Company: ZK
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001410578-25-000390
Chunk: 178

Company: ZEEKR Intelligent Technology Holding Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 5
Chunk 178
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 for estimated warranty costs;
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●   Costs relating to sales of batteries and other components, including (i) purchase of raw materials with respect to battery, motor and electric control system products of Ningbo Viridi, (ii) labor costs and manufacturing overhead, including depreciation of assets associated with the production, and (iii) reserve for estimated warranty costs;
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●   Costs relating to research and development service and other services, consisting of payroll compensation in connection with R&amp;D-related personnel, outsourcing service cost, materials, depreciation and amortization of assets associated with our technological services, purchase cost and storage costs of vehicle spare parts.
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Research and development expenses
The following table sets forth a breakdown of our R&D expenses during the periods indicated, both in the absolute amount and as a percentage of total research and development expenses for the periods indicated.

                      ​                         ​       ​       ​    ​    ​        ​       ​    ​    ​        ​       ​        ​       ​    ​ 
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​                                               ​   Year Ended December 31,                                                                   
​                                               ​   2022                  ​    2023                  ​    2024                                
​                                                   RMB               %        RMB               %        RMB              US$               %
​                                                   (in thousands, except percentages)                                                        
Research and development expenses               ​   ​            ​    ​   ​    ​            ​    ​   ​    ​           ​    ​            ​    ​
Outsourcing research and development expenses       2,790,095      51.3        3,591,570      42.9        3,479,095        476,634        35.8
Employee compensation                               1,989,224      36.5        3,349,231      40.0        4,603,094        630,622        47.3
Others                                              667,001        12.2        1,428,406      17.1        1,638,024        224,408        16.9
Total                                               5,446,320     100.0        8,369,207     100.0        9,720,213        1,331,664     100.0
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Our research and development expenses primarily comprise (i) outsourcing research and development expenses, primarily including