# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001290677
**File Stem:** 0001437749-26-009811
**Filing Date:** 2026-3
**Character Count:** 170031
**Document Hash:** 19b06f0bc85737b176538f0061685c4b
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001437749-26-009811.hdr.sgml**: 20260325

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001437749-26-009811

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: DEF 14A

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 22

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20260504

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260325

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260325

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Turning Point Brands, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001290677
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** TOBACCO PRODUCTS [2100]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 04 Manufacturing
- **EIN:** 133961898
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** DEF 14A
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-37763
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26793394

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 5201 INTERCHANGE WAY
- **CITY:** LOUISVILLE
- **STATE:** KY
- **ZIP:** 40229
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** (502) 778-4421

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 5201 INTERCHANGE WAY
- **CITY:** LOUISVILLE
- **STATE:** KY
- **ZIP:** 40229

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** North Atlantic Holding Company, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20040517

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? tpb20260224c_def14a.htm

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**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**SCHEDULE 14A**

**Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of**

**the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.)**

Filed by the Registrant ☒

Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

Check the appropriate box:

☐ Preliminary Proxy Statement

☐ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

☒ Definitive Proxy Statement

☐ Definitive Additional Materials

☐ Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12

## Turning Point Brands, Inc.
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

☒ No fee required.

☐ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.

☐ Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.

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![logo_turningpointsm.jpg](logo_turningpointsm.jpg)

March 25, 2026

To our Stockholders:

You are cordially invited to attend the 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Turning Point Brands, Inc. (the "Company") on Monday, May 4, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time. The Annual Meeting will be a virtual meeting conducted solely online via live webcast. We believe a virtual meeting will enable increased stockholder attendance and participation since stockholders can participate from any location around the world. This means that you will be able to participate, ask questions and vote during the Annual Meeting via live webcast by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/TPB2026, and entering the 16-digit control number, located on your proxy card. You will not be able to attend the Annual Meeting in person.

The official Notice of Annual Meeting, Proxy Statement and Proxy Card are enclosed with this letter.

Your vote is very important to the Board of Directors. Please take the time to carefully read each of the proposals for stockholder action described in the accompanying proxy materials. Whether or not you plan to virtually attend, you can ensure that your shares are represented at the meeting by promptly completing, signing and dating your proxy card and returning it in the enclosed postage-paid envelope. Stockholders of record can also vote by touch-tone telephone from the United States, using the toll-free number on the proxy card, or by the Internet, using the instructions on the proxy card. If you attend the meeting, you may revoke your proxy and vote your shares virtually at the meeting.

Directors, officers and other representatives of the Company will be available at the virtual Annual Meeting, and they will be pleased to answer any questions you may have that comply with Annual Meeting rules of conduct.

Your interest and participation in the affairs of the Company are greatly appreciated. Thank you for your continued support.

---

| |
|:---|
| Sincerely, |
| /s/ Graham A. Purdy |
| Graham A. Purdy |
| *President and Chief Executive Officer* |

---

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**TURNING POINT BRANDS, INC.**

**5201 Interchange Way**

**Louisville, Kentucky 40229**

**NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS**

**TO BE HELD MAY 4, 2026**

To the Stockholders:

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Annual Meeting") of Turning Point Brands, Inc. (the "Company") will be a virtual meeting conducted solely online via live webcast on Monday, May 4, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time.

At the Annual Meeting you will be asked to:

• elect ten directors to the Board of Directors, each for a term of one year;

• ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm;

• approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the Company's named executive officers; and

• transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

A Proxy Statement describing matters to be considered at the Annual Meeting is attached to this notice. Only stockholders of record at the close of business on March 12, 2026, are entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting.

---

| |
|:---|
| By Order of the Board of Directors, |
| /s/ Brittani N. Cushman |
| Brittani N. Cushman |
| *General Counsel and Corporate Secretary* |

---

Louisville, Kentucky

March 25, 2026

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**IMPORTANT**

**WHETHER OR NOT YOU EXPECT TO BE PRESENT AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR VOTE USING ONE OF THE VOTING METHODS DESCRIBED IN THE ATTACHED MATERIALS. IF YOU ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING, YOU MAY REVOKE YOUR PROXY AND VOTE YOUR SHARES VIRTUALLY AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS HEREIN.**

**IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE 2026 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON MAY 4, 2026: Our Proxy Statement related to our 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, including the Notice of Annual Meeting, and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2025 are available on our website at www.turningpointbrands.com under the heading "SEC Filings" in the "Financials" tab of the Investor Relations section.** 

The Annual Meeting will be a completely virtual meeting of stockholders conducted exclusively by a live webcast. Stockholders may access the meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/TPB2026, and entering the 16-digit control number, located on your proxy card. The Annual Meeting will begin promptly at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time. We encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time.

You may submit a question at the Annual Meeting by following the instructions on the virtual meeting website or using the ASK A QUESTION box to submit your question(s) at any point during the virtual Annual Meeting (until the floor is closed to questions). We will endeavor to answer as many stockholder-submitted questions as time permits that comply with the Annual Meeting rules of conduct which will be made available prior to the meeting as well as will be available virtually at https://www.turningpointbrands.com/investor-relations/financials/annual-meeting during the meeting. We reserve the right to exclude questions regarding topics that are not pertinent to meeting matters or Company business. If we receive substantially similar questions, we may group such questions together and provide a single response to avoid repetition.

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**Table of Contents**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| [**SUMMARY OF MATTERS REQUIRING STOCKHOLDER ACTION**](#summary) | [1](#summary) |
| [Proposal 1 – Election of Directors](#prop1) | [1](#prop1) |
| [Proposal 2 –](#prop2)[Ratification of the Appointment of the Company's Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm](#prop3) | [1](#prop2) |
| [Proposal 3 –](#prop3)[Advisory Vote to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation ("Say on Pay")](#prop4) | [1](#prop3) |
| [Other Matters](#othermatt) | [2](#othermatt) |
| [**INFORMATION ABOUT PROXIES AND VOTING**](#info) | [3](#info) |
| [Record Date, Voting Securities and Quorum Requirements](#record) | [3](#record) |
| [Solicitation of Proxies](#solicitation) | [3](#solicitation) |
| [Householding](#householding) | [3](#householding) |
| [How to Vote](#howtovote) | [3](#howtovote) |
| [Changing Your Vote](#changing) | [4](#changing) |
| [No Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal](#nodiss) | [4](#nodiss) |
| [**OUR BOARD AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE**](#ourboard) | [5](#ourboard) |
| [Board of Directors](#boardofdir) | [5](#boardofdir) |
| [Current Director Biographies](#currentdir) | [5](#currentdir) |
| [Board Diversity](#boarddiv) | [8](#boarddiv) |
| [Meetings of the Board of Directors](#meetings) | [8](#meetings) |
| [Corporate Governance](#corpgov) | [10](#corpgov) |
| [Committees of the Board](#committees) | [12](#committees) |
| [Consideration of Candidates for Director](#consideration) | [14](#consideration) |
| [Oversight of Environmental, Social and Governance](#oversight) | [15](#oversight) |
| [Compensation of Directors](#compdirector) | [15](#compdirector) |
| [Code of Business Conduct and Ethics](#code) | [16](#code) |
| [Insider Trading Policy](#insidertradingpol) | [16](#insidertradingpol) |
| [Corporate Governance Guidelines](#corpgovguide) | [16](#corpgovguide) |
| [Hedging and Pledging Policy](#hedging) | [16](#hedging) |
| [**SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT**](#secowner) | [17](#secowner) |
| [**EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION**](#executivecomp) | [19](#executivecomp) |
| [Compensation, Discussion & Analysis](#compdiscussion) | [19](#compdiscussion) |
| [Executive Compensation Objectives and Philosophy](#execcomp) | [19](#execcomp) |
| [Elements of Executive Compensation](#elements) | [19](#elements) |
| [Determining Executive Compensation](#determining) | [22](#determining) |
| [Results of 2025 Say-on-Pay Vote](#results) | [22](#results) |
| [Compensation and Talent Committee Report](#compreport) | [22](#compreport) |
| [Executive Compensation Tables](#exectables) | [23](#exectables) |
| [Summary Compensation Table](#sumcomptable) | [23](#exectables) |
| [Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table](#grantsplanbased) | [25](#grantsplanbased) |
| [Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End](#outstandingequity) | [26](#outstandingequity) |
| [Stock Vested/Options Exercised Table](#stockvestedtab) | [27](#stockvestedtab) |
| [2025 Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control Table](#a2023potential) | [28](#a2023potential) |
| [Equity Compensation Plan Information](#equitycomplan) | [29](#equitycomplan) |
| [**PAY VERSUS PERFORMANCE**](#payvperf) | [30](#payvperf) |
| [**PAY RATIO**](#payratio) | [35](#payratio) |
| [**AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT**](#auditreport) | [36](#auditreport) |
| [**CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS**](#certainrel) | [37](#certainrel) |
| [**PRESENTATION OF PROPOSALS**](#present) | [38](#present) |
| [Proposal 1 – Election of Directors](#election) | [38](#election) |
| [Proposal 2 –](#approvalprop2)[Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm](#ratification) | [39](#approvalprop2) |
| [Proposal 3 –](#ratification)[Advisory Vote to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation ("Say on Pay")](#advisory) | [39](#ratification) |
| [**STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS**](#stockhldprop) | [42](#stockhldprop) |
| [**STOCKHOLDERS**' **COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD**](#stockholdcomm) | [42](#stockholdcomm) |
| [**FORM 10-K**](#form10k) | [42](#form10k) |
| [**OTHER BUSINESS**](#otherbus) | [43](#otherbus) |

---

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**TURNING POINT BRANDS, INC.**

**5201 Interchange Way**

**Louisville, Kentucky 40229**

**PROXY STATEMENT**

**ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS**

**TO BE HELD MAY 4, 2026**

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This proxy statement and the accompanying proxy card are being furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the board of directors (the "Board") of Turning Point Brands, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), to be voted at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Annual Meeting") and any adjournments thereof. In this proxy statement, references to the "Company," "we," "us" or "our" refer to Turning Point Brands, Inc.

The Notice of Annual Meeting and accompanying Proxy Statement and Form of Proxy are first being sent or given to all stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting on or about March 25, 2026. This Proxy Statement and the enclosed Form of Proxy, the Notice of Annual Meeting, and the Company's 2025 Annual Report are available on the Internet at https://www.turningpointbrands.com/investor-relations/financials/annual-meeting, on the Annual Meeting website.

The Annual Meeting will be held as a virtual meeting conducted solely online via live webcast on Monday, May 4, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time. You can attend the meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/TPB2026, and entering the 16-digit control number, located on your proxy card.

**SUMMARY OF MATTERS REQUIRING STOCKHOLDER ACTION**

**Proposal 1** – **Election of Directors**

The affirmative vote of a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of the Company's common stock present virtually or represented by proxy is required to elect each nominee. Election by a plurality means that the director nominee with the most votes for the available slot is elected for that slot. You may vote "FOR" each nominee or you may "WITHHOLD AUTHORITY" to vote for each nominee. Unless you "WITHHOLD AUTHORITY" to vote for a nominee, your proxy will be voted "FOR" the election of the individuals nominated as directors. A vote to "WITHHOLD AUTHORITY" will have no effect with respect to the election of directors. This matter is considered non-routine and therefore a broker non-vote will have no effect on the outcome of this proposal.

***The Board recommends that you vote*** "***FOR***" ***each of the director nominees.***

**Proposal 2 - Ratification of the Appointment of the Company**'**s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm**

The proposal to ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026 will be approved if more shares are cast "FOR" ratification than are cast "AGAINST" ratification. You may vote "FOR" or "AGAINST" ratification, or you may "ABSTAIN" from voting on this proposal. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted towards the Annual Meeting quorum requirement. A vote to "ABSTAIN," although counted for purposes of determining whether there is a quorum, will not be voted on this proposal, and accordingly, a vote to "ABSTAIN" will have no effect on the outcome of this proposal. This matter is considered routine and therefore brokers, dealers and nominees will have discretion to vote, even if you do not provide voting instructions.

***The Board recommends that you vote*** "***FOR***" ***the ratification of the appointment of the Company's independent registered public accounting firm.***

**Proposal 3** – **Advisory Vote to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation (**"**Say on Pay**"**)** 

We are providing stockholders with the opportunity to vote to approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement, in accordance with Section 14A of the Exchange Act. The proposal to approve named executive officer compensation will be approved if more shares are cast "FOR" approval than are cast "AGAINST" approval. You may vote "FOR" or "AGAINST" approval, or you may "ABSTAIN" from voting on this proposal. Abstentions will be counted towards the Annual Meeting quorum requirement, but broker non-votes will not. A vote to "ABSTAIN," although counted for purposes of determining whether there is a quorum, will not be voted, and accordingly, a vote to "ABSTAIN" will have no effect on the outcome of this proposal. This matter is considered non-routine and therefore a broker non-vote will have no effect on the outcome of this proposal.

***The Board recommends that you vote*** "***FOR***" ***the approval of the compensation of the Company***'***s named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement.***

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The following table summarizes the minimum vote needed to approve each proposal and the effect of broker non-votes.

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| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Proposal** | **Affirmative Vote Required**<br> **for Approval** | **Broker** <br> **Discretionary** <br> **Voting** <br> **Allowed?** | **Board** <br> **Recommendation** | **Page** <br> **Number** |
| 1. | Election of Directors | Plurality of the votes cast | No | FOR each Director<br> Nominee | [38](#election) |
| 2. | Ratification of the<br> Appointment of the Company's<br> Independent Registered<br> Public Accounting Firm | Majority of the votes cast<br> affirmatively | Yes | FOR | [38](#ratification) |
| 3. | Advisory Vote to Approve<br> Named Executive<br> Officer Compensation | Majority of the votes cast<br> affirmatively | No | FOR | [41](#advisory) |

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**Other Matters**

As of the date of this proxy statement, the Board knows of no matters that will be presented for consideration at the Annual Meeting other than those matters discussed in this proxy statement. If any other matters should properly come before the Annual Meeting and call for a vote of stockholders, validly executed proxies in the enclosed form returned to us will be voted in accordance with the recommendation of the Board, or, in the absence of such a recommendation, in accordance with the judgment of the proxy holders on such matters. Any such additional matter will be approved if more shares present (virtually or by proxy) and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting are voted in favor of such matter than are voted against such matter unless a different standard is required under law or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE").

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**INFORMATION ABOUT PROXIES AND VOTING**

**Record Date, Voting Securities and Quorum Requirements**

The Board has fixed the record date (the "Record Date") for the Annual Meeting as the close of business on March 12, 2026. Only stockholders of record at the close of business on the Record Date will be entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting and at any adjournment or postponement thereof. At the close of business on the Record Date, there were 19,340,722 shares of common stock outstanding, each of which is entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be considered at the Annual Meeting.

The presence virtually or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting. Therefore, a quorum will be present if 9,670,362 shares of our common stock are present at the meeting or represented by executed proxies timely received by us at the Annual Meeting. Shares of common stock represented by properly executed proxies received before the close of voting at the Annual Meeting will be voted as directed by such stockholders, unless revoked as described below.

**Solicitation of Proxies**

The entire cost of soliciting proxies on behalf of the Board will be borne by us. In addition to solicitation by mail, proxies may be solicited personally, by telephone or other means by our directors, officers or employees, who receive no additional compensation for these solicitation activities. We will, upon request, reimburse brokerage houses and persons holding common stock in the names of their nominees for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in sending materials to their principals.

**Householding**

Certain banks, brokers, broker-dealers and other similar organizations acting as nominee record holders may be participating in the practice of "householding." This means that only one copy of this proxy statement may have been sent to multiple stockholders in your household. If you would prefer to receive separate copies of this proxy statement for each stockholder in your household, please contact your bank, broker, broker-dealer or other similar organization serving as your nominee.

Upon request to the General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at the address of 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229, or via telephone at 1-502-774-9238, the Company will promptly provide separate copies of this proxy statement. Company stockholders sharing an address who are receiving multiple copies of this proxy statement and who wish to receive a single copy of these materials in the future will need to contact their bank, broker, broker-dealer or other similar organization serving as their nominee to request that only a single copy of each document be mailed to all stockholders at the shared address in the future.

**How to Vote**

***Stockholders of Record***

If you are a stockholder and your shares are registered directly in your name with our stock transfer agent, EQ Shareowner Services, you are considered the "stockholder of record" of those shares. If you are a stockholder of record, you can give a proxy to be voted at the Annual Meeting:

» over the telephone by calling a toll-free number (1-800-690-6903);

» online (www.proxyvote.com); or

» by completing, signing, dating, and mailing the enclosed proxy card in the envelope provided.

Even if you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we encourage you to submit a proxy and vote prior to the Annual Meeting. If you do give a proxy, we must receive it by 11:59 p.m., eastern daylight time, on May 3, 2026, or your vote will not be recorded. If you prefer, you may instead vote virtually at the meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/TPB2026, and entering the 16-digit control number, located on your proxy card.

The telephone and online voting procedures have been set up for your convenience and are designed to authenticate your identity, enable you to give voting instructions, and confirm that those instructions are recorded properly. If you are a stockholder of record and you would like to vote by telephone or online, please refer to the instructions set forth on the enclosed proxy card.

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By giving your proxy, you authorize the individuals named on the proxy card to vote your shares in accordance with your instructions. These individuals will also have the authority to vote your shares as they see fit on any other matter properly presented for a vote at the Annual Meeting. If for any reason a director nominee is not available to serve, the individuals named as proxy holders may vote your shares at the Annual Meeting for another nominee. The proxy holders for this year's Annual Meeting are Brittani N. Cushman and Brian Wigginton.

***If you are a stockholder of record and you sign and return your proxy card (or give your proxy by telephone or online) without specifying how you want your shares to be voted with respect to any of the three proposals, our proxy holders will vote your shares "FOR" the election of each of the nominees to the Board, "FOR" the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026, and "FOR" the approval of the compensation of the Company's named executive officers. With respect to any other matter that properly comes before the Annual Meeting, the proxy holders will vote your shares as recommended by the Board or, if no recommendation is given, using their own discretion.***

***"Street Name***" ***Stockholders***

If your shares are held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank (known as holding shares in "street name"), you have the right to instruct your broker or bank how to vote your shares, and the broker or bank is required to vote in accordance with your instructions. The broker will provide you with information on how to instruct the brokers to vote on your behalf. To provide those instructions by mail, please complete, sign, date, and return your voting instruction card in the postage-paid envelope provided by your broker or bank. Alternatively, if the broker or bank that holds your shares offers online or telephone voting, you will receive information from your broker or bank about how to submit your voting instructions by those methods. You may also vote virtually at the Annual Meeting, but only if you obtain a "legal proxy" from the broker or bank that holds your shares. Your broker's or bank's deadline for receiving voting instructions from street holders may be earlier than the deadline applicable for record holders to return proxies to the Company.

***If you are a street name stockholder and you do not instruct your broker or bank how to vote, your broker or bank is not permitted to vote your shares on non-routine matters (known as a "broker non-vote") including the election of directors, and the say-on-pay advisory vote. Broker non-votes will count for purposes of determining if a quorum is present but will have no effect on the outcome of the election of directors or the say-on-pay advisory vote. Your broker will have discretionary authority to vote your shares on routine matters. The only routine matter presented at the Annual Meeting is the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026.***

**Changing Your Vote**

If you are a stockholder of record, you may change your vote by submitting another proxy by telephone or online, by mailing another properly signed proxy card bearing a later date than your original one, or by attending the Annual Meeting and casting your vote virtually. You also may revoke a proxy that you previously provided by delivering timely written notice of revocation of your proxy to our Corporate Secretary at 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229.

If you hold your shares in street name and you wish to change or revoke your voting instructions, you will need to follow the instructions in the materials your broker or bank provided to you.

**No Dissenters**' **Rights of Appraisal** 

None of Delaware law (the state of incorporation of Turning Point Brands, Inc.), our certificate of incorporation, as amended, or our bylaws, as amended, provides for appraisal or other similar rights for dissenting stockholders in connection with any of the proposals to be voted upon at the Annual Meeting. Accordingly, our stockholders will have no right to dissent and obtain payment for their share(s).

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**OUR BOARD AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE**

**Board of Directors**

In accordance with our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, the number of directors on the Board is determined from time to time by vote of the Board. Since our last annual meeting our Board has been comprised of ten members. The Board seeks and incorporates shareholder feedback, for a corporate governance structure designed to promote both short-term and long-term shareholder value creation oversight of the Company.

**Current Director Biographies**

 *David E. Glazek*. David E. Glazek has served as Executive Chairman of Turning Point Brands, Inc. since 2023 and he has served as a director of the Company since 2012. He also has over 15 years of experience investing in distressed, special situations and private credit strategies, including as a Partner and Portfolio Manager of Standard General L.P. and Sunago Capital Partners, LP. Mr. Glazek also serves as the Chairman of National CineMedia, Inc. (NASDAQ: NCMI), a Director of Workers Benefit Consortium, Inc., and an Adjunct Professor at Columbia Business School. He previously worked at Lazard Frères & Co., where he focused on mergers and acquisitions and corporate restructuring. Mr. Glazek has also worked at the Blackstone Group. Throughout his career, Mr. Glazek has served on numerous public and private company boards of directors. Mr. Glazek has a BA Economics and Political Science from The University of Michigan, and a JD from Columbia Law School.

We believe Mr. Glazek is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director because of his extensive experience with the Company, significant finance, operations, legal, and public company director experience, and his history of working with consumer facing companies in a variety of industries.

*Graham A. Purdy.* Graham A. Purdy was appointed Chief Executive Officer in October of 2022. Prior to his appointment as CEO, Mr. Purdy served as Chief Operating Officer from 2019 until his appointment to Chief Executive Officer. Since joining the Company in 2004, Mr. Purdy has held various leadership positions. Most recently, he was President of the New Ventures Division. Prior to that, Mr. Purdy was Senior Vice-President Sales where he implemented an industry leading performance management system. Mr. Purdy also launched the highly successful Nu-X new product development engine and led transaction teams for many of the Company's most important strategic initiatives. Before joining TPB, Mr. Purdy spent 7 years at Philip Morris, USA, where he served in senior sales and sales management positions. Mr. Purdy holds an A.B. from California State University, Chico.

We believe Mr. Purdy is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of his 20-plus years with the Company, primarily in leadership roles. In addition, as former Chief Operating Officer, Mr. Purdy provides valuable insight to the Board on our strategic direction. Mr. Purdy also has relevant industry experience, having previously held a position in sales at a large tobacco company, which provides the Board with additional valuable insight into the industry, in general, and the Company, in particular.

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*Gregory H. A. Baxter*. Gregory H. A. Baxter has served as a director of the Company since April 2006. In 2015, Mr. Baxter was elected as a director of Standard Diversified Inc. ("SDI") and served as Executive Chairman of the Board and Interim Chief Executive Officer of SDI until 2020. Mr. Baxter has been an independent corporate finance consultant primarily for middle-market corporations and closely-held businesses since 2005. He works primarily with international clients. Previously, from 2003 to 2005, Mr. Baxter was Managing Director and Head, Hedge Fund Sales and Marketing at Diaz & Altschul Capital Management, where his primary focus was bringing its investment products to prospective corporate and institutional clients. Mr. Baxter was also a member of the Investment Committee. Immediately before joining Diaz & Altschul, he was Managing Director and Head of the Generalist/Cross-Border Mergers & Acquisitions team at SG Cowen Securities Corporation, the U.S. investment bank of French bank, Société Générale from 2000 to 2002. There, he re-established the cross-border effort and worked globally in industries such as food, retail, consumer products, transportation and oil and gas. Mr. Baxter was also a member of the SG Cowen Fairness Opinion Review Committee. Before SG Cowen, he was at Rothschild Inc., the family-owned global investment bank, for almost six years, from 1994 to 2000, where he specialized in advising on industrial/engineering companies, including automotive, domestic and cross-border mergers, acquisitions and divestitures. He was also a founding member of SW Capital, an M&A boutique that specialized in middle-market transactions for Fortune 500 companies. Before that, he was a Vice President of Irving Trust Company's Corporate Financial Counseling Department, providing M&A and other corporate finance advice to the bank's clients. Mr. Baxter holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Victoria in Canada and a Master of Business Administration from the Ivey Business School in London, Canada.

We believe Mr. Baxter is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of his significant experience as a financial consultant and his experience with corporate investments, mergers and acquisitions in a variety of industries.

*John A. Catsimatidis Jr.* John A. Catsimatidis Jr. has served as a director of the Company since May 2024. Mr. Catsimatidis is President and Chief Operating Officer of Red Apple Group and has served in this capacity since January 2024. He continues to be the firm's Chief Investment Officer. Previously, he was Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer from January 2020 to December 2023. He joined Red Apple as Vice President in 2011 and became Executive Vice President in 2017. Red Apple Group is one of the largest privately held companies in North America, founded in 1968. Based in New York, Red Apple Group has leading operating businesses and interests in consumer, energy and refining, investments and insurance, infrastructure, logistics, media and sports, real estate, retail, and technology. Mr. Catsimatidis is also involved in all aspects of Red Apple's portfolio companies. He works closely with Red Apple portfolio companies on forging strategy and effectuating transformational change. He has approximately ten years in private and public company operations and analysis. Additionally, Mr. Catsimatidis is involved in the day-to-day management and decision-making of the Red Apple Group, working with departments including Banking/Treasury, HR, IT, Legal, Security, and Finance. Mr. Catsimatidis has lectured on investing in public and private markets and topics including capital allocation, mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance, and long-term shareholder value creation at the McIntire School of Commerce at the University of Virginia. Mr. Catsimatidis holds a B.S. in Finance and Management from the New York University Stern School of Business.

We believe Mr. Catsimatidis is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of his extensive experience in forging strategies in both public and private companies including his valuable perspectives on the consumer-packaged goods category and the Company's strategic planning and unique consumer-level domain expertise.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*H. C. Charles Diao*. H.C. Charles Diao has served as a director of the Company since November 2012. Mr. Diao is currently SVP Finance and Corporate Treasurer at Bally's Corporation and CFO of Bally's Chicago Inc. with responsibilities for global treasury operations, corporate finance and capital markets, tax, and risk management/insurance. From July 2021 until June 2023, Mr. Diao was Managing Director at Diao & Co. LLC, at which he provided corporate strategic advisory services and managed his family's investments. Until July 2021, Mr. Diao served as Senior Vice President of Finance, Corporate Development and Corporate Treasurer of DXC Technology Company, and previously Vice President and Corporate Treasurer of its predecessor, Computer Science Corp., since 2012, with responsibility for and management of global treasury operations, corporate finance and capital markets, corporate development and M&A, pension plans and risk management/insurance. From 2008 to 2012, Mr. Diao was Managing Director and founder of Diao & Co., LLC, a firm that provided M&A and strategic advisory services to corporate clients, and the Chief Investment Officer of Diao Capital Management LLC, an affiliate that managed alternative investments on behalf of institutional family offices. Mr. Diao was formerly a Senior Managing Director at Bear Stearns where he was the Group Head for Special Situations Credit, a partner within the firm's TMT investment banking practice and a member of the firm's Investment Banking Committee and IPO Committee. Mr. Diao currently serves on the board of directors of Griffon Corporation (NYSE:GFF), and also on the board of directors of Synechron Holdings Ltd., including as Chairman of the Nomination, Governance, and ESG Committee at Synechron. He holds a B.S.E. from Princeton University and a Master of Business Administration from Harvard Business School.

We believe Mr. Diao is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of his prior senior management and director experience, as well as his corporate leadership, financial and operational management experience.

*Ashley Davis Frushone.* Ashley Davis Frushone has served as a director of the Company since September 2018 and has served as our Lead Independent Director since January 2023. Ms. Davis is a founding partner of West Front Strategies LLC, established in January 2015. West Front Strategies LLC is a government relations firm that services clients in the education, financial services, transportation, tax, technology, international trade, energy, homeland security, healthcare, arts, and philanthropy sectors. From 2003 to 2014, Ms. Davis was the Managing Principal at Blank Rome Government Relations, a subsidiary of Blank Rome LLP, a government relations business. Prior to Blank Rome, Ms. Davis worked at the White House as Special Assistant to the Director of Homeland Security and as Deputy Director of Management and Administration from 2001 to 2003. From 1999 to 2000, Ms. Davis served in various roles during the Bush/Cheney presidential campaign. From 1997 to 2000, Ms. Davis was a Senior Associate at Greenlee Partners, a government affairs firm. Ms. Davis holds a Bachelor of Arts from Westminster College, where she also serves on the Board of Trustees, and a Master of International Business from Esade Business School in Spain, the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University, and Fundação Getulio Varga in Brazil.

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We believe Ms. Davis is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of her extensive experience in government relations work, both in and outside of the industry.

*Rohith Reddy*. Rohith Reddy has served as a director of the Company since May 2023. Mr. Reddy has been Vice President and Managing Director On-Premise at Bacardi Limited/U.S.A., Inc. ("Bacardi") since 2022. Bacardi is one of the largest privately held, family-owned spirits companies in the world with a portfolio of more than two hundred brands and labels. Prior to his current position, Mr. Reddy served in several marketing-related roles since joining Bacardi in 2011, including leadership roles on brands such as Bacardi rum, Grey Goose vodka, Patron tequila and Bombay Sapphire gin. Prior to his time at Bacardi, Mr. Reddy held the role of Senior Vice President, Group Account Director at Cavalry, an integrated advertising agency based in Chicago, working on brands such as MillerCoors. He also spent four years in Brand Management at Pabst Brewing Company from 2006 to 2011, where he oversaw the resurgence of several iconic beer brands. Prior to that, he served as Account Supervisor at both Energy BBDO and Leo Burnett. While at Leo Burnett, Mr. Reddy worked on brands such as Kraft and Marlboro. Mr. Reddy received a Bachelor of Science in microbiology from the University of Michigan and a Master of Business Administration in international business strategy from the University of Manchester.

We believe Mr. Reddy is well-qualified to serve as a director of the Company because of his extensive experience in marketing and brand management of goods focused on adult consumers which will provide the Board with additional experience and insight from an adjacent industry.

*Kathleen M. Shanahan.* Kathleen M. Shanahan has served as a director of the Company since May 2025. Ms. Shanahan joined the board of directors of The Mosaic Company (NYSE:MOS) in March 2025 and the board of directors of Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Corporation (NASDAQ:GLDD) in 2018. From 2018 to 2023, Ms. Shanahan was Chief Executive Officer of Turtle & Hughes, Inc., a private, certified women-owned business, which services the industrial, construction, commercial, electrical contracting, export and utility markets. Ms. Shanahan joined the board of directors of HireQuest (NASDAQ:HQI) in 2019 and currently serves on the Audit Committee and as Chair of the Nom/Governance Committee. Ms. Shanahan served as Chair of Ground Works Solutions (previously known as URETEK Holdings, Inc.) from 2011 to 2018, which provides foundation lifting and soil stabilization solutions, and also served as Chief Executive Officer of Ground Works Solutions from 2011 to 2015. Ms. Shanahan served as the Chair and Chief Executive Officer of WRS Infrastructure & Environment, Inc. (d/b/a WRScompass), an environmental engineering and civil construction company, as a member of the board of directors and audit committee of TRC Companies, Inc. (NYSE:TRR) from 2015 to 2017, and as a member of the board of directors and Chair of the Executive Compensation Committee of WCI Communities, Inc. (NYSE:WCI) from 2004 to 2007. Additionally, Ms. Shanahan has held numerous positions in government and public policy, having served on the campaigns and administrations as Chief of Staff for Florida Governor Jeb Bush and for Vice President Dick Cheney; Deputy Secretary of the California Trade and Commerce Agency for California Governor Pete Wilson; special assistant to Vice President George H.W. Bush; and as staff assistant on President Ronald W. Reagan's National Security Council. Ms. Shanahan is a member of Women Corporate Directors and the International Women's forum. She received a Master of Business Administration in Executive Business Administration degree from New York University's Leonard N. Stern School of Business and a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Nutrition Biochemistry and Economics from the University of California, San Diego.

We believe Ms. Shanahan is well qualified to serve as a director of the Company because of extensive leadership experience as a former CEO and Chair of multiple organizations, as well as her significant public company director experience. She has a proven track record in corporate governance, audit, and executive compensation, as well as a strong background in both the private sector and government. Her experience in managing complex operations, coupled with her deep expertise in strategic development and P&L management, positions her as a valuable asset to the Board.

*Stephen Usher.* Stephen Usher has been a director of the Company since March 2021. Mr. Usher has been a Managing Director at BC Partners Credit Investment team since 2022. Mr. Usher was previously head of Global Distribution at Lafayette Square, overseeing the business development activities across all the firm's investment products from 2021 to 2022. Prior to joining Lafayette, Mr. Usher was a partner at Standard General, an investment firm that manages event driven opportunity funds where he managed the firm's business development activity and served as a member of the firm's investment committee. He was formerly a Founding Partner of Serengeti Asset Management. Mr. Usher worked at Goldman Sachs ("Goldman") from 1996 to 2005, during which time he built out Goldman's European bank loan sales and sourcing effort in London and worked for Goldman's distressed bank loan and bond sales and trading group in New York. He began his career at Citibank's leveraged loan sales group. Mr. Usher currently serves on the Board of Directors of Mount Logan Capital (MLC.NE). He has served on several not-for-profit boards and is currently a member of the Board of Directors of The Harlem School of the Arts and is an Advisor to the Investment Committee for the California Endowment. He holds a Bachelor of Arts from Wesleyan University in Middletown, CT, where he is currently a member of the President's Council.

We believe Mr. Usher is well-qualified to continue to serve as director of the Company because of his extensive experience in business development, which will help the Company with strategic decisions and decision-making.

*Lawrence S. Wexler*. Lawrence S. Wexler previously served as the Company's President and CEO from June 2009 until his retirement in January 2022, and as President and Chief Operating Officer of North Atlantic Trading Company, Inc. ("NATC"), our primary operating subsidiary, since June 2006. Before June 2006, Mr. Wexler had been the Chief Operating Officer of NATC since June 2005, and before that, the President and Chief Operating Officer of one of our other subsidiaries beginning December 2003. Mr. Wexler was a consultant to a number of emerging marketing, communication and financial companies, advising them on financial, marketing and strategic matters, at times in an operating role from 1998 to 2003. From 1977 to 1998, he was employed by Philip Morris, USA in various positions in the Sales, Marketing and Finance Departments. As Group Director, Discount Brands, his group introduced the *Basic* and *Alpine* brands. He served as Senior Vice President of Marketing from 1992 to 1993 and Senior Vice President Finance, Planning and Information Services from 1993 until his departure in 1998. Mr. Wexler also serves as a strategic advisor to The Velour Group LLC, a Michigan-based boutique private equity firm engaged in the hands-on incubation of startups, including consumer goods, nutraceuticals, and cannabis. Additionally, Mr. Wexler serves as a board member of EDM, a company engaged in the sale of rolled tortilla chips. Mr. Wexler holds a Bachelor of Science in administrative science from Yale University and a Master of Business Administration from Stanford University

We believe Mr. Wexler is well-qualified to continue to serve as a director of the Company because of his many years of experience at our Company and his prior leadership positions at other companies, both within and outside of our industry. In addition, as former Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Wexler provides valuable insight to the Board on our strategic direction.

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**Board Diversity**

Although the Company does not have a formal policy governing diversity among directors, our Board strives to identify candidates with diverse backgrounds. Our Board recognizes the value of overall diversity and considers members' and candidates' opinions, perspectives, personal and professional experiences, and backgrounds, including gender, race, ethnicity, and country of origin. We believe the judgment and perspectives offered by a diverse board of directors improves the quality of decision-making and enhances the Company's business performance. A majority of our directors and director nominees self-identify as women or people of color. Such diversity, in addition to a range of skills and experiences, can help the Board respond more effectively to the needs of customers, stockholders, employees, suppliers, and other stakeholders. Following feedback from our stockholders at the 2024 Annual Meeting regarding our Board composition, the Board continued its focus on diversity of perspectives in our director recruitment efforts and has increased gender board diversity within the last year, while at the same time enhancing the collective skills and experiences of the Board to best oversee the Company and our strategy on behalf of our stockholders. Additional details about our Board composition can be seen in our Board Diversity Matrix and Director Biographies.

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The table below presents certain self-identified characteristics of our director nominees.

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| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Board Diversity Matrix of Director Nominees** | **Board Diversity Matrix of Director Nominees** | **Board Diversity Matrix of Director Nominees** | **Board Diversity Matrix of Director Nominees** | **Board Diversity Matrix of Director Nominees** |
| Total Number of Directors | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
|  | **Female** | **Male** | **Non-**<br> **Binary** | **Did Not** <br> **Disclose**<br> **Gender** |
| **Part I: Gender Identity** | **Part I: Gender Identity** | **Part I: Gender Identity** | **Part I: Gender Identity** | **Part I: Gender Identity** |
| Directors | 2 | 8 |  |  |
| **Part II: Demographic Background** | **Part II: Demographic Background** | **Part II: Demographic Background** | **Part II: Demographic Background** | **Part II: Demographic Background** |
| African American or Black |  | 2 |  |  |
| Alaskan Native or Native American |  |  |  |  |
| Asian |  | 2 |  |  |
| Hispanic or Latinx |  |  |  |  |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander |  |  |  |  |
| White | 2 | 4 |  |  |
| Two or More Races or Ethnicities |  |  |  |  |
| LGBTQ+ |  |  |  |  |
| Did Not Disclose Demographic Background |  |  |  |  |

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**Executive Officer Biographies** 

Listed below are the executive officers of the Company with the exception of Graham Purdy and David Glazek whose biographical information is included under "Current Director Biographies" above. Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, our board of directors. There are no family relationships between any of the executive officers, and there is no arrangement or understanding between any executive officer and any other person pursuant to which the executive officer was selected.

 *Andrew Flynn*, age 50, joined the Company as our Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer in April 2024. Mr. Flynn previously served as the CFO of Connected Cannabis Co. from September 2021 until March 2024. Prior to joining Connected, from June 2019 until September 2021, Mr. Flynn served in various positions at Juul Labs, including as Senior Vice President. Earlier in his career, Mr. Flynn served as Vice President of Finance at James Hardie Building Products, and Vice President of Finance at Arrow Electronics. Mr. Flynn holds a BS from Indiana University and an MBA from the University of Colorado, Denver.

 *Brittani N. Cushman*, age 41, has been our Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary since November 2020 and has served in various roles in our legal department since joining the Company in October 2014, most recently serving as Senior Vice President of External Affairs. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Cushman spent five years at Xcaliber International, Ltd., L.L.C., where she was most recently the General Counsel, responsible for all legal affairs. Ms. Cushman holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, magna cum laude, in business management from the University of Tulsa and a J.D. from Washington and Lee University School of Law.

*Summer Frein*, age 42, has served as our Senior Vice President, Chief Growth Officer since December 2025, after joining the Company as Chief Marketing Officer in early 2022. In her current role, she is responsible for leading the Company's unified revenue strategy, overseeing marketing and sales to drive profitable growth. Prior to joining Turning Point Brands, Ms. Frein held a variety of senior leadership roles over 15 years at Cronos Group and Altria Group, Inc., with responsibilities spanning sales, digital strategy, marketing, and business development. Most recently, she served as General Manager of Cronos Group, USA, where she led the strategy and execution across sales, marketing, and operations. Ms. Frein holds a Bachelor of Business Administration with a minor in Spanish from the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin. She is also a member of Chief, a private network for women executive leaders.

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**Corporate Governance**

***Board Leadership Structure***

Our Board oversees the management of the Company, reviews our long-term strategic plans and exercises direct decision-making authority in key areas such as choosing the Executive Chairman, as well as the Chief Executive Officer, setting the scope of such officers' authority to manage our business day-to-day, and evaluating his or her performance. David E. Glazek currently serves as Executive Chairman of the Board and Graham A. Purdy serves as CEO.

Our Board believes that there is no single organizational model that would be most effective in all circumstances and that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders for the Board to retain the authority to modify its leadership structure to best address the Company's circumstances from time to time. This allows the Board to review its leadership structure periodically, including when the Company experiences a leadership transition.

Historically, we maintained a Board leadership structure that separated the CEO and Chairman roles and relied on an independent, non-executive chair to provide oversight to management. In connection with Mr. Purdy's election as CEO of the Company in November 2022, the Board determined that while it was appropriate to maintain separate CEO and Chairman roles, Mr. Glazek was initially appointed Executive Chairman, given that the Board determined Mr. Glazek was best situated to assist the Company with the leadership transition in light of Mr. Wexler's nearly 13 years as the Company's CEO and provide more hands-on operational and strategic oversight and act as an executive-level conduit between the CEO and the Board. After continued consideration and the seamless CEO transition, the Board believes this leadership structure remains the most appropriate for the Company at this time.

Recognizing the importance of ensuring independent oversight of the Board by a non-executive, in connection with Mr. Glazek's appointment as Executive Chairman, the Board appointed Ms. Davis as Lead Independent Director in accordance with our corporate governance guidelines which may be found on our website, https://www.turningpointbrands.com/investor-relations/governance/. The Lead Independent Director's primary responsibilities include (i) presiding over executive sessions of independent directors; (ii) calling meetings of the independent directors; (iii) developing and approving, together with the Executive Chairman, the agenda for Board meetings; (iv) serving as liaison between the Executive Chairman and CEO, on the one hand, and the independent directors, on the other hand; and (v) performing such other duties that are requested by the Board. The Lead Independent Director is also available for discussions with the Company's stockholders.

In addition to the role that the Lead Independent Director has with regard to the Board, the chair of each of the three independent committees of the Board (Audit Committee, Compensation and Talent Committee ("Compensation Committee") and Nominating and Governance Committee) and each individual director is responsible for helping to ensure that meeting agendas are appropriate and that sufficient time and information are available to address issues that the directors believe are significant and warrant their attention. Each director has the opportunity and ability to request agenda items, information and additional meetings of the Board or of the independent directors.

Each director is to hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Vacancies and newly created directorships on the Board may be filled at any time by vote of the remaining directors.

Under our certificate of incorporation, for so long as we or one of our subsidiaries is party to certain distribution agreements with Republic Technology International SAS ("RTI"), no person who is an RTI competitor (as defined in our certificate of incorporation) or who is an officer, director or representative of an RTI competitor or any entity that owns more than a 20% equity interest in an RTI competitor will be entitled to serve on the Board. We may require that any director or nominee for director certify that he or she is not disqualified from service on the Board pursuant to these provisions, and the Board is authorized to make such reasonable determinations as shall be necessary to implement the above limitation.

***Meetings of the Board of Directors***

The Board met on eleven occasions during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, acted by unanimous written consent three times, and each incumbent director attended all meetings of the Board and its committees on which such director served during the director's period of service, with the exception of Ms. Davis who missed one meeting. Executive sessions of non-employee directors, without management directors or employees present, are typically scheduled in conjunction with each regularly scheduled Board meeting. Ms. Davis, our Lead Independent Director of the Board, presides over these sessions. During 2025, there were five executive sessions.

Although the Company does not have a formal policy governing director attendance at the annual meeting of stockholders, attendance is strongly encouraged and each member of the Board attended the Company's 2025 annual meeting of stockholders, and the Company expects all members of the Board to attend the Annual Meeting.

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***Stockholder Engagement and Responsiveness***

Sustaining long-term relationships with our stockholders remains a key priority for the Board, and we seek stockholder input and feedback. Feedback we received from our engagement with stockholders in 2025 was shared with the Board and members of senior management.

Key discussion topics from these conversations included board diversity, director independence and the previously identified material weakness, which was remediated during the year 2025.

Following our conversations, we addressed these key topics through additions to board diversity and skill sets to effectively oversee our strategy, and reviewing committee composition to ensure appropriate independence.

These conversations continue to inform the Board's actions to ensure alignment with governance best practices, strengthen relationships with our stockholders, and reinforce our commitment to be responsive to their feedback.

***Risk Oversight***

Risk is inherent with every business, and how well a business manages risk can ultimately determine its success. The Company faces a number of risks, including but not limited to, economic, environmental, social and regulatory risks, and others such as the impact of competition and cybersecurity. While management is responsible for the day-to-day management of risks the Company faces, the Board, as a whole and through its committees, is responsible for overseeing the Company's risk management strategies, including determining whether the risk management processes designed by management are adequate and functioning as intended.

The Board believes that establishing the right "tone at the top" and full and open communications between management and the Board are essential for effective risk management and oversight. The Board is informed about risk management matters as part of its role in the general oversight and approval of corporate matters. The Board gives guidance to the Company's management on the risks it believes the Company faces, such as the matters disclosed as risk factors in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Board also receives regular updates on information technology risks. The Company's information security programs are also subject to regular external audits.

Through the Audit Committee's charter, the Board has authorized the Audit Committee to oversee the Company's risk assessment and risk management policies, including technology and cybersecurity related risks. The Audit Committee, in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities, regularly and comprehensively (i) reviews and discusses with management and the independent registered public accounting firm any significant risks or exposures and assesses the steps management has taken to minimize such risks, (ii) discusses with management and the independent registered public accounting firm, and oversees the Company's underlying policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management, and (iii) reviews and discusses with the independent registered public accounting firm any significant risks identified during the registered public accounting firm's risk assessment procedures.

Through the Compensation Committee's charter, the Board has authorized the Compensation Committee to oversee officer compensation programs. The Compensation Committee, in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities, designs the compensation packages applicable to the Company's executive officers. The Compensation Committee also consults with management on setting performance goals, the payments of bonuses and grants of equity awards to key employees.

The Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee jointly perform an annual risk assessment of our compensation programs for all employees to determine whether these programs encourage unnecessary or excessive risk taking. In conducting this review, each of our compensation programs is evaluated on a number of criteria aimed at identifying any incentive programs that deviate from our risk management objectives. Based on this review in 2025, the committees concluded that we have the right combination of rewards and incentives to drive company performance, without encouraging unnecessary or excessive risk taking by our employees.

The Board's oversight roles, including the roles of the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee, combined with the leadership structure of the Board, allow the Board to effectively administer risk management policies while also effectively and efficiently addressing Company objectives.

***Cybersecurity Risk Oversight***

As noted above, our Audit Committee has direct oversight of our management of cybersecurity risks. Under the direction and supervision of our Chief Financial Officer, we conduct an annual comprehensive enterprise risk assessment, which includes cybersecurity risks. The Board receives the full results of the annual enterprise risk assessment, including an evaluation of cybersecurity risks presented and a detailed description of the actions we have taken to mitigate these risks. Our Cybersecurity Steering Committee reviews the results of any enterprise risk assessment with management bimonthly, and with the Board quarterly, or otherwise when risks are identified. Management provides a comprehensive update to the Audit Committee on cybersecurity threats and risk mitigation at least annually, and more frequently as relevant. For additional information on our cybersecurity risk oversight, please refer to Item 1C of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

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***Director Independence***

Our Board, upon recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Committee, has determined that Mr. Baxter, Mr. Catsimatidis, Mr. Diao, Ms. Davis, Mr. Reddy, Ms. Shanahan, and Mr. Usher are "independent directors" under applicable NYSE and U.S. Securities & Exchange ("SEC") rules and the Company's Corporate Governance guidelines. The Board believes that these directors are also "independent" as that term is defined in the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder. Mr. Baxter became an independent director in July 2023, and Mr. Glazek also served as an independent member of the Board prior to his appointment as Executive Chairman.

**Committees of the Board**

Our Board has three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Governance Committee. Under the rules of NYSE, the Audit Committee is required to consist entirely of independent directors based on enhanced criterion for Audit Committee member independence under NYSE and SEC rules. In addition, under applicable NYSE and SEC rules, our Compensation Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee are required to consist entirely of independent directors.

The Board also forms special committees and subcommittees from time to time.

The following is a brief description of our standing Board committees.

***Audit Committee***

During 2025, our Audit Committee was comprised of Mr. Diao, Ms. Davis, Ms. Shanahan, and Mr. Usher, each of whom continues to sit on the committee since March 2025. Each of the committee's members satisfies the financial literacy requirements under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing standards of the NYSE. Mr. Diao serves as chair of the Audit Committee. The Board has determined that Mr. Diao qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" as such term is defined under applicable rules of the SEC. The Audit Committee also satisfies (and in 2025 satisfied) the member independence and other requirements under current NYSE listing standards and SEC rules. Our Audit Committee, among other things, is responsible for:

• selecting a qualified firm to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements;

• the quality and integrity of our financial statements, our financial reporting process and our systems of internal accounting and financial records;

• helping to ensure the independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm;

• discussing the scope and results of the audit with the independent registered public accounting firm, and reviewing, with management and the independent registered public accounting firm, our interim and year-end results of operations;

• developing procedures for employees to submit concerns anonymously about questionable accounting or audit matters;

• overseeing the Company's risk assessment and risk management policies, including responsibility for technology and cybersecurity-related risks, and, together with the Compensation Committee, compensation-related risks;

• the performance of our internal audit function;

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• reviewing related party transactions;

• preparing the audit committee report for inclusion in the annual proxy statement; and

• approving or, as required, pre-approving, all audit and all permissible non-audit services, other than de minimis non-audit services, to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm.

Our Audit Committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE. Our Audit Committee charter may be found at our website, *www.turningpointbrands.com*, in the "Investor Relations" section. The Audit Committee met five times during 2025

***Material Weakness Remediation***

As previously reported, the Company had identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting, related to ineffective information technology general controls ("ITGCs") in the areas of user access and program change management over certain information technology systems that support the Company's financial reporting processes.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

During 2024, management implemented and tested remediation measures designed to address the control deficiencies. These measures included enhancing user access review controls, adding new personnel, implementing additional monitoring activities, and providing supplemental training to relevant personnel. Management completed its testing of the design and operating effectiveness of these controls during 2025.

Based on the successful implementation and testing of these remediation efforts, management concluded that the previously identified material weakness was fully remediated as of December 31, 2025.

***Role of the Audit Committee in Material Weakness Remediation***

The Audit Committee of the Board actively oversaw the remediation of the material weakness. Working closely with management, as well as with the Company's internal audit, finance team, and independent auditors, the Audit Committee monitored and evaluated the remediation.

***Compensation and Talent Committee***

During 2025, our Compensation and Talent Committee (the "Compensation Committee") was composed of Mr. Usher, as Chair of the Compensation Committee, Mr. Catsimatidis and Mr. Reddy. Each of the current members of the Compensation Committee satisfies the member independence requirements under current NYSE listing standards and SEC rules.

Our Compensation Committee, among other things, is responsible for:

• reviewing, approving and determining, or making recommendations to our Board regarding, the compensation of our executive officers;

• administering our equity compensation plans;

• jointly, with the Audit Committee, performing an annual risk assessment of our compensation programs for all employees;

• reviewing, approving and making recommendations to our Board regarding incentive compensation and equity compensation plans;

• establishing and reviewing general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees; and

• overseeing potential risks associated with our compensation programs and policies.

Our Compensation Committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE. Our Compensation Committee charter may be found at our website, *www.turningpointbrands.com*, in the "Investor Relations" section. The Compensation Committee met two times during 2025.

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***Nominating and Governance Committee***

Our Nominating and Governance Committee is composed of Ms. Davis, Mr. Diao and Mr. Reddy. Ms. Davis serves as the Nominating and Governance Committee chair. The Nominating and Governance Committee satisfies the member independence requirements under current NYSE listing standards and SEC rules. Our Nominating and Governance Committee is, among other things, responsible for:

• identifying, evaluating and selecting, or making recommendations to our Board regarding, nominees for election to our Board and its committees;

• evaluating the performance of our Board and of individual directors;

• considering and making recommendations to our Board regarding the composition of our Board and its committees;

• reviewing developments in corporate governance practices;

• reviewing and recommending to the Board for approval any changes in the compensation of directors;

• evaluating the adequacy of our corporate governance practices and reporting;

• developing and making recommendations to our Board regarding corporate governance guidelines and matters; and

• overseeing environmental and social matters as they pertain to the Company's business and long-term strategy.

Our Nominating and Governance Committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE. Our Nominating and Governance Committee charter may be found at our website, *www.turningpointbrands.com*, in the "Investor Relations" section. The Nominating and Governance Committee met twice during 2025.

**Consideration of Candidates for Director**

The Nominating and Governance Committee may identify potential candidates for nomination as a director using a variety of sources, including recommendations from current Board members, our management, stockholders or contacts in communities served by the Company, or by conducting a formal search using an outside search firm selected and engaged by the Nominating and Governance Committee.

Any stockholder wishing to submit a candidate for consideration should send the Corporate Secretary, at 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229, the information detailed in Section 1.4 of our bylaws, which includes, among other items, the name of the candidate, age, contact information, present principal occupation or employment, qualifications and skills, background, last five years' employment and business experience, a description of current or previous service as director of any corporation or organization, other relevant biographical information, the nominee's consent to serve on the Board, and all other information relating to such person as would be required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act as well as any other information required under the Company's bylaws. A stockholder nominee will be requested to complete a detailed questionnaire on the form that current directors and officers complete.

The Nominating and Governance Committee seeks to achieve a balance of knowledge, experience, diversity and capability on the Board, and in assessing nominees, considers such factors as it deems in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders. Though diversity is not defined in the Company's Corporate Governance Guidelines or in the Nominating and Governance Committee's charter, each of which can be found at our website, www.turningpointbrands.com, in the "Investor Relations" section, diversity is broadly interpreted by the Board to include viewpoints, background, experience, industry knowledge and geography, as well as more traditional characteristics of diversity, such as race and gender. The manner in which the Nominating and Governance Committee evaluates a potential nominee will not differ based on whether the nominee is recommended by a stockholder of the Company.

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**Oversight of Environmental, Social and Governance Matters**

The Nominating and Governance Committee oversees the environmental, social and governance matters as they pertain to the Company's business and long-term strategy and identifies and brings to the attention of the Board current and emerging trends and issues impacting the business operations, performance and public image of the Company. The Nominating and Governance Committee meets to oversee Company strategy and implementation of efforts related to environmental, social and governance factors, with management engagement.

**Compensation of Directors**

As described more fully below, the following table summarizes the total compensation earned for fiscal year 2025 for each of the non-employee directors.

During 2025, our non-employee directors received an annual cash retainer of $80,000 and restricted stock units ("RSUs") with an award value of $80,048 which vest one year from the grant date, for each non-employee director serving on the Board. Audit Committee members received an additional $10,000 annual cash retainer ($20,000 for the Audit Committee Chair). Additionally, Nominating and Governance Committee members received an additional annual cash retainer of $5,000, with the Nominating and Governance Committee Chair receiving an additional cash retainer of $10,000; Compensation Committee members received an additional annual cash retainer of $5,000, with the Compensation Committee Chair receiving an additional cash retainer of $10,000. Upon appointment as Lead Independent Director, Ms. Davis began receiving an annual cash retainer of $30,000 in addition to the $10,000 annual cash retainer she receives as a member of the Audit Committee. No meeting fees are paid separately. Mr. Glazek and Mr. Purdy do not receive separate compensation for their service on the Board, and their compensation for 2025 is reported in the Summary Compensation Table.

The following table summarizes information about director compensation for the year ended December 31, 2025.

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Fees earned** | **Fees earned** |  |
|  | **or paid in** | **or paid in** |  |
|  | **cash** | **RSUs** | **Total** |
| **Name** | **($)** | **($)** | **($)** |
| Gregory H. A. Baxter <sup>(1)</sup> | 83750 | 80048 | 163798 |
| John A. Catsimatidis, Jr. <sup>(2)</sup> | 85000 | 80048 | 165048 |
| H.C. Charles Diao <sup>(3)</sup> | 105000 | 80048 | 185048 |
| Ashley Davis Frushone <sup>(4)</sup> | 130000 | 80048 | 210048 |
| Rohith Reddy <sup>(5)</sup> | 89997 | 80048 | 170045 |
| Kathleen M. Shanahan <sup>(6)</sup> | 60000 | 80048 | 140048 |
| Stephen Usher <sup>(7)</sup> | 100000 | 80048 | 180048 |
| Lawrence S. Wexler <sup>(8)</sup> | 80000 | 80048 | 160048 |

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(1) Mr. Baxter received $83,750 cash, composed of Board member fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(2) Mr. Catsimatidis received $85,000 cash, composed of Board member fees and Compensation Committee fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(3) Mr. Diao received $105,000 cash, composed of Audit Committee chair fees and Nominating and Governance Committee fees and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(4) Ms. Davis received $130,000 cash, composted of Board member fees, Audit Committee fees, Nominating and Governance Committee Chair fees and Lead Independent Director fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(5) Mr. Reddy received $89,997 cash, composed of Board member fees, Nominating and Governance Committee fees and Compensation Committee fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(6) Ms. Shanahan received $60,000 cash, composed of Board member fees and Audit Committee fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(7) Mr. Usher received $100,000 cash, composed of Board member fees, Compensation Committee chair fees and Audit Committee fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

(8) Mr. Wexler received $80,000 cash, composed of Board member fees, and 1,058 RSUs valued at $80,048.

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**Code of Business Conduct and Ethics**

Our Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our directors and employees, including our executive officers. A copy of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at *www.turningpointbrands.com* in the "Investor Relations" section. We intend to disclose on our website any amendments to our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or waivers of its requirements that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions.

**Corporate Governance Guidelines** 

Our Board has adopted corporate governance guidelines that serve as a flexible framework within which our Board and its committees operate. These guidelines cover a number of areas including, the size and composition of the Board, Board leadership structure, Board membership criteria and director qualifications, director responsibilities, meetings of independent directors, committee responsibilities and assignments, Board member access to management and independent advisors, director communications with third parties, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, and evaluation of senior management and management succession planning. A copy of our corporate governance guidelines is available on our website at *www.turningpointbrands.com* in the "Investor Relations" section.

**Insider Trading Policy**

Our Board has adopted a Securities Trading Policy that applies to all of our directors and employees, including our executive officers. A copy of our Securities Trading Policy is filed as exhibit 19.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

*Hedging and Pledging Policy*

The Company's Securities Trading Policy prohibits insiders (as defined in the policy) from pledging securities issued by the Company as collateral for a loan without the consent of the chair of the Audit Committee. In addition, the Securities Trading Policy prohibits insiders from purchasing the Company's common stock on margin, short-selling the Company's common stock, or buying or selling put and call options on the Company's common stock.

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**SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT**

The tables below set forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock by:

• Each person or entity known to us who beneficially owns five percent or more of the common stock;

• Each of our directors, nominees and named executive officers; and

• All of our directors and executive officers as a group.

Other than with respect to the common stock beneficially owned by beneficial owners of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding common stock, the table below states beneficial ownership as of March 12, 2026. As of March 12, 2026, 19,340,722 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. The amounts and percentages of common stock beneficially owned are reported on the basis of the regulations of the SEC governing the determination of beneficial ownership of securities. Under these rules, a person is deemed to be a beneficial owner of a security if that person has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting of such security, or investment power, which includes the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition of such security. A person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any securities of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days. Under these rules, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same securities. Included in the amount of common stock beneficially owned are shares of common stock subject to exercisable options or options that will become exercisable within 60 days of March 12, 2026. The calculation of the percentage owned by each person assumes that all vested options or options vesting within 60 days of March 12, 2026, if any, held by such person have been exercised. The calculation of percent owned by all directors and executive officers as a group assumes that all vested options beneficially held by them have been exercised.

**Turning Point Brands, Inc.** 

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  | **Percentage of** |
|  |  | **Shares** | **Share** |
|  |  | **Beneficially** | **Beneficially** |
| **Name of Beneficial Holder<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Position or Title of Beneficial Holder** | **Owned** | **Owned** |
| The Vanguard Group, Inc. <sup>(3)</sup> | Principal Stockholder | 1404963 | 7.3% |
| BlackRock, Inc. <sup>(2)</sup> | Principal Stockholder | 1358204 | 7.0% |
| Graham A. Purdy | President & Chief Executive Officer, Director | 227914 | 1.2% |
| Brittani N. Cushman <sup>(4)</sup> | Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary | 61112 | \* |
| Andrew Flynn | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer | 1944 | \* |
| Summer Frein <sup>(5)</sup> | Senior Vice President, Chief Growth Officer | 24346 | \* |
| Gregory H.A. Baxter <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 38919 | \* |
| John A. Catsimatidis Jr. <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 13473 | \* |
| H. C. Charles Diao <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 9804 | \* |
| Ashley Davis Frushone <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 7499 | \* |
| David E. Glazek <sup>(7)</sup> | Director | 253299 | 1.3% |
| Rohith Reddy <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 5500 | \* |
| Kathleen M. Shanahan <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 1058 | \* |
| Stephen Usher <sup>(6)</sup> | Director | 4175 | \* |
| Lawrence S. Wexler <sup>(8)</sup> | Director | 403359 | 2.1% |
| Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (13 persons) <sup>(9)</sup> | Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (13 persons) <sup>(9)</sup> | 1052402 | 5.4% |

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\* Indicates less than 1%

(1) Unless otherwise noted, the address for the persons listed in this column is 5201 Interchange Way Louisville, Kentucky 40229.

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(2) This information is based solely on Amendment No. 2 to Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on April 24, 2025. Blackrock has sole voting power with respect to 1,337,717 shares of the Company's common stock and sole dispositive power with respect to 1,358,204 shares of the Company's common stock. The address for BlackRock, Inc. is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001.

<sup>(3)</sup> This information is based solely on Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 13, 2024. The Vanguard Group has shared voting power with respect to 31,938 shares of the Company's common stock, sole dispositive power with respect to 1,358,858 shares of the Company's common stock The address for The Vanguard Group is 100 Vanguard Blvd., Malvern, PA 19355.

(4) Includes 23,300 shares subject to exercisable stock options and 8,716 shares of common stock deferred into the Company Non-Qualified Deferred Plan, which will be settled in accordance with the terms thereof.

(5) Includes 4,139 shares subject to exercisable stock options.

(6) Includes 1,058 restricted stock units that vest within 60 days. 

(7) Includes 101,808 shares subject to exercisable stock options and 73,380 shares of common stock deferred into the Company Non-Qualified Deferred Plan, which will be settled in accordance with the terms thereof.

(8) Includes 114,719 shares subject to exercisable stock options and 1,058 restricted stock units that vest within 60 days.

(9) Includes 243,966 shares subject to exercisable stock options, 82,096 shares of common stock deferred into the Company Non-Qualified Deferred Plan, which will be settled in accordance with the terms thereof and 8,464 restricted stock units that vest within 60 days.

**Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance**

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company's directors and officers, and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of the Company's equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of stock ownership and reports of changes in stock ownership and to provide the Company with copies of all such filed forms. Based solely on its review of such copies or written representations from reporting persons, the Company believes that all reports were filed on a timely basis during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, with the exception of one report by: Lawrence S. Wexler, who filed a late Form 4 on March 4, 2026, to report the donation of 2,800 shares of common stock to a donor advised fund on December 26, 2025.

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**EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION**

**Compensation, Discussion & Analysis** 

This compensation, discussion and analysis (this "CD&A") addresses our executive compensation program for our "named executive officers" identified below.

Our named executive officers during 2025 were:

• Graham A. Purdy, our President & Chief Executive Officer;

• David E. Glazek, our Executive Chairman;

• Andrew Flynn, Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer;

• Brittani N. Cushman, our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary; and

• Summer Frein, our Senior Vice President & Chief Growth Officer.

**Executive Compensation Objectives and Philosophy**

One objective of our executive compensation program is to attract and retain qualified, energetic employees who are enthusiastic about our mission and culture. A further objective is to provide incentives and reward each senior executive for his or her contribution to our growth and operating and financial improvement. In addition, we strive to (i) promote an ownership mentality among key leadership executives, (ii) design compensation to appropriately balance risk and reward in the context of the Company's business environment and long-range business plans, and (iii) be responsive to the Company's succession planning objectives.

**Elements of Executive Compensation**

Elements of executive compensation include: salary, annual cash bonus, equity-based compensation, and other benefits, such as welfare benefits, a Company match to our 401(k) defined contribution plan (including contributions to our Restoration Plan (discussed below), where applicable) and other retirement benefits. Each of the named executive officers is party to an individual employment agreement with us. Individual elements of compensation and the applicable compensation arrangements are described in more detail below.

*Salary*

The purpose of providing base salaries is to provide a fixed, baseline level of cash compensation that is designed to compensate the named executive officers for their day-to-day duties and responsibilities. The base salary levels of each of our named executive officers is reviewed by the Compensation Committee on an annual basis. Each current named executive officers' base salary is set forth below:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Executive Name** | **2025 Annual Base Salary** | **2026 Annual Base Salary** |
| Graham A. Purdy | $750000 | $750000 |
| Andrew Flynn | $400000 | $450000 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | $360706 | $360706 |
| David E. Glazek<sup>(1)</sup> | N/A | N/A |
| Summer Frein | $382500 | $382500 |

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(1) Mr. Glazek does not receive an annual base salary for his services as Executive Chairman.

*Annual Cash Bonus*

The purpose of providing an annual cash bonus opportunity is to motivate executive officers to achieve short-term strategic and financial goals and to incentivize individual behavior that is aligned with near-term operations.

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Our executive compensation program is designed to reward business success and each named executive officer's contribution to our operating and financial performance. In measuring an executive's contribution to us, our Board considers our growth and various financial metrics. We also consider an executive's performance in managing us in light of general economic conditions, as well as specific company, industry and competitive conditions. Our named executive officers are eligible to earn an incentive bonus payment under our Management Bonus Program based on the Board's assessment of our financial performance and individual performance. The incentive bonus compensation paid to the named executive officers in 2026 based on 2025 results was based upon final financial performance as assessed by the Board based upon our audited 2025 financial statements and such officer's individual performance in 2025.

The Compensation Committee established a target annual bonus opportunity for each named executive officer, which is based on a specified percentage of such executive officer's base salary. Each named executive officer's target annual bonus for 2025 and actual bonus earned in respect of 2025 results is set forth in the table below:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2025 Target Annual Bonus** |  |
| **Executive Name** | **(% of Base Salary)** | **2025 Annual Bonus Paid** |
| Graham A. Purdy<sup>(1)</sup> | 100% | $750000 |
| Andrew Flynn | 50% | $220000 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 50% | $180353 |
| David E. Glazek | N/A | N/A |
| Summer Frein | 50% | $172125 |

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(1) Mr. Purdy received a 2025 bonus valued at $750,000, which was paid through the issuance of 8,638 restricted stock units (RSUs) under the Company's 2021 Equity Incentive Plan in lieu of cash.

The Compensation Committee did not establish a target annual 2025 bonus opportunity for Mr. Glazek. In order to continue to retain and incentivize Mr. Glazek and ensure he is provided with appropriate short-term compensation opportunities commensurate with his role and responsibilities to the Company, during 2025 the Compensation Committee awarded Mr. Glazek a retention-based deferred bonus opportunity of $1,500,000, which will be paid in the form of employer credits under Company's Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan. This bonus cliff-vests on December 31, 2027.

*Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation* 

The purpose of providing long-term equity-based compensation is to ensure complete alignment between our executive officers and our stockholders, which is achieved by virtue of the fact that the value ultimately realized by the executive officers from payouts under equity-based compensation programs is directly tied to our stock price when such amount is paid.

In April 2015, we adopted the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2015 Plan"). The 2015 Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee to provide equity-based or other incentive-based compensation for the purpose of attracting and retaining directors, employees and certain consultants and providing our directors, employees and such consultants incentives and rewards for superior performance. At the Annual Meeting held in 2021, the Company's stockholders approved a 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2021 Plan"), and no awards will be made under the 2015 Plan going forward.

Historically, executive officers have received long-term equity-based compensation in the form of stock options, time-based restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units ("PRSUs"). Stock options have generally vested over a three-year period subject to the executive's employment with the Company on the applicable vesting date. PRSUs have typically been granted subject to vesting at the end of a five-year performance period, based on the level of achievement of ROIC goals established at the beginning of the applicable performance period. PRSUs offer the named executive officers a financial interest in the Company and serve to retain the named executive officers as the awards vest upon satisfaction of a specific performance measure at a pre-determined time. In determining the grant date value of awards, the Compensation Committee determines a target grant date value for each executive officer, which generally represents a percentage of the executive officer's base salary.

In May 2023, the Compensation Committee considered and adopted a new design feature for 2023 equity-based awards. Specifically, 2023 awards were made in the form of time-based RSUs and PRSUs. The time-based RSUs will vest over three years. RSUs are subject to continued employment through the applicable vesting date. The PRSUs will vest based on achievement of cumulative adjusted EBITDA growth targets measured over a three-year period. RSU's and PSU's granted during 2025 were based on the same design construct, with updated targets based on current financial projections.

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During 2025, we granted the following stock options, RSUs and PRSUs to our named executive officers:

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| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number** | **Grant Date Value** | **Number of** | **Grant Date Value of** | **Number** | **Grant Date Value** |
| **Executive Name** | **of PRSUs** | **of PRSUs** | **Stock Options** | **Stock Options** | **of RSUs** | **of RSUs** |
| Graham A. Purdy | 12795 | $900000 |  |  | 8530 | $600000 |
| Andrew Flynn | 3412 | $240000 |  |  | 2275 | $160024 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 3078 | $216507 |  |  | 2051 | $144267 |
| David E. Glazek | 8318 | $585088 |  |  | 20465 | $1390003 |
| Summer Frein | 3263 | $229519 |  |  | 2175 | $152990 |

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Pursuant to the terms of his Executive Chairman Agreement, Mr. Glazek does not receive an annual base salary. In lieu of receiving an annual base salary for 2025, Mr. Glazek received an equity-based award of restricted stock units having an award value of $1,000,000, vesting on the one year anniversary date of the grant date, subject to his continued service, subject to certain exceptions for involuntary terminations of service.

*Other Benefits and Executive Compensation Policies*

*Welfare Benefits*

We provide the named executive officers with health, dental and vision insurance plans, term life and disability insurance. Senior executives may generally elect to participate in these plans on the same basis and terms as all employees.

*401(k) Matching Contributions*

We provide a company match to the 401(k) defined contribution plan to all eligible employees. For the 2025, 2024 and 2023 401(k) plan years, we contributed 4% of the participant's annual base salary to those eligible salaried employees contributing 4% or greater of their salary. For those eligible salaried employees contributing less than 4% of annual base salary, we matched the contribution by 100%. In each of 2025, 2024 and 2023, we also made a discretionary contribution equal to 1% of the participant's annual base salary to those eligible salaried employees.

*Restoration Plan*

We adopted a Restoration Plan in 2013 (the "Restoration Plan") to give parity in benefits to executives with those benefits offered to employees generally via our 401(k) defined contribution plan. The Restoration Plan credits bookkeeping liability accounts for selected executives each year in amounts equal to amounts those executives would otherwise have been credited under the 401(k) plan. The Code allowed only up to $330,000 (in 2024; indexed each year) in total compensation to be considered in allocating contributions to a tax-qualified plan, so credits will be made to the non-qualified Restoration Plan for selected executives on compensation paid above that level, at the same percentage rate as applies to employees generally on pay below that level through the 401(k) plan. Amounts credited to the Restoration Plan grow based on the S&P 500 equity index returns each year. Benefits accrued under the Restoration Plan are not set aside in a trust account and cannot be paid to the covered executive officer until the seventh month after termination of employment, at which time benefits are forfeited if the termination is deemed for "cause." Notwithstanding the foregoing restriction on acceleration of payment, we may elect, in our sole discretion and without the covered executive's consent, to pay the balance of an executive's benefits to the executive in a lump sum at any time so long as the payment results in the termination and liquidation of the executive's entire account under the Restoration Plan and the payment does not exceed applicable dollar amounts under Code Section 402(g)(1)(B). Each of the named executive officers participates in the Restoration Plan.

The Company determined to suspend the Restoration Plan at the end of 2024 and has adopted a Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan which became effective during 2024.

*Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan*

Commencing in 2024, we adopted a Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the "NQDCP"). All of our executive officers are eligible to participate in the NQDCP. Under the NQDCP, eligible participants may elect to defer up to 80% of annual base salary, up to 80% of any earned annual bonus, and up to 100% of any earned RSUs or PSUs. The NQDCP allows the company to make discretionary employer credits subject to an applicable vesting period set forth in the adoption agreement. Distributions under the NQDCP will be made in cash and will be made at the time(s) specified in the NQDCP and any applicable election form.

*Personal Benefits*

From time to time, we provide personal benefits to our named executive officers to the extent such benefits are appropriate and aligned with our business objectives. The Company does not provide excessive perquisites or personal benefits to the named executive officers in respect of 2025.

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*Tax and Accounting Considerations* 

The Committee considers the tax and accounting effects of compensation elements when designing the Company's incentive and equity compensation plans. In order to maintain flexibility in compensating executive officers, however, the Committee has not adopted a policy that all compensation must be deductible for federal income tax purposes.

*Clawback Policy*

Effective October 30, 2023, the Company adopted a clawback policy to align with listing rules adopted by NYSE as required by the SEC. The policy applies to all executive officers (as defined under the applicable rules) and requires the Company to seek to recoup certain incentive-based compensation, whether cash- or equity-based, from current or former officers and in the event that the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws.

*Grant Practices and Policies*

The Compensation Committee approves all equity grants for executive officers. Annual equity grants are typically approved during the first quarter of each fiscal year. Outside of the annual grant cycle, we may make restricted stock unit awards in connection with a new hire package, retention grant or other off-cycle award. To determine the number of RSUs and PSUs to be granted, each employee's applicable target grant date value is divided by the closing price of a share of our common stock on the grant date. The Company does not grant such options in anticipation of the release of material nonpublic information that is likely to result in changes to the price of our common stock. We do not grant stock options (i) during trading blackout periods, or (ii) at any time during the four business days prior to or the one business day following the filing of our periodic reports or the filing or furnishing of a Form 8-K that discloses material nonpublic information. During fiscal year 2025, (i) none of our NEOs were awarded stock options with an effective grant date during any period beginning four business days before the filing or furnishing of a Form 10-Q, Form 10-K, or Form 8-K that disclosed material nonpublic information, and ending one business day after the filing or furnishing of such reports, and (ii) we did not time the disclosure of material nonpublic information for the purpose of affecting the value of executive compensation.

**Determining Executive Compensation**

*Role of the Compensation Committee*

The Compensation Committee is responsible for overseeing the compensation of our named executive officers. In doing so, the Compensation Committee takes into consideration a number of factors, including (i) company financial performance, (ii) stock price, (iii) general market trends, and (iv) individual performance. The Compensation Committee generally approves performance goals or other objectives for the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers at the beginning of each calendar year.

*Role of Compensation Consultants and Benchmarking*

The Compensation Committee did not employ an independent compensation consultant during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The Compensation Committee reviews and considers the practices of other publicly-traded companies for which we compete for talent.

*Role of Other Named Executive Officers* 

The Compensation Committee takes into consideration recommendations from management regarding performance goals and also takes into account the recommendations of the Chief Executive Officer relating to the performance of his direct reports. However, no executive officer participates in the deliberation of his or her own compensation.

**Results of 2025 Say-on-Pay Vote** 

At the 2025 annual meeting, the Company's named executive officer compensation for 2025 was approved by 92.6% of the votes cast "for" the approval of 2025 named executive officer compensation, excluding abstentions and broker non-votes. The Compensation Committee will continue to take into account the results of advisory say-on-pay votes when making decisions regarding its executive compensation programs.

**Compensation Committee Report**

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this proxy statement. Based on this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee has recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this proxy statement for the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders.

*Stephen Usher, Chair of the Compensation Committee*

*John Catsimatidis Jr.*

*Rohith Reddy*

*The above Compensation Committee Report does not constitute soliciting material and should not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other Company filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the* "*Securities Act*"*), or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates this report by reference therein.*

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**Executive Compensation Tables**

**Summary Compensation Table**

The following table shows information regarding the compensation of our named executive officers for services performed in the years ended December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Non-equity** |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  | **Option** |  | **Stock** |  | **Incentive Plan** |  | **All Other** |  |  |  |
| **Name and** |  | **Salary** |  | **Awards** |  | **Awards** |  | **Compensation** |  | **Compensation** |  | **Total** |  |
| **Principal Position** | **Year** | **($) <sup>(1)</sup>** |  | **($)<sup>(2)</sup>** |  | **($)<sup>(3)</sup>** |  | **($)<sup>(4)</sup>** |  | **($)<sup>(5)</sup>** |  | **($)** |  |
| Graham A. Purdy | 2025 | $750000 |  |  |  | $1500001 |  | 750000 |  | $11823 |  | $3011823 |  |
| *President &* | 2024 | 772500 |  |  |  | 1499998 |  | 750000 |  | 3450 |  | 3025948 |  |
| *Chief Executive Officer* | 2023 | 735577 |  |  |  | 1499984 |  | 750000 |  | 9061 |  | 2994622 |  |
| Andrew Flynn | 2025 | $400000 |  |  |  | $400024 |  | $220000 |  | $14577 |  | $1034601 |  |
| *Senior Vice President &* | 2024 | 292308 |  |  |  | 400021 |  | 200000 |  | 11692 |  | 904021 |  |
| *Chief Financial Officer* |  |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 2025 | $360706 |  |  |  | $360774 |  | $180353 |  | $14713 |  | $916546 |  |
| *Senior Vice President &* | 2024 | 371527 |  |  |  | 360725 |  | 180353 |  | 13439 |  | 926044 |  |
| *General Counsel and Secretary* | 2023 | 350941 |  |  |  | 360717 |  | 180353 |  | 15129 |  | 907140 |  |
| David E. Glazek | 2025 | $0 |  |  |  | $1975091 |  |  |  |  |  | $1975091 |  |
| *Executive Chairman* | 2024 |  |  | 500002 |  | 1475005 |  |  |  |  |  | 1975007 |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 499998 |  | 1474997 |  |  |  |  |  | 1974995 |  |
| Summer Frein | 2025 | $382500 |  |  |  | $382509 |  | $172125 |  | 14092 |  | $951226 |  |
| *Senior Vice President &* | 2024 | 393975 |  |  |  | 382498 |  | 191250 |  | 14042 |  | 981765 |  |
| *Chief Growth Officer* |  |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |  | |

---

(1) For Mr. Purdy, Ms. Cushman and Ms. Frein, base salary amounts for 2024 include a one-time salary adjustment payment made in the first quarter of 2024, in the amount of $22,500, $10,821 and $11,475, respectively. 

(2) Option Awards reflect the grant date fair value of each award, determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Pursuant to SEC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures related to service-based vesting conditions. For additional information on the assumptions made in the valuation for the awards reflected in this column, please see Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(3) Stock Awards reflect the grant date fair value of each award, determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Pursuant to SEC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures related to vesting conditions. For stock awards with performance-based conditions, the grant date value reflects the probable outcome of the performance conditions as determined on the grant date. For additional information on the assumptions made in the valuation for the awards reflected in this column, please see Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(4) Performance bonuses in respect of a given year were generally determined in February of the following year and paid shortly thereafter. The amounts reflected include the amounts earned for the given year, regardless of when paid. Mr. Purdy received a 2025 bonus valued at $750,000, which was paid through the issuance of 8,638 restricted stock units (RSUs) under the Company's 2021 Equity Incentive Plan in lieu of cash.

(5) For 2025, Mr. Flynn received a matching contribution under our 401(k) defined contribution plan of $11,077, while Ms. Cushman and Ms. Frein received $9,989 and $10,592, respectively. For 2024, Messrs. Purdy and Flynn each received a matching contribution under our 401(k) defined contribution plan of $3,450 and $11,692, respectively, while Ms. Cushman and Ms. Frein received $13,439 and $14,042, respectively. For 2023, Mr. Purdy received a contribution to the Restoration Plan of $5,761 and $1,952, respectively, while Ms. Cushman received $2,131. For the same period, Mr. Purdy received a matching contribution under our 401(k) defined contribution plan (including a discretionary contribution equal to 1% of base salary) of $3,300, while Ms. Cushman received $12,998.

*Employment Agreements*

We are party to employment agreements with Mr. Purdy, Mr. Flynn and Ms. Cushman. We are also party to an Executive Chairman Agreement with Mr. Glazek. The material terms of these agreements are described below. The Company and Ms. Frein are not currently party to any employment agreement or other contractual severance agreement.

*Employment Agreement with Graham A. Purdy*

In connection with his appointment as Chief Executive Officer and President, the Company and Mr. Purdy expect to enter into a new employment agreement generally consistent with the terms of his existing employment agreement, providing for an initial term of one-year commencing on October 17, 2022, subject to automatic one-year renewals unless either party gives at least 60 days' notice of non-renewal. Mr. Purdy's annual base salary will be $750,000 and his target annual bonus opportunity will be equal to 100% of base salary. Mr. Purdy will have a target annual long-term incentive opportunity of not less than $500,000, commencing with the annual equity grant made in calendar year 2023.

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In the event that Mr. Purdy's employment is terminated by the Company without "cause" or Mr. Purdy resigns for "good reason" (each as defined in the employment agreement), other than during the one-year period immediately following a "change of control" (as defined in the employment agreement), Mr. Purdy would be entitled to severance payments comprised of the following: (1) accrued compensation and benefits; (2) continuation of his then-current base salary for 12 months, to be paid in accordance with the Company's normal payroll practices; (3) a cash severance bonus equal to the average annual cash bonus received by Mr. Purdy for the 24-month period prior to the termination date; and (4) a lump sum payment equal to the cost of COBRA continuation coverage for Mr. Purdy and his eligible dependents for 12 months. In the event that Mr. Purdy's employment is terminated by the Company without "cause" or Mr. Purdy resigns for "good reason" during the one-year period immediately following a "change of control", Mr. Purdy would be entitled to severance payments comprised of the following (in lieu of any other severance payments under the employment agreement): (1) the accrued compensation and benefits; (2) continuation of his then-current base salary for 24 months, to be paid in accordance with the Company's normal payroll practices; (3) a cash severance bonus equal to two-times the average annual cash bonus received by Mr. Purdy for the 24-month period prior to the termination date; and (4) a lump sum payment equal to the cost of COBRA continuation coverage for Mr. Purdy and his eligible dependents for 12 months. The foregoing severance payments and benefits are subject to Mr. Purdy executing an effective release of claims against the Company. Pursuant to the employment agreement, Mr. Purdy will be subject to certain restrictive covenants, including non-competition, non-solicitation, and non-hire restrictions during the employment term and for two years post-termination.

*Employment Agreements with Andrew Flynn & Brittani N. Cushman* 

Mr. Flynn's employment agreement provides for an initial term of one year, subject to automatic extensions for successive one-year terms unless earlier terminated, or unless either party provides notice of non-renewal at least 60 days prior to the end of the applicable term. Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Flynn was entitled to receive an annual base salary of $400,000 subject to adjustment by the Board. Mr. Flynn's base salary was adjusted to $450,000 in 2026. Mr. Flynn is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus equal to 50% of annual base salary.

Ms. Cushman's employment agreement provides for an initial term of one year, subject to automatic extensions for successive one-year terms unless earlier terminated, or unless either party provides notice of non-renewal at least 60 days prior to the end of the applicable term. Pursuant to her employment agreement, Ms. Cushman is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $340,000, subject to adjustment by the Board. Ms. Cushman is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus equal to 50% of annual base salary.

Upon a termination of employment by us without "cause" or by the applicable executive for "good reason" (each as defined in the applicable executive's Employment Agreement), each of Mr. Flynn and Ms. Cushman would be entitled to severance payments comprised of the following: (1) accrued compensation and benefits; (2) continuation of then-current base salary for 12 months, to be paid in accordance with our normal payroll practices; (3) a cash severance bonus equal to the average annual cash bonus received by the applicable executive for the 24-month period before the termination date; and (4) a lump sum payment equal to the cost of COBRA continuation coverage for the executive and his/her eligible dependents for 12 months.

In the event of a termination of employment by us without cause or by the applicable executive for good reason within one year following a "change of control" (as such term is defined in the applicable executive's Employment Agreement), or within 12 months of the effective date of his Employment Agreement, each of Mr. Flynn and Ms. Cushman would be entitled to severance payments comprised of the following (in lieu of any other severance payments under the 2016 Employment Agreements): (1) the accrued compensation and benefits; (2) continuation of then-current base salary for 24 months, to be paid in accordance with our normal payroll practices; (3) a cash severance bonus equal to two-times the average annual cash bonus received by the applicable executive for the 24-month period before the termination date; and (4) a lump-sum payment equal to the cost of COBRA continuation coverage for the executive and his/her eligible dependents for 12 months.

In general, the foregoing severance payments and other benefits are subject to the applicable executive executing and delivering a release of claims to us. Pursuant to their respective Employment Agreements, each of Mr. Flynn and Ms. Cushman are subject to certain restrictive covenants, including non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions during the employment term, and for a post-termination period equal to the number of months the executive is entitled to receive salary continuation pursuant to the severance provisions described above.

In addition, if any payment made to Messrs. Purdy, Flynn or Ms. Cushman would be subject to the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code, then the amounts payable to the applicable executive will be reduced to the maximum amount that does not trigger the excise tax, unless the executive would be better off (on an after-tax basis) receiving all such payments and benefits and paying all applicable income and excise taxes.

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*Employment Agreement with Mr. Glazek*

Mr. Glazek was appointed Executive Chairman of the Board in January 2023. During 2025, Mr. Glazek entered into a letter agreement with the Company, in connection with his continued appointment as Executive Chairman (the "2025 Chairman Letter"). The 2025 Chairman Letter provided that for each year during the term, Mr. Glazek will receive an annual equity grant under the Company's 2021 Plan having a grant date value of $1,000,000, to be granted in the form of restricted stock units. Mr. Glazek is also entitled to participate in the Company's long-term equity incentive program as well as medical, dental and 401(k) savings benefit plans offered to the Company's executives. In the event that the Board removes Mr. Glazek from the role of Executive Chairman without cause, or there is otherwise a material change to his duties and responsibilities as Executive Chairman or a material breach by the Company of his agreement, the 2025 Chairman Letter provided that he would receive accelerated vesting of any previously granted equity awards (or, if such grant has not yet occurred, a cash payment in respect thereof).

**Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table**

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| | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Estimated Possible Payouts** | **Estimated Possible Payouts** | **Estimated Possible Payouts** | **Estimated Possible Payouts** |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | **Under Non-Equity Incentive** | **Under Non-Equity Incentive** | **Under Non-Equity Incentive** | **Under Non-Equity Incentive** | **Estimated Future Payouts under** | **Estimated Future Payouts under** | **Estimated Future Payouts under** | **Grant Date Fair Value** | **All Other Option** |
|  | **Plan Awards<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Plan Awards<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Plan Awards<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Plan Awards<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Equity Incentive Plan <sup>(2)</sup>** | **Equity Incentive Plan <sup>(2)</sup>** | **Equity Incentive Plan <sup>(2)</sup>** | **of Shares Stock and** | **Awards: Number of** |
| **Name** | **Grant Date**  | **Threshold ($)**  | **Target ($)**  | **Maximum ($)**  | **Threshold (#)**  | **Target (#)**  | **Maximum (#)**  | **Option Awards ($)**  | **Stock or Units (#)<sup>(2)</sup>** |
| Graham A. Purdy | N/A |  | $750000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 12795 |  | $900009 |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 8530 |  | $599988 |  |
| Andrew Flynn | N/A |  | $225000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 3412 |  | $240007 |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 2275 |  | $160014 |  |
| Brittani N. Cushman | N/A |  | $180353 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 3077 |  | $216430 |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 2052 |  | $144295 |  |
| David E. Glazek | N/A |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 8317 |  | $585005 |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 5545 |  | $390003 |  |
|  | 3/5/2025 |  |  |  |  | 14921 |  | $1000000 |  |
| Summer Frein | N/A |  | $191250 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 3263 |  | $229504 |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 |  |  |  |  | 2175 |  | $152994 |  |
|  | N/A |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

---

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(1) Represents annual bonus opportunities at target level achievement. There is no threshold or maximum annual bonus opportunity. The amounts actually paid for the 2025 fiscal year are included in the 2025 column of the summary compensation table.

(2) Stock Awards and Option Awards reflect the grant date fair value of each award, determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Pursuant to SEC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures related to vesting conditions. For stock awards with performance-based conditions, the grant date value reflects the probable outcome of the performance conditions as determined on the grant date. For additional information on the assumptions made in the valuation for the awards reflected in this column, please see Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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**Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End**

The following table sets forth specified information concerning equity awards held by each of the named executive officers as of December 31, 2025.

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| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Option Awards** | **Option Awards** | **Option Awards** | **Option Awards** | **Option Awards** | **Stock Awards** | **Stock Awards** |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Equity Incentive Plan** | **Equity Incentive Plan** |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Awards: Number of** | **Awards: Market or Payout** |
|  |  | **Number of Securities** | **Number of Securities** | **Option** | **Option** | **Unearned Shares, Units or** | **Value of Unearned Shares,** |
|  |  | **Underlying Unexercised** | **Underlying Unexercised** | **Exercise** | **Expiration** | **Other Rights that** | **Units or Other Rights that** |
| **Name** | **Date of Grant** | **Options (#) Exercisable** | **Options (#) Unexercisable** | **Price ($)** | **Date** | **have not Vested (#)** | **have not Vested ($) <sup>(15)</sup>** |
| Graham A. Purdy | 2/18/2021 <sup>(3)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6500 | 704600 |
|  | 3/14/2022 <sup>(4)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 1650 | 178860 |
|  | 3/14/2022 <sup>(5)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 1650 | 178860 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 24269 | 2630760 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 8899 | 964652 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 27150 | 2943060 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 14932 | 1618629 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 12795 | 1386978 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 8530 | 924652 |
| Andrew Flynn | 3/1/2024 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6594 | 714790 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 3627 | 393167 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 3412 | 369861 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 2275 | 246610 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 3/7/2018 <sup>(1)(6)</sup> | 500 |  | 21.21 | 3/7/2028 |  |  |
|  | 3/20/2019 <sup>(1)(7)</sup> | 4800 |  | 47.58 | 3/20/2029 |  |  |
|  | 3/18/2020 <sup>(1)(8)</sup> | 3000 |  | 14.85 | 3/18/2030 |  |  |
|  | 3/18/2020 <sup>(3)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 4534 | 491486 |
|  | 2/18/2021 <sup>(1)(9)</sup> | 7000 |  | 51.75 | 2/18/2031 |  |  |
|  | 2/18/2021 <sup>(3)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6000 | 650400 |
|  | 3/14/2022 <sup>(2)(10)</sup> | 8000 |  | 30.46 | 3/14/2032 |  |  |
|  | 3/14/2022 <sup>(4)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 1798 | 194903 |
|  | 3/14/2022 <sup>(5)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 1650 | 178860 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 5835 | 632514 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 2141 | 232084 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6529 | 707744 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 3592 | 389373 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 3078 | 333655 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 2051 | 222328 |
| David E. Glazek | 5/5/2023 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6310 | 684004 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 15249 | 1652992 |
|  | 5/12/2023 <sup>(2)(13)</sup> | 47519 |  | 20.71 | 5/12/2033 |  |  |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 17648 | 1913043 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 9706 | 1052130 |
|  | 3/11/2024 <sup>(2)(14)</sup> | 54289 |  | 27.19 | 3/11/2034 |  |  |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 8318 | 901671 |
|  | 3/3/2025 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 20465 | 2218406 |
| Summer Frein | 4/29/2022 <sup>(2)(10)</sup> | 4139 |  | 30.46 | 4/29/2032 |  |  |
|  | 4/29/2022 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 1263 | 136909 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6189 | 670888 |
|  | 5/5/2023 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 2270 | 246068 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(11)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 6924 | 750562 |
|  | 3/1/2024 <sup>(12)</sup> |  |  |  |  | 769 | 83360 |
|  | 3/3/2025 (11) |  |  |  |  | 3263 | 353709 |
|  | 3/3/2025 (12) |  |  |  |  | 2175 | 235770 |

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(1) Options to purchase shares of our stock granted pursuant to the 2015 Plan.

(2) Options to purchase shares of our stock granted pursuant to the 2021 Plan.

(3) Performance-based restricted stock units granted under our 2015 Plan. Performance-based restricted stock units vest five years from the grant date upon the Company's achievement of certain levels of return on invested capital.

(4) Performance-based restricted stock units granted under our 2021 Plan. Performance-based restricted stock units vest over a five-year period beginning in year three from the grant date upon the Company's achievement of certain levels of cumulative EBITDA growth.

(5) Restricted stock units granted under our 2021 Plan. Restricted stock units vest over five years beginning in year three from the grant date.

(6) Options to purchase shares of our stock vested 34% on January 1, 2019, 33% on January 1, 2020, and 33% on January 1, 2021.

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(7) Options to purchase shares of our stock vested 34% on January 1, 2020, 33% on January 1, 2021, and 33% on January 1, 2022.

(8) Options to purchase shares of our stock vested 34% on January 1, 2021, 33% on January 1, 2022, and 33% on January 1, 2023.

(9) Options to purchase shares of our stock vested 34% on January 1, 2022, 33% on January 1, 2023, and 33% on January 1, 2024.

(10) Options to purchase shares of our stock vested 34% on January 1, 2023, 33% on January 1, 2024, and 33% on January 1, 2025.

(11) Performance-based restricted stock units granted under our 2021 Plan. These performance-based restricted stock units vest 20% on the first, 20% on the second, and 60% on the third anniversaries from the grant date upon the Company's achievement of certain levels of cumulative adjusted EBITDA growth.

(12) Restricted stock units granted under our 2021 Plan. These restricted stock units will vest 33% on the first, second and third anniversaries from the grant date.

(13) Options to purchase shares of our stock vest at 25% of the underlying shares on the last day of each calendar quarter of the 2023 calendar year.

(14) Options to purchase shares of our stock vest at 25% of the underlying shares on the last day of each calendar quarter of the 2024 calendar year.

(15) Value shown is based on a price per share of Company common stock equal to $108.40, which was the closing price on the last trading day of 2025.

**Stock Vested/Options Exercised Table**

The following table sets forth information concerning awards that vested for the NEOs during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025.

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| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number of Stock Units** |  | **Number of Stock Units** |  |
|  | **Acquired on Vesting** | **Value Realized** | **Acquired on Option** | **Value Realized** |
| **Name** | **(#)** | **on Vesting <sup>(1)</sup>** | **Exercise (#)** | **on Exercise <sup>(2)</sup>** |
| Graham A. Purdy | 38942 | $2730944 | 51400 | $2333919 |
| Andrew Flynn | 3516 | 247315 |  |  |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 18229 | $1273991 | 30250 | 2237677 |
| David E. Glazek | 20454 | $1438734 | 30000 | 2686367 |
| Summer Frein | 8673 | $610059 | 3000 | 237039 |

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(1) Values realized on vesting is the amount equal to (a) the closing price on NYSE on the applicable vesting date multiplied by (b) the number of shares vesting.

(2) Values realized on option exercise is the amount equal to (a) the price on NYSE at the time of exercise less (b) the strike price of the option multiplied by (c) the number of options exercised.

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**2025 Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control Table**

As described above under the section entitled "Employment Agreements", we are party to employment agreements with Mr. Purdy, Mr. Flynn and Ms. Cushman. We are also party to an Executive Chairman Agreement with Mr. Glazek. The material terms of these agreements are above. The Company and Ms. Frein are not currently party to any employment agreement or other contractual severance agreement.

The terms of our outstanding equity-based awards generally provide that in the event that an executive's employment is terminated prior to the applicable vesting date of an award, such award will be forfeited, except in connection with certain termination events. The terms of the PRSU award agreements generally provide that in the event that an executive dies or becomes disabled prior to the "measurement date", the executive will remain eligible to vest in his PRSUs based on actual performance measured at the end of the performance period.

Our 2015 and 2021 equity compensation plans generally provide that in the event of a "change of control," outstanding equity awards will not be accelerated if the acquiror provides for a "replacement award" in connection with such change of control, as determined in accordance with the provisions of the equity plan. If no replacement award is provided, then outstanding equity awards will become immediately vested, with any performance goals being deemed to be achieved at target level.

The table below sets forth the amount of severance or other compensation that would have become payable to each of 2025 named executive officers had his or her employment been terminated as of December 31, 2025 or in the event a change of control had occurred on December 31, 2025. Because the Company and Ms. Frein are not currently party to any employment agreement or other contractual severance agreement, we have assumed for this purpose that she would not be entitled to any cash severance payments upon a termination by the Company without "cause" or other involuntary termination of employment initiated by the Company; however, in the event any such termination of employment actually occurs, it is possible that the Company and Ms. Frein could negotiate a separation agreement providing for severance payments in exchange for a release of claims, generally consistent with the terms applicable to other executive officers.

**Without Cause or for Good Reason**

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| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | **Average Bonus** | **Cash Value of** |  |  |  |
|  | **12 months** | **(24 months prior** | **Accelerated** | **Total Cash** | **12 months** |  |
|  | **Salary ($)** | **to termination) ($)** | **Equity ($)** | **Severance ($)** | **COBRA ($)** | **Total ($)** |
| Graham A. Purdy | 750000 | 605089 |  | 1355089 | 20519 | 1375608 |
| Andrew Flynn | 400000 | 100000 |  | 500000 | 14243 | 514243 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 360706 | 181427 |  | 542133 | 12423 | 554556 |
| David E. Glazek | N/A | N/A | 1000000 | 1000000 | N/A | 1000000 |
| Summer Frein |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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**Change of Control**

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| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2 times** | **2 times the Average** | **Cash Value of** |  |  |  |
|  | **12 months** | **Bonus (24 months** | **Accelerated** | **Total Cash** | **12 months** |  |
|  | **Salary ($)** | **prior to termination) ($)** | **Equity ($)** | **Severance ($)** | **COBRA ($)** | **Total ($)** |
| Graham A. Purdy | 1500000 | 1210178 |  | 2710178 | 20519 | 2730697 |
| Andrew Flynn | 800000 | 200000 |  | 1000000 | 14243 | 1014243 |
| Brittani N. Cushman | 721412 | 362853 |  | 1084265 | 12423 | 1096688 |
| David E. Glazek | N/A | N/A | 1000000 | 1000000 | N/A | 1000000 |
| Summer Frein |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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**Equity Compensation Plan Information** 

The following table contains information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2025:

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  | **Number of Securities** |
|  |  |  | **Remaining Available** |
|  | **Number of Securities** |  | **for Future Issuance** |
|  | **to be Issued Upon** | **Weighted-average** | **Under Equity** |
|  | **Exercise of** | **Exercise Price of** | **Compensation Plans** |
|  | **Outstanding Options,** | **Outstanding,** | **(Excluding Securities** |
|  | **Warrants, and Rights** | **Warrants, and Rights** | **Reflected in Column (a)** |
| **Plan Category** | **(a)** | **(b)** | **(c)** |
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holder | 287292 | $30.58 | 736037 |
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |  |  |  |
| Total | 287292 |  | 736037 |

---

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**PAY VERSUS PERFORMANCE**

As required by Section 953(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship between executive compensation actually paid and certain financial performance of the Company.

---

| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Value of** | **Value of** |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Average** |  | **Initial Fixed** | **Initial Fixed** |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Summary** | **Average** | **$100 Investment** | **$100 Investment** |  |  |
|  | **Summary** | **Summary** | **Summary** |  |  |  | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Based On:** | **Based On:** |  |  |
|  | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Compensation** | **Table** | **Actually** |  | **Peer** |  |  |
|  | **Table** | **Table** | **Table** | **Actually** | **Actually** | **Actually** | **Total** | **Paid** |  | **Group** |  |  |
|  | **Total** | **Total** | **Total** | **Paid** | **Paid** | **Paid** | **for** | **to** | **Total** | **Total** | **Net** | **Adjusted** |
|  | **for** | **for** | **for** | **to** | **to** | **to** | **Non-PEO** | **Non-PEO** | **Stockholder** | **Stockholder** | **Income** | **EBITDA** |
| **Year** | **PEO 1<sup>(1)</sup>** | **PEO 2<sup>(1)</sup>** | **PEO 3<sup>(1)</sup>** | **PEO 1<sup>(2)</sup>** | **PEO 2<sup>(2)</sup>** | **PEO 3<sup>(2)</sup>** | **NEOs<sup>(3)</sup>** | **NEOs<sup>(4)</sup>** | **Return<sup>(5)</sup>** | **Return<sup>(6)</sup>** | **(millions)<sup>(7)</sup>** | **(millions)<sup>(8)</sup>** |
| 2025 | N/A | N/A | $3011823 | N/A | N/A | $8298822 | $1219363 | $3071413 | $246 | $117 | $58165 | $119522 |
| 2024 | N/A | N/A | $3025948 | N/A | N/A | $8177533 | $1065421 | $2966693 | $137 | $140 | $39809 | $104459 |
| 2023 | N/A | N/A | $2994622 | N/A | N/A | $3422628 | $1218926 | $1630288 | $60 | $139 | $38462 | $93252 |
| 2022 | $622624 | $3343124 | $1303265 | $(1461685) | $3305869 | $397219 | $825334 | $357128 | $49 | $120 | $11641 | $94062 |
| 2021 | $2216881 | N/A | N/A | $1174780 | N/A | N/A | $938847 | $901977 | $85 | $129 | $52059 | $102664 |

---

(1) The dollar amounts reported in this column are the amounts of total compensation reported for our principal executive officer(s) (PEOs) serving during the applicable fiscal year. During 2021, our only principal executive officer was Mr. Wexler (referred to as PEO 1 in the table above). During 2022, Mr. Wexler served as our PEO from January 1 to January 11, Mr. Efremov served as our PEO from January 11 to October 16 (and is referred to as PEO 2 in the table above) and Mr. Purdy served as our PEO from October 17 to December 31, 2022 (and is referred to as PEO 3 in the table above). During 2023, 2024, and 2025, our only PEO was Mr. Purdy (PEO 3).

(2) The dollar amounts reported in this column represent the amount of "compensation actually paid" to our PEO(s) during the applicable fiscal year, as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual amount of compensation earned by or paid to the PEO(s) during the applicable year. In accordance with the requirements of Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to PEO total compensation for each year to determine the compensation actually paid:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Reported** |  |  |  |
|  | **Summary** |  |  |  |
|  | **Compensation** | **Reported** |  | **Compensation** |
|  | **Table Total** | **Value of** | **Equity** | **Actually** |
|  | **for PEO 3** | **Equity** | **Award** | **Paid** |
| **Year** | **(Purdy)** | **Awards<sup>(a)</sup>** | **Adjustments<sup>(b)</sup>** | **to PEO 3 (Purdy)** |
| 2025 | $3011823 | $(1500001) | $6787000 | $8298822 |
| 2024 | $3025948 | $(1499998) | $6651583 | $8177533 |
| 2023 | $2994622 | $(1499984) | $1927990 | $3422628 |
| 2022 | $1303265 | $(275060) | $(630986) | $397219 |

---

(a) The grant date fair value of equity awards represents the total of the amounts reported in the "Stock Awards" and "Option Awards" columns in the Summary Compensation Table for the applicable year.

(b) The equity award adjustments for each applicable year include the addition (or subtraction, as applicable) of the following: (i) the year-end fair value of any equity awards granted in the applicable year that are outstanding and unvested as of the end of the year; (ii) the amount of change as of the end of the applicable year (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value of any awards granted in prior years that are outstanding and unvested as of the end of the applicable year; (iii) for awards that are granted and vest in same applicable year, the fair value as of the vesting date; (iv) for awards granted in prior years that vest in the applicable year, the amount equal to the change as of the vesting date (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value; (v) for awards granted in prior years that are determined to fail to meet the applicable vesting conditions during the applicable year, a deduction for the amount equal to the fair value at the end of the prior fiscal year; and (vi) the dollar value of any dividends or other earnings paid on stock or option awards in the applicable year prior to the vesting date that are not otherwise reflected in the fair value of such award or included in any other component of total compensation for the applicable year. The valuation assumptions used to calculate fair values did not materially differ from those disclosed at the time of grant. The amounts deducted or added in calculating the equity award adjustments are as follows:

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---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Value of** |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | **Fair Value at** | **Dividends or** |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | **the End of** | **other** |  |
|  |  |  |  | **Year over** | **the Prior** | **Earnings Paid** |  |
|  |  | **Year over** | **Fair Value as** | **Year Change in** | **Year of** | **on Stock or** |  |
|  |  | **Year Change** | **of Vesting** | **Fair Value** | **Equity** | **Option** |  |
|  |  | **in Fair Value** | **Date of** | **of Equity** | **Awards that** | **Awards not** |  |
|  |  | **of** | **Equity** | **Awards** | **Failed to** | **Otherwise** |  |
|  | **Year End** | **Outstanding** | **Awards** | **Granted in** | **Meet** | **Reflected in** | **Total** |
|  | **Fair Value** | **and Unvested** | **Granted and** | **Prior Years** | **Vesting** | **Fair Value or** | **Equity** |
|  | **of Equity** | **Equity** | **Vested in the** | **that Vested** | **Conditions** | **Total** | **Award** |
| **Year** | **Awards** | **Awards** | **Year** | **in the Year** | **in the Year** | **Compensation** | **Adjustments** |
| 2025 (PEO 3) | $2311630 | $4107915 | $— | $390530 | $(43633) | $20558 | $6787000 |
| 2024 (PEO 3) | $3399316 | $2399086 | $— | $870848 | $(27057) | $9390 | $6651583 |
| 2023 (PEO 3) | $1775679 | $138558 | $— | $46900 | $(43260) | $10113 | $1927990 |
| 2022 (PEO 3) | $201270 | $(771739) | $— | $(29422) | $(38316) | $7221 | $(630986) |
| 2022 (PEO 2) | $189659 | $— | $233346 | $(15299) | $— | $264 | $407971 |
| 2022 (PEO 1) | $150329 | $(1832330) | $— | $(92680) | $(120677) | $22746 | $(1872612) |
| 2021 (PEO 1) | $587601 | $(867384) | $— | $— | $— | $— | $(279783) |

---

(3) The dollar amounts reported in this column represent the average of the amounts reported for the Company's non-PEO named executive officers (NEOs) as a group in the "Total" column of the Summary Compensation Table in each applicable year. The names of each of the non-PEO NEOs included for purposes of calculating the average amounts in each applicable year are as follows: (i) for 2025 Ms. Cushman, Mr. Glazek, Mr. Flynn, and Ms. Frein , (ii) for 2024, Ms. Cushman, Mr. Glazek, Mr. Flynn, Ms. Frein and Mr. Luis Reformina (our former SVP and Chief Financial Officer); (iii) for 2023, Mr. Reformina, Ms. Cushman and Mr. Glazek; (iv) for 2022, Mr. Reformina and Ms. Cushman; and (v) for 2021, Mr. Purdy, Mr. Reformina, Ms. Cushman, and Mr. Robert Lavan (our former SVP and Chief Financial Officer).

(4) The dollar amounts reported in this column represent the average amount of "compensation actually paid" to the non-PEO NEOs (which individuals are described in footnote 3 above) as a group, as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual average amount of compensation earned by or paid to the non-PEO NEOs as a group during the applicable year. In accordance with the requirements of Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to average total compensation for the non-PEO NEOs as a group for each year to determine the compensation actually paid, using the same methodology described above in footnote 2:

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---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Average** |  |  |  |
|  | **Reported** |  |  |  |
|  | **Summary** |  |  |  |
|  | **Compensation** | **Average** |  | **Average** |
|  | **Table Total for** | **Reported** |  | **Compensation** |
|  | **Non-PEO** | **Value of Equity** | **Average Equity** | **Actually Paid** |
| **Year** | **NEOs** | **Awards** | **Award Adjustments<sup>(a)</sup>** | **to Non-PEO NEOs** |
| 2025 | $1219363 | $(779592) | $2631642 | $3071413 |
| 2024 | $1065421 | $(623650) | $2524922 | $2966693 |
| 2023 | $1218926 | $(877361) | $1288723 | $1630288 |
| 2022 | $825334 | $(198450) | $(269756) | $357128 |
| 2021 | $938847 | $(433549) | $396679 | $901977 |

---

(a) The amounts deducted or added in calculating the total average equity award adjustments are as follows: 

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Average** |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Value of** |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | **Dividends or** |  |
|  |  |  |  | **Year over** | **Average Fair** | **other** |  |
|  |  |  |  | **Year Average** | **Value at the** | **Earnings Paid** |  |
|  |  | **Year over** | **Average Fair** | **Change in** | **End of the** | **on Stock or** |  |
|  |  | **Year Average** | **Value as of** | **Fair Value** | **Prior Year** | **Option** |  |
|  |  | **Change in** | **Vesting Date** | **of Equity** | **of Equity** | **Awards not** |  |
|  | **Average** | **Fair Value of** | **of Equity** | **Awards** | **Awards that** | **Otherwise** | **Total** |
|  | **Year End** | **Outstanding** | **Awards** | **Granted in** | **Failed to** | **Reflected in** | **Average** |
|  | **Fair Value** | **and Unvested** | **Granted and** | **Prior Years** | **Meet** | **Fair Value or** | **Equity** |
|  | **of Equity** | **Equity** | **Vested in the** | **that Vested** | **Vesting** | **Total** | **Award** |
| **Year** | **Awards** | **Awards** | **Year** | **in the Year** | **Conditions in the Year** | **Compensation** | **Adjustments** |
| 2025 | $1220503 | $1291844 | $— | $128173 | $(15596) | $6718 | $2631642 |
| 2024 | $1232098 | $410440 | $548389 | $486074 | $(153267) | $1188 | $2524922 |
| 2023 | $770027 | $64848 | $451936 | $6514 | $(6006) | $1403 | $1288723 |
| 2022 | $143895 | $(398522) | $— | $(7355) | $(9579) | $1805 | $(269756) |
| 2021 | $310579 | $(175275) | $32704 | $288671 | $— | $— | $396679 |

---

(5) Cumulative TSR is calculated by dividing the sum of the cumulative amount of dividends for the measurement period, assuming dividend reinvestment, and the difference between the Company's share price at the end and the beginning of the measurement period by the Company's share price at the beginning of the measurement period.

(6) Represents the weighted peer group TSR, weighted according to the respective companies' stock market capitalization at the beginning of each period for which a return is indicated. The peer group used for this purpose is the following published industry index: 50% S&P Small Cap 600 Consumer Staples Index and 50% Russell 3000 Index.

(7) The dollar amounts reported represent the amount of net income reflected in the Company's audited financial statements for the applicable year.

(8) Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income plus non-cash interest expense, depreciation and amortization, interest and other income, income tax provision, loss (gain) on the extinguishment of debts, stock-based compensation expense and restructuring or other unusual charges.

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*Financial Performance Measures*

The most important financial performance measures used by the Company to link executive compensation actually paid to the Company's NEOs, for the most recently completed fiscal year, to the Company's performance are as follows:

• Operating Income

• Adjusted EBITDA

• Return on Invested Capital

*Analysis of the Information Presented in the Pay versus Performance Table*

In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the Company is providing the following descriptions of the relationships between information presented in the Pay versus Performance table.

*<u>Compensation Actually Paid and Net Income</u>*

![comppaidvsnifinal.jpg](comppaidvsnifinal.jpg)

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*<u>Compensation Actually Paid and Adjusted EBITDA</u>*

![comppaidvsebitdafinal.jpg](comppaidvsebitdafinal.jpg)

*<u>Compensation Actually Paid and Total Stockholder Return</u>*

![comppaidvsshretfinal.jpg](comppaidvsshretfinal.jpg)

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**PAY RATIO** 

As required by Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street and Consumer Protection Act and Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship of the annual total compensation of Mr. Purdy, our Chief Executive Officer, to the annual total compensation of our employees.

We identified our employee population as of December 31, 2025 which consisted of approximately 484 employees, all of whom work inside the U.S. This population included full-time and part-time employees employed by us on that date. We then determined the median employee based on an evaluation of total annual compensation for the year ended December 31, 2025 for each member of our employee population using W-2 payroll information.

Mr. Purdy served as our Chief Executive Officer during 2025. The annual total compensation of Mr. Purdy for purposes of calculating this pay ratio was $3,011,823. The 2025 annual total compensation of our median employee was $77,848. Based on this information, the estimated ratio of the annual total compensation of our Chief Executive Officer to the annual total compensation of our median employee was 39:1.

We believe this CEO pay ratio is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K. Because the SEC rules for identifying the median of the annual total compensation of our employees and calculating the pay ratio based on that employee's annual total compensation allow companies to adopt a variety of methodologies, to apply certain exclusions, and to make reasonable estimates and assumptions that reflect their employee populations and compensation practices, the pay ratio reported by other companies may not be comparable to our pay ratio.

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**AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT**

The Audit Committee has met and reviewed and discussed the Company's audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 with the Company's management, which has the primary responsibility for the Company's financial statements, as well as with the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, who was responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company's consolidated financial statements in accordance with auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board ("PCAOB"). The Audit Committee is not providing any expert or special assurance as to the Company's financial statements or providing any professional certification with respect to the independent registered public accounting firm's work product.

The Audit Committee has discussed with KPMG LLP the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the PCAOB and the SEC. The Audit Committee has received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from KPMG LLP required by the applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding KPMG LLP communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence and has discussed with KPMG LLP its independence. The Audit Committee is charged with ensuring any services provided do not impair independence and concluded the independence of KPMG LLP was not compromised by the provision of any services.

Taking all of these reviews and discussions into account, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the Company's audited financial statements be included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 for filing with the SEC.

All members of the Audit Committee of the Company listed below submit the foregoing report.

---

| |
|:---|
| AUDIT COMMITTEE: |
| H. C. Charles Diao (Chair)<br> Ashley Davis Frushone<br> Kathleen M. Shanahan<br> Stephen Usher |

---

*The foregoing report of the Audit Committee does not constitute soliciting material and shall not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other Company filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or under the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates such report by reference therein, and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under those acts.*

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**CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS**

***Policies Regarding Related Party Transactions***

Our Board has adopted a written statement of policy regarding transactions with related persons, which we refer to as our "related person policy." Our related person policy requires that a "related person" (as defined as in paragraph (a) of Item 404 of Regulation S-K) must promptly disclose to our General Counsel any "related person transaction" (defined as any transaction that it is anticipated would be reportable by us under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K in which we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest) and all material facts with respect thereto. The General Counsel will then promptly communicate that information to the Audit Committee of our Board. No related person transaction may be executed without the approval or ratification of the Audit Committee. In general, the Audit Committee will approve or ratify only related person transactions that we believe are at least as favorable to us as those we would obtain from an unrelated party.

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**PRESENTATION OF PROPOSALS**

**Proposal 1** – **Election of Directors** 

The Company's bylaws provide that the number of directors on our Board will be determined from time to time by a vote of the Board. Our Board is currently comprised of ten members. At the Annual Meeting, we are electing ten directors to hold office until the Company's annual meeting of stockholders in 2027 and until a successor is elected and qualified.

***Nominees for Election as a Director***

Set forth below are the current Board members who will stand for election at the Annual Meeting, together with their age, all Company positions and offices they currently hold, and the year in which they joined the Board, as applicable. All the nominees are currently directors and are standing for election, and each have agreed to be named in this Proxy Statement and serve if elected. Although it is not anticipated that any of the nominees listed below will decline or be unable to serve, if that should occur, the proxy holders may, in their discretion, vote for a substitute nominee.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  | **Held Position** |
| **Name** | **Age** | **Position or Office** | **Since** |
| David E. Glazek | 48 | Executive Chairman; Director | 2012<sup>(1)</sup> |
| Graham A. Purdy | 54 | President & CEO; Director | 2022 |
| Gregory H. A. Baxter | 72 | Director | 2006 |
| John A. Catsimatidis Jr. | 33 | Director | 2024 |
| H.C. Charles Diao | 68 | Director | 2012 |
| Ashley Davis Frushone | 51 | Lead Independent Director; Director | 2018<sup>(2)</sup> |
| Rohith Reddy | 48 | Director | 2023 |
| Kathleen M. Shanahan | 67 | Director | 2025 |
| Stephen Usher | 59 | Director | 2021 |
| Lawrence S. Wexler | 73 | Director | 2013<sup>(3)</sup> |

---

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(1) Mr. Glazek served as a Director since 2012 and was appointed Executive Chairman in January 2023.

(2) Ms. Frushone served as a Director since 2018 and was appointed Lead Independent Director in January 2023.

(3) Mr. Wexler served as President and CEO of the Company until January 10, 2022.

***Recommendation***

**THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE** "**FOR**" **THE ELECTION OF EACH OF THE NOMINEES FOR THE DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY SET FORTH ABOVE.**

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**Proposal 2 – Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm** 

As more particularly described in this proxy statement, the Audit Committee is directly responsible for managing the Company's independent registered public accounting firm, which includes, without limitation, (i) pre-approving all audit and permitted non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, and (ii) the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the Company's independent registered public accounting firm.

In connection with the same and pursuant to its charter, the Audit Committee has appointed the firm of KPMG LLP to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit the consolidated financial statements of the Company for the fiscal year which ends on December 31, 2026. KPMG LLP has served as the Company's auditors since March 7, 2025. A representative of KPMG LLP is expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, available for appropriate questions at the Annual Meeting, and will have the opportunity to make a statement if he or she so desires. Prior to KPMG LLP's appointment, RSM US LLP served as our independent registered accounting firm.

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If the stockholders fail to ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP, the Audit Committee will take this result into account when considering the appointment of an independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal year 2026. Even if the appointment is ratified, the Audit Committee in its discretion may direct the appointment of a different independent registered public accounting firm as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee believes that such a change would be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. One or more representatives of KPMG LLP are expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, will have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions.

KPMG LLP's audit report on the Company's financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2025 did not provide an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion to the Company's financial statements, nor modify its opinion as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. Additionally, RSM US LLP's audit report on the Company's financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2024 did not provide an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion to the Company's financial statements, nor modify its opinion as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles.

During the year ending December 31, 2025, there were (i) no disagreements between the Company and KPMG LLP on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which, if not resolved to KPMG LLP's satisfaction, would have caused KPMG LLP to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with its report for such year, and (ii) no matter that was either the subject of a "disagreement" or a "reportable event" as those terms are defined in Item 304(a)(1) of Regulation S-K

During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were (i) no disagreements between the Company and RSM US LLP on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which, if not resolved to RSM US LLP's satisfaction, would have caused RSM US LLP to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with its report for such year, and (ii) no matter that was either the subject of a "disagreement" or a "reportable event" as those terms are defined in Item 304(a)(1) of Regulation S-K.

For the two years prior to their appointment, neither the Company nor anyone on its behalf has consulted with KPMG LLP regarding: (i) the application of accounting principles to a specific transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company's financial statements, and neither a written report nor oral advice was provided to the Company that KPMG LLP concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing, or financial reporting issue; (ii) any matter that was the subject of a disagreement within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions; or (iii) any reportable event within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

***Principal Accountant Fees and Services***

The following table summarizes the fees paid for professional services rendered by KPMG LLP and RSM US LLP for each of the last two fiscal years:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **2025** | **2024** |
| Audit Fees | $1964499 | $1987339 |
| Audit-related Fees |  |  |
| Tax Fees | 57750 |  |
| All Other Fees |  |  |
| Total | $2022249 | $1987339 |

---

*Audit Fees*

KPMG LLP charged $1,964,499 in fiscal year 2025 for audit fees. These include professional services in connection with the audit of the Company's annual financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K and reviews of the Company's financial statements included in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and for services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the fiscal years shown.

RSM US LLP charged $1,987,339 in fiscal year 2024 for audit fees. These include professional services in connection with the audit of the Company's annual financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K and reviews of the Company's financial statements included in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and for services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the fiscal years shown.

*Audit-related Fees*

KPMG LLP and RSM US LLP did not perform any audit-related services for the Company in fiscal year 2025 or 2024.

*Tax Fees*

KPMG LLP charged $57,750 for tax services in fiscal year 2025.

RSM US LLP did not perform any tax services for the Company in fiscal year 2024.

*All Other Fees*

KPMG LLP and RSM US LLP did not charge the Company for any non-audit services in fiscal year 2025 or 2024.

***Pre-approval Policies and Procedures***

The Audit Committee pre-approved all audit and audit-related services provided to the Company by KPMG LLP and RSM US LLP before management engaged the registered public accounting firm for those purposes. The policy of the Audit Committee is to review all engagement letters for accounting firms for non-audit services.

***Recommendation***

**THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" THE PROPOSAL TO RATIFY THE INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM, AS SET FORTH ABOVE.**

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**Proposal 3** – **Advisory Vote to Approve Named Executive Officer Compensation (**"**Say on Pay**"**)** 

Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and Section 14A of the Exchange Act, we are providing our stockholders the opportunity to vote to approve, on an advisory, non-binding basis, the compensation of our named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement in accordance with the SEC's rules. This proposal, which is commonly referred to as "Say on Pay," gives stockholders the opportunity, on an advisory basis, to approve, reject or abstain from voting with respect to such proposal.

Our executive compensation program is designed to enhance stockholder value by focusing on performance factors that align with our strategic objects; attract, motivate and retain highly qualified executives committed to the Company's long-term success; and provide competitive salaries relative to their peers. To that end, we provide a program of cash and equity-based awards to promote executive continuity, to align the interests of the Company's executives with those of our stockholders and to reward executives for superior performance, as measured by both financial and nonfinancial metrics.

We urge stockholders to read the "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" section of this Proxy Statement beginning on page [19](#compdiscussion), which describes the Company's executive compensation programs and the decisions made by the Compensation Committee and the Board with respect to the year ending December 31, 2025.

The Board is asking stockholders to approve the following advisory resolution at the Annual Meeting:

"RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company's named executive officers, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K in the Company's proxy statement, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and narrative discussion contained therein, is hereby approved."

Because the vote on this proposal is advisory in nature, it will not affect any compensation already paid or awarded to any named executive officer and will not be binding on or overrule any decisions of the Company, the Board or the Compensation Committee; it will not create or imply any change to the fiduciary duties of, or create or imply any additional duties for, the Company, the Board or the Compensation Committee; and it will not restrict or limit the ability of stockholders to make proposals for inclusion in proxy materials related to executive compensation. Although non-binding, the Board and the Compensation Committee will review and consider the voting results in their entirety when making future decisions regarding our executive compensation program.

***Recommendation***

**THE BOARD RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE** "**FOR**" **THE APPROVAL OF THE COMPENSATION OF THE COMPANY**'**S NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AS DISCLOSED IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT.**

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**STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS**

In order for stockholder proposals submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act to be presented at the Company's 2027 annual meeting of stockholders and included in the Company's proxy statement and form of proxy relating to such meeting, such proposals must be submitted to the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the Company's principal executive offices no later than November 25, 2026 Stockholder proposals should be submitted to the Corporate Secretary of the Company at 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229. Such proposals must also comply with the additional requirements of Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act (or any successor rule) to be eligible for inclusion in the proxy statement for the 2027 annual meeting. The rules of the SEC set forth standards for what stockholder proposals the Company is required to include in a proxy statement for an annual meeting of stockholders.

In addition, the Company's bylaws, a copy of which is available upon request, provide that only such business which is properly brought before a stockholder meeting will be conducted. For business to be properly brought before a meeting or nominations of persons for election to the Board to be properly made at a meeting by a stockholder, notice must be received by the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the Company's offices not less than 45 or more than 75 days before the one-year anniversary of the date on which the Company first mailed proxy materials for the preceding year's annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, if the meeting is convened more than 30 days before or delayed by more than 30 days after the anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, to be timely, notice must be received not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90<sup>th</sup> day before such annual meeting, or (ii) the 10<sup>th</sup> day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is made. To be in proper written form, a stockholder's notice to the Company's Corporate Secretary must, among other things, set forth as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business proposed to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and record address of such stockholder, (iii) the class or series and number of shares of the Company's capital stock which are owned beneficially or of record by such stockholder, and (iv) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act.

Accordingly, a stockholder who intends to raise a proposal to be acted upon at the 2027 annual meeting, but who does not desire to include the proposal in the Company's 2027 proxy statement, must inform the Company by sending written notice to the Company's Corporate Secretary at 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229, no earlier than January 9, 2027 nor later than February 8, 2027. The persons named as proxies in the Company's proxy for the 2027 annual meeting may exercise their discretionary authority to act upon any proposal which is properly brought before a stockholder meeting.

**STOCKHOLDERS**' **COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD**

Stockholders and other interested parties may communicate with the Company's Board, including the Chair or the independent directors as a group, by sending written communications to the Company's Corporate Secretary at 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229. Written communications should include the interested party's name and address and should indicate whether such person is a stockholder of the Company. The communication will be reviewed by Ms. Cushman and by the Audit Committee. If the communication is appropriate, it will be forwarded to the Board or the appropriate director.

**FORM 10-K**

The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, accompanies this proxy statement. The Company's Annual Report does not form any part of the material for solicitation of proxies.

**Any stockholder who wishes to obtain, without charge, a copy of the Company**'**s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, which includes financial statements, and is required to be filed with the SEC, may access it at *www.turningpointbrands.com* in the** "**Investor Relations**" **section or may send a written request to Brittani N. Cushman, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Turning Point Brands, Inc., 5201 Interchange Way, Louisville, Kentucky 40229.**

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**OTHER BUSINESS**

The Board is not aware of any other matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting other than those set forth herein and routine matters incident to the conduct of the meeting. If any other matters should properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, the persons named in the proxy, or their substitutes, intend to vote on such matters in accordance with their best judgment.

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| |
|:---|
| By Order of the Board of Directors, |
| /s/ Brittani N. Cushman |
| Brittani N. Cushman<br> *Corporate Secretary* |

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Louisville, Kentucky

March 25, 2025

*Please vote your shares through any of the methods described on the proxy card as promptly as possible, whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting virtually. If you do attend the Annual Meeting, you may still vote virtually at the meeting, since the proxy may be revoked at any time before its exercise by delivering a written revocation of the proxy to the Company*'*s Corporate Secretary.*

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