Company: OSRH
Filing Date: 2025-05-20
Form Type: 10-Q
Source: 0001213900-25-045947
Chunk: 21

Company: OSR Holdings, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-05-20
Form: 10-Q
Item: Part I, Item 1
Chunk 21
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     48,980  
     44,558  
     - 
  
    Total 
    $3,916,903  
    $4,055,188  
    $3,428,028  
    $79,605  
    $547,555 

Capital
risk management

Capital
includes issued capital, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Group. The primary objective
of the Group’s capital management is to maximize the shareholder value.

The
Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial
covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to
shareholders or issue new shares. The Group uses the debt ratio as a capital management indicator. This ratio is calculated by dividing
total liabilities by total equity, and total liabilities and total equity are calculated based on the amounts in the Group’s consolidated
financial statements.

14

The
group’s debt ratio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:

    March 31, 
2025  
    December 31, 
2024 
  
    Net borrowings (A) 

    Borrowings 
    $4,710,699  
    $2,297,411 
  
    Lease liabilities 
     68,359  
     78,113 
  
    Less: cash and cash equivalents 
     (1,595,697) 
     (341,543)

     3,183,361  
     2,033,981 
  
    Total equity (B) 
     132,282,477  
     143,208,215 
  
    Debt ratio (A / B) 
     2.4% 
     1.4%

(5)Fair
value measurements

Book
value and fair value of financial instruments

The
difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2025 and December
31, 2024 are insignificant.

Fair
value hierarchy

All
financial assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

●Level