Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form Type: 424B5
Source: 0001213900-25-118752
Chunk: 288

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form: 424B5
Chunk 288
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 Test’s ability to designate 
 an individual with disease as positive)               |

| ● | Specificity (a measure of Test’s ability to designate  
 an individual who does not have a disease as negative) |

| ● | Negative Predictive Value (NPV) |

| ● | Positive Predictive Value (PPV) |

A test with robust Clinical Validation
results can be made commercially available.

Once a test has successfully
completed all three steps noted above, it can be commercialized. However, a producer/manufacturer may decide not to move to commercialize
the test until it receives sufficient reimbursement coverage.

Validating a test to ensure
it is ready for launch requires clinical evidence and FDA clearance; commercializing a product requires reimbursement from CMS/Medicare
and private insurance companies, as tests that are not reimbursed most likely will not gain uptake in the marketplace. To garner coverage
and have a test deemed medically necessary, payors will typically require additional studies, including Clinical Utility studies aimed
at demonstrating how a test changes patients’ treatment and/or physician behavior. For example, a test with high clinical utility
may prevent unnecessary surgeries or help physicians choose the right therapeutic regimen for or recommend an important lifestyle change
to a patient, when absent that test, a different treatment course, with worse results would be adopted.

While DiamiR plans on conducting
Clinical Utility studies for its CogniMIR, at this time DiamiR has no assurances that insurance companies will cover its
tests and if they do, how much they will pay for DiamiR’s tests. While coverage and contracting discussions with insurance company
typically take ~12 to 18 months, DiamiR cannot provide an estimated timeline, or guarantee of a positive outcome for these activities
at this time due to the nature of the reimbursement process and rules regarding same.

The timing of estimated completion
dates noted in the table above is based on DiamiR’s best estimate at this time, however, these dates are subject to change and potential
delays based on changes in DiamiR’s priorities and on factors outside of DiamiR control, such as supply chain disruptions, clinical
study results, and other factors discussed in the Risk Factors section are possible. DiamiR also has no control over the regulatory regime
that currently governs or will govern the products in the future and therefore cannot estimate whether or not DiamiR will need to comply
with any future regulations that could delay the commercialization of its products.

For all of DiamiR