Company: CNEY
Filing Date: 2025-10-29
Form Type: F-1/A
Source: 0001477932-25-007791
Chunk: 24

Company: CN ENERGY GROUP. INC.
Filing Date: 2025-10-29
Form: F-1/A
Chunk 24
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 have a material adverse effect on the operating entities’ business and financial results.

The operating entities’ ability to compete effectively depends in part on their ability to obtain, maintain, and protect their trade secrets, proprietary information, and other intellectual property rights. The operating entities rely on a combination of trade secret, patent, trademark, and copyright laws, as well as contractual restrictions and physical security measures, to protect the operating entities’ proprietary information and other intellectual property rights.

Where we believe patent protection is not appropriate or obtainable, the operating entities rely on trade secret laws and practices to protect their proprietary technology and processes, including physical security, limited dissemination and access, and confidentiality agreements with their employees, customers, consultants, business partners, potential licensees and others, to protect their trade secrets and other proprietary information. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect, and courts outside the PRC may be less willing to protect their trade secrets. There can be no assurance that the operating entities’ protective measures will effectively prevent disclosure or unauthorized use of proprietary information or provide an adequate remedy in the event of misappropriation, infringement, or other violations of the operating entities’ proprietary information and other intellectual property rights.

Existing laws afford only limited protection for the operating entities’ intellectual property rights. Despite the operating entities’ efforts, they may not be able to protect some of their technology, or the protection that they receive may not be sufficient. The operating entities face additional risks that their protective measures, including their patents and trademarks, could prove to be inadequate, including:

| · | the steps the operating entities take to prevent circumvention, misappropriation, or infringement of the operating entities’ proprietary rights may not be successful;                             |
| · | confidentiality agreements may be intentionally or unintentionally breached, be deemed unenforceable, or not provide adequate recourse against the disclosing party;                               |
| · | intellectual property laws may not sufficiently support the operating entities’ proprietary rights or may change in the future in a manner adverse to them;                                        |
| · | patent or trademark rights may not be granted or construed as they expect, or may be challenged, narrowed, or invalidated;                                                                         |
| · | intellectual property protection, including patents, may lapse or expire which may result in key technology becoming widely available which may hurt the operating entities’ competitive position; |
| · | effective protection of intellectual property rights may be unavailable or limited in some countries in which they operate or plan to do business;                                                 |
| · | third parties may independently develop or obtain comparable information and technology