Company: TGE
Filing Date: 2025-03-21
Form Type: DRS/A
Source: 0001013762-25-001106
Chunk: 326

Company: Generation Essentials Group
Filing Date: 2025-03-21
Form: DRS/A
Chunk 326
---
 fact that constitute slander or libel), and restricting sales and distribution of some types of content (e.g., age restrictions for the purchase of pornographic materials). There is no central or general regulatory authority that is responsible for content regulation. Lawmakers determine the appropriate rules and regulations, and the U.S. enforcement agencies apply these rules and regulations with the U.S. court system adjudicating disputes and enforcement actions. Intellectual Property The United States has a well -developedregulatory regime governing intellectual property protection, an important area of law for companies like us that publish and distribute media. Intellectual property protection can be generally divided into three overlapping regulatory regimes that govern: (i) patents, (ii) trademarks; and (iii) copyrights. Patents protects (i) useful inventions (utility patents); (ii) new, original, and ornamental designs of manufactured articles (design patents); and (iii) distinct and new varieties of plants (plant patents). Patents are regulated exclusively at the federal level by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or the USPTO, and the designated federal courts. The USPTO decides in the first instance which patent protections to grant and also provides legal and regulatory guidance for inventors seeking patent protections. Once the USPTO grants patent protection, an inventor seeking to enforce his or her patent rights against another party must bring a claim in federal court. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has exclusive authority to review USPTO patent decisions as well as lower court patent infringement decisions. A party seeking further review may petition the U.S. Supreme Court to review the decisions of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The U.S. Supreme Court has discretion over whether to hear such cases. 202 Trademarks include brand names, symbols, slogans, packaging and other designs that are used by an entity to identify and distinguish its goods or services in a particular marketplace. Trademarks are regulated in a similar manner as patents by the same government entities, with two key differences. First, trademark rights do not require registration; rather, a party establishes trademark rights through commercial use of the mark. However, trademark registration can strengthen protections. Second, trademarks are also protected and regulated at the state level, which means that state enforcers also oversee trademark protections, and that trademark disputes can be litigated in both state and federal court. Copyrights protect original works of intellectual and artistic expression and cover a wide variety of content, including magazines and movies. Copyrights are regulated exclusively