Company: TELO
Filing Date: 2025-02-04
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001493152-25-004872
Chunk: 278

Company: Telomir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-02-04
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1
Chunk 278
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 metabolic indicators, including fasting glucose levels, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
results, insulin concentrations, and HOMA-IR. The findings revealed:

    ●
    Reversal
    of Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance: Telomir-1 demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy in normalizing blood glucose and reducing
    insulin levels, restoring glucose homeostasis.

7

    ●
    Significantly
    Reduced HOMA-IR Values: Telomir-1 showed a substantial improvement in insulin sensitivity to near pre-diabetes values, underscoring
    its potential to mitigate insulin resistance.

    ●
    Enhanced
    Glucose Clearance: Significant improvements in OGTT results highlighted Telomir-1’s impact on glucose metabolism.

    ●
    Increased
    Survival Rates: Treated models exhibited improved survival compared to controls, showcasing Telomir-1’s comprehensive therapeutic
    potential.

A
Novel Mechanism of Action

Telomir-1
introduces a novel mechanism of action by addressing the cellular role of iron metabolism in chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes.
Excess iron contributes to oxidative stress, beta-cell damage, and insulin resistance. Telomir-1 is designed to normalize iron homeostasis,
reducing oxidative stress and enhancing insulin sensitivity. This differentiates it from current diabetes drugs that primarily treat
symptoms without targeting the underlying causes.

The
study demonstrated significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose to basal levels, improvements in glucose tolerance, and a reversal
of insulin resistance to near pre-diabetic levels. These results were accompanied by improved HOMA-IR values, a standard measure of insulin
sensitivity and resistance, and increased survival rates in treated models.

Global
Impact of Type 2 Diabetes

According
to the International Diabetes Federation, over 800 million adults worldwide are affected by Type 2 diabetes (both diagnosed and undiagnosed),
with annual healthcare costs exceeding $966 billion as of 2021. Existing treatments primarily manage blood glucose and symptoms but fail
to address the root causes of the disease. These therapies are often associated with significant limitations, including minimal impact
on insulin resistance, gastrointestinal issues, risk of hypoglycemia, cardiovascular risks, and weight gain.

The
findings from this zebrafish diabetes model suggest that Telomir-1 could offer a transformative approach to managing Type 2 diabetes.
By targeting the underlying mechanisms of insulin resistance and oxidative stress through iron metabolism normalization,