Company: FRHC
Filing Date: 2025-06-13
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0000924805-25-000012
Chunk: 111

Company: Freedom Holding Corp.
Filing Date: 2025-06-13
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1A
Chunk 111
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 credit spreads and resulting cost of such funding may be materially adversely affected. Our cost of obtaining long-term unsecured funding is directly related to our credit spreads (the amount in excess of the interest rate of benchmark securities that we need to pay). Increases in our credit spreads can significantly increase our cost of this funding. Changes in credit spreads are continuous, market-driven, and subject at times to unpredictable and highly volatile movements. 

Our investments expose us to a significant risk of capital loss.

We use a significant portion of our capital to engage in a variety of investment activities for our own account, as well as in our exchange-based market making activities. As of March 31, 2025, our assets included $2.3 billion in trading securities, of approximately 35.5% of which consisted of corporate debt securities and approximately 56.4% of non-U.S. sovereign debt securities. We have relied on leverage, including by entering into reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed and securities loaned transactions, to increase the size of our proprietary securities portfolio. As a result, we may face risks of illiquidity, loss of principal and revaluation of assets. The companies in which we invest may concentrate on markets which are or may be disproportionately impacted by pressures in the sectors on which they focus, and their existing business operations or investment strategies may not perform as projected. Such pressures may include or be exacerbated by the recent tariff increases and trade tensions. As a result, we may suffer losses from our investment activities. Our proprietary portfolio is concentrated in sovereign debt instruments outside the US and debt of number of companies. 97% of sovereign bonds we hold have been issued by the Republic of Kazakhstan, while the remaining sit across Central Asian and European countries. A consequence of this investment strategy is that our investment returns could be materially and adversely affected if these investments do not perform as anticipated or if the market performs differently than we forecast. Moreover, because we rely on leverage in our portfolio, when an investment does not perform within the time horizon we project, we face the risk of either having to close the position at a time when the market price or liquidity might be unfavorable, or extending financing arrangements beyond the time frame initially anticipated, which can result in paying higher financing costs than projected. If a significant investment such as this fails to perform as anticipated our return on investment, liquidity, cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be materially negatively affected, and the magnitude of the loss could be significant.

Substantially all of