Company: PENG
Filing Date: 2025-10-21
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001616533-25-000061
Chunk: 53

Company: Penguin Solutions, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-10-21
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 53
---
 confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements and invention assignment agreements with our employees, consultants, advisors, contractors and collaborators. However, we cannot be certain that such agreements have been entered into with all relevant parties. Furthermore, we cannot be certain that our trade secrets and other confidential proprietary information will not be disclosed or that competitors will not otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or independently develop substantially equivalent information and techniques. In addition, our trade secrets, know-how, and other proprietary information may be stolen, used in an unauthorized manner, or compromised through a direct intrusion 

34

by private parties or foreign actors, including those affiliated with or controlled by state actors. Such misappropriation of our proprietary information can occur through cyber intrusions into our computer systems, physical theft through corporate espionage, or other means. Misappropriation of proprietary information can also occur through other routes, including by our collaborators, licensees that do not comply with the terms of licenses, potential licensees that were ultimately not granted licenses, or other parties who reverse engineer our solutions. See also “Actual or perceived failures or breaches of our information and security systems, or those of our customers, suppliers or business partners, could expose us to losses.” If any of our confidential proprietary information were to be lawfully obtained or independently developed by a competitor, we would have no right to prevent such competitor from using that technology or information to compete with us, which could harm our competitive position.

We also protect our intellectual property through patent protection, particularly in our Optimized LED segment, but our patents do not cover all of our technologies, methods and systems and our competitors or others may design around our patented technologies. If any of our issued patents are found to be invalid or if any of our patent applications are rejected, our ability to exclude competitors from making, using, importing or selling the same or similar products as us could be compromised. Further, when we seek patent protection for a particular technology, there is no assurance that the applications we file will result in issued patents or that if patents do issue as a result that they will allow us to effectively block competitors creating competing technology.

We also rely on trademark registrations and have registered, or have applied to register, those trademarks that we believe are important to our business with the USPTO and in many foreign jurisdictions. We cannot assure that our applications will be approved or that these registrations will prevent imitation, counterfeiting or other infringement of our name or the infringement of our other intellectual property rights. Third parties may also oppose our trademark applications and registrations or otherwise challenge our