Company: WBI
Filing Date: 2025-09-18
Form Type: 424B4
Source: 0001193125-25-206805
Chunk: 194

Company: WaterBridge Infrastructure LLC
Filing Date: 2025-09-18
Form: 424B4
Chunk 194
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&P companies recognize the critical nature of having robust water management infrastructure in place to support their operations. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, as of the first quarter of 2025, approximately 74% of executives from 104 surveyed E&P companies anticipate drilling and completion constraints in the Permian Basin within the next five years due to insufficient produced water infrastructure. Industry leaders continue to pay close attention to the availability and limitations of water infrastructure systems serving active basins and are eager to partner with water infrastructure operators that can provide reliable produced water handling solutions.

### Overview of the Water Management Business
Water Supply

During the lifecycle of a typical horizontal well, supply water is first delivered to a wellsite either by pipeline or by truck. Supply water is typically fresh or brackish water sourced from rivers, ponds, lakes, and aquifers. Produced water can also be used as supply water; however, naturally occurring impurities and those added during the hydraulic fracturing process, must be removed prior to reuse. Once at the wellsite, supply water is mixed with additives and proppants before being injected, at high pressure, into the wellbore to hydraulically fracture a well.

Water Disposal

Following a well’s completion, the produced water, oil and natural gas must be separated and the produced water transported away from the well via pipeline or by truck for disposal or recycling. Disposal often occurs through injection into saltwater disposal wells at water handling facilities. These water handling facilities are commonly regulated by state environmental bodies as well as the EPA. Produced water may also be disposed of in evaporation and percolation pits or recycled for use as supply water in later hydraulic fracturing activities.

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Water Recycling

Recycling of produced water is an alternative to sourcing brackish water or groundwater for use in oil and gas operations. Recycled produced water is treated prior to reuse. This treatment typically involves the removal of residual hydrocarbons, reduction of free iron and other solids and removal of bacteria to meet customer specifications. Recycling of produced water volumes can be performed via recycling centers and treatment facilities. In the future, these recycling operations may include additional units in order to further upgrade the recycled water to be used in other commercial and industrial applications, potentially even for beneficial re-use.

The Delaware Basin has experienced significant growth in oil and natural gas production activity over the last four years, with approximately 33% and 31% growth in wells brought online and active drilling rigs, respectively, according to Enverus