# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001999480
**File Stem:** 0001104659-26-027925
**Filing Date:** 2026-3
**Character Count:** 32539
**Document Hash:** 909b117f4ce6a2eb60ff4daa191caed0
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001104659-26-027925.hdr.sgml**: 20260316

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001104659-26-027925

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: S-8

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 14

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260316

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260316

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20260316

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Alto Neuroscience, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001999480
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 834210124
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** S-8
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-294309
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26754384

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 650 CASTRO STREET, SUITE 450
- **CITY:** MOUNTAIN VIEW
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94041
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 773-255-5012

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 650 CASTRO STREET, SUITE 450
- **CITY:** MOUNTAIN VIEW
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94041

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2026**

**Registration No. 333-** 

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM S-8**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

***UNDER***

***THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933***

**Alto Neuroscience, Inc.**

**(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **83-4210124** |
| **(State or other jurisdiction of<br> incorporation or organization)** | **(I.R.S. Employer<br> Identification No.)** |
| **650 Castro Street, Suite 450 <br> Mountain View, CA** | **94041** |
| **(Address of Principal Executive Offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

---

**Alto Neuroscience, Inc. 2024 Equity Incentive Plan**

**Alto Neuroscience, Inc. 2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan**

**(Full titles of the plans)**

**Amit Etkin, M.D., Ph.D.**

**President and Chief Executive Officer**

**Alto Neuroscience, Inc.**

**650 Castro Street, Suite 450**

**Mountain View, CA 94041**

**Tel: (650) 200-0412**

**(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)**

***Copies to:***

**Divakar Gupta**

**Christina T. Roupas**

**Courtney M.W. Tygesson**

**Madison A. Jones**

**Cooley LLP**

**110 North Wacker Drive**

**Suite 4200**

**Chicago, IL 60606**

**Tel: (312) 881-6500**

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer | ◻ | Accelerated filer | ◻ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ⌧ | Smaller reporting company | ⌧ |
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ⌧ |

---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

**EXPLANATORY NOTE**

This registration statement on Form S-8 (this "Registration Statement") registers an aggregate of 1,915,411 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share ("common stock"), of Alto Neuroscience, Inc. (the "Registrant") consisting of (i) 1,596,176 additional shares issuable under the Registrant's 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2024 Plan") effective January 1, 2026, by operation of the 2024 Plan's "evergreen" provision, and (ii) 319,235 additional shares issuable under the Registrant's 2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2024 ESPP") effective January 1, 2026, by operation of the 2024 ESPP's "evergreen" provision.

Pursuant to General Instruction E to Form S-8, this Registration Statement incorporates by reference the Registrant's registration statements on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") on [February 6, 2024 (File No. 333-276901)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025355/d707576ds8.htm) and [March 20, 2025 (File No. 333-285978)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312525059388/d809572ds8.htm) as relating to the 2024 Plan and 2024 ESPP, and except to the extent supplemented, amended or superseded by the information set forth herein.

**PART I**

**INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(a) PROSPECTUS**

The information called for by Part I of Form S-8 is omitted from this Registration Statement in accordance with Rule 428 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the instructions to Form S-8. In accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission and the instructions to Form S-8, such documents are not being filed with the Commission either as part of this Registration Statement or as prospectuses or prospectus supplements pursuant to Rule 424 of the Securities Act.

**PART II**

**INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT**

**Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference.**

The following documents filed by the Registrant with the Commission are incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement:

(a) The Registrant's [Annual Report on <u>Form 10-K</u> for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the Commission on March 16, 2026](https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000199948026000002/alto-20251231.htm) ;
and

(b) The description of the Registrant's
 common stock contained in [Exhibit 4.5](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000199948025000025/exhibit45-descriptionofsec.htm) in the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
 2024, filed with the Commission on March 20, 2025, including any amendment or report filed with the Commission for the purpose
 of updating such description.

All documents subsequently filed by the Registrant pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents; provided, however, that documents or information, or portions thereof, which are furnished and not filed in accordance with the rules of the Commission shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement. Any statement contained herein or in a document, all or a portion of which is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not constitute a part of this Registration Statement, except as so modified or superseded.

**Item 4. Description of Securities.**

Not applicable.

**Item 5. Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.**

Entities comprised of partners and associates of Cooley LLP beneficially own an aggregate of 57,569 shares of the Registrant's common stock.

**Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.**

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a court to award, or a corporation's board of directors to grant, indemnity to directors and officers in terms sufficiently broad to permit such indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities, including reimbursement for expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act. The Registrant's amended and restated certificate of incorporation permits indemnification of its directors, officers, employees and other agents to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, and the Registrant's amended and restated bylaws provide that the Registrant will indemnify its directors and executive officers and permit it to indemnify its other officers, employees, and other agents, in each case to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.

The Registrant has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers, whereby it has agreed to indemnify its directors and executive officers to the fullest extent permitted by law, including indemnification against expenses and liabilities incurred in legal proceedings to which the director or executive officer was, or is threatened to be made, a party by reason of the fact that such director or executive officer is or was a director, executive officer, employee or agent of the Registrant, provided that such director or executive officer acted in good faith and in a manner that the director or executive officer reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interest of the Registrant.

The Registrant maintains insurance policies that indemnify its directors and officers against various liabilities arising under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, that might be incurred by any director or officer in his capacity as such.

**Item 7. Exemption from Registration Claimed.**

Not applicable.

**Item 8. Exhibits.**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit<br> Number** | **Description** |
| [4.1](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025266/d736911dex31.htm) | [Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2024).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025266/d736911dex31.htm) |
| [4.2](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025266/d736911dex32.htm) | [Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2024).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025266/d736911dex32.htm) |
| [4.3](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex41.htm) | [Form of Common Stock Certificate of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-276495), originally filed on January 29, 2024).](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex41.htm) |
| [5.1\*](tm268235d1_ex5-1.htm) | [Opinion of Cooley LLP.](tm268235d1_ex5-1.htm) |
| [23.1\*](tm268235d1_ex23-1.htm) | [Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.](tm268235d1_ex23-1.htm) |
| [23.2\*](tm268235d1_ex5-1.htm) | [Consent of Cooley LLP. Reference is made to Exhibit 5.1.](tm268235d1_ex5-1.htm) |
| [24.1\*](#a_001) | [Power of Attorney. Reference is made to the signature page hereto.](#a_001) |
| [99.1](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025355/d707576dex993.htm) | [2024 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No 333-276901) filed on February 6, 2024).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025355/d707576dex993.htm) |
| [99.2](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex104.htm) | [Form of Option Grant Notice and Agreement, and Exercise Notice under the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-276495), filed with the Commission on January 29, 2024).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex104.htm) |
| [99.3](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex105.htm) | [Form of RSU Award Grant Notice and Agreement under the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-276495), filed with the Commission on January 29, 2024).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524017403/d204454dex105.htm) |
| [99.4](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025355/d707576dex996.htm) | [2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-276901) filed on February 6, 2024).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1999480/000119312524025355/d707576dex996.htm) |
| [107\*](tm268235d1_ex-filingfees.htm) | [Filing Fee Table.](tm268235d1_ex-filingfees.htm) |

---

\* Filed herewith.

**Item 9. Undertakings.**

(a) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective Registration Statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in the Registration Statement.

*Provided, however*, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) do not apply if the Registration Statement is on Form S-8, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(b) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Mountain View, State of California, on this 16th day of March, 2026.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **ALTO NEUROSCIENCE, INC.** | **ALTO NEUROSCIENCE, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Amit Etkin |
|  | Amit Etkin, M.D., Ph.D. |
|  | President and Chief Executive Officer |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

KNOW ALL BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Amit Etkin, M.D., Ph.D. and Nicholas Smith and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agents, each with the full power of substitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place or stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this registration statement (including post-effective amendments), and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agents, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Signatures** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ Amit Etkin | President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chair of the Board of Directors | March 16, 2026 |
| Amit Etkin, M.D., Ph.D. | *(Principal Executive Officer)* |  |
| /s/ Nicholas Smith | Chief Financial Officer and Chief Business Officer | March 16, 2026 |
| Nicholas Smith | *(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)* |  |
| /s/ Christopher Nixon Cox | Director | March 16, 2026 |
| Christopher Nixon Cox |  |  |
| /s/ Andrew Dreyfus | Director | March 16, 2026 |
| Andrew Dreyfus |  |  |
| /s/ Husseini Manji | Director | March 16, 2026 |
| Husseini Manji, M.D. |  |  |
| /s/ Raymond Sanchez | Director | March 16, 2026 |
| Raymond Sanchez, M.D. |  |  |
| /s/ Gwill York | Director | March 16, 2026 |
| Gwill York |  |  |

---

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

![](tm268235d1_ex5-1img001.jpg)

Courtney Tygesson

T +1 312 881 6680

CTygesson@cooley.com

March 16, 2026

Alto Neuroscience, Inc.

650 Castro Street, Suite 450

Mountain View, CA 94041

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Alto Neuroscience, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "***Company***"), in connection with the filing by the Company of a Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the "***Registration Statement***") with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "***Commission***") covering the offering of up to 1,915,411 shares (the "***Shares***") of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the "***Common Stock***"), consisting of (i) 1,596,176 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Company's 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the "***2024 Plan***") and (ii) 319,235 shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Company's 2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "***2024 ESPP***") (together with the 2024 Plan the "***Plans***").

In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon (a) the Registration Statement and the related prospectuses, (b) the Company's certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each as currently in effect, (c) the Plans and (d) such other records, documents, opinions, certificates, memoranda and instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinion expressed below. We have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies, the accuracy, completeness and authenticity of certificates of public officials, and the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents by all persons other than the Company. As to certain factual matters, we have relied upon a certificate of an officer of the Company and have not independently verified such matters.

Our opinion is expressed only with respect to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. We express no opinion to the extent that any other laws are applicable to the subject matter hereof and express no opinion and provide no assurance as to compliance with any federal or state securities law, rule or regulation.

On the basis of the foregoing, and in reliance thereon, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when sold and issued in accordance with the Plans, the Registration Statement and the related prospectuses, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable (except as to shares issued pursuant to deferred payment arrangements, which will be fully paid and nonassessable when such deferred payments are made in full).

This opinion is limited to the matters expressly set forth in this letter, and no opinion has been or should be implied, or may be inferred, beyond the matters expressly stated. This opinion speaks only as to law and facts in effect or existing as of the date hereof, and we have no obligation or responsibility to update or supplement this opinion to reflect any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention or any changes in law that may hereafter occur.

Cooley LLP 110 N. Wacker Drive, Suite 4200 Chicago, IL 60606-1511

t: (312) 881-6500 f: (312) 881-6598 cooley.com

![](tm268235d1_ex5-1img001.jpg)

March 16, 2026

Page Two

We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

Sincerely,

**Cooley LLP**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| By: | /s/ Courtney Tygesson |
|  | Courtney Tygesson |

---

Cooley LLP 110 N. Wacker Drive, Suite 4200 Chicago, IL 60606-1511

t: (312) 881-6500 f: (312) 881-6598 cooley.com

## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

**CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM**

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated March 16, 2026, relating to the financial statements of Alto Neuroscience, Inc. appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Alto Neuroscience, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2025.

**/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP**

Chicago, IL

March 16, 2026

## Ex-Filing

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? EX-FILING FEES

---

| |
|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **S-8**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Alto Neuroscience, Inc.**  |

---

---

| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Security Type**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Security Class Title**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Fee Calculation Rule**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Amount Registered**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Maximum Aggregate Offering Price**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Fee Rate**  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Amount of Registration Fee**  |
| 1 | Equity | Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 2024 Equity Incentive Plan | Other | 1596176 | $21.14 | $33743160.64 | 0.0001381 | $4659.93 |
| 2 | Equity | Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | Other | 319235 | $17.97 | $5736652.95 | 0.0001381 | $792.23 |
| Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: |  | $39479813.59  |  | $5452.16  |
| Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  |  |  |  | $0.00  |
| Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  |  |  |  | $5452.16  |

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Offering Note** <br>

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <sup>1</sup> Pursuant to Rule 416(a) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of common stock of Alto Neuroscience, Inc. (the "Registrant") that become issuable under the Registrant's 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2024 Plan") by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, or other similar transaction effected that results in an increase to the number of outstanding shares of the Registrant's common stock, as applicable. The amount registered represents shares of common stock that were added to the shares reserved for future issuance under the 2024 Plan on January 1, 2026, pursuant to an evergreen provision contained in the 2024 Plan. Pursuant to such provision, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2024 Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year for a period of 10 years, beginning on January 1, 2025 and continuing through (and including) January 1, 2034, in an amount equal to 5% of the total number of shares of the Registrant's common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding year, except that, before the date of any such increase, the Registrant's board of directors may determine that the increase for such year will be a lesser number of shares. The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per unit and proposed maximum aggregate offering price for the 1,596,176 shares of common stock reserved for grant under the 2024 Plan are estimated in accordance with Rules 457(c) and 457(h) solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee on the basis of $21.14 per share, which is the average of the high and low selling prices per share of the Registrant's common stock on March 9, 2026 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <sup>2</sup> Pursuant to Rule 416(a) promulgated under the Securities Act, this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of common stock of the Registrant that become issuable under the Registrant's 2024 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "2024 ESPP") by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, or other similar transaction effected that results in an increase to the number of outstanding shares of the Registrant's common stock, as applicable. The amount registered represents shares of common stock that were added to the shares reserved for future issuance under the 2024 ESPP on January 1, 2026, pursuant to an evergreen provision contained in the 2024 ESPP. Pursuant to such provision, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2024 ESPP will automatically increase on January 1 of each year for a period of 10 years, beginning on January 1, 2025 and continuing through (and including) January 1, 2034, by the lesser of (x) 1% of the total number of shares of the Registrant's common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding year and (y) 750,000 shares, except that, before the date of any such increase, the Registrant's board of directors may determine that the increase for such year will be less than the amount set forth in clauses (x) and (y). The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per unit and proposed maximum aggregate offering price for the 319,235 shares of common stock reserved for grant under the 2024 ESPP are estimated in accordance with Rules 457(c) and 457(h) solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee. The offering price per share and the aggregate offering price are based upon $17.97 per share, which is the average of the high and low selling prices per share of the Registrant's common stock on March 9, 2026 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange multiplied by 85%, which is the percentage of the price per share applicable to purchases under the 2024 ESPP.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| | |
| **Rule 457(p)** | **Rule 457(p)** |
| Fee Offset Claims | N/A |
| Fee Offset Sources | N/A |

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