Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form Type: 424B5
Source: 0001213900-25-118752
Chunk: 306

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form: 424B5
Chunk 306
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 of screening tests relying on organ-enriched miRNAs detect the presence of pathology in
a given organ; where the detection of a pathology in an organ can result in more specific (and possibly expensive and or invasive) testing
for a differential diagnosis of the disease.

In a proof-of-concept study,
miRNA pairs comprised of select miRNAs enriched in the organs of the gastrointestinal (GI) and pulmonary systems effectively differentiated
respective pathologies of the GI (esophageal, gastric or colon cancers (stages I and II), and Crohn’s disease) and lung
(pneumonia, asthma, and non-small cell lung cancer (40% with stages I and II)) systems from age-matched controls and from each
other with an overall accuracy of 90-96%.

The figure below summarizes
the approach and principal findings:

(Journal of Translational Medicine,
2013, 11:304)

<div align='center'>174</div>

ANALYTICAL PLATFORM FOR PLASMA miRNA DETECTION

In 2023, DiamiR completed an
analytical validation of plasma miRNA detection in DiamiR CLIA laboratory. The platform is based on Qiagen’s LNA qPCR technology.

In this study, published in
a peer-reviewed publication and reported at several scientific meetings (below), DiamiR has demonstrated that the 24 miRNA biomarker candidates
comprising CogniMIR panel, as well as additional miRNAs showing promise as RTT biomarker candidates, can be reliably and
consistently detected in human plasma samples with the methods implemented at DiamiR CLIA laboratory. While stem-loop-based TaqMan and
locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based qPCR assays are shown to produce highly consistent results, Qiagen’s LNA-based qPCR technology is
better suited for a CAP/CLIA-certified clinical laboratory.

(Diagnostics, 2023,
13:2170; Rett Syndrome Foundation Research Trust Conference, 2023, Boston MA, poster presentation; Alzheimer’s Association International
Conference 2023, Amsterdam, Netherlands, poster presentation).

Publications and Presentations

During the last 12 years
DiamiR has published a number of peer-reviewed papers describing its technology for identification of miRNA biomarker pairs (the contents
of these publications are not part of, and are not incorporated by reference into, this proxy statement/prospectus):

| 1. | Analytical Validation of a