Company: PENG
Filing Date: 2025-10-21
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001616533-25-000061
Chunk: 43

Company: Penguin Solutions, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-10-21
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 43
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 open source software or derivative works that we developed using such software, which could implicate aspects of our proprietary code. These claims could result in litigation and could require us to make our software source code freely available to the public, purchase a costly license or cease offering the implicated products or services. Such claims may require us to re-engineer our offerings to avoid an undesirable open source license or infringement, which may be costly and time-consuming. Additionally, some open source software may include generative AI technologies or other software that incorporates or relies on generative AI models or other AI technologies. The use of such software may expose us to risks as the intellectual property ownership and license rights, including copyrights, surrounding AI technologies, has not been fully interpreted by courts or national or local laws or regulations, and any use or adoption of third-party AI technologies into our products and services may result in exposure to claims of copyright infringement or other intellectual property misappropriation. In addition, the use or modification of third-party generative AI models that are made available under an open source or similar license could introduce inaccuracies or vulnerabilities that we are unable to anticipate, detect, or control. If the licensor for such generative AI technologies developed their models by training on data that was inaccurate, biased or for which it did not have the appropriate rights, we could be subject to claims or lawsuits, including for infringement of third-party intellectual property. In addition, our usage of open-source generative AI technologies may require us to license our data or intellectual property to third parties and limit our ability to protect our intellectual property rights or proprietary data.

In addition to risks related to open source license requirements, usage of open source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software. Increased risks arise in part because open source licensors generally do not provide updates, warranties, support, indemnities or other contractual protections regarding infringement claims or the quality of the code, including with respect to security vulnerabilities where open source software may be more susceptible. These third-party open source providers could experience service outages, data loss, privacy breaches, cyberattacks, ransomware and other events relating to the applications and services they provide that could diminish the utility of these services, which could harm our business as a result. To the extent that Advanced Computing offerings depend upon the successful operation and continued updates and support of the open source software it uses, any undetected errors or defects in this open source software could prevent the deployment or impair the functionality of Advanced Computing offerings, delay the release of new product solutions, result