Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-07-15
Form Type: DRS
Source: 0001213900-25-063906
Chunk: 79

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-07-15
Form: DRS
Chunk 79
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 trademarks, trade secrets and other contractual obligations to protect the IP related to our brands, products and other proprietary technologies, these legal means may afford only limited protection. Filing and prosecuting patents on drug candidates and defending the validity of the same (if challenged) in all countries throughout the world could be prohibitively expensive for us, and our IP rights in countries outside the Major Patent Jurisdictions can be less extensive than those in the Major Patent Jurisdictions. In addition, the laws of some countries in the rest of the world such as India do not protect IP rights to the same extent as laws in the Major Patent Jurisdictions. Consequently, we may not be able to prevent other parties from practicing our inventions in the rest of the world, despite our continued efforts in enforcing our IP rights through legal means. Competitors may use our technology in jurisdictions where we have not or not yet obtained patent protection to develop their own drugs and further, may export otherwise infringing drugs to non -U.S. jurisdictions where we have patent protection. Our, our licensors’ or collaboration partners’ patent applications cannot be enforced against other parties practicing the technology claimed in such applications unless and until a patent issues from such applications, and then only to the extent the issued claims cover the technology. In addition, patents and other IP rights also will not protect our technology, drug candidates if another party, including our competitors, design around our protected technology, drug candidates without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating our patents or other IP rights. Moreover, currently and as our R&D continues to progress, some of our patents and patent applications are or may be co -ownedwith another party. Some of our licenses already provide that future -developedtechnologies (and any resulting patents) will be co -ownedwith the licensors and other patents for technologies we may acquire or develop with other parties may also be jointly owned. If we are unable to obtain an exclusive license to any such co -owners’ interest in such patents or patent applications, such co -ownersmay be able to license their rights to other persons, including our competitors, and our competitors could market competing products and technology, and we 32 will be unable to transfer or grant exclusive rights to potential purchasers or development partners of such co -ownedtechnologies. In addition, we may need the cooperation of any such co -ownersof our patents in order to enforce such patents against other parties, and such cooperation may not be provided to us. Any of the foregoing could limit the revenue we might generate from our patents