# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001783036
**File Stem:** 0001213900-23-002775
**Filing Date:** 2023-1
**Character Count:** 104921
**Document Hash:** 264a4ec49134f14b7882e54d94fff08b
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001213900-23-002775.hdr.sgml**: 20230113

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001213900-23-002775

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: F-3

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 6

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20230113

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20230113

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001783036
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **IRS NUMBER:** 000000000
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** V8
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** F-3
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-269220
- **FILM NUMBER:** 23528714

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** THE CIRCLE 6
- **STREET 2:** 8058
- **CITY:** ZURICH
- **STATE:** V8
- **ZIP:** CH-6370
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 41-41-618-80-00

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** THE CIRCLE 6
- **STREET 2:** 8058
- **CITY:** ZURICH
- **STATE:** V8
- **ZIP:** CH-6370

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 13, 2023**

**Registration No. 333-**

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549**

**FORM F-3**

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933**

**NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.**

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

**Not Applicable**

(Translation of Registrant's Name into English)

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Switzerland** | **Not Applicable** |
| (State or other jurisdiction of<br> incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer<br> Identification No.) |

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**The Circle 6**

**8058 Zurich, Switzerland**

**Tel: +41.44.512.2150**

(Address and telephone number of registrant's principal executive offices)

**Puglisi & Associates**

**850 Library Ave., Suite 204**

**Newark, DE 19711**

**Tel: (302) 738-6680**

(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service)

**Copies to:**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Ron Ben-Bassat, Esq.**<br> **Howard E. Berkenblit, Esq.**<br> **Oded Har-Even, Esq.**<br> **Sullivan & Worcester LLP**<br> **1633 Broadway**<br> **New York, NY 10019**<br> **Tel: (212) 660-3000** | **Pascal Honold, Esq.**<br> **Wenger Vieli AG**<br> **Dufourstrasse 56**<br> **8034 Zurich, Switzerland**<br> **Tel: +41.58.958.58.58** |

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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.

Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

† The term "new or revised financial accounting standard"
refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

**The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.**

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling shareholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, dated January 13, 2023

**PROSPECTUS**

![](image_001.jpg)

**NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.**

**Up to 11,494,253 Common Shares**

This prospectus relates to the resale, from time to time by the selling shareholders, or the Selling Shareholders, identified in this prospectus of up to an aggregate of 11,494,253 of our common shares, par value CHF 0.02 per share, or the Common Shares, consisting of (1) 5,747,126 of our Common Shares (of the 5,747,126 Common Shares, 3,078,950 Common Shares were issued from authorized but previously unissued shares and 2,668,176 Common Shares were issued out of existing treasury shares), (2) up to 5,747,127 of our Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of pre-funded warrants, at an exercise price of CHF 0.02 per share, or the Pre-Funded Warrants, issued or issuable pursuant to the terms of a securities purchase agreement, dated December 6, 2022, between us and the Selling Shareholders, or the December 2022 Private Placement.

The Selling Shareholders are identified in the table commencing on page 8. No Common Shares or Pre-Funded Warrants are being registered hereunder for sale by us. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares by the Selling Shareholders. All net proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares covered by this prospectus will go to the Selling Shareholders. We will receive cash proceeds equal to the total exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants that are exercised for cash, of approximately CHF 115,000 (approximately $107,000), if all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised. See "Use of Proceeds." The Selling Shareholders may sell all or a portion of the Common Shares from time to time in market transactions through any market on which our Common Shares are then traded, in negotiated transactions or otherwise, and at prices and on terms that will be determined by the then prevailing market price or at negotiated prices directly or through a broker or brokers, who may act as agent or as principal or by a combination of such methods of sale. See "Plan of Distribution."

Our Common Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, or Nasdaq, under the symbol "NLSP" and our warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol "NLSPW". On January 12, 2023, the last reported sale price of our Common Shares was $1.77 per share.

We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, and are subject to reduced public company reporting requirements.

**AN INVESTMENT IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. SEE THE SECTION ENTITLED "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 3 OF THIS PROSPECTUS AND "RISK FACTORS" IN OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021.**

**Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, nor any state or other securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.**

The date of this prospectus is , 2023

**TABLE OF CONTENTS** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| [OUR COMPANY](#a_001) | 1 |
| [ABOUT THIS OFFERING](#a_002) | 2 |
| [RISK FACTORS](#a_003) | 3 |
| [CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS](#a_004) | 5 |
| [USE OF PROCEEDS](#a_005) | 6 |
| [CAPITALIZATION](#a_006) | 7 |
| [SELLING SHAREHOLDERS](#a_007) | 8 |
| [PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION](#a_008) | 10 |
| [LEGAL MATTERS](#a_009) | 12 |
| [EXPERTS](#a_010) | 12 |
| [EXPENSES](#a_011) | 12 |
| [ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES](#a_012) | 13 |
| [WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION](#a_013) | 14 |
| [INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE](#a_014) | 14 |

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In this prospectus, "we," "us," "our," the "Registrant," the "Company" and "NLS" refer to NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd., and its wholly owned subsidiary, NLS Pharmaceutics Inc., a Delaware corporation.

**You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, including information incorporated by reference herein, and any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the Selling Shareholders have authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to purchase, the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction to or from any person to whom or from whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation of an offer in such jurisdiction. The information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.**

We are organized under the laws of Switzerland and our registered office and domicile is located in Kloten (Zurich), Switzerland. Moreover, the majority of our directors and senior management are not residents of the United States, and all or a substantial portion of the assets of such persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or upon such persons or to enforce against them judgments obtained in U.S. courts, including judgments in actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. We have been advised by our Swiss counsel that there is doubt as to the enforceability in Switzerland of original actions, or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities to the extent solely predicated upon the federal and state securities laws of the United States. See "Enforceability of Civil Liabilities" for additional information.

For investors outside of the United States: Neither we nor the Selling Shareholders have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus.

Our reporting currency and functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to "dollars," "USD" or "$" mean U.S. dollars, and references to "CHF" are to the Swiss Franc. U.S. dollar translations of CHF amounts presented in this prospectus were done on different dates in accordance with the date as of such entry in the Company's books and are derived from our audited and unaudited interim financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus. U.S. dollar translations of CHF amounts presented in this prospectus that are not derived from our audited financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus are translated using the rate of CHF 1.00 to $1.083, based on the exchange rate provided by the Swiss Federal Tax Administration on December 31, 2022.

This prospectus incorporates by reference statistical, market and industry data and forecasts which we obtained from publicly available information and independent industry publications and reports that we believe to be reliable sources. These publicly available industry publications and reports generally state that they obtain their information from sources that they believe to be reliable, but they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information. Although we believe that these sources are reliable, we have not independently verified the information contained in such publications.

i

**OUR COMPANY**

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and development of innovative therapies for patients with rare and complex central nervous system, or CNS, disorders with unmet medical needs. Our lead compound mazindol, a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor and partial orexin receptor 2 agonist, in a proprietary extended-release, or ER, formulation, is being developed for the treatment of narcolepsy (lead indication) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD (follow-on indication). We believe that this dual mechanism of action will also enable mazindol ER to provide potential therapeutic benefits in other rare and complex CNS disorders. CNS disorders are a diverse group of conditions that include neurological, psychiatric, and substance use disorders. However, treatment options for these conditions are often limited, inadequate or nonexistent, and the development of new CNS treatments generally trails behind other therapeutic areas. We are pursuing the development of the next generation of CNS therapies with high medical impact to address this critical and growing unmet need. Our dual development strategy is designed to optimize the outcome of our clinical programs by developing new chemical entities from known molecules with strong scientific rationale, and also by re-defining previously approved molecules with well-established tolerability and safety profiles, as determined by applicable regulatory agencies. We believe that our streamlined clinical development approach has the potential to advance our product candidates rapidly through early-stage clinical trials, while carrying an overall lower development risk. A lower development risk, we believe, exists with respect to the development of our lead product candidate, Quilience, and follow-on product candidate, Nolazol, due to their use of mazindol as the active ingredient, which was previously approved and marketed in the United States, Japan and Europe to manage exogenous obesity (obesity caused by overeating).

We initiated our clinical development with a Phase 2 clinical trial in the third quarter of 2021, in adult patients with narcolepsy. We published positive top-line results from our Phase 2 clinical trial in September 2022. In November 2022, we announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, granted Orphan Drug Designation (ODD) for Quilience for the Treatment of Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH) and provided an update on our Open Label Extension (OLE) Study for Quilience (Mazindol ER).

**Recent Financing** 

On December 6, 2022, we entered into a securities purchase agreement, or the Purchase Agreement, with funds affiliated with BVF Partners L.P., or collectively, BVF, providing for the issuance in a private placement offering of (i) 5,747,126 Common Shares, par value CHF 0.02 per share, and (ii) Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase 5,747,127 Common Shares at a purchase price of $0.87 per Common Share and $0.87 per Pre-Funded Warrant, for aggregate gross proceeds of $10 million. The first closing of the offering, or the First Closing, occurred on December 13, 2022. The Pre-Funded Warrants have an exercise price of CHF 0.02 per share. We agreed to file the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, with the SEC to register the resale of the securities purchased or to be purchased pursuant to the Purchase Agreement within 30 days of the First Closing of the December 2022 Private Placement.

In addition, we and BVF agreed that, until the 30<sup>th</sup> day following receipt of the official written minutes from the end of the Phase 2 meeting to be held by the Company with the FDA, or the Election Deadline, among other closing conditions, BVF shall have the right to purchase at a second closing, or the Second Closing, up to $20 million in units, with each unit consisting of one Common Share and/or Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase one Common Share, as well as receive a warrant, or warrants, to purchase up to 150% of the number of Common Shares and/or Pre-Funded Warrant shares purchased in the Second Closing, at a purchase price of $1.50 per unit, it being understood that we cannot issue fractional shares. The warrants will have a term of five years, will have an exercise price of $2.03 per share and will be exercisable for Pre-Funded Warrants if, at their expiration, BVF will be unable to purchase Common Shares due to its beneficial ownership limitation.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we agreed to grant BVF the right to participate in future offerings of the Company's securities for a period from the First Closing until the earlier of (i) the 30-month anniversary of the date of the First Closing or (ii) until such time that BVF retains beneficial ownership of less than 9.9% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares. In addition, we agreed to grant BVF the right to nominate one member to the Company's Board of Directors and shall continue to recommend to our shareholders to elect such member for a period from the First Closing until such time that BVF retains beneficial ownership of less than 9.9% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we agreed not to file any registration statement not contemplated by the Purchase Agreement or enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any Common Shares or Common Share equivalents until the earlier of (A) 60 days following the earlier of (i) the Election Deadline or (ii) the Second Closing or (B) February 28, 2023, subject to certain exceptions.

We intend to use the net proceeds from the December 2022 Private Placement to fund the ongoing development of Quilience® (Mazindol ER) for the treatment of narcolepsy, to support business development and licensing activities, and for general corporate purposes.

We engaged Laidlaw & Company (UK) Ltd. as exclusive introducing broker, or the Broker, in connection with the December 2022 Private Placement. We agreed to pay the Broker a cash placement fee equal to 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds received, up to $20 million in the aggregate, for the securities sold in the offering, as well as warrants to purchase the lesser of up to 5.0% of the primary securities sold in the offering, or 1,000,000 shares, with an exercise price of 135% of the offering price and a term of five years.

**Corporate Information**

Our registered office and principal executive offices are located at The Circle 6, 8058 Zurich, Switzerland. Our telephone number in Switzerland is +41.44.512.2150. Our website address is https://nlspharma.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.

The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov.

**ABOUT THIS OFFERING**

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Common Shares currently issued and outstanding | 32,428,893 Common Shares. |
| Common Shares offered by the Selling Shareholders | Up to 11,494,253 Common Shares, consisting of (i) 5,747,126 Common Shares held by the Selling Shareholders purchased in the December 2022 Private Placement, and (ii) up to 5,747,127 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants. |
| Common Shares to be outstanding assuming exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants | 38,176,020 Common Shares. |
| Use of Proceeds: | We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares by the Selling Shareholders. All net proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares covered by this prospectus will go to the Selling Shareholders. However, we will receive cash proceeds equal to the total exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants that are exercised.<br>We intend to use the proceeds from the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants for working capital, which includes research and development, to advance our technology and general corporate purposes and pursuing strategic opportunities including expanding our pipeline. See "Use of Proceeds." |
| Risk Factors: | You should read the "Risk Factors" section starting on page 3 of this prospectus, our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022, which is attached as Exhibit 99.2 to our Form 6-K filed on October 11, 2022, and "Item 3. - Key Information – D. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021, or the 2021 Annual Report, incorporated by reference herein, and other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus for a discussion of factors to consider carefully before deciding to invest in our securities. |
| Nasdaq symbol: | Our Common Shares are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol "NLSP" and our warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol "NLSPW." |

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Unless otherwise indicated, the number of Common Shares outstanding prior to and after this offering is based on 32,428,893 Common Shares outstanding as of January 12, 2023, and excludes the following:

● warrants to purchase 5,265,168 Common Shares issued in our initial public offering;

● warrants to purchase 144,578 Common Shares issued to the underwriter in our initial public offering;

● warrants to purchase up to 3,150,000 of our Common Shares;

● warrants to purchase up to 3,855,615 of our Common Shares;

● warrants to purchase up to 307,844 of our Common Shares; and

● the Pre-Funded Warrants.

**RISK FACTORS**

*An investment in the Common Shares involves a high degree of risk. We operate in a dynamic and rapidly changing industry that involves numerous risks and uncertainties. You should consider carefully the risk factor described below and the risks described under the caption "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors" in the 2021 Annual Report, and in our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022, found in our Form 6-K dated October 11, 2022, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before deciding whether to invest in our Common Shares. The risks described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, operating results or cash flows could be materially adversely affected. This could cause the trading price of our Common Shares to decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.*

**Risks Related to an Investment in Our Securities and this Offering**

***The sale of a substantial amount of our Common Shares, including resale of the Common Shares being registered hereunder, in the public market could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our Common Shares.***

We are registering for resale up to 11,494,253 Common Shares. Sales of substantial amounts of our Common Shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales might occur, could adversely affect the market price of our Common Shares, and the market value of our other securities. We cannot predict if and when Selling Shareholders may sell such shares in the public markets. Furthermore, in the future, we may issue additional Common Shares or other equity or debt securities convertible into Common Shares. Any such issuance could result in substantial dilution to our existing shareholders and could cause the price of our Common Shares to decline.

***Failure to meet Nasdaq's continued listing requirements could result in the delisting of our Common Shares, negatively impact the price of our Common Shares and negatively impact our ability to raise additional capital.***

On March 31, 2022, we received a deficiency letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market notifying us that, based on our shareholders' equity of $542,388 as of December 31, 2021, as reported in the 2021 Annual Report, we were no longer in compliance with the minimum shareholders' equity requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1), which requires listed companies to maintain shareholders' equity of at least $2.5 million. On May 16, 2022, we submitted our proposed plan of compliance to Nasdaq to achieve and sustain compliance with the foregoing listing requirement. On May 27, 2022, we received a notice from Nasdaq advising that we were granted an extension to regain compliance with the shareholders' equity requirement until September 27, 2022.

On September 29, 2022, we received a letter from Nasdaq stating that we had failed to regain compliance with the minimum stockholders' equity requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq, as required by Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1), within the extension period granted by Nasdaq and, accordingly, the Nasdaq staff had initiated procedures to delist our Common Shares and warrants from Nasdaq. We requested a hearing to appeal the Nasdaq staff's delisting determination.

On November 11, 2022, we received a letter from the Nasdaq Hearings Panel, or the Panel, indicating the Panel's decision to grant our request to continue our listing on Nasdaq. The continued listing is subject to the conditions that: (i) on or before January 19, 2023, we shall provide the Panel with updated pro forma financial statements (comprising a forecast income statement and balance sheet) for the year ended December 31, 2022, and the period ended March 31, 2023, for review; and (ii) on or before February 28, 2023, or the Exception Period, we will demonstrate compliance with Listing Rule 5550(b)(1), which requires that we maintain stockholders' equity of at least $2,500,000. On December 22, 2022, we reported that we believe that, after taking into account the proceeds from the December 2022 Private Placement, and based on interim financial data available to us, our total shareholders' equity as of December 22, 2022 exceeded $2.5 million.

In order to fully comply with the terms of this exception, we must be able to demonstrate compliance with all requirements for continued listing on Nasdaq. In the event that we are unable to do so, our securities may be delisted from Nasdaq. During the Exception Period, we are required to provide prompt notification of any significant events that occur during this time that may affect our compliance with Nasdaq requirements, including, but not limited to, any event that may call into question our ability to meet the terms of the exception granted.

In the event that we fail to regain compliance by the end of the applicable compliance period or Nasdaq does not grant us an additional compliance period or we fail to regain compliance by the end of such additional compliance period, our board of directors will weigh the available alternatives to regain compliance. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully resolve such noncompliance.

If, for any reason, Nasdaq should delist our Common Shares from trading on its exchange and we are unable to obtain listing on another national securities exchange or take action to restore our compliance with the Nasdaq continued listing requirements, a reduction in some or all of the following may occur, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our shareholders:

● the liquidity of our Common Shares;

● the market price of our Common Shares;

● our ability to obtain financing for the continuation of our operations;

● the number of institutional and general investors that will consider investing in our Common Shares;

● the number of investors in general that will consider investing in our Common Shares;

● the number of market makers in our Common Shares;

● the availability of information concerning the trading prices and volume of our Common Shares; and

● the number of broker-dealers willing to execute trades in our Common Shares.

Further, we would likely become a "penny stock", which would make trading of our Common Shares much more difficult.

 

**CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS**

Some of the statements made under "Our Company" and "Use of Proceeds" and elsewhere in this prospectus, including in our 2021 Annual Report, or incorporated by reference herein constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "intends" or "continue," or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

● the regulatory pathways that we may elect to utilize in seeking European Medicines Agency, or EMA, the FDA and other regulatory approvals;

● the use of Quilience (mazindol ER) in a compassionate use program and the results thereof;

● obtaining EMA and FDA approval of, or other regulatory action in Europe or the United States and elsewhere with respect to, Quilience, Nolazol NLS-4 or other product candidates that we may seek to develop;

● the commercial launch and future sales of Quilience, Nolazol, NLS-4 or any other future product candidates;

● the dosage of Quilience, Nolazol and NLS-4;

● our expectations regarding the timing of commencing further clinical trials, the process entailed in conducting each such trial, including dosages, and the order of such trials with each of our product candidates or whether such trials will be conducted at all;

● improved convenience relating to the prescription of and use of Nolazol for prescribers and patients (and their parents);

● our expectations regarding the supply of mazindol;

● third-party payor reimbursement for Quilience, Nolazol and NLS-4;

● our estimates regarding anticipated expenses, capital requirements and our needs for additional financing;

● changes to the narcolepsy patient market size and market adoption of Quilience by physicians and patients;

● that our financial position raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to obtain additional capital, we may not be able to continue our operations on the scope or scale as currently conducted, and that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition;

● the timing, cost, regulatory approvals or other aspects of the commercial launch of Quilience, Nolazol and NLS-4;

● submission of a Marketing Authorisation Application, or MAA, and New Drug Application with the EMA and FDA for Quilience, Nolazol and NLS-4, respectively;

● completion and receiving favorable results of clinical trials for Quilience, Nolazol and NLS-4;

● issuance of patents to us by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and other governmental patent agencies;

● new issuances of orphan drug designations;

● the development and approval of the use of mazindol for additional indications other than narcolepsy and ADHD;

● the development and commercialization, if any, of any other product candidates that we may seek to develop;

● the use of mazindol controlled release for treatment of additional indications other than narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia and ADHD;

● the ability of our management team to lead the development of our product candidates;

● our continued listing on Nasdaq;

● our expectations regarding licensing, acquisitions and strategic operations; and

● our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on our planned clinical trials, operations and financial position.

These statements are only current predictions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks in this in greater detail under the heading "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by law, we are under no duty to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date of this prospectus.

**USE OF PROCEEDS**

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares by the Selling Shareholders. All net proceeds from the sale of the Common Shares will go to the Selling Shareholders.

We may receive proceeds from the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants to the extent that the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash. If all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised for cash, the proceeds to the Company would be approximately CHF 115,000 (approximately $107,000), based on an exercise price of CHF 0.02 per share (subject to adjustment for reverse and forward share splits, share dividends, share combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Shares). We expect to use the net proceeds of such Pre-Funded Warrant exercises, if any, together with our existing cash, to fund the ongoing development of our lead product, Quilience (Mazindol ER) for the treatment of narcolepsy, to support business development and licensing activities, and for general corporate purposes. We can make no assurances that any of the Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercised, or if exercised, the quantity which will be exercised or the period in which they will be exercised.

Pending our use of the net proceeds from the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, we may invest the net proceeds in a variety of capital preservation investments, including short-term, investment grade, interest bearing instruments and U.S. government securities, as decided by our board of directors from time to time.

**capitalization**

The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and our capitalization as of June 30, 2022:

● on an actual basis;

● on a pro forma basis to give effect to (1) the sale of 5,194,802 Common Shares in September 2022 at a price of $0.77 per share, (2) 2,516,429 Common Shares issued as a result of the conversion of certain short-term notes issued in August 2022 at a price of $0.62 per share, and (3) the exercise of 1,184,616 Pre-Funded Warrants in July 2022 at a price of $0.02 per share.

● on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to (1) the sale of 11,494,253 Common Shares at a purchase price of $0.87 per share, consisting of (i) 5,747,126 Common Shares held by the Selling Shareholders purchased in the December 2022 Private Placement, and (ii) up to 5,747,127 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.

The information in this table should be read in conjunction with and is qualified by reference to the financial information thereto and other financial information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including the section entitled "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and our financial statements and related notes included in our 2021 Annual Report, incorporated by reference herein.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| ***U.S. dollars in thousands*** | **Actual** | **Pro Forma** | **Pro<br> Forma<br> As Adjusted** |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $1354187 | 6884187 | $16792937 |
| Long-term debt |  |  |  |
| **Shareholders' equity:** |  |  |  |
| Common Shares: 19,564,512 shares outstanding actual, 38,176,020 shares outstanding pro forma | 411268 | 589185 | 650764 |
| Treasury shares | (35572) | (32015) | (17780) |
| Additional paid-in capital | 45962126 | 51334344 | 61143588 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (32712) | (32712) | (32712) |
| Accumulated deficit | (50346584) | (50346584) | (50346584) |
| Total shareholders' equity | (4041474) | 1512218 | 11397276 |
| Total capitalization | $(4041474) | 1512218 | 11397276 |

---

The above discussion and table are based on 19,564,512 Common Shares outstanding as of June 30, 2022.

**SELLING SHAREHOLDERS**

The Common Shares being offered by the Selling Shareholders consist of (i) 5,747,126 of our Common Shares, at a purchase price of $0.87 per share, held by the Selling Shareholders, and (ii) up to 5,747,127 Common Shares issuable up the exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, at an exercise price of CHF 0.02 per share, each pursuant to the terms of the December 2022 Private Placement. See "Our Company – Recent Financing."

Other than the relationships described herein, to our knowledge, the Selling Shareholders are not employees or suppliers of ours or our affiliates. Within the past three years, other than the relationships described herein, the Selling Shareholders have not held a position as an officer or a director of ours, nor have any of the Selling Shareholders had any material relationship of any kind with us or any of our affiliates. All information with respect to share ownership has been furnished by the Selling Shareholders, unless otherwise noted. The Common Shares being offered are being registered to permit public secondary trading of such Common Shares and each Selling Shareholder may offer all or part of the Common Shares the Selling Shareholder owns for resale from time to time pursuant to this prospectus. None of the Selling Shareholders have any family relationships with our officers, directors or controlling shareholders.

A Selling Shareholder who is an affiliate of a broker-dealer and any participating broker-dealer are deemed to be "underwriters" within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and any commissions or discounts given to any such selling shareholder or broker-dealer may be regarded as underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. To our knowledge, none of the Selling Shareholders is a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer.

The term "Selling Shareholder(s)" also includes any transferees, pledgees, donees, or other successors in interest to the Selling Shareholders named in the table below. Unless otherwise indicated, to our knowledge, the person named in the table below has sole voting and investment power (subject to applicable community property laws) with respect to the Common Shares set forth opposite such person's name. We will file a supplement to this prospectus (or a post-effective amendment hereto, if necessary) to name successors to the named Selling Shareholders who are able to use this prospectus to resell the Common Shares offered hereby.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and includes Common Shares with respect to which each Selling Shareholder has voting and investment power. The table below lists the Selling Shareholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the Common Shares held by the Selling Shareholders. The second column lists the number of Common Shares beneficially owned by the Selling Shareholders based on their ownership of Common Shares as of January 12, 2023.

The third column lists the maximum number of Common Shares being offered by this prospectus by the Selling Shareholders. The number of shares that may actually be sold by the Selling Shareholders may be fewer than the number of shares being offered by this prospectus.

The fourth column assumes the sale of all of the Common Shares offered by the Selling Shareholders pursuant to this prospectus. The first column lists the Selling Shareholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the Common Shares held by them.

In accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement with the Selling Shareholders, this prospectus generally covers the resale of the maximum number of Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants issued to them in the Initial Closing of the December 2022 Private Placement. Because the number of Common Shares may be adjusted for reverse and forward share splits, share dividends, share combinations and other similar transactions, the number of Common Shares that will actually be issued may be more or less than the number of Common Shares being offered by this prospectus. Under the terms of the Pre-Funded Warrants, a Selling Shareholder may not exercise the Pre-Funded Warrants to the extent such exercise would cause such Selling Shareholder, together with its affiliates, to beneficially own a number of Common Shares which would exceed 19.99% of our then outstanding Common Shares following such exercise, excluding for purposes of such determination, Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants which have not been exercised. The number of Common Shares does not reflect this limitation. The Selling Shareholders may sell all, some or none of their shares in this offering. See "Plan of Distribution."

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Name of Selling Shareholder** | **Number of Common<br> Shares Owned Prior to<br> Offering** | **Number of Common<br> Shares Owned Prior to<br> Offering** | | **Number of Common<br> Shares Owned After<br> Offering** | **Number of Common<br> Shares Owned After<br> Offering** |
|  | **Number<sup>(1)</sup>** | **Percent** | **Maximum<br> Number of<br> Common<br> Shares to<br> be Offered<br> Pursuant<br> to this**<br>**Prospectus** | **Number<sup>(2)</sup>** | **Percent** |
| Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. | 6078677 | 15.92% | 6078677<sup>(3)</sup> | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0 | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0% |
| Biotechnology Value Fund II, L.P. | 4698460 | 12.31% | 4698460<sup>(4)</sup> | 0 | 0% |
| Biotechnology Value Trading Fund OS LP | 534176 | 1.40% | 534176<sup>(5)</sup> | 0 | 0% |
| MSI BVF SPV, LLC | 182940 | 0.48% | 182940<sup>(6)</sup> | 0 | 0% |

---

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with
 SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. The Common Shares subject to Pre-Funded Warrants
 are counted as outstanding for computing the percentage of the Selling Shareholders holding such Pre-Funded Warrants but are not
 counted as outstanding for computing the percentage of any other Selling Shareholder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) Assumes the sale of all Common Shares being offered
 pursuant to this prospectus.

(3) Consists of 3,039,338 Common Shares and 3,039,339
 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. BVF I GP LLC is the general partner of Biotechnology Value Fund,
 L.P., or BVF, and, accordingly, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by BVF. BVF GP Holdings LLC is the sole
 member of BVF I GP LLC and, accordingly, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by BVF. BVF Partners L.P. as the
 investment manager of BVF, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by BVF. BVF Inc., as the general partner of BVF
 Partners L.P. and Mark N. Lampert as director and officer of BVF Inc., may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially
 owned by BVF. The address of BVF is 44 Montgomery Street, 40<sup>th</sup> Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104.

(4) Consists of 2,349,230 Common Shares and 2,349,230
 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. BVF II GP LLC is the general partner of Biotechnology Value Fund
 II, L.P., or BVF2, and, accordingly, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by BVF2. BVF GP Holdings LLC is the
 sole member of BVF II GP LLC and, accordingly, may be deemed to beneficially own the shares held by BVF2. BVF Partners L.P. as the
 investment manager of BVF2, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by BVF2. BVF Inc., as the general partner of BVF
 Partners L.P. and Mark N. Lampert as director and officer of BVF Inc., may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially
 owned by BVF2. The address of BVF2 is 44 Montgomery Street, 40<sup>th</sup> Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104.

(5) Consists of 267,088 Common Shares and 267,088 Common
 Shares issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. BVF Partners OS Ltd. is the general partner of Biotechnology Value Trading
 Fund OS LP, or Trading Fund OS, and, accordingly, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially owned
 by Trading Fund OS. BVF Partners L.P., as the sole member of BVF Partners OS Ltd., may be deemed to beneficially own the securities
 held by Trading Fund OS. BVF Inc. as the general partner of BVF Partners L.P. and Mark N. Lampert as director and officer of BVF
 Inc., may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially owned by Trading Fund OS. The address of Trading Fund OS is 44
 Montgomery Street, 40<sup>th</sup> Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104.

(6) Consists of 91,470 Common
 Shares and 91,470 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants. BVF Partners L.P. as the investment manager of
 MSI BVF SPV, LLC, or MSI, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities held by MSI. BVF Inc., as the general partner
 of BVF Partners L.P. and Mark N. Lampert as director and officer of BVF Inc., may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially
 owned by MSI. The address of MSI is 44 Montgomery Street, 40<sup>th</sup> Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104.

**PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION**

The Selling Shareholders, which shall include donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling Common Shares or interests in Common Shares received after the date of this prospectus from a Selling Shareholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their Common Shares or interests in Common Shares on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the Common Shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.

The Selling Shareholders may use any one or more of the following methods when disposing of Common Shares or interests therein :

● ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

● block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the Common Shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

● purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its own account;

● an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

● privately negotiated transactions;

● short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC;

● through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

● through agreements between broker-dealers and the Selling Shareholders to sell a specified number of such Common Shares at a stipulated price per share;

● a combination of any such methods of sale; and

● any other method permitted by applicable law.

The Selling Shareholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the Common Shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the Common Shares, from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act amending the list of Selling Shareholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Shareholders under this prospectus. The Selling Shareholders also may transfer the Common Shares in other circumstances, in which case the pledgees, transferees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

In connection with the sale of our Common Shares or interests therein, the Selling Shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the Common Shares in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The Selling Shareholders may also sell Common Shares short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the Common Shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The Selling Shareholders may also enter into options or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to each such broker-dealer or other financial institution of Common Shares offered by this prospectus, which Common Shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Shareholders from the sale of the Common Shares offered by them will be the purchase price of the Common Shares less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the Selling Shareholders reserves the right to accept and, together with its agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of Common Shares to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this offering.

The Selling Shareholders also may resell all or a portion of the Common Shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule.

The Selling Shareholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the Common Shares or interests therein may be "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the Common Shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling Shareholders who are "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.

To the extent required, the Common Shares to be sold, the names of the Selling Shareholders, the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, and any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.

In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the Common Shares may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the Common Shares may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.

We have advised the Selling Shareholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of Common Shares in the market and to the activities of the Selling Shareholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the Selling Shareholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The Selling Shareholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the Common Shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

We have agreed to indemnify the Selling Shareholders against liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and state securities laws, relating to the registration of the Common Shares offered by this prospectus.

We have agreed with the Selling Shareholders to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective until the earlier of (1) such time as all of the Common Shares covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the registration statement and (2) the date on which all of the Common Shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act.

**LEGAL MATTERS**

Certain legal matters concerning this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Sullivan & Worcester LLP, New York, New York. Certain legal matters with respect to the legality of the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus were passed upon for us by Wenger Vieli AG, Zurich, Switzerland.

**EXPERTS**

The financial statements incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers AG, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

**EXPENSES**

The following are the estimated expenses of the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, all of which will be paid by us. With the exception of the SEC registration fee, all amounts are estimates and may change:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| SEC registration fee | $1989 |
| Printer fees and expenses | $1500 |
| Legal fees and expenses | $300000 |
| Accounting fees and expenses | $16500 |
| Miscellaneous | $2000 |
| Total | $321989 |

---

**ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES**

We are incorporated under the laws of Switzerland and our registered office and domicile is located in Kloten (Zurich), Switzerland. Moreover, a majority of our directors and senior management are not residents of the United States, and all or a substantial portion of our assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or upon such persons or to enforce against them judgments obtained in U.S. courts, including judgments in actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.

We have been advised by our Swiss counsel that there is doubt as to the enforceability in Switzerland of original actions, or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of civil liabilities to the extent predicated upon the federal and state securities laws of the United States. Original actions against persons in Switzerland based solely upon the U.S. federal or state securities laws are governed, among other things, by the principles set forth in the Swiss Federal Act on International Private Law. This statute provides that the application of provisions of non-Swiss law by the courts in Switzerland shall be precluded if the result was incompatible with Swiss public policy. Also, mandatory provisions of Swiss law may be applicable regardless of any other law that would otherwise apply.

Switzerland and the United States do not have a treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. The recognition and enforcement of a judgment of the courts of the United States in Switzerland is governed by the principles set forth in the Swiss Federal Act on Private International Law. This statute provides in principle that a judgment rendered by a non-Swiss court may be enforced in Switzerland only if:

● the non-Swiss court had jurisdiction pursuant to the Swiss Federal Act on Private International Law;

● the judgment of such non-Swiss court has become final and non-appealable;

● the judgment does not contravene Swiss public policy;

● the court procedures and the service of documents leading to the judgment were in accordance with the due process of law; and

● no proceeding involving the same position and the same subject matter was first brought in Switzerland, or adjudicated in Switzerland, or was earlier adjudicated in a third state and this decision is recognizable in Switzerland.

**WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION**

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-3 under the Securities Act relating to this offering of our Common Shares. This prospectus does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement. The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit certain information from this prospectus that is included in the registration statement. Statements made in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract, agreement or other document are summaries of all material information about the documents summarized, but are not complete descriptions of all terms of these documents. If we filed any of these documents as an exhibit to the registration statement, you may read the document itself for a complete description of its terms. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit.

The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Our filings with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC's website at https://www.sec.gov.

We are subject to the information reporting requirements of the Exchange Act that are applicable to foreign private issuers, and under those requirements we file reports with the SEC. Those other reports or other information may be inspected without charge at the locations described above. As a foreign private issuer, we will be exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our senior management, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file annual, quarterly and current reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we file with the SEC, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, or such applicable time as required by the SEC, an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements audited by an independent registered public accounting firm.

We maintain a corporate website at https://nlspharma.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.

**INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE**

The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to other documents which we have filed or will file with the SEC. We are incorporating by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below and all amendments or supplements we may file to such documents, as well as any future filings we may make with the SEC on Form 20-F under the Exchange Act before the time that all of the securities offered by this prospectus have been sold or de-registered:

● our Annual Report on [Form 20-F](http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022014905/f20f2021_nlspharma.htm) for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed on March 24, 2022;

● our Reports on Form 6-K furnished on [March 28, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022015303/ea157449-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first, second and fourth paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [March 31, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022016429/ea157660-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first paragraph and the section entitled "Safe Harbor Statement" contained in Exhibit 99.1), [April 1, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022017543/ea157809-6k_nlspharm.htm) and [April 6, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022018466/ea158151-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [April, 14, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022019870/ea158402-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [April 25, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022021444/ea158811-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the Form 6-K report and the Amended and Restated Articles of Association filed as Exhibit 3.1 thereto), [April 27, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022021747/ea158916-6k_nlspharm.htm) , [May 4, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022023819/ea159354-6k_nlspharmac.htm) (with respect to the first paragraph and the section entitled "Safe Harbor Statement" contained in Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [May 11, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022025618/ea159747-6k_nlspharmac.htm) , [June 1, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022030694/ea161009-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [June 2, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022030831/ea161027-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first paragraph and the section entitled "Safe Harbor Statement" contained in Exhibit 99.1), [June 3, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022031201/ea161145_6k-nlspharma.htm) , [June 6, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022031266/ea161163-6k_nlspharma.htm) <u>,</u> [June 10, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022032257/ea161406-6k_nls.htm) ; [July 21, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022040574/ea163112-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first two paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [July 28, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022042196/ea163468-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first paragraph and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [August 23, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022050535/ea164849-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [September 8, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022054667/ea165474-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first and third paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [September 16, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022056621/ea165888-6k_nlspharma.htm) (on Form 6-K/A, with respect to the first and third paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K/A), [September 16, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022056617/ea165719-6ka1_nlspharma.htm) (on Form 6-K), [September 27, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022059143/ea166364-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first four paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [October 3, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022060989/ea166644-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [October 6, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022062468/ea166819-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [October 7, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022062787/ea166893-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [October 11, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022063325/ea166878-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [October 28, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022067164/ea167731-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [November 2, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022068418/ea167916-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first and third paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [November 7, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022069616/ea168121-6k_nlspharmaceutics.htm) (with respect to the first six paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [November 14, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022071639/ea168548-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [November 23, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022074725/ea169166-6k_nlspharma.htm) ; [December 1, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022076682/ea169499-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first and fourth paragraphs and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K); [December 7, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022078063/ea169759-6k_nlspharmaceutics.htm) , [December 8, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022078494/ea169823-6k_nlspharmaceutics.htm) (as amended by our Report on Form 6-K/A furnished on [December 16, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022080565/ea170354-6ka1_nlspharma.htm)), [December 14, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022079783/ea170169-6k_nls.htm) (two reports furnished on such date), [December 20, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022081374/ea170572-6k_nlspharma.htm) (with respect to the first paragraph and the section titled "Safe Harbor Statement" in the press release attached as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 6-K), [December 22, 2022](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022081988/ea170647-6k_nlspharma.htm) , [January 10, 2023](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390023001839/ea171446-6k_nlspharm.htm) , and [January 12, 2023](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390023002388/ea171572-6k_nlspharma.htm) ; and

● the description of our Common Shares contained in our Registration Statement on [Form 8-A](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390021004771/ea134057-8a12b_nlsphar.htm) filed with the SEC on January 28, 2021.

As you read the above documents, you may find inconsistencies in information from one document to another. If you find inconsistencies between the documents and this prospectus, you should rely on the statements made in the most recent document. All information appearing in this prospectus is qualified in its entirety by the information and financial statements, including the notes thereto, contained in the documents incorporated by reference herein.

We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, a copy of these filings, at no cost, upon written or oral request to us at the following address: The Circle 6, 8058 Zurich, Switzerland, Attention: Chief Financial Officer.

![](image_001.jpg)

**NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.**

 **Up to 11,494,253 Common Shares**

**PROSPECTUS**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;, 2023

**PART II**

**INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS**

**Item 6. Indemnification of Directors, Officers and Employees**

Under Swiss law, a corporation may indemnify its directors or officers against losses and expenses (except for such losses and expenses arising from willful misconduct or negligence, although legal scholars advocate that at least gross negligence be required; however, some scholars also advocate that with any breach of duty, indemnification by the Company is not permissible), including attorney's fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts actually and reasonably incurred in a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding by reason of having been the representative of, or serving at the request of, the corporation.

Subject to Swiss law, our articles of association provide for indemnification of the existing and former members of our board of directors, senior management, and their heirs, executors and administrators, against liabilities arising in connection with the performance of their duties in such capacity, and permit us to advance the expenses of defending any act, suit or proceeding to members of our board of directors and senior management.

In addition, under general principles of Swiss employment law, an employer may be required to indemnify an employee against losses and expenses incurred by such employee in the proper execution of his or her duties under the employment agreement with the Company.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of the members of our board of directors and senior management in the form to be filed as an exhibit to this registration statement upon the completion of this offering. We have also obtained directors' and officers' liability insurance to cover certain actions undertaken by our board of directors and senior management.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Company, the Company has been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable.

**Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities** 

Set forth below are the sales of all securities by the Company since January 2020, which were not registered under the Securities Act. The Company believes that each of such issuances was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D or Regulation S under the Securities Act. On September 14, 2020, our shareholders approved an amendment to our articles of association, which reflects a 5,000 for 1 stock split of our Common Shares, effective as of September 14, 2020, or the Share Split. Information in this Item 7 reflects the Share Split.

On February 2, 2021, we issued 12,048 of our Common Shares that we were contractually required to issue to a certain service provider.

On October 19, 2021, we issued 1,313,232 of our Common Shares to YA II PN, LTD., a Cayman Islands exempt limited partnership, or YA, for aggregate gross proceeds of $2.5 million. In addition, on October 19, 2021, we issued 26,203 of our Common Shares to YA as partial consideration for its irrevocable commitment to purchase our Common Shares under the Standby Equity Distribution Agreement, or the SEDA.

On April 25, 2022, we issued warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 3,150,000 Common Shares at an exercise of $1.04 per share. The warrants will be exercisable six months after their issuance and will expire five and a half years following their issuance.

On September 30, 2022, we issued 5,194,802 Common Shares, at a purchase price of $0.77 per share, and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,597,400 Common Shares at an exercise of $0.70 per share. At the closing of the offering, our existing short-term notes, with an aggregate principal balance of $1.53 million plus all accrued interest, that were issued in August 2022, were automatically converted into 2,516,429 Common Shares and the holders received 307,844 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of the short term note original warrants, at an exercise of $0.4970 per share, which expire 24 months following their issuance on August 19, 2022, and warrants to purchase up to 1,258,215 Common Shares with an exercise price of $0.70, that are exercisable six months after their issuance and will expire five years following the date that the warrants are initially exercisable.

On December 13, 2022, we issued 5,747,126 Common Shares and Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase 5,747,127 Common Shares at a purchase price of $0.87 per Common Share and $0.87 per Pre-Funded Warrant, for aggregate gross proceeds of $10 million.

**Item 9. Exhibits**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit<br> Number** | **Exhibit Description** |
| 3.1 | [Amended and Restated Articles of Association of NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd. (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Form 6-K (File No. 001-39957) furnished on October 28, 2022).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022067164/ea167731ex99-1_nlspharma.htm) |
| 4.1 | [Form of Pre-Funded Warrants (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to Form 6-K (File No. 001-39957) furnished on December 8, 2022).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022078494/ea169823ex99-2_nlspharma.htm) |
| 5.1\* | [Opinion of Wenger Vieli AG, Swiss counsel to NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.](ea171509ex5-1_nlspharm.htm) |
| 10.1 | [Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 6, 2022 between the Company and the purchasers named therein (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to Form 6-K (File No. 001-39957) furnished on December 8, 2022).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1783036/000121390022078494/ea169823ex99-3_nlspharma.htm) |
| 23.1\* | [Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers AG.](ea171509ex23-1_nlspharm.htm) |
| 23.2\* | [Consent of Wenger Vieli AG, Swiss counsel to NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd. (included in Exhibit 5.1).](ea171509ex5-1_nlspharm.htm) |
| 24.1\* | [Power of Attorney (included on signature page).](#poa_001) |
| 107\* | [Filing fee table.](ea171509ex-fee_nlspharma.htm) |

---

\* Filed herewith.

**Item 10. Undertakings**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The undersigned registrant
 hereby undertakes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and a(l)(iii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial *bona fide* offering thereof.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, *provided*, that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Rule 3-19 of this chapter if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) If
 the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A. Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to
 Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and
 included in the registration statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B. Each
 prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of
 a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to
 Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by
 section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in
 the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first
 used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering
 described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer
 and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new
 effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration
 statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time
 shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. *Provided, however,* that
 no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration
 statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the
 registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as
 to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or
 modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part
 of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective
 date.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) If
 the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as
 part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements
 relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be
 deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first
 used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement
 or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated
 or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is
 part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale
 prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration
 statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document
 immediately prior to such date of first use.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned
 registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering
 prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating
 to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the
 undersigned registrant; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering
 made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Zurich, Switzerland on January 13, 2023.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.** | **NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.** |
| By: | /s/ Alexander Zwyer |
|  | Alexander Zwyer |
|  | Chief Executive Officer |

---

**POWER OF ATTORNEY**

The undersigned officers and directors of NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd. hereby constitute and appoint Alexander Zwyer with full power of substitution, as our true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to take any actions to enable the Company to comply with the Securities Act, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the SEC, in connection with this registration statement on Form F-3, including the power and authority to sign for us in our names in the capacities indicated below any and all further amendments to this registration statement and any other registration statement filed pursuant to the provisions of Rule 462 under the Securities Act.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form F-3 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Signature** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ Alexander Zwyer | Chief Executive Officer and Director | January 13, 2023 |
| Alexander Zwyer | (Principal Executive Officer) |  |
| /s/ Chad Hellmann | Chief Financial Officer | January 13, 2023 |
| Chad Hellmann | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |  |
| /s/ Ronald Hafner | Chairman of the Board of Directors | January 13, 2023 |
| Ronald Hafner |  |  |
| /s/ Myoung-Ok Kwon | Director | January 13, 2023 |
| Myoung-Ok Kwon |  |  |
| /s/ Stig Løkke Pedersen | Director | January 13, 2023 |
| Stig Løkke Pedersen |  |  |
| /s/ Gian-Marco Rinaldi de la Cruz | Director | January 13, 2023 |
| Gian-Marco Rinaldi de la Cruz |  |  |

---

**SIGNATURE OF AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES**

Pursuant to the Securities Act, the undersigned, Puglisi & Associates, the duly authorized representative in the United States of NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd., has signed this registration statement on January 13, 2023.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Puglisi & Associates** | **Puglisi & Associates** |
| By: | /s/ Donald J. Puglisi |
| Name: | Donald J. Puglisi |
| Title: | Managing Director |

---

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| ![](ex5-1_001.jpg) | **Wenger Vieli Ltd.**<br> Dufourstrasse 56<br> P.O. Box<br> 8034 Zurich<br>**Andreas Hünerwadel \***<br> Dr. iur. \| LL.M. \| Attorney at law<br> Partner<br> +41 58 958 55 11<br> a.huenerwadel@<br> wengervieli.ch |
| NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd<br> The Circle 6<br> 8058 Zurich<br> Switzerland<br>| **Pascal Honold \***<br> lic. iur. \| LL.M. \| Attorney at law<br> Partner<br> +41 58 958 55 44<br> p.honold@<br> wengervieli.ch<br>CHE-100.791.342 MWST<br>|

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| AHN / PHO |  |
| **NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd – Registration Statement on Form F-3**<br>| January 13, 2023 |

---

Ladies and Gentlemen,

We have acted as special Swiss counsel to NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd, a stock corporation incorporated under the laws of Switzerland (the "**Company**"), in connection with the filing of a Registration Statement on Form F-3 filed on or around the date hereof (the "**Registration Statement**"), including the prospectus set forth therein, with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**SEC**") for the purpose of registering under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "**Securities Act**"), the resale from time to time by the Selling Shareholders (as defined in the Registration Statement) of up to i) 5'747'126 common shares of the Company, par value CHF 0.02 per share (the "**Common Shares**"), and (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 5'747'127 common shares of the Company, par value of CHF 0.02 per share, issued or issuable pursuant to the terms of a securities purchase agreement dated 6 December 2022 between the Company and the Selling Shareholders (the "**Pre-Funded Warrant Shares**").

As such counsel, we have been requested to give our opinion as to certain legal matters of Swiss law.

**I.** **Basis of Opinion** 

This opinion is confined to and given on the basis of the laws of Switzerland in force at the date hereof. Such laws and the interpretation thereof are subject to change. In the absence of explicit statutory law, we base our opinion solely on our independent professional judgment. This opinion is also confined to the matters stated herein and is not to be read as extending, by implication or otherwise, to any other matter.

\* Registered in the Bar Register of the Canton of Zurich

For purposes of this opinion we have not conducted any due diligence or similar investigation as to factual circumstances, which are or may be referred to in the Documents (as defined hereafter), and we express no opinion as to the accuracy of representations and warranties of facts set out in the Documents or the factual background assumed therein.

For purposes of this opinion, we have only reviewed originals or copies of the following documents (collectively the "**Documents**"):

1. an electronic copy of the notarized resolutions of the extraordinary
shareholders' meeting of the Company dated 27 October 2022 regarding the increase of authorized and conditional share capital;

2. an electronic copy of the certified excerpt from the commercial
registry of the Canton of Zurich in respect of the Company dated 28 October 2022;

3. an electronic copy of the excerpt of the electronic publication
in the SHAB (Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce) in respect of the Company dated 1 November 2022;

4. an electronic copy of the articles of association of the Company
dated 27 October 2022 as filed with the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich (the "**Articles 1** ");

5. an electronic copy of the resolutions of the Company's board
of directors dated 9 December 2022 regarding the issuance of 3'078'950 common shares by means of an authorized capital increase;

6. an electronic copy of the notarized resolutions of the Company's
board of directors dated 9 December 2022 regarding the implementation of the authorized capital increase (*Feststellungsbeschluss*)
for the issuance of 3'078'950 common shares and the corresponding amendments to the Articles 1;

7. an electronic copy of the certified excerpt from the commercial
registry of the Canton of Zurich regarding the Company dated 12 December 2022;

8. a certified copy of the articles of association of the Company
in their version dated 9 December 2022, certified as of 9 December 2022;

9. an electronic copy of the excerpt of the electronic publication
in the SHAB (the Official Gazette of Commerce) in respect of the Company dated 14 December 2022;

No documents, other than the Documents, have been reviewed by us in connection with this opinion. Accordingly, we shall limit to our opinion to the Documents and their legal implications under Swiss law.

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**II.** **Assumptions** 

In rendering the opinion below, we assumed:

a) no laws (other than those of Switzerland) affect any of the
conclusions stated in this opinion;

b) the genuineness of all signatures;

c) the completeness of and conformity to the originals of all Documents
submitted to us as copies; and

d) to the extent relevant for purposes of this opinion, that all
factual information contained in, or material statements given in connection with, the Documents are true, complete and accurate.

**III.** **Opinion** 

Based upon the foregoing and subject to the qualifications set out below, we are of the opinion that:

a) The Common Shares are validly issued, fully paid-in (up to their
nominal amount) and non-assessable (which term means when used herein that no further contributions have to be made by the holders of
the Common Shares).

b) The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issued by means of an ordinary
share capital increase (*ordentliche Aktienkapitalerhöhung*), will be validly issued, fully paid-in (up to their nominal amount)
and non-assessable (which term means when used herein that no further contributions have to be made by the holders of the Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares) if the following conditions have been met:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;i. the shareholders' meeting of the Company will have duly resolved
the increase in ordinary share capital in such amount to cover the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares to be issued by means of an ordinary share
capital increase (*ordentliche Aktienkapitalerhöhung*);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ii. the board of directors of the Company will have in respect
of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, validly excluded the pre-emptive rights of the existing shareholders for purposes of offering and selling
the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;iii. prior to the issuance of any Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, (a)
the board of directors of the Company will have duly authorized the issuance and sale of such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares (in particular
a resolution of the Company's board of directors regarding the implementation of the ordinary capital increase (*Feststellungsbeschluss*)
was validly made) and such authorization will not have been amended and will be in full force and effect until the issuance of all Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares, and (b) the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares are fully paid-in as to their nominal value on a bank account of a Swiss licensed
bank in Switzerland, and (c) the corresponding share capital increase in connection with such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares has been registered
into the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich (or such other competent commercial register) and published in the SHAB (Swiss Official
Gazette of Commerce).

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c) The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issued from authorized share capital
(*genehmigtes Aktienkapital*), will be validly issued, fully paid-in (up to their nominal amount) and non-assessable (which term
means when used herein that no further contributions have to be made by the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares) if the following
conditions have been met:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;i. the shareholders' meeting of the Company will have duly resolved
the increase authorized share capital (*genehmigtes Aktienkapital*) in such amount to cover the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares to be
issued from authorized share capital (*genehmigtes Aktienkapital*) within the limits of Swiss corporate law and the corresponding
amendments to the Company's articles of association have been filed with the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich (or such other
competent commercial register);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ii. the board of directors of the Company will have in respect
of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, validly excluded the pre-emptive rights of the existing shareholders for purposes of offering and selling
the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;iii. prior to the issuance of any Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, (a)
the board of directors of the Company will have duly authorized the issuance and sale of such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares (in particular
a resolution of the Company's board of directors regarding the implementation of the authorized capital increase (*Feststellungsbeschluss*)
was validly made) and such authorization will not have been amended and will be in full force and effect until the issuance of all Pre-Funded
Warrant Shares, and (b) the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares are fully paid-in as to their nominal value on a bank account of a Swiss licensed
bank in Switzerland, and (c) the corresponding share capital increase in connection with such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares has been registered
into the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich (or such other competent commercial register) and published in the SHAB (Swiss Official
Gazette of Commerce);

d) The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares issued from conditional share
capital (*bedingtes Aktienkapital*), will be validly issued, fully paid-in (up to their nominal amount) and non-assessable (which
term means when used herein that no further contributions have to be made by the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares) if the following
conditions have been met:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;i. the shareholders' meeting of the Company will have duly resolved
the increase in conditional (*bedingtes Aktienkapital*) in such amount to cover the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares to be issued from
conditional (*bedingtes Aktienkapital*) within the limits of Swiss corporate law and the corresponding amendments to the Company's
articles of association have been filed with the Commercial Register of the Canton of Zurich (or such other competent commercial register);

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ii. the board of directors of the Company will have in respect
of the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, validly excluded the pre-emptive rights of the existing shareholders for purposes of offering and selling
the Pre-Funded Warrant Shares; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;iii. prior to the issuance of any Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, (a)
the exercise notice(s) to subscribe for such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares will have been validly issued and properly delivered to the Company,
and (b) such Pre-Funded Warrant Shares will be fully paid-in on a bank account of a Swiss licensed bank in Switzerland as to their exercise
price of at least nominal value.

**IV.** **Qualifications** 

This opinion is subject to the following qualifications:

a) This opinion is limited to matters of Swiss law as in force
on the date hereof and as applied and construed by the courts of Switzerland.

b) We express no opinion as to any commercial, calculating, auditing
or other non-legal matters. Further, this opinion does not cover any matter relating to Swiss or foreign taxes. This opinion is also
confined to the matters stated herein and is not to be read as extending, by implication or otherwise, to any other matter.

In this opinion, Swiss legal concepts are expressed in English terms and not in their original Swiss language. The concepts concerned may not be identical to the concepts described by the same English terms as they exist under the laws of other jurisdictions. This opinion may, therefore, only be relied upon under the express condition that any issues of interpretation or liability arising hereunder will be governed by Swiss law and that any dispute arising out of or in connection with this opinion shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of Zurich 1, Switzerland.

This opinion is given as of the date hereof. We have no responsibility to notify you of changes of law or facts affecting the opinions expressed herein that occur or come to our attention after the date hereof.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and further consent to the reference to our name under the caption "Legal Matters". In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act.

Yours faithfully,

Wenger Vieli Ltd.

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| /s/ Dr. Andreas Hünerwadel | /s/ Pascal Honold |

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## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1**

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form F-3 of NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd. of our report dated March 24, 2022 relating to the financial statements, which appears in NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.'s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.

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| /s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers AG |
| Zurich, Switzerland |
| January 13, 2023 |

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PricewaterhouseCoopers AG, Birchstrasse 160, Postfach, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland Telefon: +41 58 792 44 00, Telefax: +41 58 792 44 10, www.pwc.ch

PricewaterhouseCoopers AG is a member of the global PricewaterhouseCoopers network of firms, each of which is a separate and independent legal entity.

## Ex-Filing

**Exhibit 107**

**Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**

**<u>FORM F-3</u>**

(Form Type)

**<u>NLS Pharmaceutics Ltd.</u>**

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

**<u>Not Applicable</u>**

(Translation of registrant's name into English)

<u>Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities</u>

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| | | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Security<br> Type** | **Security<br> Class<br> Title <br> (1)(2)** | **Fee<br> Calculation<br> or Carry<br> Forward Rule** | **Amount<br> Registered<br> (1)(2)** | **Proposed<br> Maximum<br> Offering<br> Price Per<br> Unit<br> (3)(4)** | **Maximum<br> Aggregate<br> Offering<br> Price** | **Fee<br> Rate** | **Amount of<br> Registration<br> Fee** |
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Common Shares, par value CHF 0.02 | Rule 457(o) | <u>11494253(5)</u> | $1.57 | $18045977.2 | <u>$110.20 per $1,000,000</u> | $1988.67 |
| Fees Previously Paid |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | **Total Offering Amounts** | 11494253 |  | $18045977.2 |  | $1988.67 |
|  | **Total Fees Previously Paid** | **Total Fees Previously Paid** | **Total Fees Previously Paid** |  |  |  |  | $0.00 |
|  | **Total Fee Offsets** | **Total Fee Offsets** | **Total Fee Offsets** |  |  |  |  | $0.00 |
|  | **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** | **Net Fee Due** |  |  |  |  | $1988.67 |

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(1) Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
or the Securities Act, the Common Shares, par value CHF 0.02 per share, or Common Shares, registered hereby also include an indeterminate
number of additional Common Shares as may from time to time become issuable by reason of share splits, share dividends, recapitalizations
or other similar transactions.

(2) Includes (1) 5,747,126 Common Shares, and (2) up to 5,747,127 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants, at an exercise price of CHF 0.02 per share.

(3) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act, based on the average of the high and low sales prices of the Common Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market on January 6, 2023.

(4) The Registrant will not receive any proceeds from the sale of its Common Shares by the selling shareholders.

(5) All 11,494,253 Common Shares are to be offered for resale by the selling shareholders named in the prospectus contained in this Registration Statement on Form F-3.