# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001270073
**File Stem:** 0001104659-23-036700
**Filing Date:** 2023-3
**Character Count:** 141630
**Document Hash:** 3e556f0d490bc59a4350ad3e8fcfa59f
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001104659-23-036700.hdr.sgml**: 20230324

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001104659-23-036700

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 8-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 14

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20230324

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Other Events

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Financial Statements and Exhibits

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20230324

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20230324

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001270073
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **IRS NUMBER:** 223868459
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 8-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-35668
- **FILM NUMBER:** 23760812

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 305 MADISON AVENUE
- **CITY:** MORRISTOWN
- **STATE:** NJ
- **ZIP:** 07960
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 646-747-1000

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 305 MADISON AVENUE
- **CITY:** MORRISTOWN
- **STATE:** NJ
- **ZIP:** 07960

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS INC
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20031113

?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM 8-K**

**CURRENT REPORT**

**Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934**

Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): March 24, 2023

**Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

<u>Delaware</u>   <u>001-35668</u>   <u>22-3868459</u> <br> (State or other jurisdiction (Commission (IRS Employer <br> of incorporation) File Number) Identification No.)

<u>305 Madison Avenue, Morristown, NJ 07960</u>

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (646) 747-1000

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Title of each class | &nbsp;&nbsp;Trading <br> Symbol(s) | &nbsp;&nbsp;Name of each exchange on which<br> registered |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | &nbsp;&nbsp;ICPT | &nbsp;&nbsp;Nasdaq Global Select Market |

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ◻

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 1.01.** | **Entry Into a Material Definitive Agreement.** |

---

On March 24, 2023, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the "Company") entered into a Sales Agreement (the "<u>Sales Agreement</u>") with Cowen and Company, LLC ("Cowen") with respect to an at the market offering program, under which the Company may, from time to time in its sole discretion, issue and sell through Cowen shares of the Company's common stock (the "Common Shares").

The issuance and sale, if any, of the Common Shares by the Company under the Sales Agreement will be made pursuant to a prospectus supplement, dated March 24, 2023, to the Company's registration statement on Form S-3ASR, originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on March 24, 2023, which became effective immediately upon filing. The prospectus supplement is for up to $100.0 million of Common Shares. The Sales Agreement also contemplates the possibility of subsequent prospectus supplements for additional amounts.

Pursuant to the Sales Agreement, Cowen may sell the Common Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an "at the market" offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "<u>Securities Act</u>"). Cowen will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the Common Shares from time to time, based upon instructions from the Company (including any price or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions the Company may impose).

The Company will pay Cowen a commission of up to 3.0% of the gross sales proceeds of any Common Shares sold through Cowen under the Sales Agreement.

The Company is not obligated to make any sales of Common Shares under the Sales Agreement. The offering of Common Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier to occur of (i) the issuance and sale, through Cowen, of all Common Shares subject to the Sales Agreement and (ii) termination of the Sales Agreement in accordance with its terms.

The Sales Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that are customary for transactions of this type. In addition, the Company has agreed to indemnify Cowen against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

The foregoing description of the Sales Agreement is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Sales Agreement, a copy of which is filed herewith as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

The legal opinion of DLA Piper LLP (US) as to the legality of the Common Shares is being filed as Exhibit 5.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

This Current Report on Form 8-K shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy the securities discussed herein, nor shall there be any offer, solicitation or sale of the securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 8.01** | **Other Events.** |

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In light of the Company's current financial resources, the Company does not currently intend to issue or sell Common Shares under the Sales Agreement at this time, however, the Company may issue and sell Common Shares under the Sales Agreement from time to time as will be reported in the Company's periodic reports to be filed with the SEC.

This Current Report on Form 8-K contains forward-looking statements ("FLS"), including regarding the Company's intent to use the Sales Agreement. Important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the FLS, including changes to the Company's financial situation and resources, or financial and strategic planning and decision-making. Risk factors that could affect these factors are discussed in more detail under "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Item 9.01** | **Financial Statements and Exhibits.** |

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(d) *<u>Exhibits</u>*<u>.</u>

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Exhibit Number | Description |
| [1.1](tm2310430d1_ex1-1.htm) | [Sales Agreement dated March 24, 2023.](tm2310430d1_ex1-1.htm) |
| [5.1](tm2310430d1_ex5-1.htm) | [Opinion of DLA Piper LLP (US).](tm2310430d1_ex5-1.htm) |
| [23.1](tm2310430d1_ex5-1.htm) | [Consent of DLA Piper LLP (US) (contained in Exhibit 5.1).](tm2310430d1_ex5-1.htm) |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive date file does not appear in the Interactive Date File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |

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**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. |
| By: | /s/ Andrew Saik |
| Name: | Andrew Saik |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer |

---

Date: March 24, 2023

## Exhibit 1.1

**Exhibit 1.1**

**Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.** 

**<u>SALES AGREEMENT</u>**

March 24, 2023

Cowen and Company, LLC

599 Lexington Avenue

New York, NY 10022

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the "**<u>Company</u>**"), confirms its agreement (this "**<u>Agreement</u>**") with Cowen and Company, LLC ("**<u>Cowen</u>**"), as follows:

1. <u>Issuance and Sale of Shares</u>. The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through Cowen, acting as agent and/or (if applicable) as principal, shares (the "**<u>Placement Shares</u>**") of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "**<u>Common Stock</u>**"), subject to the limitations set forth in <u>Section 5(c)</u> of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitation set forth in this <u>Section 1</u> on the number of shares of Common Stock issued and sold under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company, and Cowen shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. The issuance and sale of Common Stock through Cowen will be effected pursuant to the Registration Statement (as defined below) filed by the Company and which became effective automatically upon filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**<u>Commission</u>**") under Rule 462(e) of the Securities Act (as defined below), although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to use the Registration Statement (as defined below) to issue the Common Stock.

The Company has filed, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "**<u>Securities Act</u>**"), with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3ASR, including a base prospectus, relating to certain securities, including the Common Stock, to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "**<u>Exchange Act</u>**"). The Company has prepared a prospectus supplement (the "**<u>Initial Prospectus Supplement</u>**") to the base prospectus included as part of such registration statement relating to Placement Shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $100,000,000 and may subsequently prepare additional prospectus supplements (the "**<u>Additional Prospectus Supplements</u>**" and together with the Initial Prospectus Supplement, the "**<u>Prospectus Supplements</u>**") relating to additional Placement Shares to be offered such that the aggregate offering price of the Placement Shares offered pursuant to the Prospectus Supplements does not exceed the Maximum Amount (as defined below). The Company has furnished to Cowen, for use by Cowen, copies of the prospectus included as part of such registration statement, as supplemented by the Initial Prospectus Supplement relating to the Placement Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, such registration statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, as amended when it became effective, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus (as defined below) subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act or deemed to be a part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B or 462(b) of the Securities Act, or any subsequent registration statement on Form S-3 filed pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act by the Company with respect to the Placement Shares, is herein called the "**<u>Registration Statement</u>**." The base prospectus, including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in the Registration Statement, as it may be supplemented by the Prospectus Supplements in the form in which such prospectus, and/or Prospectus Supplements have most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, together with any "issuer free writing prospectus," as defined in Rule 433 of the Securities Act regulations ("**<u>Rule 433</u>**"), relating to the Placement Shares that (i) is consented to by Cowen, hereinafter referred to as a "**<u>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</u>**," (ii) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company or (iii) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i), in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company's records pursuant to Rule 433(g), is herein called the "**<u>Prospectus</u>**." Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein, and any reference herein to the terms "amend," "amendment" or "supplement" with respect to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing after the execution hereof of any document with the Commission deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or to any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to include any copy filed with the Commission pursuant to the Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System ("**<u>EDGAR</u>**").

The Registration Statement is an "automatic shelf registration statement" (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) and the Placement Shares are eligible for registration by the Company on such automatic shelf registration statement. The Registration Statement became effective upon filing on March 24, 2023.

2. <u>Placements</u>. Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell Placement Shares hereunder (each, a "**<u>Placement</u>**"), it will notify Cowen by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the parties) (a "**<u>Placement Notice</u>**") containing the parameters in accordance with which it desires the Placement Shares to be sold, which shall at a minimum include the number of Placement Shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation on the number of Placement Shares that may be sold in any one Trading Day (as defined in <u>Section 3</u>) and any minimum price below which sales may not be made, a form of which containing such minimum sales parameters necessary is attached hereto as **<u>Schedule 1</u>**. The Placement Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company set forth on **<u>Schedule 2</u>** and shall be addressed to each of the individuals from Cowen set forth on **<u>Schedule 2</u>**, as such **<u>Schedule 2</u>** may be amended from time to time. The Placement Notice shall be effective upon receipt by Cowen unless and until (i) in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in <u>Section 4</u>, Cowen declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole discretion, (ii) the entire amount of the Placement Shares have been sold, (iii) in accordance with the notice requirements set forth in <u>Section 4</u>, the Company suspends or terminates the Placement Notice, (iv) the Company issues a subsequent Placement Notice with parameters superseding those on the earlier dated Placement Notice, or (v) this Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of <u>Section 11</u>. The amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by the Company to Cowen in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms set forth in **<u>Schedule 3</u>.** It is expressly acknowledged and agreed that neither the Company nor Cowen will have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares unless and until the Company delivers a Placement Notice to Cowen and Cowen does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the terms set forth above, and then only upon the terms specified therein and herein. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control.

3. <u>Sale of Placement Shares by Cowen</u>. Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, upon the Company's delivery of a Placement Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, Cowen, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC ("**<u>Nasdaq</u>**") to sell such Placement Shares up to the amount specified in such Placement Notice, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice. Cowen will provide written confirmation to the Company (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the Company set forth on **<u>Schedule 2</u>**, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) no later than the opening of the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting forth the number of Placement Shares sold on such day, the volume-weighted average price of the Placement Shares sold, and the Net Proceeds (as defined below) payable to the Company. In the event the Company engages Cowen for a sale of Placement Shares that would constitute a "block" within the meaning of Rule 10b-18(a)(5) under the Exchange Act (a "**<u>Block Sale</u>**"), the Company will provide Cowen, at Cowen's request and upon reasonable advance notice to the Company, on or prior to the Settlement Date (as defined below), the opinions of counsel, accountant's letter and officers' certificates set forth in <u>Section 8</u> hereof, each dated the Settlement Date, and such other documents and information as Cowen shall reasonably request. Cowen may sell Placement Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an "at the market" offering as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act, including without limitation, sales made through Nasdaq or on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock. Cowen shall not purchase Placement Shares for its own account as principal unless expressly authorized to do so by the Company in a Placement Notice. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) there can be no assurance that Cowen will be successful in selling Placement Shares, and (ii) Cowen will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any reason other than a failure by Cowen to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such Placement Shares as required under this <u>Section 3</u>. For the purposes hereof, "**<u>Trading Day</u>**" means any day on which the Company's Common Stock is purchased and sold on the principal market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall not offer, sell or deliver, or request the offer or sale, of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement and, by notice to Cowen given by telephone (confirmed promptly by email), shall cancel any instructions for the offer or sale of any Placement Shares, and Cowen shall not be obligated to offer or sell any Placement Shares, (i) during any period in which the Company is, or could be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information, or (ii) at any time from and including the date on which the Company shall issue a press release containing, or shall otherwise publicly announce, its earnings, revenues or other results of operations (an "**<u>Earnings Announcement</u>**") through and including the time that the Company files a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or an Annual Report on Form 10-K that includes consolidated financial statements as of and for the same period or periods, as the case may be, covered by such Earnings Announcement.

4. <u>Suspension of Sales</u>.

(a) The Company or Cowen may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on **<u>Schedule 2</u>**, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on **<u>Schedule 2</u>**), suspend any sale of Placement Shares; *provided, however*, that such suspension shall not affect or impair either party's obligations with respect to any Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of such notice. Each of the parties agrees that no such notice under this <u>Section 4</u> shall be effective against the other unless it is made to one of the individuals named on **<u>Schedule 2</u>** hereto, as such schedule may be amended from time to time.

(b) If either Cowen or the Company has reason to believe that the exemptive provisions set forth in Rule 101(c)(1) of Regulation M under the Exchange Act are not satisfied with respect to the Common Stock, it shall promptly notify the other party, and Cowen may, at its sole discretion, suspend sales of the Placement Shares under this Agreement.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, during any period in which the Registration Statement is no longer effective under the Securities Act, the Company shall promptly notify Cowen, the Company shall not request the sale of any Placement Shares, and Cowen shall not be obligated to sell or offer to sell any Placement Shares.

5. <u>Settlement</u>.

(a) <u>Settlement of Placement Shares</u>. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, until May 28, 2024, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the second (2<sup>nd</sup>) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made (each, a "**<u>Settlement Date</u>**" and the first such settlement date, the "**<u>First Delivery Date</u>**") and after May 28, 2024, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the second (1<sup>st</sup>) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made. The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the Company on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the "**<u>Net Proceeds</u>**") will be equal to the aggregate sales price received by Cowen at which such Placement Shares were sold, after deduction for (i) Cowen's commission, discount or other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to <u>Section 2</u> hereof, (ii) any other amounts due and payable by the Company to Cowen hereunder pursuant to <u>Section 7(g)</u> (Expenses) hereof, and (iii) any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales.

(b) <u>Delivery of Placement Shares</u>. On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Placement Shares being sold by crediting Cowen's or its designee's account (provided Cowen shall have given the Company written notice of such designee prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradeable, transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, Cowen will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on, or prior to, the Settlement Date. If the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver duly authorized Placement Shares on a Settlement Date through no fault of Cowen, the Company agrees that in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in <u>Section 9(a)</u> (Indemnification and Contribution) hereto, it will (i) hold Cowen harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or reasonable and documented expense (including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company and (ii) pay to Cowen any commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default.

(c) <u>Limitations on Offering Size</u>. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares if, after giving effect to the sale of such Placement Shares, the aggregate number or gross sales proceeds of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of: (i) the number or dollar amount of Common Stock registered pursuant to, and available for offer and sale under, the Registration Statement as in effect at such time pursuant to which the offering of Placement Shares is being made, (ii) the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock of the Company (less Common Stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of any outstanding securities of the Company or otherwise reserved from the Company's authorized capital stock), (iii) the number or dollar amount of Common Stock permitted to be offered and sold by the Company under Form S-3 (including General Instruction I.B.6. thereof, if such instruction is applicable), (iv) the number or dollar amount of Common Stock the Company's board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof has authorized to issue and sell from time to time, and notified to Cowen in writing, or (v) the dollar amount of Common Stock for which the Company has filed the Prospectus Supplement (the lesser of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v), the "**<u>Maximum Amount</u>**"). Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement at a price lower than the minimum price authorized from time to time by the Company's board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof, and notified to Cowen in writing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this <u>Section 5(c)</u> on the number or dollar amount of Placement Shares that may be issued and sold under this Agreement from time to time shall be the sole responsibility of the Company, and that Cowen shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. Each Placement Notice delivered hereunder shall be deemed to be a representation by the Company to Cowen of compliance with this Section 5(c).

6. <u>Representations and Warranties of the Company</u>. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, Cowen that as of (i) the date of this Agreement, (ii) each Time of Sale (as defined below), (iii) each Settlement Date, and (iv) each Bring-Down Date (as defined below) (each such date included in (i) through (iv), a "**<u>Representation Date</u>**"):

(a) <u>Compliance with Registration Requirements</u>. The Registration Statement has and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement will have become effective under the Securities Act. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, contemplated or threatened by the Commission. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. The sale of the Placement Shares hereunder meets the requirements of General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3.

(b) <u>No Misstatement or Omission</u>. The Prospectus when filed complied and, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any post-effective amendments or supplements thereto, at the time it became effective or its date, as applicable, complied and as of each Representation Date, complied and will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not and, as of each Representation Date, did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, as of its date, did not and, as of each Representation Date, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences do not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements thereto, made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to Agent's Information (as defined below). There are no contracts or other documents required to be described in the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement which have not been described in all material respects or filed as required. As used herein, "**<u>Time of Sale</u>**" means with respect to each offering of Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement, the time of Cowen's initial entry into contracts with purchasers for the sale of such Placement Shares.

(c) <u>Well-Known Seasoned Issuer</u>. (A) At the original effectiveness of the Registration Statement, (B) at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act or form of prospectus), (C) at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c)) made any offer relating to the Securities in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163, and (D) as of each Representation Date, the Company was and is a "well-known seasoned issuer" (as defined in Rule 405); *provided, however*, that in the cases of clauses (B) and (D), the Company need not be a "well-known seasoned issuer" (as defined in Rule 405) at such time or date as long as it has filed a new Registration Statement, such Registration Statement is effective and it is in compliance therewith.

(d) <u>Offering Materials Furnished to Cowen</u>. The Company has delivered to Cowen one complete copy of the Registration Statement and a copy of each consent and certificate of experts filed as a part thereof, and conformed copies of the Registration Statement (without exhibits) and the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, in such quantities and at such places as Cowen has reasonably requested. The Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent any such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus was required to be filed with the Commission) delivered to Cowen for use in connection with the public offering of the Placement Shares contemplated herein have been and will be substantively identical to the versions of such documents transmitted to the Commission for filing via EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.

(e) <u>Not an Ineligible Issuer</u>. The Company currently is not an "ineligible issuer," as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. The Company agrees to notify Cowen promptly upon the Company becoming an "ineligible issuer."

(f) <u>Distribution of Offering Material By the Company</u>. The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, prior to the completion of Cowen's distribution of the Placement Shares, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares other than the Prospectus or the Registration Statement.

(g) <u>The Sales Agreement</u>. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and is a valid and binding agreement of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnification hereunder may be limited by applicable law and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors or by general equitable principles.

(h) <u>Authorization of the Common Stock</u>. The Placement Shares, when issued and delivered, will be duly authorized for issuance and sale pursuant to this Agreement and, when issued and delivered by the Company against payment therefor pursuant to this Agreement, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim, and the issuance and sale of the Placement Shares by the Company is not subject to preemptive or other similar rights arising by operation of law, under the organizational documents of the Company or under any agreement to which the Company or any Subsidiary (as defined below) is a party or otherwise.

(i) <u>No Applicable Registration or Other Similar Rights</u>. There are no persons with registration or other similar rights to have any equity or debt securities registered for sale under the Registration Statement or included in the offering contemplated by this Agreement, except for such rights as have been duly waived.

(j) <u>No Material Adverse Change</u>. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus: (i) there has been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business (any such change is called a "**<u>Material Adverse Change</u>**"); (ii) there have been no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (iii) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its capital stock.

(k) <u>Independent Accountants</u>. KPMG LLP, who has expressed its opinion with respect to the financial statements (which term as used in this Agreement includes the related notes thereto) and supporting schedules filed with the Commission or incorporated by reference as a part of the Registration Statement and included in the Prospectus, is an independent registered public accounting firm as required by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act.

(l) <u>Preparation of the Financial Statements</u>. The financial statements filed with the Commission as a part of or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and included in the Prospectus present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of and at the dates indicated and the results of their operations and cash flows for the periods specified. The supporting schedules, if any, included in or incorporated in the Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein. Such financial statements and supporting schedules, if any, have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles as applied in the United States applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved, except as may be expressly stated in the related notes thereto. No other financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included in or incorporated in the Registration Statement.

(m) <u>XBRL</u>. The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission's rules and guidelines applicable thereto.

(n) <u>Incorporation and Good Standing of the Company and its Subsidiaries</u>. The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated herein and therein. Each subsidiary of the Company (each a "**<u>Subsidiary</u>**") has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation or limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified as a foreign corporation or foreign partnership to transact business and is in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation and each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except for such jurisdictions where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. Except as described in the Prospectus, all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of the Subsidiaries have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned by the Company free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance or claim. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the Subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the most recently ended fiscal year and other than (i) those Subsidiaries not required to be listed on Exhibit 21.1 by Item 601 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act and (ii) those Subsidiaries formed since the last day of the most recently ended fiscal year.

(o) <u>Capital Stock Matters</u>. The Common Stock conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus. All of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and have been issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws. None of the outstanding shares of Common Stock were issued in violation of any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities of the Company. There are no authorized or outstanding options, warrants, preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or other rights to purchase, or equity or debt securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than those accurately described in all material respects in the Prospectus. The description of the Company's stock option, stock bonus and other stock plans or arrangements, and the options or other rights granted thereunder, set forth in the Prospectus accurately and fairly presents in all material respects the information required to be shown with respect to such plans, arrangements, options and rights.

(p) <u>Non-Contravention of Agreements and Instruments; No Further Authorizations or Approvals Required</u>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is (A) in violation of its charter, by-laws or similar organizational document except, in the case of the Company's Subsidiaries, for such violations that would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change, (B) in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound or to which any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject (collectively, "**<u>Agreements and Instruments</u>**"), except for such defaults that would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change, or (C) in violation of any law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any arbitrator, court, governmental body, regulatory body, administrative agency or other authority, body or agency having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties, assets or operations (each, a "**<u>Governmental Entity</u>**"), except for such violations that would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and in the Prospectus and compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such conflicts, breaches, defaults or Repayment Events or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change), nor will such action result in any violation of (i) the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, by-laws or similar organizational document of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any Governmental Entity, except in the case of clause (ii) for such violations as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. As used herein, a "**<u>Repayment Event</u>**" means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(q) <u>No Material Actions or Proceedings</u>. Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, where in any such case (A) there is a reasonable possibility that such action, suit or proceeding might be determined adversely to the Company or such Subsidiary and (B) any such action, suit or proceeding, if so determined adversely, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change or adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Except as described in the Prospectus, no material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the Company's knowledge, is threatened or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or any Subsidiary's principal suppliers, manufacturers, or customers, which, in either case, would result in a Material Adverse Change.

(r) <u>All Necessary Permits, etc</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, "**<u>Governmental Licenses</u>**") issued by the appropriate Governmental Entities necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, except where the failure so to possess would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. All of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Governmental Licenses which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would result in a Material Adverse Change.

(s) <u>Title to Property</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries do not own any real property. The Company and its Subsidiaries have title to all tangible personal property owned by them, in each case, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such as (A) are described in the Prospectus or (B) do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries holds properties described in the Prospectus, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has any notice of any material claim that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any Subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above.

(t) <u>Tax Law Compliance</u>. The Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries have filed or will (after giving effect to any valid extensions with respect to the filing of tax returns) file all material necessary federal, state and foreign income, property and franchise tax returns and have paid or will (after giving effect to any valid extensions with respect to the filing of tax returns), pay all taxes required to be paid by any of them and, if due and payable, any related or similar assessment, fine or penalty levied against any of them except as may be being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company has made adequate charges, accruals and reserves in the applicable financial statements referred to in <u>Section 6(l)</u> above in respect of all federal, state and foreign income, property and franchise taxes for all periods as to which the tax liability of the Company or any of its consolidated Subsidiaries has not been finally determined, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change.

(u) <u>Company Not an "Investment Company</u>". The Company has been advised of the rules and requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "**<u>Investment Company Act</u>**"). The Company is not, and after receipt of payment for the Common Stock will not be, an "investment company" within the meaning of Investment Company Act.

(v) <u>Insurance</u>. Except as otherwise described in the Prospectus, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility with policies in such amounts and with such deductibles and covering such risks as are generally deemed prudent and customary for the business for which it is engaged. Except as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, the Company has no reason to believe that it or any Subsidiary will not be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Change.

(w) <u>No Price Stabilization or Manipulation</u>. The Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly (without giving effect to the activities of Cowen), any action designed to or that might be reasonably expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares.

(x) <u>Related Party Transactions</u>. There are no business relationships or related-party transactions involving the Company or any Subsidiary or any other person required to be described in the Prospectus which have not been described as required.

(y) <u>Exchange Act Compliance</u>. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, at the time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectus, at the Settlement Dates, will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

(z) <u>No Unlawful Contributions or Other Payments</u>. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government officials or employees, political parties or campaigns, political party officials, or candidates for political office from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any applicable anti-corruption laws, rules, or regulations of any other jurisdiction in which the Company or any Subsidiary conducts business; or (iv) made any other unlawful bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment to any person.

(aa) <u>Compliance with Money Laundering Laws</u>. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by Title III of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act), and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company and its Subsidiaries conduct business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the "**<u>Anti-Money Laundering Laws</u>**"), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority, body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.

(bb) <u>Compliance with OFAC</u>.

(A) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer or employee thereof or any agent, affiliate, representative, or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, is an individual or entity ("**<u>Person</u>**") that is, or is owned or controlled by a Person that is: (i) the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control ("**<u>OFAC</u>**"), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union ("**<u>EU</u>**"), His Majesty's Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, "**<u>Sanctions</u>**"), nor (ii) located, organized, or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of a U.S. government embargo (including, without limitation, the so-called Donetsk People's Republic, the so-called Luhansk People's Republic, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).

(B) The Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the Net Proceeds, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such Net Proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person: (i) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions, or in any country or territory that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject of a U.S. government embargo; or (ii) in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person (including Cowen).

(C) For the past five (5) years, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in, are not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any direct or indirect dealings or transactions with any Person that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions or any country or territory that, at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of a U.S. government embargo.

(cc) <u>Company's Accounting System</u>. The Company maintains a system of "internal control over financial reporting" (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act (the "**<u>Exchange Act Rules</u>**")) that complies with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and has been designed by its principal executive and principal financial officers, or under their supervision, to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is effective. Except as described in the Prospectus, since the end of the Company's most recent audited fiscal year, there has been (A) no material weakness in the Company's internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated) and (B) no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that has materially and adversely affected, or is reasonably likely to materially and adversely affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

(dd) <u>Compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act</u>. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or implementing the provisions thereof that are in effect and with which the Company is required to comply.

(ee) <u>Disclosure Controls</u>. The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act Rules) that are designed to comply with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act. The Company has conducted evaluations of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls as required by Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act.

(ff) <u>Compliance with Environmental Laws</u>. Except as described in the Prospectus or as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change, (A) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any applicable federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products, asbestos-containing materials or mold (collectively, "**<u>Hazardous Materials</u>**") or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "**<u>Environmental Laws</u>**"), (B) the Company and its Subsidiaries have all permits, authorizations and approvals required for their operations under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigations or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (D) to the knowledge of the Company, there are no events or circumstances existing as of the date hereof that would reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or Governmental Entity, against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws.

(gg) <u>Intellectual Property</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess the right to use all patents, patent applications, inventions, licenses, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, copyrights, and other intellectual property, and registrations and applications for registration of any of the foregoing (collectively, "**<u>Intellectual Property</u>**") necessary to conduct their business as presently conducted and currently contemplated to be conducted in the future as set forth in the Prospectus or which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. To the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, whether through their respective products and services or the conduct of their respective businesses, has infringed, misappropriated, conflicted with or otherwise violated, or is currently infringing, misappropriating, conflicting with or otherwise violating, and none of the Company or its Subsidiaries have received any heretofore unresolved communication or notice of infringement of, misappropriation of, conflict with or violation of, any Intellectual Property of any other person or entity, other than as described in the Prospectus or which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any communication or notice (in each case that has not been resolved) alleging that by conducting their business as set forth in the Prospectus, such parties would infringe, misappropriate, conflict with, or violate, any of the Intellectual Property of any other person or entity. Except as described in the Prospectus, the Company knows of no infringement, misappropriation or violation by others of Intellectual Property owned by or licensed to the Company or its Subsidiaries which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps necessary to secure their interests in such Intellectual Property from their employees and contractors and to protect the confidentiality of their confidential information and trade secrets. None of the Intellectual Property employed by the Company or its Subsidiaries has been obtained or is being used by the Company or its Subsidiaries in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of their respective officers, directors or employees, except as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Change. Except as described in the Prospectus, to the knowledge of the Company, all Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by the Company or its Subsidiaries is free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, defects or other restrictions (other than non-exclusive licenses granted in the ordinary course of business), except those that would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Change. Except as described in the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries are not subject to any judgment, order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or any Governmental Entity, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries entered into or become a party to any agreement made in settlement of any pending or threatened litigation, which materially restricts or impairs their use of any Intellectual Property.

(hh) <u>Company IT Systems</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries own or have a valid right to access and use all computer systems, networks, hardware, software, databases, websites, and equipment used to process, store, maintain and operate data, information, and functions used in connection with the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (the "**<u>Company IT Systems</u>**"), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change. The Company IT Systems are adequate for, and operate and perform as required in connection with, the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Change. The Company and its Subsidiaries have implemented commercially reasonable backup, security and disaster recovery technology consistent in all material respects with applicable regulatory standards and customary industry practices.

(ii) <u>Cybersecurity and Data Privacy</u>. Except as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change or as described in the Prospectus, (A) there has been no security breach or, to the Company's knowledge, other compromise of or relating to the Company IT Systems; (B) the Company has not been notified of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any such security breach or other compromise of the Company IT Systems; (C) the Company and its Subsidiaries have implemented, comply with, and take appropriate steps reasonably designed to ensure compliance with policies and procedures with respect to the Company IT Systems and relating to data privacy and security and the collection, storage, use, disclosure, handling and analysis of Personal Data (the "**<u>Policies</u>**") that are reasonably consistent with industry standards and practices, or as required by applicable regulatory standards or Privacy Laws; (D) the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes, judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, including, without limitation, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ("**<u>HIPAA</u>**"), as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (the "**<u>HITECH Act</u>**") (42 U.S.C. Section 17921 et seq.); and the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have taken all reasonably necessary actions to comply with the applicable provisions of the European Union General Data Protection Regulation ("**<u>GDPR</u>**") (EU 2016/679), and contractual obligations (collectively, "**<u>Privacy Laws</u>**"), in each case, relating to data privacy and security, to the privacy and security of the Company IT Systems or to the protection of the Company IT Systems from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification; and (E) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, has received notice of any actual or potential liability under or relating to, or actual or potential violation of, any of the Privacy Laws. "**<u>Personal Data</u>**" means (i) a natural persons' name, street address, telephone number, email address, photograph, social security number, bank information, or customer or account number; (ii) any information which would qualify as "personally identifying information" under the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended; (iii) Protected Health Information as defined by HIPAA; (iv) "personal data" as defined by GDPR; and (v) any other piece of information that allows the identification of such natural person, or his or her family, or permits the collection or analysis of any data related to an identified person's health or sexual orientation. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or any other agreement referred to in this Agreement will not result in a breach of any Privacy Laws or Policies.

(jj) <u>Listing</u>. The Company is subject to and in compliance in all material respects with the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and is listed on the Nasdaq, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or reasonably likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from the Exchange, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or Nasdaq is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.

(kk) <u>Brokers</u>. Except for Cowen, there is no broker, finder or other party that is entitled to receive from the Company any brokerage or finder's fee or other fee or commission as a result of any transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(ll) <u>No Outstanding Loans or Other Indebtedness</u>. Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of the members of any of their immediate families.

(mm) <u>No Reliance</u>. The Company has not relied upon Cowen or legal counsel for Cowen for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares.

(nn) <u>FINRA Exemption</u>. The Company qualifies as an "experienced issuer" (within the meaning of FINRA Conduct Rule 5110(j)(6)) for purposes of the exemption from filing under FINRA Conduct Rule 5110(h)(1)(C).

(oo) <u>Compliance with Laws</u>. The Company has not been advised, and has no reason to believe, that it and each of its Subsidiaries are not conducting business in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdictions in which it is conducting business, except where failure to be so in compliance would not result in a Material Adverse Change.

(pp) <u>Export and Import Laws</u>. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries, and, to the Company's knowledge, each of their affiliates and any director, officer, agent or employee of, or other person associated with or acting on behalf of, the Company has acted at all times in material compliance with applicable Export and Import Laws (as defined below) and there are no claims, complaints, charges, investigations or proceedings pending or expected or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened between the Company or any of the Subsidiaries and any Governmental Authority under any Export or Import Laws that is reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Change. The term "**<u>Export and Import Laws</u>**" means the Arms Export Control Act, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, the Export Administration Act of 1979, as amended, the Export Administration Regulations, and all other laws and regulations of the United States government regulating the provision of services to non-U.S. parties or the export and import of articles or information from and to the United States of America, and all similar laws and regulations of any foreign government regulating the provision of services to parties not of the foreign country or the export and import of articles and information from and to the foreign country to parties not of the foreign country.

(qq) <u>Other At The Market Sales Agreements</u>. The Company is not a party to any agreement with an agent or underwriter for any other "at the market" offering.

(rr) <u>Lending Relationship</u>. The Company (i) does not have any material lending or other relationship with Cowen or its affiliated entities and (ii) does not intend to use any of the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares to repay any outstanding debt owed to Cowen or its affiliated entities.

(rr) <u>Statistical and Market-Related Data</u>. Any statistical and market-related data included in the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes, after reasonable inquiry, to be reliable and accurate in all material respects and, to the extent required, the Company has obtained written consent to the use of such data from such sources, except as would not result in a Material Adverse Change.

(ss) <u>Regulatory Matters</u>. Except as described in the Prospectus, and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change: (i) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any FDA Form 483, notice of adverse finding, warning letter or other correspondence or notice from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("**<u>FDA</u>**") or any other Governmental Entity alleging or asserting noncompliance with any Applicable Laws (as defined in clause (ii) below) or Authorizations (as defined in clause (iii) below); (ii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance with statutes, laws, ordinances, rules and regulations applicable to the Company and its Subsidiaries for the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling, promotion, sale, offer for sale, storage, import, export or disposal of any product manufactured or distributed by the Company, including without limitation, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 21 U.S.C. § 301, et seq., similar laws of other Governmental Entities and the regulations promulgated pursuant to such laws (collectively, "**<u>Applicable Laws</u>**"); (iii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries possesses all licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such Applicable Laws and/or to carry on its businesses as now conducted ("**<u>Authorizations</u>**") and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and the Company is not in violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received notice of any ongoing claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Entity or third party alleging that any product, operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations or has any knowledge that any such Governmental Entity or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, nor, to the Company's knowledge, has there been any noncompliance with or violation of any Applicable Laws by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that could reasonably be expected to require the issuance of any such communication or result in an investigation, corrective action, or enforcement action by FDA or similar Governmental Entity; (v) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received notice that any Governmental Entity has taken, is taking or intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations or has any knowledge that any such Governmental Entity is threatening or is considering such action; and (vi) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were complete, correct and not misleading on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission). Neither the Company, any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents has been convicted of any crime under any Applicable Laws or has been the subject of an FDA debarment proceeding. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has been nor is now subject to FDA's Application Integrity Policy. To the Company's knowledge, neither the Company, any Subsidiary nor any of its directors, officers, employees or agents, has made, or caused the making of, any false statements on, or material omissions from, any other records or documentation prepared or maintained to comply with the requirements of the FDA or any other Governmental Entity. Neither the Company, any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents, have with respect to each of the following statutes, or regulations promulgated thereto, as applicable: (i) engaged in activities under 42 U.S.C. §§ 1320a-7b or 1395nn; (ii) knowingly engaged in any activities under 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b or the Federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3729; or (iii) knowingly and willfully engaged in any activities under 42 U. S.C.§ 1320a-7b, which are prohibited, cause for civil penalties, or constitute a mandatory or permissive exclusion from Medicare, Medicaid, or any other State Health Care Program or Federal Health Care Program.

(tt) <u>Research, Studies and Tests</u>. The research, nonclinical and clinical studies and tests conducted by, or to the knowledge of the Company, or on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been and, if still pending, are being conducted with reasonable care and in all material respects in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to all Applicable Laws and Authorizations; the descriptions of the results of such research, nonclinical and clinical studies and tests contained in the Prospectus are accurate and complete in all material respects and fairly present in all material respects the data derived from such research, nonclinical and clinical studies, and tests; except to the extent disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company is not aware of any research, nonclinical or clinical studies or tests, the results of which the Company believes reasonably call into question the research, nonclinical or clinical study or test results described or referred to in the Prospectus when viewed in the context in which such results are described; and neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries has received any notices or correspondence from any Governmental Entity that will require the termination, suspension or material modification of any research, nonclinical or clinical study or test conducted by or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, as applicable, except, in each case, as would not result in a Material Adverse Change.

Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to Cowen or to counsel for Cowen pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to Cowen as to the matters set forth therein.

The Company acknowledges that Cowen and, for purposes of the opinions to be delivered pursuant to <u>Section 7</u> hereof, counsel to the Company and counsel to Cowen, will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and hereby consents to such reliance.

7. <u>Covenants of the Company</u>. The Company covenants and agrees with Cowen that:

(a) <u>Registration Statement Amendments</u>. After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a Prospectus relating to any Placement Shares is required to be delivered by Cowen under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), (i) the Company will notify Cowen promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference, has been filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and of any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or for additional information (insofar as it related to the transactions contemplated hereby), (ii) the Company will prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon Cowen's request, any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that, in Cowen's reasonable opinion, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Placement Shares by Cowen (*provided, however*, that the failure of Cowen to make such request shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect Cowen's right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement); (iii) the Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, relating to the Placement Shares or a security convertible into the Placement Shares unless a copy thereof has been submitted to Cowen within a reasonable period of time before the filing and Cowen has not reasonably objected thereto (*provided, however*, that (A) the failure of Cowen to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect Cowen's right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement, (B) the Company has no obligations to provide Cowen any advance copy of such filing or to provide Cowen an opportunity to object to such filing if the filing does not name Cowen and does not relate to the transactions herein provided, and (C) the only remedy Cowen shall have with respect to the failure by the Company to provide Cowen with such copy or the filing of such amendment or supplement despite Cowen's objection shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement) and the Company will furnish to Cowen at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, except for those documents available via EDGAR; (iv) the Company will cause each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, other than documents incorporated by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act, or in the case of any document to be incorporated therein by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, within the time period prescribed (the determination to file or not to file any amendment or supplement with the Commission under this Section 7(a) based on the Company's reasonable opinion or reasonable objections, shall be made exclusively by the Company) and (v) prior to the termination of this Agreement, the Company will notify Cowen if at any time the Registration Statement shall no longer be effective as a result of the passage of time pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act or otherwise.

(b) <u>Notice of Commission Stop Orders</u>. The Company will advise Cowen, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose; and it will promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued.

(c) <u>Delivery of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes</u>. During any period in which a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered by Cowen under the Securities Act with respect to a pending sale of the Placement Shares, (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and to file on or before their respective due dates (taking into account any extensions available under the Exchange Act) all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d) or any other provision of or under the Exchange Act. If during such period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or the Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify Cowen to suspend the offering of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; *provided, however*, that the Company may delay any such amendment or supplement if, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, it is in the best interest of the Company to do so, provided that no Placement Notice is in effect during such time.

(d) <u>Listing of Placement Shares</u>. During any period in which the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered by Cowen under the Securities Act with respect to a pending sale of the Placement Shares (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Placement Shares to be listed on Nasdaq and to qualify the Placement Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as Cowen reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Placement Shares; *provided, however,* that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or dealer in securities or file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction.

(e) <u>Delivery of Registration Statement and Prospectus</u>. The Company will furnish to Cowen and its counsel (at the expense of the Company) copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference therein) and all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that are filed with the Commission during any period in which a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered under the Securities Act (including all documents filed with the Commission during such period that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in such quantities as Cowen may from time to time reasonably request and, at Cowen's request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; *provided, however,* that the Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus) to Cowen to the extent such document is available on EDGAR.

(f) <u>Earnings Statement</u>. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 15 months after the end of the Company's current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement covering a 12-month period that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 of the Securities Act. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company's compliance with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall be deemed to satisfy this Section 7(f).

(g) <u>Expenses</u>. The Company, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, in accordance with the provisions of <u>Section 11</u> hereunder, will pay the following expenses all incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, including, but not limited to, expenses relating to (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement and each amendment and supplement thereto, of each Prospectus and of each amendment and supplement thereto, (ii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the Placement Shares, (iii) the qualification of the Placement Shares under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of <u>Section 7(d)</u> of this Agreement, including filing fees (provided, however, that any fees or disbursements of counsel for Cowen in connection therewith shall be paid by Cowen except as set forth in (vii) below), (iv) the printing and delivery to Cowen of copies of the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, and of this Agreement, (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing or qualification of the Placement Shares for trading on Nasdaq, (vi) the filing fees and expenses, if any, of the Commission, (vii) the filing fees and associated legal expenses of Cowen's outside counsel for filings with the FINRA Corporate Financing Department, such legal expense reimbursement not to exceed $15,000 and (viii) the reasonable fees and disbursements of Cowen's outside counsel in an amount not to exceed $75,000.

(h) <u>Use of Proceeds</u>. The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled "Use of Proceeds."

(i) <u>Notice of Other Sales</u>. During the pendency of any Placement Notice given hereunder, and for 5 Trading Days following the termination of any Placement Notice given hereunder, the Company shall provide Cowen notice as promptly as reasonably practicable before it offers to sell, contracts to sell, sells, grants any option to sell or otherwise disposes of any shares of Common Stock (other than Placement Shares offered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire Common Stock; *provided*, that such notice shall not be required in connection with the (i) issuance, grant or sale of Common Stock, options to purchase shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units or other equity awards pursuant to any stock option, stock bonus, employee stock purchase plan or other stock plan or arrangement described in the Prospectus or pursuant to any qualifying inducement award under Nasdaq rules, (ii) issuance of securities in connection with an acquisition, merger or sale or purchase of assets, (iii) issuance or sale of Common Stock pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan that the Company may adopt from time to time provided the implementation of such is disclosed to Cowen in advance, (iv) the issuance of any shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exchange, conversion or redemption of securities or the exercise of warrants, options or other rights in effect or outstanding or (v) the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock, offered and sold in a privately negotiated transaction to vendors, customers, investors, strategic partners or potential strategic partners, financial institutions or other lenders in connection with debt arrangements, and otherwise conducted in a manner so as not to be integrated with the offering of Common Stock hereby. For avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall be construed to restrict the Company's ability, or require the Company to provide notice to Cowen, to file a registration statement with the Commission.

(j) <u>Change of Circumstances</u>. The Company will, at any time during a fiscal quarter in which the Company intends to tender a Placement Notice or sell Placement Shares hereunder, advise Cowen promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect in any material respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other document provided to Cowen pursuant to this Agreement.

(k) <u>Due Diligence Cooperation</u>. The Company will cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by Cowen or its agents in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, providing information and making available documents and senior corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company's principal offices, as Cowen may reasonably request.

(l) <u>Required Filings Relating to the Placement of Placement Shares</u>. The Company agrees that on or before such dates as the Securities Act shall require, the Company will (i) file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, and (ii) deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such sales were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market. The Company shall disclose in its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and in its annual report on Form 10-K, the number of the Placement Shares sold through Cowen under this Agreement, and the Net Proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Placement Shares and the compensation paid by the Company with respect to sales of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement during the relevant quarter or, in the case of an Annual Report on Form 10-K, during the fiscal year covered by such Annual Report and the fourth quarter of such fiscal year.

(m) <u>Bring-Down Dates; Certificate</u>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date and each time (i) the Company files the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares or amends or supplements the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares (other than a prospectus supplement filed in accordance with <u>Section 7(l)</u> of this Agreement) by means of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of document(s) by reference to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares; (ii) the Company files an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act; (iii) the Company files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act; or (iv) the Company files a current report on Form 8-K containing amended financial information (other than an earnings release) under the Exchange Act (each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) shall be a "**<u>Bring-Down Date</u>**"); the Company shall furnish Cowen with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as <u>Exhibit 7(m)</u> within three (3) Trading Days of any Bring-Down Date if requested by Cowen. The requirement to provide a certificate under this <u>Section 7(m)</u> shall be waived for any Bring-Down Date occurring at a time at which no Placement Notice is pending (which for such calendar quarter shall be not be considered a Bring-Down Date for purposes of Sections 7(n)and 7(o)), which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Placement Notice hereunder (which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Bring-Down Date) and the next occurring Bring-Down Date; *provided*, *however*, that such waiver shall not apply for any Bring-Down Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Bring-Down Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide Cowen with a certificate under this <u>Section 7(m)</u>, then before the Company delivers the Placement Notice or Cowen sells any Placement Shares, the Company shall provide Cowen with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as <u>Exhibit 7(m)</u>, dated the date of the Placement Notice.

(n) <u>Legal Opinions</u>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date and within three (3) Trading Days of each Bring-Down Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as <u>Exhibit 7(m)</u> for which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall cause to be furnished to Cowen (A) a written opinion of DLA Piper LLP (US) ("**<u>Company Counsel</u>**") and (B) a written opinion of Cooley LLP ("**<u>Company IP Counsel</u>**"), or other counsel reasonably satisfactory to Cowen, in form and substance satisfactory to Cowen and its counsel, dated the date that the opinions are required to be delivered, substantially similar to the forms attached hereto as <u>Exhibit 7(n)(i)</u> and <u>Exhibit 7(n)(ii)</u>, respectively, modified, as necessary, to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented; *provided*, *however*, that in lieu of such opinions for subsequent Bring-Down Dates, each counsel may furnish Cowen with a letter (a "**<u>Reliance Letter</u>**") to the effect that Cowen may rely on a prior opinion delivered under this <u>Section 7(n)</u> to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented at such Bring-Down Date).

(o) <u>Comfort Letter</u>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date and within three (3) Trading Days of each Bring-Down Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as <u>Exhibit 7(m)</u> for which no waiver is applicable, the Company shall cause its independent accountants to furnish Cowen letters (the "**<u>Comfort Letters</u>**"), dated the date such Comfort Letter is delivered, in form and substance satisfactory to Cowen, (i) confirming that they are an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, (ii) stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants' "comfort letters" to Cowen in connection with registered public offerings (the first such letter, the **"<u>Initial Comfort Letter</u>"**) and (iii) updating the Initial Comfort Letter with any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter.

(p) <u>Market Activities</u>. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action designed to cause or result in, or that constitutes or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares or (ii) sell, bid for, or purchase the Common Stock to be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Placement Shares other than Cowen; provided, however, that the Company may bid for and purchase shares of its common stock in accordance with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act.

(q) <u>Insurance</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain, or cause to be maintained, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is reasonable and customary for the business for which it is engaged.

(r) <u>Compliance with Laws</u>. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, all material environmental permits, licenses and other authorizations required by federal, state and local law in order to conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus, and the Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall conduct their businesses, or cause their businesses to be conducted, in substantial compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations and with applicable environmental laws, except where the failure to maintain or be in compliance with such permits, licenses and authorizations could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

(s) <u>Investment Company Act</u>. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it nor its Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an "investment company," as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act, assuming no change in the Commission's current interpretation as to entities that are not considered an investment company.

(t) <u>Securities Act and Exchange Act</u>. The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act as from time to time in force, so far as necessary to permit the continuance of sales of, or dealings in, the Placement Shares as contemplated by the provisions hereof and the Prospectus.

(u) <u>No Offer to Sell</u>. Other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, neither Cowen nor the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than Cowen in its capacity as such) will make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any written communication (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act), required to be filed with the Commission, that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy Common Stock hereunder.

(v) <u>Sarbanes-Oxley Act</u>. The Company and its Subsidiaries will use their commercially reasonable efforts to comply with all effective applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

(w) <u>Affirmation</u>. Each Placement Notice delivered by the Company to Cowen shall be deemed to be (i) an affirmation that the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained and contained in any certificate delivered to Cowen pursuant hereto are true and correct at the time of delivery of such Placement Notice, and (ii) an undertaking that such representations, warranties and agreements will be true and correct on any applicable Time of Sale and Settlement Date, as though made at and as of each such time (it being understood that such representations, warranties and agreements shall relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of such Placement Notice acceptance).

(x) <u>Renewal</u>. If immediately prior to the third anniversary (the "**<u>Renewal Deadline</u>**") of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, the aggregate gross sales price of Placement Shares sold by the Company is less than the Maximum Amount and this Agreement has not expired or been terminated, the Company will, prior to the Renewal Deadline, file, if it has not already done so and is eligible to do so, file a new shelf registration statement relating to the Placement Shares, in a form reasonably satisfactory to Cowen, and, if not automatically effective, will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within 60 days after the Renewal Deadline. The Company will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the issuance and sale of the Placement Shares to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Placement Shares. References herein to the Registration Statement shall include such new shelf registration statement.

8. <u>Conditions to Cowen's Obligations</u>. The obligations of Cowen hereunder with respect to a Placement Notice will be subject to the continuing accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and thereunder, to the completion by Cowen of a due diligence review satisfactory to Cowen in its reasonable judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by Cowen in its sole discretion) of the following additional conditions:

(a) <u>Registration Statement Effective</u>. The Registration Statement shall be effective and shall be available for (i) all sales of Placement Shares issued pursuant to all prior Placement Notices and (ii) the sale of all Placement Shares contemplated to be issued pursuant to any Placement Notice.

(b) <u>No Material Notices</u>. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (i) receipt by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Placement Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv) the occurrence of any event that makes any material statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration Statement, related Prospectus or such documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and, that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

(c) <u>No Misstatement or Material Omission</u>. Cowen shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in Cowen's reasonable opinion is material, or omits to state a fact that in Cowen's opinion is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

(d) <u>Material Changes</u>. Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the Company's reports filed with the Commission, there shall not have been any material adverse change, on a consolidated basis, in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any Material Adverse Change or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, or any downgrading in or withdrawal of the rating assigned to any of the Company's securities (other than asset backed securities) by any rating organization or a public announcement by any rating organization that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's securities (other than asset backed securities), the effect of which, in the case of any such action by a rating organization described above, in the reasonable judgment of Cowen (without relieving the Company of any obligation or liability it may otherwise have), is so material as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering of the Placement Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.

(e) <u>Company Counsel and Company IP Counsel Legal Opinions</u>. Cowen shall have received the opinions of Company Counsel and Company IP Counsel, as applicable, required to be delivered pursuant to <u>Section 7(n)</u> on or before the date on which such delivery of such opinions is required pursuant to <u>Section 7(n)</u>.

(f) <u>Cowen Counsel Legal Opinion</u>. Cowen shall have received from Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, counsel for Cowen, such opinion or opinions, on or before the date on which the delivery of the Company Counsel legal opinion is required pursuant to <u>Section 7(n)</u>, with respect to such matters as Cowen may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for enabling them to pass upon such matters.

(g) <u>Comfort Letter</u>. Cowen shall have received the Comfort Letter required to be delivered pursuant to <u>Section 7(o)</u> on or before the date on which such delivery of such Comfort Letter is required pursuant to <u>Section 7(o)</u>.

(h) <u>Representation Certificate</u>. Cowen shall have received the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to <u>Section 7(m)</u> on or before the date on which delivery of such certificate is required pursuant to <u>Section 7(m)</u>.

(i) <u>Secretary's Certificate</u>. On or prior to the First Delivery Date, Cowen shall have received a certificate, signed on behalf of the Company by its corporate secretary or assistant secretary, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Cowen and its counsel.

(j) <u>No Suspension</u>. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on Nasdaq.

(k) <u>Other Materials</u>. On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant to <u>Section 7(m)</u>, the Company shall have furnished to Cowen such appropriate further opinions, certificates and documents as Cowen may have reasonably requested. All such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents shall have been in compliance with the provisions hereof. The Company will furnish Cowen with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents as Cowen shall have reasonably requested.

(l) <u>Securities Act Filings Made</u>. All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior to the issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424.

(m) <u>Approval for Listing</u>. To the extent required by the rules of Nasdaq, the Placement Shares shall either have been (i) approved for listing on Nasdaq, subject only to notice of issuance, or (ii) the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on Nasdaq at, or prior to, the issuance of any Placement Notice.

(n) <u>No Termination Event</u>. There shall not have occurred any event that would permit Cowen to terminate this Agreement pursuant to <u>Section 11(a)</u>.

9. <u>Indemnification and Contribution</u>.

(a) <u>Company Indemnification</u>. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Cowen, the directors, officers, partners, employees and agents of Cowen and each person, if any, who (i) controls Cowen within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or (ii) is controlled by or is under common control with Cowen from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including, but not limited to, any and all reasonable investigative, legal and other expenses incurred in connection with, and any and all amounts paid in settlement (in accordance with <u>Section 9(c)</u>) of, any action, suit or proceeding between any of the indemnified parties and any indemnifying parties or between any indemnified party and any third party, or otherwise, or any claim asserted), as and when incurred, to which Cowen, or any such person, may become subject under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based, directly or indirectly, on (x) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any free writing prospectus or in any application or other document executed by or on behalf of the Company in connection with this Agreement or based on written information furnished by or on behalf of the Company filed in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Common Stock under the securities laws thereof or filed with the Commission or (y) the omission or alleged omission to state in any such document a material fact required to be stated in it or necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; *provided*, *however*, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to the extent that such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arises from the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement and is caused directly or indirectly by an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with the Agent's Information. As used herein, "**<u>Agent's Information</u>**" means, solely, the name of Cowen in the Prospectus. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Company might otherwise have.

(b) <u>Cowen Indemnification</u>. Cowen agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer of the Company that signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who (i) controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or (ii) is controlled by or is under common control with the Company against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in <u>Section 9(a)</u>, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendments thereto) or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with the Agent's Information.

(c) <u>Procedure</u>. Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this <u>Section 9</u> will, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this <u>Section 9</u>, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such action, enclosing a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i) any liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this <u>Section 9</u> and (ii) any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this <u>Section 9</u> unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by the indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party, (2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, (3) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly as they are incurred after the indemnifying party receives a written invoice related to such fees, disbursements and other charges. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of each indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters contemplated by this <u>Section 9</u> (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising or that may arise out of such claim, action or proceeding.

(d) <u>Contribution</u>. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this <u>Section 9</u> is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company or Cowen, the Company and Cowen will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by the Company from persons other than Cowen, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and Cowen may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Cowen on the other. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and Cowen on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total Net Proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total compensation received by Cowen from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and Cowen, on the other, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or Cowen, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and Cowen agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this <u>Section 9(d)</u> were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this <u>Section 9(d)</u> shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this <u>Section 9(d)</u>, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with <u>Section 9(c)</u> hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <u>Section 9(d)</u>, Cowen shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this <u>Section 9(d)</u>, any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any officers, directors, partners, employees or agents of Cowen, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each director of the Company and each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this <u>Section 9(d)</u>, will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this <u>Section 9(d)</u> except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of <u>Section 9(c)</u> hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to <u>Section 9(c)</u> hereof.

10. <u>Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery</u>. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in <u>Section 9</u> of this Agreement and all representations and warranties of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive, as of their respective dates, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of Cowen, any controlling persons, or the Company (or any of their respective officers, directors or controlling persons) or (ii) delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor or (iii) only for purposes of the indemnity and contribution provisions contained in Section 9 of this Agreement, any termination of this Agreement.

11. <u>Termination</u>.

(a) Cowen shall have the right by giving written notice as hereinafter specified at any time to terminate this Agreement if (i) any Material Adverse Change, or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change has occurred that, in the reasonable judgment of Cowen, may materially impair the ability of Cowen to sell the Placement Shares hereunder, (ii) the Company shall have failed, refused or been unable to perform any agreement on its part to be performed hereunder within the time period permitted under this Agreement or any longer period of time as may be agreed to in writing by Cowen and the Company, or (iii) any other condition precedent to Cowen's obligations hereunder is not fulfilled due to the fault of, or that is the responsibility of, the Company or its officers, employees, or agents, or (iv), any suspension or limitation of trading in the Placement Shares or in securities generally on Nasdaq shall have occurred. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of <u>Section 7(g)</u> (Expenses), <u>Section 9</u> (Indemnification and Contribution), <u>Section 10</u> (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), <u>Section 16</u> (Applicable Law; Consent to Jurisdiction) and <u>Section 17</u> (Waiver of Jury Trial) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. If Cowen elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this <u>Section 11(a)</u>, Cowen shall provide the required notice as specified in <u>Section 12</u> (Notices).

(b) The Company shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days' notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of <u>Section 7(g)</u>, <u>Section 9</u>, <u>Section 10</u>, <u>Section 16</u> and <u>Section 17</u> hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.

(c) Cowen shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days' notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreemen**t**. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of <u>Section 7(g)</u>, <u>Section 9</u>, <u>Section 10</u>, <u>Section 16</u> and <u>Section 17</u> hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.

(d) Unless earlier terminated pursuant to this <u>Section 11</u>, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale of all of the Placement Shares through Cowen on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein; *provided* that the provisions of <u>Section 7(g)</u>, <u>Section 9</u>, <u>Section 10</u>, <u>Section 16</u> and <u>Section 17</u> hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination.

(e) This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to <u>Sections 11(a)</u>, <u>(b)</u>, <u>(c)</u>, or <u>(d)</u> above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; *provided, however,* that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that <u>Section 7(g)</u>, <u>Section 9</u>, <u>Section 10</u>, <u>Section 16</u> and <u>Section 17</u> shall remain in full force and effect.

(f) Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; *provided, however,* that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by Cowen or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

(g) Subject to the additional limitation set forth in <u>Section 7</u> of this Agreement, in the event of termination of this Agreement prior to the sale of any Shares, Cowen shall be entitled only to the reimbursement of its out-of-pocket expenses actually incurred.

12. <u>Notices</u>. All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given by any party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified in this Agreement, and if sent to Cowen, shall be delivered to Cowen at Cowen and Company, LLC, 599 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022, Attention: General Counsel, email: bradley.friedman@cowen.com; or if sent to the Company, shall be delivered to Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 305 Madison Avenue, Morristown, NJ 07960, attention: Jared Freedberg, General Counsel, email: jared.freedberg@interceptpharma.com, with a copy to DLA Piper LLP (US), attention: Andrew Gilbert and Emilio Ragosa, email: andrew.gilbert@us.dlapiper.com and emilio.ragosa@us.dlapiper.com. Each party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed given (i) when delivered personally on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day (as defined below), or, if such day is not a Business Day on the next succeeding Business Day, (ii) on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier, (iii) on the Business Day actually received if deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid) and (iv) when delivered by email communication ("**<u>Electronic Notice</u>**"), at the time the party sending Electronic Notice receives verification of receipt by the receiving party, other than via auto reply. If sent by hard copy, notices shall also be sent with a courtesy copy by email. For purposes of this Agreement, "**<u>Business Day</u>**" shall mean any day on which the Nasdaq and commercial banks in the City of New York are open for business.

13. <u>Successors and Assigns</u>. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and Cowen and their respective successors and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in <u>Section 9</u> hereof. References to any of the parties contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party; *provided*, *however*, that Cowen may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to an affiliate of Cowen without obtaining the Company's consent, so long as such affiliate is a registered broker dealer.

14. <u>Adjustments for Share Splits</u>. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any share split, share dividend or similar event effected with respect to the Common Stock.

15. <u>Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability</u>. This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement Notices issued pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. Neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and Cowen. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable as written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder of the terms and provisions hereof shall be in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement.

16. <u>Applicable Law; Consent to Jurisdiction</u>. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflicts of laws. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection with any transaction contemplated hereby, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law.

17. <u>Waiver of Jury Trial</u>. The Company and Cowen each hereby irrevocably waives any right it may have to a trial by jury in respect of any claim based upon or arising out of this Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby.

18. <u>Absence of Fiduciary Relationship</u>*.* The Company acknowledges and agrees that:

(a) Cowen has been retained solely to act as an arm's length contractual counterparty to the Company in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares contemplated hereby and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and Cowen has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether Cowen has advised or is advising the Company on other matters;

(b) the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

(c) the Company has been advised that Cowen and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that Cowen has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and

(d) the Company waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against Cowen, for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the sale of Placement Shares under this Agreement and agrees that Cowen shall have no liability (whether direct or indirect) to the Company in respect of such a fiduciary claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on behalf of or in right of the Company, including stockholders, partners, employees or creditors of the Company.

19. <u>Counterparts</u>. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile or other electronic transmission (i.e., a "pdf" or "tif"), including any electronic signature complying with the New York Electronic Signatures and Records Act (N.Y. State Tech. Sec. 301-309), as amended from time to time, or other applicable law, shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart thereof.

20. <u>Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes</u>.

(a) In the event that Cowen is a Covered Entity and becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from Cowen of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(b) In the event that Cowen is a Covered Entity and Cowen or a BHC Act Affiliate of Cowen becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against Cowen are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(c) For purposes of this Section 20; (a) "BHC Act Affiliate" has the meaning assigned to the term "affiliate" in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k), (b) "Covered Entity" means any of the following: (i) a "covered entity" as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (ii) a "covered bank" as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (iii) a "covered FSI" as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b), (c) "Default Right" has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable, and (d) "U.S. Special Resolution Regime" means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

**[Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank]**

If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and Cowen, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and Cowen.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Very truly yours, | Very truly yours, |
| **COWEN AND COMPANY, LLC** | **COWEN AND COMPANY, LLC** |
| By: | /s/ Tanya Joseph |
|  | Name: Tanya Joseph |
|  | Title: Managing Director |
| **ACCEPTED as of the date** | **ACCEPTED as of the date** |
| **first-above written:** | **first-above written:** |
| **INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.** | **INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Andrew Saik |
| Name: Andrew Saik | Name: Andrew Saik |
| Title: Chief Financial Officer | Title: Chief Financial Officer |

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## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

March 24, 2023

Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

305 Madison Avenue

Morristown, New Jersey 07960

RE: Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "<u>Company</u>"), in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company from time to time of shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million (the "<u>Placement Shares</u>"), pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "<u>SEC</u>") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "<u>Securities Act</u>"), on March 24, 2023, which became effective immediately upon filing (the "<u>Registration Statement</u>"), the related base prospectus, dated March 24, 2023 (the "<u>Base Prospectus</u>"), and the prospectus supplement, dated March 24, 2023 (the "<u>Prospectus Supplement</u>" and together with the Base Prospectus, the "<u>Prospectus</u>"), filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, and a sales agreement dated March 24, 2023 by and between the Company and Cowen and Company, LLC (the "<u>Sales Agreement</u>").

In connection with this opinion letter, we have examined the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Sales Agreement, and originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as Amended and the Restated Bylaws of the Company, and such other documents, records and other instruments as we have deemed appropriate for purposes of the opinion set forth herein.

We have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the authenticity of the documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity with the originals of all documents submitted to us as certified, facsimile or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of all documents submitted to us as copies.

Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Placement Shares have been duly authorized by the Company and, when issued and sold by the Company and delivered by the Company against receipt of the purchase price therefor, in the manner contemplated by the Sales Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

The opinions expressed herein are limited to the Delaware General Corporation Law.

We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2023 and its incorporation by reference into the Registration Statement and to the reference to us under the caption "Legal Matters" in the Prospectus Supplement. In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are acting within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules or regulations of the SEC thereunder.

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| |
|:---|
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ DLA Piper LLP (US) |

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