Company: ALAR
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-025287
Chunk: 50

Company: Alarum Technologies Ltd.
Filing Date: 2025-03-20
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 4
Chunk 50
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 location, and demographic attributes.
For example, flight prices to the United States may differ for a person browsing an American airline from New York rather than browsing
the same flight from London. In addition, to conduct competitor analysis, price comparisons and data extraction, companies need to access
websites as a “simulated user” to capture the real and accurate information.

From these needs, the market
of web data collection services has emerged, allowing businesses to gather data over the Internet using different types of IP addresses
(ISP, residential, data center, mobile) from various locations around the world. Web data collection services support a wide variety of
use cases and provide several significant benefits to their business users. For example, cyber and web intelligence companies can collect
data anonymously and infinitely from any public online source, advertising or ad networks can view their advertisers’ landing pages
anonymously to ensure they do not contain malware or improper advertising, online retailers can gather comparative pricing information
from competitors, and businesses may utilize these IP addresses to test their websites from different cities in the world.

A proxy server provides a
gateway between users and the internet. It is a server, referred to as an “intermediary” because it goes between end-users
and the web pages they visit online. When a computer connects to the internet, it uses an IP address. This is similar to a home street
address, telling incoming data where to go and marking outgoing data with a return address for other devices to authenticate. A proxy
server is essentially a computer on the internet that has an IP address of its own and instead of getting data directly from a website,
a customer’s request first passes through the proxy server, before going to and receiving a response from the target website, and
places an extra IP address from a rotating pool of addresses between a customer and any website they visit on the public internet. Proxy
servers provide varying levels of functionality, security, and primarily privacy, depending on the use case, needs, or user policy. Proxy
servers have many purposes, such as anonymizing identities, filtering information, getting around filters, and improving information retrieval
performance.

From the target website’s
perspective, no information about the original machine is sent. Only the proxy device’s IP address gets transmitted. As many websites
place limits on the amount of information sent to any one IP address, gathering additional, openly available data from any one website,
often involves using proxy servers to make it appear as if the requests come from different users, thus