Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form Type: 424B5
Source: 0001213900-25-118752
Chunk: 214

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form: 424B5
Chunk 214
---
 excipients/additives.                                                          |

| ● | Commercialization: The process of introducing a new product or production method into 
 commerce — making it available on the market.                                         |

<div align='center'>115</div>

ALS-4: Small molecule for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus including but not limited to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (“MRSA”)

Just as certain strains of viruses, such as human immunodeficiency
virus (“HIV”) and influenza have developed resistance to drugs developed to treat them, certain bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosisand Pseudomonas aeruginosahave become “superbugs”, having developed
resistance to many, if not all, of the existing drugs available to treat them, rendering those treatments ineffective in many instances.
MRSA is one such bacterium, a gram-positive bacterium that is genetically different from other strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus
aureus and MRSA can cause a variety of problems ranging from skin infections and sepsis to pneumonia and bloodstream infections. It is
estimated that about one out of every three people (33%) carry Staphylococcus aureus in their nose, usually without any illness; about
two in a hundred (2%) carry MRSA (source: https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/tracking/index.html). Both adults and children may carry MRSA.

Most MRSA infections occur in people who have been in hospital or other
health care settings, such as nursing homes and dialysis centers (source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mrsa/symptoms-causes/syc-20375336),
which is known as Healthcare-Associated MRSA (“HA-MRSA”). HA-MRSA infections are typically associated with invasive procedures
or devices, such as surgeries, intravenous tubing or artificial joints. Another type of MRSA infection, known as Community-Associated
MRSA (“CA-MRSA”), has occurred in wider community among healthy people. It often begins as a painful skin boil and spreads
by skin-to-skin contact. About 85% of serious, invasive MRSA infections are healthcare associated infections (https://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/2007/r071016.htm).
The incidence of CA-MRSA varies according to population and geographic location. In the U.S., more than 94,