Company: INDP
Filing Date: 2025-03-13
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001493152-25-010136
Chunk: 1372

Company: Indaptus Therapeutics, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-03-13
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 1372
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, such as interference proceedings, opposition proceedings, re-examination proceedings and other forms of
post-grant review. Any of these challenges, if successful, could result in the invalidation of, or in a narrowing of the scope of, any
of our patents and patent applications and patents and patent applications that we may apply for, own or license in the future subject
to challenge. Any of these challenges, regardless of their success, would likely be time consuming and expensive to defend and resolve
and would divert our management and scientific personnel’s time and attention.

Changes
in U.S. patent law could diminish the value of patents in general, thereby impairing our ability to protect our products.

As
is the case with other biotechnology companies, our success is heavily dependent on intellectual property, particularly patents. Obtaining
and enforcing patents in the biotechnology industry involves both technological and legal complexity and is costly, time-consuming and
inherently uncertain. For example, the U.S. previously enacted and is currently implementing wide-ranging patent reform legislation.
Specifically, on September 16, 2011, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the Leahy-Smith Act, was signed into law and included a
number of significant changes to U.S. patent law, and many of the provisions became effective in March 2013. However, it may take the
courts years to interpret the provisions of the Leahy-Smith Act, and the implementation of the statute could increase the uncertainties
and costs surrounding the prosecution of our licensed and future patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our licensed and
future patents, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In
addition, the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled on several patent cases in recent years, either narrowing the scope of patent protection available
in certain circumstances or weakening the rights of patent owners in certain situations. In addition to increasing uncertainty with regard
to our ability to obtain patents in the future, this combination of events has created uncertainty with respect to the value of patents,
once obtained. Depending on decisions by the U.S. Congress, the federal courts and the USPTO, the laws and regulations governing patents
could change in unpredictable ways that would weaken our ability to obtain new patents or to enforce patents that we might obtain in
the future.

We
may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

Filing,
prosecuting and defending patents on product candidates throughout the