Company: ALCE
Filing Date: 2025-06-06
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001213900-25-052242
Chunk: 325

Company: Alternus Clean Energy, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-06-06
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 325
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 the United States and may not be enforced by an Irish court. It also may be difficult for you to effect
service of process on these persons in the United States or to assert U.S. securities law claims in original actions instituted in Ireland.
Irish courts may refuse to hear a claim based on an alleged violation of U.S. securities laws reasoning that Ireland is not the most appropriate
forum in which to bring such a claim. In addition, even if an Irish court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Irish law and
not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proven as a
fact by expert witnesses, which can be a time consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Irish
law. There is little binding case law in Ireland that addresses the matters described above. As a result of the difficulty associated
with enforcing a judgment against our executive officers and directors in Ireland, you may not be able to collect any damages awarded
by either a U.S. or foreign court.

Subject to specified
time limitations and legal procedures, under the rules of private international law currently prevailing in Ireland, Irish courts may
enforce a U.S. judgment in a civil matter, including a judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws, as
well as a monetary or compensatory judgment in a non-civil matter, provided that the following key conditions are met:

    ●
    subject to limited exceptions, the judgment is final and non-appealable;

    ●
    the judgment was given by a court competent under the laws of the state of the court and is otherwise enforceable in such state;

    ●
    the judgment was rendered by a court competent under the rules of private international law applicable in Ireland;

    ●
    the laws of the state in which the judgment was given provide for the enforcement of judgments of Irish courts’ judgments;

    ●
    adequate service of process has been effected and the defendant has had a reasonable opportunity to present his arguments and evidence;

    ●
    the judgment is enforceable under the laws of Ireland and its enforcement are not contrary to the law, public policy, security or sovereignty of Ireland;

    ●
    the judgment was not obtained by fraud and does not conflict with any other valid judgment in the same matter between the same parties; and

    ●
    an action between the same parties in the