# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001641281
**File Stem:** 0001193125-26-219382
**Filing Date:** 2026-5
**Character Count:** 114295
**Document Hash:** 43db4b0177c156ac287b3148f8da0074
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001193125-26-219382.hdr.sgml**: 20260512

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001193125-26-219382

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: 10-Q

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 59

**CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT**: 20260331

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20260512

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20260512

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001641281
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 472804636
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** 10-Q
- **SEC ACT:** 1934 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 001-39988
- **FILM NUMBER:** 26968480

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 900 CHESAPEAKE DRIVE
- **CITY:** REDWOOD CITY
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94063
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 650-665-9295

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 900 CHESAPEAKE DRIVE
- **CITY:** REDWOOD CITY
- **STATE:** CA
- **ZIP:** 94063

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Bolt Therapeutics, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20150504

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? 10-Q

**UNITED STATES**

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION**

**Washington, D.C. 20549**

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**FORM** 10-Q

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**(Mark One)**

☒ **QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934** 

**For the quarterly period ended** **March 31,** 2026

**OR** 

☐ **TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934** 

**For the transition period from to** 

**Commission File Number** 001-39988

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Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc.

**(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)** 

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---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Delaware | 47-2804636 |
| **(State or other jurisdiction of**<br>**incorporation or organization)** | **(I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.)** |
| 900 Chesapeake Drive<br>Redwood City**,** CA | 94063 |
| **(Address of principal executive offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

---

**Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (**650**)** 665-9295

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Title of each class** | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Trading Symbol(s)** | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Name of each exchange on which registered** |
| Common Stock, $0.00001 par value | &nbsp;&nbsp;BOLT | &nbsp;&nbsp;The Nasdaq Capital Market |

---

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☒ |
| Emerging growth company | ☒ |  |  |

---

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 5, 2026, the registrant had 1,921,567 shares of common stock outstanding.

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**Table of Contents** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Page** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[**<u>PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION</u>**](#part_i_financial_information) | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[**<u>PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION</u>**](#part_i_financial_information) |  |
| Item 1. | [<u>Financial Statements (unaudited)</u>](#item_1_financial_statements) | &nbsp;&nbsp;1 |
|  | [<u>Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025</u>](#condensed_consolidated_statements_bal_sh) | &nbsp;&nbsp;1 |
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025</u>](#condensed_statements_operations_comprehe) | &nbsp;&nbsp;2 |
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025</u>](#condensed_consolidated_statements_conver) | &nbsp;&nbsp;3 |
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025</u>](#condensed_consolidated_statements_cash_f) | &nbsp;&nbsp;4 |
|  | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements</u>](#notes_to_financial_statements) | &nbsp;&nbsp;5 |
| Item 2. | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</u>](#item_2_managements_discussion_analysis_f) | &nbsp;&nbsp;19 |
| Item 3. | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</u>](#item_3_quantitative_qualitative_disclosu) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 4. | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[<u>Controls and Procedures</u>](#item_4_controls_procedures) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[**<u>PART II OTHER INFORMATION</u>**](#part_ii_or_information) | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[**<u>PART II OTHER INFORMATION</u>**](#part_ii_or_information) |  |
| Item 1. | [<u>Legal Proceedings</u>](#item_1_legal_proceedings) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 1A. | [<u>Risk Factors</u>](#item_1a_risk_factors) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 2. | [<u>Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds</u>](#item_2_unregistered_sales_equity_securit) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 3. | [<u>Defaults Upon Senior Securities</u>](#item_3_defaults_upon_senior_securities) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 4. | [<u>Mine Safety Disclosures</u>](#item_4_mine_safety_disclosures) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 5. | [<u>Other Information</u>](#item_5_or_information) | &nbsp;&nbsp;26 |
| Item 6. | [<u>Exhibits</u>](#item_6_exhibits_following_is_a_list_exhi) | &nbsp;&nbsp;27 |
|  | [<u>Signatures</u>](#signatures) | &nbsp;&nbsp;28 |

---

i

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**PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION**

**Item 1. Financial Statements**

**BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS** 

**(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31,** | **December 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| ***Assets*** |  |  |
| Current assets: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash equivalents | $11609 | $11703 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Short-term investments | 11283 | 15802 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Restricted cash | 200 | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 2660 | 2555 |
| Total current assets | 25752 | 30260 |
| Property and equipment, net | 1042 | 1245 |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 18564 | 19230 |
| Restricted cash, non-current | 1538 | 1538 |
| Long-term investments | 1019 | 4337 |
| Other assets | 112 | 138 |
| Total assets | $48027 | $56748 |
| ***Liabilities and stockholders' equity*** |  |  |
| Current liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable | $1736 | $1443 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 2021 | 3717 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred revenue | 630 | 449 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | 2956 | 2826 |
| Total current liabilities | 7343 | 8435 |
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | 19352 | 20132 |
| Deferred revenue, non-current | 1352 | 1544 |
| Other long-term liabilities | 158 | 132 |
| Total liabilities | 28205 | 30243 |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 6) |  |  |
| ***Stockholders' equity:*** |  |  |
| Common stock, $0.00001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025; 1,921,567 and 1,920,566 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2026 and December 2025, respectively |  |  |
| Additional paid-in capital | 487856 | 487305 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (11) | (21) |
| Accumulated deficit | (468023) | (460779) |
| Total stockholders' equity | 19822 | 26505 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $48027 | $56748 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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**BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS** 

**(Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Collaboration revenue | $26 | $1222 |
| Operating expenses: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development | 4829 | 9512 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative | 2798 | 3825 |
| Total operating expense | 7627 | 13337 |
| Loss from operations | (7601) | (12115) |
| Other income (expense), net: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Interest income, net | 276 | 1053 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Other income, net | 81 | 22 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total other income, net | 357 | 1075 |
| Net loss | (7244) | (11040) |
| Net unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities | 10 | (57) |
| Comprehensive loss | $(7234) | $(11097) |
| Net loss per share, basic and diluted | $(4.31) | $(5.76) |
| Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted | 1680445 | 1916943 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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**BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY** 

**(Unaudited, in thousands, except share amounts)** 

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2026** |
|  |  |  |  | **Accumulated** |  |  |
|  |  |  | **Additional** | **Other** |  | **Total** |
|  | **Common** | **Common** | **Paid-In** | **Comprehensive** | **Accumulated** | **Stockholders'** |
|  | **Shares** | **Amount** | **Capital** | **Income (Loss)** | **Deficit** | **Equity** |
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | 1920566 | $— | $487305 | $(21) | $(460779) | $26505 |
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 1001 |  | 6 |  |  | 6 |
| Stock-based compensation |  |  | 545 |  |  | 545 |
| Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments |  |  |  | 10 |  | 10 |
| Net loss |  |  |  |  | (7244) | (7244) |
| Balance at March 31, 2026 | 1921567 | $— | $487856 | $(11) | $(468023) | $19822 |
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** | **Three Months Ended March 31, 2025** |
|  |  |  |  | **Accumulated** |  |  |
|  |  |  | **Additional** | **Other** |  | **Total** |
|  | **Common** | **Common** | **Paid-In** | **Comprehensive** | **Accumulated** | **Stockholders'** |
|  | **Shares** | **Amount** | **Capital** | **Income (Loss)** | **Deficit** | **Equity** |
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | 1916943 | $— | $484504 | $97 | $(427403) | $57198 |
| Stock-based compensation |  |  | 709 |  |  | 709 |
| Unrealized loss on available-for-sale investments |  |  |  | (57) |  | (57) |
| Net loss |  |  |  |  | (11040) | (11040) |
| Balance at March 31, 2025 | 1916943 | $— | $485213 | $40 | $(438443) | $46810 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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**BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS** 

**(Unaudited, in thousands)** 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| **CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:** |  |  |
| Net loss | $(7244) | $(11040) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Depreciation and amortization | 203 | 399 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based compensation expense | 545 | 709 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accretion of discount on marketable securities | (45) | (209) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gain on sale of property and equipment | (31) | (288) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-cash lease expense | 666 | 615 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and other assets | (79) | (169) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (1403) | (2511) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating lease liabilities | (650) | (500) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred revenue | (11) | (503) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other long-term liabilities | 26 | 132 |
| **Net cash used in operating activities** | (8023) | (13365) |
| **CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from sales of property and equipment | 31 | 963 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Purchases of marketable securities | (1230) | (992) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Maturities of marketable securities | 9122 | 14580 |
| **Net cash provided by investing activities** | 7923 | 14551 |
| **CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:** |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 6 |  |
| **Net cash provided by financing activities** | 6 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH** | (94) | 1186 |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year | 13441 | 8970 |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $13347 | $10156 |
| **Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:** |  |  |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $11609 | $8391 |
| Restricted cash | 1738 | 1765 |
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $13347 | $10156 |

---

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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**BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.**

**NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS**

*(Unaudited)* 

**1. Description of the Business** 

Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing novel immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer. The Company's pipeline candidates are built on the Company's deep expertise in myeloid biology and cancer drug development, uniting the targeting precision of antibodies with the power of the innate and adaptive immune system to reprogram the tumor microenvironment for a productive anti-cancer response.

**2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies** 

***Basis of Presentation*** 

The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and pursuant to applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include only normal and recurring adjustments, which are normal in nature, that the Company believes are necessary to a fair statement of the Company's financial position and the results of its operations and cash flows. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company's annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments which are necessary for a fair statement of the Company's financial information. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. The financial statements for the fiscal three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are consolidated and include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. Certain reclassifications on the statement of stockholders' equity have been made to prior period amounts to conform to current period presentation. These interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or any other period. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes accompanying them should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

***Consolidation***

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Bolt Biotherapeutics Australia PTY LTD (which are referred to herein, collectively, as the Company where context requires). Bolt Biotherapeutics Australia PTY LTD did not hold any assets or generate revenue during and as of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.

***Risks and Uncertainties*** 

The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other early-stage biopharmaceutical companies, including, but not limited to, changes in any of the following areas that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on its future financial position or results of operations: risks related to the successful discovery and development of its product candidates, ability to raise additional capital, development of new technological innovations by its competitors, delay or inability to obtain chemical or biological intermediates from such suppliers required for the synthesis of the Company's product candidates, protection of intellectual property rights, litigation or claims against the Company based on intellectual property rights, and regulatory clearance and market acceptance of the Company's products.

Global economic and business activities continue to face widespread macroeconomic uncertainties, including pandemics, labor shortages, inflation and monetary supply shifts, recession risks and potential disruptions from major geopolitical conflicts. The Company continues to actively monitor the impact of these macroeconomic factors on its financial condition, liquidity, operations, and workforce. The extent of the impact of these factors on the Company's operational and financial performance, including its ability to execute its business strategies and initiatives in the expected time frame, will depend on future developments, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted; however, any continued or renewed disruption resulting from these factors could negatively impact the Company's business.

The Company relies on single source manufacturers and suppliers for the supply of its product candidates. Disruption from these manufacturers or suppliers would have a negative impact on the Company's business, financial position, and results of operations.

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***Liquidity and Going Concern***

The Company has incurred net losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception, has an accumulated deficit $468.0 million and anticipates continuing to incur net losses for the foreseeable future. Under the Company's current plan, management believes its cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $23.9 million as of March 31, 2026 will not be sufficient for the Company to continue as a going concern for at least one year from the issuance date of these financial statements. The Company believes that this raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

As a result, the Company will be required to raise additional capital by partnering, selling equity, or other means. There can be no assurance as to whether partnering efforts will be successful or whether additional financing will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, if at all. If sufficient funds on acceptable terms are not available when needed, it would have a negative impact on the Company's financial condition and could force the Company to delay, limit, reduce, or terminate product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that the Company would otherwise plan to develop and market itself.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect any adjustments relating to the recoverability and reclassifications of assets and liabilities that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

The Company will need to raise additional capital to continue the advancement of its programs. In the near term, the Company's primary uses of cash will be to fund the completion of key milestones for clinical programs and to fund its operations, including research and development activities and employee salaries. This includes significant costs relating to clinical trials and manufacture of the Company's product candidates. The Company's uses of cash in the long term will be similar as the Company advances its research and development activities and pays employee salaries. Most pharmaceutical products require larger clinical trials as development progresses, and the Company expects its funding requirements to grow with the advancement of its programs. The Company's long-term funding requirements will depend on many factors, which are uncertain but include its portfolio prioritization decisions and the success of its collaborations. In turn, the Company's ability to raise additional capital through equity or partnering will depend on the general economic environment in which it operates and its ability to achieve key milestones.

***Reverse Stock Split***

On June 6, 2025, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split (the "Reverse Stock Split") of its common stock. The par value per share and the number of authorized shares were not adjusted as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. The shares of common stock underlying outstanding stock options were proportionately reduced and the respective exercise prices, if applicable, were proportionately increased in accordance with the terms of the agreements governing such stock. In addition, the shares available for grants under the Company's equity incentive plans and employee stock purchase plan were adjusted as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. All references to common stock, options to purchase common stock, common stock share data, per share data, and related information contained in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the effect of the Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented.

***Use of Estimates*** 

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, restructuring costs, long-lived assets impairment assessment, and accrued liabilities. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from those estimates.

***Reclassification*** 

Certain amounts in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

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***Allowance for Credit Losses*** 

For available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through earnings. For available-for-sale securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, the Company considers the severity of the impairment, any changes in interest rates, market conditions, changes to the underlying credit ratings and forecasted recovery, among other factors. The credit-related portion of unrealized losses, and any subsequent improvements, are recorded in interest income through an allowance account. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is included in other comprehensive income (loss) on the statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Company elected the practical expedient to exclude the applicable accrued interest from both the fair value and amortized costs basis of its available-for-sale securities for purposes of identifying and measuring an impairment. Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale securities is recorded within cash and cash equivalents on the Company's balance sheets. The Company's accounting policy is to not measure an allowance for credit loss for accrued interest receivable and to write-off any uncollectible accrued interest receivable as a reversal of interest income in a timely manner, which the Company considers to be in the period in which it determines the accrued interest will not be collected by the Company.

***Concentrations of Credit Risk*** 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, most of the Company's funds were invested with a registered investment manager and custodied at one financial institution, with operating cash kept at a separate financial institution, and account balances may at times exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the Company is not subject to unusual or significant credit risk beyond the normal credit risk associated with commercial banking relationships.

***Net Loss Per Share*** 

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, stock options, common stock subject to repurchase related to unvested restricted stock awards and early exercise of stock options are considered potentially dilutive securities. Basic and diluted net loss per share is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. The Company considers the shares issued upon the early exercise of stock options subject to repurchase to be participating securities because holders of such shares have non-forfeitable dividend rights in the event a dividend is paid on common stock. The holders of early exercised shares subject to repurchase do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company's losses. As such, the net loss was attributed entirely to common stockholders. Because the Company has reported a net loss for all periods presented, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for all periods presented as potentially dilutive securities were anti-dilutive.

***Recent Accounting Standards*** 

From time to time, new accounting standards are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB"), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, *Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)*, which is intended to enhance transparency into the nature and function of expenses, primarily through additional disclosures on certain cost and expenses. ASU 2024-03 should be applied on a prospective basis, and retrospective application is permitted. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance.

In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-04, *Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer*, to clarify the accounting treatment for equity instruments granted to customers. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statements and related disclosures; at this time it does not expect it to materially affect its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

------

**3. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments** 

The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:

***Level 1***—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

***Level 2***—Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

***Level 3***—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.

During the three months ended March 31, 2026, financial assets measured on a recurring basis consist of cash invested in money market accounts, short-term investments, and long-term investments. The fair value of short- and long-term investments is based upon market prices quoted on the last day of the fiscal period or other observable market inputs. The Company obtains pricing information from its investment manager and generally determines the fair value of investment securities using standard observable inputs, including reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, bids and/or offers.

There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 fair value measurements during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Marketable securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale securities, consisted of the following at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** |
|  | **Amortized** | **Unrealized** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** |
|  | **Cost** | **Gains** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** |
| Asset-backed securities | $4064 | $1 | $(1) | $4064 |
| U.S. treasury securities | 996 |  |  | 996 |
| Commercial paper | 4209 |  | (1) | 4208 |
| Corporate debt securities | 3036 |  | (2) | 3034 |
| Total | $12305 | $1 | $(4) | $12302 |

---

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
|  | **Amortized** | **Unrealized** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** |
|  | **Cost** | **Gains** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** |
| Asset-backed securities | $5334 | $6 | $— | $5340 |
| U.S. treasury securities | 991 | 1 |  | 992 |
| Other agency securities | 995 |  |  | 995 |
| Commercial paper | 7682 | 1 |  | 7683 |
| Corporate debt securities | 5128 | 1 |  | 5129 |
| Total | $20130 | $9 | $— | $20139 |

---

------

As of March 31, 2026, the unrealized losses for available-for-sale investments were primarily due to changes in interest rates and not due to increased credit risks associated with specific securities. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the investments. The Company does not currently intend to sell the investments. As of March 31, 2026, no allowance for credit losses was recorded and the Company did not recognize any impairment losses related to investments.

The tables below show the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company's available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses that are not deemed to have credit losses (in thousands), aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively:

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| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** |
|  | **Less Than 12 Months** | **Less Than 12 Months** | **More Than 12 Months** | **More Than 12 Months** | **Total** | **Total** |
|  | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** |
|  | **Fair Value** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** | **Losses** |
| Asset-backed securities | $3045 | $(1) | $1019 | $— | $4064 | $(1) |
| U.S. treasury securities | 996 |  |  |  | 996 |  |
| Commercial paper | 4208 | (1) |  |  | 4208 | (1) |
| Corporate debt securities | 3034 | (2) |  |  | 3034 | (2) |
| Total | $11283 | $(4) | $1019 | $— | $12302 | $(4) |

---

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
|  | **Less Than 12 Months** | **Less Than 12 Months** | **More Than 12 Months** | **More Than 12 Months** | **Total** | **Total** |
|  | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** | **Estimated** | **Unrealized** |
|  | **Fair Value** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** | **Losses** | **Fair Value** | **Losses** |
| Asset-backed securities | $1003 | $— | $4337 | $— | $5340 | $— |
| U.S. treasury securities | 992 |  |  |  | 992 |  |
| Other agency securities | 995 |  |  |  | 995 |  |
| Commercial paper | 7683 |  |  |  | 7683 |  |
| Corporate debt securities | 5129 |  |  |  | 5129 |  |
| Total | $15802 | $— | $4337 | $— | $20139 | $— |

---

Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale securities were $37,000 and $0.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, which are recorded in cash and cash equivalents line item on the Company's condensed balance sheets. The Company has not written off any accrued interest receivables for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair values of the Company's assets, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, were determined using the following inputs (in thousands):

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** | **March 31, 2026** |
|  | **Total** | **(Level 1)** | **(Level 2)** | **(Level 3)** |
| Money market funds | $9855 | $9855 | $— | $— |
| Asset-backed securities | 4064 |  | 4064 |  |
| U.S. treasury securities | 996 | 996 |  |  |
| Commercial paper | 4208 |  | 4208 |  |
| Corporate debt securities | 3034 |  | 3034 |  |
| Total | $22157 | $10851 | $11306 | $— |

---

------

---

| | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
|  | **Total** | **(Level 1)** | **(Level 2)** | **(Level 3)** |
| Money market funds | $7755 | $7755 | $— | $— |
| Asset-backed securities | 5340 |  | 5340 |  |
| U.S. treasury securities | 992 | 992 |  |  |
| Other agency securities | 995 |  | 995 |  |
| Commercial paper | 7683 |  | 7683 |  |
| Corporate debt securities | 5129 |  | 5129 |  |
| Total | $27894 | $8747 | $19147 | $— |

---

**4. Balance Sheet Components** 

***Property and Equipment, net*** 

Property and equipment, net, consist of the following (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31,<br>2026** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| Laboratory equipment | $7831 | $7888 |
| Office equipment | 386 | 386 |
| Leasehold improvements | 358 | 358 |
| Total property and equipment | 8575 | 8632 |
| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (7533) | (7387) |
| Total | $1042 | $1245 |

---

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $0.2 million and $0.4 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

*Sale of Property and Equipment, net*

During the three months ended March 31, 2026 , the Company sold certain laboratory equipment. As a result, the Company recorded proceeds of approximately $31,000 and incurred a gain on disposal of approximately $31,000.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company sold certain laboratory equipment. As a result, the Company recorded proceeds of approximately $1.0 million and incurred a gain on disposal of approximately $0.3 million.

***Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities*** 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **March 31,<br>2026** | **December 31,<br>2025** |
| Accrued research and development | $449 | $1043 |
| Accrued compensation | 896 | 1642 |
| Accrued restructuring charges | 266 | 744 |
| Accrued other | 410 | 288 |
| Total | $2021 | $3717 |

---

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**5. Collaborations** 

***Joint Development and License Agreement with Toray Industries, Inc. ("Toray")***

In March 2019, the Company entered into a Joint Development and License Agreement (the "Toray Agreement") with Toray Industries, Inc. ("Toray") to jointly develop and commercialize a Boltbody™ immune-stimulating antibody conjugate ("ISAC") containing Toray's proprietary antibody to treat cancer. The Company determined that the Toray Agreement is a contract with a customer and should be accounted for under ASC 606. In conjunction with the Toray Agreement, the Company entered into a Series T Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Series T Agreement") for the issuance of 35,875 shares of Series T convertible preferred stock to Toray. These contracts have been evaluated together and the consideration in excess of the fair value of the Series T convertible preferred stock of $1.5 million has been allocated to the Toray Agreement and included in the total consideration for collaboration revenue. In February 2021, in connection with the Company's initial public offering ("IPO"), all outstanding shares of Series T convertible preferred stock were converted into shares of the Company's common stock.

In the Toray Agreement, the Company has identified one bundled performance obligation which includes the license rights, research and development services and services associated with participation on a joint steering committee. The transaction price includes the $1.5 million allocated from the Series T convertible preferred stock and $2.1 million of estimated variable consideration related to compensation for research and development services at the agreed upon full-time employee rate and third-party costs. Collaboration revenue is recognized over time proportionate to the costs that the Company has incurred to perform the services using an input method as a measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation, which is based on project hours. Amounts are billed based on estimated variable consideration in the quarter ahead of performance and are trued up on the subsequent quarter's invoice following the work performed. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimated hours to complete the Company's performance obligation will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, receivables of zero and $45,000 related to research and development services performed under the Toray Agreement were recorded as part of the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item on the balance sheet. Deferred revenue allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligation is recorded as a contract liability on the balance sheet and will be recognized over time as the services are performed. As of March 31, 2026, contract liabilities totaling $0.8 million at period-end were recorded in deferred revenue with $0.3 million in current liabilities and $0.5 million in non-current liabilities on the balance sheet based on the forecasted periods of performance. As of December 31, 2025, contract liabilities totaling $0.8 million at period-end were recorded in deferred revenue with $0.3 million in current liabilities and $0.5 million in non-current liabilities on the balance sheet based on the forecasted periods of performance.

The following table presents changes in the Company's contract liability (in thousands):

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | $820 |
| Addition—amount billed or accrued for research and development services |  |
| Revenue recognized | (13) |
| Balance as of March 31, 2026 | $807 |

---

The Company recorded $13,000 and zero revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Toray Agreement includes both fixed and variable considerations. Under the Toray Agreement, the Company will be compensated for early-stage development and manufacturing activities based on agreed full-time equivalent rates and actual out of pocket costs through the completion of the first Phase 1 clinical trial for the collaboration product candidate and Toray is entitled to reimbursement for 50% of such development costs from the Company's share of revenues collected from the sale or licensing of collaboration products. Although the legal term of the agreement is until collaboration products are no longer sold in the territories covered under the agreement, the parties have present enforceable rights and obligations through the end of the first Phase 1 clinical trial, after which both parties can opt out of continued development under the agreement. As such, the accounting term of the Toray Agreement is considered to terminate upon completion of the first Phase 1 clinical trial. After the conclusion of the first Phase 1 clinical trial, the parties will share equally all costs of development activities necessary for obtaining regulatory approval of collaboration products in the indications in the territories covered under the agreement, unless either party elects to opt out of its co-funding obligations or reduce them by half, which election can be on a region-by-region basis or for the territories covered under the agreement as a whole. Such optional additional items will be accounted for as contract modifications when development advances past certain milestones and the parties both exercise their opt-in rights.

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***Oncology Research and Development Collaboration with Genmab A/S ("Genmab")***

In May 2021, the Company entered into a License and Collaboration Agreement (the "Genmab Agreement") with Genmab A/S ("Genmab"). Together, the companies will evaluate Genmab antibodies in combination with the Company's ISAC technology, with the goal of discovering and developing next-generation ISACs for the treatment of cancer. Under this research collaboration, the companies evaluated multiple ISAC concepts to identify up to three clinical candidates for development. Genmab will fund the research, along with the preclinical and clinical development of these candidates through initial clinical proof of concept. Under the Genmab Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $10.0 million. The Company determined that the Genmab Agreement is a contract with a customer and should be accounted for under ASC 606. In conjunction with the Genmab Agreement, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement (the "Genmab SPA") for the issuance of 41,052 shares of the Company's common stock to Genmab for a total purchase price of $15.0 million. These contracts have been evaluated together and the consideration in excess of the fair value of the common stock of $1.4 million has been allocated to the Genmab Agreement and included in the total consideration for collaboration revenue.

In the Genmab Agreement, the Company has identified one bundled performance obligation that includes the license rights, research and development services, and services associated with participation on a joint research committee. The transaction price includes the $10.0 million upfront payment, the $1.4 million allocated from the Genmab SPA, and $12.4 million of estimated variable consideration related to compensation for research and development services at the agreed upon full-time employee rate and third-party costs. Collaboration revenue is recognized over time proportionate to the costs that the Company has incurred to perform the services using an input method as a measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation, which is based on project hours. Compensation for the research and development services are billed in the quarter based on actual hours incurred to satisfy the performance obligation. The cumulative effect of revisions to estimated hours to complete the Company's performance obligation will be recorded in the period in which changes are identified and amounts can be reasonably estimated. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, receivables of $15,000 and $0.6 million related to research and development services performed under the Genmab Agreement were recorded as part of the prepaid expenses and other current assets line item on the balance sheet. Deferred revenue allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligation is recorded as a contract liability on the balance sheet and will be recognized over time as the services are performed. As of March 31, 2026, contract liabilities totaling $1.2 million were recorded in deferred revenue with $0.3 million in current liabilities and $0.9 million in non-current liabilities on the balance sheet based on the forecasted periods of performance. As of December 31, 2025, contract liabilities totaling $1.2 million were recorded in deferred revenue with $0.1 million in current liabilities and $1.1 million in non-current liabilities on the balance sheet based on the forecasted periods of performance.

The following table presents changes in the Company contract liability (in thousands):

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | $1173 |
| Addition—amount billed for research and development services | 15 |
| Revenue recognized | (13) |
| Balance as of March 31, 2026 | $1175 |

---

The Company recorded $13,000 and $1.2 million in revenue earned during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, based on services performed under the Genmab Agreement during the period. Under the Genmab Agreement, the Company will be compensated for agreed research and development services and third party costs through initial clinical proof of concept of the therapeutic candidates, which also represents the period of time both parties have enforceable rights and obligations. As such, the accounting term of the Genmab Agreement is considered to terminate upon completion of the initial clinical proof of concept of the therapeutic candidates, after which Genmab has the option to develop and commercialize up to three therapeutic candidates and the Company has the option to participate in development and commercialization of one candidate. The Genmab Agreement includes optional additional items which will be accounted for as contract modifications after initial clinical proof of concept of the therapeutic candidates. With respect to each candidate for which a party has exercised its program opt-in rights and has exclusive global rights, the other party is eligible to receive potential development and sales-based milestone payments and tiered royalties, subject to certain customary reductions, the amount of all such considerations will vary based on the market potential of the applicable territory for which such party has exercised its program opt-in rights. Under the Genmab Agreement, the Company is eligible to receive total potential milestone payments of up to $125.0 million in development milestones and $160.0 million in sale milestones per therapeutic candidate exclusively developed and commercialized by Genmab, along with tiered royalties at rates from a single-digit to mid-teens percentage based on net sales of each therapeutic candidate. However, given the current phase of development of therapeutic candidates under the Genmab Agreement, the Company cannot estimate the probability or timing of achieving these milestones, and, therefore, has excluded all milestone and royalty payments from the transaction prices of the agreement.

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The Company expects its collaboration revenue to vary from period to period, and the Company may have periods of little to no activity depending on the development timeline and activities with our collaboration partners. The Company's BDC-4182 ongoing clinical trial is expected to provide insights that may be relevant to its current collaboration with Genmab and as a result, the Company does not expect to perform additional research and development activities until the companies evaluate the impact of the BDC-4182 clinical trial results. The Company remains committed to executing on this agreement and will continue to reassess its revenue recognition estimates as new information becomes available.

**6. Commitments and Contingencies** 

***Leases*** 

The Company has operating leases for its corporate office, laboratory and vivarium space in Redwood City, California. On August 7, 2020, the Company executed a non-cancellable lease agreement for 71,646 square feet of space (the "Chesapeake Master Lease"), for its corporate office, laboratory and vivarium space in Redwood City, California. The Chesapeake Master Lease has an initial term of ten years from the commencement date, with an option to extend the lease for an additional eight-year term. The Chesapeake Master Lease contains rent escalation, and the Company is also responsible for certain operating expenses and taxes throughout the lease term.

***Sublease Arrangements***

The Company subleases portions of its leased facilities under arrangements associated with its Chesapeake Master Lease of over 30,000 square feet of its facilities. Sublease rental income is recorded as a reduction of general and administrative expenses, as the amounts represent recoveries of operating costs rather than revenues from the Company's primary business activities. Under these arrangements, rent is subject to scheduled increases, and the subtenants are responsible for certain operating expenses and taxes.

Sublease income from the sublease agreements were approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate related to the Company's lease liabilities as of March 31, 2026 were 5.2 years and 11.9%, respectively, for the operating leases. The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate related to the Company's lease liabilities as of December 31, 2025 were 5.4 years and 11.9%, respectively, for the operating leases. The Company lease discount rates are based on estimates of its incremental borrowing rate, as the discount rates implicit in the Company's leases cannot be readily determined. As the Company does not have any outstanding debt, the Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate based on its estimated credit rating and available market information.

Cash required as security for our operating leases is secured by a letter of credit on behalf of the lessor in the amount of approximately $1.5 million and is r ecorded as restricted cash on the balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Total operating lease cost | $945 | $1116 |

---

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Operating cash outflows from operating leases | $1323 | $1242 |

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The following is a schedule by year for future maturities of the Company's operating lease liabilities and sublease income to be received as of March 31, 2026 (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Operating<br>Leases** | **Sublease Income** |
| 2026 | $4076 | $1322 |
| 2027 | 5584 | 678 |
| 2028 | 5775 |  |
| 2029 | 5974 |  |
| 2030 | 6179 |  |
| Thereafter | 2611 |  |
| Total lease payments | 30199 | 2000 |
| Less interest | (7891) |  |
| Total | $22308 | $2000 |

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;***License and Equity Agreement*** 

In May 2015, the Company entered into a license agreement (as amended, the "Stanford Agreement"), with The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University ("Stanford"). The Stanford Agreement provides the Company exclusive licenses to certain inventions. As consideration, the Company issued Stanford shares of its common stock and a limited right to purchase equity in future financing. Additionally, the Company is required by the Stanford Agreement to make milestone payments up to an aggregate of $0.4 million for the first licensed product that meets certain patent issuance, clinical and regulatory milestones, and an additional milestone payment of $0.2 million for each additional regulatory approval. The Company also agreed in the Stanford Agreement to pay Stanford tiered royalties on the Company's and its sublicensees' net sales of licensed products, if any, at low single-digit percentage rates, subject to certain reductions. No royalty payments have been made to date.

***Guarantees and Indemnifications*** 

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into agreements that contain a variety of representations and provide for general indemnification. The Company's exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations. As of March 31, 2026, the Company did not have any material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible and, consequently, had not recorded related liabilities.

***Other Commitments*** 

The Company enters into agreements in the normal course of business, including with contract research organizations for clinical trials, contract manufacturing organizations for certain manufacturing services, and vendors for preclinical studies and other services and products for operating purposes, which are generally cancelable upon written notice.

***Legal Proceedings***

From time to time, we might be subject to various legal proceedings relating to claims arising out of our operations. The outcome of litigation is inherently uncertain. If one or more legal matters were resolved against us in a reporting period for amounts above management's expectations, our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows for that reporting period could be materially adversely affected. We are not currently involved in any material legal proceedings, the ultimate disposition of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial condition or cash flows.

**7. Restructuring** 

***October 2025 Restructuring***

On October 1, 2025, the Company announced a restructuring plan pursuant to which it reduced overall operating expenses to preserve cash. The restructuring included a reduction of the Company's current workforce by approximately 20 employees, or approximately 50% of the Company's workforce. The Company recorded a total restructuring charge of $1.5 million in connection with the reduction-in-force, primarily consisting of severance payments, employee benefits, and related costs. The Company expects that the $1.5 million represents the total restructuring charges to be incurred in connection with the plan and does not anticipate incurring any additional material charges.

------

The following table provides details on the Company's restructuring and other charges (in thousands):

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Liability balance, December 2025 | $744 |
| Adjustments in the period | (31) |
| Cash payments | (447) |
| Balance as of March 31, 2026 | $266 |

---

In December 2025, the Company assessed whether the October 2025 restructuring constituted a triggering event indicating potential impairment of its long-lived assets, including operating lease right-of-use assets and property and equipment. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that although impairment indicators were present, no impairment charge was necessary at that time.

**8. Stock-Based Compensation** 

***2021 Equity Incentive Plan and 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*** 

In January 2021, the Company's board of directors adopted the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2021 Plan") and the Company's stockholders approved the 2021 Plan. The 2021 Plan authorized issuance of up to 403,750 shares of common stock and it became effective upon the execution of the underwriting agreement for the Company's IPO. In addition, the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan automatically increases on the first day of January of each calendar year that commences after the 2021 Plan became effective and continuing through and including January 1, 2031, in an amount equal to 5% of the total number of shares of the Company's common stock outstanding on December 31, or a lesser number of shares determined by the Company's board of directors or compensation committee. As a result, common stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 Plan was increased by 96,028 shares on January 1, 2026.

In addition, in January 2021, the Company's board of directors and stockholders adopted the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"). The ESPP authorized issuance of up to 21,000 shares of common stock and it became effective upon the execution of the underwriting agreement for the Company's IPO. The ESPP permits participants to purchase common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation. Employees purchase shares of common stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value at the start or end of six-month purchase periods within the two-year offering period. In addition, the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP automatically increases on January 1 of each calendar year that commences after the ESPP became effective and continuing through and including January 1, 2031, by the lesser of (1) 1% of the total number of shares of the Company's common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, (2) 42,000 shares, and (3) a number of shares determined by the Company's board of directors. As a result, common stock reserved for issuance under the 2021 ESPP was increased by 19,205 shares on January 1, 2026. No shares were issued under the ESPP during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

***Stock-Based Compensation Expense*** 

The following table summarizes the components of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company's statement of operations and comprehensive loss (in thousands):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Research and development | $242 | $318 |
| General and administrative | 303 | 391 |
| Total | $545 | $709 |

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**9. Net Loss Per Share** 

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company's basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, which excludes shares which are legally outstanding, but subject to repurchase by the Company (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Numerator: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net loss | $(7244) | $(11040) |
| Denominator: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weighted average common shares outstanding | 1921300 | 1916943 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weighted average common stock outstanding subject to cancellation related to restricted stock units | (240855) |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted | 1680445 | 1916943 |
| Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted | $(4.31) | $(5.76) |

---

Potentially dilutive shares to be issued under the ESPP as of March 31, 2026 and 2025 were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because they would be anti-dilutive and were immaterial. In addition, potential dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in common stock equivalent shares):

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **As of March 31,** | **As of March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Common stock options issued and outstanding | 521172 | 540965 |
| Common stock outstanding subject to cancellation related to restricted stock units | 232500 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total | 753672 | 540965 |

---

**10. Segment Reporting**

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (CODM), in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company's CODM is its chief executive officer. Based on the information used by the CODM to allocate resources, the Company has determined it operates in one segment. The Company's operating segment generates revenue from its development agreement with Toray and Genmab, as described in Note 5.

The CODM assesses performance for the Company's operating segment and decides how to allocate resources based on the Company's cash runway and Net Loss that also is reported on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Income as Net Loss. Net loss is used to monitor budget versus actual results. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheets as total assets.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, all of the Company's property and equipment was maintained in the United States. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, all of the Company's revenue was generated and incurred in the United States.

------

Please refer to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to these measures of segment performance. In addition, research and development and general and administrative expenses are significant segment expenses regularly provided to the CODM with the following categories:

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
| Significant Segment Expenses: |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Personnel related costs | $2211 | $4687 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development expenses | 724 | 2816 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Clinical trial expenses | 998 | 1124 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative expenses | 1422 | 1766 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Facilities expense | 1524 | 1836 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock-based compensation expense | 545 | 709 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other segment expenses <sup>(Note A)</sup> | 203 | 399 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total segment expenses | 7627 | 13337 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total segment and operating expenses | $7627 | $13337 |

---

<sup>(Note A) Other segment expense include depreciation expense and other miscellaneous expenses.</sup>

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**SPECIAL Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements** 

*This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding:* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our expectations regarding the success of our development and commercialization strategy and our product candidates;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our expectations regarding the operation of our product candidates, collaborations and related benefits;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our beliefs regarding our industry;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our beliefs regarding the success, cost and timing of our product candidate development and collaboration activities and current and future clinical trials and studies;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our beliefs regarding the potential markets for our product candidates, collaborations and our and our collaborators' ability to serve those markets;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our ability to attract and retain key personnel;* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*our ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to complete further development and any commercialization of our product candidates; and* 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•*regulatory developments in the United States (the "U.S.") and foreign countries, with respect to our product candidates.* 

*These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance and achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.* 

*In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "anticipates," "believes," "continue," "could," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "may," "plans," "potential," "predicts," "should," "will," or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2026. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances, or otherwise.* 

*In addition, statements that "we believe" and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.*

*We have common law trademark rights in the unregistered marks "Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc.," "Boltbody," and the Bolt Biotherapeutics logo in certain jurisdictions. Solely for convenience, trademarks and tradenames referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q appear without the* <sup>®</sup> *and™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames.* 

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**Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.** 

*The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition as of March 31, 2026 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our other SEC filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2026. Except as otherwise indicated herein or as the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to "Bolt Bio," "the Company," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc.* 

**Overview** 

Our mission is to harness the power of the immune system to improve lives and eradicate cancer. This often means that our product candidates take new and unproven approaches to treating cancer. We believe that taking smart risks is critical to making breakthroughs. Our pipeline candidates are built on our deep expertise in myeloid biology and cancer drug development. Our various approaches use pattern recognition receptors expressed by the innate immune system to help the body eliminate tumor cells as part of a productive anti-cancer response. Our proprietary Boltbody™ Immune-Stimulating Antibody Conjugate, or ISAC, platform technology combines tumor-targeting antibodies with immune-stimulating linker-payloads. We believe this approach has the potential to create products that work with a patient's own immune system, resulting in anti-cancer activity with acceptable tolerability. Having explored more than one thousand distinct linker-payloads and multiple tumor targets, we know the importance of both the linker-payload and the antibody and have developed a library of linker-payloads for use in our own development programs and in our collaborations.

BDC-4182 is a next-generation Boltbody™ ISAC that targets the tumor-associated antigen claudin 18.2. Claudin 18.2 is a clinically validated target in oncology with zolbetuximab, a claudin 18.2-targeted monoclonal antibody, approved in Japan, the U.S., and other countries for the treatment of patients with claudin 18.2-positive, unresectable, advanced or recurrent gastric cancer in combination with chemotherapy. Other programs targeting claudin 18.2 are in development for the treatment of gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer, pancreatic cancer, and other tumor types. BDC-4182 is supported by in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrating potent anti-tumor activity in multiple preclinical models, safety and tolerability in toxicology studies, and enhanced anti-tumor activity compared to cytotoxic antibody-drug conjugates, or ADCs, in murine tumor models. Data on our claudin 18.2 Boltbody ISAC program was presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer's (SITC) Annual Meetings in November of 2025, 2024 and 2023. The first-in-human Phase 1/2 clinical trial of BDC-4182 is ongoing in subjects with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer.

In October 2025, we announced a restructuring plan pursuant to which we reduced our overall operating expenses in order to preserve cash. The restructuring included a reduction of our workforce by approximately 20 employees, or approximately 50% of our workforce. We incurred a restructuring charge of $1.5 million in one-time termination benefits, such as severance costs and related benefits. The reduction-in-force was complete by the end of 2025 and the associated charges were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2025. The severance payments commenced in October 2025 and are expected to extend through July 2026.

We have not recorded any revenue from product sales. To date, our only revenue has been derived from our collaboration agreements with partners. In March 2019, we entered into the Toray Agreement to jointly develop and commercialize a Boltbody ISAC utilizing a Toray proprietary antibody. In May 2021, we entered into an oncology research and development collaboration with Genmab to evaluate Genmab antibodies in combination with our immune-stimulating linker-payloads, with the goal of discovering and developing next-generation ISACs for the treatment of cancer. The research collaboration will evaluate multiple ISAC product candidate concepts with the potential to identify up to three clinical candidates for development. We expect our collaborations with Toray and Genmab to add additional novel ISACs to our pipeline.

We have incurred operating losses since our inception. Our net losses were $7.2 million and $11.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $468.0 million. Substantially all of our net losses have resulted from costs incurred in connection with our research and development programs and from general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future as we:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•conduct our ongoing and planned clinical trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•continue our research and development programs;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•continue our clinical, regulatory, quality and manufacturing capabilities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates; and

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•operate as a public company.

Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year, depending on the timing of our planned clinical trials and preclinical studies, and our expenditures on other research and development activities.

**Business Conditions and Macroeconomic Factors**

Macroeconomic factors, such as increased inflation and interest rates, financial and credit market fluctuations, changes in economic policy, global supply chain constraints, and recent and potential disruptions in access to bank deposits due to bank failures, have had, and we believe will continue to have, an impact on our business and results of operations. Similar, and perhaps more severe, disruptions in our operations could negatively impact our business, operating results and financial condition.

The effects of a pandemic or major geopolitical developments, and associated economic conditions, remain difficult to predict due to numerous uncertainties. We believe that the direct and indirect impacts of these business conditions and macroeconomic factors are difficult to isolate or quantify. See Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2026, and the Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for additional details. We will continue to closely monitor and evaluate the nature and extent of these macroeconomic factors on our business, unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations, and financial condition.

**Components of Results of Operations** 

***Revenue*** 

To date, our only revenue has been collaboration revenue derived from our collaboration agreements. Collaboration revenue is derived primarily from upfront payments, research funding, and reimbursement of costs incurred as we perform research and development services under these agreements.

Under these collaborations, we provide research, development, and related services in support of the discovery and early-stage development of oncology product candidates. Revenue is recognized over time based on our progress toward satisfying performance obligations, which is generally measured using inputs such as labor hours incurred and third-party costs.

We expect that any collaboration revenue we generate from our current collaborations, and from any future collaboration partners, will fluctuate in the future as a result of the timing and outcome of development activities and the timing and amount paid, including upfront and milestone payments, and other factors.

We have not generated any revenue from product sales, and we do not expect to generate any revenue from product sales unless and until we obtain regulatory approval of and commercialize one of our product candidates.

***Operating Expenses*** 

*Research and Development* 

Research and development expenses have related primarily to early research and discovery activities and to preclinical and clinical development of our product candidates. Research and development expenses are recognized as incurred and payments made prior to the receipt of goods or services to be used in research and development are capitalized until the goods or services are received.

Research and development expenses include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•costs related to manufacturing our product candidates for clinical trials and preclinical studies, including fees paid to third-party CDMOs;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•salaries, payroll taxes, employee benefits and stock-based compensation charges for those individuals involved in research and development efforts;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•external research and development expenses, including lab materials and supplies and payments to CROs, investigative sites, and consultants to conduct our clinical trials and preclinical and non-clinical studies; and

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•facilities and other allocated expenses which include direct and allocated expenses for rent, insurance, and other supplies.

Our direct research and development expenses consist principally of external costs, such as fees paid to CROs and consultants in connection with our clinical and preclinical studies and costs related to manufacturing materials for our studies. Since our inception and through March 31, 2026, the majority of our third-party expenses were related to the research and development of BDC-4182, BDC-3042, trastuzumab imbotolimod and other product candidates. With the exception of costs incurred to satisfy our performance obligations under our collaboration agreements, we do not allocate employee costs and costs associated with our discovery efforts, laboratory supplies, and facilities, including other indirect costs, to specific product candidates as these costs are associated with multiple programs and, as such, are not separately classified. We use internal resources primarily to conduct our research as well as for managing our preclinical development, process development, manufacturing, and clinical development activities. We deploy our personnel across all of our research and development activities and, as our employees work across multiple programs, we do not currently track our costs by product candidate.

We expect to continue to incur research and development expenses for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of our product candidates, particularly as product candidates in later stages of development generally have higher development costs. We cannot determine with certainty the timing of initiation, the duration or the completion costs of future clinical trials and preclinical studies of our product candidates due to the inherently unpredictable nature of clinical and preclinical development. Clinical and preclinical development timelines, and the probability of success and development costs can differ materially from expectations.

We anticipate that we will make determinations as to which product candidates and development programs to pursue and how much funding to direct to each product candidate or program on an ongoing basis in response to the results of ongoing and future preclinical studies and clinical trials, regulatory developments, and our ongoing assessments of each product candidate's commercial potential. We will need to raise substantial additional capital in the future. In addition, we cannot forecast which product candidates may be subject to future collaborations, when such arrangements will be secured, if at all, and to what degree such arrangements would affect our development plans and capital requirements.

Our future clinical development costs may vary significantly based on factors such as:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the number and scope of preclinical and IND-enabling studies;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•per-patient trial costs;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the number of trials required for approval;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the number of sites included in the trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the countries in which the trials are conducted;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the length of time required to enroll eligible patients;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the number of patients who participate in the trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the number of doses that patients receive;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the drop-out or discontinuation rates of patients;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•potential additional safety monitoring requested by regulatory agencies;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the duration of patient participation in the trials and through all follow-up;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the cost and timing of manufacturing our product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the phase of development of our product candidates; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the safety and efficacy profile of our product candidates.

*General and Administrative* 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and employee-related costs, including stock-based compensation, for personnel in executive, finance, and other administrative functions. Other significant costs include legal fees relating to intellectual property and corporate matters, professional fees for accounting and consulting services, and facility-related costs. We expect to continue to incur general and administrative expenses for the foreseeable future to support our ongoing research and development activities and the costs of operating as a public company. These costs will likely include

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expenses related to audit, legal, regulatory, and tax-related services associated with maintaining compliance with Nasdaq and SEC requirements, director and officer insurance premiums and investor relations costs associated with operating as a public company.

***Other Income, Net*** 

*Interest Income, Net* 

Interest income consists of interest income from our marketable securities investments.

*Other Income*

Other income consists of income earned from miscellaneous activities not core to our business.

**Results of Operations** 

***Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025***

---

| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** | **Change** |
|  | **(Unaudited, in thousands)** | **(Unaudited, in thousands)** | **(Unaudited, in thousands)** |
| Collaboration revenue | $26 | $1222 | $(1196) |
| Operating expenses: |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Research and development | 4829 | 9512 | (4683) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General and administrative | 2798 | 3825 | (1027) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total operating expenses | 7627 | 13337 | (5710) |
| Loss from operations | (7601) | (12115) | 4514 |
| Other income (expense), net: |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Interest income, net | 276 | 1053 | (777) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other income, net | 81 | 22 | 59 |
| Total other income, net | 357 | 1075 | (718) |
| Net loss | $(7244) | $(11040) | $3796 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Net unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities | 10 | (57) | 67 |
| Comprehensive loss | $(7234) | $(11097) | $3863 |

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*Collaboration Revenue* 

Revenue was $26,000 and $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease in revenue is primarily due to limited activities with our collaboration partners. Our revenue in 2025 was due to continued progress in our collaborations as we fulfill our performance obligations to our collaboration partners. We expect our collaboration revenue to vary from period to period, and we may have periods of little to no activity depending on the development timeline and activities with our collaboration partners.

*Research and Development Expenses* 

Research and development expenses were $4.8 million and $9.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease was due to $1.8 million in lower personnel-related expenses due to a decrease in headcount related to the reduction in workforce, $1.3 million in lower research and development lab supplies and contract services expense, $0.7 million in lower facility expenses, $0.6 million in lower manufacturing expenses related to the timing of batch production of our product candidates, $0.2 million in lower clinical expenses and lower consulting and professional services.

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*General and Administrative Expenses* 

General and administrative expenses were $2.8 million and $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease was due to $0.9 million in lower personnel-related expenses due to a decrease in headcount related to the reduction in workforce, a decrease of $0.3 million in lower consulting and professional services, offset by $0.2 million in higher facility expenses.

***Other Income, Net*** 

*Interest Income, Net* 

Interest income was $0.3 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The decrease in our interest income, net was due to less cash being invested compared to the prior year and a decrease in interest rates.

*Other Income*

Other income was $0.1 million and $22,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Other income did not change significantly from the prior year.

**Liquidity and Capital Resources** 

***Sources of Liquidity*** 

We have incurred net losses, $7.2 million and $11.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and negative cash flows from operations since our inception, with an accumulated deficit of $468.0 million as of March 31, 2026, and we anticipate continuing to incur net operating losses and negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future. Under our current operating plans, we believe our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities of $23.9 million as of March 31, 2026 may be sufficient to fund our operations into early 2027. As a result, we have concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the issuance of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

We evaluated our current cash position, historical results, forecasted cash flows and plans with regard to liquidity. Our investment policy prioritizes preservation of principal and availability of cash to meet cash flow requirements, and maximizing total net returns after satisfying the first two conditions. Our policy only allows for investments in fixed-income instruments such as corporate bonds and government securities. We believe we will meet longer-term expected future cash requirements and obligations through a combination of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances, and equity or debt financings or other capital sources, including potential collaborations, licenses, and other similar arrangements, however, there can be no assurance the additional sources will be available at favorable terms or at all.

***Summary Cash Flows***

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for each of the periods indicated:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | **Three Months Ended March 31,** | **Three Months Ended March 31,** |
|  | **2026** | **2025** |
|  | **(Unaudited, in thousands)** | **(Unaudited, in thousands)** |
| Net cash (used in) provided by |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating activities | $(8023) | $(13365) |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Investing activities | 7923 | 14551 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Financing activities | 6 |  |
| Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $(94) | $1186 |

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***Operating Activities*** 

Net cash used in operating activities was $8.0 million and $13.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was due to our net loss of $7.2 million, adjusted down for $1.3 million of non-cash charges and up for a $2.1 million change in operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges were comprised of $0.5 million for stock-based compensation, $0.7 million of non-cash lease-related expense, and $0.2 million for depreciation and amortization expense. The change in net operating assets was primarily

------

due to a $1.4 million decrease in our accounts payable and accrued expenses, a $0.7 million decrease in operating lease liabilities, and a $0.1 million increase in our prepaid expenses and other current assets. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was due to our net loss of $11.0 million, adjusted down for $1.2 million of non-cash charges and up for a $3.6 million change in operating assets and liabilities. The non-cash charges were comprised of $0.7 million for stock-based compensation, $0.6 million of non-cash lease-related expense, $0.4 million for depreciation and amortization expense, $0.3 million gain on sale of property and equipment, partially offset by $0.2 million for accretion of discount on marketable securities. The change in net operating assets was due to a $2.5 million decrease in our accounts payable and accrued expenses, a $0.5 million decrease in our deferred revenue, a $0.5 million decrease in our operating lease liabilities, and a $0.2 million increase in our prepaid expenses and other current assets, offset by a $0.1 million increase in other assets.

***Investing Activities*** 

Net cash provided by investing activities was $7.9 million and $14.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was due to $9.1 million in maturities of marketable securities offset by $1.2 million in purchases of marketable securities. The net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was due to $14.6 million in maturities of marketable securities and $1.0 million in proceeds from sales of property and equipment, offset by $1.0 million in purchases of marketable securities.

***Financing Activities*** 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $6,000 and zero for three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The net cash provided by financing activities for three months ended March 31, 2026 was due to net proceeds from the issuance of common stock from stock options.

***Funding Requirements*** 

Based upon our current operating plans, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities may be sufficient to fund our operations into early 2027. As a result, we have concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the filing of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

See Note 2 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information on our assessment. Similarly, our independent registered public accounting firm included an explanatory paragraph in its report on our financial statements, as of and for the year ended, December 31, 2025, describing the existence of substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We will need to raise additional capital to continue the advancement of our programs. In the near term, our primary uses of cash will be to fund the completion of key milestones for clinical programs and to fund our operations, including research and development activities and employee salaries. This includes significant costs relating to clinical trials and manufacturing our product candidates. Our uses of cash in the long term will be similar as we advance our research and development activities and pay employee salaries. Most pharmaceutical products require larger clinical trials as development progresses, and we expect our funding requirements to grow with the advancement of our programs. Our long-term funding requirements will depend on many factors, which are uncertain but include our portfolio prioritization decisions and the success of our collaborations. In turn, our ability to raise additional capital through equity or partnering will depend on the general economic environment in which we operate and our ability to achieve key milestones. Our forecast of the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement that involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary materially. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could deplete our capital resources sooner than we expect. Additionally, the process of testing product candidates in clinical trials is costly, and the timing of progress and expenses in these trials is uncertain.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the type, number, scope, progress, expansions, results, costs and timing of our clinical trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the type, number, scope, results, costs, and timing of preclinical studies for our product candidates or other potential product candidates or indications which we are pursuing or may choose to pursue in the future;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the outcome, timing and costs of regulatory review of our product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the costs and timing of manufacturing for our product candidates, including commercial manufacturing;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•our efforts to enhance operational systems and hire additional personnel to satisfy our obligations as a public company, including enhanced internal controls over financial reporting;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the costs associated with hiring additional personnel and consultants as our preclinical and clinical activities increase;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the costs and timing of establishing or securing sales and marketing capabilities if any product candidate is approved;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•our ability to achieve sufficient market acceptance, coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payors and adequate market share and revenue for any approved products;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•patients' willingness to pay out-of-pocket for any approved products in the absence of coverage and/or adequate reimbursement from third-party payors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the terms and timing of establishing and maintaining collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•the costs of obtaining, maintaining, defending, and enforcing our patent and other intellectual property rights; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;•costs associated with any product candidates, products, or technologies that we may in-license or acquire.

Until such time as we can generate significant revenue from sales of our product candidates, if ever, we expect to finance our cash needs through equity or debt financings or other capital sources, including potential collaborations, licenses, the sale of future royalties, and other similar arrangements. However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements on favorable terms or at all. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be or could be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our common stockholders. Debt financing and equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, or declaring dividends. If we raise funds through collaborations, or other similar arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our product candidates, future revenue streams or research programs or may have to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us and/or may reduce the value of our common stock. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market our product candidates even if we would otherwise prefer to develop and market such product candidates ourselves.

**Contractual Obligations and Commitments** 

Refer to Note 5 Collaborations and Note 6 Commitments and Contingencies, to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information regarding our contractual obligations and commitments.

**Critical Accounting Estimates**

Our management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

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**Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk** 

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information under this item.

**Item 4. Controls and Procedures.** 

**Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures** 

Based on their evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of March 31, 2026.

**Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting** 

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2026 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

**PART II OTHER INFORMATION**

**Item 1. Legal Proceedings.** 

From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. There are currently no claims or actions pending against us, the ultimate disposition of which we believe could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

**Item 1A. Risk Factors.** 

There are no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2026.

**Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.** 

**Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.** 

None.

**Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.** 

None.

**Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.** 

Not applicable.

**Item 5. Other Information.** 

None.

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**Item 6. Exhibits** The following is a list of Exhibits filed, furnished or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:

**EXHIBIT INDEX** 

---

| | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Incorporated By Reference** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Incorporated By Reference** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Incorporated By Reference** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Incorporated By Reference** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Incorporated By Reference** |
| **Exhibit**<br>**Number** | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Description of Exhibit** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Form** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**File No.** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Exhibit** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Filing Date** | &nbsp;&nbsp;**Filed<br>Herewith** |
| &nbsp;&nbsp; 3.1 | [<u>Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as currently in effect.</u>](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1641281/000119312521034375/d68629dex31.htm) | &nbsp;&nbsp;8-K | &nbsp;&nbsp;001-39988 | &nbsp;&nbsp;3.1 | &nbsp;&nbsp;2/9/2021 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp; 3.2 | [<u>Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, as currently in effect.</u>](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1641281/000119312521010049/d58029dex34.htm) | &nbsp;&nbsp;8-K | &nbsp;&nbsp;001-39988 | &nbsp;&nbsp;3.1 | &nbsp;&nbsp;4/16/2025 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp; 4.1 | Reference is made to Exhibits [<u>3.1</u>](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1641281/000119312521034375/d68629dex31.htm) and [<u>3.2</u>](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1641281/000119312521010049/d58029dex34.htm). |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp; 4.2 | [<u>Form of common stock certificate of the Registrant.</u>](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1641281/000119312521010049/d58029dex41.htm) | &nbsp;&nbsp;S-1 | &nbsp;&nbsp;333-252136 | &nbsp;&nbsp;4.1 | &nbsp;&nbsp;1/15/2021 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;31.1 | [<u>Certification of Principal Executive and Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</u>](bolt-ex31_1.htm) |  |  |  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;X |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;32.1† | [<u>Certification of Principal Executive and Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</u>](bolt-ex32_1.htm) |  |  |  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;X |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |  |  |  |  |  |

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† The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 that accompany this Form 10-Q, are deemed furnished and not filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

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**SIGNATURES**

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  | BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. | BOLT BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. |
| Date: May 12, 2026 | By: | /s/ William P. Quinn |
|  |  | William P. Quinn<br>President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  | (Principal Executive and Financial Officer) |

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## Exhibit 31.1

**Exhibit 31.1**

**CERTIFICATIONS**

I, William P. Quinn, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Date: May 12, 2026 | &nbsp;&nbsp;By: | &nbsp;&nbsp;/s/ William P. Quinn |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;William P. Quinn |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;(Principal Executive and Financial Officer) |

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## Exhibit 32.1

**Exhibit 32.1**

**CERTIFICATIONS**

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Bolt Biotherapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") for the period ended March 31, 2026 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned, William P. Quinn, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that to his knowledge:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;Date: May 12, 2026 | &nbsp;&nbsp;By: | &nbsp;&nbsp;/s/ William P. Quinn |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;William P. Quinn |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  | &nbsp;&nbsp;(Principal Executive and Financial Officer) |

---

------