# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001690639
**File Stem:** 0001437749-23-005722
**Filing Date:** 2023-3
**Character Count:** 230135
**Document Hash:** 5a66c11d957d769b02cdd3928a9e5213
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001437749-23-005722.hdr.sgml**: 20241204

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001437749-23-005722

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 6-K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 97

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20230131

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20230308

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20230308

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** VersaBank
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001690639
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** COMMERCIAL BANKS, NEC [6029]
- **IRS NUMBER:** 000000000
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** Z4
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1031

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 6-K
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-40805
- **FILM NUMBER:** 23714855

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 140 FULLARTON STREET
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 2002
- **CITY:** LONDON
- **STATE:** A6
- **ZIP:** N6A 5P2
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 519-645-1919

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 140 FULLARTON STREET
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 2002
- **CITY:** LONDON
- **STATE:** A6
- **ZIP:** N6A 5P2

versb20230131_10k.htm

**UNITED STATES** 

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION** 

**Washington, D.C. 20549** 

**FORM **6-K**

**REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER** 

**PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16** 

**UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934** 

**For the month of **March 2023**

**Commission File Number: **001-40805**

## VersaBank
**(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)** 

**140 Fullarton Street, Suite 2002**

**London, **Ontario N6A 5P2**

**Canada**

**(Address of principal executive offices)** 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☐ Form 40-F ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ☐

------

On March 8, 2023, VersaBank issued Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Operations and Financial Condition for the three months ended January 31, 2023, a press release, dated March 8, 2023, titled Versabank reports continued strong results for first quarter 2023 highlighted by 69% year-over-year growth in net income to record $9.4 million, a press release, dated March 8, 2023, titled VersaBank Declares Dividends, Form 52-109F2 certificate of interim filings by CEO and Form 52-109F2 certificate of interim filings by CFO, copies of which are furnished as Exhibit 99.1, Exhibit 99.2, Exhibit 99.3, Exhibit 99.4, Exhibit 99.5 and Exhibit 99.6, respectively, to this Report of Foreign Private Issuer on Form 6-K

The information in this Form 6-K (including Exhibit 99.1, Exhibit 99.2, Exhibit 99.3, Exhibit 99.4, Exhibit 99.5 and Exhibit 99.6) shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act.

------

**SIGNATURES** 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **VERSABANK** | **VERSABANK** | **VERSABANK** |
| Date: March 8, 2023 | By:  | /s/ Shawn Clarke | /s/ Shawn Clarke |
|  |  | Name: | Shawn Clarke |
|  |  | Title: | Chief Financial Officer |

---

------

**EXHIBIT INDEX** 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit**<br> **No.** | **Description** |
| 99.1 | [Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022.](ex_482036.htm) |
| 99.2 | [Management's Discussion and Analysis of Operations and Financial Condition for the three months ended January 31, 2023.](ex_482037.htm) |
| 99.3 | [Press Release, dated March 8, 2023, titled VERSABANK REPORTS CONTINUED STRONG RESULTS FOR FIRST QUARTER 2023 HIGHLIGHTED BY 69% YEAR-OVER-YEAR GROWTH IN NET INCOME TO RECORD $9.4 MILLION.](ex_485126.htm) |
| 99.4 | [Press Release, dated March 8, 2023, titled VersaBank Declares Dividends.](ex_483732.htm) |
| 99.5 | [VersaBank—Form 52-109F2 certificate of interim filings by CEO.](ex_483733.htm) |
| 99.6 | [VersaBank—Form 52-109F2 certificate of interim filings by CFO.](ex_483734.htm) |

---

## Exhibit 99.1

ex_482036.htm

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**Exhibit 99.1**

![ex_482036img001.jpg](ex_482036img001.jpg)

**Interim Consolidated Financial Statements**

**January 31, 2023**

**(Unaudited)**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1

------

**VERSABANK**

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
| As at | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| **Assets** |  |  |  |
| Cash | $201372 | $88581 | $155239 |
| Securities (note 4) | 49847 | 141564 |  |
| Loans, net of allowance for credit losses (note 5) | 3235083 | 2992678 | 2215638 |
| Other assets (note 6) | 45388 | 43175 | 44469 |
|  | $3531690 | $3265998 | $2415346 |
| **Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity** |  |  |  |
| Deposits | $2925452 | $2657540 | $1847003 |
| Subordinated notes payable (note 7) | 102765 | 104951 | 97726 |
| Other liabilities (note 8) | 152296 | 152832 | 133666 |
|  | 3180513 | 2915323 | 2078395 |
| Shareholders' equity: |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Share capital (note 9) | 232512 | 239629 | 241321 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Contributed surplus | 1955 | 1612 | 341 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Retained earnings | 116638 | 109335 | 95276 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accumulated other comprehensive income | 72 | 99 | 13 |
|  | 351177 | 350675 | 336951 |
|  | $3531690 | $3265998 | $2415346 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2

------

**VERSABANK**

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) |  |  |
|  | for the three months ended | for the three months ended |
|  | January 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| Interest income: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Loans | $46855 | $24514 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Other | 2706 | 206 |
|  | 49561 | 24720 |
| Interest expense: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Deposits and other | 23841 | 6469 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subordinated notes | 1446 | 1366 |
|  | 25287 | 7835 |
| Net interest income | 24274 | 16885 |
| Non-interest income | 1644 | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 25918 | 18266 |
| Provision for credit losses (note 5) | 385 | 2 |
|  | 25533 | 18264 |
| Non-interest expenses: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Salaries and benefits | 8257 | 6083 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; General and administrative | 3126 | 3624 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Premises and equipment | 952 | 929 |
|  | 12335 | 10636 |
| Income before income taxes | 13198 | 7628 |
| Income tax provision (note 10) | 3781 | 2062 |
| Net income | 9417 | 5566 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Item that may subsequently be reclassified to net income: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Foreign exchange gain (loss) on translation of foreign operations | (27) | 17 |
| Comprehensive income | $9390 | $5583 |
| Basic and diluted income per common share (note 11) | $0.34 | $0.19 |
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding | 27025317 | 27441082 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3

------

**VERSABANK**

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

(Unaudited)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |
|  | for the three months ended | for the three months ended |
|  | January 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| Common shares (note 9): |  |  |
| Balance, beginning of the period | $225982 | $227674 |
| Purchased and cancelled during the period | (7117) |  |
| Balance, end of the period | $218865 | $227674 |
| Preferred shares (note 9): |  |  |
| *Series 1 preferred shares* | | |
| Balance, beginning and end of the period | $13647 | $13647 |
| Total share capital | $232512 | $241321 |
| Contributed surplus: |  |  |
| Balance, beginning of the period | $1612 | $145 |
| Stock-based compensation (note 9) | 343 | 196 |
| Balance, end of the period | $1955 | $341 |
| Retained earnings: |  |  |
| Balance, beginning of the period | $109335 | $90644 |
| Adjustment for purchased and cancelled common shares | (1204) |  |
| Net income | 9417 | 5566 |
| Dividends paid on common and preferred shares | (910) | (934) |
| Balance, end of the period | $116638 | $95276 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income: |  |  |
| Balance, beginning of the period | $99 | $(4) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | (27) | 17 |
| Balance, end of the period | $72 | $13 |
| Total shareholders' equity | $351177 | $336951 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4

------

**VERSABANK** 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |
|  | for the three months ended | for the three months ended |
|  | January 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| Cash provided by (used in): |  |  |
| Operations: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net income | $9417 | $5566 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Adjustments to determine net cash flows: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Items not involving cash: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Provision for credit losses | 385 | 2 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Stock-based compensation | 343 | 196 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Income tax provision | 3781 | 2062 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Interest income | (49561) | (24720) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Interest expense | 25287 | 7835 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Amortization | 467 | 490 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accretion of discount on securities | (533) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Foreign exchange rate change on assets and liabilities | 10663 | 2430 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Interest received | 47368 | 23594 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Interest paid | (15360) | (9406) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Income taxes paid | (7710) | (2820) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Change in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Securities | 92029 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Loans | (241216) | (111400) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Deposits | 259294 | (3385) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Change in other assets and liabilities | (8451) | (3308) |
|  | 126203 | (112864) |
| Purchase of investment: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Purchase of property and equipment | (25) | (32) |
|  | (25) | (32) |
| Financing: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Purchase and cancellation of common shares | (8321) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dividends paid | (910) | (934) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Repayment of lease obligations | (176) | (169) |
|  | (9407) | (1103) |
| Change in cash | 116771 | (113999) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (3980) | (2285) |
| Cash, beginning of the period | 88581 | 271523 |
| Cash, end of the period | $201372 | $155239 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***1.*** **Reporting entity:**

VersaBank (the "Bank") operates as a Schedule I bank under the *Bank Act* (Canada) and is regulated by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions Canada ("OSFI"). The Bank, whose shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange and Nasdaq Stock Exchange, provides commercial lending and banking services to select niche markets in Canada and the United States as well as cybersecurity services through the operations of its wholly owned subsidiary DRT Cyber Inc. ("DRTC"). The Bank is incorporated and domiciled in Canada, and maintains its registered office at Suite *2002, 140* Fullarton Street, London, Ontario, Canada, *N6A 5P2.*

***2.*** **Basis of preparation:**

a) Statement of compliance:

These interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard ("IAS") *34* – *Interim Financial Reporting* and do *not* include all of the information required for full annual financial statements*.* These interim Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Bank's audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended *October 31, 2022.*

The interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022* were approved by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors on *March 6, 2023.*

b) Basis of measurement:

These interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except the investment in Canada Stablecorp Inc. (note *6*) and an interest rate swap (note *12*), which are measured at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

c) Functional and presentation currency:

These interim Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is the Bank's functional currency. Functional currency is also determined for each of the Bank's subsidiaries, and items included in the interim financial statements of the subsidiaries are measured using their functional currency.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *6*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

d) Use of estimates and judgements:

In preparing these interim Consolidated Financial Statements, management has exercised judgement and developed estimates in applying accounting policies and generating reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and income and expenses during the reporting periods. Areas where judgement was applied include assessing significant changes in credit risk on financial assets and in the selection of relevant forward-looking information in assessing the Bank's allowance for expected credit losses on its financial assets as described in note *5* – Loans. Estimates are applied in the determination of the allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets, the fair value of stock options granted as described in note *9,* and the measurement of deferred income taxes. It is reasonably possible, on the basis of existing knowledge, that actual results *may* vary from those expected in the development of these estimates. This could result in material adjustments to the carrying amounts of assets and/or liabilities affected in the future.

Available forward-looking information, including forecast macroeconomic indicator and industry performance trend data, is influenced by a number of factors, including, but *not* limited to, higher interest rates and inflation, consumer spending trends and the strength of household balance sheets, housing prices, the sustainability of a strong labour market and the effectiveness of low unemployment offsetting the impact of elevated inflation as well as geo-political risk resulting from the crisis in Ukraine and the impact of the crisis on global supply chains. The dynamic nature of these macroeconomic factors and activities and their influence on the available forward looking information results in the assumptions, judgements and estimates made by management in the preparation of these interim Consolidated Financial Statements being subject to some uncertainty.

Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are applied prospectively once they are known.

***3.*** **Significant accounting policies and future accounting changes:**

The accounting policies applied by the Bank in these interim Consolidated Financial Statements are the same as those applied by the Bank as at and for the year ended *October 31, 2022* and are detailed in note *3* of the Bank's *2022* audited Consolidated Financial Statements. During the current period, the Bank updated or incorporated the following significant accounting policies:

Derivative instruments:

Derivatives are reported as other assets when they have a positive fair value and as other liabilities when they have a negative fair value. Derivatives *may* be embedded in other financial instruments. Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments are valued as separate derivatives when: the economic characteristics and risks associated are *not* clearly and closely related to those of the host contract; the terms of the embedded derivative would meet the definition of a derivative if it was a stand-alone, independent instrument; and the combined contract is *not* held for trading or designated at fair value through profit or loss. For financial statement disclosure purposes, embedded derivatives are combined with the host contract.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *7*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

Hedge accounting:

The Bank has elected, as permitted, to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS *39.* Interest rate swap agreements are entered into for asset liability management ("ALM") purposes. When hedge accounting criteria are met, derivative contracts are accounted for as described below.

To meet the criteria for hedge accounting, the Bank documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, how hedge effectiveness is assessed, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives to specific assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Bank also formally assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items.

There are *three* main types of hedges: (i) fair value hedges, (ii) cash flow hedges and (iii) net investment hedges.

The Bank has only fair value hedges outstanding. In a fair value hedge, the change in the fair value of the hedging derivative is recognized in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item (basis adjustment) and is also recognized in non-interest income in the in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The Bank utilizes fair value hedges primarily to convert fixed rate financial assets to floating rate financial assets. The primary financial instruments designated in fair value hedging relationships are loans. If the derivative expires or is sold, terminated, *no* longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, or the designation is revoked, hedge accounting is discontinued. Any basis adjustment up to that point made to a hedged item for which the effective interest method is used is amortized to the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income as part of the recalculated effective interest rate of the item over its remaining term. If the hedged item is derecognized, the unamortized fair value is recognized immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

In fair value hedges, ineffectiveness arises to the extent that change in fair value of the hedging items differs from the change in fair value of the hedge risk in the hedged item. Any hedge ineffectiveness is measured and recorded in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Derivative contracts which do *not* qualify for hedge accounting are marked-to-market and the resulting net gains or losses are recognized in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***4.*** **Securities:**

As at *January 31, 2023,* the Bank held securities totalling $49.8 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $141.6 million), comprised of a Government of Canada Treasury Bill and a US Government Treasury Bill. The Government of Canada Treasury Bill was purchased for $19.5 million with a face value totaling $20.0 million, resulting in a yield of 2.81%, and maturing on *May 25, 2023.* The US Government Treasury Bill was purchased for USD $22.4 million ($29.9 million) with a face value of USD $22.5 million ($30.0 million), resulting in a yield of 4.18%, and matured on *February 7, 2023.*

***5.*** **Loans, net of allowance for credit losses:**

The Bank organizes its lending portfolio into the following *four* broad asset categories: Point-of-Sale Loans and Leases, Commercial Real Estate Mortgages, Commercial Real Estate Loans, and Public Sector and Other Financing. These categories have been established in the Bank's proprietary, internally developed asset management system and have been designed to catalogue individual lending assets as a function primarily of their key risk drivers, the nature of the underlying collateral, and the applicable market segment.

The **Point-of-Sale Loans and Leases (**"**POS Financing**"**)** asset category is comprised of Point of Sale Loan and Lease Receivables acquired from the Bank's broad network of origination and servicing partners as well as Warehouse Loans that provide bridge financing to the Bank's origination and servicing partners for the purpose of accumulating and seasoning practical volumes of individual loans and leases prior to the Bank purchasing the cashflow receivables derived from same.

The **Commercial Real Estate Mortgages (**"**CRE Mortgages**"**)** asset category is comprised of Commercial and Residential Construction Mortgages, Commercial Term Mortgages, Commercial Insured Mortgages and Land Mortgages. While all of these loans would be considered commercial loans or business-to-business loans, the underlying credit risk exposure is diversified across both the commercial and retail market segments, and further, the portfolio benefits from diversity in its underlying security in the form of a broad range of collateral properties.

The **Commercial Real Estate Loans (**"**CRE Loans**"**)** asset category is comprised primarily of Condominium Corporation Financing loans.

The **Public Sector and Other Financing (**"**PSOF**"**)** asset category is comprised primarily of Public Sector Loans and Leases, a small balance of Corporate Loans and Leases and Single Family Residential Conventional and Insured Mortgages.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *9*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

a) Summary of loans and allowance for credit losses:

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Point-of-sale loans and leases | $2414266 | $2220894 | $1439781 |
| Commercial real estate mortgages | 752138 | 710369 | 722829 |
| Commercial real estate loans | 12811 | 13165 | 14600 |
| Public sector and other financing | 42523 | 35452 | 31247 |
|  | 3221738 | 2979880 | 2208457 |
| Allowance for credit losses | (2289) | (1904) | (1455) |
| Accrued interest | 15634 | 14702 | 8636 |
| Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses | $3235083 | $2992678 | $2215638 |

---

The following table provides a summary of loan amounts, expected credit loss allowance amounts, and expected loss rates by lending asset category:

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | As at January 31, 2023 | As at January 31, 2023 | As at January 31, 2023 | As at January 31, 2023 | As at October 31, 2022 | As at October 31, 2022 | As at October 31, 2022 | As at October 31, 2022 |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | **Stage 1** | **Stage 2** | **Stage 3** | **Total** | **Stage 1** | **Stage 2** | **Stage 3** | **Total** |
| **Point-of-sale loans and leases** | $2407986 | $4598 | $1682 | $**2414266** | $2215388 | $5227 | $279 | $**2220894** |
| *ECL allowance* | *583* | *-* | *-* | ***583*** | *545* | *-* | *-* | ***545*** |
| EL % | 0.02% | 0.00% | 0.00% | **0.02%** | 0.02% | 0.00% | 0.00% | **0.02%** |
| **Commercial real estate mortgages** | $668730 | $83408 | $- | $**752138** | $599113 | $111256 | $- | $**710369** |
| *ECL allowance* | *1517* | *74* | *-* | ***1591*** | *1150* | *137* | *-* | ***1287*** |
| EL % | 0.23% | 0.09% | 0.00% | **0.21%** | 0.19% | 0.12% | 0.00% | **0.18%** |
| **Commercial real estate loans** | $12811 | $- | $- | $**12811** | $13165 | $- | $- | $**13165** |
| *ECL allowance* | *57* | *-* | *-* | ***57*** | *54* | *-* | *-* | ***54*** |
| EL % | 0.44% | 0.00% | 0.00% | **0.44%** | 0.41% | 0.00% | 0.00% | **0.41%** |
| **Public sector and other financing** | $42348 | $175 | $- | $**42523** | $35273 | $179 | $- | $**35452** |
| *ECL allowance* | *55* | *3* | *-* | ***58*** | *17* | *1* | *-* | ***18*** |
| EL % | 0.13% | 1.71% | 0.00% | **0.14%** | 0.05% | 0.56% | 0.00% | **0.05%** |
| **Total loans** | $3131875 | $88181 | $1682 | $**3221738** | $2862939 | $116662 | $279 | $**2979880** |
| *Total ECL allowance* | *2212* | *77* | *-* | ***2289*** | *1766* | *138* | *-* | ***1904*** |
| Total EL % | 0.07% | 0.09% | 0.00% | **0.07%** | 0.06% | 0.12% | 0.00% | **0.06%** |

---

The Bank's maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of its financial assets. The Bank holds security against the majority of its loans in the form of mortgage interests over property, other registered securities over assets, guarantees or cash reserves on loan and lease receivables included in the POS Financing portfolio (see note *8*).

*Allowance for credit losses*

The Bank must maintain an allowance for expected credit losses ("ECL") that is adequate, in management's opinion, to absorb all credit related losses in the Bank's lending and treasury portfolios. Under IFRS *9,* the Bank's ECL is estimated using the expected credit loss methodology and is comprised of expected credit losses recognized on both performing loans, and non-performing, or impaired loans even if *no* actual loss event has occurred.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *10*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

*Assessment of significant increase in credit risk (*"*SICR*"*)*

At each reporting date, the Bank assesses whether or *not* there has been a SICR for loans since initial recognition by comparing, at the reporting date, the risk of default occurring over the remaining expected life against the risk of default at initial recognition.

SICR is a function of the loan's internal risk rating assignment, internal watchlist status, loan review status and delinquency status which are updated as necessary in response to changes including, but *not* limited to, changes in macroeconomic and/or market conditions, changes in a borrower's credit risk profile, and changes in the strength of the underlying security, including guarantor status, if a guarantor exists.

Quantitative models *may not* always be able to capture all reasonable and supportable information that *may* indicate a SICR. As a result, qualitative factors *may* be considered to supplement such a gap.

Examples include changes in adjudication criteria for a particular group of borrowers or asset categories or changes in portfolio composition as well as changes in Canadian and US macroeconomic trends attributable to changes in monetary policy, inflation, employment rates, consumer behaviour and geo-political risks.

*Expected credit loss model - Estimation of expected credit losses*

Expected credit losses are an estimate of a loan's expected cash shortfalls discounted at the effective interest rate, where a cash shortfall is the difference between the contractual cash flows that are due to the Bank and the cash flows that the Bank actually expects to receive.

*Forward-looking Information*

The Bank incorporates the impact of future economic conditions, or more specifically forward-looking information into the estimation of expected credit losses at the credit risk parameter level. This is accomplished via the credit risk parameter models and proxy datasets that the Bank utilizes to develop probability of default ("PD"), and loss given default ("LGD"), term structure forecasts for its loans. The Bank has sourced credit risk modeling systems and forecast macroeconomic scenario data from Moody's Analytics, a *third*-party service provider for the purpose of computing forward-looking credit risk parameters under multiple macroeconomic scenarios that consider both market-wide and idiosyncratic factors and influences. These systems are used in conjunction with the Bank's internally developed ECL models. Given that the Bank has experienced very limited historical losses and, therefore, does *not* have available statistically significant loss data inventory for use in developing internal, forward looking expected credit loss trends, the use of unbiased, *third*-party forward-looking credit risk parameter modeling systems is particularly important for the Bank in the context of the estimation of expected credit losses.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *11*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

The Bank utilizes macroeconomic indicator data derived from multiple macroeconomic scenarios in order to mitigate volatility in the estimation of expected credit losses, as well as to satisfy the IFRS *9* requirement that future economic conditions are to be based on an unbiased, probability-weighted assessment of possible future outcomes. More specifically, the macroeconomic indicators set out in the macroeconomic scenarios are used as inputs for the credit risk parameter models utilized by the Bank to sensitize the individual PD and LGD term structure forecasts to the respective macroeconomic trajectory set out in each of the scenarios (see Expected Credit Loss Sensitivity below). Currently the Bank utilizes upside, downside and baseline forecast macroeconomic scenarios, and assigns discrete weights to each for use in the estimation of its reported ECL. The Bank has also applied expert credit judgement, where appropriate, to reflect, amongst other items, uncertainty in the Canadian and US macroeconomic environments.

The macroeconomic indicator data utilized by the Bank for the purpose of sensitizing PD and LGD term structure data to forward economic conditions include, but are *not* limited to: GDP, the national unemployment rate, long term interest rates, the consumer price index, the S&P/TSX Index and the price of oil. These specific macroeconomic indicators were selected in an attempt to ensure that the spectrum of fundamental macroeconomic influences on the key drivers of the credit risk profile of the Bank's balance sheet, including: corporate, consumer and real estate market dynamics; corporate, consumer and SME borrower performance; geography; as well as collateral value volatility, are appropriately captured and incorporated into the Bank's forward macroeconomic sensitivity analysis.

Key assumptions driving the base case macroeconomic forecast trends this quarter include: household finances come under pressure attributable to elevated inflation and higher interest rates as the Bank of Canada pushes the overnight rate to *4.75%;* the housing sector continues to pull back as home sales reduce and prices compress over the course of *2023* precipitating a slow down in the construction, finance and manufacturing industries; unemployment starts to rise and a small, technical recession ensues in the *first* half of *2023* as consumer spending dampens and firms lower their growth plans; the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on global commodity prices and trade continues to diminish; public health restrictions do *not* return even as new COVID-*19* case counts occasionally spike through the winter; and, supply-chain stress continues to ease as global vaccination rates improve and goods demand softens.

Management developed ECL estimates using credit risk parameter term structure forecasts sensitized to individual baseline, upside and downside forecast macroeconomic scenarios, each weighted at *100%,* and subsequently computed the variance of each to the Bank's reported ECL as at *January 31, 2023* in order to assess the alignment of the Bank's reported ECL with the Bank's credit risk profile, and further, to assess the scope, depth and ultimate effectiveness of the credit risk mitigation strategies that the Bank has applied to its lending portfolios (see Expected credit loss sensitivity below).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *12*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

*Expected credit loss sensitivity:*

The following table presents the sensitivity of the Bank's estimated ECL to a range of individual macroeconomic scenarios, that in isolation *may not* reflect the Bank's actual expected ECL exposure, as well as the variance of each to the Bank's reported ECL as at *January 31, 2023:*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |
|  | Reported | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|  | ECL | Upside | Baseline | Downside |
| Allowance for expected credit losses | $2289 | $1857 | $2772 | $4025 |
| Variance from reported ECL |  | (432) | 483 | 1736 |
| Variance from reported ECL (%) |  | (19%) | 21% | 76% |

---

The ECL model requires the recognition of credit losses based on *12* months of expected losses for performing loans which is reflected in the Bank's Stage *1* grouping. The Bank recognizes lifetime expected losses on loans that have experienced a significant increase in credit risk since origination which is reflected in the Bank's Stage *2* grouping. Impaired loans require recognition of lifetime losses and is reflected in Stage *3* grouping.

The determination of a significant increase in credit risk is a function primarily of loan product type and the associated risk profile of same. The principal factors considered in making this determination include relative changes in the Bank's internal risk rating assignment, the loan's watchlist status, and the loan's delinquency status. Notwithstanding the above, the assessment of a significant increase in credit risk will require experienced credit judgement.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *13*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Bank's ECL allowance by lending asset category for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2023:*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | **Stage 1** | **Stage 2** | **Stage 3** | **Total** |
| **Point-of-sale loans and leases** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $545 | $- | $- | $545 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 | 38 | (38) |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 | (54) | 54 |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | 54 | (16) |  | 38 |
| Loan originations |  |  |  |  |
| Derecognitions and maturities |  |  |  |  |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 38 |  |  | 38 |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**583** | $**-** | $**-** | $**583** |
| **Commercial real estate mortgages** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $1150 | $137 | $- | $1287 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 | 62 | (62) |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 | (30) | 30 |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | 263 | (31) |  | 232 |
| Loan originations | 86 |  |  | 86 |
| Derecognitions and maturities | (14) |  |  | (14) |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 367 | (63) |  | 304 |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**1517** | $**74** | $**-** | $**1591** |
| **Commercial real estate loans** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $54 | $- | $- | $54 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | 3 |  |  | 3 |
| Loan originations |  |  |  |  |
| Derecognitions and maturities |  |  |  |  |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 3 |  |  | 3 |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**57** | $**-** | $**-** | $**57** |
| **Public sector and other financing** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $17 | $1 | $- | $18 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | 11 | 2 |  | 13 |
| Loan originations | 27 |  |  | 27 |
| Derecognitions and maturities |  |  |  |  |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 38 | 2 |  | 40 |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**55** | $**3** | $**-** | $**58** |
| **Total balance at end of period** | $**2212** | $**77** | $**-** | $**2289** |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *14*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Bank's ECL allowance by lending asset category for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2022:*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | **Stage 1** | **Stage 2** | **Stage 3** | **Total** |
| **Point-of-sale loans and leases** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $275 | $- | $- | $275 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 | 38 | (38) |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 | (58) | 58 |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | 115 | (20) |  | 95 |
| Loan originations |  |  |  |  |
| Derecognitions and maturities |  |  |  |  |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 95 |  |  | 95 |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**370** | $**-** | $**-** | $**370** |
| **Commercial real estate mortgages** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $980 | $134 | $- | $1114 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 | 14 | (14) |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 | (4) | 4 |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | (28) | (24) |  | (52) |
| Loan originations | 80 |  |  | 80 |
| Derecognitions and maturities | (93) | (4) |  | (97) |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | (31) | (38) |  | (69) |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**949** | $**96** | $**-** | $**1045** |
| **Commercial real estate loans** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $45 | $- | $- | $45 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | (9) |  |  | (9) |
| Loan originations |  |  |  |  |
| Derecognitions and maturities |  |  |  |  |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | (9) |  |  | (9) |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**36** | $**-** | $**-** | $**36** |
| **Public sector and other financing** |  |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of period | $16 | $3 | $- | $19 |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 1 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 2 |  |  |  |  |
| Transfer in (out) to Stage 3 |  |  |  |  |
| Net remeasurement of loss allowance | (11) | (3) |  | (14) |
| Loan originations |  |  |  |  |
| Derecognitions and maturities | (1) |  |  | (1) |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | (12) | (3) |  | (15) |
| Write-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Recoveries |  |  |  |  |
| **Balance at end of period** | $**4** | $**-** | $**-** | $**4** |
| **Total balance at end of period** | $**1359** | $**96** | $**-** | $**1455** |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *15*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

b) Impaired loans:

At *January 31, 2023,* the Bank held *two* impaired loans totalling $1.7 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $279,000).

***6.*** **Other assets:**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Accounts receivable | $3406 | $3774 | $2938 |
| Prepaid expenses and other | 12950 | 10213 | 11474 |
| Property and equipment | 6698 | 6868 | 6905 |
| Right-of-use assets | 3948 | 4122 | 4643 |
| Deferred income tax asset | 2003 | 2128 | 2868 |
| Interest rate swap | 49 |  |  |
| Investment (note 6a) | 953 | 953 | 953 |
| Goodwill | 5754 | 5754 | 5754 |
| Intangible assets (note 6b) | 9627 | 9363 | 8934 |
|  | $45388 | $43175 | $44469 |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) In *February 2021,* the Bank acquired an 11% investment in Canada Stablecorp Inc. ("Stablecorp") for cash consideration of $953,000. The Bank has made an irrevocable election to designate this investment at fair value through other comprehensive income at initial recognition and any future changes in the fair value of the investment will be recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) will *not* be reclassified to profit and loss at a later date.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) As at *January 31, 2023,* of total intangible assets were of $9.6 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $9.4 million), which includes, $6.6 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $6.2 million) in development costs that have been capitalized.

***7.*** **Subordinated notes payable:**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Issued March 2019, unsecured, non-viability contingent capital compliant, subordinated notes payable, principal amount of $5.0 million, $500,000 is held by related party (note 14), effective interest rate of 10.41%, maturing March 2029. | $4911 | $4908 | $4901 |
| Issued April 2021, unsecured, non-viability contingent capital compliant, subordinated notes payable, principal amount of USD $75.0 million, effective interest rate of 5.38%, maturing May 2031. | 97854 | 100043 | 92825 |
|  | $102765 | $104951 | $97726 |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***8.*** **Other liabilities:**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Accounts payable and other | $5482 | $7662 | $6155 |
| Current income tax liability | 1829 | 5797 | 1975 |
| Deferred income tax liability | 704 | 786 | 855 |
| Lease obligations | 4295 | 4471 | 4944 |
| Cash collateral and amounts held in escrow | 7210 | 8006 | 5252 |
| Cash reserves on loan and lease receivables | 132776 | 126110 | 114485 |
|  | $152296 | $152832 | $133666 |

---

***9.*** **Share capital:**

a) Common shares:

At *January 31, 2023,* there were 26,423,486 (*October 31, 2022 -* 27,245,782) common shares outstanding.

On *August 5, 2022,* the Bank received approval from the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") to proceed with a Normal Course Issuer Bid ("NCIB") for its common shares. Further, on *September 21, 2022,* the Bank received approval from the Nasdaq to proceed with a NCIB for its common shares. Pursuant to the NCIB, the Bank *may* purchase for cancellation up to 1,700,000 of its common shares representing approximately *9.54%* of its public float. The Bank's directors and management believe that the market price of the Bank's common shares does *not* reflect the value of the business and its future prospects, and further, reflects a material discount to book value; as such, the purchase of common shares for cancellation at such time is a prudent corporate measure and represents an attractive investment for the Bank.

The Bank was eligible to make purchases commencing on *August 17, 2022* and ending on *August 16, 2023,* or such earlier date as the Bank *may* complete its purchases pursuant to the NCIB. The purchases will be made by the Bank through the facilities of the TSX and alternate trading systems and in accordance with the rules of the TSX or such alternate trading systems, as applicable, and the prices that the Bank will pay for any common shares will be the market price of such shares at the time of acquisition. The Bank will make *no* purchases of common shares other than open market purchases. All shares purchased under the NCIB will be cancelled.

For the quarter ended *January 31, 2023,* the Bank purchased and cancelled 822,296 common shares for $8.3 million, reducing the Bank's Common Share capital value by $7.1 million and retained earnings by $1.2 million.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *17*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

b) Preferred shares:

At *January 31, 2023,* there were 1,461,460 (*October 31, 2022 -* 1,461,460) Series *1* preferred shares outstanding. These shares are Basel III compliant, non-cumulative rate reset preferred shares and include NVCC provisions. As a result, these shares qualify as Additional Tier *1* Capital (see note *15*).

c) Stock options

Under the Bank's stock option plan, the Bank will grant, to eligible participants, options for the Bank's common shares on a periodic basis. As per the Bank's current stock option plan, all options issued have a five year term and vest over a three year period. The Bank was authorized to issue 1,240,000 common share stock options through its stock option plan and as at *January 31, 2023,* 963,276 common share stock options were issued and outstanding (*October 31, 2022 -* 965,766).

Stock option transactions during the *three* month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022:*

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | for the three months ended | for the three months ended | for the three months ended | for the three months ended |
|  | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 |
|  |  | Weighted |  | Weighted |
|  | *Number of* | *average* | *Number of* | *average* |
|  | *options* | *exercise price* | *options* | *exercise price* |
| Outstanding, beginning of period | 965766 | $15.53 | 40000 | $7.00 |
| Granted | 1500 | 15.90 | 913730 | 15.90 |
| Exercised |  |  |  |  |
| Forfeited/cancelled | 3990 | 15.90 |  |  |
| Expired |  |  |  |  |
| Outstanding, end of period | 963276 | $15.53 | 953730 | $15.53 |

---

For the *three* month period ended *January 31, 2023,* the Bank recognized $343,000 (*January 31, 2022 -* $196,000) in compensation expense related to the estimated fair value of options granted. As at *January 31, 2023,* 40,000 common share stock options were fully vested and exercisable at $7.00 per share and expire in *October 2023.*

***10.*** **Income tax provision:**

Income tax provision for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2023* was $3.8 million (*January 31, 2022 -* $2.1 million). The Bank's combined statutory federal and provincial income tax rate is approximately 27% (*January 31, 2022 -* 27%). The effective rate is affected by certain items *not* being taxable or deductible for income tax purposes.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***11.*** **Income per common share:**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |
|  | for the three months ended | for the three months ended |
|  | January 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| Net income | $9417 | $5566 |
| Less: dividends on preferred shares | (247) | (247) |
|  | 9170 | 5319 |
| Average number of common shares outstanding | 27025317 | 27441082 |
| Income per common share: | $0.34 | $0.19 |

---

Common shares associated with the Series *1* NVCC preferred shares are contingently issuable shares and would only have a dilutive impact upon issuance. There are 40,000 outstanding employee stock options that are dilutive; however, the impact on the Bank's income per share calculation is de minimis.

***12.*** **Derivative instruments:**

At *January 31, 2023,* the Bank had an outstanding contract established for asset liability management purposes to swap between floating and fixed interest rates with a notional amount totalling $7.9 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $nil), of which $7.9 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $nil) qualified for hedge accounting. The Bank enters into interest rate contracts for its own account exclusively and does *not* act as an intermediary in this market. As required under the accounting standard relating to hedges, at *January 31, 2023,* $49,000 (*October 31, 2022 -* $nil) relating to this contract was included in other assets and the offsetting amount included in the carrying values of the asset to which they relate. Approved counterparties are limited to Canadian chartered banks.

***13.*** **Commitments and contingencies:**

The amount of credit-related commitments represents the maximum amount of additional credit that the Bank could be obligated to extend.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Loan commitments | $346747 | $382851 | $315764 |
| Letters of credit | 58136 | 60273 | 51131 |
|  | $404883 | $443124 | $366895 |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***14.*** **Related party transactions:**

The Bank's Board of Directors and Senior Executive Officers represent key management personnel and are related parties. At *January 31, 2023,* amounts due from these related parties totalled $1.3 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $1.3 million) and an amount due from a corporation controlled by key management personnel totalled $3.4 million (*October 31, 2022 -* $3.9 million). The interest rates charged on loans and advances to related parties are based on mutually agreed-upon terms. Interest income earned on the above loans for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2023,* was $24,000 (*January 31, 2022 -* $24,000). There were no specific provisions for credit losses associated with loans issued to key management personnel (*October 31, 2022 -* $nil), and all loans issued to key management personnel were current as at *January 31, 2023.* $500,000 of the Bank's $5.0 million subordinated notes payable, issued in *March 2019,* are held by a related party (note *7*).

***15.*** **Capital management:**

a) Overview:

The Bank's policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to retain investor, creditor and market confidence as well as to support the future growth and development of the business. The impact of the level of capital held on shareholders' return is an important consideration, and the Bank recognizes the need to maintain a balance between the higher returns that *may* be possible with greater leverage and the advantages and security that *may* be afforded by a more robust capital position.

OSFI sets and monitors capital requirements for the Bank. Capital is managed in accordance with policies and plans that are regularly reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors and that take into account, amongst other items, forecasted capital requirements and current and anticipated financial market conditions.

The goal is to maintain adequate regulatory capital for the Bank to be considered well capitalized, protect consumer deposits and provide capacity to support organic growth as well as to capitalize on strategic opportunities that do *not* otherwise require accessing the public capital markets, all the while providing a satisfactory return to shareholders. The Bank's regulatory capital is comprised of share capital, retained earnings and unrealized gains and losses on fair value through other comprehensive income securities (Common Equity Tier *1* capital), preferred shares (Additional Tier *1* capital) and subordinated notes (Tier *2* capital).

The Bank monitors its capital adequacy and related capital ratios on a daily basis and has policies setting internal targets and thresholds for its capital ratios. These capital ratios consist of the leverage ratio and the risk-based capital ratios.

The Bank makes use of the Standardized Approach for credit risk as prescribed by OSFI and, therefore, *may* include eligible ECL allowance amounts in its Tier *2* capital, up to a maximum of 1.25% of its credit risk-weighted assets calculated under the Standardized Approach.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *20*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

During the *three* month period ended *January 31, 2023,* there were *no* material changes in the Bank's management of capital.

b) Risk-based capital ratios:

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has published the Basel III rules on capital adequacy and liquidity ("Basel III"). OSFI requires that all Canadian banks must comply with the Basel III standards on an "all-in" basis for the purpose of determining their risk-based capital ratios. Required minimum regulatory capital ratios are a 7.0% Common Equity Tier *1* capital ratio (*"CET1"*), an 8.5% Tier *1* capital ratio and a 10.5% total capital ratio, all of which include a 2.50% capital conservation buffer.

OSFI also requires banks to measure capital adequacy in accordance with guidelines for determining risk- adjusted capital and risk-weighted assets including off-balance sheet credit instruments as specified in the Basel III regulations. Based on the deemed credit risk for each type of asset, both on and off-balance sheet assets of the Bank are assigned a weighting ranging between *0%* to *150%* to determine the Bank's risk- weighted equivalent assets and its risk-based capital ratios.

The Bank's risk-based capital ratios are calculated as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Directly issued qualifying common share capital | $218865 | $225982 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Contributed surplus | 1955 | 1612 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Retained earnings | 116638 | 109335 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Accumulated other comprehensive income | 72 | 99 |
| CET1 before regulatory adjustments | 337530 | 337028 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Regulatory adjustments applied to CET1 | (11119) | (11371) |
| Common Equity Tier 1 capital | $326411 | $325657 |
| Additional Tier 1 capital |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Directly issued qualifying Additional Tier 1 instruments | $13647 | $13647 |
| Total Tier 1 capital | $340058 | $339304 |
| Tier 2 capital |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Directly issued Tier 2 capital instruments | $105125 | $107367 |
| Tier 2 capital before regulatory adjustments | 105125 | 107367 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Eligible stage 1 and stage 2 allowance | 2289 | 1904 |
| Total Tier 2 capital | $107414 | $109271 |
| Total regulatory capital | $447472 | $448575 |
| Total risk-weighted assets | $2917048 | $2714902 |
| Capital ratios |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CET1 capital ratio | 11.19% | 12.00% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tier 1 capital ratio | 11.66% | 12.50% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total capital ratio | 15.34% | 16.52% |

---

As at *January 31, 2023* and *October 31, 2022,* the Bank exceeded all of the minimum Basel III regulatory capital requirements prescribed by OSFI.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *21*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

c) Leverage ratio:

The leverage ratio, which is prescribed under the Basel III Accord, is a supplementary measure to the risk-based capital requirements and is defined as the ratio of Tier *1* capital to the Bank's total exposures. The Basel III minimum leverage ratio is 3.0%. The Bank's leverage ratio is calculated as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 |
| On-balance sheet assets | $3531690 | $3265998 |
| Assets amounts adjusted in determining the Basel III |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tier 1 capital | (11119) | (11371) |
| Total on-balance sheet exposures | 3520571 | 3254627 |
| Total off-balance sheet exposure at gross notional amount | $404883 | $443124 |
| Adjustments for conversion to credit equivalent amount | (232402) | (251101) |
| Total off-balance sheet exposures | 172481 | 192023 |
| Tier 1 capital | 340058 | 339304 |
| Total exposures | 3693052 | 3446650 |
| Leverage ratio | 9.21% | 9.84% |

---

As at *January 31, 2023* and *October 31, 2022,* the Bank was in compliance with the leverage ratio prescribed by OSFI.

***16.*** **Interest rate risk position:**

The Bank is subject to interest rate risk, which is the risk that a movement in interest rates could negatively impact net interest margin, net interest income and the economic value of assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity. The following table provides the duration difference between the Bank's assets and liabilities and the potential after-tax impact of a *100* basis point shift in interest rates on the Bank's earnings during a *12* month period.

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 |
|  | Increase<br> 100 bps | Decrease<br> 100 bps | Increase<br> 100 bps | Decrease<br> 100 bps |
| Increase (decrease): |  |  |  |  |
| Impact on projected net interest income during a 12 month period | $4156 | $(4168) | $4304 | $(4261) |
| Duration difference between assets and liabilities (months) | 2.6 |  | 1.4 |  |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 22

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended January 31, 2023 and 2022

***17.*** **Fair value of financial instruments:**

Fair values are based on management's best estimates of market conditions and valuation policies at a certain point in time. The estimates are subjective and involve particular assumptions and judgement and, as such, *may not* be reflective of future fair values. The Bank's loans and deposits lack an available market as they are *not* typically exchanged and, therefore, the book value of these instruments is *not* necessarily representative of amounts realizable upon immediate settlement. See note *18* of the *October 31, 2022* audited Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on fair values.

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |
| As at | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 |
|  | Book | Fair | Book | Fair |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | Value | Value | Value | Value |
| Assets |  |  |  |  |
| Cash | $201372 | $201372 | $88581 | $88581 |
| Securities | 49847 | 49847 | 141564 | 141564 |
| Loans | 3235083 | 3208534 | 2992678 | 2963676 |
| Investment in Stablecorp | 953 | 953 | 953 | 953 |
| Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
| Deposits | $2925452 | $2866985 | $2657540 | $2561421 |
| Subordinated notes payable | 102765 | 105125 | 104951 | 107367 |
| Other financial liabilities | 149763 | 149763 | 146249 | 146249 |

---

***18.*** **Operating segmentation:** 

The Bank has established two reportable operating segments, those being Digital Banking and DRTC (cybersecurity services). The *two* operating segments are strategic business operations providing distinct products and services to different markets and are separately managed as a function of the distinction in the nature of each business. The following summarizes the operations of each of the reportable segments:

*Digital Banking* – The Bank employs a branchless business-to-business model using its proprietary financial technology to address underserved segments in the Canadian and US banking markets. VersaBank obtains its deposits and provides the majority of its loans and leases electronically via innovative deposit and lending solutions for financial intermediaries.

*DRTC (cybersecurity services and banking and financial technology development)* – Leveraging its internally developed IT security software and capabilities, VersaBank established a wholly owned subsidiary, DRT Cyber Inc., to pursue significant large-market opportunities in cybersecurity and develop innovative solutions to address the rapidly growing volume of cyber threats challenging financial institutions, multi-national corporations and government entities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *23*

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VERSABANK

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Unaudited)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Three month periods ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022*

The basis for the determination of the reportable segments is a function primarily of the systematic, consistent process employed by the Bank's chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, and the Chief Financial Officer in reviewing and interpreting the operations and performance of each segment. The accounting policies applied to these segments are consistent with those employed in the preparation of the Bank's Consolidated Financial Statements, as disclosed in note *3* of the Bank's *2022* audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Performance is measured based on segment net income, as included in the Bank's internal management reporting. Management has determined that this measure is the most relevant in evaluating segment results and in the allocation of resources.

The following table sets out the results of each reportable operating segment as at and for the *three* months ended *January 31, 2023* and *2022:*

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| for the three months ended | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 |
|  | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated |
|  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  |
| Net interest income | $24274 | $- | $- | $24274 | $16885 | $- | $- | $16885 |
| Non-interest income | 2 | 1833 | (191) | 1644 |  | 1422 | (41) | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 24276 | 1833 | (191) | 25918 | 16885 | 1422 | (41) | 18266 |
| Provision for credit losses | 385 |  |  | 385 | 2 |  |  | 2 |
|  | 23891 | 1833 | (191) | 25533 | 16883 | 1422 | (41) | 18264 |
| Non-interest expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Salaries and benefits | 6684 | 1573 |  | 8257 | 5440 | 643 |  | 6083 |
| General and administrative | 2862 | 455 | (191) | 3126 | 3482 | 183 | (41) | 3624 |
| Premises and equipment | 623 | 329 |  | 952 | 582 | 347 |  | 929 |
|  | 10169 | 2357 | (191) | 12335 | 9504 | 1173 | (41) | 10636 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 13722 | (524) |  | 13198 | 7379 | 249 |  | 7628 |
| Income tax provision | 3789 | (8) |  | 3781 | 1961 | 101 |  | 2062 |
| Net income (loss) | $9933 | $(516) | $- | $9417 | $5418 | $148 | $- | $5566 |
| Total assets | $3522279 | $23797 | $(14386) | $3531690 | $2412167 | $23767 | $(20588) | $2415346 |
| Total liabilities | $3174197 | $27751 | $(21435) | $3180513 | $2072691 | $25147 | $(19443) | $2078395 |

---

The Bank has operations in the US, through both its Digital Banking and DRTC businesses; however as at *January 31, 2023,* substantially all of the Bank's earnings and assets are based in Canada.

***19.*** **Comparative balances:** 

Certain comparative balances have been reclassified to conform with the financial statement presentation adopted in the current period.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 24

## Exhibit 99.2

**Exhibit 99.2**

![vb01.jpg](vb01.jpg)

## Management's Discussion and Analysis
This management's discussion and analysis ("MD&A") of operations and financial condition for the first quarter of fiscal 2023, dated March 6, 2023, should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for the period ended January 31, 2023, which have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). This MD&A should also be read in conjunction with VersaBank's MD&A and Audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended October 31, 2022, which are available on VersaBank's website at <u>www.versabank.com</u>, SEDAR at <u>www.sedar.com</u> and EDGAR at <u>www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml</u>. Except as discussed below, all other factors discussed and referred to in the MD&A for the year ended October 31, 2022, remain substantially unchanged. All currency amounts in this document are in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.

------

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements** | **2** |
| **About VersaBank** | **3** |
| **Overview of Performance** | **4** |
| **Selected Financial Highlights** | **6** |
| **Business Outlook** | **7** |
| **Financial Review – Earnings** | **11** |
| **Financial Review – Balance Sheet** | **15** |
| **Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements** | **26** |
| **Related Party Transactions** | **26** |
| **Capital Management and Capital Resources** | **27** |
| **Results of Operating Segments** | **29** |
| **Summary of Quarterly Results** | **31** |
| **Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures** | **31** |
| **Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates and Judgements** | **34** |
| **Controls and Procedures** | **35** |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 1

------

**Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements**

VersaBank's public communications often include written or oral forward-looking statements. Statements of this type are included in this document and may be included in other filings and with Canadian securities regulators or the US Securities and Exchange Commission, or in other communications. All such statements are made pursuant to the "safe harbor" provisions of, and are intended to be forward-looking statements under, the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and any applicable Canadian securities legislation. The statements in this management's discussion and analysis that relate to the future are forward-looking statements. By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, many of which are out of VersaBank's control. Risks exist that predictions, forecasts, projections, and other forward-looking statements will not be achieved. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the strength of the Canadian and US economy in general and the strength of the local economies within Canada and the US in which VersaBank conducts operations; the effects of changes in monetary and fiscal policy, including changes in interest rate policies of the Bank of Canada and the US Federal Reserve; global commodity prices; the effects of competition in the markets in which VersaBank operates; inflation; capital market fluctuations; the timely development and introduction of new products in receptive markets; the impact of changes in the laws and regulations pertaining to financial services; changes in tax laws; technological changes; unexpected judicial or regulatory proceedings; unexpected changes in consumer spending and savings habits; the impact of wars or conflicts including the crisis in Ukraine and the impact of the crisis on global supply chains; the impact of potential new variants of COVID-19; the possible effects on our business of terrorist activities; natural disasters and disruptions to public infrastructure, such as transportation, communications, power or water supply; and VersaBank's anticipation of and success in managing the risks implicated by the foregoing. For a detailed discussion of certain key factors that may affect VersaBank's future results, please see VersaBank's annual MD&A for the year ended October 31, 2022.

The foregoing list of important factors is not exhaustive. When relying on forward-looking statements to make decisions, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. The forward-looking information contained in the management's discussion and analysis is presented to assist VersaBank shareholders and others in understanding VersaBank's financial position and may not be appropriate for any other purposes. Except as required by securities law, VersaBank does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that is contained in this management's discussion and analysis or made from time to time by VersaBank or on its behalf.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 2

------

**About VersaBank**

VersaBank (the "Bank") adopted an electronic branchless model in 1993, becoming the world's first branchless financial institution and obtains its deposits and the majority of its loans and leases digitally. It holds a Canadian Schedule 1 chartered bank licence and is regulated by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions ("OSFI"). In addition to its core Digital Banking operations, VersaBank has established cybersecurity services and banking and financial technology development operations through its wholly owned subsidiary, DRT Cyber Inc. ("DRTC"). VersaBank's Common Shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange and Nasdaq under the symbol VBNK. Its Series 1 Preferred Shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol VBNK.PR.A.

VersaBank is focused on increasing earnings by concentrating on underserved markets that support more attractive pricing for its products, leveraging existing distribution channels to deliver its financial products to these chosen markets and expanding its diverse deposit gathering network that provides efficient access to a range of low-cost deposit sources in order to maintain a low cost of funds.

The underlying drivers of VersaBank's performance trends for the current and comparative periods are set out in the following sections of this MD&A.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 3

------

**Overview of Performance** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| ![ex_482037img002.jpg](ex_482037img002.jpg) | ![ex_482037img003.jpg](ex_482037img003.jpg) | ![ex_482037img004.jpg](ex_482037img004.jpg) |
| ![ex_482037img005.jpg](ex_482037img005.jpg) | ![ex_482037img006.jpg](ex_482037img006.jpg) | ![ex_482037img007.jpg](ex_482037img007.jpg) |

---

\* See definition in the "Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures" section below.

**Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Loans increased 8% to $3.24 billion, driven by continued strong growth in both the Bank's Point-of-Sale Loans and Leases ("POS Financing") portfolio and the Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") portfolios, which increased 9% and 6% respectively; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Total revenue increased 7% to $25.9 million and was composed of net interest income of $24.3 million and non-interest income of $1.6 million, the latter derived primarily from the revenue contribution of DRT Cyber Inc., ("DRTC"), which includes the gross margin generated by Digital Boundary Group's cybersecurity services business; |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 4

------

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Net interest margin (NIM) increased 2 basis points to 2.83% as a function primarily of higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets, offset partially by higher cost of funds. NIM on loans was unchanged at 3.03%; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Provision for credit losses was $385,000 compared to a provision for credit losses of $205,000, with the increase attributable primarily to changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models and higher lending asset balances; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Net income and earnings per share ("EPS") increased 46% and 48% to $9.4 million and $0.34 per share, respectively, as a function primarily of higher net interest income, which was driven substantially by strong loan growth, as well as modest NIM expansion, and lower non-interest expenses. The increase in EPS was also partially due a lower number of common shares outstanding due to the purchase and cancellation of common shares through the Bank's Normal Course Issuer Bid ("NCIB"); and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Efficiency ratio for the Digital Banking operations (excluding DRTC) improved 877 bps (or 18%) to 42% as a function of higher revenue and lower non-interest expenses. |

---

**Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022** 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Loans increased 46% to $3.24 billion, driven by strong growth in both the POS Financing portfolio and the CRE portfolios, which increased 68% and 5% respectively; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Total revenue increased 42%, driven primarily by higher net interest income resulting mainly from strong loan growth, as well as moderate NIM expansion; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | NIM increased 6 bps due primarily to higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets, offset partially by higher cost of funds while NIM on loans decreased 20 bps attributable primarily to changes in the Bank's funding mix; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Provision for credit losses was $385,000 compared to a provision for credit losses of $2,000, with the trend attributable primarily to changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models and lending asset growth offset partially by changes in VersaBank's lending asset portfolio mix; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Net income and EPS increased 69% and 79% as a function primarily of higher revenue offset partially by higher non-interest expenses including higher salary and benefits amounts attributable to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across the Bank as well as higher costs associated with employee retention. The EPS trend was also impacted by the common shares that were purchased and cancelled through the Bank's NCIB; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Efficiency ratio for Digital Banking operations (excluding DRTC) improved 1,406 bps (or 25%) as a function of revenue growth (42%) outpacing growth in non-interest expenses (16%) over the same period. |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 5

------

**Selected Financial Highlights** 

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (unaudited) | **For the three months ended** | **For the three months ended** | **For the three months ended** |
|  | **January 31** | **October 31** | **January 31** |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts) | **2023** | **2022** | **2022** |
| **Results of operations** |  |  |  |
| Interest income | $49561 | $42072 | $24720 |
| Net interest income | 24274 | 22477 | 16885 |
| Non-interest income | 1644 | 1775 | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 25918 | 24252 | 18266 |
| Provision (recovery) for credit losses | 385 | 205 | 2 |
| Non-interest expenses | 12335 | 13774 | 10636 |
| Digital Banking | 10169 | 11456 | 9504 |
| DRTC | 2357 | 2359 | 1173 |
| **Net income** | **9417** | **6429** | **5566** |
| Income per common share: |  |  |  |
| Basic | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.19 |
| Diluted | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.19 |
| Dividends paid on preferred shares | $247 | $247 | $247 |
| Dividends paid on common shares | $663 | $680 | $687 |
| Yield\* | 5.78% | 5.26% | 4.06% |
| Cost of funds\* | 2.95% | 2.45% | 1.29% |
| Net interest margin\* | 2.83% | 2.81% | 2.77% |
| Net interest margin on loans\* | 3.03% | 3.03% | 3.23% |
| Return on average common equity\* | 10.79% | 7.32% | 6.58% |
| Book value per common share\* | $12.77 | $12.37 | $11.78 |
| Efficiency ratio\* | 48% | 57% | 58% |
| Efficiency ratio - Digital banking\* | 42% | 51% | 56% |
| Return on average total assets\* | 1.07% | 0.77% | 0.87% |
| Gross impaired loans to total loans\* | 0.05% | 0.01% | 0.00% |
| Provision (recovery) for credit losses as a % of average loans\* | 0.05% | 0.03% | 0.00% |
|  | **As at** | **As at** | **As at** |
| **Balance Sheet Summary** |  |  |  |
| Cash | $201372 | $88581 | $155239 |
| Securities | 49847 | 141564 |  |
| Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | 3235083 | 2992678 | 2215638 |
| Average loans | 3113881 | 2903400 | 2159344 |
| Total assets | 3531690 | 3265998 | 2415346 |
| Deposits | 2925452 | 2657540 | 1847003 |
| Subordinated notes payable | 102765 | 104951 | 97726 |
| Shareholders' equity | 351177 | 350675 | 336951 |
| **Capital ratios\*\*** |  |  |  |
| Risk-weighted assets | $2917048 | $2714902 | $2095335 |
| Common Equity Tier 1 capital | 326411 | 325657 | 310825 |
| Total regulatory capital | 447472 | 448575 | 426237 |
| Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio | 11.19% | 12.00% | 14.83% |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 11.66% | 12.50% | 15.49% |
| Total capital ratio | 15.34% | 16.52% | 20.34% |
| Leverage ratio | 9.21% | 9.84% | 12.69% |

---

\* See definition in "Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures" section below.

\*\* Capital management and leverage measures are in accordance with OSFI's Capital Adequacy Requirements and Basel III Accord.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 6

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**Business Outlook** 

VersaBank is active in underserved banking markets in Canada and the US that support more attractive pricing for its lending products, and further, continues to develop and expand its diverse deposit gathering network that provides efficient access to a range of low-cost deposit sources. In addition, VersaBank remains highly committed to, and focused on further developing and enhancing its technology advantage, a key component of its value proposition that not only provides efficient access to VersaBank's chosen underserved lending and deposit markets, but also delivers superior financial products and better customer service to its clients.

Management continues to monitor the geo-political, economic and financial market risk precipitated by the conflict in Ukraine and its potential impact on VersaBank's business. At this time, management has not identified any material direct or indirect risk exposure to VersaBank resulting from the conflict and will continue to assess available information and evaluate the situation as it evolves.

While VersaBank does not provide guidance on specific performance metrics, the commentary provided below discusses aspects of VersaBank's business and certain anticipated trends related to same that, in management's view, could potentially impact future performance.

*Lending Assets*

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Canadian Point-of-Sale Financing: Consumer spending and business investment in Canada are expected to slow during the first half of 2023 due primarily to higher interest rates combined with higher inflation relative to recent historical levels. Notwithstanding these factors, given the continuing strength of the labour market, management anticipates that consumers will continue to spend in the various sectors to which the Bank provides POS financing, although at levels measurably lower than the outsized spending of 2022 as residual savings accumulated over the course of the pandemic are depleted. This consumer behaviour, combined with the anticipated addition of new origination partners in Canada, is expected to contribute to continued meaningful growth in the Bank's POS Financing portfolio throughout fiscal 2023 that is more consistent with pre-fiscal 2022 levels; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | US Receivable Purchase Program: Despite higher interest rates, elevated inflation, higher gas prices and supply chain disruptions in the US, continued momentum in the job market and higher wages are expected to mitigate material declines in consumer spending, which in turn will support stable demand for durable goods and agricultural products which is expected to continue to stimulate transportation and manufacturing equipment purchases. Additionally, despite a cooling of the residential home market in the US overall construction activity is expected to continue to expand modestly in 2023 which is anticipated to support demand for construction equipment in the near term. Management believes the anticipated US macroeconomic and industry trends described above will support growth in the Bank's RPP portfolio in the US throughout fiscal 2023, which will be focused on the provision of commercial equipment financing over the course of the same period. The Bank's RPP launched in a limited manner in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 with a large, North American, commercial transportation financing business focused on independent owner/operators and added a second commercial equipment financing partner over the course of the first fiscal quarter of 2023; and, |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 7

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---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Commercial Real Estate: Management anticipates modest growth in the commercial mortgage sector related to financing for residential housing properties, which is expected to result in healthy demand for the Bank's construction and term financing products for which the Bank is currently experiencing and expects to continue to experience high quality deal flow, throughout at least fiscal 2023. Notwithstanding the highly effective risk mitigation strategies that are employed in managing the Bank's CRE portfolios, including working with well-established, well-capitalized partners and maintaining modest loan-to-value ratios on individual transactions, management has taken a cautionary stance with respect to its broader CRE portfolios due to the anticipation of volatility in CRE asset valuations in a rising interest rate environment and the potential impact of same on borrowers' ability to service debt, as well as due to concerns related to inflation and higher input costs, which continue to have the potential to drive higher construction costs. Additionally, management anticipates more meaningful participation in the B-20 compliant conventional, uninsured mortgage financing space, however, does not expect this lending activity to significantly impact the Bank's balance sheet until mid-fiscal 2023. |

---

*Credit Quality* 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | VersaBank lends to underserved markets that support more attractive pricing for its lending products but typically exhibit a lower-than-average risk profile generally as a function of the lower inherent risk associated with the underlying collateral assets and/or the structure of VersaBank's offered financing arrangements; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | As at January 31, 2023, the Bank had $1.7 million in impaired loans on its balance sheet, representing 0.05% of total loans, which are well secured, and which management anticipates will be repaid prior to the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2023 at no loss to the bank; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Available forward-looking macroeconomic and industry data in aggregate remains biased to the downside. As a result, management anticipates that credit risk in its portfolio may increase modestly over the course of fiscal 2023 as a function of a prolonged, elevated interest rate environment in both Canada and the US and the resulting impact on the ability of consumers and businesses to service debt in such an environment, the impact of high inflation in both Canada and the US, the impact of the geo-political risk resulting from the continued crisis in Ukraine and the effect of the crisis on global supply chains. Notwithstanding the above, management anticipates that the strong labour market, higher wages and residual consumer savings will continue to mitigate the rate of deterioration of the Canadian and US economies and partially offset the broader impact of higher interest rates and inflation in the medium term. Further, management expects that the lower risk profile of VersaBank's lending portfolio, which is a function of VersaBank's prudent underwriting practices, structured lending products and focus on underserved financing markets within which it has a wealth of experience, will mitigate any escalation in forward credit risk in the Bank's lending portfolio; and, |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 8

------

VersaBank has sourced credit risk modeling systems and forecast macroeconomic scenario data from Moody's Analytics, a third-party service provider, for the purpose of computing forward-looking credit risk parameters under multiple macroeconomic scenarios that consider both market-wide and idiosyncratic factors and influences. These credit risk modeling systems are used in conjunction with VersaBank's internally developed expected credit loss ("ECL") models. Given that the Bank has experienced very limited historical losses and, therefore, does not have available statistically significant loss data inventory for use in developing internal, forward looking expected credit loss trends, the use of unbiased, third-party forward-looking credit risk parameter modeling systems is particularly important for the Bank in the context of the estimation of expected credit losses. As discussed, management notes deteriorating trends in the macroeconomic data currently being used as forward-looking information in the Bank's credit risk models and, depending on the growth trajectory and composition of its lending portfolio, these trends could result in higher ECL amounts and the Bank recognizing higher provisions for credit losses in the coming quarters.

*Funding and Liquidity*

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Management expects that commercial deposit volumes raised via VersaBank's Trustee Integrated Banking ("TIB") program will return to growth in the second half of fiscal 2023 as a function of an increase in the volume of consumer and commercial bankruptcy and proposal restructuring proceedings over the same timeframe, attributable primarily to a more challenging current and forecasted economic environment as evidenced by increasing Canadian consumer bankruptcy filing volumes. Further, VersaBank continues to pursue a number of initiatives to grow and expand its well-established, diverse deposit broker network through which it sources personal deposits, consisting primarily of guaranteed investment certificates; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Management anticipates that liquidity levels will remain reasonably consistent over the remainder of fiscal 2023 as VersaBank continues to fund anticipated balance sheet growth across each of its lines of business. Further, management will continue to deploy cash into low risk, government securities with the objective of earning a more favourable yield on its available liquidity. |

---

*Earnings and Capital*

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Earnings growth in fiscal 2023 is expected to be a function primarily of anticipated organic balance sheet growth from Digital Banking operations, specifically attributable to the Bank's POS Financing and RPP businesses in Canada and the US respectively as well as incremental earnings contributions from DRTC, offset partially by non-interest expenses over in the first half of fiscal 2023 attributable primarily to costs related to the acquisition of a US national bank. Additionally, management expects to incur higher costs associated with the recruitment and retention of staff in what remains a highly competitive labour market; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Net interest income growth for fiscal 2023 is expected to be a function primarily of growth in VersaBank's POS and RPP businesses in Canada and the US respectively, disciplined liquidity management and the expectation that growth in the TIB program later in the year and further expansion of its diverse deposit broker network will have a favourable impact on VersaBank's cost of funds; |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 9

------

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Non-interest income growth for fiscal 2023 is expected to be a function primarily of DRTC revenue growth derived from its suite of cybersecurity services; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | VersaBank's capital ratios remain comfortably in excess of regulatory minimums. Management is of the view that VersaBank's current capital levels are sufficient to accommodate balance sheet growth contemplated for fiscal 2023. Notwithstanding the above, management will continue to closely monitor the capital markets to identify opportunities for VersaBank to raise additional regulatory capital on attractive terms in order to position VersaBank to support a potentially more robust growth profile in the future; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Management does not anticipate increasing VersaBank's dividend rate during fiscal 2023 to ensure that it continues to have adequate regulatory capital available to support contemplated balance sheet growth as well as specific business development initiatives for earnings growth currently contemplated over the same timeframe and remain in compliance with its established regulatory capital ratio targets and thresholds; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, VersaBank received approval from the TSX and Nasdaq to proceed with a NCIB for its common shares through which the Bank may purchase for cancellation up to 1,700,000 of its common shares, representing approximately 9.54% of its public float. If fully executed, the impact of the NCIB will not have a material impact on the Bank's regulatory capital levels and ratios. The Bank has repurchased 1,017,596 shares under the NCIB as at January 31, 2023. |

---

There is potential that VersaBank may not realize or achieve the anticipated performance trends set out above as a function of a number of factors and variables including, but not limited to, the strength of the Canadian and US economies in general and the strength of the local economies in which VersaBank conducts operations; the effects of changes in monetary and fiscal policy, including changes in the interest rate policies of the Bank of Canada and the US Federal Reserve; global commodity prices; the effects of competition in the markets in which VersaBank operates; inflation; capital market fluctuations; the timely development and introduction of new products in receptive markets; the ability of VersaBank to grow its business and execute its strategy in the US market; the impact of changes in the laws and regulations regulating financial services; the impact of wars or conflicts including the crisis in Ukraine; and the impact of potential new variants of COVID-19 on the global economy. Please see "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" on page 2 of this MD&A.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 10

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**Financial Review** – **Earnings** 

**Total Revenue**

Total revenue, which consists of net interest income and non-interest income, increased 7% to $25.9 million compared to the last quarter and increased 42% compared to the same period a year ago.

*Net Interest Income* 

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
| For the three months ended: | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Point-of-sale loans and leases | $31960 | $26640 | 20% | $14455 | 121% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Commercial real estate mortgages | 14410 | 12981 | 11% | 9753 | 48% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Commercial real estate loans | 176 | 178 | (1%) | 192 | (8%) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Public sector and other financing | 309 | 240 | 29% | 114 | 171% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Other | 2706 | 2033 | 33% | 206 | 1214% |
| Interest income | $49561 | $42072 | 18% | $24720 | 100% |
| Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Deposit and other | $23841 | $18165 | 31% | $6469 | 269% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subordinated notes | 1446 | 1430 | 1% | 1366 | 6% |
| Interest expense | $25287 | $19595 | 29% | $7835 | 223% |
| Net interest income | $24274 | $22477 | 8% | $16885 | 44% |
| Non-interest income | $1644 | $1775 | (7%) | $1381 | 19% |
| Total revenue | $25918 | $24252 | 7% | $18266 | 42% |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Net interest income increased 8% to $24.3 million as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher interest income earned on higher lending asset balances; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Redeployment of available cash into higher yielding, low risk securities. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher interest expense attributable to higher deposit balances. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Net interest income increased 44% as a function primarily of the variables and trends set out above.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 11

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*Net Interest Margin*

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
| For the three months ended: | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Interest income | $49561 | $42072 | 18% | $24720 | 100% |
| Interest expense | 25287 | 19595 | 29% | 7835 | 223% |
| Net interest income | 24274 | 22477 | 8% | 16885 | 44% |
| Average assets | $3398844 | $3170671 | 7% | $2415216 | 41% |
| Yield\* | 5.78% | 5.26% | 10% | 4.06% | 42% |
| Cost of funds\* | 2.95% | 2.45% | 20% | 1.29% | 129% |
| Net interest margin\* | 2.83% | 2.81% | 1% | 2.77% | 2% |
| Average gross loans | $3100809 | $2891515 | 7% | $2152383 | 44% |
| Net interest margin on loans\* | 3.03% | 3.03% | 0% | 3.23% | (6%) |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Net interest margin increased 2 bps as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets attributable primarily to a higher interest rate environment resulting from the Bank of Canada tightening monetary policy over the course of the past year. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher cost of funds attributable primarily to a higher interest rate environment. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Net interest margin increased 6 bps as a function primarily of the variables and trends set out above.

*Non-Interest Income*

Non-interest income is comprised of revenue generated by DRTC which includes the gross profit of Digital Boundary Group, ("DBG") as well as income derived from miscellaneous transaction fees not directly attributable to lending assets.

Non-interest income for the quarter was $1.6 million compared to $1.8 million last quarter and $1.4 million for the same period a year ago. The quarter over quarter trend was a function primarily of lower client engagement while the year over year trend was a function primarily of improved operational efficiency achieved by DBG over the course of the year.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 12

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**Provision for Credit Losses** 

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
| For the three months ended: | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses by lending asset: |  |  |  |
| Point-of-sale loans and leases | $38 | $17 | $95 |
| Commercial real estate mortgages | 304 | 191 | (69) |
| Commercial real estate loans | 3 | 5 | (9) |
| Public sector and other financing | 40 | (8) | (15) |
| Total provision for (recovery of) credit losses | $385 | $205 | $2 |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022 vs Q1 2022***

VersaBank recorded a provision for credit losses in the amount of $385,000 in the current quarter compared to a provision for credit losses in the amount of $205,000 last quarter and $2,000 last year as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher lending asset balances. |

---

**Non-Interest Expenses** 

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
| For the three months ended: | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Salaries and benefits | $8257 | $7219 | 14% | $6083 | 36% |
| General and administrative | 3126 | 5570 | (44%) | 3624 | (14%) |
| Premises and equipment | 952 | 985 | (3%) | 929 | 2% |
| Total non-interest expenses | $12335 | $13774 | (10%) | $10636 | 16% |
| Efficiency Ratio | 47.59% | 56.80% | (16%) | 58.23% | (18%) |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Non-interest expenses decreased 10% to $12.3 million as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower costs attributable to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives including, but not limited to, the acquisition of a US national bank, the development of the US RPP and preparation for commercial launch of the Canadian-dollar version of VersaBank's Digital Deposit Receipts. Notwithstanding the above, investments associated with the acquisition of the US national bank are anticipated to continue over the first half of fiscal 2023 but will be substantially lower than the amounts invested over the course of fiscal 2022 and will be related primarily to the Bank ensuring that it is in compliance with all necessary US banking regulatory requirements; and, |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 13

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---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower capital tax expense attributable to a shift in the provincial allocation of the Bank's loan and deposit originations. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher salary and benefits expense attributable to general, annual compensation adjustments and higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across the Bank. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Non-interest expenses increased 16% as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher salary and benefits expense attributable to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across VersaBank as well as higher costs associated with employee retention; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher costs related to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives, noted above. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower insurance premiums attributable to VersaBank's listing on the Nasdaq in September 2021; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower capital tax expense attributable to a shift in the provincial allocation of the Bank's loan and deposit originations. |

---

**Income Tax Provision**

VersaBank's effective tax rate is approximately 29% compared with 30% for fiscal 2022. The tax rate is impacted by certain items not being taxable or deductible for income tax purposes. The lower tax rate in the current period reflects a decrease in non-deductible expenses realized over the current quarter. Provision for income taxes for the current quarter was $3.8 million compared to $3.8 million last quarter and $2.1 million for the same period a year ago.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 14

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**Financial Review** – **Balance Sheet** 

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Total assets | $3531690 | $3265998 | 8% | $2415346 | 46% |
| Cash and securities | 251219 | 230145 | 9% | 155239 | 62% |
| Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | 3235083 | 2992678 | 8% | 2215638 | 46% |
| Deposits | 2925452 | 2657540 | 10% | 1847003 | 58% |

---

**Total Assets**

![ex_482037img014.jpg](ex_482037img014.jpg)

Total assets as at January 31, 2023, were $3.53 billion compared to $3.27 billion last quarter and $2.42 billion a year ago. The quarter over quarter and year over year trends were a function primarily of growth in VersaBank's lending portfolios, in particular the POS Financing portfolio.

**Cash and securities**

Cash and securities, which are held primarily for liquidity purposes, were $251.2 million or 7% of total assets as at January 31, 2023, compared to $230.1 million or 7% of total assets last quarter and $155.2 million or 6% of total assets a year ago.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 15

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As at January 31, 2023, the Bank held securities totalling $49.8 million (October 31, 2022 - $141.6 million) which were comprised of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Government of Canada Treasury Bill purchased for $19.5 million with a face value totaling $20.0 million, yielding 2.81%, and maturing on May 25, 2023: and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | US Government Treasury Bill purchased for USD $22.4 million ($29.9 million) with a face value of USD $22.5 million ($30.0 million), yielding 4.18% and matured on February 7, 2023. |

---

**Loans** 

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Point-of-sale loans and leases | $2414266 | $2220894 | 9% | $1439781 | 68% |
| Commercial real estate mortgages | 752138 | 710369 | 6% | 722829 | 4% |
| Commercial real estate loans | 12811 | 13165 | (3%) | 14600 | (12%) |
| Public sector and other financing | 42523 | 35452 | 20% | 31247 | 36% |
|  | $3221738 | $2979880 | 8% | $2208457 | 46% |

---

VersaBank organizes its lending portfolio into the following four broad asset categories: Point-of-Sale Loans & Leases, Commercial Real Estate Mortgages, Commercial Real Estate Loans, and Public Sector and Other Financing. These categories have been established in VersaBank's proprietary, internally developed asset management system and have been designed to catalogue individual lending assets as a function primarily of their key risk drivers, the nature of the underlying collateral, and the applicable market segment.

The **Point-of-Sale Loans and Leases (**"**POS Financing**"**)** asset category is comprised of Point-of-Sale Loan and Lease Receivables acquired from VersaBank's broad network of origination and servicing partners as well as Warehouse Loans that provide bridge financing to VersaBank's origination and servicing partners for the purpose of accumulating and seasoning practical volumes of individual loans and leases prior to VersaBank purchasing the cashflow receivables derived from same.

The **Commercial Real Estate Mortgages (**"**CRE Mortgages**"**)** asset category is comprised of Commercial and Residential Construction Mortgages, Commercial Term Mortgages, Commercial Insured Mortgages and Land Mortgages. While all of these loans would be considered commercial loans or business-to-business loans, the underlying credit risk exposure is diversified across both the commercial and retail market segments, and further, the portfolio benefits from diversity in its underlying security in the form of a broad range of collateral properties.

The **Commercial Real Estate Loans (**"**CRE Loans**"**)** asset category is comprised primarily of Condominium Corporation Financing loans.

The **Public Sector and Other Financing (**"**PSOF**"**)** asset category is comprised primarily of Public Sector Loans and Leases, a small balance of Corporate Loans and Leases and Single Family Residential Conventional and Insured Mortgages. VersaBank has de-emphasized Corporate lending and continues to monitor the public sector space in anticipation of more robust demand for Federal, Provincial and Municipal infrastructure and other project financings.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 16

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***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Loans increased 8% to $3.24 billion as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Growth of 9% in POS Financing portfolio balances attributable primarily to continued strong demand for home finance, auto and home improvement/HVAC receivable financing in the current quarter; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Growth of 6% in CRE Mortgage balances attributable primarily to healthy demand for the Bank's construction and term financing products in the current quarter. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Loans increased 46% as a function primarily of growth of 68% in the POS Financing and growth of 4% in the CRE Mortgage portfolios, as well as 36% growth in the PSOF portfolio.

**Residential Mortgage Exposures**

In accordance with the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions ("OSFI") Guideline B-20 – Residential Mortgage Underwriting Practices and Procedures, additional information is provided regarding VersaBank's residential mortgage exposure. For the purposes of the Guideline, a residential mortgage is defined as a loan to an individual that is secured by residential property (one-to-four-unit dwellings) and includes home equity lines of credit (HELOCs).

The Bank's exposure to residential mortgages as at January 31, 2023, was $4.1 million compared to $4.0 million last quarter and $2.4 million a year ago. The Bank did not have any HELOCs outstanding as at January 31, 2023, last quarter or a year ago.

**Credit Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses**

As discussed previously, as at January 31, 2023, VersaBank had $1.7 million in impaired loans on its balance sheet, representing 0.05% of total loans which are well secured and anticipated to be repaid prior to the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2023. VersaBank closely monitors its lending portfolio, the portfolio's underlying borrowers as well as its origination partners in order to ensure that management has good visibility on credit trends that could provide an early warning indication of the emergence of any elevated risk in VersaBank's lending portfolio.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 17

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***Allowance for Credit Losses***

The Bank must maintain an allowance for expected credit losses or ECL allowance that is adequate, in management's opinion, to absorb all credit related losses in the Bank's lending and treasury portfolios. Under IFRS 9 the Bank's ECL allowance is estimated using the expected credit loss methodology and is comprised of expected credit losses recognized on both performing loans, and non-performing, or impaired loans even if no actual loss event has occurred.

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| **ECL allowance by lending asset:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Point-of-sale loans and leases | $583 | $545 | 7% | $370 | 58% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Commercial real estate mortgages | 1591 | 1287 | 24% | 1045 | 52% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Commercial real estate loans | 57 | 54 | 6% | 36 | 58% |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Public sector and other financing | 58 | 18 | 222% | 4 | 1350% |
| Total ECL allowance | $2289 | $1904 | 20% | $1455 | 57% |

---

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| **ECL allowance by stage:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ECL allowance stage 1 | $2212 | $1766 | 25% | $1359 | 63% |
| ECL allowance stage 2 | 77 | 138 | (44%) | 96 | (20%) |
| ECL allowance stage 3 |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total ECL allowance | $2289 | $1904 | 20% | $1455 | 57% |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

VersaBank's ECL allowance as at January 31, 2023, was $2.29 million compared to $1.90 million last quarter as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher lending asset balances. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

VersaBank's ECL allowance as at January 31, 2023, was $2.29 million compared to $1.46 million a year ago as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher lending asset balances. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Changes in VersaBank's lending asset portfolio mix. |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 18

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***Assessment of significant increase in credit risk (***"***SICR***"***)***

At each reporting date, the Bank assesses whether or not there has been a SICR for loans since initial recognition by comparing, at the reporting date, the risk of default occurring over the remaining expected life against the risk of default at initial recognition.

SICR is a function of the loan's internal risk rating assignment, internal watchlist status, loan review status and delinquency status which are updated as necessary in response to changes including, but not limited to, changes in macroeconomic and/or market conditions, changes in a borrower's credit risk profile, and changes in the strength of the underlying security, including guarantor status, if a guarantor exists.

Quantitative models may not always be able to capture all reasonable and supportable information that may indicate a SICR. As a result, qualitative factors may be considered to supplement such a gap.

Examples include changes in adjudication criteria for a particular group of borrowers or asset categories or changes in portfolio composition as well as changes in Canadian and US macroeconomic trends attributable to changes in monetary policy, inflation, employment rates, consumer behaviour and geo-political risks.

***Forward-Looking Information***

The Bank incorporates the impact of future economic conditions, or more specifically forward-looking information into the estimation of expected credit losses at the credit risk parameter level. This is accomplished via the credit risk parameter models and proxy datasets that the Bank utilizes to develop probability of default ("PD"), and loss given default ("LGD"), term structure forecasts for its loans. The Bank has sourced credit risk modeling systems and forecast macroeconomic scenario data from Moody's Analytics, a third-party service provider for the purpose of computing forward-looking credit risk parameters under multiple macroeconomic scenarios that consider both market-wide and idiosyncratic factors and influences. These systems are used in conjunction with the Bank's internally developed ECL models. Given that the Bank has experienced very limited historical losses and, therefore, does not have available statistically significant loss data inventory for use in developing internal, forward looking expected credit loss trends, the use of unbiased, third-party forward-looking credit risk parameter modeling systems is particularly important for the Bank in the context of the estimation of expected credit losses.

The Bank utilizes macroeconomic indicator data derived from multiple macroeconomic scenarios in order to mitigate volatility in the estimation of expected credit losses, as well as to satisfy the IFRS 9 requirement that future economic conditions are to be based on an unbiased, probability-weighted assessment of possible future outcomes. More specifically, the macroeconomic indicators set out in the macroeconomic scenarios are used as inputs for the credit risk parameter models utilized by the Bank to sensitize the individual PD and LGD term structure forecasts to the respective macroeconomic trajectory set out in each of the scenarios (see Expected Credit Loss Sensitivity below). Currently the Bank utilizes upside, downside and baseline forecast macroeconomic scenarios, and assigns discrete weights to each for use in the estimation of its reported ECL. The Bank has also applied expert credit judgement, where appropriate, to reflect, amongst other items, uncertainty in the Canadian and US macroeconomic environments.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 19

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The macroeconomic indicator data utilized by the Bank for the purpose of sensitizing PD and LGD term structure data to forward economic conditions include, but are not limited to: GDP, the national unemployment rate, long term interest rates, the consumer price index, the S&P/TSX Index and the price of oil. These specific macroeconomic indicators were selected in an attempt to ensure that the spectrum of fundamental macroeconomic influences on the key drivers of the credit risk profile of the Bank's balance sheet, including: corporate, consumer and real estate market dynamics; corporate, consumer and SME borrower performance; geography; as well as collateral value volatility, are appropriately captured and incorporated into the Bank's forward macroeconomic sensitivity analysis.

Key assumptions driving the base case macroeconomic forecast trends this quarter include: household finances come under pressure attributable to elevated inflation and higher interest rates as the Bank of Canada pushes the overnight rate to 4.75%; the housing sector continues to pull back as home sales reduce and prices compress over the course of 2023 precipitating a slow down in the construction, finance and manufacturing industries; unemployment starts to rise and a small, technical recession ensues in the first half of 2023 as consumer spending dampens and firms lower their growth plans; the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on global commodity prices and trade continues to diminish; public health restrictions do not return even as new COVID-19 case counts occasionally spike through the winter; and, supply-chain stress continues to ease as global vaccination rates improve and goods demand softens.

Management developed ECL estimates using credit risk parameter term structure forecasts sensitized to individual baseline, upside and downside forecast macroeconomic scenarios, each weighted at 100%, and subsequently computed the variance of each to the Bank's reported ECL as at January 31, 2023 in order to assess the alignment of the Bank's reported ECL with the Bank's credit risk profile, and further, to assess the scope, depth and ultimate effectiveness of the credit risk mitigation strategies that the Bank has applied to its lending portfolios (see Expected Credit Loss Sensitivity below).

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 20

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A summary of the key forecast macroeconomic indicator data trends utilized by VersaBank for the purpose of sensitizing lending asset credit risk parameter term structure forecasts to forward looking information, which in turn are used in the estimation of VersaBank's reported ECL, as well as in the assessment of same are presented in the charts below.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![ex_482037img018.jpg](ex_482037img018.jpg) | ![ex_482037img019.jpg](ex_482037img019.jpg) |
| ![ex_482037img020.jpg](ex_482037img020.jpg) | ![ex_482037img021.jpg](ex_482037img021.jpg) |

---

***Expected Credit Loss Sensitivity:***

The following table presents the sensitivity of the Bank's estimated ECL to a range of individual forecast macroeconomic scenarios, that in isolation may not reflect the Bank's actual expected ECL exposure, as well as the variance of each to the Bank's reported ECL as at January 31, 2023:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |
|  | Reported | 100% | 100% | 100% |
|  | ECL | Upside | Baseline | Downside |
| Allowance for expected credit losses | $2289 | $1857 | $2772 | $4025 |
| Variance from reported ECL |  | (432) | 483 | 1736 |
| Variance from reported ECL (%) |  | (19%) | 21% | 76% |

---

Management is of the view that forward industry and macroeconomic data will continue to trend toward the downside over the course of 2023 as a function of a prolonged, elevated interest rate environment in both Canada and the US and the ability of consumers and businesses to service debt in such an environment, the impact of high inflation in both Canada and the US, the impact of the geo-political risk resulting from the continued crisis in Ukraine and the effect of the crisis on global supply chains. As a result, management anticipates that VersaBank's estimated ECL amounts will exhibit some volatility which may result in the Bank recognizing higher provisions for credit losses in the coming quarters.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 21

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Considering the analysis set out above and based on management's review of the loan and credit data comprising VersaBank's lending portfolio, combined with management's interpretation of the available forecast macroeconomic and industry data, management is of the view that its reported ECL allowance represents a reasonable proxy for potential, future losses.

**Deposits** 

VersaBank has established three core funding channels, those being personal deposits, commercial deposits, and cash reserves retained from VersaBank's POS Financing origination partners that are classified as other liabilities, which are discussed in the *Other Assets and Liabilities* section below.

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Commercial deposits | $585579 | $598413 | (2%) | $596211 | (2%) |
| Personal deposits | 2339873 | 2059127 | 14% | 1250792 | 87% |
| Total deposits | $2925452 | $2657540 | 10% | $1847003 | 58% |

---

Personal deposits, consisting principally of guaranteed investment certificates are sourced primarily through a well-established and well-diversified deposit broker network that the Bank continues to grow and expand across Canada.

Commercial deposits are sourced primarily via specialized operating accounts made available to insolvency professionals ("Trustees") in the Canadian insolvency industry. The Bank developed customized banking software for use by Trustees that integrates banking services with the market-leading software platform used in the administration of consumer bankruptcy and proposal restructuring proceedings.

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Deposits increased 10% to $2.9 billion as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher personal deposits attributable to VersaBank increasing activity in its broker market network to fund balance sheet growth. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Modestly lower commercial deposits attributable to withdrawals made by Trustees to fund normal course disbursements associated with insolvency restructurings. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Deposits increased 58% as a function primarily of the variables and trends set out above.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 22

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**Subordinated Notes Payable**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
|  Issued March 2019, unsecured, non-viability contingent capital compliant, compliant, subordinated notes payable, principal amount of $5.0 million, $5.0 million, effective interest rate of 10.41%, maturing March 2029. | $4911 | $4908 | $4901 |
|  Issued April 2021, unsecured, non-viability contingent capital compliant, subordinated notes payable, principal amount of USD $75.0 million, effective interest rate of 5.38%, maturing May 2031. | 97854 | 100043 | 92825 |
|  | $102765 | $104951 | $97726 |

---

Subordinated notes payable, net of issue costs, were $102.8 million as at January 31, 2023, compared to $105.0 million last quarter and $97.7 million a year ago. The quarter over quarter and year over year trends were a function primarily of changes in the USD/CAD foreign exchange spot rate in the current quarter.

**Other Assets and Liabilities** 

***Other Assets***

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Accounts receivable | $3406 | $3774 | (10%) | $2938 | 16% |
| Prepaid expenses and other | 12950 | 10213 | 27% | 11474 | 13% |
| Property and equipment | 6698 | 6868 | (2%) | 6905 | (3%) |
| Right-of-use assets | 3948 | 4122 | (4%) | 4643 | (15%) |
| Deferred income tax asset | 2003 | 2128 | (6%) | 2868 | (30%) |
| Interest rate swap | 49 |  |  |  |  |
| Investment | 953 | 953 | 0% | 953 | 0% |
| Goodwill | 5754 | 5754 | 0% | 5754 | 0% |
| Intangible assets | 9627 | 9363 | 3% | 8934 | 8% |
| Total other assets | $45388 | $43175 | 5% | $44469 | 2% |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Other assets increased 5% to $45.4 million as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher prepaid expenses and other attributable primarily to normal course timing of general corporate prepaids expenses; and, |
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher intangible assets attributable primarily to the capitalization of compensation costs and various development costs directly related to the Bank's business development initiatives. |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 23

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Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower accounts receivable attributable primarily to the normal course timing of general corporate receivables; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower capitalized assets due to amortization; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Draw downs on the deferred income tax asset derived from taxable income generated by VersaBank. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Other assets increased 2% as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher prepaid expenses and other attributable primarily to primarily to normal course timing of general corporate prepaids expenses; |
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher accounts receivable attributable primarily to the normal course timing of general corporate receivables; and, |
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher intangible assets attributable primarily to the capitalization of compensation costs and various development costs directly related to the Bank's business development initiatives. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower capitalized assets due to amortization; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Draw downs on the deferred income tax asset derived from taxable income generated by VersaBank. |

---

***Other Liabilities***

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Accounts payable and other | $5482 | $7662 | (28%) | $6155 | (11%) |
| Current income tax liability | 1829 | 5797 | (68%) | 1975 | (7%) |
| Deferred income tax liability | 704 | 786 | (10%) | 855 | (18%) |
| Lease obligations | 4295 | 4471 | (4%) | 4944 | (13%) |
| Cash collateral and amounts held in escrow | 7210 | 8006 | (10%) | 5252 | 37% |
| Cash reserves on loan and lease receivables | 132776 | 126110 | 5% | 114485 | 16% |
| Total other liabilities | $152296 | $152832 | 0% | $133666 | 14% |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Other liabilities decreased marginally to $152.3 million as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower accounts payable attributable primarily to the normal course timing of general corporate payables; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower income tax payable attributable primarily to the normal course timing of payment of prior year's taxes payable; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower cash collateral and amounts held in escrow. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher cash reserve balances attributable to higher POS Financing portfolio balances; |

---

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 24

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***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Other liabilities increased 14% as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher cash reserve balances attributable to higher POS Financing portfolio balances; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher cash collateral and amounts held in escrow. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower accounts payable attributable primarily to the normal course timing of general corporate payables. |

---

**Shareholders**' **Equity**

Shareholders' equity was $351.2 million as at January 31, 2023, compared to $350.7 million last quarter and $337.0 million a year ago.

***Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022***

Shareholders' equity increased marginally as a function primarily of:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher retained earnings attributable to net income earned over the period. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Purchase and cancellation of common shares through the Bank's NCIB; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Payment of dividends. |

---

***Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022***

Shareholders' equity increased 4% attributable primarily to:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher retained earnings attributable to net income earned over the period. |

---

Offset partially by:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Purchase and cancellation of common shares through the Bank's NCIB; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Payment of dividends. |

---

VersaBank's book value per common share as at January 31, 2023 was $12.77 compared to $12.37 last quarter and $11.78 a year ago. The quarter over quarter and year over year trends were a function primarily of higher retained earnings attributable to net income earned in the current quarter and the purchase and cancellation of common shares below book value per share through the Bank's NCIB, offset partially by the payment of dividends over the same period.

See note 9 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to share capital.

**Stock-Based Compensation**

Stock options are accounted for using the fair value method which recognizes the fair value of the stock option over the applicable vesting period as an increase in salaries and benefits expense with the same amount being recorded in contributed surplus. VersaBank recognized compensation expense for the current quarter totaling $343,000 compared to $423,000 last quarter and $196,000 for the same period a year ago, relating to the estimated fair value of stock options granted.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 25

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As at January 31, 2023, 40,000 common share stock options were fully vested and exercisable at $7.00 per share and expire in October 2023. See note 9 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to stock options.

***Updated Share Information***

Subsequent to January 31, 2023, the Bank purchased and cancelled 320,000 common shares and as at March 6, 2023, the number of common shares outstanding totalled 26,103,486. There were no changes in the number of Series 1 preferred shares and common share options outstanding compared to January 31, 2023.

**Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements**

As at January 31, 2023, VersaBank had an outstanding derivative contract established for asset liability management purposes to swap between floating and fixed interest rates with a notional amount totalling $7.9 million that qualified for hedge accounting. The Bank enters into interest rate swap contracts for its own account exclusively and does not act as an intermediary in this market.

As at January 31, 2023, VersaBank did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements other than loan commitments and letters of credit attributable to normal course business activities. See notes 12 and 13 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for more information.

**Related Party Transactions** 

VersaBank's Board of Directors and senior executive officers represent key management personnel. See note 14 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for additional information on related party transactions and balances.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 26

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**Capital Management and Capital Resources**

The table below presents VersaBank's regulatory capital position, risk-weighted assets and regulatory capital and leverage ratios for the current and comparative periods.

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31 | October 31 |  | January 31 |  |
|  | 2023 | 2022 | Change | 2022 | Change |
| Common Equity Tier 1 capital | $326411 | $325657 | 0% | $310825 | 5% |
| Total Tier 1 capital | $340058 | $339304 | 0% | $324472 | 5% |
| Total Tier 2 capital | $107414 | $109271 | (2%) | $101765 | 6% |
| Total regulatory capital | $447472 | $448575 | 0% | $426237 | 5% |
| Total risk-weighted assets | $2917048 | $2714902 | 7% | $2095335 | 39% |
| Capital ratios |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CET1 capital ratio | 11.19% | 12.00% | (7%) | 14.83% | (25%) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tier 1 capital ratio | 11.66% | 12.50% | (7%) | 15.49% | (25%) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total capital ratio | 15.34% | 16.52% | (7%) | 20.34% | (25%) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Leverage ratio | 9.21% | 9.84% | (6%) | 12.69% | (27%) |

---

VersaBank reports its regulatory capital ratios using the Standardized approach for calculating risk-weighted assets, as defined under Basel III, which may require VersaBank to carry more capital for certain credit exposures compared to requirements under the Advanced Internal Ratings Based ("AIRB") methodology. As a result, regulatory capital ratios of banks that utilize the Standardized approach are not directly comparable with the large Canadian banks that employ the AIRB methodology.

OSFI requires that all Canadian banks must comply with the Basel III standards on an "all-in" basis for purposes of determining their risk-based capital ratios. Required minimum regulatory capital ratios are a 7.0% Common Equity Tier 1 ("CET1") capital ratio, an 8.5% Tier 1 capital ratio and a 10.5% total capital ratio, all of which include a 2.5% capital conservation buffer.

The quarter over quarter and year over year trends exhibited by VersaBank's reported regulatory capital levels, regulatory capital ratios and leverage ratios were a function primarily of retained earnings growth, the purchase and cancellation of common shares through the Bank's NCIB, and changes to VersaBank's risk-weighted asset balances and composition.

For more information regarding capital management, please see note 15 to VersaBank's January 31, 2023, unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements as well as the Capital Management and Capital Resources section of VersaBank's MD&A for the year ended October 31, 2022.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 27

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***Liquidity***

The unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended January 31, 2023, shows cash provided by operations in the amount of $126.2 million compared to cash used by operations in the amount of $112.9 million for the same period last year. The trend in the current quarter was a function primarily of inflows from deposits raised and timing of maturing of securities exceeding cash outflows to fund loans. The comparative period trend was a function primarily of the Bank using existing liquidity to fund loans. Based on factors such as liquidity requirements and opportunities for investment in loans and securities, VersaBank may manage the amount of deposits it raises and loans it funds in ways that result in the balances of these items giving rise to either negative or positive cash flow from operations. VersaBank will continue to fund its operations and meet contractual obligations as they become due using cash on hand and by closely managing its flow of deposits.

***Interest Rate Sensitivity***

The table below presents the duration difference between VersaBank's assets and liabilities and the potential after-tax impact of a 100-basis point shift in interest rates on VersaBank's earnings during a 12-month period if no remedial actions are taken. As at January 31, 2023, the duration difference between assets and liabilities was 2.6 months compared to 1.4 months as at October 31, 2022. As at January 31, 2023, VersaBank's assets would reprice faster than liabilities in the event of a future change in interest rates.

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 |
|  | Increase<br> 100 bps | Decrease<br> 100 bps | Increase<br> 100 bps | Decrease<br> 100 bps |
| Increase (decrease): |  |  |  |  |
| Impact on projected net interest income during a 12 month period | $4156 | $(4168) | $4304 | $(4261) |
| Duration difference between assets and liabilities (months) | 2.6 |  | 1.4 |  |

---

***Contractual Obligations***

As at January 31, 2023, VersaBank had an outstanding contract established for asset liability management purposes to swap between floating and fixed interest rates with a notional amount totalling $7.9 million which qualified for hedge accounting. There have been no other significant changes in contractual obligations as disclosed in VersaBank's MD&A and Audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended October 31, 2022.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 28

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**Results of Operating Segments** 

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| for the three months ended | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 |
|  | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated |
|  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  |
| Net interest income | $24274 | $- | $- | $24274 | $22477 | $- | $- | $22477 | $16885 | $- | $- | $16885 |
| Non-interest income | 2 | 1833 | (191) | 1644 | 38 | 1778 | (41) | 1775 |  | 1422 | (41) | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 24276 | 1833 | (191) | 25918 | 22515 | 1778 | (41) | 24252 | 16885 | 1422 | (41) | 18266 |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 385 |  |  | 385 | 205 |  |  | 205 | 2 |  |  | 2 |
|  | 23891 | 1833 | (191) | 25533 | 22310 | 1778 | (41) | 24047 | 16883 | 1422 | (41) | 18264 |
| Non-interest expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Salaries and benefits | 6684 | 1573 |  | 8257 | 5678 | 1541 |  | 7219 | 5440 | 643 |  | 6083 |
| General and administrative | 2862 | 455 | (191) | 3126 | 5154 | 457 | (41) | 5570 | 3482 | 183 | (41) | 3624 |
| Premises and equipment | 623 | 329 |  | 952 | 624 | 361 |  | 985 | 582 | 347 |  | 929 |
|  | 10169 | 2357 | (191) | 12335 | 11456 | 2359 | (41) | 13774 | 9504 | 1173 | (41) | 10636 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 13722 | (524) |  | 13198 | 10854 | (581) |  | 10273 | 7379 | 249 |  | 7628 |
| Income tax provision | 3789 | (8) |  | 3781 | 3939 | (95) |  | 3844 | 1961 | 101 |  | 2062 |
| Net income (loss) | $9933 | $(516) | $- | $9417 | $6915 | $(486) | $- | $6429 | $5418 | $148 | $- | $5566 |
| Total assets | $3522279 | $23797 | $(14386) | $3531690 | $3267479 | $22345 | $(23826) | $3265998 | $2412167 | $23767 | $(20588) | $2415346 |
| Total liabilities | $3174197 | $27751 | $(21435) | $3180513 | $2912249 | $25755 | $(22681) | $2915323 | $2072691 | $25147 | $(19443) | $2078395 |

---

***Digital Banking Operations***

**Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022**

Net income increased 44% to $9.9 million as a function of higher revenue attributable primarily to strong loan growth and lower non-interest expenses, offset partially by higher provision for credit losses. Lower non-interest expenses were attributable primarily to lower costs related to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives and lower capital tax expense, offset partially by higher salary and benefits expense attributable to general, annual compensation adjustments and increased staffing levels to support expanded business activity across the Bank. Investments associated with the acquisition and integration of the US national bank are anticipated to continue over the first half of fiscal 2023 but will be substantially lower than the amounts committed over the course of fiscal 2022 and will be related primarily to the Bank ensuring that it is in compliance with all necessary US banking regulatory requirements.

**Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022**

Net income increased 83% as a function of higher revenue attributable primarily to strong loan growth offset partially by higher non-interest expenses. The non-interest expenses trend was a function primarily of higher salary and benefits expense attributable to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across VersaBank and higher costs associated with employee retention as well as investments in the Bank's business development initiatives offset partially by lower insurance premiums and lower capital taxes.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 29

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***DRTC (Cybersecurity Services and Banking and Financial Technology Development)***

**Q1 2023 vs Q4 2022**

DRTC revenue increased 3% to $1.8 million, while non-interest expenses were flat at $2.4 million resulting in pre-tax losses reducing 10% to $524,000. Notwithstanding this positive trend DRTC recorded a net loss of $516,000 compared to a net loss of $486,000 in the comparative period as a function primarily of DRTC recognizing an income tax recovery in the comparative period related to tax adjustments in fiscal 2022.

DRTC's DBG services revenue and gross profit decreased 19% and 6% to $2.3 million and $1.6 million respectively as a function of lower engagements in the current quarter. DBG's gross profit amounts are included in DRTC's consolidated revenue which is reflected in non-interest income in VersaBank's consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

**Q1 2023 vs Q1 2022**

DRTC's revenue increased 29% as a function primarily of higher gross profit from DBG but was offset by higher non-interest expenses attributable to higher salary and benefits expense due to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity and higher costs associated with employee retention amidst the current challenging labour market, resulting in a net loss of $516,000 compared to net income of $148,000 in the comparative period.

DBG revenue decreased 3% as a function of lower service work volume in the current quarter while gross profit increased 17% as a function primarily of improved operational efficiency achieved by DBG over the course of the year.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 30

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**Summary of Quarterly Results**

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| except per share amounts) | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 | 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | 2021 | 2021 |
|  | Q1 | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 |
| **Results of operations:** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest income | $49561 | $42072 | $34177 | $25848 | $24720 | $23924 | $22400 | $21649 |
| Yield on assets (%) | 5.78% | 5.26% | 4.70% | 4.15% | 4.06% | 4.04% | 4.02% | 4.24% |
| Interest expense | 25287 | 19595 | 14115 | 8606 | 7835 | 7778 | 7858 | 6554 |
| Cost of funds (%) | 2.95% | 2.45% | 1.94% | 1.38% | 1.29% | 1.31% | 1.41% | 1.28% |
| Net interest income | 24274 | 22477 | 20062 | 17242 | 16885 | 16146 | 14542 | 15095 |
| Net interest margin (%) | 2.83% | 2.81% | 2.76% | 2.77% | 2.77% | 2.73% | 2.61% | 2.96% |
| Net interest margin on loans (%) | 3.03% | 3.03% | 3.07% | 3.11% | 3.23% | 3.31% | 3.23% | 3.55% |
| Non-interest income | 1644 | 1775 | 1177 | 1393 | 1381 | 2090 | 1187 | 875 |
| Total revenue | 25918 | 24252 | 21239 | 18635 | 18266 | 18236 | 15729 | 15970 |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 385 | 205 | 166 | 78 | 2 | (279) | 96 | (312) |
| Non-interest expenses | 12335 | 13774 | 13216 | 11767 | 10636 | 10377 | 8200 | 8342 |
| Efficiency ratio | 48% | 57% | 62% | 63% | 58% | 57% | 52% | 52% |
| Efficiency ratio - Digital Banking | 42% | 51% | 57% | 58% | 56% | 56% | 50% | 49% |
| Tax provision | 3781 | 3844 | 2137 | 1847 | 2062 | 2228 | 1997 | 2196 |
| Net income | $9417 | $6429 | $5720 | $4943 | $5566 | $5910 | $5436 | $5744 |
| Income per share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Basic | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.20 | $0.17 | $0.19 | $0.24 | $0.25 | $0.25 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Diluted | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.20 | $0.17 | $0.19 | $0.24 | $0.25 | $0.25 |
| Return on average common equity | 10.79% | 7.32% | 6.57% | 5.92% | 6.58% | 8.07% | 8.72% | 9.20% |
| Return on average total assets | 1.07% | 0.77% | 0.75% | 0.75% | 0.87% | 0.96% | 0.93% | 1.02% |
| Gross impaired loans to total loans | 0.05% | 0.01% | 0.05% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |

---

The financial results for each of the last eight quarters are summarized above. Key drivers of VersaBank's quarter over quarter performance trends for the current reporting period were:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lending asset growth attributable to growth in the POS Financing and CRE Mortgage portfolios; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher NIM as a function of higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets attributable primarily to a higher interest rate environment offset partially by higher cost of funds; |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Higher provision for credit losses attributable primarily to changes in the forward-looking information used by VersaBank in its credit risk models in the current quarter and higher lending asset balances; and, |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![arrow01.jpg](arrow01.jpg) | Lower non-interest expenses attributable primarily to lower investments in the Bank's business development initiatives and lower capital tax expense, offset partially by higher salary and benefits expense. |

---

**Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures**

Non-GAAP and other financial measures are not standardized financial measures under financial reporting framework used to prepare the financial statements of the Bank's to which these measures relate. These measures may not be comparable to similar financial measures disclosed by other issuers. The Bank uses these financial measures to assess its performance and as such believes these financial measures are useful in providing readers with a better understanding of how management assesses the Bank's performance.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 31

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**Non-GAAP Measures**

***Return on Average Common Equity*** is defined as annualized net income less amounts relating to preferred share dividends, divided by average common shareholders' equity which is average shareholders' equity less amounts relating to preferred shares recorded in equity.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| **Return on average common equity** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net income | $9417 | $6429 | $5566 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Preferred share dividends | (247) | (247) | (247) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Adjusted net income | 9170 | 6182 | 5319 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Annualized adjusted net income | 36381 | 24525 | 21103 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Average common equity | $337280 | $335015 | $320882 |
| Return on average common equity | 10.79% | 7.32% | 6.58% |

---

***Book Value per Common Share*** is defined as Shareholders' Equity less amounts relating to preferred shares recorded in equity, divided by the number of common shares outstanding.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| **Book value per common share** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Common equity | $337531 | $337029 | $323304 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Shares outstanding | 26423486 | 27245782 | 27441082 |
| Book value per common share | $12.77 | $12.37 | $11.78 |

---

***Return on Average Total Assets*** is defined as annualized net income less amounts relating to preferred share dividends, divided by average total assets.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | January 31 | October 31 | January 31 |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) | 2023 | 2022 | 2022 |
| **Return on average total assets** |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net income | $9417 | $6429 | $5566 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Preferred share dividends | (247) | (247) | (247) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Adjusted net income | 9170 | 6182 | 5319 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Annualized adjusted net income | 36381 | 24525 | 21103 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Average Assets | $3398844 | $3170671 | $2415216 |
| Return on average total assets | 1.07% | 0.77% | 0.87% |

---

**Other Financial Measures**

***Yield*** is calculated as interest income (as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income) divided by average total assets. Yield does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Cost of Funds*** is calculated as interest expense (as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income) divided by average total assets. Cost of funds does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 32

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***Net Interest Margin or Spread*** are calculated as net interest income divided by average total assets. Net interest margin or spread does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Net Interest Margin on Loans*** is calculated as net interest income adjusted for the impact of cash. securities and other assets, divided by average gross loans. This metric does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Efficiency Ratio*** is calculated as non-interest expenses from consolidated operations as a percentage of total revenue (as presented in the interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income). This ratio does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Efficiency Ratio Digital Banking*** is calculated as non-interest expenses from the Digital Banking operations as a percentage of total revenue from the Digital Banking operations. This ratio does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Gross Impaired Loans to Total Loans*** captures gross impaired loan balances as a percentage of VersaBank's loans, net of allowance for credit losses. This percentage does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses as a Percentage of Average Total Loans*** captures the provision for (recovery of) credit losses (as presented in the interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income) as a percentage of VersaBank's average loans, net of allowance for credit losses. This percentage does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and, therefore, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other financial institutions.

***Basel III Common Equity Tier 1, Tier 1, Total Capital Adequacy and Leverage Ratios*** are determined in accordance with guidelines issued by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (*Canada*) (OSFI).

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 33

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**Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates and Judgements**

Significant accounting policies and use of estimates and judgements are detailed in note 2 and note 3 of VersaBank's 2022 Audited Consolidated Financial Statements. There have been no material changes in accounting policies since October 31, 2022, except as noted below.

During the current quarter VersaBank updated or incorporated the following significant accounting policies:

*Derivative instruments:*

Derivatives are reported as other assets when they have a positive fair value and as other liabilities when they have a negative fair value. Derivatives may be embedded in other financial instruments. Derivatives embedded in other financial instruments are valued as separate derivatives when: the economic characteristics and risks associated are not clearly and closely related to those of the host contract; the terms of the embedded derivative would meet the definition of a derivative if it was a stand-alone, independent instrument; and the combined contract is not held for trading or designated at fair value through profit or loss. For financial statement disclosure purposes, embedded derivatives are combined with the host contract.

*Hedge accounting:*

The Bank has elected, as permitted, to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39. Interest rate swap agreements are entered into for asset liability management ("ALM") purposes. When hedge accounting criteria are met, derivative contracts are accounted for as described below.

To meet the criteria for hedge accounting, the Bank documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, how hedge effectiveness is assessed, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives to specific assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The Bank also formally assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items.

There are three main types of hedges: (i) fair value hedges, (ii) cash flow hedges and (iii) net investment hedges.

The Bank has only fair value hedges outstanding. In a fair value hedge, the change in the fair value of the hedging derivative is recognized in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk hedged is recorded as part of the carrying value of the hedged item (basis adjustment) and is also recognized in non-interest income in the in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The Bank utilizes fair value hedges primarily to convert fixed rate financial assets to floating rate financial assets. The primary financial instruments designated in fair value hedging relationships are loans. If the derivative expires or is sold, terminated, no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, or the designation is revoked, hedge accounting is discontinued. Any basis adjustment up to that point made to a hedged item for which the effective interest method is used is amortized to the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income as part of the recalculated effective interest rate of the item over its remaining term. If the hedged item is derecognized, the unamortized fair value is recognized immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 34

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In fair value hedges, ineffectiveness arises to the extent that change in fair value of the hedging items differs from the change in fair value of the hedge risk in the hedged item. Any hedge ineffectiveness is measured and recorded in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Derivative contracts which do not qualify for hedge accounting are marked-to-market and the resulting net gains or losses are recognized in non-interest income in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

**Controls and Procedures** 

During the quarter ended January 31, 2023, there were no changes in VersaBank's internal controls over financial reporting, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect VersaBank's internal controls over financial reporting.

VersaBank – Q1 2023 MD&A 35

## Exhibit 99.3

**Exhibit 99.3**

![vb993-01.jpg](vb993-01.jpg)

**For Immediate Release: March 8, 2023**

**Attention: Business Editors**

**VERSABANK REPORTS CONTINUED STRONG RESULTS FOR FIRST QUARTER 2023 HIGHLIGHTED BY 69% YEAR-OVER-YEAR GROWTH IN NET INCOME TO RECORD $9.4 MILLION**

***– Digital Banking Operations Realizing Significant Operating Leverage from Strong Loan Portfolio Growth as Transitory Costs for Growth Initiatives Substantially Dissipate*** –

*All amounts are unaudited and in Canadian dollars and are based on financial statements prepared in compliance with International Accounting Standard 34 Interim Financial Reporting, unless otherwise noted. Our first quarter 2023 (*"*Q1 2023*"*) unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the period ended January 31, 2023 and Management*'*s Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A"), are available online at <u>www.versabank.com/investor-relations</u>, SEDAR at <u>www.sedar.com</u> and EDGAR at <u>www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml</u>. Supplementary Financial Information will also be available on our website at <u>www.versabank.com/investor-relations</u><u>.</u>*

**LONDON, ON/CNW** – VersaBank ("VersaBank" or the "Bank") (TSX: VBNK; NASDAQ: VBNK), a North American leader in business-to-business digital banking, as well as technology solutions for cybersecurity, today reported its results for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 ended January 31, 2023. All figures are in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated.

**CONSOLIDATED AND SEGMENTED FINANCIAL SUMMARY**

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (unaudited) | **As at or for the three months ended** | **As at or for the three months ended** | **As at or for the three months ended** | **As at or for the three months ended** | **As at or for the three months ended** |
|  | **January 31** | **October 31** |  | **January 31** |  |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts) | **2023** | **2022** | **Change** | **2022** | **Change** |
| **Financial results** |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total revenue | $25918 | $24252 | 7% | $18266 | 42% |
| Cost of funds<sup>(1)</sup> | 2.95% | 2.45% | 20% | 1.29% | 129% |
| Net interest margin<sup>(1)</sup> | 2.83% | 2.81% | 1% | 2.77% | 2% |
| Net interest margin on loans<sup>(1)</sup> | 3.03% | 3.03% | (0%) | 3.23% | (6%) |
| **Net income** | **9417** | **6429** | **46%** | **5566** | **69%** |
| Net income per common share basic and diluted | 0.34 | 0.23 | 48% | 0.19 | 79% |
| **Balance sheet and capital ratios** |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $3531690 | $3265998 | 8% | $2415346 | 46% |
| Book value per common share<sup>(1)</sup> | 12.77 | 12.37 | 3% | 11.78 | 8% |
| Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio | 11.19% | 12.00% | (7%) | 14.83% | (25%) |
| Total capital ratio | 15.34% | 16.52% | (7%) | 20.34% | (25%) |
| Leverage ratio | 9.21% | 9.84% | (6%) | 12.69% | (27%) |

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(1) See definitions under 'Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures' in the Q1 2023 Management's Discussion and Analysis.<br>

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (thousands of Canadian dollars) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| for the three months ended | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | January 31, 2023 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | October 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 | January 31, 2022 |
|  | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated | Digital | DRTC | Eliminations/ | Consolidated |
|  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  | Banking |  | Adjustments |  |
| Net interest income | $24274 | $- | $- | $24274 | $22477 | $- | $- | $22477 | $16885 | $- | $- | $16885 |
| Non-interest income | 2 | 1833 | (191) | 1644 | 38 | 1778 | (41) | 1775 |  | 1422 | (41) | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 24276 | 1833 | (191) | 25918 | 22515 | 1778 | (41) | 24252 | 16885 | 1422 | (41) | 18266 |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | 385 |  |  | 385 | 205 |  |  | 205 | 2 |  |  | 2 |
|  | 23891 | 1833 | (191) | 25533 | 22310 | 1778 | (41) | 24047 | 16883 | 1422 | (41) | 18264 |
| Non-interest expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Salaries and benefits | 6684 | 1573 |  | 8257 | 5678 | 1541 |  | 7219 | 5440 | 643 |  | 6083 |
| General and administrative | 2862 | 455 | (191) | 3126 | 5154 | 457 | (41) | 5570 | 3482 | 183 | (41) | 3624 |
| Premises and equipment | 623 | 329 |  | 952 | 624 | 361 |  | 985 | 582 | 347 |  | 929 |
|  | 10169 | 2357 | (191) | 12335 | 11456 | 2359 | (41) | 13774 | 9504 | 1173 | (41) | 10636 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 13722 | (524) |  | 13198 | 10854 | (581) |  | 10273 | 7379 | 249 |  | 7628 |
| Income tax provision | 3789 | (8) |  | 3781 | 3939 | (95) |  | 3844 | 1961 | 101 |  | 2062 |
| Net income (loss) | $9933 | $(516) | $- | $9417 | $6915 | $(486) | $- | $6429 | $5418 | $148 | $- | $5566 |
| Total assets | $3522279 | $23797 | $(14386) | $3531690 | $3267479 | $22345 | $(23826) | $3265998 | $2412167 | $23767 | $(20588) | $2415346 |
| Total liabilities | $3174197 | $27751 | $(21435) | $3180513 | $2912249 | $25755 | $(22681) | $2915323 | $2072691 | $25147 | $(19443) | $2078395 |

---

**HIGHLIGHTS FOR THE FIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 2023**

***Consolidated***

● Consolidated revenue increased 42% year-over-year and 7% sequentially to a record $25.9 million, driven by higher interest income resulting substantially from strong loan growth;

● Consolidated net income increased 69% year-over-year and 46% sequentially to a record<sup>1</sup> $9.4 million as a function of higher net interest income attributable substantially to strong loan growth and modest NIM expansion. The sequential trend also reflected lower non-interest expenses;

● Consolidated earnings per share increased 79% year-over-year and 48% sequentially to $0.34 as a function of higher net income and the purchase and cancellation of VersaBank's common shares through its Normal Course Issuer Bid ("NCIB") for its common shares;

● Purchased and cancelled 822,296 common shares under its NCIB, bringing the total number purchased through the NCIB as at January 31, 2023 to 1,017,596; and,

● Completed submission of the requisite US regulatory filings to the OCC and Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis seeking approval of VersaBank's proposed acquisition of OCC-chartered US bank, Stearns Bank Holdingford. VersaBank anticipates receiving a decision with respect to approval of the proposed application from US regulators during the second calendar quarter of 2023 and, if favourable, will proceed to complete the acquisition as soon as possible, subject to Canadian regulatory (OSFI) approval.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Record net income excludes the first quarter 2017 which benefitted from the recognition of $8.8 million in deferred income tax assets derived from the tax loss carry-forwards assumed pursuant to the amalgamation of VersaBank with PWC Capital Inc. on January 31, 2017.

***Digital Banking Operations***

● Loans increased 46% year-over-year and 8% sequentially to a record $3.24 billion, driven primarily by growth in the Bank's Point-of-Sale ("POS") Financing portfolio, which increased 68% year-over-year and 9% sequentially, as well as growth in the Bank's Commercial Real Estate ("CRE") portfolios, which increased 5% year-over-year and 6% sequentially;

● Revenue increased 44% year-over-year and 8% sequentially to a record $24.3 million due primarily to loan growth and redeployment of available cash into higher yielding, low risk securities, offset partially by higher interest expense attributable to higher deposit balances;

● Net interest margin increased 6 bps, or 2%, year-over-year and increased 2 bps, or 1%, sequentially to 2.83% as a function of higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets attributable primarily to a higher interest rate environment resulting from the Bank of Canada tightening monetary policy over the course of the past year;

------

● Net interest margin on loans decreased 20 bps, or 6%, year-over-year and was unchanged sequentially, at 3.03%, due primarily to a shift in the Bank's funding mix and the Bank successfully executing on its strategy to grow its POS Financing portfolio, offset partially by higher yields earned on the Bank's lending portfolio due to higher interest rates;

● Provision for Credit Losses ("PCLs") as a percentage of average loans was 0.05%, compared with a 12-quarter average of 0.00%, which remains among the lowest of the publicly traded Canadian Schedule I (federally licensed) Banks; and,

● Efficiency ratio (excluding DRTC) improved 1,406 bps (or 25%) year-over-year and 877 bps (or 18%) sequentially to 42%.

***DRTC (Cybersecurity Services and Banking and Financial Technology Development)***

● Revenue for the Cybersecurity Services component of DRTC (Digital Boundary Group, or DBG) decreased 3% year-over-year to $2.3 million as a function of lower service work volume in the current quarter while gross profit increased 17% to $1.6 million as a function primarily of improved operational efficiency. Sequentially, revenue and gross profit for Digital Boundary Group decreased 19% and 6% respectively as a function of lower engagements in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. DBG's gross profit amounts are included in DRTC's consolidated revenue which is reflected in non-interest income in VersaBank's consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. DBG remained profitable on a standalone basis within DRTC.

**MANAGEMENT COMMENTARY**

"Our record results for the first quarter, highlighted by 69% year-over-year growth in net income to $9.4 million, reflect the significant operating leveraging inherent in our value-added, branchless, digital banking model," said David Taylor, President and Chief Executive Officer, VersaBank. "Our loan portfolio grew 46% year-over-year and non-interest expense, as expected, trended to normalized levels following our strategic growth investments in fiscal 2022. As a result, our efficiency ratio improved substantially – more than 875 bps sequentially and more than 1,400 bps year-over-year – to 42%, and return on common equity improved 347 bps sequentially and 421 bps year-over-year to 10.79% – clear evidence of the true efficiency and earnings potential of our model at scale."

"Looking out to the remainder of fiscal 2023, we expect to see similar healthy sequential growth in our Canadian loan portfolio to that of the first quarter of this year, as consumer spending remains healthy in the sectors of the economy our Canadian Point of Sale business finances. Importantly, VersaBank was specifically designed to do well in good economic environments and even better in more challenging economic environments."

"We also look forward to the additional upside potential of the broad roll out of our Receivable Purchase Program in the U.S. Following submission of our requisite filings for our proposed U.S. bank acquisition, we remain optimistic with respect to near-term approval and continue to actively prepare for the significant opportunity to broadly offer our differentiated and attractive financing solution to U.S. partners, which is already proving successful in its limited roll out to date. As we continue to grow our loan portfolio on both sides of the border, and with non-interest expense returning to normalized levels in the near-term, we expect to continue to realize the full potential of the return on equity generation capability of our model."

"The cybersecurity segment within DRTC continues to be driven by our Digital Boundary Group operation, which was profitable in the current quarter and has been every quarter since being acquired by DRTC in late 2020. The market for DBG's critical cybersecurity services continues to rapidly expand as businesses and government entities are increasingly concerned about the likelihood of cybersecurity attacks. Recently, DBG added a major publicly traded, North American financial institution as a customer, further evidence of its leadership in the industry and the significant opportunity for growth."

------

**FINANCIAL REVIEW**

***Consolidated***

*Net Income* – Net income for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 was $9.4 million, or $0.34 per common share (basic and diluted), compared with $6.4 million, or $0.23 per common share (basic and diluted) for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and $5.6 million, or $0.19 per common share (basic and diluted), for the same period of fiscal 2022. The sequential and year-over-year increases were a function of higher revenue attributable primarily to lending asset growth, with the year-over-year trend reflecting a partial offset due to higher non-interest expense attributable to higher salary and benefits expense attributable to general, annual compensation adjustments and higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across the Bank, as well as higher costs related to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives.

***Digital Banking Operations***

*Net Interest Margin* – Net interest margin (or spread) for the quarter increased to 2.83% from 2.81% for the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and 2.77% for the same period of fiscal 2022. The sequential and year-over-year increases were primarily the result of higher yields earned on the Bank's lending and treasury assets attributable to higher interest rates offset partially by higher cost of funds.

*Net Interest Margin on Loans* – Net interest margin on loans for the quarter remained unchanged sequentially, and decreased 20 bps, or 6%, year-over-year and to 3.03%, due primarily to a shift in the Bank's funding mix and the Bank successfully executing on its strategy to grow its POS Financing portfolio offset partially by higher yields earned on the Bank's lending portfolio due to higher interest rates.

*Net Interest Income* – Net interest income for the quarter increased to a record $24.3 million from $22.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2022 and $16.9 million for the same period of fiscal 2022. The sequential and year-over year increases were due primarily to higher interest income earned on a higher loan balances attributable to strong growth in both the Bank's POS Financing and CRE Mortgage portfolios, higher yields earned on floating-rate lending assets as a result of higher interest rates, and the redeployment of available cash into higher-yielding, low-risk securities offset partially by higher interest expense attributable to higher deposit balances.

*Non-Interest Expenses* – Non-interest expenses for the quarter were $12.3 million compared with $13.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2022 and $10.6 million for the same period of fiscal 2022. The sequential trend was a function primarily of lower costs attributable to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives including, but not limited to, the acquisition of a US national bank, the development of the US RPP and preparation for commercial launch of the Canadian-dollar version of VersaBank's Digital Deposit Receipts and lower capital tax expense, offset partially by higher salary and benefits expense attributable to general, annual compensation adjustments and higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across the Bank . Notwithstanding the favourable sequential trend investments associated with the acquisition of the US bank are anticipated to continue over the first half of fiscal 2023 but will be substantially lower than the amounts invested over the course of fiscal 2022 and will be related primarily to the Bank ensuring that it is in compliance with all necessary US banking regulatory requirements. The year-over-year increase was a function primarily of higher salary and benefits expense attributable to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity across VersaBank and higher costs associated with employee retention as well as higher costs related to investments in the Bank's business development initiatives, noted above, offset partially by lower insurance premiums attributable to VersaBank's listing on the Nasdaq in September 2021 and lower capital tax expense.

*Provision for/Recovery of Credit Losses* – Provision for credit losses for the quarter was $385,000 compared to a provision for credit losses of $205,000 for the fourth quarter of 2022 and a provision for credit losses of $2,000 for the same period of fiscal 2022. The sequential and year-over-year changes were a function primarily of changes in the forward-looking information used by the Bank in its credit risk models and higher lending asset balances.

------

*Capital* – At January 31, 2023, VersaBank's total regulatory capital was $447 million compared with $449 million at October 31, 2022 and $426 million at January 31, 2022. The Bank's total capital ratio at January 31, 2023 was 15.34%, compared 16.52% at October 31, 2022 and 20.34% at January 31, 2022. The sequential and year-over-year capital ratio trends were a function primarily of retained earnings growth, the purchase and cancellation of common shares through the Bank's NCIB and changes to the Bank's risk-weighted asset balances and composition over the same periods.

*Credit Quality* – Gross impaired loans at January 31, 2023 were $1.7 million, compared with $0.3 million last quarter and $nil a year ago. The Bank's allowance for expected credit losses, ("ECL") at January 31, 2023 was $2.3 million compared with $1.9 million last quarter and $1.5 million a year ago. The quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year changes were a function primarily of the factors set out in the *Provision for/Recovery of Credit Losses* section above. VersaBank's Provision for Credit Losses ratio continues to be one of the lowest in the Canadian banking industry, reflecting the very low risk profile of the Bank's lending portfolio, enabling it to generate superior net interest margins by offering innovative, high-value deposit and lending solutions that address unmet needs in the banking industry through a highly efficient partner model.

*Lending Operations: POS Financing* – POS Financing portfolio balances for the quarter increased 9% sequentially and 68% year-over-year to $2.4 billion as a function primarily of continued strong demand for home finance, home improvement/HVAC receivable financing, and auto financing. Consumer spending and business investment in Canada are expected to slow during the first half of 2023 due primarily to higher interest rates combined with higher inflation relative to recent historical levels. Notwithstanding these factors, given the continuing strength of the labour market management anticipates that consumers will continue to spend in the various sectors to which the Bank provides POS financing although at levels measurably lower than the outsized spending of 2022. This consumer behaviour, combined with the anticipated addition of new origination partners in Canada, is expected to contribute to continued meaningful growth in the Bank's POS Financing portfolio throughout fiscal 2023 that is more consistent with pre-fiscal 2022 levels.

*U.S. Receivable Purchase Program* - Despite higher interest rates, elevated inflation, higher gas prices and supply chain disruptions in the US continued momentum in the job market and higher wages are expected to mitigate material declines in consumer spending, which in turn will support stable demand for durable goods and agricultural products which is expected to continue to stimulate transportation and manufacturing equipment purchases. Additionally, despite a cooling of the residential home market in the US overall construction activity is expected to continue to expand modestly in fiscal 2023 which is anticipated to support demand for construction equipment in the near term. Management believes that the anticipated US macroeconomic and industry trends described above will support growth in the Bank's RPP portfolio in the US throughout fiscal 2023, which will be focused on the provision of commercial equipment financing over the course of the same period. The Bank's RPP launched in a limited manner in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 with a large, North American, commercial transportation financing business focused on independent owner/operators and added a second commercial equipment financing partner over the course of the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

*Lending Operations: Commercial Lending* – The Commercial Lending portfolio for the quarter increased 6% sequentially and 5% year-over-year to $807 million. Management anticipates modest growth in the commercial mortgage sector related to financing for residential housing properties, which is expected to result in healthy demand for the Bank's construction and term financing products for which the Bank is currently experiencing and expects to continue to experience high quality deal flow, throughout at least fiscal 2023. Notwithstanding the highly effective risk mitigation strategies that are employed in managing the Bank's CRE portfolios, including working with well-established, well-capitalized partners and maintaining modest loan-to-value ratios on individual transactions, management has taken a cautionary stance with respect to its broader CRE portfolios due to the anticipation of volatility in CRE asset valuations in a rising interest rate environment and the potential impact of same on borrowers' ability to service debt, as well as due to concerns related to inflation and higher input costs, which continue to have the potential to drive higher construction costs. Additionally, management anticipates more meaningful participation in the B-20 compliant conventional, uninsured mortgage financing space, however, does not expect this lending activity to impact the Bank's balance sheet until mid-fiscal 2023.

------

*Deposit Funding* – Cost of funds for the first quarter was 2.95%, an increase of 50 bps sequentially and 166 bps year-over-year attributable to a shift in the Bank's funding mix and a higher interest rate environment. Commercial deposits at January 31, 2023 were $586 million, down 2% year-over-year and down 2% sequentially. Personal deposits at January 31, 2023 were $2.3 billion, up 87% year-over-year and up 14% sequentially. Management expects that commercial deposit volumes raised via VersaBank's Trustee Integrated Banking ("TIB") program will return to growth in the second half of fiscal 2023 as a function of an increase in the volume of consumer and commercial bankruptcy and proposal restructuring proceedings over the same timeframe, attributable primarily to a more challenging current and forecasted economic environment as evidenced by increasing Canadian consumer bankruptcy filing volumes. Further, VersaBank continues to pursue a number of initiatives to grow and expand its well-established, diverse deposit broker network through which it sources personal deposits, consisting primarily of guaranteed investment certificates.

***DRTC (Cybersecurity Services and Banking and Financial Technology Development)***

DRTC revenue (including that from services provided to the Digital Banking operations) increased 3% sequentially to $1.8 million and 29% year-over-year, as a function primarily of higher gross profit from DBG. Notwithstanding this positive trend DRTC recorded a net loss of $516,000 compared to a net loss of $486,000 in the sequential quarter and net income of $148,000 a year ago. The sequential trend was function primarily of DRTC recognizing an income tax recovery in the comparative period related to tax adjustments in fiscal 2022, while the year-over-year trend was function primarily of higher non-interest expenses attributable to higher salary and benefits expense due to higher staffing levels to support expanded business activity and higher costs associated with employee retention amidst the current challenging labour market.

DBG revenue decreased 3% as a function of lower service work volume in the current quarter while gross profit increased 17% as a function primarily of improved operational efficiency achieved by DBG over the course of the year. DRTC's DBG services revenue and gross profit decreased 19% and 6% to $2.3 million and $1.6 million respectively as a function of lower engagements in the current quarter. DBG's gross profit amounts are included in DRTC's consolidated revenue which is reflected in non-interest income in VersaBank's consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

------

**FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS**

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| (unaudited) | **For the three months ended** | **For the three months ended** | **For the three months ended** |
|  | **January 31** | **October 31** | **January 31** |
| (thousands of Canadian dollars except per share amounts) | **2023** | **2022** | **2022** |
| **Results of operations** |  |  |  |
| Interest income | $49561 | $42072 | $24720 |
| Net interest income | 24274 | 22477 | 16885 |
| Non-interest income | 1644 | 1775 | 1381 |
| Total revenue | 25918 | 24252 | 18266 |
| Provision (recovery) for credit losses | 385 | 205 | 2 |
| Non-interest expenses | 12335 | 13774 | 10636 |
| Digital Banking | 10169 | 11456 | 9504 |
| DRTC | 2357 | 2359 | 1173 |
| **Net income** | **9417** | **6429** | **5566** |
| Income per common share: |  |  |  |
| Basic | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.19 |
| Diluted | $0.34 | $0.23 | $0.19 |
| Dividends paid on preferred shares | $247 | $247 | $247 |
| Dividends paid on common shares | $663 | $680 | $687 |
| Yield\* | 5.78% | 5.26% | 4.06% |
| Cost of funds\* | 2.95% | 2.45% | 1.29% |
| Net interest margin\* | 2.83% | 2.81% | 2.77% |
| Net interest margin on loans\* | 3.03% | 3.03% | 3.23% |
| Return on average common equity\* | 10.79% | 7.32% | 6.58% |
| Book value per common share\* | $12.77 | $12.37 | $11.78 |
| Efficiency ratio\* | 48% | 57% | 58% |
| Efficiency ratio - Digital banking\* | 42% | 51% | 56% |
| Return on average total assets\* | 1.07% | 0.77% | 0.87% |
| Gross impaired loans to total loans\* | 0.05% | 0.01% | 0.00% |
| Provision (recovery) for credit losses as a % of average loans\* | 0.05% | 0.03% | 0.00% |
|  | **As at** | **As at** | **As at** |
| **Balance Sheet Summary** |  |  |  |
| Cash | $201372 | $88581 | $155239 |
| Securities | 49847 | 141564 |  |
| Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | 3235083 | 2992678 | 2215638 |
| Average loans | 3113881 | 2903400 | 2159344 |
| Total assets | 3531690 | 3265998 | 2415346 |
| Deposits | 2925452 | 2657540 | 1847003 |
| Subordinated notes payable | 102765 | 104951 | 97726 |
| Shareholders' equity | 351177 | 350675 | 336951 |
| **Capital ratios\*\*** |  |  |  |
| Risk-weighted assets | $2917048 | $2714902 | $2095335 |
| Common Equity Tier 1 capital | 326411 | 325657 | 310825 |
| Total regulatory capital | 447472 | 448575 | 426237 |
| Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio | 11.19% | 12.00% | 14.83% |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 11.66% | 12.50% | 15.49% |
| Total capital ratio | 15.34% | 16.52% | 20.34% |
| Leverage ratio | 9.21% | 9.84% | 12.69% |

---

\* This is a non-GAAP measure. See definition under 'Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures' in the Q1 2023 Management's Discussion and Analysis.

\*\* Capital management and leverage measures are in accordance with OSFI's Capital Adequacy Requirements and Basel III Accord.

------

**About VersaBank**

VersaBank is a Canadian Schedule I chartered (federally licensed) bank with a difference. VersaBank became the world's first fully digital financial institution when it adopted its highly efficient business-to-business model in 1993 using its proprietary state-of-the-art financial technology to profitably address underserved segments of the Canadian banking market in the pursuit of superior net interest margins while mitigating risk. VersaBank obtains all of its deposits and provides the majority of its loans and leases electronically, with innovative deposit and lending solutions for financial intermediaries that allow them to excel in their core businesses. In addition, leveraging its internally developed IT security software and capabilities, VersaBank established wholly owned, Washington, DC-based subsidiary, DRT Cyber Inc. to pursue significant large-market opportunities in cyber security and develop innovative solutions to address the rapidly growing volume of cyber threats challenging financial institutions, multi-national corporations and government entities on a daily basis.

VersaBank's Common Shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and Nasdaq under the symbol VBNK. Its Series 1 Preferred Shares trade on the TSX under the symbol VBNK.PR.A.

**Forward-Looking Statements**

VersaBank's public communications often include written or oral forward-looking statements. Statements of this type are included in this document and may be included in other filings and with Canadian securities regulators or the US Securities and Exchange Commission, or in other communications. All such statements are made pursuant to the "safe harbor" provisions of, and are intended to be forward-looking statements under, the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and any applicable Canadian securities legislation. The statements in this management's discussion and analysis that relate to the future are forward-looking statements. By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, many of which are out of VersaBank's control. Risks exist that predictions, forecasts, projections, and other forward-looking statements will not be achieved. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the strength of the Canadian and US economy in general and the strength of the local economies within Canada and the US in which VersaBank conducts operations; the effects of changes in monetary and fiscal policy, including changes in interest rate policies of the Bank of Canada and the US Federal Reserve; global commodity prices; the effects of competition in the markets in which VersaBank operates; inflation; capital market fluctuations; the timely development and introduction of new products in receptive markets; the impact of changes in the laws and regulations pertaining to financial services; changes in tax laws; technological changes; unexpected judicial or regulatory proceedings; unexpected changes in consumer spending and savings habits; the impact of wars or conflicts including the crisis in Ukraine and the impact of the crisis on global supply chains; the impact of potential new variants of COVID-19; the possible effects on our business of terrorist activities; natural disasters and disruptions to public infrastructure, such as transportation, communications, power or water supply; and VersaBank's anticipation of and success in managing the risks implicated by the foregoing. For a detailed discussion of certain key factors that may affect VersaBank's future results, please see VersaBank's annual MD&A for the year ended October 31, 2022.

The foregoing list of important factors is not exhaustive. When relying on forward-looking statements to make decisions, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events. The forward-looking information contained in the management's discussion and analysis is presented to assist VersaBank shareholders and others in understanding VersaBank's financial position and may not be appropriate for any other purposes. Except as required by securities law, VersaBank does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that is contained in this management's discussion and analysis or made from time to time by VersaBank or on its behalf.

------

**Conference Call**

VersaBank will be hosting a conference call and webcast today, Wednesday, March 8, 2023, at 9:00 a.m. (EDT) to discuss its first quarter results, featuring a presentation by David Taylor, President & CEO, and other VersaBank executives, followed by a question and answer period.

*Dial-in Details*

Toll-free dial-in number: 1 (888) 664-6392 (Canada/U.S.) <br> Local dial-in number: (416) 764-8659

Please call between 8:45 a.m. and 8:55 a.m. (EDT).

To join the conference call by telephone without operator assistance, you may register and enter your phone number in advance at <u>https://bit.ly/3JKSPJv</u> to receive an instant automated call back.

Webcast Access: For those preferring to listen to the conference call via the Internet, a webcast of Mr. Taylor's presentation will be available via the internet, accessible here <u>https://app.webinar.net/x8GVZWDBk1P</u> or from the Bank's web site.

*Instant Replay*

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Toll-free dial-in number: | 1 (888) 390-0541 (Canada/U.S.) |
| Local dial-in number: | (416) 764-8677 |
| Passcode: | 158247# |
| Expiry Date: | April 8th, 2023, at 11:59 p.m. (EDT) |

---

The archived webcast presentation will also be available via the Internet for 90 days following the live event at <u>https://app.webinar.net/x8GVZWDBk1P</u> and on the Bank's web site.

**FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT:**

LodeRock Advisors<br> Lawrence Chamberlain<br> (416) 519-4196<br> <u>lawrence.chamberlain@loderockadvisors.com</u><br>

Visit our website at: <u>www.versabank.com</u>

Follow VersaBank on <u>Facebook</u>, <u>Instagram</u>, <u>LinkedIn</u> and <u>Twitter</u>

## Exhibit 99.4

**Exhibit 99.4**

![ex_483732img001.jpg](ex_483732img001.jpg)

**For Immediate Release: March 8, 2023**

**Attention: Business Editors**

**VERSABANK DECLARES DIVIDENDS**

**LONDON, ON/CNW** - VersaBank (the "Bank") (TSX: VBNK; NASDAQ: VBNK) today announced that cash dividends in the amount of CAD $0.025 per Common Share of the Bank and CAD $0.1693 per Series 1 Preferred Share of the Bank, have been declared for the quarter ending April 30, 2023, payable as of April 30, 2023, to shareholders of record at the close of business on April 6, 2023.

The dividends to which this notice relates are eligible dividends for tax purposes.

**About VersaBank**

VersaBank is a Canadian Schedule I chartered (federally regulated) bank with a difference. VersaBank became the world's first fully digital financial institution when it adopted its highly efficient business-to-business model in 1993 using its proprietary state-of-the-art financial technology to profitably address underserved segments of the Canadian banking market in the pursuit of superior net interest margins while mitigating risk. VersaBank obtains all of its deposits and provides the majority of its loans and leases electronically, with innovative deposit and lending solutions for financial intermediaries that allow them to excel in their core businesses. In addition, leveraging its internally developed IT security software and capabilities, VersaBank established wholly owned, Washington, DC-based subsidiary, DRT Cyber Inc. to pursue significant large-market opportunities in cyber security and develop innovative solutions to address the rapidly growing volume of cyber threats challenging financial institutions, multi-national corporations and government entities on a daily basis.

VersaBank's Common Shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and Nasdaq under the symbol VBNK. Its Series 1 Preferred Shares trade on the TSX under the symbol VBNK.PR.A.

**FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT:** 

LodeRock Advisors<br> Lawrence Chamberlain<br> (416) 519-4196<br> <u>lawrence.chamberlain@loderockadvisors.com</u><br>

Visit our website at: <u>www.versabank.com</u>

Follow VersaBank on <u>Facebook</u>, <u>Instagram</u>, <u>LinkedIn</u> and <u>Twitter</u>.

## Exhibit 99.5

**Exhibit 99.5**

![v02.jpg](v02.jpg)

**FORM 52-109F2**

**CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS**

**FULL CERTIFICATE**

I, David R. Taylor, President & Chief Executive Officer of VersaBank, certify the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.  ***Review:*** I have reviewed the interim financial statements and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of VersaBank (the "issuer") for the interim period ended January 31, 2023.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.  ***No misrepresentations:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.  ***Fair presentation:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial statements together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.  ***Responsibility:*** The issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 *Certification of Disclosure in Issuers* ' *Annual and Interim Filings*, for the issuer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.  ***Design:*** Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.1  ***Control framework:*** The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is *Internal Control* – *Integrated Framework*, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.2 N/A

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.3 N/A

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6.  ***Reporting changes in ICFR:*** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on November 1, 2022 and ended on January 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: March 8, 2023

*/s/ David R. Taylor*

___________________

David R. Taylor

President &

Chief Executive Officer

## Exhibit 99.6

**Exhibit 99.6**

![v02.jpg](v02.jpg)

**FORM 52-109F2**

**CERTIFICATION OF INTERIM FILINGS**

**FULL CERTIFICATE**

I, Shawn Clarke, Chief Financial Officer of VersaBank, certify the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.  ***Review:*** I have reviewed the interim financial statements and interim MD&A (together, the "interim filings") of VersaBank (the "issuer") for the interim period ended January 31, 2023.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.  ***No misrepresentations:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim filings do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made, with respect to the period covered by the interim filings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3.  ***Fair presentation:*** Based on my knowledge, having exercised reasonable diligence, the interim financial statements together with the other financial information included in the interim filings fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the issuer, as of the date of and for the periods presented in the interim filings.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.  ***Responsibility:*** The issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 *Certification of Disclosure in Issuers* ' *Annual and Interim Filings*, for the issuer.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.  ***Design:*** Subject to the limitations, if any, described in paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3, the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I have, as at the end of the period covered by the interim filings

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) designed DC&P, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance that

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) material information relating to the issuer is made known to us by others, particularly during the period in which the interim filings are being prepared; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) information required to be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in securities legislation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) designed ICFR, or caused it to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer's GAAP.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.1  ***Control framework:*** The control framework the issuer's other certifying officer(s) and I used to design the issuer's ICFR is *Internal Control* – *Integrated Framework*, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.2 N/A

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5.3 N/A

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6.  ***Reporting changes in ICFR:*** The issuer has disclosed in its interim MD&A any change in the issuer's ICFR that occurred during the period beginning on November 1, 2022 and ended on January 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the issuer's ICFR.

Date: March 8, 2023

*/s/ Shawn Clarke*

____________________

Shawn Clarke

Chief Financial Officer