Company: BBVXF
Filing Date: 2025-10-30
Form Type: 6-K
Source: 0001628280-25-047437
Chunk: 27

Company: BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A.
Filing Date: 2025-10-30
Form: 6-K
Chunk 27
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ising trade protectionism and the growing U.S.-China rivalry could further heighten geopolitical tensions, especially against the backdrop of ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and in the Middle East. In response to these risks and the changes in the foreign policy of the U.S. administration, the European Union has adopted measures to increase military spending, which could support growth, while also adding to upward pressures on inflation and interest rates in the region.

Overall, rising global geopolitical tensions increase uncertainty around the outlook for the world economy and the likelihood of economic and financial disruptions, including an economic recession.

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The Group is exposed, among others, to the following general risks related to the economic and institutional environment in the countries where it operates: changes in economic activity, including potential recession scenarios; inflationary pressures that could lead to tightening of monetary conditions; stagflation triggered by intense or prolonged supply shocks, including as a result of a protectionist escalation or a sharp rise in oil and gas prices; exchange rate volatility; adverse developments in real estate markets; changes in the institutional environment of the countries where the Group operates, which could lead to sudden and pronounced GDP contractions and/or shifts in regulatory or government policy, including capital controls, dividend restrictions, or the imposition of new taxes or levies; high levels of public debt or external deficits, which could lead to sovereign credit rating downgrades or defaults or debt restructurings; the impact of policies adopted by the current U.S. administration, about which significant uncertainty remains; and episodes of financial market volatility, such as those seen recently, that could result in significant losses for the Group.

In Spain, political, regulatory, and economic conditions may have a negative impact on activity. In Mexico, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the impact of recently approved constitutional and institutional reforms, and the policies of the U.S. administration have already adversely affected the country’s economy and deteriorated its prospects. In Turkey, despite the gradual improvement in macroeconomic conditions, the situation remains relatively unstable, marked by pressure on the Turkish lira, high inflation, a significant trade deficit, relatively low central bank foreign exchange reserves, and high external financing costs. Recent political and social tensions and the geopolitical situation in the Middle East could also trigger new episodes of financial volatility and macroeconomic risks. In Argentina, despite the improvement in prospects following significant fiscal, monetary and exchange rate adjustments, the risk of economic and financial turmoil persists amid heightened political uncertainty. Lastly, in Colombia and Peru, climate-related factors, political tensions, and a deterioration of