Company: INDP
Filing Date: 2025-03-13
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001493152-25-010136
Chunk: 1370

Company: Indaptus Therapeutics, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-03-13
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 1370
---
 frequently occurs substantially later than the date on which the underlying discoveries were made and patent applications
were filed. Because patents can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications of which we are unaware that may
later result in issued patents that our product candidates or potential products infringe. For example, pending applications may exist
that claim or can be amended to claim subject matter that our product candidates or potential products infringe. Competitors may file
continuing patent applications claiming priority to already issued patents in the form of continuation, divisional, or continuation-in-part
applications, in order to maintain the pendency of a patent family and attempt to cover our product candidates.

50

Third
parties may assert that we are employing their proprietary technology without authorization and may sue us for patent or other intellectual
property infringement. These lawsuits are costly and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations
and divert the attention of managerial and scientific personnel. If we are sued for patent infringement, we would need to demonstrate
that our product candidates, potential products or methods either do not infringe the claims of the relevant patent or that the patent
claims are invalid, and we may not be able to do this. Proving invalidity is difficult. For example, in the U.S., proving invalidity
requires a showing of clear and convincing evidence to overcome the presumption of validity enjoyed by issued patents. Even if we are
successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and the time and attention of our management and scientific personnel
could be diverted in pursuing these proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, we may not have sufficient
resources to bring these actions to a successful conclusion. If a court holds that any third-party patents are valid, enforceable and
cover our products or their use, the holders of any of these patents may be able to block our ability to commercialize our products unless
it acquires or obtains a license under the applicable patents or until the patents expire.

We
may not be able to enter into licensing arrangements or make other arrangements at a reasonable cost or on reasonable terms. Any inability
to secure licenses or alternative technology could result in delays in the introduction of our products or lead to prohibition of the
manufacture or sale of products by us. Even if we are able to obtain a license, it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving our competitors
access to the same technologies licensed to us. We could be forced, including by court order, to cease