Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-07-15
Form Type: DRS
Source: 0001213900-25-063899
Chunk: 65

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-07-15
Form: DRS
Chunk 65
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, member states of the European Patent Organization
(the “EPO”) and the PRC (collectively, “Major Patent Jurisdictions”), as well as in other countries. We have also
filed a number of provisional applications to establish earlier filing dates for certain of our other ongoing research, the specifics
of which are currently proprietary and confidential. To the extent we do not seek or obtain patent protection in a particular jurisdiction,
we may not have commercial incentive to seek marketing authorization in such jurisdiction. Nonetheless, other parties might enter those
markets with generic versions or copies of our products and received regulatory approval without having significantly invested in their
own research and development costs compared to the Company’s investment. For more information about our IP portfolio, please refer
to the Intellectual Property section below.

With respect to issued patents
in certain jurisdictions, for example in the U.S. and under the EPO, we may be entitled to obtain a patent term extension to extend the
patent expiration date provided we meet the applicable requirements for obtaining such patent term extensions. We have sought to support
our proprietary position by working with our licensors in filing patent applications in the names of the licensors in the United States
and through the PCT, related to the Lead Projects and certain other drug candidates. In the future, we intend to file patent applications
on supplemental or improvement IP derived from the licensed technologies, where those IP would be solely or jointly owned by the Company
pursuant to the terms of respective license agreements. Filing patents covering multiple technologies in multiple countries is time-consuming
and expensive, and we may not have the resources file and prosecute all necessary or desirable patent applications in a timely manner.
It is also possible that we will fail to identify patentable aspects of our research and development output before it is too late to obtain
patent protection.

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We cannot be certain that
patents will be issued or granted with respect to patent applications that are currently pending, or that issued or granted patents will
not later be found to be invalid or unenforceable.

The patent position of biotechnology
and pharmaceutical companies is generally uncertain because it involves complex legal and factual considerations. The standards applied
by the EPO, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, and foreign patent offices in granting patents are not always applied uniformly
or predictably. For example, there is no uniform worldwide policy regarding patentable subject matter or the scope of claims allowable
in bi