# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001889823
**File Stem:** 0001062993-25-014232
**Filing Date:** 2025-8
**Character Count:** 177230
**Document Hash:** 92cc7a088572dc8e31e07c31bca67aba
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001062993-25-014232.hdr.sgml**: 20250813

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001062993-25-014232

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 6-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 10

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20250630

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20250813

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20250813

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** DEFSEC Technologies Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001889823
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 06 Technology
- **EIN:** 000000000
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** A1
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 0930

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 6-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-41566
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251209015

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **ADDRESS IS A NON US LOCATION:** YES
- **STREET 1:** 155 TERENCE MATTHEWS CRESCENT, UNIT #1
- **CITY:** KANATA
- **PROVINCE COUNTRY:** A6
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 613-319-0537

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **ADDRESS IS A NON US LOCATION:** YES
- **STREET 1:** 155 TERENCE MATTHEWS CRESCENT, UNIT #1
- **CITY:** KANATA
- **PROVINCE COUNTRY:** A6

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** KWESST Micro Systems Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20211021

------

**UNITED STATES**<br>**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**<br>Washington, D.C. 20549<br>**Form 6-K**<br>**REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16**<br>**UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934**

For the month of <u>**August, 2025**</u>.

Commission File Number: <u>**001-41566**</u>

<br>**<u>DEFSEC Technologies Inc.</u>**<br>(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)<br><u>**80 Hines Rd, Suite 300, Ottawa, Ontario, K2K 2T8**</u>

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ⊠ Form 40-F □

**INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE**

Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 of this Form 6-K are incorporated by reference into the Registrant's [<u>Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-277196)</u>](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1889823/000106299324019367/formf3.htm).

------

**SIGNATURE**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.** | **DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.** |
|  | (Registrant) | (Registrant) |
| Date: August 13, 2025 | By: | */s/ Jennifer Welsh* |
|  | Name: | Jennifer Welsh |
|  | Title: | Chief Financial Officer |

---

------

<u>**EXHIBIT INDEX**</u>

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| [99.1](exhibit99-1.htm) | [Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024](exhibit99-1.htm) |
| [99.2](exhibit99-2.htm) | [Management's Discussion and Analysis for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025](exhibit99-2.htm) |
| [99.3](exhibit99-3.htm) | [Certification of Interim Filings by CEO dated August 12, 2025](exhibit99-3.htm) |
| [99.4](exhibit99-4.htm) | [Certification of Interim Filings by CFO dated August 12, 2025](exhibit99-4.htm) |
| [99.5](exhibit99-5.htm) | [News Release dated August 13, 2025](exhibit99-5.htm) |

---

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## Exhibit 99.1

------

![](exhibit99-1x001.jpg)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**

**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**

<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(formerly KWESST Micro Systems Inc.)<br>Table of contents for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | Page |
| **FINANCIAL STATEMENTS** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position](#page_3) | [3](#page_3) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss](#page_4) | [4](#page_4) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity](#page_5) | [5](#page_5) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows](#page_6) | [6](#page_6) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements](#page_7) | [7-30](#page_7) |

---

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)<br>Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Financial Position**<br>**At June 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| *In Canadian dollars* | **Notes** | **June 30,**<br>**2025** | **September 30, <br>2024** |
| **ASSETS** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash equivalents |  | $**2543211** | $256828 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Restricted short-term investment |  | **30000** | 30000 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Trade and other receivables | 4 | **1130462** | 567875 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Inventories | 5 | **508747** | 533163 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and deposits |  | **282974** | 179051 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred costs |  | **79442** | 275438 |
| **Current assets** |  | **4574836** | 1842355 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Property and equipment |  | **291039** | 311712 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Right-of-use assets | 6 | **2639396** | 230124 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deposit |  | **31040** | 28806 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Intangible assets | 7 | **2488326** | 3174832 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred costs |  | **81364** | 29319 |
| **Non-current assets** |  | **5531165** | 3774793 |
| **Total Assets** |  | $**10106001** | $5617148 |
| **LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY** |  |  |  |
| **Liabilities** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 8 and 9 | $**1111134** | $1660637 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued royalties liability |  | **200000** | 200000 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lease obligations | 10 | **415540** | 147078 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Contract liabilities | 11 | **78517** | 120571 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrant liabilities | 12 and 13(b) | **346918** | 847295 |
| **Current liabilities** |  | **2152109** | 2975581 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued royalties liability |  | **1044050** | 1118135 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lease obligations | 10 | **2325213** | 155145 |
| **Non-current liabilities** |  | **3369263** | 1273280 |
| **Total Liabilities** |  | **5521372** | 4248861 |
| **Shareholders' Equity** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share capital | 13(a) | **44201818** | 37822725 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrants | 13(b) | **4925372** | 1084687 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Contributed surplus | 13(c) | **5383927** | 5152753 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | **(55542)** | (38520) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated deficit |  | **(49870946)** | (42653358) |
| **Total Shareholders' Equity** |  | **4584629** | 1368287 |
| **Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity** |  | $**10106001** | $5617148 |

---

*See Note 2(a) Going concern and Note 19 Commitments and contingencies.*

*See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.*

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)<br>Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss**<br>**Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024**

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Three Months** | Three Months | **Nine Months** | Nine Months |
|  |  | **Ended** | Ended | **Ended** | Ended |
|  |  | **June 30,** | June 30, | **June 30,** | June 30, |
| *In Canadian dollars* | **Notes** | **2025** | 2024 | **2025** | 2024 |
|  |  |  | (Reclassification |  | (Reclassification |
|  |  |  | Note 2(g)) |  | Note 2(g)) |
| **Revenue** | 15 | $**1417503** | $329476 | $**3569323** | $944408 |
| Cost of sales |  | **(1018013)** | (288665) | **(2451290)** | (715219) |
| **Gross margin** |  | **399490** | 40811 | **1118033** | 229189 |
| **Operating expenses** |  | **1113296** |  | **3727001** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative |  | **1113296** | 1122240 | **3727001** | 3807234 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selling and marketing |  | **375353** | 224790 | **1392014** | 1125758 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development |  | **402334** | 497454 | **1374825** | 1787382 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share-based compensation |  | **21777** | 59131 | **99174** | 183602 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization |  | **309085** | 321974 | **909505** | 963049 |
| **Total operating expenses** |  | **2221845** | 2225589 | **7502519** | 7867025 |
| **Operating loss** |  | **(1822355)** | (2184778) | **(6384486)** | (7637836) |
| **Other income (expenses)** |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share issuance costs | 13(a) | **-** | (366931) | **(1807686)** | (366931) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net finance costs | 16 | **(42565)** | (63034) | **(135985)** | (137889) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign exchange gain (loss) |  | **(258856)** | (22492) | **(67750)** | 68413 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Impairment of right-of-use assets |  | **(6809)** |  | **(88596)** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gain on disposal |  | **-** |  | **6809** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | 12 | **(177290)** | 1475280 | **1260106** | 2973112 |
| **Total other income (expenses), net** |  | **(485520)** | 1022823 | **(833102)** | 2536705 |
| **Net loss** |  | $**(2307875)** | $(1161955) | $**(7217588)** | $(5101131) |
| **Other comprehensive income (loss):** |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:* | *Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:* |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign currency translation differences |  | **77873** | (14578) | **(17022)** | (17781) |
| **Total comprehensive loss** |  | $**(2230002)** | $(1176533) | $**(7234610)** | $(5118912) |
| **Net loss per share** |  | $— |  | $— |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Basic and diluted | 1(b)(c) and 14 | $**(3.69)** | $(27.72) | $**(17.51)** | $(162.30) |
| **Weighted average number of shares outstanding** |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Basic and diluted | 1(b)(c) and 14 | **625323** | 41922 | **412141** | 31430 |

---

*See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.*

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)<br>Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity** <br>**Nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024**

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| *In Canadian dollars* | **Notes** | **Number of**<br>**Shares<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Share capital** | **Warrants** | **Contributed** <br>**surplus** | **Translation** <br>**reserve** | **Deficit** | **Total** <br>**Shareholders'** <br>**Equity** |
| Balance, September 30, 2023 |  | 26969 | $33379110 | $1042657 | $4769115 | $(39663) | $(35215599) | $3935620 |
| Shares issued for public offering |  | 17309 | 2961605 | 105081 |  |  |  | 3066686 |
| Share issuance costs |  |  | (691560) |  |  |  |  | (691560) |
| Warrants exercised | 13(b) | 8467 | 1771239 |  |  |  |  | 1771239 |
| Warrants expired | 13(b) |  |  | (19877) | 19877 |  |  |  |
| Share-based compensation | 13(c) |  |  |  | 183602 |  |  | 183602 |
| Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  | (17781) |  | (17781) |
| Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  | (5101131) | (5101131) |
| Balance, June 30, 2024 |  | 52745 | $37420394 | $1127861 | $4972594 | $(57444) | $(40316730) | $3146675 |
| Balance, September 30, 2024 |  | 75199 | $37822725 | $1084687 | $5152753 | $(38520) | $(42653358) | $1368287 |
| Shares issued for public offering | 13(a) | 3810 | 100310 |  |  |  |  | 100310 |
| Shares issued for private placement | 13(a) | 50248 | 371154 |  |  |  |  | 371154 |
| Warrants issued for private placement | 13(a) |  |  | 2394955 |  |  |  | 2394955 |
| Pre-funded warrants issued for public offering | 13(a) |  |  | 3489393 |  |  |  | 3489393 |
| Pre-funded warrants issued for private placement | 13(a) |  |  | 4579154 |  |  |  | 4579154 |
| Share issuance costs | 13(a) |  | (164199) | (1671762) |  |  |  | (1835961) |
| Shares issued for debt | 13(a) | 5669 | 100000 |  |  |  |  | 100000 |
| Pre-funded warrants exercised | 13(b) | 516114 | 5343578 | (4551305) |  |  |  | 792273 |
| Warrants exercised | 13(b) | 16667 | 628250 | (267750) |  |  |  | 360500 |
| Warrants expired | 13(b) |  |  | (132000) | 132000 |  |  |  |
| Share-based compensation | 13(c) |  |  |  | 99174 |  |  | 99174 |
| Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  |  |  | (17022) |  | (17022) |
| Net loss |  |  |  |  |  |  | (7217588) | (7217588) |
| **Balance, June 30, 2025** |  | **667707** | $**44201818** | $**4925372** | $**5383927** | $**(55542)** | $**(49870946)** | $**4584629** |

---

*See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.*<br>*<sup>(1)</sup> See Note 1 (b) and (c)*

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)<br>Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows**<br>**Nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Nine months ended** | Nine months ended |
|  |  | **June 30,** | June 30, |
| *In Canadian dollars* | **Notes** | **2025** | 2024 |
| **OPERATING ACTIVITIES** |  | $— |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss |  | $**(7217588)** | $(5101131) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Items not affecting cash:* |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization |  | **909505** | 963050 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share-based compensation | 13(c) | **99174** | 183602 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of warrant liabilities (including related foreign exchange gain) | 12 | **(1189596)** | (2985250) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net finance costs | 16 | **135985** | 137889 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Impairment of right-of-use assets | 6 | **88596** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gain on debt settlement |  | **(500)** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net changes in working capital items | 18 | **(1154677)** | (95865) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Changes in non-current deferred costs |  | **(52045)** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest received (paid) |  | **(9582)** | 21427 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Add back items not affecting operating activities:* |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share issuance costs |  | **1807686** |  |
| **Cash flows used in operating activities** |  | **(6583042)** | (6876278) |
| **INVESTING ACTIVITIES** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additions of property and equipment |  | **(120175)** | (85462) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investments in intangible assets | 7 | **(26675)** | (9823) |
| **Cash flows used in investing activities** |  | **(146850)** | (95285) |
| **FINANCING ACTIVITIES** |  | **4871033** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from U.S. Public Offering-November 2024 | 13(a) | **4871033** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from Private Placement-November 2024 | 13(a) | **3421635** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from Private Placement-February 2025 | 13(a) | **3655758** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from U.S. Public Offering-April 2024 | 13(a) | **-** | 1356743 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from U.S. Public Offering-June 2024 | 13(a) | **-** | 2312916 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Payments of lease obligations |  | **(117036)** | (111674) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Payments of share issuance costs | 13(a) | **(3188310)** | (921246) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from exercise of warrants and pre-funded warrants |  | **373195** | 106694 |
| **Cash flows provided by financing activities** |  | **9016275** | 2743433 |
| **Net change in cash and cash equivalents during the period** |  | **2286383** | (4228130) |
| **Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period** |  | **256828** | 5407009 |
| **Cash and cash equivalents, end of period** |  | $**2543211** | $1178879 |
| **Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following:** |  | $— |  |
| Cash held in banks |  | $**2513211** | $1178879 |
| Short-term guaranteed investment certificates |  | **30000** |  |
| **Cash and cash equivalents** |  | $**2543211** | $1178879 |

---

*See Note 18 Supplemental cash flow information.<br>See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.*

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

**1. Corporate information** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**a) Corporate information**

DEFSEC Technologies Inc. (Formerly KWESST Micro Systems Inc.) (the "Company", "DEFSEC", "we", "our", and "us") was incorporated on November 28, 2017, under the laws of the Province of British Columbia. Our registered office is located at 550 Burrard Street, Suite 2900, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and our corporate office is located at Unit 300, 80 Hines Rd., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We have representative offices in the following foreign locations: Washington DC (United States), London (United Kingdom), and Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates).

On June 30, 2025, the Company announced that it changed its name to "DEFSEC Technologies Inc."

We develop and commercialize next-generation technology solutions that deliver a tactical advantage for military, public safety agencies and personal defense markets. Our core mission is to protect and save lives.

DEFSEC's common stock is listed on the TSX-Venture Exchange ("TSX-V'') under the stock symbol of DFSC, on the Nasdaq Capital Market ("Nasdaq") under the stock symbol of DFSC and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the stock symbol of 62U2. Additionally, warrants issued in the United States are also listed on the Nasdaq under the stock symbol of DFSCW. Effective May 1, 2023, the warrants issued in Canada are listed on the TSX-V under the stock symbol of DFSC.WT.U.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**b) 2024 Reverse Stock Split (applied retrospectively)**

Effective on the date of the 2024 Reverse Split, the exercise price and number of common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options were proportionately adjusted to reflect the 2024 Reverse Split. All information respecting outstanding common shares and other securities of DEFSEC, including net loss per share, in the current and comparative periods presented herein give effect to the 2024 Reverse Split.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**c) 2025 Reverse Stock Split (applied retrospectively)**

Effective on the date of the 2025 Reverse Split, the exercise price and number of common shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants were proportionately adjusted to reflect the 2025 Reverse Split. All information respecting outstanding common shares and other securities of DEFSEC, including net loss per share, in the current and comparative periods presented herein give effect to the 2025 Reverse Split.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

**2. Basis of preparation**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(a)** **Going concern***

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. The going concern basis of presentation assumes we will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and can realize our assets and discharge our liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.

As an early-stage company, we have not yet reached significant revenue levels for most of our products and have incurred significant losses and negative operating cash flows from inception that have primarily been funded from financing activities. We have incurred a $7.2 million net loss and negative operating cash flows of $6.6 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2025 (2024 - $5.1 million net loss and negative operating cash flows of $6.9 million). At June 30, 2025, we had $2.4 million in working capital (September 30, 2024 - negative $1.1 million) and $49.9 million in accumulated deficit (September 30, 2024 - $42.7 million).

Our ability to continue as a going concern and realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business is dependent upon closing timely additional sales orders, timely commercial launch of new products, and the ability to raise additional debt or equity financing, when required. There are various risks and uncertainties affecting our future financial position and our performance including, but not limited to:

* The market acceptance and rate of sales of our product offerings;

* Ability to successfully execute our business plan;

* Ability to raise additional capital at acceptable terms;

* General local and global economic conditions, including the ongoing conflict in Gaza and the global disruption from Russia's invasion of Ukraine; and

* Instability in Canada's elected leadership and the threatened tariffs from President Donald Trump.

Our strategy to mitigate these material risks and uncertainties is to execute on a timely basis a business plan aimed at continued focus on revenue growth, product development and innovation, improving overall gross margin, managing operating expenses and working capital requirements, and securing additional capital, as needed.

Failure to implement our business plan could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and/or financial performance. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital should it be required in the future. Accordingly, there are material risks and uncertainties that may cast substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amounts and classification of assets, liabilities and reported expenses that may otherwise be required if the going concern basis was not appropriate.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(b)** **Statement of compliance***

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting, ("IAS 34") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and the interpretations of the IFRS Interpretations Committee. They do not include all the information required for a complete set of financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS<sup>®</sup> Accounting Standards ("IFRS") and should be read in conjunction with our annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2024 ("Annual Financial Statements"). However, selected explanatory notes are included to explain events and transactions that are material to an understanding of the changes in our financial position and performance since the last annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements as at and for the year ended September 30, 2024.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on August 12, 2025.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(c)** **Basis of consolidation***

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements incorporate the financial statements of DEFSEC and the entities it controls.

Control is achieved where we have the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities, are exposed to, or have rights to, variable returns from our involvement with the entity and have the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to us until the date on which control ceases. Profit or loss of subsidiaries acquired during the period are recognized from the date of acquisition or effective date of disposal as applicable. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

At June 30, 2025, we have the following wholly owned subsidiaries:

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | Location | Functional<br>Currency | Equity % |
| KWESST Inc. | Ottawa, Canada | CAD | 100% |
| 2720178 Ontario Inc. | Ottawa, Canada | CAD | 100% |
| Police Ordnance Company Inc. | Ottawa, Canada | CAD | 100% |
| KWESST U.S. Holdings Inc. | Delaware, United States | USD | 100% |
| KWESST Defense Systems U.S. Inc. | Delaware, United States | USD | 100% |
| KWESST Public Safety Systems U.S. Inc. | Delaware, United States | USD | 100% |
| KWESST Public Safety Systems Canada Inc. | Ottawa, Canada | CAD | 100% |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(d)** **Functional and presentation currency***

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars ("CAD"), our functional currency and presentation currency.

While each of the Company's subsidiaries has its own functional currency, the functional currency of the parent company, DEFSEC Technologies Inc., is CAD as this is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. Most of the revenues, cost of sales and operating expenses from significant subsidiaries are denominated in CAD.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(e)** **Basis of measurement***

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments measured at fair value. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for assets.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(f)** **Use of estimates and judgments***

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income, expenses, and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognized prospectively.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

<u>Judgments</u>

Information about judgments made in applying accounting policies that have the most material effects on the amounts recognized in these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the same as disclosed in Note 2(f) of the Annual Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2024, with the exception of the following:

* Lease renewal: the Company is required to make a judgement regarding whether or not the renewal option of leases signed will be exercised in the determination of the value of the related right-of-use asset and lease liability.

<u>Estimates</u>

Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties at June 30, 2025, that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the next financial year are the same as those disclosed in Note 2(f) of the Annual Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2024, with the exception of the following:

* Note 6 - *Right-of-use assets:* whether the determination of the incremental borrowing rate for the Company's leases is reasonable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***(g)** **Reclassification***

Certain comparative figures on the unaudited condensed interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on net loss or shareholders' equity as previously reported. An adjustment has been made to reduce the general and administrative, selling and marketing and research and development to break out the share-based compensation and depreciation and amortization. General and administrative expenses were reduced by $362,269 and $1,054,764 for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Selling and marketing expenses were reduced by nil and $13,655 for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Research and development expenses were reduced by $18,835 and $78,232 for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2024, respectively. Share-based compensation expense was increased by $59,131 and $183,602 for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2024. Depreciation and amortization expense was increased by $321,974 and $963,049 for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2024.

**3. Material accounting policies**

During the nine months ended June 30, 2025, the accounting policies in these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the same as those applied in the Annual Financial Statements.

**4. Trade and other receivables**

The following table presents trade and other receivables:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** <br>**2025** | September 30, <br>2024 |
| Trade receivables | $**1097980** | $455049 |
| Unbilled revenue | **388** | 42248 |
| Sales tax recoverable | **32094** | 70578 |
| **Total** | $**1130462** | $567875 |

---

There was an impairment of trade and other receivables during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025, of nil and $8,096, respectively (2024 - nil and nil).

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

The following table presents changes in unbilled receivables:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** <br>**2025** | September 30, 2024 |
| Balance, beginning of period | $**42248** | $5211 |
| Revenue billed during the period | **(42248)** | (5211) |
| Revenue in excess of billings, net of amounts transferred <br> to trade receivables | **388** | 42248 |
| **Balance, end of period** | $**388** | $42248 |
| Current | $**388** | $42248 |
| Non-current | $**-** | $- |

---

**5. Inventories**

The following table presents a breakdown of inventories:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** <br>**2025** | **September 30, <br>2024** |
| Finished goods | $**29958** | $55754 |
| Work-in-progress | **36077** | 59519 |
| Raw materials | **442712** | 417890 |
| **Total** | $**508747** | $533163 |

---

There was no impairment of inventories during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 (2024 – nil and nil).

For the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, a total of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively (2024 – $0.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively) of inventory was included in profit or loss as an expense as part of cost of sales.

**6. Right-of-use assets**

The following table shows a breakdown of our right-of-use assets:

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Cost** | **Kanata, <br>Ontario** | **North** <br>**Carolina** | **Guelph,<br>Ontario** | **North Kanata, <br>Ontario** | **Total** |
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $91965 | $49563 | $88596 | $- | $**230124** |
| Additions |  |  |  | 2610772 | **2610772** |
| Disposals |  | (41699) |  |  | **(41699)** |
| Impairment |  |  | (88596) |  | **(88596)** |
| Amortization | (43562) | (7864) |  | (19779) | **(71205)** |
| **Balance at June 30, 2025** | $**48403** | $**-** | $**-** | $**2590993** | $**2639396** |

---

**7. Intangible assets**

The following table shows a breakdown of our intangible assets:

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Cost** | **PARA OPS<sup>TM</sup> <br>System** | **PARA OPS<sup>TM</sup> <br>Patent** | **ARWEN<sup>TM</sup>Tradename** | **Customer <br>Relationships** | **Purchase <br>Orders** | **ARWEN<sup>TM</sup>40mm Patent** | **Total** |
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $3074677 | $40295 | $19432 | $36041 | $4387 | $- | $**3174832** |
| Additions |  |  |  |  |  | 26675 | **26675** |
| Amortization | (691019) | (9850) | (5867) | (3333) |  | (3112) | **(713181)** |
| **Balance at June 30, 2025** | $**2383658** | $**30445** | $**13565** | $**32708** | $**4387** | $**23563** | $**2488326** |

---

At June 30, 2025, management concluded there was no indication of impairment on the intangible assets.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

**8. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities**

The following table presents a breakdown of our accounts payable and accrued liabilities:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** <br>**2025** | September 30, <br>2024 |
| Trade payables | $**304650** | $881835 |
| Accrued liabilities | **645766** | 610558 |
| Warranty Reserve | **13900** |  |
| Salary and vacation payable | **146818** | 168244 |
| **Total** | $**1111134** | $1660637 |

---

**9. Related party transactions** 

At June 30, 2025, there was $113,359 (September 30, 2024 - $471,465) outstanding in accounts payable and accrued liabilities due to officers and directors for accrued wages and vacation, consulting fees, directors' fees and expense reimbursements.

In December 2024, the LEC royalty payment that was due April 2025, in the amount of $200,000, was paid early to DEFSEC Corporation, a related party to the Company, in exchange for a $25,000 reduction, resulting in a net payment of $175,000.

**10. Lease obligations**

During the nine months ended June 30, 2025, we entered into a new lease on June 2, 2025 with an expiry date of May 31, 2031 and an option to renew for an additional five year term. We have applied an estimated incremental borrowing rate of 10.7% in the calculation of the obligation. The Company received a free period from June 2, 2025 to May 31, 2026 as a lease inducement. Management has included the renewal option for the lease signed in Q3 Fiscal 2025 as the Company is expecting to renew at expiry.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2025, the Company transferred an office to another lessor and recorded a disposal of the lease obligation as well as the right-of-use asset.

The following table presents the movement in lease obligations for the respective periods:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Offices** |
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $302223 |
| Additions | 2571322 |
| Lease payments (including interest) | (131400) |
| Interest expense | 53813 |
| Disposal | (55205) |
| **Balance at June 30, 2025** | $**2740753** |
| Current portion | $415540 |
| Non-current portion | 2325213 |
| **Balance at June 30, 2025** | $**2740753** |

---

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

The following table presents the contractual undiscounted cash flows for the lease obligations:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** | September 30, |
|  | **2025** | 2024 |
| Less than one year | $**141003** | $206828 |
| One to five years | **1917397** | 154445 |
| Five years and beyond | **2800895** |  |
| Total | $**4859295** | $361273 |

---

**11. Contract liabilities**

The following table presents the changes in contract liabilities:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** <br>**2025** | September 30, <br>2024 |
| Balance, beginning of period | $**120571** | $120970 |
| Amounts invoiced and revenue deferred | **62786** | 108573 |
| Recognition of deferred revenue included in the balance at the beginning of period | **(104840)** | (108972) |
| **Balance, end of period** | $**78517** | $120571 |

---

**12. Warrant liabilities**

The following table shows a breakdown and activity for warrant liabilities for the nine months ended June 30, 2025:

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering** | **U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering** | **Private Placement** | **Private Placement** | **Debt Settlement** | **Direct Offering <br>Aug'24** | **Public Offering <br>Nov'24** |  |
|  | **2022 Warrants** | **Over-<br>allotment <br>Warrants** | **2023** <br>**Warrants** | **Pre-Funded**<br>**Warrants** | **Warrants** | **Warrants** | **Pre-Funded**<br>**Warrants** | **Total** |
| Balance, beginning of period | $65765 | $7644 | $60373 | $31338 | $1145 | $681030 | $- | $**847295** |
| Initial recognition |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4770722 | **4770722** |
| Exercised |  |  |  |  |  |  | (779578) | **(779578)** |
| (Gain) Loss on revaluation of financial instruments | 111303 | (8148) | (60020) | (22049) | 1919 | (568199) | (714912) | **(1260106)** |
| Exchange (gain) loss on revaluation | (995) | 504 | 3855 | (98) |  | 41551 | 25693 | **70510** |
| Extinguish Warrant Liability/Transfer to equity |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3301925) | **(3301925)** |
| **Balance, end of period** | $**176073** | $**-** | $**4208** | $**9191** | $**3064** | $**154382** | $**-** | $**346918** |
| **Number of outstanding securities as at June 30, 2025** | **3226392** | **-** | **1542194** | **151734** | **56141** | **4715000** | **-** | **9691461** |

---

The following table shows a breakdown and activity for warrant liabilities for the year ended September 30, 2024:

---

| | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering** | **U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering** | **U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering** | **Private Placement** | **Private Placement** | **Debt <br>Settlement** | **Public <br>Offering** | **Direct <br>Offering**<br>**Aug'24** |  |
|  | **2022 <br>Warrants** | **Over-allotment <br>Pre-Funded <br>Warrants** | **Over-<br>allotment <br>Warrants** | **2023** <br>**Warrants** | **Pre-Funded**<br>**Warrants** | **Warrants** | **Pre-Funded**<br>**Warrants** | **Warrants** | **Total** |
| **Balance, beginning of period** | $1042538 | $414334 | $121173 | $798573 | $1940914 | $18141 | $- | $- | $4335673 |
| **Initial recognition** |  |  |  |  |  |  | 708054 | 647039 | 1355093 |
| **Exercised** |  | (119257) |  |  | (829720) |  | (820649) |  | (1769626) |
| **(Gain) Loss on revaluation of financial instruments** | (973396) | (295186) | (113022) | (728282) | (1069466) | (16996) | 104227 | 44553 | (3047568) |
| **Exchange (gain) loss on revaluation** | (3377) | 109 | (507) | (9918) | (10390) |  | 8368 | (10562) | (26277) |
| **Balance, end of period** | $**65765** | $**-** | $**7644** | $**60373** | $**31338** | $**1145** | $**-** | $**681030** | $**847295** |
| **Number of outstanding securities as at September 30, 2024** | **3226392** | **-** | **375000** | **1542194** | **151734** | **56141** | **-** | **4715000** | **10066461** |

---

***U.S. Public Offering (April 2024)***

On April 9, 2024, we closed an underwritten U.S. public offering for gross proceeds of $1.4 million (US$1 million) (see Note 13(a)). In this offering, 803,500 pre-funded warrants with an exercise price of US$0.21 per common share for US$0.649 per pre-funded warrant were issued.

Refer to Note 13(a) for further information on the offering and to Note 1 (b) and (c) for further information on the share consolidations.

Under IFRS, the above securities are classified as financial liabilities (referred herein as "warrant liabilities") because the exercise price is denominated in U.S. dollars, which is different from our functional currency (Canadian dollars). Accordingly, the ultimate proceeds in Canadian dollars from the potential exercise of the above securities are not known at inception. These financial liabilities are classified and measured at Fair Value through Profit and Loss ("FVTPL") (see Note 3(c) of the Annual Financial Statements). Gains on revaluation of the warrant liabilities are presented in other income (expenses) on the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

*Warrant liabilities*

All 803,500 warrants were subsequently exercised at a weighted average exercise price of US$0.001 per warrant and we recognized a loss of $104,227 in fair value of warrant liabilities during the year ended September 30, 2024, which was reported in the consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

***U.S. Registered Direct Offering (August 2024)***

On August 13, 2024, we closed a direct offering for the purchase and sale of 22,452 common shares at a purchase price of $56.70 (US$42.00) per common share for gross proceeds of $1.3 million (US$0.9 million) (see Note 13(a)). In a concurrent private placement, we issued 4,715,000 unregistered warrants to purchase common shares at an exercise price of $72.03 (US$52.50) per common share. This was a unit offering consisting of a share and a warrant. The fair value of the warrants attached to the units are valued based on the Black-Scholes model and the difference between the proceeds raised and the value assigned to the warrants is the residual fair value of the shares.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

Refer to Note 13(a) for further information on the offering and to Note 1 (b) and (c) for further information on the share consolidations.

Under IFRS, the above securities are classified as financial liabilities (referred herein as "warrant liabilities") because the exercise price is denominated in U.S. dollars, which is different from our functional currency (Canadian dollars). Accordingly, the ultimate proceeds in Canadian dollars from the potential exercise of the above securities are not known at inception. These financial liabilities are classified and measured at FVTPL (see Note 3(c) of the Annual Financial Statements). Gains on revaluation of the warrant liabilities are presented in other income (expenses) on the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

*Warrant liabilities*

At June 30, 2025, we remeasured the fair value of these warrants using the following assumptions:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **2024 Warrants<br><sup>(1)</sup>** |
| Number of warrants | 4715000 |
| Exercise price per warrant (in USD) | $0.25 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in USD) | $0.054 |
| Black Scholes fair value (in USD) | $0.024 |
| Volatility | 98% |
| Risk free rate | 2.92% |
| Exchange rate (USD/CAD) | $1.3643 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.033** |

---

<sup>(1)</sup> <sup>Fair value is based on the Black Scholes model on</sup> <sup>June 30</sup><sup>, 202</sup><sup>5</sup><sup>, for the warrants.</sup>

We recognized a loss of $96,490 and a gain of $568,199 (2024 - nil and nil) in fair value of warrant liabilities during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, which was reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

***U.S. Public Offering (November 2024)***

On November 1, 2024, the Company announced the closing of a public offering of 3,810 common shares and 3,809,000 pre-funded warrants ("PFW") at a public offering price of $26.25 (US$18.90) per common share and $1.25 (US$0.90) per pre-funded warrant. The gross proceeds from the offering were $4.9 million (US$3.5 million). The fair value of the pre-funded warrants on initial recognition was $1.249, which is the purchase price less the per warrant exercise price of $0.001.

Refer to Note 13(a) for further information on the offering and to Note 1 (b) and (c) for further information on the share consolidations.

Under IFRS, the pre-funded warrants are classified as financial liabilities (referred herein as "warrant liabilities") because the exercise price is denominated in U.S. dollars, which is different from our functional currency (Canadian dollars). Accordingly, the ultimate proceeds in Canadian dollars from the potential exercise of the above securities are not known at inception. These financial liabilities are classified and measured at FVTPL. Gains on revaluation of the warrant liabilities are presented in other income (expenses) on the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

*Warrant liabilities*

639,000 pre-funded warrants were subsequently exercised at a weighted average exercise price of US$0.021 per common share. On November 12, 2024, we converted the remaining 3,170,000 pre-funded warrants to CAD denomination which led to the transfer of pre-funded warrants to equity and extinguishing the related warrant liability. On November 12, 2024, we recognized a gain of $693,328 in the change in fair value of warrant liabilities, before reclassifying the pre-funded warrants to equity, which was reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

**13. Share Capital and Contributed Surplus**

As disclosed in Note 1(b) and (c), the 2024 Reverse Split and 2025 Reverse Split have been applied retrospectively herein.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**a) Share capital**

*Authorized*

DEFSEC is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares.

*Issued Common Shares*

The following is a summary of changes in outstanding common shares since September 30, 2024:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number** | **Amount** |
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | 75199 | $37822725 |
| Issued for U.S. Public Offering | 3810 | 100310 |
| Issued for U.S. Private Placement | 50248 | 371154 |
| Issued for debt settlements | 5669 | 100000 |
| Issued for warrant exercise | 532781 | 5971828 |
| Less: share issuance costs for the period |  | (164199) |
| **Balance at June 30, 2025** | **667707** | $**44201818** |

---

***Debt Settlement (January 2024)***

On January 10, 2024, we issued 222 common shares in a settlement of debt in an amount of approximately $97,615. The debt resulted from a tail obligation relating to services rendered by a third-party consultant which the Company has elected to pay in common shares. The common shares issued pursuant to the debt settlement (signed October 31, 2023) were subject to a four-month hold period pursuant to applicable securities legislation and the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange.

***U.S. Public Offering (April 2024)***

On April 9, 2024, we closed a brokered U.S. public offering, resulting in the issuance of 3,500 common shares of DEFSEC, for aggregate gross proceeds of $1.4M (US$1.0M) (the "April 2024 Public Offering").

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

As a part of the April 2024 Public Offering, the Company issued 3,500 common shares and 803,500 pre-funded warrants with an exercise price of $0.21 per share at a public offering price of $184.80 (US$136.50) per common share and $0.881 (US$0.649) per pre-funded warrant, less the underwriting discount.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

ThinkEquity acted as sole book-running manager for the April 2024 Public Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the placement agent fees represent $0.4875 per unit (being an aggregate of $101,838 (US$75,002) or 7.5% of the public offering price of the securities). In addition, the Company issued 76,925 warrants to purchase a number of common shares (the "Placement Agent Warrants"), representing 5% of the common shares and pre-funded warrants sold in the April 2024 Public Offering. The Placement Agent Warrants will be exercisable, in whole or in part, immediately upon issuance and will expire 60 months after the closing of the April 2024 Public Offering at an initial exercise price of $231.63 (US$170.63) per common share. The share issuance costs related to the April 2024 Public Offering that was recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive loss was $339,324 and recognized in equity was $269,400.

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the April 2024 Public Offering was $43,868, calculated using the Black Scholes model, and total share issuance costs were $608,724.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 76925 |
| Stock price (in USD) | $0.75 |
| Exercise price (in USD) | $0.89 |
| Black Scholes fair value (in USD) | $0.42 |
| Volatility | 66% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.86% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| Exchange rate (USD/CAD) | 1.3578 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.57** |

---

***U.S. Public Offering (June 2024)***

On June 14, 2024, we closed a brokered U.S. public offering, resulting in the issuance of 13,810 common shares of DEFSEC for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $2.3M (US$1.7M) (the "June 2024 Public Offering"). As a part of the June 2024 Public Offering, the Company issued 13,810 common shares at a public offering price of $168.00 (US$121.80) per share, less the placement agent fees.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

ThinkEquity acted as sole book-running manager for the June 2024 Public Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the placement agent fees represent $0.435 per common share (being an aggregate of $173,469 (US$126,150) or 7.5% of the public offering price of the securities). In addition, the Company issued to the placement agent 145,000 common share purchase warrants with an exercise price of $210.00 (US$152.25) per common share, exercisable, in whole or in part, immediately upon issuance and will expire 60 months after the closing of the June 2024 Public Offering. All of the share issuance costs related to the June 2024 Public Offering were recognized in equity.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the June 2024 Public Offering was $61,213, calculated using the Black Scholes model, and total share issuance costs were $384,509.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 145000 |
| Stock price (in USD) | $0.58 |
| Exercise price (in USD) | $0.73 |
| Black Scholes fair value (in USD) | $0.31 |
| Volatility | 66% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.86% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| Exchange rate (USD/CAD) | 1.3751 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.42** |

---

***U.S. Registered Direct Offering (August 2024)***

On August 13, 2024, we closed a registered direct offering for the purchase and sale of 22,452 common shares at a purchase price of $57.54 (US$44.00) per common share for gross proceeds of $1.4M (US$0.9M) (the "August 2024 Offering"). In a concurrent private placement, the Company issued 4,715,000 unregistered warrants to purchase common shares at an exercise price of $72.03 (US$52.50) per common share that are immediately exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years following the date of issuance.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

H.C. Wainwright & Co. ("Wainwright") acted as the exclusive placement agent for the August 2024 Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the placement agent fees were US$70,725 or 7.5% of the public offering price of the securities. In connection with the closing of the August 2024 Offering, we issued Wainwright or its designees warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 353,625 common shares at an exercise price of $72.03 (US$52.50) per common share, the warrants are exercisable upon issuance and have an expiry date of August 9, 2029. The shares offered as Brokers' Compensation related to the August 2024 Offering were recognized in equity.

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the August 2024 Offering was $28,632, calculated using the Black Scholes model. The share issuance costs related to the August 2024 Offering that was recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive loss was $202,242 and recognized in equity was $281,869.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 353625 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in USD) | $0.14 |
| Exercise price per warrant (in USD) | $0.25 |
| Black Scholes fair value (in USD) | $0.06 |
| Volatility | 91% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.12% |
| Expected life (in years) | 2.50 |
| Exchange rate (USD/CAD) | 1.3751 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.08** |

---

***U.S. Public Offering (November 2024)***

On November 1, 2024, the Company announced the closing of a public offering of 3,810 common shares and 3,809,000 pre-funded warrants at a public offering price of $26.25 (US$18.90) per common share and $1.25 (US$0.90) per pre-funded warrant (the "November 2024 Offering"). The gross proceeds from the offering were approximately $4.9 million (US$3.5 million), before deducting placement agent fees of $1.974 (US$1.4175) per common share and $0.094 (US$0.0675) per pre-funded warrant (being an aggregate of $365,726 (US$262,508) or 7.5% of the public offering price of the securities). In addition, the Company issued to the placement agent as compensation for its services 194,450 common share purchase warrants with an exercise price of $32.907 (US$23.625) per common share.

On November 12, 2024, we amended the pre-funded warrants whereas the exercise price of the warrants, along with all the other settlement amounts, were amended to be denominated in CAD currency, which is consistent with the Company's functional and presentation currency. As a result, we reclassified the remaining unexercised pre-funded warrants as equity instruments under IAS 32. This resulted in a transfer of $3,301,925 from warrant liabilities to equity warrants. The amendments effectively remove the cashless exercise option and ensure settlement in CAD, thereby meeting the criteria for equity classification. We also applied IFRIC 19 to appropriately derecognize the liabilities and recognize the equity effective November 12, 2024.

<u>Accounting Treatment</u>

Refer to Note 12 for the accounting of the warrants issued in the November 2024 Offering accounted for as warrant liabilities up to November 11, 2024.

The remaining 3,170,000 pre-funded warrants were subsequently exercised at a weighted average exercise price of $0.021 per common share, for proceeds of $3,170, during the nine months ended June 30, 2025.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

In connection with the August 2024 Offering, Wainwright was also granted a tail obligation resulting in earning 7.5% on any equity financing raised from investors introduced to the Company as part of the offering. The November 1, 2024, financing fell entirely within the scope of the tail obligation and resulted in a payment of $362,618 (US$260,661), representing 7.5% of the $4.9 million (US$3.5 million) gross proceeds to Wainwright upon closing of the transaction.

ThinkEquity acted as the sole placement agent for the November 2024 Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the placement agent fees were $365,725 (US$262,508) or 7.5% of the public offering price of the securities). In addition, the Company issued to the placement agent as compensation for its services 194,450 common share purchase warrants with an exercise price of $32.907 (US$23.625) per common share. The warrants are exercisable upon issuance and have an expiry date of November 1, 2029. The shares offered as Brokers' Compensation related to the November 2024 Offering were recognized in equity.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the November 2024 Offering was $187,468, calculated using the Black Scholes model.

The share issuance costs related to the November 2024 Offering that were recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive loss was $1,807,686 and recognized in equity were $227,557, inclusive of the broker compensation warrants.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 194450 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in USD) | $0.93 |
| Exercise price per warrant (in USD) | $1.13 |
| Black Scholes fair value (in USD) | $0.69 |
| Volatility | 103% |
| Dividend yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.92% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| Exchange rate (USD/CAD) | $1.3932 |
| **Fair value per warrant** | $**0.96** |

---

***Debt Settlement (November 2024)***

On November 11, 2024, we issued 5,669 common shares at a deemed price per common share of $17.64 per share, representing a 20% discount on the closing price of the Shares on the TSX Venture Exchange on the last trading day prior to the news release, for settlement of business expenses incurred while representing the Company in an aggregate amount of $100,000 owed to a company controlled by Mr. David Luxton, Chairman of the Company.

***Private Placement (November 2024)***

On November 12, 2024, we closed a brokered private placement offering to an institutional accredited investor for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.4 million (approximately US$2.5 million) (the "November 2024 PP").

As a part of the November 2024 PP, the Company issued 4,145,200 pre-funded warrants to acquire common shares of the Company on a basis of twenty-one warrants to one common share, with no par value at a price of $0.824 (US$0.592) per pre-funded warrant, inclusive of the exercise price of $0.021 per common share. Each pre-funded warrant was bundled with one common share purchase warrant ("November 2024 Common Warrant") of the Company. Each November 2024 Common Warrant was immediately exercisable on the basis of twenty-one warrants to one common share at an exercise price of $21.63 (US$15.54) per common share for a period of 60 months following the closing of the November 2024 PP. Although the pre-funded warrants are each bundled with a November 2024 Common Warrant, each security is issued separately. Since the instruments were bundled, the Company uses the bifurcation method to determine the fair value of each security. The Black Scholes model was used to determine the fair value of the underlying November 2024 Common Warrant and the remainder of the purchase price was allocated to the pre-funded warrant, resulting in a fair value of the November 2024 Common Warrants of $0.765 and a fair value of $0.06 for the pre-funded warrants.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 4145200 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $1.00 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.03 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.765 |
| Volatility | 103% |
| Dividend yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.92% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.765** |

---

The 4,145,000 pre-funded warrants and 350,000 November 2024 Common Warrants were subsequently exercised at a weighted average exercise price of $0.08, for proceeds of $364,645, during the nine months ended June 30, 2025.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

In connection with the August 2024 Offering, Wainwright was also granted a tail obligation resulting in earning 7.5% on any equity financing raised from investors introduced to the Company as part of the offering. The November 12, 2024, financing fell entirely within the scope of the tail obligation and resulted in a payment of $259,534 (US$184,047), representing 7.5% of the $3.4 million (US$2.5 million) gross proceeds to Wainwright upon closing of the transaction.

ThinkEquity acted as sole placement agent for the Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the Company (i) paid to ThinkEquity, at the closing of the November 2024 PP, a cash fee equal of $274,027 (US$196,400), representing 8.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the November 2024 PP; and (ii) issued to ThinkEquity or its designees 207,260 warrants ("Placement Agent Warrants") to purchase common shares on the basis of twenty-one warrants to one common share, equal to 5% of the pre-funded warrants sold in the November 2024 PP. The Placement Agent Warrants are immediately exercisable, and entitle the holder to acquire one common share at an exercise price of $1.03 (US$0.74) per common share for a period of 60 months following the closing of the November 2024 PP.

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the November 2024 PP was $158,554, calculated using the Black Scholes model.

The share issuance costs related to the November 2024 PP that were recognized in equity were $681,185, inclusive of the broker compensation warrants.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 207260 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $1.00 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.03 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.765 |
| Volatility | 103% |
| Dividend yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.92% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.765** |

---

***Private Placement (February 2025)***

On February 21 and February 25, 2025, we closed the first and second tranche, respectively, of a brokered private placement offering for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $3.7 million (the "February 2025 PP").

As part of the February 2025 PP, the Company issued 50,248 common shares and 2,884,179 pre-funded warrants to acquire one common share of the Company. The common shares and pre-funded warrants had a no par value per share at a price of $19.488 per common share and $0.928 per pre-funded warrant, inclusive of the exercise price of $0.021 per common share. Each common share and pre-funded warrant were bundled with one common share purchase warrant ("February 2025 Common Warrant") of the Company. Each February 2025 Common Warrant is immediately exercisable and entitles the holder to acquire one common share for every 21 February 2025 Common Warrant exercised at an exercise price of $24.36 per common share for a period of 60 months following the closing of the February 2025 PP. Although the common shares and pre-funded warrants are each bundled with a February 2025 Common Warrant, each security is issued separately. Since the instruments were bundled, the Company uses the bifurcation method to determine the fair value of each security. The Black Scholes model was used to determine the fair value of the underlying February 2025 Common Warrant and the remainder of the purchase price was allocated to the common share or pre-funded warrant, resulting in a fair value of the first tranche of the February 2025 Common Warrants of $0.58 and $0.55 and a fair value of $7.308 for the common shares and $0.348 for the pre-funded warrants.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **February 21 Tranche** | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 3787879 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $0.80 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.16 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.58 |
| Volatility | 104% |
| Dividend yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.76% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.58** |

---

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **February 25 Tranche** | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 151515 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $0.77 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.16 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.55 |
| Volatility | 104% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.65% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.55** |

---

The 2,884,179 pre-funded warrants were subsequently exercised at a weighted average exercise price per warrant of $0.001, for proceeds of $2,884, during the nine months ended June 30, 2025.

<u>Brokers' Compensation and Share Issuance Costs</u>

In connection with the August 2024 Offering, Wainwright was also granted a tail obligation resulting in earning 7.5% on any equity financing raised from investors introduced to the Company as part of the offering. The February 2025 PP fell mostly within the scope of the tail obligation and resulted in a payment of $244,128, representing 7.5% of the gross proceeds, within the scope of the tail obligation, to Wainwright upon closing of the transaction.

ThinkEquity acted as sole placement agent for the Offering. As compensation for services rendered, the Company (i) paid to ThinkEquity, at the closing of the February 2025 PP, a cash fee equal to $279,338, representing 7.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the February 2025 PP; and (ii) issued to ThinkEquity or its designees 196,970 warrants ("February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants") equal to 105% of the common shares and 5% of the pre-funded warrants sold in the February 2025 PP. The February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants are immediately exercisable, and entitle the holder to acquire one common share for every 21 February 2025 Placement Agent Warrants exercised at an exercise price of $24.36 per common share for a period of 60 months following the closing of the February 2025 PP.

The fair value of the broker compensation warrants at the closing of the February 2025 PP was $114,046, calculated using the Black Scholes model.

The share issuance costs related to the February 2025 PP recognized in equity were $927,219, inclusive of the broker compensation warrants.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **February 21 Tranche** | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 189394 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $0.80 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.16 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.58 |
| Volatility | 104% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.76% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.58** |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **February 25 Tranche** | **Initial <br>Recognition** |
| Number of Warrants | 7576 |
| Nasdaq closing price (in CAD) | $0.77 |
| Exercise price per warrant | $1.16 |
| Black Scholes fair value | $0.55 |
| Volatility | 104% |
| Dividend Yield | Nil |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.65% |
| Expected life (in years) | 5.00 |
| **Fair value per warrant (CAD)** | $**0.55** |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**b) Warrants**

The following is a summary of changes in outstanding warrants since September 30, 2024:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number of <br>warrants** | Weighted <br>average <br>exercise price <br>per warrant |
| Outstanding at September 30, 2024 | **11600598** | $3.23 |
| Issued (Note 11(a)) | **19521653** | 0.49 |
| Exercised (1) | **(11188379)** | 0.03 |
| Expired | **(575000)** | 5.01 |
| Outstanding at June 30, 2025 | **19358872** | $4.00 |
| Exercisable at June 30, 2025 | **19358872** | $4.00 |

---

<sup>The table</sup> <sup>below</sup> <sup>outlines the ratio upon which the above warrants are converted into common shares.</sup> 

<sup>(1)</sup> <sup>The Pre-Funded Warrants exercised in Fiscal</sup> <sup>202</sup><sup>5</sup> <sup>had a strike price of $0.0</sup><sup>0</sup><sup>1</sup> <sup>per warrant</sup><sup>.</sup>

In the nine months ended June 30, 2025, there were 10,838,382 pre-funded warrants and 350,000 November 2024 Common Warrants exercised, resulting in an increase to share capital of $5,971,828, a decrease to warrants of $4,819,055 and a decrease to warrant liabilities of $667,634 with the difference being recorded in the change in fair value of the warrant liabilities that was recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive loss.

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

In the nine months ended June 30, 2025, there were 575,000 warrants that expired resulting in $132,000 being recorded to contributed surplus.

The following table provides additional information on the total outstanding warrants at June 30, 2025:

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number of <br>warrants <br>outstanding** | **Conversion ratio <br>to Common Shares** | **Underlying <br>Securities** | **Book value** | **Expiry date** |
| **Classified as equity** |  |  |  |  |  |
| *LEC's Warrants:* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$0.70 | 500000 | 14,700 for 1 | 34 | $425000 | April 29, 2026 |
| *December 2022 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$5.1625 | 134950 | 210 for 1 | 643 | $189592 | December 9, 2027 |
| *July 2023 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$2.66 | 123637 | 210 for 1 | 589 | $204187 | July 21, 2028 |
| *April 2024 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$0.8125 | 76925 | 210 for 1 | 366 | $43869 | April 9, 2029 |
| *June 2024 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$0.725 | 145000 | 210 for 1 | 690 | $61213 | June 14, 2029 |
| *August 2024 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$0.25 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;353625 | 210 for 1 | 1684 | $28826 | August 9, 2029 |
| *November 2024 U.S. Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$1.125 | 194450 | 21 for 1 | 9260 | $187468 | November 1, 2029 |
| *November 2024 Private Placement Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.03 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3795200 | 21 for 1 | 180724 | $2903470 | November 12, 2029 |
| *November 2024 PP Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.03 | 207260 | 21 for 1 | 9870 | $158554 | November 12, 2029 |
| *February 21, 2025 Private Placement Warrants* | *February 21, 2025 Private Placement Warrants* |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.16 | 3787879 | 21 for 1 | 180375 | $2196970 | February 21, 2030 |
| *February 21, 2025 PP Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.16 | 189394 | 21 for 1 | 9019 | $109849 | February 21, 2030 |
| *February 25, 2025 Private Placement Warrants* | *February 25, 2025 Private Placement Warrants* |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.16 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;151515 | 21 for 1 | 7215 | $83939 | February 25, 2030 |
| *February 25, 2025 PP Underwriter Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of CAD$1.16 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7576 | 21 for 1 | 361 | $4197 | February 25, 2030 |
| *Costs related to the Nov 2024 Public Offering Warrants* | *Costs related to the Nov 2024 Public Offering Warrants* | |  | $(187468) |  |
| *Costs related to the Nov 2024 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* | *Costs related to the Nov 2024 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* | *Costs related to the Nov 2024 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* |  | $(681185) |  |
| *Costs related to the Feb 2025 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* | *Costs related to the Feb 2025 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* | *Costs related to the Feb 2025 Private Placement Warrants and PFWs* |  | $(803109) |  |
|  | 9667411 |  | 400830 | $4925372 |  |
| **Classified as liability** |  |  |  |  |  |
| *December 2022 Public Offerings:* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$5.00 | 3226392 | 210 for 1 | 15364 | $176073 | December 9, 2027 |
| *December 2022 Debt Settlement* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$5.00 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;56141 | 210 for 1 | 267 | $3064 | December 9, 2027 |
| *July 2023 Public Offerings:* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$2.66 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1542194 | 210 for 1 | 7344 | $4208 | July 21, 2028 |
| *July 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$0.001 | 151734 | 210 for 1 | 723 | $9191 | No expiry |
| *August 2024 Public Offering* |  |  |  |  |  |
| Exercise price of US$0.25 | 4715000 | 210 for 1 | 22452 | $154382 | August 9, 2029 |
|  | 9691461 |  | 46150 | 346918 |  |
| **Total outstanding warrants** | **19358872** |  | **446980** | $**5272290** |  |

---

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**c) Contributed Surplus**

Contributed surplus consists of issued broker compensation options at fair value, the cumulative amortized fair value of share-based compensation grants since inception, less amounts transferred to share capital for exercises. If outstanding options expire or are forfeited, there is no reversal of contributed surplus.

*Share-based compensation*

On August 26, 2024, DEFSEC shareholders approved the renewal of the Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "LTIP"). The number of RSUs, PSUs, deferred share units ("DSUs"), and stock appreciation rights ("SARs") (collectively "Share Units") authorized for issuance pursuant to the LTIP is 1,939 Share Units. Accordingly, we have 882 Share Units available for future grants.

We did not grant any stock options, RSUs, PSUs, and SARs, pursuant to our LTIP during the nine months ended June 30, 2025. Accordingly, we had 1,057 outstanding stock options at June 30, 2025, and we have 65,704 stock option units available for future grants.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number of <br>options**  | **Weighted <br>average <br>exercise price <br>per warrant** |
| Outstanding at September 30, 2024 | 1229 | $554.40 |
| Cancelled | (172) | $664.41 |
| **Outstanding at June 30, 2025** | **1057** | $**554.95** |
| **Options exercisable at June 30, 2025** | **816** | $**560.69** |

---

**14. Loss per share**

As disclosed in Note 1(b) and (c), the 2024 Reverse Split and 2025 Reverse Split has been applied retrospectively herein.

The following table summarizes the calculation of the weighted average number of basic and diluted common shares to calculate the loss per share as reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months** <br>**ended** <br>**June 30,**<br> **2025** | Three months <br>ended <br>June 30,<br> 2024 | **Nine months** <br>**ended** <br>**June 30,** <br>**2025** | Nine months <br>ended <br>June 30,<br> 2024 |
| Issued common shares, beginning of period | **530364** | 28806 | **75199** | 26747 |
| ***Effect of shares issued from:*** |  |  |  |  |
| November 2024 U.S. Public Offering (Note 11(a)) | **-** |  | **3363** |  |
| February 2025 U.S. Private Placement (Note 11(a)) | **-** |  | **23638** |  |
| April 2024 U.S. Public Offering | **-** | 3154 | **-** | 1047 |
| June 2024 U.S. Public Offering | **-** | 2428 | **-** | 806 |
| Exercise of warrants | **-** |  | **8059** |  |
| Exercise of pre-funded warrants | **94959** | 4086 | **297085** | 1619 |
| Debt settlements | **-** |  | **4797** | 66 |
| Over-allotment Pre-Funded Warrants | **-** | 3448 | **-** | 1145 |
| **Weighted average number of dilutive common shares** | **625323** | 41922 | **412141** | 31430 |

---

------

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

At June 30, 2025 and 2024, all dilutive securities, being warrants, pre-funded warrants and stock options, were anti-dilutive because we incurred a net loss for the above periods.

**15. Revenue**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) Revenue streams

DEFSEC generates revenue from the sale of products and services to its customers.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers

In the following table, revenue from contracts with customers is disaggregated by primary geographical market, major products and service lines, and timing of revenue recognition.

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months**<br> **ended**<br> **June 30,** <br>**2025** | Three months <br>ended<br>June 30,<br>2024 | **Nine months**<br> **ended**<br>**June 30,** <br>**2025** | Nine months<br>ended<br>June 30,<br> 2024 |
| ***Major products / service lines*** |  |  |  |  |
| Digitization | $**1067650** | $286289 | $**2853419** | $659775 |
| Less-Lethal | **340929** | 39160 | **706053** | 279644 |
| Training and services | **8700** | 1028 | **8700** | 1028 |
| Other | **224** | 2999 | **1151** | 3961 |
|  | $**1417503** | $329476 | $**3569323** | $944408 |
| ***Primary geographical markets*** |  |  |  |  |
| Canada | $**1274341** | $309940 | $**3330797** | $851784 |
| United States | **143162** | 19536 | **238526** | 92624 |
|  | $**1417503** | $329476 | $**3569323** | $944408 |
| ***Timing of revenue recognition*** |  |  |  |  |
| Products and services transferred over time | $**1076350** | $287317 | $**2862119** | $660803 |
| Products transferred at a point in time | **341153** | 42159 | **707204** | 283605 |
|  | $**1417503** | $329476 | $**3569323** | $944408 |

---

Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized ("contracted not yet recognized") and includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. At June 30, 2025, DEFSEC's contracted not yet recognized revenue was $78,519 (2024 - $208,886), of which 100% of this amount is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months.

For the three months ended June 30, 2025, two customers accounted for 66% and 10% (2024 – three customers accounted for 70%, 12%, and 4%) of revenue. For the nine months ended June 30, 2025, two customers accounted for 65% and 10% (2024 – three customers accounted for 45%, 18%, and 15%) of revenue.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

**16. Net finance costs**

The following table presents a breakdown of net finance costs for the following periods:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months ended** <br>**June 30,** | Three months ended <br>June 30, | **Nine months ended** <br>**June 30,** | Nine months ended <br>June 30, |
|  | **2025** | 2024 | **2025** | 2024 |
| Finance costs from: |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accretion cost - accrued royalties liability | $**41089** | $47036 | $**125915** | $136967 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lease obligations | **30720** | 17007 | **53813** | 54868 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other | **100** |  | **6553** | 694 |
| Total financing costs | **71909** | 64043 | **186281** | 192529 |
| Interest income | **(29344)** | (1009) | **(50796)** | (54640) |
| Gain on debt settlement | **-** |  | **500** |  |
| **Net finance costs** | $**42565** | $63034 | $**135985** | $137889 |

---

**17. Financial instruments**

For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025, there were no material changes to our financial risks as disclosed in Note 23 of the Annual Financial Statements, except for the following:

*Foreign currency risk*

For the nine months ended June 30, 2025, we raised gross proceeds of $4.9 million (US$3.5 million) in the November 2024 Offering (see Note 13(a)), including the issuance of warrants with an exercise price denominated in U.S. dollars in the November U.S. Public Offering (see Note 12). Warrants exercised in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 resulted in proceeds of $0.8 million (US$0.6 million). On November 12, 2024, the warrants were subsequently converted to CAD denomination and extinguished from liabilities as they were transferred to equity. We also raised gross proceeds of $3.4 million (US$2.5 million) in the November 2024 PP (see Note 13(a)), including the issuance of warrants with an exercise price denominated in CAD dollars in the November Private Placement (see Note 13(a)). Although the financing was denominated in CAD, the terms of the deal allowed for the proceeds to be sent to the Company in U.S. dollars for convenience. We also raised gross proceeds of $3.7 million in the February 2025 PP (see Note 13(a)), including the issuance of warrants with an exercise price denominated in CAD dollars in the February Private Placement (see Note 13(a)). Although the financing was denominated in CAD, the terms of the deal allowed for the proceeds to be sent to the Company in U.S. dollars for convenience. Also, certain of our revenues were denominated in U.S. dollars and we also procure certain raw materials denominated in U.S. dollars for product development. Accordingly, we are exposed to the U.S. dollar currency. Where a natural hedge cannot be achieved, a significant change in the U.S. dollar currency could have a significant effect on our financial performance, financial position and cash flows. Currently, we do not use derivative instruments to hedge the U.S. dollar exposure. Throughout the year we maintained the majority of our cash assets in U.S. dollars and converted to CAD as needed as we primarily received funds from financing in U.S. dollars.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

At June 30, 2025, we had the following net U.S. dollar exposure:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Total USD** |
| **Net assets in U.S. subsidiary** | $- |
| **US denominated from other:** |  |
| Assets | $1654635 |
| Liabilities | (399422) |
| **Net US dollar exposure** | $**1255213** |
| Impact to profit or loss if 5% movement in the US dollar | $**62761** |

---

During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded a foreign exchange loss of $258,856 and $67,750, respectively (2024 - loss of $22,492 and gain of $68,413).

*Liquidity risk*

At June 30, 2025, our contractual obligations were as follows:

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Payment due:** | **Total** | **Within 1 Year** | **1 to 3 years** | **3 to 5 years** | **5 years and <br>beyond** |
| Minimum royalty commitments | $**2000000** | $- | $700000 | $600000 | $700000 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | **1111134** | 1111134 |  |  |  |
| Other Contracts | **131335** | 104780 | 13560 | 12995 |  |
| Lease obligations | **4859295** | 141003 | 970615 | 946782 | 2800895 |
| **Total contractual obligations** | $**8101764** | $**1356917** | $**1684175** | $**1559777** | $**3500895** |

---

At June 30, 2025, we had $2.5 million in cash and $2.4 million in working capital (current assets less current liabilities) (September 30, 2024 - $0.3 million in cash and negative $1.1 million in working capital).

**18. Supplemental cash flow information**

The following table presents net changes in working capital items:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Nine months** <br>**ended**<br>**June 30, 2025** | Nine months <br>ended <br>June 30, 2024 |
| Trade and other receivables | $**(562587)** | $(101331) |
| Inventories | **24416** | (76474) |
| Prepaid expenses and deposits | **(103923)** | 166003 |
| Deferred costs | **(73165)** | (26886) |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | **(397364)** | (43305) |
| Contract liabilities | **(42054)** | (13872) |
|  | $**(1154677)** | $(95865) |

---

The following is a summary of non-cash items that were excluded from the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2025:

* $2,571,322 non-cash increases to right-of-use assets and lease obligations for a new lease signed in Kanata, Ontario

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

* 119,047 shares issued for debt settlement of business expenses incurred while representing the Company in an aggregate amount of $100,000 owed to a company controlled by Mr. David Luxton, Chairman of the Company;

* $187,468 non-cash share issuance costs as part of the net proceeds settlement at the closing of the November 1, 2024 U.S. Public Offering (see Note 13(a));

* $221,088 non-cash share issuance costs as part of the net proceeds settlement at the closing of the November 12, 2024 Private Placement (see Note 13(a));

* $114,046 non-cash share issuance costs as part of the net proceeds settlement at the closing of the February 2025 Private Placement (see Note 13(a)); and

* Expiry of 200,000 warrants in connection with the acquisition of Police Ordnance Company (see Note 4 of the Annual Financial Statements) expired December 15, 2024.

The following is a summary of non-cash items that were excluded from the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2024:

* 46,706 shares issued for debt settlement. The debt resulted in a tail obligation relating to services rendered by a third-party consultant;

* 778,814 warrants exercised in connection with the July 2023 Private Placement;

* 199,000 warrants exercised in connection with the U.S. IPO and Canadian Offering; and

* 803,500 warrants exercised in connection with the April 2024 U.S. Public Offering.

**19. Commitments and contingencies**

There were no commitments and contingencies at June 30, 2025 other than the royalty payment disclosed in Note 17.

**20. Segmented information**

Our Chairman has been identified as the chief operating decision maker. Our Chairman evaluates the performance of DEFSEC and allocates resources based on the information provided by our internal management system at a consolidated level. We have determined that we have only one operating segment.

At June 30, 2025, we had equipment of $46,171 (2024 – $nil) in the United States while all other property and equipment are located in Canada. We previously had a right-of-use asset located in the United States which was disposed of in the quarter ended March 31, 2025 (2024 – $57,143).

**21. Key management compensation**

Key management personnel are those persons having the authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the entity, directly or indirectly. The key management personnel of the Company are the members of the Company's executive management team and Board of Directors.

Key management compensation for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months**<br> **ended**<br> **June 30, 2025** | Three months <br>ended<br>June 30, 2024 | **Nine months**<br> **ended**<br>**June 30, 2025** | Nine months<br>ended<br>June 30, 2024 |
| Short-term key management compensation | $**202500** | $198750 | $**1132083** | $472917 |
| Share-based payments | **26570** | 28282 | **76533** | 87385 |
| Directors' fees | **122500** | 152500 | **497500** | 437500 |
|  | $**351570** | $379532 | $**1706116** | $997802 |

---

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.<br>(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**<br>Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements<br>Three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024<br>(Expressed in Canadian dollars, except share amounts)

**22. Subsequent Events**

On July 25, 2025, the Company issued 673,084 common shares and 86,795 pre-funded warrants of the Company as part of a public offering, together with common share purchase warrants to purchase up to 759,879 common shares at a combined public offering price of $8.955 per share or pre-funded warrant and accompanying warrant for gross proceeds of $6.8 million. The warrants have an exercise price of $10.52 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and expire five years following the date of issuance.

Subsequent to the issuance, 55,530 pre-funded warrants were exercised at an exercise price of $0.001.

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## Exhibit 99.2

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![](exhibit99-2x001.jpg)

**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**

**(Formerly KWESST MICRO SYSTEMS INC.)**

**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION** 

**AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS**

*For the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025*

*August 12, 2025*

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

All references in this management's discussion and analysis (the "MD&A") to "DEFSEC", "we", "us", "our", and the "Company" refer to DEFSEC Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries as at June 30, 2025. This MD&A has been prepared with an effective date of August 12, 2025.

This MD&A should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 ("Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS") and the annual audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 ("Fiscal 2024 FS"). The financial information presented in this MD&A is derived from these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS<sup>®</sup> Accounting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB"). This MD&A contains forward-looking statements that involves risk, uncertainties and assumptions, including statements regarding anticipated developments in future financial periods and our future plans and objectives. There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. See "Forward-Looking Statements".

All references to $ or dollar amounts in this MD&A are to Canadian currency unless otherwise indicated.

Additional information, including press releases, relating to DEFSEC is available for view on SEDAR+ at <u>www.sedarplus.ca</u>.

**NON-IFRS MEASURES**

In this MD&A, we have presented earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") and EBITDA that has been adjusted for the removal of share-based compensation, foreign exchange loss (gain), change in fair value of derivative liabilities, and any one-time, irregular and non-recurring items ("Adjusted EBITDA") to provide readers with a supplemental measure of our operating performance and thus highlight trends in our core business that may not otherwise be apparent when relying solely on IFRS financial measures. Management also uses non-IFRS measures, in addition to IFRS financial measures, to understand and compare operating results across accounting periods, for financial and operational decision making, for planning and forecasting purposes, and to evaluate our financial performance. We believe that these non-IFRS financial measures enable us to identify underlying trends in our business that could otherwise be hidden by the effect of certain expenses that we exclude in the calculations of the non-IFRS financial measures.

Accordingly, we believe that these non-IFRS financial measures reflect our ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful comparisons and analysis in the business and provides useful information to investors and securities analysts, and other interested parties in understanding and evaluating our operating results, enhancing their overall understanding of our past performance and future prospects.

We caution readers that these non-IFRS financial measures do not replace the presentation of our IFRS financial results and should only be used as a supplement to, not as a substitute for, our financial results presented in accordance with IFRS. There are limitations in the use of non-IFRS measures because they do not include all the expenses that must be included under IFRS as well as they involve the exercise of judgment concerning exclusions of items from the comparable non-IFRS financial measure. Furthermore, other peers may use other non-IFRS measures to evaluate their performance, or may calculate non-IFRS measures differently, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-IFRS financial measures as tools for comparison.

**GOING CONCERN**

As an early-stage company, we have not yet reached significant revenue levels for most of our products and have incurred significant losses and negative operating cash flows from inception that have primarily been funded from financing activities. DEFSEC's Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS have been prepared on the going concern basis which presumes that DEFSEC will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. Our ability to continue as a going concern and realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business is dependent upon closing timely additional sales orders, timely commercial launch of new products, and the ability to raise additional debt or equity financing, when required. There are various risks and uncertainties affecting our future financial position and our performance. Refer to Note 2(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further information.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

**TRADEMARKS**

We own or have rights to various trademarks, service marks and trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. This MD&A also contains additional trademarks, trade names and service marks belonging to other companies. Solely for convenience, trademarks, trade names and service marks referred to in this MD&A may appear without the®,™ or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. We do not intend our use or display of other parties' trademarks, trade names or service marks to imply, and such use or display should not be construed to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other parties.

**FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS**

Certain statements in this document constitute "forward-looking statements" and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian and United States securities laws (together, "forward-looking statements"). Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, information with respect to our objectives and our strategies to achieve these objectives, as well as statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, expectations, anticipations, estimates and intentions. These forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of terms and phrases such as "may", "would", "should", "could", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "plan", "foresee", "believe", or "continue", the negative of these terms and similar terminology, including references to assumptions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these terms and phrases. Forward-looking statements are provided for the purposes of assisting the reader in understanding us, our business, operations, prospects and risks at a point in time in the context of historical and possible future developments and therefore the reader is cautioned that such information may not be appropriate for other purposes.

Forward-looking statements relating to us include, among other things, statements relating to:

* our expectations regarding our business, financial condition and results of operations;

* the future state of the legislative and regulatory regimes, both domestic and foreign, in which we conduct business and/or may conduct business in the future;

* our expansion into domestic and international markets;

* our ability to attract customers and clients;

* our marketing and business plans and short-term objectives;

* our ability to obtain and retain the licenses and personnel we require to undertake our business;

* our ability to deliver under contracts with customers;

* anticipated revenue and related margin from professional service contracts with customers;

* our strategic relationships with third parties;

* our anticipated trends and challenges in the markets in which we operate;

* governance of us as a public company; and

* expectations regarding future developments of products and our ability to bring these products to market.

Forward-looking statements are based upon a number of assumptions and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those that are disclosed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following risk factors, some of which are discussed in greater detail under the section "*Risk Factors*" in our 20-F dated December 27, 2024:

* limited operating history;

* failure to realize our growth strategy;

* failure to complete transactions or realize anticipated benefits;

* reliance on key personnel;

* regulatory compliance;

* competition;

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

* changes in laws, regulations and guidelines;

* demand for our products;

* fluctuating prices of raw materials;

* pricing for products;

* ability to supply sufficient product;

* potential cancellation or loss of customer contracts if we are unable to meet contract performance requirements;

* expansion to other jurisdictions;

* damage to our reputation;

* operating risk and insurance coverage;

* negative operating cash flows;

* management of growth;

* product liability;

* product recalls;

* environmental regulations and risks;

* ownership and protection of intellectual property;

* constraints on marketing products;

* reliance on management;

* fraudulent or illegal activity by our employees, contractors and/or consultants;

* breaches of security at our facilities or in respect of electronic documents and data storage and risks related to breaches of applicable privacy laws;

* government regulations regarding public or employee health and safety regulations, including public health measures in the event of pandemics or epidemics;

* regulatory or agency proceedings, investigations and/or audits;

* additional capital requirements to support our operations and growth plans, leading to further dilution to shareholders;

* the terms of additional capital raises;

* conflicts of interest;

* litigation;

* risks related to United States' and other international activities, including regional conflicts that may impact our operations;

* risks related to security clearances;

* risks relating to the ownership of our securities, such as potential extreme volatility in the price of our securities;

* risks related to our foreign private issuer status;

* risks related to our emerging growth company status;

* risks related to meeting the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq;

* risks related to the liquidity of the Common Shares;

* significant changes or developments in United States trade policies and tariffs that may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial statements;

* risks related to United States tariffs, including potential supply chain disruptions, required operational adjustments, increased costs and potential logistical disruptions; 

* risks related specifically to United States tariffs on aluminum and steel; and

* risks related to retaliatory tariffs imposed by Canada's government affecting potential foreign sales.

Although the forward-looking statements contained herein are based upon what we believe are reasonable assumptions, investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on this information since actual results may vary from the forward-looking statements. Certain assumptions were made in preparing the forward-looking statements concerning availability of capital resources, business performance, market conditions and customer demand.

Consequently, all of the forward-looking statements contained herein are qualified by the foregoing cautionary statements, and there can be no guarantee that the results or developments that we anticipate will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected consequences or effects on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise indicates, the forward-looking statements contained herein are provided as of the date hereof, and we do not undertake to update or amend such forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable law.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

**BUSINESS OVERVIEW**

***Corporate Information***

We are a Canadian corporation incorporated on November 28, 2017, under the laws of the Province of British Columbia. Our registered office is located at 550 Burrard Street, Suite 2900, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and our corporate office is located at Unit 300, 80 Hines Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We have representative offices in London (United Kingdom) and Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates).

DEFSEC Technologies Inc., formerly known as KWESST Micro Systems Inc., is an early-stage technology company that develops and commercializes proprietary next-generation tactical systems that advance operational effectiveness and survivability for military and public safety personnel deployed at the Tactical Edge (those commanders, soldiers, operators and first responders conducting operations primarily in the dismounted domain, on foot and on and off vehicles).

Our product development has focused on three niche market segments as follows:

![](exhibit99-2x002.jpg)

Our core mission is to protect and save lives. We group our offerings for commercialization purposes into Military and Public Safety missions, as shown on our website at www.defsectec.com.

![](exhibit99-2xu001.jpg)

The following is a summary of our main product and service categories for each business line:

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp; **Less-Lethal** | &nbsp;&nbsp; **Digitization** | &nbsp;&nbsp; **Counter-Threat** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp; **PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> <sup>1</sup> products:**<br> *Non-reciprocating devices:*<br> A single-shot device A five-shot device 12-gauge shotgun *(planning stage; not yet industrialized)* *Reciprocating devices*<br> Replica pistol AR style rifle *Cartridge*<br> Blunt / training Inert marking powder Irritant powder **ARWEN<sup>®</sup>** **products:**<br> Single shot 37mm launcher Multi-round 37mm launcher Range of 37mm irritant and blunt impact rounds 40mm blunt impact rounds | &nbsp;&nbsp; **Products:**<br> TASCS Indirect Fire Modules System ("**TASCS IFM**") TASCS Networked Observation and Reconnaissance System ("**TASCS NORS**") New T-SAS Tactical Surveillance and Sniper system ("**T-SAS**<sup>™"</sup>) Services:<br> ATAK Centre of Excellence Lightning SaaS for Critical Incident Management System ("**CIMS**") *(not yet commercially available)* Task-order based software services on long-term government defence contracts | &nbsp;&nbsp; **Products:**<br> Battlefield Laser Detection Systems ("**BLDS**") Phantom Electronic Warfare device  |

---

<sup>1</sup> To position PARA OPS<sup>TM</sup> as an extension of our ARWEN<sup>®</sup> brand we have renamed it PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup>.

DEFSEC's Military offerings are comprised of:

* Digitization: real-time data sharing at the tactical level, including integration with Battlefield Management Applications (BMS) including ATAK and TAK;

* Digitized firing platforms ("Digital Fires" or "Joint Fires");

* BLDS; and

* Digitized Electro Magnetic Spectrum Operations ("EMSO").

DEFSEC's Public Safety offerings are comprised of:

* KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup>: leverages the Company's military digitization technology experience to provide responders to any type of incident with instant onboarding to the mission and TAK-enabled real-time situational awareness software as a service ("SaaS"). The Company is currently pursuing in trials and pilots of the product as it continues development towards the commercial release that is currently expected to be available in the 2025 calendar year.

* Less-Lethal Munitions Systems:

* PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup>, a next-generation less-lethal system.

* ARWEN<sup>®</sup> 37mm system, plus new 40mm munition.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

***Strategy***

Our strategy is to pursue and win large defense contracts for multi-year revenue visibility with prime defense contractors for next-generation situational awareness, with a particular focus on ATAK applications that can be leveraged to address similar requirements in the Public Safety Market complemented by our proprietary ARWEN<sup>®</sup> and PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> less-lethal products, where it is possible to drive sales and where the sales cycle is typically shorter than the more programmatic defense market.

***Major Highlights - Quarter ended June 30, 2025 ("Q3 Fiscal 2025")***

The following is a summary of the major highlights that occurred during Q3 Fiscal 2025:

* On April 1, 2025, the Company announced the results of its special meeting of shareholders. The consolidation resolution was approved by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of common shares of the Company, either present in person or represented by proxy.

* On April 21, 2025, the Company announced that it will effect a consolidation of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares on the basis of twenty-one (21) pre-consolidation Shares for each one (1) post-consolidation Share. The Consolidation was effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time April 23, 2025, on the Nasdaq and was effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time on April 24, 2025, on the TSX Venture Exchange. While the Shares were expected to begin trading on the Nasdaq on a consolidated basis on or around April 23, 2025, due to the discrepancy in the effective date of the consolidation on both markets, trading in the securities of the Company was halted on April 23, 2025 and resumed trading on a consolidated basis on the Nasdaq and the TSX Venture Exchange at market open on April 24, 2025.

* On May 8, 2025, the Company announced that it received a notification letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC notifying the Company that it has regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement set forth under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). The Notification Letter confirmed that the Company evidenced a closing bid price at or greater than the USD$1.00 per common share minimum requirement for 10 consecutive business days from April 24, 2025, to May 7, 2025. As a result, the listing matter has been closed.

* On June 18, 2025, the Company announced receipt of a first order from a defense systems integrator for testing prototypes of its newest generation of the BLDS for a major North American armored vehicle program. On August 4, 2023, KWESST delivered earlier versions of the BLDS technology to an overseas NATO country through a European defense integrator.

* On June 25, 2025, the Company announced that it changed its name to "DEFSEC Technologies Inc." at the opening of its expanded new facility at 80 Hines Road in Kanata North, Ottawa, Ontario. The change became official on June 30, 2025.

The following is a summary of major highlights that occurred since Q3 Fiscal 2025:

* On July 24, 2025, the Company announced the pricing of a public offering whereby on July 25, 2025 it issued 759,879 common shares of the Company (or pre-funded warrants ("Pre-funded Warrants") in lieu thereof), together with common share purchase warrants ("Warrants") to purchase up to 759,879 common shares at a combined public offering price of CAD$8.955 per share (or Pre-funded Warrant in lieu thereof) and accompanying Warrant. The Warrants have an exercise price of CAD$10.52 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years following the date of issuance. The public offering closed on August 7, 2025. In connection with the offering, DEFSEC paid a cash fee to the placement agent in an amount of CAD$510,354 and issued to the placement agent or its designees 56,991 placement agent's warrants entitling the holder to acquire one common share of DEFSEC for a period of five years from the commencement of sales of the offering at an exercise price of CAD$11.1938 per common share.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

**RESULTS OF OPERATIONS**

The following selected financial data has been extracted from the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months ended June 30,** | **Three months ended June 30,** | **Change** | **Nine months ended June 30,** | **Nine months ended June 30,** | **Change** |
|  | **2025** | 2024 | **%** | **2025** | 2024 | **%** |
| **Revenue** | $**1417503** | $329476 | 330% | $**3569323** | $944408 | 278% |
| Cost of sales | **(1018013)** | (288665) | 253% | **(2451290)** | (715219) | 243% |
| **Gross margin** | **399490** | 40811 | 879% | **1118033** | 229189 | 388% |
| *Gross margin %* | **28.2%** | 12.4% |  | **31.3%** | 24.3% |  |
| **Operating Expenses** |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative ("G&A") | **1113296** | 1122240 | -1% | **3727001** | 3807234 | -2% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selling and marketing ("S&M") | **375353** | 224790 | 67% | **1392014** | 1125758 | 24% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development ("R&D") | **402334** | 497454 | -19% | **1374825** | 1787382 | -23% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share-based compensation | **21777** | 59131 | -63% | **99174** | 183602 | -46% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization | **309085** | 321974 | -4% | **909505** | 963049 | -6% |
| **Total operating expenses** | **2221845** | 2225589 | 0% | **7502519** | 7867025 | -5% |
| **Operating loss** | **(1822355)** | (2184778) | -17% | **(6384486)** | (7637836) | -16% |
| **Other income (expenses)** |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share issuance costs | **-** | (366931) | 100% | **(1807686)** | (366931) | 100% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net finance costs | **(42565)** | (63034) | -32% | **(135985)** | (137889) | -1% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign exchange gain (loss) | **(258856)** | (22492) | 1051% | **(67750)** | 68413 | -199% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Impairment of right-of-use assets | **-** |  | 100% | **(88596)** |  | 100% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gain on disposal | **-** |  | 100% | **6809** |  | 100% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | **(177290)** | 1475280 | -112% | **1260106** | 2973112 | -58% |
| **Total other income (expenses), net** | **(478711)** | 1022823 | -147% | **(833102)** | 2536705 | -133% |
| **Net loss** | $**(2301066)** | $(1161955) | **98%** | $**(7217588)** | $(5101131) | **41%** |
| **EBITDA loss <sup>(1)</sup>** | $**(1949416)** | $(776947) | **151%** | $**(6172098)** | $(4000193) | **54%** |
| **Adjusted EBITDA loss<sup>(1)</sup>** | $**(1491493)** | $(1901288) | **-22%** | $**(5375807)** | $(6491185) | **-17%** |
| **Loss per share - basic and diluted<sup>(2)</sup>** | $**(3.68)** | $(27.72) | **-87%** | $**(17.51)** | $(162.30) | **-89%** |
| **Weighted average common shares - basic** | **625323** | 41922 | **1392%** | **412141** | 31430 | **1211%** |

---

<sup>(1)</sup> <sup>EBITDA and</sup> <sup>Adjusted EBITDA</sup> <sup>are</sup> <sup>non-IFRS measure</sup><sup>s</sup><sup>.</sup> <sup>See</sup> <sup>"</sup><sup>Non-IFRS Measures</sup><sup>"</sup><sup>.</sup> <sup>See below for</sup> <sup>r</sup><sup>econciliation of Non-IFRS Measure</sup><sup>s</sup><sup>.</sup>

<sup>(2)</sup> <sup>See share consolidation in</sup> <sup>the summary of major highlights that occurred since</sup> <sup>Q3</sup> <sup>Fiscal 2025 for more information</sup><sup>.</sup>

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

In the following table, we have reconciled EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable IFRS financial measure.

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three months ended June 30,** | **Three months ended June 30,** | **Nine months ended June 30,** | **Nine months ended June 30,** |
|  | **2025** | 2024 | **2025** | 2024 |
| **Net loss as reported under IFRS** | $**(2301066)** | $(1161955) | $**(7217588)** | $(5101131) |
| Net finance costs | **42565** | 63034 | **135985** | 137889 |
| Depreciation and amortization | **309085** | 321974 | **909505** | 963049 |
| EBITDA loss | **(1949416)** | (776947) | **(6172098)** | (4000193) |
| *Other adjustments:* |  |  |  |  |
| Share issuance costs | **-** | 269316 | **1807686** | 366931 |
| Stock-based compensation | **21777** | 59131 | **99174** | 183602 |
| Foreign exchange loss (gain) | **258856** | 22492 | **67750** | (68413) |
| Impairment of right-of-use assets | **-** |  | **88596** |  |
| Gain on disposal | **-** |  | **(6809)** |  |
| Change in fair value of warrant liabilities | **177290** | (1475280) | **(1260106)** | (2973112) |
| **Adjusted EBITDA loss** | $**(1491493)** | $(1901288) | $**(5375807)** | $(6491185) |

---

**Current Quarter Variance Analysis (Q3 Fiscal 2025 vs. Q3 Fiscal 2024)**

The Q3 Fiscal 2025 net loss was $2.3 million compared to $1.2 million in Q3 Fiscal 2024. Q3 Fiscal 2025 EBITDA loss was $1.9 million, compared to $0.8 million in the comparable prior year period. The increase in net loss and EBITDA loss of $1.1 million is due primarily to an increase in other expenses (primarily a decrease in the gain on the change in fair value of the warrant liabilities, which fluctuates depending on the Company's stock price) of $1.5 million offset by an increase in gross margin of $0.4 million as described in further detail below.

*Revenue*

Total revenue increased by $1.1 million in Q3 Fiscal 2025 compared to Q3 Fiscal 2024, mainly due to an additional $0.8 million generated from the digitization business line and $0.3 million of additional ARWEN<sup>®</sup> sales. The increase is due to the significant ramp-up on the Land C4ISR contract beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 as well as a refocus on the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line and the significant reduction of the order backlog due to improvements made to the Company's supply chain for these products.

*Gross Margin*

Gross margin percentage increased from 12.4% in Q3 Fiscal 2024 to 28.2% in Q3 Fiscal 2025 mainly due to the continued ramp-up and established margins being achieved from the digitization business line offset by lower margins achieved on the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line due to the difference in product mix being sold over the comparable periods, with an increase in launcher sales in Q3 Fiscal 2025. The ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line was refocused around reliable suppliers as well as manufacturing agreements and improved customer satisfaction with the continued elimination of the backlog of orders and speedier order fulfilment.

*Outlook*

Management expects revenue to continue to increase as it adds additional resources to fulfill its Canadian Government Defence programs. Management continues to work closely with industry partners and prime contractors on the outlook for growth. The Company also expects revenue to increase with continued growth in the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> business including the expected demand/future orders for the new 40mm ammunition and PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products as well as the commercial launch of KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup>. Management also expects the initial order of BLDS in the quarter to result in requests for additional networked prototypes ultimately resulting in future sales orders.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

*Operating Expenses ("OPEX")*

Total OPEX increased overall by a negligible amount from the comparable prior year period for the three months ended June 30, 2025, comprised of:

* Sales and marketing expenses increased by $0.2 million, due to a change in the classification of executive compensation as a result of a shift in focus to business development, especially for ARWEN<sup>®</sup> 40mm, PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> and KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup>; and

* Research and development expenses decreased by $0.1 million, primarily due to a reduction in engineering costs related to the PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products as the Company is now in the commercialization stage and planning for production as compared to product development costs being incurred in the comparative prior year period.

*Other income (expenses), net*

For Q3 Fiscal 2025, total other expenses were $0.5 million, compared to total other income of $1.0 million in Q3 Fiscal 2024 resulting in a decrease in total other income of $1.5 million. The change in total other income (expenses) was driven mainly by:

* a $1.7 million increase in the change in fair value of warrant liabilities as a result of the remeasurement of the warrant liabilities at June 30, 2025. Under IFRS, we are required to remeasure the warrant liabilities at each reporting date until they are exercised or expired;

* a $0.2 million increase in the foreign exchange loss due to the recent fluctuation in the CAD/USD exchange rate in the current period as the majority of the Company's cash is held in USD; offset by

* a $0.4 million decrease in share issuance costs reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of net loss and comprehensive loss as there were no such costs in Q3 Fiscal 2025.

**SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS**

The following table summarizes selected results for the eight most recently completed quarters to June 30, 2025 (unaudited):

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2025** | **2025** | **2025** | **2024** | **2024** | **2024** | **2024** | **2023** |
| ($ in thousands) | **Q3** | Q2 | Q1 | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | Q4 |
| Revenue | **1417** | 1264 | 888 | 560 | 329 | 486 | 129 | 606 |
| Net loss | **(2301)** | (1460) | (3457) | (2337) | (1162) | (3540) | (399) | (2419) |
| Net loss per share (basic and diluted) | **(3.68)** | (6.16) | (23.94) | (59.33) | (27.30) | (127.66) | (149.10) | (124.44) |

---

*Quarterly Results Trend Analysis*

There is no material change to our quarterly results trend from our disclosure in our annual MD&A dated December 27, 2024 except that we expect further volatility with our quarterly revenue during Fiscal 2025 due to the uncertain magnitude and timeline of ramp-up on our military government contracts, ramp-up of revenue for new ARWEN<sup>®</sup> and PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products, as well as the uncertain magnitude and timeline of any equity financings and related share issuance costs. The significant fluctuations in the net loss per share is due mainly to the 2024 and 2025 share consolidations.

**FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES**

**FINANCIAL CONDITION**

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

The following table summarizes our financial position:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** | September 30, |
|  | **2025** | 2024 |
| **Assets** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current | $**4574836** | $1842355 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-current | **5531165** | 3774793 |
| Total assets | $**10106001** | $5617148 |
| **Liabilities** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current | $**2152109** | $2975581 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-current | **3369263** | 1273280 |
| Total liabilities | **5521372** | 4248861 |
| **Net assets** | $**4584629** | $1368287 |
| **Working capital <sup>(1)</sup>** | $**2422727** | $(1133226) |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<sup>(1)</sup> <sup>Working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities.</sup>

Our working capital was $2.4 million at June 30, 2025, a $3.6 million increase from September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to the proceeds from two financings in Q1 Fiscal 2025 and one in Q2 Fiscal 2025 along with a decrease in accounts payable and royalties payable. Current liabilities include warrant liabilities, a non-cash liability item (see Note 12 of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS). Excluding warrant liabilities, working capital would be $2.8 million (September 30, 2024 — negative $0.3 million). These warrant liabilities will be extinguished when the warrants are exercised or expired. If exercised, the proceeds will provide additional capital to fund future working capital requirements. There is no assurance that any warrants will be exercised.

Total assets increased by $4.5 million from September 30, 2024, mainly due to an increase in cash of $2.3 million resulting from unspent proceeds from the February 2025 financing, an increase in accounts receivable of $0.6 million due to the digitization contracts and an increase in prepaid expenses of $0.1 million due to the timing of renewals offset by a decrease in deferred costs of $0.1 million due to a reduction in deferred financing costs, along with an increase in right-of-use assets of $2.4 million due to the signing of a new office lease offset by a decrease in the unamortized value of non-current assets of $0.7 million.

Total liabilities increased by $1.3 million from September 30, 2024, mainly due to an increase in lease obligations of $2.4 million due to the signing of a new office lease offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $0.5 million due to the timing of payments to suppliers, a $0.1 million decrease in royalties payable due to the payment of the annual royalty, less a $25,000 discount received for early payment, in Q1 Fiscal 2025 offset by the accretion of interest. The royalty payable is from the purchase of the LEC patents from a company owned by the Company's Chairman. There was also a decrease in warrant liabilities of $0.5 million due to the exercise of warrants classified as liabilities and the fluctuation in the Company's stock price as the fair value of the warrant liability is revalued every period.

**LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES**

***Available Liquidity***

Our approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, to the extent possible, that we always have sufficient liquidity to meet our liabilities as they come due. We regularly perform cash flow forecasts to ensure we have sufficient cash to meet our operational needs while maintaining sufficient liquidity. At this time, we do not use any derivative financial instruments to hedge our currency risk.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

On November 1, 2024, we closed a public offering pursuant to which we received aggregate gross proceeds of $4.9 million (USD$3.5 million), before underwriting and offering costs. On November 12, 2024, we closed a private placement pursuant to which we received aggregate gross proceeds of $3.4 million, before underwriting and offering costs. On February 21 and 25, 2025, we closed a private placement for which we received aggregate gross proceeds of $3.7 million, before underwriting and offering costs.

At June 30, 2025, our cash position was $2.5 million, an increase of $2.3 million since September 30, 2024, primarily due to the three financings which provided gross proceeds of $12.0 million before underwriting and offering costs as well as proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $0.4 million, offset by the underwriting and offering costs of $3.2 million along with the cash used in operations of $6.6 million.

As an early-stage company, we have not yet reached significant revenue levels for most of our other products and have incurred significant losses and negative operating cash flows from inception that have primarily been funded from financing activities. Our ability to continue as a going concern and realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business is dependent upon closing timely additional sales orders, timely commercial launch of new products, and the ability to raise additional debt or equity financing, when required. There are various risks and uncertainties affecting our future financial position and our performance. However, we may require additional capital in the event we fail to implement our business plan, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and/or financial performance. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise additional capital as they are required in the future. Potential sources of capital may include additional equity and/or debt financings. On October 23, 2024, the Company entered into a receivable factoring agreement. The facility provides up to $250,000 advanced at a rate of 2.5% for the first thirty days and 1% for each ten days thereafter until receipt of funds from the receivable payee and limited to a total of 20% of the value of the receivable funded. Funds are advanced at 80% upfront of the face value of the receivable with a 20% fee deposit retained by the financing company until the amount funded is fully repaid, following which any balance remaining of the 20% fee deposit is returned to KWESST Inc. The agreement grants security against KWESST Inc.'s receivables and other assets for funds advanced by the financing company. The initial term is for 12 months and may be terminated within the term by KWESST Inc. subject to the payment of an early termination fee of 3% of the total limit of the facility. In our view, the availability of capital will be affected by, among other things, capital market conditions, the success of our PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> system and KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup> market development efforts, timing of winning new customer contracts, potential acquisitions, and other relevant considerations. In the event we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our existing shareholders will likely experience dilution, and any additional incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could require us to agree to operational and financial covenants that could further restrict our operations. Any failure to raise additional funds on terms favorable to us or at all may require us to significantly change or curtail our current or planned operations in order to conserve cash until such time, if ever, that sufficient proceeds from operations are generated, and could result in us not being in a position to advance our commercialization strategy or take advantage of business opportunities.

**Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows**

The following table summarizes our unaudited condensed consolidated interim statements of cash flows for the respective periods:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | Nine months ended June 30, | Nine months ended June 30, |
|  | **2025** | 2024 |
| ***Cash inflows (outflows) by activity:*** |  |  |
| Operating activities | $**(6583042)** | $(6876278) |
| Investing activities | **(146850)** | (95285) |
| Financing activities | **9016275** | 2743433 |
| **Net cash inflows (outflows)** | $**2286383** | $(4228130) |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | **256828** | 5407009 |
| **Cash and cash equivalents, end of period** | $**2543211** | $1178879 |

---

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

*Cash used in operating activities*

Cash flows used in operating activities decreased by $0.3 million to $6.6 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in gross margin due to an increase in higher margin digitization and ARWEN<sup>®</sup> revenue, a decrease in operating expenses, offset by an increase in the foreign exchange loss over the comparable prior year period.

*Cash used in investing activities*

Cash flows used in investing activities in the first nine months of Fiscal 2025 were $0.1 million compared to $0.1 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2024 as a result of minor investments in property and equipment and patents.

*Cash provided by financing activities*

Cash flows provided by financing activities was $9.0 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2025 compared to $2.7 million in the first nine months of Fiscal 2024. The increase was due to the three financings providing gross proceeds of $11.9 million along with proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $0.4 million, offset by share issuance costs of $3.2 million and lease repayments of $0.1 million. There were two financings in the first nine months of Fiscal 2024 with gross proceeds of $3.7 million as well as proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $0.1 million.

**Capital Resources**

Our objective in managing our capital is to safeguard our ability to continue as a going concern and to sustain future development of the business. Senior management is responsible for managing capital through regular review of financial information to ensure sufficient resources are available to meet operating requirements and investments to support the growth strategy. Our Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing this process. From time to time, we could issue new Common Shares or debt to maintain or adjust our capital structure. We are not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.

Our primary sources of capital to date have been borrowings, security offerings, exercise of warrants and, to a lesser extent, revenue. The following is a breakdown of our capital:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,** | September 30, |
|  | **2025** | 2024 |
| ***Debt:*** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lease obligations | $**2740753** | $302223 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrant liabilities | **346918** | 847295 |
| ***Equity:*** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share capital | **44201818** | 37822725 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrants | **4925372** | 1084687 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Contributed surplus | **5383927** | 5152753 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated other comprehensive loss | **(55542)** | (38520) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated deficit | **(49870946)** | (42653358) |
| **Total capital** | $**7672300** | $2517805 |

---

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

*Contractual Obligations and Commitments*

At June 30, 2025, our contractual obligations and commitments were as follows:

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Payment due:** | **Total** | **Within 1 Year** | **1 to 3 years** | **3 to 5 years** | **5 years and <br>beyond** |
| Minimum royalty commitments | $**2000000** | $- | $700000 | $600000 | $700000 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | **1111134** | 1111134 |  |  |  |
| Other contracts | **131335** | 104780 | 13560 | 12995 |  |
| Lease obligations | **4859295** | 141003 | 970615 | 946782 | 2800895 |
| **Total contractual obligations** | $**8101764** | $**1356917** | $**1684175** | $**1559777** | $**3500895** |

---

*Shares Outstanding*

At June 30, 2025, authorized capital consists of an unlimited number of Common Shares with no stated par value.

The following table shows the outstanding Common Shares and dilutive securities at June 30, 2025:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **# of securities**<br>**outstanding** | **Underlying**<br>**Common**<br>**Shares<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Average**<br>**price**<br>**(CAD $)** | **Proceeds if**<br>**Exercised** |
| Common shares | **667707** | **667707** |  |  |
| Warrants | **8234594** | **368348** | $**1.07** | $**8811016** |
| Pre-funded warrants | **151734** | **723** | $**0.014** | $**2070** |
| Warrant liabilities | **9539727** | **45427** | $**3.10** | $**29573154** |
| U.S. Underwriter warrants | **1432817** | **32482** | $**1.74** | $**2493102** |
| Stock options | **1057** | **1057** | $**555** | $**586582** |
| **Total common shares and dilutive securities** |  | **1115744** |  | $**41465924** |

---

<sup>(1)</sup> <sup>Represents the number of shares to be issued upon exercise.</sup>

The following table shows the outstanding Common Shares and dilutive securities at August 12, 2025:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Underlying** | **Average** |  |
|  | **# of securities** | **Common** | **price** | **Proceeds if** |
|  | **outstanding** | **Shares<sup>(2)</sup>** | **(CAD $)** | **Exercised** |
| Common shares | **1396321** | **1396321** |  |  |
| Warrants | **8994473** | **1128227** | $**1.87** | $**16819665** |
| Pre-funded warrants | **182999** | **31988** | $**0.012** | $**2123** |
| Warrant liabilities | **9539727** | **45427** | $**3.13** | $**29859346** |
| U.S. Underwriter warrants | **1489808** | **89473** | $**2.11** | $**3143495** |
| Stock options | **1057** | **1057** | $**555** | $**586582** |
| **Total common shares and dilutive securities** |  | **2692493** |  | $**50411211** |

---

<sup>(2)</sup> <sup>Represents the number of shares to be issued upon exercise.</sup>

*Shares for Debt Settlement - January 2024*

On January 10, 2024, we issued 222 Common Shares in settlement of debt in an amount of approximately $97,615. See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

*US Public Offering - April 2024*

On April 9, 2024, we closed a brokered US public offering, resulting in the issuance of 3,500 Common Shares, for aggregate gross proceeds of $1.4 million (US$1.0 million) (the "April 2024 Public Offering"). See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the April 2024 Public Offering:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **Actual Amount Used** |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $1357834 | $1357834 |

---

<sup>A first-in first-out assumption is used</sup> <sup>to determine the use of proceeds</sup><sup>.</sup>

*US Public Offering - June 2024*

On June 14, 2024, we closed a brokered US public offering, resulting in the issuance of 13,810 Common Shares, for aggregate gross proceeds of $2.3 million (US$1.7 million) (the "June 2024 Public Offering"). See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the June 2024 Public Offering:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **Actual Amount Used** |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $2312918 | $2312918 |

---

<sup>A first-in first-out assumption is used to determine the use of proceeds.</sup>

*US Registered Direct Offering - August 2024*

On August 13, 2024, we closed the August 2024 Offering for the purchase and sale of 22,452 Common Shares for aggregate gross proceeds of $1.4 million (US$0.9 million) (the "August 2024 Direct Offering"). See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the August 2024 Direct Offering:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **Actual Amount Used** |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $1293589 | $1293589 |

---

<sup>A first-in first-out assumption is used to determine the use of proceeds.</sup>

*US Public Offering - November 2024*

On November 1, 2024, we closed the November 2024 Public Offering for the purchase and sale of 3,809,000 pre-funded warrants and 3,810 Common Shares for aggregate gross proceeds of $4.9 million (US$3.5 million). See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the November 2024 Public Offering:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **Actual Amount Used** |
| Product and business development | $1528750 | $1528750 |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $1528750 | $1528750 |

---

<sup>A first-in first-out assumption is used to determine the use of proceeds.</sup>

*Shares for Debt Settlement - November 2024*

On November 11, 2024, we issued 5,669 Common Shares in a settlement of debt in an amount of $100,000. See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

*Private Placement - November 2024*

On November 12, 2024, we closed the November 2024 Private Placement for the purchase and sale of 4,145,200 pre-funded warrants for aggregate gross proceeds of $3.4 million. Each pre-funded warrant was bundled with one common share purchase warrant of the Company. See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the November 2024 Private Placement:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Actual Amount Used** |
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **to Date** |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $2972312 | $2972312 |

---

<sup>A first-in first-out assumption is used to determine the use of proceeds.</sup>

*Private Placement - February 2025*

On February 21, 2025, we closed the first tranche of the February 2025 Private Placement for the purchase and sale of 43,033 Common Shares and 2,884,175 pre-funded warrants and on February 25, 2025, we closed the second tranche of the private placement for the purchase and sale of 7,215 Common Shares, all for aggregate gross proceeds of $3.7 million. Each Common Share and pre-funded warrant was bundled with one common share purchase warrant of the Company. See Note 13(a) of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further details.

The following table shows the use of net proceeds from the February 2025 Private Placement:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Actual Amount Used** |
| **Use of proceeds (as disclosed)** | **Intended Amount** | **to Date** |
| Working capital requirements and general corporate purposes | $2842584 | $299373 |

---

**OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS**

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our results of operations, financial condition, revenues or expenses, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

**RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS**

Refer to Note 9 of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for disclosure about DEFSEC's related party transactions conducted in the normal course of business.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

**FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS**

We recognize financial assets and liabilities when we become party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. On initial recognition, financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value plus transaction costs directly attributable to the financial assets and liabilities, except for financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit and loss, whereby the transactions costs are expensed as incurred.

Refer to Note 17 of the Q3 Fiscal 2025 FS for further disclosure of our financial instruments.

**CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES**

Refer to Note 2(f) of the Fiscal 2024 audited consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the accounting policies and estimates that are critical to the understanding of our business operations and the results of our operations.

**OUTSTANDING SHARE INFORMATION**

At June 30, 2025, DEFSEC's authorized capital consists of an unlimited number of Common Shares with no stated par value. There were 667,707 issued and outstanding Common Shares as at June 30, 2025.

**SUBSEQUENT EVENTS**

On July 25, 2025, the Company issued 673,084 common shares and 86,795 pre-funded warrants of the Company as part of a public offering, together with common share purchase warrants to purchase up to 759,879 common shares at a combined public offering price of $8.955 per share or pre-funded warrant and accompanying warrant for gross proceeds of $6.8 million. The warrants have an exercise price of $10.52 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and expire five years following the date of issuance.

Subsequent to the issuance, 55,530 pre-funded warrants were exercised at an exercise price of $0.001.

**DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING**

As required by National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers Annual and Interim Filings and Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), as amended, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures ("DC&P") (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the quarter. These DC&P are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be publicly disclosed is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis.

Based upon the evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that the operation of our DC&P were effective as of September 30, 2024. Since the September 30, 2024 evaluation, there have been no changes in our DC&P that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our DC&P, accordingly their design remains effective.

**Management's Assessment on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting**

In accordance with National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuer's Annual and Interim Filings and as required by Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), as amended, the CEO and CFO are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting ("ICFR"), The Company's management, including the CEO and CFO, designed ICFR based on the 2013 Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the "COSO Framework") to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

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**DEFSEC TECHNOLOGIES INC.**<br>**MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS**<br>**THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025**

ICFR is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. ICFR has inherent limitations. ICFR is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgement and breakdowns resulting from human failures. ICFR also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by ICFR. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

Management, under the supervision, and with the participation, of our CEO and CFO and oversight of the Board of Directors, evaluated the effectiveness of our ICFR as at September 30, 2024 against the COSO Framework. Based on these evaluations, our management, including our CEO and CFO, concluded that no material weaknesses existed and our ICFR were effective as of September 30, 2024. During the first nine months ended on June 30, 2025, there have been no changes that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our ICFR, accordingly their design remains effective.

Due to its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements on a timely basis. Additionally, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

**APPROVAL**

The directors of DEFSEC have approved the disclosures in this MD&A.

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## Exhibit 99.3

------

**FORM 52-109F2<br>CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS<br>FULL CERTIFICATE**

I, Sean Homuth, Chief Executive Officer of DEFSEC Technologies Inc., certify the following:

1. ***Review:*** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of DEFSEC Technologies Inc. (the "issuer") for the financial quarter ended June 30, 2025.

2. ***No misrepresentations:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

3. ***Fair presentation:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

4. ***Responsibility:*** The issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 *Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings,* for the issuer.

5. ***Design:*** Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

5.1 ***Control framework:*** The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (COSO Framework) published by The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

5.2 ***ICFR*** - ***material weakness relating to design:*** N/A

------

5.3 ***Limitation on scope of design:*** N/A

6. ***Reporting changes in ICFR:*** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period ended June 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: August 12, 2025

---

| |
|:---|
| /s/ Sean Homuth |
| **Sean Homuth** |
| **Chief Executive Officer** |

---

------

## Exhibit 99.4

------

**FORM 52-109F2<br>CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS<br>FULL CERTIFICATE**

I, Jennifer Welsh, Chief Financial Officer of DEFSEC Technologies Inc., certify the following:

1. ***Review:*** I have reviewed the interim financial report and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of DEFSEC Technologies Inc. (the "issuer") for the financial quarter ended June 30, 2025.

2. ***No misrepresentations:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

3. ***Fair presentation:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial report together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

4. ***Responsibility:*** The issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 *Certification of Disclosure in Issuers' Annual and Interim Filings,* for the issuer.

5. ***Design:*** Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

5.1 ***Control framework:*** The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (COSO Framework) published by The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

5.2 ***ICFR*** - ***material weakness relating to design:*** N/A

------

5.3 ***Limitation on scope of design:*** N/A

6. ***Reporting changes in ICFR:*** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period ended June 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: August 12, 2025

---

| |
|:---|
| /s/ Jennifer Welsh |
| **Jennifer Welsh** |
| **Chief Financial Officer** |

---

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## Exhibit 99.5

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**DEFSEC Technologies Inc. (formerly KWESST Micro Systems Inc.) Reports<br>Continued Growth in Fiscal Q3 2025**

***Revenue growth:*** <br>***+278% Year-over-year*** <br>***+330% Q3 2025 over Q3 2024***

***Gross margin growth:*** <br>***+388% Year-over-year*** <br>***+879% Q3 2025 over Q3 2024***

***Accelerated backlog deliver** **y and reduced lead-time** **for the** **ARWEN***<sup>***®***</sup>***line of business***

***Cash balance increases by $2.3 million over Fiscal 2024 year end***

***(excluding subsequently completed public offering with $6.8 million in gross proceeds)***

**Ottawa, Ontario, August 13, 2025** - DEFSEC Technologies Inc. (TSXV: DFSC and DFSC.WT.U; NASDAQ: DFSC and DFSCW) ("**DEFSEC**" or the "**Company**") is pleased to announce the highlights of its fiscal 2025 third quarter ("**Q3 Fiscal 2025**") results. This announcement is a summary only and should be read in conjunction with DEFSEC's unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and related management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2025, all of which have been filed on SEDAR+ and EDGAR. All figures presented in this release are in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise noted.

"Q3 2025 marked a transformative period for DEFSEC as we advanced our strategic objectives across several key focus areas," said Sean Homuth, President and CEO. "We are successfully commercializing the next generation of our Battlefield Laser Detection System, driving robust growth through the execution of government defense programs, significant growth in our ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line and advancing the commercialization of our PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products through a revitalized supply chain and manufacturing partner network."

**Highlights for the Period:**

DEFSEC's commitment to execution of our strategy, our strong focus on revenue, cash management and capital allocation, and the beginning of DEFSEC's pivot from development stage to revenue ramp-up is evidenced by the following key metrics for the period:

* Revenue for Q3 Fiscal 2025 increased by 330% over Q3 Fiscal 2024 (+278% on a YTD basis), driven by the DSEF ("Directorate Land Command Systems Program Management Software Engineering Facility") & Land C4ISR ("Land Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance") government contracts, and growth in our ARWEN<sup>®</sup> business; and

* In Q3 Fiscal 2025, the gross margin was $0.4 million, an increase of 879% over Q3 Fiscal 2024 (+388% on a YTD basis), driven primarily by the increase in revenue.

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**Summary of Operating and Financial Results**

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Three months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Three months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Nine months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Nine months ended June 30,** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;*(in thousands of $)* | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2025** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2024** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2025** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2024** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Revenue | &nbsp;&nbsp;1417.5 | &nbsp;&nbsp;329.5 | &nbsp;&nbsp;3569.3 | &nbsp;&nbsp;944.4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Gross margin | &nbsp;&nbsp;399.5 | &nbsp;&nbsp;40.8 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1118.0 | &nbsp;&nbsp;229.2 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Adjusted EBITDA<sup>1</sup> | &nbsp;&nbsp;(1491.5) | &nbsp;&nbsp;(1901.3) | &nbsp;&nbsp;(5375.8) | &nbsp;&nbsp;(6491.2) |

---

<sup>**1**</sup> See "Non-IFRS Measures" below

**Operating Expenses**

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Three months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Three months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Nine months ended June 30,** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Nine months ended June 30,** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;*(in thousands of $)* | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2025** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2024** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2025** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2024** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative | &nbsp;&nbsp;1113.3 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1122.2 | &nbsp;&nbsp;3727.0 | &nbsp;&nbsp;3807.2 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Selling and marketing | &nbsp;&nbsp;375.4 | &nbsp;&nbsp;224.8 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1392.0 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1125.8 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development | &nbsp;&nbsp;402.3 | &nbsp;&nbsp;497.5 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1374.8 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1787.4 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Share-based compensation | &nbsp;&nbsp;21.8 | &nbsp;&nbsp;59.1 | &nbsp;&nbsp;99.2 | &nbsp;&nbsp;183.6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization | &nbsp;&nbsp;316.9 | &nbsp;&nbsp;322.0 | &nbsp;&nbsp;917.4 | &nbsp;&nbsp;963.0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;**Total Operating Expenses** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2229.7** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**2225.6** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**7510.4** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**7867.0** |

---

*Revenue*

Total revenue increased by $1.1 million and $2.6 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year period. The increase is mainly due to an additional $0.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively, generated from the digitization business line and $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of additional ARWEN<sup>®</sup> sales. The increase is due to the significant ramp-up on the Land C4ISR contract in fiscal 2025 as well as accelerated deliveries on the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line due to reduced supply chain lead-times.

*Gross Margin*

Gross margin percentage increased from 12.4% in Q3 Fiscal 2024 to 28.2% in Q3 Fiscal 2025 mainly due to the continued ramp-up and established margins being achieved from the digitization business line offset by lower margins achieved on the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line due to the difference in product mix being sold over the comparable prior year period. The ARWEN<sup>®</sup> product line was refocused around reliable suppliers as well as manufacturing agreements and improved customer satisfaction with the continued elimination of the backlog of orders and speedier order fulfilment.

*Outlook*

Management expects revenue to continue to increase as it adds additional resources to fulfill its Canadian Government Defence programs. Management continues to work closely with industry partners and prime contractors on the outlook for growth. The Company also expects revenue to increase with continued growth in the ARWEN<sup>®</sup> business including the expected demand/future orders for the new 40mm ammunition and PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products as well as the commercial launch of KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup>. Management also expects the initial order of BLDS in the quarter to result in requests for additional networked prototypes ultimately resulting in future sales orders.

*Operating Expenses ("OPEX")*

Total OPEX decreased by a negligible amount from the comparable prior year period for the three months ended June 30, 2025, and decreased $0.4 million for the nine month period ended June 30, 2025 from the comparable prior year period mainly due to:

* Sales and marketing expenses increased by $0.2 million in the three month period ended June 30, 2025 and by $0.3 million in the nine month period ended June 30, 2025 over the comparable prior year periods, due to a change in the allocation of the Chairman and CEO's costs as a result of a shift in focus to business development, specifically for ARWEN<sup>®</sup> 40mm, PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> and KWESST Lightning<sup>TM</sup>;

2 \| Page

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* Research and development expenses decreased by $0.1 million in the three month period June 30, 2025 and by $0.4 million in the nine month period ended June 30, 2025 over the comparable prior year periods, primarily due to a reduction in engineering costs related to the PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> products due to the Company now being in the commercialization stage and planning for production as compared to product development costs being incurred in the comparative prior year periods;

* Share-based compensation expenses decreased by a negligible amount and $0.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year periods due to options vesting and no additional options issued in the period:

* Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by a negligible amount and by $0.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year periods due to insignificant additions in the nine months ended June 30, 2025, with the exception of the right-of-use asset that was added in June 2025.

*Other income (expenses), net*

Total other income (expenses) decreased by $1.5 million and $3.4 million for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year period. The decrease is mainly due to:

* a $1.7 million and $1.7 million increase in the change fair value of warrant liabilities for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year periods as a result of the remeasurement of the warrant liabilities at June 30, 2025. Under IFRS, we are required to remeasure the warrant liabilities at each reporting date until they are exercised or expired;

* a $0.2 million and $0.1 million increase in the foreign exchange loss for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, over the comparable prior year periods due to the recent fluctuation in the CAD/USD exchange rate in the current period as the majority of the Company's cash is held in USD; and

* a $0.4 million decrease and $1.4 million increase for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2025, respectively, from the comparable prior year periods in share issuance costs due to the timing of financings.

***Major Highlights - Q3 Fiscal 2025***

The following is a summary of the major highlights that occurred during Q3 Fiscal 2025:

* On April 1, 2025, the Company announced the results of its special meeting of shareholders. The consolidation resolution was approved by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of common shares of the Company, either present in person or represented by proxy.

* On April 21, 2025, the Company announced that it would effect a consolidation of the Company's issued and outstanding common shares on the basis of twenty-one (21) pre-consolidation Shares for each one (1) post-consolidation Share. The Consolidation was effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time April 23, 2025, on the Nasdaq and was effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time on April 24, 2025, on the TSX Venture Exchange. While the Shares were expected to begin trading on the Nasdaq market on a consolidated basis on or around April 23, 2025, due to the discrepancy in the effective date of the consolidation on both markets, trading in the securities of the Company was halted on April 23, 2025 and resumed trading on a consolidated basis on the Nasdaq and the TSX Venture Exchange at market open on April 24, 2025.

* On May 8, 2025, the Company announced that it received a notification letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC notifying the Company that it has regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement set forth under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). The Notification Letter confirmed that the Company evidenced a closing bid price at or greater than the USD$1.00 per common share minimum requirement for 10 consecutive business days from April 24, 2025 to May 7, 2025. As a result, the listing matter has been closed.

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* On June 18, 2025, the Company announced receipt of a first order from a defense systems integrator for testing prototypes of its newest generation of the BLDS for a major North American armored vehicle program. On August 4, 2023, the Company delivered earlier versions of the BLDS technology to an overseas NATO country through a European defense integrator.

* On June 25, 2025, the Company announced that it changed its name to "DEFSEC Technologies Inc." at the opening of its expanded new facility at 80 Hines Road in Kanata North, Ottawa, Ontario. The change became official on June 30, 2025.

**Subsequent Event:**

* On July 25, 2025, the Company issued 673,084 common shares and 86,795 pre-funded warrants of the Company as part of a public offering, together with common share purchase warrants to purchase up to 759,879 common shares at a combined public offering price of $8.955 per share or pre-funded warrant and accompanying warrant for gross proceeds of $6.8 million. The warrants have an exercise price of $10.52 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and expire five years following the date of issuance.

For further information, please contact:

Jennifer Welsh, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer

<u>welsh@defsectec.com</u>

Sean Homuth, President and Chief Executive Officer

<u>homuth@defsectec.com</u>

Jason Frame, Investor Relations

+1 (587) 225-2599

<u>frame@defsectec.com</u>

**About DEFSEC**

DEFSEC (TSXV: DFSC and DFSC.WT.U; NASDAQ: DFSC and DFSCW; FSE: 62U2) develops and commercializes breakthrough next-generation tactical systems for military and security forces. The company's current portfolio of offerings includes digitization of tactical forces for real-time shared situational awareness and targeting information from any source (including drones) streamed directly to users' smart devices and weapons. Other DEFSEC products include countermeasures against threats such as electronic detection, lasers and drones. These systems can operate stand-alone or integrate seamlessly with OEM products and battlefield management systems, and all come integrated with TAK. The company also has a new proprietary non-lethal product line branded PARA SHOT<sup>TM</sup> with applications across all segments of the non-lethal market, including law enforcement. The Company is headquartered in Ottawa, Canada, with representative offices in London, UK and Abu Dhabi, UAE.

**Forward-Looking Statements**

*This press release contains "forward-looking statements" and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of Canadian and United States securities laws (collectively, "forward-looking statements"), which may be identified by the use of terms and phrases such as "may", "would", "should", "could", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "plan", "foresee", "believe", or "continue", the negative of these terms and similar terminology, including references to assumptions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these terms and phrases. Forward-looking statements are provided for the purpose of assisting the reader in understanding us, our business, operations, prospects and risks at a point in time in the context of historical and possible future developments and therefore the reader is cautioned that such information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current expectations of DEFSEC's management and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties.* 

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*Although DEFSEC's management believes that the assumptions underlying such forward-looking statements are reasonable, they may prove to be incorrect. The forward-looking statements discussed in this press release may not occur by certain specified dates or at all and could differ materially as a result of known and unknown risk factors and uncertainties affecting DEFSEC, including DEFSEC's inability to secure contracts and subcontracts (on the timelines, size and scale expected or at all), statements of work and orders for its products in 2025 and onwards for reasons beyond its control, the renewal or extension of agreements beyond their original term, the granting of patents applied for by DEFSEC, inability to finance the scale up to full commercial production levels for its physical products, inability to secure key partnership agreements to facilitate the outsourcing and logistics for its ARWEN*<sup>*®*</sup> *and PARA SHOT*<sup>*TM*</sup> *products, inability to commercialize DEFSEC's next generation Battlefield Laser Detection System, inability to secure or complete the execution of government contracts, inability to drive growth in DEFSEC's ARWEN*<sup>®</sup> *product line, inability to advance the commercialization of DEFSEC's PARA SHOT*<sup>*TM*</sup> *products, delay or inability to launch DEFSEC's Lightning SaaS offering, lower than expected or delayed demand for DEFSEC's BLDS, overall interest in DEFSEC's products being lower than anticipated or expected; general economic and stock market conditions; a stagnation or decrease in North American defense and public safety spending, adverse industry events; future legislative and regulatory developments in Canada, the United States and elsewhere; the inability of DEFSEC to implement and execute its business strategies; risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in DEFSEC's filings with the Canadian Security Administrators and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and many other factors beyond the control of DEFSEC. Although DEFSEC has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended. Except as required by applicable securities laws, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and DEFSEC undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.*

*Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its respective Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.*

**Non-IFRS Measures**

*This news release makes reference to certain non-IFRS measures. These measures are not recognized measures under IFRS, do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Rather, these measures are provided as additional information to complement those IFRS measures by providing further understanding of our results of operations from management's perspective. Accordingly, these measures should not be considered in isolation nor as a substitute for analysis of our financial information reported under IFRS.*

*The non-IFRS measure used in this news release includes "Adjusted EBITDA". The Company calculates Adjusted EBITDA as a sum of revenue, cost of goods sold, general and administrative expense, sales and marketing expense, and research and development expense as determined by management. Adjusted EBITDA is provided to assist readers in determining the ability of the Company to generate cash from operations and to cover financial charges. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors as it is an important indicator of an issuer's ability to generate liquidity through cash flow from operating activities and equity accounted investees. Adjusted EBITDA is also used by investors and analysts for assessing financial performance and for the purpose of valuing an issuer, including calculating financial and leverage ratios. The most directly comparable financial measure that is disclosed in the financial statements of the Company to which the non-IFRS measure relates is operating loss.*

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