# EDGAR Filing Document

**Accession Number:** 0001622229
**File Stem:** 0001193125-25-272499
**Filing Date:** 2025-11
**Character Count:** 393824
**Document Hash:** d039182479bd08de7378977a087f62e7
**Contains OCR:** False
**Source Format:** 

## Filing Content

## Filing Summary
**0001193125-25-272499.hdr.sgml**: 20251107

**ACCESSION NUMBER**: 0001193125-25-272499

**CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE**: S-3ASR

**PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT**: 21

**FILED AS OF DATE**: 20251107

**DATE AS OF CHANGE**: 20251107

**EFFECTIVENESS DATE**: 20251107

**FILER**: 

**COMPANY DATA:**
- **COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:** Cogent Biosciences, Inc.
- **CENTRAL INDEX KEY:** 0001622229
- **STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:** PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
- **ORGANIZATION NAME:** 03 Life Sciences
- **EIN:** 465308248
- **STATE OF INCORPORATION:** DE
- **FISCAL YEAR END:** 1231

**FILING VALUES:**
- **FORM TYPE:** S-3ASR
- **SEC ACT:** 1933 Act
- **SEC FILE NUMBER:** 333-291384
- **FILM NUMBER:** 251463278

**BUSINESS ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 275 WYMAN STREET
- **STREET 2:** 3RD FLOOR
- **CITY:** WALTHAM
- **STATE:** MA
- **ZIP:** 02451
- **BUSINESS PHONE:** 617-945-5576

**MAIL ADDRESS:**
- **STREET 1:** 275 WYMAN STREET
- **STREET 2:** 3RD FLOOR
- **CITY:** WALTHAM
- **STATE:** MA
- **ZIP:** 02451

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Unum Therapeutics Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20180402

**FORMER COMPANY:**
- **FORMER CONFORMED NAME:** Unum Therapeutics, Inc.
- **DATE OF NAME CHANGE:** 20141014

**As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 7, 2025.** 

**Registration No. 333-** 

**UNITED STATES** 

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION** 

**Washington, D.C. 20549** 

**FORM S-3** 

**REGISTRATION STATEMENT** 

***UNDER***

***THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933***

## COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.
**(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)** 

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Delaware** | **2834** | **46-5308248** |
| **(State or other jurisdiction of**<br> **incorporation or organization)** | **(Primary Standard Industrial**<br> **Classification Code Number)** | **(I.R.S. Employer**<br> **Identification Number)** |

---

**275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor** 

**Waltham, Massachusetts 02451** 

**(617) 945-5576** 

**(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)** 

**Andrew Robbins** 

**President and Chief Executive Officer** 

**Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** 

**275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor** 

**Waltham, Massachusetts 02451** 

**(617) 945-5576** 

**(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)** 

***Copies to:***

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Ryan A. Murr** | **Evan D. Kearns** |
| **Branden C. Berns** | **Chief Legal Officer** |
| **Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP** | **Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** |
| **One Embarcadero, Suite 2600** | **275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor** |
| **San Francisco, CA 94111-3715** | **Waltham, Massachusetts 02451** |
| **(415) 393-8373** | **(617) 945-5576** |

---

**Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:** From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box: ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☒

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

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| | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

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**EXPLANATORY NOTE** 

This registration statement contains the following documents:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• a base prospectus which covers the offering, issuance and sale by us of an indeterminate amount of common stock,
preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units, in each case from time to time in one or more offerings; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• a sales agreement prospectus supplement covering the offering, issuance and sale by us of up to a maximum
aggregate offering price of $300,000,000 of our common stock that may be issued and sold under that certain Sales Agreement, dated May 6, 2022, as amended by that certain Amendment No. 1 to Sales Agreement, dated November 7, 2025, with
Guggenheim Securities, LLC (as amended, the "Sales Agreement").

The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus other than the shares under the Sales Agreement will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus. The specific terms of the securities to be issued and sold under the Sales Agreement are specified in the Sales Agreement prospectus supplement that immediately follows the base prospectus.

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**PROSPECTUS**![LOGO](g85082g99p03.jpg)

**COMMON STOCK** 

**PREFERRED STOCK** 

**DEBT SECURITIES** 

**WARRANTS** 

**UNITS** 

From time to time, we may issue, in one or more series or classes, an indeterminate number of shares of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and/or units, at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of the offering.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities, we will provide specific terms of the securities offered in a supplement to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. We may not sell any securities under this prospectus without delivery of the applicable prospectus supplement. If information in any prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the information in this prospectus, then the information in that prospectus supplement will apply and will supersede the information in this prospectus.

You should read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus carefully, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before you invest in any of the securities being offered.

Our shares of common stock are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "COGT". The last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 6, 2025 was $14.72 per share. We recommend that you obtain current market quotations for our common stock prior to making an investment decision.

**Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading *"*[Risk Factors](#toc85082_4)*"* contained in this prospectus beginning on page 5 and any applicable prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.** 

**Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.** 

**Prospectus dated November 7, 2025** 

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**Table of Contents** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Page** |
|  [ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS](#toc85082_1) | 1 |
|  [CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS](#toc85082_2) | 2 |
|  [THE COMPANY](#toc85082_3) | 4 |
|  [RISK FACTORS](#toc85082_4) | 5 |
|  [USE OF PROCEEDS](#toc85082_5) | 6 |
|  [SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER](#toc85082_6) | 7 |
|  [DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK](#toc85082_7) | 8 |
|  [DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES](#toc85082_8) | 12 |
|  [DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS](#toc85082_9) | 18 |
|  [DESCRIPTION OF UNITS](#toc85082_10) | 19 |
|  [PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION](#toc85082_11) | 22 |
|  [LEGAL MATTERS](#toc85082_12) | 24 |
|  [EXPERTS](#toc85082_13) | 24 |
|  [WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION](#toc85082_14) | 25 |
|  [INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE](#toc85082_15) | 26 |

---

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**ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS** 

This prospectus is part of an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC" or the "Commission"), as a "well-known seasoned issuer" as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") utilizing a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus from time to time in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.

Each time we sell securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in any documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You should carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information under the headings "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation by Reference."

We have not authorized anyone to provide you with any information other than that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, along with the information contained in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. This prospectus, any applicable supplement to this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus, any applicable supplement to this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction.

You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is delivered, or securities are sold, on a later date.

Unless the context otherwise requires, we use the terms "Cogent," "Company," "we," "us," and "our" in this prospectus to refer to Cogent Biosciences, Inc. and, where appropriate, our subsidiaries.

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**CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS** 

This prospectus, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). All statements, other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plan, objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "may," "should," "expects," "might," "plans," "anticipates," "could," "intends," "target," "projects," "contemplates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "seek," "would" or "continue," or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Some of the key factors that could cause actual results to differ from our expectations include, but are not limited to, the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the potential impacts of raising additional capital, including dilution to our existing stockholders,
restrictions on our operations or requirements that we relinquish rights to our technologies or product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the success, cost, and duration of our product development activities and clinical trials, including the
enrollment rates in our clinical trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the timing of our planned regulatory submissions to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for our bezuclastinib
product candidate and any other product candidates we may develop;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval for our bezuclastinib product candidate and any other
product candidates we may develop, and any related restrictions, limitations, and/or warnings in the label of an approved product candidate;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the potential for our identified research priorities to advance our bezuclastinib product candidate or for our
teams to discover and develop additional product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the ability to license additional intellectual property rights relating to our bezuclastinib product candidate or
future product candidates from third parties and to comply with our existing or future license agreements and/or collaboration agreements;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to commercialize our bezuclastinib product candidate and future product candidates in light of the
intellectual property rights of others;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to complete further discovery,
development and commercialization of our existing and future product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the scalability and commercial viability of our manufacturing methods and processes;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the commercialization of our product candidates, if approved;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to attract collaborators with development, regulatory, and commercialization expertise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• future agreements with third parties in connection with the commercialization of our product candidates and any
other approved product;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates, and our ability to serve those markets;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the rate and degree of market acceptance of our product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if approved;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries, including pharmaceutical and biological
product marketing regulation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the impact of adverse business and economic conditions including inflationary pressures, general economic
slowdown or a recession, high interest rates, changes in monetary policy, banking institution instability, changes in trade policies, including tariffs or other trade restrictions or the threat of such actions, and the prospect of a, or any then
ongoing, shutdown of the U.S. federal government;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to contract with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their ability to perform adequately;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the development and success of competing therapies that are or may be under development in clinical trials or
become available commercially;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to attract and retain key scientific and management personnel;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, and needs for additional
financing;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our use of the proceeds from our private placements, sales of our preferred stock and other public offerings of
our common stock from time to time;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the fact that interim clinical data may not be indicative of future results; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our expectations regarding our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our
bezuclastinib product candidate and future product candidates.

These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, information incorporated by reference herein or therein, and any related free-writing prospectus. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are made as of the date of hereof and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

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**THE COMPANY** 

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing precision therapies for genetically defined diseases. Our approach is to design rational precision therapies that treat the underlying cause of disease and improve the lives of patients. Our most advanced program is bezuclastinib, also known as CGT9486, a highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is designed to potently inhibit the KIT D816V mutation as well as other mutations in KIT exon 17. In the vast majority of cases, KIT D816V is responsible for driving Systemic Mastocytosis ("SM"), a serious and rare disease caused by unchecked proliferation of mast cells. Exon 17 mutations are also found in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors ("GIST"), a type of cancer with strong dependence on oncogenic KIT signaling. Bezuclastinib is a highly selective and potent KIT inhibitor with the potential to provide a new treatment option for these patient populations. We are developing bezuclastinib to treat patients living with Non-Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis ("Non-AdvSM"), Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis ("AdvSM") and GIST. We also have an ongoing Phase 1 study of our novel internally developed FGFR2 inhibitor. In addition to bezuclastinib, the Cogent Research Team is developing a portfolio of novel targeted therapies to help patients fighting serious, genetically driven diseases initially targeting mutations in ErbB2, PI3K, KRAS, and JAK2.

For more information about our business, please see our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as supplemented and updated by subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K that we have filed or will file with the SEC, and in other documents which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

**Corporate Information** 

We were incorporated in March 2014 under the laws of the State of Delaware. We completed our initial public offering in April 2018, and in July 2020 we completed the asset acquisition of Kiq Bio LLC (formerly Kiq LLC) and shifted our development to bezuclastinib, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor licensed from Plexxikon, Inc. In October 2020, we changed our name to Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

Our principal executive office is located at 275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, and our telephone number is (617) 945-5576. Our corporate website address is *www.cogentbio.com*. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, and you should not consider any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement in deciding whether to purchase our securities.

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**RISK FACTORS** 

Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as supplemented and updated by subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K that we have filed or will file with the SEC, and in other documents which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as well as the risk factors and other information contained in or incorporated by reference into any accompanying prospectus supplement before investing in any of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks. The risks and uncertainties described in the documents incorporated by reference herein are not the only risks and uncertainties that you may face.

For more information about our SEC filings, please see "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference."

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**USE OF PROCEEDS** 

We will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby. Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus, the net proceeds from the sale by us of the securities to which this prospectus relates will be used for development and regulatory activities relating to bezuclastinib and other product candidates, the anticipated commercial launch and commercialization of bezuclastinib, as well as for working capital and general corporate purposes. Our expected use of proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby represents our current intentions based on our present plans and business condition. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot predict with certainty all of the particular uses for the proceeds to be received from the sale of the securities offered hereby or the amounts that we will actually spend on the uses set forth above.

Pending the use of the net proceeds, we may invest the proceeds in interest-bearing, investment-grade securities, certificates of deposit or government securities. When we offer and sell the securities to which this prospectus relates, the prospectus supplement related to such offering will set forth our intended use of the proceeds, if any, received from the sale of such securities.

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**SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER** 

This prospectus contains summary descriptions of the securities we may offer from time to time. These summary descriptions are not meant to be complete descriptions of each security. The particular terms of any security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

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**DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK** 

The following is a summary of the material terms of our capital stock, as well as other material terms of certain provisions of Delaware law, our fourth amended and restated certificate of incorporation (as amended from time to time, our "certificate of incorporation"), and our amended and restated bylaws ("bylaws"), both of which are filed as exhibits to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC, and are incorporated by reference herein. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws. For more information on how you can obtain our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, see the heading "Where You Can Find More Information."

Our authorized capital stock consists of 300,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, 1,000,000 of which are designated as Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series A Preferred Stock"), 20,580 of which are designated as Series B Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series B Preferred Stock") and 8,979,420 of which shares of preferred stock are undesignated.

**Common Stock** 

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. The holders of our common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Our common stock has no preemptive rights, conversion rights, or other subscription rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions.

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of all debts and other liabilities and any liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. The shares to be issued by us in this offering will be, when issued and paid for, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

All outstanding shares of common stock are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and any issued shares of common stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

**Series A Preferred Stock** 

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends on shares of Series A Preferred Stock equal to, on an as-if-converted-to-common-stock basis, and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of the common stock. Except as otherwise required by law, the Series A Preferred Stock does not have voting rights. However, as long as any shares of Series A Preferred Stock are outstanding, we will not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, (a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series A Preferred Stock, (b) alter or amend the certificate of designations of Series A Preferred Stock ("Series A Certificate of Designations"), (c) amend its certificate of incorporation or other charter documents in any manner that adversely affects any rights of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock, (d) increase the number of authorized shares of Series A Preferred Stock, (e) prior to the stockholder approval of the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock into shares of common stock (which stockholder approval has been received) or at any time while at least 40% of the originally issued Series A Preferred Stock remains issued and outstanding, consummate a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Certificate of Designation) or (f) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing. The Series A Preferred Stock does not have a preference upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, and are not be redeemable.

Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of common stock at any time at the option of the holder thereof, into 250 shares of common stock, subject to certain limitations, including that a holder of

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Series A Preferred Stock is prohibited from converting shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of common stock if, as a result of such conversion, such holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own more than a specified percentage (as established by the holder between 4.9% and 19.9%) of the total number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding immediately after giving effect to such conversion.

As of September 30, 2025, 95,911 shares of Series A Preferred Stock have been converted to common stock and 67,414 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

**Series B Preferred Stock** 

Holders of Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends on shares of Series B Preferred Stock equal to, on an as-if-converted-to-common stock basis, and in the same form as dividends actually paid on shares of the common stock. Except as otherwise required by law, the Series B Preferred Stock does not have voting rights. However, as long as any shares of Series B Preferred Stock are outstanding, we will not, without the affirmative vote of each of the holders of the then outstanding shares of the Series B Preferred Stock, (a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series B Preferred Stock, (b) alter or amend the certificate of designations of Series B Preferred Stock ("Series B Certificate of Designations"), or (c) amend its certificate of incorporation or other charter documents in any manner that adversely affects any rights of the holders of Series B Preferred Stock . The Series B Preferred Stock does not have a preference upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company.

Each share of Series B Preferred Stock is convertible into 1,000 shares of common stock, subject to certain limitations, including that a holder of Series B Preferred Stock is prohibited from converting shares of Series B Preferred Stock into shares of common stock if, as a result of such conversion, such holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own more than a specified percentage (to be established by the holder between 0% and 19.9%) of the total number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding immediately after giving effect to such conversion.

As of September 30, 2025, 13,712 shares of Series B Preferred Stock have been converted to common stock and 6,868 shares of Series B Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

**Preferred Stock** 

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 8,979,420 additional shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting, or the designation of, such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of common stock. The issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend payments and payments upon our liquidation. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company or other corporate action. Other than the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, no shares of preferred stock are outstanding, and we have no present plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.

**Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws** 

***Anti-Takeover Effects of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Delaware Law***

Certain provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law and of our certificate of incorporation and by laws could have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover

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practices and inadequate takeover bids and, as a consequence, they might also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions are also designed in part to encourage anyone seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. These provisions might also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. However, we believe that the advantages gained by protecting our ability to negotiate with any unsolicited and potentially unfriendly acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging such proposals, including those priced above the then-current market value of our common stock, because, among other reasons, the negotiation of such proposals could improve their terms.

***Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law***

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a three-year period following the time that this stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Under Section 203, a business combination between a corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• before the stockholder became interested, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the
transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the
interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and
also officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances, but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• at or after the time the stockholder became interested, the business combination was approved by our board of
directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a business combination to include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any sale, transfer, lease, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the
assets of the corporation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock
of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• subject to exceptions, any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the
proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other
financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.

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***Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws***

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in our control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares or transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price of our common stock. Among other things, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• permit our board of directors to issue up to an additional 8,979,420 shares of preferred stock, with any rights,
preferences and privileges as they may designate;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution adopted by a majority of the
board of directors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide that the board of directors or any individual director may only be removed with cause and the affirmative
vote of the holders of at least 66.67% of the voting power of all of our then outstanding common stock;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• divide our board of directors into three classes;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other
financial benefits provided by or through the corporation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• require that any action to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special
meeting of stockholders and not be taken by written consent or electronic transmission;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide that stockholders seeking to present proposals before a meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates
for election as directors at a meeting of stockholders must provide notice in writing in a timely manner and also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder's notice;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• do not provide for cumulative voting rights (therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of common
stock entitled to vote in any election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the chairperson of the board, our chief
executive officer, or by the board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors (whether or not there exists any vacancies); and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any
derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors or officers to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the us
arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

The amendment of any of these provisions, with the exception of the ability of our board of directors to issue shares of preferred stock and designate any rights, preferences, and privileges thereto, would require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66.67% of the voting power of all of our then outstanding common stock.

**Transfer Agent and Registrar** 

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. serves as the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock.

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**DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES** 

We may issue debt securities under an indenture to be entered into between us and a trustee chosen by us, qualified to act as such under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act") and appointed under the indenture. The indenture will consist of a base indenture (the "base indenture") as supplemented by a supplemental indenture or authorizing resolution setting forth the specific terms of any debt securities we may issue. References below to an "indenture" are references to the base indenture, as supplemented, under which a particular series of debt securities is issued. The indenture will be governed by the Trust Indenture Act unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth the terms of any such debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The following is a summary of the base indenture. It does not restate the base indenture entirely. We urge you to read the indenture. We have filed the form of base indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and we will file the base indenture we enter into and the supplemental indentures or authorizing resolutions with respect to particular series of debt securities as exhibits to current or other reports we file with the SEC. See "Where You Can Find More Information" for information on how to obtain copies of the base indenture and the supplemental indentures or authorizing resolutions. You may also inspect copies of the documents for the particular series at the office of the trustee.

**Terms of the Debt Securities** 

Our debt securities will be general obligations of Cogent Biosciences, Inc. We may issue them in one or more series. Supplemental indentures or authorizing resolutions will set forth the specific terms of each series of debt securities. We will provide a prospectus supplement for each series of debt securities that will describe:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the title of the series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the aggregate principal amount (or any limit on the aggregate principal amount) of the series and, if any
securities of a series are to be issued at a discount from their face amount, or with a premium, the method of computing the accretion of such discount or computing such premium;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the interest rate or method of calculation of the interest rate;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the date from which interest will accrue;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the record dates for interest payable on securities of the series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the dates when, places where and manner in which principal and interest are payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if there is more than one trustee or a trustee other than the trustee under the base indenture, the identity of
the trustee and, if not the trustee, the identity of each registrar, paying agent or authenticating agent with respect to such securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the terms of any mandatory (including any sinking fund requirements) or optional redemption by the company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the terms of any redemption at the option of holders;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the permissible denominations in which securities of such series are issuable, if different from minimum
denominations of $2,000 and multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether securities of such series will be issued in registered or bearer form and the terms of any such forms of
securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether the securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or
securities, the terms and conditions, if different from those contained in the base indenture, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for definitive securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the depositary for such global security or securities;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the form of any legend or legends, if any, to be borne by any such global security or securities in addition to
or in lieu of the legends referred to the base indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the currency or currencies (including any composite currency) in which principal or interest or both may be paid;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if payments of principal or interest may be made in a currency other than that in which securities of such series
are denominated, the manner for determining such payments, including the time and manner of determining the exchange rate between the currency in which such securities are denominated and the currency in which such securities or any of them may be
paid, and any deletions from or modifications of or additions to the terms of the indenture to provide for or to facilitate the issuance of securities denominated or payable, at the election of the company or a holder thereof or otherwise, in a
foreign currency;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether the amount of payments of principal of or any interest on, such securities may be determined with
reference to an index, formula, financial or economic measure or other method or methods (which index, formula, measure or method or methods may be based, without limitation, on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices)
and if so, the terms and conditions upon which and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined and paid or be payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provisions for electronic issuance of securities or issuance of securities of such series in uncertificated form;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any events of default, covenants, defined terms and/or other terms in addition to or in lieu of those set forth
in the base indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether and upon what terms securities of such series may be defeased or discharged if different from the
provisions set forth in the base indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the form of the securities of such series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any terms that may be required by or advisable under applicable law;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the percentage of the principal amount of the securities of such series which is payable if the maturity of the
securities of such series is accelerated in the case of securities issued at a discount from their face amount;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether securities of such series will or will not have the benefit of guarantees and, if applicable, the terms
and conditions upon which such guarantees may be subordinated to other indebtedness of the respective guarantors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether the securities of such series are senior or subordinated debt securities, and if subordinated debt
securities, the terms of such subordination;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• whether the securities of the series will be convertible into or exchangeable for other securities, common stock,
other securities, cash or property of any kind of the company or another person or persons, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the initial conversion or exchange price or
rate or the method of calculation, how and when the conversion price or exchange ratio may be adjusted, whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at the company's option, the conversion or exchange period, and
any other provision in relation thereto; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any other terms in addition to or different from those contained in the base indenture applicable to such series.

The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe any material covenants to which a series of debt securities will be subject and the applicability of those covenants to any of our subsidiaries to be restricted thereby, which are referred to herein as "restricted subsidiaries." The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe provisions for restricted subsidiaries to cease to be restricted by those covenants.

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**Events of Default and Remedies** 

Unless otherwise described in the applicable prospectus supplement, an event of default with respect to any series of debt securities will be defined in the indenture as being:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our failure to pay interest on any debt security of such series when the same becomes due and payable and the
continuance of any such failure for a period of 30 days;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our failure to pay the principal or premium of any debt security of such series when the same becomes due and
payable at maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our failure to comply with any of our agreements or covenants in, or provisions of, the debt securities of such
series or the indenture (as they relate thereto) and such failure continues for a period of 90 days after our receipt of notice of the default from the trustee or from the holders of at least 25 percent in aggregate principal amount of the then
outstanding debt securities of that series; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur with respect to us.

The base indenture will provide that the trustee shall be protected in withholding notice to the holders of any series of debt securities of any default, except a default in payment of principal or interest, if any, with respect to such series of debt securities, if the trustee determines that it is in the interest of the holders of such series of debt securities to do so.

The base indenture will provide that if any event of default has occurred and is continuing with respect to any series of debt securities (other than an event of default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization), the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of such series of debt securities then outstanding (with a copy to the trustee if given by the holders) may declare all the debt securities of such series to be due and payable immediately. If an event of default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur, all amounts due and payable on the debt securities of such series will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration, notice or other act on the part of the trustee, us or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series then outstanding by notice to the trustee may waive any existing default and its consequences with respect to such series of debt securities, other than a default in respect of a covenant or a provision of the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of all holders of the applicable series of debt securities.

At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to any series of debt securities has been made, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by written notice to the us and the trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences, if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• we have paid or deposited with the trustee a sum sufficient to pay all overdue interest on all debt securities of
that series, the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any debt securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such debt
securities, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such debt securities, and all sums paid or advanced by the trustee and the reasonable compensation,
expenses, disbursements and advances of the trustee, its agents and counsel; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• all events of default with respect to the debt securities of that series, other than the non-payment of the principal and interest, if any, of the debt securities of that series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived.

The holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceedings for any remedy available to the trustee with respect to such series, subject to limitations specified in the indenture.

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**Defeasance, Satisfaction and Discharge** 

Unless otherwise described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture will permit us to terminate all our obligations under the indenture as they relate to any particular series of debt securities ("legal defeasance"), other than the right of the holders of the debt securities of such series to receive payments solely from the trust fund described below in respect of the principal and interest on such debt securities and certain other obligations, at any time by:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• depositing in trust with the trustee, under an irrevocable trust agreement, money, government obligations or a
combination thereof in an amount sufficient to pay principal of and interest, if any, on the debt securities of such series to their maturity or redemption; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• complying with other conditions, including delivery to the trustee of an opinion of counsel to the effect that
(A) we have received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (B) since the date such series of debt securities were originally issued, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax
law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion of counsel shall state that, holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of our exercise of such right and will be subject to
federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case otherwise.

Unless otherwise described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture will also permit us to terminate all of our obligations under covenants in the indenture as they relate to any particular series of debt securities, and the debt securities of such series shall thereafter be deemed to be not "outstanding" for the purpose of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of holders of such series in connection with such covenants ("covenant defeasance"), at any time by:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• depositing in trust with the trustee, under an irrevocable trust agreement, money or government obligations in an
amount sufficient to pay principal and interest, if any, on the debt securities of such series to their maturity or redemption; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• complying with other conditions, including delivery to the trustee of an opinion of counsel to the effect that
holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of our exercise of such right and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been
the case otherwise.

The indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect with respect to a series of debt securities when either:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• all outstanding debt securities of such series, other than any securities that have been destroyed, lost, or
stolen and that have been replaced or paid as provided in the indenture, have been delivered to the trustee for cancellation; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• all outstanding debt securities of such series that have not been delivered to the trustee for cancellation have
become due and payable or will become due and payable at maturity within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and we shall have irrevocably
deposited with the trustee as trust funds the entire amount, in money or governmental obligations, or a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay at maturity or upon
redemption of all securities of such series, including principal of and any premium and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be.

In each case, we will also pay all other sums payable by us under the indenture with respect to the securities of such series, deliver irrevocable instructions to the trustee to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the debt securities of such series at maturity or redemption, as the case may be, and deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel and an officers' certificate, each stating that all conditions precedent to satisfaction and discharge with respect to the securities of such series have been complied with.

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**Transfer and Exchange** 

A holder will be able to transfer or exchange debt securities only in accordance with the indenture. The registrar may require a holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents, and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the indenture.

**Amendment, Supplement and Waiver** 

Without notice to or the consent of any holder, we and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the debt securities of a series to:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision of the indenture which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision in the indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• comply with the provisions of the indenture regarding the consolidation, merger, sale, lease, conveyance or other
disposition of all or substantially all of our assets;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• create a series and establish its terms;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities or to surrender any
right or power conferred upon us by the indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• add any additional events of default for the benefit of holders of all or any series of debt securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• add a guarantor in respect of any series of debt securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• secure any series of debt securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the
Trust Indenture Act;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment of a successor trustee and to add to or change any of the
provisions of the indenture or any supplemental indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts under such indenture or supplemental indenture by more than one trustee pursuant to the requirements set
forth in the indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder in any material respect; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• conform the provisions of the indenture to the final offering document in respect of any series of debt
securities.

With the exceptions discussed below, we and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the debt securities of a series with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of each series then outstanding affected by the amendment or supplement (voting as one class). In addition, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of each series then outstanding affected by the waiver (voting as one class) may, without notice to any holder, waive any existing default under, or compliance with, any provision of the debt securities of each such series or of the indenture relating to each such series. These consents and waivers may be obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, debt securities.

However, without the consent of each holder affected, we and the trustee may not:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest thereon, or reduce
the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change the coin or currency in which, such debt securities or any premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the stated maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the redemption date);

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• make any change to the provision of the indenture relating to the waiver of past defaults, except to increase the
percentage in principal amount of debt securities of any series the consent of whose holders is required for any waiver or to provide that certain other provisions of the indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of
each outstanding note affected thereby;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• waive a continuing default or event of default in the payment of principal of or interest on the debt securities;
or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• reduce the percentage in principal amount of debt securities of any series the consent of whose holders is
required for any amendment, supplement or waiver.

Any supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of the indenture which shall have been included expressly and solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of debt securities, or which modifies the rights of the holders of debt securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights of the holders of debt securities of any other series.

The right of any holder to participate in any consent required or sought pursuant to any provision of the indenture, and our obligation to obtain any such consent otherwise required from such holder, may be subject to the requirement that such holder shall have been the holder of record of debt securities with respect to which such consent is required or sought as of a record date fixed by us in accordance with the indenture.

**Concerning the Trustee** 

The indenture will contain limitations on the rights of the trustee, should it become our creditor, to obtain payment of claims in specified cases or to realize on property received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The indenture will permit the trustee to engage in other transactions; however, if it acquires any conflicting interest, it must eliminate such conflict or resign.

The indenture will provide that in case an event of default occurs and is not cured, the trustee will be required, in the exercise of its power, to use the degree of care of a prudent person in similar circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs. The trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by the indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders pursuant to the indenture, unless such holders shall have offered to the trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

**Repurchases in the Open Market** 

We or any of our affiliates may at any time or from time to time repurchase any of the debt securities in the open market or otherwise. Such debt securities may, at our or the applicable affiliate's option, be held, resold or surrendered to the trustee for cancellation.

**No Recourse against Others** 

The indenture will provide that a director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the debt securities or the indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation.

**Governing Law** 

The laws of the State of New York will govern the indenture and the debt securities.

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**DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS** 

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus and the related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus supplement, the terms of any warrants offered under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Specific warrant agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and will be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement, which includes this prospectus.

**General** 

We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or together with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from these securities.

We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates that we will issue under a separate warrant agreement. We will enter into the warrant agreement with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants, including:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of
warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately
transferable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon
exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or
preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and
the warrants;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise
of the warrants;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the periods during which, and places at which, the warrants are exercisable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the manner of exercise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

------

**DESCRIPTION OF UNITS** 

We may issue units comprised of shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and warrants in any combination. We may issue units in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section outlines certain provisions of the units that we may issue. If we issue units, they will be issued under one or more unit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or other financial institution, as unit agent. The information described in this section may not be complete in all respects and is qualified entirely by reference to the unit agreement with respect to the units of any particular series. The specific terms of any series of units offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. If so described in a particular supplement, the specific terms of any series of units may differ from the general description of terms presented below. We urge you to read any prospectus supplement related to any series of units we may offer, as well as the complete unit agreement and unit certificate that contain the terms of the units. If we issue units, forms of unit agreements and unit certificates relating to such units will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement, which includes this prospectus.

Each unit that we may issue will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date. The applicable prospectus supplement may describe:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under
what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any provisions of the governing unit agreement;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the price or prices at which such units will be issued;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the applicable United States federal income tax considerations relating to the units;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities
comprising the units; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any other terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units.

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under "Description of Capital Stock," "Description of Debt Securities" and "Description of Warrants" will apply to the securities included in each unit, to the extent relevant and as may be updated in any prospectus supplements.

**Issuance in Series** 

We may issue units in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section summarizes terms of the units that apply generally to all series. Most of the financial and other specific terms of your series will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

**Unit Agreements** 

We will issue the units under one or more unit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or other financial institution, as unit agent. We may add, replace or terminate unit agents from time to time. We will identify the unit agreement under which each series of units will be issued and the unit agent under that agreement in the applicable prospectus supplement.

------

The following provisions will generally apply to all unit agreements unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement:

***Modification without Consent***

We and the applicable unit agent may amend any unit or unit agreement without the consent of any holder:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• to cure any ambiguity, including modifying any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those
described below;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• to correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• to make any other change that we believe is necessary or desirable and will not adversely affect the interests of
the affected holders in any material respect.

We do not need any approval to make changes that affect only units to be issued after the changes take effect. We may also make changes that do not adversely affect a particular unit in any material respect, even if they adversely affect other units in a material respect. In those cases, we do not need to obtain the approval of the holder of the unaffected unit; we need only obtain any required approvals from the holders of the affected units.

***Modification with Consent***

We may not amend any particular unit or a unit agreement with respect to any particular unit unless we obtain the consent of the holder of that unit, if the amendment would:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• impair any right of the holder to exercise or enforce any right under a security included in the unit if the
terms of that security require the consent of the holder to any changes that would impair the exercise or enforcement of that right; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• reduce the percentage of outstanding units or any series or class the consent of whose holders is required to
amend that series or class, or the applicable unit agreement with respect to that series or class, as described below.

Any other change to a particular unit agreement and the units issued under that agreement would require the following approval:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if the change affects only the units of a particular series issued under that agreement, the change must be
approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding units of that series; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• if the change affects the units of more than one series issued under that agreement, it must be approved by the
holders of a majority of all outstanding units of all series affected by the change, with the units of all the affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.

These provisions regarding changes with majority approval also apply to changes affecting any securities issued under a unit agreement, as the governing document.

In each case, the required approval must be given by written consent.

***Unit Agreements Will Not Be Qualified under Trust Indenture Act***

No unit agreement will be qualified as an indenture, and no unit agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act. Therefore, holders of units issued under unit agreements will not have the protections of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to their units.

***Mergers and Similar Transactions Permitted; No Restrictive Covenants or Events of Default***

The unit agreements will not restrict our ability to merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets to, another corporation or other entity or to engage in any other transactions. If at any time we merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets substantially as an entirety to, another corporation or other entity, the successor entity will succeed

------

to and assume our obligations under the unit agreements. We will then be relieved of any further obligation under these agreements.

The unit agreements will not include any restrictions on our ability to put liens on our assets, nor will they restrict our ability to sell our assets. The unit agreements also will not provide for any events of default or remedies upon the occurrence of any events of default.

***Governing Law***

The unit agreements and the units will be governed by Delaware law.

***Form, Exchange and Transfer***

Unless the accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, we will issue each unit in global—i.e., book-entry—form only. Units in book-entry form will be represented by a global security registered in the name of a depositary, which will be the holder of all the units represented by the global security. Those who own beneficial interests in a unit will do so through participants in the depositary's system, and the rights of these indirect owners will be governed solely by the applicable procedures of the depositary and its participants. We will describe book-entry securities, and other terms regarding the issuance and registration of the units in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Unless the accompanying prospectus supplement states otherwise, each unit and all securities comprising the unit will be issued in the same form.

If we issue any units in registered, non-global form, the following will apply to them.

The units will be issued in the denominations stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Holders may exchange their units for units of smaller denominations or combined into fewer units of larger denominations, as long as the total amount is not changed.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Holders may exchange or transfer their units at the office of the unit agent. Holders may also replace lost,
stolen, destroyed or mutilated units at that office. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their units, but they may be
required to pay for any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange, and any replacement, will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder's proof of legal ownership.
The transfer agent may also require an indemnity before replacing any units.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• If we have the right to redeem, accelerate or settle any units before their maturity, and we exercise our right
as to less than all those units or other securities, we may block the exchange or transfer of those units during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of exercise and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the
list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register transfers of or exchange any unit selected for early settlement, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges of the unsettled portion of any unit being
partially settled. We may also block the transfer or exchange of any unit in this manner if the unit includes securities that are or may be selected for early settlement.

Only the depositary will be entitled to transfer or exchange a unit in global form, since it will be the sole holder of the unit.

***Payments and Notices***

In making payments and giving notices with respect to our units, we will follow the procedures as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

------

**PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION** 

We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters or dealers, through agents, or directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute securities from time to time in one or more transactions:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• at negotiated prices.

We may also sell equity securities covered by this registration statement in an "at the market offering" as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. Such offering may be made into an existing trading market for such securities in transactions at other than a fixed price, either:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• on or through the facilities of the Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other securities exchange or quotation or
trading service on which such securities may be listed, quoted or traded at the time of sale; and/or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• to or through a market maker otherwise than on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or such other securities exchanges
or quotation or trading services.

Such at the market offerings, if any, may be conducted by underwriters acting as principal or agent.

A prospectus supplement or supplements (and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, if any;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the purchase price of the securities and the proceeds we will receive from the sale;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents' or underwriters'
compensation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any public offering price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement are underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

If underwriters are used in the sale, they will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. We may offer the securities to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement, naming the underwriter, the nature of any such relationship.

------

We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities, and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

We may authorize agents or underwriters to solicit offers by certain types of institutional investors to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. We will describe the conditions to these contracts and the commissions we must pay for solicitation of these contracts in the prospectus supplement.

We may provide agents and underwriters with indemnification against civil liabilities related to offerings pursuant to this prospectus, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Agents and underwriters may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.

All securities we offer, other than our shares of common stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.

Any underwriter may engage in overallotment, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Overallotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time. These transactions may be effected on any exchange or over-the-counter market or otherwise.

Any underwriters who are qualified market makers on the Nasdaq Global Select Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the securities on the Nasdaq Global Select Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker's bid, however, the passive market maker's bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

------

**LEGAL MATTERS** 

Certain legal matters, including the legality of the securities offered, will be passed upon for us by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, San Francisco, California. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.

**EXPERTS** 

The financial statements and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

------

**WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION** 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC, and we have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which forms part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules. For further information about us and the securities described in this prospectus, you should refer to the registration statement, its exhibits and schedules and our reports, proxies, information statements and other information filed with the SEC.

Our filings are available to the public on the Internet, through a database maintained by the SEC at *http://www.sec.gov*. We also maintain a website at *www.cogentbio.com*. We have included our website address for the information of prospective investors and do not intend it to be an active link to our website. Information contained on our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement (or any document incorporated by reference herein or therein).

------

**INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE** 

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference much of the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those publicly available documents. The information that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus is considered to be part of this prospectus.

Because we are incorporating by reference future filings with the SEC, this prospectus is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus. This means that you must look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this prospectus or in any document previously incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (in each case, other than those documents or the portions of those documents not deemed to be filed) following the filing of this prospectus until the offering of the securities under this prospectus is terminated or completed, except that we are not incorporating by reference any information furnished (and not filed) with the SEC, including any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Annual Report on [Form 10-K](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001622229/000095017025026115/cogt-20241231.htm) for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on February 
25, 2025, including the Part III information incorporated by reference from our [Definitive Proxy Statement](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001622229/000119312525089237/d873012ddef14a.htm) on
Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 22, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended [March 31, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025064005/cogt-20250331.htm) filed with the SEC on May 6, 2025, [June 30, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025102440/cogt-20250630.htm) filed with the SEC on August 5,
2025 and [September 30, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525272334/cogt-20250930.htm) filed with the SEC on November 7, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than information furnished rather than filed) filed with the SEC on [June 5, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525135337/d20143d8k.htm) , [June 11, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525138813/d21181d8k.htm) , [July 7, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525155811/d156610d8k.htm) , [July 10, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525157390/d92808d8k.htm) and [September 11, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525201353/d947118d8k.htm) ; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the description of our common stock contained in [Exhibit 4.1](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025026115/cogt-ex4_1.htm) to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2025, including any amendments or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by contacting us, either orally or in writing, at the following:

Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor

Waltham, Massachusetts 02451

(617) 945-5576

We maintain a website at *www.cogentbio.com*. Information about us, including our reports filed with the SEC, is available through that site. Such reports are accessible at no charge through our website and are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is filed with or furnished to the SEC. Our website and the information contained on that website, or connected to that website, are not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

You may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC's website mentioned under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information." The information on the SEC's website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

------

![LOGO](g85082g99p03.jpg)

**COMMON STOCK** 

**PREFERRED STOCK** 

**DEBT SECURITIES** 

**WARRANTS** 

**UNITS** 

**PROSPECTUS** 

**November 7, 2025** 

------

**PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT** 

**(To prospectus dated November 7, 2025)** 

**Up to $300,000,000**![LOGO](g85082g99p03.jpg)

**COMMON STOCK** 

We have entered into a Sales Agreement with Guggenheim Securities, LLC ("Guggenheim Securities"), dated May 6, 2022, as amended by that certain Amendment No.1 to Sales Agreement, dated November 7, 2025 (as amended, the "Sales Agreement"), relating to the sale of shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, we may offer and sell shares of our common stock, $0.001 par value per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $300,000,000 from time to time through or to Guggenheim Securities, acting as our agent or principal.

Shares of our common stock are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "COGT." On November 6, 2025, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market was $14.72 per share.

Sales of our common stock, if any, under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will be made by any method permitted that is deemed an "at the market offering" as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). Guggenheim Securities is not required to sell any specific amount, but will act as our sales agent using commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in any escrow, trust or similar arrangement.

Guggenheim Securities will be entitled to compensation at a commission rate of 3.0% of the gross sales price per share sold under the Sales Agreement. See "Plan of Distribution" beginning on page S-12 for additional information regarding the compensation to be paid to Guggenheim Securities. In connection with the sale of shares of our common stock on our behalf, Guggenheim Securities will be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act and the compensation of Guggenheim Securities will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have also agreed to provide indemnification and contribution to Guggenheim Securities with respect to certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act").

**Investing in our common stock involves risks. You should read carefully and consider the risks referenced under "[Risk Factors](#stoc85082_5)" beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement, as well as the other information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before making a decision to invest in our securities.** 

**Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.** 

**Guggenheim Securities** 

**Prospectus Supplement dated November 7, 2025** 

------

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **Page** |
|  [ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT](#stoc85082_1) | S-1 |
|  [CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS](#stoc85082_2) | S-2 |
|  [PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY](#stoc85082_3) | S-4 |
|  [THE OFFERING](#stoc85082_4) | S-5 |
|  [RISK FACTORS](#stoc85082_5) | S-7 |
|  [USE OF PROCEEDS](#stoc85082_6) | S-9 |
|  [DILUTION](#stoc85082_7) | S-10 |
|  [PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION](#stoc85082_8) | S-12 |
|  [LEGAL MATTERS](#stoc85082_9) | S-14 |
|  [EXPERTS](#stoc85082_10) | S-14 |
|  [WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION](#stoc85082_11) | S-15 |
|  [INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE](#stoc85082_12) | S-16 |

---

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**ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT** 

This prospectus supplement is part of an automatic registration statement on Form S-3ASR that we have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") utilizing a "shelf" registration process as a "well-known seasoned issuer," as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. By using an automatic shelf registration statement, we may sell an unspecified amount of securities from time to time. Under this prospectus supplement, we may offer shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $300,000,000 from time to time at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of offering. Before buying any of the shares of common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement, together with the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference" in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision. In general, when we refer only to the prospectus, we are referring to both the prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus combined.

This prospectus supplement describes the terms of this offering of shares of common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus that was filed with the SEC before the date of this prospectus, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date—for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus— the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

We have not, and Guggenheim Securities has not, authorized any other person to provide you with information that is in addition to or different from that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, along with the information contained in any permitted free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. Neither we nor Guggenheim Securities takes any responsibility for, or can provide any assurance as to the reliability of, any information other than the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any permitted free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

Information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not part of this prospectus. We and Guggenheim Securities are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The distribution of this prospectus and the offering of the common stock in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. This prospectus does not constitute, and may not be used in connection with, an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities offered by this prospectus by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer or solicitation.

Unless the context otherwise requires, we use the terms "Cogent," "company," "we," "us," and "our" in this prospectus to refer to Cogent Biosciences, Inc. and, where appropriate, our subsidiaries.

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**CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS** 

This prospectus supplement, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus supplement, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plan, objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "may," "should," "expects," "might," "plans," "anticipates," "could," "intends," "target," "projects," "contemplates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "seek," "would" or "continue," or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur. Because forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Some of the key factors that could cause actual results to differ from our expectations include, but are not limited to, the following:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the potential impacts of raising additional capital, including dilution to our existing stockholders,
restrictions on our operations or requirements that we relinquish rights to our technologies or product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the success, cost, and duration of our product development activities and clinical trials, including the
enrollment rates in our clinical trials;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the timing of our planned regulatory submissions to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for our bezuclastinib
product candidate and any other product candidates we may develop;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval for our bezuclastinib product candidate and any other
product candidates we may develop, and any related restrictions, limitations, and/or warnings in the label of an approved product candidate;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the potential for our identified research priorities to advance our bezuclastinib product candidate or for our
teams to discover and develop additional product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the ability to license additional intellectual property rights relating to our bezuclastinib product candidate or
future product candidates from third parties and to comply with our existing or future license agreements and/or collaboration agreements;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to commercialize our bezuclastinib product candidate and future product candidates in light of the
intellectual property rights of others;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to complete further discovery,
development and commercialization of our existing and future product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the scalability and commercial viability of our manufacturing methods and processes;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the commercialization of our product candidates, if approved;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to attract collaborators with development, regulatory, and commercialization expertise;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• future agreements with third parties in connection with the commercialization of our product candidates and any
other approved product;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates, and our ability to serve those markets;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the rate and degree of market acceptance of our product candidates;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if approved;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries, including pharmaceutical and biological
product marketing regulation;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the impact of adverse business and economic conditions including inflationary pressures, general economic
slowdown or a recession, high interest rates, changes in monetary policy, banking institution instability, changes in trade policies, including tariffs or other trade restrictions or the threat of such actions, and the prospect of a, or any then
ongoing, shutdown of the U.S. federal government;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to contract with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their ability to perform adequately;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the development and success of competing therapies that are or may be under development in clinical trials or
become available commercially;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our ability to attract and retain key scientific and management personnel;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements, and needs for additional
financing;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our expectations regarding our use of the proceeds from this offering and any private placements, sales of our
preferred stock and other public offerings of our common stock that we may conduct from time to time;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the fact that interim clinical data may not be indicative of future results; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our expectations regarding our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our
bezuclastinib product candidate and future product candidates.

These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, information incorporated by reference herein or therein, and any related free-writing prospectus. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus supplement are made as of the date of hereof and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

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**PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY** 

*This summary highlights certain information about us, this offering and selected information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest in shares of our common stock. For a more complete understanding of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference herein and therein, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the information under the heading "Risk Factors" in this prospectus supplement on page S-7 and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.* 

**Company Overview** 

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing precision therapies for genetically defined diseases. Our approach is to design rational precision therapies that treat the underlying cause of disease and improve the lives of patients. Our most advanced program is bezuclastinib, also known as CGT9486, a highly selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is designed to potently inhibit the KIT D816V mutation as well as other mutations in KIT exon 17. In the vast majority of cases, KIT D816V is responsible for driving Systemic Mastocytosis ("SM"), a serious and rare disease caused by unchecked proliferation of mast cells. Exon 17 mutations are also found in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors ("GIST"), a type of cancer with strong dependence on oncogenic KIT signaling. Bezuclastinib is a highly selective and potent KIT inhibitor with the potential to provide a new treatment option for these patient populations. We are developing bezuclastinib to treat patients living with Non-Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis ("Non-AdvSM"), Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis ("AdvSM") and GIST. We also have an ongoing Phase 1 study of our novel internally developed FGFR2 inhibitor. In addition to bezuclastinib, the Cogent Research Team is developing a portfolio of novel targeted therapies to help patients fighting serious, genetically driven diseases initially targeting mutations in ErbB2, PI3K, KRAS, and JAK2.

For more information about our business, please see our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as supplemented and updated by subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K that we have filed or will file with the SEC, and in other documents which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

**Corporate Information** 

We were incorporated in March 2014 under the laws of the State of Delaware. We completed our initial public offering in April 2018, and in July 2020 we completed the asset acquisition of Kiq Bio LLC (formerly Kiq LLC) and shifted our development to bezuclastinib, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor licensed from Plexxikon, Inc. In October 2020, we changed our name to Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

Our principal executive office is located at 275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, and our telephone number is (617) 945-5576. Our corporate website address is *www.cogentbio.com*. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, and you should not consider any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus in deciding whether to purchase our shares of common stock.

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**THE OFFERING** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Shares of common stock offered by us  | Shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $300,000,000. |

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Shares of common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering  | Up to 184,535,656 shares, assuming sales of 20,380,434 shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed offering price of $14.72 per share, which was the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 6, 2025. The actual number of shares issued will vary depending on the sales price under this offering. |

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Manner of offering  | "At the market offering" that may be made from time to time on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or other existing trading market for shares of our common stock through or to, Guggenheim Securities, as agent or principal. See the section entitled "Plan of Distribution" on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement. |

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| Use of proceeds  | We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for development and regulatory activities relating to bezuclastinib and other product candidates, the anticipated commercial launch and commercialization of bezuclastinib, as well as for working capital and general corporate purposes. See the section entitled "Use of Proceeds" on page S-9 of this prospectus supplement. |

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Risk factors See "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and the other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.

Nasdaq Global Select Market symbol COGT.

The number of shares of our common stock that will be outstanding immediately after this offering as shown above is based on 164,155,222 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2025, after giving effect to the conversion of 67,414 shares of our outstanding Series A Preferred Stock into 16,853,500 shares of common stock, the conversion of 6,868 shares of our outstanding Series B Preferred Stock into 6,868,000 shares of common stock, and the exercise of our outstanding pre-funded warrants into 606,060 shares of common stock, in each case without regard to the beneficial ownership limitations, but otherwise excludes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 27,499,141 shares of our common stock subject to stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2025 with a
weighted-average exercise price of $8.80 per share;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• up to 3,054,000 shares of our common stock subject to outstanding and unvested performance-based restricted stock
units as of September 30, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 1,021,195 shares of our common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under the 2020 Inducement Plan as of
September 30, 2025;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 1,669,043 shares of our common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under the 2018 Stock Option and
Incentive Plan as of September 30, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 302,733 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of
September 30, 2025; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 2,490,253 shares of our common stock issued under the Sales Agreement.

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**RISK FACTORS** 

*Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as supplemented and updated by subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K that we have filed or will file with the SEC, and in other documents which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including the risk factors and other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus before investing in any of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or prospects could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks. The risks and uncertainties described in the documents incorporated by reference herein are not the only risks and uncertainties that you may face.* 

**Risks Relating to this Offering** 

***We have broad discretion as to the use of proceeds from this offering and may not use the proceeds effectively.***

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering as described in the section entitled "Use of Proceeds." Our management will retain broad discretion as to the allocation of the proceeds and may spend these proceeds in ways in which you may not agree. The failure of our management to apply these funds effectively could result in unfavorable returns and uncertainty about our prospects, each of which could cause the price of our common stock to decline.

***You may experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value per share of the common stock you purchase.***

Some or all of the public offering price per share in this offering may exceed the as-adjusted net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock. After giving effect to an assumed sale of shares of common stock in the aggregate amount of $300,000,000 at an assumed public offering price of $14.72 per share, which was the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 6, 2025, and after deducting the commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, you would incur immediate and substantial dilution in the amount of $11.51 per share.

This dilution is due to the substantially lower price paid by our investors who purchased shares prior to this offering as compared to the assumed price offered to the public in this offering, and any previous exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units granted to our employees, directors and consultants. In addition, the exercise of any outstanding options to purchase shares of our common stock, the vesting of performance-based restricted stock units, the vesting of time-based restricted stock units, and issuances of common stock in connection with the 2020 Inducement Plan, the 2018 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, and the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan would result in additional dilution. As a result of the dilution to investors purchasing shares in this offering, investors may receive significantly less than the purchase price paid in this offering, if anything, in the event of our liquidation. See "Dilution" for additional information.

***The actual number of shares of common stock we will issue under the Sales Agreement, at any one time or in total, is uncertain.***

Subject to certain limitations in the Sales Agreement and compliance with applicable law, we have the discretion to deliver a placement notice to Guggenheim Securities at any time throughout the term of the Sales Agreement. The number of shares of common stock that are sold by Guggenheim Securities after delivering a placement notice will fluctuate based on the market price of the shares of common stock during the sales period and limits we set with Guggenheim Securities. Because the price per share of each share sold will fluctuate based on the market price of shares of our common stock during the sales period, it is not possible at this stage to predict the number of shares of common stock that will be ultimately issued.

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***The shares of common stock offered hereby will be sold in "at the market offerings," and investors who buy common stock at different times will likely pay different prices.***

Investors who purchase shares of common stock in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices, and so may experience different outcomes in their investment results. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares of common stock sold, and there is no minimum or maximum sales price. Investors may experience a decline in the value of their shares of common stock as a result of share sales made at prices lower than the prices they paid.

***You may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.***

In order to raise additional capital, we expect to in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering.

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**USE OF PROCEEDS** 

We will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds, if any, from the sale of shares of our common stock offered hereby. We may issue and sell shares of our common stock having aggregate sales proceeds of up to $300,000,000 from time to time. Because there is no minimum offering amount required to be sold in connection with this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to us, if any, are not determinable at this time.

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale by us of the shares of common stock to which this prospectus supplement relates for development and regulatory activities relating to bezuclastinib and other product candidates, the anticipated commercial launch and commercialization of bezuclastinib, as well as for working capital and general corporate purposes.

Pending the use of the net proceeds, we may invest the proceeds in interest-bearing, investment-grade securities, certificates of deposit or government securities.

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**DILUTION** 

Dilution represents the difference between the amount per share of common stock paid by purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering and the as-adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. The data in this section are derived from our balance sheet as of September 30, 2025. Net tangible book value per share of common stock is equal to our total tangible assets less the amount of our total liabilities, divided by the sum of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2025, excluding shares of common stock underlying outstanding options. Our net tangible book value as of September 30, 2025 was $302.5 million, or $2.16 per share of common stock. For purposes of this "Dilution" section, except as otherwise noted, all subsequent share and per share information assumes the conversion of 67,414 shares of our outstanding Series A Preferred Stock into 16,853,500 shares of common stock, the conversion of 6,868 shares of our outstanding Series B Preferred Stock into 6,868,000 shares of common stock, and the exercise of our outstanding pre-funded warrants into 606,060 shares of common stock, in each case without regard to the beneficial ownership limitations (collectively, the "Conversion") (for more information, see "Description of Capital Stock" in the accompanying prospectus). Assuming such Conversion, our pro forma net tangible book value as of September 30, 2025 was $302.5 million, or $1.84 per share of common stock.

We present dilution on a pro forma as-adjusted basis to give effect to (i) the assumed conversion of all outstanding shares of our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock and exercise of all outstanding pre-funded warrants as described above and (ii) our receipt of the estimated net proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in this offering, based on the assumed public offering price of $14.72 per share of common stock, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 6, 2025, and after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. On a pro forma as-adjusted basis, our as-adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2025 would have been $593.2 million, or $3.21 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma as-adjusted net tangible book value to existing stockholders of $1.37 per share of common stock and immediate dilution in pro forma as-adjusted net tangible book value to purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering of $11.51 per share of common stock. The following table illustrates this dilution per share of common stock:

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| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  Assumed public offering price per share of common stock |  | $14.72 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Net tangible book value per share of common stock as of September 30, 2025 (excluding the assumed Conversion) | $2.16 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2025, after giving effect to the Conversion | $1.84 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share of common stock attributable to purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering | $1.37 |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pro forma as-adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after this offering |  | $3.21 |
|  Dilution per share of common stock to purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering |  | $11.51 |

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The table above assumes for illustrative purposes that an aggregate of 20,380,434 shares of our common stock are sold at a price of $14.72 per share, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on November 6, 2025. The shares of common stock sold in this offering, if any, will be sold from time to time at various prices. An increase of $1.00 per share in the assumed price at which the shares of common stock are sold would increase the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering to $12.48 per share, after deducting the commissions and estimated offering

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expenses payable by us. A decrease of $1.00 per share in the assumed price at which the shares of common stock are sold would decrease the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to purchasers of shares of common stock in this offering to $10.54 per share, after deducting the commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. This information is supplied for illustrative purposes only.

The foregoing excludes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 27,499,141 shares of our common stock subject to stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2025 with a
weighted-average exercise price of $8.80 per share;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• up to 3,054,000 shares of our common stock subject to outstanding and unvested performance-based restricted stock
units as of September 30, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 1,021,195 shares of our common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under the 2020 Inducement Plan as of
September 30, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 1,669,043 shares of our common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under the 2018 Stock Option and
Incentive Plan as of September 30, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 302,733 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of
September 30, 2025; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• 2,490,253 shares of our common stock issued under the Sales Agreement.

Furthermore, we may choose to raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. New investors may experience further dilution if any of our outstanding options are exercised, new options are issued and exercised under our equity incentive plans or we issue additional shares of common stock, other equity securities or convertible debt securities in the future.

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**PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION** 

We have entered into a Sales Agreement with Guggenheim Securities under which we may issue and sell shares of common stock from time to time through or to Guggenheim Securities as our sales agent or principal. Sales of shares of common stock, if any, under this prospectus will be by any method that is deemed to be an "at the market offering," as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. If authorized by us in writing, Guggenheim Securities may purchase shares of our common stock as principal.

Guggenheim Securities will offer shares of our common stock subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement on a daily basis or as otherwise agreed upon by us and Guggenheim Securities. We will designate the maximum amount of common stock to be sold through Guggenheim Securities on a daily basis or otherwise determine such maximum amount together with Guggenheim Securities. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, Guggenheim Securities will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell on our behalf all of the shares of common stock requested to be sold by us. We may instruct Guggenheim Securities not to sell shares of common stock if the sales cannot be effected at or above the price designated by us in any such instruction. Guggenheim Securities or we may suspend the offering of shares of our common stock being made through Guggenheim Securities under the Sales Agreement upon proper notice to the other party. Guggenheim Securities and we each have the right, by giving written notice as specified in the Sales Agreement, to terminate the Sales Agreement in each party's sole discretion at any time. The offering of shares of our common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement will otherwise terminate upon the termination of the Sales Agreement as provided therein.

The aggregate compensation payable to Guggenheim Securities as sales agent will be an amount equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of any shares sold through it pursuant to the Sales Agreement. Under the Sales Agreement, we previously reimbursed Guggenheim Securities for up to $50,000 of Guggenheim Securities' actual outside legal expenses incurred in connection with executing the original Sales Agreement and have also agreed to reimburse Guggenheim Securities for certain ongoing expenses incurred in connection with Guggenheim Securities' ongoing diligence arising from the transactions contemplated by the Sales Agreement. We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding commissions payable to Guggenheim Securities under the Sales Agreement, will be approximately $300,000.

The remaining sales proceeds, after deducting any expenses payable by us and any transaction fees imposed by any governmental, regulatory, or self-regulatory organization in connection with the sales, will equal our net proceeds for the sale of such shares of common stock.

Guggenheim Securities will provide written confirmation to us following the close of trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on each day in which shares of common stock are sold through it as sales agent under the Sales Agreement. Each confirmation will include the number of shares of common stock sold through it as sales agent on that day, the volume weighted average price of the shares of common stock sold, the percentage of the daily trading volume and the net proceeds to us.

Settlement for sales of shares of common stock will occur, unless the parties agree otherwise, on the first business day that is also a trading day following the date on which any sales were made in return for payment of the net proceeds to us. There is no arrangement for funds to be received in an escrow, trust or similar arrangement. We will report at least quarterly the number of shares of common stock sold through Guggenheim Securities under the Sales Agreement, the net proceeds to us and the compensation paid by us to Guggenheim Securities in connection with the sales of shares of common stock during the relevant period.

In connection with the sales of shares of common stock on our behalf, Guggenheim Securities will be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act, and the compensation paid to Guggenheim Securities will be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. We have agreed in the Sales Agreement to provide indemnification and contribution to Guggenheim Securities against certain liabilities,

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including liabilities under the Securities Act. As sales agent, Guggenheim Securities will not engage in any transactions that stabilize our common stock.

Our common stock is listed and traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "COGT." Computershare Trust Company, N.A. serves as the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock.

Guggenheim Securities and/or its affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, various investment banking and other financial services for us for which services they have received, and may in the future receive, customary fees.

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**LEGAL MATTERS** 

Unless otherwise specified in this prospectus, the validity of the shares of common stock being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, San Francisco, California. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for Guggenheim Securities by Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., Boston, Massachusetts.

**EXPERTS** 

The financial statements and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

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**WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION** 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC, and we have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement, which forms part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules. For further information about us and the securities described in this prospectus supplement, you should refer to the registration statement, its exhibits and schedules and our reports, proxies, information statements and other information filed with the SEC.

Our filings are available to the public on the Internet, through a database maintained by the SEC at *http://www.sec.gov*. We also maintain a website at *www.cogentbio.com*. We have included our website address for the information of prospective investors and do not intend it to be an active link to our website. Information contained on our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement (or any document incorporated by reference herein).

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**INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE** 

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference much of the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those publicly available documents. The information that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement.

Because we are incorporating by reference future filings with the SEC, this prospectus supplement is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus supplement. This means that you must look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this prospectus supplement or in any document previously incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded. This prospectus supplement incorporates by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (in each case, other than those documents or the portions of those documents not deemed to be filed) following the filing of this prospectus supplement until the offering of the shares of common stock under this prospectus supplement is terminated or completed, except that we are not incorporating by reference any information furnished (and not filed) with the SEC, including any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Annual Report on [Form 10-K](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001622229/000095017025026115/cogt-20241231.htm) for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on February 
25, 2025, including the Part III information incorporated by reference from our [Definitive Proxy Statement](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/0001622229/000119312525089237/d873012ddef14a.htm) on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 22, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended [March 31, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025064005/cogt-20250331.htm) filed with the SEC on May 6, 2025, [June 30, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025102440/cogt-20250630.htm) filed with the SEC on August 5,
2025 and [September 30, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525272334/cogt-20250930.htm) filed with the SEC on November 7, 2025;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• our Current Reports on Form 8-K (other than information furnished rather than filed) filed with the SEC on [June 5, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525135337/d20143d8k.htm) , [June 11, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525138813/d21181d8k.htm) , [July 7, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525155811/d156610d8k.htm) , [July 10, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525157390/d92808d8k.htm) and [September 11, 2025](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312525201353/d947118d8k.htm) ; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• the description of our common stock contained in [Exhibit 4.1](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000095017025026115/cogt-ex4_1.htm) to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2025, including any amendments or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description.

You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by contacting us, either orally or in writing, at the following:

Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor

Waltham, Massachusetts 02451

Attn: Corporate Secretary

(617) 945-5576

info@cogentbio.com

We maintain a website at *www.cogentbio.com*. Information about us, including our reports filed with the SEC, is available through that site. Such reports are accessible at no charge through our website and are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is filed with or furnished to the SEC. Our website and the information contained on that website, or connected to that website, are not incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

You may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC's website mentioned under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information." The information on the SEC's website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

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**Up to $300,000,000**![LOGO](g85082g99p03.jpg)

**Common Stock** 

**PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT** 

**Guggenheim Securities** 

**November 7, 2025** 

------

**Part II—INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS** 

**Item 14.** **Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution** <br>

The following table sets forth an estimate of the fees and expenses payable by us in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered hereunder on Form S-3 (other than underwriting discounts and commissions, if any) are set forth below.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
|  SEC registration fee | $41430.0 | \* |
|  Legal fees and expenses |  | \*\* |
|  Accounting fees and expenses |  | \*\* |
|  Printing fees and expenses |  | \*\* |
|  Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses |  | \*\* |
|  Miscellaneous fees and expenses |  | \*\* |
|  Total | $— | \*\* |

---

\* The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee for the securities offered under this registration statement in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), other than the fees due in connection with the $300,000,000 of our shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under our Sales Agreement, as amended, with Guggenheim Securities, LLC. 

\*\* Estimated expenses are not presently known. Each prospectus supplement will reflect estimated expenses based on the amount of the related offering. 

**Item 15.** **Indemnification of Directors and Officers** <br>

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") authorizes a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities arising out of actions, suits and proceedings to which they are made or threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that they have served or are currently serving as a director or officer to a corporation. The indemnity may cover expenses (including attorneys' fees) judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with any such action, suit or proceeding. Section 145 permits corporations to pay expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by directors and officers in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding. In addition, Section 145 provides that a corporation has the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of its directors and officers against any liability asserted against them and incurred by them in their capacity as a director or officer, or arising out of their status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the director or officer against such liability under Section 145.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws limit or eliminate the personal liability of our directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages or breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability for:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any unlawful payments related to dividends or unlawful stock purchases, redemptions or other distributions; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

These limitations of liability do not alter director liability under the federal securities laws and do not affect the availability of equitable remedies, such as an injunction or rescission.

------

In addition, our bylaws provide that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• we will indemnify our directors, officers and, in the discretion of our board of directors, certain employees to
the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as it now exists or may in the future be amended; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;• we will advance reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, to our directors and, in the discretion of
our board of directors, to our officers and certain employees, in connection with legal proceedings relating to their service for or on behalf of us, subject to limited exceptions.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements provide that we will indemnify each of our directors, executive officers and, at times, their affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. We will advance expenses, including attorneys' fees (but excluding judgments, fines and settlement amounts), to each indemnified director, executive officer or affiliate in connection with any proceeding in which indemnification is available and we will indemnify our directors and officers for any action or proceeding arising out of that person's services as a director or officer brought on behalf of us or in furtherance of our rights. Additionally, certain of our directors or officers may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance provided by their affiliates or other third parties, which indemnification relates to and might apply to the same proceedings arising out of such director's or officer's services as a director referenced herein. Nonetheless, we have agreed in the indemnification agreements that our obligations to those same directors or officers are primary and any obligation of such affiliates or other third parties to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the expenses or liabilities incurred by those directors are secondary.

We also maintain general liability insurance which covers certain liabilities of our directors and officers arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

**Item 16.** **Exhibits** <br>

A list of exhibits filed with this registration statement on Form S-3 is set forth on the Exhibit Index and is incorporated herein by reference.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Exhibit<br>No.** | **Description** |
| 1.1\* | Form of Underwriting Agreement. |
| 1.2 | [Sales Agreement, by and between the Company and Guggenheim Securities LLC, dated May 6, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-264773) filed on May 6, 2022).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312522143829/d252049dex12.htm) |
| 1.3\*\*\* | [Amendment No. 1 to Sales Agreement, by and between the Company and Guggenheim Securities LLC, dated November 7, 2025.](d85082dex13.htm) |
| 3.1 | [Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K (File No. 001-38443) filed on June 5, 2025).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312518086716/d416842dex32.htm) |
| 3.2 | [Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant's Form 8-K (File No. 001-38443) filed on October 5, 2020).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312520263412/d14737dex32.htm) |
| 3.3 | [Certificate of Designations of Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K (File No. 001-38443) filed on July 6, 2020).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312520187492/d38855dex31.htm) |
| 3.4 | [Certificate of Designations of Series B Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K (File No. 001-38443) filed on February 14, 2024).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312524035203/d790187dex31.htm) |

---

------

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| 4.1 | [Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-223414) filed March 19, 2018).](http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1622229/000119312518086716/d416842dex41.htm) |
| 4.2\*\*\* | [Form of Base Indenture.](d85082dex42.htm) |
| 4.3\* | Form of Warrant Agreement and Warrant Certificate. |
| 4.4\* | Form of Unit Agreement and Unit Certificate. |
| 5.1\*\*\* | [Opinion of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, relating to base prospectus.](d85082dex51.htm) |
| 5.2\*\*\* | [Opinion of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, relating to sales agreement prospectus supplement.](d85082dex52.htm) |
| 23.1\*\*\* | [Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.](d85082dex231.htm) |
| 23.2 | [Consent of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereto).](d85082dex51.htm) |
| 24.1 | [Power of Attorney (included on the signature pages to the registration statement).](#sig) |
| 25.1\*\*\* | [Statement of Eligibility of Trustee under the Indenture.](d85082dex251.htm) |
| 107\*\*\* | [Filing Fee Table](d85082dexfilingfees.htm) |

---

\* To be filed, if necessary, by amendment or as an exhibit to a document to be incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this registration statement, including a Current Report on Form 8-K.

\*\* To be filed in accordance with the requirements of Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the applicable rules thereunder.

\*\*\* Filed herewith.

**Item 17.** **Undertakings** <br>

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) that, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification

------

against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(8) that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(9) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(10) to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.

------

**SIGNATURES** 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Waltham, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on November 7, 2025.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** | **COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Andrew Robbins |
|  | Andrew Robbins |
|  | President and Chief Executive Officer |
|  | (Principal Executive Officer) |

---

------

**POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES** 

Each person whose individual signature appears below hereby authorizes and appoints Andrew Robbins and John Green and each of them, with full power of substitution and resubstitution and full power to act without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to act in his or her name, place and stead and to execute in the name and on behalf of each person, individually and in each capacity stated below, and to file any and all amendments to this Registration Statement, including any and all post effective amendments and amendments thereto, and any registration statement relating to the same offering as this Registration Statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing, ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement and Power of Attorney has been signed by the following person in the capacities and on the date indicated.

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **Name** | **Title** | **Date** |
| /s/ Andrew Robbins<br> Andrew Robbins | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director<br> (*Principal Executive Officer*) | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ John Green<br> John Green | Chief Financial Officer<br> (*Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer*) | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Chris Cain<br> Chris Cain, Ph.D. | Director | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Karen Ferrante<br> Karen Ferrante, M.D. | Director | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Peter Harwin<br> Peter Harwin | Director | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Arlene Morris<br> Arlene Morris | Director | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Matthew Ros<br> Matthew Ros | Director | November 7, 2025 |
| /s/ Todd Shegog<br> Todd Shegog | Director | November 7, 2025 |

---

## Exhibit 1.3

**Exhibit 1.3** 

**COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** 

**<u>AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO SALES AGREEMENT</u>**

**November 7, 2025** 

This Amendment No. 1 ("**<u>Amendment No.</u> <u>1</u>**") amends that certain Sales Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2022 (the "**<u>Agreement</u>**"), by and between Cogent Biosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "**<u>Company</u>**"), and Guggenheim Securities, LLC, as sales agent (the "**<u>Agent</u>**"). Defined terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meaning assigned to such terms in the Agreement.

WITNESSETH THAT:

WHEREAS, <u>Section</u> <u>15</u> of the Agreement permits the Company and the Agent to amend the Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the Company and the Agent now desire to amend the Agreement as provided herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Agent agree as follows:

1. The first paragraph of <u>Section</u> <u>1</u> of the Agreement is amended and restated in its entirety as set forth below:

"The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through the Agent shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (the "**<u>Common Stock</u>**"), having an aggregate offering price not exceeding the Maximum Program Amount, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 5(c) (the "**<u>Placement Shares</u>**"). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitation set forth in this Section 1 on the aggregate gross sales price of Placement Shares that may be issued and sold under this Agreement from time to time shall be the sole responsibility of the Company, and that the Agent shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. The issuance and sale of Placement Shares through the Agent will be effected pursuant to the Registration Statement (as defined below) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "**<u>Commission</u>**"), although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to issue any Placement Shares."

2. Reference to the "**<u>Maximum Program Amount</u>**" in the Agreement shall refer to the lesser number of (a) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock registered on the effective Registration Statement pursuant to which the offering is being made, (b) the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (less shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of any outstanding securities of the Company or otherwise reserved from the Company's authorized capital stock), (c) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock permitted to be sold under Form S-3 (including General Instruction I.B.6 thereof, if applicable) or (d) the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock for which the Company has filed a Prospectus Supplement.

3. Reference to the "Registration Statement" in the Agreement shall refer to the automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR, originally filed with the Commission on November 7, 2025 (as the same may be amended from time to time, the "**<u>New Registration Statement</u>**"). References to the "Registration Statement" shall also include any new shelf registration statement or new automatic shelf registration statement relating to the Common Stock that may be offered and sold pursuant to this Agreement (which may include a prospectus or prospectus supplement reflecting the number or amount of Placement Shares that may be offered and sold pursuant to this Agreement) that the Company subsequently files with the Commission, as the case may be.

4. The definition of "Settlement Date" in <u>Section</u> <u>5(a)</u> of the Agreement is amended and restated as set forth below:

"Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the first Trading Day following the date on which such sales are made (each, a "**<u>Settlement Date</u>**")."

------

5. <u>Section</u> <u>6(d)</u> of the Agreement is amended and restated in its entirety as set forth below:

"(i) At the original effectiveness of the Registration Statement, (ii) at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment or incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or in the form of a prospectus), and (iii) at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c) under the Securities Act) made any offer relating to the Shares in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163 under the Securities Act, the Company was and is a "well-known seasoned issuer" (as defined in Rule 405)."

6. <u>Section</u> <u>7(y)</u> of the Agreement is amended and restated in its entirety as set forth below:

"*[Reserved.]*"

7. References to the date of the Agreement in the form of Issuance Notice included as <u>Schedule 1</u> of the Agreement is hereby revised to read "May 6, 2022, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated November 7, 2025."

8. Except as specifically set forth herein, all other provisions of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

9. This Amendment No. 1 shall become effective upon the date that the New Registration Statement becomes automatically effective under the Securities Act.

10. Section 15 of the Agreement is supplemented and amended such that this Amendment No. 1 and the Agreement, as amended hereby, constitute the entire agreement of the parties to the Agreement and supersedes all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof.

11. Except as amended hereby, the Agreement as now in effect is ratified and confirmed hereby in all respects. For the avoidance of doubt, this Amendment No. 1 and all of its provisions shall be deemed to be a part of the Agreement, as amended hereby.

12. This Amendment No. 1 shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed in such state. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Amendment No. 1 or the transactions contemplated hereby may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America located in the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York or the courts of the State of New York in each case located in the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York (collectively, the "**<u>Specified Courts</u>**"), and each party irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction (except for proceedings instituted in regard to the enforcement of a judgment of any such court, as to which such jurisdiction is non-exclusive) of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. Service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail to such party's address set forth in the Agreement shall be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the Specified Courts and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

13. This Amendment No. 1 may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Amendment No. 1 by one party to the other may be made by facsimile or electronic transmission. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g.,www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.

*[Signature page follows.]* 

------

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company the enclosed copies hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Very truly yours, | Very truly yours, |
| **COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** | **COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** |
| By: | /s/ Andrew Robbins |
|  | Name: Andrew Robbins |
|  | Title: Chief Executive Officer and President |

---

The foregoing Amendment is hereby confirmed and accepted by the Agent in New York, New York as of the date first above written.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **GUGGENHEIM SECURITIES, LLC** | **GUGGENHEIM SECURITIES, LLC** |
| By: | /s/ Shiv Taylor, M.D. |
|  | Name: Shiv Taylor, M.D. |
|  | Title: Senior Managing Director |

---

[*Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Sales Agreement – Cogent Biosciences, Inc.*]

## Exhibit 4.2

**Exhibit 4.2** 

**Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** 

Debt Securities

<u>Form of Indenture</u> 

Dated as of

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;,

as Trustee

------

**CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE** 

<u>This Cross-Reference Table is not a part of the Indenture</u> 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **TIA Section** | **Indenture Section** |
| 310(a)(1) | 7.10 |
| (a)(2) | 7.10 |
| (a)(3) | N.A. |
| (a)(4) | N.A. |
| (b) | 7.08; 7.10; 11.02 |
| 311(a) | 7.11 |
| (b) | 7.11 |
| (c) | N.A. |
| 312(a) | 2.05 |
| (b) | 11.03 |
| (c) | 11.03 |
| 313(a) | 7.06 |
| (b)(1) | N.A. |
| (b)(2) | 7.06 |
| (c) | 11.02 |
| (d) | 7.06 |
| 314(a) | 4.03; 11.02 |
| (b) | N.A. |
| (c)(1) | 11.04 |
| (c)(2) | 11.04 |
| (c)(3) | N.A. |
| (d) | N.A. |
| (e) | 11.05 |
| 315(a) | 7.01(b) |
| (b) | 7.05; 11.02 |
| (c) | 7.01(a) |
| (d) | 7.01(c) |
| (e) | 6.11 |
| 316(a)(last sentence) | 11.06 |
| (a)(1)(A) | 6.05 |
| (a)(1)(B) | 6.04 |
| (a)(2) | N.A. |
| (b) | 6.07 |
| 317(a)(1) | 6.08 |
| (a)(2) | 6.09 |
| (b)d | 2.04 |
| 318(a) | 11.01 |

---

N.A. means Not Applicable.

i

------

**TABLE OF CONTENTS** 

<u>This **Table of Contents** is not a part of the Indenture</u> 

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **ARTICLE ONE** | **ARTICLE ONE** |  |
| **DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE** | **DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE** |  |
|  Section 1.01 | Definitions | - 1 - |
|  Section 1.02 | Other Definitions | - 3 - |
|  Section 1.03 | Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act | - 4 - |
|  Section 1.04 | Rules of Construction | - 4 - |
| **ARTICLE TWO** | **ARTICLE TWO** |  |
| **THE SECURITIES** | **THE SECURITIES** |  |
|  Section 2.01 | Form and Dating | - 4 - |
|  Section 2.02 | Execution and Authentication | - 6 - |
|  Section 2.03 | Registrar and Paying Agent | - 7 - |
|  Section 2.04 | Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust | - 7 - |
|  Section 2.05 | Securityholder Lists | - 7 - |
|  Section 2.06 | Transfer and Exchange | - 7 - |
|  Section 2.07 | Replacement Securities | - 8 - |
|  Section 2.08 | Outstanding Securities | - 8 - |
|  Section 2.09 | Temporary Securities | - 8 - |
|  Section 2.10 | Cancellation | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.11 | Defaulted Interest | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.12 | Treasury Securities | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.13 | CUSIP/ISIN Numbers | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.14 | Deposit of Moneys | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.15 | Book-Entry Provisions for Global Security | - 9 - |
|  Section 2.16 | No Duty to Monitor | - 11 - |
| **ARTICLE THREE** | **ARTICLE THREE** |  |
| **REDEMPTION; REPURCHASE** | **REDEMPTION; REPURCHASE** |  |
|  Section 3.01 | Notices to Trustee | - 11 - |
|  Section 3.02 | Selection of Securities to be Redeemed | - 11 - |
|  Section 3.03 | Notice of Redemption | - 12 - |
|  Section 3.04 | Effect of Notice of Redemption | - 12 - |
|  Section 3.05 | Deposit of Redemption Price | - 13 - |
|  Section 3.06 | Securities Redeemed in Part | - 13 - |
|  Section 3.07 | Repurchases in the Open Market | - 13 - |
| **ARTICLE FOUR** | **ARTICLE FOUR** |  |
| **COVENANTS** | **COVENANTS** |  |
|  Section 4.01 | Payment of Securities | - 13 - |
|  Section 4.02 | Maintenance of Office or Agency | - 13 - |
|  Section 4.03 | Compliance Certificate | - 13 - |
|  Section 4.04 | Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws | - 14 - |
|  Section 4.05 | SEC Reports | - 14 - |

---

ii

------

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **ARTICLE FIVE** | **ARTICLE FIVE** |  |
| **SUCCESSOR CORPORATION** | **SUCCESSOR CORPORATION** |  |
|  Section 5.01 | When Company May Merge, etc. | - 14 - |
| **ARTICLE SIX** | **ARTICLE SIX** |  |
| **DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES** | **DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES** |  |
|  Section 6.01 | Events of Default | - 15 - |
|  Section 6.02 | Acceleration | - 15 - |
|  Section 6.03 | Other Remedies | - 16 - |
|  Section 6.04 | Waiver of Existing Defaults | - 16 - |
|  Section 6.05 | Control by Majority | - 16 - |
|  Section 6.06 | Limitation on Suits | - 17 - |
|  Section 6.07 | Rights of Holders to Receive Payment | - 17 - |
|  Section 6.08 | Collection Suit by Trustee | - 17 - |
|  Section 6.09 | Trustee May File Proofs of Claim | - 17 - |
|  Section 6.10 | Priorities | - 18 - |
|  Section 6.11 | Undertaking for Costs | - 18 - |
| **ARTICLE SEVEN** | **ARTICLE SEVEN** |  |
| **TRUSTEE** | **TRUSTEE** |  |
|  Section 7.01 | Duties of Trustee | - 18 - |
|  Section 7.02 | Rights of Trustee | - 19 - |
|  Section 7.03 | Individual Rights of Trustee | - 20 - |
|  Section 7.04 | Trustee's Disclaimer | - 20 - |
|  Section 7.05 | Notice of Defaults | - 21 - |
|  Section 7.06 | Reports by Trustee to Holders | - 21 - |
|  Section 7.07 | Compensation and Indemnity | - 21 - |
|  Section 7.08 | Replacement of Trustee | - 21 - |
|  Section 7.09 | Successor Trustee by Merger, etc. | - 22 - |
|  Section 7.10 | Eligibility; Disqualification | - 22 - |
|  Section 7.11 | Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company | - 22 - |
| **ARTICLE EIGHT** | **ARTICLE EIGHT** |  |
| **DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE** | **DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE** |  |
|  Section 8.01 | Defeasance upon Deposit of Moneys or Government Obligations; Satisfaction and Discharge | - 22 - |
|  Section 8.02 | Survival of the Company's Obligations | - 24 - |
|  Section 8.03 | Application of Trust Money | - 25 - |
|  Section 8.04 | Repayment to the Company | - 25 - |
|  Section 8.05 | Reinstatement | - 25 - |

---

iii

------

---

| | | |
|:---|:---|:---|
| **ARTICLE NINE** | **ARTICLE NINE** |  |
| **AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS** | **AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS** |  |
|  Section 9.01 | Without Consent of Holders | - 25 - |
|  Section 9.02 | With Consent of Holders | - 26 - |
|  Section 9.03 | Compliance with Trust Indenture Act | - 27 - |
|  Section 9.04 | Revocation and Effect of Consents | - 27 - |
|  Section 9.05 | Notation on or Exchange of Securities | - 27 - |
|  Section 9.06 | Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc. | - 28 - |
| **ARTICLE TEN** | **ARTICLE TEN** |  |
| **SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES** | **SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES** |  |
|  Section 10.01 | Applicability of Article | - 28 - |
| **ARTICLE ELEVEN** | **ARTICLE ELEVEN** |  |
| **MISCELLANEOUS** | **MISCELLANEOUS** |  |
|  Section 11.01 | Trust Indenture Act Controls | - 28 - |
|  Section 11.02 | Notices | - 28 - |
|  Section 11.03 | Communications by Holders with Other Holders | - 29 - |
|  Section 11.04 | Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent | - 29 - |
|  Section 11.05 | Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.06 | Rules by Trustee and Agents | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.07 | Legal Holidays | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.08 | Governing Law | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.09 | No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.10 | No Recourse Against Others | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.11 | Successors and Assigns | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.12 | Duplicate Originals | - 30 - |
|  Section 11.13 | Severability | - 31 - |
|  Section 11.14 | PATRIOT ACT | - 31 - |
|  Section 11.15 | Waiver of Jury Trial | - 31 - |

---

SIGNATURES

EXHIBIT A – Form of Security

iv

------

INDENTURE dated as of , (the "**Base Indenture**"), by and between **Cogent Biosciences, Inc.**, a Delaware corporation (the "**Company**") and , as trustee (the "**Trustee**").

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Company's debt securities issued under this Base Indenture:

**ARTICLE ONE** 

**DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE** 

**Section 1.01 <u>Definitions.</u>** 

"**Affiliate**" means, when used with reference to a specified person, any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Person specified.

"**Agent**" means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-Registrar or agent for service of notices and demands.

"**Authorizing Resolution**" means a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors or by an Officer or committee of Officers pursuant to delegation by the Board of Directors authorizing a Series of Securities.

"**Bankruptcy Law**" means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

"**Board of Directors**" means the Board of Directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof.

"**Business Day**" means any calendar day that is not a Saturday or Sunday and that is not a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York (or any other place of payment) are authorized or required by law or executive order to close.

"**capital stock**" means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of or in such Person's capital stock or other equity interests.

"**Company**" means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to the Indenture and thereafter means the successor.

"**control**" means, when used with respect to any Person, the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "<u>controlling</u>" and "<u>controlled</u>" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

"**Default**" means any event, act or condition that is, or after notice or the passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

"**Definitive Security**" means a certificated Security registered in the name of the Securityholder thereof.

"**Depositary**" means, with respect to Securities of any Series which the Company shall determine will be issued in whole or in part as a Global Security, DTC, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, and any other applicable U.S. or foreign statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>2.01</u>.

"**Dollars**" and "**$**" means United States Dollars.

"**DTC**" means The Depository Trust Company.

"**Exchange Act**" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

------

"**Foreign Currency**" means any currency, currency unit or composite currency, including, without limitation, the euro, issued by the government of one or more countries other than the United States of America or by any recognized confederation or association of such governments.

"**GAAP**" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, as in effect from time to time.

"**Global Security**" means, with respect to any Series of Securities, a Security executed by the Company and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary's instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.

"**Government Obligations**" means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States or the other government or governments in the confederation which issued the Foreign Currency in which the principal of or any interest on the Security of the applicable Series shall be payable, in each case for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States or such other government or governments, in each case the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States or such other government or governments, which, in either case are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligations or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depositary receipt; *provided* that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.

"**Holder**" or "**Securityholder**" means the Person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar's books.

"**Indenture**" means this Base Indenture as amended or supplemented from time to time, including pursuant to any Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture pertaining to any Series, and including, for all purposes of this instrument and any such Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture, the provisions of the TIA that are deemed to be a part of and govern this Base Indenture and any such Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture, respectively.

"**Issue Date**" means, with respect to any Series of Securities, the date on which the Securities of such Series are originally issued under this Indenture.

"**NYUCC**" means the New York Uniform Commercial Code, as in effect from time to time.

"**Officer**" means the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Accounting Officer, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of the Company.

"**Officer's Certificate**" means a certificate signed by an Officer of the Company.

"**Opinion of Counsel**" means a written opinion of counsel, which may be may be an employee of or counsel to the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any Person of which the Company is a Subsidiary.

"**Person**" means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

"**principal**" of a debt security means the principal of the security *plus*, when appropriate, the premium, if any, on the security.

------

"**Property**" of any Person means all types of real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed property owned by such Person, whether or not included in the most recent consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Subsidiaries under GAAP.

"**SEC**" means the Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor agency performing the duties now assigned to it under the TIA.

"**Securities**" means any securities that are issued under this Base Indenture.

"**Series**" means a series of Securities established under this Base Indenture.

"**Subsidiary**" of any Person means any corporation or other entity of which at least majority of the outstanding capital stock or other equity interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the directors, managers or trustees of such corporation or other entity, irrespective of whether or not at the time capital stock or other equity securities of any other class or classes of such corporation or other entity shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency, is at the time, directly or indirectly, owned, or controlled by such Person or by one or more of its Subsidiaries, or by such Person and one or more of its Subsidiaries.

"**TIA**" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

"**Trust Officer**" means, when used with respect to the Trustee, any officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee, including any vice president, assistant vice president, assistant secretary, senior associate, associate, trust officer or any other officer of the Trustee who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person's knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who, in each case, shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

"**Trustee**" means the party named as such in this Base Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to this Base Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder; *provided*, *however*, that if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.

"**United States**" means the United States of America.

**Section 1.02 <u>Other Definitions.</u>** 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Term** | **Defined in Section** |
|  Agent Members | 2.15 |
|  Base Indenture | Preamble |
|  Covenant Defeasance | 8.01 |
|  Custodian | 6.01 |
|  Event of Default | 6.01 |
|  Legal Defeasance | 8.01 |
|  Legal Holiday | 11.07 |
|  Paying Agent | 2.03 |
|  Registrar | 2.03 |
|  Security Register | 2.03 |
|  Successor | 5.01 |

---

------

**Section 1.03 <u>Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act.</u>** 

Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

"Commission" means the SEC.

"indenture securities" means the Securities of a particular Series.

"indenture security holder" means a Securityholder.

"indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture.

"indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the Trustee.

"obligor" on the indenture securities means the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of a Series.

All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule have the meanings so assigned to them.

**Section 1.04 <u>Rules of Construction.</u>** 

Unless the context otherwise requires:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) a term has the meaning assigned to it herein;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP and all
accounting determinations shall be made in accordance with GAAP;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) "or" is not exclusive and "including" means "including without limitation";

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) "herein," "hereof" and "hereunder," and other words of similar import,
refer to this Indenture as a whole (including any Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture relating to the relevant Series) and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) all exhibits are incorporated by reference herein and expressly made a part of this Indenture; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) any transaction or event shall be considered "permitted by" or made "in accordance
with" or "in compliance with" this Indenture or any particular provision thereof if such transaction or event is not expressly prohibited by this Indenture or such provision, as the case may be.

**ARTICLE TWO** 

**THE SECURITIES** 

**Section 2.01 <u>Form and Dating.</u>** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the title of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the aggregate principal amount (or any limit on the aggregate principal amount) of the Series and, if any
Securities of a Series are to be issued at a discount from their face amount, or with a premium, the method of computing the accretion of such discount or computing such premium;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) the interest rate or method of calculation of the interest rate;

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) the date from which interest will accrue;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) the record dates for interest payable on Securities of the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) the dates when, places where and manner in which principal and interest are payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) if there is more than one Trustee or a Trustee other than    , the identity of the
Trustee and, if not the Trustee, the identity of each Registrar, Paying Agent or authenticating agent with respect to such Securities

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(8) the terms of any mandatory (including any sinking fund requirements) or optional redemption by the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(9) the terms of any redemption at the option of Holders;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(10) the permissible denominations in which Securities of such Series are issuable, if different from $2,000 and
multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(11) whether Securities of such Series will be issued in registered or bearer form and the terms of any such forms
of Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(12) whether the Securities of the Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or
Securities, the terms and conditions, if different from those contained in this Base Indenture, upon which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for Definitive Securities; the Depositary for such Global Security or
Securities; the form of any legend or legends, if any, to be borne by any such Global Security or Securities in addition to or in lieu of the legends referred to in <u>Section</u> <u>2.15</u>;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(13) the currency or currencies (including any composite currency) in which principal or interest or both may be
paid and the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing any composite currency;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(14) if payments of principal or interest may be made in a currency other than that in which Securities of such
Series are denominated, the manner for determining such payments, including the time and manner of determining the exchange rate between the currency in which such Securities are denominated and the currency in which such Securities or any of them
may be paid, and any deletions from or modifications of or additions to the terms of this Indenture to provide for or to facilitate the issuance of Securities denominated or payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof or otherwise,
in a Foreign Currency;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(15) whether the amount of payments of principal of or any interest on, such Securities may be determined with
reference to an index, formula, financial or economic measure or other method or methods (which index, formula, measure or method or methods may be based, without limitation, on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices)
and if so, the terms and conditions upon which and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined and paid or be payable;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(16) provisions for electronic issuance of Securities or issuance of Securities of such Series in uncertificated
form;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(17) any Events of Default, covenants, defined terms and/or other terms in addition to or in lieu of those set forth
in this Base Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(18) whether and upon what terms Securities of such Series may be defeased or discharged if different from the
provisions set forth in this Base Indenture;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(19) the form of the Securities of such Series, which, unless the Authorizing Resolution, Officer's
Certificate or supplemental indenture otherwise provides, shall be in the form of <u>Exhibit A</u>;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(20) any terms that may be required by or advisable under applicable law;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(21) the percentage of the principal amount of the Securities of such Series which is payable if the maturity of the
Securities of such Series is accelerated in the case of Securities issued at a discount from their face amount;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(22) whether Securities of such Series will or will not have the benefit of guarantees and, if applicable, the terms
and conditions upon which such guarantees may be subordinated to other indebtedness of the respective guarantors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(23) whether the Securities of such Series are senior or subordinated debt securities, and if subordinated debt
securities, the terms of such subordination;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(24) whether the Securities of the Series will be convertible into or exchangeable for other Securities, shares of
common stock, other securities, cash or other Property of any kind of the Company or another Person or Persons, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the initial conversion
or exchange price or rate or the method of calculation, how and when the conversion price or exchange ratio may be adjusted, whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at the Company's option, the conversion or
exchange period, and any other provision in relation thereto; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(25) any other terms in addition to or different from those contained in this Base Indenture applicable to such
Series (including, without limitation, whether and which terms of the TIA shall be applicable to such Series).

All Securities of one Series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a Series may be reopened for issuances of additional Securities of such Series pursuant to an Authorizing Resolution, an Officer's Certificate or in any indenture supplemental hereto.

The creation and issuance of a Series and the authentication and delivery thereof are not subject to any conditions precedent.

**Section 2.02 <u>Execution and Authentication.</u>** 

One Officer shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual, electronic or facsimile signature.

If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Trustee authenticates the Security, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.

A Security shall not be valid until the Trustee signs the certificate of authentication on the Security by manual, electronic or facsimile signature. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Base Indenture.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. The Trustee shall authenticate Securities for original issue upon receipt of, and shall be fully protected in relying upon:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) an order to the Trustee signed by an Officer of the Company directing the Trustee to authenticate the Securities;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) an Officer's Certificate of the Company delivered in accordance with <u>Section</u> <u>11.04</u>; and

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) an Opinion of Counsel delivered in accordance with <u>Section</u> <u>11.04</u>.

The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken or if the Trustee in good faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to existing Holders.

**Section 2.03 <u>Registrar and Paying Agent.</u>** 

The Company shall maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or where Securities of a Series that are convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for conversion or exchange ("**Registrar**"), an office or agency where Securities may be presented for payment ("**Paying Agent**") and an office or agency where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange (the "**Security Register**"). The Company may have one or more co-Registrars and one or more additional paying agents. The term "Paying Agent" includes any additional paying agent. The Company may at any time rescind the designation of any Registrar or Paying Agent or approve a change in the office through which the Registrar or Paying Agent acts.

The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Agent not a party to this Base Indenture. The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of any such Agent and the Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Securities Register at all reasonable times to obtain copies thereof, and the Trustee shall have the right to rely upon such register as to the names and addresses of the Holders and the principal amounts and certificate numbers thereof. If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent or fails to give the foregoing notice, the Trustee shall act as such.

The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Registrar and Paying Agent.

**Section 2.04 <u>Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust.</u>** 

Each Paying Agent shall hold in trust for the benefit of Securityholders and the Trustee all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Securities, and shall notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money and hold it as a separate trust fund. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon doing so the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for the money. Upon an Event of Default under <u>Section</u> <u>6.01(4)</u> or <u>(5)</u> the Trustee shall automatically be the Paying Agent.

**Section 2.05 <u>Securityholder</u> <u>Lists.</u>** 

The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders. If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least five Business Days before each semiannual interest payment date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Securityholders.

**Section 2.06 <u>Transfer and Exchange.</u>** 

Where a Security is presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register a transfer, the Registrar shall register the transfer as requested if the requirements of Section 8-401(a) of the NYUCC are met and the other provisions of this <u>Section</u> <u>2.06</u> and, to the extent applicable, <u>Section</u> <u>2.15</u>, are satisfied. Where Securities are presented to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of other denominations, the Registrar shall make the exchange as requested if the same requirements are met. To permit transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar's request. The Registrar need not transfer or exchange any Security selected for redemption or repurchase, or transfer or exchange any Security for a period of 15 days before a selection of Securities to be redeemed or repurchased. Any exchange

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or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto except in the case of exchanges pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>2.09</u>, <u>Section</u> <u>3.06</u>, or <u>Section</u> <u>9.05</u> not involving any transfer. In connection with the foregoing, the Registrar may require a Holder to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents.

Any Holder of a Global Security shall, by acceptance of such Global Security, agree that transfers of beneficial interests in such Global Security may be effected only through a book entry system maintained by the Holder of such Global Security (or its agent), and that ownership of a beneficial interest in the Security shall be required to be reflected in a book entry.

**Section 2.07 <u>Replacement Securities.</u>** 

If the Holder of a Security claims that the Security has been lost, destroyed, mutilated or wrongfully taken, the Company shall issue and execute a replacement security and, upon written request of any Officer of the Company, the Trustee shall authenticate such replacement Security, *provided*, in the case of a lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken Security, that the requirements of Section 8-405 of the NYUCC are met. If any such lost, destroyed, mutilated or wrongfully taken Security shall have matured or shall be about to mature, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security therefor, pay such Security without requiring (except in the case of a mutilated Security) the surrender thereof. An indemnity bond must be sufficient in the judgment of the Trustee to protect the Trustee and in the judgment of the Company to protect the Company, the Trustee and any Agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced, including the acquisition of such Security by a bona fide purchaser. The Company and the Trustee may charge for their expenses in replacing a Security.

**Section 2.08 <u>Outstanding Securities.</u>** 

Securities outstanding at any time are all Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those cancelled by it and those described in this Section. A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or one of its Affiliates holds the Security.

If a Security is replaced pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>2.07</u>, it ceases to be outstanding unless the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a "protected purchaser" (as such term is defined in the NYUCC).

If the Paying Agent holds on a redemption date, purchase date or maturity date money sufficient to pay Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

**Section 2.09 <u>Temporary Securities.</u>** 

Until Definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may execute and the Trustee shall (upon receipt of an order from the Company) authenticate temporary Securities. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of Definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and, upon surrender for cancellation of the temporary Security, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as Definitive Securities authenticated and delivered hereunder.

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**Section 2.10 <u>Cancellation.</u>** 

The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange, redemption, purchase or payment. The Trustee and no one else shall cancel and dispose of such cancelled or tendered Securities, or retain in accordance with its standard retention policy, all Securities surrendered for registration of transfer, exchange, redemption, purchase, payment or cancellation. Unless the Authorizing Resolution, Officer's Certificate or supplemental indenture so provides, the Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has previously paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

**Section 2.11 <u>Defaulted Interest.</u>** 

If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Securities of any Series, it shall pay the defaulted interest *plus* any interest payable on the defaulted interest to the persons who are Securityholders of such Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company shall fix such special record date and a payment date. At least 15 days before such special record date, the Company shall send to each Securityholder of the relevant Series (with a copy to the Trustee) a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest to be paid. On or before the date such notice is sent, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the amount of defaulted interest to be so paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

**Section 2.12 <u>Treasury Securities.</u>** 

In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any direction, waiver, consent or notice, Securities owned by the Company or any of its Affiliates shall be considered as though they are not outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Securities which a Trust Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so considered.

**Section 2.13 <u>CUSIP/ISIN Numbers.</u>** 

The Company in issuing the Securities of any Series may use a "CUSIP" and/or "ISIN" or other similar number, and if so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such Securities; *provided* that no representation is hereby deemed to be made by the Trustee as to the correctness or accuracy of any such CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number printed in the notice or on such Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on such Securities. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of any change in any CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number.

**Section 2.14 <u>Deposit of Moneys.</u>** 

Prior to 1:00 p.m. New York City time on each interest payment date and maturity date with respect to each Series of Securities, the Company shall have deposited with the Paying Agent in immediately available funds money in the applicable currency sufficient to make cash payments due on such interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be, in a timely manner which permits the Paying Agent to remit payment to the Holders of such Series on such interest payment date or maturity date, as the case may be.

**Section 2.15 <u>Book-Entry Provisions for Global Security.</u>** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) Any Global Security of a Series initially shall (i) be registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of such Depositary, (ii) be delivered to the Trustee as custodian for such Depositary and (iii) bear any required legends.

Members of, or participants in, the Depositary ("**Agent Members**") shall have no rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security held on their behalf by the Depositary, or the Trustee as its custodian, or under the Global Security, and the Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner of the Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or impair, as between the Depositary and its Agent Members, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of a Holder of any Security.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Transfers of any Global Security shall be limited to transfers in whole, but not in part, to the Depositary, its successors or their respective nominees. Global Securities of a Series will be exchangeable for Definitive Securities of such Series without interest coupons only in the following limited circumstances: (i) the Depositary (1) notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for such Global Securities of such Series or (2) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days; (ii) the Company notifies the Trustee in writing that the Company has elected to cause the issuance of such Definitive Securities of such Series under the Indenture or (iii) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to Securities of such Series and the Registrar has received a request from the Depositary to issue Definitive Securities of such Series. In all such cases, Definitive Securities delivered in exchange for any Global Securities or beneficial interests therein will be registered in the names, and issued in any approved denominations, requested by or on behalf of the Depositary (in accordance with its customary procedures).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) In connection with any transfer or exchange of a portion of the beneficial interest in any Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to <u>paragraph (b)</u>, the Registrar shall (if one or more Definitive Securities are to be issued) reflect on its books and records the date and a decrease in the principal amount of the Global Security in an amount equal to the principal amount of the beneficial interest in the Global Security to be transferred, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, one or more Definitive Securities of like Series and amount.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) In connection with the transfer of an entire Global Security to beneficial owners pursuant to <u>paragraph (b)</u>, the Global Security shall be deemed to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, to each beneficial owner identified by the Depositary in exchange for its beneficial interest in the Global Security, an equal aggregate principal amount of Definitive Securities of the same Series in authorized denominations.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Holder of any Global Security may grant proxies and otherwise authorize any person, including Agent Members and persons that may hold interests through Agent Members, to take any action which a Holder is entitled to take under this Indenture or the Securities of such Series.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) Unless otherwise provided in the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture for a particular Series of Securities, each Global Security of such Series shall bear legends in substantially the following forms:

"THIS GLOBAL SECURITY IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE HOLDERS OF BENEFICIAL INTERESTS HEREIN, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (I) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE ANY SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE, (II) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.06 OF THE BASE INDENTURE, (III) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE AND (IV) THIS GLOBAL SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED AS A WHOLE, BUT NOT IN PART, TO THE DEPOSITARY, ITS SUCCESSORS OR THEIR RESPECTIVE NOMINEES."

UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION ("DTC"), TO ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN."

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**Section 2.16 <u>No Duty to Monitor.</u>** 

The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among Agent Members or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.

Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

**ARTICLE THREE** 

**REDEMPTION; REPURCHASE** 

**Section 3.01 <u>Notices to Trustee.</u>** 

Securities of a Series that are redeemable prior to maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and, unless the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture provides otherwise, in accordance with this <u>Article Three</u>.

If the Company wants to redeem Securities pursuant to any provisions of such Securities permitting the Company to redeem such Securities at its option, it shall notify the Trustee in writing of the redemption date and the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed. Any such notice may be cancelled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being sent to Holders. Any such cancelled notice shall be void and of no effect.

If the Company wants to credit any Securities previously redeemed, retired or acquired against any redemption pursuant to any provisions of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee of the amount of the credit and it shall deliver any Securities not previously delivered to the Trustee for cancellation with such notice.

The Company shall give each notice provided for in this <u>Section</u> <u>3.01</u> at least two days before the notice of any such redemption is to be delivered to Holders (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee).

**Section 3.02 <u>Selection of Securities to be Redeemed.</u>** 

If fewer than all of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee (or Depositary, as applicable) shall select the Securities to be redeemed pro rata, by lot, or such other method the Trustee (or Depositary, as applicable) considers fair and appropriate and in a manner that complies with applicable requirements of the Depositary. The Trustee (or Depositary, as applicable) shall make the selection from Securities outstanding not previously called for redemption and shall promptly notify the Company of the serial numbers or other identifying attributes of the Securities so selected. The Trustee (or Depositary, as applicable) may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities that have denominations larger than the minimum denomination for the Series. Securities and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts equal to a permissible denomination for the Series. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption.

Unless otherwise provided in the Authorizing Resolution, Officer's Certificate or supplemental indenture relating to a Series, if any Security selected for partial redemption is converted into or exchanged for common stock or other securities, cash or other Property in part before termination of the conversion or exchange right with respect to the portion of the Security so selected, the converted portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption. Securities which have been converted or exchanged during a selection of Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by the Trustee as outstanding for the purpose of such selection.

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**Section 3.03 <u>Notice of Redemption.</u>** 

At least 10 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall send a notice of redemption by first-class mail, postage prepaid (or in the case of Global Securities, deliver electronically in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary), to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed (with a copy to the Trustee).

The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the redemption date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the redemption price or the formula pursuant to which such price will be calculated;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed
and that, after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued upon cancellation of the original Security;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) in the case of Securities of a Series that are convertible or exchangeable into shares of the Company's
common stock or other securities, cash or other Property, the conversion or exchange price or rate, the date or dates on which the right to convert or exchange the principal of the Securities of such Series to be redeemed will commence or terminate
and the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for conversion or exchange;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) that, unless the Company defaults in payment of the redemption price, interest on Securities called for
redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(8) that the Securities are being redeemed pursuant to the mandatory redemption or the optional redemption
provisions, as applicable; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(9) the CUSIP number and that no representation is hereby deemed to be made be made by the Trustee as to the
correctness or accuracy of any such CUSIP and/or ISIN or other similar number printed in the notice or on such Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on such Securities.

At the Company's request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company's name and at its expense; *provided*, *however*, that the Company shall deliver to the Trustee at least five days prior to the date on which notice of redemption is to be sent or such shorter period as may be satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officer's Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as provided in the preceding paragraph and the form of such notice.

**Section 3.04 <u>Effect of Notice of Redemption.</u>** 

Once notice of redemption is sent, Securities called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price as set forth in the notice of redemption. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price, *plus* accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Notices of redemption may be subject to one or more conditions. In the event that any such conditions are not satisfied the Company may amend or revoke such notice of redemption by sending notice to Securityholders (with a copy to the Trustee) in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary.

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**Section 3.05 <u>Deposit of Redemption Price.</u>** 

On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent immediately available funds in the applicable currency sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest on all Securities to be redeemed on that date.

**Section 3.06 <u>Securities Redeemed in Part.</u>** 

Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate for each Holder a new Security of the same Series equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.

**Section 3.07 <u>Repurchases in the Open Market.</u>** 

The Company or any Affiliate of the Company may at any time or from time to time repurchase any of the Securities in the open market or otherwise, whether from one Noteholder or several Noteholders, or whether in one repurchase or a series of repurchases. Such Securities may, at the option of the Company or the relevant Affiliate of the Company, be held, resold or surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation.

**ARTICLE FOUR** 

**COVENANTS** 

**Section 4.01 <u>Payment of Securities.</u>** 

The Company shall pay the principal of and interest on a Series on the dates, in the currency and in the manner provided in the Securities of the Series. An installment of principal or interest shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Paying Agent holds on that date money in the applicable currency designated for and sufficient to pay the installment.

The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal at the rate borne by the Series; it shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest at the same rate.

**Section 4.02 <u>Maintenance of Office or Agency.</u>** 

The Company shall maintain the office or agency required under <u>Section</u> <u>2.03</u>. The Company shall give prior written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee, provided that the Trustee shall not be the agent for service of legal process on the Company.

**Section 4.03 <u>Compliance Certificate.</u>** 

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company an Officer's Certificate stating whether or not the signer knows of any continuing Event of Default by the Company in performing any of its obligations under this Indenture. If the signer does know of such an Event of Default, the certificate shall describe such Event of Default.

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**Section 4.04 <u>Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.</u>** 

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law that would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on the Securities of any Series as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) the Company expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

**Section 4.05 <u>SEC Reports.</u>** 

The Company covenants to comply with Section 314 of the TIA. Delivery of such information and documents to the Trustee under this Section 4.05 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of such shall not constitute actual or constructive knowledge of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer's Certificates).

**ARTICLE FIVE** 

**SUCCESSOR CORPORATION** 

**Section 5.01 <u>When Company May Merge, etc.</u>** 

The Company will not consolidate or merge with or into, or sell, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets (including by way of liquidation or dissolution) to, any Person (in each case other than in a transaction in which the Company is the survivor of a consolidation or merger, or the transferee in a sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition) unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Person formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such
sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition will be made (collectively, the "**Successor** "), is a corporation or other legal entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of
Columbia, and the Successor assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of the Company under any outstanding Securities and the Indenture as it relates to such outstanding Securities, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

The foregoing provisions shall not apply to a transaction the purpose of which is to change the state of incorporation of the Company.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the consummation of the proposed transaction an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the proposed transaction and any supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture.

Upon any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition, the Successor will be substituted for the Company under the Indenture. The Successor may then exercise every power and right of the Company under this Indenture, and except in the case of a lease, the Company will be released from all of its liabilities and obligations in respect of the Securities and the Indenture. If the Company leases all or substantially all of its assets the Company will not be released from its obligations to pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities.

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**ARTICLE SIX** 

**DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES** 

**Section 6.01 <u>Events of Default.</u>** 

An "**Event of Default**" on a Series occurs if, voluntarily or involuntarily, whether by operation of law or otherwise, any of the following occurs:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the failure by the Company to pay interest on any Security of such Series when the same becomes due and payable
and the continuance of any such failure for a period of 30 days;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the failure by the Company to pay the principal of any Security of such Series when the same becomes due and
payable at maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) the failure by the Company to comply with any of its agreements or covenants in, or provisions of, the
Securities of such Series or this Indenture (as they relate thereto) and such failure continues for the period and after the notice specified below;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(A) commences a voluntary case,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(B) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(C) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its Property, or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(A) is for relief against the Company as debtor in an involuntary case,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(B) appoints a Custodian of the Company or a Custodian for all or substantially all of the Property of the Company,
or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(C) orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days.

A Default described in <u>subclause (3)</u> above will not be deemed an Event of Default until the Trustee notifies the Company, or the Holders of at least 25 percent in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of the applicable Series notify the Company and the Trustee, of the Default and the Company does not cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice of Default." If such a Default is cured within such time period, such Default ceases to exist, without any action by the Trustee or any other Person.

The term "**Custodian**" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, custodian or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

**Section 6.02 <u>Acceleration.</u>** 

If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default with respect to the Company resulting from <u>subclause (4)</u> or <u>(5)</u> of <u>Section</u> <u>6.01</u>), shall have occurred and be continuing under the Indenture, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25 percent in principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series then outstanding by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare all Securities of such Series to be due and payable immediately. Upon such declaration of acceleration, the amounts due and payable on the Securities of such Series will be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default with respect to the Company specified in <u>subclause (4)</u> or <u>(5)</u> of <u>Section</u> <u>6.01</u> occurs, all unpaid principal and accrued interest of the Securities of such Series will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration, notice or other act on the part of the Trustee and the Company or any Holder.

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At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to any Series has been made, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences, if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(A) all overdue interest on all Securities of that Series,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of that Series which have become due otherwise than
by such declaration of acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates
prescribed therefor in such Securities, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) all Events of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series, other than the non-payment of the principal and interest, if any, of the Securities of that Series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 6.04.

No such rescission shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent Event of Default, or shall impair any right or power consequent thereon.

**Section 6.03 <u>Other Remedies.</u>** 

If an Event of Default on a Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of principal of or interest on the Series or to enforce the performance of any provision in the Securities or this Indenture applicable to the Series.

The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Securityholder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies are cumulative.

**Section 6.04 <u>Waiver of Existing Defaults.</u>** 

Subject to the last sentence of the first paragraph of <u>Section</u> <u>9.02</u>, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of all Series affected by a waiver, on behalf of all the Holders of all such Series by notice to the Trustee have the waive an existing Default on all such Series and its consequences (other than a Default in respect of a covenant or a provision of the Indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of all Holders of the applicable Series). When a Default is waived, it is cured and stops continuing, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

**Section 6.05 <u>Control by Majority.</u>** 

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of a Series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on it with respect to such Series. The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction (i) that conflicts with law or this Indenture, (ii) that, subject to <u>Section</u> <u>7.01</u>, the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Securityholders, (iii) that would involve the Trustee in personal liability, if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that adequate indemnity against such liability is not reasonably assured to it, or (iv) if the Trustee shall not have been provided with indemnity satisfactory to it.

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**Section 6.06 <u>Limitation on Suits.</u>** 

A Securityholder of a Series may not pursue any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the Indenture, such Series, or Securities in respect of any such Series, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Series unless:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Holder has previously given to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default on the Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of the Series have made
a written request to the Trustee to institute such proceeding as Trustee;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss,
liability or expense;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of
indemnity; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) no written request inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee by the Holders
of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series.

A Securityholder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of Securities of the same Series or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of Securities of the same Series (it being understood that the Trustee does not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearances by such Holder are unduly prejudicial to another Holder).

**Section 6.07 <u>Rights of Holders to Receive Payment.</u>** 

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, if applicable by the terms of any such Security, the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal of and interest on any Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, is absolute and unconditional and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.

**Section 6.08 <u>Collection Suit by Trustee.</u>** 

If an Event of Default in payment of interest or principal specified in <u>Section</u> <u>6.01(1)</u> or <u>(2)</u> occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount of principal and interest remaining unpaid.

**Section 6.09 <u>Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.</u>** 

The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements, and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Securityholders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company or its creditors or Property, and unless prohibited by applicable law or regulation, may vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a Custodian, and shall be entitled and empowered to collect and receive any moneys or other Property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same and any Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Securityholder to make such payments to the Trustee. Nothing herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder except as aforesaid for the election of the Custodian.

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**Section 6.10 <u>Priorities.</u>** 

If the Trustee collects any money or Property pursuant to this Article with respect to Securities of any Series, it shall pay out the money in the following order:

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| *First*: | to the Trustee for amounts due under <u>Section 7.07;</u> |
| *Second*: | to Securityholders of the Series for amounts due and unpaid on the Series for principal and interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Series for principal and interest, respectively; and |
| *Third*: | to the Company or as a court of competent jurisdiction shall direct. |

---

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Securityholders pursuant to this <u>Section</u> <u>6.10</u>.

**Section 6.11 <u>Undertaking for Costs.</u>** 

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having the due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>6.07</u> or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the Series.

**ARTICLE SEVEN** 

**TRUSTEE** 

**Section 7.01 <u>Duties of Trustee.</u>** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions from the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of the Series, exercise its rights and powers and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. The Trustee, however, in the case of certificates or opinions specifically required by any provision hereof to be furnished to it, shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts or matters stated therein.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) This paragraph does not limit the effect of <u>paragraph (b)</u> of this Section.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>6.05</u> or any other direction of the Holders permitted hereunder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to <u>paragraphs (a)</u>, <u>(b)</u> and <u>(c)</u> of this Section.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power if the Trustee has reasonable grounds to believe that such performance or exercise would require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability for the performance, unless it receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such liability is not reasonably assured to it.

**Section 7.02 <u>Rights of Trustee.</u>** 

Subject to <u>Section</u> <u>7.01</u>:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting on any document, resolution, certificate, instrument, report, or direction believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document, resolution, certificate, instrument, report, or direction.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting at the request of the Company, it may require an Officer's Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both, which shall conform to <u>Sections 11.04</u> and <u>11.05</u> hereof. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on the Officer's Certificate, Opinion of Counsel or any other direction of the Company permitted hereunder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed with due care.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection, and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel as to matters of law shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(f) Unless otherwise specifically provided in the Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(g) For all purposes under this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or knowledge of any Event of Default unless written notice of any Event of Default is received by a Trust Officer of the Trustee at its address specified in <u>Section</u> <u>11.02</u> hereof and such notice references the Securities generally, the Company and this Indenture.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(h) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless the Trustee receives indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Company and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(j) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(k) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(l) The Trustee may request that the Company deliver a certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(m) In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(n) The permissive rights of the Trustee enumerated herein shall not be construed as duties.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(o) The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers and duties hereunder.

**Section 7.03 <u>Individual Rights of Trustee.</u>** 

The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same with like rights. The Trustee, however, must comply with <u>Sections 7.10</u> and <u>7.11</u>.

**Section 7.04 <u>Trustee</u><u>'</u><u>s Disclaimer.</u>** 

The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture, the Securities or of any prospectus used to sell the Securities of any Series; it shall not be accountable for the Company's use of the proceeds from the Securities; it shall not be accountable for any money paid to the Company, or upon the Company's direction, if made under and in accordance with any provision of this Indenture; it shall not be responsible for the use or application of any money received by any Paying Agent other than the Trustee; and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Company in this Indenture or in the Securities other than its certificate of authentication.

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**Section 7.05 <u>Notice of Defaults.</u>** 

If a Default occurs hereunder with respect to a Series of Securities, the Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of such Series notice of all Defaults known to the Trustee which have occurred with respect to such Securities, such notice to be transmitted within 90 days after the occurrence thereof, unless such Defaults shall have been cured before the giving of such notice; provided, however, that except in the case of a Default in the payment of principal or redemption price of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Securities, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as its board of directors, executive committee, or trust committee of directors or trustees and/or Trust Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders of Securities of such Series.

**Section 7.06 <u>Reports by Trustee to Holders.</u>** 

Within 60 days after each May 15 beginning with the May 15 following the date of this Base Indenture, the Trustee shall send to each Securityholder a brief report dated as of such May 15 that complies with TIA § 313(a) (but if no event described in TIA §§ 313(a)(1) through (8) has occurred within the twelve months preceding the reporting date no report in relation thereto need be transmitted). The Trustee also shall comply with TIA § 313(b).

A copy of each report at the time of its sending to Securityholders shall be delivered to the Company and filed by the Trustee with the SEC and each national securities exchange on which the Securities are listed. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee of each national securities exchange on which the Securities are listed.

**Section 7.07 <u>Compensation and Indemnity.</u>** 

The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services subject to any written agreement between the Trustee and the Company (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust). The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee's agents and counsel. The Company shall indemnify the Trustee, its officers, directors, employees and agents and hold it harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred or made by or on behalf of it in connection with the administration of this Indenture or the trust hereunder and its duties hereunder including the costs and expenses of defending itself against or investigating any claim in the premises. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim of which it has received written notice and for which it may seek indemnity. The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee through the Trustee's, or its Officer's, directors', or employees' gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a final non-appealable order of competent jurisdiction.

Unless otherwise provided in any supplemental indenture or Authorizing Resolution relating to any Series, to ensure the Company's payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of all Series on all money or Property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities. When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in <u>Section</u> <u>6.01</u> or in connection with <u>Article Six</u> hereof, the expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. This <u>Section</u> <u>7.07</u> shall survive the discharge of the Indenture or resignation of Trustee.

**Section 7.08 <u>Replacement of Trustee.</u>** 

The Trustee may resign with respect to Securities of any or all Series by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities (or of the relevant Series) may remove the Trustee by so notifying the removed Trustee in writing and may appoint a successor trustee with the Company's consent. The Trustee for one or more Series of Securities may be removed by the Company, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such Series. The Trustee may also be removed by the Company for purposes of the Base Indenture. Such resignation or removal shall not take effect until the appointment by the Securityholders of the relevant Series or the Company as hereinafter provided of a successor trustee and the acceptance of such appointment by such successor trustee. The Company may remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee, and any Securityholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee if:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) the Trustee fails to comply with <u>Section</u> <u>7.10</u>;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its Property; or

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting.

If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of the relevant Series. If a successor trustee does not take office within 30 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee at the expense of the Company, the Company or any Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee.

A successor trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges hereunder, transfer all Property held by it as Trustee to the successor trustee, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. A successor trustee shall send notice of its succession to each Securityholder.

**Section 7.09 <u>Successor Trustee by Merger, etc.</u>** 

If the Trustee consolidates with, merges with or into or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor trustee.

**Section 7.10 <u>Eligibility; Disqualification.</u>** 

This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA § 310(a)(1). The Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $10,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 310(b).

**Section 7.11 <u>Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.</u>** 

The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.

**ARTICLE EIGHT** 

**DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE** 

**Section 8.01 <u>Defeasance upon Deposit of Moneys or Government Obligations; Satisfaction and Discharge.</u>** 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(a) The Company may, at its option and at any time, elect to have either <u>paragraph (b)</u> or <u>paragraph (c)</u> below be applied to the outstanding Securities of any Series upon compliance with the applicable conditions set forth in <u>paragraph (d)</u>.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(b) Upon the Company's exercise under <u>paragraph (a)</u> of the option applicable to this <u>paragraph (b)</u> with respect to any Series, the Company shall be deemed to have been released and discharged from its obligations with respect to the outstanding Securities of the Series on the date the applicable conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, "**Legal Defeasance**"). For this purpose, such Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the outstanding Securities of a Series,

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which shall thereafter be deemed to be "outstanding" only for the purposes of the Sections and matters under this Indenture referred to in (i) and (ii) below, and the Company shall be deemed to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned, except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (i) the rights of Holders of outstanding Securities of a Series to receive solely from the trust fund described in <u>paragraph (d)</u> below and as more fully set forth in such paragraph, payments in respect of the principal of and interest on such Securities when such payments are due and (ii) the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under <u>Section</u> <u>2.06</u>, <u>Section</u> <u>2.07</u>, <u>Section</u> <u>2.09</u> and <u>Section</u> <u>4.02</u>, (iii) the rights, powers, trusts, duties, immunities and other provisions in respect of the Trustee hereunder and (iv) this <u>Article Eight</u>. The Company may exercise its option under this <u>paragraph (b)</u> with respect to a Series notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under <u>paragraph (c)</u> below with respect to the Securities of the Series.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(c) Upon the Company's exercise under <u>paragraph (a)</u> of the option applicable to this <u>paragraph (c)</u> with respect to a Series, the Company shall be released and discharged from the obligations under any covenant contained in <u>Article Four</u> (except for <u>Sections 4.01</u> or <u>4.02</u>) or <u>Article Five</u> and any other covenant contained in or referenced in the Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture relating to such Series (to the extent such release and discharge shall not be prohibited thereby), on and after the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, "**Covenant Defeasance**"), and the Securities of such Series shall thereafter be deemed to be not "outstanding" for the purpose of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed "outstanding" for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities of a Series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under <u>Section</u> <u>6.01(3)</u> or otherwise, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(d) The following shall be the conditions to application of either <u>paragraph (b)</u> or <u>paragraph (c)</u> above to the outstanding Securities of the applicable Series:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) The Company shall have irrevocably deposited in trust with the Trustee (or another qualifying trustee) money in the currency in which the Securities of such Series are payable or Government Obligations or a combination thereof in such amounts and at such times as are sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay the principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series to maturity or redemption; *provided*, *however*, that the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) shall have received an irrevocable written order from the Company instructing the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to apply such money or the proceeds of such Government Obligations to said payments with respect to the Securities of such Series to maturity or redemption;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) No Event of Default (other than an Event of Default resulting from non-compliance with any covenant from which the Company is released upon effectiveness of such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance pursuant to <u>paragraph (b)</u> or <u>(c)</u> hereof, as applicable) shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or result therefrom;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) Such deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other material instrument or agreement to which the Company or any of any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of their Property is bound;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) (i) In the event the Company elects <u>paragraph (b)</u> hereof, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States to the effect that (A) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the Issue Date pertaining to such Series, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall state that, or (ii) in the event the Company elects <u>paragraph (c)</u> hereof, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel in the United States to the effect that, in the case of <u>clauses (i)</u> and <u>(ii)</u>, and subject to customary assumptions and exclusions, Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such deposit and the defeasance contemplated hereby and will be subject to federal income tax in the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such deposit and defeasance had not occurred;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate, stating that the deposit under <u>clause (1)</u> was not made by the Company with the intent of preferring the Holders of the Securities of such Series over any other creditors of the Company or with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or others; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) The Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent specified herein relating to the defeasance contemplated by this <u>Section</u> <u>8.01</u> have been complied with.

In the event all or any portion of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed through such irrevocable trust, the Company must make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee, at the time of such deposit, for the giving of the notice of such redemption or redemptions by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(e) The Indenture will be discharged and will cease to be of further effect as to all outstanding Securities of any Series (except as to any surviving rights of conversion or transfer or exchange of Securities of such Series expressly provided for herein or in the form of Security for such Series), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute instruments reasonably requested by the Company acknowledging such satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture with respect to such Series, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) All Securities of such Series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in <u>Section</u> <u>2.07</u> and Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (A) have become due and payable, (B) will become due and payable at maturity within one year or (C) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, and in each such case, the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another qualifying trustee) as trust funds in trust solely for that purpose an amount of money in the currency in which the Securities of such Series are payable or Government Obligations or a combination thereof sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on the Securities of such Series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal of and interest on the Securities of such Series, on the date of such deposit or to the maturity or redemption date, as the case may be;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) The Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) The Company has delivered irrevocable instructions to the Trustee (or such other qualifying trustee), to apply the deposited money toward the payment of the Securities of such Series at maturity or redemption, as the case may be; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) The Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, stating that all conditions precedent specified in this <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(e)</u> relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

**Section 8.02 <u>Survival of the Company</u><u>'</u><u>s Obligations.</u>** 

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to any Series under <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(e)</u>, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under <u>Section</u> <u>7.07</u>, and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(e)(1)</u>, the obligations of the Trustee under <u>Section</u> <u>8.03</u> and <u>Section</u> <u>8.04</u> shall survive.

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**Section 8.03 <u>Application of Trust Money.</u>** 

The Trustee shall hold in trust money or Government Obligations deposited with it pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>8.01</u>. It shall apply the deposited money and the money from Government Obligations in accordance with this Indenture to the payment of principal of and interest on the Securities of the defeased or discharged Series.

**Section 8.04 <u>Repayment to the Company.</u>** 

The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall promptly pay to the Company upon request any excess money or securities held by them at any time. The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company any money held by them for the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for two years, *provided*, *however*, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of New York or send to each such Holder notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication or sending, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. After payment to the Company, Securityholders entitled to the money must look solely to the Company for payment unless applicable abandoned property law designates another Person and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such money shall cease.

**Section 8.05 <u>Reinstatement.</u>** 

If the Trustee is unable to apply any money or Government Obligations in accordance with <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(b)</u> or <u>(c)</u> by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Company's obligations under this Indenture and the Securities relating to the Series shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(b)</u> or <u>(c)</u>, as applicable, until such time as the Trustee is permitted to apply all such money or Government Obligations in accordance with <u>Section</u> <u>8.01(b)</u> or <u>(c)</u>, as applicable; *provided*, *however*, that (a) if the Company has made any payment of interest on or principal of any Securities of the Series because of the reinstatement of its obligations hereunder, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money or Government Obligations held by the Trustee and (b) unless otherwise required by any legal proceeding or any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority, the Trustee shall return all such money or Government Obligations to the Company promptly after receiving a written request therefor at any time, if such reinstatement of the Company's obligations has occurred and continues to be in effect.

**ARTICLE NINE** 

**AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS** 

**Section 9.01 <u>Without Consent of Holders.</u>** 

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of a Series without notice to or consent of any Securityholder of such Series:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision of the Indenture which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision in the Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) to comply with <u>Article Five</u> (or any other provisions of the Indenture regarding the consolidation or
merger of the Company or the sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of its Property);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) to create a Series and establish its terms;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(5) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any Series or to surrender any
right or power conferred upon the Company by the Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(6) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of Holders of all or any Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(7) to add a guarantor or obligor in respect of any Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(8) to secure any Series;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(9) to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of this Indenture under
the TIA;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(10) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of the Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts under the Indenture by more than one trustee pursuant to the requirements set
forth in the Indenture;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(11) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(12) to conform the provisions of the Indenture to the final prospectus or offering memorandum in respect of any
Series.

After an amendment under this <u>Section</u> <u>9.01</u> becomes effective, the Company shall send notice of such amendment to the Securityholders (with a copy to the Trustee).

**Section 9.02 <u>With Consent of Holders.</u>** 

The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of a Series without notice to any Securityholder of such Series but with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by the amendment or supplement (voting as one class) (including consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities of such Series). The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by a waiver (voting as one class) may waive any existing Default under, or compliance with, any provision of the Securities of each such Series or of this Indenture relating to each such Series without notice to any Securityholder (including any waiver granted in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities of such Series). Without the consent of each Holder of a Security affected thereby, however, an amendment, supplement or waiver, including a waiver pursuant to <u>Section</u> <u>6.04</u>, may not:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest thereon, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change the coin or currency in which, such Security or any premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the stated maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the redemption date);

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) make any change to <u>Section</u> <u>6.04</u>, except to increase the percentage in principal amount of Securities of any Series the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver or to provide that certain other provisions of the Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected thereby;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) waive a continuing Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security or a continuing Default or Event of Default in respect of a covenant or a provision of the Indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of all Holders of the applicable Securities; or

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) reduce the percentage in principal amount of Securities of any Series the consent of whose Holders is required for any amendment, supplement or waiver.

Any amendment, supplement or waiver which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of the Indenture which shall have been included expressly and solely for the benefit of one or more particular Series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of such Series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights of the Holders of any other Series.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplement, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

**Section 9.03 <u>Compliance with Trust Indenture Act.</u>** 

If applicable, every amendment to or supplement of this Indenture or any Securities shall comply with the TIA as then in effect.

**Section 9.04 <u>Revocation and Effect of Consents.</u>** 

A consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver by a Holder shall bind the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. Unless otherwise provided in the consent or the consent solicitation statement or other document describing the terms of the consent, any Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to its Security or portion of a Security. Any revocation of a consent by the Holder of a Security or any such subsequent Holder shall be effective only if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date on which the Trustee receives an Officer's Certificate from the Company certifying that the requisite number of consents have been received.

The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Securities of any Series entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver. If a record date is fixed, and if Holders otherwise have a right to revoke their consent under the consent or the consent solicitation statement or other document describing the terms of the consent, then notwithstanding the second to last sentence of the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date.

An amendment, supplement or waiver with respect to a Series becomes effective upon the (i) receipt by the Company or the Trustee of the requisite consents, (ii) satisfaction of any conditions to effectiveness as set forth in the Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto containing such amendment, supplement or waiver and (iii) execution of such amendment, supplement or waiver (or the related supplemental indenture) by the Company and the Trustee. After an amendment, supplement or waiver with respect to a Series becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder of such Series, unless it makes a change described in any of <u>clauses (1)</u> through <u>(4)</u> of <u>Section</u> <u>9.02</u>, in which case, the amendment, supplement or waiver shall bind a Holder of a Security who is affected thereby only if it has consented to such amendment, supplement or waiver and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder's Security.

**Section 9.05 <u>Notation on or Exchange of Securities.</u>** 

If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security, the Company may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee, at which time the Trustee shall place an appropriate notation on the Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms.

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**Section 9.06 <u>Trustee to Sign Amendments, etc.</u>** 

Subject to <u>Section</u> <u>7.02(b)</u>, the Trustee shall sign any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article if the amendment, supplement or waiver does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If it does, the Trustee may but need not sign it. In signing or refusing to sign such amendment or supplemental indenture, the Trustee shall be provided with and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such amendment, supplement or waiver is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.

**ARTICLE TEN** 

**SECURITIES IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES** 

**Section 10.01 <u>Applicability of Article.</u>** 

Whenever this Indenture provides for (i) any action by, or the determination of any of the rights of, Holders of Securities of any Series in which not all of such Securities are denominated in the same currency, or (ii) any distribution to Holders of Securities, in the absence of any provision to the contrary pursuant to this Indenture or the Securities of any particular Series, any amount in respect of any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency shall be treated for any such action or distribution as that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount on such reasonable basis of exchange and as of the record date with respect to Securities of such Series (if any) for such action, determination of rights or distribution (or, if there shall be no applicable record date, such other date reasonably proximate to the date of such action, determination of rights or distribution) as the Company may specify in a written notice to the Trustee or, in the absence of such written notice, as the paying agent or agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency may determine. The Trustee shall have no duty to calculate or verify the calculations made pursuant to this <u>Section</u> <u>10.01</u>.

**ARTICLE ELEVEN** 

**MISCELLANEOUS** 

**Section 11.01 <u>Trust Indenture Act Controls.</u>** 

If applicable, if any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, the required provision shall control.

**Section 11.02 <u>Notices.</u>** 

Any order, consent, notice or communication shall be sufficiently given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, or delivered by commercial courier service, addressed as follows:

if to the Company:

Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor

Waltham, Massachusetts 02451

Attention: Chief Financial Officer

if to the Trustee:

The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

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Any notice or communication sent to a Securityholder shall be sent electronically or mailed to him by first class mail, postage prepaid, or delivered by commercial courier service, at his address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar, or, in the case of Global Securities sent electronically in accordance with the procedures of the Depositary, and shall be sufficiently given to him if so sent within the time prescribed.

Failure to send a notice or communication to a Securityholder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders. If a notice or communication is sent in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it except that notice to the Trustee shall only be effective upon receipt thereof by the Trustee.

If the Company sends notice or communications to the Securityholders, it shall send a copy to the Trustee at the same time.

In addition to the foregoing, the Trustee may accept and act upon notice, instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods. If the party elects to give the Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee's understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee's reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any Security, where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice of any event to a Holder of a Global Security (whether by mail or otherwise), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to the Depositary (or its designee) pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary or its designee.

**Section 11.03 <u>Communications by Holders with Other Holders.</u>** 

Securityholders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).

**Section 11.04 <u>Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent.</u>** 

Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) an Officer's Certificate (which shall include the statements set forth in <u>Section</u> <u>11.05</u>) stating that, in the opinion of the signers (who may rely upon an Opinion of Counsel with respect to matters of law), all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed
action have been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) an Opinion of Counsel (which shall include the statements set forth in <u>Section</u> <u>11.05</u>)
stating that, in the opinion of such counsel (who may rely upon an Officer's Certificate or certificates of public officials as to matters of fact), all such conditions precedent and covenants, compliance with which constitutes a condition
precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action or inaction, have been complied with.

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**Section 11.05 <u>Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion.</u>** 

Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) a statement that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or
opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(3) a statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary
to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied
with.

**Section 11.06 <u>Rules by Trustee and Agents.</u>** 

The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders. The Registrar or Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for its functions.

**Section 11.07 <u>Legal Holidays.</u>** 

A "**Legal Holiday**" is a day that is not a Business Day. If any interest or other payment date of a Security falls on a Legal Holiday, the required payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest will be due on the next succeeding Business Day as if made on the date that the payment was due, and no interest will accrue on that payment for the period from and after that interest or other payment date, as the case may be, to the date of that payment on the next succeeding Business Day. If this Indenture provides for a time period that ends or requires performance of any non-payment obligation by a day that is not a Business Day, then such time period shall instead be deemed to end on, and such obligation shall instead be performed by, the next succeeding Business Day.

**Section 11.08 <u>Governing Law.</u>** 

The laws of the State of New York shall govern this Indenture and the Securities of each Series.

**Section 11.09 <u>No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements.</u>** 

This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary. Any such indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture.

**Section 11.10 <u>No Recourse Against Others.</u>** 

All liability described in <u>Paragraph 12</u> of the Securities of any director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company is, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, waived and released.

**Section 11.11 <u>Successors and Assigns.</u>** 

All covenants and agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors and assigns. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors and assigns.

**Section 11.12 <u>Duplicate Originals.</u>** 

The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or other electronic transmission (including, without limitation, electronic imaging means (including ".pdf")) shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. Any signature to this Indenture or any notice or other document delivered in connection herewith may be delivered by any electronic signature complying with the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York Electronic Signature and Records Act or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transaction Act, or other transmission method, and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.

------

**Section 11.13 <u>Severability.</u>** 

In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of a Series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities.

**Section 11.14 <u>PATRIOT ACT.</u>** 

The Company acknowledges that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions, and in order to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The Company agrees that it will provide the Trustee with such information as it may reasonably request as required in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot Act.

**Section 11.15 <u>Waiver of Jury Trial.</u>** 

EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

------

**SIGNATURES** 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the date first above written.

---

| |
|:---|
| **COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** |
| By: |
| Name:<br> Title: |
| _______________, as Trustee |
| By: |
| Name:<br> Title: |

---

------

**EXHIBIT A** 

No. ___________ CUSIP/ISIN No.: ________

[Title of Security]

**Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** 

a Delaware corporation

promises to pay to ____________________________________ or registered assigns the principal sum of _____________________ [Dollars]\* on ___________________________.

Interest Payment Dates: _____________________________ and _____________________________

Record Dates: _____________________________ and _____________________________

Authenticated: _____________________________ Dated: _____________________________

---

| |
|:---|
| **Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** |
| By: |
| Name: |
| Title: |

---

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| [___________________],<br> as Trustee, certifies that this is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Indenture. | [___________________],<br> as Trustee, certifies that this is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Indenture. |
| By: |  |
|  | Authorized Signatory |

---

\* Or other currency. Insert corresponding provisions on reverse side of Security in respect of foreign currency denomination or interest payment requirement.

------

**Cogent Biosciences, Inc.** 

[Title of Security]

Cogent Biosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (together with its successors and assigns, the "**Company**"), issued this Security under an Indenture dated as of _____________________, (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance therewith, the "**Base Indenture**"), as supplemented by the Supplemental Indenture dated as of _____________________, (the "**Supplemental Indenture**" and together with the Base Indenture, the "**Indenture**"), by and among the Company and ______________, as trustee (in such capacity, the "**Trustee**"), to which reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authorized and delivered. All terms used in this Security that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them therein. If any terms of this Security conflicts with the terms of the Indenture, the terms of the Indenture shall govern and control.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**1. <u>Interest</u>.** The Company promises to pay interest on the principal amount of this Security at the rate per annum shown above. The Company will pay interest semiannually on _____________________ and _____________________ of each year, commencing _____________________, ______, until the principal is paid or made available for payment. Interest on the Securities will accrue from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for or, if no interest has been paid, from _____________________, ________, *provided* that, if there is no existing default in the payment of interest, and if this Security is authenticated between a record date referred to on the face hereof and the next succeeding interest payment date, interest shall accrue from such interest payment date. Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**2. <u>Method of Payment</u>.** The Company will pay interest on the Securities (except defaulted interest, if any, which will be paid on such special payment date to Holders of record on such special record date as may be fixed by the Company) to the persons who are registered Holders of Securities at the close of business on the [Insert record dates] immediately preceding the interest payment date. Holders must surrender Securities to a Paying Agent to collect principal payments. The Company will pay principal and interest in money of [Insert applicable country or currency] that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**3. <u>Paying Agent and Registrar</u>.** Initially, the Trustee will act as Paying Agent and Registrar. The Company may change or appoint any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar without notice. The Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their Affiliates may act as Paying Agent, Registrar or co-Registrar.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**4. <u>Optional Redemption</u>.** [Insert provisions relating to redemption at the option of the Company, if any] [Insert provisions relating to redemption at option of Holders, if any]

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**5. <u>Mandatory Redemption</u>.** [Insert provisions relating to Mandatory Redemption, if any]

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**6. <u>Denominations, Transfer, Exchange</u>.** The Securities are in registered form only without coupons in minimum denominations of ________________ and integral multiples of ________________ in excess thereof. A Holder may transfer or exchange Securities by presentation of such Securities to the Registrar or a co-Registrar with a request to register the transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of other denominations. The Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the Indenture. The Registrar need not transfer or exchange any Security selected for redemption or purchase, except the unredeemed or unpurchased part thereof if the Security is redeemed or purchased in part, or transfer or exchange any Securities for a period of 15 days before a selection of Securities to be redeemed or purchased.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**7. <u>Persons Deemed Owners</u>.** The registered Holder of this Security shall be treated as the owner of it for all purposes.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**8. <u>Unclaimed Money</u>.** Subject to any applicable abandoned property law, the Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company any money held by them for the payment of principal or interest that remains unclaimed for two years, and thereafter, Holders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors.

------

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**9. <u>Amendment, Supplement, Waiver</u>.** Subject to certain exceptions, the Indenture or the Securities may be amended or supplemented with the consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by the amendment and any past default or compliance with any provision relating to any Series of the Securities may be waived in a particular instance with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series. Without the consent of any Securityholder, the Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement the Indenture or the Securities in certain respects as specified in the Indenture.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**10. <u>Successor Corporation</u>.** When a successor corporation assumes all the obligations of its predecessor under the Securities and the Indenture, the predecessor corporation will be released from those obligations.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**11. <u>Trustee Dealings With Company</u>.** Subject to certain limitations imposed by the TIA, the Trustee under the Indenture, in its individual or any other capacity, may make loans to, accept deposits from, and perform services for the Company or its affiliates, and may otherwise deal with the Company or its affiliates, as if it were not Trustee, including owning or pledging the Securities.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**12. <u>No Recourse Against Others</u>.** A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities. The waiver may not be effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities laws.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**13. <u>Discharge of Indenture</u>.** The Indenture contains certain provisions pertaining to defeasance and discharge, which provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth herein.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**14. <u>Authentication</u>.** This Security shall not be valid until an authorized signatory of the Trustee manually signs the certificate of authentication on the other side of this Security.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**15. <u>Abbreviations</u>.** Customary abbreviations may be used in the name of a Holder or an assignee, such as: TEN COM (= tenants in common), TEN ENT (= tenants by the entireties), JT TEN (= joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common), CUST (= custodian), and U/G/M/A (= Uniform Gift to Minors Act).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**16. <u>GOVERNING LAW</u>.** THIS SECURITY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**17. <u>CUSIP and ISIN Numbers</u>.** Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures, the Company has caused CUSIP and ISIN numbers to be printed on the Securities and has directed the Trustee to use CUSIP and ISIN numbers in notices of repurchase as a convenience to Holders. No representation is made as to the accuracy of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of repurchase and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers placed thereon.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**18. <u>Copies</u>.** The Company will furnish to any Holder upon written request and without charge a copy of the Indenture and the applicable Authorizing Resolution or supplemental indenture. Requests may be made to: Cogent Biosciences, Inc., 275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor, Waltham, MA 02451, Attention: Chief Financial Officer.

A- 3

------

**ASSIGNMENT FORM** 

If you the Holder want to assign this Security, fill in the form below:

I or we assign and transfer this Security to ___________________________________________ (insert assignee's social security or tax ID number)

(Print or type assignee's name, address, and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint _________________________________________________________________________ agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| Date: _______________________________ | |
|  | Your signature |
|  | (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Security) |

---

Signature Guarantee:

## Exhibit 5.1

**Exhibit 5.1**![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor

Waltham, Massachusetts

Re: Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

Registration Statement on Form S-3

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Cogent Biosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "<u>Company</u>"), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "<u>Commission</u>") of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the "<u>Registration Statement</u>") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "<u>Securities Act</u>"), relating to the registration under the Securities Act and the proposed issuance and sale from time to time pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, together or separately and in one or more series (if applicable) of:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) the Company's debt securities (the "<u>Debt Securities</u>");

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "<u>Common Stock</u>");

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) shares of the Company's preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "<u>Preferred Stock</u>");

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) warrants for the purchase of Debt Securities, Common Stock, and Preferred Stock (the "<u>Warrants</u>"); and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) units of the Company comprised of any combination of Debt Securities, Common Stock, Preferred Stock, and Warrants (the "<u>Units</u>").

The Debt Securities, Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants, and Units are collectively referred to herein as the "<u>Securities</u>." The Debt Securities are to be issued under an indenture substantially in the form attached to the Registration Statement (the "<u>Base Indenture</u>").

**Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP** 

One Embarcadero Center Suite 2600 \| San Francisco, CA 94111-3715 \| T: 415.393.8200 \| F: 415.393.8306 \| gibsondunn.com

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![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

In arriving at the opinions expressed below, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction as being true and complete copies of the originals, of form of the Base Indenture, forms of the Debt Securities, specimen Common Stock, and such other documents, corporate records, certificates of officers of the Company and of public officials, and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable to enable us to render these opinions. In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity and competency of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. As to any facts material to these opinions, we have relied to the extent we deemed appropriate and without independent investigation upon statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Company and others.

We have assumed without independent investigation that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i) at the time any Securities are sold pursuant to the Registration Statement (the "<u>Relevant Time</u>"), the Registration Statement and any supplements and amendments thereto (including post-effective amendments) will be effective and will comply with all applicable laws;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii) at the Relevant Time, a prospectus supplement will have been prepared and filed with the Commission describing the Securities offered thereby and all related documentation and will comply with all applicable laws;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii) all Securities will be issued and sold in the manner stated in the Registration Statement and the applicable prospectus supplement;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv) at the Relevant Time, all corporate or other action required to be taken by the Company to duly authorize each proposed issuance of Securities and any related documentation (including (i) the due reservation of any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock for issuance upon exercise, conversion, or exchange of any Securities for Common Stock or Preferred Stock (a "<u>Convertible Security</u>"), and (ii) the execution (in the case of certificated Securities), delivery, and performance of the Securities and any related documentation referred to in paragraphs 1 through 5 below) shall have been duly completed and shall remain in full force and effect;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(v) upon issuance of any Common Stock or Preferred Stock, including upon exercise, conversion, or exchange of any Convertible Security, the total number of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock issued and outstanding will not exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as applicable, that the Company is then authorized to issue under its certificate of incorporation and other relevant documents;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(vi) in the case of Debt Securities, at the Relevant Time, the relevant trustee shall have been qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "<u>TIA</u>"), a Statement of Eligibility of the Trustee on Form T-1 shall have been properly filed with the Commission, and the relevant Base Indenture shall have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and all other parties thereto and duly qualified under the TIA;

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![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(vii) at the Relevant Time, a definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement and any other necessary agreement with respect to any Securities offered or issued will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action of the Company duly executed and delivered by the Company or any Trust and the other parties thereto.

Based on the foregoing and in reliance thereon, and subject to the assumptions, exceptions, qualifications, and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. With respect to any Debt Securities when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. the terms and conditions of such Debt Securities have been duly established by supplemental indenture or
officers' certificate in accordance with the terms and conditions of the relevant Base Indenture,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. any such supplemental indenture has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and the relevant trustee
(together with the relevant Base Indenture, the " <u>Indenture</u> "), and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c. such Debt Securities have been executed (in the case of certificated Debt Securities), delivered, and
authenticated in accordance with the terms of the applicable Indenture and issued and sold for the consideration set forth in the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement,

such Debt Securities will be legal, valid, and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. With respect to any shares of Preferred Stock, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. the certificate of designations relating to such Preferred Stock (the " <u>Certificate of Designations</u> ") has been duly executed and filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. such shares have been issued either (i) in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase,
underwriting, or similar agreement and for the consideration provided for therein, or (ii) upon exercise, conversion, or exchange of any Convertible Security and for any additional consideration specified in such Convertible Security or the
instrument governing such Convertible Security providing for such conversion or exercise, which consideration (including any consideration paid for such Convertible Security), on a per-share basis, shall in
either event not be less than the par value of the Preferred Stock, and

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![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c. any such Convertible Security was previously validly issued and is fully paid an non-assessable (in the case of an equity Security) or is a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,

such shares of Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. With respect to shares of Common Stock, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. such shares of Common Stock have been duly executed (in the case of certificated shares) and delivered either
(i) in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement for the consideration provided for therein, or (ii) upon conversion or exercise of any Convertible Security, in accordance with the terms of such
Convertible Security or the instrument governing such Convertible Security providing for such conversion or exercise, and for any additional consideration specified therein, which consideration (including any consideration paid for such Convertible
Security), on a per-share basis, shall in either event not be less than the par value of the Common Stock, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. any such Convertible Security was previously validly issued and is fully paid and non-assessable (in the case of an equity Security) or is a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,

such shares of Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. With respect to any Warrants, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. the warrant agreement relating to such Warrants (the " <u>Warrant Agreement</u> "), if any, has been
duly executed and delivered by the Company and each other party thereto,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. the terms of the Warrants have been established in accordance with the Warrant Agreement, if any, and the
applicable definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement, and

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![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c. the Warrants have been duly executed (in the case of certificated Warrants) and delivered in accordance with
the Warrant Agreement, if any, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement for the consideration provided for therein,

such Warrants will be legal, valid, and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5. With respect to any Units, when:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a. the unit agreement relating to the Units (the " <u>Unit Agreement</u> "), if any, has been duly
executed and delivered by the Company and each other party thereto,

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b. the terms of the Units have been duly established in accordance with the Unit Agreement, if any, and the
applicable definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement, and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c. the Units have been duly executed (in the case of certificated Units) and delivered in accordance with the Unit
Agreement, if any, and the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting, or similar agreement for the consideration provided for therein,

the Units will be legal, valid, and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

The opinions expressed above are subject to the following exceptions, qualifications, limitations, and assumptions:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A. We render no opinion herein as to matters involving the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of New York and the United States of America and, for purposes of paragraphs 2 and 3 above, the Delaware General Corporation Law. We are not admitted to practice in the State of Delaware; however, we are generally familiar with the Delaware General Corporation Law as currently in effect and have made such inquiries as we consider necessary to render the opinions contained in paragraphs 2 and 3 above. This opinion is limited to the effect of the current state of the laws of the State of New York, the United States of America and, to the limited extent set forth above, the laws of the State of Delaware and the facts as they currently exist. We assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion in the event of future changes in such laws or the interpretations thereof or such facts.

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November 7, 2025

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B. The opinions above with respect to the Indenture, the Debt Securities, the Warrants, the Warrant Agreement, the Units, and the Unit Agreement (collectively, the "<u>Documents</u>") are each subject to (i) the effect of any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, arrangement, or similar laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors' generally, including without limitation the effect of statutory or other laws regarding fraudulent transfers or preferential transfers, and (ii) general principles of equity, including without limitation concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the possible unavailability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C. We express no opinion regarding the effectiveness of (i) any waiver of stay, extension, or usury laws, (ii) provisions relating to indemnification, exculpation, or contribution, to the extent such provisions may be held unenforceable as contrary to public policy or federal or state securities laws, (iii) any provision in any Document waiving the right to object to venue in any court, (iv) any agreement to submit to the jurisdiction of any Federal court, or (vi) any waiver of the right to jury trial.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D. To the extent relevant to our opinions in paragraphs 4 and 5 and not covered by our opinions in paragraphs 1, 2, and 3, we have assumed that any securities underlying, comprising, or issuable upon exchange, conversion, or exercise of any Warrants or Units are validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable (in the case of an equity Security) or a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the issuer thereof, enforceable against such issuer in accordance with its terms.

You have informed us that you intend to issue Securities from time to time on a delayed or continuous basis, and we understand that prior to issuing any Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement (i) you will advise us in writing of the terms thereof, and (ii) you will afford us an opportunity to (x) review the operative documents pursuant to which such Securities are to be issued or sold (including the applicable offering documents), and (y) file such supplement or amendment to this opinion (if any) as we may reasonably consider necessary or appropriate.

We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and we further consent to the use of our name under the caption "Legal Matters" in the Registration Statement and the prospectus that forms a part thereof. In giving these consents, we do not thereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP

## Exhibit 5.2

**Exhibit 5.2**![LOGO](g85082dsp01.jpg)

November 7, 2025

Cogent Biosciences, Inc.

275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor

Waltham, MA 02451

*Re:* *Cogent Biosciences, Inc.* 

*Registration Statement on Form S-3* 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have examined the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the "<u>Registration Statement</u>") of Cogent Biosciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "<u>Company</u>"), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "<u>Commission</u>") pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "<u>Securities Act</u>"), and the prospectus supplement thereto dated November 7, 2025 (the "<u>Prospectus Supplement</u>"), in connection with the offering by the Company of up to $300,000,000 of the Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "<u>Shares</u>").

In arriving at the opinion expressed below, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction as being true and complete copies of the originals, of specimen common stock certificates and such other documents, corporate records, certificates of officers of the Company and of public officials and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable to enable us to render the opinions set forth below. In our examination, we have assumed without independent investigation the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity and competency of all natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. We have further assumed that all offers and sales of the Shares will comply with the minimum offering price and pricing formula set forth in the authorization of the offering and sale of the Shares by the Company's Board of Directors.

Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, exceptions, qualifications and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when issued against payment therefor as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus Supplement thereto, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and we further consent to the use of our name under the caption "Legal Matters" in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus Supplement. In giving these consents, we do not thereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP

**Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP** 

One Embarcadero Center Suite 2600 \| San Francisco, CA 94111-3715 \| T: 415.393.8200 \| F: 415.393.8306 \| gibsondunn.com

## Exhibit 23.1

**Exhibit 23.1** 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Cogent Biosciences, Inc. of our report dated February 25, 2025 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in Cogent Biosciences, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP<br> Boston, Massachusetts<br> November 7, 2025<br>

## Exhibit 25.1

**Exhibit 25.1** 

**SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION** 

**Washington, D.C. 20549** 

**FORM T-1** 

**STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY** 

**UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939** 

**OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE** 

☐ **Check if an Application to Determine Eligibility of a Trustee Pursuant to Section 305(b)(2)** 

**U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION** 

**(Exact name of Trustee as specified in its charter)** 

**91-1821036** 

**I.R.S. Employer Identification No.** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **800 Nicollet Mall**<br> **Minneapolis, Minnesota** | **55402** |
| **(Address of principal executive offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

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**Steven Gomes** 

**U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association** 

**One Federal Street** 

**Boston, MA 02110** 

**(617) 603-6549** 

**(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)** 

**COGENT BIOSCIENCES, INC.** 

**(Issuer with respect to the Securities)** 

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **DE** | **46-5308248** |
| **(State or other jurisdiction of<br>incorporation or organization)** | **(I.R.S. Employer<br>Identification No.)** |

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **275 Wyman Street, 3rd Floor**<br> **Waltham, MA** | **02451** |
| **(Address of Principal Executive Offices)** | **(Zip Code)** |

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**Debt Securities** 

**(Title of the Indenture Securities)** 

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**<u>FORM T-1</u>**

**Item 1.** **GENERAL INFORMATION*.*** Furnish the following information as to the Trustee. <br>

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a) *Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.* 

Comptroller of the Currency

Washington, D.C.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b) *Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.* 

Yes

**Item 2.** **AFFILIATIONS WITH THE OBLIGOR.** *If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.* <br>

None

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| **Items 3-15** | *Items 3-15 are not applicable because to the best of the Trustee's knowledge, the obligor is not in default under any Indenture for which the Trustee acts as Trustee.*  |

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**Item 16.** **LIST OF EXHIBITS:** *List below all exhibits filed as a part of this statement of eligibility and qualification.* <br>

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1. A copy of the Articles of Association of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 1.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2. A copy of the certificate of authority of the Trustee to commence business, attached as Exhibit 2.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3. A copy of the authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, included as Exhibit 2.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4. A copy of the existing bylaws of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 4.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5. A copy of each Indenture referred to in Item 4. Not applicable.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6. The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, attached as
Exhibit 6.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7. Report of Condition of the Trustee as of June 30, 2025, published pursuant to law or the requirements of
its supervising or examining authority, attached as Exhibit 7.

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**SIGNATURE** 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the Trustee, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, has duly caused this statement of eligibility and qualification to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of Boston, Commonwealth of Massachusetts on the 7th of November, 2025.

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| By: | /s/ Steven J. Gomes |
|  | Steven J. Gomes |
|  | Vice President |

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**<u>Exhibit 1</u>**

**ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION** 

**OF** 

**U. S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION** 

For the purpose of organizing an association (the "Association") to perform any lawful activities of national banks, the undersigned enter into the following Articles of Association:

**FIRST.** The title of this Association shall be U. S. Bank Trust Company, National Association.

**SECOND.** The main office of the Association shall be in the city of Portland, county of Multnomah, state of Oregon. The business of the Association will be limited to fiduciary powers and the support of activities incidental to the exercise of those powers. The Association may not expand or alter its business beyond that stated in this article without the prior approval of the Comptroller of the Currency.

**THIRD.** The board of directors of the Association shall consist of not less than five nor more than twenty-five persons, the exact number to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any annual or special meeting thereof. Each director shall own common or preferred stock of the Association or of a holding company owning the Association, with an aggregate par, fair market, or equity value of not less than $1,000, as of either (i) the date of purchase, (ii) the date the person became a director, or (iii) the date of that person's most recent election to the board of directors, whichever is more recent. Any combination of common or preferred stock of the Association or holding company may be used.

Any vacancy in the board of directors may be filled by action of a majority of the remaining directors between meetings of shareholders. The board of directors may increase the number of directors up to the maximum permitted by law. Terms of directors, including directors selected to fill vacancies, shall expire at the next regular meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected, unless the directors resign or are removed from office. Despite the expiration of a director's term, the director shall continue to serve until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until there is a decrease in the number of directors and his or her position is eliminated.

Honorary or advisory members of the board of directors, without voting power or power of final decision in matters concerning the business of the Association, may be appointed by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors, or by resolution of shareholders at any annual or special meeting. Honorary or advisory directors shall not be counted to determined the number of directors of the Association or the presence of a quorum in connection with any board action, and shall not be required to own qualifying shares.

**FOURTH.** There shall be an annual meeting of the shareholders to elect directors and transact whatever other business may be brought before the meeting. It shall be held at the main office or any other convenient place the board of directors may designate, on the day of each year specified therefor in the Bylaws, or if that day falls on a legal holiday in the state in which the

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Association is located, on the next following banking day. If no election is held on the day fixed or in the event of a legal holiday on the following banking day, an election may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the day fixed, to be designated by the board of directors, or, if the directors fail to fix the day, by shareholders representing two-thirds of the shares issued and outstanding. In all cases, at least 10 days' advance notice of the meeting shall be given to the shareholders by first-class mail.

In all elections of directors, the number of votes each common shareholder may cast will be determined by multiplying the number of shares he or she owns by the number of directors to be elected. Those votes may be cumulated and cast for a single candidate or may be distributed among two or more candidates in the manner selected by the shareholder. On all other questions, each common shareholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by him or her.

A director may resign at any time by delivering written notice to the board of directors, its chairperson, or to the Association, which resignation shall be effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective date.

A director may be removed by the shareholders at a meeting called to remove him or her, when notice of the meeting stating that the purpose or one of the purposes is to remove him or her is provided, if there is a failure to fulfill one of the affirmative requirements for qualification, or for cause; provided, however, that a director may not be removed if the number of votes sufficient to elect him or her under cumulative voting is voted against his or her removal.

**FIFTH.** The authorized amount of capital stock of the Association shall be 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the par value of ten dollars ($10) each; but said capital stock may be increased or decreased from time to time, according to the provisions of the laws of the United States. The Association shall have only one class of capital stock.

No holder of shares of the capital stock of any class of the Association shall have any preemptive or preferential right of subscription to any shares of any class of stock of the Association, whether now or hereafter authorized, or to any obligations convertible into stock of the Association, issued, or sold, nor any right of subscription to any thereof other than such, if any, as the board of directors, in its discretion, may from time to time determine and at such price as the board of directors may from time to time fix.

Transfers of the Association's stock are subject to the prior written approval of a federal depository institution regulatory agency. If no other agency approval is required, the approval of the Comptroller of the Currency must be obtained prior to any such transfers.

Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law, (1) all matters requiring shareholder action, including amendments to the Articles of Association must be approved by shareholders owning a majority voting interest in the outstanding voting stock, and (2) each shareholder shall be entitled to one vote per share.

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Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law, all shares of voting stock shall be voted together as a class, on any matters requiring shareholder approval.

Unless otherwise provided in the Bylaws, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting is the close of business on the day before the first notice is mailed or otherwise sent to the shareholders, provided that in no event may a record date be more than 70 days before the meeting.

The Association, at any time and from time to time, may authorize and issue debt obligations, whether subordinated, without the approval of the shareholders. Obligations classified as debt, whether subordinated, which may be issued by the Association without the approval of shareholders, do not carry voting rights on any issue, including an increase or decrease in the aggregate number of the securities, or the exchange or reclassification of all or part of securities into securities of another class or series.

**SIXTH.** The board of directors shall appoint one of its members president of this Association and one of its members chairperson of the board and shall have the power to appoint one or more vice presidents, a secretary who shall keep minutes of the directors' and shareholders' meetings and be responsible for authenticating the records of the Association, and such other officers and employees as may be required to transact the business of this Association. A duly appointed officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the board of directors in accordance with the Bylaws.

The board of directors shall have the power to:

(1) Define the duties of the officers, employees, and agents of the Association.

(2) Delegate the performance of its duties, but not the responsibility for its duties, to the officers, employees,
and agents of the Association.

(3) Fix the compensation and enter employment contracts with its officers and employees upon reasonable terms and
conditions consistent with applicable law.

(4) Dismiss officers and employees.

(5) Require bonds from officers and employees and to fix the penalty thereof.

(6) Ratify written policies authorized by the Association's management or committees of the board.

(7) Regulate the manner any increase or decrease of the capital of the Association shall be made; provided that
nothing herein shall restrict the power of shareholders to increase or decrease the capital of the Association in accordance with law, and nothing shall raise or lower from two-thirds the percentage required
for shareholder approval to increase or reduce the capital.

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(8) Manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association.

(9) Adopt initial Bylaws, not inconsistent with law or the Articles of Association, for managing the business and
regulating the affairs of the Association.

(10) Amend or repeal Bylaws, except to the extent that the Articles of Association reserve this power in whole or in
part to the shareholders.

(11) Make contracts.

(12) Generally perform all acts that are legal for a board of directors to perform.

**SEVENTH.** The board of directors shall have the power to change the location of the main office to any authorized branch within the limits of the city of Portland, Oregon, without the approval of the shareholders, or with a vote of shareholders owning two-thirds of the stock of the Association for a location outside such limits and upon receipt of a certificate of approval from the Comptroller of the Currency, to any other location within or outside the limits of the city of Portland, Oregon, but not more than thirty miles beyond such limits. The board of directors shall have the power to establish or change the location of any office or offices of the Association to any other location permitted under applicable law, without approval of shareholders, subject to approval by the Comptroller of the Currency.

**EIGHTH.** The corporate existence of this Association shall continue until termination according to the laws of the United States.

**NINTH.** The board of directors of the Association, or any shareholder owning, in the aggregate, not less than 25 percent of the stock of the Association, may call a special meeting of shareholders at any time. Unless otherwise provided by the Bylaws or the laws of the United States, or waived by shareholders, a notice of the time, place, and purpose of every annual and special meeting of the shareholders shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed at least 10, and no more than 60, days prior to the date of the meeting to each shareholder of record at his/her address as shown upon the books of the Association. Unless otherwise provided by the Bylaws, any action requiring approval of shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting.

**TENTH.** These Articles of Association may be amended at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Association, unless the vote of the holders of a greater amount of stock is required by law, and in that case by the vote of the holders of such greater amount; provided, that the scope of the Association's activities and services may not be expanded without the prior written approval of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Association's board of directors may propose one or more amendments to the Articles of Association for submission to the shareholders.

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In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this 11<sup>th</sup> of June, 1997.

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| |
|:---|
| /s/ Jeffrey T. Grubb |
| Jeffrey T. Grubb |
| /s/ Robert D. Sznewajs |
| Robert D. Sznewajs |
| /s/ Dwight V. Board |
| Dwight V. Board |
| /s/ P. K. Chatterjee |
| P. K. Chatterjee |
| /s/ Robert Lane |
| Robert Lane |

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**<u>Exhibit 2</u>**

![LOGO](g85082g1107092409616.jpg)

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**<u>Exhibit 4</u>**

**U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION<u> </u>**

**<u>AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS</u>**

<u>ARTICLE I</u> 

<u>Meetings of Shareholders</u> 

Section 1.1. <u>Annual Meeting</u>. The annual meeting of the shareholders, for the election of directors and the transaction of any other proper business, shall be held at a time and place as the Chairman or President may designate. Notice of such meeting shall be given not less than ten (10) days or more than sixty (60) days prior to the date thereof, to each shareholder of the Association, unless the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC") determines that an emergency circumstance exists. In accordance with applicable law, the sole shareholder of the Association is permitted to waive notice of the meeting. If, for any reason, an election of directors is not made on the designated day, the election shall be held on some subsequent day, as soon thereafter as practicable, with prior notice thereof. Failure to hold an annual meeting as required by these Bylaws shall not affect the validity of any corporate action or work a forfeiture or dissolution of the Association.

Section 1.2. <u>Special Meetings</u>. Except as otherwise specially provided by law, special meetings of the shareholders may be called for any purpose, at any time by a majority of the board of directors (the "Board"), or by any shareholder or group of shareholders owning at least ten percent of the outstanding stock.

Every such special meeting, unless otherwise provided by law, shall be called upon not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days prior notice stating the purpose of the meeting.

Section 1.3. <u>Nominations for Directors</u>. Nominations for election to the Board may be made by the Board or by any shareholder.

Section 1.4. <u>Proxies</u>. Shareholders may vote at any meeting of the shareholders by proxies duly authorized in writing. Proxies shall be valid only for one meeting and any adjournments of such meeting and shall be filed with the records of the meeting.

Section 1.5. <u>Record Date</u>. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice and to vote at any meeting will be thirty days before the date of such meeting, unless otherwise determined by the Board.

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Section 1.6. <u>Quorum and Voting</u>. A majority of the outstanding capital stock, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of shareholders, unless otherwise provided by law, but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. A majority of the votes cast shall decide every question or matter submitted to the shareholders at any meeting, unless otherwise provided by law or by the Articles of Association.

Section 1.7. <u>Inspectors</u>. The Board may, and in the event of its failure so to do, the Chairman of the Board may appoint Inspectors of Election who shall determine the presence of quorum, the validity of proxies, and the results of all elections and all other matters voted upon by shareholders at all annual and special meetings of shareholders.

Section 1.8. <u>Waiver and Consent</u>. The shareholders may act without notice or a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all shareholders.

Section 1.9. <u>Remote Meetings</u>. The Board shall have the right to determine that a shareholder meeting not be held at a place, but instead be held solely by means of remote communication in the manner and to the extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

<u>ARTICLE II</u> 

<u>Directors</u> 

Section 2.1. <u>Board of Directors</u>. The Board shall have the power to manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association. Except as expressly limited by law, all corporate powers of the Association shall be vested in and may be exercised by the Board.

Section 2.2. <u>Term of Office</u>. The directors of this Association shall hold office for one year and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal.

Section 2.3. <u>Powers</u>. In addition to the foregoing, the Board shall have and may exercise all of the powers granted to or conferred upon it by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws and by law.

Section 2.4. <u>Number</u>. As provided in the Articles of Association, the Board of this Association shall consist of no less than five nor more than twenty-five members, unless the OCC has exempted the Association from the twenty-five- member limit. The Board shall consist of a number of members to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of the Board or the shareholders at any meeting thereof, in accordance with the Articles of Association. Between meetings of the shareholders held for the purpose of electing directors, the Board

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by a majority vote of the full Board may increase the size of the Board but not to more than a total of twenty-five directors, and fill any vacancy so created in the Board; provided that the Board may increase the number of directors only by up to two directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was fifteen or fewer, and by up to four directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was sixteen or more. Each director shall own a qualifying equity interest in the Association or a company that has control of the Association in each case as required by applicable law. Each director shall own such qualifying equity interest in his or her own right and meet any minimum threshold ownership required by applicable law.

Section 2.5. <u>Organization Meeting</u>. The newly elected Board shall meet for the purpose of organizing the new Board and electing and appointing such officers of the Association as may be appropriate. Such meeting shall be held on the day of the election or as soon thereafter as practicable, and, in any event, within thirty days thereafter, at such time and place as the Chairman or President may designate. If, at the time fixed for such meeting, there shall not be a quorum present, the directors present may adjourn the meeting until a quorum is obtained.

Section 2.6. <u>Regular Meetings</u>. The regular meetings of the Board shall be held, without notice, as the Chairman or President may designate and deem suitable.

Section 2.7. <u>Special Meetings</u>. Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time, at any place and for any purpose by the Chairman of the Board or the President of the Association, or upon the request of a majority of the entire Board. Notice of every special meeting of the Board shall be given to the directors at their usual places of business, or at such other addresses as shall have been furnished by them for the purpose. Such notice shall be given at least twelve hours (three hours if meeting is to be conducted by conference telephone) before the meeting by telephone or by being personally delivered, mailed, or electronically delivered. Such notice need not include a statement of the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of, any such meeting.

Section 2.8. <u>Quorum and Necessary Vote</u>. A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Board, except when otherwise provided by law; but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles or Bylaws of this Association, once a quorum is established, any act by a majority of those directors present and voting shall be the act of the Board.

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Section 2.9. <u>Written Consent</u>. Except as otherwise required by applicable laws and regulations, the Board may act without a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all directors, to be filed with the Secretary of the Association as part of the corporate records.

Section 2.10. <u>Remote Meetings</u>. Members of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of conference telephone, video or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 2.11. <u>Vacancies</u>. When any vacancy occurs among the directors, the remaining members of the Board may appoint a director to fill such vacancy at any regular meeting of the Board, or at a special meeting called for that purpose.

<u>ARTICLE III</u> 

<u>Committees</u> 

Section 3.1. <u>Advisory Board of Directors</u>. The Board may appoint persons, who need not be directors, to serve as advisory directors on an advisory board of directors established with respect to the business affairs of either this Association alone or the business affairs of a group of affiliated organizations of which this Association is one. Advisory directors shall have such powers and duties as may be determined by the Board, provided, that the Board's responsibility for the business and affairs of this Association shall in no respect be delegated or diminished.

Section 3.2. <u>Trust Audit Committee</u>. At least once during each calendar year, the Association shall arrange for a suitable audit (by internal or external auditors) of all significant fiduciary activities under the direction of its trust audit committee, a function that will be fulfilled by the Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of this Association. The Association shall note the results of the audit (including significant actions taken as a result of the audit) in the minutes of the Board. In lieu of annual audits, the Association may adopt a continuous audit system in accordance with 12 C.F.R. § 9.9(b).

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The Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of this Association, fulfilling the function of the trust audit committee:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) Must not include any officers of the Association or an affiliate who participate significantly in the administration of the Association's fiduciary activities; and

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2) Must consist of a majority of members who are not also members of any committee to which the Board has delegated power to manage and control the fiduciary activities of the Association.

Section 3.3. <u>Executive Committee</u>. The Board may appoint an Executive Committee which shall consist of at least three directors and which shall have, and may exercise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, all the powers of the Board between meetings of the Board or otherwise when the Board is not meeting.

Section 3.4. <u>Trust Management Committee</u>. The Board of this Association shall appoint a Trust Management Committee to provide oversight of the fiduciary activities of the Association. The Trust Management Committee shall determine policies governing fiduciary activities. The Trust Management Committee or such sub-committees, officers or others as may be duly designated by the Trust Management Committee shall oversee the processes related to fiduciary activities to assure conformity with fiduciary policies it establishes, including ratifying the acceptance and the closing out or relinquishment of all trusts. The Trust Management Committee will provide regular reports of its activities to the Board.

Section 3.5. <u>Other Committees</u>. The Board may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more persons who need not be directors, for such purposes and with such powers as the Board may determine; however, the Board will not delegate to any committee any powers or responsibilities that it is prohibited from delegating under any law or regulation. In addition, either the Chairman or the President may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more officers, employees, agents or other persons, for such purposes and with such powers as either the Chairman or the President deems appropriate and proper. Whether appointed by the Board, the Chairman, or the President, any such committee shall at all times be subject to the direction and control of the Board.

Section 3.6. <u>Meetings, Minutes and Rules</u>. An advisory board of directors and/or committee shall meet as necessary in consideration of the purpose of the advisory board of directors or committee, and shall maintain minutes in sufficient detail to indicate actions taken or recommendations made; unless required by the members, discussions, votes or other specific details need not be reported. An advisory board of directors or a committee may, in consideration of its purpose, adopt its own rules for the exercise of any of its functions or authority.

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<u>ARTICLE IV</u> 

<u>Officers</u> 

Section 4.1. <u>Chairman of the Board</u>. The Board may appoint one of its members to be Chairman of the Board to serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Chairman shall supervise the carrying out of the policies adopted or approved by the Board; shall have general executive powers, as well as the specific powers conferred by these Bylaws; and shall also have and may exercise such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned by the Board.

Section 4.2. <u>President</u>. The Board may appoint one of its members to be President of the Association. In the absence of the Chairman, the President shall preside at any meeting of the Board. The President shall have general executive powers, and shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice, to the office of President, or imposed by these Bylaws. The President shall also have and may exercise such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred or assigned by the Board.

Section 4.3. <u>Vice President</u>. The Board may appoint one or more Vice Presidents who shall have such powers and duties as may be assigned by the Board and to perform the duties of the President on those occasions when the President is absent, including presiding at any meeting of the Board in the absence of both the Chairman and President.

Section 4.4. <u>Secretary</u>. The Board shall appoint a Secretary, or other designated officer who shall be Secretary of the Board and of the Association, and shall keep accurate minutes of all meetings. The Secretary shall attend to the giving of all notices required by these Bylaws to be given; shall be custodian of the corporate seal, records, documents and papers of the Association; shall provide for the keeping of proper records of all transactions of the Association; shall, upon request, authenticate any records of the Association; shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice, to the Secretary, or imposed by these Bylaws; and shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the Board. The Board may appoint one or more Assistant Secretaries with such powers and duties as the Board, the President or the Secretary shall from time to time determine.

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Section 4.5. <u>Other Officers</u>. The Board may appoint, and may authorize the Chairman, the President or any other officer to appoint, any officer as from time to time may appear to the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other officer to be required or desirable to transact the business of the Association. Such officers shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as pertain to their several offices, or as may be conferred upon or assigned to them by these Bylaws, the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other authorized officer. Any person may hold two offices.

Section 4.6. <u>Tenure of Office</u>. The Chairman or the President and all other officers shall hold office until their respective successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office, subject to the right of the Board or authorized officer to discharge any officer at any time.

<u>ARTICLE V</u> 

<u>Stock</u> 

Section 5.1. The Board may authorize the issuance of stock either in certificated or in uncertificated form. Certificates for shares of stock shall be in such form as the Board may from time to time prescribe. If the Board issues certificated stock, the certificate shall be signed by the President, Secretary or any other such officer as the Board so determines. Shares of stock shall be transferable on the books of the Association, and a transfer book shall be kept in which all transfers of stock shall be recorded. Every person becoming a shareholder by such transfer shall, in proportion to such person's shares, succeed to all rights of the prior holder of such shares. Each certificate of stock shall recite on its face that the stock represented thereby is transferable only upon the books of the Association properly endorsed. The Board may impose conditions upon the transfer of the stock reasonably calculated to simplify the work of the Association for stock transfers, voting at shareholder meetings, and related matters, and to protect it against fraudulent transfers.

<u>ARTICLE VI</u> 

<u>Corporate Seal</u> 

Section 6.1. The Association shall have no corporate seal; provided, however, that if the use of a seal is required by, or is otherwise convenient or advisable pursuant to, the laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the following seal may be used, and the Chairman, the President, the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary shall have the authority to affix such seal:

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<u>ARTICLE VII</u> 

<u>Miscellaneous Provisions</u> 

Section 7.1. <u>Execution of Instruments</u>. All agreements, checks, drafts, orders, indentures, notes, mortgages, deeds, conveyances, transfers, endorsements, assignments, certificates, declarations, receipts, discharges, releases, satisfactions, settlements, petitions, schedules, accounts, affidavits, bonds, undertakings, guarantees, proxies and other instruments or documents may be signed, countersigned, executed, acknowledged, endorsed, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the Association, whether in a fiduciary capacity or otherwise, by any officer of the Association, or such employee or agent as may be designated from time to time by the Board by resolution, or by the Chairman or the President by written instrument, which resolution or instrument shall be certified as in effect by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Association. The provisions of this section are supplementary to any other provision of the Articles of Association or Bylaws.

Section 7.2. <u>Records</u>. The Articles of Association, the Bylaws as revised or amended from time to time and the proceedings of all meetings of the shareholders, the Board, and standing committees of the Board, shall be recorded in appropriate minute books provided for the purpose. The minutes of each meeting shall be signed by the Secretary, or other officer appointed to act as Secretary of the meeting.

Section 7.3. <u>Trust Files</u>. There shall be maintained in the Association files all fiduciary records necessary to assure that its fiduciary responsibilities have been properly undertaken and discharged.

Section 7.4. <u>Trust Investments</u>. Funds held in a fiduciary capacity shall be invested according to the instrument establishing the fiduciary relationship and according to law. Where such instrument does not specify the character and class of investments to be made and does not vest in the Association a discretion in the matter, funds held pursuant to such instrument shall be invested in investments in which corporate fiduciaries may invest under law.

Section 7.5. <u>Notice</u>. Whenever notice is required by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws or law, such notice shall be by mail, postage prepaid, e- mail, in person, or by any other means by which such notice can reasonably be expected to be received, using the address of the person to receive such notice, or such other personal data, as may appear on the records of the Association.

Except where specified otherwise in these Bylaws, prior notice shall be proper if given not more than 30 days nor less than 10 days prior to the event for which notice is given.

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<u>ARTICLE VIII</u> 

<u>Indemnification</u> 

Section 8.1. The Association shall indemnify such persons for such liabilities in such manner under such circumstances and to such extent as permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as now enacted or hereafter amended. The Board may authorize the purchase and maintenance of insurance and/or the execution of individual agreements for the purpose of such indemnification, and the Association shall advance all reasonable costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding to all persons entitled to indemnification under this Section 8.1. Such insurance shall be consistent with the requirements of 12 C.F.R. § 7.2014 and shall exclude coverage of liability for a formal order assessing civil money penalties against an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u).

Section 8.2. Notwithstanding Section 8.1, however, (a) any indemnification payments to an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u), for an administrative proceeding or civil action initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be reasonable and consistent with the requirements of 12 U.S.C. § 1828(k) and the implementing regulations thereunder; and (b) any indemnification payments and advancement of costs and expenses to an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u), in cases involving an administrative proceeding or civil action not initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be in accordance with Delaware General Corporation Law and consistent with safe and sound banking practices.

<u>ARTICLE IX</u> 

<u>Bylaws: Interpretation and Amendment</u> 

Section 9.1. These Bylaws shall be interpreted in accordance with and subject to appropriate provisions of law, and may be added to, altered, amended, or repealed, at any regular or special meeting of the Board.

Section 9.2. A copy of the Bylaws and all amendments shall at all times be kept in a convenient place at the principal office of the Association, and shall be open for inspection to all shareholders during Association hours.

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<u>ARTICLE X</u> 

<u>Miscellaneous Provisions</u> 

Section 10.1. <u>Fiscal Year</u>. The fiscal year of the Association shall begin on the first day of January in each year and shall end on the thirty-first day of December following.

Section 10.2. <u>Governing Law</u>. This Association designates the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time, as the governing law for its corporate governance procedures, to the extent not inconsistent with Federal banking statutes and regulations or bank safety and soundness.

\*\*\*

(February 8, 2021)

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**<u>Exhibit 6</u>**

**CONSENT** 

In accordance with Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the undersigned, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION hereby consents that reports of examination of the undersigned by Federal, State, Territorial or District authorities may be furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request therefor.

Dated: November 7, 2025

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| | |
|:---|:---|
| By: | /s/ Steven J. Gomes |
|  | Steven J. Gomes |
|  | Vice President |

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**<u>Exhibit 7</u>**

**U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association** 

**Statement of Financial Condition** 

**as of 9/30/2025** 

**($000's)** 

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
|  | **9/30/2025** |
|  **Assets** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cash and Balances Due From | $1949886 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Depository Institutions |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Securities | 4656 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Federal Funds | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Loans & Lease Financing Receivables | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fixed Assets | 713 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Intangible Assets | 574611 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Other Assets | 162279 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Total Assets** | $**2692145** |
|  **Liabilities** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Deposits | $0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fed Funds | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Treasury Demand Notes | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trading Liabilities | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Other Borrowed Money | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Acceptances | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subordinated Notes and Debentures | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Other Liabilities | 222254 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Total Liabilities** | $**222254** |
|  **Equity** |  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Common and Preferred Stock | 200 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Surplus | 1171635 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Undivided Profits | 1298056 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Minority Interest in Subsidiaries | 0 |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; **Total Equity Capital** | $**2469891** |
|  **Total Liabilities and Equity Capital** | $**2692145** |

---

## Ex-Filing

?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'? EX-FILING FEES

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| |
|:---|
| **Calculation of Filing Fee Tables**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**S-3**  |
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;**Cogent Biosciences, Inc.**  |

---

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | | **Security Type**  | **Security Class Title**  | **Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule**  | **Maximum Aggregate Offering Price**  | **Fee Rate**  | **Amount of Registration Fee**  |
| **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** | **Newly Registered Securities** |
| Fees to be Paid | 1 | Equity | Common stock, $0.001 par value per share | 457(r) |  | 0.0001381 |  |
| Fees to be Paid | 2 | Equity | Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share | 457(r) |  | 0.0001381 |  |
| Fees to be Paid | 3 | Debt | Debt securities | 457(r) |  | 0.0001381 |  |
| Fees to be Paid | 4 | Other | Warrants | 457(r) |  | 0.0001381 |  |
| Fees to be Paid | 5 | Other | Units | 457(r) |  | 0.0001381 |  |
| Fees to be Paid |  | Equity | &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Common stock, $0.001 par value per share | 457(o) | $300000000.00 | 0.0001381 | $41430.00 |
| Fees Previously Paid |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** | **Carry Forward Securities** |
| Carry Forward Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Total Offering Amounts: | Total Offering Amounts: | $300000000.00  |  | $41430.00  |
|  |  |  | Total Fees Previously Paid:  | Total Fees Previously Paid:  |  |  | $0.00  |
|  |  |  | Total Fee Offsets:  | Total Fee Offsets:  |  |  | $0.00  |
|  |  |  | Net Fee Due:  | Net Fee Due:  |  |  | $41430.00  |

---

 **Offering Note** <br>

<sup>1</sup> (1) The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 456(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and is excluding this information in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act, other than the registration fee due in connection with $300,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the sale agreement prospectus supplement included in this registration statement. Any additional registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis. (2) The registrant is registering hereby an indeterminate initial offering price and number or amount of securities of each identified class of securities as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices.

<sup>2</sup> (1) The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 456(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and is excluding this information in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act, other than the registration fee due in connection with $300,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the sale agreement prospectus supplement included in this registration statement. Any additional registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis. (2) The registrant is registering hereby an indeterminate initial offering price and number or amount of securities of each identified class of securities as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices.

<sup>3</sup> (1) The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 456(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and is excluding this information in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act, other than the registration fee due in connection with $300,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the sale agreement prospectus supplement included in this registration statement. Any additional registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis. (2) The registrant is registering hereby an indeterminate initial offering price and number or amount of securities of each identified class of securities as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices.

<sup>4</sup> (1) The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 456(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and is excluding this information in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act, other than the registration fee due in connection with $300,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the sale agreement prospectus supplement included in this registration statement. Any additional registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis. (2) The registrant is registering hereby an indeterminate initial offering price and number or amount of securities of each identified class of securities as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices.

<sup>5</sup> (1) The registrant is deferring payment of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 456(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and is excluding this information in reliance on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act, other than the registration fee due in connection with $300,000,000 of shares of common stock that may be issued and sold from time to time under the sale agreement prospectus supplement included in this registration statement. Any additional registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis. (2) The registrant is registering hereby an indeterminate initial offering price and number or amount of securities of each identified class of securities as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices. (3) Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder.

---

| | |
|:---|:---|
| | |
| **Rules 457(b) and 0-11(a)(2)** | **Rules 457(b) and 0-11(a)(2)** |
| Fee Offset Claims | N/A |
| Fee Offset Sources | N/A |
| **Rule 457(p)** | **Rule 457(p)** |
| Fee Offset Claims | N/A |
| Fee Offset Sources | N/A |

---

---

| | | | | | | | |
|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|
| | **Security Type**  | **Security Class Title**  | **Amount of Securities Previously Registered**  | **Maximum Aggregate Offering Price of Securities Previously Registered**  | **Form Type**  | **File Number**  | **Initial Effective Date**  |
| N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |

---