# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001352621
**File Stem:** 0001580642-26-001682
**Filing Date:** 2026-3
**Character Count:** 120205
**Document Hash:** 2a746626d207ce040f0bb18ebc7ed23a
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001580642-26-001682.hdr.sgml**: 20260309

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001580642-26-001682

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: N-CSR

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 24

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20251231

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260309

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260309

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20260309

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Northern Lights Variable Trust
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001352621

**ORGANIZATION NAME:**
- **EIN:** 000000000
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** N-CSR
- **SEC ACT:** 1940 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 811-21853
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26736326

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 225 PICTORIA DRIVE
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 450
- **CITY:** CINCINNATI
- **STATE:** OH
- **ZIP:** 45246
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 631-470-2600

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 17645 WRIGHT STREET
- **STREET 2:** SUITE 200
- **CITY:** OMAHA
- **STATE:** NE
- **ZIP:** 68130

## Series and Classes Contracts Data

### TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio (Series ID: S000040836)

| Class ID   | Class Name                           | Ticker Symbol   |
|:---|:---|:---|
| C000126627 | TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio |  |

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

**FORM N-CSR**

**CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES**

Investment Company Act file number <u>811-21853</u>

<u>Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust</u> <br> (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

<u>225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, OH</u> <u>45246</u> <br> (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

<u>The Corporation Trust Company</u> <br> <u>1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, DE 19801</u> <br> (Name and address of agent for service)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: <u>631-470-2600</u>

Date of fiscal year end: <u>12/31</u>

Date of reporting period: <u>12/31/2025</u>

**Item 1. Reports to Stockholders.**

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

# TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio

## Portfolio

#### Annual Shareholder Report - December 31, 2025
![Image](i17325255b6a84ce28c79cc4f.jpg)

## Fund Overview
This annual shareholder report contains important information about TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio for the period of January 1, 2025 to December 31, 2025. You can find additional information about the Fund at **https://topsfunds.com/tops-portfolios/vit/**. You can also request this information by contacting us at 1-855-572-5945.

## What were the Fund's costs for the last year?
(based on a hypothetical $10,000 investment)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Class Name** | **Costs of a $10,000 investment** | **Costs paid as a percentage of a $10,000 investment** |
| Fund | $90 | 0.86% |

---

## How did the Fund perform during the reporting period?
Stocks and bonds remained resilient in 2025, overcoming concerns about the U.S. job market and AI (artificial intelligence) spending at year end to post above average results. The TOPS strategies benefited from diversification and strategic allocation, leading the portfolios to favorable results.

For the year, large-cap growth (S&P 500 Growth Total Return Index) rose +22.2%. Large-cap value (S&P 500 Value Total Return Index) was up +13.2%. Mid-cap equities (S&P MidCap 400 Total Return Index) gained +7.5%, while small caps (S&P Small Cap 600 Total Return Index) were up +12.2%. Developed international markets (FTSE Developed ex US All Cap Net Tax [US RIC] Index) led leading globally, up +34.9%. Emerging markets ex-China (MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Net Return USD Index) was up +34.6%, and emerging markets ex-state-owned enterprises (WisdomTree Emerging Markets ex-State Owned Enterprises Index) gained +27.9%. Broad-based emerging markets (FTSE Emerging Markets All Cap China A Inclusion Net Tax [US RIC] Index) were +24.5%. Emerging market local currency bonds (J.P. Morgan Government Bond Index Emerging Markets Global Core) finished up +19.0%. Mortgage-backed securities (Bloomberg US MBS Float Adjusted Index) returned +8.5%, high-yield corporate bonds (Solactive USD High Yield Corporates Index) were up +8.6%, and corporate bonds (ICE BofA US Corporate Index) gained +7.8%. Intermediate-term Treasuries (Bloomberg U.S. Treasury 3-10 Year Total Return Index) were up +7.5%. Short-term TIPS (Bloomberg US Treasury TIPS 0-5 Years Index) gained +6.1%, short-term corporates (Bloomberg US Corporate 1-3 Year Index) were up +5.9%, and short-term Treasuries (Bloomberg U.S. Treasury 1-3 Year Index) returned +5.2%. Floating-rate corporates (Bloomberg US FRN <5 Years Index) finished up +5.1%. Global ex-US aggregate bonds (Bloomberg GLA xUSD Float Adjusted RIC Capped Index) rose +3.0%. Year-to-date, global natural resources (Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Net Return Index) were up +30.3%. The global real estate sector (FTSE EPRA Nareit Global REITs Net Tax Index) gained +7.2%.

## How has the Fund performed over the last ten years?

### Total Return Based on $10,000 Investment
![Chart showing performance over last 10 years or since inception](i08ba36e0fe65531df9ae8784.jpg)

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| | **TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** | **S&P 500<sup>®</sup> Index** |
| **Dec-2015** | $10000 | $10000 |
| **Dec-2016** | $10536 | $11196 |
| **Dec-2017** | $11720 | $13640 |
| **Dec-2018** | $10964 | $13042 |
| **Dec-2019** | $12561 | $17149 |
| **Dec-2020** | $13208 | $20304 |
| **Dec-2021** | $14369 | $26132 |
| **Dec-2022** | $12628 | $21399 |
| **Dec-2023** | $13799 | $27025 |
| **Dec-2024** | $14654 | $33786 |
| **Dec-2025** | $15992 | $39827 |

---

## **Average Annual Total Returns** 

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **1 Year** | **5 Years** | **10 Years** |
| TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio | 9.13% | 3.90% | 4.81% |
| S&P 500<sup>®</sup> Index | 17.88% | 14.42% | 14.82% |

---

***The Fund's past performance is not a good predictor of how the Fund will perform in the future. The graph and table do not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or redemption of fund shares. For updated performance call 1-855-572-5945.***

## **Fund Statistics** 
* Net Assets$122,810,881

* Number of Portfolio Holdings31

* Advisory Fee $382,613

* Portfolio Turnover7%

## **Asset Weighting (% of total investments)**![Group By Asset Type Chart](ib05493ff1caeeb88fab47509.jpg)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Value** | **Value** |
| Collateral for Securities Loaned | 1.3% |
| Exchange-Traded Funds | 87.3% |
| Money Market Funds | 11.4% |

---

## What did the Fund invest in?

## **Sector Weighting (% of net assets)**![Group By Sector Chart](ie43d50d9b76a5defce8f4605.jpg)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Value** | **Value** |
| Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets | -1.2% |
| Collateral for Securities Loaned | 1.4% |
| Money Market | 11.5% |
| Fixed Income | 38.9% |
| Equity | 49.4% |

---

## Top 10 Holdings (% of net assets)

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Holding Name | % of Net Assets |
| Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | 10.8% |
| Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF | 9.4% |
| Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities ETF | 9.1% |
| State Street SPDR Portfolio Short Term Corporate ETF | 7.2% |
| iShares iBoxx $ Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF | 6.3% |
| State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 400 Mid Cap ETF | 5.4% |
| State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 500 Value ETF | 5.1% |
| Vanguard Intermediate-Term Treasury ETF | 3.6% |
| iShares Global REIT ETF | 3.6% |
| State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 600 Small Cap ETF | 3.6% |

---

## Material Fund Changes
No material changes occurred during the year ended December 31, 2025.

![Image](icc1161ec7ef94487cf055e93.jpg)

# TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio - Fund

#### Annual Shareholder Report - December 31, 2025

## Where can I find additional information about the Fund?
Additional information is available on the Fund's website (**https://topsfunds.com/tops-portfolios/vit/**), including its:

* Prospectus

* Financial information

* Holdings

* Proxy voting information

TSR-AR 123125-TMRF

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Not applicable

**Item 2. Code of Ethics.**

(a) As of the end of the period covered
 by this report, the registrant has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the registrant's principal executive officer, principal
 financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals
 are employed by the registrant or a third party.

(b) For purposes of this item, "code
 of ethics" means written standards that are reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Honest and ethical conduct, including
 the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) Full, fair, accurate, timely, and
 understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the Commission and in other public communications
 made by the registrant;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) Compliance with applicable governmental
 laws, rules, and regulations;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) The prompt internal reporting of
 violations of the code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the code; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) Accountability for adherence to
 the code.

(c) Amendments: During the period covered
 by the report, there have not been any amendments to the provisions of the code of ethics.

(d) Waivers: During the period covered
 by the report, the registrant has not granted any express or implicit waivers from the provisions of the code of ethics.

(e) The Code of Ethics is not posted
 on Registrant' website.

(f) A copy of the Code of Ethics is
 attached as an exhibit.

**Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.**

(a)(1)ii The Registrant's board of trustees has determined that Mark H. Taylor is an audit committee financial expert, as defined in Item 3 of Form N-CSR. Mr. Taylor is independent for purposes of this Item 3.

**Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.**

(a)  **<u>Audit Fees</u>** 

FYE 2025 - $13,270

FYE 2024 - $12,880

(b)  **<u>Audit-Related Fees</u>** 

FYE 2025 - None

FYE 2024 - None

(c)  **<u>Tax Fees</u>** 

FYE 2025 - $3,840

FYE 2024 - $3,720

Preparation of Federal & State income tax returns, assistance with calculation of required income, capital gain and excise distributions and preparation of Federal excise tax returns.

(d)  **<u>All Other Fees</u>** 

FYE 2025 – None

FYE 2024 – None

(e) (1)  **<u>Audit Committee's Pre-Approval Policies</u>** 

The registrant's Audit Committee is required to pre-approve all audit services and, when appropriate, any non-audit services (including audit-related, tax and all other services) to the registrant. The registrant's Audit Committee also is required to pre-approve, when appropriate, any non-audit services (including audit-related, tax and all other services) to its adviser, or any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant, to the extent that the services may be determined to have an impact on the operations or financial reporting of the registrant. Services are reviewed on an engagement by engagement basis by the Audit Committee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2)  **<u>Percentages of Services Approved by the Audit Committee</u>** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | 2024 | 2025 |
| Audit-Related Fees: | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Tax Fees: | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| All Other Fees: | 0.00% | 0.00% |

---

(f) During the audit of registrant's
 financial statements for the most recent fiscal year, less than 50 percent of the hours expended on the principal accountant's engagement
 were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant's full-time, permanent employees.

(g) All
 non-audit fees billed by the registrant's principal accountant for services rendered to the registrant for the fiscal years ended
 December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively are disclosed in (b)-(d) above. There were no audit or non-audit services performed by the registrant's
 principal accountant for the registrant's adviser.

(h) The registrant's audit committee
 has considered whether the provision of non-audit services to the registrant's investment adviser (not including any sub-adviser
 whose role is primarily portfolio management and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling,
 controlled by, or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant, that were not pre-approved
 pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X, is compatible with maintaining the principal accountant's independence.

(i) Not applicable

(j) Not applicable

**Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Companies.** Not applicable to open-end investment companies.

**Item 6. Investments.** The Registrant's schedule of investments in unaffiliated issuers is included in the Financial Statements under Item 7 of this form.

**Item 7. Financial Statements and Financial Highlights for Open-End Management Investment Companies.**

(a) ---

| |
|:---|
| ![(TOPS LOGO)](to001_v1.jpg) |
| TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio |
| *A series of the Northern Lights Variable Trust* |
| Annual Financial Statements and Additional Information |
| December 31, 2025 |
| Distributed by Northern Lights Distributors, LLC |
| Member FINRA |

---

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS MANAGED RISK FLEX ETF PORTFOLIO** |
| **SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Shares** |  | **Fair Value** |
|  | **EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS — 88.3%** |  |
|  | **EQUITY - 49.4%** |  |
| 80869 | FlexShares Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund | $3707844 |
| 177203 | iShares Global REIT ETF<sup>(a)</sup> | 4421215 |
| 30678 | iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ex China ETF | 2229677 |
| 17894 | iShares MSCI USA Small-Cap Multifactor ETF | 1339903 |
| 113620 | State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 400 Mid Cap ETF | 6579734 |
| 110044 | State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 500 Value ETF | 6251600 |
| 93130 | State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 600 Small Cap ETF | 4364072 |
| 20661 | State Street SPDR Portfolio S&P 500 Growth ETF | 2204529 |
| 185217 | Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF | 11570506 |
| 69137 | Vanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF | 3716805 |
| 21094 | Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | 13228679 |
| 28494 | Wisdomtree Emerging Markets EX-State-Owned Enterprises Fund | 1111836 |
|  |  | 60726400 |
|  | **FIXED INCOME - 38.9%** |  |
| 47286 | iShares BB Rated Corporate Bond ETF, USD Class | 2228589 |
| 70256 | iShares iBoxx $ Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF<sup>(a)</sup> | 7741509 |
| 35933 | State Street SPDR Bloomberg Investment Grade ETF<sup>(a)</sup> | 1104221 |
| 294557 | State Street SPDR Portfolio Short Term Corporate ETF | 8895621 |
| 129602 | VanEck J. P. Morgan EM Local Currency Bond ETF | 3346324 |
| 74032 | Vanguard Intermediate-Term Treasury ETF | 4436738 |
| 47166 | Vanguard Mortgage-Backed Securities ETF | 2220575 |
| 224816 | Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities ETF | 11119399 |
| 56790 | Vanguard Short-Term Treasury ETF | 3335277 |
| 22987 | Vanguard Total International Bond ETF | 1110732 |
| 60195 | Xtrackers USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF | 2216982 |
|  |  | 47755967 |
|  | **TOTAL EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS (Cost $91,324,637)** | 108482367 |

---

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS MANAGED RISK FLEX ETF PORTFOLIO** |
| **SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Shares** |  | **Fair Value** |
|  | **SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS — 12.9%** |  |
|  | **COLLATERAL FOR SECURITIES LOANED - 1.4%** |  |
| 1662690 | Federated Hermes Government Obligations Fund, Institutional Class, 3.62% (Cost $1,662,690)<sup>(b)</sup> | $1662690 |
|  | **MONEY MARKET FUNDS - 11.5%** |  |
| 14140786 | Invesco Government & Agency Portfolio, Institutional Class, 3.64% (Cost $14,140,786)<sup>(b)</sup> | 14140786 |
|  | **TOTAL SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (Cost $15,803,476)** | 15803476 |
|  | **TOTAL INVESTMENTS - 101.2% (Cost $107,128,113)** | $124285843 |
|  | **LIABILITIES IN EXCESS OF OTHER ASSETS - (1.2)%** | (1474962) |
|  | **NET ASSETS - 100.0%** | $122810881 |

---

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** | **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** | **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** | **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** | **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** | **OPEN FUTURES CONTRACTS** |
| **Number of**<br>**Contracts** | <br>**Open Long Futures Contracts** | <br>**Broker** | <br>**Expiration** |<br>**Notional Amount<sup>(c)</sup>** | **Value and Unrealized**<br>**Appreciation (Depreciation)** |
| 56 | CBOT 5 Year US Treasury Note | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 04/01/2026 | $6121063 | $(22312) |
| 4 | CME E-Mini Russell 2000 Index Futures | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 03/23/2026 | 499600 | (15070) |
| 8 | CME E-Mini Standard & Poor's 500 Index Futures | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 03/23/2026 | 2757000 | 1557 |
| 3 | CME E-Mini Standard & Poor's MidCap 400 Index Futures | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 03/23/2026 | 997560 | (15125) |
| 11 | ICE US Mini MSCI EAFE Index Futures | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 03/23/2026 | 1596155 | 4325 |
| 15 | ICE US MSCI Emerging Markets EM Index Futures | Bank of America Merrill Lynch | 03/23/2026 | 1058550 | 19220 |
|  | **TOTAL FUTURES CONTRACTS** |  |  |  | $(27405) |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| CBOT | - Chicago Board of Trade |
| CME | - Chicago Mercantile Exchange |
| ETF | - Exchange-Traded Fund |
| ICE | - Intercontinental Exchange |
| MSCI | - Morgan Stanley Capital International |
| REIT | - Real Estate Investment Trust |
| S&P | - Standard & Poor's |
| SPDR | - Standard & Poor's Depositary Receipt |

---

<sup>(a)</sup> All or a portion of this security is on loan. Total loaned securities had a value of $9,329,134 at December 31, 2025. The loaned securities were secured with cash collateral of $1,662,690 and non-cash collateral of $7,872,821. The non-cash collateral consists of short-term investments and long-term bonds and is held for benefit of the Portfolio at the Portfolio's custodian. The Portfolio cannot pledge or resell the collateral.

<sup>(b)</sup> Rate disclosed is the seven day effective yield as of December 31, 2025.

<sup>(c)</sup> The amounts shown are the underlying reference notional amounts to stock exchange indices and equities upon which the fair value of the futures contracts held by the Fund are based. Notional values do not represent the current fair value of, and are not necessarily indicative of the future cash flows of the Fund's futures contracts. Further, the underlying price changes in relation to the variables specified by the notional values affects the fair value of these derivative financial instruments. The notional values as set forth within this schedule do not purport to represent economic value at risk to the Fund.

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Statement of Assets and Liabilities** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Assets:** |  |
| Investments in securities, at cost | $107128113 |
| Investments in securities, at value (Securities on loan $9,329,134) | $124285843 |
| Deposits with Broker | 406422 |
| Interest and dividends receivable | 43934 |
| Receivable for Portfolio shares sold | 893 |
| **Total Assets** | 124737092 |
| **Liabilities:** |  |
| Collateral on securities loaned | 1662690 |
| Payable for Portfolio shares redeemed | 158222 |
| Accrued distribution (12b-1) fees | 47335 |
| Unrealized depreciation on futures contracts | 27405 |
| Accrued investment advisory fees | 24252 |
| Due to Custodian | 6307 |
| **Total Liabilities** | 1926211 |
| **Net Assets** | $122810881 |
| **Net Assets Consist Of:** |  |
| Paid-in capital | $100383268 |
| Accumulated earnings | 22427613 |
| **Net Assets** | $122810881 |
| Total shares of beneficial interest outstanding ($0 par value, unlimited shares authorized) | 9730220 |
| Net asset value, offering and redemption price per share (Net assets ÷ Total shares of beneficial interest outstanding) | $12.62 |

---

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Statement of Operations** |
| **For the Year Ended December 31, 2025** |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Investment Income:** |  |
| Dividend income | $3512409 |
| Interest income | 613856 |
| Securities lending income | 46557 |
| **Total Investment Income** | 4172822 |
| **Expenses:** |  |
| Investment advisory fees | 382613 |
| Distribution fees (12b-1) | 573921 |
| Related parties and administrative service fees | 130965 |
| Miscellaneous fees and expenses | 12754 |
| **Total Expenses** | 1100253 |
| **Net Investment Income** | 3072569 |
| **Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments and Futures Contracts:** |  |
| Net realized gain (loss) on: |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investments | 7084357 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Futures contracts | (3725309) |
| Total net realized gain | 3359048 |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation on: |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investments | 4387767 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Futures contracts | 233876 |
| Total unrealized appreciation | 4621643 |
| **Net Realized and Unrealized Gain on Investments and Futures Contracts** | 7980691 |
| **Net Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Operations** | $11053260 |

---

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Statements of Changes in Net Assets** |

---

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2025 | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2024 |
| **Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets:** |  |  |
| **From Operations:** |  |  |
| Net investment income | $3072569 | $3349328 |
| Net realized gain on investments and futures contracts | 3359048 | 7578196 |
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments and futures contracts | 4621643 | (2297072) |
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | 11053260 | 8630452 |
| **From Distributions to Shareholders:** |  |  |
| Total distributions paid | (10120553) | (5101449) |
| Total distributions to shareholders | (10120553) | (5101449) |
| **From Shares of Beneficial Interest:** |  |  |
| Proceeds from shares sold | 2568457 | 2805427 |
| Reinvestment of distributions | 10120552 | 5101449 |
| Cost of shares redeemed | (24877981) | (25644471) |
| Net decrease in net assets from share transactions of beneficial interest | (12188972) | (17737595) |
| **Total Decrease In Net Assets** | (11256265) | (14208592) |
| **Net Assets:** |  |  |
| Beginning of year | 134067146 | 148275738 |
| End of year | $122810881 | $134067146 |
| **SHARE ACTIVITY** |  |  |
| Shares sold | 201317 | 221795 |
| Shares reinvested | 813549 | 399174 |
| Shares redeemed | (1936780) | (2014065) |
| Net decrease in shares of beneficial interest outstanding | (921914) | (1393096) |

---

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Financial Highlights** |
| Selected data based on a share outstanding throughout each year indicated. |

---

---

| | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2025 | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2024 | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2023 | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2022 | Year Ended<br>December 31, 2021 |
| Net asset value, beginning of year | $12.59 | $12.31 | $11.51 | $13.28 | $12.31 |
| Income (loss) from investment operations: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Net investment income (a)(b) | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.16 |
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and futures contracts | 0.83 | 0.47 | 0.77 | (1.80) | 0.92 |
| Total income (loss) from investment operations | 1.14 | 0.77 | 1.05 | (1.61) | 1.08 |
| Less distributions from: |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net investment income | (0.37) | (0.33) | (0.20) | (0.16) | (0.11) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net realized gain | (0.74) | (0.16) | (0.05) |  |  |
| Total distributions | (1.11) | (0.49) | (0.25) | (0.16) | (0.11) |
| Net asset value, end of year | $12.62 | $12.59 | $12.31 | $11.51 | $13.28 |
| Total return (c) | 9.13% | 6.19% | 9.28% | (12.12)% | 8.79% |
| Ratios and Supplemental Data: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Net assets, end of year (in 000's) | $122811 | $134067 | $148276 | $142352 | $163573 |
| Ratio of expenses to average net assets (d) | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.86% |
| Ratio of net investment income to average net assets (b)(d) | 2.41% | 2.35% | 2.37% | 1.63% | 1.25% |
| Portfolio turnover rate | 7% | 14% | 20% | 17% | 11% |

---

(a) Net investment income has been calculated
 using the average shares method, which more appropriately presents the per share data for the year.

(b) Recognition of net investment income
 by the Portfolio is affected by the timing of the declaration of dividends by the underlying investment companies in which the Portfolio
 invests.

(c) Total returns are historical and assume
 changes in share price and reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, if any.

(d) Does not include the expenses of the
 underlying investment companies in which the Portfolio invests.

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

**1.** **ORGANIZATION** 

The TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio (the "Portfolio") is a diversified series of shares of beneficial interest of Northern Lights Variable Trust (the "Trust"), a statutory trust organized on November 2, 2005 under the laws of the State of Delaware and registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), as an open-end management investment company. The Portfolio is intended to be a funding vehicle for variable annuity contracts and flexible premium variable life insurance policies offered by the separate accounts of various insurance companies. The assets of the Portfolio are segregated and a shareholder's interest is limited to the Portfolio in which shares are held. The Portfolio pays its own expenses. The Portfolio seeks to provide income and capital appreciation with less volatility than the fixed income and equity markets as a whole. The Portfolio is "fund of funds", in that the Portfolio will generally invest in other investment companies. The Portfolio commenced operations on August 27, 2013.

**2.** **SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES** 

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Portfolio in the preparation of its financial statements. These policies are in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Portfolio is an investment company and accordingly follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946 "Financial Services – Investment Companies", including Accounting Standards Update 2013-08.

The Portfolio has adopted FASB ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting ("Topic 280") - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). Adoption of the standard impacted financial statement disclosures only and did not affect the Portfolio's financial position or the results of its operations. An operating segment is defined in Topic 280 as a component of a public entity that engages in business activities from which it may recognize revenues and incur expenses, has operating results that are regularly reviewed by the public entity's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and has discrete financial information available. The CODM is comprised of the portfolio managers and chief financial officer of the Portfolio. The Portfolio operates as a single operating segment. The Portfolio's income, expenses, assets, changes in net assets resulting from operations and performance are regularly monitored and assessed as a whole by the CODM responsible for oversight functions of the Portfolio, using the information presented in the financial statements and financial highlights.

**Securities Valuation –** Securities listed on an exchange are valued at the last reported sale price at the close of the regular trading session of the primary exchange on the business day the value is being determined, or in the case of securities listed on NASDAQ at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price ("NOCP"). In the absence of a sale, such securities shall be valued at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on the primary exchange on the day of valuation. Short-term debt obligations having 60 days or less remaining until maturity, at time of purchase, may be valued at amortized cost. Futures and future options are valued at the final settled price or, in the absence of a settled price, at the last sale price on the day of valuation.

**Valuation of Fund of Funds** – The Portfolio may invest in portfolios of open-end investment companies. Open-end investment companies are valued at their respective net asset values as reported by such investment companies. Open-end investment companies value securities in their portfolios for which market quotations are readily available at their market values (generally the last reported sale price) and all other securities and assets at their fair value based on the methods established by the boards of directors or trustees of the open-end investment companies.

The Portfolio may hold investments, such as private investments, interests in commodity pools, other non-traded securities or temporarily illiquid securities, for which market quotations are not readily available or are determined to be unreliable. These investments are valued using the "fair value" procedures approved by the Trust's Board of Trustees (the "Board"). The Board has designated the adviser as its valuation designee (the "Valuation Designee") to execute these procedures. The Board may also enlist third party consultants, such as a valuation specialist at a public accounting firm,

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

valuation consultant or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist the Valuation Designee in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board is responsible for reviewing and approving fair value methodologies utilized by the Valuation Designee, approval of which shall be based upon whether the Valuation Designee followed the valuation procedures established by the Board.

**Fair Valuation Process –** The applicable investments are valued by the Valuation Designee pursuant to valuation procedures established by the Board. For example, fair value determinations are required for the following securities: (i) securities for which market quotations are insufficient or not readily available on a particular business day (including securities for which there is a short and temporary lapse in the provision of a price by the regular pricing source); (ii) securities for which, in the judgment of the Valuation Designee, the prices or values available do not represent the fair value of the instrument; factors which may cause the Valuation Designee to make such a judgment include, but are not limited to, the following: only a bid price or an asked price is available; the spread between bid and asked prices is substantial; the frequency of sales; the thinness of the market; the size of reported trades; and actions of the securities markets, such as the suspension or limitation of trading; (iii) securities determined to be illiquid; and (iv) securities with respect to which an event that affects the value thereof has occurred (a "significant event") since the closing prices were established on the principal exchange on which they are traded, but prior to the Portfolio's calculation of its net asset value. Specifically, interests in commodity pools or managed futures pools are valued on a daily basis by reference to the closing market prices of each futures contract or other asset held by a pool, as adjusted for pool expenses. Restricted or illiquid securities, such as private investments or non-traded securities are valued based upon the current bid for the security from two or more independent dealers or other parties reasonably familiar with the facts and circumstances of the security (who should take into consideration all relevant factors as may be appropriate under the circumstances). If a current bid from such independent dealers or other independent parties is unavailable, the Valuation Designee shall determine the fair value of such security using the following factors: (i) the type of security; (ii) the cost at date of purchase; (iii) the size and nature of the Portfolio's holdings; (iv) the discount from market value of unrestricted securities of the same class at the time of purchase and subsequent thereto; (v) information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security; (vi) the nature and duration of restrictions on disposition of the security and the existence of any registration rights; (vii) how the yield of the security compares to similar securities of companies of similar or equal creditworthiness; (viii) the level of recent trades of similar or comparable securities; (ix) the liquidity characteristics of the security; (x) current market conditions; and (xi) the market value of any securities into which the security is convertible or exchangeable.

The Portfolio utilizes various methods to measure the fair value of all of its investments on a recurring basis. GAAP establishes a hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation methods. The three levels of input are:

**Level 1 –** Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the Portfolio has the ability to access.

**Level 2 –** Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These inputs may include quoted prices for the identical instrument in an inactive market, prices for similar instruments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, yield curves, default rates and similar data.

**Level 3 –** Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, to the extent relevant observable inputs are not available, representing the Portfolio's own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in valuing the asset or liability, and would be based on the best information available.

The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet established in the marketplace, the liquidity of markets, and other characteristics particular to the security. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.

The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls in its entirety, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. The following tables summarize the inputs used as of December 31, 2025 for the Portfolio's investments measured at fair value:

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** | **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** | **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** | **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** | **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| Assets\* | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
| Exchange-Traded Funds | $108482367 | $— | $— | $108482367 |
| Short-Term Investments | 15803476 |  |  | 15803476 |
| Futures Contracts | 25102 |  |  | 25102 |
| Total | $124310945 | $— | $— | $124310945 |
| Liabilities\* | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
| Futures Contracts | $52507 | $— | $— | $52507 |

---

The Portfolio did not hold any Level 2 or 3 securities for the year ended December 31, 2025.

\* Refer to the Schedule of Investments for security classifications.

**Security Transactions and Related Income –** Security transactions are accounted for on the trade date. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis. Discounts are accreted and premiums are amortized on securities purchased over the lives of the respective securities. Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Realized gains or losses from sales of securities are determined by comparing the identified cost of the security lot sold with the net sales proceeds.

**Dividends and Distributions to Shareholders –** Dividends from net investment income and distributions from net realized capital gains if any, are declared and paid annually. Dividends and distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-date and are determined in accordance with federal income tax regulations, which may differ from GAAP. These "book/tax" differences are considered either temporary (e.g., deferred losses, capital loss carryforwards) or permanent in nature. To the extent these differences are permanent in nature, such amounts are reclassified within the composition of net assets based on their federal tax-basis treatment; temporary differences do not require reclassification. These reclassifications have no effect on net assets, results from operations or net asset value per share of the Portfolio.

**Federal Income Tax –** It is the Portfolio's policy to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company by complying with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code that are applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute substantially all of its taxable income and net realized gains to shareholders. Therefore, no federal income tax provision is required.

The Portfolio will recognize the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is "more likely than not" to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. Management has analyzed the Portfolio's tax position and has concluded that no liability for unrecognized tax benefits should be recorded related to uncertain tax positions taken on returns filed for open tax years ended December 31, 2022 through December 31, 2024 or expected to be taken in the Portfolio's December 31, 2025 year-end tax return. The Portfolio identified its major tax jurisdictions as U.S. federal, Ohio and foreign jurisdictions where the Portfolio makes significant investments. The Portfolio is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next twelve months.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

**Futures Contracts –** The Portfolio is subject to equity price risk in the normal course of pursuing its investment objectives. The Portfolio may purchase or sell futures contracts to hedge against market risk and to reduce return volatility. During the period the futures contracts are open, changes in the value of the contracts are recognized as unrealized gains or losses by "marking to market" on a daily basis to reflect the market value of the contracts at the end of each day's trading. Variation margin payments are received or made depending upon whether unrealized gains or losses are incurred. When the contracts are closed, the Portfolio recognizes a realized gain or loss equal to the difference between the proceeds from, or cost of, the closing transaction and the Portfolio's basis in the contract. If the Portfolio were unable to liquidate a futures contract and/or enter into an offsetting closing transaction, the Portfolio would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the value of the contracts and continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contracts. Risks may exceed amounts recognized in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. With futures, there is minimal counterparty credit risk to the Portfolio since futures are exchange-traded and the exchange's clearinghouse, as counterparty to all exchange-traded futures, guarantees the futures against default.

The following is a summary of the location of derivative investments on the Portfolio's Statement of Asset and Liabilities as of December 31, 2025:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| <br>**Contract Type/Primary Risk Exposure** | **Statement of Assets and Liabilities**<br>**Location** | **Unrealized Appreciation**<br>**(Depreciation)** |
| Futures Contracts / Equity Risk | Unrealized depreciation on futures contracts | $(5093) |
| Futures Contract / Interest Risk | Unrealized depreciation on futures contracts | (22312) |
| Total |  | $(27405) |

---

The following is a summary of the location of derivative investments on the Portfolio's Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2025:

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| <br>**Derivative Investment Type** | <br>**Primary Risk Exposure** | <br>**Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivatives**<br>**recognized in income** | **Realized and Unrealized Gain**<br>**(Loss) on Derivatives**<br>**recognized in income** |
| Futures Contracts | Equity Risk | Net realized loss on futures contracts | $(3842246) |
| Futures Contracts | Interest Risk | Net realized loss on futures contracts | 116937 |
| Total |  |  | $(3725309) |
| Futures Contracts | Equity Risk | Net change in unrealized appreciation on futures contracts | $196282 |
| Futures Contracts | Interest Risk | Net change in unrealized appreciation on futures contracts | 37594 |
| Total |  |  | $233876 |

---

The notional value of the derivative instruments outstanding as of December 31, 2025, as disclosed in the Schedule of Investments and the amounts realized and changes in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments during the year as disclosed above and in the Statement of Operations serve as indicators of the volume of derivative activity for the Portfolio.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

**Exchange Traded Funds –** The Portfolio may invest in exchange traded funds ("ETFs"). An ETF is a type of open-end fund, however, unlike a mutual fund, its shares are bought and sold on a securities exchange at market price and only certain financial institutions called authorized participants may buy and redeem shares of the ETF at net asset value. ETF shares can trade at either a premium or discount to net asset value. Each ETF like a mutual fund is subject to specific risks depending on the type of strategy (actively managed or passively tracking an index) and the composition of its underlying holdings. Investing in an ETF involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the ETF's underlying holdings. ETFs pay fees and incur operating expenses, which reduce the total return earned by the ETFs from their underlying holdings. An ETF may not achieve its investment objective or execute its investment strategy effectively, which may adversely affect the Portfolio's performance.

**Expenses –** Expenses of the Trust that are directly identifiable to a specific Portfolio are charged to that Portfolio. Expenses, which are not readily identifiable to a specific Portfolio, are allocated in such a manner as deemed equitable, taking into consideration the nature and type of expense and the relative sizes of the Portfolios in the Trust.

**Indemnification –** The Trust indemnifies its officers and trustees for certain liabilities that may arise from the performance of their duties to the Trust. Additionally, in the normal course of business, the Portfolio enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties which provide general indemnities. The Portfolio's maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Portfolio that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience, the Portfolio expects the risk of loss due to these warranties and indemnities to be remote.

**Security Loans** – The Portfolio has entered into a securities lending arrangement with The Bank of New York Mellon (the "Borrower"). Under the terms of the agreement, the Portfolio is authorized to loan securities to the Borrower. In exchange, the Funds receive cash and securities as collateral in the amount of at least 102% of the value of the securities loaned. The cash collateral is invested in short-term instruments as noted in the Schedule of Investments. Securities received as collateral are U.S. government securities; securities received as collateral, if any, are not recognized as portfolios assets. Although risk is mitigated by the collateral, the Portfolio could experience a delay in recovering its securities and possible loss of income or value if the Borrower fails to return them.

Gain or loss in the fair value of securities loaned that may occur during the term of the loan will be for the account of the Portfolio. The Portfolio has the right under the securities lending agreement to recover the securities from the Borrower on demand. If the fair value of the collateral falls below 102% plus accrued interest of the loaned securities, the lender's agent shall request additional collateral from the Borrower to bring the collateralization back to 102%. Under the terms of the securities lending agreement, the Portfolio is indemnified for such losses by the security lending agreement. Should the Borrower fail financially, the Portfolio has the right to repurchase the securities using the collateral in the open market.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

The following table is a summary of the Portfolio's securities loaned and related collateral which are subject to a netting agreement as of December 31, 2025:

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  |  |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Assets & | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Assets & | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Assets & |
|  |  |  |  | Liabilities \* | Liabilities \* | Liabilities \* |
|  |  |  | **Net Amounts** |  |  |  |
|  |  | **Gross Amounts** | **of Assets** |  |  |  |
|  |  | **Offset in the** | **Presented in** |  |  |  |
|  | **Gross Amounts** | **Statements of** | **the Statements** | **Financial** |  |  |
|  | **of Recognized** | **Assets &** | **of Assets &** | **Instruments** | **Cash Collateral** | **Net Amount of** |
| **<u>Assets:</u>** | **Assets** | **Liabilities** | **Liabilities** | **Received** | **Received** | **Assets** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Description: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Securities Loaned | $9329134 | $— | $9329134 | $7872821 | $1456313 | $— |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total | $9329134 | $— | $9329134 | $7872821 | $1456313 | $— |

---

\* The amount is limited to the securities loaned asset balance and accordingly, does not include excess collateral pledged.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **<u>Securities Lending Transactions</u>** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Overnight and Continuous** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Federated Hermes Government Obligations Fund, Institutional Class | $1662690 |

---

The fair value of the securities loaned for the Portfolio totaled $9,329,134 at December 31, 2025. The securities loaned are noted in the Schedule of Investments. The fair value of the "collateral for securities loaned" on the Schedule of Investments includes only cash collateral received and reinvested that totaled $1,662,690 for the Portfolio as of December 31, 2025. This amount is offset by a liability recorded as "Collateral on securities loaned." At December 31, 2025, the Portfolio received non-cash collateral of $7,872,821. The non-cash collateral consists of short-term investments and long-term bonds and is held for benefit of the Portfolio at the Portfolio's custodian. The Portfolio cannot pledge or resell the collateral.

**3.** **INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS** 

For the year ended December 31, 2025, cost of purchases and proceeds from sales of portfolio securities, other than short-term investments and government securities, amounted to $7,845,756 and $29,049,548, respectively.

**4.** **INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT AND TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES** 

ValMark Advisers, Inc. serves as the Portfolio's investment advisor (the "Advisor"). The Advisor has engaged Milliman Financial Risk Management, LLC as the Portfolio's sub-advisor (the "Sub-Advisor"). Pursuant to an advisory agreement with the Trust, the Advisor, on behalf of the Portfolio, under the oversight of the Board, directs the daily investment operations of the Portfolio and supervises the performance of administrative and professional services provided by others. As compensation for its services and the related expenses borne by the Advisor, the Portfolio pays the Advisor a management fee, computed on average daily net assets and accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate of 0.30% of the Portfolio's average daily net assets. Pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement, the Advisor pays the Sub-Advisor a fee, which is computed and accrued daily and paid monthly. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Advisor earned $382,613 in advisory fees.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

The Board has adopted, on behalf of the Portfolio, a Distribution Plan (the "Plan") pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The fee is calculated at an annual rate of 0.45% of the average daily net assets attributable to the Portfolio's shares, and is paid to Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "Distributor") to provide compensation for ongoing shareholder servicing and distribution related activities and/or maintenance of the Portfolio's shareholder accounts, not otherwise required to be provided by the Advisor. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Portfolio paid $573,921 in distribution fees under the Plan.

In addition, certain affiliates of the Distributor provide services to the Portfolio as follows:

Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC ("UFS"), an affiliate of the Distributor, provides administration, fund accounting, and transfer agent services to the Trust. Pursuant to the terms of an administrative servicing agreement with UFS, the Portfolio pays UFS a monthly fee for all operating expenses of the Portfolio, which is calculated by the Portfolio on its average daily net assets. Operating expenses include but are not limited to Fund Accounting, Fund Administration, Transfer Agency, Legal Fees, Audit Fees, Compliance Services, Shareholder Reporting Expenses, Trustees Fees and Custody Fees.

For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Trustees received fees in the amount of $21,493 on behalf of the Portfolio.

The approved entities may be affiliates of UFS and the Distributor. Certain officers of the Trust are also officers of UFS and are not paid any fees directly by the Portfolio for serving in such capacities.

Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC ("NLCS"), an affiliate of UFS and the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust, as well as related compliance services, pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust. Under the terms of such agreement, NLCS receives customary fees from UFS under the administrative servicing agreement.

Blu Giant, LLC ("Blu Giant"), an affiliate of UFS and the Distributor, provides EDGAR conversion and filing services as well as print management services for the Portfolio on an ad-hoc basis. For the provision of these services, BluGiant receives customary fees from UFS under the administrative servicing agreement.

**5.** **CONTROL OWNERSHIP** 

The beneficial ownership, either directly or indirectly, of more than 25% of the voting securities of the Portfolio creates presumption of the control of the Portfolio, under Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2025, Minnesota Life Insurance Company held 100% of the voting securities of the Portfolio. The Trust has no knowledge as to whether all or any portion of the shares owned of record are also owned beneficially.

**6.** **DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS AND TAX COMPONENTS OF CAPITAL** 

The table below represents aggregate cost for federal tax purposes for the Portfolio as of December 31, 2025 and differs from market value by net unrealized appreciation/depreciation which consisted of:

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Cost for**<br>**Federal Tax**<br>**Purposes** |<br>**Unrealized**<br>**Appreciation** |<br>**Unrealized**<br>**Depreciation** | **Tax Net**<br>**Unrealized**<br>**Appreciation** |
| $108120080 | $18619288 | $(2453525) | $16165763 |

---

The tax character of the Portfolio's distribution paid for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Fiscal Year Ended**<br>**December 31, 2025** | **Fiscal Year Ended**<br>**December 31, 2024** |
| Ordinary Income | $3349670 | $3433267 |
| Long-Term Capital Gain | 6770883 | 1668182 |
|  | $10120553 | $5101449 |

---

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Notes to Financial Statements (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

As of December 31, 2025, the components of accumulated earnings/(deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| **Undistributed**<br>**Ordinary**<br>**Income** | **Undistributed**<br>**Long-Term**<br>**Gains** | **Post October Loss**<br>**and**<br>**Late Year Loss** | **Capital Loss**<br>**Carry**<br>**Forwards** | **Other**<br>**Book/Tax**<br>**Differences** | **Unrealized**<br>**Appreciation/**<br>**(Depreciation)** | **Total**<br>**Accumulated**<br>**Earnings/(Deficits)** |
| $3071847 | $3190003 | $— | $— | $— | $16165763 | $22427613 |

---

The difference between book basis and tax basis accumulated net realized gains/losses, and unrealized appreciation/depreciation from investments is primarily attributable to the tax deferral of losses on wash sales and the mark-to-market treatment of Section 1256 futures contracts.

**7.** **PRONOUNCEMENTS** 

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 ("ASU 2023-09"), Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which amends quantitative and qualitative income tax disclosure requirements in order to increase disclosure consistency, bifurcate income tax information by jurisdiction and remove information that is no longer beneficial. The Portfolios has adopted ASU 2023-09 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and concluded that the application of this guidance did not have an impact on its financial statements.

**8.** **SUBSEQUENT EVENTS** 

Subsequent events after the date of the Statement of Assets and Liabilities have been evaluated through the date the financial statements were issued. Management has determined that no events or transactions occurred requiring adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

**REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM**

To the Board of Trustees of the Northern Lights Variable Trust and Shareholders of TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio

**Opinion on the Financial Statements and Financial Highlights**

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of TOPS Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio (the "Portfolio"), one of the portfolios constituting the Northern Lights Variable Trust (the "Trust"), including the schedule of investments, as of December 31, 2025, the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, and the related notes. In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Portfolio as of December 31, 2025, and the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

**Basis for Opinion**

These financial statements and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Portfolio's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Portfolio's financial statements and financial highlights based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Portfolio in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Portfolio is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Portfolio's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements and financial highlights, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and financial highlights. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and financial highlights. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2025, by correspondence with the custodian and brokers; when replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing procedures. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

![(SIGNATURE)](to002_v1.jpg)

Costa Mesa, California

February 20, 2026

We have served as the auditor of one or more TOPS Portfolios investment companies since 2019.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Supplemental Information (Unaudited)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

**FOREIGN TAX CREDIT**

The Portfolio intends to elect to pass through to shareholders the income tax credit for taxes paid to foreign countries. Foreign source income and foreign tax expense per outstanding share as of fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, were as follows:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Fiscal Year Ended**<br>**December 31, 2025** | **Fiscal Year Ended**<br>**December 31, 2024** |
| Foreign Taxes Paid | $0.0063 | $0.0050 |
| Foreign Source Income | 0.0672 | 0.0725 |

---

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Additional Information (Unaudited)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

**Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants**

There were no changes in or disagreements with accountants during the period covered by this report.

**Proxy Disclosures**

Not Applicable.

**Remuneration Paid to Directors, Officers and Others**

Refer to the financial statements included herein.

**Statement Regarding Basis for Approval of Investment Advisory Agreement**

ValMark Advisers, Inc. - Adviser to the following:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Aggressive Growth ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio ("TOPS |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Aggressive"), | Risk Balanced"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Balanced ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Balanced"), | ("TOPS Risk Flex"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Conservative ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Conservative"), | ("TOPS Risk Growth"), and |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Growth ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Growth"), and | Portfolio, ("TOPS Risk Moderate"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio | (collectively "TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios" or |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Moderate") | "TOPS Portfolio")\* |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;(collectively "TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios" or |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;"TOPS Portfolio")\* |  |

---

In connection with the regular meeting held on November 11-12, 2025 of the Board of Trustees (the "Trustees" or the "Board") of the Northern Lights Variable Trust (the "Trust"), including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons," as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, discussed the renewal of an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement") between ValMark Advisers, Inc (the "Adviser") and the Trust, with respect to each TOPS Portfolio (individually the "Fund"). In considering the renewal of the Advisory Agreement, the Board received materials specifically relating to the Advisory Agreement.

The Trustees were assisted by independent legal counsel throughout the Advisory Agreement review process. The Trustees relied upon the advice of independent legal counsel and their own business judgment in determining the material factors to be considered in evaluating the Advisory Agreement and the weight to be given to each such factor. The conclusions reached by the Trustees were based on a comprehensive evaluation of all of the information provided and were not the result of any one factor. Moreover, each Trustee may have afforded different weight to the various factors in reaching his conclusions with respect to the Advisory Agreement.

*Nature, Extent and Quality of Service.* The Board noted that the Adviser was established in 1997 and managed over $9.4 billion in assets. The Board stated that the Adviser provided fee-based portfolio management, financial planning, consulting, risk management services, and created and managed ETF portfolio programs. The Board examined the background information of the key investment professionals servicing the TOPS Portfolios taking into consideration their diverse financial industry experience and education and noted there were no material personnel changes. The Board remarked that the Adviser constructed portfolios that were diversified across many asset classes using proprietary technology which analyzed historical performance, correlations and risks as measured by return volatility of the selected assets. The Board recognized that the Adviser set the asset allocation, selected the appropriate ETFs, performed deep analysis and monitoring of the underlying investments, oversaw the sub-adviser's trading of the TOPS Portfolios, and monitored and instructed rebalancing of the TOPS Portfolios back to the relevant target asset allocation when percentages diverged. They considered that the Adviser's cybersecurity committee ensured cyber policies, procedures, and protocols were

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Additional Information (Unaudited) (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

evaluated, up to date, and recounted no cybersecurity incidents over the past year. The Board reflected that the Adviser assigned trading execution to the sub-adviser but employed a best execution committee to evaluate executing brokers and supervise execution. The Board also recognized that the Adviser had committed staff and technology resources to assist the programs and the TOPS Portfolios' compliance requirements. The Board noted that the Adviser reported no material compliance or litigation issues since the previous Advisory Agreement approval. The Board concluded that the Adviser continued to provide a high level of service to the TOPS Portfolios and each of their respective shareholders.

*Performance.*

<u>TOPS Aggressive</u>. The Board observed the Fund's objective of providing capital appreciation. The Board noted that the Fund underperformed its benchmark for all periods, but recognized that the underperformance was the result of the Fund's wide diversification in value, international, small cap and mid cap stock. The Board remarked that the Fund was in the second quartile in its Morningstar category for the one-year period. The Board concluded that the Fund's performance was consistent with the strategies disclosed in its prospectus.

<u>TOPS Balanced</u>. The Board examined the Fund's objective, noting that the Fund provided income and capital appreciation. The Board recognized that the Fund underperformed the peer group median, Morningstar category median and benchmark for the one-, three- and five-year periods. They noted that the Fund performance was in the second quartile for its Morningstar category median for the since inception and ten-year periods. The Board noted that the Adviser attributed underperformance to the Fund's overweighting in equity, international and value stocks. The Board concurred that the Fund's performance was consistent with the strategies disclosed in its prospectus.

<u>TOPS Conservative</u>. The Board reviewed the Fund's objectives of preservation of capital and moderate income and moderate capital appreciation. The Board stated that the Fund outperformed its Morningstar category and peer group median for the one-, three-, five- and ten-year periods while it underperformed its benchmark. The Board concluded that the Fund was achieving its objective, and that the Adviser was applying the strategy as anticipated.

<u>TOPS Growth</u>. The Board remarked the Fund's objective was to seek capital appreciation and noted that the Fund received a three-star Morningstar rating. The Board acknowledged that the Fund underperformed against its benchmark, Morningstar category median and peer group median for the one-year period, and that it outperformed its peer group median and Morningstar category median for the three, five, ten and since inception periods while underperforming its benchmark over the same periods. The Board agreed that the Fund achieved its investment objective as designed and disclosed in its prospectus.

<u>TOPS Moderate.</u> The Board noted the Fund's objective sought capital appreciation and the Fund received a three-star Morningstar rating. They observed that the Fund underperformed its benchmark, Morningstar category and peer group medians for the one-year period. They recognized that the Fund underperformed its benchmark and outperformed its Morningstar category and peer group medians for the since inception, three-, five- and ten-year periods. The Board agreed that the Fund was achieving its stated investment objective, and that the Adviser was executing the strategy as expected.

<u>TOPS Risk Balanced</u>. The Board evaluated the Fund's objective and noted that it sought income and capital appreciation with less volatility than the fixed and equity markets as a whole and received a three-star Morningstar rating. The Board stated that the Fund underperformed its benchmark, peer group and Morningstar category median for the since inception, one-, three- and five-year periods. The Board observed that the Fund outperformed the peer group median for the ten-year period. They also noted the effect of the Fund's hedging strategy on performance, which lowered returns but also lowered volatility and placed the Fund's standard deviation in the top quartile for the three-, five- and ten-year periods. The Board concluded that the Fund executed its investment strategy as designed and disclosed in its prospectus.

<u>TOPS Risk Flex</u>. The Board reviewed the Fund's objective and noted that the Fund sought income and capital appreciation with less volatility than fixed income and equity markets as a whole. The Board considered the Fund's performance and acknowledged that the Fund underperformed its Morningstar category, benchmark and peer group for the since inception, one-, three- and ten-year periods. They further recognized that the Fund underperformed its benchmark but outperformed its peer group median for the five-year period. They acknowledged the Adviser's assertion that factors impacting the Fund's performance included its higher international weighting and a lower weighting to growth equities. The Board agreed that the Fund's managed risk strategy continued to provide benefits to the Fund's shareholders.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Additional Information (Unaudited) (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

<u>TOPS Risk Growth</u>. The Board examined the Fund's objective, observing that the Fund seeks to provide capital appreciation with less volatility than equity markets. Board considered the Fund's performance, stating that it underperformed its Morningstar category, peer group and benchmark index for all time periods. The Board noted that the hedge did reduce volatility as seen in the standard deviation, which was in the second quartile relative to its peer group and category for the since inception, three- and five-year periods. However, they also noted that the hedge reduced the performance in up markets and down markets returns did not make up for the reduced performance in up markets. They considered the Fund's Sharpe and Sortino ratios. The Board concluded that the Fund executed its investment strategy as disclosed in its prospectus.

<u>TOPS Risk ETF</u>. The Board noted the Fund's objective and stated that the Fund seeks to provide capital appreciation with lower volatility than equity markets. They further noted that the Fund received a three-star Morningstar rating. The Board reviewed the performance of the Fund, noting that the Fund underperformed all comparison groups for all periods. The Board acknowledged that the Sharpe and Sortino ratios for the periods evidenced the performance drag associated with the hedge overlay. The Board agreed that the Fund was performing as expected according to its prospectus.

*Fees and Expenses.*

<u>TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios</u>. The Board evaluated the advisory fee charged to each of the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios, observing that the Adviser charged 0.10% for advisory services to each Fund.

<u>TOPS Aggressive</u>. The Board considered that the fee was below the category average of 0.15%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

<u>TOPS Balanced</u>. The Board considered that the fee was below the category average of 0.19%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

<u>TOPS Conservative</u>. The Board considered that the fee was below the category average of 0.29%, and well below the category high of 1.05%.

<u>TOPS Growth</u>. The Board considered that the fee was below the category average of 0.15%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

<u>TOPS Moderate.</u> The Board considered that the fee was below the category average of 0.19%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

The Board reviewed the net expense ratio of each TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolio compared to its Morningstar category and peer group and noted that each Fund's net expense ratio was consistently lower than the comparable groups. The Board agreed that the advisory fee paid by each of the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios was not unreasonable given the services provided and the cost of the limited sub-advisory services.

<u>TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios</u>. The Board assessed the advisory fee charged to each of the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios, noting that the Adviser charged 0.30% for the advisory services rendered to each Fund.

<u>TOPS Risk Balanced</u>. The Board considered that the fee was above the category average of 0.17%, and was equal to the category high of 0.30%.

<u>TOPS Risk Flex</u>. The Board considered that the fee was above the category average of 0.21%, and was equal to the category high of 0.30%.

<u>TOPS Risk Growth</u>. The Board considered that the fee was above the category average of 0.19%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

<u>TOPS Risk ETF</u>. The Board considered that the fee was above the category average of 0.19%, and well below the category high of 0.45%.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Additional Information (Unaudited) (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

The Board evaluated the net expense ratio of each TOPS Risk Managed Portfolio to its Morningstar category and peer group, noting that each Fund generally had a higher average and median net expense ratio. The Board agreed that the advisory fee paid by each of the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios was not unreasonable given the services provided and the risk managed component of the strategies and the cost of the sub-advisory services.

*Profitability.*

<u>TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios</u>. The Board evaluated the profitability analysis provided by the Adviser associated with the services provided to each Fund. They observed that the Adviser estimated that it earned a modest profit in connection with its relationship with most Funds, but experienced a small loss with respect to TOPS Conservative. After further consideration, the Board agreed that excessive profitability was not a concern at this time for any TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolio.

<u>TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios</u>. The Board examined the profitability analysis provided by the Adviser regarding the services provided to each Fund. They observed that the Adviser estimated that it earned a modest profit in connection with its relationship with most Funds, but experienced a small loss with respect to TOPS Risk Balanced. The Board agreed that the Adviser was not realizing an excessive profit from the advisory services provided to any of the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios.

*Economies of Scale.* The Board contemplated whether economies of scale had been realized in connection with the Adviser's advisory services afforded to each of the TOPS Portfolios. The Board recognized that the Adviser did not foretell any capacity limitations and that they would continue to monitor for opportunities to implement breakpoints as each Fund's size increased. The Board agreed that based on each Fund's current asset size, the absence of breakpoints was acceptable at this time.

*Conclusion.* The Board requested and received such information from the Adviser as believed to be reasonably necessary to assess the terms of the Advisory Agreement, and as aided by the advice of independent counsel, the Board concluded that each advisory fee paid by each of the TOPS Portfolios to the Adviser was not unreasonable, and that renewal of the Advisory Agreement was in the best interests of the shareholders of each Fund.

\* Due to the timing of the contract renewal schedule, these deliberations may or may not relate to the current performance results of the TOPS Portfolio.

Milliman Financial Risk Management, LLC - Sub-Adviser to the following:

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Aggressive Growth ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio ("TOPS Risk |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Aggressive"), | Balanced"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Balanced ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Balanced"), | ("TOPS Risk Flex"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Conservative ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Conservative"), | ("TOPS Risk Growth"), and |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Growth ETF Portfolio | TOPS® Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio, |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Growth"), and | ("TOPS Risk Moderate"), |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;TOPS® Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio | (collectively "TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios" or "TOPS |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;("TOPS Moderate") | Portfolio")\* |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;(collectively "TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios" or |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;"TOPS Portfolio")\* |  |

---

In connection with the regular meeting held on November 11-12, 2025 of the Board of Trustees (the "Trustees" or the "Board") of the Northern Lights Variable Trust (the "Trust"), including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons," as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, discussed the renewal of a sub-advisory agreement (the "Sub-Advisory Agreement") between Milliman Financial Risk Management (the "Sub-Adviser") and ValMark Advisers, Inc. ("Adviser"), with respect to each TOPS Portfolio. In considering the renewal of the Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Board received materials specifically relating to the Sub-Advisory Agreement.

---

| |
|:---|
| **TOPS<sup>®</sup> Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio** |
| **Additional Information (Unaudited) (Continued)** |
| **December 31, 2025** |

---

The Trustees were assisted by independent legal counsel throughout the Sub-Advisory Agreement review process. The Board relied upon the advice of independent legal counsel and their own business judgment in determining the material factors to be considered in evaluating the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the weight to be given to each such factor. The conclusions reached by the Trustees were based on a comprehensive evaluation of all of the information provided and were not the result of any one factor. Moreover, each Trustee may have afforded different weight to the various factors in reaching his conclusions with respect to the Sub-Advisory Agreement.

*Nature, Extent and Quality of Service.* The Board observed that that Sub-Adviser was founded in 1998 and serviced approximately $185 billion in assets for the insurance industry and self-insured organizations. The Board evaluated the background information of the key personnel responsible for servicing the TOPS Portfolios, taking into consideration their education and experience related to trading, risk management, portfolio management, quantitative finance, technology and actuarial services. The Board noted that the Sub-Adviser provided non-discretionary trading services to execute trades for the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios. They also observed that the Sub-Adviser supplied research and analysis, and compliance services to implement the managed risk strategy and executed trades to hedge the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios. The Board noted that the Sub-Adviser established the trading thresholds in accordance with each portfolio's investment limitations and other limitations as directed by the Adviser into their trading and compliance systems supplying post-trade compliance reporting for substantiation. The Board further noted the Sub-Adviser had completed an SEC exam in January 2025, which resulted in no finding and that the Sub-Adviser reported no compliance or litigation issues since the last renewal of the Sub-Advisory Agreement. The Board agreed that the Sub-Adviser was anticipated to continue providing a high level of quality service to the TOPS Portfolios, Adviser, and shareholders.

*Performance.* The Board reviewed the performance of the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios, particularly noticing the impact of the Sub-Adviser's hedging strategy. They noted that the Sub-Adviser's hedging strategy was intended to decrease the impact of volatility on each of the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios, even if this adversely impacted performance. The Board acknowledged that the Sub-Adviser's hedging strategy was designed to function optimally during sustained market declines and would underperform during intervals of market growth. They observed that the Sub-Adviser's hedging strategy appeared to be operating as expected. With regard to the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios, they recognized that the Sub-Adviser's execution services had little impact on performance.

*Fees and Expenses.* The Board assessed the fee arrangement between the Adviser and Sub-Adviser with regard to the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios and the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios. They remarked that the Sub-Adviser received a modest fixed fee for the execution services provided to the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios. They reviewed the fee split between the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser with respect to the TOPS Managed Risk Portfolios, stating that the Sub-Adviser received a fee equal to 0.20% of each TOPS Managed Risk Portfolio's average daily net assets, paid from the Adviser's fees. They contemplated the fees the Sub-Adviser charged for the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios relative to other accounts managed by the Sub-Adviser. After further dialogue, the Board agreed that the sub-advisory fee paid by each respective TOPS Portfolio was not unreasonable.

*Profitability.* The Board evaluated the profitability analysis provided by the Sub-Adviser with regard to each of the TOPS Portfolios. They observed that the Sub-Adviser attained profits in terms of actual dollars and percentage of revenue in connection with its relationship with the TOPS Portfolios. The Board agreed that excessive profitability on a fund-by-fund basis and on an aggregate basis was not a concern at this time.

*Economies of Scale.* The Board contemplated whether economies of scale had been achieved by the Sub-Adviser with regard to the management of the TOPS Portfolios. The Board established that, with respect to the execution services provided to the TOPS Non-Risk Managed Portfolios, the fees were modest because the scope of services was limited. With regard to the TOPS Risk Managed Portfolios, the Board agreed that the current fee levels appeared to reflect the sharing of Sub-Adviser efficiencies with the Adviser, which permitted the Adviser to maintain its fees at reasonable levels.

*Conclusion*. The Board recognized the Sub-Adviser's reputation as a global leader in financial risk management, in addition to the highly technical organization and skillset that supports their operation. They contemplated the adviser's belief that the Sub-Adviser provided high quality services, deemed them as a valued partner and recommended retention. The Board requested and received such information from the Sub-Adviser as believed to be reasonably necessary to assess the terms of the Sub-Advisory Agreement, and as aided by the advice of independent counsel, the Board concluded that renewal of the Sub-Advisory Agreement was in the best interests of the shareholders of each of the TOPS Portfolios.

**Item 8. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants for Open-End Management Investment Companies.**

Not applicable

**Item 9. Proxy Disclosures for Open-End Management Investment Companies.**

Not applicable

**Item 10. Remuneration Paid to Directors, Officers, and Others of Open-End Management Investment Companies.**

Included under Item 7

**Item 11. Statement Regarding Basis for Approval of Investment Advisory Contract.**

Included under Item 7

**Item 12. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.**

Not applicable

**Item 13. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment Companies.**

Not applicable

**Item 14. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Company and Affiliated Purchasers.**

Not applicable

**Item 15. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.**

None

**Item 16. Controls and Procedures**

(a) The registrant's Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Act) are effective in design and operation and are sufficient to form the basis of the certifications required by Rule 30a-(2) under the Act, based on their evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of this report on Form N-CSR.

(b) There were no changes in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Act) during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

**Item 17. Disclosure of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.**

Not applicable

**Item 18. Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation.**

(a) Not applicable

(b) Not applicable

**Item 19. Exhibits.**

(a)(1) [Code of Ethics herewith](coe.htm).

(a)(2) Not applicable

(a)(3) A separate certification for each principal executive officer and principal financial officer of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a-2(a)): [Attached hereto](ex99-cert.htm)

(a)(4) Not applicable

(b) Certifications required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a-2(b)): [Attached hereto](ex99-906cert.htm)

**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant) Northern
 Lights Variable Fund Trust

By (Signature and Title)

---

| |
|:---|
| /s/ Kevin E. Wolf |
| Kevin E. Wolf, Principal Executive Officer/President |

---

Date <u>2/28/2026</u>

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

By (Signature and Title)

---

| |
|:---|
| /s/ Kevin E. Wolf |
| Kevin E. Wolf, Principal Executive Officer/President |

---

Date <u>2/28/2026</u>

By (Signature and Title)

---

| |
|:---|
| /s/ Kevin E. Wolf |
| Kevin E. Wolf, Principal Financial Officer/Treasurer |

---

Date <u>2/28/2026</u>

## Ex-99.Cert

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Kevin E. Wolf, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of TOPS® Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio (a series of Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust).

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this report based on such evaluation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| Date: | 2/28/2026 | /s/ Kevin E. Wolf |
|  |  | Kevin E. Wolf |
|  |  | Principal Executive Officer/President |

---

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Jim Colantino, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of TOPS® Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio (a series of Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust).

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this report based on such evaluation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| Date: | 2/28/2026 | /s/ Jim Colantino |
|  |  | Jim Colantino |
|  |  | Principal Financial Officer/Treasurer |

---

## Exhibit 99.906

**CERTIFICATION**

Kevin E. Wolf, Principal Executive Officer/President, and Jim Colantino, Principal Financial Officer/Treasurer of Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust (the "Registrant"), each certify to the best of his knowledge that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. The Registrant's periodic report on Form N-CSR for the period ended December 31, 2025, (the "Form N-CSR") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. The information contained in the Form N-CSR fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Principal Executive Officer/President | Principal Executive Officer/President | Principal Financial Officer/Treasurer | Principal Financial Officer/Treasurer |
| Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust | Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust | Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust | Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust |
| /s/ Kevin E. Wolf | /s/ Kevin E. Wolf | /s/ Jim Colantino | /s/ Jim Colantino |
| Kevin E. Wolf | Kevin E. Wolf | Jim Colantino | Jim Colantino |
| Date: | 2/28/2026 | Date: | 2/28/2026 |

---

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust and will be retained by Northern Lights Variable Fund Trust and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") or its staff upon request.

This certification is being furnished to the Commission solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Form N-CSR filed with the Commission.

## Ex-99.Code

**<u>Northern Lights Fund Trust and the Northern Lights Variable Trust</u>**

 **CODE OF ETHICS**

February 19, 2007

Northern Lights Fund Trust and the Northern Lights Variable Trust (the "Trusts") and each of its series (the "Funds") has adopted this Code of Ethics (the "Code") in order to set forth guidelines and procedures that promote ethical practices and conduct by all of its Access Persons and to ensure that all Access Persons comply with the federal securities laws. Although this Code contains a number of specific standards and policies, there are four key principles embodied throughout the Code.

**THE INTERESTS OF THE FUNDS MUST ALWAYS BE PARAMOUNT**

Access Persons have a legal, fiduciary duty to place the interests of the Funds ahead of their own. In any decision relating to their personal investments, Access Persons must scrupulously avoid serving their own interests ahead of those of Trusts.

**Access Persons may not take advantage of their relationship with the Funds**

Access Persons should avoid any situation (unusual investment opportunities, perquisites and accepting gifts of more than token value from persons seeking to do business with the Funds) that might compromise, or call into question, the exercise of their fully independent judgment in the interests of the Funds.

**All Personal Securities Transactions should avoid any actual, potential, or apparent conflicts of interest**

Although all Personal Securities Transactions by Access Persons must be conducted in a manner consistent with this Code, the Code itself is based on the premise that Access Persons owe a fiduciary duty to the Funds, and should avoid any activity that creates an actual, potential, or apparent conflict of interest. This includes executing transactions through or for the benefit of a third party when the transaction is not in keeping with the general principles of this Code.

Access Persons must adhere to these general principles as well as comply with the specific provisions of this Code. Technical compliance with the Code and its procedures will not automatically prevent scrutiny of trades that show a pattern of abuse of an individual's fiduciary duty to the Funds.

**Access Persons must comply with all applicable laws**

In both work-related and personal activities, Access Persons must comply with all applicable laws, including the federal securities laws.

**Any violations of this Code should be reported promptly to the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee. Failure to do so will be deemed a violation of the Code.**

***DEFINITIONS***

**"Access Person"** shall have the same meaning as set forth in Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and shall include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. all officers and trustees (or persons occupying a similar status or performing a similar function) of the Funds;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. all officers and trustees (or persons occupying a similar status or performing a similar function) of the Advisers with respect to its corresponding series of the Trusts

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. any employee of the Trusts or the Advisers (or of any company controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Trusts or the Advisers) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Funds, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to the purchase or sale; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. any other natural person controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Trusts or the Advisers who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Funds with regard to the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Funds.

**"Beneficial Ownership"** means in general and subject to the specific provisions of Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, having or sharing, directly or indirectly, through any contract arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise, a direct or indirect "pecuniary interest" in the security.

**"Chief Compliance Officer"** means the Code of Ethics Compliance Officer of the Trusts with respect to Trustees and officers of the Trusts, or the CCO of the Advisers with respect to Advisers personnel.

**"Code"** means this Code of Ethics.

**"Covered Security"** means any Security, except (i) direct obligations of the U.S. Government, (ii) bankers' acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements, and (iii) shares issued by open-end mutual Funds.

"**Decision Making Access Person"** means any Access Person who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of a security by the Funds, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales. Decision Makers typically are Advisers personnel.

**"Funds"** means series of the Trusts.

**"Immediate family"** means an individual's spouse, child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, siblings, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law and should include adoptive relationships. For purposes of determining whether an Access Person has an "indirect pecuniary interest" in securities, only ownership by "immediate family" members sharing the same household as the Access Person will be presumed to be an "indirect pecuniary interest" of the Access Person, absent special circumstances.

**"Independent Trustees"** means those Trustees of the Trusts that would not be deemed an "interested person" of the Trusts, as defined in Section 2(a)(19)(A) of the 1940 Act.

**"Indirect Pecuniary Interest"** includes, but is not limited to: (a) securities held by members of the person's Immediate Family sharing the same household (which ownership interest may be rebutted); (b) a general partner's proportionate interest in Fund securities held by a general or limited partnership; (c) a person's right to dividends that is separated or separable from the underlying securities (otherwise, a right to dividends alone will not constitute a pecuniary interest in securities); (d) a person's interest in securities held by a Trusts; (e) a person's right to acquire securities through the exercise or conversion of any derivative security, whether or not presently exercisable; and (f) a performance-related fee, other than an asset based fee, received by any broker, dealer, bank, insurance company, investment company, investment manager, Trustee, or person or entity performing a similar function, with certain exceptions.

**"Pecuniary Interest"** means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in securities.

**"Personal Securities Transaction"** means any transaction in a Covered Security in which an Access Person has a direct or indirect Pecuniary Interest.

**"Purchase or Sale of a Security"** includes the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Security. A Security shall be deemed "being considered for Purchase or Sale" for the Trusts when a recommendation to purchase or sell has been made and communicated by a Decision Making Access Person, and, with respect to the person making the recommendation, when such person seriously considers making such a recommendation. These recommendations are placed on the "Restricted List" until they are no longer being considered for Purchase or Sale, or until the Security has been purchased or sold.

**"Restricted List"** means the list of securities maintained by the Chief Compliance Officer in which trading by Access Persons is generally prohibited.

**"Security"** means any note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-Trusts certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-Trusts certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, or, in general, an interest or instrument commonly know as "security", or any certificate or interest or participation in temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase (including options) any of the foregoing.

**"Advisers"** means the Advisers to the Trusts.

**"Trusts"** mean Northern Lights Fund Trust and the Northern Lights Variable Trust.

***PROHIBITED ACTIONS AND ACTIVITIES***

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A. No Access Person shall purchase or sell directly or indirectly, any Covered Security in which he or she has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership and which he or she knows or should have known at the time of such purchase or sale;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) is being considered for purchase or sale by a Fund, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) is being purchased or sold by a Fund.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A. Decision-Making Access Persons may not participate in any initial public offering of Covered Securities in any account over which they exercise Beneficial Ownership. All other Access Persons must obtain prior written authorization from the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee prior to such participation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B. No Access Person may purchase a Covered Security in which by reason of such transaction they acquire Beneficial Ownership in a private placement of a Security, without prior written authorization of the acquisition by the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C. Access Persons may not accept any fee, commission, gift, or services, other than de minimus gifts, from any single person or entity that does business with or on behalf of the Trusts;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D. Decision-Making Access Persons may not serve on the board of directors of a publicly traded company without prior authorization from the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee based upon a determination that such service would be consistent with the interests of the Trusts. If such service is authorized, procedures will then be put in place to isolate such Decision-Making Access Persons serving as directors of outside entities from those making investment decisions on behalf of the Trusts.

Advanced notice should be given so that the Trusts or Advisers may take such action concerning the conflict as deemed appropriate by the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;E. Decision-Making Access Person may not execute a Personal Securities Transaction involving a Covered Security without authorization of the Chief Compliance Officer or such persons who may be designated by the Chief Compliance Officer from time to time.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;F. It shall be a violation of this Code for any Access Person, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, of any Covered Security held or to be acquired by a Fund:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. to employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Trusts;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. to make to the Trusts any untrue statement of a material fact or to omit to state to the Trusts a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c. to engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Trusts; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;d. to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Trusts.

EXEMPTED TRANSACTIONS

The provisions described above under the heading Prohibited Actions and Activities and the preclearance procedures under the heading Preclearance of Personal Securities Transactions do not apply to:

· Purchases or Sales of Securities effected in any account in which an Access Person has no Beneficial Ownership;

· Purchases or Sales of Securities which are non-volitional on the part the Access Person (for example, the receipt of stock dividends);

· Purchase of Securities made as part of automatic dividend reinvestment plans;

· Purchases of Securities made as part of an employee benefit plan involving the periodic purchase or company stock or mutual Funds; and

· Purchases of Securities effected upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its Securities, to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer, and sale of such rights so acquired.

**PRECLEARANCE OF PERSONAL SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS**

All Decision-Making Access Persons wishing to engage in a Personal Securities Transaction must obtain prior authorization of any such Personal Securities Transaction from the Chief Compliance Officer or such person or persons that the Chief Compliance Officer may from time to time designate to make such authorizations. Personal Securities Transactions by the Chief Compliance Officer shall require prior authorization from the President or Chief Executive Officer of the Trusts (unless such person is also the Chief Compliance Officer), who shall perform the review and approval functions relating to reports and trading by the Chief Compliance Officer. The Trusts shall adopt the appropriate forms and procedures for implementing this Code of Ethics.

Any authorization so provided is effective until the close of business on the fifth trading day after the authorization is granted. In the event that an order for the Personal Securities Transaction is not placed within that time period, a new authorization must be obtained. If the order for the transaction is placed but not executed within that time period, no new authorization is required unless the person placing the order originally amends the order in any manner. Authorization for "good until canceled" orders is effective unless the order conflicts with a Trusts order.

If a person wishing to effect a Personal Securities Transaction learns, while the order is pending, that the same Security is being considered for Purchase or Sale by a Fund, such person shall cancel the trade.

***REPORTING AND MONITORING***

The Chief Compliance Officer or such person or persons that the Chief Compliance Officer may from time to time designate shall monitor all personal trading activity of all Access Persons pursuant to the procedures established under this Code.

**Disclosure of Personal Brokerage Accounts**

Within ten days of the commencement of employment or at the commencement of a relationship with the Trusts, all Access Persons, except Independent Trustees, are required to submit to the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee a report stating the names and account numbers of all of their personal brokerage accounts, brokerage accounts of members of their Immediate Family, and any brokerage accounts which they control or in which they or an Immediate Family member has Beneficial Ownership. Such report must contain the date on which it is submitted and the information in the report must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to that date. In addition, if a new brokerage account is opened during the course of the year, the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee must be notified immediately.

The information required by the above paragraph must be provided to the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee on an annual basis, and the report of such should be submitted with the annual holdings reports described below.

Each of these accounts is required to furnish duplicate confirmations and statements to the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee. These statements and confirms for each series of the Trusts may be sent to the Advisers.

INITIAL HOLDINGS REPORT

Within ten days of becoming an Access Person (and with information that is current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date that the report was submitted), each Access Person, except Independent Trustees must submit a holdings report that must contain, at a minimum, the title and type of Security, and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership. This report must state the date on which it is submitted.

ANNUAL HOLDINGS REPORTS

All Access Persons, except Independent Trustees, must supply the information that is required in the initial holdings report on an annual basis, and such information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date that the report was submitted. Such reports must state the date on which they are submitted.

QUARTERLY TRANSACTION REPORTS

All Access Persons shall report to the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee the following information with respect to transactions in a Covered Security in which such person has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the Covered Security:

· The date of the transaction, the title, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and the principal amount of each Covered Security;

· The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

· The price of the Covered Security at which the transaction was effected; and

· The name of the broker, dealer, or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected.

· The date the Access Person Submits the Report.

Reports pursuant to this section of this Code shall be made no later than 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter in which the transaction to which the report relates was effected, and shall include a certification that the reporting person has reported all Personal Securities Transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of this Code. Confirmations and Brokerage Statements sent directly to each Adviser's address noted above is an acceptable form of a quarterly transaction report.

An Independent Trustee need only make a quarterly transaction report if he or she, at the time of the transaction, knew, or in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as a Trustee, should have known that during the 15-day period immediately preceding or following the date of the transaction by the Independent Trustee, the Covered Security was purchased or sold by a Fund or was considered for purchase or sale by a Fund.

***ENFORCEMENTS AND PENALTIES***

The Chief Compliance Officer or his designee shall review the transaction information supplied by Access Persons. If a transaction appears to be a violation of this Code, the transaction will be reported to the Trusts Board of Trustees.

Upon being informed of a violation of this Code, the Trusts Board of Trustees may impose sanctions as it deems appropriate, including but not limited to, a letter of censure or suspension, termination of the employment of the violator, or a request for disgorgement of any profits received from a securities transaction effected in violation of this Code. The Trusts shall impose sanctions in accordance with the principle that no Access Person may profit at the expense of its clients. Any losses are the responsibility of the violator. Any profits realized on personal securities transactions in violation of the Code must be disgorged in a manner directed by the Board of Trustees.

Annually, the Chief Compliance Officer at each regular meeting of the Board shall issue a report on Personal Securities Transactions by Access Person. The report submitted to the board shall:

· Summarize existing procedures concerning Personal Securities investing and any changes in the procedures made during the prior year;

· Identify any violations of this Code and any significant remedial action taken during the prior year; and;

· Identify any recommended changes in existing restrictions or procedures based upon the experience under the Code, evolving industry practices or developments in applicable laws and regulations.

***ACKNOWLEDGMENT***

The Trusts must provide all Access Persons with a copy of this Code. Upon receipt of this Code, all Access Persons must do the following:

All new Access Persons must read the Code, complete all relevant forms supplied by the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee (including a written acknowledgement of their receipt of the Code), and schedule a meeting with the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee to discuss the provisions herein within two calendar weeks of employment.

Existing Access Persons who did not receive this Code upon hire, for whatever reason, must read the Code, complete all relevant forms supplied by the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee (including a written acknowledgement of their receipt of the Code), and schedule a meeting with the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee to discuss the provisions herein at the earliest possible time, but no later than the end of the current quarter.

All Access Persons must certify on an annual basis that they have read and understood the Code.

<br>