\* | Form of T-1 Statement of Eligibility (senior indenture) |
| 25.2\*\* | Form of T-1 Statement of Eligibility (subordinated indenture) |
| 107+ | [Filing Fee Table](ea026417001ex-fee_ptlltd.htm) |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| + | Filed herewith |
| \* | To be filed, if necessary, after effectiveness of this registration statement by an amendment to the registration statement or incorporated by reference to a Current Report on Form 6-K filed in connection with an underwritten offering of the shares offered hereunder. |
| \*\* | To be filed in accordance with the requirements of Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. |

---

**Item 10. Undertakings**

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales of securities are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided that the Registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Rule 3-19 of Regulation S-X if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) If the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) If the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c)-(g) Not applicable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) If any provision or arrangement exists whereby the Registrant may indemnify a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant against liabilities arising under the Securities Act, or the underwriting agreement contains a provision whereby the Registrant indemnifies the underwriter or controlling persons of the underwriter against such liabilities and a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant is such an underwriter or controlling person thereof or a member of any firm which is such an underwriter, and the benefits of such indemnification are not waived by such persons, insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) Not applicable.

(j) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act ("Act") in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under section 305(b)(2) of the Act.

(k) Not applicable.

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Singapore, on November 10, 2025.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **PTL LIMITED** | **PTL LIMITED** |
| Date: November 10, 2025 | By: | */s/ Ying Ying Chow* |
|  |  | Ying Ying Chow |
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board<br> (Principal Executive Officer) |
| Date: November 10, 2025 | By: | */s/ Yuen Tung Leung* |
|  |  | Yuen Tung Leung |
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer <br> (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, each director and officer whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints, Ying Ying Chow, and each of them, individually, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and re-substitution, to sign in any and all capacities any and all amendments or post-effective amendments to this registration statement on Form F-3, and to sign any and all additional registration statements relating to the same offering of securities of the Registration Statement that are filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do all such other acts and execute all such other documents as he may deem necessary or desirable in connection with the foregoing, as fully as the undersigned may or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorney-in-fact and agent may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Signature** | **Capacity** | **Date** |
| */s/ Ying Ying Chow* | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | November 10, 2025 |
| Ying Ying Chow | (Principal Executive Officer) |  |
| */s/ Yuen Tung Leung* | Chief Financial Officer and Director | November 10, 2025 |
| Yuen Tung Leung | (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |  |
| */s/ Wai Hong Lin* | Director | November 10, 2025 |
| Wai Hong Lin |  |  |
| */s/ Sze Ho Chan* | Director | November 10, 2025 |
| Sze Ho Chan |  |  |
| */s/ Wai Ming Yiu* | Director | November 10, 2025 |
| Wai Ming Yiu |  |  |

---

**SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED UNITED STATES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REGISTRANT**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant's duly authorized representative has signed this registration statement on Form F-3, in the City of New York, New York, on November 10, 2025.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **COGENCY GLOBAL INC.** | **COGENCY GLOBAL INC.** | **COGENCY GLOBAL INC.** |
| ***By:*** | */s/ Colleen A. De Vries* | */s/ Colleen A. De Vries* |
|  | Name: | Colleen A. De Vries |
|  | Title: | Senior Vice-President on behalf of Cogency Global Inc. |

---

## Exhibit 3.1

**Exhibit 3.1**

**BVI COMPANY NUMBER: 2139120**

![](ex3-1_001.jpg)

**TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS**

**THE BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, 2004**

**AMENDED AND RESTATED**

**MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION**

**OF**

**PTL LIMITED**

(As adopted by shareholders' resolutions dated 16 June 2025)

(Filed on the 18th June 2025)

CORPORATE REGISTRATIONS LIMITED

Sea Meadow House,

(P.O.Box 116), Road Town, Tortola

British Virgin Islands

[This page has intentionally been left BLANK]

**Territory of the British Virgin Islands**

**The BVI Business Companies Act 2004**

**Amended and Restated**

**Memorandum of Association**

**of**

**PTL Limited**

**A company limited by shares**

(As adopted by shareholders' resolutions dated 16 June 2025)

(filed on the 18th June 2025)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| 1 | Name |

---

The name of the Company is PTL Limited.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| 2 | Status |

---

The Company shall be a company limited by shares.

3 Registered office and registered agent

3.1 The first registered office of the Company is at Corporate Registrations Limited
of Sea Meadow House, (P.O. Box 116), Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.

3.2 The first registered agent of the Company is Corporate Registrations Limited of
Sea Meadow House, (P.O. Box 116), Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.

3.3 The Company may change its registered office or registered agent by a Resolution
of Directors or a Resolution of Members. The change shall take effect upon the Registrar registering a notice of change filed under section
92 of the Act.

4 Capacity and power

4.1 The Company has, subject to the Act and any other British Virgin Islands legislation
for the time being in force, irrespective of corporate benefit:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) full capacity to carry on or undertake any business or activity, do any act or enter into any transaction;
and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) for the purposes of paragraph 4.1(a), full rights, powers and privileges.

4.2 There are subject to clause 4.1, no limitations on the business that the Company
may carry on.

5 Number and classes of Shares

5.1 The Company is authorised to issue (i) unlimited Class A Ordinary Shares with no
par value each; and (ii) unlimited Class B Ordinary Shares with no par value each.

5.2 The Company may at the discretion of the Board of Directors, but shall not otherwise
be obliged to, issue fractional Shares or round up or down fractional holdings of Shares to its nearest whole number and a fractional
Share (if authorised by the Board of Directors) may have the corresponding fractional rights, obligations and liabilities of a whole share
of the same class or series of shares.

6 Designations powers preferences of Shares

6.1 Each Class A Ordinary Share in the Company confers upon the Member (unless waived
by such Member):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the right to one vote at a meeting of the Members of the Company or on any Resolution of Members;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the
right to an equal share in any distribution by way of dividend paid by the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company on its liquidation.

6.2 Each Class B Ordinary Share in the Company confers upon the Member (unless waived
by such Member):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the right to fifty (50) votes at a meeting of the Members of the Company or on any Resolution of Members;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the right to an equal share in any distribution by way of dividend paid by the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company on its liquidation.

6.3 Class A Ordinary Shares shall under no circumstances be converted into Class B Ordinary
Shares, and Class B Ordinary Shares shall under no circumstances be converted into Class A Ordinary Shares.

6.4 The directors may at their discretion by Resolution of Directors redeem, purchase
or otherwise acquire all or any of the Shares in the Company subject to Regulation 3 and Regulation 6 of the Articles.

6.5 The Directors have the authority and the power by Resolution of Directors:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to authorise and create additional classes of shares; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to fix the designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations
and restrictions, if any, appertaining to any and all classes of shares that may be authorised to be issued under this Memorandum.

7 Variation of rights

The rights attached to Shares as specified in Clause 6 may only, whether or not the Company is being wound up, be varied with the consent in writing of or by a resolution passed at a meeting by the holders of more than 50 per cent (50%) of the issued Shares of that class.

8 Rights not varied by the issue of Shares pari passu

The rights conferred upon the holders of the Shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the Shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further Shares ranking pari passu therewith.

9 Registered Shares

9.1 The Company shall issue registered shares only.

9.2 The Company is not authorised to issue bearer shares, convert registered shares
to bearer shares or exchange registered shares for bearer shares.

10 Transfer of Shares

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.1 A share may be transferred in accordance with Regulation 4 of the Articles.

11 Amendment of Memorandum and Articles

11.1 The Company may amend its Memorandum or Articles by a Resolution of Members or by
a Resolution of Directors, save that no amendment may be made by a Resolution of Directors:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to restrict the rights or powers of the Members to amend the Memorandum or Articles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to change the percentage of Members required to pass a Resolution of Members to
amend the Memorandum or Articles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) in circumstances where the Memorandum or Articles cannot be amended by the Members;
or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) to Clauses 7 or 8 or this Clause 11.

12 Definitions and interpretation

12.1 In this Memorandum of Association and the attached Articles of Association, if
not inconsistent with the subject or context:

**Act** means the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 and includes the regulations made under the Act;

**Annual General Meeting** means the annual meeting of the members to be held in accordance with Regulation **Error! Reference source not found.**;

**Articles** means the attached Articles of Association of the Company;

**Board of Directors** means the board of directors of the Company;

**Business Days** means a day other than a Saturday or Sunday or any other day on which commercial banks in New York are required or are authorised to be closed for business;

**Class A Ordinary Share** means the class A ordinary shares of no par value each of the Company, which have the rights set forth in these Articles;

**Class B Ordinary Share** means the class B ordinary shares of no par value each of the Company, which have the rights set forth in these Articles;

**Chairman of the Board and Chairman** has the meaning specified in Regulation 13;

**Designated Stock Exchange** means the Capital Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. provided, however, that until the Shares are listed on the Designated Stock Exchange, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange shall be inapplicable to the Company and this Memorandum or the Articles;

**Director** means any director of the Company, from time to time;

**Distribution** in relation to a distribution by the Company means the direct or indirect transfer of an asset, other than Shares, to or for the benefit of a Member in relation to Shares held by a Member, and whether by means of a purchase of an asset, the redemption or other acquisition of Shares, a distribution of indebtedness or otherwise, and includes a dividend;

**Eligible Person** means individuals, corporations, trusts, the estates of deceased individuals, partnerships and unincorporated associations of persons;

**Enterprise** means the Company and any other corporation, constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its wholly owned subsidiaries) is a party, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which an Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a Director, Officer, trustee, general partner, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent;

**Exchange Act** means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations thereunder;

**Expenses** shall include all direct and indirect costs, fees and expenses of any type or nature whatsoever, including, without limitation, all legal fees and costs, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, fees of private investigators and professional advisors, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, fax transmission charges, secretarial services and all other disbursements, obligations or expenses, in each case reasonably incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, settlement or appeal of, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding, including reasonable compensation for time spent by the Indemnitee for which he or she is not otherwise compensated by the Company or any third party. Expenses shall also include any or all of the foregoing expenses incurred in connection with all judgments, liabilities, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred (whether by an Indemnitee, or on his behalf) in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, or any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the principal, premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent, but shall not include amounts paid in settlement by an Indemnitee or the amount of judgments or fines against an Indemnitee;

**Indemnitee** means any person detailed in sub regulations (a) and (b) of Regulation 15.

**IPO** means the initial public offering of securities or other rights to receive or subscribe for securities of the Company;

**Listing** means the listing of the Company on the Nasdaq Capital Market;

**Member** means an Eligible Person whose name is entered in the share register of the Company as the holder of one or more Shares or fractional Shares;

**Memorandum** means this Memorandum of Association of the Company;

**Officer** means any officer of the Company, from time to time;

**Proceeding** means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, mediation, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the name of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil (including intentional or unintentional tort claims), criminal, administrative or investigative nature, in which an Indemnitee was, is, will or might be involved as a party or otherwise by reason of the fact that such Indemnitee is or was a Director or Officer of the Company, by reason of any action (or failure to act) taken by him or of any action (or failure to act) on his part while acting as a Director, Officer, employee or adviser of the Company, or by reason of the fact that he is or was serving at the request of the Company as a Director, Officer, trustee, general partner, managing member, fiduciary, employee, adviser or agent of any other Enterprise, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement, or advancement of Expenses can be provided under these Articles;

**relevant system** means a relevant system for the holding and transfer of shares in uncertificated form;

**Resolution of Directors** means either:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of directors of
the Company or of a committee of directors of the Company by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at the meeting
who voted except that where a director is given more than one vote, he shall be counted by the number of votes he casts for the purpose
of establishing a majority; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a resolution consented to in writing by all directors or by all members of a committee
of directors of the Company, as the case may be;

**Resolution of Members** means either:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of the Members
of the Company by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote thereon which were present at the meeting
and were voted; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a
resolution consented to in writing by a majority of the votes of Shares entitled to vote thereon;

**Seal** means any seal which has been duly adopted as the common seal of the Company;

**SEC** means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;

**Securities** means Shares and debt obligations of every kind of the Company, and including without limitation options, warrants and rights to acquire shares or debt obligations;

**Securities Act** means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

**Share** means a share issued or to be issued by the Company and **Shares** shall be construed accordingly;

**Treasury Share** means a Share that was previously issued but was repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired by the Company and not cancelled; and

**written** or any term of like import includes information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, electrical, digital, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, biometric or photonic means, including electronic data interchange, electronic mail, telegram, telex or telecopy, and **in writing** shall be construed accordingly.

12.2 In the Memorandum and the Articles, unless the context otherwise requires a reference to:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a **Regulation** is a reference to a regulation of the Articles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a **Clause** is a reference to a clause of the Memorandum;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) voting by Member is a reference to the casting of the votes attached to the Shares
held by the Member voting;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Act, the Memorandum or the Articles is a reference to the Act or those documents as amended; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) the singular includes the plural and vice versa.

12.3 Any words or expressions defined in the Act unless the context otherwise requires bear the same meaning
in the Memorandum and Articles unless otherwise defined herein.

12.4 Headings are inserted for convenience only and shall be disregarded in interpreting the Memorandum and
Articles.

We, Corporate Registrations Limited of Sea Meadow House, (P.O. Box 116), Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, in our capacity as registered agent for the Company hereby apply to the Registrar for the incorporation of the Company this 29th day of December, 2023.

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| |
|:---|
| Incorporator |
| Sgd: Alicia Davis and Marsha Fahie |
| Alicia Davis and Marsha Fahie |
| Authorised Signatories |
| Corporate Registrations Limited |
| Sea Meadow House |
| P.O. Box 116 |
| Road Town, Tortola |
| British Virgin Islands |

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**Territory of the British Virgin Islands**

**The BVI Business Companies Act 2004**

**Amended and Restated**

**Articles of Association**

**of**

**PTL Limited**

**A company limited by shares**

(As adopted by shareholders' resolutions dated 28 June 2024)

(filed on the 18th June 2024)

1 Registered Shares

1.1 Every Member is entitled to a certificate signed by a director of the Company or
under the Seal specifying the number of Shares held by him and the signature of the director and the Seal may be facsimiles.

1.2 Any Member receiving a certificate shall indemnify and hold the Company and its
directors and officers harmless from any loss or liability which it or they may incur by reason of any wrongful or fraudulent use or representation
made by any person by virtue of the possession thereof. If a certificate for Shares is worn out or lost it may be renewed on production
of the worn out certificate or on satisfactory proof of its loss together with such indemnity as may be required by a Resolution of Directors.

1.3 If several Eligible Persons are registered as joint holders of any Shares, any one
of such Eligible Persons may give an effectual receipt for any Distribution.

1.4 Nothing in these Articles shall require title to any Shares or other Securities
to be evidenced by a certificate if the Act and the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange permit otherwise.

1.5 Subject to the Act and the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Board of
Directors without further consultation with the holders of any Shares or Securities may resolve that any class or series of Shares or
other Securities in issue or to be issued from time to time may be issued, registered or converted to uncertificated form and the practices
instituted by the operator of the relevant system. No provision of these Articles will apply to any uncertificated shares or Securities
to the extent that they are inconsistent with the holding of such shares or securities in uncertificated form or the transfer of title
to any such shares or securities by means of a relevant system.

1.6 Conversion of Shares held in certificated form into Shares held in
 uncertificated form, and vice versa, may be made in such manner as the Board of Directors, in its absolute discretion, may think fit
 (subject always to the requirements of the relevant system concerned). The Company or any duly authorised transfer agent shall enter
 on the register of members how many
Shares are held by each member in uncertificated form and certificated form and shall maintain the register of members in each case as
is required by the relevant system concerned. Notwithstanding any provision of these Articles, a class or series of Shares shall not be
treated as two classes by virtue only of that class or series comprising both certificated shares and uncertificated shares or as a result
of any provision of these Articles which applies only in respect of certificated shares or uncertificated shares.

1.7 Nothing contained in Regulation 1.5 and 1.6 is meant to prohibit the Shares from
being able to trade electronically. For the avoidance of doubt, Shares shall only be traded and transferred electronically upon consummation
of the IPO.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| 2 | Shares |

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2.1 Subject
to the provisions of these Articles and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, the unissued Shares of the Company
shall be at the disposal of the Directors and Shares and other Securities may be issued and option to acquire Shares or other Securities
may be granted at such times, to such Eligible Persons, for such consideration and on such terms as the directors may by Resolution of
Directors determine.

2.2 Section 46 of the Act does not apply to the Company.

2.3 A Share may be issued for consideration in any form, including money, a promissory
note, real property, personal property (including goodwill and know-how) or a contract for future services.

2.4 No Shares may be issued for a consideration other than money, unless a Resolution
of Directors has been passed stating:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) that, in their opinion, the present cash value of the non-money consideration for the issue is not less
than the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares.

2.5 Subject to Regulation 2.6, the Company shall keep a register (the **share register**) containing:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the names and addresses of the persons who hold Shares;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the number of each class and series of Shares held by each Member;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the date on which the name of each Member was entered in the share register; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the date on which any Eligible Person ceased to be a Member.

2.6 Where the Company or any of its Shares is listed on a Designated Stock Exchange,
the company may keep a share register containing the information referred to in Regulation 2.5 or such other information as these Articles permit
or as may be approved by a Resolution of Members.

2.7 The share register may be in any such form as the directors may approve, but if
it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents. Until
the directors otherwise determine, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage form shall be the original share register.

2.8 A Share is deemed to be issued when the name of the Member is entered in the share
register.

2.9 Subject
to the provisions of the Act, Shares may be issued on the terms that they are redeemable, or at the option of the Company be liable to
be redeemed on such terms and in such manner as the Directors before or at the time of the issue of such Shares may determine. The Directors
may issue options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of a similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof
to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of Shares or Securities on such terms as the Directors may from time to time determine.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Directors may also issue options, warrants, other rights to acquire shares or convertible securities
in connection with the Company's IPO.

3 Forfeiture

3.1 Shares that are not fully paid on issue are subject to the forfeiture provisions
set forth in this Regulation and for this purpose Shares issued for a promissory note or a contract for future services are deemed to
be not fully paid.

3.2 A written notice of call specifying the date for payment to be made shall be served
on the Member who defaults in making payment in respect of the Shares.

3.3 The written notice of call referred to in Regulation 3.2 shall name a further date
not earlier than the expiration of fourteen (14) days from the date of service of the notice on or before which the payment required by
the notice is to be made and shall contain a statement that in the event of non-payment at or before the time named in the notice the
Shares, or any of them, in respect of which payment is not made will be liable to be forfeited.

3.4 Where a written notice of call has been issued pursuant to Regulation 3.2 and the
requirements of the notice have not been complied with, the directors may, at any time before tender of payment, forfeit and cancel the
Shares to which the notice relates.

3.5 The Company is under no obligation to refund any moneys to the Member whose Shares
have been cancelled pursuant to Regulation 3.4 and that Member shall be discharged from any further obligation to the Company.

4 Transfer of Shares

4.1 Subject to the Memorandum shares may be transferred by a written instrument of transfer
signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee, which shall be sent to the Company for registration.

4.2 For so long as the Shares are listed on a Designated Stock Exchange, Shares may
be transferred without the need for a written instrument of transfer if the transfer is carried out in accordance with the laws, rules,
procedures and other requirements applicable to shares registered on the Designated Stock Exchange.

4.3 A member shall be entitled to transfer uncertificated shares by means of a relevant
system and the operator of the relevant system shall act as agent of the Members for the purposes of the transfer of such uncertificated
shares.

4.4 The transfer of a Share is effective when the name of the transferee is entered
on the share register.

4.5 If the directors of the Company are satisfied that an instrument of transfer relating
to Shares has been signed but that the instrument has been lost or destroyed, they may resolve by Resolution of Directors:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to
accept such evidence of the transfer of Shares as they consider appropriate; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) that the transferee's name should be entered in the share register notwithstanding the absence
of the instrument of transfer.

4.6 Subject to the Memorandum, the personal representative of a deceased Member may
transfer a Share even though the personal representative is not a Member at the time of the transfer.

4.7 Except in relation to a transfer made pursuant to Regulation 4.2, the Directors
may decline to register a transfer of a Share which (i) is not fully paid up or on which the Company has a lien; or (ii) in the case of
a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is to be transferred exceeds four (4). If the Directors refuse
to register a transfer they shall, within one (1) month after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of
the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.

4.8 A member wishing to transfer a Share is liable to pay to the Company a fee of such
maximum sum as the Designated Stock Exchange may determine to be payable, or such lesser sum as the Director may from time to time require,
is paid to the Company in respect of such transfer.

4.9 The registration of transfers may, on fourteen (14) days' notice being given
by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by electronic means, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such
periods as the Directors may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended
nor the register closed for more than thirty (30) days in any year.

5 Distributions

5.1 The directors of the Company may, by Resolution of Directors, authorise a distribution
at a time and of an amount they think fit if they are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that, immediately after the distribution, the
value of the Company's assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they fall due.

5.2 Dividends may be paid in money, shares, or other property.

5.3 The Company may, by Resolution of Directors, from time to time pay to the Members
such interim dividends as appear to the directors to be justified by the profits of the Company, provided always that they are satisfied,
on reasonable grounds, that, immediately after the distribution, the value of the Company's assets will exceed its liabilities and
the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they fall due.

5.4 Notice
in writing of any dividend that may have been declared shall be given to each Member in accordance with Regulation 21 and all dividends
unclaimed for three years after such notice has been given to a Member may be forfeited by Resolution of Directors for the benefit of
the Company.

5.5 No dividend shall bear interest as against the Company.

6 Redemption of Shares and Treasury Shares

6.1 The Company may purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire and hold its own Shares save
that the Company may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire its own Shares without the consent of the Member whose Shares are to be
purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired unless the Company is permitted by the Act or any other provision in the Memorandum or Articles
to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire the Shares without such consent.

6.2 The purchase redemption or other acquisition by the Company of its own Shares is
deemed not to be a distribution where:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Company purchases, redeems or otherwise acquires the Shares pursuant to a right
of a Member to have his Shares redeemed or to have his shares exchanged for money or other property of the Company, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) The Company purchases, redeems or otherwise acquires the Shares by virtue of the
provisions of section 179 of the Act.

6.3 Sections 60, 61 and 62 of the Act shall not apply to the Company.

6.4 Shares that the Company purchases, redeems or otherwise acquires pursuant to this
Regulation may be cancelled or held as Treasury Shares except to the extent that such Shares are in excess of 50 percent of the issued
Shares in which case they shall be cancelled but they shall be available for reissue.

6.5 All rights and obligations attaching to a Treasury Share are suspended and shall
not be exercised by the Company while it holds the Share as a Treasury Share.

6.6 Treasury Shares may be disposed of by the Company on such terms and conditions
(not otherwise inconsistent with the Memorandum and Articles) as the Company may by Resolution of Directors determine.

6.7 Where Shares are held by another body corporate of which the Company holds, directly
or indirectly, shares having more than 50 per cent (50%) of the votes in the election of directors of the other body corporate, all rights
and obligations attaching to the Shares held by the other body corporate are suspended and shall not be exercised by the other body corporate.

7 Mortgages and charges of Shares

7.1 A Member may by an instrument in writing mortgage or charge his Shares.

7.2 There shall be entered in the share register at the written request of the Member:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a statement that the Shares held by him are mortgaged or charged;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the
name of the mortgagee or chargee; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the date on which the particulars specified in subparagraphs 7.2(a) and 7.2(b)
are entered in the share register.

7.3 Where particulars of a mortgage or charge are entered in the share register, such
particulars may be cancelled:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) with the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee or anyone authorised
to act on his behalf; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) upon evidence satisfactory to the directors of the discharge of the liability secured
by the mortgage or charge and the issue of such indemnities as the directors shall consider necessary or desirable.

7.4 Whilst particulars of a mortgage or charge over Shares are entered in the share
register pursuant to this Regulation:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) no transfer of any Share the subject of those particulars shall be effected;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Company may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such Share; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) no replacement certificate shall be issued in respect of such
Shares, without the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee.

8 Meetings and consents of Members

8.1 Any Director of the Company may convene meetings of the Members at such times
 and in such manner and places within or outside the British Virgin Islands as the Director considers necessary or desirable. A
 meeting may also be convened to be held by electronic means, provided that notice thereof includes all necessary joining
 instructions and that the means for holding
the meeting allow all members to speak and be heard simultaneously. A meeting held by electronic means shall be considered to be held
at the place where the chairman is at the time the meeting is opened.

8.2 Upon the written request of the Members entitled to exercise 30 per cent (30%) or
more of the voting rights in respect of the matter for which the meeting is requested the Directors shall convene a meeting of Members.

8.3 The Director convening a meeting (other than Annual Shareholders Meeting) shall
give not less than seven (7) days' written notice of such meeting to:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) those Members whose names on the date the notice is given appear as Members in the share register of
the Company and are entitled to vote at the meeting; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the other Directors.

8.4 The
director convening a meeting of Members may fix as the record date for determining those Members that are entitled to vote at the meeting
the date notice is given of the meeting, or such other date as may be specified in the notice.

8.5 A meeting of Members held in contravention of the requirement to give notice is
valid if Members holding at least 90 per cent (90%) of the total voting rights on all the matters to be considered at the meeting have
waived notice of the meeting and, for this purpose, the presence of a Member at the meeting shall constitute waiver in relation to all
the Shares which that Member holds.

8.6 The inadvertent failure of a director who convenes a meeting to give notice of a
meeting to a Member or another director, or the fact that a Member or another director has not received notice, does not invalidate the
meeting.

8.7 A Member may be represented at a meeting of Members by a proxy who may speak and
vote on behalf of the Member.

8.8 The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing and shall be executed under
the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorised in writing, or, if the appointor is a corporation under the hand of an officer
or attorney duly authorised in that behalf. An instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to include the power to demand or join or
concur in demanding a poll.

8.9 The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deposited at the registered office of
the Company or at such other place as is specified for that purpose in the notice convening the meeting no later than the time for holding
the meeting, or adjourned meeting provided that the chairman of the meeting may at his discretion direct that an instrument of proxy shall
be deemed to have been duly deposited upon receipt of telex, cable or telecopy confirmation from the appointor that the instrument of
proxy duly signed is in the course of transmission to the Company.

8.10 The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in substantially the following form or
such other form as the chairman of the meeting shall accept as properly evidencing the wishes of the Member appointing the proxy. Any
proxy given by the Depositary Trust Company (DTC), its nominee or any DTC participant in the customary form and in the ordinary course
with respect of the Company with equity securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act shall be deemed valid.

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| |
|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;**PTL LIMITED** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;I/We being a Member of the above Company **hereby appoint** ……………………………………………………………………………..…… of ……………………………………...……….…………..………… or failing him …..………………………………………………….…………………….. of ………………………………………………………..…..…… to be my/our proxy to vote for me/us at the meeting of Members to be held on the …… day of …………..…………, 20[ ] and at any adjournment thereof. |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;(Any restrictions on voting to be inserted here.) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Signed this …… day of …………..…………, 20[ ]. |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;…………………………… |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Member |

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8.11 The
following applies where Shares are jointly owned:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) if two or more persons hold Shares jointly each of them may be present in person
or by proxy at a meeting of Members and may speak as a Member;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) if only one of the joint owners is present in person or by proxy he may vote on
behalf of all joint owners; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) if two or more of the joint owners are present in person or by proxy they must
vote as one and in the event of disagreement between any of the joint owners of Shares then the vote of the joint owner whose name appears
first (or earliest) in the share register in respect of the relevant Shares shall be recorded as the vote attributable to the Shares.

8.12 A Member shall be deemed to be present at a meeting of Members if he participates
by telephone or other electronic means and all Members participating in the meeting are able to hear each other. All persons seeking to
attend and participate in a meeting at a virtual place shall be responsible for maintaining adequate facilities to enable them to do so,
and any inability of a person or persons to attend or participate in meeting by way of digital or Electronic Communications equipment
or software or other facilities shall not invalidate the proceedings of that meeting.

8.13 A meeting of Members is duly constituted if, at the commencement of the meeting,
there are present in person or by proxy not less than one-third (1/3) of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote on Resolutions of Members
to be considered at the meeting. If the Company has two or more classes
of shares, a meeting may be quorate for some purposes and not for others. A quorum may comprise a single Member or proxy and then such
person may pass a Resolution of Members and a certificate signed by such person accompanied where such person holds a proxy by a copy
of the proxy instrument shall constitute a valid Resolution of Members. No business may be transacted at any meeting of Members unless
a quorum is present at the commencement of business.

8.14 If within two hours from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present,
the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Members, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the next business
day in the jurisdiction in which the meeting was to have been held at the same time and place, and if at the adjourned meeting there are
present within one hour from the time appointed for the meeting in person or by proxy not less than one-third of the votes of the Shares
or each class or series of Shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered by the meeting, those present shall constitute a quorum
but otherwise the meeting shall be dissolved.

8.15 At
every meeting of Members, the Chairman of the Board shall preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board or
if the Chairman of the Board is not present at the meeting, the Members present shall choose one of their number to be the chairman.
If the Members are unable to choose a chairman for any reason, then the person representing the greatest number of voting Shares present
in person or by proxy at the meeting shall preside as chairman failing which the oldest individual Member or representative of a Member
present shall take the chair.

8.16 The person appointed as chairman of the meeting pursuant to Regulation 8.14 may
adjourn any meeting from time to time, and from place to place. For the avoidance of doubt, a meeting may remain open indefinitely for
as long a period as may be determined by the chairman.

8.17 At any meeting of the Members the chairman is responsible for deciding in such
manner as he considers appropriate whether any resolution proposed has been carried or not and the result of his decision shall be announced
to the meeting and recorded in the minutes of the meeting. If the chairman has any doubt as to the outcome of the vote on a proposed resolution,
he shall cause a poll to be taken of all votes cast upon such resolution. If the chairman fails to take a poll then any Member present
in person or by proxy who disputes the announcement by the chairman of the result of any vote may immediately following such announcement
demand that a poll be taken and the chairman shall cause a poll to be taken. If a poll is taken at any meeting, the result shall be announced
to the meeting and recorded in the minutes of the meeting.

8.18 Subject to the specific provisions contained in this Regulation for the appointment
of representatives of Members other than individuals the right of any individual to speak for or represent a Member shall be determined
by the law of the jurisdiction where, and by the documents by which, the Member is constituted or derives its existence. In case of doubt,
the directors may in good faith seek legal advice and unless and until a court of competent jurisdiction shall otherwise rule, the directors
may rely and act upon such advice without incurring any liability to any Member or the Company.

8.19 Any Member other than an individual may by resolution of its directors or other
governing body authorise such individual as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of Members or of any class of Members,
and the individual so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same rights on behalf of the Member which he represents as that Member
could exercise if it were an individual.

8.20 The chairman of any meeting at which a vote is cast by proxy or on behalf of any
Member other than an individual may at the meeting but not thereafter call for a notarially certified copy of such proxy or authority
which shall be produced within seven (7) days of being so requested or the votes cast by such proxy or on behalf of such Member shall
be disregarded.

8.21 Directors of the Company may attend and speak at any meeting of Members and at
any separate meeting of the holders of any class or series of Shares.

8.22 An
action that may be taken by the Members at a meeting may also be taken by a Resolution of Members consented to in writing, without the
need for any prior notice. If any Resolution of Members is adopted otherwise than by the unanimous written consent of all Members, a
copy of such resolution shall forthwith be sent to all Members not consenting to such resolution. The consent may be in the form of counterparts,
each counterpart being signed by one or more Members. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different
dates, then the resolution shall take effect on the earliest date upon which Eligible Persons holding a sufficient number of votes of
Shares to constitute a Resolution of Members have consented to the resolution by signed counterparts.

9 Directors

9.1 The first directors of the Company shall be appointed by the first registered agent
within thirty (30) days of the incorporation of the Company; and thereafter, the directors shall be elected by Resolution of Members or
by Resolution of Directors for such term as the Members or directors determine.

9.2 No person shall be appointed as a director of the Company unless he has consented
in writing to act as a director.

9.3 The minimum number of directors shall be one and there shall be no maximum number
of directors. For as long as the Shares are listed or quoted on any Designated Stock Exchange, the Board of Directors shall include at
least such number of Independent Directors as applicable law, rules or regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange require as determined
by the Directors.

9.4 Each director holds office for the term, if any, fixed by the Resolution of Members
or Resolution of Directors appointing him, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. If no term is fixed on the appointment
of a director, the director serves indefinitely until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

9.5 A director may be removed from office with or without cause by,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a Resolution of Members passed at a meeting of Members called for the purposes of
removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director or by a written resolution passed by a least seventy five
per cent (75%) of the Members of the Company entitled to vote; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a Resolution of Directors passed at a meeting of directors.

9.6 A director may resign his office by giving written notice of his resignation to
the Company and the resignation has effect from the date the notice is received by the Company at the office of its registered agent or
from such later date as may be specified in the notice. A director shall resign forthwith as a director if he is, or becomes, disqualified
from acting as a director under the Act.

9.7 The directors may at any time appoint any person to be a director either to fill
a vacancy or as an addition to the existing directors. Where the directors appoint a person as director to fill a vacancy, the term shall
not exceed the term that remained when the person who has ceased to be a director ceased to hold office.

9.8 A
vacancy in relation to directors occurs if a director dies or otherwise ceases to hold office prior to the expiration of his term of
office.

9.9 The Company shall keep a register of directors containing:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the names and addresses of the persons who are directors of the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the date on which each person whose name is entered in the register was appointed
as a director of the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the date on which each person named as a director ceased to be a director of the
Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) such other information as may be prescribed by the Act.

9.10 The register of directors may be kept in any such form as the directors may approve,
but if it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents.
Until a Resolution of Directors determining otherwise is passed, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage shall be the original
register of directors.

9.11 The directors may, or if the Shares are listed or quoted on a Designated Stock
Exchange, and if required by the Designated Stock Exchange, any committee thereof, may, by a Resolution of Directors, fix the emoluments
of directors with respect to services to be rendered in any capacity to the Company.

9.12 A director is not required to hold a Share as a qualification to office.

10 Powers of directors

10.1 The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by, or under the direction
or supervision of, the directors of the Company. The directors of the Company have all the powers necessary for managing,
and for directing and supervising, the business and affairs of the Company. The directors may pay all expenses incurred preliminary to
and in connection with the incorporation of the Company and may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not by the Act or by the
Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised by the Members.

10.2 If the Company is the wholly owned subsidiary of a holding company, a director
of the Company may, when exercising powers or performing duties as a director, act in a manner which he believes is in the best interests
of the holding company even though it may not be in the best interests of the Company.

10.3 Each director shall exercise his powers for a proper purpose and shall not act
or agree to the Company acting in a manner that contravenes the Memorandum, the Articles or the Act. Each director, in exercising his
powers or performing his duties, shall act honestly and in good faith in what the director believes to be the best interests of the Company.

10.4 Any
director which is a body corporate may appoint any individual as its duly authorised representative for the purpose of representing it
at meetings of the directors, with respect to the signing of consents or otherwise.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.5 The continuing directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body.

10.6 The directors may by Resolution of Directors exercise all the powers of the Company
to incur indebtedness, liabilities or obligations and to secure indebtedness, liabilities or obligations whether of the Company or of
any third party.

10.7 All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments
and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be,
in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by Resolution of Directors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.8 Section 175 of the Act shall not apply to the Company.

11 Proceedings of directors

11.1 Any one director of the Company may call a meeting of the directors by sending
a written notice to each other directors.

11.2 The directors of the Company or any committee thereof may meet at such times and
in such manner and places within or outside the British Virgin Islands as the notice calling the meeting provides.

11.3 A director is deemed to be present at a meeting of directors if he participates
by telephone or other electronic means and all directors participating in the meeting are able to hear each other.

11.4 A director shall be given not less than three (3) days' notice of meetings
of directors, but a meeting of directors held without three days' notice having been given to all directors shall be valid if all
the directors entitled to vote at the meeting who do not attend waive notice of the meeting, and for this purpose the presence of a director
at a meeting shall constitute waiver by that director. The inadvertent failure to give
notice of a meeting to a director, or the fact that a director has not received the notice, does not invalidate the meeting.

11.5 A meeting of directors is duly constituted for all purposes if at the commencement
of the meeting there are present in person or by alternate not less than one-half of the total number of directors, unless there are only
two directors in which case the quorum is two.

11.6 A director may by a written instrument appoint an alternate who need not be a director
and the alternate shall be entitled to attend meetings in the absence of the director who appointed him and to vote or consent in place
of the director until the appointment lapses or is terminated.

11.7 If
the Company has only one director the provisions herein contained for meetings of directors do not apply and such sole director has full
power to represent and act for the Company in all matters as are not by the Act, the Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised
by the Members. In lieu of minutes of a meeting the sole director shall record in writing and sign a note or memorandum of all matters
requiring a Resolution of Directors. Such a note or memorandum constitutes sufficient evidence of such resolution for all purposes.

11.8 At meetings of directors at which the Chairman of the Board is present, he shall
preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board or if the Chairman of the Board is not present, the directors
present shall choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. If the directors are unable to choose a chairman for any reason,
then the oldest individual Director present (and for this purpose an alternate director shall be deemed to be the same age as the director
that he represents) shall take the chair.

11.9 An action that may be taken by the directors or a committee of directors at a meeting
may also be taken by a Resolution of Directors or a resolution of a committee of directors consented to in writing by all directors or
by all members of the committee, as the case may be, without the need for any notice. The consent may be in the form of counterparts each
counterpart being signed by one or more directors. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different
dates, then the resolution shall take effect on the date upon which the last director has consented to the resolution by signed counterparts.

12 Committees

12.1 The directors may, by Resolution of Directors, designate one or more committees,
each consisting of one or more directors, and delegate one or more of their powers, including the power to affix the Seal, to the committee.

12.2 The Directors may establish any committees, local boards or agencies or appoint
any person to be a manager or agent for managing the affairs of the Company and may appoint any person to be a member of such committees,
local boards or agencies. Any such appointment may be made subject to any conditions the Directors may impose, and either collaterally
with or to the exclusion of their own powers and any such appointment may be revoked or altered by the Directors. Subject to any such
conditions, the proceedings of any such committee, local board or agency
shall be governed by the Articles regulating the proceedings of Directors, so far as they are capable of applying.

12.3 The
Directors may adopt formal written charters for committees and, if so adopted, shall review and assess the adequacy of such formal written
charters on an annual basis. Each of these committees shall be empowered to do all things necessary to exercise the rights of such committee
set forth in the Articles and shall have such powers as the Directors may delegate pursuant to the Articles and as required by the rules
and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Commission and/or any other competent regulatory authority or otherwise under applicable
law. Each of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating Committee, if established, shall consist of such number
of Directors as the Directors shall from time to time determine for such minimum number as may be required from time to time by the rules
and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Commission and/or any other competent regulatory authority or otherwise under applicable
law). For so long as any class of Shares is listed on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee
and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, if established, shall be made up of such number of Independent Directors as is
required from time to time by the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Commission and/or any other competent regulatory
authority or otherwise under applicable law.

12.4 Where the Directors delegate their powers to a committee of Directors they remain
responsible for the exercise of that power by the committee, unless they believed on reasonable grounds at all times before the exercise
of the power that the committee would exercise the power in conformity with the duties imposed on Directors of the Company under the Act.

12.5 The directors have no power to delegate to a committee of directors any of the
following powers:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to designate committees of directors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) to delegate powers to a committee of directors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) to appoint directors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) to appoint an agent;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) to approve a plan of merger, consolidation or arrangement; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) to make a declaration of solvency or to approve a liquidation plan.

12.6 Regulations 12.5(b) and 12.5(c) do not prevent a committee of directors, where
authorised by the Resolution of Directors appointing such committee or by a subsequent Resolution of Directors, from appointing a sub-committee
and delegating powers exercisable by the committee to the sub-committee.

12.7 The meetings and proceedings of each committee of directors consisting of two or
more directors shall be governed mutatis mutandis by the provisions of the Articles regulating the proceedings of directors so far as
the same are not superseded by any provisions in the Resolution of Directors establishing the committee.

13 Officers and agents

13.1 The Company may by Resolution of Directors appoint officers of the Company at such
times as may be considered necessary or expedient. Such officers may consist of a Chairman of the Board of Directors, a Chief Executive
Officer, one or more vice- presidents, secretaries and treasurers and such other officers as may from time to time be considered necessary
or expedient. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

13.2 The
officers shall perform such duties as are prescribed at the time of their appointment subject to any modification in such duties as may
be prescribed thereafter by Resolution of Directors. In the absence of any specific prescription of duties it shall be the responsibility
of the Chairman of the Board to preside at meetings of directors and Members, the Chief Executive Officer to manage the day to day affairs
of the Company, the vice-presidents to act in order of seniority in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer but otherwise to perform
such duties as may be delegated to them by the Chief Executive Officer, the secretaries to maintain the share register, minute books
and records (other than financial records) of the Company and to ensure compliance with all procedural requirements imposed on the Company
by applicable law, and the treasurer to be responsible for the financial affairs of the Company.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;13.3 The emoluments of all officers shall be fixed by Resolution of Directors.

13.4 The officers of the Company shall hold office until their death, resignation or
removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by Resolution of Directors.
Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by Resolution of Directors.

13.5 The directors may, by a Resolution of Directors, appoint any person, including
a person who is a director, to be an agent of the Company. An agent of the Company shall have such powers and authority of the directors,
including the power and authority to affix the Seal, as are set forth in the Articles or in the Resolution of Directors appointing the
agent, except that no agent has any power or authority with respect to the matters specified in Regulation 12.1. The Resolution of Directors
appointing an agent may authorise the agent to appoint one or more substitutes or delegates to exercise some or all of the powers conferred
on the agent by the Company. The Directors may remove an agent appointed by the Company and may revoke or vary a power conferred on him.

14 Conflict of interests

14.1 A director of the Company shall, forthwith after becoming aware of the fact that
he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company, disclose the interest to all other Directors of the
Company.

14.2 For the purposes of Regulation 14.1, a disclosure to all other Directors to the
effect that a director is a member, Director or officer of another named entity or has a fiduciary relationship with respect to the entity
or a named individual and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction which may, after the date of the entry or disclosure, be
entered into with that entity or individual, is a sufficient disclosure of interest in relation to that transaction.

14.3 A Director of the Company who is interested in a transaction entered into or to
be entered into by the Company may:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) vote on a matter relating to the transaction;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) attend a meeting of Directors at which a matter relating to the transaction arises
and be included among the Directors present at the meeting for the purposes of a quorum; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) sign
a document on behalf of the Company, or do any other thing in his capacity as a Director, that relates to the transaction,

and, subject to compliance with the Act and these Articles shall not, by reason of his office be accountable to the Company for any benefit which he derives from such transaction and no such transaction shall be liable to be avoided on the grounds of any such interest or benefit.

15 Indemnification

15.1 Subject to the limitations hereinafter provided the Company shall indemnify, hold
harmless and exonerate against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and
reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings any person who:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending
or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a
Director of the Company; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) is or was, at the request of the Company, serving as a Director of, or in any other
capacity is or was acting for, another company or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other Enterprise.

15.2 The indemnity in Regulation 15.1 only applies if the person acted honestly and in
good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the Indemnitee had no reasonable
cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

15.3 The decision of the directors as to whether an Indemnitee acted honestly and in
good faith and with a view to the best interests of the Company and as to whether such Indemnitee had no reasonable cause to believe that
his conduct was unlawful is, in the absence of fraud, sufficient for the purposes of the Articles, unless a question of law is involved.

15.4 The termination of any proceedings by any judgment, order, settlement, conviction
or the entering of a nolle prosequi does not, by itself, create a presumption that the person did not act honestly and in good faith and
with a view to the best interests of the Company or that such Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

15.5 The Company may purchase and maintain insurance, purchase or furnish similar protection
or make other arrangements including, but not limited to, providing a trust fund, letter of credit, or surety bond in relation to any
Indemnitee or who at the request of the Company is or was serving as a Director, officer or liquidator of, or in any other capacity is
or was acting for, another Enterprise, against any liability asserted against the person and incurred by him in that capacity, whether
or not the Company has or would have had the power to indemnify him against the liability as provided in these Articles.

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|:---|:---|
| 16 | Records |

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;16.1 The Company shall keep the following documents at the office of its registered agent:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the
Memorandum and the Articles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the share register, or a copy of the share register;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the register of directors, or a copy of the register of directors; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) copies of all notices and other documents filed by the Company with the Registrar
of Corporate Affairs in the previous 10 years.

16.2 If the Company maintains only a copy of the share register or a copy of the register
of directors at the office of its registered agent, it shall:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) within fifteen (15) days of any change in either register, notify the registered
agent in writing of the change; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) provide the registered agent with a written record of the physical address of the
place or places at which the original share register or the original register of directors is kept.

16.3 The Company shall keep the following records at the office of its registered agent
or at such other place or places, within or outside the British Virgin Islands, as the directors may determine:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Members and classes of Members;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Directors and committees of Directors; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) an impression of the Seal, if any.

16.4 Where any original records referred to in this Regulation are maintained other than
at the office of the registered agent of the Company, and the place at which the original records is changed, the Company shall provide
the registered agent with the physical address of the new location of the records
of the Company within fourteen (14) days of the change of location.

16.5 The records kept by the Company under this Regulation shall be in written form or
either wholly or partly as electronic records complying with the requirements of the Electronic Transactions Act.

17 Registers of charges

17.1 The Company shall maintain at the office of its registered agent a register of

Company:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the date of creation of the charge;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a short description of the liability secured by the charge;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a short description of the property charged;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the
name and address of the trustee for the security or, if there is no such trustee, the name and address of the chargee;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) unless the charge is a security to bearer, the name and address of the holder of
the charge; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) details of any prohibition or restriction contained in the instrument creating the
charge on the power of the Company to create any future charge ranking in priority to or equally with the charge.

18 Continuation

The Company may by Resolution of Members or by a Resolution of Directors continue as a company incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands in the manner provided under those laws.

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|:---|:---|
| 19 | Seal |

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The Company may have more than one Seal and references herein to the Seal shall be references to every Seal which shall have been duly adopted by Resolution of Directors. The Directors shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal and for an imprint thereof to be kept at the registered office. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein the Seal when affixed to any written instrument shall be witnessed and attested to by the signature of any one director or other person so authorised from time to time by Resolution of Directors. Such authorisation may be before or after the Seal is affixed, may be general or specific and may refer to any number of sealings. The Directors may provide for a facsimile of the Seal and of the signature of any director or authorised person which may be reproduced by printing or other means on any instrument and it shall have the same force and validity as if the Seal had been affixed to such instrument and the same had been attested to as hereinbefore described.

20 Accounts and audit

20.1 The Company shall keep records and underlying documentation that are sufficient
to show and explain the Company's transactions and that will, at any time, enable the financial position of the Company to be determined
with reasonable accuracy.

20.2 The Directors may by Resolution of Directors appoint an auditor of the Company who
shall hold office on such terms as the Directors determine.

20.3 Notwithstanding Regulation 20.2, the Company shall, within 9 months after the end
of each year, file an annual return with its registered agent in the prescribed statutory form, provided that, if the Company has a financial
year that is not a calendar year, then the return shall be filed instead within 9 months of the end of that financial year.

20.4 If
the office of the auditor becomes vacant by resignation or death of the auditor, or by their becoming incapable of acting by reason of
illness or other disability at a time when their services are required, the Directors shall fill the vacancy and subject to Regulation
20.5, determine the renumeration of such auditor.

20.5 The remuneration of the auditors of the Company shall be fixed by the Audit Committee
(if one exists).

20.6 Every auditor of the Company shall have a right of access at all times to the books
of account and vouchers of the Company, and shall be entitled to require from the Directors and officers of the Company such information
and explanations as he thinks necessary for the performance of the duties of the auditors.

20.7 The auditors of the Company shall be entitled to receive notice of, and to attend
any meetings of Members at which the Company's profit and loss account and balance sheet are to be presented.

20.8 For so long as the Shares are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange,
and if required by the Designated Stock Exchange,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the Directors shall establish and maintain an audit committee as a committee of
the Board of Directors, the composition and responsibilities of which shall comply with the rules and regulations of the Commission and
the Designated Stock Exchange subject to any available exemptions therefrom and the operation of the Act. In such case, the Directors
shall adopt a formal written audit committee charter and review and assess the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) at least one member of the Audit Committee shall be an "audit committee financial
expert" as determined by the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Commission and/or other competent regulatory
authority or otherwise under applicable law. The "audit committee financial expert" shall have such past employment experience
in finance or accounting, requisite professional certification in accounting or any other comparable experience or background which results
in the individual's financial sophistication;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the audit committee (once established) shall meet at least once every financial
quarter, or more frequently as circumstances dictate; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Company shall conduct an appropriate review of all related party transactions
on an ongoing basis and, if required, shall utilise the audit committee for the review and approval of potential conflicts of interest.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| 21 | Notices |

---

21.1 Any notice, information or written statement to be given by the Company to Members
may be given by personal service by mail, facsimile or other similar means of electronic communication, addressed to each Member at the
address shown in the share register.

21.2 Any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement
to be served on the Company may be served by leaving it, or by sending it by registered mail addressed to the Company, at its registered
office, or by leaving it with, or by sending it by registered mail to, the registered agent of the Company.

21.3 Service
of any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be proved by showing
that the summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement was delivered to the registered office or the registered
agent of the Company or that it was mailed in such time as to admit to its being delivered to the registered office or the registered
agent of the Company in the normal course of delivery within the period prescribed for service and was correctly addressed and the postage
was prepaid.

22 Voluntary winding up

22.1 The Company may by a Resolution of Members or by a Resolution of Directors appoint
a voluntary liquidator.

We, Corporate Registrations Limited of Sea Meadow House, (P.O. Box 116), Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, in our capacity as registered agent for the Company hereby apply to the Registrar for the incorporation of the Company this 29th day of December, 2023.

---

| |
|:---|
| Incorporator |
| Sgd: Alicia Davis and Marsha Fahie |
| Alicia Davis and Marsha Fahie |
| Authorised Signatories |
| Corporate Registrations Limited |
| Sea Meadow House |
| P.O. Box 116 |
| Road Town, Tortola |
| British Virgin Islands |

---

## Exhibit 4.1

**Exhibit 4.1**

PTL LIMITED

FORM OF

SENIOR INDENTURE

Dated as of [ ], 20[ ]

[ ]

Trustee

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | PAGE |
| ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.01. Definitions. | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.02. Other Definitions. | 3 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. | 3 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.04. Rules of Construction. | 4 |
| ARTICLE II THE SECURITIES | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.01. Issuable in Series. | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.02. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.03. Execution and Authentication. | 5 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.04. Registrar and Paying Agent. | 6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.05. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. | 6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.06. Securityholder Lists. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.07. Transfer and Exchange. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.08. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.09. Outstanding Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.10. Treasury Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.11. Temporary Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.12. Cancellation. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.13. Defaulted Interest. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.14. Global Securities. | 9 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.15. CUSIP Numbers. | 10 |
| ARTICLE III REDEMPTION | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.01. Notice to Trustee. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.02. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.03. Notice of Redemption. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.06. Securities Redeemed in Part. | 11 |
| ARTICLE IV COVENANTS | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.01. Payment of Principal and Interest. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.02. SEC Reports. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.03. Compliance Certificate. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.04. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.05. Corporate Existence. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.06. Taxes. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.07. Additional Interest Notice. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.08. Further Instruments and Acts. | 13 |
| ARTICLE V SUCCESSORS | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 5.01. When Company May Merge, Etc. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 5.02. Successor Corporation Substituted. | 13 |
| ARTICLE VI DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.01. Events of Default. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. | 15 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. | 15 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.04. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.05. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.06. Application of Money Collected. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.07. Limitation on Suits. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.08. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.09. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. | 17 |

---

i

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.12. Control by Holders. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.14. Undertaking for Costs. | 18 |
| ARTICLE VII TRUSTEE | 18 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee. | 18 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.04. Trustee's Disclaimer. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.05. Notice of Defaults. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity. | 20 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee. | 20 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger, etc. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. | 21 |
| ARTICLE VIII SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.02. Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification. | 22 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.03. Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series. | 22 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.04. Covenant Defeasance. | 23 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.05. Repayment to Company. | 24 |
| ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders. | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders. | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.03. Limitations. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.04. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.05. Revocation and Effect of Consents. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.06. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.07. Trustee Protected. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.08. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. | 26 |
| ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls. | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.02. Notices. | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.03. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.06. Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.07. Rules by Trustee and Agents. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.08. Legal Holidays. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.09. No Recourse Against Others. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.10. Counterparts. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.11. Governing Laws and Submission to Jurisdiction. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.12. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.13. Successors. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.14. Severability. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.15. **Table of Contents**, Headings, Etc. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.16. Securities in a Foreign Currency or in ECU. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.17. Judgment Currency. | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.18. Compliance with Applicable Anti-Terrorism and Money Laundering Regulations. | 29 |
| ARTICLE XI SINKING FUNDS | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.01. Applicability of Article. | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.02. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. | 30 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.03. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. | 30 |

---

ii

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and Indenture,

Dated as of [ ], 20[ ]

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Section 310(a)(1) | 7.10 |
| (a)(2) | 7.10 |
| (a)(3) | Not Applicable |
| (a)(4) | Not Applicable |
| (a)(5) | 7.10 |
| (b) | 7.10 |
| (c) | Not Applicable |
| Section 311(a) | 7.11 |
| (b) | 7.11 |
| (c) | Not Applicable |
| Section 312(a) | 2.06 |
| (b) | 10.03 |
| (c) | 10.03 |
| Section 313(a) | 7.06 |
| (b)(1) | 7.06 |
| (b)(2) | 7.06 |
| (c)(1) | 7.06 |
| (d) | 7.06 |
| Section 314(a) | 4.02, 10.05 |
| (b) | Not Applicable |
| (c)(1) | 10.04 |
| (c)(2) | 10.04 |
| (c)(3) | Not Applicable |
| (d) | Not Applicable |
| (e) | 10.05 |
| (f) | Not Applicable |
| Section 315(a) | 7.01 |
| (b) | 7.05 |
| (c) | 7.01 |
| (d) | 7.01 |
| (e) | 6.14 |
| Section 316(a)(1)(A) | 6.12 |
| (a)(1)(B) | 6.13 |
| (a)(2) | Not Applicable |
| (b) | 6.13 |
| (c) | 10.06 |
| Section 317(a)(1) | 6.03 |
| (a)(2) | 6.04 |
| (b) | 2.05 |
| Section 318(a) | 10.01 |

---

Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.

iii

Indenture dated as of [ ], 20[ ] between PTL Limited, a company organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the "Company") and [ ] (the "Trustee").

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under this Indenture.

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

SECTION 1.01. <u>Definitions</u>.

"**Additional Amounts**" means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified therein and which are owing to such Holders.

"**Affiliate**" of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise.

"**Agent**" means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

"**Bankruptcy Law**" means Title 11 of the United States Code (or any successor thereto) or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

"**Board of Directors**" means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.

"**Board Resolution**" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the Trustee.

"**Business Day**" means any day other than a (x) Saturday, (y) Sunday or (z) day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

"**Capital Stock**" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity.

"**Certificated Securities**" means Securities in the form of physical, certificated Securities in registered form.

"**Company**" means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor.

"**Company Order**" means a written order signed in the name of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.

"**Company Request**" means a written request signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, a President or a Vice President, and by its Chief Financial Officer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

"**Corporate Trust Office**" means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered which office at the date of the execution of this Indenture is [ ], Attention: [ ], or at such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time.

"**Custodian**" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

"**Default**" or "default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

"**Default Rate**" means the default rate of interest specified in the Securities.

"**Depository**" means, with respect to the Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, the person designated as Depository for such Series by the Company, which Depository shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more than one such person, "Depository" as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Depository with respect to the Securities of such Series.

"**Discount Security**" means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

"**Dollars**" means the currency of The United States of America.

"**ECU**" means the European Currency Unit as determined by the Commission of the European Union.

"**Exchange Act**" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

"**Foreign Currency**" means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of The United States of America.

"**Foreign Government Obligations**" means with respect to Securities of any Series that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, (i) direct obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality of such government the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government, which, in either case under clauses (i) or (ii), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.

"**Global Security**" or "**Global Securities**" means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section 2.02 evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depository for such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depository or nominee.

"**Holder**" or "**Securityholder**" means a person in whose name a Security is registered.

"**Indenture**" means this Indenture as amended and supplemented from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder.

"**Interest**," in respect of the Securities, unless the context otherwise requires, refers to interest payable on the Securities, including any additional interest that may become payable pursuant to Section 6.02(b).

"**Maturity**," when used with respect to any Security or installment of principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

"**Officer**" means the Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice-President, the Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer or any Assistant Secretary of the Company.

"**Officers' Certificate**" means a certificate signed by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.

"**Opinion of Counsel**" means a written opinion of legal counsel who is, and which opinion is, acceptable to the Trustee and its counsel. Such legal counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee.

"**Person**" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

"**Principal**" or "**principal**" of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in respect of, the Security.

"**Responsible Officer**" means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, any vice president, managing director, director, associate, assistant vice president, or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.

"**SEC**" means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

"**Security**" or "**Securities**" means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

"**Series**" or "**Series of Securities**" means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.01 and 2.02 hereof.

"**Stated Maturity**" when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

"**Subordinated Indebtedness**" means any indebtedness which is expressly subordinated to the indebtedness evidenced by Securities.

"**Subsidiary**" means, in respect of any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.

"**TIA**" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code Sections 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, "TIA" means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.

"**Trustee**" means the person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.

"**U.S. Government Obligations**" means securities which are (i) direct obligations of The United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of The United States of America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by The United States of America, and which in the case of (i) and (ii) are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

SECTION 1.02. <u>Other Definitions</u>.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| TERM | DEFINED IN SECTION |
| "Applicable Law" | 10.18 |
| "Event of Default" | 6.01 |
| "Instrument" | 6.01 |
| "Journal" | 10.16 |
| "Judgment Currency" | 10.17 |
| "Legal Holiday" | 10.08 |
| "mandatory sinking fund payment" | 11.01 |
| "Market Exchange Rate" | 10.16 |
| "New York Banking Day" | 10.17 |
| "optional sinking fund payment" | 11.01 |
| "Paying Agent" | 2.04 |
| "Registrar" | 2.04 |
| "Required Currency" | 10.17 |
| "successor person" | 5.01 |
| "Temporary Securities" | 2.11 |

---

SECTION 1.03. <u>Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</u>.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. This Indenture shall also include those provisions of the TIA required to be included herein by the provisions of the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

"**indenture securities**" means the Securities.

"**indenture security holder**" means a Securityholder.

"**indenture to be qualified**" means this Indenture.

"**indenture trustee**" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee.

"**obligor**" on the indenture securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities.

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined.

SECTION 1.04. <u>Rules of Construction</u>.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) references to "generally accepted accounting principles" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in effect as of the time when and for the period as to which such accounting principles are to be applied;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) "or" is not exclusive;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) provisions apply to successive events and transactions;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) references to agreements and other instruments include subsequent amendments thereto;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) the term "merger" includes a statutory share exchange, and the term "merged" has a correlative meaning; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) "herein," "hereof" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

ARTICLE II

THE SECURITIES

SECTION 2.01. <u>Issuable in Series</u>.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.

SECTION 2.02. <u>Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities</u>.

At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection (a), and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections (b) through (t) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the title, designation, aggregate principal amount and authorized denominations of the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the price or prices, (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series is payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) any optional or mandatory sinking fund provisions or conversion or exchangeability provisions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed, purchased, converted or exchanged;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the date, if any, after which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the Series may be optionally redeemed or must be mandatorily redeemed and any other terms and provisions of optional or mandatory provisions;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be issuable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) if other than the full principal amount, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration pursuant to Section 6.02 or provable in bankruptcy;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.02;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, if other than the currency of the United States of America;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) if payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at the election of any Holder, in a currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, the election may be made;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) if payments of interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at the election of any Holder, in cash or additional securities, and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(m) if denominated in a currency or currencies other than the currency of the United States of America, the equivalent price of the Securities of the Series in the currency of the United States of America for purposes of determining the voting rights of Holders of the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(n) if the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method based on a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the manner in which the amounts will be determined;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(o) any restrictive covenants or other material terms relating to the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(p) whether the Securities of the Series will be issued in the form of global securities or certificates in registered form;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(q) any terms with respect to subordination;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(r) any listing on any securities exchange or quotation system;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(s) additional provisions, if any, related to defeasance and discharge of the offered debt securities; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(t) the applicability of any guarantees, which would be governed by New York law.

All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuance of additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental Indenture or Officers' Certificate.

SECTION 2.03. <u>Execution and Authentication</u>.

Two Officers shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.

A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.

The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent or agents, which oral instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02, except as provided in Section 2.08.

Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.02) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officers' Certificate complying with Section 10.04, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.04.

The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if a Responsible Officer of the Trustee in good faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate.

If any successor that has replaced the Company in accordance with Article 5 has executed an indenture supplemental hereto with the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.01, any of the Securities authenticated or delivered prior to such transaction may, from time to time, at the request of such successor, be exchanged for other Securities executed in the name of the such successor with such changes in phraseology and form as may be appropriate, but otherwise identical to the Securities surrendered for such exchange and of like principal amount; and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order of such successor, shall authenticate and deliver Securities as specified in such order for the purpose of such exchange. If Securities shall at any time be authenticated and delivered in any new name of such successor pursuant to this provision of Section 2.03 in exchange or substitution for or upon registration of transfer of any Securities, such successor, at the option of the Holders but without expense to them, shall provide for the exchange of all Securities then outstanding for Securities authenticated and delivered in such new name.

SECTION 2.04. <u>Registrar and Paying Agent</u>.

The Company shall maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.02, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment ("Paying Agent") and where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange ("Registrar"). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each Registrar and Paying Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar or Paying Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations and surrenders may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations and surrenders.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars or additional paying agents and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section 2.02 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar or additional paying agent. The term "Registrar" includes any co-registrar; and the term "Paying Agent" includes any additional paying agent.

The Company hereby appoints [ ] as the initial Registrar and Paying Agent for each Series unless another Registrar or Paying Agent as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued. Each Registrar and Paying Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, protections, exculpations and indemnities afforded to the Trustee in connection with its roles as Registrar and Paying Agent.

SECTION 2.05. <u>Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust</u>.

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent.

SECTION 2.06. <u>Securityholder Lists</u>.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least [ ] days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities.

SECTION 2.07. <u>Transfer and Exchange</u>.

Where Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar's request. Any exchange or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company or the Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge required by law; provided that this sentence shall not apply to any exchange pursuant to Section 2.11, 2.08, 3.06 or 9.06.

Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning at the opening of business [ ] days immediately preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part.

All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange. Any Registrar appointed pursuant to Section 2.04 shall provide to the Trustee such information as the Trustee may reasonably require in connection with the delivery by such Registrar of Securities upon transfer or exchange of Securities. Each Holder of a Security agrees to indemnify the Company and the Trustee against any liability that may result from the transfer, exchange or assignment of such Holder's Security in violation of any provision of this Indenture and/or applicable U.S. federal or state securities law.

SECTION 2.08. <u>Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</u>.

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Registrar, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Registrar (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Registrar that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

SECTION 2.09. <u>Outstanding Securities</u>.

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.08, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser.

If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate holds the Security.

In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

SECTION 2.10. <u>Treasury Securities</u>.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver Securities of a Series owned by the Company or an Affiliate shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.

SECTION 2.11. <u>Temporary Securities</u>.

Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary securities upon a Company Order ("Temporary Securities"). Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon written request shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities.

SECTION 2.12. <u>Cancellation</u>.

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee or its agent any Securities surrendered to them for transfer, exchange, payment or conversion. The Trustee and no one else shall cancel, in accordance with its standard procedures, all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, conversion or cancellation and shall deliver the cancelled Securities to the Company. No Security shall be authenticated in exchange for any Security cancelled pursuant to this Section 2.12.

The Company may, to the extent permitted by law, purchase Securities in the open market or by tender offer at any price or by private agreement. Any Securities purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the final maturity of such Securities may, to the extent permitted by law, be reissued or resold or may, at the option of the Company, be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation. Any Securities surrendered for cancellation may not be reissued or resold and shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee, and the Company may not hold or resell such Securities or issue any new Securities to replace any such Securities.

SECTION 2.13. <u>Defaulted Interest</u>.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of Securities, it shall pay defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest at the Default Rate, to the persons who are Security holders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least [ ] days before the record date, the Company shall mail to the Trustee and the Paying Agent and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.

SECTION 2.14. <u>Global Securities</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate shall establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depository for such Global Security or Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) (i) Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.07 of the Indenture and in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.07 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depository for such Security or its nominee only if (A) such Depository notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global Security or if at any time such Depository ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depository within 90 days of such event, (B) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (C) an Event of Default with respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have happened and be continuing.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) Except as provided in this Section 2.14(b), a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depository, by a nominee of such Depository to such Depository or another nominee of such Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be issued in definitive, fully registered form, without interest coupons, shall have an aggregate principal amount equal to that of such Global Security or portion thereof to be so exchanged, shall be registered in such names and be in such authorized denominations as the Depository shall designate and shall bear the applicable legends provided for herein. Any Global Security to be exchanged in whole shall be surrendered by the Depository to the Trustee, as Registrar. With regard to any Global Security to be exchanged in part, either such Global Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or, if the Registrar is acting as custodian for the Depository or its nominee with respect to such Global Security, the principal amount thereof shall be reduced by an amount equal to the portion thereof to be so exchanged, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Trustee. Upon any such surrender or adjustment, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Security issuable on such exchange to or upon the order of the Depository or an authorized representative thereof.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) The registered Holder may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person, including participants in the Depository and persons that may hold interests through participants in the Depository, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) In the event of the occurrence of any of the events specified in 2.14(b)(i), the Company will promptly make available to the Trustee a reasonable supply of Certificated Securities in definitive, fully registered form, without interest coupons. If (A) an event described in Section 2.14(b)(i)(A) or (B) occurs and definitive Certificated Securities are not issued promptly to all beneficial owners or (B) the Registrar receives from a beneficial owner instructions to obtain definitive Certificated Securities due to an event described in Section 2.14(b)(i)(C) and definitive Certificated Securities are not issued promptly to any such beneficial owner, the Company expressly acknowledges, with respect to the right of any Holder to pursue a remedy pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, the right of any beneficial owner of Securities to pursue such remedy with respect to the portion of the Global Security that represents such beneficial owner's Securities as if such definitive certificated Securities had been issued.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(vi) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in this Indenture, so long as a Global Security remains outstanding and is held by or on behalf of the Depository, transfers of a Global Security, in whole or in part, or of any beneficial interest therein, shall only be made in accordance with Section 2.07, this Section 2.14(b) and the rules and procedures of the Depository for such Global Security to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

"This Security is a Global Security within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depository or a nominee of the Depository. This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository, by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository."

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The Depository, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.02, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof at their registered office.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) At all times the Securities are held in book-entry form with a Depository, (i) the Trustee may deal with such Depository as the authorized representative of the Holders, (ii) the rights of the Holders shall be exercised only through the Depository and shall be limited to those established by law and agreement between the Holders and the Depository and/or direct participants of the Depository, (iii) the Depository will make book-entry transfers among the direct participants of the Depository and will receive and transmit distributions of principal and interest on the Securities to such direct participants; and (iv) the direct participants of the Depository shall have no rights under this Indenture, or any supplement hereto, under or with respect to any of the Securities held on their behalf by the Depository, and the Depository may be treated by the Trustee and its agents, employees, officers and directors as the absolute owner of the Securities for all purposes whatsoever.

SECTION 2.15. <u>CUSIP Numbers</u>.

The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP", "ISIN" or other identification numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use "CUSIP", "ISIN" or such other identification numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.

ARTICLE III

REDEMPTION

SECTION 3.01. <u>Notice to Trustee</u>.

The Company may, with respect to any series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee and Registrar in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be redeemed. The Company shall give the notice at least [ ] days before the redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to the Trustee and Registrar).

SECTION 3.02. <u>Selection of Securities to be Redeemed</u>.

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate, if less than all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Registrar shall select the Securities of the Series to be redeemed in accordance with its customary procedures. The Registrar shall make the selection from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption. The Registrar may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations larger than $1,000. Securities of the Series and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations pursuant to Section 2.02(g), the minimum principal denomination for each Series and integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities of that Series called for redemption.

SECTION 3.03. <u>Notice of Redemption</u>.

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate, at least [ ] days but not more than [ ] days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed.

The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the redemption date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the redemption price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) any other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series or the Securities of a Series being redeemed.

At the Company's written request, the Trustee shall distribute the notice of redemption prepared by the Company in the Company's name and at its expense.

SECTION 3.04. <u>Effect of Notice of Redemption</u>.

Once notice of redemption is mailed or published as provided in Section 3.03, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price. A notice of redemption may not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date.

SECTION 3.05. <u>Deposit of Redemption Price</u>.

On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.

SECTION 3.06. <u>Securities Redeemed in Part</u>.

Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the same maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.

ARTICLE IV<br>COVENANTS

SECTION 4.01. <u>Payment of Principal and Interest</u>.

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture.

Unless otherwise provided under the terms of a particular Series of Securities:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) an installment of principal or interest shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Paying Agent (other than the Company) holds by [ ] [a].m., New York City time, on that date money, deposited by the Company or an Affiliate thereof, sufficient to pay such installment. The Company shall (in immediately available funds), to the fullest extent permitted by law, pay interest on overdue principal and overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the Securities per annum; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) payment of the principal of and interest on the Securities shall be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in [ ] (which shall initially be [ ], the Paying Agent) in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; *provided, however*, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears in the register; *provided, further*, that a Holder with an aggregate principal amount in excess of $[ ] will be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds at the election of such Holder if such Holder has provided wire transfer instructions to the Company at least [ ] Business Days prior to the payment date.

SECTION 4.02. <u>SEC Reports</u>.

So long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company shall (i) file with the SEC within the time periods prescribed by its rules and regulations and (ii) furnish to the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities within [ ] days after the date on which the Company would be required to file the same with the SEC pursuant to its rules and regulations (giving effect to any grace period provided by Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act), all quarterly and annual financial information required to be furnished or filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 and Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act and, with respect to the annual consolidated financial statements only, a report thereon by the Company's independent auditors. The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a).

Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates). The Company shall not be required to file any report or other information with the SEC if the SEC does not permit such filing, although such reports shall be furnished to the Trustee. Documents filed by the Company with the SEC via the SEC's EDGAR system (or any successor thereto) will be deemed furnished to the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities as of the time such documents are filed via EDGAR (or such successor).

SECTION 4.03. <u>Compliance Certificate</u>.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within [ ] days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an officers certificate signed by two of the Company's officers stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he may have knowledge in reasonable detail and the efforts to remedy the same). For purposes of this Section 4.03, compliance shall be determined without regard to any grace period or requirement of notice provided pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within [ ] days after the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officers' Certificate of any Event of Default described in Section 6.01(e), (f), (g) or (h) and any event of which it becomes aware that with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become such an Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. For the avoidance of doubt, a breach of a covenant under an Instrument that is not a payment default and that has not given rise to a right of acceleration under such Instrument shall not trigger the requirement to provide notice under this paragraph.

SECTION 4.04. <u>Stay, Extension and Usury Laws</u>.

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

SECTION 4.05. <u>Corporate Existence</u>.

Subject to Article V, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each Subsidiary in accordance with the respective organizational documents of each Subsidiary and the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Subsidiary, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders.

SECTION 4.06. <u>Taxes</u>.

The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay prior to delinquency all taxes, assessments and governmental levies, except as contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings.

SECTION 4.07. <u>Additional Interest Notice</u>*.*

In the event that the Company is required to pay additional interest to Holders of Securities pursuant to Section 6.02(b) hereof, the Company shall provide a direction or order in the form of a written notice to the Trustee (and if the Trustee is not the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent) of the Company's obligation to pay such additional interest no later than [ ] Business Days prior to date on which any such additional interest is scheduled to be paid. Such notice shall set forth the amount of additional interest to be paid by the Company on such payment date and direct the Trustee (or, if the Trustee is not the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent) to make payment to the extent it receives funds from the Company to do so. The Trustee shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to determine whether additional interest is payable, or with respect to the nature, extent, or calculation of the amount of additional interest owed, or with respect to the method employed in such calculation of additional interest.

SECTION 4.08. <u>Further Instruments and Acts</u>.

The Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of this Indenture.

ARTICLE V

SUCCESSORS

SECTION 5.01. <u>When Company May Merge, Etc</u>.

The Company shall not consolidate with, enter into a binding share exchange, or merge into any other Person in a transaction in which it is not the surviving entity, or sell, assign, convey, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person (a "successor person"), unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the successor person (if any) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands and expressly assumes by a supplemental indenture executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and any interest on, all Securities and the performance or observance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction, an Officers' Certificate to the foregoing effect and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture.

SECTION 5.02. <u>Successor Corporation Substituted</u>.

Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01, the successor person formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Company herein; provided, however, that the predecessor company in the case of a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company shall not be released from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities.

ARTICLE VI<br>DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

SECTION 6.01. <u>Events of Default</u>.

"Event of Default," wherever used herein with respect to securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to the expiration of such period of 30 days); or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) default in the payment of any principal of any Security of that Series at its Maturity; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due in respect of any Security of that Series; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Company fails to perform or comply with any of its other covenants or agreements contained in the Securities or in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement a default in whose performance or whose breach is specifically dealt with in clauses (a), (b) or (c) of this Section 6.01) and the default continues for 60 days after notice is given as specified below;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) any indebtedness under any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary or under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by, or any other payment obligation of, the Company or any Subsidiary (an "Instrument") with a principal amount then, individually or in the aggregate, outstanding in excess of $[ ], whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created, is not paid at Maturity or when otherwise due or is accelerated, and such indebtedness is not discharged, or such default in payment or acceleration is not cured or rescinded, within a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least [ ]% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default and requiring the Company to cause such indebtedness to be discharged or cause such default to be cured or waived or such acceleration to be rescinded or annulled and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder. A payment obligation (other than indebtedness under any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary or under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary) shall not be deemed to have matured, come due, or been accelerated to the extent that it is being disputed by the relevant obligor or obligors in good faith. For the avoidance of doubt, the Maturity of an Instrument is the Maturity as set forth in that Instrument, as it may be amended from time to time in accordance with the terms of that Instrument;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the Company or any Subsidiary fails to pay one or more final and non-appealable judgments entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction, the aggregate uninsured or unbonded portion of which is in excess of $[ ], if the judgments are not paid, discharged, waived or stayed within [ ] days;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) commences a voluntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) or generally is unable to pay its debts as the same become due; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) is for relief against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in an involuntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or any such Subsidiary; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

and the case of each of clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for [ ] consecutive days; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.02(i).

A default under clause (d) above is not an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company, or the Holders of at least [ ]% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding notify the Company and the Trustee, in writing of the default, and the Company does not cure the default within 60 days after receipt of such notice. The notice given pursuant to this Section 6.01 must specify the default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice of Default." When any default under this Section 6.01 is cured, it ceases.

The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless written notice thereof shall have been given to a Trust Officer at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee by the Company, a Paying Agent, any Holder or any agent of any Holder.

SECTION 6.02. <u>Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (g) or (h) of Section 6.01) occurs and is continuing with respect to any Securities of any Series, then in every such case, the Trustee may, by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that Series (or, if any Securities of that Series are Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) then outstanding may, by notice to the Company and the Trustee, declare all unpaid principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on to the date of acceleration, the Securities of that Series then outstanding (if not then due and payable) to be due and payable upon any such declaration, and the same shall become and be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (g) or (h) of Section 6.01 occurs, all unpaid principal of the Securities then outstanding, and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of acceleration, shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that Series then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration of such Securities of that Series and its consequences if (a) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Securities which has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived; (b) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest (calculated at the Default Rate) on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal, which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, has been paid; (c) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction; and (d) all payments due to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 7.07 have been made. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereto.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Notwithstanding any of provision of this Article 6, at the election of the Company in its sole discretion, the sole remedy under this Indenture for an Event of Default relating to the failure to comply with Section 4.02, and for any failure to comply with the requirements of Section 314(a)(1) of the TIA, will consist, for the 180 days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default, exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the Securities at a rate equal to 0.50% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding up to, but not including, the 181st day thereafter (or, if applicable, the earlier date on which the Event of Default relating to Section 4.02 is cured or waived). Any such additional interest will be payable in the same manner and on the same dates as the stated interest payable on the Securities. In no event shall additional interest accrue under the terms of this Indenture at a rate in excess of 0.50% per annum, in the aggregate, for any violation or default caused by the failure of the Company to be current in respect of its Exchange Act reporting obligations. If the Event of Default is continuing on the 181st day after an Event of Default relating to a failure to comply with Section 4.02, the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided in this Section 6.02. The provisions of this Section 6.02(b) will not affect the rights of Holders in the event of the occurrence of any other Events of Default.

In order to elect to pay additional interest as the sole remedy during the first 180 days after the occurrence of an Event of Default relating to the failure to comply with Section 4.02 in accordance with the immediately preceding paragraph, the Company shall notify all Holders and the Trustee and Paying Agent of such election on or before the close of business on the fifth Business Day after the date on which such Event of Default otherwise would occur. Upon a failure by the Company to timely give such notice or pay additional interest, the Securities will be immediately subject to acceleration as otherwise provided in this Section 6.02.

SECTION 6.03. <u>Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</u>.

If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

If an Event of Default in the payment of principal, interest, if any, specified in clause (a) or (b) of Section 6.01 occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or another obligor on the Securities for the whole amount of principal, and accrued interest remaining unpaid, if any, together with, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue principal, on overdue installments of interest, if any, in each case at the Default Rate, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

SECTION 6.04. <u>Trustee May File Proofs of Claim</u>.

In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07.

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.05. <u>Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</u>.

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

SECTION 6.06. <u>Application of Money Collected</u>.

Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: and

*First*: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07;

*Second*: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and

*Third*: To the Company.

SECTION 6.07. <u>Limitation on Suits</u>.

No Holder of any Security of any Series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder (except actions for payment of overdue principal and interest), unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Holders of not less than [ ]% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Trustee for [ ] days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such [ ]-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

SECTION 6.08. <u>Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest</u>.

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

SECTION 6.09. <u>Restoration of Rights and Remedies</u>.

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

SECTION 6.10. <u>Rights and Remedies Cumulative</u>.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.08, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

SECTION 6.11. <u>Delay or Omission Not Waiver</u>.

No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

SECTION 6.12. <u>Control by Holders</u>.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) subject to the provisions of Section 6.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability or would be unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Holder or the Trustee.

SECTION 6.13. <u>Waiver of Past Defaults</u>.

Subject to Section 9.02, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.14. <u>Undertaking for Costs</u>.

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than [ ]% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date).

ARTICLE VII

TRUSTEE

SECTION 7.01. <u>Duties of Trustee</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied duties, covenants or obligations shall be deemed to be imposed upon the Trustee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officers' Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; however, in the case of any such Officers' Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officers' Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to determine whether or not they conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of Section 7.01 herein.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it receives an indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk or expend its own funds or otherwise incur liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the same rights, indemnities, protections and immunities afforded to the Trustee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) The Trustee shall have no duty to monitor the performance or compliance of the Company with its obligations hereunder or any under supplement hereto, nor shall it have any liability in connection with the malfeasance or nonfeasance by the Company. The Trustee shall have no liability in connection with compliance by the Company with statutory or regulatory requirements related to this Indenture, any supplement or any Securities issued pursuant hereto or thereto.

SECTION 7.02. <u>Rights of Trustee</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely on and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting as a result of its reasonable belief that any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, direction, approval or other paper or document was genuine and had been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it sees fit.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of, or for the supervision of, any agent appointed with due care. No Depository shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depository.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by or pursuant to this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders of Securities, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

SECTION 7.03. <u>Individual Rights of Trustee</u>.

The Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

SECTION 7.04. <u>Trustee's Disclaimer</u>.

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities and the recitals contained herein and in the Securities shall be taken as statements of the Company and not of the Trustee, and the Trustee has no responsibility for such recitals. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the Company's use or application of the proceeds from the Securities or for monies paid over to the Company pursuant to this Indenture, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its authentication.

SECTION 7.05. <u>Notice of Defaults</u>.

If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge or receives written notice of such event, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series, notice of a Default or Event of Default within [ ] days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, including any additional interest that may become payable pursuant to Section 6.02(b), the Trustee may withhold the notice so long as the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Securityholders of that Series.

SECTION 7.06. <u>Reports by Trustee to Holders</u>.

Within [ ] days after [ ] in each year, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register kept by the Registrar, a brief report dated as of such [ ], in accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA Section 313.

A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which the Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange.

SECTION 7.07. <u>Compensation and Indemnity</u>.

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation for its services as shall be agreed upon in writing. The Trustee's compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee's agents, counsel and other persons not regularly in its employ.

The Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Trustee and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents, from and against and reimburse the Trustee for any and all claims, expenses, obligations, liabilities, losses, damages, injuries (to person, property, or natural resources), penalties, stamp or other similar taxes, actions, suits, judgments, reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable attorney's and agent's fees and expenses) of whatever kind or nature regardless of their merit, demanded, asserted or claimed against the Trustee directly or indirectly relating to, or arising from, claims against the Trustee by reason of its participation in the transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation all reasonable costs required to be associated with claims for damages to persons or property, and reasonable attorneys' and consultants' fees and expenses and court costs except to the extent caused by the Trustee's negligence or willful misconduct. The provisions of this Section 7.07 shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee. The Company shall defend any claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.

The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith.

To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities of that Series.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(f) or (g) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

SECTION 7.08. <u>Replacement of Trustee</u>.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee's acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section.

The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series if:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within [ ] days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least [ ]% in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07, and subject to the payment of any and all amounts then due and owing to the retiring Trustee, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to each Securityholder of each such Series. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Company's obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring trustee with respect to expenses and liabilities incurred by it prior to such replacement.

SECTION 7.09. <u>Successor Trustee by Merger, etc</u>.

If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee with the same effect as if the successor Trustee had been named as the Trustee herein.

SECTION 7.10. <u>Eligibility; Disqualification</u>.

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall always have a combined capital and surplus of at least $[ ] as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11. <u>Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company</u>.

The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TTA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated.

ARTICLE VIII

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

SECTION 8.01. <u>Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</u>.

This Indenture shall upon Company Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.01), and the Trustee, on the demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) either

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) have become due and payable, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within [ ], or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) are to be called for redemption within [ ] under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to section 8.03, as applicable; and the Company, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each meeting the applicable requirements of Sections 10.04 and 10.05 and each stating that all conditions precedent herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with and the Trustee receives written demand from the Company to discharge.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.07, and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.04, 2.07, 2.08, 8.01 8.02 and 8.05 shall survive.

SECTION 8.02. <u>Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.05, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.01, all money and U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.03 or 8.04 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.03 or 8.04, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments as contemplated by Sections 8.03 or 8.04.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee and the Agents against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.03 or 8.04 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee shall, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, deliver or pay to the Company from time to time, upon Company Request and at the expense of the Company any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money held by it pursuant to this Indenture as provided in Sections 8.03 or 8.04 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants, expressed in a written certification thereof and delivered to the Trustee together with such Company Request, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money were deposited or received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this Indenture.

SECTION 8.03. <u>Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series</u>.

Unless this Section 8.03 is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section 2.02(s), to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of such Series on the [ ] day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the company, shall, at Company Request, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d) hereof, (i) payment of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities of such Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the provisions of Sections 2.04, 2.07, 2.08, 2.14, 8.02, 8.03 and 8.05; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee hereunder; provided that, the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Company shall have deposited or caused to be deposited irrevocably with the Paying Agent as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Paying Agent), not later than [ ] day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee and the Paying Agent, to pay and discharge each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of and interest, if any, on all the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the [ ] day after such date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) such deposit shall not result in the trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended), or such trust shall be qualified under such Act or exempt from regulation thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with.

SECTION 8.04. <u>Covenant Defeasance</u>.

Unless this Section 8.04 is otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.02(s) to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, on and after the [ ] day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (a) hereof, the Company may omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.02, 4.03, 4.04, 4.05, 4.06, and 5.01 as well as any additional covenants contained in a supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02(s) (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default under Section 6.01) and the occurrence of any event described in clause (e) of Section 6.01 shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) With reference to this Section 8.04, the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.02(c)) with the Paying Agent as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Paying Agent), not later than [ ] day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Paying Agent, to pay principal and interest, if any, on and any mandatory sinking fund in respect of the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the [ ] day after such date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with.

SECTION 8.05. <u>Repayment to Company</u>.

The Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person and all liability of the Paying Agent with respect to that money shall cease.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

SECTION 9.01. <u>Without Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to comply with Article V;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted by this Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) to comply with requirements of the TIA and any rules promulgated under the TIA; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) to add to the covenants of the Company for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders or to surrender any right, power or option conferred upon the Company.

Any amendment or supplement made solely to conform the provisions of this Indenture or the Securities of any Series to the description thereof contained in the final prospectus relating to such Series will be deemed not to adversely affect the rights of any Holder.

SECTION 9.02. <u>With Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company and the Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by such supplemental indenture, taken together as one class (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Securityholders of each such Series. Except as provided in Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by such waiver by notice to the Trustee, taken together as one class (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After a supplemental indenture or waiver under this section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Securities affected thereby a notice briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver. Any failure by the Company to mail or publish such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver.

SECTION 9.03. <u>Limitations</u>.

Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an amendment or waiver may not:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) change the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver, except to increase any such amount or to provide that certain provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified, amended or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected thereby;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) reduce the amount of interest, or change the interest payment time, on any Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) waive a redemption payment or alter the redemption provisions (other than any alteration that would not materially adversely affect the legal rights of any Holder under this Indenture) or the price at which the Company is required to offer to purchase the Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) reduce the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) reduce the principal amount payable of any Security upon Maturity;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) change the place or currency of payment of principal of or interest, if any, on any Security other than that stated in the Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal or, or interest on, the Securities of such Holder on or after the due dates therefor;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on, or with respect to, any Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) make any change in Sections 10.15 or 10.16;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) change the ranking of the Securities; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) make any other change which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate as a limitation under this Section.

For the avoidance of doubt, any amendment or waiver shall always be subject to the consent of the Company.

SECTION 9.04. <u>Compliance with Trust Indenture Act</u>.

Every amendment to this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the TIA as then in effect.

SECTION 9.05. <u>Revocation and Effect of Consents</u>.

Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective.

Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (a) through (g) of Section 9.03 in that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security.

SECTION 9.06. <u>Notation on or Exchange of Securities</u>.

If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee and the Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series that reflect the changed terms.

SECTION 9.07. <u>Trustee Protected</u>.

SECTION 9.08. <u>Effect of Supplemental Indenture</u>.

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and each such supplemental indenture shall form part of this Indenture for all purposes with respect to the relevant Series; and every Holder of Securities of the relevant Series theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

ARTICLE X

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 10.01. <u>Trust Indenture Act Controls</u>.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control.

SECTION 10.02. <u>Notices</u>.

Any notice or communication by the Company, the Trustee, the Paying Agent or the Registrar to another is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail:

if to the Company:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

if to the Trustee:

if to the Registrar or Paying Agent:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

with copy to:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

The Company, the Trustee and each Agent by notice to each other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by first-class mail to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders of that or any other Series.

If a notice or communication is mailed or published in the manner provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder receives it.

If the company mails a notice or communication to Securityholders, it will mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

Whenever a notice is required to be given by the Company, such notice may be given by the Trustee or Registrar on the Company's behalf (and the Company will make any notice it is required to give to Holders available on its website).

SECTION 10.03. <u>Communication by Holders with Other Holders</u>.

Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).

SECTION 10.04. <u>Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent</u>.

Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) an Officers' Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of counsel, all such conditions precedent (including any covenants, compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent) have been complied with.

SECTION 10.05. <u>Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion</u>.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(e) and shall include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

*provided, however*, that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officers' Certificate or certificates of public officials.

SECTION 10.06. <u>Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company (or, in the event deposits have been made pursuant to Section 11.02, the Trustee) may set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders entitled to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted under this Indenture, which record date shall not be more than [ ] days prior to the date of the commencement of solicitation of such action. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 9.05, if a record date is fixed, those persons who were Holders of Securities at the close of business on such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those persons, shall be entitled to take such action by vote or consent or to revoke any vote or consent previously given, whether or not such persons continue to be Holders after such record date.

SECTION 10.07. <u>Rules by Trustee and Agents</u>.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

SECTION 10.08. <u>Legal Holidays</u>.

Unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture for a particular Series, a "Legal Holiday" is any day that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

SECTION 10.09. <u>No Recourse Against Others</u>.

A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.

SECTION 10.10. <u>Counterparts</u>.

This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

SECTION 10.11. <u>Governing Laws and Submission to Jurisdiction</u>.

THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK EXCLUDING ANY RULE OF LAW THAT WOULD CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION OTHER THAN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

The Company agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Indenture may be instituted in any federal or state court sitting in New York City, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such court in any suit, action or proceeding. The Company, as long as any Securities remain outstanding or the parties hereto have any obligation under this Indenture, shall have an authorized agent in the United States upon whom process may be served in any such legal action or proceeding. Service of process upon such agent and written notice of such service mailed or delivered to it shall to the extent permitted by law be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon it in any such legal action or proceeding and, if it fails to maintain such agent, any such process or summons may be served by mailing a copy thereof by registered mail, or a form of mail substantially equivalent thereto, addressed to it at its address as provided for notices hereunder. The Company hereby appoints [ ], as its agent for such purposes, and covenants and agrees that service of process in any legal action or proceeding may be made upon it at such office of such agent.

SECTION 10.12. <u>No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements</u>.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

SECTION 10.13. <u>Successors</u>.

All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor.

SECTION 10.14. <u>Severability</u>.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 10.15. <u>**Table of Contents**, Headings, Etc</u>.

The **Table of Contents**, Cross Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

SECTION 10.16. <u>Securities in a Foreign Currency or in ECU</u>.

Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series or all Series affected by a particular action at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated in a coin or currency other than Dollars (including ECUs), then the principal amount of Securities of such Series which shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate at such time. For purposes of this Section 10.16, "Market Exchange Rate" shall mean the noon Dollar buying rate in New York City for cable transfers of that currency as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; provided, however, in the case of ECUs, Market Exchange Rate shall mean the rate of exchange determined by the Commission of the European Union (or any successor thereto) as published in the Official Journal of the European Union (such publication or any successor publication, the "Journal"). If such Market Exchange Rate is not available for any reason with respect to such currency, the Trustee shall use, without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or, in the case of ECUs, the rate of exchange as published in the Journal, as of the most recent available date, or quotations or, in the case of ECUs, rates of exchange from one or more major banks in The City of New York or in the country of issue of the currency in question or, in the case of ECUs, in Luxembourg or such other quotations or, in the case of ECUs, rates of exchange as the Trustee, upon consultation with the Company, shall deem appropriate. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

All decisions and determinations of the Trustee regarding the Market Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by law for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Company and all Holders.

SECTION 10.17. <u>Judgment Currency</u>.

The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest or other amount on the Securities of any Series (the "Required Currency") into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the "Judgment Currency"), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking Day, then, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable, and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, "New York Banking Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

SECTION 10.18. <u>Compliance with Applicable Anti-Terrorism and Money Laundering Regulations</u>.

In order to comply with the laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering ("Applicable Law"), the Trustee is required to obtain, verify and record certain information relating to individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Trustee. Accordingly, each of the parties agree to provide to the Trustee, upon its request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable the Trustee to comply with the Applicable Law.

ARTICLE XI

SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 11.01. <u>Applicability of Article</u>.

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series, except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this Indenture.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund payment" and any other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an "optional sinking fund payment." If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 11.02. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the securities of such Series.

SECTION 11.02. <u>Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</u>.

The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Registrar, together with an Officers' Certificate with respect thereto, not later than [ ] days prior to the date on which the Registrar begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Registrar at the price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.02, the principal amount of Securities of such Series to be redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $[ ], the Registrar need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Registrar of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to the cash payment required to be released to the Company.

SECTION 11.03. <u>Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</u>.

Not less than [ ] days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate in respect of a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee and the Paying Agent an Officers' Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series pursuant to Section 11.02., and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified. Not less than [ ] days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.03. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall stated in Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06.

[*The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank*]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

**PTL Limited** 

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

[ ]

as Trustee

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

[ ]

as Registrar and Paying Agent

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

## Exhibit 4.2

**Exhibit 4.2**

PTL LIMITED

FORM OF

SUBORDINATED INDENTURE

Dated as of [ ], 20[ ]

[ ]

Trustee

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | PAGE |
| ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.01. Definitions. | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.02. Other Definitions. | 3 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. | 3 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 1.04. Rules of Construction. | 4 |
| ARTICLE II THE SECURITIES | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.01. Issuable in Series. | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.02. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. | 4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.03. Execution and Authentication. | 5 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.04. Registrar and Paying Agent. | 6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.05. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. | 6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.06. Securityholder Lists. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.07. Transfer and Exchange. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.08. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. | 7 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.09. Outstanding Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.10. Treasury Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.11. Temporary Securities. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.12. Cancellation. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.13. Defaulted Interest. | 8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.14. Global Securities. | 9 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 2.15. CUSIP Numbers. | 10 |
| ARTICLE III REDEMPTION | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.01. Notice to Trustee. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.02. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.03. Notice of Redemption. | 10 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 3.06. Securities Redeemed in Part. | 11 |
| ARTICLE IV COVENANTS | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.01. Payment of Principal and Interest. | 11 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.02. SEC Reports. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.03. Compliance Certificate. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.04. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.05. Corporate Existence. | 12 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.06. Taxes. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.07. Additional Interest Notice. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 4.08. Further Instruments and Acts. | 13 |
| ARTICLE V SUCCESSORS | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 5.01. When Company May Merge, Etc. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 5.02. Successor Corporation Substituted. | 13 |
| ARTICLE VI DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.01. Events of Default. | 13 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. | 15 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. | 15 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.04. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.05. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.06. Application of Money Collected. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.07. Limitation on Suits. | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.08. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest. | 17 |

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i

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.09. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.12. Control by Holders. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. | 17 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 6.14. Undertaking for Costs. | 18 |
| ARTICLE VII TRUSTEE | 18 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee. | 18 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.04. Trustee's Disclaimer. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.05. Notice of Defaults. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holders. | 19 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity. | 20 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee. | 20 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger, etc. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. | 21 |
| ARTICLE VIII SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. | 21 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.02. Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification. | 22 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.03. Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series. | 22 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.04. Covenant Defeasance. | 23 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 8.05. Repayment to Company. | 24 |
| ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders. | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders. | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.03. Limitations. | 24 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.04. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.05. Revocation and Effect of Consents. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.06. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.07. Trustee Protected. | 25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 9.08. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. | 25 |
| ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls. | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.02. Notices. | 26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.03. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.06. Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.07. Rules by Trustee and Agents. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.08. Legal Holidays. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.09. No Recourse Against Others. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.10. Counterparts. | 27 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.11. Governing Laws and Submission to Jurisdiction. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.12. No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.13. Successors. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.14. Severability. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.15. **Table of Contents**, Headings, Etc. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.16. Securities in a Foreign Currency or in ECU. | 28 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.17. Judgment Currency. | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 10.18. Compliance with Applicable Anti-Terrorism and Money Laundering Regulations. | 29 |
| ARTICLE XI SINKING FUNDS | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.01. Applicability of Article. | 29 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.02. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. | 30 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SECTION 11.03. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. | 30 |

---

ii

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and Indenture,

Dated as of [ ], 20[ ]

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Section 310(a)(1) | 7.10 |
| (a)(2) | 7.10 |
| (a)(3) | Not Applicable |
| (a)(4) | Not Applicable |
| (a)(5) | 7.10 |
| (b) | 7.10 |
| (c) | Not Applicable |
| Section 311(a) | 7.11 |
| (b) | 7.11 |
| (c) | Not Applicable |
| Section 312(a) | 2.06 |
| (b) | 10.03 |
| (c) | 10.03 |
| Section 313(a) | 7.06 |
| (b)(1) | 7.06 |
| (b)(2) | 7.06 |
| (c)(1) | 7.06 |
| (d) | 7.06 |
| Section 314(a) | 4.02, 10.05 |
| (b) | Not Applicable |
| (c)(1) | 10.04 |
| (c)(2) | 10.04 |
| (c)(3) | Not Applicable |
| (d) | Not Applicable |
| (e) | 10.05 |
| (f) | Not Applicable |
| Section 315(a) | 7.01 |
| (b) | 7.05 |
| (c) | 7.01 |
| (d) | 7.01 |
| (e) | 6.14 |
| Section 316(a)(1)(A) | 6.12 |
| (a)(1)(B) | 6.13 |
| (a)(2) | Not Applicable |
| (b) | 6.13 |
| (c) | 10.06 |
| Section 317(a)(1) | 6.03 |
| (a)(2) | 6.04 |
| (b) | 2.05 |
| Section 318(a) | 10.01 |

---

Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture.

iii

Indenture dated as of [ ], 20[ ] between PTL LIMITED, a company organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the "Company") and [ ] (the "Trustee").

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities issued under this Indenture.

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

SECTION 1.01. <u>Definitions</u>.

"**Additional Amounts**" means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified therein and which are owing to such Holders.

"**Affiliate**" of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by agreement or otherwise.

"**Agent**" means any Registrar or Paying Agent.

"**Bankruptcy Law**" means Title 11 of the United States Code (or any successor thereto) or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

"**Board of Directors**" means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.

"**Board Resolution**" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the Trustee.

"**Business Day**" means any day other than a (x) Saturday, (y) Sunday or (z) day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

"**Capital Stock**" of any Person means any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity.

"**Certificated Securities**" means Securities in the form of physical, certificated Securities in registered form.

"**Company**" means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor.

"**Company Order**" means a written order signed in the name of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.

"**Company Request**" means a written request signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, a President or a Vice President, and by its Chief Financial Officer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

"**Corporate Trust Office**" means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered which office at the date of the execution of this Indenture is [ ], Attention: [ ], or at such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time.

"**Custodian**" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

"**Default**" or "default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

"**Default Rate**" means the default rate of interest specified in the Securities.

"**Depository**" means, with respect to the Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, the person designated as Depository for such Series by the Company, which Depository shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more than one such person, "Depository" as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Depository with respect to the Securities of such Series.

"**Discount Security**" means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

"**Dollars**" means the currency of The United States of America.

"**ECU**" means the European Currency Unit as determined by the Commission of the European Union.

"**Exchange Act**" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

"**Foreign Currency**" means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of The United States of America.

"**Foreign Government Obligations**" means with respect to Securities of any Series that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, (i) direct obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality of such government the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government, which, in either case under clauses (i) or (ii), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.

"**Global Security**" or "**Global Securities**" means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section 2.02 evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depository for such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depository or nominee.

"**Holder**" or "**Securityholder**" means a person in whose name a Security is registered.

"**Indenture**" means this Indenture as amended and supplemented from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder.

"**Interest**," in respect of the Securities, unless the context otherwise requires, refers to interest payable on the Securities, including any additional interest that may become payable pursuant to Section 6.02(b).

"**Maturity**," when used with respect to any Security or installment of principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

"**Officer**" means the Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice-President, the Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer or any Assistant Secretary of the Company.

"**Officers' Certificate**" means a certificate signed by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company's principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.

"**Opinion of Counsel**" means a written opinion of legal counsel who is, and which opinion is, acceptable to the Trustee and its counsel. Such legal counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee.

"**Person**" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

"**Principal**" or "**principal**" of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in respect of, the Security.

"**Responsible Officer**" means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, any vice president, managing director, director, associate, assistant vice president, or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.

"**SEC**" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

"**Security**" or "**Securities**" means the debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company of any Series authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

"**Series**" or "**Series of Securities**" means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.01 and 2.02 hereof.

"**Stated Maturity**" when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

"**Subordinated Indebtedness**" means any indebtedness which is expressly subordinated to the indebtedness evidenced by Securities.

"**Subsidiary**" means, in respect of any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.

"**TIA**" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code Sections 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, "TIA" means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.

"**Trustee**" means the person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.

"**U.S. Government Obligations**" means securities which are (i) direct obligations of The United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of The United States of America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by The United States of America, and which in the case of (i) and (ii) are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

SECTION 1.02. <u>Other Definitions</u>.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| TERM | DEFINED IN SECTION |
| "Applicable Law" | 10.18 |
| "Event of Default" | 6.01 |
| "Instrument" | 6.01 |
| "Journal" | 10.16 |
| "Judgment Currency" | 10.17 |
| "Legal Holiday" | 10.08 |
| "mandatory sinking fund payment" | 11.01 |
| "Market Exchange Rate" | 10.16 |
| "New York Banking Day" | 10.17 |
| "optional sinking fund payment" | 11.01 |
| "Paying Agent" | 2.04 |
| "Registrar" | 2.04 |
| "Required Currency" | 10.17 |
| "successor person" | 5.01 |
| "Temporary Securities" | 2.11 |

---

SECTION 1.03. <u>Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</u>.

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. This Indenture shall also include those provisions of the TIA required to be included herein by the provisions of the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

"**indenture securities**" means the Securities.

"**indenture security holder**" means a Securityholder.

"**indenture to be qualified**" means this Indenture.

"**indenture trustee**" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee.

"**obligor**" on the indenture securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities.

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined.

SECTION 1.04. <u>Rules of Construction</u>.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) references to "generally accepted accounting principles" shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in effect as of the time when and for the period as to which such accounting principles are to be applied;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) "or" is not exclusive;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) provisions apply to successive events and transactions;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) references to agreements and other instruments include subsequent amendments thereto;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) the term "merger" includes a statutory share exchange, and the term "merged" has a correlative meaning; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) "herein," "hereof" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

ARTICLE II

THE SECURITIES

SECTION 2.01. <u>Issuable in Series</u>.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.

SECTION 2.02. <u>Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities</u>.

At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection (a), and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections (b) through (t) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the title, designation, aggregate principal amount and authorized denominations of the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the price or prices, (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series is payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) any optional or mandatory sinking fund provisions or conversion or exchangeability provisions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed, purchased, converted or exchanged;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the date, if any, after which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the Series may be optionally redeemed or must be mandatorily redeemed and any other terms and provisions of optional or mandatory provisions;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be issuable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) if other than the full principal amount, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration pursuant to Section 6.02 or provable in bankruptcy;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.02;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, if other than the currency of the United States of America;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) if payments of principal of, premium or interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at the election of any Holder, in a currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, the election may be made;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) if payments of interest, if any, on the Securities of the Series will be payable, at the Company's election or at the election of any Holder, in cash or additional securities, and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(m) if denominated in a currency or currencies other than the currency of the United States of America, the equivalent price of the Securities of the Series in the currency of the United States of America for purposes of determining the voting rights of Holders of the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(n) if the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method based on a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the manner in which the amounts will be determined;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(o) any restrictive covenants or other material terms relating to the Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(p) whether the Securities of the Series will be issued in the form of global securities or certificates in registered form;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(q) any terms with respect to subordination;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(r) any listing on any securities exchange or quotation system;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(s) additional provisions, if any, related to defeasance and discharge of the offered debt securities; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(t) the applicability of any guarantees, which would be governed by New York law.

All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuance of additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental Indenture or Officers' Certificate.

SECTION 2.03. <u>Execution and Authentication</u>.

Two Officers shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.

A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.

The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent or agents, which oral instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02, except as provided in Section 2.08.

Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.02) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officers' Certificate complying with Section 10.04, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.04.

The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if a Responsible Officer of the Trustee in good faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate.

If any successor that has replaced the Company in accordance with Article 5 has executed an indenture supplemental hereto with the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.01, any of the Securities authenticated or delivered prior to such transaction may, from time to time, at the request of such successor, be exchanged for other Securities executed in the name of the such successor with such changes in phraseology and form as may be appropriate, but otherwise identical to the Securities surrendered for such exchange and of like principal amount; and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order of such successor, shall authenticate and deliver Securities as specified in such order for the purpose of such exchange. If Securities shall at any time be authenticated and delivered in any new name of such successor pursuant to this provision of Section 2.03 in exchange or substitution for or upon registration of transfer of any Securities, such successor, at the option of the Holders but without expense to them, shall provide for the exchange of all Securities then outstanding for Securities authenticated and delivered in such new name.

SECTION 2.04. <u>Registrar and Paying Agent</u>.

The Company shall maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities, at the place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.02, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment ("Paying Agent") and where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange ("Registrar"). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each Registrar and Paying Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar or Paying Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations and surrenders may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations and surrenders.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars or additional paying agents and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section 2.02 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar or additional paying agent. The term "Registrar" includes any co-registrar; and the term "Paying Agent" includes any additional paying agent.

The Company hereby appoints [ ] as the initial Registrar and Paying Agent for each Series unless another Registrar or Paying Agent as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued. Each Registrar and Paying Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights, protections, exculpations and indemnities afforded to the Trustee in connection with its roles as Registrar and Paying Agent.

SECTION 2.05. <u>Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust</u>.

The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent.

SECTION 2.06. <u>Securityholder Lists</u>.

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least [ ] days before each interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities.

SECTION 2.07. <u>Transfer and Exchange</u>.

Where Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar's request. Any exchange or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company or the Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge required by law; provided that this sentence shall not apply to any exchange pursuant to Section 2.11, 2.08, 3.06 or 9.06.

Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning at the opening of business [ ] days immediately preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part.

All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange. Any Registrar appointed pursuant to Section 2.04 shall provide to the Trustee such information as the Trustee may reasonably require in connection with the delivery by such Registrar of Securities upon transfer or exchange of Securities. Each Holder of a Security agrees to indemnify the Company and the Trustee against any liability that may result from the transfer, exchange or assignment of such Holder's Security in violation of any provision of this Indenture and/or applicable U.S. federal or state securities law.

SECTION 2.08. <u>Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</u>.

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Registrar, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Registrar (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Registrar that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

SECTION 2.09. <u>Outstanding Securities</u>.

The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.08, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser.

If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate holds the Security.

In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

SECTION 2.10. <u>Treasury Securities</u>.

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver Securities of a Series owned by the Company or an Affiliate shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded.

SECTION 2.11. <u>Temporary Securities</u>.

Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary securities upon a Company Order ("Temporary Securities"). Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon written request shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities.

SECTION 2.12. <u>Cancellation</u>.

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee or its agent any Securities surrendered to them for transfer, exchange, payment or conversion. The Trustee and no one else shall cancel, in accordance with its standard procedures, all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, conversion or cancellation and shall deliver the cancelled Securities to the Company. No Security shall be authenticated in exchange for any Security cancelled pursuant to this Section 2.12.

The Company may, to the extent permitted by law, purchase Securities in the open market or by tender offer at any price or by private agreement. Any Securities purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the final maturity of such Securities may, to the extent permitted by law, be reissued or resold or may, at the option of the Company, be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation. Any Securities surrendered for cancellation may not be reissued or resold and shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee, and the Company may not hold or resell such Securities or issue any new Securities to replace any such Securities.

SECTION 2.13. <u>Defaulted Interest</u>.

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of Securities, it shall pay defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest at the Default Rate, to the persons who are Security holders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least [ ] days before the record date, the Company shall mail to the Trustee and the Paying Agent and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.

SECTION 2.14. <u>Global Securities</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate shall establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depository for such Global Security or Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) (i) Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.07 of the Indenture and in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.07 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depository for such Security or its nominee only if (A) such Depository notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global Security or if at any time such Depository ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depository within 90 days of such event, (B) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (C) an Event of Default with respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have happened and be continuing.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) Except as provided in this Section 2.14(b), a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depository, by a nominee of such Depository to such Depository or another nominee of such Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be issued in definitive, fully registered form, without interest coupons, shall have an aggregate principal amount equal to that of such Global Security or portion thereof to be so exchanged, shall be registered in such names and be in such authorized denominations as the Depository shall designate and shall bear the applicable legends provided for herein. Any Global Security to be exchanged in whole shall be surrendered by the Depository to the Trustee, as Registrar. With regard to any Global Security to be exchanged in part, either such Global Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or, if the Registrar is acting as custodian for the Depository or its nominee with respect to such Global Security, the principal amount thereof shall be reduced by an amount equal to the portion thereof to be so exchanged, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Trustee. Upon any such surrender or adjustment, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Security issuable on such exchange to or upon the order of the Depository or an authorized representative thereof.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) The registered Holder may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any Person, including participants in the Depository and persons that may hold interests through participants in the Depository, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) In the event of the occurrence of any of the events specified in 2.14(b)(i), the Company will promptly make available to the Trustee a reasonable supply of Certificated Securities in definitive, fully registered form, without interest coupons. If (A) an event described in Section 2.14(b)(i)(A) or (B) occurs and definitive Certificated Securities are not issued promptly to all beneficial owners or (B) the Registrar receives from a beneficial owner instructions to obtain definitive Certificated Securities due to an event described in Section 2.14(b)(i)(C) and definitive Certificated Securities are not issued promptly to any such beneficial owner, the Company expressly acknowledges, with respect to the right of any Holder to pursue a remedy pursuant to Section 6.07 hereof, the right of any beneficial owner of Securities to pursue such remedy with respect to the portion of the Global Security that represents such beneficial owner's Securities as if such definitive certificated Securities had been issued.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(vi) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in this Indenture, so long as a Global Security remains outstanding and is held by or on behalf of the Depository, transfers of a Global Security, in whole or in part, or of any beneficial interest therein, shall only be made in accordance with Section 2.07, this Section 2.14(b) and the rules and procedures of the Depository for such Global Security to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

"This Security is a Global Security within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depository or a nominee of the Depository. This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository, by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository."

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The Depository, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.02, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof at their registered office.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) At all times the Securities are held in book-entry form with a Depository, (i) the Trustee may deal with such Depository as the authorized representative of the Holders, (ii) the rights of the Holders shall be exercised only through the Depository and shall be limited to those established by law and agreement between the Holders and the Depository and/or direct participants of the Depository, (iii) the Depository will make book-entry transfers among the direct participants of the Depository and will receive and transmit distributions of principal and interest on the Securities to such direct participants; and (iv) the direct participants of the Depository shall have no rights under this Indenture, or any supplement hereto, under or with respect to any of the Securities held on their behalf by the Depository, and the Depository may be treated by the Trustee and its agents, employees, officers and directors as the absolute owner of the Securities for all purposes whatsoever.

SECTION 2.15. <u>CUSIP Numbers</u>.

The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP", "ISIN" or other identification numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use "CUSIP", "ISIN" or such other identification numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.

ARTICLE III

REDEMPTION

SECTION 3.01. <u>Notice to Trustee</u>.

The Company may, with respect to any series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee and Registrar in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be redeemed. The Company shall give the notice at least [ ] days before the redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to the Trustee and Registrar).

SECTION 3.02. <u>Selection of Securities to be Redeemed</u>.

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers' Certificate, if less than all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Registrar shall select the Securities of the Series to be redeemed in accordance with its customary procedures. The Registrar shall make the selection from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption. The Registrar may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations larger than $1,000. Securities of the Series and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations pursuant to Section 2.02(g), the minimum principal denomination for each Series and integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities of that Series called for redemption.

SECTION 3.03. <u>Notice of Redemption</u>.

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate, at least [ ] days but not more than [ ] days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed.

The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the redemption date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the redemption price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) any other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series or the Securities of a Series being redeemed.

At the Company's written request, the Trustee shall distribute the notice of redemption prepared by the Company in the Company's name and at its expense.

SECTION 3.04. <u>Effect of Notice of Redemption</u>.

Once notice of redemption is mailed or published as provided in Section 3.03, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price. A notice of redemption may not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date.

SECTION 3.05. <u>Deposit of Redemption Price</u>.

On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.

SECTION 3.06. <u>Securities Redeemed in Part</u>.

Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the same maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.

ARTICLE IV<br>COVENANTS

SECTION 4.01. <u>Payment of Principal and Interest</u>.

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture.

Unless otherwise provided under the terms of a particular Series of Securities:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) an installment of principal or interest shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Paying Agent (other than the Company) holds by [ ] [a].m., New York City time, on that date money, deposited by the Company or an Affiliate thereof, sufficient to pay such installment. The Company shall (in immediately available funds), to the fullest extent permitted by law, pay interest on overdue principal and overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the Securities per annum; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) payment of the principal of and interest on the Securities shall be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in [ ] (which shall initially be [ ], the Paying Agent) in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; *provided, however*, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears in the register; *provided, further*, that a Holder with an aggregate principal amount in excess of $[ ] will be paid by wire transfer in immediately available funds at the election of such Holder if such Holder has provided wire transfer instructions to the Company at least [ ] Business Days prior to the payment date.

SECTION 4.02. <u>SEC Reports</u>.

So long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company shall (i) file with the SEC within the time periods prescribed by its rules and regulations and (ii) furnish to the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities within [ ] days after the date on which the Company would be required to file the same with the SEC pursuant to its rules and regulations (giving effect to any grace period provided by Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act), all quarterly and annual financial information required to be furnished or filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 and Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act and, with respect to the annual consolidated financial statements only, a report thereon by the Company's independent auditors. The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a).

Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates). The Company shall not be required to file any report or other information with the SEC if the SEC does not permit such filing, although such reports shall be furnished to the Trustee. Documents filed by the Company with the SEC via the SEC's EDGAR system (or any successor thereto) will be deemed furnished to the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities as of the time such documents are filed via EDGAR (or such successor).

SECTION 4.03. <u>Compliance Certificate</u>.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within [ ] days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an officers certificate signed by two of the Company's officers stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he may have knowledge in reasonable detail and the efforts to remedy the same). For purposes of this Section 4.03, compliance shall be determined without regard to any grace period or requirement of notice provided pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within [ ] days after the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officers' Certificate of any Event of Default described in Section 6.01(e), (f), (g) or (h) and any event of which it becomes aware that with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become such an Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. For the avoidance of doubt, a breach of a covenant under an Instrument that is not a payment default and that has not given rise to a right of acceleration under such Instrument shall not trigger the requirement to provide notice under this paragraph.

SECTION 4.04. <u>Stay, Extension and Usury Laws</u>.

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted.

SECTION 4.05. <u>Corporate Existence</u>.

Subject to Article V, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each Subsidiary in accordance with the respective organizational documents of each Subsidiary and the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Subsidiary, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders.

SECTION 4.06. <u>Taxes</u>.

The Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay prior to delinquency all taxes, assessments and governmental levies, except as contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings.

SECTION 4.07. <u>Additional Interest Notice</u>*.*

In the event that the Company is required to pay additional interest to Holders of Securities pursuant to Section 6.02(b) hereof, the Company shall provide a direction or order in the form of a written notice to the Trustee (and if the Trustee is not the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent) of the Company's obligation to pay such additional interest no later than [ ] Business Days prior to date on which any such additional interest is scheduled to be paid. Such notice shall set forth the amount of additional interest to be paid by the Company on such payment date and direct the Trustee (or, if the Trustee is not the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent) to make payment to the extent it receives funds from the Company to do so. The Trustee shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to determine whether additional interest is payable, or with respect to the nature, extent, or calculation of the amount of additional interest owed, or with respect to the method employed in such calculation of additional interest.

SECTION 4.08. <u>Further Instruments and Acts</u>.

The Company will execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of this Indenture.

ARTICLE V

SUCCESSORS

SECTION 5.01. <u>When Company May Merge, Etc</u>.

The Company shall not consolidate with, enter into a binding share exchange, or merge into any other Person in a transaction in which it is not the surviving entity, or sell, assign, convey, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person (a "successor person"), unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the successor person (if any) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands and expressly assumes by a supplemental indenture executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and any interest on, all Securities and the performance or observance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction, an Officers' Certificate to the foregoing effect and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture.

SECTION 5.02. <u>Successor Corporation Substituted</u>.

Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.01, the successor person formed by such consolidation or into or with which the Company is merged or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor person has been named as the Company herein; provided, however, that the predecessor company in the case of a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company shall not be released from the obligation to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities.

ARTICLE VI<br>DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

SECTION 6.01. <u>Events of Default</u>.

"Event of Default," wherever used herein with respect to securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to the expiration of such period of 30 days); or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) default in the payment of any principal of any Security of that Series at its Maturity; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due in respect of any Security of that Series; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Company fails to perform or comply with any of its other covenants or agreements contained in the Securities or in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement a default in whose performance or whose breach is specifically dealt with in clauses (a), (b) or (c) of this Section 6.01) and the default continues for 60 days after notice is given as specified below;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) any indebtedness under any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary or under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by, or any other payment obligation of, the Company or any Subsidiary (an "Instrument") with a principal amount then, individually or in the aggregate, outstanding in excess of $[ ], whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created, is not paid at Maturity or when otherwise due or is accelerated, and such indebtedness is not discharged, or such default in payment or acceleration is not cured or rescinded, within a period of 30 days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least [ ]% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default and requiring the Company to cause such indebtedness to be discharged or cause such default to be cured or waived or such acceleration to be rescinded or annulled and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder. A payment obligation (other than indebtedness under any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary or under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company or any Subsidiary) shall not be deemed to have matured, come due, or been accelerated to the extent that it is being disputed by the relevant obligor or obligors in good faith. For the avoidance of doubt, the Maturity of an Instrument is the Maturity as set forth in that Instrument, as it may be amended from time to time in accordance with the terms of that Instrument;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the Company or any Subsidiary fails to pay one or more final and non-appealable judgments entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction, the aggregate uninsured or unbonded portion of which is in excess of $[ ], if the judgments are not paid, discharged, waived or stayed within [ ] days;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) commences a voluntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) or generally is unable to pay its debts as the same become due; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) is for relief against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in an involuntary case or proceeding;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or any such Subsidiary; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;

and the case of each of clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for [ ] consecutive days; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.02(i).

A default under clause (d) above is not an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company, or the Holders of at least [ ]% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding notify the Company and the Trustee, in writing of the default, and the Company does not cure the default within 60 days after receipt of such notice. The notice given pursuant to this Section 6.01 must specify the default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice of Default." When any default under this Section 6.01 is cured, it ceases.

The Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless written notice thereof shall have been given to a Trust Officer at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee by the Company, a Paying Agent, any Holder or any agent of any Holder.

SECTION 6.02. <u>Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (g) or (h) of Section 6.01) occurs and is continuing with respect to any Securities of any Series, then in every such case, the Trustee may, by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that Series (or, if any Securities of that Series are Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) then outstanding may, by notice to the Company and the Trustee, declare all unpaid principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on to the date of acceleration, the Securities of that Series then outstanding (if not then due and payable) to be due and payable upon any such declaration, and the same shall become and be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (g) or (h) of Section 6.01 occurs, all unpaid principal of the Securities then outstanding, and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of acceleration, shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that Series then outstanding by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration of such Securities of that Series and its consequences if (a) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Securities which has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived; (b) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest (calculated at the Default Rate) on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal, which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, has been paid; (c) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction; and (d) all payments due to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 7.07 have been made. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereto.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Notwithstanding any of provision of this Article 6, at the election of the Company in its sole discretion, the sole remedy under this Indenture for an Event of Default relating to the failure to comply with Section 4.02, and for any failure to comply with the requirements of Section 314(a)(1) of the TIA, will consist, for the 180 days after the occurrence of such an Event of Default, exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the Securities at a rate equal to 0.50% per annum of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities then outstanding up to, but not including, the 181st day thereafter (or, if applicable, the earlier date on which the Event of Default relating to Section 4.02 is cured or waived). Any such additional interest will be payable in the same manner and on the same dates as the stated interest payable on the Securities. In no event shall additional interest accrue under the terms of this Indenture at a rate in excess of 0.50% per annum, in the aggregate, for any violation or default caused by the failure of the Company to be current in respect of its Exchange Act reporting obligations. If the Event of Default is continuing on the 181st day after an Event of Default relating to a failure to comply with Section 4.02, the Securities will be subject to acceleration as provided in this Section 6.02. The provisions of this Section 6.02(b) will not affect the rights of Holders in the event of the occurrence of any other Events of Default.

In order to elect to pay additional interest as the sole remedy during the first 180 days after the occurrence of an Event of Default relating to the failure to comply with Section 4.02 in accordance with the immediately preceding paragraph, the Company shall notify all Holders and the Trustee and Paying Agent of such election on or before the close of business on the fifth Business Day after the date on which such Event of Default otherwise would occur. Upon a failure by the Company to timely give such notice or pay additional interest, the Securities will be immediately subject to acceleration as otherwise provided in this Section 6.02.

SECTION 6.03. <u>Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</u>.

If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

If an Event of Default in the payment of principal, interest, if any, specified in clause (a) or (b) of Section 6.01 occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company or another obligor on the Securities for the whole amount of principal, and accrued interest remaining unpaid, if any, together with, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue principal, on overdue installments of interest, if any, in each case at the Default Rate, and such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

SECTION 6.04. <u>Trustee May File Proofs of Claim</u>.

In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07.

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

SECTION 6.05. <u>Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</u>.

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

SECTION 6.06. <u>Application of Money Collected</u>.

Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: and

*First*: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07;

*Second*: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and interest, respectively; and

*Third*: To the Company.

SECTION 6.07. <u>Limitation on Suits</u>.

No Holder of any Security of any Series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder (except actions for payment of overdue principal and interest), unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Holders of not less than [ ]% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Trustee for [ ] days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such [ ]-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.

SECTION 6.08. <u>Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest</u>.

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

SECTION 6.09. <u>Restoration of Rights and Remedies</u>.

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

SECTION 6.10. <u>Rights and Remedies Cumulative</u>.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.08, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

SECTION 6.11. <u>Delay or Omission Not Waiver</u>.

No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

SECTION 6.12. <u>Control by Holders</u>.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) subject to the provisions of Section 6.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability or would be unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Holder or the Trustee.

SECTION 6.13. <u>Waiver of Past Defaults</u>.

Subject to Section 9.02, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such Series waive any past Default hereunder with respect to such Series and its consequences, except a Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security of such Series (provided, however, that the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from such acceleration). Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 6.14. <u>Undertaking for Costs</u>.

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than [ ]% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date).

ARTICLE VII

TRUSTEE

SECTION 7.01. <u>Duties of Trustee</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no implied duties, covenants or obligations shall be deemed to be imposed upon the Trustee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officers' Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; however, in the case of any such Officers' Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officers' Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to determine whether or not they conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of Section 7.01 herein.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such Series.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it receives an indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk or expend its own funds or otherwise incur liability, financial or otherwise, in the performance of any of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk is not reasonably assured to it.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the same rights, indemnities, protections and immunities afforded to the Trustee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) The Trustee shall have no duty to monitor the performance or compliance of the Company with its obligations hereunder or any under supplement hereto, nor shall it have any liability in connection with the malfeasance or nonfeasance by the Company. The Trustee shall have no liability in connection with compliance by the Company with statutory or regulatory requirements related to this Indenture, any supplement or any Securities issued pursuant hereto or thereto.

SECTION 7.02. <u>Rights of Trustee</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely on and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting as a result of its reasonable belief that any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, direction, approval or other paper or document was genuine and had been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it sees fit.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers' Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers' Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of, or for the supervision of, any agent appointed with due care. No Depository shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depository.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by or pursuant to this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders of Securities, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

SECTION 7.03. <u>Individual Rights of Trustee</u>.

The Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

SECTION 7.04. <u>Trustee's Disclaimer</u>.

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities and the recitals contained herein and in the Securities shall be taken as statements of the Company and not of the Trustee, and the Trustee has no responsibility for such recitals. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the Company's use or application of the proceeds from the Securities or for monies paid over to the Company pursuant to this Indenture, and it shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its authentication.

SECTION 7.05. <u>Notice of Defaults</u>.

If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge or receives written notice of such event, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series, notice of a Default or Event of Default within [ ] days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, including any additional interest that may become payable pursuant to Section 6.02(b), the Trustee may withhold the notice so long as the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Securityholders of that Series.

SECTION 7.06. <u>Reports by Trustee to Holders</u>.

Within [ ] days after [ ] in each year, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register kept by the Registrar, a brief report dated as of such [ ], in accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA Section 313.

A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which the Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange.

SECTION 7.07. <u>Compensation and Indemnity</u>.

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation for its services as shall be agreed upon in writing. The Trustee's compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee's agents, counsel and other persons not regularly in its employ.

The Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Trustee and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents, from and against and reimburse the Trustee for any and all claims, expenses, obligations, liabilities, losses, damages, injuries (to person, property, or natural resources), penalties, stamp or other similar taxes, actions, suits, judgments, reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable attorney's and agent's fees and expenses) of whatever kind or nature regardless of their merit, demanded, asserted or claimed against the Trustee directly or indirectly relating to, or arising from, claims against the Trustee by reason of its participation in the transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation all reasonable costs required to be associated with claims for damages to persons or property, and reasonable attorneys' and consultants' fees and expenses and court costs except to the extent caused by the Trustee's negligence or willful misconduct. The provisions of this Section 7.07 shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee. The Company shall defend any claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.

The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith.

To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities of that Series.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(f) or (g) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.

SECTION 7.08. <u>Replacement of Trustee</u>.

A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee's acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section.

The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of one or more Series if:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.

If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within [ ] days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least [ ]% in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07, and subject to the payment of any and all amounts then due and owing to the retiring Trustee, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture. A successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to each Securityholder of each such Series. Notwithstanding replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Company's obligations under Section 7.07 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring trustee with respect to expenses and liabilities incurred by it prior to such replacement.

SECTION 7.09. <u>Successor Trustee by Merger, etc</u>.

If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee with the same effect as if the successor Trustee had been named as the Trustee herein.

SECTION 7.10. <u>Eligibility; Disqualification</u>.

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee shall always have a combined capital and surplus of at least $[ ] as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 310(b).

SECTION 7.11. <u>Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company</u>.

The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TTA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated.

ARTICLE VIII

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE

SECTION 8.01. <u>Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</u>.

This Indenture shall upon Company Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.01), and the Trustee, on the demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) either

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) have become due and payable, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within [ ], or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) are to be called for redemption within [ ] under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to section 8.03, as applicable; and the Company, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each meeting the applicable requirements of Sections 10.04 and 10.05 and each stating that all conditions precedent herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with and the Trustee receives written demand from the Company to discharge.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.07, and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.04, 2.07, 2.08, 8.01 8.02 and 8.05 shall survive.

SECTION 8.02. <u>Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.05, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.01, all money and U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.03 or 8.04 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.03 or 8.04, shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments as contemplated by Sections 8.03 or 8.04.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee and the Agents against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Sections 8.03 or 8.04 or the interest and principal received in respect of such obligations other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee shall, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, deliver or pay to the Company from time to time, upon Company Request and at the expense of the Company any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money held by it pursuant to this Indenture as provided in Sections 8.03 or 8.04 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants, expressed in a written certification thereof and delivered to the Trustee together with such Company Request, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations or money were deposited or received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held under this Indenture.

SECTION 8.03. <u>Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series</u>.

Unless this Section 8.03 is otherwise specified, pursuant to Section 2.02(s), to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of such Series on the [ ] day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (d) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the company, shall, at Company Request, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (d) hereof, (i) payment of the principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities of such Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the provisions of Sections 2.04, 2.07, 2.08, 2.14, 8.02, 8.03 and 8.05; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee hereunder; provided that, the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the Company shall have deposited or caused to be deposited irrevocably with the Paying Agent as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for and dedicated solely to the benefit of the Holders of such Securities in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Paying Agent), not later than [ ] day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee and the Paying Agent, to pay and discharge each installment of principal (including mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments) of and interest, if any, on all the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) no Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the [ ] day after such date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) such deposit shall not result in the trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended), or such trust shall be qualified under such Act or exempt from regulation thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with.

SECTION 8.04. <u>Covenant Defeasance</u>.

Unless this Section 8.04 is otherwise specified pursuant to Section 2.02(s) to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, on and after the [ ] day after the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (a) hereof, the Company may omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.02, 4.03, 4.04, 4.05, 4.06, and 5.01 as well as any additional covenants contained in a supplemental indenture hereto for a particular Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02(s) (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default under Section 6.01) and the occurrence of any event described in clause (e) of Section 6.01 shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) With reference to this Section 8.04, the Company has deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited (except as provided in Section 8.02(c)) with the Paying Agent as trust funds in trust, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities (i) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in Dollars, cash in Dollars (or such other money or currencies as shall then be legal tender in the United States) and/or U.S. Government Obligations, or (ii) in the case of Securities of such Series denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than a composite currency), money and/or Foreign Government Obligations, which through the payment of interest and principal in respect thereof, in accordance with their terms, will provide (and without reinvestment and assuming no tax liability will be imposed on such Paying Agent), not later than [ ] day before the due date of any payment of money, an amount in cash, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Paying Agent, to pay principal and interest, if any, on and any mandatory sinking fund in respect of the Securities of such Series on the dates such installments of interest or principal are due;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or during the period ending on the [ ] day after such date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) the company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel confirming that Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating the deposit was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the defeasance contemplated by this Section have been complied with.

SECTION 8.05. <u>Repayment to Company</u>.

The Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by them for the payment of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates another person and all liability of the Paying Agent with respect to that money shall cease.

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

SECTION 9.01. <u>Without Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) to comply with Article V;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of Securities of any Series as permitted by this Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) to comply with requirements of the TIA and any rules promulgated under the TIA; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) to add to the covenants of the Company for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders or to surrender any right, power or option conferred upon the Company.

Any amendment or supplement made solely to conform the provisions of this Indenture or the Securities of any Series to the description thereof contained in the final prospectus relating to such Series will be deemed not to adversely affect the rights of any Holder.

SECTION 9.02. <u>With Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company and the Trustee may enter into a supplemental indenture with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by such supplemental indenture, taken together as one class (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series), for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Securityholders of each such Series. Except as provided in Section 6.13, the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by such waiver by notice to the Trustee, taken together as one class (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities of such Series) may waive compliance by the Company with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities with respect to such Series.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After a supplemental indenture or waiver under this section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to the Holders of Securities affected thereby a notice briefly describing the supplemental indenture or waiver. Any failure by the Company to mail or publish such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or waiver.

SECTION 9.03. <u>Limitations</u>.

Without the consent of each Securityholder affected, an amendment or waiver may not:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) change the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver, except to increase any such amount or to provide that certain provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified, amended or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected thereby;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) reduce the amount of interest, or change the interest payment time, on any Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) waive a redemption payment or alter the redemption provisions (other than any alteration that would not materially adversely affect the legal rights of any Holder under this Indenture) or the price at which the Company is required to offer to purchase the Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) reduce the principal or change the Stated Maturity of any Security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) reduce the principal amount payable of any Security upon Maturity;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on any Security (except a rescission of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) change the place or currency of payment of principal of or interest, if any, on any Security other than that stated in the Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal or, or interest on, the Securities of such Holder on or after the due dates therefor;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on, or with respect to, any Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) make any change in Sections 10.15 or 10.16;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) change the ranking of the Securities; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) make any other change which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate as a limitation under this Section.

For the avoidance of doubt, any amendment or waiver shall always be subject to the consent of the Company.

SECTION 9.04. <u>Compliance with Trust Indenture Act</u>.

Every amendment to this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the TIA as then in effect.

SECTION 9.05. <u>Revocation and Effect of Consents</u>.

Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective.

Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (a) through (g) of Section 9.03 in that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security.

SECTION 9.06. <u>Notation on or Exchange of Securities</u>.

If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee and the Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series that reflect the changed terms.

SECTION 9.07. <u>Trustee Protected</u>.

SECTION 9.08. <u>Effect of Supplemental Indenture</u>.

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and each such supplemental indenture shall form part of this Indenture for all purposes with respect to the relevant Series; and every Holder of Securities of the relevant Series theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

ARTICLE X

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 10.01. <u>Trust Indenture Act Controls</u>.

If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required or deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control.

SECTION 10.02. <u>Notices</u>.

Any notice or communication by the Company, the Trustee, the Paying Agent or the Registrar to another is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail:

if to the Company:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

if to the Trustee:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

if to the Registrar or Paying Agent:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

with copy to:

[ ]

Attn: [ ]

Fax: [ ]

The Company, the Trustee and each Agent by notice to each other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by first-class mail to his address shown on the register kept by the Registrar. Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders of that or any other Series.

If a notice or communication is mailed or published in the manner provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder receives it.

If the company mails a notice or communication to Securityholders, it will mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time.

Whenever a notice is required to be given by the Company, such notice may be given by the Trustee or Registrar on the Company's behalf (and the Company will make any notice it is required to give to Holders available on its website).

SECTION 10.03. <u>Communication by Holders with Other Holders</u>.

Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).

SECTION 10.04. <u>Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent</u>.

Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) an Officers' Certificate stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of counsel, all such conditions precedent (including any covenants, compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent) have been complied with.

SECTION 10.05. <u>Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion</u>.

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(e) and shall include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

*provided, however*, that with respect to matters of fact an Opinion of Counsel may rely on an Officers' Certificate or certificates of public officials.

SECTION 10.06. <u>Record Date for Vote or Consent of Holders</u>.

The Company (or, in the event deposits have been made pursuant to Section 11.02, the Trustee) may set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders entitled to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted under this Indenture, which record date shall not be more than [ ] days prior to the date of the commencement of solicitation of such action. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 9.05, if a record date is fixed, those persons who were Holders of Securities at the close of business on such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those persons, shall be entitled to take such action by vote or consent or to revoke any vote or consent previously given, whether or not such persons continue to be Holders after such record date.

SECTION 10.07. <u>Rules by Trustee and Agents</u>.

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions.

SECTION 10.08. <u>Legal Holidays</u>.

Unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture for a particular Series, a "Legal Holiday" is any day that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.

SECTION 10.09. <u>No Recourse Against Others</u>.

A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.

SECTION 10.10. <u>Counterparts</u>.

This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.

SECTION 10.11. <u>Governing Laws and Submission to Jurisdiction</u>.

THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK EXCLUDING ANY RULE OF LAW THAT WOULD CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION OTHER THAN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

The Company agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Indenture may be instituted in any federal or state court sitting in New York City, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such court in any suit, action or proceeding. The Company, as long as any Securities remain outstanding or the parties hereto have any obligation under this Indenture, shall have an authorized agent in the United States upon whom process may be served in any such legal action or proceeding. Service of process upon such agent and written notice of such service mailed or delivered to it shall to the extent permitted by law be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon it in any such legal action or proceeding and, if it fails to maintain such agent, any such process or summons may be served by mailing a copy thereof by registered mail, or a form of mail substantially equivalent thereto, addressed to it at its address as provided for notices hereunder. The Company hereby appoints [ ], as its agent for such purposes, and covenants and agrees that service of process in any legal action or proceeding may be made upon it at such office of such agent.

SECTION 10.12. <u>No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements</u>.

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

SECTION 10.13. <u>Successors</u>.

All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successor.

SECTION 10.14. <u>Severability</u>.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 10.15. <u>**Table of Contents**, Headings, Etc</u>.

The **Table of Contents**, Cross Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

SECTION 10.16. <u>Securities in a Foreign Currency or in ECU</u>.

Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers' Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02 of this Indenture with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series or all Series affected by a particular action at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated in a coin or currency other than Dollars (including ECUs), then the principal amount of Securities of such Series which shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate at such time. For purposes of this Section 10.16, "Market Exchange Rate" shall mean the noon Dollar buying rate in New York City for cable transfers of that currency as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; provided, however, in the case of ECUs, Market Exchange Rate shall mean the rate of exchange determined by the Commission of the European Union (or any successor thereto) as published in the Official Journal of the European Union (such publication or any successor publication, the "Journal"). If such Market Exchange Rate is not available for any reason with respect to such currency, the Trustee shall use, without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or, in the case of ECUs, the rate of exchange as published in the Journal, as of the most recent available date, or quotations or, in the case of ECUs, rates of exchange from one or more major banks in The City of New York or in the country of issue of the currency in question or, in the case of ECUs, in Luxembourg or such other quotations or, in the case of ECUs, rates of exchange as the Trustee, upon consultation with the Company, shall deem appropriate. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.

All decisions and determinations of the Trustee regarding the Market Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by law for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Company and all Holders.

SECTION 10.17. <u>Judgment Currency</u>.

The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of or interest or other amount on the Securities of any Series (the "Required Currency") into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the "Judgment Currency"), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a New York Banking Day, then, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable, and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, "New York Banking Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

SECTION 10.18. <u>Compliance with Applicable Anti-Terrorism and Money Laundering Regulations</u>.

In order to comply with the laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions, including those relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering ("Applicable Law"), the Trustee is required to obtain, verify and record certain information relating to individuals and entities which maintain a business relationship with the Trustee. Accordingly, each of the parties agree to provide to the Trustee, upon its request from time to time such identifying information and documentation as may be available for such party in order to enable the Trustee to comply with the Applicable Law.

ARTICLE XI

SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 11.01. <u>Applicability of Article</u>.

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of the Securities of a Series, except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this Indenture.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund payment" and any other amount provided for by the terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an "optional sinking fund payment." If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 11.02. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the securities of such Series.

SECTION 11.02. <u>Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</u>.

The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable and which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Registrar, together with an Officers' Certificate with respect thereto, not later than [ ] days prior to the date on which the Registrar begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Registrar at the price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.02, the principal amount of Securities of such Series to be redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $[ ], the Registrar need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such action be taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Registrar of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to the cash payment required to be released to the Company.

SECTION 11.03. <u>Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</u>.

Not less than [ ] days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers' Certificate in respect of a particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee and the Paying Agent an Officers' Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series pursuant to Section 11.02., and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified. Not less than [ ] days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.03. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall stated in Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06.

[*The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank*]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

**PTL LIMITED**

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

[ ]

as Trustee

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

[ ]

as Registrar and Paying Agent

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

By:   <br> Name: <br> Its:

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

![](ex5-1_001.jpg)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **PTL Limited** | **D +852 3656 6054** |
|  | **E nathan.powell@ogier.com** |
|  | Reference: NMP/JTC/512238.00002 |

---

November 10, 2025

Dear Sirs

**PTL Limited (the Company)**

We have acted as British Virgin Islands legal counsel to the Company in connection with the Company's registration statement on Form F-3, including all amendments or supplements thereto (the **Registration Statement**), to be filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the **Commission**) under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the **Securities Act**). The Registration Statement relates to the offering and sale from time to time (the **Offering**), as set forth in the Registration Statement and the form of prospectus contained therein (the **Prospectus**) of the following securities (collectively, the **Securities**):

(a) class A ordinary shares of no par value each (the **Class A Ordinary Shares**);

(b) share purchase contracts including contracts obligating holders to purchase from the Company, and obligating
the Company to sell to the holders, a specified number of Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities registered under the Registration
Statement at a future date or dates (the **Share Purchase Contracts**), which may be issued separately or as part of units consisting
of a Share Purchase Contract and other Securities registered under the Registration Statement (the **Share Purchase Units**);

(c) warrants to purchase the Class A Ordinary Shares, Debt Securities (as defined below) or any combination
thereof (the **Warrants**), which may be issued independently or together with the Class A Ordinary Shares and other Securities registered
under the Registration Statement pursuant to an applicable warrant agreement (the **Warrant Agreement**) and the warrant certificate
(the **Warrant Certificate**, and together with the Warrant Agreement, the **Warrant Documents**) to be entered into by the Company
and any warrant agent;

(d) debt securities to be issued (the **Debt Securities**) pursuant to the applicable indenture to be entered
into by the Company (the **Indenture**);

(e) rights to purchase the Class A Ordinary Shares (the **Rights**) pursuant to a rights agent agreement
(the **Rights Agreement**) and the rights certificate (the **Rights Certificate**, and together with the Rights Agreement, the **Rights Documents**) to be entered into among the Company and any rights agent; and/or

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Ogier**<br> Providing advice on British Virgin Islands, <br> Cayman Islands and Guernsey laws<br>Floor 11 Central Tower<br> 28 Queen's Road Central<br> Central<br> Hong Kong<br>T +852 3656 6000<br> F +852 3656 6001<br> **ogier.com** | **Partners**<br> Nicholas Plowman<br> Nathan Powell<br> Anthony Oakes<br> Oliver Payne<br> Kate Hodson<br> David Nelson<br> Justin Davis<br> Joanne Collett<br> Dennis Li | Cecilia Li<br> Yuki Yan<br> David Lin<br> Alan Wong<br> Rachel Huang\*\*<br> Florence Chan\*<sup>‡</sup><br> Richard Bennett\*\*<sup>‡</sup><br> James Bergstrom<sup>‡</sup><br>| \* admitted in New Zealand<br> \*\* admitted in England and Wales<br> <sup>‡</sup> not ordinarily resident in Hong Kong |

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Page **2** of **12**

(f) units comprising any combination of the foregoing Securities (the **Units**) pursuant to a unit agreement
(the **Unit Agreement**) and the unit certificate (the **Unit Certificate**, and together with the Unit Agreement, the **Unit Documents**)
to be entered into between the Company and any unit agent.

The Share Purchase Contracts, the Share Purchase Units, the Warrant Documents, the Indenture, the Rights Documents and the Unit Documents are collectively referred to as the **Issuance Documents**.

We have been advised that the Securities may be issued and sold or delivered from time to time as set forth in the Registration Statement, any amendment thereto and the Prospectus contained therein and that this opinion is required to be furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. No opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or related applicable Prospectus other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Securities.

We are furnishing this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 and Exhibit 23.2 to the Registration Statement.

Unless a contrary intention appears, all capitalised terms used in this opinion have the respective meanings set forth in the Documents (as defined below). The headings herein are for convenience only and do not affect the construction of this opinion.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **1** | **Documents examined** |

---

For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined originals, copies, or drafts of the following documents (the **Documents**):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) the constitutional documents and public records of the Company obtained from the Registry of Corporate
Affairs in the British Virgin Islands (the **Registrar**) on 6 November 2025 (the **Company Registry Records**), including:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) a copy of the certificate of incorporation of the Company dated 29 December 2023,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) a copy of the memorandum and articles of association of the Company filed with the Registrar of Corporate
Affairs in the British Virgin Islands (the **Registrar**) on 29 December 2023;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) a copy of the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company filed with the
Registrar on 11 July 2024; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) a copy of the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company filed with the
Registrar on 18 June 2025 (the **Memorandum and Articles**);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) the public information revealed from a search of the electronic records of the Civil Division and the
Commercial Division of the Registry of the High Court and of the Court of Appeal (Virgin Islands) Register, each from 1 January 2000,
as maintained on the Judicial Enforcement Management System (the **High Court Database**) by the Registry of the High Court of the
Virgin Islands on 6 November 2025 (the **Court Records**, together with the Company Registry Records, the **Public Records**);

Page **3** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) a copy of the certificate of incumbency in respect of the Company dated
7 April 2025 (the **Certificate of Incumbency**) issued by the registered agent of the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) a copy of the register of directors of the Company provided to us on 6 November 2025 (the **ROD**);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) copies of the listed shareholder lists of the Company provided to us on 6 November 2025 (the **ROM**,
and together with the ROD, the **Registers**);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) a copy of the written resolutions of all of the directors of the Company dated 7 November 2025 approving
among others, the Company's filing of the Registration Statement, the Offering and the issuance of the Securities (the **Board Resolutions**);
and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Registration Statement.

2 Assumptions

In giving this opinion we have relied upon the assumptions set forth in this paragraph 2 without having carried out any independent investigation or verification in respect of those assumptions:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) all original documents examined by us are authentic and complete;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) all copy documents examined by us (whether in facsimile, electronic or other form) conform to the originals
and those originals are authentic and complete;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) all signatures, seals, dates, stamps and markings (whether on original or copy documents) are genuine;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) each of the Certificate of Incumbency and the Registers is accurate and complete as at the date of this
opinion;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) all copies of the Registration Statement are true and correct copies and the Registration Statement conform
in every material respect to the latest drafts of the same produced to us and, where the Registration Statement has been provided to us
in successive drafts marked-up to indicate changes to such documents, all such changes have been so indicated;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the Company has complied with, or will comply with when due, its obligations to file (unless the Company
is within one of the statutory exceptions to the obligations to file) a financial return, its register of directors, its register of members
and its beneficial ownership information pursuant to the BVI Business Companies Act (Revised) (the **BCA**);

Page **4** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) the Board Resolutions remain in full force and effect and have not been, and will not be, rescinded or
amended, and each of the directors of the Company has acted in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and has exercised
the standard of care, diligence and skill that is required of him in approving the Offering and the transactions set out in the Board
Resolutions, and no director has a financial interest in or other relationship to a party of the transactions contemplated by the Offering
and the Board Resolutions which has not been properly disclosed in the Board Resolutions;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) all parties other than the Company have the capacity, power and authority to enter into and perform their
obligations under all documents entered into by such parties in connection with the issuance of the Securities, and the due execution
and delivery thereof by each party thereto have been duly authorised;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Issuance Documents, the Debt Securities issuable under the Indenture, the Warrants issuable under
the Warrant Documents, the Rights issuable under the Rights Documents and the Units issuable under the Unit Documents have been, or will
be, authorised and duly executed and unconditionally delivered by an authorised person for and on behalf of all relevant parties (including
the Board (as defined below)) in accordance with all relevant laws;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) the Issuance Documents, the Debt Securities issuable under the Indenture, the Warrants issuable under
the Warrant Documents, the Rights issuable under the Rights Documents and the Units issuable under the Unit Documents are, or will be,
legal, valid, binding and enforceable against all relevant parties in accordance with their terms under the laws of the State of New York
and all other relevant laws(the **Relevant Law**) (other than, with respect to the Company, the laws of the British Virgin Islands);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) the choice of the Relevant Law as the governing law of the Issuance Documents, the Debt Securities issuable
under the Indenture, Warrants issuable under the Warrant Documents, the Rights issuable under the Rights Documents and the Units issuable
under the Unit Documents has been made in good faith and would be regarded as a valid and binding selection which will be upheld by the
courts of the State of New York and any other relevant jurisdiction (other than the British Virgin Islands) as a matter of the Relevant
Law and all other relevant laws (other than the laws of the British Virgin Islands)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) no invitation has been or will be made by or on behalf of the Company to the public in the British Virgin
Islands to subscribe for any Securities and none of the Securities have been offered or issued to residents of the British Virgin Islands;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(m) all necessary corporate action will be taken to authorize and approve any issuance of Securities and the
terms of the offering of such Securities thereof and any other related matters and that the applicable definitive purchase, Indenture,
Warrant Documents, Rights Documents, Unit Documents, underwriting or similar agreement will be duly approved, executed and delivered by
or on behalf of the Company and all other parties thereto;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(n) the Company is, and after the issuance of any Securities will be able to pay its liabilities as they fall
due and the value of assets of the Company will not be less than the sum of the total liabilities of the Company;

Page **5** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(o) the information and each of the documents disclosed by the Public Records was and is accurate, up-to-date
and remains unchanged as at the date hereof and there is no information or document which has been delivered for registration, or which
is required by the laws of the British Virgin Islands to be delivered for registration, which was not included and available for inspection
in the Public Records;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(p) there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than the British Virgin Islands, which would
have any implication in relation to the opinions expressed herein; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(q) the Company is not a land owning company for the purposes of Section 242 of the BCA meaning that neither
it nor any of its subsidiaries has an interest in any land in the British Virgin Islands.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| 3 | Opinions |

---

On the basis of the examinations and assumptions referred to above and subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in paragraph 4 below, we are of the opinion that:

**Corporate status**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Company is a company duly incorporated with limited liability under the BCA on 29 December 2023 and
is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands.

**Maximum Number of Shares Authorised to Issue**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Based solely on the Memorandum and Articles, the Company is authorised to issue (i) unlimited Class A
Ordinary Shares with no par value each; and (ii) unlimited Class B Ordinary Shares with no par value each.

**Corporate authorisation** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Company has taken all requisite corporate action to authorise the issuance and sale of the Securities
under the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

**Class A Ordinary Shares**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) With respect to the Class A Ordinary Shares, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the board of directors of the Company (the **Board**) has taken all necessary corporate actions to
approve the issuance and allotment of the Class A Ordinary Shares, the terms of the offering of the Class A Ordinary Shares and any other
related matters;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) the provisions of the memorandum and articles of association of the Company then in effect, the Registration
Statement and any relevant prospectus supplement, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by
the Board have been satisfied and payment of the consideration specified therein has been made; and

Page **6** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) valid entry has been made in the register of members of the Company reflecting such issuance of Class
A Ordinary Shares as fully paid shares and the subscription price of such Class A Ordinary Shares has been fully paid in cash or other
consideration approved by the Board,

the Class A Ordinary Shares will be recognised as having been duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

**Share Purchase Contracts**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) With respect to the Share Purchase Contracts to be issued, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Share Purchase Contracts and to approve the execution and issue thereof, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) the Share Purchase Contracts have been duly executed on behalf of the Company, countersigned and delivered
against due payment therefor pursuant to, and in accordance with, the terms of the Registration Statement and any relevant prospectus
supplement,

the Share Purchase Contracts will have been duly executed, issued and delivered and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

**Share Purchase Units**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) With respect to the Share Purchase Units to be issued, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Share Purchase Units and to approve the issue of the Share Purchase Contracts and other Securities which are components thereof, the
terms of the offering thereof and related matters;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) a Share Purchase Units Agreement relating to the Share Purchase Units shall have been duly authorised
and validly executed and unconditionally delivered by the Company and the unit agent designated thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the Share Purchase Units (including the Share Purchase Units Certificates) and any Share Purchase Contracts
and other Securities which are components of the Share Purchase Units have been duly executed, countersigned, authenticated, issued, registered
and delivered (in each case, as and when applicable), in accordance with the provisions of (A) the applicable Share Purchase Units (including
the Share Purchase Units Certificates), (B) the applicable Share Purchase Contracts, (C) other applicable Securities which are components
of the Share Purchase Units and (D) the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Board upon payment
of the consideration therefor provided therein, and the terms of the Registration Statement and any relevant prospectus supplement,

the Share Purchase Units will be duly authorised and validly issued and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

Page **7** of **12**

**Warrants**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) With respect to the Warrants to be issued, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Warrants and to approve the issue thereof, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) a Warrant Agreement relating to the Warrants shall have been duly authorised and validly executed and
unconditionally delivered by the Company and the warrant agent designated thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the Warrant Certificates have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered in accordance
with the applicable Warrant Agreement relating to the Warrants and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement
approved by the Board upon payment of the consideration therefor provided therein, and the terms of the Registration Statement and any
relevant prospectus supplement,

the Warrants will be duly authorised and validly issued and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

**Debt Securities**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) With respect to the Debt Securities to be issued, when

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Debt Securities and to approve the issue thereof, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) an Indenture relating to the Debt Securities shall have been duly authorised and validly executed and
unconditionally delivered by the Company and all the relevant parties thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the Debt Securities issued thereunder have been duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Company and
authenticated in the manner set forth in the applicable Indenture relating to such issue of Debt Securities and delivered against due
payment therefor pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of the Registration Statement and any relevant prospectus supplement,

the Debt Securities issued pursuant to the applicable Indenture will have been duly executed, issued and delivered and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

**Rights**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) With respect to the Rights to be issued, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Rights and to approve the issue thereof, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters;

Page **8** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) a Rights Agreement relating to the Rights shall have been duly authorised and validly executed and unconditionally
delivered by the Company and the rights agent designated thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the Rights Certificates have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered in accordance
with the applicable Rights Agreement relating to the Rights and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement
approved by the Board upon payment of the consideration therefor provided therein, and the terms of the Registration Statement and any
relevant prospectus supplement,

the Rights will be duly authorised and validly issued and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

**Units**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) With respect to each issue of Units, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Board has taken all necessary corporate actions to authorise and approve the creation and terms of
the Units and to approve the issue of the Securities which are components thereof, the terms of the offering thereof and related matters;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) a Unit Agreement relating to the Units shall have been duly authorised and validly executed and unconditionally
delivered by the Company and the unit agent designated thereunder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the Units (including the Unit Certificates) and any Securities which are components of the Units shall
have been duly executed, countersigned, authenticated, issued, registered and delivered (in each case, as and when applicable), in accordance
with the provisions of (A) the applicable Unit Documents relating to the Units, (B) the applicable Warrant Documents relating to any Warrants
which are components of the Units, (C) the applicable Rights Documents relating to any Rights which are components of the Units and (D)
the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement approved by the Board upon payment of the consideration therefor
provided therein, and the terms of the Registration Statement and any relevant prospectus supplement,

the Units will be duly authorised and validly issued and will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company.

Page **9** of **12**

**Taxation**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) No taxes, stamp duties, other duties, fees or charges are payable (by assessment, withholding, deduction
or otherwise) to the government of the British Virgin Islands in respect of the Offering.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) There is no withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, succession
tax or gift tax in the British Virgin Islands and any dividends, interest, rents, royalties, compensations and other amounts paid by the
Company are exempt from any taxation in the British Virgin Islands imposed under the British Virgin Islands Income Tax Ordinance (Cap
206). In particular, section 242 of the BCA provides the Company with a statutory exemption from all forms of taxation in the British
Virgin Islands.

4 Limitations and Qualifications

4.1 We offer no opinion:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) as to any laws other than the laws of the British Virgin Islands, and we have not, for the purposes of
this opinion, made any investigation of the laws of any other jurisdiction, and we express no opinion as to the meaning, validity, or
effect of references in the Documents to statutes, rules, regulations, codes or judicial authority of any jurisdiction other than the
British Virgin Islands; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) except to the extent that this opinion expressly provides otherwise, as to the commercial terms of, or
the validity, enforceability or effect of the Registration Statement, the accuracy of representations, the fulfilment of warranties or
conditions, the occurrence of events of default or terminating events or the existence of any conflicts or inconsistencies among the Registration
Statement and any other agreements into which the Company may have entered or any other documents.

4.2 Under the BCA an annual fee must be paid in respect of the Company to the Registry of Corporate Affairs.
Failure to pay the annual fees by the relevant due date will render the Company liable to a penalty fee in addition to the amount of the
outstanding fees. If the license fee and/or any penalty fee remains unpaid from the due date, the Company will be liable to be struck
off and dissolved from the Register of Companies in the British Virgin Islands.

Under the BCA, a copy of the Company's register of directors which is complete must be filed by the Company at the Registry of Corporate Affairs. Failure to make this filing will render the Company liable to a penalty fee and if the filing is not made within the requisite time period or any penalty fee remains unpaid from the due date, the Company will be liable to be struck off and dissolved from the Register of Companies.

Under the BCA, an annual financial return, in the prescribed form, must be filed by the Company with its registered agent in respect of each year for which one is due within the timeframe prescribed by the BCA for that year (unless the Company is within one of the statutory exceptions to the obligation to file). Failure to make this filing when due will render the Company liable to a penalty fee and where the Company is liable to the maximum penalty and has not filed its annual return, the Company will be liable to be struck off and dissolved from the Register of Companies.

Page **10** of **12**

Under the BCA, unless the Company is within one of the statutory exceptions to the obligation to file and is compliant with any conditions for the relevant exception(s) to apply, a copy of the Company's register of members which is complete and certain prescribed beneficial ownership information for the Company must be filed by the Company at the Registry of Corporate Affairs. Failure to make these filings will render the Company liable to penalty fees and if the filings are not made within the requisite time period or any penalty fee remains unpaid from the due date, the Company will be liable to be struck off and dissolved from the Register of Companies.

For the purposes of this opinion "in good standing" means only that as of the date of this opinion it appears from our searches of the Public Records and on the basis of certain of the assumptions made in paragraph 2 being correct the Company is in good standing. We have made no enquiries into the Company's good standing with respect to any other filings or payment of fees, or both, that it may be required to make under the laws of the British Virgin Islands other than the BCA. We have made no enquiries into whether the copy of the register of directors, the copy of the register of members or the Company's beneficial ownership information filed at the Registry of Corporate Affairs matches the details set out on the Certificate of Incumbency or whether the annual return filed by the Company with its registered agent is in the prescribed form as required pursuant to the BCA.

4.3 The Public Records and our searches thereof may not reveal the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) in the case of the Company Registry Records, details of matters which have not been lodged for registration
or have been lodged for registration but not actually registered at the time of our search or notifications made to the Registrar of Corporate
Affairs by its registered agent of any failure by any Company to file its register of directors, register of members, beneficial ownership
information and/or annual return as required and within the time frame prescribed by the BCA;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) in the case of the Court Records, details of proceedings which have been filed but not actually entered
in the High Court Database at the time of our search;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) whether an application for the appointment of a liquidator or a receiver has been presented to the High
Court of the British Virgin Islands or whether a liquidator or a receiver has been appointed out of court, or whether any out of court
dissolution, reconstruction or reorganisation of the Company has been commenced; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) any originating process (including an application to appoint a liquidator) in respect of the Company in
circumstances where the High Court of the British Virgin Islands has prior to the issuance of such process ordered that such process upon
issuance be anonymised (whether on a temporary basis or otherwise),

and the following points should also be noted:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) the Court Records reflect the information accessible remotely on the High Court Database, we have not
conducted a separate search of the underlying Civil Cause Book (the **Civil Cause Book**) or the Commercial Cause Book (the **Commercial Cause Book**) at the Registry of the High Court of the British Virgin Islands. Although the High Court Database should reflect the content
of the Civil Cause Book and the Commercial Cause Book, neither the High Court Database nor the Civil Cause Book or Commercial Cause Book
is updated every day, and for that reason neither facility can be relied upon to reveal whether or not a particular entity is a party
to litigation in the British Virgin Islands;

Page **11** of **12**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) the High Court Database is not updated if third parties or noticed parties are added to or removed from
the proceedings after their commencement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) while it is a requirement under Section 118 of the Insolvency Act that notice of the appointment of a
receiver be registered with the Registry of Corporate Affairs, however, it should be noted that failure to file a notice of appointment
of a receiver does not invalidate the receivership but gives rise to penalties on the part of the receiver.

5 Governing law of this opinion

5.1 This opinion is:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, the laws of the British Virgin Islands;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) limited to the matters expressly stated in it; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) confined to, and given on the basis of, the laws and practice in the British Virgin Islands at the date
of this opinion.

5.2 Unless otherwise indicated, a reference to any specific British Virgin Islands legislation is a reference
to that legislation as amended to, and as in force at, the date of this opinion.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| 6 | Reliance |

---

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm under the headings "*Enforceability of Liabilities*" and "*Legal Matters*" of the Registration Statement.

This opinion may be used only in connection with the offer and sale of the Securities and while the Registration Statement is effective.

Page **12** of **12**

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| |
|:---|
| Yours faithfully |
| ![](ex5-1_002.jpg) |
| **Ogier** |

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## Exhibit 5.2

**Exhibit 5.2**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Ortoli \| Rosenstadt** **LLP** | 366 Madison Avenue<br> 3rd Floor<br> New York, NY 10017<br> Tel: (212) 588-0022<br> Fax: (212) 826-9307 |

---

November 10, 2025

**PTL LIMITED**

**21 Bukit Batok Crescent**

**#24-71, WCEGA Tower**

**Singapore 658065**

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We are acting as United States counsel to PTL LIMITED, a company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands (the "Company"), in connection with the registration statement on Form F-3 (the "Registration Statement"), including all amendments and supplements thereto, and accompanying prospectus filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), with respect to the offering by the Company of up to an aggregate of $100,000,000 of securities which may include (i) Class A ordinary shares with no par value of the Company ("Class A Ordinary Shares"); (ii) share purchase contracts ("Share Purchase Contracts"); (iii) units consisting of a share purchase contract and other securities registered under the Registration Statement ("Share Purchase Units"); (iv) warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares ("Warrants"), which may be issued under one or more warrant agreements, to be dated on or about the date of the issuance of the Warrants, in forms to be filed and incorporated by reference as exhibits to the Registration Statement (the "Warrant Agreement"); (v) debt securities ("Debt Securities"), which may be issued pursuant to an indenture to be dated on or about the date of the first issuance of Debt Securities thereunder, by and between a trustee to be selected by the Company (the "Trustee") and the Company, in the form filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement, Exhibit 4.2 to the Registration Statement and one or more indentures supplemental thereto with respect to any particular series of Debt Securities (the "Indenture"); (vi) rights to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares ("Rights"), which may be issued under one or more rights agreements, to be dated on or about the date of the issuance of the Rights, in the forms to be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the Registration Statement (the "Rights Agreement"); and (vii) units, which may consist of any combination of one or more of the Ordinary Shares, Debt Securities and Warrants in one or more series (the "Units"), which may be issued under one or more unit agreements, to be dated on or about the date of the issuance of the Units, in the forms to be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the Registration Statement (the "Unit Agreement"). The Class A Ordinary Shares, the Share Purchase Contracts, the Share Purchase Units, the Warrants, the Debt Securities, and the Rights that may be registered pursuant to any registration statement that the Company may hereafter file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act in connection with an offering by the Company pursuant to the Registration Statement, are collectively referred to herein as the "Securities." The Securities are being registered for offer and sale from time to time pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.

We have examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of: (i) the Registration Statement; (ii) the prospectus of the Company (the "Prospectus") included in the Registration Statement; (iii) the form of senior indenture to be entered into by the Company (the "Senior Indenture", filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement), (iv) the form of subordinated indenture to be entered into by the Company (the "Subordinated Indenture", filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registration Statement), (v) the opinion of Ogier, dated November 10, 2025 (filed as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement), (vi) each document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, and (vii) such corporate documents and records of the Company and such other instruments, certificates and documents as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinions hereinafter expressed. In such examinations, we have assumed the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies or drafts of documents to be executed, the genuineness of all signatures and the legal competence or capacity of persons or entities to complete the execution of documents. As to various questions of fact which are material to the opinions hereinafter expressed, we have relied upon statements or certificates of public officials, directors of the Company and others.

We have also assumed, without independent investigation, that (i) the Indenture will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties to them in substantially the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and will be duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, (ii) each of the Warrants, Warrant Agreements, Indentures, Debt Securities, Share Purchase Contracts, Rights Agreements, Unit Agreements and any other agreement entered into, or officer's certificates or board resolutions delivered, in connection with the issuance of Share Purchase Contracts, Share Purchase Units, Warrants, Debt Securities, Rights or Units will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties to such agreements (such agreements and documents, together with the Indenture and other agreements necessary for the issuance of such securities, are referred to collectively as the "Operative Agreements"), (iii) each Operative Agreement, when so authorized, executed and delivered, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the parties thereto (other than the Company), (iv) each Operative Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of New York, (v) in the case of Rights consisting at least in part of debt obligations of third parties, such debt obligations at all relevant times constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof enforceable against the issuers thereof in accordance with their terms, (vi) the Company is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization, (vii) the Company has all corporate power and authority to execute and deliver, and perform its obligations under, the Operative Agreements, (viii) the execution, delivery and performance of the Operative Agreements by the Company does not violate any organizational documents of the Company or the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation and (ix) the execution, delivery and performance of the Operative Agreements and issuance of any securities that form part of the Operative Agreements do not conflict with or constitute a breach of the terms of any agreement or instrument to which the Company is subject or violate applicable law or contravene any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company.

With respect to the Share Purchase Rights, the Share Purchase Units, the Warrants, the Debt Securities, the Rights and the Units (the "Securities") of a particular series or issuance, we have assumed that (i) the issuance, sale, number or amount, as the case may be, and terms of such Securities to be offered from time to time will be duly authorized and established, in accordance with the organizational documents of the Company, the laws of the State of New York and the Company's jurisdiction of incorporation and any applicable Operative Agreement, (ii) such Securities will be duly authorized, executed, issued and delivered by the Company, and duly authenticated or delivered by the applicable trustee or agent, in each case, against payment by the purchaser at the agreed-upon consideration, and (iii) such Securities will be issued and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement and the applicable prospectus supplement.

**Ortoli \| Rosenstadt** **LLP**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**PTL LIMITED** | **November 10, 2025** |

---

Subject to the foregoing and the qualifications set forth in the Registration Statement, we are of the opinion that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. The Share Purchase Contracts, when the Share Purchase Contracts have been specifically authorized for issuance by all requisite corporate power and have been duly executed and delivered by the Company as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement in accordance with the applicable underwriting or other purchase agreement against payment therefor, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. The Share Purchase Units, when (i) the Share Purchase Units and the underlying Securities therein have been specifically authorized for issuance by all requisite corporate power, (ii) the applicable Share Purchase Contracts relating to the Share Purchase Units have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, (iii) the Share Purchase Units have been duly executed by the Company and countersigned in accordance with the applicable Share Purchase Contract and issued and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement in accordance with the applicable Share Purchase Contract against payment therefor, and (iv) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Share Purchase Contract, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. The Warrants, when (i) the applicable Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company; (ii) the terms of the Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the applicable Warrant Agreement and as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement(s), so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company; and (iii) the Warrants have been duly executed and delivered by the Company pursuant to the applicable Warrant Agreement and delivered against payment therefor, then the Warrants, when issued and sold in accordance with the applicable Warrant Agreement and a duly authorized, executed and delivered purchase, underwriting or similar agreement or the settlement of any Units in accordance with their terms, will be binding obligations of the Company, except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. The Debt Securities, when (i) the Debt Securities have been specifically authorized for issuance all requisite corporate power, (ii) the applicable Indentures relating to the Debt Securities have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, , (iii) the Debt Securities have been duly executed by the Company and countersigned in accordance with the applicable Indentures and Authorizing Resolutions and issued and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement in accordance with the applicable underwriting or other purchase agreement against payment therefor, and (iv) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the applicable underwriting agreement or other purchase agreement, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5. The Rights, when (i) the applicable Rights Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all requisite corporate power; (ii) the terms of the Rights and of their issuance and sale have been duly established as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement(s), so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company, and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company; (iii) the Rights have been duly executed and delivered by the Company pursuant to the applicable Rights Agreement; and (iv) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Authorizing Resolutions and the applicable Rights Agreement, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6. The Units, when (i) the applicable Unit Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by all requisite corporate power; (ii) the terms of the Units and of their issuance and sale have been duly established as described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement(s), so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company, and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company; (iii) the Units, including as to any Securities that are components of such Units, have been duly executed and delivered by the Company pursuant to the applicable Unit Agreement; and (iv) the Company has received the consideration provided for in the Authorizing Resolutions and the applicable Unit Agreement, will be valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

The foregoing opinion is subject, in each case, to applicable insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws affecting generally the enforceability of creditors' rights from time to time in effect and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, including application of principles of good faith, fair dealing, commercial reasonableness, materiality, unconscionability and conflict with public policy and other similar principles.

Our opinion is limited to the application of the laws of the State of New York, and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability of federal laws, the laws of other countries, the laws of any other state of the United States or any other jurisdiction, or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any other local agencies within any state. No opinion is expressed as to any federal securities laws. Our opinion represents only our interpretation of the law and has no binding, legal effect on, without limitation, any court. It is possible that contrary positions may be asserted and that one or more courts may sustain such contrary positions. Our opinion is expressed as of the date hereof, and we are under no obligation to supplement or revise this opinion to reflect any changes, including changes which have retroactive effect (i) in applicable law, or (ii) in any fact, information, document, corporate record, covenant, statement, representation, or assumption stated herein that becomes untrue, incorrect or incomplete.

This letter is furnished to you for use in connection with the Registration Statement and is not to be used, circulated, quoted, or otherwise referred to for any other purpose without our express written permission. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name in the Registration Statement wherever it appears. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.

---

| |
|:---|
| Very truly yours, |
| */s/ Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP* |
| Ortoli Rosenstadt LLP |

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## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | **J&S ASSOCIATE PLT** |  |
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | 202206000037 (LLP0033395-LCA) & AF002380 |  |
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | (Registered with PCAOB and MIA) | Tel: +603-4813 9469 |
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | B-11-14, Megan Avenue II | Email : info@jns-associate.com |
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | 12,Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Website : jns-associate.com |

---

**CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM**

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form F-3 of our report dated May 15, 2025 relating to the consolidated financial statements appearing in the Annual Report on Form 20-F of PTL Limited for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.

We were dismissed as auditor on October 27, 2025 and, accordingly, we have not performed any audit or review procedures with respect to any financial statements appearing in such Registration Statement for the periods after December 31, 2024.

/s/ J&S Associate PLT

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

November 10, 2025

## Exhibit 23.4

**Exhibit 23.4**

![](ex23-4_001.jpg)

Unit A, 12th Floor, China Overseas Building 139 Hennessy Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong Tel : +852 2950 7800 Fax : +852 2950 7811 香港灣仔軒尼詩道139號 中國海外大廈12樓A室 電話 : +852 2950 7800 傳真 : +852 2950 7811

Date: November 10, 2025

**PTL Limited**<br> 21 Bukit Batok Crescent<br> #24-71, WCEGA Tower<br> Singapore 658065

**<u>Attn: the Board of Directors</u>**

Dear Sirs,

**<u>Re: Consent Letter on PTL Limited (the "Company")</u>**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. We are the legal advisers to the Company as to the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
of the People's Republic of China in connection with the Company's registration statement on Form F-3, including all amendments
or supplements thereto (the "**Registration Statement** "), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission
under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) (the "**Securities Act** "), and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder.

**<u>Consent</u>**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. We hereby consent to the reference to our name in such Registration Statement. In giving such consent,
we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act, as
amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Yours faithfully

 

*/s/ David Fong & Co.*

**David Fong & Co.**

PARTNERS CONSULTANT SOLICITORS : :: DAVID L.K. FONG 方良佳律師，TIMOTHY C.K. KWAN 關智傑律師，HERMES H.C. SHIN 單浩銓律師 MATTHEW H.C. WONG 黃漢柱律師 BRUNO C.H. CHAN 陳震雄律師， PAMELA K.Y. NG 吳家宜律師

## Exhibit 23.5

**Exhibit 23.5**

![](ex23-5_001.jpg)

CHINA COMMERCIAL LAW FIRM

Exchange: +86 755 8302 55555

Fax: +86 755 8302 5058 P.C/518048

https://www.huashanglawyer.com

Address: 21-26/F, Hong Kong China Travel Service Building, No.4011, Shennan Boulevard, Futian District, Shenzhen, P.R.C

Date: November 10, 2025

**PTL LIMITED**

21 Bukit Batok Crescent #24-71, WCEGA Tower Singapore

**<u>Attn: the Board of Directors</u>**

Dear Sirs,

**<u>Re: Consent on PTL LIMITED (the "Company")</u>**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. We are qualified lawyers of the People's Republic of
China (the "PRC",for the purpose of this consent, the PRC excludes the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macau
Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan). We are acting as the PRC counsel to the Company in connection with the Company (the Company
and its subsidiaries or any of them, or where the context so requires, in respect of the period before the Company becoming the holding
company of its present subsidiaries, such subsidiaries as if they were subsidiaries of the Company at the relevant time or the businesses
which have since been acquired or carried on by them or, as the case may be, their predecessors) in connection with (a) the proposed
public offering of ordinary shares of the Company as set forth in the Company's registration statement on Form F-3, including all
amendments or supplements thereto (the "Registration Statement"), filed by the Company with the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission in relation to the Offering, and (b) the proposed listing and trading of the Company's ordinary shares
on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations, in connection to certain legal matters related to the law and
regulations of PRC.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. We hereby consent to the use of this letter in, and the filing
hereof as an exhibit to, the Registration Statement, and to the reference to our name in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent,
we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Yours faithfully

*/s/ China Commercial Law Firm*

China Commercial Law Firm

*/s/ Hongxuan XIAO*

Ms. Hongxuan Xiao, Partner

On behalf of China Commercial Law Firm

## Ex-Filing

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? Filing Fee Exhibit

**Ex-Filing Fees**

**CALCULATION OF FILING FEE TABLES**

**F-3**

**PTL Ltd**

**Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities**

---

| | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Line Item Type** | **Security Type** | **Security Class Title** | **Notes** | **Fee Calculation<br> Rule** | **Amount Registered** | **Proposed Maximum Offering<br> Price Per Unit** | **Maximum Aggregate Offering Price** | **Fee Rate** | **Amount of Registration Fee** |
| *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* | *Newly Registered Securities* |
| Fees to be Paid | Equity | Class A Ordinary Shares, with no par value per share |  | Other | 0 | $0.00 | $0.00 | 0.0001381 | $0.00 |
| Fees to be Paid | Debt | Debt Securities |  | Other | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.0001381 | 0.00 |
| Fees to be Paid | Other | Warrants |  | Other | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.0001381 | 0.00 |
| Fees to be Paid | Other | Rights |  | Other | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.0001381 | 0.00 |
| Fees to be Paid | Other | Units |  | Other | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.0001381 | 0.00 |
| Fees to be Paid | Unallocated (Universal) Shelf |  | (1) | 457(o) |  | $— | $100000000.00 | 0.0001381 | $13810.00 |
| Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | $100000000.00 |  | 13810.00 |
| Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: | Total Fees Previously Paid: |  |  | 0.00 |
| Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: | Total Fee Offsets: |  |  | 0.00 |
| Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: | Net Fee Due: |  |  | $13810.00 |

---

**__________________________________________ Offering Note(s)**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) The registrant is registering an indeterminate number of securities for offer and sale from time to time at indeterminate prices, which shall have an aggregate offering price not to exceed $100,000,000. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement shall be deemed to cover any additional number of securities that may be issued from time to time to prevent dilution as a result of a distribution, split, combination, or similar transaction. Securities registered hereunder may be sold separately, or together with other securities registered hereunder. Includes consideration to be received by the registrant, if applicable, for registered securities that are issuable upon exercise, conversion, or exchange of other registered securities. The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per class of security will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to Instructions to the Calculation of Filing Fee Tables and Related Disclosure (2)(A)(iii)(b) of Form F-3 under the Securities Act. Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.