Company: GEF
Filing Date: 2025-11-19
Form Type: 10-KT
Source: 0001628280-25-053146
Chunk: 28

Company: GREIF, INC
Filing Date: 2025-11-19
Form: 10-KT
Chunk 28
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 of our long-lived assets as we continue to restructure our business. Decisions to sell or close plants could reduce the estimated useful life of an asset group or indicate that the fair value of the asset group is less than the carrying value. We may also experience declines in particular businesses due to competition or other outside forces indicating our long-lived assets are not recoverable. In addition, certain future events and circumstances, including deterioration of market conditions, higher cost of capital, a decline in actual and expected consumption and demand, could result in changes to those assumptions and judgments. Any resulting impairments will impact net income in the period in which the triggering event, such as permanent or sustaining reduction in cash flows, occurs and could be significant, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

#### Risks Related to Regulatory and Legal Costs
Changing Climate, Global Climate Change Regulations and Greenhouse Gas Effects may Adversely Affect our Operations and Financial Performance.

There is continuing concern that emissions of greenhouse gases (“GHG”) and other human activities have caused or will cause significant changes in weather patterns and increase the frequency or severity of extreme weather events, including storms, droughts, wildfires and flooding. These types of extreme weather events have adversely impacted and may continue to adversely impact us, our suppliers, our customers and their ability to purchase our products and our ability to timely receive appropriate raw materials to manufacture and transport our products on a timely basis.

We believe it is likely that the scientific and political attention to issues concerning the extent and causes of climate change will continue, with differing and competing legislation regulations, changes in the enforcement priorities of regulators, and standards across the markets where we operate with respect to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) initiatives that could affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Foreign, federal, state and local regulatory and legislative bodies have enacted or proposed various legislative and regulatory measures relating to increased transparency and standardization of reporting related to factors that may include climate change, regulating GHG emissions, collection, recycling and reuse of plastic materials, and energy policies, including waste tax, and other governmental charges and mandates. The State of California has enacted legislation that will require large U.S. companies doing business in California to make broad-based climate-related disclosures starting as early as 2026, and other states are also considering new climate change disclosure requirements. In addition, the EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (“CSRD”) became effective in 2023. CSRD applies to both EU and non-EU in-scope