Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-11-17
Form Type: F-1
Source: 0001213900-25-111548
Chunk: 280

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-11-17
Form: F-1
Chunk 280
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 of using amyloid positron emission tomography in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Lee et. al., Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation volume 19, Article number: 50 (2021)). A recent article “The Financial Consequences of Undiagnosed Memory Disorders” published in May 2024 (Gresenz, et al., Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports, no. 1106; 2024)) examined the effects of pre-symptomatic and early symptomatic brain health conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, on credit outcomes using national credit and Medicare databases. The authors reported weaken credit scores and payment delinquency, particularly for mortgage and credit cards, “years prior to eventual diagnosis.” DiamiR believes these data on financial impact of neurodegenerative diseases, such as MCI and AD, on patients and their families further supports the importance of developing and making available minimally invasive biomarkers, such as CogniMIR ®panel, for early detection, including at pre-symptomatic stages, for broader use. COGNIMIR ®PANEL OF miRNA BIOMARKERS for MCI and AD RISK ASSESSMENT The table below presents the CogniMIR ®panel of miRNA biomarkers in its current form. The miRNAs listed below are detectable in blood plasma and include miRNAs which are enriched in specific brain regions and present in synapses and those associated with inflammation. In 2023 DiamiR performed analytical validation of the technology, demonstrating that all CogniMIR ®panel miRNAs can be reliably and consistently detected in plasma samples (Kunwar et al. (2023) Diagnostics 13:2170). In 2H 2023 DiamiR introduced machine learning with AI analytics into its laboratory to optimize the panel, and, if feasible, reduce the number of miRNAs in CogniMIR ®to improve COGS and laboratory workflow without sacrificing performance. 169 Brain-enriched miRNAs detectable in blood plasma hold strong potential as peripheral biomarkers of AD and AD related dementias The data generated by DiamiR over the last fourteen years provide strong support for the use of circulating brain-enriched and inflammation-associated miRNAs as biomarkers for detecting and assessing the course of neurodegenerative diseases at early, including preclinical, and later stages. Most notable findings include: DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN MCI AND AGE-M