q_id stringlengths 12 27 | question stringlengths 92 3.53k | answer stringclasses 10
values | cot_ids listlengths 6 32 | cots listlengths 6 32 | parsed_answers listlengths 6 32 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3054_mmlu_biology | Question: In general, animal cells differ from plant cells in that animal cells have
A. a cell wall made of cellulose
B. lysosomes
C. large vacuoles that store water
D. centrioles within centrosomes | D | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Animal cells are eukaryotic cells that function as the basic structural and functional units of life in animals and humans.",
"Animal cells are characterized by the presence of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material enclosed within a nucleus.",
"One of the key differences between animal and... | [
"D",
"D",
"D",
"B",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D"
] |
2957_mmlu_biology | Question: In humans, the disease known as hemophilia is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. Sally and Sam, both of whom are normal, marry, and they have three children: (1) Saul, a hemophiliac, who marries a normal woman and has a daughter, Sarah, who is normal; (2) a normal daughter, Sheryl, who marries a normal... | D | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Sally's genotype must be Hh; otherwise, it would be impossible for her to be the mother of a hemophiliac son Saul.",
"The genotype of Sam must be H\\nearrow because Sam is normal.",
"The genotype of Saul must be h\\nearrow because Saul is a hemophiliac.",
"Sarah's genotype must be Hh because Sara... | [
"D",
"D",
"D",
"C",
"D",
"C",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"C",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"C"
] |
3057_mmlu_biology | Question: In order for the Hardy-Weinberg law to operate with respect to a population of organisms, each of the following conditions must be met EXCEPT:
A. Genes are exchanged with other populations.
B. Population size is large.
C. Natural selection does not take place.
D. Matings are random. | A | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The Hardy-Weinberg law describes the expected frequencies of different alleles and genotypes in a population under certain conditions.",
"According to the Hardy-Weinberg law, in order to maintain genetic equilibrium, the population must meet five conditions: a large population size, no genetic drift, no ... | [
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A"
] |
3078_mmlu_biology | Question: What features enable the ferns to grow to a much largersize than the mosses?
A. Ferns grow larger because they can perform photosynthesis more efficiently than mosses
B. Ferns grow larger due to higher nutrient content
C. Ferns grow larger due to a stronger stem
D. Ferns grow larger due to their ability to mo... | G | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The vascular tissues of plants, specifically the xylem and phloem, allow them to transport water and nutrients between the cells which enabled them to grow larger.",
"Mosses do not have a vascular system.",
"Ferns do have a vascular system, which transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.",... | [
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G"
] |
2834_mmlu_biology | Question: Consider that in humans red-green colorblindness is controlled by a recessive X-linked gene, c. Assume that a normal-visioned woman, whose father was colorblind, marries a normal-visioned man. What is the probability that their first child will be colorblind?
A. 1/5
B. 2/3
C. 1/6
D. 3/4
E. 1/2
F. 1/3
G. 1/4
H... | G | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Because the woman's father was colorblind, she must have inherited the colorblind allele from him. This woman must also have inherited a normal allele from her mother.",
"The only way she can be normal-visioned is if the normal visioned allele was dominant, and the colorblind allele (c) is recessive.",
... | [
"E",
"G",
"H",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"E",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"E",
"E",
"G"
] |
3002_mmlu_biology | Question: Whatfunctionsare served by sound communication in animals?
A. Mate attraction, species recognition, defense, and territorial claim
B. For heat regulation
C. For hunting
D. For navigation
E. For mineral absorption
F. For camouflage
G. For echolocation
H. For hibernation
I. For photosynthesis
J. For playing gam... | A | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Sound is a form of communication used by many animals, including insects, birds, and mammals.",
"Sound has several functions in animal communication.",
"These functions include territorial claim, where an animal uses sound to define its territory and deter other members of the same species from enter... | [
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A"
] |
3061_mmlu_biology | Question: All of the following environmental conditions increase the rate of transpiration from plants EXCEPT
A. high temperature
B. high relative humidity
C. low relative humidity
D. wind | B | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, like leaves, stems, and flowers.",
"Transpiration occurs mainly through the stomata (singular: stoma), and it is influenced by a number of environmental factors.",
"High temperatures, low humidity, a... | [
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B",
"B"
] |
3415_mmlu_biology | Question: All of the algae have the green pigment chlorophyll, yet the different phyla of algae show a great variety of colors. Explain.
A. Different algae phyla contain a variety of pigments, including accessory pigments, in varying concentrations resulting in different colors. These pigments absorb different light wa... | A | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The green pigment chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis in all photosynthetic eukaryotes, including algae.",
"However, different phyla of algae also contain various accessory pigments that serve to either protect the photosynthetic cells from too much light energy, or to extend the range of wavelen... | [
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A"
] |
3022_mmlu_biology | Question: What characteristics of arthropods have been of primary importance in their evolutionary success?
A. Development of a chitinous exoskeleton, well-developed organ systems and complex organization of the nervous tissues.
B. Adoption of aquatic respiration across all species
C. Development of a large number of n... | A | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Arthropods are one of the most diverse and widespread groups of animals.",
"One of the most important factors contributing to their success is their protective exoskeleton composed of chitin.",
"This not only protects them from predators, but also provides support and stability for their bodies.",
... | [
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A"
] |
3277_mmlu_biology | Question: Describe the sequence of succession leading to a climax communityfrom a bare rock surface.
A. The sequence starts with ferns, followed by lichens, then grasses and finally shrubs and trees.
B. The sequence begins with aquatic plants, followed by mosses, then lichens, and finally terrestrial trees and shrubs.
... | C | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The process of succession leading to a climax community starts with pioneer species that can thrive in bare or disturbed areas with limited resources.",
"Lichens, a symbiotic relationship between fungi and photosynthetic organisms like algae or cyanobacteria, are known to be pioneer species that can grow... | [
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C"
] |
3220_mmlu_biology | Question: Keystone species are thought to have profound effects on the structure and composition of ecological communities because they
A. are more abundant than most other species in their communities
B. tend to reduce diversity by eliminating food resources for other species
C. are the largest species in their commun... | I | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Keystone species are a species that has a disproportionate impact on its environment and plays a unique and crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of its ecosystem.",
"This influence makes a keystone species crucial in maintaining the diversity and resilience of its ecosystem.",
"One ... | [
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I"
] |
2825_mmlu_biology | Question: The frequency of the gene for sickle-cell anemia in African-Americans is less than that found in the people living in their ancestral home in Africa. What factors might account for this difference?
A. Sickle-cell disease is more deadly in America
B. Sickle-cell disease has been completely eradicated in Americ... | G | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The correct answer is supported by the fact that in areas where malaria has been prevalent, the sickle-cell gene as been conserved and selected because the sickle cell trait is associated with increased resistance against malaria.",
"The answer is (G)."
],
[
"The sickle-cell allele has been maint... | [
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G",
"G"
] |
3052_mmlu_biology | Question: Which of the following are traits that are affected by more than one gene?
A. Heterozygous traits
B. Mendelian traits
C. Multiple alleles traits
D. Polygenic traits
E. Pleiotropic traits
F. Sex-linked traits
G. Incomplete dominance traits
H. Autosomal traits
I. Codominant traits
J. Blended alleles | D | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Polygenic traits are characteristics of a plant or animal that are determined by more than one gene.",
"Each gene has a small effect on the trait.",
"Examples of polygenic traits include height, weight, and eye color.",
"The answer is (D)."
],
[
"Genetics is the study of heredity and gene... | [
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D"
] |
3349_mmlu_biology | Question: A homozygous tall pea plant was crossed with a homozygous dwarf pea plant. The gene for tall is dominant to its allele for dwarf. What will be the expected phenotypic and genotypic results in the F_1 and F_2 generations?
A. F_1 Generation: Genotypic results - (3/4) DD, (1/4) Dd, Phenotypic results - All tall.... | C | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Given that the parent generation consists of homozygous tall and homozygous dwarf plants, the cross between them will result in offspring that are all heterozygous with respect to the gene that controls plant height.",
"So in the F1 generation, all plants will be tall and will have the genotype Dd.",
... | [
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C",
"C"
] |
3312_mmlu_biology | Question: Describe the various land biomes that are usually encounteredby a traveler going from the equator to the arcticpolar ice cap.
A. The land biomes include savannas, temperate grasslands, and polar ice caps without intermediate biomes.
B. The land biomes include chaparral, wetlands, temperate rainforests, and ta... | E | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"The biomes encountered by a traveler going from the equator to the arctic polar ice cap would typically include tropical rainforests, grassland biomes, temperate deciduous forests, boreal forests or taiga, and finally tundra, before reaching the arctic polar ice cap.",
"Desert regions and sclerophylous b... | [
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"E",
"C"
] |
2851_mmlu_biology | Question: Occasionally a boy is born withundescendedtestes (cryptorchidism), and he will be sterile unless they are surgically caused to descend into the scrotum. Explain the reason for this.
A. Human sperm cannot develop at the high temperature found within the body cavity.
B. The testes require the lower pressure env... | A | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Spermatogenesis is a temperature-sensitive process.",
"Human sperm cannot develop at the high temperature found within the body cavity.",
"This is why the scrotum acts as a thermoregulatory device in order to keep the testes at a lower temperature than the body.",
"When the testes remain in the a... | [
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A",
"A"
] |
3357_mmlu_biology | Question: What is anoncogene?
A. Oncogenes are found only in viruses
B. Oncogenes prevent cancer cells
C. Oncogenes are a type of immune cell
D. Oncogenes detoxify harmful substances in the cell
E. Oncogenes slow down cell division
F. Oncogenes are produced exclusively by healthy cells
G. Oncogenes are inactive segment... | I | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Oncogenes are responsible for cell growth and proliferation and can cause cancer when mutated.",
"Oncogenes can become activated (or \"turned on\") as a result of mutations.",
"In the context of cancer, oncogenes are typically \"gain-of-function mutations\", for instance, due to gene duplication or t... | [
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I",
"I"
] |
2805_mmlu_biology | Question: The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with which of the following?
A. CO2 released by the light-dependent reactions provides the raw material for the Calvin cycle.
B. The light reactions provide oxygen for the light-independent reactions.
C. Water entering the plant through the roots p... | D | [
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
] | [
[
"Photosynthesis has two distinct parts: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.",
"The light-dependent reactions are the steps of photosynthesis that require direct light and transform light into chemical energy.",
"They take place in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.",
"The C... | [
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D",
"D"
] |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
No dataset card yet
- Downloads last month
- 24