Company: BLLN
Filing Date: 2025-08-11
Form Type: DRS/A
Source: 0000950123-25-007483
Chunk: 12

Company: BillionToOne, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-08-11
Form: DRS/A
Chunk 12
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 levels (increase expression of or silence genes). Hypermethylation of certain genes (e.g., those involved in regulation of cell division), is a hallmark for cancer

MolDX: Molecular Diagnostic Services program – establishes coverage and reimbursement for Medicare beneficiaries

MRD: Minimal residual disease—When a minimal amount of circulating tumor DNA shed from cancer cells remain after surgery or treatment

NGS:Next-generation sequencing refers to various high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies that have enabled rapid and comprehensive analysis of genetic
material

NIPT: Non-invasive prenatal testing—Testing that uses cell-free DNA from maternal blood to assess
fetal genetic risks

PCR:Polymerase Chain Reaction—A laboratory technique that amplifies, or creates multiple copies of, a specific DNA sequence.
PCR, initially developed in 1980s, is one of the most commonly used methods in molecular diagnostics. While PCR is still used as an initial step in many diagnostics for amplifying DNA, other methods (e.g., first Sanger sequencing and then NGS), have
been used as a more precise read-out in diagnostics over time

QCT: Quantitative Counting Templates—BillionToOne’s patented synthetic DNA fragments
that are the foundation of the smNGS platform. See “Business - Our Technology—The components of our platform - Quantitative Counting Templates (QCTs)”

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Sample accessioning:The process in a laboratory where incoming specimens are received, logged, labeled,
and assigned unique identifiers as soon as they arrive

SCD: Sickle cell disease—A hereditary red blood cell disorder that can be detected by UNITY
tests

sgNIPT: Single-gene non-invasive prenatal testing—A type of test pioneered by BillionToOne that can
detect single-gene disorders without paternal sample. See “Business—Our Product Portfolio” for a description of how sgNIPT is used in our products

SMA: Spinal muscular atrophy—A genetic disorder that can be detected by UNITY tests

smNGS: Single-molecule next-generation sequencing—BillionToOne’s platform technology that enables detection and quantification of blood-based genetic
targets with single molecule sensitivity. See “Business—Our Technology—Breakthrough performance capabilities”

SNV: Single nucleotide
variant—A variation in a gene’s sequence that Northstar Select can detect

TMS: Tumor Methylation Score—Northstar Response’s metric
that measures the quantity of cancer-specific DNA methylation in blood for monitoring response to a cancer therapy

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