Company: CMND
Filing Date: 2025-01-22
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-005490
Chunk: 118

Company: Clearmind Medicine Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-01-22
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 4
Chunk 118
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 worldwide projected to be affected by 2030, including approximately 1 in 5 women and
1 in 7 men, according to the recently published World Obesity Atlas 2022 by the World Obesity Federation. Obesity is a chronic disease
that has been linked to several conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and non-alcoholic fatty liver
disease (NAFLD). While multiple metabolic factors have been associated with the development of obesity, the underlying molecular mechanisms
are not yet fully understood. Despite the gravity of the situation, the lack of effective anti-obesity treatments poses a significant
challenge.

Several factors, including eating habits, fast
food consumption, personality traits, depression, and genetics, have been implicated in the etiologies of obesity. Recently, the notion
of food addiction has gained attention as a potential explanation for the obesity epidemic, with links observed between food addiction
and substance-related and eating disorders (most prominently binge-eating). The similarities between food addiction and drug dependence,
including an overactive response in the mesolimbic reward circuits, contribute to an inability to control food intake and maintain weight
loss, leading to a cycle of binge eating that is difficult to break. This pattern is similar to what is seen in drug addiction, where
the activation of these reward circuits contributes to an inability to control drug use. The similarities between food addiction and drug
dependence suggest that similar therapeutic approaches may be effective in treating both obesity and addictive disorders. Psychedelics,
including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), mescaline, psilocybin, and N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), interact with the serotonin receptors,
particularly 5-HT2C, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT1A. These receptors are densely located in the prefrontal cortex and mesolimbic dopamine pathways,
areas involved in emotion control, reward, and food intake. Previous studies have shown that stimulation of the serotonergic system induces
weight reduction and decreases food intake. Moreover, cerebral 5-HT2A binding was significantly and positively correlated with BMI and
provided a predictive value for weight loss after gastric bypass surgery. Importantly, psychedelics may offer a unique approach to addressing
both addiction and obesity, by disrupting rigid behavioral patterns, promoting cognitive flexibility, and increasing neuronal plasticity.

Other Application Markets

We are currently in the discovery phase of additional
innovative molecules, that will