Company: IOBT
Filing Date: 2025-03-31
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0000950170-25-047744
Chunk: 15

Company: IO Biotech, Inc.
Filing Date: 2025-03-31
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1
Chunk 15
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 targeted antigens, such as those derived from IDO, in the draining lymph nodes. The resulting T cells migrate to the tumor sites, where target cells with elevated expression of T-win product candidate targeted antigens are found in the TME. Upon recognition and engagement of the targeted cells, the T cells either directly eliminate the cells by cytotoxic lysis or respond by the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Elimination of immune-suppressive target cells and concomitant immune modulation of the TME into an inflamed environment results in net enhancement of T effector infiltration and enhanced anti-tumor responses. 

Figure 4: Illustration of T-win® Platform Mechanism of Action 

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Advantages of the T-win Platform 

We believe our T-win platform has the potential to pave the way for novel cancer vaccines with increased therapeutic effect and limited additional tolerability concerns. Potential advantages of our T-win platform include: 

•Durability of response: T-win product candidates are designed to target not only tumor cells but also genetically stable healthy immune-suppressive cells, with the aim of avoiding immune escape. We believe that our approach of killing direct and indirect targets may lead to immune memory, and thus sustained anti-tumor effect over time; 

•Multiple antigen design: Our product candidates include multiple antigens. The rationale behind this approach is based on the complexity of cancer, where individual patients suffering from the same cancer indication may have a different expression of immunoregulatory antigens and as a result may not respond to a single epitope treatment. We believe that an approach of targeting separate immune resistant pathways in the TME will enable our product candidates to address a larger pool of patients than therapies that are currently available are able to reach; 

•Tolerability: Therapies based on subcutaneously injected peptides have been observed to be well-tolerated in over 200 clinical trials. If T-win product candidates based on subcutaneously injected peptides are similarly well-tolerated, our product candidates could have the potential to be used as components of combination therapy in early treatment settings; 

•Versatility: Our product candidates based on our T-win platform have the potential to be used in combination with existing therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, including the PD-1 monoclonal antibodies, pembrolizumab and nivolumab. As our product candidates target a range of immunosuppressive mechanisms mediated by proteins highly expressed among several cancer indications and the mechanism of action can potentially provide supplementary effect across different checkpoint inhibitors, we believe that