Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-037669
Chunk: 37

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 3
Chunk 37
---
ize the affected drug and diagnostics technology
candidates, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of operations, and prospects.

We may not have complete control of the
preparation, filing and prosecution of patent applications, or to maintain patents, licensed by us from other parties.

The Company has in-licensed,
and may in the future in-license patents owned or controlled by others for our use as part of our development plans. We also may out-license
or sublicense patents which we own or control in collaborations with others for development and commercialization of our products. In
either case, the continuing right to control the preparation, filing and prosecution of patent applications, or to maintain the patents,
covering technology under development is a matter for negotiation and we may not always be the party that obtains such control, in which
case we will be reliant on our licensors, collaboration partners or sublicensees for determining strategies with respect to those patents.
For our existing licenses, while we have an understanding with most of the licensors who maintain control over patent prosecution and
we have jointly appointed and engaged patent agents nominated by us under one or more of our licenses, we cannot guarantee that such licensors
or collaborators will always accept prosecution strategies proposed by us and/or our patent agents. Therefore, these patents and applications
may not be prosecuted and enforced in a manner consistent with the best interests of our business. If our current or future licensors
or collaboration partners fail to establish, maintain or protect such patents and other IP rights, such rights may be reduced or eliminated.
If our licensors or joint development partners are not fully cooperative or disagree with us as to the prosecution, maintenance or enforcement
of any patent rights, such patent rights could be compromised.

Risks Related to Our Reliance on Unrelated
Parties

We rely on unrelated parties to conduct
discovery and further improvement of our innovations and licensed technologies, as well as our preclinical studies and clinical trials.
If these unrelated parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain
regulatory approval for or commercialize our drug candidates, and our business could be substantially harmed.

We have relied upon and plan
to continue to rely upon CROs and collaborating institutions to monitor and manage data for our ongoing preclinical studies and programs.
We rely on these parties for execution of preclinical studies and clinical trials, and control only certain aspects of their activities.
Nevertheless, we are responsible for ensuring that each of our studies is conducted in accordance