Company: GOOGL
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form Type: PX14A6G
Source: 0001214659-25-006690
Chunk: 3

Company: Alphabet Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form: PX14A6G
Chunk 3
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idea.

Emma Roth, “Google abandons FLoC, introduces Topics API to replace tracking cookies,” The Verge,January 25, 2022https://www.theverge.com/2022/1/25/22900567/google-floc-abandon-topics-api-cookies-tracking.

| · | 2023/2024: In 202310 and 2024,11                                                                                                            
 the Proponents filed a similar shareholder proposal at Alphabet requesting the Company to publish a HRIA examining the human rights impacts 
 of Google’s AI-driven targeted advertising policies and practices. Despite the wide support received by the Proposal (47.30% and            
 48.1% of support from Class A shareholders in 2023 and 2024, respectively), there has not been any visible indication regarding Alphabet’s  
 intention to implement the requested assessment. While the Proponents requested to meet with Alphabet to discuss the Proposal in 2023       
 and 2024, this request was denied by the Company.                                                                                           |

| · | 2024: Following Alphabet’s 2024 Annual Meeting                                                                                          
 of Stockholders, in December 2024, the Proponents, alongside more than 30 institutional investors representing over USD$1.5 trillion in 
 assets under management, sent an investor letter to Alphabet calling for a commitment from the Company to implement the HRIA requested  
 in the shareholder proposal. Alphabet has not indicated willingness to address shareholder concerns and has stated that “we are         
 unable to accommodate your request for engagement at this time.”12                                                                      |

| · | 2025: The Proponents13 have not met with 
 Alphabet on this Proposal in 2025.       |

| 2. | Targeted advertising technologies can negatively impact human rights |

Algorithmic systems are deployed to enable the delivery of targeted
advertisements, determining what users see. However, targeted advertising often results in and exacerbates, systemic discrimination risks,
such as racial discrimination, and other human rights violations. The human rights risks associated with AI driven advertising
– which plays a significant role in Google’s business model – are well documented. For example, a 2022
article on targeted ads and racial discrimination published by The Center for Critical Race and Digital Studies found that, “Google’s
AdSense has been shown to perpetuate racial stereotypes through its suggestive representations within online ads (Sweeney, 2013) while
also blocking advertisements attempting to address issues of racism (Mak, 2020).”

In Alphabet’s