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andrewinpractice
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discovery-in-practice

schema_version string	id string	canonical_url string	title string	author unknown	language string	summary string	takeaways list	limitations_summary string	topics list	publication_status string	date_published timestamp[s]	date_modified timestamp[s]	license string	license_url string	license_status string	content_version string	body_html string	body_text string	sections list	references list	equations list	tables list	provenance unknown	display_additions dict	content_sha256 string
1.0	z-prime-detector-linearity	https://discoveryinpractice.com/articles/z-prime-detector-linearity/	A better Z′ can hide a worse measurement	{ "name": "Andrew Stewart", "url": "https://discoveryinpractice.com/about/#andrew-stewart" }	en	A higher Z′ can reflect nonlinear detector compression rather than a better assay. This article explains how bright-well variation can shrink while effect sizes become distorted, and how to check proportionality without confusing detector behavior with assay chemistry.	[ "Z′ measures control separation and variability; it does not establish detector linearity or accuracy between the controls.", "Shorter integration can reduce accumulated counts without reducing the photon arrival rate that causes counting losses.", "Check low, intermediate, and bright signals using manufacturer...	Compression does not always increase Z′. The numerical example is a constructed model, not a measurement of any particular reader.	[ "Assay quality", "Detector linearity", "Luminescence", "Z-prime" ]	published	2026-09-25T00:00:00	2026-09-25T00:00:00	CC-BY-4.0	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	Published under CC BY 4.0	1.0	<p>The bright controls have become unusually consistent. Their coefficient of variation has dropped, the Z-prime factor has improved, and the plate passes QC. Before crediting the assay optimization, check whether the reader is still measuring those wells proportionally.</p><p>In a luminescence assay, detector compress...	Introduction The bright controls have become unusually consistent. Their coefficient of variation has dropped, the Z-prime factor has improved, and the plate passes QC. Before crediting the assay optimization, check whether the reader is still measuring those wells proportionally. In a luminescence assay, detector com...	[ { "id": "introduction", "heading": "Introduction", "blocks": [ { "type": "p", "text": "The bright controls have become unusually consistent. Their coefficient of variation has dropped, the Z-prime factor has improved, and the plate passes QC. Before crediting the assay optimization...	[ { "id": "ref-1", "citation": "1. Zhang JH, Chung TDY, Oldenburg KR. A simple statistical parameter for use in evaluation and validation of high throughput screening assays. Journal of Biomolecular Screening. 1999;4(2):67–73. DOI: 10.1177/108705719900400206. Formula also presented in reference 4, section 2."...	[ { "description": "Z prime equals one minus three times the sum of the high and low control standard deviations divided by the absolute difference between their means.", "mathml": "<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"block\" aria-label=\"Z prime equals one minus three times the sum o...	[ { "caption": "Constructed example: linear and compressed control measurements", "rows": [ [ "Quantity", "Linear response", "Compressed response" ], [ "High-control mean", "100.00", "79.87" ], [ "High-control standard devia...	{ "kind": "Author-provided article converted to structured text", "examples": "Constructed calculations, not a raw experimental dataset", "editorial_additions": "Summary, takeaways, topic tags, and limitations summary" }	{ "figures": [ { "kind": "illustrative", "description": "Schematic control distributions; not measured wells" }, { "kind": "constructed model", "description": "f(x) = x × exp(−0.00223144x), no specific reader" } ], "bench_check": true, "html": "<figure class=\"data-figure...	39831090c495e52f8564ced712390c9e2b63c03d39f5af4c42d5ef46be9206cc
1.0	luminescence-integration-time	https://discoveryinpractice.com/articles/luminescence-integration-time/	When reading longer stops helping	{ "name": "Andrew Stewart", "url": "https://discoveryinpractice.com/about/#andrew-stewart" }	en	Longer luminescence reads help when photon collection limits precision, but they cannot remove persistent differences between wells. This article shows how to compare repeated reads with independently prepared replicates, account for background noise, and choose a useful stopping point.	[ "Under a stable, linear, shot-noise-limited model, halving photon-counting CV requires four times as many detected photons.", "Compare repeated reads of the same wells with independent preparations to investigate measurement noise and persistent well differences.", "Evaluate uncertainty in the reported endpoint...	A precision plateau does not identify its cause by itself. The examples assume specific statistical models and use constructed values, not experimental measurements.	[ "Measurement & precision", "Luminescence", "Integration time", "Background noise" ]	published	2026-09-25T00:00:00	2026-09-25T00:00:00	CC-BY-4.0	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	Published under CC BY 4.0	1.0	<p>The plate looks noisy, so you increase the integration time. This is often a sensible first move in a luminescence assay. It is also an excellent way to spend sixteen times longer measuring a problem that was already in the wells.</p><p>Microplate assay variability has several origins. Some fluctuations arise while ...	Introduction The plate looks noisy, so you increase the integration time. This is often a sensible first move in a luminescence assay. It is also an excellent way to spend sixteen times longer measuring a problem that was already in the wells. Microplate assay variability has several origins. Some fluctuations arise w...	[ { "id": "introduction", "heading": "Introduction", "blocks": [ { "type": "p", "text": "The plate looks noisy, so you increase the integration time. This is often a sensible first move in a luminescence assay. It is also an excellent way to spend sixteen times longer measuring a pro...	[ { "id": "ref-1", "citation": "1. Hamamatsu Photonics. Photon Counting SNR Simulator. Photon statistics and signal/background contributions; accessed September 24, 2026.", "urls": [ "https://www.hamamatsu.com/eu/en/resources/interactive-tools/photon-counting-snr-simulator.html" ] }, { "...	[ { "description": "Photon coefficient of variation equals one divided by the square root of the mean detected photon count N.", "mathml": "<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"block\" aria-label=\"Photon coefficient of variation equals one divided by the square root of the mean detect...	[ { "caption": "Constructed example: diminishing precision gains from longer integration", "rows": [ [ "Integration per well", "Measurement CV", "Persistent well CV", "Total CV" ], [ "1 second", "6.0%", "8.0%", "10.0%" ], ...	{ "kind": "Author-provided article converted to structured text", "examples": "Constructed calculations, not a raw experimental dataset", "editorial_additions": "Summary, takeaways, topic tags, and limitations summary" }	{ "figures": [], "bench_check": false, "html": "" }	014655d21b70af281a7698e0b7f32df1fd2a8867f123f84d3b3bf5fcc97a05ee
1.0	plate-map	https://discoveryinpractice.com/bench-tips/plate-map/	Read the plate map before you read the statistic	{ "name": "Discovery in Practice", "url": "https://discoveryinpractice.com/about/", "@type": "Organization" }	en	Inspect spatial patterns alongside control statistics, then use those patterns to choose a follow-up check.	[ "Preserve raw wells and their positions.", "Compare patterns with the dispensing layout and read order.", "A spatial pattern alone does not establish its cause." ]	Editorial adaptation from the related article. The plate map is illustrative, not experimental data.	[ "Bench tips", "Plate maps" ]	published	2026-09-25T00:00:00	2026-09-25T00:00:00	CC-BY-4.0	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	Published under CC BY 4.0	1.0	<div class="kicker"><span class="code">BT·01</span><span>Bench tip</span></div><h1>Read the plate map before you read the statistic.</h1><p class="lead">One summary number can hide where a measurement changes across the plate.</p><div class="plate-figure" role="img" aria-label="Illustrative 384-well heat map showing hi...	BT·01Bench tipRead the plate map before you read the statistic.One summary number can hide where a measurement changes across the plate.384 wells · illustrativeCols 1–2 high · 23–24 lowThis map is an illustration, not experimental data.Start with the raw wellsInspect the spatial pattern alongside the control distributi...	[]	[ { "id": "related-article", "citation": "Andrew Stewart. A better Z′ can hide a worse measurement.", "urls": [ "https://discoveryinpractice.com/articles/z-prime-detector-linearity/" ] } ]	[]	[]	{ "kind": "Editorial adaptation", "examples": "Illustrative map, not experimental measurements", "editorial_status": "Approved for publication" }	null	763d8831adbbabb97e874b5035d5aee2c06a8cd6aa1125a1361f0578b6a3c1cc

Discovery in Practice

Three complete articles from https://discoveryinpractice.com/. Two are by Andrew Stewart; one Bench Tip is credited to Discovery in Practice. This is an article corpus, not a collection of experimental measurements. Preserve scientific limitations, citations, attribution, canonical links, and revision dates when reusing it. The train split is the dataset loader label; there is no evaluation split or benchmark claim.

Original article content is CC BY 4.0. Third-party references retain their own terms.

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