# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001584831
**File Stem:** 0001641172-25-023960
**Filing Date:** 2025-8
**Character Count:** 149583
**Document Hash:** e6c3d330f334da75a0f08bed13a2c291
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001641172-25-023960.hdr.sgml**: 20250814

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001641172-25-023960

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 10-Q

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 72

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20250630

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20250814

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20250814

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS Ltd
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001584831
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** FIRE, MARINE & CASUALTY INSURANCE [6331]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 02 Finance
- **EIN:** 981150254
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** E9
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 10-Q
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-36346
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251218481

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** SUITE 201, 42 EDWARD STREET
- **STREET 2:** P.O. BOX 469
- **CITY:** GEORGETOWN
- **STATE:** E9
- **ZIP:** KY1-9006
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 345-749-7570

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** SUITE 201, 42 EDWARD STREET
- **STREET 2:** P.O. BOX 469
- **CITY:** GEORGETOWN
- **STATE:** E9
- **ZIP:** KY1-9006

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

**FORM 10-Q**

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY
 REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended <u>June 30, 2025</u>

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: <u>1-36346</u>

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Cayman Islands | **98-1150254** |
| (State or other jurisdiction of<br> incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer<br> Identification No.) |

---

<u>Suite 201 42 Edward Street, Georgetown P.O. Box 469 Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands</u> <u>KY1-9006</u> <br> (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: <u>(345) 749-7570</u>

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ |
| Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |

---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ______

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Yes | ☐ | No | ☒ |

---

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

As of August 13, 2025; [ 7,535,922 ] ordinary shares, par value $0.001 per share, were outstanding.

**<u>OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED</u>**

**<u>INDEX</u>**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | | Page |
| **[PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION](#Da_001)** | **[PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION](#Da_001)** |  |
| Item 1. | [Financial Statements](#Da_002) | 3 |
|  | [Consolidated Balance Sheets June 30, 2025 (unaudited) and December 31, 2024](#Da_003) | 3 |
|  | [Consolidated Statements of Operations Three Months and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)](#Da_004) | 4 |
|  | [Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)](#Da_005) | 5 |
|  | [Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (unaudited)](#Da_006) | 6 |
|  | [Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)](#Da_007) | 7 |
| Item 2. | [Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations](#Da_008) | 24 |
| Item 3. | [Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk](#Da_009) | 34 |
| Item 4. | [Controls and Procedures](#Da_010) | 35 |
| **[PART II – OTHER INFORMATION](#Da_011)** | **[PART II – OTHER INFORMATION](#Da_011)** |  |
| Item 1. | [Legal Proceedings](#Da_012) | 35 |
| Item 1A. | [Risk Factors](#Da_013) | 35 |
| Item 2. | [Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds](#Da_014) | 35 |
| Item 3. | [Defaults Upon Senior Securities](#Da_015) | 35 |
| Item 4. | [Mine Safety Disclosures](#Da_016) | 35 |
| Item 5. | [Other Information](#Da_017) | 35 |
| Item 6. | [Exhibits](#Da_018) | 36 |
|  | [Signatures](#Da_019) | 37 |

---

**PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION**

**Item 1. Financial Statements** 

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Consolidated Balance Sheets**

**(expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except per share and share amounts)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **At June 30,**<br> **2025** | **At December 31,**<br> **2024** |
|  | **(Unaudited)** | |
| **Assets** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investments: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Equity securities, at fair value (cost: $1,532 and $1,532) | $104 | 113 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash equivalents | 3870 | 2135 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Restricted cash and cash equivalents | 2783 | 3758 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Premiums receivable | 1977 | 1059 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other Investments |  | 48 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred policy acquisition costs | 224 | 109 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease right-of-use assets | 96 | 148 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepayment and other assets | 117 | 94 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Property and equipment, net | 1 | 1 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total assets | $9172 | 7465 |
| **Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity** |  |  |
| Liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses | 175 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notes payable to noteholders | 118 | 118 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unearned premiums reserve | 2037 | 991 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | 96 | 148 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable and other liabilities | 259 | 366 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities | 2685 | 1623 |
| Mezzanine Equity |  |  |
| Due to EpsilonCat Re / DeltaCat Re / EtaCat Re / ZetaCat Re Tokenholders | 1206 | 1732 |
| Shareholders' equity: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ordinary share capital, (par value $0.001, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 7,442,922 and 6,379,002 shares issued and outstanding) | 6 | 6 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Additional paid-in capital | 37405 | 34105 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accumulated Deficit | (32071) | (30163) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total Oxbridge shareholders' equity | 5340 | 3948 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-controlling interests | (59) | 162 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total shareholders' equity | 5281 | 4110 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $9172 | 7465 |

---

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Consolidated Statements of Operations**

**(Unaudited)**

**(expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except per share amounts)**

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** | **Three Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** | **Six Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** | **Six Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **Revenue** |  |  |  |  |
| Assumed premiums | $2222 | $2379 | $2222 | $2379 |
| Change in unearned premiums reserve | (1640) | (1815) | (1046) | (1266) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net premiums earned | 582 | 564 | 1176 | 1113 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SurancePlus management fee income | 1 | 312 | 1 | 312 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net investment and other income | 93 | 65 | 173 | 126 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Realized gain on other investments |  |  | 35 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest and gain on redemption of loan receivable |  |  |  | 41 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unrealized loss on other investments |  | (825) | (20) | (1513) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of equity securities | (12) | (72) | (9) | (160) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total revenue | 664 | 44 | 1356 | (81) |
| **Expenses** |  |  |  |  |
| Losses and loss adjustment expenses | 2293 |  | 2293 |  |
| Policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses | 64 | 62 | 129 | 122 |
| General and administrative expenses | 1257 | 566 | 1762 | 1054 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total expenses | 3614 | 628 | 4184 | 1176 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss before loss (income) attributable to tokenholders and non-controlling interests | (2950) | (584) | (2828) | (1257) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss (income) attributable to tokenholders | 946 | (237) | 699 | (469) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss before loss attributable to non-contrrolling interests | (2004) | (821) | (2129) | (1726) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss attributable to non-controlling interests | 131 | - | 117 | - |
| **Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders** | $**(1873)** | $**(821)** | $**(2012)** | $**(1726)** |
| **Loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders** |  |  |  |  |
| Basic and Diluted | $(0.25) | $(0.14) | $(0.28) | $(0.29) |
| **Weighted-average shares outstanding** |  |  |  |  |
| Basic and Diluted | 7442922 | 6010561 | 7174014 | 6007868 |

---

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows** 

**(Unaudited)**

**(expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars)**

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Six Months Ended** | **Six Months Ended** |
|  | **June 30,** | **June 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** |
| **Operating activities** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders | $(2012) | (1726) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Share-based compensation | 178 | 106 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Realized gain on other investments | (35) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization |  | 2 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SurancePlus management fee income | (1) | (312) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of other investments | 20 | 1513 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of equity securities | 9 | 160 |
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interests | (117) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest and gain on redemption of loan receivable |  | (41) |
| **Change in operating assets and liabilities:** |  |  |
| Operating right-of-use asset | 52 |  |
| Operating lease liabilities | (52) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Premiums receivable | (918) | (1141) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred policy acquisition costs | (115) | (139) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepayment and other assets | (23) | (17) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses | 175 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unearned premiums reserve | 1046 | 1266 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable and other liabilities | (106) | 18 |
| Net cash used in operating activities | (1899) | (311) |
| **Investing activities** |  |  |
| Proceeds of loan receivable |  | 141 |
| Proceeds from sale of other investments | 63 |  |
| Proceeds from sale of equity securities | - | 307 |
| Net cash provided by investing activities | 63 | 448 |
| **Financing activities** |  |  |
| EpsilonCat Re / DeltaCat Re Tokenholders | (526) | (1441) |
| Net proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares | 3122 | 75 |
| Net proceeds from issuance of Zeta/Eta Cat Re tokens | - | 1469 |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 2596 | 103 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents: |  |  |
| Net change during the period | 760 | 240 |
| Balance at beginning of period | 5893 | 3745 |
| Balance at end of period | $6653 | 3985 |
| **Non-cash investing and financing activities** |  |  |
| Right-of-use lease asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $- | 124 |
| Reclassification of contributed non-controlling interest | $104 | - |
| Reclassification of other liabilities |  |  |
| EpsilonCat Re / DeltaCat Re Tokenholders to Mezzanine Equity | $1732 | - |

---

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (unaudited)**

**Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024**

**(expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share amounts)**

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Ordinary Share Capital** | **Ordinary Share Capital** | | | | |
|  | **Shares** | **Amount** | **Additional Paid-in**<br>**Capital** | **Accumulated**<br>**Deficit** | **Non-Controlling**<br>**Interests** | **Total Shareholders'**<br>**Equity** |
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | 5870234 | $6 | $32740 | $(27414) | $- | $5332 |
| Net loss for the period |  |  |  | (905) |  | (905) |
| Issuance of restricted stock, net | 136427 |  |  |  |  |  |
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | 72 | - | - | 72 |
| Balance at March 31, 2024 | 6006661 | 6 | 32812 | (28319) | - | 4499 |
| Net loss for the period |  |  |  | (821) |  | (821) |
| Issuance of ordinary shares | 29918 |  | 75 |  |  | 75 |
| Share based compensation | - | - | 34 | - | - | 34 |
| Balance at June 30 2024 | 6036579 | 6 | 32921 | (29140) | - | 3787 |
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | 6379002 | 6 | 34105 | (30163) | 162 | 4110 |
| Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders |  |  |  | (139) |  | (139) |
| Income attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  |  |  | 14 | 14 |
| Issuance of restricted stock, net | 83162 |  |  |  |  |  |
| Issuance of shares upon exercise of options | 177159 |  |  |  |  |  |
| Stock-based compensation |  |  | 108 |  |  | 108 |
| Issuance of ordinary shares | 803599 | - | 3122 | - | - | 3122 |
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | 7442922 | 6 | 37335 | (30302) | 176 | 7215 |
| Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders |  |  |  | (1873) |  | (1873) |
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  |  |  | (131) | (131) |
| Reclassification for contributed non-controlling interests |  |  |  | 104 | (104) |  |
| Stock-based compensation | - | - | 70 | - | - | 70 |
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | 7442922 | $6 | $37405 | $(32071) | $(59) | $5281 |

---

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**(a) Organization**

Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited (the "Company") was incorporated as an exempted company on April 4, 2013 under the laws of the Cayman Islands. The Company directly owns 100% of the equity interest in Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited, an exempted entity incorporated on April 23, 2013 under the laws of the Cayman Islands and for which a Class "C" Insurer's license was granted on April 29, 2013 under the provisions of the Cayman Islands Insurance Law. Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited provides reinsurance business solutions primarily to property and casualty insurers in the Gulf Coast region of the United States.

The Company also indirectly owns 80% of the equity interest in Oxbridge Re NS, an entity incorporated as an exempted company on December 22, 2017 under the laws of the Cayman Islands to function as a reinsurance sidecar facility and to increase the underwriting capacity of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited. The Company also indirectly owns 80% of the equity interest in SurancePlus Inc. ("SurancePlus"), an entity incorporated as a business company on December 19, 2022 under the laws of the British Virgin Islands to issue digital securities.

The Company and its subsidiaries (collectively "Oxbridge Re") businesses are as follows: SurancePlus Holdings Ltd. ("SP Holdings") is an 80% owned Web3-focused holding subsidiary, that owns 100% interest in SurancePlus, a Web3-focused subsidiary that currently leverages blockchain technology to democratize access to high-return reinsurance contracts via digital securities; and 100% interest in Oxbridge Re NS, a licensed reinsurance SPV/side car that provides third-party investors with access to reinsurance contracts with returns uncorrelated to the financial markets. Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited is a 100% licensed reinsurance subsidiary of the Company that provides reinsurance business solutions primarily to property and casualty insurers in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. The Company, primarily through SP Holdings, has operated as a single Web3 focused business segment since June 1, 2023, and provides financial segment data via Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.

The Company's headquarters and principal executive offices are located at Suite 201, 42 Edward Street, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, and have their registered offices at P.O. Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.

The Company's ordinary shares and warrants are listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols "OXBR" and "OXBRW," respectively.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**(b) Basis of Presentation and Consolidation**

The accompanying unaudited, consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information, and the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules for interim financial reporting. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, in the opinion of management, the accompanying interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the Company's consolidated financial position as of June 30, 2025 and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The consolidated results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for any subsequent interim period or for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in the Company's Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on March 26, 2025.

**<u>Uses of Estimates</u>**: In preparing the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements, management was required to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures at the financial reporting date and throughout the periods being reported upon. Certain of the estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex and consequently actual results may differ from these estimates, which would be reflected in future periods.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near-term relate to the determination of the reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses (if any), which may include amounts estimated for claims incurred but not yet reported. The Company uses various assumptions and actuarial data it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances to make these estimates. Although considerable variability is likely to be inherent in these estimates, management believes that the amounts provided are reasonable. These estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted if necessary. Such adjustments are reflected in current operations.

The Company consolidates in these consolidated financial statements the results of operations and financial position of all voting interest entities ("VOE") in which the Company has a controlling financial interest and all variable interest entities ("VIE") in which the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary. The consolidation assessment, including the determination as to whether an entity qualifies as a VIE or VOE, depends on the facts and circumstances surrounding each entity.

All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES**

**<u>Revenue Recognition:</u>** SurancePlus incentive, technology, origination and management ("ITOM") fee income represents fee income related to the completion of the SurancePlus' CatRe tokenized reinsurance securities as well as placement of the underlying insurance policies. The Company recognizes the associated revenue at the time of the placement of the underlying insurance policies as the performance obligation is satisfied at that time.

**<u>Cash and cash equivalents:</u>** Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of cash and short- term investments with original maturities of three months or less.

**<u>Restricted cash and cash equivalents:</u>** Restricted cash and cash equivalents represent funds held in accordance with the Company's trust agreements with ceding insurers and trustees, which requires the Company to maintain collateral with a market value greater than or equal to the limit of liability, less unpaid premium.

**<u>Investments</u>**<u>:</u> The Company from time to time invests in fixed-maturity debt securities and equity securities, and for which its fixed-maturity debt securities are classified as available-for-sale. The Company's available for sale debt investments are carried at fair value with changes in fair value included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders' equity. For the Company's investment in equity securities, and for the Company's investment in Jet.AI. classified as "other investments", the changes in fair value are recorded within the consolidated statements of operations. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the company did not own any fixed maturity debt securities.

Unrealized gains or losses are determined by comparing the fair market value of the securities with their cost or amortized cost. Realized gains and losses on investments are recorded on the trade date and are included in the consolidated statements of operations. The cost of securities sold is based on the specified identification method. Investment income is recognized as earned and discounts or premiums arising from the purchase of debt securities are recognized in investment income using the interest method over the remaining term of the security.

**<u>Non-controlling interests:</u>** Non-controlling interests represent the portion of net assets and net income of consolidated subsidiaries that are not attributable to the Company. The Company recognizes non-controlling interests as a separate component of equity in the consolidated balance sheets and separately presents the portion of net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the Company's ownership interests in its subsidiaries that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions. The non-controlling interest holders are not obligated to fund losses in the consolidated subsidiaries. The Company evaluates all transactions with non-controlling interest holders based on Accounting Standards Codification 810 guidance and records any gains or losses directly to equity.

**<u>Fair value measurement</u>**: GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under GAAP are as follows:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Level 1 | Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date; |
| Level 2 | Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly, including inputs in markets that are not considered to be active; and |
| Level 3 | Inputs that are unobservable. |

---

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)**

**<u>Fair value measurement (cont'd)</u>**

Inputs are used in applying the various valuation techniques and broadly refer to the assumptions that market participants use to make valuation decisions, including assumptions about risk. For fixed maturity debt securities, inputs may include price information, volatility statistics, specific and broad credit data, liquidity statistics, broker quotes for similar securities and other factors. The fair value of investments in stocks and exchange-traded funds is based on the last traded price. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. However, the determination of what constitutes "observable" requires significant judgment by the Company's investment custodians and management. The investment custodians consider observable data to be market data which is readily available, regularly distributed or updated, reliable and verifiable, not proprietary, and provided by independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant markets.

**<u>Deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC"):</u>** Policy acquisition costs consist of brokerage fees, federal excise taxes and other costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts and are deferred and amortized over the terms of the reinsurance agreements to which they relate. The Company evaluates the recoverability of DAC by determining if the sum of future earned premiums and anticipated investment income is greater than the expected future claims and expenses. If a loss is probable on the unexpired portion of policies in force, a premium deficiency loss is recognized.

**<u>Property and equipment</u>**: Property and equipment are recorded at cost when acquired. Property and equipment are comprised of motor vehicles, furniture and fixtures, computer equipment and leasehold improvements and are depreciated, using the straight-line method, over their estimated useful lives, which are five years for furniture and fixtures and computer equipment and four years for motor vehicles. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the assets or remaining lease term.

**<u>Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses:</u>** The Company determines its reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses, if any, on the basis of the claims reported by the Company's ceding insurers and for losses incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), management uses the assistance of an independent actuary. The reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses represent management's best estimate of the ultimate settlement costs of all losses and loss adjustment expenses. Management believes that the amounts are adequate; however, the inherent impossibility of predicting future events with precision, results in uncertainty as to the amount which will ultimately be required for the settlement of losses and loss expenses, and the differences could be material. Adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which they are determined.

**<u>Loss experience refund payable:</u>** Certain contracts may include retrospective provisions that adjust premiums or result in profit commissions in the event losses are minimal or zero. In accordance with GAAP, the Company will recognize a liability in the period in which the absence of loss experience obligates the Company to pay cash or other consideration under the contracts. On the contrary, the Company will derecognize such liability in the period in which a loss experience arises. Such adjustments to the liability, which accrue throughout the contract terms, will reduce the liability should a catastrophic loss event covered by the Company occur.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)**

**<u>Premiums assumed:</u>** The Company records premiums assumed, net of loss experience refunds, as earned pro-rata over the terms of the reinsurance agreements, or period of risk, where applicable, and the unearned portion at the consolidated balance sheet date is recorded as unearned premiums reserve. A reserve is made for estimated premium deficiencies to the extent that estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses exceed related unearned premiums. Investment income is not considered in determining whether or not a deficiency exists.

Subsequent adjustments of premiums assumed, based on reports of actual premium by the ceding companies, or revisions in estimates of ultimate premium, are recorded in the period in which they are determined. Such adjustments are generally determined after the associated risk periods have expired; in which case the premium adjustments are fully earned when assumed.

Certain contracts allow for reinstatement premiums in the event of a full limit loss prior to the expiration of the contract. A reinstatement premium is not due until there is a full limit loss event and therefore, in accordance with GAAP, the Company records a reinstatement premium as written only in the event that the reinsured incurs a full limit loss on the contract and the contract allows for a reinstatement of coverage upon payment of an additional premium. For catastrophe contracts which contractually require the payment of a reinstatement premium equal to or greater than the original premium upon the occurrence of a full limit loss, the reinstatement premiums are earned over the original contract period. Reinstatement premiums that are contractually calculated on a pro-rata basis of the original premiums are earned over the remaining coverage period.

**<u>Unearned Premiums Ceded:</u>** The Company may reduce the risk of future losses on business assumed by reinsuring certain risks and exposures with other reinsurers (retrocessionaires). The Company remains liable to the extent that any retrocessionaire fails to meet its obligations and to the extent that the Company does not hold sufficient security for their unpaid obligations.

Ceded premiums are written during the period in which the risk is incepted and are expensed over the contract period in proportion to the period of protection. Unearned premiums ceded consist of the unexpired portion of the reinsurance obtained. There were no unearned premiums ceded at June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

**<u>Uncertain Income Tax Positions:</u>** The authoritative GAAP guidance on accounting for, and disclosure of, uncertainty in income tax positions requires the Company to determine whether an income tax position of the Company is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. For income tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the tax amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements, if any, is reduced by the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant taxing authority. The application of this authoritative guidance has had no effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements because the Company had no uncertain tax positions at June 30, 2025.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)**

**<u>Loss Per Share:</u>** Basic loss per share has been computed on the basis of the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted loss per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding and reflects the assumed exercise or conversion of diluted securities, such as stock options and warrants, computed using the treasury stock method.

**<u>Share-Based Compensation</u>:** The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the fair value recognition provisions of GAAP which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors, including stock options and restricted stock issuances based on estimated fair values. The Company measures compensation for restricted stock based on the price of the Company's ordinary shares at the grant date. Determining the fair value of stock options at the grant date requires significant estimation and judgment. The Company uses an option-pricing model (Black-Scholes option pricing model) to assist in the calculation of fair value for stock options. When estimating the expected volatility, the Company takes into consideration the historical volatility of entities similar to itself. The Company considers factors such as an entity's industry, stage of life cycle, size and financial leverage when selecting similar entities. The Company may use a sample peer group of companies in the reinsurance industry and/or the Company's own historical volatility in determining the expected volatility.

Additionally, the Company uses the guidance in the SEC's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 to determine the estimated life of options issued and has assumed no forfeitures during the life of the options.

The Company uses the straight-line attribution method for all grants that include only a service condition. Compensation expenses related to all awards is included in general and administrative expenses.

**<u>Accounting Updates:</u>** From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the effect of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

**<u>Segment Information</u>:** Under GAAP, operating segments are based on the internal information that management uses for allocating resources and assessing performance as the source of the Company's reportable segments. The Company manages its business on the basis of one operating segment, Web 3/Property and Casualty Reinsurance, in accordance with the qualitative and quantitative criteria established under GAAP.

**<u>Reclassifications:</u>** Any reclassifications of prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

**3. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS**

SUMMARY OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **At June 30,**<br>**2025** | **At December 31,**<br>**2024** |
|  | **(in thousands)** | **(in thousands)** |
| Cash on deposit | $3870 | $2135 |
| Restricted cash held in trust | 2783 | 3758 |
| Total | $6653 | $5893 |

---

Cash and cash equivalents are held by large and reputable counterparties in the United States of America and in the Cayman Islands. Restricted cash held in trust is custodied with Truist Bank, and is held in accordance with the Company's trust agreements with the ceding insurers and trustees, which require that the Company provide collateral having a market value greater than or equal to the limit of liability, less unpaid premium.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**4. INVESTMENTS**

The Company from time to time invests in fixed-maturity debt securities and equity securities, with its fixed-maturity debt securities classified as available-for-sale. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not hold any available-for-sale securities. There were no sales of equity securities during the period ended June 30, 2025. Proceeds from sales and the gross realized and unrealized gains for the period ended June 30, 2024 are as follows:

SCHEDULE OF PROCEEDS RECEIVED, GROSS REALIZED GAINS AND LOSSES FROM SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Gross**<br> **proceeds**<br> **from sales** | **Gross**<br> **Realized**<br> **Gains** | **Gross**<br> **Realized**<br> **Losses** |
|  | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** |
| *<u>Six months ended June 30, 2024</u>* |  |  |  |
| Equity securities | $307 | $- | $- |

---

**Other Investments** 

The Company's investment in Jet.Ai stock was sold during the six month period ending June 30, 2025 for a consideration of $63,000.

Other investments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consist of the following (in thousands):

SCHEDULE OF OTHER INVESTMENTS

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **June 30,**<br> **2025** | **December 31,**<br> **2024** |
| Jet.AI common stock | $- | $48 |

---

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**4. INVESTMENTS (** **continued)**

**Assets Measured at Estimated Fair Value on a Recurring Basis**

The following table presents information about the Company's financial assets measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis that is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets at carrying value. The table indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS MEASURED ON RECURRING BASIS

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | |
| | **(Level 1)** | **(Level 2)** | **(Level 3)** |<br>**Total** |
| <br>***As of June 30, 2025*** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** |
| Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Cash and cash equivalents* | $3870 | $- | $- | $3870 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Restricted cash and cash equivalents* | $2783 | $- | $- | $2783 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Equity securities* | $104 | $- | $- | $104 |
| Total | $6757 | $- | $- | $6757 |

---

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | **Fair Value Measurements Using** | |
| | **(Level 1)** | **(Level 2)** | **(Level 3)** |<br>**Total** |
| <br>***As of December 31, 2024*** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** | **($ in thousands)** |
| Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Cash and cash equivalents* | $2135 | $- | $- | $2135 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Restricted cash and cash equivalents* | $3758 | $- | $- | $3758 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Other investments* | $48 | $- | $- | $48 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*Equity securities* | $113 | $- | $- | $113 |
| Total | $6054 | $- | $- | $6054 |

---

There were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3 during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**5. TAXATION**

Under current Cayman Islands law, no corporate entity, including the Company and the subsidiaries, is obligated to pay taxes in the Cayman Islands on either income or capital gains. The Company and Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited have an undertaking from the Governor-in-Cabinet of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the provisions of the Tax Concessions Law, as amended, that, in the event that the Cayman Islands enacts any legislation that imposes tax on profits, income, gains or appreciations, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax will not be applicable to the Company and Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited or their operations, or to the ordinary shares or related obligations, until April 23, 2033 and May 17, 2033, respectively.

The Company and its subsidiaries intend to conduct substantially all of their operations in the Cayman Islands in a manner such that they will not be engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. However, because there is no definitive authority regarding activities that constitute being engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. for federal income tax purposes, the Company cannot assure that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service will not contend, perhaps successfully, that the Company or its subsidiary is engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. a foreign corporation deemed to be so engaged would be subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as branch profits tax, on its income that is treated as effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business unless the corporation is entitled to relief under an applicable tax treaty.

**6.** **VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES**

*Oxbridge Re NS.* On December 22, 2017, the Company established Oxbridge Re NS, a Cayman domiciled and licensed special purpose insurer, formed to provide additional collateralized capacity to support Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's reinsurance business. In respect of the debt issued by Oxbridge Re NS to investors, Oxbridge Re NS has entered into a retrocession agreement with Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited effective September 1, 2020. Under this agreement, Oxbridge Re NS receives a quota share of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's catastrophe business. Oxbridge Re NS is a non-rated insurer and the risks have been fully collateralized by way of funds held in trust for the benefit of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited. Oxbridge Re NS is able to provide investors with access to natural catastrophe risk backed by the distribution, underwriting, analysis and research expertise of Oxbridge Re.

The Company has determined that Oxbridge Re NS meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and has consolidated the subsidiary upon its formation, as it owns 80% of the voting shares, 80% of the issued share capital and has a significant financial interest and the power to control the activities of Oxbridge Re NS that most significantly impacts its economic performance. The Company has no other obligation to provide financial support to Oxbridge Re NS. Neither the creditors nor beneficial interest holders of Oxbridge Re NS have recourse to the Company's general credit.

Upon issuance of a series of participating notes by Oxbridge Re NS, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally is expected to be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned is expected to be reduced by such noteholder's pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable annually, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable annually, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company receives an origination and structuring fee in connection with the formation, operation and management of Oxbridge Re NS.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**6.** **VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (continued)**

**Notes Payable to Series 2020-1 noteholders** 

Oxbridge Re NS entered into a retrocession agreement with Oxbridge Reinsurance Ltd on June 1, 2020 and issued $216,000 of participating notes which provides quota share support for Oxbridge Re's global property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance business. The participating notes have been assigned Series 2020-1 and matured on June 1, 2023. Participating notes totaling $98,000 were redeemed during the year ended December 31, 2023 resulting in a balance due of $118,000 at December 31, 2024. None of the participating notes were redeemed during the six-month period ending June 30, 2025.

The income from Oxbridge Re NS operations that are attributable to the participating notes noteholders for the six-months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was $0.

**SurancePlus Inc.**

SurancePlus Inc. ("SurancePlus"), an indirectly owned subsidiary of Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, was incorporated as a British Virgin Islands Business Company on December 19, 2022 for the purposes of tokenizing reinsurance contracts underwritten by its affiliated licensed reinsurer, Oxbridge Re NS.

On March 27, 2023, the Company and SurancePlus, issued a press release announcing the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of DeltaCat Re tokenized reinsurance securities (the "Tokens"), which represent Series DeltaCat Preferred Shares of SurancePlus ("Preferred Shares", and together with the Tokens, the "Securities"). Each digital security or token, which will have a purchase price of $10.00 per Token, will represent one Preferred Share of SurancePlus. On September 11, 2023, the DeltaCat Re tokens were reclassified as tokenized interests carrying rights equivalent to the DeltaCat Re Preferred Shares in accordance with the provisions of British Virgin Islands law.

The proceeds from the offer and sale of the Securities will be used by SurancePlus to purchase one or more participating notes of Oxbridge Re NS, and the proceeds from the sale of participating notes will be invested in collateralized reinsurance contracts to be underwritten by Oxbridge Re NS. The holders of the digital Securities will generally be entitled to proceeds from the payment of participating notes in the amount of a preferred return of 20% plus an additional 80% of any proceeds in excess of the amount necessary to pay the preferred return. Assuming no casualty losses to properties reinsured by Oxbridge Re's reinsurance subsidiaries, DeltaCat Re token investors are expected to receive an annual return on the original purchase price of 42%.

On June 27, 2023, SurancePlus Inc. completed its private placement (the "Private Placement") of Series DeltaCat Re Preferred Shares represented by DeltaCat Re Tokens (the "Securities"). On June 27, 2023, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with accredited investors and non-U.S. persons in the Private Placement with respect to 229,766 of the Securities at a purchase price of $10.00 per token for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,297,660. SurancePlus also previously entered into subscription agreements for and sold 15,010 of the Securities between April 5, 2023 and May 18, 2023 for gross proceeds of $150,100, also at a purchase price of $10.00 per token. The aggregate amount raised in the Private Placement was $2,447,760 for the issuance of 244,776 Securities of which approximately $1,280,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,167,000 from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited. Approximately $300,000 and $274,000 of ITOM fees were deducted from the gross proceeds from the third-party investors and Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, respectively. The tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of DeltaCat Re tokenized reinsurance securities indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re's reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2023-2024 treaty year.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**6.** **VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (continued)**

On June 28, 2023, Oxbridge issued a press release announcing the completion of the Private Placement.

On March 18, 2024, the Company and its indirectly owned subsidiary SurancePlus Inc , announced the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of Participation Shares (the "Securities") represented by digital tokens to be issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and shall have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC. At the offering's commencement, up to one million (1,000,000) Participation Shares will be issued, represented by digital tokens labelled "EpsilonCat Re". The quantity of Participation Shares to be issued in subsequent years of 2025, and 2026, shall be disclosed prior to their issuances. At the start of the offering, the Participation Shares will be offered at an initial price of $10.00 per Participation Share.

On July 11, 2024, SurancePlus completed its private placement (the "Private Placement") of Participation Shares (the "Securities") represented by digital tokens issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). On July 11, 2024, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with accredited investors and non-U.S. persons in the Private Placement with respect to 287,705 of the Participation Shares represented by the digital tokens, EpsilonCat Re at a purchase price of $10.00 per Participation Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,878,048 of which approximately $1,469,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,409,000 from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited. Approximately $312,000 and $299,000 of management fees were deducted from the gross proceeds from the third-party investors and Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, respectively, The tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of EpsilonCat Re tokenized Participation Shares indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re's reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2024-2025 treaty year. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC.

During the three months period ended June 30, 2025, the Company and its indirectly owned subsidiary SurancePlus Inc., announced the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of Participation Shares (the "Securities") represented by digital tokens to be issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and shall have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC. Under the offering, Participation Shares will be issued, represented by digital tokens labelled "ZetaCat Re" and "EtaCat Re" at an initial price of $10.00 per Participating Share. The quantity of Participation Shares to be issued in subsequent years of 2026, and 2027, shall be disclosed prior to their issuances. At the start of the offering, the Participation Shares will be offered at an initial price of $10.00 per Participation Share.

On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus completed its private placement (the "Private Placement") of Participation Shares (the "Securities") represented by digital tokens issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with investors in the Private Placement with respect to 361,191 of the Participation Shares represented by the digital tokens, ZetaCat Re (156,191 tokens) and EtaCat Re (205,000 tokens) at a purchase price of $10.00 per Participation Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,611,910. The tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of the ZetaCatRe and EtaCatRe tokenized Participation Shares indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re's reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2025-2026 treaty year. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC.

The Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or any state or other securities laws and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent an effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from registration requirements or a transaction not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act or any state or other securities laws. The Securities were sold in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act and were sold only to persons reasonably believed to be accredited investors in the United States under SEC Rule 506(c) under the Securities Act and outside the United States only to non-U.S. persons in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act.

Under Accounting Standards Codification 480 "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity" (ASC 480) a redeemable financial instrument that will be redeemed only upon the occurrence of a conditional event is required to be excluded from presentation on the consolidated balance sheets as a liability. The potential cash settlement of the PSIC is contingent upon there being no losses with respect to the underlying reinsurance contracts. Therefore, since these events are not solely within the control of the Company the PSIC has been presented as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as required by ASC 480.

SCHEDULE OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Statement of Operations Data:** | **For Three Months Ended**<br> **June 30, 2025** | **For Six Months Ended**<br> **June 30, 2025** |
|  | **(Unaudited)** | **(Unaudited)** |
| Management fee income | 529 | 529 |
| Net investment and other income | 8 | 15 |
| Underwriting related income | 518 | 1047 |
| Total revenue | 1055 | 1591 |
| Expenses | (2927) | (2957) |
| Income attributable to tokenholders | (476) | (958) |
| Loss attributable to tokenholders\* | 1652 | 1652 |
| Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders | (696) | (672) |

---

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Balance Sheet Data:** | **At June 30,**<br> **2025** | **At December 31,**<br> **2024** |
|  | **(Unaudited)** | **(Unaudited)** |
|  | **(In thousands)** | **(In thousands)** |
| Total assets | 10279 | 4794 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Amounts due to EpsilonCat Re / DeltaCat Re / ZetaCat Re / EtaCat Re tokenholders\*\* | 5317 | 2284 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Due to Parent | 90 | 40 |
| Total shareholder's equity | 4872 | 2470 |

---

\* represents allocation to tokenholders capital and income toward Hurricane Milton loss

\*\* includes underwriting profit of $556,000 (2024: $552,000) due to Parent.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**7. RESERVE FOR LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES**

SCHEDULE OF LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **At June 30,**<br>**2025** | **At June 30,**<br>**2024** |
|  | **(in thousands)** | **(in thousands)** |
| Balance, beginning of period | $- | $- |
| Incurred related to: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current period |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prior period | 2293 | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total incurred | 2293 | - |
| Paid related to: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current period |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prior period | 2118 | - |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total paid | 2118 | - |
| Balance, end of period | $175 | $- |

---

When losses occur, the reserves for losses and LAE are typically comprised of case reserves (which are based on claims that have been reported) and IBNR reserves (which are based on losses that are believed to have occurred but for which claims have not yet been reported and include a provision for expected future development on existing case reserves). The Company typically suffers limit losses in the event of a Category 3 or above hurricane making landfall in a populated area where the Company has catastrophe risk exposure. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the attachment layer reinsured by the Company under one of its contract was penetrated as a result of adverse loss development from Hurricane Milton. As a result, the Company has recorded a reserve for losses and LAE of $175,000 based on the contractual maximum loss ($2,293) the Company can suffer under of the contracts, less advanced payments made during the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2025 relating to losses suffered by Hurricane Milton. The net impact of the Hurricane Milton's loss on the Company's equity, after accounting for the portion of losses borne by external tokenholders', is $1.18 million.

The uncertainties inherent in the reserving process and potential delays by cedants and brokers in the reporting of loss information, together with the potential for unforeseen adverse developments, may result in the reserve for losses and LAE ultimately being significantly greater or less than the reserve provided at the end of any given reporting period. The degree of uncertainty is further increased when a significant loss event takes place near the end of a reporting period. Reserve for losses and LAE estimates are reviewed periodically on a contract-by-contract basis and updated as new information becomes known. Any resulting adjustments are reflected in income in the period in which they become known.

The Company's reserving process is highly dependent on the timing of loss information received from its cedants and related brokers.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**8. LOSS PER SHARE**

A summary of the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted loss per share is presented below (dollars in thousands except per share amounts):

SCHEDULE OF COMPUTATION OF BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS EARNING PER SHARE

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended** | **Three Months Ended** | **Six Months Ended** | **Six Months Ended** |
|  | **June 30,** | **June 30,** | **June 30,** | **June 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **Numerator:** |  |  |  |  |
| Net loss | $(1873) | (821) | $(2012) | (1726) |
| **Denominator:** |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weighted average shares - basic | 7442922 | 6010561 | 7174014 | 6007868 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weighted average shares - diluted | 7442922 | 6010561 | 7174014 | 6007868 |
| Loss per share - basic | $(0.25) | (0.14) | $(0.28) | (0.29) |
| Loss per share - diluted | $(0.25) | (0.14) | $(0.28) | (0.29) |

---

For the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, 376,250 options to purchase 376,250 ordinary shares were anti-dilutive due to the net loss during this period.

For the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024, 846,250 options to purchase 846,250 ordinary shares were anti-dilutive due to the net loss during this period.

For the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, 8,230,700 warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,230,700 ordinary shares were anti-dilutive due to the net loss during this period.

GAAP requires the Company to use the two-class method in computing basic loss per share since holders of the Company's restricted stock have the right to share in dividends, if declared, equally with common stockholders. These participating securities effect the computation of both basic and diluted loss per share during the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

**9. Equity**

**Ordinary Shares**

There were 7,442,922 and 6,379,002 ordinary shares outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

For six months ended June 30, 2025, we have sold 97,715 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $448,858 at an average price of $4.59 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $13,465, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $435,393. The proceeds from the ATM sales are being used for general corporate purposes.

Subsequent to June 30, 2025, we have sold 50,000 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $117,778 at an average price of $2.36 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $3,533, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $114,245. The proceeds from the ATM sales are being used for general corporate purposes.

**WARRANTS**

On January 29, 2024, the Company extended the expiration date of the warrants (NASDAQ: OXBRW) (the "Warrants") to 5:00 p.m. Philadelphia time on the earlier to occur of (a) March 26, 2029 and (b) the date fixed for cancellation by the Company following any 20-trading day period in which the Company's ordinary shares traded above $9.38 per share for at least ten trading days.

There were 8,230,700 warrants outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. One warrant may be exercised to acquire one ordinary share at an exercise price equal to $7.50 per share on or before March 26, 2029. The Company at its option may cancel the warrants in whole or in part, provided that the closing price per ordinary share has exceeded $9.38 for at least ten trading days within any period of twenty consecutive trading days, including the last trading day of the period. No warrants were exercised during the period ended June 30, 2025.

**Securities purchase agreement**

On February 24, 2025, the Company and an institutional investor (the "Investor") entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") relating to the issuance and sale of ordinary shares of the Company pursuant to a registered direct offering and a private placement of warrants to purchase ordinary shares (collectively, the "Offering").

The Investor purchased approximately $3.0 million in the Offering, consisting of an aggregate of 705,884 ordinary shares, Series A Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 529,413 ordinary shares (the "Series A Warrants") and Series B Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 882,355 ordinary shares (the "Series B Warrants" and together with the Series A Warrants, the "Warrants"). The combined effective Offering price for each ordinary share and the accompanying Warrants was $4.25. The Series A Warrants are immediately exercisable, expire two years from the initial exercise date and have an exercise price of $4.25 per share. The Series B Warrants will be exercisable on the earlier of the date of shareholder approval or six months from the date of issuance, expire five years from the initial exercise date and have an exercise price equal to the lower of (i) $5.00 and (ii) from and after the date the Company receives shareholder approval, $4.25 per share.

The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that, subject to certain exceptions, until 60 days after the closing of the Offering, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents. The Securities Purchase Agreement also provides that, subject to certain exceptions, for 60 days after the closing of the Offering, the Company will be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement).

The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering, after deducting the fees of Maxim Group LLC (the "Placement Agent") and the Company's estimated offering expenses, were approximately $2.7 million.

The ordinary shares are being offered and sold pursuant to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-262590) previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and declared effective, the base prospectus included therein and the related prospectus supplement. The Warrants were issued in a private placement and were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) thereof as a transaction not involving a public offering and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement providing for the resale by the Investors of the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants within 60 days of the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement.

The Company held an annual meeting on May 8, 2025, and shareholders approved the issuance of the ordinary shares underlying the Series B Warrants at the combined effective offering price of $4.25 pursuant to applicable Nasdaq rules.

The Company paid the Placement Agent a cash fee of 6.0% of the gross proceeds from the Offering and reimburse the Placement Agent for its expenses, including the reimbursement of legal fees up to an aggregate of $45,000.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)** 

**June 30, 2025**

**10. DIVIDENDS**

As of December 31, 2024, none of the Company's accumulated deficit were restricted from payment of dividends to the company's shareholders. However, since most of the Company's capital and retained earnings may be invested in its subsidiaries, a dividend from any reinsurance subsidiaries would likely be required in order to fund a dividend to the Company's shareholders and would require notification to the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority ("CIMA").

Under Cayman Islands law, the use of additional paid-in capital is restricted, and the Company will not be allowed to pay dividends out of additional paid-in capital if such payments result in breaches of the prescribed and minimum capital requirement.

**11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION** 

The Company currently has outstanding share-based awards granted under the 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan") and the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2021 Plan") (hereinafter collectively referred to as "the Plans"). Under each of the Plans, the Company has discretion to grant equity and cash incentive awards to eligible individuals, including the issuance of up to 1,000,000 of the Company's ordinary shares. During the period ended June 30, 2025, the Company granted an aggregated of 83,162 restricted stock to directors, officers and employees under the 2021 Plan. At June 30, 2025, there were 675,764 shares and 11,750 shares available for grant under the 2021 Plan and the 2014 Plan, respectively.

***Stock options***

Stock options granted and outstanding under the Plan vests quarterly over four years and are exercisable over the contractual term of ten years.

A summary of the stock option activity for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Number**<br> **of**<br> **Options** | **Weighted-**<br> **Average**<br> **Exercise**<br> **Price** | **Weighted-**<br> **Average**<br> **Remaining**<br> **Contractual**<br> **Term** | **Aggregate**<br> **Intrinsic**<br> **Value** |
| Outstanding at January 1, 2024 | 846250 | $4.63 | 4.8 years |  |
| Outstanding at March 31, 2024 | 846250 | $4.63 | 4.5 years |  |
| Exercisable at March 31, 2024 | 799375 | $4.55 | 4.4 years | $- |
| Outstanding at June 30, 2024 | 846250 | $4.63 | 4.3 years |  |
| Exercisable at June 30, 2024 | 815000 | $4.58 | 4.2 years | $- |
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | 846250 | $4.63 | 4.8 years | $- |
| Forfeited | (180000) | $6.00 |  |  |
| Exercised during the quarter | (290000) | $2.00 |  |  |
| Outstanding at March 31, 2025 | 376250 | $6.01 | 4.92 years | $- |
| Exercisable at March 31, 2025 | 376250 | $6.01 | 4.92 years | $- |
| Outstanding at June 30, 2025 | 376250 | $6.01 | 4.67 years | $— |
| Exercisable at June 30, 2025 | 376250 | $6.01 | 4.67 years | $- |

---

Compensation expense recognized for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 totaled $0 and $5,000, respectively and for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 totaled $0 and $15,000, respectively. Compensation expense is included in general and administrative expenses. At June 30, 2025 and 2024, there was approximately $0 and $10,000, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock options granted under the Plans.

During the period ended June 30, 2025, 180,000 options expired and a total of 290,000 outstanding share options were "net" exercised. 112,841 shares were withheld by the Company for payment of the exercise price at a share price of $5.14. The remaining net 177,159 ordinary shares were issued to, and retained by, the executive officers of the Company.

There were no options granted during the period ended June 30, 2025.

**Restricted Stock Awards** 

The Company may grant restricted stock awards to eligible individuals in connection with their service to the Company. The terms of the Company's outstanding restricted stock grants may include service, performance and market-based conditions. The fair value of the awards with market-based conditions is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation method, which calculates many potential outcomes for an award and then establishes fair value based on the most likely outcome. The determination of fair value with respect to the awards with only performance or service-based conditions is based on the value of the Company's stock on the grant date.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)**

**June 30, 2025**

**11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (cont'd)**

**Restricted Stock Awards (cont'd)**

During the six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company granted 83,162 and 136,427 shares of restricted stock, respectively, to directors and employees under the 2021 Plan. Information with respect to the activity of unvested restricted stock awards during the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows (share amounts not in thousands):

SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITY OF UNVESTED RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Weighted-**<br>**Number of**<br>**Restricted**<br>**Stock**<br>**Awards** |<br>**Weighted-**<br>**Average**<br>**Grant Date**<br>**Fair Value** |
| Nonvested at January 1, 2024 | 46073 | $1.05 |
| Granted | 136427 | $1.05 |
| Vested | (34574) | $1.05 |
| Nonvested at March 31, 2024 | 147926 |  |
| Vested | (18500) | $1.05 |
| Nonvested at June 30, 2024 | 129426 |  |
| Nonvested at January 1, 2025 | 38715 |  |
| Granted | 83162 | $1.07 |
| Vested | (54965) | $1.07 |
| Nonvested at March 31, 2025 | 66912 |  |
| Vested | (22250) | $1.07 |
| Nonvested at June 30, 2025 | 44662 |  |

---

Compensation expense recognized for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 totaled $70,000 and $178,000, respectively and is included in general and administrative expenses. At June 30, 2025, there was approximately $212,000 unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock granted under the Plan, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of six (6) months.

**12. NET WORTH FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES**

The subsidiaries are subject to a minimum and prescribed capital requirement as established by CIMA. Under the terms of their respective licenses, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited and Oxbridge Re NS are required to maintain a minimum and prescribed capital requirement of $500 in accordance with the relevant subsidiary's approved business plan filed with CIMA.

At June 30, 2025, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's net worth of $43,000 exceeded the minimum and prescribed capital requirement. For the three-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's net income and loss was approximately $24,000 and $2.1 million, respectively.

At June 30, 2025, the Oxbridge Re NS' net worth of $461,000 exceeded the minimum and prescribed capital requirement. For the three-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 the Oxbridge Re NS' net income was approximately $79,000 and $41,000, respectively.

The Subsidiaries are not required to prepare separate statutory financial statements for filing with CIMA, and there were no material differences between the Subsidiaries' GAAP capital, surplus and net (loss) income, and its statutory capital, surplus and net (loss) income as of June 30, 2025 or for the period then ended.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)**

**June 30, 2025**

**13. FAIR VALUE AND CERTAIN RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES**

**Fair values**

With the exception of balances in respect of insurance contracts (which are specifically excluded from fair value disclosures under GAAP) and investment securities as disclosed in Note 4 of these consolidated financial statements, the carrying amounts of all other financial instruments, which consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, premiums receivable and other assets, notes payable and accounts payable and other liabilities, approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.

**Concentration of underwriting risk**

A substantial portion of the Company's current reinsurance business ultimately relates to the risks of a limited number of entities; accordingly, the Company's underwriting risks are not significantly diversified.

***Concentrations of Credit and Counterparty Risk***

The Company markets retrocessional and reinsurance policies worldwide through its brokers. Credit risk exists to the extent that any of these brokers may be unable to fulfill their contractual obligations to the Company. For example, the Company is required to pay amounts owed on claims under policies to brokers, and these brokers, in the Company. In some jurisdictions, if a broker fails to make such a payment, the Company might remain liable to the ceding company for the deficiency. In addition, in certain jurisdictions, when the ceding company pays premiums for these policies to brokers, these premiums are considered to have been paid and the ceding insurer is no longer liable to the Company for those amounts, whether or not the premiums have actually been received.

The Company remains liable for losses it incurs to the extent that any third-party reinsurer is unable or unwilling to make timely payments under reinsurance agreements. The Company would also be liable in the event that its ceding companies were unable to collect amounts due from underlying third-party reinsurers.

The Company mitigates its concentrations of credit and counterparty risk by using reputable and several counterparties which decreases the likelihood of any significant concentration of credit risk with any one counterparty.

**Market risk**

Market risk exists to the extent that the values of the Company's monetary assets fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices. Changes in market prices can arise from factors specific to individual securities or their respective issuers, or factors affecting all securities traded in a particular market. Relevant factors for the Company are both volatility and liquidity of specific securities and markets in which the Company holds investments. The Company has established investment guidelines that seek to mitigate significant exposure to market risk.

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)**

**June 30, 2025**

**14. LEASES**

Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities are disclosed as line in the consolidated balance sheets. We determine if a contract contains a lease at inception and recognize operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments at the commencement date. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. Lease agreements that have lease and non-lease components, are accounted for as a single lease component. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has two operating lease obligations for the Company's office facilities located at Suite 201, 42 Edward Street Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, and its residential lease at Turnberry Villas in Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. The office lease has a remaining lease term of approximately twenty (20) months and includes an option to extend the lease. Under the terms of the lease, the Company also has the right to terminate the lease after twenty four (24) months upon giving appropriate notice in writing to the Lessor. The residential lease has a remaining lease term of approximately six (6) months.

The components of lease expense and other lease information as of and during the six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

SCHEDULE OF OPERATING LEASE COST

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| <br>**(in thousands)** | **For the**<br> **Six-Month Period**<br>**Ended**<br> **June 30, 2025** | **For the**<br> **Six-Month Period**<br>**Ended**<br> **June 30, 2024** |
| Operating Lease Cost <sup>(1)</sup> | $57 | $53 |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities |  |  |
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $57 | $53 |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Includes
 short-term leases

SCHEDULE OF OTHER LEASE INFORMATION

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **(in thousands)** | **At**<br> **June 30, 2025** | **At**<br> **December 31, 2024** |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | $96 | $148 |
| Operating lease liabilities | $96 | $148 |
| Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases | 1.24 years | 1.18 years |
| Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases | 9.13% | 9.03% |

---

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, reconciled to our discounted operating lease liability presented on the consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

SCHEDULE OF FUTURE MINIMUM LEASE PAYMENT

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **(in thousands)** | **At**<br> **June 30, 2025** | **At**<br> **December 31, 2024** |
| 2025 | $- | $114 |
| Remainder of 2025 | 57 |  |
| 2026 | 39 | 39 |
| 2027 | 6 | 6 |
| Total future minimum lease payments | $102 | $159 |
| Less imputed interest | (6) | (11) |
| Total operating lease liability | $96 | $148 |

---

**OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES**

**Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)**

**June 30, 2025**

**15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS**

**EpsilonCat Re Tokens**

During the year ended December 31, 2024, Mr. Jay Madhu, a director and officer of the Company and its subsidiaries, entered into subscription agreement to purchase a total of 9,245 Series Epsilon Cat Re tokens at a purchase price of $10.00 per token for aggregate gross proceeds of $92,447. Ownership of EpsilonCat Re tokenized reinsurance securities indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re NS for the 2024-2025 treaty year.

**HCI and Tailrow Insurance exchange ("HCI") Contract**

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, the Company entered into a reinsurance agreement with HCI, which is a related entity through common directorship. At June 30, 2025, included within premium receivable, deferred acquisition costs and unearned premiums on the consolidated balance sheets are amounts equal to $919,000, $104,000 and $947,000 respectively, relating to the reinsurance agreement with HCI. During the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, included within assumed premiums, change in unearned premium reserve and policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses on the consolidated statements of operations are amounts equal to $1,033,000, $(947,000) and $9,000, respectively.

**TypTap Insurance Company ("TypTap") Contract**

During the year ended ended December 31, 2024 the Company entered into a reinsurance agreement with TypTap, an insurance subsidiary of HCI Group, Inc., which is a related entity through common directorship. At June 30, 2025, included within premium receivable, deferred acquisition costs and unearned premiums on the consolidated balance sheets are amounts equal to $0, $0 and $0 respectively, relating to the reinsurance agreement with TypTap. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, included within assumed premiums, change in unearned premium reserve and policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses on the consolidated statements of operations are amounts equal to $0, $418,000 and $(46,000), respectively.

**16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS**

We evaluate all subsequent events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure in our consolidated financial statements.

Except as disclosed in Notes 5 and 9, relating to the securities purchased agreement and private placement of securities under the PSIC, there were no additional events subsequent to June 30, 2025 for which disclosure was required.

On July 9, 2025, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the "Offering Agreement") with Maxim Group LLC, as sales agent (the "Sales Agent"), pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time, through the Sales Agent up to $5 million of the Company's ordinary shares, $0.001 par value ("Ordinary Shares"). The expiration date of the Offering Agreement is the earlier of (i) the issuance and sale of the Ordinary Shares having an aggregate offering price equal to $5 million, or (ii) the termination of the Offering Agreement by either the Sales Agent or the Company, in each such party's sole discretion, upon the provision of thirty (30) days' written notice. The Company will pay the Sales Agent a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of the Ordinary Shares sold by the Sales Agent pursuant to the Offering Agreement. The Sales Agreement replaced our prior sales agreement dated September 30, 2022 with the Sales Agent pursuant to which the Company sold Ordinary Shares having an aggregate sales price of approximately $4.6 million.

**Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations** 

**SPECIAL NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS**

Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including in this Management's Discussion and Analysis, other than purely historical information, including estimates, projections, statements relating to our business plans, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words "believe," "project," "predict," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "may," "should," "will," "would," "will be," "will continue," "will likely result," and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. A detailed discussion of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements is included in the section entitled "Risk Factors" contained in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 26, 2024. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward -looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward -looking statements which speak only to the dates on which they were made.

**GENERAL**

The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for the three-and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and our financial condition as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 26, 2025. References to "we," "us," "our," "our company," or "the Company" refer to Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited, Oxbridge Re NS, SurancePlus Holdings Ltd., SurancePlus, Inc. and DSN Blockchain Technologies Ltd., unless the context dictates otherwise.

**Overview and Trends**

We are a Cayman Islands specialty property and casualty reinsurer that provides reinsurance solutions through our reinsurance subsidiaries, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited and Oxbridge Re NS. We focus on underwriting fully collateralized reinsurance contracts primarily for property and casualty insurance companies in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, with an emphasis on Florida. We specialize in underwriting medium frequency, high severity risks, where we believe sufficient data exists to analyze effectively the risk/return profile of reinsurance contracts. Oxbridge Re NS functions as a reinsurance sidecar which increases the underwriting capacity of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited. Oxbridge Re NS issues participating notes to third party investors, the proceeds of which are utilized to collateralize Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's reinsurance obligations.

In addition to our historical reinsurance business operations, in 2023, our new subsidiary SurancePlus developing, offering, and selling a tokenized reinsurance security representing fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts, with each token representing an interest in participating notes issued by Oxbridge Re NS. These efforts culminated in the development, launch, and issuance of our first tokenized reinsurance security, the DeltaCat Re Token, which we believe is the first "on-chain" reinsurance security of its kind to be developed by a subsidiary of a public company. Following the issuance of the DeltaCat Re Token, we intend to develop, launch, and issue additional series of tokenized reinsurance securities representing fractional interests in reinsurance contracts, and we are also using our tokenization experience and activities as a foundation for developing Web3-focused business offerings and products relating to the tokenization of other real-world assets (RWAs), including RWAs held or being acquired by third parties. Our tokenization business will be conducted through SurancePlus and through other subsidiaries of our wholly owned subsidiary, SurancePlus Holdings Ltd. ("SurancePlus Holdings"), [a Cayman Islands exempted company] that we have organized to serve as a holding company for subsidiaries that will operate our developing Web3-focused business operations.

In our historical reinsurance business operations, we underwrite reinsurance contracts on a selective and opportunistic basis as opportunities arise based on our goal of achieving favorable long-term returns on equity for our shareholders. Our goal is to achieve long-term growth in book value per share by writing business that generates attractive underwriting profits relative to the risk we bear. Additionally, we intend to complement our underwriting profits with investment profits on an opportunistic basis. Our underwriting business focus is on fully collateralized reinsurance contracts for property catastrophes, primarily in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. Within that market and risk category, we attempt to select the most economically attractive opportunities across a variety of property and casualty insurers. As we attempt to grow our capital base, we expect that we will consider further growth opportunities in other geographic areas and risk categories.

Our level of profitability is primarily determined by how adequately our premiums assumed and investment income cover our costs and expenses, which consist primarily of acquisition costs and other underwriting expenses, claim payments and general and administrative expenses. One factor leading to variation in our operational results is the timing and magnitude of any follow-on offerings we undertake (if any), as we are able to deploy new capital to collateralize new reinsurance treaties and consequently, earn additional premium revenue. In addition, our results of operations may be seasonal in that hurricanes and other tropical storms typically occur during the period from June 1 through November 30. Further, our results of operations may be subject to significant variations due to factors affecting the property and casualty insurance industry in general, which include competition, legislation, regulation, general economic conditions, judicial trends, and fluctuations in interest rates and other changes in the investment environment.

Because we employ an opportunistic underwriting and investment philosophy, period-to-period comparisons of our underwriting results may not be meaningful. In addition, our historical investment results may not necessarily be indicative of future performance. Due to the nature of our reinsurance and investment strategies, our operating results will likely fluctuate from period to period.

Compared to most of our competitors, we are small and have low overhead expenses. We believe that our expense efficiency, agility and existing relationships support our competitive position and allows us to profitably participate in lines of business that fit within our strategy. Over time we expect our expense advantage to erode as the industry acts to reduce frictional costs.

**Recent Developments**

**<u>Formation of SurancePlus</u>**

SurancePlus, an indirectly owned subsidiary of the Company, was incorporated as a British Virgin Islands Business Company on December 19, 2022 for the purpose of tokenizing reinsurance contracts underwritten by its affiliated licensed reinsurer, Oxbridge Re NS.

On March 27, 2023, we, through SurancePlus, issued a press release announcing the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of up to $5.0 million of DeltaCat Re Tokens with a purchase price of $10.00 per DeltaCat Re Token and representing one share of Series DeltaCat Re Preferred Shares per DeltaCat Re Token (the "Private Placement").

On June 27, 2023, SurancePlus completed the Private Placement. The aggregate amount raised in the Private Placement was $2,447,760 for the issuance of 244,776 DeltaCat Re Tokens, of which approximately $1,280,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,167,000 was received from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited.

On September 11, 2023, the DeltaCat Re tokens were reclassified as tokenized interests carrying rights equivalent to the DeltaCat Re Preferred Shares in accordance with the provisions of British Virgin Islands law.

On March 18, 2024, Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited and its indirectly owned subsidiary SurancePlus Inc. ("SurancePlus"), a British Virgin Islands Business Company, announced the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of Participation Shares represented by digital tokens to be issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and shall have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC. The quantity of Participation Shares to be issued in subsequent years of 2025, and 2026, shall be disclosed prior to their issuances. At the start of the offering, the Participation Shares were offered at an initial price of $10.00 per Participation Share.

The net proceeds from the offer and sale of the Participation Shares were used by SurancePlus to purchase one or more participating notes of Oxbridge Re NS, an affiliated Cayman Islands licensed reinsurance entity, and the proceeds from the sale of such participating notes will be invested in collateralized reinsurance contracts to be underwritten by Oxbridge Re NS. The holders of the Participation Shares will generally be entitled to proceeds from the payment of the participating notes in the amount of a preferred return equal to the initial Participation Share price, plus 20%, and then 80% of any proceeds in excess of the amount necessary to pay the preferred return.

On July 12, 2024, SurancePlus completed a private placement. The aggregate amount raised in the Private Placement was $2,878,048 Participation Shares represented by digital tokens issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (for the issuance of 287,805 of the Participation Shares represented by the digital tokens, of which approximately $1,469,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,409,000 was received from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited.

On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus completed its private placement (the "Private Placement") of Participation Shares (the "Securities") represented by digital tokens issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the "PSIC"). On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with investors in the Private Placement with respect to 361,191 of the Participation Shares represented by the digital tokens, ZetaCat Re (156,191 tokens) and EtaCat Re (205,000 tokens) at a purchase price of $10.00 per Participation Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,611,910. The tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of the ZetaCatRe and EtaCatRe tokenized Participation Shares indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re's reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2025-2026 treaty year. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC.

**ATM Facility**

On September 30, 2022, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the "Offering Agreement") with Maxim Group LLC, as sales agent (the "Sales Agent"), pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time, through the Sales Agent up to $6,300,000 of the Company's ordinary shares, $0.001 par value ("Ordinary Shares"). The expiration date of the Offering Agreement is the earlier of (i) the issuance and sale of the Ordinary Shares having an aggregate offering price equal to $6,300,000, or (ii) the termination of the Offering Agreement by either the Sales Agent or the Company, in each such party's sole discretion, upon the provision of thirty (30) days' written notice. The Company will pay the Sales Agent a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of the Ordinary Shares sold by the Sales Agent pursuant to the Offering Agreement.

On July 9, 2025, the Company entered into a new offering agreement ("New Offering Agreement") with the Sales Agent, pursuant to which the Company could offer and sell, from time to time, through the Sales Agent up to $5 million of the Company's Ordinary Shares. The expiration date of the New Offering Agreement is the earlier of (i) the issuance and sale of the Ordinary Shares having an aggregate offering price equal to $5 million, or (ii) the termination of the Offering Agreement by either the Sales Agent or the Company, in each such party's sole discretion, upon the provision of thirty (30) days' written notice. The Company will pay the Sales Agent a commission equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of the Ordinary Shares sold by the Sales Agent pursuant to the New Offering Agreement. The New Offering Agreement replaced our prior sales agreement dated September 30, 2022 with the Sales Agent pursuant to which the Company sold Ordinary Shares having an aggregate sales price of $4.6 million.

Sales of the Ordinary Shares under the Offering Agreement, if any, may be made in transactions that are deemed to be "at-the-market" offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including without limitation sales made directly on or through the Nasdaq Capital Market or any other existing trading market for the Ordinary Shares. The Sales Agent will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the Ordinary Shares from time to time, based upon instructions from the Company (including any price, time or amount limits the Company may impose). The Company is not obligated to make any sales under the Offering Agreement.

The Ordinary Shares were registered pursuant to the Company's shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262590), and offerings of the Ordinary Shares were made only by means of a prospectus supplement.

During the period ended June 30, 2025, we have sold 97,715 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $448,858 at an average price of $4.59 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $13,465, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $435,393. The proceeds from the ATM sales are being used for general corporate purposes.

Subsequent to June 30, 2025, we have sold 50,000 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $117,778 at an average price of $2.36 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $3,533, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $114,245. The proceeds from the ATM sales are being used for general corporate purposes.

**Securities Purchase Agreement**

On February 24, 2025, the Company and an institutional investor (the "Investor") entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") relating to the issuance and sale of ordinary shares of the Company pursuant to a registered direct offering and a private placement of warrants to purchase ordinary shares (collectively, the "Offering").

The Investor purchased approximately $3.0 million in the Offering, consisting of an aggregate of 705,884 ordinary shares, Series A Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 529,413 ordinary shares (the "Series A Warrants") and Series B Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 882,355 ordinary shares (the "Series B Warrants" and together with the Series A Warrants, the "Warrants"). The combined effective Offering price for each ordinary share and the accompanying Warrants was $4.25. The Series A Warrants are immediately exercisable, expire two years from the initial exercise date and have an exercise price of $4.25 per share. The Series B Warrants will be exercisable on the earlier of the date of shareholder approval or six months from the date of issuance, expire five years from the initial exercise date and have an exercise price equal to the lower of (i) $5.00 and (ii) from and after the date the Company receives shareholder approval, $4.25 per share.

The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that, subject to certain exceptions, until 60 days after the closing of the Offering, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries will issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents. The Securities Purchase Agreement also provides that, subject to certain exceptions, for 60 days after the closing of the Offering, the Company will be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of ordinary shares or ordinary share equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement).

The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering, after deducting the fees of Maxim Group LLC (the "Placement Agent") and the Company's estimated offering expenses, were approximately $2.7 million.

The ordinary shares are being offered and sold pursuant to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-262590) previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and declared effective, the base prospectus included therein and the related prospectus supplement. The Warrants were issued in a private placement and were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) thereof as a transaction not involving a public offering and/or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement providing for the resale by the Investors of the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants within 60 days of the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement.

The Company held an annual meeting on May 8, 2025, and shareholders approved the issuance of the ordinary shares underlying the Series B Warrants at the combined effective offering price of $4.25 pursuant to applicable Nasdaq rules.

The Company paid the Placement Agent a cash fee of 6.0% of the gross proceeds from the Offering and reimburse the Placement Agent for its expenses, including the reimbursement of legal fees up to an aggregate of $45,000.

**PRINCIPAL REVENUE AND EXPENSE ITEMS**

**Revenues**

We derive our most significant revenues from three principal sources:

**●** premiums assumed from reinsurance on property and casualty business;

**●** income from investments and unrealized (loss) gain on other investments;

**●** income from SurancePlus management fees.

*Premiums Assumed*

Premiums assumed include all premiums received by a reinsurance company during a specified accounting period, even if the policy provides coverage beyond the end of the period. Premiums are earned over the term of the related policies. At the end of each accounting period, the portion of the premiums that are not yet earned are included in the unearned premiums reserve and are realized as revenue in subsequent periods over the remaining term of the policy. Our policies typically have a term of twelve months. Thus, for example, for a policy that is written on July 1, 2024, typically one-half of the premiums will be earned in 2025 and the other half will be earned during 2026. However, in the event of limit losses on our policies, premium recognition will be accelerated to match losses incurred in the period, when there is no possibility of any future treaty-year losses under the contracts.

Premiums from reinsurance on property and casualty business assumed are directly related to the number, type and pricing of contracts we write.

Premiums assumed are recorded net of change in loss experience refund, which consists of changes in amounts due to the cedants under two of our reinsurance contracts. These contracts contain retrospective provisions that adjust premiums in the event losses are minimal or zero. We recognize a liability pro-rata over the period in which the absence of loss experience obligates us to refund premiums under the contracts, and we will derecognize such liability in the period in which a loss experience arises. The change in loss experience refund is negatively correlated to loss and loss adjustment expenses described below.

*Investment Income* 

Income from our investments is primarily comprised of net realized and unrealized (losses) gains interest income and dividends on investment securities. Such income is primarily from the Company's investments, which includes other investments in Jet.AI and investments held in trust accounts that collateralize the reinsurance policies that we write. The investment parameters for trust accounts are generally be established by the cedant for the relevant policy.

*Incentive, Technology, Origination and Management Fee Income*

During the six-month period June 30, 2025, the Company's subsidiary, SurancePlus, effectively entered into subscription agreements for the sale of ZetaCat Re and EtaCat Re Participation Shares representing fractionalized interest in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re NS. The ZetaCat Re and EtaCat Re Tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain.

SurancePlus receives an incentive, technology, origination and management ("ITOM") fee to cover costs associated with origination, structuring and the blockchain technology related to the ZetaCat Re and EtaCat Re Tokens. These fees are included in SurancePlus fees income line item in the consolidated statement of operations.

**Expenses**

Our expenses consist primarily of the following:

**●** losses and loss adjustment expenses;

**●** policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses; and

**●** general and administrative expenses.

*Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses*

Loss and loss adjustment expenses are a function of the amount and type of reinsurance contracts we write and of the loss experience of the underlying coverage. As described below, loss and loss adjustment expenses are based on the claims reported by our Company's ceding insurers, and may include an actuarial analysis of the estimated losses, including losses incurred during the period and changes in estimates from prior periods. Depending on the nature of the contract, loss and loss adjustment expenses may be paid over a period of years.

*Policy Acquisition Costs and Underwriting Expenses*

Policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses consist primarily of brokerage fees, ceding commissions, premium taxes and other direct expenses that relate to our writing of reinsurance contracts. We amortize deferred acquisition costs over the related contract term.

*General and Administrative Expenses*

General and administrative expenses consist of salaries and benefits and related costs, including costs associated with our professional fees, rent and other general operating expenses consistent with operating as a public company.

**RESULTS OF OPERATIONS**

The following is our consolidated statement of operations and performance ratios for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

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| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended** <br> **June, 30** | **Three Months Ended** <br> **June, 30** | **Six Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** | **Six Months Ended** <br> **June 30,** |
|  | **2025** | **2024** | **2025** | **2024** |
| **Revenue** |  |  |  |  |
| Assumed premiums | $2222 | $2379 | $2222 | $2379 |
| Change in unearned premiums reserve | (1640) | (1815) | (1046) | (1266) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net premiums earned | 582 | 564 | 1176 | 1113 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SurancePlus management fee income | 1 | 312 | 1 | 312 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net investment and other income | 93 | 65 | 173 | 126 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Realized gain on other investments |  |  | 35 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest and gain on redemption of loan receivable |  |  |  | 41 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unrealized loss on other investments |  | (825) | (20) | (1513) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in fair value of equity securities | (12) | (72) | (9) | (160) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total revenue | 664 | 44 | 1356 | (81) |
| **Expenses** |  |  |  |  |
| Losses and loss adjustment expenses | 2293 |  | 2293 |  |
| Policy acquisition costs and underwriting expenses | 64 | 62 | 129 | 122 |
| General and administrative expenses | 1257 | 566 | 1762 | 1054 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total expenses | 3614 | 628 | 4184 | 1176 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss before loss (income) attributable to tokenholders and non-controlling interests | (2950) | (584) | (2828) | (1257) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss (income) attributable to tokenholders | 946 | (237) | 699 | (469) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss before loss attributable to non-contrrolling interests | (2004) | (821) | (2129) | (1726) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Loss attributable to non-controlling interests | 131 | - | 117 | - |
| **Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders** | $**(1873)** | $**(821)** | $**(2012)** | $**(1726)** |
| **Loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders** |  |  |  |  |
| Basic and Diluted | $(0.25) | $(0.14) | $(0.28) | $(0.29) |
| **Performance ratios to net premiums earned** |  |  |  |  |
| Loss ratio | 394.0% | 0.0% | 194.8% | 0.0% |
| Acquisition cost ratio | 11.0% | 11.0% | 11.0% | 11.0% |
| Expense ratio | 227.0% | 111.3% | 160.7% | 105.7% |
| Combined ratio | 621.0% | 111.3% | 355.5% | 105.7% |

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***General***. Net loss for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 was $1.87 million, or ($0.25) basic and diluted loss per share compared to a net loss of $821,000, or ($0.14) basic and diluted loss per share, for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the recording of full limit loss on one of the reinsurance contracts during the quarter ended June 30, 2025 when compared with the prior period.

Net loss for the six-months ended June 30, 2025 was $2.01 million, or ($0.28) basic and diluted loss per share compared to a net loss of $1.73 million, or ($0.29) basic and diluted loss per share, for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the recording of full limit loss on one of the reinsurance contracts during the quarter ended June 30, 2025 when compared with the prior period.

***Premium Income*.** Net premiums earned typically reflects the pro rata inclusion into income of premiums assumed over the life of the reinsurance contracts.

Net premiums earned for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 increased to $582,000 from $564,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The increase is due to the rates on contracts that were in force in the quarter ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the contracts in force in the prior-year period.

Net premiums earned for the six-months ended June 30, 2025 increased to $1.18 million from $1.11 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The increase is due to the rates on contracts that were in force in the quarter ended June 30, 2025 when compared to the contracts in force in the prior-year period.

***Losses Incurred*.** During the three-month period ending June 30, 2025, one of our reinsurance contracts experienced adverse loss development stemming from Hurricane Milton, and we recognized a full limit loss of $2.3 million. There were no losses incurred during the three month period ending June 30, 2024.

During the six-month period ending June 30, 2025, one of our reinsurance contracts experienced adverse loss development stemming from Hurricane Milton, and we recognized a full limit loss of $2.3 million. There were no losses incurred during the six-month period ending June 30, 2024. The net impact of the Hurricane Milton's loss on the Company's equity, after accounting for the portion of losses borne by external tokenholders', is $1.18 million.

***Policy Acquisition Costs*.** Acquisition costs represent the amortization of the brokerage fees and federal excise taxes incurred on reinsurance contracts placed. Policy acquisition costs for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 increased to $64,000 from $62,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The increase is due to the rates on contracts in force in the quarter ended June 30, 2025, and the resulting acquisition costs, when compared to the rates on contracts in the prior-year period.

Policy acquisition costs for the six months ended June 30, 2025 increased from $122,000 to $129,000 for the six-moths ended June 30, 2025. The increase is due to the rates on contracts in force in the quarter ended June 30, 2025, and the resulting acquisition costs, when compared to the rates on contracts in the prior-year period.

***General and Administrative Expenses*.** General and administrative expenses for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 increased to $1.3 million from $566,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The increase is primarily due to increased professional costs relating to investor relations, our web3 subsidiary tokenization costs, renewed S-3 related costs, increased human resources and personnel costs and legal expenditures.

General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2025 increased to $1.8 million , from $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The increase is primarily due to increased professional costs relating to investor relations, our web3 subsidiary tokenization costs, renewed S-3 related costs, increased human resources and personnel costs and legal expenditures.

***MEASUREMENT OF RESULTS***

We use various measures to analyze the growth and profitability of business operations. For our reinsurance business, we measure growth in terms of premiums assumed and we measure underwriting profitability by examining our loss, underwriting expense and combined ratios. We analyze and measure profitability in terms of net income and return on average equity.

***Premiums Assumed.*** We use gross premiums assumed to measure our sales of reinsurance products. Gross premiums assumed also correlate to our ability to generate net premiums earned.

***Loss Ratio.*** The loss ratio is the ratio of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to premiums earned and measures the underwriting profitability of our reinsurance business. The loss ratio increased to 394% and 194.8% for the quarter and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, when compared with the prior comparative periods. This was due to the full limit loss on one of our reinsurance contracts affected by Hurricane Milton.

***Acquisition Cost Ratio.*** The acquisition cost ratio is the ratio of policy acquisition costs and other underwriting expenses to net premiums earned. The acquisition cost ratio measures our operational efficiency in producing, underwriting and administering our reinsurance business.

The acquisition cost ratio remained consistent at 11.0% for the quarter end and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 compared with the quarter and six-month periods ended June 30, 2024.

***Expense Ratio.*** The expense ratio is the ratio of policy acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses to net premiums earned. We use the expense ratio to measure our operating performance. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, the expense ratio increased to 227%, from 111.3% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, the expense ratio increased to 160.7%, from 105.7% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024. The increases are primarily due to increased professional costs relating to investor relations and our web3 subsidiary marketing and operations, renewed S-3 related costs, increased human resources and personnel costs and legal expenditures during the quarter ended June 30, 2025, when compared with the prior comparable periods.

***Combined Ratio.*** We use the combined ratio to measure our underwriting performance. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. For the three-month period ended June 30, 2025, the combined ratio increased to 621%, from 111.3% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2024. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, the combined ratio increased to 355.5%, from 105.7% for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.. The increase is due to higher general and administrative expenses and the losses incurred during the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, when compared with the prior comparable periods.

**FINANCIAL CONDITION –JUNE 30, 2025 COMPARED TO DECEMBER 31, 2024**

***Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents*.** As of June 30, 2025, our restricted cash and cash equivalents increased by $760,000 or 12.90%, to $6.7 million, from $5.9 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase is the net result of premium deposits made during the six-months ending June 30, 2025, the registered direct offering that generated $2.7 million net of expenses, and payment of Hurricane Milton losses and general administrative expenses.

***Investments*.** As of June 30, 2025, our total investments decreased by $9,000 or 7.96% to $104,000, from $113,000 as of December 31, 2024. The decrease is primarily a result of the decrease in value of the equity securities during the six-month period ended June 30, 2025.

***Notes Payable to Noteholders.*** As of June 30, 2025, our notes payable remained at $118,000 as there were no redemptions during the period.

***Mezannine Equity – EpsilonCat Re / DeltaCat Re / ZetaCat Re and EtaCat Re Tokenholders.*** As of June 30, 2025, amounts due to CatRe tokenholders decreased to $1.2 million from $1.73 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease is due to the tokenholders share in the limit loss experienced on one of our reinsurance contracts affected by Hurricane Milton.

***Unearned Premiums Reserve.*** As of June 30, 2025, our unearned premiums reserve increased by $1.04 million, to $2.03 million from $991,000 at December 31, 2024. The increase is due to the new reinsurance contracts placed for the 2025 2026 treaty year.

**LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES**

**General**

We are organized as a holding company and provide administrative and management services to our subsidiaries. Our operations are conducted through our reinsurance subsidiaries, Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited and Oxbridge Re NS and our web3 focused subsidiary SurancePlus Inc. which underwrites risks associated with our property and casualty reinsurance programs as well as the tokenization of RWAs such as Reinsurance contracts. We have minimal continuing cash needs at the holding company level, with such needs principally being related to the payment of administrative expenses and shareholder dividends. There are restrictions on Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited's and Oxbridge Re NS' ability to pay dividends which are described in more detail below.

**Sources and Uses of Funds**

Our sources of funds primarily consist of premium receipts (net of brokerage fees and federal excise taxes, where applicable) and investment income, including interest, dividends and realized gains. We use cash to pay losses and loss adjustment expenses, other underwriting expenses, dividends, and general and administrative expenses. Substantially all our surplus funds, net of funds required for cash liquidity purposes, are invested in accordance with our business plan and investment guidelines. Our investment portfolio, except for our investment in Jet.AI, is primarily comprised of cash and highly liquid securities, which can be liquidated, if necessary, to meet current liabilities. We believe that we have sufficient flexibility to liquidate any securities that we own to generate liquidity.

As of June 30, 2025, we believe we had sufficient cash flows from operations to meet our liquidity requirements in the short term. We expect that our operational needs for liquidity will be met by cash, investment income, sales under our existing ATM facilities and funds generated from underwriting activities. We have no plans to issue debt, and we expect to fund our operations for the foreseeable future from operating cash flows, as well as from current and potential future equity offerings. However, we cannot provide assurances that in the future we will not incur indebtedness to implement our business strategy, pay claims or make acquisitions.

Although Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited is not subject to any significant legal prohibitions on the payment of dividends, its subsidiaries Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited and Oxbridge Re NS are subject to Cayman Islands regulatory constraints that affect its ability to pay dividends to us and include a minimum net worth requirement. Currently, the minimum net worth requirement for each subsidiary is $500. As of June 30, 2025, each subsidiary exceeded the minimum required. By law, each subsidiary is restricted from paying a dividend if such a dividend would cause its net worth to drop to less than the required minimum.

***Cash Flows***

Our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are summarized below.

*Cash Flows for the Six months ended June 30, 2025 (in thousands)*

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 totaled $1,899, which consisted primarily of cash received net written premiums less cash disbursed for operating expenses. Net provided by investing activities was $63, which consisted of consideration received on sale of investment in Jet.AI. Net cash provided by financing activities was $2,596 which consisted of net proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares through the Company's ATM facility and the registered direct offering completed during the period.

*Cash Flows for the Six months ended June 30, 2024 (in thousands)*

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2024 totaled $311, which consisted primarily of cash received net written premiums less cash disbursed for operating expenses. Net provided by investing activities of $448 which was due to the repayment of the note receivable by Jet.AI and the proceeds from the sale of two of our equity securities. Net cash provided by financing activities was $103 which consisted primarily of net proceeds from Epsilon Cat Re participation shares represented by digital tokens offset by the payments made to DeltaCat Re tokenholders.

**OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS**

As of June 30, 2025, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K.

**Exposure to Catastrophes**

As with other reinsurers, our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected by volatile and unpredictable natural and man-made disasters, such as hurricanes, windstorms, earthquakes, floods, fires, riots and explosions. Although we attempt to limit our exposure to levels, we believe are acceptable, it is possible that an actual catastrophic event or multiple catastrophic events could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. As described under "CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES—*Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses*" below, under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (''GAAP''), we are not permitted to establish loss reserves with respect to losses that may be incurred under reinsurance contracts until the occurrence of an event which may give rise to a claim. As a result, only loss reserves applicable to losses incurred up to the reporting date may be established, with no provision for a contingency reserve to account for expected future losses.

**CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES**

We are required to make estimates and assumptions in certain circumstances that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and related footnotes. We evaluate these estimates and assumptions on an on-going basis based on historical developments, market conditions, industry trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These accounting policies pertain to fair value measurements, particular with respect to our beneficial interest in Jet.AI., premium revenues and risk transfer, reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses, and deferred acquisition costs.

**Fair value measurement**: GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under GAAP are as follows:

Level 1 Inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date;

Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly, including inputs in markets that are not considered to be active;

and

Level 3 Inputs that are unobservable.

Inputs are used in applying the various valuation techniques and broadly refer to the assumptions that market participants use to make valuation decisions, including assumptions about risk. For fixed maturity securities, inputs may include price information, volatility statistics, specific and broad credit data, liquidity statistics, broker quotes for similar securities and other factors. The fair value of investments in stocks and exchange-traded funds is based on the last traded price. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. However, the determination of what constitutes "observable" requires significant judgment by the Company's investment custodians and management. The investment custodians and management consider observable data to be market data which is readily available, regularly distributed or updated, reliable and verifiable, not proprietary, and provided by independent sources that are actively involved in the relevant markets.

***Premium Revenue and Risk Transfer*.** We record premiums revenue as earned pro-rata over the terms of the reinsurance agreements and the unearned portion at the balance sheet date is recorded as unearned premiums reserve. A reserve is made for estimated premium deficiencies to the extent that estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses exceed related unearned premiums. Investment income is not considered in determining whether or not a deficiency exists.

We account for reinsurance contracts in accordance with ASC 944, ''Financial Services – Insurance." Assessing whether or not a reinsurance contract meets the conditions for risk transfer requires judgment. The determination of risk transfer is critical to reporting premiums written. If we determine that a reinsurance contract does not transfer sufficient risk, we must account for the contract as a deposit liability.

***Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses***. We determine our reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses on the basis of the claims reported by our ceding insurers and for losses IBNR, we use the assistance of an independent actuary. The reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses represent management's best estimate of the ultimate settlement costs of all losses and loss adjustment expenses.

We believe that the amounts are adequate; however, the inherent impossibility of predicting future events with precision, results in uncertainty as to the amount which will ultimately be required for the settlement of losses and loss expenses, and the differences could be material. Adjustments are reflected in the consolidated statements of income in the period in which they are determined.

Under GAAP, we are not permitted to establish loss reserves until the occurrence of an actual loss event. As a result, only loss reserves applicable to losses incurred up to the reporting date may be recorded, with no allowance for the provision of a contingency reserve to account for expected future losses. Losses arising from future events, which could be substantial, are estimated and recognized at the time the loss is incurred.

During the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2025, the attachment layer reinsured by the Company under one of its contract was penetrated as a result of adverse loss development from Hurricane Milton. As a result, at June 30, 2025, the Company has recorded a reserve for losses and LAE of $175,000 based on the contractual maximum loss ($2,293) the Company can suffer under of the contracts, less advanced payments made during the quarter and six months ended June 30, 2025 relating to loss suffered by Hurricane Milton. The net impact of the Hurricane Milton's loss on the Company's equity, after accounting for the portion of losses borne by external tokenholders', is $1.18 million.

Our reserving methodology does not lend itself well to a statistical calculation of a range of estimates surrounding the best point estimate of our reserve for loss and loss adjustment expense. Due to the low frequency and high severity nature of claims within much of our business, our reserving methodology principally involves arriving at a specific point estimate for the ultimate expected loss on a contract-by-contract basis, and our aggregate loss reserves are the sum of the individual loss reserves established.

***Deferred Acquisition Costs.*** We defer certain expenses that are directly related to and vary with producing reinsurance business, including brokerage fees on gross premiums assumed, premium taxes and certain other costs related to the acquisition of reinsurance contracts. These costs are capitalized and the resulting asset, deferred acquisition costs, is amortized and charged to expense in future periods as premiums assumed are earned. The method followed in computing deferred acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferral to its estimated realizable value. The ultimate recoverability of deferred acquisition costs is dependent on the continued profitability of our reinsurance underwriting. If our underwriting ceases to be profitable, we may have to write off a portion of our deferred acquisition costs, resulting in a further charge to income in the period in which the underwriting losses are recognized.

**Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk**

As a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 229.10(f)(1) of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information under this item.

**Item 4. Controls and Procedures**

**Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures**

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (our principal financial officer), we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Report on Form 10-Q (June 30, 2025). Our disclosure controls and procedures are intended to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events.

**Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting**

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

**PART II – OTHER INFORMATION**

**Item 1. Legal Proceedings**

We are not currently involved in any litigation or arbitration. We anticipate that, similar to the rest of the insurance and reinsurance industry, we will be subject to litigation and arbitration in the ordinary course of business.

**Item 1A. Risk Factors**

There have been no material changes to our risk factors during the six months ended June 30, 2025.

**Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds**

On September 30, 2022, we entered into an "at the market" (ATM) sales agreement with Maxim Group LLC as our sales agent, under which we may offer and sell from time to time up to $6.3 million of ordinary shares in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be an ATM offering. On July 9, 2025, this sales agreement was replaced by a new sales agreement with our sales agent, under which we may offer and sell from time to time up to $5 million of ordinary shares in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be an ATM offering.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we sold 97,715 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $448,858 at an average price of $4.59 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $13,465, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $435,393. Additionally, during the quarter, the Company raised $2.7 million net of expenses from its registered direct offering. The proceeds from the ATM sales and registered direct offering are being used for general corporate purposes.

Subsequent to June 30, 2025, we have sold 50,000 ordinary shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $117,778 at an average price of $2.36 per share. After deducting commissions related to the ATM offering of $3,533, the net proceeds we received from the transactions were $114,245. The proceeds from the ATM sales are being used for general corporate purposes.

**Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities**

None.

**Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures**

Not applicable.

**Item 5. Other Information**

None.

**Item 6. Exhibits**

**The following exhibits are filed herewith:**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit No.** | **Document** |
| 31.1 | [Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.](ex31-1.htm) |
| 31.2 | [Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.](ex31-2.htm) |
| 32 | [Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350.](ex32.htm) |
| 101 | The following materials from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 are filed herewith, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |

---

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED** | **OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED** |
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | */s/ JAY MADHU* |
|  |  | Jay Madhu |
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer and President<br> (Principal Executive Officer) |
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | /*s/ WRENDON TIMOTHY* |
|  |  | Wrendon Timothy |
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer and Secretary<br> (Principal Financial Officer and Principal<br> Accounting Officer) |

---

## Exhibit 31.1

**Exhibit 31.1**

**Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer<br> Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and<br> Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934**

I, Jay Madhu, certify that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| Date: August 14, 2025 |  |  |
|  | By: | */s/ JAY MADHU* |
|  |  | Jay Madhu |
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer and President<br> (Principal Executive Officer) |

---

## Exhibit 31.2

**Exhibit 31.2**

**Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer<br> Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and<br> Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934**

I, Wrendon Timothy, certify that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| Date: August 14, 2025 | By: | */s/ WRENDON TIMOTHY* |
|  |  | Wrendon Timothy |
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
|  |  | (Principal Financial Officer and Principal<br> Accounting Officer) |

---

## Ex-32

**Exhibit 32**

**Written Statement of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer**

**Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350**

Solely for the purposes of complying with 18 U.S.C. §1350, we, the undersigned Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited (the "Company"), hereby certify, based on our knowledge, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 (the "Report") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

---

| |
|:---|
| */s/ JAY MADHU* |
| Jay Madhu |
| Chief Executive Officer and President |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |

---

---

| |
|:---|
| */s/ WRENDON TIMOTHY* |
| Wrendon Timothy |
| Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
| (Principal Financial Officer and Principal |
| Accounting Officer) |
| Date: August 14, 2025 |

---