Company: CRCL
Filing Date: 2025-08-12
Form Type: S-1
Source: 0001193125-25-178989
Chunk: 238

Company: Circle Internet Group, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-08-12
Form: S-1
Chunk 238
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 recoveries rather than the full purported value of their stablecoin holdings.

In addition, following the passage of the GENIUS Act, we are exploring ways to further enhance protections and provide certainty for USDC holders in the unlikely event of insolvency. To that end, on June 30, 2025, we submitted to the OCC an application on behalf of our proposed subsidiary, FNDCB, to form FNDCB as a national trust bank. If approved, FNDCB will operate as a federally regulated trust institution, subject to OCC oversight, and will oversee the management of the USDC reserve according to our reserve management policy as an administrative agent. FNDCB will hold a first-priority perfected security interest in the USDC reserve as collateral trustee for the benefit of USDC holders, and protect the interests of USDC holders in the event of insolvency. See “Business—Reserve management standard” for information regarding our standards for managing Circle stablecoin reserves.

We will continue to monitor legal, regulatory, and other developments in order to take reasonable and appropriate steps to continue the safeguarding of Circle stablecoin reserves.

#### Intellectual property
The protection of our technology and intellectual property is an important aspect of our business. We rely upon a combination of trademark, patent, trade secret, and copyright laws in the United States and similar laws in other countries, as well as confidentiality procedures, contractual commitments, and other legal rights to establish, maintain, and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights. We have an active program of establishing, maintaining, and protecting our intellectual property and proprietary rights, including our proprietary technology, through the filing of patents, registration of trademarks, and use of contractual measures and other intellectual property rights. We generally enter into agreements with our employees, consultants, contractors, and other third parties that include confidentiality and nondisclosure provisions in order to limit access to, and disclosure and use of, our confidential information, trade secrets, know-how, and proprietary technology. Those agreements also often include invention or work product assignment provisions to establish, maintain, and protect our brand and other intellectual property rights. We may also agree to license our intellectual property to third parties as part of various agreements.

As of June 30, 2025, we have 21 issued patents in the United States and filed 47 nonprovisional patent applications in the United States, as well as 38 patent applications in foreign jurisdictions, with respect to our technology. We held 22 registered trademarks in the United States, including the Circle name and Circle