# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001683471
**File Stem:** 0000894189-23-001095
**Filing Date:** 2023-2
**Character Count:** 31819
**Document Hash:** ef711612944adcde88b43f321c0a6bd1
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0000894189-23-001095.hdr.sgml**: 20230213

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0000894189-23-001095

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 497K

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 1

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20230213

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20230213

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20230213

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Listed Funds Trust
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001683471
- **IRS NUMBER:** 826272597
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 0831

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 497K
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-215588
- **FILM NUMBER:** 23615126

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 615 E. MICHIGAN STREET
- **CITY:** MILWAUKEE
- **STATE:** WI
- **ZIP:** 53202
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 414-765-5144

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 615 E. MICHIGAN STREET
- **CITY:** MILWAUKEE
- **STATE:** WI
- **ZIP:** 53202

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20160830

## Series and Classes Contracts Data

### Horizon Kinetics Energy and Remediation ETF (Series ID: S000079432)

| Class ID   | Class Name                                  | Ticker Symbol   |
|:---|:---|:---|
| C000240468 | Horizon Kinetics Energy and Remediation ETF | NVIR            |

**Horizon Kinetics Energy and Remediation ETF (NVIR)**

**Listed on NYSE Arca, Inc.**

Summary Prospectus dated February 11, 2023

Before you invest, you may want to review the Fund's prospectus and Statement of Additional Information ("SAI"), which contain more information about the Fund and its risks. The current Prospectus and SAI dated February 11, 2023, are incorporated by reference into this Summary Prospectus. You can find the Fund's Prospectus, reports to shareholders, and other information about the Fund online at www.horizonkinetics.com/products/etf/NVIR. You can also get this information at no cost by calling 1-800-617-0004 or by sending an e-mail request to ETF@usbank.com.

**Investment Objective**

The Horizon Kinetics Energy and Remediation ETF (the "Fund") seeks long-term growth of capital.

**Fees and Expenses of the Fund**

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund ("Shares"). **You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and Example below.** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |  |
| **Annual Fund Operating Expenses** *(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)* | **Annual Fund Operating Expenses** *(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)* |
| Management Fee | 0.85% |
| Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | 0.00% |
| Other Expenses\* | 0.00% |
| **Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses** | **0.85%** |

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\* Estimated for the current fiscal year.

**Example** 

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. The Example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you may pay on your purchases and sales of Shares. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **1 Year:** | $87 | **3 Years:** | $271 |

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**Portfolio Turnover** 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.

**Principal Investment Strategies** 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund ("ETF") that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in securities of companies that are expected to benefit, either directly or indirectly, from the increasing focus on climate and environmentally sensitive carbon-based energy production. The Fund invests, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in companies that produce hydrocarbon-based energy and related products, and/or provide products or services to support such production efforts (collectively, "Energy Companies") and companies the public filings for which state they are engaged in the development and/or distribution of products or the provision of services intended to reduce or remediate the negative effects of hydrocarbon-based energy production, or that they are committed to using such products and/or services in their businesses (collectively, "Remediation Companies"). The Fund may invest in common or preferred stock of domestic and foreign companies and units of royalty trusts.

In selecting investments for the Fund's portfolio, Horizon Kinetics Asset Management LLC (the "Adviser"), the Fund's investment adviser, seeks to identify companies that it believes are positioned to benefit from the growing demand for carbon-based energy production, as well as existing and developing technologies that can reduce the environmental impact from the production of fossil

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fuels. The Adviser's investment selection process focuses on two primary categories – Energy Companies and Remediation Companies.

First, the Adviser will focus on companies that produce carbon-based energy. These companies include: (i) onshore and offshore oil/gas producers; and (ii) owners of oil/gas pipeline networks and oil and gas exploration firms. The Fund also may invest in passive entities such as royalty trusts. Royalties are generally the right of a company to receive a percentage of revenue from the production of a commodity or other utilization of the assets owned by the royalty trust.

Second, the Adviser will focus on companies that have or are developing technologies that can alleviate the negative impacts derived from the production or the consumption of hydrocarbons. These may include, but are not limited to, companies that: (i) produce or develop enhanced water meter and filtration/treatment systems; (ii) develop technologies to capture and store carbon dioxide or other types of emissions that are deemed harmful to the environment, so as to prevent their release into the atmosphere; (iii) provide or utilize products or services that enable the production or consumption of hydrocarbons in a more efficient and/or environmentally-friendly manner; and/or (iv) have developed or are developing advanced systems and technologies in the hydrocarbons industry that are currently not in use.

In selecting individual investments for the Fund's portfolio, the Adviser employs a value-driven, "bottom-up" or fundamental approach. The Adviser's research and analysis leverages insights from diverse sources, including internal research, to develop and refine its investment themes for the Fund and identify and take advantage of trends that have ramifications for individual companies or entire industries. The Adviser expects to sell portfolio holdings when it determines they no longer fit the Adviser's investment thesis or are no longer attractively valued.

The Fund will generally include approximately 30 to 60 securities in its portfolio that may range from small- to large-capitalization companies. Although the issues of a majority of the Fund's securities are expected to be either domiciled in, or earn a majority of their revenues from activities within, the United States, the Fund also may have significant exposure to issuers that are either domiciled in, or earn a majority of their revenues from activities within, Australia, Canada, and Europe.

The Fund will concentrate (*i.e.*, hold more than 25% of its total assets) in the securities of companies in the Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry. The Fund is non-diversified and therefore may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or lesser number of issuers than diversified funds.

**Principal Investment Risks** 

The principal risks of investing in the Fund are summarized below. The principal risks are presented in alphabetical order to facilitate finding particular risks and comparing them with those of other funds. Each risk summarized below is considered a "principal risk" of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears. As with any investment, there is a risk that you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund's net asset value ("NAV"), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its investment objective. The following risks could affect the value of your investment in the Fund:

**• Concentration Risk.** Because the Fund's assets will be concentrated in an industry or group of industries, the Fund is subject to loss due to adverse occurrences that may affect that industry or group of industries.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;◦ *Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry*. The Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry includes companies that engage in operating oil and gas field properties. These companies may engage in activities such as the exploration for crude petroleum and natural gas; drilling, completing, and equipping wells; operation of separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment, and field gathering lines for crude petroleum; and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas up to the point of shipment from the producing property. Companies in the Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry also include the production of oil through the mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands and the production of gas and hydrocarbon liquids through gasification, liquid faction, and pyrolysis of coal at the mine site. In addition, the Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry includes companies which have complete responsibility for operating oil and gas wells for others on a contract or fee basis.

Companies in the Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry are affected by specific risks, including, among others, fluctuations in commodity prices; reduced consumer demand for commodities such as oil, natural gas, or petroleum products; reduced availability of natural gas or other commodities for transporting, processing, storing, or delivering; slowdowns in new construction; extreme weather or other natural disasters; and threats of attack by terrorists on energy assets. Additionally, Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry companies are subject to substantial government regulation and changes in the regulatory environment for energy companies may adversely impact their profitability. Over time, depletion of natural gas reserves and other energy reserves also may affect the profitability of companies operating within the Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry.

**• Currency Exchange Rate Risk.** The Fund may invest in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Fund's investment and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change

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quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.

**• Cybersecurity Risk.** Cybersecurity incidents may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets or proprietary information, or cause the Fund, the Adviser, and/or other service providers (including custodians and financial intermediaries) to suffer data breaches or data corruption. Additionally, cybersecurity failures or breaches of the electronic systems of the Fund, the Adviser, or the Fund's other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants ("APs"), the Fund's primary listing exchange, or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests have the ability to disrupt and negatively affect the Fund's business operations, including the ability to purchase and sell Fund Shares, potentially resulting in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders.

**• Equity Market Risk.** The equity securities held in the Fund's portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, sectors or companies in which the Fund invests. Common stocks are generally exposed to greater risk than other types of securities, such as preferred stocks and debt obligations, because common stockholders generally have inferior rights to receive payment from issuers.

**• ETF Risks.** The Fund is an ETF, and, as a result of its structure, it is exposed to the following risks:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.* The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting if either: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Costs of Buying or Selling Shares Risk.* Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV Risk.* As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund's NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund's primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums or discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Trading Risk.* Although Shares are listed for trading on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the "Exchange") and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund's underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than the Shares.

**• Foreign Securities Risk.** Investments in non-U.S. securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. Investments in non-U.S. securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Because legal systems differ, there also is the possibility that it will be difficult to obtain or enforce legal judgments in certain countries. Since foreign exchanges may be open on days when the Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the Fund's portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund's shares. Conversely, Shares may trade on days when foreign exchanges are closed. Each of these factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments.

**• Geographic Investment Risk.** To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;◦ *Risks Related to Investing in Australia.* The Australian economy is heavily dependent on the price and demand for commodities and natural resources as well as its exports from the agricultural and mining sectors. Declines in the demand for such products may have an adverse impact on the Fund. Australia also is dependent on trading with key trading partners. The Fund is susceptible to loss due to adverse market, political, regulatory, and other events affecting Australia. These events may in turn adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;◦ *Risks Related to Investing in Canada.* Canada is a major producer of agricultural products and commodities, such as forest products, metals, and energy, including oil, gas and hydroelectricity. The Canadian economy, therefore, is heavily reliant on the sale of such products and resources, which can pose risks such as price fluctuations and variability of demand for exportation. Changes in spending on Canadian products by the economies of other countries or changes in any of these economies, whether due to changes in demand, market events, regulatory changes or other factors, may cause a significant impact on the Canadian economy and adversely affect the Fund.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;◦ *Risks Related to Investing in Europe.* The economies and markets of European countries are often closely connected and interdependent, and events in one country in Europe can have an adverse impact on other European countries. The Fund makes investments in securities of issuers that are domiciled in, or have significant operations in, member countries of the European Union (the "EU") that are subject to economic and monetary controls that can adversely affect the Fund's investments. The European financial markets have experienced volatility and adverse trends in recent years and these events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental or EU regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro, the default or threat of default by an EU member country on its sovereign debt, and/or an economic recession in an EU member country may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU member countries and their trading partners, including some or all of the European countries in which the Fund invests.

**• Management Risk.** The Fund is actively managed and its ability to achieve its investment objective is dependent on the Adviser's successful implementation of the Fund's investment strategies. The Adviser's evaluations and assumptions regarding global energy needs, the development of non-carbon-based energy technologies, the effectiveness and marketability of "clean energy" technologies, and other factors may not successfully achieve the Fund's investment objective given actual market conditions.

**• Market Risk.** The trading prices of securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. These factors include events impacting the entire market or specific market segments, such as political, market and economic developments, as well as events that impact specific issuers. The Fund's NAV and market price, like security and commodity prices generally, may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. U.S. and international markets have experienced significant periods of volatility in recent years due to a number of these factors, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health issues, growth concerns in the U.S. and overseas, uncertainties regarding interest rates, trade tensions and the threat of tariffs imposed by the U.S. and other countries. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, including Russia's invasion of Ukraine, acts of terrorism, spread of infectious diseases or other public health issues, recessions, rising inflation, or other events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its investments. These developments as well as other events could result in further market volatility and negatively affect financial asset prices, the liquidity of certain securities and the normal operations of securities exchanges and other markets. It is unknown how long circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic will persist, whether they will reoccur in the future, whether efforts to support the economy and financial markets will be successful, and what additional implications may follow from the pandemic. The impact of these events and other epidemics or pandemics in the future could adversely affect Fund performance.

**• Market Capitalization Risk.** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;◦ *Large-Capitalization Investing Risk.* The securities of large-capitalization companies may be relatively mature compared to smaller companies and therefore subject to slower growth during times of economic expansion. Large-capitalization companies also may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Mid-Capitalization Investing Risk.* The securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of large-capitalization companies. The securities of mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than large-capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*◦ Small-Capitalization Investing Risk.* The securities of small-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of large- or mid-capitalization companies. The securities of small-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than large- or mid-capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. There is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller-capitalization companies than for larger, more established companies.

**• New Fund Risk.** The Fund is a recently organized investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.

**• Non-Diversification Risk.** Because the Fund is "non-diversified," it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a lesser number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund. As a result, the Fund may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a lesser number of issuers than a fund that invests more

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widely. This may increase the Fund's volatility and cause the performance of a relatively small number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Fund's performance.

**• Royalty Trusts Risk.** The Fund may invest in publicly traded royalty trusts. Royalty trusts are special purpose vehicles organized as investment trusts created to make investments in operating companies or their cash flows. A royalty trust generally acquires an interest in natural resource companies and distributes the income it receives to the investors of the royalty trust. A sustained decline in demand for the royalty trust's underlying commodity could adversely affect income and royalty trust revenues and cash flows. Factors that could lead to a decrease in market demand include a recession or other adverse economic conditions, an increase in the market price of the underlying commodity, higher taxes or other regulatory actions that increase costs, or a shift in consumer demand for such products. A rising interest rate environment could adversely impact the performance of royalty trusts.

**• Sector Risk.** To the extent the Fund invests more heavily in particular sectors of the economy, its performance will be especially sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**◦** *Energy Sector Risk.* The Fund's investments are exposed to issuers conducting business in the Energy Sector, including energy, industrial, infrastructure, and logistics companies, and is therefore susceptible to the adverse economic, environmental, business, regulatory, or other occurrences affecting the Energy Sector. The Energy Sector has historically experienced substantial price volatility. At times, the performance companies operating in the Energy Sector may lag the performance of companies operating in other sectors or the market as a whole. Companies operating in the Energy Sector are subject to specific risks, including, among others, fluctuations in commodity prices; reduced consumer demand for commodities such as oil, natural gas, or petroleum products; reduced availability of natural gas or other commodities for transporting, processing, storing, or delivering; slowdowns in new construction; extreme weather or other natural disasters; and threats of attack by terrorists on energy assets. Additionally, Energy Sector companies are subject to substantial government regulation and changes in the regulatory environment for energy companies may adversely impact their profitability. Over time, depletion of natural gas reserves and other energy reserves also may affect the profitability of companies operating within the Energy Sector.

**• Tax Risk.** In order to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies ("RICs") the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from certain categories of income ("qualifying income") and must satisfy certain asset diversification requirements. Certain of the Fund's investments, including certain investments in royalty trusts, may generate income that is not qualifying income. The Fund will seek to restrict its income from such investments that do not generate qualifying income to a maximum of 10% of its gross income (when combined with its other investments that produce non-qualifying income) to comply with the qualifying income requirement for the Fund to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code").

**• Temporary Defensive Positions Risk.** If the Fund takes a temporary defensive position, it may invest all or a large portion of its assets in cash and/or cash equivalents. If the Fund takes a temporary defensive position, it may not achieve its investment objective.

**Performance** 

The Fund is new and therefore does not have a performance history for a full calendar year. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund's website at www.horizonkinetics.com/products/etf/nvir.

**Portfolio Management** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| *Adviser* | Horizon Kinetics Asset Management LLC |
| *Portfolio Managers* | Peter B. Doyle, Managing Director and Co-Founder, Fredrik Tjernstrom, Portfolio Manager and Research Analyst, and Steven Tuen, Portfolio Manager and Research Analyst, have been the portfolio managers of the Fund since its inception in February 2023 |

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**Purchase and Sale of Shares** 

The Fund issues and redeems Shares at NAV only in large blocks known as "Creation Units," which only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of securities and/or a designated amount of U.S. cash.

Shares are listed on the Exchange, and individual Shares may only be bought and sold in the secondary market through a broker or dealer at market prices, rather than NAV. Because Shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).

An investor may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Shares (the "bid" price) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Shares (the "ask" price) when buying or selling Shares in the secondary market. The difference in the bid and ask prices is referred to as the "bid-ask spread."

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Recent information regarding the Fund's NAV, market price, how often Shares traded on the Exchange at a premium or discount, and bid-ask spreads can be found on the Fund's website at www.horizonkinetics.com/products/etf/nvir.

**Tax Information** 

The Fund's distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, or capital gains (or a combination), unless your investment is in an individual retirement account ("IRA") or other tax-advantaged account. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those accounts.

**Financial Intermediary Compensation** 

If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (an "Intermediary"), the Adviser or its affiliates may pay Intermediaries for certain activities related to the Fund, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange-traded products, including the Fund, or for other activities, such as marketing, educational training or other initiatives related to the sale or promotion of Shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Any such arrangements do not result in increased Fund expenses. Ask your salesperson or visit the Intermediary's website for more information.