# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001662774
**File Stem:** 0001193125-25-277523
**Filing Date:** 2025-11
**Character Count:** 23164
**Document Hash:** d45a5f9e66a89e8af8671585854ef17f
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001193125-25-277523.hdr.sgml**: 20251112

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001193125-25-277523

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 8-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 11

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20251112

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Results of Operations and Financial Condition

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Financial Statements and Exhibits

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20251112

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20251112

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Quince Therapeutics, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001662774
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS (NO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES) [2836]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 901024039
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** CA
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 8-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-38890
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251472602

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 611 GATEWAY BLVD., SUITE 273
- **CITY:** SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94080
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 415-910-5717

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 611 GATEWAY BLVD., SUITE 273
- **CITY:** SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94080

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Cortexyme, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20160104

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? 8-K

**UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549**

------

## FORM 8-K

------

**CURRENT REPORT**

**Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934**

**Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):** November 12, 2025<br>

------

Quince Therapeutics, Inc.

**(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)**

------

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| Delaware | 001-38890 | 90-1024039 |
| **(State or Other Jurisdiction<br>of Incorporation)** | **(Commission File Number)** | **(IRS Employer<br>Identification No.)** |
| 611 Gateway Boulevard<br>Suite 273 |  |  |
| South San Francisco**,** California |  | 94080 |
| **(Address of Principal Executive Offices)** |  | **(Zip Code)** |

---

**Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code:** (415) 910-5717<br>

**(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)**

------

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

**Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **<br>Title of each class** | **Trading<br>Symbol(s)** | **<br>Name of each exchange on which registered** |
| Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | QNCX | Nasdaq Global Select Market |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

------

## Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
On November 12, 2025, Quince Therapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") announced its financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2025 and provided recent business highlights. A copy of the press release issued in connection with the announcement is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

The information contained in Item 2.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K (including Exhibit 99.1) shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as expressly provided by specific reference in such filing.

## Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **<u>Exhibit No.</u>** | **<u>Description</u>** |
| 99.1 | [<u>Press release issued by Quince Therapeutics, Inc. dated November 12, 2025</u>](qncx-ex99_1.htm) |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |

---

------

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  | **QUINCE THERAPEUTICS, INC.** |
| Date: | November 12, 2025 | By:  | /s/ Dirk Thye |
|  |  | Name:<br>Title: | Dirk Thye<br>Chief Executive Officer and Chief Medical Officer |

---

------

## Exhibit 99.1

**Exhibit 99.1**

**Quince Therapeutics Provides Business Update and Reports** 

**Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results**

*Pivotal Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial evaluating lead asset, eDSP, for the treatment of A-T* 

*remains on track with topline results expected in first quarter of 2026*

**SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, Calif. – November 12, 2025 –** Quince Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: QNCX), a late-stage biotechnology company dedicated to unlocking the power of a patient's own biology for the treatment of rare diseases, today provided an update on the company's development pipeline and reported financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025.

Dirk Thye, M.D., Quince's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Medical Officer, said, "Quince remains on track to report topline results for our pivotal Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial evaluating our lead asset eDSP (encapsulated dexamethasone sodium phosphate) for the treatment of Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) in the first quarter of 2026. The NEAT study is powered at approximately 90% to test for a statistically significant difference between eDSP and placebo, and data management metrics suggest low rates of missing data and study discontinuations. Additionally, all patients completing the NEAT study have elected to participate in the open label extension (OLE) study. We also recently received a positive outcome of a NEAT safety analysis conducted by an independent data and safety monitoring board (iDSMB), which recommended that the study continue without any modifications. All of these factors support our ongoing confidence in a successful outcome for our pivotal Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial."

**Pivotal Phase 3 NEAT Clinical Trial**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Quince completed enrollment in its pivotal Phase 3 NEAT (**N**eurological **E**ffects of eDSP on Subjects with **A**-**T**; NCT06193200/IEDAT-04-2022) clinical trial in July 2025 with a total of 105 participants, including 83 participants in the six to nine year-old primary analysis population and 22 participants aged 10 years and older.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Quince expects to report topline results from its Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial in the first quarter of 2026.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Concluding the NEAT study with 83 enrolled participants in the six to nine year-old primary analysis population reflects powering of approximately 90% to determine statistical significance on the primary endpoint.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•100% of NEAT participants to date have elected to transition to the OLE study (NCT06664853/IEDAT-04-2022). Participants who complete the full treatment period, complete study assessments, and provide informed consent are eligible to transition to the OLE study.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•The Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial is being conducted under a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) agreement with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Assuming positive study results, the company plans to submit a New Drug Application (NDA) to the FDA in the second half of 2026.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Quince was granted FDA Fast Track designation for the company's eDSP System for the treatment of patients with A-T based on the potential to address a high unmet medical need.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•NEAT is an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the neurological effects of Quince's lead asset, eDSP (dexamethasone sodium phosphate [DSP] encapsulated in autologous red blood cells; previously referred to as EryDex), in patients with A-T.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Participants are randomized (1:1) between eDSP or placebo and treatment consists of six infusions scheduled once every 21 to 30 days. The primary efficacy endpoint will be measured by the change from baseline to last

------

efficacy visit using the Rescored modified International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (RmICARS) compared to placebo.

**Pipeline and Corporate Updates**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Hosted a virtual 2025 Investor Day on October 2, 2025 showcasing Quince's latest clinical development and corporate updates, the replay of which can be accessed here. Notable featured topics included a presentation of multiple synergistic mechanisms of action that support eDSP's potential efficacy and disease modifying activity while mitigating corticosteroid toxicity, and how transcriptomic profiling reveals novel insights and potential biomarkers in A-T; insights into the company's attractive commercial opportunity and launch preparedness planning for eDSP, including details of its recently announced strategic relationship with Option Care Health; a look at Quince's strong competitive positioning and significant opportunity to quickly expand its development pipeline into additional high-value, rare disease indications; as well as a demonstration of the company's proprietary drug/device combination eDSP System, among other key topics and highlights.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Announced the outcome of the company's pre-planned safety analysis conducted by an independent data and safety monitoring board (iDSMB) for its Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial with the iDSMB recommending that the study continue without any modifications.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Pursuing ongoing study initiation activities to support Quince's European Union pediatric investigational plan (PIP) – named the **P**ediatric **E**ncapsulated **D**examethasone Sodium Phosphate (PeD) study – to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of eDSP in smaller patients with A-T who weigh between nine and 15 kilograms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Advanced commercial readiness activities, including completion of qualitative payer research covering more than 200 million U.S. lives. Findings were highly encouraging with payers recognizing the significant unmet need in A-T and expressing broad support for eDSP as a potential first-to-market treatment.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Participated at the 54<sup>th</sup> Child Neurology Society (CNS) Annual Meeting with a poster presentation of patient-reported walking capacity in children with A-T, which describes the pattern of age-related walking capacity loss in patients with A-T and compares the subjective walking scale to the two measures – International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) and Rescored modified ICARS (RmICARS) – used in Quince's Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial. Results showed that all three scales tracked age-related loss of ambulation in a similar way, suggesting suitability of RmICARS walking capacity components in assessing A-T disease progression.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Continuing advancement of the evaluation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) as Quince's second targeted eDSP indication, including preparing for protocol finalization, contract research organization (CRO) evaluation and selection, and site feasibility in preparation for dosing the first patient in a DMD Phase 2 clinical study in 2026.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Published an advanced population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling study in the scientific journal *CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology* (PSP) that addresses the development of a pediatric PK model based on data from the study of healthy adults and pediatric patients with A-T administered monthly with eDSP and predicts the exposure data in the A-T patient population over a six-month period, which is accessible here.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Entered into a second amendment of Quince's European Investment Bank (EIB) debt agreement in September 2025 that reduces the company's required minimum cash balance for the period from January 1, 2026 to March 31, 2026 to €5.0 million.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Received an update on the company's previously sold legacy small molecule protease inhibitor portfolio acquired by Lighthouse Pharmaceuticals in January 2023. Lighthouse Pharma was awarded $49.2 million

------

grant from the National Institute on Aging to support its Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Quince retains a 7.5% ownership position in Lighthouse Pharma and is positioned to benefit from milestone and royalty commitments related to Lighthouse's ability to successfully advance the development of its compounds through regulatory approval and subsequent commercialization.

**Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Reported cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $26.3 million for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025. Quince expects its existing cash runway to be sufficient to fund the company's capital efficient development plan through Phase 3 NEAT topline results into the second quarter of 2026. If warrants related to the company's recent financing are exercised in full for cash, Quince's cash runway would extend into the second half of 2026.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Reported research and development (R&D) expenses of $8.1 million for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025. R&D expenses primarily included costs related to ongoing Phase 3 NEAT clinical trial activities and related manufacturing costs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Reported general and administrative (G&A) expenses of $3.3 million for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025. G&A expenses primarily included personnel-related and stock-based compensation expenses, commercial planning and new product planning expenses, and other professional administrative costs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Reported a net loss of $13.3 million, or a net loss of $0.25 per basic and diluted share, for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025. Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted – for the quarter were 54.0 million.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•Reported net cash used in operating activities of $30.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Cash used in operating activities was primarily due to net loss of $44.5 million for the period, adjusted for $13.2 million of non-cash items, including $4.5 million change in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities, $4.2 million change in the fair value of warrants, $3.9 million in stock-based compensation, $1.3 million change in the fair value of the EIB loan, and a net decrease in operating assets of $0.3 million, offset by a net increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities of $0.7 million.

**About Quince Therapeutics**

Quince Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: QNCX) is a late-stage biotechnology company dedicated to

unlocking the power of a patient's own biology for the treatment of rare diseases. For more information on the company and its latest news, visit www.quincetx.com and follow Quince on social media platforms LinkedIn, Facebook, X, and YouTube.

**Forward-looking Statements** 

------

company's investment in Lighthouse Pharmaceuticals. Forward-looking statements are based on Quince's current expectations and are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks, and assumptions that are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from what the company expects. Further, certain forward-looking statements are based on assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. Factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in the section titled "Risk Factors" in the company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 24, 2025, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 11, 2025, and other reports as filed with the SEC. Forward-looking statements contained in this news release are made as of this date, and Quince undertakes no duty to update such information except as required under applicable law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;**Media & Investor Contact:**<br>Stacy Roughan<br>Quince Therapeutics, Inc.<br>Vice President, Corporate Communications & Investor Relations<br>ir@quincetx.com<br>

------

**QUINCE THERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS**

*(Unaudited)*

*(In thousands except share amounts)*

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **September 30, 2025** | **December 31, 2024** |
| **ASSETS** |  |  |
| Current assets: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash equivalents | $6452 | $6212 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Short-term investments | 19836 | 34572 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 2914 | 3252 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total current assets | 29202 | 44036 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Property and equipment, net | 616 | 315 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease right-of-use assets | 481 | 498 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Intangible assets | 67726 | 60045 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other assets | 11874 | 9584 |
| Total assets | $109899 | $114478 |
| **LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY** |  |  |
| Current liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable | $3403 | $2903 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 5121 | 4375 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current portion of debt | 17520 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total current liabilities | 26044 | 7278 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Debt |  | 14321 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Long-term operating lease liabilities | 359 | 394 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Long-term contingent consideration | 61213 | 56691 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred tax liabilities | 5593 | 4963 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Warrant liabilities | 14853 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other long-term liabilities | 778 | 685 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities | 108840 | 84332 |
| Stockholders' equity: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Common stock, $0.001 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 54,494,965 and 44,001,643 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. | 54 | 44 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additional paid in capital | 415705 | 406609 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 6293 | (35) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated deficit | (420993) | (376472) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total stockholders' equity | 1059 | 30146 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $109899 | $114478 |

---

------

**QUINCE THERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS**

*(Unaudited)*

*(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended September 30,** | **Three Months Ended September 30,** | **Nine Months Ended September 30,** | **Nine Months Ended September 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** | **2025** | **2024** |
| Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development | $8083 | $4916 | $22781 | $12765 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative | 3281 | 3630 | 11412 | 13296 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Goodwill impairment charge |  |  |  | 17130 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fair value adjustment for contingent consideration | 2066 | (2683) | 4522 | 2082 |
| Total operating expenses <sup>(1)</sup> | 13430 | 5863 | 38715 | 45273 |
| Loss from operations | (13430) | (5863) | (38715) | (45273) |
| Fair value adjustment for debt | (549) | (449) | (1494) | (1252) |
| Fair value adjustment for warrants | 291 |  | (4173) |  |
| Warrant issuance costs | (42) |  | (914) |  |
| Interest income | 300 | 683 | 1017 | 2393 |
| Other income (expense), net | (58) | 150 | (174) | (158) |
| Net loss before income tax expense | (13488) | (5479) | (44453) | (44290) |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 46 | (13) | (68) | (80) |
| Net loss | (13442) | (5492) | (44521) | (44370) |
| Other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Foreign currency translation adjustments | 125 | 2158 | 6386 | 203 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities | 12 | 174 | (58) | 169 |
| Total comprehensive loss | $(13305) | $(3160) | $(38193) | $(43998) |
| Net loss per share - basic and diluted | $(0.25) | $(0.13) | $(0.92) | $(1.03) |
| Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted | 53951371 | 43164136 | 48234306 | 43090632 |

---

*(1) Expenses include the following amount of non-cash stock-based compensation expense.*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended September 30,** | **Three Months Ended September 30,** | **Nine Months Ended September 30,** | **Nine Months Ended September 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** | **2025** | **2024** |
| General and administrative expense | $820 | $786 | $2606 | $3096 |
| Research and development expense | 435 | 338 | 1308 | 525 |
| Total stock-based compensation | $1255 | $1124 | $3914 | $3621 |

---

------