# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0000924168
**File Stem:** 0001628280-26-033901
**Filing Date:** 2026-5
**Character Count:** 125031
**Document Hash:** bce41a4c35110be77bc2d3770b3b4d57
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001628280-26-033901.hdr.sgml**: 20260512

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001628280-26-033901

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 10-Q

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 83

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20260331

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260512

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260512

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** ENERGY FOCUS, INC/DE
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0000924168
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** ELECTRIC LIGHTING & WIRING EQUIPMENT [3640]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 04 Manufacturing
- **EIN:** 943021850
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** OH
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 10-Q
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-36583
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26966085

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 32000 AURORA ROAD
- **STREET 2:** SUITE B
- **CITY:** SOLON
- **STATE:** OH
- **ZIP:** 44139
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 4407151300

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 32000 AURORA ROAD
- **STREET 2:** SUITE B
- **CITY:** SOLON
- **STATE:** OH
- **ZIP:** 44139

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** FIBERSTARS INC /CA/
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 19940527

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? efoi-20260331

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, DC 20549**

**Form 10-Q** 

☒ **QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934**

**For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026** 

**OR**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ☐ | **TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934** |
| | **For the transition period from _____________ to _____________** |

---

**&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;** 

**Commission file number 001-36583** 

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.** 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **94-3021850** |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| **32000 Aurora Road, Suite B Solon, OH** | **32000 Aurora Road, Suite B Solon, OH** |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Address of principal executive offices) |
| **44139** | **44139** |
| (Zip Code) | (Zip Code) |
| (Registrant's telephone number, including area code): (440) 715-1300 | (Registrant's telephone number, including area code): (440) 715-1300 |
| (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) | (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |

---

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Title of each class** | **Trading<br>Symbol(s)** | **Name of each exchange<br>on which registered** |
| **Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share** | **EFOI** | **The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC** |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☑ | Smaller reporting company | ☑ |
| | | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No ☑

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant's common stock, $0.0001 par value, as of May 12, 2026 was 6,303,433.

------

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION** | **PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION** | **PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION** | **PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION** |
| | | | **Page** |
| ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | |
| | a. | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2026 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2025  | <u>[4](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_16)</u> |
| | b. | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (Unaudited) | <u>[6](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_19)</u> |
| | c. | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (Unaudited) | <u>[7](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_25)</u> |
| | d. | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (Unaudited) | <u>[8](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_31)</u> |
| | e. | Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | <u>[10](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_43)</u> |
| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | <u>[27](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_82)</u> |
| ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | <u>[34](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_127)</u> |
| ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | <u>[34](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_130)</u> |
| **PART II - OTHER INFORMATION** | **PART II - OTHER INFORMATION** | **PART II - OTHER INFORMATION** | **PART II - OTHER INFORMATION** |
| ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_136)</u> |
| ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS | RISK FACTORS | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_139)</u> |
| ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_142)</u> |
| ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_145)</u> |
| ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_148)</u> |
| ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION | OTHER INFORMATION | <u>[35](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_151)</u> |
| ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS | EXHIBITS | <u>[36](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_154)</u> |
| | SIGNATURES | SIGNATURES | <u>[38](#i4338eabcdc5548fa80b9f06855e900e8_157)</u> |

---

------

***Forward-looking statements***

*Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to "Energy Focus," "we," "us," "our," "our company," or "the Company" refer to Energy Focus, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiary for the applicable periods, considered as a single enterprise.*

*This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this "Quarterly Report") includes statements that express our opinions, expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or projections regarding future events or future results and therefore are, or may be deemed to be, "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms "believes," "estimates," "anticipates," "expects," "feels," "seeks," "forecasts," "projects," "intends," "plans," "may," "will," "should," "could" or "would" or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. They appear in a number of places throughout this Quarterly Report and include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs, or current expectations concerning, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, prospects, growth, strategies, capital expenditures, and the industry in which we operate.*

*By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. Although we base these forward-looking statements on assumptions that we believe are reasonable when made in light of information currently available to us, we caution you that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and industry developments may differ materially from statements made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report. In addition, even if our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and industry developments are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.*

*We believe that important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties outlined under "Risk Factors" under Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and other matters described in this Quarterly Report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission generally. Some of these factors include:*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our need for and ability to obtain additional financing in the near term, on acceptable terms or at all, to continue our operations;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to maintain compliance with the continued listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market ("Nasdaq");*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to realize synergies with our strategic investor;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• instability in the U.S. and global economies and business interruptions experienced by us, our customers and our suppliers;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• the competitiveness and market acceptance of our light-emitting diode ("LED") lighting and control technologies and products;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to compete effectively against companies with lower prices or cost structures, greater resources, or more rapid development capabilities, and new competitors in our target markets;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to extend our product portfolio into new applications and end markets;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to increase demand in our targeted markets and to manage sales cycles that are difficult to predict and may span several quarters;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *the timing of large customer orders, significant expenses and fluctuations between demand and capacity as we manage inventory and invest in growth opportunities;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to successfully scale our network of sales representatives, agents, distributors and other channel partners to compete with the sales reach of larger, established competitors;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to implement plans to increase sales and control expenses;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our reliance on a limited number of customers for a significant portion of our revenue, and our ability to maintain or grow such sales levels;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our ability to add new customers to reduce customer concentration;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to attract and retain a new chief financial officer;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to manage the size of our workforce while continuing to attract, develop and retain qualified personnel, and to do so in a timely manner;*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to diversify our reliance on a limited number of third-party suppliers and development partners, our ability to manage third-party product development and obtain critical components and finished products on acceptable terms and of acceptable quality despite ongoing global supply chain challenges, and the impact of our fluctuating demand on the stability of such suppliers;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to timely, efficiently and cost-effectively transport products from our third-party suppliers by ocean marine and other logistics channels despite global supply chain and logistics disruptions;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *the impact of any type of legal inquiry, claim or dispute;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *the macro-economic conditions, including rising interest rates and recessionary trends, in the United States and in other markets in which we operate or secure products, which could affect our ability to obtain raw materials, component parts, freight, energy, labor, and sourced finished goods in a timely and cost-effective manner;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our dependence on military maritime customers and on the levels and timing of government funding available to such customers, as well as the funding resources of our other customers in the public sector and commercial markets;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *business interruptions resulting from geopolitical actions such as war and terrorism, natural disasters, including earthquakes, typhoons, floods and fires, or from health epidemics or pandemics or other contagious outbreaks;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our ability to respond to new lighting and control technologies and market trends;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• our ability to fulfill our warranty obligations with safe and reliable products;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *any delays we may encounter in making new products available or fulfilling customer specifications;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *any flaws or defects in our products or in the manner in which they are used or installed;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our ability to protect our intellectual property rights and other confidential information, and manage infringement claims by others;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our compliance with government contracting laws and regulations, through both direct and indirect sale channels, as well as other laws, such as those relating to the environment and health and safety;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *risks inherent in international markets, such as economic and political uncertainty, changing regulatory and tax requirements and currency fluctuations, including tariffs and other potential barriers to international trade;*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*• the impact of recently imposed or potential future global trade policies, including tariffs, could increase costs and disrupt our supply chain, adversely affecting our operations and profitability; and*

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• *our ability to maintain effective internal controls and otherwise comply with our obligations as a public company.*

*In light of the foregoing, we caution you not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement that we make in this Quarterly Report speaks only as of the date of such statement, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments, except as required by law. Comparisons of results for current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends or indications of future performance, unless specifically expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data. Furthermore, new risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us.*

*Energy Focus*<sup>®</sup>*,* *Intellitube*<sup>®</sup>*, and RedCap*<sup>®</sup> *are our registered trademarks. We may also refer to trademarks of other corporations and organizations in this document.*

------

**PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION** 

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS**

***(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)***

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31,<br>2026**<br>**<u>(Unaudited)</u>** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| **ASSETS** | | |
| **Current assets:** | | |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash | $1126 | $1064 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Trade accounts receivable, less allowances of $17 and $33, respectively | 487 | 526 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Inventories, net | 3694 | 2930 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepayments to vendors | 15 | 3 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid and other current assets | 211 | 126 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total current assets** | 5533 | 4649 |
| Property and equipment, net | 89 | 97 |
| Operating lease, right-of-use asset | 175 | 207 |
| Advance for investment in joint venture | 155 | 156 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total assets** | $5952 | $5109 |
| **LIABILITIES** |  |  |
| **Current liabilities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable | $162 | $158 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable - related party | 1314 | 386 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued liabilities | 136 | 56 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued legal and professional fees | 71 | 44 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued payroll and related benefits | 52 | 47 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued sales commissions | 1 | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued warranty reserve | 62 | 91 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | 145 | 139 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total current liabilities** | 1943 | 922 |

---

*(continued on the next page)*

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS**

***(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)***

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31,<br>2026**<br>**<u>(Unaudited)</u>** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | 40 | 78 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total liabilities** | 1983 | 1000 |
| **STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY** |  |  |
| *Preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share:* |  |  |
| Authorized: 5,000,000 shares (3,300,000 designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025  |  |  |
| Issued and outstanding: 876,447 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 |  |  |
| *Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share:* |  |  |
| Authorized: 50,000,000 shares as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 |  |  |
| Issued and outstanding: 6,303,433 as of March 31, 2026 and 6,306,433 as of December 31, 2025 | 1 | 1 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 160035 | 160035 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3) | (3) |
| Accumulated deficit | (156064) | (155924) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total stockholders' equity** | 3969 | 4109 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total liabilities and stockholders' equity** | $5952 | $5109 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS**

***(in thousands, except per share amounts)***

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**(Unaudited)** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Net sales** | $949 | $616 |
| Cost of sales | 728 | 422 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Gross profit** | 221 | 194 |
| **Operating expenses:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Product development | 76 | 50 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selling, general, and administrative | 286 | 412 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total operating expenses** | 362 | 462 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Loss from operations** | (141) | (268) |
| **Other expenses (income):** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest income | (1) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net loss** | $(140) | $(268) |
| **Net loss per common share - basic and diluted** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss | $(0.02) | $(0.05) |
| **Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Basic and diluted | 6248 | 5266 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY** 

***(in thousands)***

**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Preferred<br>Stock** | **Preferred<br>Stock** | **Common<br>Stock** | **Common<br>Stock** | **Additional<br>Paid-in<br>Capital** | **Accumulated<br>Other<br>Comprehensive Loss** | **Accumulated<br>Deficit** | **Total<br>Stockholders'<br>Equity** |
| | **<u>Shares</u>** | **<u>Amount</u>** | **<u>Shares</u>** | **<u>Amount</u>** | | | | |
| **Balance at December 31, 2025** | 876 | $— | 6306 | $1 | $160035 | $(3) | $(155924) | $4109 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net change in shares related to stock-based compensation |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2026 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (140) | (140) |
| **Balance at March 31, 2026** | 876 | $— | 6303 | $1 | $160035 | $(3) | $(156064) | $3969 |

---

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Preferred<br>Stock** | **Preferred<br>Stock** | **Common<br>Stock** | **Common<br>Stock** | **Additional<br>Paid-in<br>Capital** | **Accumulated<br>Other<br>Comprehensive<br>Loss** | **Accumulated<br>Deficit** | **Total<br>Stockholders'<br>Equity** |
| | **<u>Shares</u>** | **<u>Amount</u>** | **<u>Shares</u>** | **<u>Amount</u>** | | | | |
| **Balance at December 31, 2024** | 876 | $— | 5261 | $1 | $157814 | $(3) | $(154897) | $2915 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Issuance of common stock |  |  | 103 |  | 200 |  |  | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  | (4) |  |  | (4) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (268) | (268) |
| **Balance at March 31, 2025** | 876 | $— | 5364 | $1 | $158010 | $(3) | $(155165) | $2843 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS**

***(in thousands)***

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Cash flows from operating activities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss | $(140) | $(268) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign exchange loss | 6 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation | 8 | 9 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based compensation |  | (4) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Provision for credit losses and sales return | (17) | (7) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Provision for slow-moving and obsolete inventories | 73 | 14 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Provision for warranties | (29) | (33) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Changes in operating assets and liabilities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts receivable | 58 | 223 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Inventories | (837) | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepayments to vendors | (12) | (213) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid and other assets | (85) | 16 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable | 4 | (63) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable - related party | 928 | 43 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued and other liabilities | 112 | (5) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total adjustments | 209 | (4) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities** | 69 | (272) |
| **Cash flows from investing activities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Acquisitions of property and equipment |  | (5) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net cash used in investing activities** |  | (5) |

---

*(continued on next page)*

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS**

***(in thousands)***

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Cash flows from financing activities:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Issuance of common stock |  | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net cash provided by financing activities** |  | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (7) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net increase (decrease) in cash | 62 | (77) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash beginning of period | 1064 | 565 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Cash end of period** | $1126 | $488 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS**

Energy Focus, Inc. (the "Company") engages primarily in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing and sale of energy-efficient lighting systems and controls. We develop, market and sell high quality light-emitting diode ("LED") lighting and controls products in the commercial market and military maritime market ("MMM"). Our mission is to enable our customers to run their facilities with greater energy efficiency, productivity, and increased human health and wellness through advanced LED retrofit solutions. Our goal is to be the human wellness lighting and LED technology and market leader for the most demanding applications where performance, quality, value, environmental impact and health are considered paramount. We specialize in LED lighting retrofit by replacing fluorescent, high-intensity discharge lighting and other types of lamps in institutional buildings for primarily indoor lighting applications with our innovative, high-quality commercial and military-grade tubular LED ("TLED") products, as well as other LED and lighting control products for commercial applications. We are also evaluating adjacent technologies including Gallium Nitride ("GaN") based power supplies and additional market opportunities for energy solution products that support sustainability in our existing channels.

**NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES**

**Basis of presentation**

The significant accounting policies of our Company, which are summarized below, are consistent with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") and reflect practices appropriate to the business in which we operate. Unless indicated otherwise, the information in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements relates to our operations.

We have prepared the accompanying financial data for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The interim results for the period ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected through December 31, 2026. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. The accompanying financial data and information should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 ("2025 Annual Report"). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2025 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

*Going Concern and Nasdaq Continued Listing Requirements Compliance*

Due to our financial performance as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, including net losses of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $1.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, and cash provided by operating activities of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and cash used in operating activities of $1.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, we determined that substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern continues to exist at March 31, 2026. As a result of restructuring actions and initiatives, we have tailored our operating expenses to be more in line with our expected sales volumes; however, we continue to incur losses and have a substantial accumulated deficit.

In addition, on April 3, 2026, the Company entered into agreements related to a joint venture investment in Japan under which its total expected investment commitment for a 35% ownership interest is approximately $1.1 million. As of May 12, 2026, the Company has invested approximately $535 thousand toward this commitment, with the remaining balance of approximately $565 thousand expected to be funded during project development. This expected funding requirement may further heighten the Company's near-term liquidity needs and reinforces the importance of obtaining additional capital and executing its operating plans.

Additionally, global supply chain and logistics constraints and the ongoing evolution of international trade policies are impacting our inventory purchasing strategy, as we seek to manage both shortages of available components and longer lead times in obtaining components while pursuing cost-effectiveness measures to enhance profitability. As a result, we will continue to review and pursue selected external funding sources to ensure adequate financial resources to execute across the timelines required to achieve these objectives including, but not limited to, the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• obtaining financing from traditional or non-traditional investment capital organizations or individuals;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• obtaining funding from the sale of our common stock or other equity or debt instruments; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• obtaining debt financing with lending terms that more closely match our business model and capital needs.

There can be no assurance that we will obtain funding on acceptable terms, in a timely fashion, or at all. Obtaining additional funding contains risks, including:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• additional equity financing may not be available to us on satisfactory terms, particularly in light of the current price of our common stock, and any equity we are able to issue could lead to dilution for current stockholders and have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• loans or other debt instruments may have terms or conditions, such as interest rate, restrictive covenants, conversion features, refinancing demands, and control or revocation provisions, which are not acceptable to management or the Company's Board of Directors; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the current environment in capital markets and volatile interest rates, combined with our capital constraints, may prevent us from being able to obtain adequate debt financing.

Considering both quantitative and qualitative information, we continue to pursue plans to ensure adequate external funding, timely re-organizational actions, management of our current financial position and liquid resources, obligations due or anticipated within the next year, development and implementation of an excess inventory reduction plan, plans and initiatives in our research and development, product development and sales and marketing, and development of potential channel partnerships. However, because these plans depend on future events and circumstances that are not entirely within our control, they cannot be considered probable of effectively mitigating the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

**Use of estimates**

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts in our financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on management's best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact us in the future, actual results may vary from the estimates. Estimates include, but are not limited to, the establishment of credit losses allowance for accounts receivable, sales returns, inventory obsolescence and warranty claims, the useful lives of property and equipment, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, and stock-based compensation. In addition, estimates and assumptions associated with the

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

determination of the fair value of financial instruments and evaluation of long-lived assets for impairment require considerable judgment. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material.

**Revenue**

Net sales include revenues from sales of products and shipping and handling charges, and net estimates for product returns. Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transferred products. We recognize revenue at the point in time when we transfer the promised products to the customer and the customer obtains control over the products. Distributors' obligations to us are not contingent upon the resale of our products. We recognize revenue for shipping and handling charges at the time the goods are shipped to the customer, and the costs of outbound freight are included in cost of sales. We provide for product returns based on historical return rates. While we incur costs for sales commissions to our sales employees and outside agents, we recognize commission costs concurrent with the related revenue, as the amortization period is less than one year. We do not incur any other incremental costs to obtain contracts with our customers. Our product warranties are assurance-type warranties, which promise the customer that the products are as specified in the contract. Therefore, the product warranties are not a separate performance obligation and are accounted for as described below. Sales taxes assessed by governmental authorities and collected by us are accounted for on a net basis and are excluded from net sales.

We also generate revenue from services. Service revenue primarily consists of system configuration and setup services performed in connection with customer orders. These services are typically completed at or near the time of product shipment, are distinct from the related product sales and are accounted for as separate performance obligations, and revenue is recognized at a point in time when the service is rendered.

The following table provides a disaggregation of product and service net sales for the periods presented (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Net sales:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Commercial products | $318 | $203 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MMM products | 628 | 413 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Setup service | 3 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total net sales** | $949 | $616 |

---

**Accounts Receivable**

Our trade accounts receivable consists of amounts billed to and currently due from customers. In the normal course of business, we extend unsecured credit to our customers related to the sale of our products. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of the customer's financial condition and the amounts due are stated at their estimated net realizable value. We maintain allowances for sales returns and credit losses to provide for the estimated amount of accounts receivable that will not be collected. The Company has determined that accounts receivable fall within the scope of the Current Expected Credit Losses ("CECL") analysis in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 326. The Company decided to use the historical loss rate method of valuing its reserve for trade receivables. The reserve for credit losses is reviewed and assessed for adequacy on a quarterly basis. We take into consideration (1) any circumstances of which we are aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations and (2) our judgments as to prevailing economic conditions in the industry and their impact on our customers. The Company has elected the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2025-05 to assume that current economic conditions as of the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the remaining life of current trade accounts receivable when developing reasonable and supportable forecasts of expected credit losses. If circumstances change, and the financial condition of our customers is adversely

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

affected and they are unable to meet their financial obligations, we may need to take additional allowances, which would result in an increase in our operating expenses. We do not generally require collateral from our customers.

Our standard payment terms with customers are net 30 days to 90 days from the date of shipment, and we do not generally offer extended payment terms to our customers, but exceptions are made in some cases for major customers or with particular orders. Accordingly, we do not adjust trade accounts receivable for the effects of financing, as we expect the period between the transfer of product to the customer and the receipt of payment from the customer to be in line with our standard payment terms.

Pursuant to ASC 606, *Revenue Recognition*, contract assets and contract liabilities as of the beginning and ending of the reporting periods must be disclosed. Below is the breakout of the Company's contract assets for such periods (in thousands):

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31, 2026** | **December 31, 2025** | **January 01, 2025** |
| Gross Accounts Receivable | $504 | $559 | $819 |
| Less: Allowance for Credit Losses | (17) | (33) | (15) |
| Net Accounts Receivable | $487 | $526 | $804 |

---

Activity related to our allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was as follows (in thousands):

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2025 | $(33) |
| Reduction of reserve for credit losses as of March 31, 2026 | 16 |
| Allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2026 | $(17) |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2024 | $(15) |
| Reduction of reserve for credit losses as of March 31, 2025 | 2 |
| Allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2025 | $(13) |

---

**Geographic information**

All of our long-lived fixed assets are located in the United States. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, approximately 100% of sales was attributable to customers in the United States, respectively. The geographic location of our net sales is derived from the destination to which we ship the product.

**Net loss per share** 

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted loss per share gives effect to all dilutive potential shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential shares of common stock consist of incremental shares upon the exercise of stock options, warrants and convertible securities, unless the effect would be anti-dilutive.

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted loss per share computations (in thousands, except per share amounts):

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Numerator:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss | $(140) | $(268) |
| **Denominator:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding | 6248 | 5266 |

---

As a result of the net loss we incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, convertible preferred stock representing approximately 25 thousand shares of common stock were excluded from the basic and diluted loss per share calculation because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

**Product warranties**

We warrant our products and controls for periods generally ranging from one to ten years, depending on product type and customer application. One product was sold in 2020 with a twenty-year warranty. Warranty settlement costs consist of actual amounts expensed for warranty, which are largely a result of the cost of replacement products or rework services provided to our customers. A liability for the estimated future costs under product warranties is maintained for products under warranty based on the actual claims incurred to date and the estimated nature, frequency, and costs of future claims. These estimates are inherently uncertain and changes to our historical or projected experience may cause material changes to our warranty reserves in the future. We continuously review the assumptions related to the adequacy of our warranty reserve, including product failure rates, and make adjustments to the existing warranty liability when there are changes to these estimates or the underlying replacement costs, or the warranty period expires.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

The following table summarizes warranty activity for the periods presented (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Balance at beginning of period | $91 | $118 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Warranty accruals for current period sales |  | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Adjustments to existing warranty reserves | (29) | (34) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Accrued warranty reserve at end of period** | $62 | $85 |

---

**Foreign Currency Transactions**

The functional currency of the Company and its Taiwan branch is the U.S. dollar.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are remeasured at period-end exchange rates. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in earnings in the period in which they arise and are included in operating expenses, net, depending on the nature of the underlying transaction.

The Company recorded foreign currency transaction losses of approximately $8 thousand and $0 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

**Financial Instruments**

*Fair Value Measurements*

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below. We classify the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Level 1 | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Level 2 | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability. |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Level 3 | Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. |

---

The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. In determining the appropriate levels, we perform a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities whose fair value is measured on a recurring basis. We review and reassess the fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Changes from one quarter to the next related to the observability of inputs in a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification between fair value hierarchy levels. There were no reclassifications for all periods presented.

**Certain risks and concentrations**

We have certain customers whose net sales individually represented 10% or more of our total net sales, or whose net trade accounts receivable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total net trade accounts receivable; we have certain suppliers, which individually represent 10% or more of our total purchases, or whose trade accounts payable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total trade accounts payable balance, as follows:

Total net sales were concentrated among a few customers for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 as follows:

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Customer A | 16.3% | 19.0% |
| Customer B | 16.9% | 27.2% |
| Customer C | 15.8% | 24.1% |
| Customer D | 14.1% | —% |

---

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our trade accounts receivables were concentrated among a few customers as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **As of** <br>**March 31, 2026** | **As of**<br>**December 31, 2025** |
| Customer A | 20.9% | —% |
| Customer B | —% | 15.9% |
| Customer C | 23.9% | —% |
| Customer D | —% | 12.0% |
| Customer E (located in Taiwan) | —% | 21.7% |
| Customer F | —% | 19.5% |
| Customer G | 14.4% | —% |

---

We require substantial amounts of purchased materials from selected vendors. We may purchase some specific materials from a single vendor. The availability and costs of materials may be subject to change due to, among other things, new laws or regulations, suppliers' allocation to other purchasers, interruptions in production by suppliers, and changes in exchange rates, tariff and worldwide price and demand levels. Our inability to obtain adequate supplies of materials for our products at favorable prices could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or results of operations by decreasing our profit margins and by hindering our ability to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis. Additionally, certain vendors require advance deposits prior to the fulfillment of orders. Deposits paid on unfulfilled orders totaled $15 thousand and $3 thousand on March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

We have certain vendors who individually represented 10% or more of our total expenditures, or whose net trade accounts payable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total net trade accounts payable.

Total expenditures were concentrated among a few suppliers for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Suppliers A | —% | 20.6% |
| Supplier C, related parties\* | 55.6% | —% |
| Suppliers D and E, related parties\* | 21.7% | 18.1% |

---

\* See Note 11 "Related Party Transactions"

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our trade accounts payable were concentrated among a few suppliers as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **As of** <br>**March 31, 2026** | **As of**<br>**December 31, 2025** |
| Supplier B | —% | 10.8% |
| Supplier C, related parties\* | 80.2% | —% |
| Suppliers D and E, related parties\* | 8.8% | 70.9% |

---

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

\* See Note 11 "Related Party Transactions"

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**Recently issued accounting standards**

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, *Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses*. The standard requires public business entities to disclose additional disaggregated information about certain income statement expense captions, including the nature of expenses such as employee compensation, depreciation, and other significant expense categories. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

**Recently adopted accounting standards**

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, *Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets*. The amendments provide a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses for certain current accounts receivable and contract assets arising from revenue transactions. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2026, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date, other than ASU 2024-03, are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. We do not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.

**NOTE 3. INVENTORIES**

Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates actual cost determined using the first-in, first-out cost method) or net realizable value, and consist of the following (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31,<br>2026** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| Raw materials | $1245 | $930 |
| Finished goods | 3113 | 2591 |
| Reserves for excess, obsolete, and slow-moving inventories | (664) | (591) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Inventories, net** | $3694 | $2930 |

---

The following is a roll-forward of the reserves for excess, obsolete, and slow-moving inventories (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Beginning balance | $(591) | $(347) |
| Accrual | (90) | (61) |
| Reduction due to inventory sold | 17 | 47 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Reserves for excess, obsolete, and slow-moving inventories** | $(664) | $(361) |

---

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**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT**

Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets and consist of the following (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31,<br>2026** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| Equipment (useful life 3 to 15 years) | $496 | $496 |
| Tooling (useful life 2 to 5 years) | 210 | 210 |
| Vehicles (useful life 5 years) | 41 | 41 |
| Leasehold improvements (the shorter of useful life or lease life) | 124 | 124 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Property and equipment at cost** | 871 | 871 |
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (782) | (774) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Property and equipment, net** | $89 | $97 |

---

Depreciation expense was $8 thousand and $9 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 5. LEASES**

The Company leases certain equipment, manufacturing, warehouse and office space under non-cancellable operating leases with expirations through 2027 under which it is responsible for related maintenance, taxes and insurance. On October 3, 2025, the Company amended the lease to reduce the rentable area, from 29,692 square feet to 25,392 square feet, and rent expenses were decreased in proportion to the reduction in rentable square feet. The Company recorded a reduction to the right of use asset and lease liability of approximately $40 thousand using an incremental borrowing rate of approximately 13.64% and the Company recognized a gain on the lease modification of $2 thousand. The weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases is 1.25 years.

Components of the operating lease costs recognized in net loss were as follows (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Operating lease cost** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Lease cost | $38 | $48 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease cost, net | $38 | $48 |

---

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company's operating leases as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is as follows (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31, 2026** | **December 31, 2025** |
| **Operating Leases** | | |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease right-of-use assets | $175 | $207 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | $185 | $217 |

---

The maturities of lease liabilities under operating leases by years on March 31, 2026 are as follows (in thousands):

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| | **Operating Leases** |
| April 2026 through March 2027 | 160 |
| April 2027 through June 2027 | 40 |
| Total future undiscounted lease payments | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Less imputed interest | (15) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total lease obligations | $185 |

---

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, was as follows (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Supplemental Cash Flow Information:** |  |  |
| Cash paid, net, for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Operating cash flows from operating leases | $38 | $45 |

---

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 6. ADVANCE FOR INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURE**

Other noncurrent assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **March 31, 2026** | **December 31, 2025** |
| Advance for investment in joint venture | $155 | $156 |

---

In November 2025, the Company advanced $156 thousand in connection with a proposed joint venture arrangement with Japan's Meihodo Co., Ltd. and Euka Power Japan Co., Ltd., which are not related parties. The amount represents a refundable investment commitment (refundable if the transaction is not completed, subject to the terms of the arrangement) and is recorded at cost as an advance for investment. Due to foreign currency translation, the carrying amount was presented as $155 thousand as of March 31, 2026. As of March 31, 2026, the Company has not obtained ownership interests, voting rights, or the ability to participate in the management or governance of the investee. Accordingly, the advance continues to be recorded as an advance for investment in a joint venture.

The joint venture is intended to support the Company's Energy Storage Systems ("ESS") initiatives in the Japan power market. The Company will assess its ownership interest and the appropriate accounting model, including whether the investment will be accounted for under the equity method, upon completion of the transaction.

Subsequent to March 31, 2026, the Company entered into agreements related to the joint venture and made an additional investment payment of $380 thousand. The transaction remains subject to closing conditions, and ownership transfer has not yet been completed.

**NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES**

As a result of the operating loss incurred during each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and after the application of the annual limitation set forth under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "IRC"), it was not necessary to record a provision for U.S. Federal income tax.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, we had a full valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets.

The valuation allowance was recorded due to uncertainties related to our ability to realize the deferred tax assets, primarily consisting of certain net operating loss carry-forwards. The valuation allowance is based on management's estimates of taxable income by jurisdiction and the periods over which the deferred tax assets will be recoverable.

As of December 31, 2025, we had a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $141.2 million for federal income tax purposes ($28.3 million for state and local income tax purposes). However, due to changes in our capital structure, approximately $86.8 million of the $141.2 million is available to offset future taxable income after the application of the limitations found under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. As a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act"), net operating loss carry-forwards generated in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 can only offset 80% of taxable income and can be carried forward indefinitely. The $1.1 million and $3.4 million in federal net operating losses generated in 2025 and 2024, respectively, will be subject to the new limitations under the Tax Act. If not utilized, the carry-forwards generated prior to December 31, 2017 of $7.3 million will begin to expire in 2026 for federal purposes and have begun to expire for state and local purposes. For a full discussion of the estimated restrictions on our utilization of net operating loss carry-forwards, please refer to Note 11, "Income Taxes," included under Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of our 2025 Annual Report.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY**

**Private Placements**

The Company entered into securities purchase agreements with certain investors and issued 0 and 1,002,692 shares of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025, respectively.

<u>November 2025 Private Placement</u>

On November 26, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with each of its Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, Mr. Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang, and MAN-BO HOTEL CO. LTD, an affiliate entity, which is owned by the spouse of Kin-Fu Chen, the Chairman of the Company's Board of Directors, respectively, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell in a private placement 262,009 shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share to each, and in aggregate, 524,018 shares of Common Stock for a purchase price per share of $2.29 (the "November 2025 Private Placement"). The purchase price was determined by the Board of Directors to be at a premium to the Nasdaq closing price of our common stock on the date of the agreement. The Board of Directors approved the purchase price per share based on its judgment of the Company's capital needs, market conditions, and limited financing alternatives available at the time. The Board determined this price to be reasonable and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. These transactions were approved by independent members of the Board of Directors.

Aggregate gross proceeds to the Company with respect to the November 2025 Private Placement were approximately $1.2 million. The November 2025 Private Placement closed on December 2, 2025.

<u>August 2025 Private Placement</u>

On August 15, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell in a private placement an aggregate of 264,550 shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, for a purchase price per share of $1.89 (the "August 2025 Private Placement"). The purchase price was determined by the Board of Directors to be at a premium to the Nasdaq closing price of our common stock on the date of the agreement. The Board of Directors approved the purchase price per share based on its judgment of the Company's capital needs, market conditions, and limited financing alternatives available at the time. The Board determined this price to be reasonable and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. These transactions were approved by independent members of the Board of Directors.

Aggregate gross proceeds to the Company with respect to the August 2025 Private Placement were approximately $500 thousand. The August 2025 Private Placement closed on August 19, 2025.

<u>June 2025 Private Placement</u>

On June 19, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell in a private placement an aggregate of 110,497 shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, for a purchase price per share of $1.81 (the "June 2025 Private Placement"). The purchase price was determined by the Board of Directors to be at a premium to the Nasdaq closing price of our common stock on the date of the agreement. The Board of Directors approved the purchase price per share based on its judgment of the Company's capital needs, market conditions, and limited financing alternatives available at the time. The Board determined this price to be reasonable and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. These transactions were approved by independent members of the Board of Directors.

Aggregate gross proceeds to the Company with respect to the June 2025 Private Placement were approximately $200 thousand. The June 2025 Private Placement closed on June 23, 2025.

<u>March 2025 Private Placement</u>

On March 27, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with its Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell in a private placement an aggregate of 103,627 shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, for a purchase price per share of $1.93 (the "March 2025 Private Placement"). The purchase price was determined by the Board of Directors to be at a premium to the Nasdaq closing price of our common stock on the date of the agreement. The Board of Directors approved the purchase price per

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

share based on its judgment of the Company's capital needs, market conditions, and limited financing alternatives available at the time. The Board determined this price to be reasonable and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. These transactions were approved by independent members of the Board of Directors.

Aggregate gross proceeds to the Company in respect of the March 2025 Private Placement were approximately $200 thousand. The March 2025 Private Placement was priced higher than the closing price $1.92 of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq on the day of signing of the purchase agreement. The issuance and sale of the shares pursuant to the purchase agreement are not being registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and were made pursuant to certain exemptions from registration, including Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, in reliance on the representations and covenants of the purchaser under the purchase agreement. The March 2025 Private Placement closed on March 31, 2025.

**Preferred Stock**

Pursuant to the Series A Certificate of Designation, each holder of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to vote with holders of outstanding shares of common stock, voting together as a single class, with respect to any and all matters presented to the stockholders of the Company for their action or consideration, except as provided by law. In any such vote, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle its holder to a number of votes equal to 1.582% of the number of shares of common stock into which such share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible.

The Series A Preferred Stock (a) has a preference upon liquidation equal to $0.67 per share and then participates on an as-converted basis with the common stock with respect to any additional distributions, (b) shall receive any dividends declared and payable on our common stock on an as-converted basis, and (c) is convertible at the option of the holder into shares of our common stock on a 1- for- 35 basis.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were 876,447 Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding which can be convertible into 25 thousand shares of common stock at the option of the holder.

**Warrants**

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025, no warrants were exercised.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, we had the following outstanding warrants:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **As of** <br>**March 31, 2026** | **As of**<br>**December 31, 2025** | | |
| | **Number of Underlying Shares** | **Number of Underlying Shares** |<br>**Exercise Price** |<br>**Expiration** |
| June 2022 Warrants | 384615 | 384615 | $9.10 | December 16, 2026 |
| December 2021 Warrants | 182630 | 182630 | $24.64 | June 7, 2027 |
|  | 567245 | 567245 |  |  |

---

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**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**Stock-based compensation**

Stock-based compensation expense is attributable to stock options and restricted stock unit awards. For all stock-based awards, we recognize expense using a straight-line amortization method.

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense and the impact it had on operations for the periods presented (in thousands):

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Selling, general, and administrative |  | (4) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total stock-based compensation** | $— | $(4) |

---

Total unearned stock-based compensation was $1 thousand and $2 thousand as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. These costs will be charged to expense and amortized on a straight-line basis in future periods. The weighted average period over which the unearned compensation as of March 31, 2026 is expected to be recognized is approximately 1.1 years.

*Stock options*

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company did not grant any stock options.

Options outstanding under all plans have a contractual life of ten years, and vesting periods between one and four years. A summary of option activity under all outstanding stock incentive plans for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was presented as follows:

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Number of<br>Options** | **Weighted<br>Average<br>Exercise<br>Price Per<br>Share** | **Weighted<br>Average<br>Remaining<br>Contractual<br>Life (in years)** |
| **Balance as of December 31, 2025** | 1976 | $9.91 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Granted |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Canceled/forfeited |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Expired |  |  |  |
| **Balance as of March 31, 2026** | 1976 | $9.91 | 3.0 |
| **Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2026** | 1976 | $9.91 | 3.0 |
| **Exercisable as of March 31, 2026** | 1625 | $11.55 | 3.0 |

---

*Restricted stock units*

We are able to issue restricted stock units to certain employees and non-employee Directors under the 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2020 Plan") with vesting periods ranging from one to four years. As of March 31, 2026, the outstanding restricted stock is zero.

*Fully Vested Shares*

In December 2025, the Board approved and issued 43,000 fully vested shares as bonus compensation to certain employees and the Company recognized $121 thousand as stock-based compensation. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, 10,000 shares previously issued to an employee were forfeited and returned to the Company, and 7,000 fully vested shares were issued to certain employees, resulting in a net decrease of 3,000 common shares outstanding.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

**NOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES**

**Purchase Commitments**

As of March 31, 2026, we had approximately $0.5 million in outstanding purchase commitments for inventory, all of which is expected to ship in the second quarter of 2026. We have 54% of the outstanding purchase commitments with related parties.

**NOTE 10. SEGMENT INFORMATION**

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company's Chief Executive Officer is CODM. CODM reviews financial information presented at a consolidated level on a recurring basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. The Company's operations are organized into one operating and one reportable segment, which includes both Commercial and MMM product lines that, although discussed separately and may exhibit counter-cyclical trends, are managed and reported together.

CODM allocates resources and assesses performance of the Company based on net income (loss), as reported on the Consolidated Statement of Operations, which is the segment measure of profit and loss that is based on U.S. GAAP, is the required segment measure.

CODM reviews these measures (i) to evaluate the Company's operating results and the effectiveness of business strategies, and (ii) internally as benchmarks to compare the Company's performance to its competitors. Additionally, the Company believes these measures are important to evaluate the performance and profitability of our products, individually and in the aggregate.

CODM does not review segment assets and segment expenses at a level different than what is reported in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statement of Operations. Additionally, CODM regularly receives information about the Company's capital expenditures which are reported in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows as purchase of property and equipment under investing activities.

**NOTE 11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS**

**Purchase Transactions**

The Company has purchase agreements for Uninterruptible Power Supply ("UPS") products with Winner Technology International Limited, a related party due to its relationship with the Company's Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Chiao-Chieh (Jay) Huang. In addition, the Company has a purchase agreement for TLED products and spare parts and fixed assets with Sander Electronics, Inc (located in the US), an affiliate of a shareholder and Sander Electronics Co. Ltd (located in Taiwan), a shareholder of the Company.

------

**ENERGY FOCUS, INC.**

**NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

**March 31, 2026**

**(Unaudited)**

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Purchase Activities** | | | | |
| | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** | **Three months ended March 31,** |
| Name of related party | **2026** | **% of purchases** | **2025** | **% of purchases** |
| Winner Technology International Limited | $1183 | 55.6% | $— | —% |
| Sander Electronics, Inc. |  | —% | 119 | 11.6% |
| Sander Electronics Co Ltd | 461 | 21.7% | 67 | 6.5% |
|  | $1644 | 77.3% | $186 | 18.1% |
| **Accounts Payable** |  |  |  |  |
| Name of related party | **As of <br>March 31, 2026** | **% of accounts payable** | **As of<br>December 31, 2025** | **% of accounts payable** |
| Winner Technology International Limited | $1183 | 80.2% | $— | —% |
| Sander Electronics Co Ltd | 131 | 8.8% | 386 | 70.9% |
|  | $1314 | 89.0% | $386 | 70.9% |

---

**Related Party Risk Concentration**

The Company's business operations involve significant related party relationships that create concentration risks. As of March 31, 2026, related parties represented 89% of total accounts payable and 54% of outstanding purchase commitments. This concentration in related party suppliers, while providing certain operational benefits, creates risks regarding pricing, payment terms, supply continuity, and potential conflicts of interest. The Company has limited readily available alternative suppliers to replace the current production capacity provided by related parties. These transactions are subject to review and approval by the Company's independent directors.

**Private Placements**

Please refer to Note 8 for further details on Private Placements during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025.

**NOTE 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS**

The Company has evaluated subsequent events occurring after March 31, 2026 through the date these consolidated financial statements were available to be issued.

On April 3, 2026, the Company entered into agreements related to a joint venture investment with Japan's Meihodo Co., Ltd. and Euka Power Japan Co., Ltd. for the development of an energy storage power plant located in Asakura, Fukuoka, Japan. Under the terms of the arrangement, the Company's total expected investment commitment for its 35% interest is approximately $1.1 million (Japanese Yen ("JPY") 175.0 million). As of May 12, 2026, $535 thousand toward this commitment has been funded, with the remaining balance of approximately $565 thousand expected to be funded during project development.

The transaction remains subject to closing conditions, and ownership transfer has not yet been completed. See Note 6, "Advance for investment in joint venture." The project has received a grid application response from Kyushu Electric Power and is currently expected to reach commercial operation in the second half of 2026.

On April 27, 2026, the Company's Taiwan branch entered into a borrowing arrangement with First Commercial Bank and received loan proceeds of $0.9 million (New Taiwan dollars ("NTD") 29.0 million). The borrowing bears interest at 3.015% per annum and matures on October 27, 2026.

No other subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.

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**ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS**

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements" of this Quarterly Report, as well as Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 ("2025 Annual Report").

**Overview**

Energy Focus, Inc. specializes in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing and selling of energy-efficient lighting systems and controls. We develop, market and sell high quality light-emitting diode ("LED") lighting and controls products in the commercial market and military maritime market ("MMM"). In addition to our lighting portfolio, we also offer uninterruptible power supply ("UPS") systems and other power management solutions, which have contributed meaningfully to our revenue in recent quarters and are expected to be a strategic area of continued growth.

Our mission is to enable our customers to run their facilities with greater energy efficiency, productivity, and human health and wellness through advanced LED retrofit solutions. Our goal is to be a market leader for the most demanding applications where performance, quality, value, environmental impact and health are considered paramount. We specialize in energy efficient LED lighting retrofit product, replacing fluorescent, high-intensity discharge lighting and other types of lamps in institutional buildings for primarily indoor lighting applications with our innovative, high-quality commercial and military-grade tubular LED ("TLED") products, as well as other LED and lighting control products for commercial and consumer applications. We are also evaluating additional adjacent technologies, including Gallium Nitride ("GaN") based power supplies and other energy solution products that support sustainability in our existing channels.

The LED lighting industry has changed dramatically over the past several years due to increasing competition and price erosion. In more recent years, we have focused on redesigning our products for lower costs and consolidated our supply chain for stronger purchasing power in an effort to price our products more competitively while not impacting the performance and quality. Despite these efforts, our legacy products continue to face extreme price competition and a convergence of product functionality in the marketplace, and we have shifted to diversifying our supply chain in an effort to increase value and remain competitive. These trends are not unique to Energy Focus as evidenced by the increasing number of industry peers facing challenges, exiting LED lighting, selling assets and even going out of business.

In addition to continuously pursuing cost reductions, our strategy to combat these trends is to innovate both our technology and product offerings with differentiated products and solutions that offer greater, distinct value. Specific examples of these products we have developed include the RedCap®, our patented emergency backup battery integrated TLED, as well as our robust MMM product offering. The Company has enhanced the performance of our RedCap® product by providing a more user-friendly experience. We continue to evaluate our sales strategy and believe our go-to-market strategy that focuses more on direct-sales marketing, selectively expanding our channel partner network to cover territories across the country, and listening to the voice of the customer will lead to better and more impactful product development efforts that we believe will eventually translate into larger addressable markets and greater sales growth.

It is our belief that our strategic initiatives undertaken in 2025 and 2026, including expansion into energy storage solutions, development of advanced Uninterruptible Power Supply ("UPS") systems for AI data center applications, and targeted growth in the Taiwan and Japan markets, along with continued product innovation, expanded distribution capabilities, and operational efficiency, will over time result in improved sales and bottom-line performance for the Company.

We have taken steps to strengthen our financial structure through capital increases and cost reduction measures, which we believe have improved our financial position and provided a stronger foundation for our growth initiatives. Our business expansion plans, including investments in energy storage solutions, development of advanced UPS systems for AI data center applications, and expansion into the Taiwan and Japan markets, are supported by financial strategies that we expect will provide funding for our planned growth initiatives, although there can be no assurance that such funding will be adequate. At the same time, our MMM business continues to be affected by delays in government funding, the timing of U.S. Navy awards, and long sales cycles typical of this sector, with the timeline from bid submission to order placement often exceeding six months, and many products being built-to-order, resulting in extended lead times before revenue recognition. To mitigate these factors, we continue to pursue opportunities with the U.S. Navy and other government sectors, while our cost optimization efforts have enhanced our competitiveness and may support our ability to secure new contracts and expand our sales pipeline in 2026 and beyond.

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We are actively expanding our commercial product offerings, including our newly introduced UPS systems for data centers. We also continue to advance the expansion of product lines such as ESS and GaN based power supplies, while leveraging stability and opportunities within our MMM business. In 2025, we conducted a comprehensive review of our commercial pricing strategy and reassessed key partnerships within the energy-related market. These strategic adjustments have improved our market position, offering a more competitive pricing structure and a stronger value proposition for our customers. We believe that these initiatives, if successfully implemented, and if our financial position continues to improve, may contribute to growth across both our MMM and commercial business sectors, although there can be no assurance that such growth will occur.

Meanwhile, we continue to seek additional external funding alternatives and sources to support our growth strategies, plans and initiatives. Strategic investments by Sander Electronics, Inc. ("Sander"), a shareholder of the Company, have contributed meaningful external capital and created synergistic opportunities to enhance and diversify our supply chain and product offerings, including through relationships with related parties such as Winner Technology International Limited.

The Company continues to incur losses and has a substantial accumulated deficit, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern as of March 31, 2026. Management continues to evaluate and implement strategies to improve liquidity and financial performance.

**Our Business Strategy**

*Demand-oriented Approach*

In order to deepen our relationships with customers, we are in the process of re-establishing our service model, aiming to provide richer and more targeted customer service. We believe that by increasing opportunities for interaction with our customers, we can better understand their needs, thereby enhancing their loyalty to our brand.

To ensure that EFOI's products, pricing, and customer service lifecycle are better aligned, we are building a comprehensive value model to ensure consistency in the products and services we provide throughout the customer journey. We have begun an in-depth analysis of our current and past top 10 customers over the last five years to identify the core factors that make them loyal customers. By analyzing this data, we hope to reveal the key elements that enhance customer stickiness, providing them with more reasons and value to stay with us. In particular, we are actively focusing on customers with high loyalty to better meet their needs. This is not only an acknowledgment of our products but also a validation of the quality of our service.

*Supply-oriented Approach*

EFOI is committed to adopting three main sustainable economy strategies: "Green Supply Chain," "Green Product," and "Green Manufacturing", aiming to promote sustainability throughout the entire value chain. The Company is working closely with its supply chain partners to optimize recycling mechanisms and strengthen packaging design, integrating sustainable economy principles into the core of supply chain management.

Guided by the vision of "transcending traditional corporate social responsibility and creating shared value," EFOI's team is focusing on stakeholders, aiming to achieve a "dual profit engine" effect by combining financial performance and Environmental, Social, and Governance ("ESG") practices. This strategy not only aligns with the Company's responsibility and sustainability goals but is also expected to enhance overall performance and market competitiveness. EFOI's operational team's new strategy focuses on integrating environmental and economic benefits, aiming to create a win-win situation that benefits the company, society, and the environment.

Under the premise of a similar industrial environment and familiar relationships, our professional skills complement those of our supply chain partners. We believe this foundation of cooperation may enable us to pursue common goals of cost reduction, profit sharing, and exploring new business opportunities. This not only strengthens our cooperative relationship but also lays a solid foundation for our joint efforts towards a better future.

*Financial-oriented Approach*

The Company applies strategic financial management in the following perspective.

Control and Monitoring of Assets and Liabilities

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Assets: Regularly evaluate all assets, especially inventory, to ensure they remain in optimal condition in terms of value and performance. Minimize or mitigate the impact of inefficient and aging assets, focusing on assets with high efficiency and return.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Liabilities: Ensure a robust liability structure, optimize the cost of liabilities, and seek lower interest rates and more favorable repayment terms. Regularly review the liability situation to ensure the company's level of liabilities remains within a safe range.

Structured Profitability

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Revenue Growth: Develop diversified revenue streams, reduce dependency on single business or market, continuously optimize products and services, and enhance market competitiveness.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Cost Control: Strictly control operating costs, seek opportunities to reduce costs, and ensure the efficient use of resources to optimize operations.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Cash Flow Management: Establish a sound accounts receivable and payable management system to ensure timely collection of receivables and reasonable arrangement of payments. Maintain sufficient cash reserves to cope with potential funding shortages.

**Results of operations**

The following table sets forth items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Net sales** | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| Cost of sales | 76.7 | 68.5 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Gross profit** | 23.3 | 31.5 |
| **Operating expenses:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Product development | 8.0 | 8.1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selling, general, and administrative | 30.1 | 66.9 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total operating expenses** | 38.1 | 75.0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Loss from operations** | (14.8) | (43.5) |
| **Other expenses (income):** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest income | (0.1) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Net loss** | (14.7)% | (43.5)% |

---

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**Net sales**

A further breakdown of our net sales is presented in the following table (in thousands):

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| Commercial products | $318 | $203 |
| MMM products | 628 | 413 |
| Setup service | 3 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Total net sales** | $949 | $616 |

---

Net sales of $0.9 million for the first quarter of 2026 increased $0.3 million, or 54%, compared to first quarter of 2025 net sales of $0.6 million, driven by a $0.2 million increase in MMM sales and a $0.1 million increase in commercial sales. The increase in net MMM products sales in the first quarter of 2026 was driven by improved demand compared to the prior year period, which was impacted by reduced military procurement activity associated with the U.S. election cycle. The increase in commercial sales was primarily attributable to improved sales volume, partially offset by inflationary pressures and market-adjusted pricing.

**Gross Profit**

Gross profit was $0.2 million, representing 23% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2026. This compares with gross profit of $0.2 million, or 32% of net sales, for the first quarter of 2025. The period-over-period change in gross profit was driven mainly by an increase in inventory reserves and lower variable margins, such as tariff impacts.

**Operating expenses**

*Product development* 

Product development expenses include salaries and related benefits, testing and related costs, travel expenses, cost of supplies, as well as overhead items, such as depreciation and facility costs. Product development costs are expensed as they are incurred.

Product development expenses were $0.1 million for the first quarter of 2026, representing an increase of $26 thousand, or 52% compared to the first quarter of 2025. The increase primarily resulted from higher product testing expenses.

*Selling, general and administrative*

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $0.3 million for the first quarter of 2026, down 31% from $0.4 million in the first quarter of 2025. The decrease is primarily due to a reduction in insurance fees of $0.1 million.

*Interest income*

Interest income was $1 thousand for the first quarter of 2026, compared to $0 thousand for the first quarter of 2025. The increase was primarily attributable to interest earned in bank deposits.

**Provision for income taxes**

Due to the operating losses incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and after application of the annual limitation set forth under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, it was not necessary to record a provision for U.S. federal income tax or various state income taxes as income tax benefits are fully offset by a valuation allowance recorded.

**Net loss**

Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $0.1 million, a decrease of $0.2 million, or 48% compared to net loss of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The decrease is mainly due to lower operating expenses in the first quarter of 2026.

------

**Financial condition**

As of March 31, 2026, we had $1.1 million in cash and no outstanding debt. We have historically incurred substantial losses, and, as of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $156.1 million. Additionally, our sales have been concentrated among a few major customers and, for the three months ended March 31, 2026, four customers accounted for approximately 63% of net sales.

In 2026 and 2025, we remained committed to building upon the initiatives to stabilize and regrow our business. These efforts include the following key developments that occurred during 2026 and 2025:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• We have reinvested in our MMM sales channel and are pursuing existing and new sales opportunities, though the sales cycles for what are frequently made-to-order products are longer than commercial offerings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• We have re-evaluated operating expenses and reduced our workforce significantly throughout 2025 and into 2026 to manage fixed costs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• We continue to seek additional external funding alternatives and sources to support our growth strategies, plans and initiatives.

We continue to closely monitor our cost control efforts to streamline our operations by closely managing all spending throughout the Company, while carefully investing in new products and strategies that sought to reenergize sales.

We will seek to remain agile as an organization to respond to potential or continuing weakness in the macroeconomic environment and in the meantime seek to expand sales channels and enter new markets that we believe will provide additional growth opportunities, including expansion into the Japan market through our joint venture investment initiatives. We plan to achieve profitability through developing and launching new, innovative products, UPS systems, our Redcap® emergency battery backup TLEDs, evaluating new growth opportunities such as GaN-based power supply circuitry and other energy solution products, as well as executing on our multi-channel sales strategy that targets key verticals, such as government, healthcare, education and commercial and industrial, complemented by our marketing outreach campaigns and expanding channel partnerships. In addition, we intend to continue to apply rigorous financial discipline in our organizational structure, decision-making, business processes and policies, strategic sourcing activities and supply chain practices to help accelerate our path towards profitability.

**Liquidity and capital resources**

*Cash*

As of March 31, 2026, our cash balance was $1.1 million, compared to $1.1 million as of December 31, 2025. On April 3, 2026, we entered into agreements related to a joint venture investment in Japan under which our total expected investment commitment for a 35% ownership interest is approximately $1.1 million. As of May 12, 2026, we had invested approximately $535 thousand toward this commitment, with the remaining balance of approximately $565 thousand expected to be funded during project development. This commitment may place additional pressure on our liquidity and may increase our dependence on additional financing, capital raising activities, or other funding alternatives to support operations and strategic initiatives.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• As of March 31, 2026, we held total cash of $1.1 million, of which approximately $0.3 million was maintained in a bank account in Taiwan, with the remaining $0.8 million in bank accounts in the United States. These funds support the operations of our wholly owned Taiwanese branch and are denominated in NTD.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• The ability to access this cash for general corporate purposes in the United States may be subject to foreign exchange controls, local banking regulations, or unfavorable tax consequences. While there are currently no formal restrictions on the transfer of funds from Taiwan to the United States, repatriation of these funds may result in foreign withholding taxes or other costs, which could impact our overall liquidity. As such, our ability to deploy foreign cash for domestic use may be limited or delayed.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Management continues to monitor its cash position, operating cash flows, and funding needs in both domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

------

The following summarizes cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities, as reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements," of this Quarterly Report (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** | **Three months ended<br>March 31,** |
| | **2026** | **2025** |
| **Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities** | $69 | $(272) |
| **Net cash used in investing activities** | $— | $(5) |
| **Net cash provided by financing activities** | $— | $200 |

---

*Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities*

Net cash provided by operating activities was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. The net loss for the period was $0.1 million, adjusted for non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, provisions for inventory, warranty, accounts receivable reserves and working capital changes. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, major changes included $0.1 million in cash generated from collections of accounts receivable and a $0.9 million change in related party accounts payable due to timing of inventory receipts and payments, which was partially offset by $0.8 million change in inventory.

Net cash used in operating activities was $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $0.3 million and was adjusted for non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, provisions for inventory, warranty, accounts receivable reserves and working capital changes. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, changes included cash generated of $0.2 million from collection of accounts receivable, which was partially offset by $0.2 million changes in prepayment for vendors, and $0.1 million change in accounts payable due to timing inventory receipts and payments.

*Net cash used in investing activities*

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company did not have any activities in connection with investing activities.

Net cash used in investing activities was $5 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily from the acquisition of property and equipment.

*Net cash provided by financing activities*

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company did not have any activities in connection with financing activities.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily reflecting net proceeds from the issuance of common stock.

*Contractual and other obligations*

Please refer to Note 9 "Purchase Commitments" included under Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements," of this Quarterly Report.

------

**Foreign currency exchange risk**

Because we maintain operations and cash balances in Taiwan, we are exposed to fluctuations in the New Taiwan dollar (NTD) exchange rate relative to the U.S. dollar. Changes in exchange rates can affect the reported value of our foreign cash balances, revenues, and expenses, as well as result in transaction gains or losses on intercompany and third-party balances.

As of March 31, 2026, we had a net NTD exposure of approximately $318 thousand, consisting of NTD cash of $320 thousand, partially offset by NTD accounts payable of $2 thousand. In addition, we held approximately $155 thousand in JPY denominated advances for investment in a joint venture related to our Japan ESS initiative.

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we recognized net foreign currency transaction losses of approximately $8 thousand. We do not currently employ financial instruments to hedge our foreign currency exposure. We continue to monitor our exposure to NTD and JPY and may consider hedging strategies in the future if our foreign currency risk increases materially.

**Critical accounting policies**

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies as compared to those included in our 2025 Annual Report.

**Certain risks and concentrations**

We have certain customers whose net sales individually represented 10% or more of our total net sales, or whose net trade accounts receivable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total net trade accounts receivable; we have certain suppliers, which individually represent 10% or more of our total purchases, or whose trade accounts payable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total trade accounts payable balance. Please refer to Note 2, "Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," included under Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements," of this Quarterly Report.

**Recent accounting pronouncements**

For information on recent accounting pronouncements, please refer to Note 2, "Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," included under Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements," of this Quarterly Report.

------

**ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK**

As a "smaller reporting company" as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide information required by this item.

**ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES**

***Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures***

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer who also serves as our principal financial officer as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management must evaluate, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as of March 31, 2026, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, did evaluate the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2026.

***Changes in internal control over financial reporting***

During the quarterly period covered by this Quarterly Report, there have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

------

**PART II – OTHER INFORMATION**

**ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS**

From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2026, we were not involved in any material legal proceedings.

**ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS**

As a "smaller reporting company" as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, the Company is not required to provide information required by this item.

**ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS**

None.

**ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES**

None.

**ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES**

Not Applicable.

**ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION**

None.

------

**ITEM 6. EXHIBITS**

**EXHIBIT INDEX**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit<br>Number** | **Description of Documents** |
| <u>[3.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000143774913014640/ex3-1.htm)</u> | Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on May 1, 2006). |
| <u>[3.2](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex32-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 21, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[3.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex33-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on October 9, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[3.4](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex34-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on October 28, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[3.5](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000143774914012834/ex3-1.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 16, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 16, 2014). |
| <u>[3.6](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000162828015005460/exhibitno31certificateof.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 24, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 27, 2015). |
| <u>[3.7](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex37-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 15, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[3.8](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416819000020/ex31-certofdesigpstk.htm)</u> | Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Energy Focus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2019). |
| <u>[3.9](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416819000044/ex31amendcertofdesignat.htm)</u> | Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Energy Focus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 30, 2019). |
| <u>[3.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex310-10xk123119.htm)[0](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex310-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Amendment to the Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Energy Focus, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 15, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.10 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[3.11](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000054/exhibit31certificateof.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation, dated June 11, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 11, 2020). |
| <u>[3.12](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416822000057/0000924168-22-000057-index.htm)</u> | Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation, dated June 15, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 22, 2023). |
| <u>[3.13](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000044/exhibit31bylawsofenerg.htm)</u> | Bylaws of Energy Focus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2020). |
| <u>[3.14](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000114420407023964/v073944_ex3-1.htm)</u> | Certificate of Ownership and Merger, Merging Energy Focus, Inc., a Delaware corporation, into Fiberstars, Inc., a Delaware corporation, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 4, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2007). |
| <u>[4.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416820000013/ex41-10xk123119.htm)</u> | Description of Securities of Energy Focus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 24, 2020). |
| <u>[4.2](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416821000055/a2021128-kex41formofwarrant.htm)</u> | Form of Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 15, 2021). |
| <u>[4.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/924168/000092416822000049/a2022068-kex41formofwarrant.htm)</u> | Form of Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 6, 2022). |
| <u>[31.1](a20260331exhibit31110-q.htm)[+](a20260331exhibit31110-q.htm)</u> | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| <u>[31.2](a20260331exhibit31210-q.htm)[+](a20260331exhibit31210-q.htm)</u> | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| <u>[32.1++](a20260331exhibit32110-q.htm)</u> | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| \*101 | The following financial information from our Quarterly Report for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and (vi) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| \*104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |

---

------

\*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pursuant to Regulation S-T, this interactive data file is not deemed filed for purposes of Section 11 of the Securities Act, or Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of these sections.

+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Filed herewith.

++ This exhibit shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

------

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | | | **ENERGY FOCUS, INC.** |
| Date: | May 12, 2026 | By: | /s/ Chiao Chieh Jay Huang |
|  |  |  | Chiao Chieh Jay Huang |
|  |  |  | Chief Executive Officer |
|  |  |  | *(Principal Executive Officer)* |

---

## Exhibit 31.1

**EXHIBIT 31.1**

**CERTIFICATION**

I, Chiao Chieh Jay Huang, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Energy Focus, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and I have;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

------

**EXHIBIT 31.1**

<u>/s/ Chiao Chieh Jay Huang&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u><br>Chiao Chieh Jay Huang<br>Chief Executive Officer<br>*(Principal Executive Officer)*<br>Date: May 12, 2026

## Exhibit 31.2

**EXHIBIT 31.2**

**CERTIFICATION**

I, Chiao Chieh Jay Huang, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Energy Focus, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and I have;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

------

**EXHIBIT 31.2**

<u>/s/ Chiao Chieh Jay Huang&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u><br>Chiao Chieh Jay Huang<br>Chief Financial Officer<br>*(Principal Financial Officer)*<br>Date: May 12, 2026

## Exhibit 32.1

**EXHIBIT 32.1**

**CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED<br>PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002**

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Energy Focus, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026 (the "Report"), I, Chiao Chieh Jay Huang, Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer of the Company certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

(i) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| /s/ Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang | /s/ Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang |
| Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang<br>Chief Executive Officer<br>*(Principal Executive Officer)* | Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang<br>Chief Executive Officer<br>*(Principal Executive Officer)* |
| Date: | May 12, 2026 |
| /s/ Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang | /s/ Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang |
| Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang<br>Chief Financial Officer<br>*(Principal Financial Officer)* | Chiao Chieh (Jay) Huang<br>Chief Financial Officer<br>*(Principal Financial Officer)* |
| Date: | May 12, 2026 |

---

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Energy Focus, Inc. and will be retained by Energy Focus, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

<br>