# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001819411
**File Stem:** 0001104659-25-118118
**Filing Date:** 2025-12
**Character Count:** 24276
**Document Hash:** 240b455b1640009849965ae1ec9c8cce
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001104659-25-118118.hdr.sgml**: 20251203

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001104659-25-118118

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: S-8

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 15

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20251203

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20251203

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20251203

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Gain Therapeutics, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001819411
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 851726310
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** S-8
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-291910
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251546408

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 4800 HAMPDEN LANE
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 200
- **CITY:** BETHESDA
- **STATE:** MD
- **ZIP:** 20814
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** (301) 500-1556

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 4800 HAMPDEN LANE
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 200
- **CITY:** BETHESDA
- **STATE:** MD
- **ZIP:** 20814

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 2025**

**Registration No. 333-**

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM S-8**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933**

**Gain Therapeutics, Inc.**

**(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **85-1726310** |
| **(State or other jurisdiction of**<br> **incorporation or organization)**<br>**4800 Montgomery Lane**<br> **Suite 220**<br> **Bethesda, Maryland** | **(I.R.S. Employer**<br> **Identification No.)**<br>**20814** |
| **(Address of Principal Executive Offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

---

**<u>Gain Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan</u>**

**(Full title of the plan)**

**Gene Mack**

 **Chief Executive Officer**

**Gain Therapeutics, Inc.**

**4800 Montgomery Lane**

**Suite 220**

**<u>Bethesda, Maryland 20814</u>**

**(Name and address of agent for service)**

**<u>Tel: (301) 500-1556</u>**

**(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)**

***Please send copies of all communications to:***

**Steven M. Skolnick, Esq.**

**Lowenstein Sandler LLP**

**1251 Avenue of the Americas**

**New York, New York 10020**

**Tel: (212) 262-6700**

**Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.**

Large accelerated filer ◻ Accelerated filer ◻ <br> Non-accelerated filer ⌧ Smaller reporting company ⌧ <br> Emerging growth company ⌧

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ◻

**EXPLANATORY NOTE**

Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, Gain Therapeutics, Inc. (the "***Registrant***") is filing this Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the "***S-8 Registration Statement***") with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "***Commission***") to register 1,627,955 additional shares ("***Evergreen Shares***") of the Registrant's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("***Common Stock***"), reserved for issuance under the Gain Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the "***2022 Plan***"), pursuant to the provisions of the 2022 Plan providing for an automatic annual increase by an amount equal to 6% of the total number of Common Stock shares outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year. In accordance with the instructional note to Part I of Form S-8 as promulgated by the Commission, the information specified by Part I of the Form S-8 has been omitted from this S-8 Registration Statement.

This S-8 Registration Statement is being filed for the purpose of increasing the number of securities of the same class as other securities for which Registration Statements of the Registrant on Form S-8 relating to the same benefit plan is effective. The Registrant previously registered Common Stock for issuance under the 2022 Plan under Registration Statements on [Form S-8, filed with the Commission on July 15, 2022 (File No. 333-266142)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_s8.htm),<u> </u>[May 30, 2023 (File No. 333-272255)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465923065567/tm2317005d1_s8.htm) and [September 19, 2024 (File No. 333-282205)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465924101079/tm2424164d1_s8.htm). Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this S-8 Registration Statement hereby incorporates by reference the contents of the Registration Statements referenced above.

**Part II**

**INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.**

The following documents, which have been filed by the Registrant with the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "***Exchange Act***"), are incorporated herein by reference:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;· [The Registrant's latest annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Commission on March 27, 2025 <u>;</u>](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000155837025003823/ganx-20241231x10k.htm)

· [The portions of the Registrant's definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on April 29, 2025 <u>;</u>](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000155837025005829/ganx-20250624xdef14a.htm)

· The Registrant's
 quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2025, June 30, 2025, and September 30, 2025, filed on [May 14, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000155837025007747/ganx-20250331x10q.htm) , [August 12, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000155837025011220/ganx-20250630x10q.htm) and [November 12, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925110347/ganx-20250930x10q.htm) ;

· The Registrant's
 Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on [January 7, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925001711/tm252048d1_8k.htm) , [January 15, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925003801/tm253348d1_8k.htm) , [April 10, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925033797/tm2512000d1_8k.htm) , [June 24, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925062162/tm2518700d1_8k.htm) , [June 30, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925064145/tm2518735d3_8k.htm) , [July 17, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925068530/tm2521066d1_8k.htm) , [October 6, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925097153/tm2528094d1_8k.htm) , [October 9, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925098376/tm2528203d1_8k.htm) , and [November 28, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925116947/tm2530369d4_8k.htm) ;

· The description of the
 securities contained in the Registrant's Registration Statement on [Form 8-A (Registration No. 001-40237) filed with the Commission on March 17, 2021](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000114036121008904/nt10015006x14_8a12b.htm) , under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any amendments or reports filed
 for the purpose of updating such description, including [Exhibit 4.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000155837025003823/ganx-20241231xex4d1.htm) to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K
 for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the Commission on March 27, 2025.

All documents filed by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the filing of this Registration Statement and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment, which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing such documents, except as to specific sections of such documents as set forth therein; provided, however, that documents or information deemed to have been furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained in any subsequently filed document, which also is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes such statement.

**Item 8.** **Exhibits.**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit No.** | **Exhibit Description** |
| [3.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000114036121009490/nt10015006x18_ex3-1.htm) | [Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Gain Therapeutics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 (File No. 001-40237) on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 22, 2021).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000114036121009490/nt10015006x18_ex3-1.htm) |
| [3.2](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925062162/tm2518700d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Gain Therapeutics, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 24, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 (File No. 001-40237) on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 24, 2025).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465925062162/tm2518700d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [3.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000114036121009490/nt10015006x18_ex3-2.htm) | [Amended and Restated Bylaws of Gain Therapeutics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 on Form 8-K (File No. 001-40237) filed with the Commission on March 22, 2021).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000114036121009490/nt10015006x18_ex3-2.htm) |
| [5.1\*](tm2532477d1_5-1.htm) | [Opinion of Lowenstein Sandler LLP.](tm2532477d1_5-1.htm) |
| [10.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-6.htm) | [Gain Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-266142), filed with the Commission on July 15, 2022).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-6.htm) |
| [10.2](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-8.htm) | [Form of 2022 Equity Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-266142), filed with the Commission on July 15, 2022).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-8.htm) |
| [10.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-7.htm) | [Form of 2022 Equity Incentive Plan Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-266142), filed with the Commission on July 15, 2022).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1819411/000110465922079980/tm2220780d1_ex4-7.htm) |
| [23.1\*](tm2532477d1_23-1.htm) | [Consent of Ernst & Young AG.](tm2532477d1_23-1.htm) |
| [23.2\*](tm2532477d1_5-1.htm) | [Consent of Lowenstein Sandler LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).](tm2532477d1_5-1.htm) |
| [24.1\*](#a_001) | [Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Registration Statement).](#a_001) |
| [107\*](tm2532477d1_ex-filingfees.htm) | [Filing Fee Table.](tm2532477d1_ex-filingfees.htm) |

---

\* Filed herewith.

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Bethesda, State of Maryland, on December 3, 2025.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **GAIN THERAPEUTICS, INC.** | **GAIN THERAPEUTICS, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Gene Mack |
|  | Gene Mack |
|  | Chief Executive Officer |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Gene Mack as attorney-in-fact with full power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to do any and all acts and all things and to execute any and all instruments which said attorneys and agents, or either of them, may deem necessary or desirable to enable the registrant to comply with the Securities Act of 1933, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, in connection with the registration of ordinary shares of the registrant under this registration statement, including, without limitation, the power and authority to sign the name of each of the undersigned in the capacities indicated below to this registration statement, to any and all amendments or supplements to this registration statement and to any and all instruments or documents filed as part of or in connection with this registration statement or any and all amendments thereto; and each of the undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms all that such attorneys and agents, or either of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement on Form S-8 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Signature** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ Gene Mack | Chief Executive Officer and Director | December 3, 2025 |
| Gene Mack | *(Principal Executive Officer)* |  |
| /s/ Gianluca Fuggetta | Senior Vice President Finance | December 3, 2025 |
| Gianluca Fuggetta | (*Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer*) |  |
| /s/ Khalid Islam<br> Khalid Islam | Chairman of the Board of Directors | December 3, 2025 |
| /s/ Khalid Islam<br> Khalid Islam |  |  |
| /s/ Dov Goldstein<br> Dov Goldstein | Director | December 3, 2025 |
| /s/ Dov Goldstein<br> Dov Goldstein |  |  |
| /s/ Hans Peter Hasler<br> Hans Peter Hasler | Director | December 3, 2025 |
| /s/ Hans Peter Hasler<br> Hans Peter Hasler |  |  |
| /s/ Gwen Melincoff<br> Gwen Melincoff | Director | December 3, 2025 |
| /s/ Gwen Melincoff<br> Gwen Melincoff |  |  |
| /s/ Claude Nicaise<br> Claude Nicaise | Director | December 3, 2025 |
| /s/ Claude Nicaise<br> Claude Nicaise |  |  |
| /s**/** Jeffrey Riley | Director | December 3, 2025 |
| Jeffrey Riley |  |  |

---

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

![](tm2532477d1_ex5-1img001.jpg)

December 3, 2025

Gain Therapeutics, Inc.

4800 Montgomery Lane, Suite 220

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

**Re: <u>Registration Statement on Form S-8</u>**

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Gain Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "<u>Company</u>"), in connection with the Company's filing on the date hereof with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "<u>SEC</u>") of a Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the "<u>Registration Statement</u>") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "<u>Securities Act</u>"). The Registration Statement relates to the registration of an additional 1,627,955 shares (the "<u>Shares</u>") of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "<u>Common Stock</u>"), issuable pursuant to the Gain Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the "<u>2022 Plan</u>").

In connection with rendering this opinion, we have examined the 2022 Plan and such corporate records, certificates and other documents and such questions of law as we have considered necessary and appropriate for the purposes of this opinion. In such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity of original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. As to any facts material to our opinion, we have, when relevant facts were not independently established, relied upon the Registration Statement and the aforesaid records, certificates and documents.

We assume that the Company has sufficient unissued and unreserved shares of Common Stock and (or will validly amend its certificate of incorporation, to authorize a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock prior to the issuance thereof) available for issuance as provided in the Registration Statement and any related amendment thereto or prospectus supplement.

Based on the foregoing, and subject to the qualifications stated herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, upon issuance and delivery as contemplated by the 2022 Plan, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable outstanding shares of Common Stock.

The opinion expressed herein is limited to the corporate laws of the State of Delaware, as in effect on the date hereof, and we express no opinion as to the effect on the matters covered by this letter of the laws of any other jurisdiction. We assume no obligation to advise you of facts or circumstances that come to our attention or changes in law that occur which could affect the opinions contained herein.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the references to this firm in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

---

| |
|:---|
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ Lowenstein Sandler LLP |
| Lowenstein Sandler LLP |

---

## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8) pertaining to the Gain Therapeutics, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan of Gain Therapeutics, Inc. of our report dated March 27, 2025, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Gain Therapeutics, Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

/s/ Ernst & Young AG

Lugano, Switzerland

December 3, 2025

## Ex-Filing

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? EX-FILING FEES

---

| |
|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **S-8**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Gain Therapeutics, Inc.**  |

---

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Security Type**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Security Class Title**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Fee Calculation Rule**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Amount Registered**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Maximum Aggregate Offering Price**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Fee Rate**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Amount of Registration Fee**  |
| 1 | Equity | Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share | Other | 1627955 | $2.83 | $4607112.65 | 0.0001381 | $636.24 |
| Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: |  | $4607112.65  |  | $636.24  |
| Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  |  |  |  | $0.00  |
| Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  |  |  |  | $636.24  |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Offering Note** <br>

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <sup>1</sup> Calculated solely for purposes of this offering under Rules 457(c) and 457(h) of the Securities Act on the basis of the average of the high and low prices per share of Registrant's Common Stock on November 25, 2025 as reported by The Nasdaq Global Market. Covers 1,627,955 shares of the Registrant's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("Common Stock"), made available on January 1, 2025, pursuant to the Registrant's 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") automatic annual increase provision, which allows for an increase equal to 6% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the prior year. Pursuant to Rule 416 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this registration statement shall also be deemed to cover any additional shares of Common Stock that may from time to time be offered or issued under the Plan to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions that increases the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| | |
| **Rule 457(p)** | **Rule 457(p)** |
| Fee Offset Claims | N/A |
| Fee Offset Sources | N/A |

---