Datasets:

YuhongLiu
/

SpatialASM-edit140k

prompt stringclasses 4 values	edit_image images listlengths 1 4	image images listlengths 1 1
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn left. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I face to the front. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn right. What do I see?
Now I stand at the marker '1' in the first image. I turn backwards. What do I see?

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

SpatialASM: Internalizing Active Mentalization for Spatial Reasoning

📖Paper | 🏠Homepage | 🤗SpatialASM Collection | 🤗SpatialASM-128k Dataset | 🤗SpatialASM-NVG Model

📢 News

🚀 [2026/10/12] We have released the SpatialASM 📖Arxiv paper and its repository.
🚀 [2025/10/12] We have released our allocentric novel-view generator 🤗SpatialASM-NVG.
🚀 [2025/10/12] We have released 🤗SpatialASM-edit140k, an image-text-to-image dataset for tuning novel-view generators, and two spatial-VQA datasets with high-quality CoT responses: 🤗SpatialASM-128k and its subset 🤗SpatialASM-66k.

🌈 Overview

Humans rarely solve difficult spatial problems by passively inspecting the views in front of them. Instead, we revisit a scene from task-relevant viewpoints and mentally reconstruct what should be visible there. We call this capability Active Spatial Mentalization (ASM).

We are thrilled to introduce SpatialASM, a scalable framework that internalizes ASM into LVLMs. Through the two-stage training on LVLMs, SpatialASM elicits active spatial exploration and imagination and enhances the overall spatial reasoning performance.

Teaser

SpatialASM consists of three complementary components:

Allocentric Novel-View Generator. SpatialASM-NVG renders the scene from a target viewpoint specified by an anchor image, a pixel location, and a viewing direction. This allocentric formulation avoids lengthy sequences of camera-centric movements.
ASM Trajectory Synthesis. Given a spatial QA sample, an LVLM plans informative viewpoints and the NVG renders the corresponding observations. After GeoP and answer-consistency filtering, rendered views are replaced by textual captions to form explicit plan-imagine-reason trajectories for SFT.
View-Imagination Reinforcement Learning. Geometry-filtered candidate views are used to construct automatically verifiable perspective-taking tasks. GRPO further strengthens the association between a viewpoint description and its expected observation.

💡 Highlights

🔥 Active spatial reasoning: SpatialASM jointly internalizes task-conditioned view planning and viewpoint-conditioned view imagination, enabling LVLMs to spontaneously seek and mentally construct missing spatial evidence.
🔥 Scalable spatial CoT supervision: SpatialASM converts existing answer-only spatial QA data into explicit plan-imagine-reason trajectories and automatically verifiable perspective-taking tasks, alleviating the scarcity of spatial Chain-of-Thought supervision.
🔥 Training-time spatial simulation: A novel-view generator acts as temporary training scaffolding. The final model does not depend on a world model, renderer, or additional visual observations at inference time.
🔥 Grounded and reliable supervision: An allocentric viewpoint interface reaches a target perspective in one query, while the Geometry Perturbation (GeoP) metric and answer-consistency checks filter unreliable synthesized views and trajectories.

SpatialASM-edit140k Dataset Overview

Each row contains prompt (string), edit_image (an ordered list of input images), and image (a one-element list containing the target image). Original image bytes are embedded in Parquet. No resizing or re-encoding is performed.

🧩Data Samples

sample

✒️Citation

If you find this project useful, please kindly cite:

@article{liu2026spatialasm,
  title={SpatialASM: Internalizing Active Mentalization for Spatial Reasoning},
  author={Yuhong Liu, Shenxi Wu, Junyi Chi, Beichen Zhang, Xuanlang Dai, Jiaqi Wang, Yuhang Zang, Dahua Lin},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2610.13832},
  year={2026}
}