Company: RDPTF
Filing Date: 2025-09-18
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-088699
Chunk: 46

Company: Radiopharm Theranostics Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-09-18
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 3
Chunk 46
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ous diseases. Thus, due to
lack of sensitivity, FDG-PET/CT is not part of the recommended diagnostic methods in prostate, bladder, nor primary breast cancer.

Radiation methods are
also used to treat tumors. In particular, X-rays or gamma- (y-) rays are used in treating tumors because they are able to penetrate
the tumor in deep tissue regions. However, externally applied X-ray and y-ray radiations penetrate through normal cells to reach the
tumor often leading to serious side effects. Another radiation method used to treat tumors is the external beam radiation procedure,
which is one of the most widely used treatments for cancer, with approximately 50% of all cancer patients receiving radiation
therapy as part of their treatment regimen. The external beam radiation procedure is highly effective in killing cancer cells and
contributes towards approximately 40% of curative treatment for cancer. However, despite the successes, only a limited number of
sites in the body can be irradiated at any time due to the off-target effects of radiation that can damage normal tissues and not
all types of cancers can be treated with external beam radiation, as certain organs or tumor types may be difficult to access with
radiation beams. As a result, its use has generally been restricted to treating localized tumors and it is not typically used as a
monotherapy to treat patients who have metastatic disease.

A common method used to treat
cancer is traditional chemotherapy, which is administered intravenously and releases medical radioisotopes. The radioisotopes target and
destroy harmful cells in the body, and their effectiveness varies depending upon the type of radiation they emit and their half-life Over
40 million such nuclear medicine procedures are performed annually with the demand for medical radioisotopes increasing by around 5% each
year. However, even if administered locally, traditional chemotherapy is not cancer specific. Thus, the radioisotopes cannot distinguish
between tumor tissue and normal tissue. As a result, the radioisotopes released spread and destroy normal cells resulting in unavoidable
side effects, such as appetite changes, nausea, vomiting, bowel issues, hair loss, fatigue and skin and nail changes.

Theranostics have the potential
to address the shortcomings of traditional nuclear medicine. Theranostics refers to drugs or methods that have the potential to combine
both the diagnosis of disease and its treatment, therapeutics. Theranostics in nuclear medicine employs a radioactive compound for diagnostic
imaging, target-expression confirmation