Company: APM
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form Type: 20-F
Source: 0001213900-25-037669
Chunk: 236

Company: Aptorum Group Ltd
Filing Date: 2025-04-30
Form: 20-F
Item: Item 19
Chunk 236
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 Group’s Hong Kong subsidiaries are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. According to the Hong
Kong Inland Revenue Department, the statute of limitation is six years if any company chargeable with tax has not been assessed or has
been assessed at less than the proper amount, the statute of limitation is extended to ten years if the underpayment of taxes is due to
fraud or willful evasion. According to United Kingdom, Singapore, the United States, Canada and Ireland tax rule, trading losses are available
to be carried forward indefinitely. The Group did not have any material interest or penalties associated with tax positions for the years
ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, and did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2024
and 2023. The Group does not believe that its assessment regarding unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve
months.

Comprehensive income or loss

Certain changes in assets and liabilities are
reported as separate components of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheets, such items, along with net income or loss, are
components of comprehensive income or loss. The components of other comprehensive income or loss consist of exchange differences on translation
of foreign operations.

Net income or loss per share

Basic net income or loss per share is computed
by dividing net income or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during
the period. Diluted net income or loss per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to
issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares. Potential dilutive securities are excluded from the calculation
of diluted loss per share in loss periods as their effect would be anti-dilutive.

F-14

APTORUM GROUP LIMITED

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Stated in U. S. Dollars)

Segment reporting

The Group uses the management approach to determine
operating segment. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operating
decision maker (‘‘ CODM’’) for making decisions, allocation of resource and assessing performance.

The Group operates and manages its business
as a single operating and reportable segment. The Group’s CODM has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer who reviews
the consolidated net income (loss) when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group.
Significant segment expenses are the same as these presented under the