Dataset Viewer
Auto-converted to Parquet Duplicate
pmid
stringclasses
65 values
pmcid
stringclasses
65 values
doi
stringclasses
65 values
title
stringclasses
65 values
section_title
stringlengths
4
234
section_text
stringlengths
12
84.9k
citations
int64
0
22
pdf_fallback
bool
1 class
full_text_available
bool
1 class
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Methods
Methods Design and oversight endTB is an international, multicenter, open-label Phase III, non-inferiority trial conducted by the endTB consortium (see Supplement ). Full design ( Figure S1 ) and implementation details are published 9 and available at NEJM.org. The study was approved by institutional/ethics review bo...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Design and oversight
Design and oversight endTB is an international, multicenter, open-label Phase III, non-inferiority trial conducted by the endTB consortium (see Supplement ). Full design ( Figure S1 ) and implementation details are published 9 and available at NEJM.org. The study was approved by institutional/ethics review boards tha...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Participants
Participants Individuals aged 15 years or older who had fluoroquinolone-susceptible, pulmonary RR-TB confirmed by WHO-endorsed rapid tests were enrolled at 12 sites, which were run by endTB partners ( Table S2 ), in Georgia, India, Kazakhstan, Lesotho, Pakistan, Peru, and South Africa, with the goal of ensuring represe...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Randomization and treatment
Randomization and treatment Treatment assignment was made by Bayesian randomization, adapted monthly by interim treatment response: 8-week culture and 39-week efficacy. Details have been previously published. 7 , 8 Assignment occurred through a centralized interactive randomization system. Experimental regimens were 3...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Procedures
Procedures Clinical, safety, and mycobacteriologic assessments occurred weekly until week 12, every 4 weeks until week 47, and every 6-8 weeks thereafter ( Table S9 ). Standardized mycobacteriology tests were performed in designated, quality-controlled, trial-site laboratories; the Institute of Tropical Medicine suppor...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Outcomes
Outcomes Favorable outcome at week 73 was the primary efficacy endpoint. It was established by the absence of an unfavorable outcome and either 1) two consecutive, negative cultures (one between weeks 65 and 73); or 2) favorable bacteriological, radiological, and clinical evolution. Unfavorable outcomes were: death (fr...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Analysis populations
Analysis populations Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and per-protocol (PP) were co-primary analysis populations. The mITT population included all randomized participants who took at least one dose of study treatment (safety population) and who had a pre-randomization culture positive for M. tuberculosis . It exclud...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Statistical Analysis
Statistical Analysis Sample size assumptions included: week 73 favorable outcomes in 75% of participants in experimental groups, 70% of participants in the control, and relapse in 10%; 11% ineligible for mITT and 10% more ineligible for PP. A sample size of 750 afforded 80% power for non-inferiority (one-sided type I e...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Results
Results Trial populations and baseline characteristics Between February 2017 and October 2021, 1542 individuals underwent screening and 754 were randomized. Nine participants were excluded from the safety population (N=745) and 46 from the mITT population, which comprised 699 participants. The PP population included 56...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Trial populations and baseline characteristics
Trial populations and baseline characteristics Between February 2017 and October 2021, 1542 individuals underwent screening and 754 were randomized. Nine participants were excluded from the safety population (N=745) and 46 from the mITT population, which comprised 699 participants. The PP population included 562 partic...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Efficacy results
Efficacy results In the primary, unadjusted outcome analysis of the control group, favorable outcomes occurred in 80.7% (95% CI, 72.4 to 87.3) in the mITT and in 95.9% (95%CI, 88.6 to 99.2) in the PP populations. Ordered comparison revealed that four experimental groups (9BCLLfxZ, 9BLMZ, 9BDLLfxZ, and 9DCMZ) were non-i...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Safety results
Safety results We report the number of participants in the safety population who experienced at least one of each safety event by Week 73 after randomization. The number with at least one Grade 3 or higher AE ranged from 54.8% (9BLMZ) to 61.4% (9BDLLfxZ) in experimental groups and was 62.7% in the control. SAE frequenc...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Discussion
Discussion Consistent results across all analyses support the non-inferior efficacy of three regimens (9BLMZ, 9BCLLfxZ, and 9BDLLfxZ) compared to the standard of care. These three regimens each produced favorable outcomes in more than 85% of participants at week 73; this represents an improvement over global averages a...
22
false
true
39879593
PMC7617355
10.1056/NEJMoa2400327
Oral regimens for rifampin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-susceptible tuberculosis
Supplementary Material
Supplementary Material Supplement
22
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Methods
Methods Trial Design and Objectives This randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind, phase 2b trial enrolled participants at 5 sites in South Africa: Worcester, Cape Town, and Mbekweni in Western Cape; Durban in KwaZulu-Natal; and Johannesburg in Gauteng Province. The primary objective was to demonstrate the effica...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Trial Design and Objectives
Trial Design and Objectives This randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind, phase 2b trial enrolled participants at 5 sites in South Africa: Worcester, Cape Town, and Mbekweni in Western Cape; Durban in KwaZulu-Natal; and Johannesburg in Gauteng Province. The primary objective was to demonstrate the efficacy of BC...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Participants
Participants Eligible participants were ≥10 and ≤18 years old and tested negative for HIV and QFT. Detailed eligibility criteria are described in the Supplement and protocol at nejm.org .
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Outcomes and assessments
Outcomes and assessments The primary endpoint was sustained QFT conversion based on positive QFT results using the manufacturer’s (Qiagen ® , Germany) assay threshold of 0.35 IU/mL IFNγ. Sustained Mtb infection was defined as sustained QFT conversion from a negative to a positive test, with initial conversion at any ...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Trial oversight
Trial oversight An independent data monitoring committee reviewed unblinded safety data every three months during enrollment and every six months thereafter, as well as the outcomes of the primary analyses. The trial was conducted in accordance with the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements ...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis The trial was designed to provide 90% power with a 1-sided alpha of 2.5% for the primary endpoint analysis. Assuming a true VE of 45%, at least 118 sustained QFT conversion events were required to demonstrate VE with a lower bound of zero, where VE is calculated as 1 – HR(BCG/Placebo). The modified...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Results
Results Baseline characteristics and disposition From 16 Oct 2019 to 22 July 2021, 3653 participants were screened and 1836 were randomized 1:1 to BCG and placebo groups ( Figure 1B ). Table S1 shows the representativeness of trial participants. At primary analysis (data cutoff: June 30, 2023), 1752 participants were...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Baseline characteristics and disposition
Baseline characteristics and disposition From 16 Oct 2019 to 22 July 2021, 3653 participants were screened and 1836 were randomized 1:1 to BCG and placebo groups ( Figure 1B ). Table S1 shows the representativeness of trial participants. At primary analysis (data cutoff: June 30, 2023), 1752 participants were in tria...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Efficacy
Efficacy The mITT population included 871 and 849 participants in the BCG and placebo groups, respectively ( Figure 1B ). Thirty-eight (4.1%) and 58 (6.3%) participants were excluded from the mITT population due to positive QFT at D71; 9 (1.0%) and 8 (0.9%) were excluded due to missing D71 and no negative result at the...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Safety
Safety Solicited local AEs were reported by 77.8% participants in the BCG group and 38.1% in the placebo group; 40.5% and 34.3% reported any solicited systemic AEs, respectively ( Table 2 ). Swelling was the most common solicited local AE, and tiredness was the most common solicited systemic AE. Unsolicited non-serious...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Immunogenicity
Immunogenicity BCG revaccination increased the frequencies of antigen-specific CD4 T cells expressing any combination of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-2, IL-17, and IL-22, compared to placebo, which remained higher than baseline, 6 months after vaccination ( Figures 3 , S2 and S3 ). Th1 responses (CD4 T cells expressing IL-2, IFN-...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Discussion
Discussion This trial was conducted to assess the findings of an earlier trial that reported a significant reduction in sustained QFT conversion rates following BCG revaccination of QFT-negative, HIV-negative adolescents 3 , assuming that a confirmatory prevention of sustained Mtb infection result and supportive corr...
9
false
true
40334156
PMC12061034
10.1056/NEJMoa2412381
BCG Revaccination for the Prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Supplementary Material
Supplementary Material Supp
9
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Evidence before this study
Evidence before this study Before undertaking this study, we conducted a systematic review on the economic evaluation of using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) to diagnose drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Our search, conducted on Aug 14, 2024, included databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, without...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Added value of this study
Added value of this study This study is the first to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of tNGS for the detection of DR-TB in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It provides essential economic evidence that has informed the World Health Organization (WHO) in making recommendations regarding the adoption of thi...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Implications of all the available evidence
Implications of all the available evidence Our study suggests that tNGS can be a cost-effective tool for DR-TB diagnosis, particularly in settings where comprehensive drug susceptibility testing (DST) is not routinely performed. The findings underscore the importance of considering existing DST practices and healthcare...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Introduction
Introduction Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) has become growing public health threat, with incidence increasing and only one third of people with multi-drug resistance (MDR)/Rifampicin resistant (RR) -TB diagnosed and enrolled in treatment annually. 1 DR-TB is more difficult to diagnose as it requires bacteriologi...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Methods
Methods Study design We developed stochastic decision analysis model to assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing tNGS for the diagnosis of DR-TB for all three objectives. This study was done from healthcare system perspective and accounted for healthcare system costs to diagnose and treat TB. The primary outcome of...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Study design
Study design We developed stochastic decision analysis model to assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing tNGS for the diagnosis of DR-TB for all three objectives. This study was done from healthcare system perspective and accounted for healthcare system costs to diagnose and treat TB. The primary outcome of this st...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Model structure, intervention, and comparator
Model structure, intervention, and comparator Model structure The decision analysis model employed a decision tree framework to simulate the diagnostic and treatment pathways for individuals with DR-TB. Each decision tree captured the sequence of testing, treatment decisions, and health outcomes, including true positiv...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Model structure
Model structure The decision analysis model employed a decision tree framework to simulate the diagnostic and treatment pathways for individuals with DR-TB. Each decision tree captured the sequence of testing, treatment decisions, and health outcomes, including true positive and false negative diagnostic results, treat...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Epidemiological, diagnostic and programmatic parameters
Epidemiological, diagnostic and programmatic parameters We gathered epidemiological parameters–prevalence data, diagnostic accuracy data and health outcome data–that were essential for the model from various sources. A detailed list of those sources is included in Table 1 . The estimate and ranges for the prevalence o...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Cost parameters
Cost parameters We only included costs incurred by the health care system ( Table 1 ). Per unit test cost of tNGS were derived from a systematic review on the cost-effectiveness of tNGS and empirical costing done in consultation with manufacturers and FIND in preparation for the GDG meeting. The costs of the different ...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Incremental cost-effectiveness
Incremental cost-effectiveness This study measured outcomes in terms of total costs and DALYs, with the primary economic measure being incremental cost per DALY averted. When tNGS was used as a test for DST among person with RR, we analyzed the incremental cost per DALY averted of introducing tNGS, compared to universa...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Statistics
Statistics Uncertainty around included parameters and the impact of this uncertainty on model results were explicitly examined through probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA). The primary outcome of ICER were obtained from a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 replications with 95% uncertainty ranges reported as the 2....
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Sensitivity and scenario analysis
Sensitivity and scenario analysis One-way sensitivity analysis was conducted to understand the potential impact of key model inputs on the ICER. We evaluated each individual parameter value independently. Parameters that showed greater influence, such as per unit test cost, contamination rate, repeat test probability (...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Ethics
Ethics Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Ottawa Research Ethics Boards (H-07-22-8325–ANN1-8325). This analysis did not involve human subjects.
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Role of funding source
Role of funding source The funder itself had no role in the design, conduct, analysis or in the decision to submit for publication.
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Results
Results Cost-effectiveness of tNGS versus universal pDST for DST among persons with RR The cost-effectiveness results for using tNGS as a test for DST after detection of RR, replacing pDST without considering differences in time to results and potential impact on loss to follow-up is shown in Table 2 . In this hypothe...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS versus universal pDST for DST among persons with RR
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS versus universal pDST for DST among persons with RR The cost-effectiveness results for using tNGS as a test for DST after detection of RR, replacing pDST without considering differences in time to results and potential impact on loss to follow-up is shown in Table 2 . In this hypothetical co...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS versus in-country DST practice for DST among persons with RR
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS versus in-country DST practice for DST among persons with RR The incremental cost per DALYs averted of using tNGS as a test for DST after detection of RR, replacing in-country DST practice for South Africa and Georgia was $15,619 (95% UR: cost saving–$114,782) and $18,375 (95% UR: Cost saving...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS as an initial test for TB drug resistance
Cost-effectiveness of tNGS as an initial test for TB drug resistance When tNGS was used as an initial test for TB drug resistance in the high DR TB setting of Georgia ( Table 2 ) it resulted in improved health gains leading to an ICER of $9261 per DALY averted (95% UR: $5258–$32,040). At WTP threshold of 3 times the co...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity analysis In univariable sensitivity analyses key epidemiological and cost parameters were varied across expected ranges to understand the influence of each parameter on model results. All variables having more than 10% change in model results were presented as a tornado diagram. When tNGS was used as a test...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Scenario analysis
Scenario analysis Table 3 shows the result of scenario analyses done to evaluate cost effectiveness of using tNGS. When tNTS was compared to pDST, the scenario where patients in the pDST arm were initiated on the least effective individualized treatment, compared to tNGS, pDST was no longer dominant over tNGS. In the ...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Discussion
Discussion In this economic evaluation, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of using tNGS for DST and detection of DR TB in the settings of South Africa, Georgia and India. When tNGS was compared with universal pDST, for DST among people with RR and assuming a similar probability of LTFU between tNGS and pDST, our find...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Contributors
Contributors AZ and SS contributed to conceptualization of the project, data curation, modelling, formal analysis, and manuscript writing. In addition, AZ also provided supervision of overall project. CM and NI contributed to conceptualization of the project, and manuscript writing. AA contributed to data curation and ...
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Data sharing statement
Data sharing statement The authors confirm that all parameters used in the cost-effectiveness analysis are available within the article and its Supplementary Materials . No new data were generated for this study.
6
false
true
39810935
PMC11732181
10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103003
Cost-effectiveness of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for detection of tuberculosis drug resistance in India, South Africa and Georgia: a modeling analysis
Declaration of interests
Declaration of interests CM reports receiving funding from USAID to support the Global TB Programme staff at the WHO. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
6
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Introduction
Introduction An estimated 7.5 million incident cases of tuberculosis (TB) were reported in 2022, making it the highest number of newly diagnosed cases since 1995 ( 1 ). Globally, 6.3% of incident cases were in people with HIV (PWH) ( 1 ). Relative to HIV-negative persons, PWH have a higher risk of developing clinical T...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Results
Results Cell-type distribution of BAL cells. Our study was restricted to PWH on long-term ART with controlled viral loads and no history of TB despite long-term exposure to Mtb in a high-transmission setting ( Figure 1A ). The 14 participants belonged to 2 well-defined phenotypic groups of equal size: participants cl...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Cell-type distribution of BAL cells.
Cell-type distribution of BAL cells. Our study was restricted to PWH on long-term ART with controlled viral loads and no history of TB despite long-term exposure to Mtb in a high-transmission setting ( Figure 1A ). The 14 participants belonged to 2 well-defined phenotypic groups of equal size: participants classified...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Characteristics of alveolar myeloid cells in the absence of ex vivo Mtb challenge.
Characteristics of alveolar myeloid cells in the absence of ex vivo Mtb challenge. To better define the differences in BAL cell subpopulations between resister and LTBI samples, we clustered the myeloid and lymphoid cells separately. Clustering was done with all the infected and noninfected samples and the 2 time point...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Characteristics of alveolar lymphoid cells in the absence of Mtb.
Characteristics of alveolar lymphoid cells in the absence of Mtb. Next, we annotated the subpopulations in the lymphocyte subset, where we identified 19 clusters ( Figure 4A , Supplemental Figure 2 , and Supplemental Table 3 ). The majority of lymphocyte clusters comprised T cells (CD3 + ), including CD4 + naive T c...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Alveolar myeloid cell response to ex vivo Mtb challenge.
Alveolar myeloid cell response to ex vivo Mtb challenge. Next, we compared the gene expression of Mtb -challenged samples from 6 hours and 24 hours after infection against the corresponding noninfected samples by group ( Figure 5, A and B , and Supplemental Tables 7 and 8 ). In both groups, upregulated genes at 6 hou...
5
false
true
39836471
PMC11957701
10.1172/JCI188016
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisters despite HIV exhibit activated T cells and macrophages in their pulmonary alveoli
Alveolar lymphoid cell response to ex vivo Mtb challenge.
Alveolar lymphoid cell response to ex vivo Mtb challenge. Given the low cell counts in LTBI lymphocyte clusters, we used the same approach as for the baseline expression comparison of lymphocytes. We investigated the gene expression of key genes at the level of the 19 lymphocyte subpopulations ( Figure 6, A and B , Su...
5
false
true
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
Downloads last month
5