# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001327318
**File Stem:** 0001327318-23-000009
**Filing Date:** 2023-2
**Character Count:** 15144
**Document Hash:** 43a2eb432d0dc5e1f03c39e786afc05f
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001327318-23-000009.hdr.sgml**: 20230224

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001327318-23-000009

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: S-8

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 5

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20230224

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20230223

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20230224

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** TrueCar, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001327318
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** SERVICES-COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, DATA PROCESSING, ETC. [7370]
- **IRS NUMBER:** 043807511
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** S-8
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-269976
- **FILM NUMBER:** 23661629

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1401 OCEAN AVE, SUITE 300
- **CITY:** SANTA MONICA
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 90401
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 800-200-2000

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 1401 OCEAN AVE, SUITE 300
- **CITY:** SANTA MONICA
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 90401

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Zag com Inc
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20050516

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023**

**Registration No. 333-**

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM S-8**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**UNDER**

**THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933**

**TRUECAR, INC.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **04-3807511** |
| (State or other jurisdiction of<br>incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.) |

---

**1401 Ocean Avenue, Suite 200** 

**Santa Monica, California 90401** 

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

**2014 Equity Incentive Plan**

(Full title of the plan)

**Michael Darrow**

**President and Chief Executive Officer**

**TrueCar, Inc.**

**1401 Ocean Avenue, Suite 200** 

**Santa Monica, California 90401** 

**(800) 200-2000**

(Name, address and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

**Copies to:**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **David J. Segre<br>Cooley LLP<br>3175 Hanover Street<br>Palo Alto, California 94304<br>(650) 843-5335** | **Jeffrey Swart**<br>**General Counsel**<br>**Scott Watkinson**<br>**Deputy General Counsel**<br>**TrueCar, Inc.**<br>**1401 Ocean Ave., Suite 200**<br>**Santa Monica, California 90401**<br>**(800) 200-2000** |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer ◻ | Accelerated filer ⌧ |
| Non-accelerated filer ◻ | Smaller reporting company ◻ |
| | Emerging growth company ◻ |

---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ◻

------

**EXPLANATORY NOTE**

This Registration Statement on Form S-8 (this "Registration Statement") registers additional shares ("Shares") of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of TrueCar, Inc. (the "Registrant") under the Registrant's 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan") for which a registration statement (No. 333-196017) on Form S-8 was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") on May 16, 2014 (the "Initial S-8"). Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, the contents of the Initial S-8 are incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement. The number of Shares available for grant and issuance under the 2014 Plan is subject to an annual increase on the first day of each fiscal year starting on January 1, 2015 by an amount equal to the least of (i) 10,000,000 shares, (ii) five percent of the outstanding Shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year or (iii) such number of Shares determined by the board of directors of the Registrant. On January 1, 2023, the number of Shares available for grant and issuance under the 2014 Plan increased by 4,421,954 Shares. This Registration Statement registers such additional Shares, which were available for grant and issuance under the 2014 Plan as of January 1, 2023.

**Item 8. Exhibits.**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit Number** | **Description** |
| <u>[4.1\*](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1327318/000104746914004566/a2219764zex-4_2.htm)</u> | <u>[Specimen common stock certificate of the Registrant](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1327318/000104746914004566/a2219764zex-4_2.htm)</u> |
| <u>[4.2\*\*](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1327318/000104746914004966/a2220192zex-10_4.htm)</u> | <u>[2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, and forms of agreement thereunder](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1327318/000104746914004966/a2220192zex-10_4.htm)</u> |
| <u>[5.1](exhibit51cooleyconsentto20.htm)</u> | <u>[Opinion of Cooley LLP](exhibit51cooleyconsentto20.htm)</u> |
| <u>[23.1](exhibit231pwcconsentto2023.htm)</u> | <u>[Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm](exhibit231pwcconsentto2023.htm)</u> |
| <u>[23.2](exhibit51cooleyconsentto20.htm)</u> | <u>[Consent of Cooley LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1 hereto)](exhibit51cooleyconsentto20.htm)</u> |
| <u>[24.1](#i8de6edd4093b4ba0923b2aa35bc99e4f_4)</u> | <u>[Power of Attorney (contained on the signature page hereto)](#i8de6edd4093b4ba0923b2aa35bc99e4f_4)</u> |
| <u>[107.1](exhibit1071filingfee2023.htm)</u> | <u>[Calculation of Filing Fee Table](exhibit1071filingfee2023.htm)</u> |

---

\*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant's Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the Commission on May 5, 2014.

\*\*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Amended Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed with the Commission on May 15, 2014.

------

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Santa Monica, State of California, on February 23, 2023.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **TRUECAR, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Michael D. Darrow |
|  | **Michael D. Darrow** |
|  | **President and Chief Executive Officer** |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Michael D. Darrow, Jantoon E. Reigersman and Jeffrey J. Swart, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Registration Statement on Form S-8 of TrueCar, Inc., and any or all amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Signature** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ Michael D. Darrow | President and Chief Executive Officer and Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Michael Darrow | (Principal Executive Officer and Director) |  |
| /s/ Teresa T. Luong | Chief Financial Officer | February 23, 2023 |
| Teresa T. Luong | (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |  |
| /s/ Robert E. Buce | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Robert E. Buce |  |  |
| /s/ Barbara A. Carbone | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Barbara A. Carbone |  |  |
| /s/ Christopher W. Claus | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Christopher W. Claus |  |  |
| /s/ Brendan L. Harrington | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Brendan L. Harrington |  |  |
| /s/ Faye M. Iosotaluno | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Faye M. Iosotaluno |  |  |
| /s/ Erin N. Lantz | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| Erin N. Lantz |  |  |
| /s/ John W. Mendel | Director | February 23, 2023 |
| John W. Mendel |  |  |

---

## Ex-Filing

**Exhibit 107.1**

**Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**

**Form S-8**

(Form Type)

**TrueCar, Inc.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

**Table 1 – Newly Registered Securities**

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Security Type** | **Title of Securities to Be Registered** | **Fee Calculation Rule** | **Amount**<br>**to Be Registered** <sup>(1)</sup> | **Proposed<br>Maximum Offering<br>Price Per Share** | **Proposed<br>Maximum Aggregate<br>Offering Price** | **Fee Rate** | **Amount of<br>Registration Fee** |
| Equity | Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, reserved for issuance pursuant to the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan") | Other <sup>(2)</sup>  | 4421954<sup>(3)</sup> | $2.90<sup>(2)</sup> | $12823666.60 | $110.20 per $1,000,000 | $1413.17 |
| **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | $12823666.60 |  | $1413.17 |
| **Total Fee Offsets** <sup>(4)</sup> | **Total Fee Offsets** <sup>(4)</sup> | **Total Fee Offsets** <sup>(4)</sup> | **Total Fee Offsets** <sup>(4)</sup> | **Total Fee Offsets** <sup>(4)</sup> |  |  |  |
| **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** |  |  | $**1413.17** |

---

(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the registrant's common stock that become issuable under the 2014 Plan by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction effected without receipt of consideration that increases the number of the registrant's outstanding shares of common stock.

(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Estimated in accordance with Rules 457(c) and (h) under the Securities Act solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee on the basis of $2.90 per share, which represents the average of the high and low sale prices of the Registrant's common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on February 17, 2023.

(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Represents an automatic annual increase on January 1, 2023 to the number of shares of the Registrant's common stock reserved for issuance under the 2014 Plan, which annual increase is provided for in the 2014 Plan.

(4)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Registrant does not have any fee offsets.

## Exhibit 5.1

![image_1.jpg](image_1.jpg)

February 23, 2023

TrueCar, Inc.

1401 Ocean Avenue, Suite 200

Santa Monica, California 90401

**Re:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;TrueCar, Inc. – Registration Statement on Form S-8**

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to TrueCar, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "***Company***"), in connection with the filing of a registration statement on Form S-8 (the "***Registration Statement***") with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "***Commission***") covering the offering of up to 4,421,954 shares (the "***Shares***") of the Company's Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, pursuant to the TrueCar, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the "***Plan***").

In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon (a) the Registration Statement and related prospectus, (b) the Company's certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each as currently in effect, (c) the Plan and (d) originals or copies certified to our satisfaction of such records, documents, certificates, memoranda and other instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinion expressed below. We have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies, the accuracy, completeness and authenticity of certificates of public officials and the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents by all persons other than the Company where authorization, execution and delivery are prerequisites to the effectiveness thereof. As to certain factual matters, we have relied upon a certificate of an officer of the Company and have not independently verified such matters.

Our opinion is expressed only with respect to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. We express no opinion to the extent that any other laws are applicable to the subject matter hereof and express no opinion and provide no assurance as to compliance with any federal or state securities law, rule or regulation.

On the basis of the foregoing, and in reliance thereon, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when sold and issued in accordance with the Plan, the Registration Statement and related prospectus, will be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable (except as to shares issued pursuant to certain deferred payment arrangements, which will be fully paid and nonassessable when such deferred payments are made in full).

We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

Sincerely,

**Cooley LLP**

By: <u>/s/ David J. Segre</u> 

David J. Segre

Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130<br>t: (650) 843-5000 f: (650) 849-7400 cooley.com

## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

**CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM**

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of TrueCar, Inc. of our report dated February 23, 2023 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in TrueCar, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Los Angeles, California

February 23, 2023

<br>