# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001673772
**File Stem:** 0001193125-26-086878
**Filing Date:** 2026-3
**Character Count:** 54130
**Document Hash:** 7d58646edd463dd3bc51a87ed9320ad8
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001193125-26-086878.hdr.sgml**: 20260303

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001193125-26-086878

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 8-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 14

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20260303

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Changes in Control of Registrant

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Financial Statements and Exhibits

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260303

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260303

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001673772
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 473313701
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 8-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-38997
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26711205

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 561 ECCLES AVENUE
- **CITY:** SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94080
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** (650) 489-9000

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 561 ECCLES AVENUE
- **CITY:** SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94080

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** FLX Bio, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20160504

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? 8-K

### UNITED STATES

### SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

#### Washington, D.C. 20549

### FORM 8-K

#### CURRENT REPORT

#### Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

#### of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

#### Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): March 3, 2026

## RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.

#### (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **001-38997** | **47-3313701** |
| **(State or other jurisdiction<br>of incorporation)** | **(Commission**<br> **File Number)** | **(I.R.S. Employer**<br> **Identification No.)** |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **561 Eccles Avenue**<br> **South San Francisco, California** | **94080** |
| **(Address of principal executive offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

---

#### Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (650) 489-9000

#### N/A

#### (Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

#### Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Title of each class** | **Trading**<br> **Symbol(s)** | **Name of each exchange**<br> **on which registered** |
| Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share | RAPT | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

------

#### Introductory Note
As previously disclosed in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by RAPT Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "**Company**" or "**RAPT Therapeutics**"), with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**SEC**") on January 20, 2026, the Company is party to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "**Merger Agreement**") by and among the Company, GlaxoSmithKline LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("**Parent**"), Redrose Acquisition Co., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("**Purchaser**") and, solely for purposes of providing a guaranty pursuant to Section 8.11 of the Merger Agreement, GSK plc, a public limited company organized under the laws of England and Wales ("**Ultimate Parent**" or "**GSK**").

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, on February 2, 2026, Purchaser commenced a cash tender offer (the "**Offer**") to purchase all of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the "**Shares**"), at a price of $58.00 per Share (the "**Offer Price**"), in cash, without interest and subject to any applicable withholding of taxes.

The Offer expired at one minute following 11:59 P.M., Eastern Time, on March 2, 2026 (such date and time, the "**Expiration Time**") and was not extended. Citibank N.A., as depositary for the Offer, advised the Company that approximately 30,137,567 Shares were validly tendered and not validly withdrawn pursuant to the Offer, representing approximately 93.36% of the then outstanding Shares. Accordingly, the Minimum Condition (as defined in the Merger Agreement) has been satisfied. Purchaser has accepted for payment all Shares that were validly tendered and not validly withdrawn pursuant to the Offer prior to the Expiration Time and payment for such Shares has been or will be made promptly in accordance with the terms of the Offer.

Following the completion of the Offer and the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, on March 3, 2026, Parent, Purchaser and the Company, pursuant to Section 251(h) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "**DGCL**") and without a vote of the Company's stockholders, effected a merger of Purchaser with and into the Company (the "**Merger**"), with the separate corporate existence of Purchaser ceasing and the Company surviving the Merger under the name "RAPT Therapeutics, Inc." as a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, pursuant to the Merger Agreement (the "**Surviving Corporation**").

At the effective time of the Merger (the "**Effective Time**"), each Share then outstanding (other than Shares (a) held by the Company or held in the Company's treasury (other than, in each case, Shares that are held in a fiduciary or agency capacity and are beneficially owned by third parties), (b) held by the Parent, Purchaser or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, (c) by stockholders of the Company who have properly exercised and perfected their statutory rights of appraisal under Section 262 of the DGCL, or (d) irrevocably accepted for purchase in the Offer) was converted into the right to receive the Offer Price (the "**Merger Consideration**"), without interest and subject to any applicable withholding of taxes.

In addition, as of the Effective Time:

(a) each option to purchase Shares (an "**Option**") that was outstanding as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, other than a 2025 Option (as defined below), was automatically accelerated and became fully vested and exercisable, then was automatically canceled and converted into the right to receive, for each Share underlying such Option, a cash amount equal to the excess of (x) the Merger Consideration over (y) the exercise price payable per Share under such Option, if any (the "**Option Consideration** ");

(b) each restricted stock unit of the Company (an "**RSU**") that was outstanding as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, other than any 2025 RSU (as defined below), was automatically canceled and converted into the right to receive a cash amount equal to the Merger Consideration for each Share underlying such RSU (the "**RSU Consideration** ");

(c) each Option that was unvested as of immediately prior to the Effective Time and granted to an employee of the Company after March 1, 2025 (a "**2025 Option** "), was automatically canceled and converted into the right to receive a cash amount equal to the Option Consideration for each Share underlying each corresponding

------

2025 Option (the "**Converted Option Cash Consideration**"). Each holder's right to receive the Converted Option Cash Consideration is subject to the same terms and conditions (including vesting, forfeiture and acceleration provisions) applicable to the corresponding 2025 Option immediately prior to the Effective Time; save that 50% of the Converted Option Cash Consideration vested and became payable on the closing date of the Merger (the "**Closing Date**") and 50% of the Converted Option Cash Consideration will vest and become payable on the date that is the earlier of (i) nine months following the Closing Date and (ii) the date such holder experiences an Involuntary Termination (as defined in the Merger Agreement); and

(d) each RSU that was unvested as of immediately prior to the Effective Time and granted to an employee after March 1, 2025 (a "**2025 RSU**") was automatically canceled and converted into the right to receive a cash amount equal to the RSU Consideration for each corresponding Share issuable in settlement of such 2025 RSU (the "**Converted RSU Cash Consideration** "). Each holder's right to receive the Converted RSU Cash Consideration is subject to the same terms and conditions (including vesting, forfeiture and acceleration provisions) applicable to the corresponding 2025 RSU immediately prior to the Effective Time; save that, 50% of the Converted RSU Cash Consideration vested and became payable on the Closing Date and 50% will vest and become payable on the date that is the earlier of (i) nine months following the Closing Date and (ii) the date such holder experiences an Involuntary Termination (as defined in the Merger Agreement).

At the Effective Time, each outstanding warrant to purchase Shares (a "**Warrant**") outstanding and unexercised as of immediately prior to the Effective Time (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any Warrant to the extent the holder thereof has elected a cashless exercise of such Warrant prior to the Effective Time) was automatically converted into the right to receive cash, without any interest thereon, in an amount equal to (i) the total number of Shares subject to such Warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the excess of (x) the Merger Consideration over (y) the exercise price per Share under such Warrant.

The foregoing summary of the Offer, the Merger, the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, which is filed hereto as Exhibit 2.1 and which is incorporated herein by reference.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 2.01** | **Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.**  |

---

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 2.01.

As described in the Introductory Note above, on March 3, 2026, Purchaser irrevocably accepted for payment all Shares validly tendered and not validly withdrawn pursuant to the Offer on or prior to the Expiration Time. On March 3, 2026, the Merger was completed pursuant to Section 251(h) of the DGCL, with no vote of the Company's stockholders required. Upon the consummation of the Merger, the Company became a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 3.01** | **Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing.**  |

---

The information contained in the Introductory Note and Item 2.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 3.01.

In connection with the closing of the Merger, the Company (i) notified The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC ("**Nasdaq**") that the Merger was consummated and (ii) requested that Nasdaq (A) halt trading of and delist the Shares effective before the opening of trading on March 3, 2026, and (B) file with the SEC a Form 25 Notification of Removal from Listing and/or Registration to delist and deregister the Shares under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "**Exchange Act**"). The Company also intends to file with the SEC a Certification and Notice of Termination of Registration on Form 15 under the Exchange Act, requesting the termination of registration of the Shares under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and the suspension of the Company's reporting obligations under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act as promptly as practicable.

------

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 3.03** | **Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.**  |

---

The information contained in the Introductory Note and Items 2.01, 3.01, 5.01 and 5.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 3.03.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 5.01** | **Changes in Control of Registrant.**  |

---

The information contained in the Introductory Note and Items 2.01, 5.02 and 5.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 5.01.

As a result of the consummation of the Offer and the consummation of the Merger in accordance with Section 251(h) of the DGCL on March 3, 2026, a change in control of the Company occurred. At the Effective Time, the Company became a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 5.02** | **Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.**  |

---

The information contained in the Introductory Note of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into this Item 5.02.

In accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time (i) each of Brian Wong, Michael Giordano, Mary Ann Gray, Linda Kozick, Lori Lyons-Williams, Scott Braunstein and Ashley Dombkowski resigned from his or her respective position as a member of the Company's board of directors, including from any and all committees thereof, and (ii) Kevin Ryan and Justin Tze-Chieh Huang, each a director of Purchaser immediately prior to the Effective Time, became directors of the Company.

Effective immediately following completion of the Merger, all of the incumbent officers of the Company, as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, were removed as officers of the Company. Following the Effective Time, the officers of the Company are as follows: Kevin Ryan as Vice President and Treasurer, Justin Tze-Chieh Huang as President and Secretary and Hatixhe Hoxha as Assistant Secretary. Biographical and other information with respect to Kevin Ryan, Justin Tze-Chieh Huang and Hatixhe Hoxha is set forth in Schedule I to the Offer to Purchase, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit (a)(1)(A) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule TO filed with the SEC by Parent on February 2, 2026 and is incorporated herein by reference.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 5.03** | **Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.**  |

---

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, the Company's certificate of incorporation and bylaws were each amended and restated in their entirety in the forms filed as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, to this Current Report on Form 8-K, and are incorporated herein by reference.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 9.01** | **Financial Statements and Exhibits.**  |

---

(d) Exhibits

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Exhibit<br> Number | Description |
| 2.1 | [Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 19, 2026, by and among RAPT Therapeutics, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline LLC, Redrose Acquisition Co. and, solely for purposes of Section 8.11 thereto, GSK plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by RAPT Therapeutics, Inc. on January 20, 2026 (File No. 001-38997)).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1673772/000119312526015882/d12800dex21.htm) |
| 3.1\* | [Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.](d69681dex31.htm) |
| 3.2\* | [Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.](d69681dex32.htm) |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Date File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |

---

\* Filed herewith

------

#### SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.** | **RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.** |
| Date: March 3, 2026 | By: | /s/ Brian Wong, M.D., Ph.D. |
|  |  | Brian Wong, M.D., Ph.D. |
|  |  | President and Chief Executive Officer |

---

## Exhibit 3.1

**Exhibit 3.1** 

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

RAPT THERAPEUTICS, INC.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. The name of the corporation is RAPT Therapeutics, Inc.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. The registered office of the corporation in the State of Delaware is located at 251 Little Falls Drive, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Zip Code 19808. The name of the registered agent at such address upon whom process against this corporation may be served is Corporation Service Company.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. The total amount of stock this corporation is authorized to issue is 1,000 shares of common stock (number of authorized shares) with a par value of $0.0001 per share.

## Exhibit 3.2

**Exhibit 3.2** 

AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS

OF

RAPT THERAPEUTICS, INC.

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

SECTION 1.1 REGISTERED OFFICE. The registered office shall be established and maintained at the office of Corporation Service Company, in the City of Wilmington, in the county of New Castle, in the State of Delaware, and said corporation shall be the registered agent of this corporation in charge thereof.

SECTION 1.2 OTHER OFFICES. The corporation may have other offices, either within or without the State of Delaware, at such place or places as the board of directors may from time to time appoint or the business of the corporation may require.

ARTICLE II

MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

SECTION 2.1 ANNUAL MEETINGS. Annual meetings of stockholders for the election of directors and for such other business as may be stated in the notice of the meeting, shall be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, and at such time and date as the board of directors may designate.

SECTION 2.2 OTHER MEETINGS. Meetings of stockholders for any purpose other than the election of directors may be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of meeting.

SECTION 2.3 VOTING.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Each stockholder entitled to vote in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Incorporation and in accordance with the provisions of these By-laws shall be entitled to one vote, in person or by proxy, for each share of stock entitled to vote held by such stockholder, but no proxy shall be voted after three years from its date unless such proxy provides for a longer period. Upon the demand of any stockholder, the vote for directors and the vote upon any question before the meeting, shall be by ballot. All elections for directors shall be decided by plurality vote; all other matters shall be decided by majority vote except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or the laws of the State of Delaware.

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) A complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the ensuing election, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of each, and the number of shares held by each, shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

SECTION 2.4 QUORUM. Except as otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws, the presence, in person or by proxy, of stockholders holding a majority of the stock of the corporation entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders. In case a quorum shall not be present at any meeting, a majority in interest of the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until the requisite amount of stock entitled to vote shall be present. At any such adjourned meeting at which the requisite amount of stock entitled to vote shall be represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed; but only those stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting as originally noticed shall be entitled to vote at any adjournment or adjournments thereof.

SECTION 2.5 SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called by the President or Secretary, or by resolution of the board of directors.

SECTION 2.6 NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Written notice, stating the place, date and time of the meeting, and the general nature of the business to be considered, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat at his or her address as it appears on the records of the corporation, not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting. No business other than that stated in the notice shall be transacted at any meeting without the unanimous consent of all the stockholders entitled to vote thereat.

SECTION 2.7 ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.

------

ARTICLE III

DIRECTORS

SECTION 3.1 NUMBER AND TERM. The number of directors shall be at least one person. The number of directors shall be determined by the board of directors or by the stockholders. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders and each director shall be elected to serve until his or her successor shall be elected and shall qualify. Directors need not be stockholders.

SECTION 3.2 RESIGNATIONS. Any director, member of a committee or other officer may resign at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing, and shall take effect at the time specified therein, and if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the President or Secretary. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

SECTION 3.3 VACANCIES. Vacancies on the board of directors or any committee thereof and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by the remaining directors in office, though less than a quorum, by a majority vote, may appoint any qualified person to fill such vacancy, who shall hold office for the unexpired term and until his or her successor shall be duly chosen.

SECTION 3.4 REMOVAL.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Except as hereinafter provided, any director or directors may be removed either for or without cause at any time by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of all the shares of stock outstanding and entitled to vote, at a special meeting of the stockholders called for the purpose and the vacancies thus created may be filled, at the meeting held for the purpose of removal, by the affirmative vote of a majority in interest of the stockholders entitled to vote.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Unless the Certificate of Incorporation otherwise provides, stockholders may effect removal of a director who is a member of a classified board of directors only for cause. If the Certificate of Incorporation provides for cumulative voting and if less than the entire board of directors is to be removed, no director may be removed without cause if the votes cast against his or her removal would be sufficient to elect him or her if then cumulatively voted at an election of the entire board of directors, or if there be classes of directors, at an election of the class of directors of which he or she is a part.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) If the holders of any class or series are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, these provisions shall apply, in respect to the removal without cause of a director or directors so elected, to the vote of the holders of the outstanding shares of that class or series and not to the vote of the outstanding shares as a whole.

------

SECTION 3.5 POWERS. The board of directors shall exercise all of the powers of the corporation except such as are by law, or by the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation or by these By-Laws conferred upon or reserved to the stockholders.

SECTION 3.6 COMMITTEES.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The board of directors may, by resolution or resolutions passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of two or more directors of the corporation. The board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of any member of such committee or committees, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or she or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors, or in these By-Laws, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the corporation's property and assets recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the By-Laws of the corporation; and, unless the resolution, these By-Laws, or the Certificate of Incorporation expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock.

SECTION 3.7 MEETINGS.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The newly elected directors may hold their first meeting for the purpose of organization and the transaction of business, if a quorum be present, immediately after the annual meeting of the stockholders; or the time and place of such meeting may be fixed by consent in writing of all the directors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Regular meetings of the directors may be held without notice at such places and times as shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the directors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Special meetings of the board may be called by the President or by the Secretary on the written request of any two directors on at least two days' notice to each director and shall be held at such place or places as may be determined by the directors, or shall be stated in the call of the meeting.

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws, members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of telephone conference or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

SECTION 3.8 QUORUM. A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If at any meeting of the board of directors there shall be less than a quorum present, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum is obtained, and no further notice thereof need be given other than by announcement at the meeting which shall be so adjourned.

SECTION 3.9 COMPENSATION. Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services as directors or as members of committees, but by resolution of the board a fixed fee and expenses of attendance may be allowed for attendance at each meeting. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent or otherwise, and receiving compensation therefor.

SECTION 3.10 ACTION WITHOUT MEETING. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting, if prior to such action a written consent thereto is signed by all members of the board, or of such committee as the case may be, and such written consent is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee.

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

SECTION 4.1 OFFICERS. The officers of the corporation shall be a President, a Treasurer, and a Secretary, all of whom shall be elected by the board of directors and who shall hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. In addition, the board of directors may elect a Chairman, President, one or more Vice-Presidents and such Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers as they may deem proper. None of the officers of the corporation need be directors. The officers shall be elected at the first meeting of the board of directors after each annual meeting. More than two offices may be held by the same person.

SECTION 4.2 OTHER OFFICERS AND AGENTS. The board of directors may appoint such other officers and agents as it may deem advisable, who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the board of directors.

------

SECTION 4.3 TERM OF OFFICE; RESIGNATION; REMOVAL; VACANCIES. Unless otherwise provided in the resolution of the board of directors electing any officer, each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the board of directors or to the President or the Secretary of the corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective. The board may remove any officer with or without cause at any time. Any such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer, if any, with the corporation, but the election of an officer shall not of itself create contractual rights. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the board at any regular or special meeting.

SECTION 4.4 POWER. All officers of the corporation shall have such authority and perform such duties in the management and operation of the corporation as shall be prescribed in these by-laws or the resolutions of the board of directors designating and choosing such officers and prescribing their authority and duties, and shall have such additional authority and duties as are incident to their office except to the extent that such resolutions may be inconsistent therewith. The duly elected officers of the corporation are hereby authorized generally to act on behalf of the corporation, including without limitation, in the signing and executing of deeds, mortgages and all other forms of contracts and undertakings in the name and on behalf of the corporation, and to cause the seal of the corporation to be affixed to any instrument thereof. The Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation shall record all of the proceedings of all meetings and actions in writing of directors, and committees of directors, and shall exercise such additional authority and perform such additional duties as the board of directors shall assign to such Secretary or Assistant Secretary. The Chairman of the board of directors, if one be elected, shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors and the Chairman shall have and perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors. In the Chairman's absence, the President shall preside such meetings.

ARTICLE V

INDEMNIFICATION

SECTION 5.1 The corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the provisions of Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as the same may be amended and supplemented, indemnify any and all persons whom it shall have power to indemnify under said Section from and against any and all of the expenses, liabilities, or other matters referred to in or covered by said section, and the indemnification provided for herein shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those indemnified may be entitled under any other by-law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person.

------

SECTION 5.2 INDEMNIFICATION. The corporation shall, to the maximum extent permitted under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and except as set forth below, indemnify and upon request advance expenses to each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was, or has agreed to become, a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the request of the corporation, as a director, officer, employee or trustee of, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including any employee benefit plan (all such persons being referred to hereafter as an "<u>Indemnitee</u>"), or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article, the corporation shall not indemnify an Indemnitee seeking indemnification in connection with any action, suit, proceeding, claim or counterclaim, or part thereof, initiated by the Indemnitee unless the initiation thereof was (i) approved by the board of directors; (ii) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law; and (iii) such indemnification is provided by the corporation, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the corporation under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable law.

SECTION 5.3 DETERMINATION OF ENTITLEMENT TO INDEMNIFICATION. Any indemnification under Section 5.1 (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because such person has either met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Article and that the amount requested has been actually and reasonably incurred. Such determination shall be made:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less
than a quorum; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a
quorum; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written
opinion; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) by the holders of the common stock.

------

SECTION 5.4 Enforcement. Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this Article to an Indemnitee shall be enforceable by or on behalf of the person holding such right in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor. To the extent permitted by law, the claimant in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting the claim. In connection with any claim for indemnification, the corporation shall be entitled to raise as a defense to any such action that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable law for the corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed. In connection with any claim by an Indemnitee (except in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such Indemnitee is or was acting in an authorized role as an Indemnitee of the corporation) for advances, the corporation shall be entitled to raise a defense as to any such action clear and convincing evidence that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, or with respect to any criminal action or proceeding that such person acted without reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was lawful. Neither the failure of the corporation (including its board of directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable law, nor an actual determination by the corporation (including its board of directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct. In any suit brought by an Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Section or otherwise shall be on the corporation.

SECTION 5.5 ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Notwithstanding any other provisions of these By-Laws, the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation, or any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or arrangement to the contrary, the corporation may advance payment of expenses incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of any matter only to the extent such advance is not prohibited by applicable law, and then only upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay all amounts so advanced in the event that it shall ultimately be determined that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized in this Article. Such undertaking may be accepted without reference to the financial ability of the Indemnitee to make such repayment.

SECTION 5.6 SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENT. No amendment, termination or repeal of this Article or of the relevant provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable laws shall affect or diminish in any way the rights of any Indemnitee to indemnification under the provisions hereof with respect to any action, suit, proceeding or investigation arising out of or relating to any actions, transactions or facts occurring prior to the final adoption of such amendment, termination or repeal.

------

SECTION 5.7 OTHER RIGHTS. This corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by its board of directors, grant indemnification rights to other employees or agents of the corporation or other persons serving the corporation and such rights may be equivalent to, or greater or less than, those set forth in this Article.

SECTION 5.8 MERGERS OR CONSOLIDATION. If the corporation is merged into or consolidated with another corporation and the corporation is not the surviving corporation, the surviving corporation shall assume the obligations of the corporation under this Article with respect to any action, suit, proceeding or investigation arising out of or relating to any actions, transactions or facts occurring prior to the date of such merger or consolidation.

SECTION 5.9 SAVINGS CLAUSE. If this Article or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each Indemnitee as to any expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with any action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal or administrative, including an action by or in the right of the corporation, to the fullest extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Article that shall not have been invalidated and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.

SECTION 5.10 SCOPE OF ARTICLE. Indemnification and advancement of expenses, as authorized by the preceding provisions of this Article, shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be an authorized representative and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

SECTION 5.11 INSURANCE. The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against the person and incurred by the person in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article.

------

ARTICLE VI

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 6.1 UNCERTIFICATED AND CERTIFICATED STOCK. The shares of the corporation shall be uncertificated; <u>provided</u>, that the board of directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of stock of the corporation shall be represented by certificates. Each certificate representing stock of the corporation shall be signed by or in the name of the corporation by the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the board of directors, if they be elected, President or Vice-President, and the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by the applicable holder of stock represented by such certificate. Any or all of the signatures may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

SECTION 6.2 LOST CERTIFICATES. Uncertificated shares (or a new certificate of stock, if the board of directors has provided by resolution or resolutions that some or all of the class or series of stock of the corporation to which such shares belong shall be certificated shares) may be issued in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by the corporation, alleged to have been lost or destroyed, and the directors may, in their discretion, require the owner of the lost or destroyed certificate, or his or her legal representatives, to give the corporation a bond, in such sum as they may direct, not exceeding double the value of the stock, to indemnify the corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss of any such certificate, or the issuance of any such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

SECTION 6.3 TRANSFER OF SHARES. The shares of stock of the corporation shall be transferable only upon its books by the holders thereof in person or by their duly authorized attorneys or legal representatives. With respect to shares of stock represented by certificates, upon such transfer the old certificates shall be surrendered to the corporation by the delivery thereof to the person in charge of the stock and transfer books and ledgers, or to such other person as the directors may designate, by whom they shall be cancelled, and new certificates shall thereupon be issued. A record shall be made of each transfer and whenever a transfer shall be made for collateral security, and not absolutely, it shall be so expressed in the entry of the transfer.

SECTION 6.4 STOCKHOLDERS RECORD DATE. In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the

------

board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

SECTION 6.5 DIVIDENDS. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the board of directors may, out of funds legally available therefor at any regular or special meeting, declare dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation as and when they deem expedient. Before declaring any dividend there may be set apart out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends, such sum or sums as the directors from time to time in their discretion deem proper for working capital or as a reserve fund to meet contingencies or for equalizing dividends or for such other purposes as the directors shall deem conducive to the interests of the company.

SECTION 6.6 SEAL. The corporate seal, if any, shall be circular in form and shall contain the name of the corporation, the year of its creation and the words "CORPORATE SEAL DELAWARE ". Said seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.

SECTION 6.7 FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be determined by resolution of the board of directors.

SECTION 6.8 CHECKS. All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents of the corporation and in such manner as shall be determined from time to time by resolutions of the board of directors.

SECTION 6.9 NOTICE AND WAIVER OF NOTICE.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Whenever any notice is required by these By-Laws to be given, personal notice is not meant unless expressly so stated, and any notice so required shall be deemed to be sufficient if given by depositing the same in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the person entitled thereto at his or her address as it appears on the records of the corporation, and such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the day of such mailing. Stockholders not entitled to vote shall not be entitled to receive notice of any meetings except as otherwise provided by Statute.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Whenever any notice whatever is required to be given under the provisions of any law, or under the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.

------

ARTICLE VII

AMENDMENTS

These By-Laws may be altered or repealed and By-Laws may be made at any annual meeting of the stockholders or at any special meeting thereof if notice of the proposed alteration or repeal or By-Law or By-Laws to be made be contained in the notice of such special meeting, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors, at any regular meeting of the board of directors, or at any special meeting of the board of directors, if notice of the proposed alteration or repeal, or By-Law or By-Laws to be made, be contained in the notice of such special meeting.