Company: EUDAW
Filing Date: 2025-09-24
Form Type: 20-F/A
Source: 0001493152-25-014808
Chunk: 28

Company: EUDA Health Holdings Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-09-24
Form: 20-F/A
Chunk 28
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296 |
| Holistic wellness consumer products and services:                     |     |                     |                    |     |   |              |     |   |              |
| Holistic wellness consumer products                                   |     |                     |                844 |     |   |            - |     |   |            - |
| Wellness therapies service                                            |     |                     |             33,144 |     |   |            - |     |   |            - |
| Total holistic wellness consumer products and service cost of revenue |     |                     |             33,988 |     |   |            - |     |   |            - |
| Total cost of revenues                                                |     |                     |          3,248,850 |     |   |    2,864,383 |     |   |    2,894,296 |

| F-18 |

EUDA HEALTH HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In U.S. dollars, unless stated otherwise)

Advertising costs

Advertising is mainly through online and offline promotion activities. Advertising costs amounted to $ 77,580, $ 455,260and $ 855,863for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Defined contribution plan

The full-time employees of the Company are entitled to the government mandated defined contribution plan. The Company is required to accrue and pay for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ respective salaries, subject to certain ceilings, in accordance with the relevant government regulations, and make cash contributions to the government mandated defined contribution plan. Total expenses for the plans were $ 351,517, $ 316,971, and $ 340,756for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The related contribution plans include:

Singapore subsidiaries

- Central Provident Fund (“CPF”) – 17.00% based on employee’s monthly salary for employees aged 55 and below, reduces progressively to 7.5% as age increase;

- Skill Development Levy (“SDL”) – up to 0.25% based on employee’s monthly salary capped approximately $8.3 (SGD 11.25) for each employee.

Malaysia subsidiaries

- Social Security Organization (“SOSCO”) – 1.75% based on employee’s monthly salary capped of RM 4,000;

-Employees Provident Fund (“EPF”)