Company: RTNTF
Filing Date: 2025-02-20
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001628280-25-006642
Chunk: 131

Company: RIO TINTO LTD
Filing Date: 2025-02-20
Form: 20-F
Chunk 131
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 and any potential contamination or instability issues.                                                                                                                                                                                                |

| Annual Report on Form 20-F 2024 | 68 | riotinto.com |

Strategic report | Our approach to ESG | Climate Action Plan

Modelling financial exposure to physical climate risk In 2022, we launched the Physical Resilience Program, starting with resilience assessments in the Pilbara and Saguenay–Lac-St-Jean. In 2023, we expanded to a Group-wide assessment to understand climate risks and financial impacts. We continue to improve financial risk modelling and enhance asset- level climate resilience assessments. We update our scenario analysis for physical risk assessments in line with our strategic planning cycles or when there are significant changes to our assets or sites. This year, there have been no material changes to our business or operations, so our current assessment remains relevant. However, we have revised our assessment to confirm our business remains resilient to the identified physical risks. Our climate physical risk modelling analysis, performed in collaboration with Marsh, estimated the expected financial losses from damage to individual assets, across various time horizons and emission scenarios caused by physical climate hazards. This analysis used modelling from XDI (Cross Dependency Initiative). Losses associated with business interruption or productivity loss were excluded due to the complexity of our value chain and the increased subjectivity of loss attribution. This modelling process and methodology considers the following: 1) Asset portfolio: Includes a significant breadth of assets, including mining assets and critical infrastructure components integral to our operations. Only active industrial and mining facilities were modelled, including non-managed operations. Corporate offices and remote operation centres have been modelled but are not presented in this analysis. Assets in our closure portfolio have not been modelled, but are considered in bottom-up physical risk and resilience assessments. 2) Climate scenarios, time horizons and hazards:

| Emission scenario                                                               | Description and outcome                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| IntermediateemissionsscenarioIPCCRepresentativeConcentrationPathway 4.5(RCP4.5) | Emissions peak around2040, then decline.Relative to the1986-2005 period, globalmean surfacetemperature changesare likely to be1.1°C-2.6°C by 2100.                                                                   |
| High emissionsscenarioIPCCRepresentativeConcentrationPathway 8.5(RCP8.5)        | Emissions continue torise throughout the 21stcentury and isconsidered a worst-caseclimate change scenario.Relative to the1986-2005 period, globalmean