Company: JUPGF
Filing Date: 2025-05-02
Form Type: DRS
Source: 0001641172-25-008279
Chunk: 62

Company: ATLAS CRITICAL MINERALS Corp
Filing Date: 2025-05-02
Form: DRS
Chunk 62
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 | Praseodymium 
 (Pr): 59     |
| 6.  | Neodymium    
 (Nd): 60     |
| 7.  | Promethium   
 (Pm): 61     |
| 8.  | Samarium     
 (Sm): 62     |
| 9.  | Europium     
 (Eu): 63     |
| 10. | Gadolinium   
 (Gd): 64     |
| 11. | Terbium      
 (Tb): 65     |
| 12. | Dysprosium   
 (Dy): 66     |
| 13. | Holmium      
 (Ho): 67     |
| 14. | Erbium       
 (Er): 68     |
| 15. | Thulium      
 (Tm): 69     |
| 16. | Ytterbium    
 (Yb): 70     |
| 17. | Lutetium     
 (Lu): 71     |

Rare earths (“REEs”) are classified as “light” and “heavy” based on atomic number.

Light REEs (“LREEs”) are comprised of lanthanum through gadolinium (atomic numbers 57 through 64).

Heavy REEs (“HREEs”) are comprised of terbium through lutetium (atomic numbers 65 through 71) and yttrium (atomic number 39), which has similar chemical and physical attributes to the HREEs.

HREEs tend to be less abundant and more expensive than LREEs.

Neodymium and praseodymium are key critical materials in the manufacturing of magnets that have the highest magnetic strength among commercially available magnets and enable high energy density and high energy efficiency in diverse uses.

Dysprosium and terbium are key critical materials often added to the magnet alloys to increase the operating temperature.

Some uses for other rare earth elements include:

| ● | Scandium: Critical for aerospace alloys. The U.S. imports 100% from China and Russia.           |
| ● | Yttrium: Used in radar systems and superconductors. The U.S. is 100% import-dependent, with     
 94% from China.                                                                                 |
| ● | Neodymium: Critical for permanent magnets used in electric vehicles, wind turbines, and drones. 
 China controls 70% of production.                                                               |
| ● | Terbium: Essential for