Company: CERO
Filing Date: 2025-04-15
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001213900-25-032134
Chunk: 128

Company: CERO THERAPEUTICS HOLDINGS, INC.
Filing Date: 2025-04-15
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1
Chunk 128
---
 the treatment of
a range of pathologies, including cancers, making this a highly competitive market.

We face substantial competition
from multiple sources, including large and specialty pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, academic research
institutions and governmental agencies, and public and private research institutions. Our competitors compete with us based on the specific
technologies employed, and on the stage of product candidate development. In addition, many small biotechnology companies have formed
collaborations with large, established companies to (i) obtain support for their research, development, and commercialization of products,
or (ii) combine several treatment approaches to develop longer lasting or more efficacious treatments that may potentially directly compete
with our current or future product candidates.

In addition to the current
standard of care treatments for patients with cancer, numerous commercial and academic preclinical studies and clinical trials are being
undertaken by a large number of parties to assess novel technologies and product candidates in the field of immunotherapy. Results from
these studies and trials have fueled increasing levels of interest in the field of immunotherapy. Accordingly, we face competition from
numerous pharmaceutical and biotechnology entities related to the development of cellular-based therapies to treat cancer. We expect to
face competition from other companies developing TCR T therapies, such as Adaptimmune Therapeutics, plc GlaxoSmithKline plc, MediGene
AG, TCR2 Therapeutics Inc., TScan Therapeutics Inc. and Ziopharm Oncology, Inc. We also may compete with other T cell therapy companies
with target discovery platforms, such as Adaptive Therapeutics, Inc., Immatics, N.V., 3T Biosciences, Inc., and Sana Biotechnology, Inc.,
among others. We may also compete against a significant number of companies engaged in the development of autologous and allogeneic CAR-
T, CAR-NK, TIL and T cell engager technologies including larger companies such as Gilead Sciences, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
and Amgen, Inc. as well as smaller companies such as Nkarta Inc., Allogene Therapeutics Inc., Century Therapeutics Inc., and Fate Therapeutics
Inc., among others.

Many of our competitors,
either alone or in combination with their respective strategic partners, have significantly greater financial resources and expertise
in R&D, manufacturing, the regulatory approval process, and marketing than we do. Mergers and acquisitions activity in the pharmaceutical,
biopharmaceutical,