Company: ALGN
Filing Date: 2025-11-05
Form Type: 10-Q
Source: 0001097149-25-000079
Chunk: 171

Company: ALIGN TECHNOLOGY INC
Filing Date: 2025-11-05
Form: 10-Q
Item: Item 8
Chunk 171
---
 general and administrative$417.8 $434.1 $(16.3)$1,314.1 $1,338.2 $(24.1)% of net revenues42.0 %44.4 %44.0 %44.6 %

Changes and percentages are based on actual values. Certain tables may not sum or recalculate due to rounding.

Selling, general and administrative expense generally includes personnel-related costs, including payroll, stock-based compensation and commissions for our sales force, marketing and advertising expenses including media, market research, marketing materials, clinical education, trade shows and industry events, legal and outside service costs, equipment, software and maintenance costs, depreciation and amortization expense and allocations of corporate overhead expenses including facilities and IT.

For the three months ended September 30, 2025, selling, general and administrative expense decreased compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to lower employee costs, including salaries, fringe benefits and bonus and lower marketing expense.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, selling, general and administrative expense decreased compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to lower employee costs, including salaries, fringe benefits, and bonus and lower outside services, partially offset by higher clinical education expense.

Research and development (in millions):  Three Months EndedSeptember 30,Nine Months EndedSeptember 30, 20252024Change20252024ChangeResearch and development$93.3 $85.3 $8.0 $286.9 $269.3 $17.6 % of net revenues9.4 %8.7 %9.6 %9.0 %

Changes and percentages are based on actual values. Certain tables may not sum or recalculate due to rounding.

Research and development expense generally includes personnel-related costs, including payroll and stock-based compensation, outside service costs associated with the research and development of new products and enhancements to existing products, software, equipment, material and maintenance costs, depreciation and amortization expense and allocations of corporate overhead expenses including facilities and IT.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, research and development expense increased compared to the same periods in 2024 primarily due to higher employee costs, including salaries, fringe benefits and stock-based compensation, partially offset by lower bonus cost.

Restructuring and other charges (in millions):

 Three Months EndedSeptember 30,Nine Months EndedSeptember 30, 202