# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001992243
**File Stem:** 0001213900-25-118483
**Filing Date:** 2025-12
**Character Count:** 155994
**Document Hash:** e7d7c71ddb7bd76ff100d938e23ffb4d
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001213900-25-118483.hdr.sgml**: 20251205

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001213900-25-118483

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 8-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 15

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20251203

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Other Events

**ITEM INFORMATION**: Financial Statements and Exhibits

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20251205

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20251205

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** T1 Energy Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001992243
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** SEMICONDUCTORS & RELATED DEVICES [3674]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 04 Manufacturing
- **EIN:** 933205861
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 8-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-41903
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251551342

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1211 E 4TH ST.
- **CITY:** AUSTIN
- **STATE:** TX
- **ZIP:** 78702
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 409-599-5706

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1211 E 4TH ST.
- **CITY:** AUSTIN
- **STATE:** TX
- **ZIP:** 78702

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** FREYR Battery, Inc. /DE/
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20230901

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?

**UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM 8-K**

**CURRENT REPORT**

**PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE**

**SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934**

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): **December 3, 2025**

**T1 Energy Inc.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **333-274434** | **93-3205861** |
| (State or other jurisdiction <br> of incorporation) | (Commission File Number) | (IRS Employer<br> Identification No.) |

---

---

| |
|:---|
| **1211 E 4th St.<br> Austin, Texas 78702** |
| (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) |

---

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: **409-599-5706**

**Not Applicable** (Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Title of each class** | **Trading Symbol(s)** | **Name of each exchange on which registered** |
| Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | TE | The New York Stock Exchange |
| Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 | TE WS | The New York Stock Exchange |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§ 230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§ 240.12b-2).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

**Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.**

The Board of Directors (the "Board") of T1 Energy Inc. (the "Company") approved the Company's Third Amended and Restated Bylaws, which were effective as of December 4, 2025 to reflect the removal of the "only for cause" qualification from the removal of directors provision pursuant to Section 242 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") and as described further herein. Pursuant to Section 242 of the DGCL, stockholder approval was not required to approve or effect the amendment.

A copy of the Third Amended and Restated Bylaws is attached hereto as Exhibit 3.1 and incorporated herein by reference.

**Item 5.07 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.**

The Company held its special meeting of stockholders virtually on December 3, 2025 (the "Special Meeting"). The following matters were submitted to a vote of the stockholders, the results of which were as follows:

**Proposal 1 -** The issuance of 17,918,460 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.01 (the "Common Stock"), issuable pursuant to the conversion of the Convertible Note Instrument (as defined in the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on October 24, 2025, as revised on November 19, 2025 (the "Proxy Statement")).

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **For** | **Against** | **Abstain** |
| 95868693 | 1999964 | 575030 |

---

**Proposal 2 -** To approve an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and restated on February 19, 2025 ("Certificate of Incorporation"), that will establish limits on the foreign ownership of the Company's capital stock to facilitate compliance with applicable U.S. tax laws.

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **For** | **Against** | **Abstain** |
| 91913773 | 398362 | 148497 |

---

**Proposal 3 -** To approve an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock of the Company from 355,000,000 shares to 500,000,000 shares.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **For** | **Against** | **Abstain** |
| 108691554 | 3817608 | 861394 |

---

**Proposal 4 -** To approve an amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation to remove the "only for cause" qualification from the removal of directors provision.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **For** | **Against** | **Abstain** |
| 91001992 | 1103056 | 355584 |

---

**Item 8.01 Other Events.**

*Certificate of Amendment*

 

At the Special Meeting, the Company's stockholders voted to approve amendments to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation (the "Amendments") to (i) establish limits on the foreign ownership of its capital stock to facilitate its compliance with applicable U.S. tax laws, (ii) increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock of the Company from 355,000,000 shares to 500,000,000 shares and (iii) remove the "only for cause" qualification from the removal of directors provision.

Detailed descriptions of the Amendments were set forth in Proposals 2, 3 and 4 in the Proxy Statement, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate of Amendment"), a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 3.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference. The Board previously approved the Amendments, and they became effective at 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on December 4, 2025, following the filing of the Certificate of Amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State on December 3, 2025.

*Business Update*

The Company recently signed a 2.0 GW, fixed-margin offtake contract for 2026 module deliveries, with 3.0 GW of total module sales contracted at fixed margins for G1_Dallas in 2026.

*U.S. Department of Justice Subpoenas and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Voluntary Document Request*

In November 2025, the Company and a Company executive and Board member (the "Individual") received grand jury subpoenas from the Department of Justice ("DOJ"), which request the production of documents relating to the sale of the Company's stock in the second half of 2023 on the account of the Individual, who was a director of the Company at that time. Shortly thereafter, the Company received a voluntary document request from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") seeking similar information. The Company believes that the relevant trades relate to stock that the Individual pledged as collateral against a personal loan, which was approved in accordance with the Company's insider trading policy. The Company is cooperating with both the DOJ and SEC, and it is not possible at this time to predict the duration, outcome or impact of such matters.

**Forward-Looking Statements**

This Current Report on Form 8-K contains forward-looking statements that are based on the Company's management's beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to management. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements with respect to any contracted sales in 2026 and the duration, outcome or impact of any matters related to the DOJ and SEC. Forward-looking statements include statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "seek," "should," "will," "would" or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms. The Company's actual results and the timing of events could materially differ from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of certain risks and uncertainties including those described in more detail in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other documents on file with the SEC, as well as the risk of the possibility of further material delays in the Company's financial reporting. The Company disclaims and does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement in this filing, except as required by applicable law or regulation.

**Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Exhibits.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit No.** | **Description** |
| 3.1 | [Third Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective as of December 4, 2025.](ea026849801ex3-1_t1energy.htm) |
| 3.2 | [Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated December 3, 2025.](ea026849801ex3-2_t1energy.htm) |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document). |

---

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **T1 ENERGY INC.** | **T1 ENERGY INC.** |
| Date: December 5, 2025 | By: | /s/ Daniel Barcelo |
|  | Name: | Daniel Barcelo |
|  | Title: | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board |

---

## Exhibit 3.1

**Exhibit 3.1**

**THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED<br> BYLAWS**

**OF**

**T1 ENERGY INC.**

**A Delaware Corporation**

**Effective December 4, 2025**

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Page** |
| ARTICLE I | ARTICLE I | ARTICLE I |
| OFFICES | OFFICES | OFFICES |
| Section 1. | Registered Office | 1 |
| Section 2. | Other Offices | 1 |
| ARTICLE II | ARTICLE II | ARTICLE II |
| MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS | MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS | MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS |
| Section 1. | Place of Meetings | 1 |
| Section 2. | Annual Meetings | 1 |
| Section 3. | Special Meetings | 1 |
| Section 4. | Notice | 2 |
| Section 5. | Adjournments and Postponements | 2 |
| Section 6. | Quorum | 2 |
| Section 7. | Voting | 3 |
| Section 8. | Proxies | 3 |
| Section 9. | List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote | 4 |
| Section 10. | Record Date | 4 |
| Section 11. | Stock Ledger | 4 |
| Section 12. | Conduct of Meetings | 4 |
| Section 13. | Inspectors of Election | 5 |
| Section 14. | Nature of Business at Meetings of Stockholders | 5 |
| Section 15. | Nomination of Directors | 7 |
| ARTICLE III | ARTICLE III | ARTICLE III |
| DIRECTORS | DIRECTORS | DIRECTORS |
| Section 1. | Number and Election of Directors | 9 |
| Section 2. | Vacancies | 9 |
| Section 3. | Duties and Powers | 10 |
| Section 4. | Meetings | 10 |
| Section 5. | Organization | 10 |
| Section 6. | Resignations and Removals of Directors | 10 |
| Section 7. | Quorum | 11 |
| Section 8. | Actions of the Board by Written Consent | 11 |
| Section 9. | Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone | 11 |
| Section 10. | Committees | 11 |
| Section 11. | Subcommittees | 12 |
| Section 12. | Compensation | 12 |
| Section 13. | Interested Directors | 12 |

---

i

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| ARTICLE IV | ARTICLE IV | ARTICLE IV |
| OFFICERS | OFFICERS | OFFICERS |
| Section 1. | General | 12 |
| Section 2. | Election | 12 |
| Section 3. | Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation | 13 |
| Section 4. | Chief Executive Officer | 13 |
| Section 5. | Chair of the Board of Directors | 13 |
| Section 6. | Secretary | 13 |
| Section 7. | Assistant Secretaries | 13 |
| Section 8. | Other Officers | 13 |
| ARTICLE V | ARTICLE V | ARTICLE V |
| STOCK | STOCK | STOCK |
| Section 1. | Shares of Stock | 14 |
| Section 2. | Signatures | 14 |
| Section 3. | Lost Certificates | 14 |
| Section 4. | Transfers | 14 |
| Section 5. | Dividend Record Date | 15 |
| Section 6. | Record Owners | 15 |
| Section 7. | Transfer and Registry Agents | 15 |
| ARTICLE VI | ARTICLE VI | ARTICLE VI |
| NOTICES | NOTICES | NOTICES |
| Section 1. | Notices | 15 |
| Section 2. | Waivers of Notice | 15 |
| ARTICLE VII | ARTICLE VII | ARTICLE VII |
| GENERAL PROVISIONS | GENERAL PROVISIONS | GENERAL PROVISIONS |
| Section 1. | Dividends | 16 |
| Section 2. | Disbursements | 16 |
| Section 3. | Fiscal Year | 16 |
| Section 4. | Corporate Seal | 16 |

---

ii

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| ARTICLE VIII | ARTICLE VIII | ARTICLE VIII |
| INDEMNIFICATION | INDEMNIFICATION | INDEMNIFICATION |
| Section 1. | Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation | 16 |
| Section 2. | Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation | 16 |
| Section 3. | Authorization of Indemnification | 17 |
| Section 4. | Good Faith Defined | 17 |
| Section 5. | Indemnification by a Court | 17 |
| Section 6. | Expenses Payable in Advance | 17 |
| Section 7. | Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses | 18 |
| Section 8. | Insurance | 18 |
| Section 9. | Certain Definitions | 18 |
| Section 10. | Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses | 19 |
| Section 11. | Limitation on Indemnification | 19 |
| Section 12. | Indemnification of Employees and Agents | 19 |
| ARTICLE IX | ARTICLE IX | ARTICLE IX |
| FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF CERTAIN DISPUTES | FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF CERTAIN DISPUTES | FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF CERTAIN DISPUTES |
| Section 1. | Forum for Adjudication of Certain Disputes | 19 |
| ARTICLE X | ARTICLE X | ARTICLE X |
| AMENDMENTS | AMENDMENTS | AMENDMENTS |
| Section 1. | Amendments | 20 |
| Section 2. | Entire Board of Directors | 20 |

---

iii

**THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS**

**OF**

**T1 ENERGY INC.**

**(hereinafter called the "Corporation")**

**ARTICLE I** 

<br> **<u>OFFICES</u>**

Section 1. <u>Registered Office</u>. The registered office of the Corporation shall be 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, 19801.

Section 2. <u>Other Offices</u>. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

**ARTICLE II** 

<br> **<u>MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS</u>**

Section 1. <u>Place of Meetings</u>. Meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such time and place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of the stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication in the manner authorized by Section 211 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "**DGCL**").

Section 2. <u>Annual Meetings</u>. The Annual Meeting of Stockholders for the election of directors shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors. Any other proper business may be transacted at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Section 3. <u>Special Meetings</u>. Unless otherwise required by law or by the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and restated from time to time (the "**Certificate of Incorporation**"), Special Meetings of Stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, may be called only by (i) the Board of Directors, (ii) the Chair of the Board of Directors, if there be one, or (iii) a stockholder, or a group of stockholders, holding more than twenty percent (20%) of the total voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation and entitled to vote on the matter for which such Special Meeting of Stockholders is called if such stockholder, or group of stockholders, have dated, signed and delivered to the Secretary a written demand for such Special Meeting of Stockholders at least ninety (90) days prior to the proposed date for such Special Meeting of Stockholders, describing each matter of business desired to be brought before the Special Meeting of Stockholders, the reasons for conducting such business, the text of any proposal or business to be considered, and the information required by <u>Sections 14</u> and <u>15</u> of <u>Article II</u> (replacing references to "**Annual Meeting**" with "**Special Meeting**").

Section 4. <u>Notice</u>. Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a notice of the meeting shall be given in accordance with Section 232 of the DGCL, and such notice shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such meeting and, in the case of a Special Meeting of Stockholders, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise required by law, notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such meeting. At a Special Meeting of Stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall be specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto).

Section 5. <u>Adjournments and Postponements</u>. Any meeting of the stockholders may be adjourned or postponed from time to time by the chair of such meeting or by the Board of Directors, without the need for approval thereof by stockholders to reconvene or convene, respectively at the same or some other place. Notice need not be given of any such adjourned or postponed meeting (including an adjournment taken to address a technical failure to convene or continue a meeting using remote communication) if the time and place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned or postponed meeting are (i) with respect to an adjourned meeting, (a) announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, (b) displayed during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication, or (c) set forth in the notice of meeting given in accordance with <u>Section 4</u> of this <u>Article II</u>, or (ii) with respect to a postponed meeting, are publicly announced. At the adjourned or postponed meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment or postponement is for more than thirty (30) days, notice of the adjourned or postponed meeting in accordance with the requirements of <u>Section 4</u> hereof shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If, after the adjournment or postponement, a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned or postponed meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned or postponed meeting in accordance with <u>Section 10</u> of this <u>Article II</u>, and shall give notice of the adjourned or postponed meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned or postponed meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of such adjourned or postponed meeting.

Section 6. <u>Quorum</u>. Unless otherwise required by the DGCL or other applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the Corporation's capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in <u>Section 5</u> of this <u>Article II</u>, until a quorum shall be present or represented.

Section 7. <u>Voting</u>. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, or permitted by the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the securities of the Corporation are listed or quoted for trading, any question brought before any meeting of the stockholders, subject to the election of directors provisions set out in <u>Section 1</u> of <u>Article III</u>, shall be decided by the vote of the holders of a majority of the total number of votes of the Corporation's capital stock present at the meeting in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on such question, voting as a single class. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, and subject to <u>Section 10</u> of this <u>Article II</u>, each stockholder represented at a meeting of the stockholders shall be entitled to cast one (1) vote for each share of the capital stock entitled to vote thereat held by such stockholder. Such votes may be cast in person or by proxy as provided in <u>Section 8</u> of this <u>Article II</u>. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, or the chair of a meeting of the stockholders, in his or her discretion, may require that any votes cast at such meeting shall be cast by written ballot.

Section 8. <u>Proxies</u>. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of the stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted upon after three years from its date, unless such proxy provides for a longer period. Without limiting the manner in which a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy, the following shall constitute a valid means by which a stockholder may grant such authority:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) A stockholder, or such stockholder's authorized officer, director, employee or agent, may execute a document, as such term is defined in Section 116(a) of the DGCL, authorizing another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) A stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that any such transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the transmission was authorized by the stockholder. If it is determined that such transmissions are valid, the inspectors or, if there are no inspectors, such other persons making that determination shall specify the information on which they relied.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) The authorization of a person to act as proxy may be documented, signed and delivered in accordance with Section 116 of the DGCL, provided that such authorization shall set forth, or be delivered with information enabling the Corporation to determine, the identity of the stockholder granting such authorization.

Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the document (including any electronic transmission) authorizing another person or persons to act as proxy for a stockholder may be substituted or used in lieu of the original document for any and all purposes for which the original document could be used; provided, however, that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original document.

Section 9. <u>List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote</u>. The Corporation shall prepare, no later than the tenth (10th) day before each meeting of the stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date. Such list shall be arranged in alphabetical order, and show the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder; provided, that the Corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation.

Section 10. <u>Record Date</u>. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of the stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of the stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix, as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting, the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this <u>Section 10</u>.

Section 11. <u>Stock Ledger</u>. The stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the list of stockholders required by <u>Section 9</u> of this <u>Article II</u> or the books and records of the Corporation, or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders. As used herein, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall refer to one (1) or more records administered by or on behalf of the Corporation in which the names of all of the Corporation's stockholders of record, the address and number of shares registered in the name of each such stockholder, and all issuances and transfer of stock of the Corporation are recorded in accordance with Section 224 of the DGCL.

Section 12. <u>Conduct of Meetings</u>. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of any meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chair of the Board of Directors, or if there shall not be a Chair of the Board of Directors or in his or her absence, the Chief Executive Officer. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to appoint a temporary chair to serve at any meeting of the stockholders if the Chair of the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer is unable to do so for any reason. Except to the extent inconsistent with any rules and regulations adopted by the Board of Directors, the chair of any meeting of the stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chair, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chair of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) the determination of when the polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at the meeting; (iii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iv) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chair of the meeting shall determine; (v) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (vi) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by stockholders.

Section 13. <u>Inspectors of Election</u>. In advance of any meeting of the stockholders, the Board of Directors, by resolution, the Chair of the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. One or more other persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of the stockholders, the chair of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, inspectors may be officers, employees or agents of the Corporation. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of the duties of inspector, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of such inspector's ability. The inspector shall have the duties prescribed by law and shall take charge of the polls and, when the vote is completed, shall execute and deliver to the Corporation a certificate of the result of the vote taken and of such other facts as may be required by applicable law.

Section 14. <u>Nature of Business at Meetings of Stockholders</u>. Only such business (other than nominations for election to the Board of Directors, which must comply with the provisions of <u>Section 15</u> of this <u>Article II</u>) may be transacted at an Annual Meeting of Stockholders as is either (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), (b) otherwise properly brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), or (c) otherwise properly brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders by any stockholder of the Corporation (i) who is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u> and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such Annual Meeting of Stockholders and (ii) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u>.

In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be properly brought before an Annual Meeting of Stockholders by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the Secretary of the Corporation.

To be timely, a stockholder's notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation no later than the close of business on the sixtieth (60th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the first anniversary date of the preceding year's Annual Meeting of Stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the Annual Meeting of Stockholders is called for a date that is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such Annual Meeting of Stockholders and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such Annual Meeting of Stockholders or, if the first public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders is less than a hundred (100) days prior to the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting of Stockholders, or the public announcement of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.

To be in proper written form, a stockholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth the following information: (a) as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and the proposed text of any proposal regarding such business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and, if such business includes a proposal to amend these bylaws, the text of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, any other information relating to such business that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies with respect to the proposed business to be brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "**Exchange Act**"), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and (b) as to the stockholder giving notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, (i) the name and address of such person, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of all stock of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, (iii) a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between or among such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with or relating to (A) the Corporation or (B) the proposal, including any material interest in, or anticipated benefit from the proposal to such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, (iv) a representation that the stockholder giving notice intends to appear in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to bring such business before the meeting, and (v) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies by such person with respect to the proposed business to be brought by such person before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

A stockholder providing notice of business proposed to be brought before an Annual Meeting of Stockholders shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u> shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and at all times thereafter until the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual Meeting of Stockholders or if such information ceases to be true and correct after the record date, as promptly as practicable and in any event not later than the earlier of (i) two (2) business days after such information ceases to be true and correct and (ii) one (1) business day before the date of the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

No business shall be conducted at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders except business brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders in accordance with the procedures set forth in this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u>; provided, however, that, once business has been properly brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders in accordance with such procedures, nothing in this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u> shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any such business. If the chair of an Annual Meeting of Stockholders determines that business was not properly brought before the Annual Meeting of Stockholders in accordance with the foregoing procedures, the chair shall declare to the meeting that the business was not properly brought before the meeting and such business shall not be transacted.

Nothing contained in this <u>Section 14</u> of this <u>Article II</u> shall be deemed to contravene any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation's proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act (or any successor provision of law).

Section 15. <u>Nomination of Directors</u>. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors of the Corporation, except as may be otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation with respect to the right of holders of preferred stock of the Corporation to nominate and elect a specified number of directors in certain circumstances. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at any Annual Meeting of Stockholders, or at any Special Meeting of Stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors, (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (b) by any stockholder of the Corporation (i) who is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this <u>Section 15</u> of this <u>Article II</u> and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders, (ii) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this <u>Section 15</u> of this <u>Article II</u> and (iii) who complies with the requirements of Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the Exchange Act.

In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the Secretary of the Corporation.

To be timely, a stockholder's notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (a) in the case of an Annual Meeting of Stockholders, no later than the close of business on the sixtieth (60th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the first anniversary date of the preceding year's Annual Meeting of Stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the Annual Meeting of Stockholders is called for a date that is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such Annual Meeting of Stockholders and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such Annual Meeting of Stockholders or, if the first public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders is less than a hundred (100) days prior to the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting of Stockholders is first made by the Corporation; and (b) in the case of a Special Meeting of Stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors, not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Special Meeting of Stockholders was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Special Meeting of Stockholders was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an Annual Meeting of Stockholders or a Special Meeting of Stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors, or the public announcement of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.

To be in proper written form, a stockholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth the following information: (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) a written questionnaire, in the form required by the Secretary of the Corporation, with respect to the background and qualifications of such nominee and the background and other relevant facts about any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request), (iv) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of all stock of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation, (v) such person's written representation and agreement that such person (A) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director of the Corporation that has not been disclosed to the Corporation in such representation and agreement, and (C) in such person's individual capacity, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with, all applicable publicly disclosed confidentiality, corporate governance, conflict of interest, Regulation FD (Fair Disclosure), code of conduct and ethics, and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation and (D) such person's written undertaking, if elected as a director of the Corporation, to submit a conditional letter of resignation upon election, the effectiveness of such resignation to be conditioned on a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction that such person, in their capacity as a director of the Corporation, intentionally disclosed confidential information to third parties in breach of such person's confidentiality obligations to the Corporation under applicable law, any applicable agreement or any policies or guidelines of the Corporation and (vi) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made, (i) the name and record address of the stockholder giving the notice and the name and principal place of business of such beneficial owner; (ii) (A) the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B) the name of each nominee holder of shares of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of shares of stock of the Corporation held by each such nominee holder, (C) whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation and (D) whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Corporation) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Corporation; (iii) a description of (A) all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any proposed nominee, or any affiliates or associates of such proposed nominee, (B) all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are being made by such person, or otherwise relating to the Corporation or their ownership of capital stock of the Corporation, and (C) any material interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, in such nomination, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person; (iv) a representation that the stockholder giving notice intends to appear in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders or Special Meeting of Stockholders to nominate the persons named in its notice; and (v) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Such notice must include all other information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act and must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee in any proxy statement relating to the Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders, as applicable, and to serve as a director if elected. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require, including such information as may be necessary or appropriate to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder's understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such proposed nominee.

A stockholder providing notice of any nomination proposed to be made at an Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders shall further update and supplement such notice, (i) if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this <u>Section 15</u> of this <u>Article II</u> shall be true and correct as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders and at all times thereafter until the date of such Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of such Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders or if such information ceases to be true and correct after the record date, as promptly as practicable and in any event not later than the earlier of (a) two (2) business days after such information ceases to be true and correct and (b) one (1) business day before the date of the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and (ii) to provide evidence that the stockholder providing notice of any nomination has solicited proxies from holders representing at least sixty-seven percent (67%) of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the stockholder files a definitive proxy statement in connection with such Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders.

No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this <u>Section 15</u> of this <u>Article II</u>. If the chair of the meeting determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedures or that the solicitation in support of the nominees other than the Corporation's nominees was not conducted in compliance with Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act, the chair shall declare to the meeting that the nomination was defective and such defective nomination shall be disregarded.

**ARTICLE III**

**<u>DIRECTORS</u>**

Section 1. <u>Number and Election of Directors</u>. The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than five (5) nor more than twelve (12) members, each of whom shall be a natural person, the exact number of which shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors. Except as provided in <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article III</u>, directors shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast at each Annual Meeting of Stockholders, except for contested elections (i.e., elections in which there are a greater number of candidates than there are seats to be filled), in which case the directors shall be elected by a plurality vote of the votes cast for the election of directors at such meeting, and each director so elected shall hold office until the next Annual Meeting of Stockholders and until such director's successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal. Directors need not be stockholders.

Section 2. <u>Vacancies</u>. Unless otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies on the Board of Directors or any committee thereof resulting from the death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal of a director, or from an increase in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors or such committee or otherwise, may be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. The directors so chosen shall, in the case of the Board of Directors, hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal and, in the case of any committee of the Board of Directors, shall hold office until their successors are duly appointed by the Board of Directors or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal.

Section 3. <u>Duties and Powers</u>. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation except as may be otherwise provided in the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or required by the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the securities of the Corporation are listed or quoted for trading.

Section 4. <u>Meetings</u>. The Board of Directors and any committee thereof may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may be held without notice at such time and at such place as may from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors or such committee, respectively. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chair of the Board of Directors, if there be one, the Chief Executive Officer, or a majority of the Board of Directors. Special meetings of any committee of the Board of Directors may be called by the chair of such committee, if there be one, or a majority of the directors serving on such committee. Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors or any committees thereof stating the place, date, hour and agenda of the meeting shall be given to each director (or, in the case of a committee, to each member of such committee) not less than twenty-four (24) hours before the date of the meeting, by telephone, or in the form of a writing or electronic transmission, or on such shorter notice as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances. Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors or any committees thereof may be waived if all members of the Board of Directors or such committee thereof (i) are in attendance and (ii) agree to waive such notice requirement.

Section 5. <u>Organization</u>. At each meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, the Chair of the Board of Directors or the chair of such committee, as the case may be, or, in his or her absence or if there be none, a director chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall act as chair of such meeting. Except as provided below, the Secretary of the Corporation shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors and of each committee thereof. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and all the Assistant Secretaries, the chair of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the members of each committee of the Board of Directors may appoint any person to act as secretary of any meeting of such committee and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation may, but need not if such committee so elects, serve in such capacity.

Section 6. <u>Resignations and Removals of Directors</u>. Any director of the Corporation may resign from the Board of Directors or any committee thereof at any time, by giving notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Chair of the Board of Directors, if there be one, or the Secretary of the Corporation and, in the case of a committee, to the chair of such committee, if there be one. Such resignation shall take effect when delivered or, if such resignation specifies a later effective time or an effective time, determined upon the happening of an event or events, in which case, such resignation takes effect upon such effective time. Unless otherwise specified in such resignation, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Except as otherwise required by applicable law and subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of shares of preferred stock then outstanding, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed from office at any time, but only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority in voting power of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote in the election of directors. Any director serving on a committee of the Board of Directors may be removed from such committee at any time by the Board of Directors.

Section 7. <u>Quorum</u>. Except as otherwise required by law, or the Certificate of Incorporation or the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the securities of the Corporation are listed or quoted for trading, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or a majority of the directors constituting such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the vote of a majority of the directors or committee members, as applicable, present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors or such committee, as applicable. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting of the time and place of the adjourned meeting, until a quorum shall be present.

Section 8. <u>Actions of the Board by Written Consent</u>. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, (a) any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all the members of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and (b) a consent may be documented, signed and delivered in any manner permitted by Section 116 of the DGCL. Any person, whether or not then a director, may provide, through instruction to an agent or otherwise, that a consent to action will be effective at a future time (including a time determined upon the happening of an event) no later than sixty (60) days after such instruction is given or such provision is made and such consent shall be deemed to have been given at such effective time so long as such person is then a director and did not revoke the consent prior to such time. Any such consent shall be revocable prior to its becoming effective. After an action is taken, the consent or consents relating thereto shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors, or the committee thereof, in the same paper or electronic form as the minutes are maintained.

Section 9. <u>Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone</u>. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this <u>Section 9</u> shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 10. <u>Committees</u>. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. Each member of a committee must meet the requirements for membership, if any, imposed by applicable law and the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the securities of the Corporation are listed or quoted for trading. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of any such committee. Subject to the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the securities of the Corporation are listed or quoted for trading, in the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, and in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors of an alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another qualified member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution establishing such committee, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; provided, however, that no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve, adopt, or recommend to the stockholders any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend, or repeal any of these Bylaws. Each committee shall keep regular minutes and report to the Board of Directors when required. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this <u>Article III</u>, the resolution of the Board of Directors establishing any committee of the Board of Directors and/or the charter of any such committee may establish requirements or procedures relating to the governance and/or operation of such committee that are different from, or in addition to, those set forth in these Bylaws and, to the extent that there is any inconsistency between these Bylaws and any such resolution or charter, the terms of such resolution or charter shall be controlling.

Section 11. <u>Subcommittees</u>. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or the resolution of the Board of Directors designating a committee, such committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee. Except for references to committees and members of committees in <u>Section 10</u> of this <u>Article III</u>, every reference in these Bylaws to a committee of the Board of Directors or a member of a committee shall be deemed to include a reference to a subcommittee or member of a subcommittee.

Section 12. <u>Compensation</u>. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated salary for service as director, payable in cash or securities. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for service as committee members.

Section 13. <u>Interested Directors</u>. No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because any such director's or officer's vote is counted for such purpose if: (i) the material facts as to the director's or officer's relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (ii) the material facts as to the director's or officer's relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (iii) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes such contract or transaction.

**ARTICLE IV**

**<u>OFFICERS</u>**

Section 1. <u>General</u>. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Board of Directors and shall be a Chief Executive Officer and a Secretary. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, also may choose a Chair of the Board of Directors (who must be a director) and one or more Assistant Secretaries, and other officers. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless otherwise prohibited by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. The officers of the Corporation need not be stockholders of the Corporation nor, except in the case of the Chair of the Board of Directors, need such officers be directors of the Corporation.

Section 2. <u>Election</u>. The Board of Directors, at its first meeting held after each Annual Meeting of Stockholders, shall elect the officers of the Corporation who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors; and each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer's successor is elected and qualified, or until such officer's earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal. Any officer elected by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board of Directors. The salaries of all officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors.

Section 3. <u>Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation</u>. Powers of attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other instruments relating to securities owned by the Corporation may be executed in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation by the Chief Executive Officer or any other officer authorized to do so by the Board of Directors and any such officer may, in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, take all such action as any such officer may deem advisable to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of security holders of any corporation or other entity in which the Corporation may own securities and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and power incident to the ownership of such securities and which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and possessed if present. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, from time to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons.

Section 4. <u>Chief Executive Officer</u>. The Chief Executive Officer (or another chief executive with a different title), under the control and supervision of the Board of Directors, shall be responsible for designing, developing and implementing strategic plans for the Corporation in a cost-effective and time-efficient manner. The Board of Directors grants the Chief Executive Officer the authority to manage the affairs of the Corporation under the control and supervision of the Board of Directors. The Chief Executive Officer is accountable to the Board of Directors and shall report to the Board of Directors regarding the performance of the Corporation on a quarterly basis.

Section 5. <u>Chair of the Board of Directors</u>. The Chair of the Board of Directors, if there be one, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. The Chair of the Board of Directors shall also perform such other duties and may exercise such other powers as may from time to time be assigned by these Bylaws or by the Board of Directors.

Section 6. <u>Secretary</u>. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the Secretary shall also perform like duties for committees of the Board of Directors when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the Chair of the Board of Directors, under whose supervision the Secretary shall be. If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to cause to be given notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then either the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may choose another officer to cause such notice to be given. The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be one, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary or by the signature of any such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest to the affixing by such officer's signature. The Secretary shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be kept or filed are properly kept or filed, as the case may be.

Section 7. <u>Assistant Secretaries</u>. Assistant Secretaries, if there be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, if there be one, or the Secretary, and in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of the Secretary's inability or refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the Secretary, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Secretary.

Section 8. <u>Other Officers</u>. Such other officers as the Board of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers.

**ARTICLE V**

**<u>STOCK</u>**

Section 1. <u>Shares of Stock</u>. The shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be uncertificated, provided that the Board of Directors of the Corporation by resolution may provide that some or all of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates.. Every holder of capital stock of the Corporation theretofore represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate for shares of capital stock of the Corporation signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by any two (2) authorized officers of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by such stockholder in the Corporation. The Corporation shall not have power to issue a certificate in bearer form.

Section 2. <u>Signatures</u>. Any or all of the signatures on a certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 3. <u>Lost Certificates</u>. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or uncertificated shares be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner's legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

Section 4. <u>Transfers</u>. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable law and in these Bylaws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, and in the case of certificated shares of stock, only by the person named in the certificate or by such person's attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor, properly endorsed for transfer and payment of all necessary transfer taxes; or, in the case of uncertificated shares of stock, upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by such person's attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes and compliance with appropriate procedures for transferring shares in uncertificated form; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement, compliance or payment of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the Corporation shall determine to waive such requirement. With respect to certificated shares of stock, every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked "Cancelled," with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or the transfer agent thereof. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.

Section 5. <u>Dividend Record Date</u>. Except as otherwise provided in <u>Section 10</u> of <u>Article II</u> in relation to the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, in order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 6. <u>Record Owners</u>. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise required by law.

Section 7. <u>Transfer and Registry Agents</u>. The Corporation may from time to time maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies and registry offices or agencies at such place or places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.

**ARTICLE VI**

**<u>NOTICES</u>**

Section 1. <u>Notices</u>. Whenever written notice is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to be given to any director, member of a committee or stockholder, such notice may be given in writing directed to such director's, committee member's or stockholder's mailing address (or by electronic transmission directed to such director's, committee member's or stockholder' electronic mail address, as applicable) as it appears on the records of the Corporation and shall be given: (a) if mailed, when the notice is deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, (b) if delivered by courier service, the earlier of when the notice is received or left at such director's, committee member's or stockholder's address or (c) if given by electronic mail, when directed to such director's, committee member's or stockholder's electronic mail address unless such director, committee member or stockholder has notified the corporation in writing or by electronic transmission of an objection to receiving notice by electronic mail or such notice is prohibited by the under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, but subject to Section 232(e) of the DGCL, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice or electronic transmission to the Corporation. The Corporation may give notice by electronic mail in accordance with the first sentence of this <u>Section 1</u> without obtaining the consent required by the second sentence of this <u>Section 1</u>. Notice given by electronic transmission, as described above, shall be deemed given: (i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (ii) if by a posting on an electronic network, together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and (iii) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a notice may not be given by an electronic transmission from and after the time that (i) the Corporation is unable to deliver by such electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation and (ii) such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice, provided, however, the inadvertent failure to discover such inability shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.

Section 2. <u>Waivers of Notice</u>. Except as otherwise provided in <u>Section 4</u> of <u>Article III</u> in relation to notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors or any committees thereof, whenever any notice is required, by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to be given to any director, member of a committee or stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person or persons entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. Except as otherwise provided in <u>Section 4</u> of <u>Article III</u> in relation to notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors or any committees thereof, attendance of a person at a meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any Annual or Special Meeting of Stockholders or any regular meeting of the directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

**ARTICLE VII**

**<u>GENERAL PROVISIONS</u>**

Section 1. <u>Dividends</u>. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the requirements of the DGCL and the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors (or any action by written consent in lieu thereof in accordance with <u>Section 8</u> of <u>Article III</u> hereof), and may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Corporation's capital stock. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for purchasing any of the shares of capital stock, warrants, rights, options, bonds, debentures, notes, scrip or other securities or evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for any proper purpose, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.

Section 2. <u>Disbursements</u>. All checks or demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.

Section 3. <u>Fiscal Year</u>. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 4. <u>Corporate Seal</u>. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.

**ARTICLE VIII**

**<u>INDEMNIFICATION</u>**

Section 1. <u>Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation</u>. Subject to <u>Section 3</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, as the latter term is defined in Section 16 of the Exchange Act, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person's conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person's conduct was unlawful.

Section 2. <u>Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation</u>. Subject to <u>Section 3</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, as the latter term is defined in Section 16 of the Exchange Act, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

Section 3. <u>Authorization of Indemnification</u>. Any indemnification under this <u>Article VIII</u> (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the present or former director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in <u>Section 1</u> or <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer of the Corporation at the time of such determination, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iv) by the stockholders. Such determination shall be made, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Corporation. To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.

Section 4. <u>Good Faith Defined</u>. For purposes of any determination under <u>Section 3</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person's conduct was unlawful, if such person's action is based on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Corporation or another enterprise. The provisions of this <u>Section 4</u> shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in <u>Section 1</u> or <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, as the case may be.

Section 5. <u>Indemnification by a Court</u>. Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under <u>Section 3</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, and notwithstanding the absence of any determination thereunder, any director or officer may apply to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or any other court of competent jurisdiction in the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise permissible under <u>Section 1</u> or <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>. The basis of such indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in <u>Section 1</u> or <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>, as the case may be. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under <u>Section 3</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u> nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this <u>Section 5</u> shall be given to the Corporation promptly upon the filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or officer seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such application.

Section 6. <u>Expenses Payable in Advance</u>. Expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by a director or officer of the Corporation in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this <u>Article VIII</u>. Such expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by former directors and officers or other employees and agents of the Corporation or by persons serving at the request of the Corporation as directors, officers, employees or agents of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Corporation deems appropriate.

Section 7. <u>Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses</u>. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this <u>Article VIII</u> shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person's official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Corporation that indemnification of the persons specified in <u>Section 1</u> and <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u> shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. A right to indemnification or to advancement of expenses arising under a provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall not be eliminated or impaired by an amendment to or repeal or elimination of a provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws after the occurrence of the act or omission that is the subject of the civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification or advancement of expenses is sought, unless the provision in effect at the time of such act or omission explicitly authorizes such elimination or impairment after such act or omission has occurred. The provisions of this <u>Article VIII</u> shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in <u>Section 1</u> or <u>Section 2</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u> but whom the Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify, under the provisions of the DGCL, or otherwise.

Section 8. <u>Insurance</u>. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person's status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this <u>Article VIII</u>. For purposes of this <u>Section 8</u>, insurance shall include any insurance provided directly or indirectly (including pursuant to any fronting or reinsurance arrangement) by or through a captive insurance company in accordance with the requirements of Section 145(g) of the DGCL.

Section 9. <u>Certain Definitions</u>. For purposes of this <u>Article VIII</u>, references to "the Corporation" shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any person who is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation, or is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this <u>Article VIII</u> with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this <u>Article VIII</u>, references to "officers" shall mean only a person who at the time of such or omission is deemed to have consented to service by the delivery of process to the registered agent of the Corporation pursuant to Section 3114(b) of Title 10 of the Delaware Code (treating residents of the State of Delaware as if they were nonresidents to apply Section 3114(b) of Title 10 of the Delaware Code to this sentence). The term "another enterprise" as used in this <u>Article VIII</u> shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. For purposes of this <u>Article VIII</u>, references to "fines" shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to "serving at the request of the Corporation" shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director or officer with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner "not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation" as referred to in this <u>Article VIII</u>.

Section 10. <u>Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses</u>. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this <u>Article VIII</u> shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

Section 11. <u>Limitation on Indemnification</u>. Notwithstanding anything contained in this <u>Article VIII</u> to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by <u>Section 5</u> of this <u>Article VIII</u>), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Section 12. <u>Indemnification of Employees and Agents</u>. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those conferred in this <u>Article VIII</u> to directors and officers of the Corporation.

**ARTICLE IX**

**<u>FORUM FOR ADJUDICATION OF CERTAIN DISPUTES</u>**

Section 1. <u>Forum for Adjudication of Certain Disputes</u>. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum (an "**Alternative Forum Consent**"), the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a duty (including any fiduciary duty) owed by any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation's stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation arising out of or relating to any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws (each, as in effect from time to time), or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the State of Delaware; provided, however, that, in the event that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware lacks subject matter jurisdiction over any such action or proceeding, the sole and exclusive forum for such action or proceeding shall be another state or federal court located within the State of Delaware, in each such case, unless the Court of Chancery (or such other state or federal court located within the State of Delaware, as applicable) has dismissed a prior action by the same plaintiff asserting the same claims because such court lacked personal jurisdiction over an indispensable party named as a defendant therein. Unless the Corporation gives an Alternative Forum Consent, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Failure to enforce the foregoing provisions would cause the Corporation irreparable harm and the Corporation shall be entitled to equitable relief, including injunctive relief and specific performance, to enforce the foregoing provisions. Any person or entity purchasing, otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this <u>Section 1</u>. The existence of any prior Alternative Forum Consent shall not act as a waiver of the Corporation's ongoing consent right as set forth above in this <u>Section 1</u> with respect to any current or future actions or claims.

**ARTICLE X**

**<u>AMENDMENTS</u>**

Section 1. <u>Amendments</u>. These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed, in whole or in part, or new Bylaws may be adopted by the stockholders or by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new Bylaws be contained in the notice of a meeting of the stockholders or Board of Directors, as the case may be, called for the purpose of acting upon any proposed alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new Bylaws. All such alterations, amendments, repeals or adoptions of new Bylaws must be approved by either the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the outstanding capital stock entitled to vote thereon or by a majority of the entire Board of Directors then in office. Any amendment to these Bylaws adopted by stockholders which specifies the votes that shall be necessary for the election of directors shall not be further amended or repealed by the Board of Directors.

Section 2. <u>Entire Board of Directors</u>. As used in this <u>Article X</u> and in these Bylaws generally, the term "**entire Board of Directors**" means the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies.

\* \* \*

Adopted as of: December 4, 2025

Last Amended as of: December 4, 2025

## Exhibit 3.2

**Exhibit 3.2**

**CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF<br> T1 ENERGY INC.**

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT<br> TO THE<br> AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION<br> OF<br> T1 ENERGY INC.

Pursuant to Section 242 of the General<br> Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

T1 Energy Inc., a Delaware corporation (hereinafter called the "<u>Corporation</u>"), does hereby certify as follows:

<u>FIRST</u>: The Corporation's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is hereby amended by adding the following Article FIFTH:

<u>FIFTH</u>:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) <u>Certain Definitions</u>. For purposes of this Article FIFTH, references to the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) "<u>Affiliate</u>" of any Person means another Person that directly or indirectly through one of more intermediaries Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with, such first Person.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) "<u>Agent</u>" means an agent designated by the Board of Directors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) "<u>Control</u>" of a Person means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise. "Controlled" and "under common Control with" have correlative meanings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) "<u>Corporation Group Securities</u>" means (i) Corporation Securities and (ii) any other interests of a member of the Corporation Group designated as stock by the Board of Directors as disclosed in a United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "<u>SEC</u>") filing by the Corporation, including subsidiaries of the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) "<u>Corporation Securities</u>" means (i) shares of common stock in the Corporation, (ii) shares of preferred stock in the Corporation and (iii) any other interest designated as "stock" of the Corporation by the Board of Directors, as disclosed in an SEC filing by the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) "<u>Excess Securities</u>" means Corporation Securities that are the subject of the Prohibited Transfer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) "<u>Foreign-Controlled Entity</u>" has the meaning provided in Section 7701(a)(51)(C) of the Tax Code and any guidance thereunder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(8) "<u>Foreign-Influenced Entity</u>" has the meaning provided in Section 7701(a)(51)(D) of the Tax Code and any guidance thereunder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(9) "<u>Percentage Stock Ownership</u>" means the greater of (i) the percentage stock ownership interest in the Corporation of any Person for purposes of Section 7701(a)(51) of the Tax Code (including any guidance published thereunder) or (ii) the percentage of Corporation shares or other equity interests which any Person is considered to own as a "beneficial owner" of such shares or other equity interests, as that term is defined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the "<u>Exchange Act</u>"), as such rule may be amended or modified from time to time, or any successor rule thereto.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(10) "<u>Person</u>" means an individual or a corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization, association, government agency or political subdivision thereof or other entity, <u>provided</u>, <u>that</u>, for all purposes of this Article FIFTH, any group of such "Persons" having a formal or informal understanding among themselves to make a coordinated acquisition of stock that are required to report their beneficial ownership together under Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act shall be treated as a "Person," and references to any Person shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of any such Person.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(11) "<u>Prohibited Distributions</u>" means any dividends or other distributions that were received by the Purported Transferee from the Corporation with respect to the Excess Securities received by a Purported Transferee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(12) "<u>Proposed Transaction</u>" has the meaning provided for in section (e)(1) of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(13) "<u>Prohibited Transfer</u>" means any purported Transfer of Corporation Securities to the extent that such Transfer is prohibited and/or void under this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(14) "<u>Purported Transferee</u>" has the meaning provided for in section (d) of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(15) "<u>Specified Foreign Entity</u>" has the meaning provided in Section 7701(a)(51)(B) of the Tax Code and any guidance thereunder (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Foreign-Controlled Entity).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(16) "<u>Substantial Shareholder</u>" means a Specified Foreign Entity with a Percentage Stock Ownership of 4.9% or more.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(17) "<u>Tax Benefit</u>" means eligibility to claim tax credits determined under Section 45X, 45Y, 48C, 48D, or 48E of the Tax Code, or any successor tax credits.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(18) "<u>Tax Code</u>" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(19) "<u>Transfer</u>" means the acquisition, directly, indirectly or constructively, of ownership of Corporation Securities by any means, including, without limitation, (i) the creation or grant of any pledge (or other security interest), right or option with respect to Corporation Securities, (ii) the exercise of any such pledge, right or option, or (iii) any other transaction treated under the applicable rules under Section 7701(a)(51) of the Tax Code as a direct, indirect or constructive acquisition (including the acquisition of an ownership interest in a Substantial Shareholder), <u>provided</u>, that "Transfer" shall not include any such acquisition unless, as a result, there would be an increase in any Person's Percentage Stock Ownership.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(20) "<u>Treasury Regulations</u>" shall mean the regulations promulgated under the Tax Code.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) <u>Purpose</u>. To ensure the availability of certain tax credits, benefits and attributes for the benefit of the Corporation, its Affiliates and its shareholders, the Corporation hereby establishes certain limits on the ownership and control of the Corporation by Specified Foreign Entities to prevent the Corporation from becoming a Foreign-Influenced Entity. At no time shall any Specified Foreign Entity be permitted to be a Substantial Shareholder in the Corporation unless permitted by the Board of Directors pursuant to the provisions of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) <u>Implementation</u>. The Corporation is authorized to effect any and all measures and to make any and all determinations reasonably necessary or desirable (consistent with applicable laws, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws) to fulfill the purpose and implement the provisions of this Article FIFTH, including without limitation: (a) requiring the owner(s) of shares of Corporation Securities to confirm and/or provide evidence that he, she or it is not a Specified Foreign Entity and suspending voting, dividend and other distribution rights with respect to any shares held by such owner(s) until such confirmation and/or evidence is received; (b) maintaining the share transfer records of the Corporation in such a manner so that the percentage of any class of shares of Corporation Securities that is owned by Specified Foreign Entities can be determined and confirmed; and (c) obtaining, as a condition precedent to the transfer on the records of the Corporation, representations, citizenship certificates and/or other evidence as to the identity and citizenship status from all transferees (and from any recipient upon original issuance) of any shares and, if such transferee (or recipient) is acting as a fiduciary or nominee for another owner, such other owner, and the registration of transfer (or original issuance) shall be denied upon refusal of such transferee (or recipient) to make such representations and/or furnish such citizenship certificates or other evidence. The Corporation is authorized to take such other ministerial actions or make such interpretations as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to implement the purpose and the policy set forth in part (c) of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) The Board of Directors or any committee thereof shall have the power to interpret or determine in its sole discretion all matters necessary for assessing compliance with this Article FIFTH, including, without limitation, (i) the identification of Substantial Shareholders, (ii) whether a Transfer is a Prohibited Transfer, (iii) whether to exempt a Transfer from the restrictions of section (d) of this Article FIFTH, (iv) the Percentage Stock Ownership of any Substantial Shareholder, (v) whether an instrument constitutes a Corporation Group Security, (vi) the amount (or fair market value) due to a Purported Transferee pursuant to clause (2) of section (f) of this Article FIFTH, and (vii) any other matters which the Board of Directors or such committee determines to be relevant; and the good faith determination of the Board of Directors or such committee on such matters shall be conclusive and binding for all the purposes of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) In addition, the Board of Directors may, to the extent permitted by law, from time to time establish, modify, amend or rescind bylaws, regulations and procedures of the Corporation not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article FIFTH or Section 7701(a)(51) of the Tax Code for purposes of determining whether any Transfer of Corporation Securities would jeopardize the Corporation's ability to preserve and use the tax benefits and for the application, administration and implementation of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Article FIFTH, including any definition used herein, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the application of such provisions. In the event this Article FIFTH requires an action by the Board of Directors but fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors or any committee thereof shall have the power to determine the action to be taken. All such actions, calculations, interpretations and determinations that are done or made by the Board of Directors shall be conclusive and binding on the Corporation, the Agent and all other parties for all other purposes of this Article FIFTH. The Board of Directors may delegate all or any portion of its duties and powers under this Article FIFTH to a committee of the Board of Directors as it deems necessary or advisable, and, the Board of Directors and such committee may exercise the authority granted by this Article FIFTH through duly authorized officers or agents of the Corporation. Nothing in this Article FIFTH shall be construed to limit or restrict the Board of Directors in the exercise of its fiduciary duties under applicable law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) <u>Restrictions on Transfer</u>. Any attempted Transfer of Corporation Securities shall be *void ab initio* and ineffective as against the Corporation insofar as it purports to transfer ownership or rights in respect of such stock to the purported transferee of a Prohibited Transfer (a "<u>Purported Transferee</u>") to the extent that, as a result of such Transfer (or any series of Transfers of which such Transfer is a part), either (1) any Person shall become a Substantial Shareholder or (2) the Percentage Stock Ownership interest of any Substantial Shareholder shall be increased.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) <u>Exceptions</u>. The restrictions set forth in section (d) of this Article FIFTH shall not apply to an attempted Transfer if such Transfer is made as part of certain transactions approved by the Board of Directors in accordance with section (e)(1) of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) The restrictions contained in this Article FIFTH are for the purposes of reducing the risk that any acquisition of shares of the Corporation stock by a Specified Foreign Entity may limit or eliminate the Corporation's ability to utilize or be eligible for its tax benefits. In connection therewith, and to provide for effective enforcement of these provisions, any Person that desires to acquire Corporation Securities in an otherwise Prohibited Transfer (a "<u>Requesting Person</u>") shall, prior to the date of such transaction for which the Requesting Person seeks authorization (the "<u>Proposed Transaction</u>"), request in writing (a "<u>Request</u>") that the Board of Directors review the Proposed Transaction and authorize or not authorize the Proposed Transaction in accordance with this section (e)(1) of this Article FIFTH. A Request shall be mailed or delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation at the Corporation's principal place of business. Such Request shall be deemed to have been received by the Corporation when actually received by the Corporation. A Request shall include: (1) the name, address and telephone number of the Requesting Person; (2) the Percentage Stock Ownership then beneficially owned by the Requesting Person (without regard to the ownership of Corporation Group Securities in any subsidiary of the Corporation) and the then number and percentage (by class) of any Corporation Group Securities in any subsidiary of the Corporation beneficially owned by the Requesting Person; (3) a reasonably detailed description of the Proposed Transaction or Proposed Transactions for which the Requesting Person seeks authorization; and (4) a request that the Board of Directors authorize the Proposed Transaction or Proposed Transactions, as applicable, pursuant to this section (e)(1) of this Article FIFTH. The Board of Directors shall respond to each Request within 20 business days of receiving such Request, and the failure of the Board of Directors to respond during such 20 business day period shall be deemed to be a rejection of the Transfer; <u>provided</u>, that, the Board of Directors may respond by requesting additional information, indicating it requires additional time to consider the Request or in another reasonable manner. Any determination or deemed determination by the Board of Directors not to authorize a Proposed Transaction shall cause such Proposed Transaction to continue to be treated as a Prohibited Transfer. The Board of Directors may impose any conditions that it deems reasonable and appropriate in connection with authorizing any Proposed Transaction, including requiring an affidavit or representations from such Requesting Person or opinions of counsel to be rendered by counsel selected by the Requesting Person (and reasonably acceptable to the Board of Directors), in each case, as to such matters as the Board of Directors may reasonably determine with respect to the preservation of the tax benefits. Any Requesting Person who makes a Request to the Board of Directors shall reimburse the Corporation, within 30 days of demand therefor, for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Corporation with respect to evaluating the Proposed Transaction of such Requesting Person, including, without limitation, the Corporation's reasonable costs and expenses incurred in determining whether to authorize the Proposed Transaction, which costs may include, but are not limited to, any reasonable expenses of counsel and/or tax advisors engaged by the Board of Directors to advise the Board of Directors or deliver an opinion thereto. The Board of Directors may require, as a condition to its consideration of the Request, that the Requesting Person execute an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation providing for the reimbursement of such costs and expenses. Any authorization of the Board of Directors hereunder may be given prospectively or retroactively.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) The Board of Directors may determine that the restrictions set forth in section (d) of this Article FIFTH shall not apply to any particular transaction or transactions, whether or not a request has been made to the Board of Directors, including a Request pursuant to this section (e) of this Article FIFTH, subject to any conditions that it deems reasonable and appropriate in connection therewith. Any determination of the Board of Directors hereunder may be made prospectively or retroactively.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) The Board of Directors or any committee appointed by the Board of Directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law, may exercise the authority granted by this Article FIFTH through duly authorized officers or agents of the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article FIFTH, the restrictions contained in this Article FIFTH shall not apply to Trina Solar (Schweiz) AG and its Affiliates.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) <u>Suspension of Voting, Dividend and Other Distribution Rights of Specified Foreign Entity or Foreign-Controlled Entity Owned Shares</u>. No officer, employee or agent of the Corporation shall record any Prohibited Transfer, and the Purported Transferee shall not be recognized as a shareholder of the Corporation for any purpose whatsoever in respect of the Excess Securities. The Corporation shall determine which shares Owned by Specified Foreign Entity constitute the Excess Securities. The determination of the Corporation as to which shares constitute Excess Securities shall be conclusive. Shares deemed to constitute Excess Securities shall (until the Excess Securities are acquired by another Person in a Transfer that is not a Prohibited Transfer) not be accorded any rights of shareholders of the Corporation, including, without limitation, any voting rights or rights to receive dividends or distributions, whether liquidating or otherwise, in respect thereof, if any. Once the Excess Securities have been acquired in a Transfer that is not a Prohibited Transfer, such Corporation Securities shall cease to be Excess Securities. For this purpose, any transfer of Excess Securities not in accordance with the provisions of this section (f) of this Article FIFTH shall also be a Prohibited Transfer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) If the Board of Directors determines that a Transfer of Corporation Securities constitutes a Prohibited Transfer pursuant to section (d) of this Article FIFTH, then, upon written demand by the Corporation, the Purported Transferee shall transfer or cause to be transferred any certificate or other evidence of ownership of the Excess Securities within the Purported Transferee's possession or control, together with any Prohibited Distributions, to the Agent. The Agent shall thereupon sell to a buyer or buyers, which may include the Corporation, the Excess Securities transferred to it in one or more arm's-length transactions (over the NYSE or other national securities exchange on which Corporation Securities may be traded, if possible, or otherwise privately); <u>provided</u>, <u>however</u>, that the Agent shall use reasonable efforts to effect such sale or sales in an orderly fashion and shall not be required to effect any such sale within any specific time frame if, in the Agent's discretion, such sale or sales would disrupt the market for Corporation Securities or otherwise would adversely affect the value of Corporation Securities. If the Purported Transferee has resold the Excess Securities before receiving the Corporation's demand to surrender Excess Securities to the Agent, the Purported Transferee shall be deemed to have sold the Excess Securities for the Agent, and shall be required to transfer to the Agent any Prohibited Distributions and proceeds of such sale, except to the extent that the Corporation grants written permission to the Purported Transferee to retain all or a portion of such sales proceeds to the extent not exceeding the amount that the Purported Transferee would have received from the Agent pursuant to section (f)(2) of this Article FIFTH if the Agent rather than the Purported Transferee had resold the Excess Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) The Agent shall apply any proceeds or any other amounts received by it in accordance with section (f)(1) of this Article FIFTH as follows: (A) first, such amounts shall be paid to the Agent to the extent necessary to cover its reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection with its duties hereunder; (B) second, any remaining amounts shall be paid to the Purported Transferee, up to the amount paid by the Purported Transferee for the Excess Securities (or in the case of any Prohibited Transfer by gift, devise or inheritance or any other Prohibited Transfer without consideration, the fair market value, calculated on the basis of the closing market price for Corporation Securities on the day before the Prohibited Transfer; and (C) third, any remaining amounts, subject to the limitations imposed by the following proviso, shall be paid to one or more organizations qualifying under Section 501(c)(3) of the Tax Code (or any comparable successor provision) selected by the Board of Directors. The recourse of any Purported Transferee in respect of any Prohibited Transfer shall be limited to the amount payable to the Purported Transferee pursuant to clause (B) of the preceding sentence. In no event shall the proceeds of any sale of Excess Securities pursuant to this section (f) of this Article FIFTH inure to the benefit of the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) In the event of any Transfer that does not involve a transfer of Corporation Securities within the meaning of the laws of Delaware, but that would cause a Substantial Shareholder to violate any restriction on Transfer provided for in section (d) of this Article FIFTH, the application of sections (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this Article FIFTH shall be modified as described in this section (f)(3) of this Article FIFTH. In such case, no such Substantial Shareholder shall be required to dispose of any interest that is not a Corporation Security, but such Substantial Shareholder and/or any Person whose ownership of Corporation Securities is attributed to or taken into account with respect to such Substantial Shareholder shall, in the case of section (f)(1) of this Article FIFTH, be deemed to have disposed of and shall be required to dispose of sufficient Corporation Securities (which Corporation Securities shall be disposed of in the inverse order in which they were acquired) to cause such Substantial Shareholder, following such disposition, not to be in violation of this Article FIFTH. Such disposition or process shall be deemed to occur simultaneously with the Transfer giving rise to the application of this provision, and such number of Securities that are deemed to be disposed of shall be considered Excess Securities and shall be disposed of through the Agent as provided in sections (f)(1) and f(2) of this Article FIFTH, except that the maximum aggregate amount payable either to such Substantial Shareholder, or to such other Person that was the direct holder of such Excess Securities, in connection with such sale shall be the fair market value (determined in accordance with section (f)(2) of this Article FIFTH) of such Excess Securities at the time of the purported Transfer. All such reasonable expenses incurred by the Agent in disposing of such Excess Securities shall be paid out of any amounts due such Substantial Shareholder or such other Person. The purpose of this section (f)(3) of this Article FIFTH is to extend the restrictions in sections (d) and (f)(1) of this Article FIFTH to situations in which there is a Prohibited Transfer without a direct Transfer of Securities, and this section (f)(3) of this Article FIFTH, along with the other provisions of this Article FIFTH, shall be interpreted to produce the same results, with differences as the context requires, as a direct Transfer of Corporation Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) If the Purported Transferee fails to surrender the Excess Securities or the proceeds of a sale thereof to the Agent within 30 days from the date on which the Corporation makes a written demand pursuant to section (f)(1) of this Article FIFTH, then the Corporation shall use its best efforts to enforce the provisions hereof, including the institution of legal proceedings to compel the surrender. Nothing in this section (f)(4) of this Article FIFTH shall (A) be deemed to be inconsistent with any Transfer of the Excess Securities provided in this Article FIFTH to be *void ab initio*, or (B) preclude the Corporation in its discretion from immediately instituting legal proceedings without a prior demand. The Board of Directors or a committee thereof may authorize such additional actions as it deems advisable to give effect to the provisions of this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) The Corporation shall make the written demand described in section (f)(1) of this Article FIFTH within 30 days of the date on which the Board of Directors determines that the attempted Transfer would result in Excess Securities; <u>provided</u>, <u>however</u>, that, if the Corporation makes such demand at a later date, the provisions of this Article FIFTH shall apply nonetheless. No failure by the Corporation to act within the time periods set forth in section (f) of this Article FIFTH shall constitute a waiver or loss of any right of the Corporation under this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) <u>Redemption of Excess Securities</u>. Instead of applying the provisions set forth in section (f) of this Article FIFTH, the Corporation shall have the power, but not the obligation, to redeem any Excess Securities subject to the following terms and conditions:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Corporation shall pay a redemption price per share for the Excess Securities to be redeemed equal to the closing market price for Corporation Securities on the day before the Prohibited Transfer;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the redemption price shall be paid in U.S. Dollars;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) the Corporation shall give a notice of redemption by first class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than ten calendar days prior to the redemption date to each holder of record of the Excess Securities to be redeemed, at such holder's address as the same appears on the share transfer records of the Corporation (or, in the absence of such address in the transfer records of the Corporation, at such other address as the Corporation may determine in its sole discretion). Each such notice shall state (i) the redemption date, (ii) the number of Excess Securities to be redeemed from such holder, and (iii) the redemption price per Excess Share and the manner of payment thereof;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) from and after the redemption date and upon payment by the Corporation of the redemption price the Excess Securities shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights of the holders thereof as stockholders of the Corporation shall cease; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) such other terms and conditions as the Board of Directors of Directors may determine in its sole discretion.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) <u>Obligation to Provide Information</u>. Any Person that is a beneficial, legal or record holder of Corporation Securities, and any proposed transferor or transferee and any Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with the proposed transferor or transferee, shall as and to the extent reasonably requested in writing by the Corporation, use commercially reasonable efforts promptly to provide such information that the Corporation may request as may be necessary from time to time in order to determine compliance with this Article FIFTH or the status of the tax benefits. For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this section (h) of this Article FIFTH, in no event will any Person have any obligation to provide any such information that such Person determines, in its reasonable judgment, it is legally or contractually prohibited from disclosing; provided, that the Board of Directors may decline to authorize a Proposed Transaction, notwithstanding any provision of section (e)(1) of this Article FIFTH to the contrary, if any Requesting Person does not provide any information reasonably requested by the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) <u>NYSE Transactions</u>. Nothing in this Article FIFTH shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange (then registered as such pursuant to section 6 of the Exchange Act) or automated interdealer quotation system for so long as any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation is listed on the NYSE or on such exchange or traded through such system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any provision of this Article FIFTH and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article FIFTH.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) <u>Severability</u>. Each provision of this Article FIFTH is intended to be severable from every other provision. If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Article FIFTH is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality or enforceability of any other provision of this Article FIFTH of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of any other provision of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation shall not be affected, and such other provisions shall be construed as if the provisions held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable had been reformed to the extent required to be valid, legal and enforceable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) <u>Legend; Notation</u>. The Board of Directors may require that any certificates representing shares of Corporation Securities shall contain a conspicuous legend in substantially the following form, or as may otherwise be determined by the Board of Directors, evidencing the restrictions set forth in this Article FIFTH:

"THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF THE CORPORATION, AS THE SAME MAY BE AMENDED AND RESTATED FROM TIME TO TIME (THE "AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION"), CONTAINS CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS PROHIBITING THE TRANSFER (AS DEFINED IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION) OF CORPORATION SECURITIES (AS DEFINED IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION) WITHOUT THE PRIOR AUTHORIZATION OF THE CORPORATION'S BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF DIRECTORS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION IF SUCH TRANSFER MAY AFFECT THE PERCENTAGE OF STOCK OF THE CORPORATION (WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 7701(a)(51) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, AND THE TREASURY REGULATIONS PROMULGATED THEREUNDER) THAT IS TREATED AS OWNED BY A "SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDER" AS DEFINED IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION. A COMPLETE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF THE CORPORATION SHALL BE FURNISHED FREE OF CHARGE TO THE HOLDER OF RECORD OF THIS CERTIFICATE UPON WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION."

The Corporation shall have the power to make appropriate notations upon its stock transfer records and to instruct any transfer agent, registrar, securities intermediary or depository with respect to the requirements of this Article FIFTH for any uncertificated Corporation Securities or Corporation Securities held in an indirect holding system, and the Corporation shall provide notice of the restrictions on transfer and ownership to holders of uncertificated shares in accordance with applicable law.

<u>SECOND</u>: Article 4(a) of the Corporation's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is hereby amended to read in its entirety as set forth below:

<u>FOURTH</u>:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Authorized Capital Stock. The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is five hundred ten million (510,000,000) shares of capital stock, consisting of (i) five hundred million (500,000,000) shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), and (ii) ten million (10,000,000) shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"). The number of authorized shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Common Stock, without a vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock, or of any series thereof, unless a vote of any such Preferred Stock holders is required pursuant to the provisions established by the Board of Directors of the Corporation in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such Preferred Stock, and if such holders of such Preferred Stock are so entitled to vote thereon, then, except as may otherwise be set forth in the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, the only stockholder approval required shall be the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the Common Stock and the Preferred Stock so entitled to vote, voting together as a single class.

<u>THIRD</u>: Prior Articles FIFTH through THIRTEENTH shall now each be renumbered as Articles SIXTH through FOURTEENTH of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

<u>FOURTH</u>: Prior Article FIFTH, hereby renumbered as Article SIXTH, is hereby amended as follows:

<u>SIXTH</u>:

The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and for further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation and of its directors and stockholders.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the number of the directors of the Corporation shall be fixed as provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) A director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor shall be elected and shall qualify, subject, however, to prior death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Subject to the terms of any one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors that results from an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the Board of Directors then in office, provided that a quorum is present, and any other vacancy occurring on the Board of Directors may be filled by a majority of the Board of Directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Any director elected to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding, any or all of the directors of the Corporation may be removed from office at any time, but only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the Corporation's then outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately by class or series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation applicable thereto, and such directors so elected shall not be divided into classes pursuant to this Article SIXTH unless expressly provided by such terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) In addition to the powers and authority hereinbefore or by statute expressly conferred upon them, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the Corporation, subject, nevertheless, to the provisions of the GCL, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and any Bylaws adopted by the stockholders; provided, however, that no Bylaws hereafter adopted by the stockholders shall invalidate any prior act of the directors which would have been valid if such Bylaws had not been adopted.

<u>FIFTH</u>: The foregoing amendment was duly adopted in accordance with Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

<u>SIXTH</u>: This Certificate of Amendment shall become effective at 12:01 am Eastern Time on December 4, 2025.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, T1 Energy Inc. has caused this Certificate to be duly executed in its corporate name this 3<sup>rd</sup> day of December, 2025.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| T1 ENERGY INC. | T1 ENERGY INC. |
| By: | /s/ Daniel Barcelo |
|  | Name: Daniel Barcelo |
|  | Title: Chief Executive Officer |

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