# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001499961
**File Stem:** 0001829126-25-004198
**Filing Date:** 2025-6
**Character Count:** 47168
**Document Hash:** 207fefe56dee783c6000e84b0e1d1760
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001829126-25-004198.hdr.sgml**: 20250603

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001829126-25-004198

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: S-8

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 6

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20250603

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20250603

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20250603

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** MULLEN AUTOMOTIVE INC.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001499961
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** MOTOR VEHICLES & PASSENGER CAR BODIES [3711]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 04 Manufacturing
- **EIN:** 901025599
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 0930

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** S-8
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-287756
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251021088

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1405 PIONEER STREET
- **CITY:** BREA
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 92821
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 7146131900

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1405 PIONEER STREET
- **CITY:** BREA
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 92821

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Net Element, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20131206

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Net Element International, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20121002

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Cazador Acquisition Corp Ltd.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20100825

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 3, 2025**

**Registration No. 333-** 

**UNITED STATES<br>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**<br>**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM S-8**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933**

**MULLEN AUTOMOTIVE INC.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **86-3289406** |
| (State or other jurisdiction of<br>incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.) |

---

**1405 Pioneer Street**

**Brea, California 92821**

(Address of principal executive offices)

**Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended**

**2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement**

**2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement** 

(Full title of the plan)

**David Michery**

**President and Chief Executive Officer**

**1405 Pioneer St**

**Brea, CA 92821**

**(714) 613-1900**

(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

**With copies to:**

**Katherine J. Blair**

**Jones Day**

**555 South Flower Street, 50th Floor**

**Los Angeles, CA 90071-2300**

**(213) 489-3939**

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ <br> Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒ <br> Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

**EXPLANATORY NOTE**

**Amendment to 2022 Equity Incentive Plan**

This Registration Statement on Form S-8 is being filed by Mullen Automotive Inc. (the "**Company**" or "**Registrant**") for the purpose of registering additional shares of the Registrant's common stock, $0.001 par value (the "**Common Stock**"), issuable pursuant to an amendment (the "**Amendment**") to the Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the "**2022 Plan**"), approved at the Company's Special Meeting of Stockholders held on May 21, 2025.

**Post Reverse Stock Split - 2022 Equity Incentive Plan**

This Registration Statement on Form S-8 is also being filed by the Company as a result of the proportionately reduced number of shares registered due to the Reverse Stock Split (as defined below). The Registrant previously filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-286499) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**Commission**") on April 11, 2025, registering 18,597,079 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the 2022 Plan. Pursuant to the terms of the Company's 2022 Plan, shares available for grant under the 2022 Plan are not subject to adjustment for any decrease or increase in the number shares of Common Stock resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, combination, reclassification, the payment of a stock dividend on the Common Stock or any other decrease in the number of such shares of Common Stock effected without receipt of consideration by the Company. On June 2, 2025, the Registrant effectuated a 1-for-100 reverse stock split (the "**Reverse Stock Split**") of its Common Stock. Pursuant to Rule 416(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, if prior to completion of the distribution of the securities covered by a registration statement, all the securities of a class which includes the registered securities are combined by a reverse split into a lesser amount of securities of the same class, the amount of undistributed securities of such class deemed to be covered by the registration statement shall be proportionately reduced.

Accordingly, as a result of the Reverse Stock Split, this Registration Statement on Form S-8 is being filed to register additional shares of Common Stock that are issuable pursuant to the 2022 Plan.

Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement is being filed for the purpose of registering additional securities of the same class as other securities for which a Registration Statement of the Company on Form S-8 relating to the 2022 Plan, is effective, and the Company's Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-266787, 333-267417, 333-274113, 333-276539, 333-282274, 333-285053, 333-286129 and 333-286499) previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**Commission**") on [August 11, 2022](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922089383/tm2222641d1_s8.htm), [September 14, 2022](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922100052/tm2225731d1_s8.htm), [August 21, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923093799/tm2323628d1_s8.htm), [January 17, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465924004313/tm243321d1_s8.htm), [September 20, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006391/mullenautomotive_s8.htm),[February 19, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001101/mullenautomotive_s8.htm), [March 26, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625002079/mullenautomotive_s8.htm) and [April 11, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625002601/mullenautomotive_s8.htm), respectively, registering shares of Common Stock issuable under the 2022 Plan are incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement, except as supplemented by the information set forth below.

**<u>Performance Stock Award Agreements</u>**

This Registration Statement is also being filed for the purpose of registering:

(i) additional shares of Common Stock that may be
 issuable to David Michery, Chief Executive Officer and founder of the Registrant, based on the achievement of certain remaining
 milestones and subject to the terms and conditions under the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated May 5, 2022, between the
 Registrant and Mr. Michery and approved by the stockholders of the Registrant on July 26, 2022 (as may be amended from time to time,
 the "**2022 PSA** "). Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement is being filed for
 the purpose of registering additional securities of the same class as other securities for which a Registration Statement of the
 Company on Form S-8 relating to the 2022 PSA is effective, and the Company's Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos.
 333-266787, 333-267417, 333-274113, 333-276539, 333-282274 and 333-285053) previously filed with the Commission on [August 11, 2022](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922089383/tm2222641d1_s8.htm) , [September 14, 2022](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922100052/tm2225731d1_s8.htm) , [August 21, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923093799/tm2323628d1_s8.htm) , [January 17, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465924004313/tm243321d1_s8.htm) , [September 20, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006391/mullenautomotive_s8.htm) , and [February 19, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001101/mullenautomotive_s8.htm) , respectively, registering shares of Common Stock issuable under the 2022 PSA are
 incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement, except as supplemented by the information set forth below; and

(ii) additional shares of Common Stock that may be issuable to David Michery, Chief Executive Officer and founder of the Registrant, based on the achievement of certain remaining milestones and subject to the terms and conditions under the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated June 8, 2023, between the Registrant and Mr. Michery and approved by the stockholders of the Registrant on August 3, 2023 (as may be amended from time to time, the "**2023 PSA** "). Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement is being filed for the purpose of registering additional securities of the same class as other securities for which a Registration Statement of the Company on Form S-8 relating to the 2023 PSA is effective, and the Company's Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-274113, 333-276539, 333-282274 and 333-285053) previously filed with the Commission on [August 21, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923093799/tm2323628d1_s8.htm) , [January 17, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465924004313/tm243321d1_s8.htm) , [September 20, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006391/mullenautomotive_s8.htm) , and [February 19, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001101/mullenautomotive_s8.htm) , respectively, registering shares of Common Stock issuable under the 2023 PSA are incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement, except as supplemented by the information set forth below.

**PART II**

**INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.**

The Registrant hereby incorporates by reference into this Registration Statement the following documents filed by it with the Commission:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) [The Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, as filed with the Commission on January 24, 2025 ("2024 10-K");](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000143774925001816/muln20240930_10k.htm)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) The Registrant's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, as filed with the Commission on [February 19, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000143774925004413/muln20241231_10q.htm) and [May 20, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000143774925017812/muln20250331_10q.htm) , respectively ;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Registrant's Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on [October 6, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923107506/tm2327946d1_8k.htm) , [October 18, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023016505/muln-20231016x8k.htm) , [October 27, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923112240/tm2326627d2_8k.htm) , [November 1, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923113446/tm2326627d4_8k.htm) , [November 17, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923119605/tm2330067d1_8ka.htm) (Form 8-K/A), [December 1, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923122896/tm2331919d1_8k.htm) , [December 21, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923127835/tm2333336d1_8k.htm) , [December 21, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923128288/tm2333336d2_8ka.htm) (Form 8-K/A), [December 22, 2023](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923128894/tm2333182d1_8k.htm) , [January 24, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624000361/mullenauto_8k.htm) , [March 5, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001327/mullenauto_8k.htm) , [March 7, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [May 6, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003060/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [May 24, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624003757/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [June 6, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624003994/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [July 12, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624004763/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [August 1, 2024](http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624005151/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [August 26, 2024](http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624005824/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [August 30, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006032/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [September 13, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624006279/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [,](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624001402/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) [September 20, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006389/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [October 1, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006580/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [October 2, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006607/mullenauto_8k.htm) , [October 25, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624007010/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [October 28, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624007026/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [December 9, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624008158/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [December 13, 2024](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912624008313/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [January 2, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912625000012/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [January 22, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625000306/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [January 27, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625000408/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) (two Form 8-K filings), [February 6, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912625000768/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [February 11, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001499961/000182912625000884/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [February 18, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001069/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [February 28, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001345/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [March 7, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001573/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [March 14, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001803/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [March 20, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001936/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [April 11, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625002594/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [May 2, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003333/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [May 13, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003598/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [May 22, 2025](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003900/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) , [June 2, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625004128/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) and [June 2, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625004146/mullenautomotive_8k.htm) (two Form 8-K filings);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The description of the Registrant's Common Stock in [Exhibit 4.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000143774925001816/ex_765999.htm) to its 2024 Form 10-K and as may be further updated or amended in any amendment or report filed for such purpose; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The description of the Rights contained in [Form 8-A](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003062/mullenautomotive_8a12b.htm) filed with the SEC on May 6, 2024, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

All documents subsequently filed by the Registrant with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date hereof, and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement and to be a part thereof from the date of the filing of such documents. Any statement contained in the documents incorporated, or deemed to be incorporated, by reference herein or therein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement and the prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or therein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is, or is deemed to be, incorporated by reference herein or therein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement and the prospectus.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless specifically stated to the contrary, none of the information disclosed by the Registrant under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits under Item 9.01, that the Registrant has furnished, or may from time to time furnish, to the Commission is, or will be, incorporated by reference into, or otherwise included in, this Registration Statement.

**Item 8. Exhibits.**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit<br> Number** | **Description** |
| [4.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465921138173/tm2132610d1_ex3-2.htm) | [Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Mullen Automotive Inc., dated November 5, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 12, 2021)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465921138173/tm2132610d1_ex3-2.htm) |
| [4.1(a)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000185173422000139/ex_345446.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Mullen Automotive, Inc., dated March 8, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 10, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000185173422000139/ex_345446.htm) |
| [4.1(b)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922083189/tm2221853d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on July 26, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 27, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922083189/tm2221853d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(c)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922101204/tm2223556d2_ex4-1c.htm) | [Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1(c) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed with the Commission on September 19, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922101204/tm2223556d2_ex4-1c.htm) |
| [4.1(d)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922109393/tm2228068d2_ex4-1d.htm) | [Certificate of Mullen Automotive Inc. Increasing Number of Shares of Preferred Stock Designated as Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1(d) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed with the Commission on October 17, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922109393/tm2228068d2_ex4-1d.htm) |
| [4.1(e)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922118729/tm2230523d2_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Designation of Series AA Preferred Stock, filed November 14, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on November 14, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922118729/tm2230523d2_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(f)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923008170/tm234957d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Cancellation of Series AA Preferred Stock filed on January 30, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 31, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923008170/tm234957d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(g)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923008170/tm234957d1_ex3-2.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on January 30, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Commission on January 31, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923008170/tm234957d1_ex3-2.htm) |
| [4.1(h)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923056549/tm2314656d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on May 3, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 5, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923056549/tm2314656d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(i)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923089986/tm2323403d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on August 10, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August 11, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923089986/tm2323403d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(j)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923127835/tm2333336d1_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on December 20, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 21, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923127835/tm2333336d1_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(k)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003060/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series A-1 Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Mullen Automotive Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 6, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003060/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(l)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003994/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series E Preferred Stock of Mullen Automotive Inc. filed on May 31, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 6, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003994/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(m)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006389/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on September 16, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 20, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006389/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| [4.1(n)](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001069/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on February 14, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on February 18, 2025)](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001069/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(o)](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001803/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on April 10, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 11, 2025)](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625002594/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.1(p)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625004146/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) | [Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed on May 30, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 2, 2025)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625004146/mullenautomotive_ex3-1.htm) |
| [4.2(a)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003060/mullenautomotive_ex4-1.htm) | [Rights Agreement dated as of May 1, 2024, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent, which includes as Exhibit B and Exhibit C the Form of Common Rights Certificate and the Form of Preferred Rights Certificate, respectively (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 6, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624003060/mullenautomotive_ex4-1.htm) |
| [4.2(b)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625000754/mullenautomotive_ex4-2a.htm) | [First Amendment to Rights Agreement dated February 5, 2025 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on February 11, 2025)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625000754/mullenautomotive_ex4-2a.htm) |
| [4.2(c)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003333/mullenautomotive_ex4-1.htm) | [Second Amendment to Rights Agreement dated April 29, 2025 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 2, 2025)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003333/mullenautomotive_ex4-1.htm) |
| [4.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837024000312/muln-20230930xex3d2.htm) | [Amended and Restated Bylaws of Mullen Automotive Inc., as of November 30, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Commission on January 17, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837024000312/muln-20230930xex3d2.htm) |
| [5.1](mullenautomotive_ex5-1.htm) | [Opinion of Jones Day](mullenautomotive_ex5-1.htm) |
| [23.1](mullenautomotive_ex23-1.htm) | [Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (RBSM LLP)](mullenautomotive_ex23-1.htm) |
| [23.2](mullenautomotive_ex5-1.htm) | [Consent of Jones Day (included in Exhibit 5.1)](mullenautomotive_ex5-1.htm) |
| [24](#poa) | [Power of Attorney (contained on signature page hereto)](#poa) |
| [99.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922074001/tm2218156-4_def14a.htm) | [Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement (Schedule 14A) filed with the Commission on June 24, 2022)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465922074001/tm2218156-4_def14a.htm) |
| [99.1(a)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923087948/tm2322882d1_ex10-1.htm) | [Amendment to Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August 7, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000110465923087948/tm2322882d1_ex10-1.htm) |
| [99.1(b)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006279/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) | [Amendment to Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 13, 2024)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912624006279/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) |
| [99.1(c)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001803/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) | [Amendment to Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 14, 2025)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625001803/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) |
| [99.1(d)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003900/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) | [Amendment to Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 22, 2025)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000182912625003900/mullenautomotive_ex10-1.htm) |
| [99.1(e)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2a.htm) | [Form of Stock Option Agreement under 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(a) to the Company's Form 10-K filed with the Commission on January 13, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2a.htm) |
| [99.1(f)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2b.htm) | [Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(b) to the Company's Form 10-K filed with the Commission on January 13, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2b.htm) |
| [99.1(g)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2c.htm) | [Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(c) to the Company's Form 10-K filed with the Commission on January 13, 2023)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1499961/000155837023000273/muln-20220930xex10d2c.htm) |
| [107](mullenautomotive_ex107.htm) | [Filing Fee Table](mullenautomotive_ex107.htm) |

---

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Brea, State of California, on the 2<sup>nd</sup> day of June, 2025.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Mullen Automotive Inc.** | **Mullen Automotive Inc.** | **Mullen Automotive Inc.** |
| By: | /s/ David Michery | /s/ David Michery |
|  | Name: | David Michery |
|  | Title: | Chief Executive Officer and President |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

We, the undersigned officers and directors of Mullen Automotive Inc., a Delaware corporation, do hereby constitute and appoint David Michery and Jonathan New, each of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution for him in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Name and Signature** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ David Michery | President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | June 2, 2025 |
| David Michery | (Principal Executive Officer) |  |
| /s/ Jonathan New | Chief Financial Officer | June 2, 2025 |
| Jonathan New | (Principal Financial Officer) |  |
| /s/ Chester Bragado | Chief Accounting Officer | June 2, 2025 |
| Chester Bragado | (Principal Accounting Officer) |  |
| /s/ Mary Winter | Secretary and Director | June 2, 2025 |
| Mary Winter |  |  |
| /s/ William Miltner | Director | June 2, 2025 |
| William Miltner |  |  |
| /s/ John Andersen | Director | June 2, 2025 |
| John Andersen |  |  |
| /s/ Ignacio Nova | Director | June 2, 2025 |
| Ignacio Novoa |  |  |
| /s/ Kent Puckett | Director | June 2, 2025 |
| Kent Puckett |  |  |
| /s/ Mark Betor | Director | June 2, 2025 |
| Mark Betor |  |  |

---

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

![](ex5-1_001.jpg)

555 South Flower Street • Fiftieth Floor • Los Angeles, California 90071.2452

Telephone: +1.213.489.3939 • jonesday.com

June 3, 2025

Mullen Automotive Inc.<br> 1405 Pioneer Street

Brea, California 92821

Re: <u>Registration Statement on Form S-8 Filed by Mullen Automotive Inc.</u>

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel for Mullen Automotive Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "<u>Company</u>"), in connection with the registration of (i) an aggregate of 22,662,598 shares (the "<u>Shares</u>") of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (the "<u>Common Stock</u>"), consisting of (a) 22,412,598 Shares issuable under the Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the "<u>Plan</u>"), (b) an additional 50,000 Shares that may be issued pursuant to the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated May 5, 2022, between the Company and David Michery (the "<u>2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement</u>") and (c) an additional 200,000 Shares that may be issued pursuant to the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated June 8, 2023, between the Company and David Michery (the "<u>2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement</u>"), and (ii) the associated preferred stock purchase rights which may be issued to holders of the Shares (the "<u>Rights</u>" and, together with the Shares, the "<u>Securities</u>").

In connection with the opinions expressed herein, we have examined such documents, records and matters of law as we have deemed relevant or necessary for purposes of such opinion. Based on the foregoing, and subject to the further limitations, qualifications and assumptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:

1. The Shares that may be issued or delivered and sold pursuant to the 2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement,
the 2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement and the Plan and the authorized forms of stock option, performance stock unit, restricted stock
unit or other applicable award agreements under the Plan (the " <u>Award Agreements</u> ") will be, when issued or delivered
and sold in accordance with the 2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement, the 2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement or the Plan and the
Award Agreements, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, provided that the consideration for the Shares is at least equal to the
stated par value thereof.

2. The Rights, when issued in accordance with the Rights Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2024, between the
Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent (as amended, the " <u>Rights Agreement</u> "), will
constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company.

As to facts material to the opinions and assumptions expressed herein, we have relied upon oral or written statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Company and others.

The opinions expressed herein are limited to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the laws of the State of New York, in each case as currently in effect, and we express no opinion as to the effect of the laws of any other jurisdiction. In addition, we have assumed that the resolutions authorizing the Company to issue or deliver and sell (i) the Shares pursuant to the 2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement, the 2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement or the Plan and the Award Agreements and (ii) the Rights pursuant to the Rights Agreement will be in full force and effect at all times at which the Securities are issued or delivered and sold by the Company, and that the Company will take no action inconsistent with such resolutions.

AMSTERDAM • ATLANTA • BEIJING • BOSTON • BRISBANE • BRUSSELS • CHICAGO • CLEVELAND • COLUMBUS • DALLAS DETROIT • DUBAI • DÜSSELDORF • FRANKFURT • HONG KONG • HOUSTON • IRVINE • LONDON • LOS ANGELES • MADRID MELBOURNE • MEXICO CITY • MIAMI • MILAN • MINNEAPOLIS • MUNICH • NEW YORK • PARIS • PERTH • PITTSBURGH SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SÃO PAULO • SHANGHAI • SILICON VALLEY • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TAIPEI • TOKYO • WASHINGTON

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Mullen Automotive Inc.<br>June 3, 2025<br>Page 2 | ![](ex5-1_001.jpg) |

---

In rendering the opinions above, we have assumed that each award under the 2022 Performance Stock Award Agreement, the 2023 Performance Stock Award Agreement, and the Plan will be approved by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "<u>Board</u>") or an authorized committee of the Board.

In rendering the opinion set forth in paragraph 2 above, we have also assumed that (i) the Company's Board has acted and will act in accordance with its fiduciary duties with respect to the authorization, execution, delivery and administration of the Rights Agreement and the issuance and administration of the Rights and (ii) the Rights Agreement constitutes a valid and binding obligation of each party thereto other than the Company. It should be understood that (x) the Rights, by their terms, are subject under certain circumstances to becoming void in the hands of certain holders or purported transferees, (y) our opinion addresses the Rights and the Rights Agreement in their entirety and does not address the validity or binding effect of any particular provision of the Rights or the Rights Agreement, and (z) the effect, if any, that the invalidity of any particular provision of the Rights Agreement or the Rights might have on any other provision, or the entirety, of the Rights Agreement or the Rights is not settled under applicable law and could be affected by the facts and circumstances existing at the time of any adjudication of the issue. It should also be understood that our opinion does not address the substance or consequences of any determination that a court of competent jurisdiction may make regarding whether the Company's Board would be required to redeem or terminate, or take other action with respect to, the Rights Agreement or the Rights at some future time based on the facts and circumstances existing at that time.

The opinions expressed herein are limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent transfer and fraudulent conveyance, voidable preference, moratorium or other similar laws and related regulations and judicial doctrines from time to time in effect relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally, and by general equitable principles and public policy considerations, whether such principles and considerations are considered in a proceeding at law or at equity.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed by the Company to effect the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "<u>Act</u>"). In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are included in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated thereunder.

---

| |
|:---|
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ Jones Day |

---

## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![](ex23-1_001.jpg) | **101 Larkspur Landing Circle,**<br> **Suite 321**<br> **Larkspur, CA 94939**<br>**www.rbsmllp.com** |

---

**CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM**

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated January 24, 2025, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Mullen Automotive Inc. as of and for the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (which report includes an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern).

/s/ RBSM LLP

RBSM, LLP

Larkspur, California

June 3, 2025

## Ex-Filing

**Exhibit 107**

**Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**

<u>Form S-8</u>

**<u>Mullen Automotive Inc</u>**.

Table 1: Newly Registered Securities

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Security Type** | **Security<br> Class Title** | **Fee<br>Calculation<br>Rule** | **Amount to<br>be<br>Registered<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Proposed<br>Maximum<br>Offering<br>Price Per<br>Share<sup>(2)</sup>** | **Maximum<br>Aggregate<br>Offering Price** | **Fee Rate** | **Amount of<br>Registration Fee** |
| Equity<sup>(3)</sup> | Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share | Other | 22412598<sup>(4)</sup> | $5.63 | $126182926.74 | $0.00015310 | $19318.61 |
| Equity<sup>(3)</sup> | Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share | Other | 50000<sup>(5)</sup> | $5.63 | $281500.00 | $0.00015310 | $43.10 |
| Equity<sup>(3)</sup> | Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share | Other | 200000<sup>(6)</sup> | $5.63 | $1126000.00 | $0.00015310 | $172.39 |
| **Total Offering Amounts** |  |  |  |  |  |  | $19534.09 |
| **Total Fees Previously Paid** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| **Total Fee Offsets** |  |  |  |  |  |  | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net Fee Due** |  |  |  |  |  |  | $19534.09 |

---

**Offering Note**

(1) Pursuant to Rule 416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this Registration Statement shall cover any additional shares of the Registrant's common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the "Common Stock"), that become issuable by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction effected without receipt of consideration that increases the number of the Registrant's outstanding shares of Common Stock.

(2) Proposed maximum offering price per unit estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee. Pursuant to Rule 457(c) and Rule 457(h) under the Securities Act, the proposed maximum offering price per unit and maximum aggregate offering price are based on the reported average of the high and low prices of the Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq on June 2, 2025 (rounded up to the nearest cent).

(3) This Registration also relates to the rights to purchase shares of Series A-1 Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Registrant (the "Rights"), which are attached to all shares of Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement, dated May 1, 2024, as amended. Until the occurrence of prescribed events, the Rights are not exercisable. The Rights are appurtenant to and trade with the Common Stock and no separate consideration will be received for the Rights. Therefore, the registration fee for the Rights is included in the fee for the Common Stock.

(4) Includes 15,000,000 shares of Common Stock available for grant under the Mullen Automotive Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2022 Plan"). These shares are being registered pursuant to an amendment to the 2022 Plan, which was approved by the stockholders of the Company at the Special Meeting of Stockholders held on May 21, 2025. Also includes 7,412,598 shares of Common Stock being registered as a result of the proportionate reduction of the number of shares previously registered due to the 1-for-100 reverse stock split effectuated on June 2, 2025.

(5) Represents additional shares of Common Stock that may be issuable pursuant to the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated May 5, 2022.

(6) Represents additional shares of Common Stock that may be issuable pursuant to the Performance Stock Award Agreement, dated June 8, 2023.