Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form Type: 424B5
Source: 0001213900-25-118752
Chunk: 82

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-12-05
Form: 424B5
Chunk 82
---

re-examination, inter partesreview, post-grant review, derivation and equivalent proceedings in non-U.S. jurisdictions, such
as opposition proceedings. Such proceedings could result in revocation or amendment to our patents in such a way that they no longer cover
and protect our drug and diagnostics technology candidates. With respect to the validity of our patents, for example, there may be invalidating
prior art of which we, our patent counsel, and the patent examiner were unaware during prosecution. If a defendant were to prevail on
a legal assertion of invalidity and/or unenforceability, we would lose at least part, and perhaps all, of the patent protection on our
drug and diagnostics technology candidates. Such a loss of patent protection could have a material adverse impact on our business.

We may not be able to prevent
misappropriation of our trade secrets or confidential information, particularly in countries where the laws may not protect those rights
as fully as in the United States. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with IP litigation,
there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.

We may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship of our patents and other IP.

Although we are not currently
experiencing any claims challenging the inventorship of our patents or ownership of our IP, we may in the future be subject to claims
that former employees, collaborators or other parties have an interest in our patents or other IP as inventors or co-inventors. For example,
we may have inventorship disputes arise from conflicting obligations of consultants or others who are involved in developing our drug
and diagnostics technology candidates and who have not clearly contracted to transfer or assign any rights they may have to the Company.
In addition, for our licensed patents, although a majority of our licensors have procured assignment forms and records from inventors
to affirm their ownership in the licensed IP, another party or former employee or collaborator of our licensors not named in the patents
may challenge the inventorship of claim an ownership interest in one or more of our or our licensors’ patents. Litigation may be
necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging inventorship. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying
monetary damages, we may lose rights such as exclusive ownership of, or right to use, our patent rights or other IP. Such an outcome
could have a material adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending