Company: GEF
Filing Date: 2025-11-19
Form Type: 10-KT
Source: 0001628280-25-053146
Chunk: 17

Company: GREIF, INC
Filing Date: 2025-11-19
Form: 10-KT
Chunk 17
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, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our Business is Sensitive to Changes in Industry Demands and Customer Preferences.

Industry demand for certain of our industrial packaging and paper products in our United States operations, and industrial packaging products in European and other international markets has varied in recent years, and more recently related to reduced demand and inflationary pressures, causing competitive pricing for those products. In addition, disruptions within our customers’ labor supply could reduce customer demand and negatively impact our business. As demand decreases, we see an increase in competition on price, which could consequentially further impact our sales and margins. We seek to offset the impacts of these pressures by focusing on quality and customer service.

We compete in industries that are capital intensive, which generally leads to continued production as long as prices are sufficient to cover marginal costs. We are making significant capital investments in line with our long-term business strategy, such as investments in new and improved equipment automation and technology to increase capacity, productivity and safety.

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As a result, changes in industry demands (including any resulting industry over-capacity) and increased new capacity for production of industrial packaging and paper products by competitors may cause substantial price competition and, in turn, we may not be able to derive the expected return on investment from our strategic investments which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, customer preferences are constantly changing based on, among other factors, cost, convenience, health, environmental and social concerns, and customers may choose to use different packaging products than the products we manufacture as their business models change, or may choose to use alternative, more sustainable materials for their packaging products, or simply forego the packaging of certain products entirely. For example, in the United States, sales of fibre drums continue to decline on a year over year basis as some customers select other packaging solutions for their products. Any shift away from packaging products we manufacture or changes in customer preferences to more sustainable supply chain solutions may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Raw Material Shortages, Price Fluctuations, Global Supply Chain Disruptions and High Inflation may Adversely Impact our Results of Operations.

The principal raw materials used in the manufacture of our products are steel, resin, recycled pulp from OCC, recycled coated and uncoated boxboard, and used industrial packaging for reconditioning, which we purchase or otherwise acquire in highly competitive, price sensitive