Company: CALX
Filing Date: 2025-02-21
Form Type: 10-K
Source: 0001406666-25-000008
Chunk: 71

Company: CALIX, INC
Filing Date: 2025-02-21
Form: 10-K
Item: Item 1B
Chunk 71
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 risk. We are directly exposed to changes in foreign exchange rates to the extent such changes affect our expenses related to our foreign assets and liabilities with our subsidiaries in China, India and the United Kingdom, whose functional currencies are Chinese Renminbi, or RMB, Indian Rupee, or INR, and British Pounds Sterling, or GBP.

Our operating expenses are incurred primarily in the U.S. and Canada (Canadian Dollar, or CAD), in China associated with our research and development operations that are maintained there, in India for our center of excellence and in the United Kingdom for our international sales and marketing activities. Our operating expenses are generally denominated in the functional currencies of our subsidiaries in which the operations are located. The percentages of our operating expenses denominated in the following currencies for the indicated fiscal years were as follows:

Years Ended December 31,2024 2023 2022USD84 %86 %88 %RMB6 6 6 INR4 3 1 CAD4 4 3 GBP2 1 2 100 %100 %100 %

If USD had appreciated or depreciated by 10%, relative to RMB, INR, CAD and GBP our operating expenses for 2024 would have decreased or increased by approximately $7.8 million, or approximately 2%.

Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may also adversely impact our financial position as the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into USD in preparing our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our consolidated financial position for the year ended December 31, 2024 was a net translation loss of $0.1 million. This loss is recognized as an adjustment to stockholders’ equity through “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).”

33

Transaction Exposure

We have certain assets and liabilities, primarily accounts receivable and accounts payable (including inter-company transactions) that are denominated in currencies other than the relevant entity’s functional currency. In certain circumstances, changes in the functional currency value of these assets and liabilities create fluctuations in our reported consolidated financial position, cash flows and results of operations. Periodically, we use derivatives to hedge against fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. We do not enter into derivatives for speculative or trading purposes. We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate variability in gains and losses generated from the re-measurement of certain assets denominated in foreign currencies. These foreign exchange forward contracts typically have maturities of approximately one to two months. As of December