Company: ALAR
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-025287
Chunk: 51

Company: Alarum Technologies Ltd.
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 4
Chunk 51
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 requiring the need for a rotating
pool of IP addresses to be used by proxy servers.

The rotating pool of IP addresses
can be derived from proxy software installed on residential users’ computers and mobile devices, while data centers use dedicated
proxy servers. Based on the IP address it receives, a target website can distinguish whether a request comes from a residence, mobile
device or data center and display different information accordingly based on location and demographic attributes. Companies tailoring
information based on such attributes led to competitors needing proxy services to simulate being actual customers. Proxy servers are intermediaries
between devices requesting information from other servers.

Rotating proxy servers tend
to be used by companies to simulate actual customers in different locations and to collect data, also known as web data collection. Ever
since the commercialization of the web, companies have developed increasingly better ways to target consumers via advertising and marketing
to the point of adjusting pricing based on a location or even per customer basis. As companies put more of their product information online,
this customer targeting made it very difficult for competitors and customers to monitor and/or compare pricing and product availability
that can vary so much because of targeting. Websites today recognize customers to show different advertising, content and pricing based
on location and other identifiable information. Companies further evolved to prevent data collectors from accessing their data via blocking
known IP address ranges, or by deploying anti-bot solutions. Such anti-bot solutions, originally developed to block malicious bots, are
now being used also as a means of preventing automated web data collection tools. These measures prevent companies from collecting publicly
available web data, essentially affecting all use cases, whether it is comparing pricing, security companies conducing audits, AI companies
collecting public data for Large Language Model (LLM) training, or ad-tech companies verifying their advertising campaigns.

In the age of information technology,
data is arguably the world’s most precious resource and the way we use and consume data has evolved considerably. Publicly available
web data is one of the main driving forces behind digital transformation and helps corporations and brands to develop, improve and build
business strategies faster. The web data collection market includes a variety of vendors in addition to NetNut, including Bright Data,
Similarweb Ltd., Oxylabs Networks Pvt. Ltd., SmartProxy, and others.

Market Size and Growth Drivers of the Automated Data Collection
& Labeling Market, or ADCL Market

In today’s market-driven economy,
data collection, retrieval, and its analysis, is the lifeblood by which companies make their business decisions