Company: OCEA
Filing Date: 2025-04-08
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001641172-25-003155
Chunk: 2476

Company: Ocean Biomedical, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-04-08
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1
Chunk 2476
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 which accounts for about 85% of all lung
cancers globally and affects about 460,000 people in the United States and 595,000 people in Europe, and glioblastoma multiforme, or
GBM, a brain cancer that kills approximately 60% of patients within 12 to 18 months from the time of diagnosis and for which new treatment
therapies are needed.

Non-Small
Cell Lung Cancer

Lung
cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, accounting for 2.1 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2018. In the United States,
lung cancer is the third most common and the deadliest malignancy. Approximately 541,000 people in the United States today have been
diagnosed with lung cancer at some point in their lives. It is estimated that 229,000 new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed annually
in the United States, representing about 13% of all cancer diagnoses. NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately
85% of new lung cancer cases.

17

NSCLC
continues to rank among the cancers with the lowest five-year survival rates and has one of the largest disease burdens in terms of disability-adjusted
life years.

Staging
is a way of describing the severity and extent of a cancer’s growth and spread. The stage of NSCLC is based on a combination of
several factors, including the size and location of the primary tumor and whether it has spread to the lymph nodes and/or other parts
of the body.

There
are five stages for NSCLC: stage 0 and stages I through IV. In general, an earlier stage of NSCLC is linked with a better outcome. Unfortunately,
a significant proportion of patients, in the order of 40% to 50%, are still diagnosed with hard-to-treat stage IV disease.

There
are currently five main ways to treat NSCLC: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The use of
these treatment options for NSCLC is based mainly on the stage of the cancer, but other factors, such as a person’s overall health
and lung function, as well as certain traits of the cancer itself, such as its molecular characteristics, are also important.

Treatment
decisions often follow either formal or informal guidelines. Treatment options can be ranked or prioritized into lines of therapy: first-line
therapy, second-line therapy,