Company: BCDRF
Filing Date: 2025-02-28
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0000891478-25-000054
Chunk: 779

Company: Banco Santander, S.A.
Filing Date: 2025-02-28
Form: 20-F
Chunk 779
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 similar income in the consolidated income statement comprises the interest accruing in the year on all financial assets with an implicit or explicit return, calculated by applying the effective interest method, irrespective of measurement at fair value; and the rectifications of income as a result of hedge accounting. Interest is recognised gross, without deducting any tax withheld at source.

The detail of the main interest and similar income items earned in 2024, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:

| EUR million                             |     |         |      |     |         |      |     |        |      |
|                                         |     |         | 2024 |     |         | 2023 |     |        | 2022 |
| Loans and advances, central banks       |     |   1,728 |      |     |   1,959 |      |     |  1,606 |      |
| Loans and advances, credit institutions |     |   6,620 |      |     |   5,361 |      |     |  2,186 |      |
| Debt instruments                        |     |  16,120 |      |     |  14,501 |      |     | 10,416 |      |
| Loans and advances, customers           |     |  77,781 |      |     |  70,619 |      |     | 54,110 |      |
| Other interestA                         |     |  10,486 |      |     |  12,812 |      |     |  3,112 |      |
|                                         |     | 112,735 |      |     | 105,252 |      |     | 71,430 |      |

A. Mainly include the rectification of income originating from accounting hedges as well as interest on balances in central banks and on demand credit institutions.

Most of the interest and similar income was generated by the Group’s financial assets that are measured either at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.

39. Interest expense

Interest expense and similar charges in the consolidated income statement includes the interest accruing in the year on all financial liabilities with an implicit or explicit return, including remuneration in kind, calculated by applying the effective interest method, irrespective of measurement at fair value; the rectifications of cost as a result of hedge accounting; and the interest cost attributable to provisions recorded for pensions.

The detail of the main items of interest expense and similar charges