Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form Type: 424B5
Source: 0001213900-25-118752
Chunk: 301

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form: 424B5
Chunk 301
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1 – 5 years prior to clinical diagnosis (n=19).                                                 
 (Aging, 2012, 4:590;                                                                                                                    
 Aging, 2013, 5:925)                                                                                                                     |

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DIFFERENTIATION OF AD FROM OTHER NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

| In a study conducted with samples collected at                                                                                                        
 the University of Pennsylvania, miRNA pairs and classifiers differentiated AD/PD/FTD/ALS from controls (n=250) with accuracies of 0.89/0.90/0.88/0.83 
 (AUCs: 0.96/0.96/0.94/0.93); and NDs from each other with accuracy/AUC ranging from 0.77/0.87 for AD vs. FTD to 0.93/0.98 for AD vs. ALS. The         
 data indicated sex-related effects of some miRNA markers; the average increase in accuracy in distinguishing ND from control for all and              
 male/female groups was .06.                                                                                                                           
 (Alzheimer’s                                                                                                                                          
 Research & Therapy, 2017, 9:89)                                                                                                                       |

PREDICTION OF PROGRESSION IN SEX-STRATIFIED GROUPS

| In                                                                                                                                    
 a study conducted with plasma samples collected at Washington University, St Louis, MO, miRNA pairs differentiated asymptomatic study 
 participants, with CDR 0 at the time of blood collection, who would progress to MCI (“progressors”, n=42, on average 6 years)         
 from those who would remain cognitively normal (“non-progressors”, n=42) with an accuracy/AUC of 0.75/0.79. Both “progressor”         
 and “non-progressor” groups included amyloid-positive and amyloid-negative participants as determined by CSF Aβ.                      
 Considering sex as a biological variable increased the accuracy/AUC to 0.85/0.88 (male) and 0.84/0.86 (female).                       
 (10th Clinical Trials on Alzheimer’s                                                                                                  
 Disease (CTAD), 2017, Boston, MA, poster presentation)                                                                                |

DEFINING CLINICALLY RELEVANT PATIENT GROUPS

| The main objective of this study was to evaluate correlations and associations between the 24 miRNAs constituting CogniMIR® panel of miRNA