Datasets:
qa_id stringlengths 27 27 | qa_group_id stringlengths 28 32 | qa_family stringclasses 3
values | subtask_type stringclasses 7
values | qa_subtype stringclasses 3
values | cluster_id stringclasses 42
values | language stringclasses 1
value | split stringclasses 1
value | question stringlengths 148 1.41k | answer stringlengths 718 10.8k | claim_ids listlengths 0 8 | paper_ids listlengths 1 5 | evidence_span_ids listlengths 0 7 | association_ids listlengths 0 4 | hypothesis_ids listlengths 0 4 | record_json stringlengths 4.37k 33.7k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QA:021b176e07eeb7b171a0a5fd | QAG:d6db33b422f7b28acdd87541 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "Method We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to measure the expression levels of five target genes in a cohort of 49 patients (33 with gastric cancer and 16 with urothelial carcinoma) who had received immunotherapy and whose therapeutic res... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:2d2c32f7f3149c89060ba46b","quotes":["Method We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to... | [
"CLM:2d2c32f7f3149c89060ba46b",
"CLM:020da5685d7d17cde8a85f67"
] | [
"PMID:36455365"
] | [
"SPAN:3b1a55ff956bc24dd8b9188f"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:021b176e07eeb7b171a0a5fd","qa_group_id":"QAG:d6db33b422f7b28acdd87541","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"Method We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q... |
QA:03cc77b0c35fcc3fee44eb2f | QAG:7b5efbb2e9fe442d905bf1f7 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "The EVIDENCE study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, treatment model, and clinical outcomes of trastuzumab in Chinese HER2‐positive metastatic gastric cancer patients"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span references.
Integrated proven... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:675f244069e66ee9c0e60fb2","quotes":["The EVIDENCE study was designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, treatment ... | [
"CLM:675f244069e66ee9c0e60fb2",
"CLM:00345af022967e4fba38c511"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC10794017"
] | [
"SPAN:b6ecd12976df5a828bb095cc"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:03cc77b0c35fcc3fee44eb2f","qa_group_id":"QAG:7b5efbb2e9fe442d905bf1f7","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"The EVIDENCE study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, treatmen... |
QA:07111534d1fa3e5527878c22 | QAG:f8894f8b89cde706f059dab8 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients with gastric carcinoma received ICB therapy Characteristics EBV+/pMMR (n=22) EBV−/pMMR (n=44) EBV−/dMMR (n=29) P value: EBV+/pMMR versus EBV−/pMMR P value: EBV+/pMMR versus EBV−/dMMR Age Median (range) 63.5 (28–74) 59.0 ... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification","cross_paper_provenance","cross_paper_provenance"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:de6383b1f7f2f6d7129a8592","quotes":["Table 1 Baseline character... | [
"CLM:de6383b1f7f2f6d7129a8592",
"CLM:06d7a8039e910d5ad18fe47c",
"CLM:00345af022967e4fba38c511",
"CLM:5dc13771e118450bc11e8e2b"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC8896035",
"PMCID:PMC7082319",
"PMCID:PMC8994342"
] | [
"SPAN:fcb2d2b3a07b3111d1181c74",
"SPAN:fa9a5f716ba02975b6d21b57",
"SPAN:b515737f753163aadabf6f12"
] | [
"ASC2:3137f8ca7c2cda360386179a",
"ASC2:83405feae9c5326e5a00e5a5"
] | [
"HYP:DCH:1a3bf3566008721807aa2be6",
"HYP:DCH:a075ded8967bc461dd6538a1"
] | {"qa_id":"QA:07111534d1fa3e5527878c22","qa_group_id":"QAG:f8894f8b89cde706f059dab8","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients with gastric carc... |
QA:076026e7b8fe082a2e3c8e92 | QAG:763fdc9542c2375408e5696e | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "The patient was diagnosed with stage IV gastric cancer with direct invasion to liver ( Figure 7 a,b) and received capecitabine + oxaliplatin + pembrolizumab"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span references.
Integrated provenance requiremen... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:29929d998242dd0505ee56ca","quotes":["The patient was diagnosed with stage IV gastric cancer with direct invasion ... | [
"CLM:29929d998242dd0505ee56ca",
"CLM:00345af022967e4fba38c511"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC10669208"
] | [
"SPAN:20be1c9636dcbb95b1fa8a3a"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:076026e7b8fe082a2e3c8e92","qa_group_id":"QAG:763fdc9542c2375408e5696e","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"The patient was diagnosed with stage IV gastric cancer with direct... |
QA:07dfc8b91f10da25dc3cb030 | QAG:fa7659ba3f97f6067f912226 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "All four patients with liver metastasis from colon cancer achieved CR, including three with pCR and one with cCR. pCR was achieved in two of five patients with non-liver metastatic colorectal cancer"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span ref... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:3f990a8ef9a80e7c0222843b","quotes":["All four patients with liver metastasis from colon cancer reached CR, includ... | [
"CLM:3f990a8ef9a80e7c0222843b",
"CLM:00345af022967e4fba38c511"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC9988634"
] | [
"SPAN:a902225e40d4acdcaf399e04"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:07dfc8b91f10da25dc3cb030","qa_group_id":"QAG:fa7659ba3f97f6067f912226","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"All four patients with liver metastasis from colon cancer achieved... |
QA:095113b8110dcb51acde3169 | QAG:7ce10a9aaac4a241ad232136 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "2‐positive gastric cancer patients who had failed standard treatment received Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy and achieved an ORR of 57.1%"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span references.
Integrated provenance requirements:... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:e380341c51871d808b2aea0a","quotes":["In a phase I study initiated by researchers, 28 Claudin18.2‐positive gastric... | [
"CLM:e380341c51871d808b2aea0a",
"CLM:020da5685d7d17cde8a85f67"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC10794017"
] | [
"SPAN:09975a8fd318610f6c22bd8d"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:095113b8110dcb51acde3169","qa_group_id":"QAG:7ce10a9aaac4a241ad232136","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"2‐positive gastric cancer patients who had failed standard treatme... |
QA:0a4caf4ed264b81648b83419 | QAG:ee80909b4416b63d4e1439e2 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "The phase II multicenter C008 study showed that Disitamab vedotin used in advanced gastric cancer patients with HER2 positive expression (IHC 2+ or 3+) who had previously received ≥2 lines of therapy achieved an ORR of 24.4% and a median OS of 7.6 months"? Return the o... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:27ea3d10c98e2269c7be479d","quotes":["The phase II multicenter C008 study showed that Disitamab vedotin used in ad... | [
"CLM:27ea3d10c98e2269c7be479d",
"CLM:06d7a8039e910d5ad18fe47c"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC10794017"
] | [
"SPAN:5231bf8330376182bcfded83"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:0a4caf4ed264b81648b83419","qa_group_id":"QAG:ee80909b4416b63d4e1439e2","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"The phase II multicenter C008 study showed that Disitamab vedotin ... |
QA:0c2638c741667bdc89ada4ea | QAG:8d47c3d15625e4b031334481 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "We aimed to assess whether TMB was associated with the response to immunotherapy and to examine its relation with other biomarkers of immunotherapy response in advanced gastric cancer"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span references.
Integ... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification","cross_paper_provenance"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:0f10aec3cfff637781303dd8","quotes":["We aimed to assess whether TMB is associated with t... | [
"CLM:0f10aec3cfff637781303dd8",
"CLM:00eb0bb1568a36713b5fdcb4",
"CLM:08443da1793a00c9b7f19a98"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC7082319",
"PMCID:PMC6712454"
] | [
"SPAN:f143174205fb4f358ec8245d",
"SPAN:d488427d3d218addc147001d"
] | [
"ASC2:7e019eca2c41ceb64e4f2a6d"
] | [
"HYP:DCH:4635220242a709ff7e73a126"
] | {"qa_id":"QA:0c2638c741667bdc89ada4ea","qa_group_id":"QAG:8d47c3d15625e4b031334481","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"We aimed to assess whether TMB was associated with the response to... |
QA:0deffde678cc090bb7390e5d | QAG:5ed20d81628c9bcbc478745f | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "Similarly, in the post-hoc analysis of the KEYNOTE-061 phase III study, pembrolizumab improved OS compared with paclitaxel as 2 nd -line therapy in patients with PD-L1 positive (CPS ≥ 10%) advanced gastric cancer, whereas PFS and OS curves between pembrolizumab and pac... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification","cross_paper_provenance","cross_paper_provenance"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:5dc13771e118450bc11e8e2b","quotes":["Similarly, in the post-hoc... | [
"CLM:5dc13771e118450bc11e8e2b",
"CLM:030dc49284f8a34331af4784",
"CLM:00345af022967e4fba38c511",
"CLM:de6383b1f7f2f6d7129a8592",
"CLM:88bd2f3a71633f2c589dee1e"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC8994342",
"PMCID:PMC7082319",
"PMCID:PMC8896035",
"PMCID:PMC10160363"
] | [
"SPAN:b515737f753163aadabf6f12",
"SPAN:fa9a5f716ba02975b6d21b57",
"SPAN:fcb2d2b3a07b3111d1181c74",
"SPAN:555320ad60e9f047d76bf14f"
] | [
"ASC2:3137f8ca7c2cda360386179a",
"ASC2:83405feae9c5326e5a00e5a5",
"ASC2:fcc86b8f447cf15e498bfa4d"
] | [
"HYP:DCH:d78814b24dbb5c2bc0da0f12",
"HYP:DCH:651b660371e51b26487e49af"
] | {"qa_id":"QA:0deffde678cc090bb7390e5d","qa_group_id":"QAG:5ed20d81628c9bcbc478745f","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"Similarly, in the post-hoc analysis of the KEYNOTE-061 phase III s... |
QA:0ec7124c1de87e03d824c938 | QAG:6c5e1859a112c31aca98ede8 | provenance_qa | exact_evidence_retrieval | provenance_qa | G001 | en | train | Which exact source passage supports the statement "In our cohort three patients with locally advanced gastric cancer achieved pCR"? Return the original wording with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span references.
Integrated provenance requirements: return the exact supporting passage with paper, Claim, and Evidence Span r... | {"answer_type":"integrated_provenance","embedded_answer_types":["exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_evidence_verification"],"exact_evidence_retrieval":{"answer_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","claim_id":"CLM:b702b1721ece7528a0692ded","quotes":["In our cohort three patients with locally advanced gastric cancer achieved p... | [
"CLM:b702b1721ece7528a0692ded",
"CLM:020da5685d7d17cde8a85f67"
] | [
"PMCID:PMC9988634"
] | [
"SPAN:de142d3dbbdf8b8fc024d8a5"
] | [] | [] | {"qa_id":"QA:0ec7124c1de87e03d824c938","qa_group_id":"QAG:6c5e1859a112c31aca98ede8","qa_family":"provenance_qa","subtask_type":"exact_evidence_retrieval","language":"en","cluster_id":"G001","question":"Which exact source passage supports the statement \"In our cohort three patients with locally advanced gastric cancer ... |
GI-TraceBench
GI-TraceBench is a source-linked benchmark for evidence-grounded scientific reasoning in gastrointestinal oncology. It connects provenance question answering, knowledge discovery, and hypothesis evaluation through shared Paper, Claim, and Evidence Span records. The benchmark contains 10,282 English questions across 50 thematic clusters.
Splits
| Split | Questions | Thematic clusters |
|---|---|---|
| train | 8,737 | 42 |
| test | 1,545 | 8 |
The public training split is the finalized adaptation pool used in the paper.
The two splits have disjoint question IDs, normalized question texts, and thematic
clusters. Only train and test are defined in the default HF configuration.
The benchmark has 5,907 provenance QA, 1,910 knowledge discovery QA, and 2,465
hypothesis evaluation QA instances in total.
Load the dataset
import json
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("Sereints/FindLink")
assert len(dataset["train"]) == 8737
assert len(dataset["test"]) == 1545
example = dataset["train"][0]
answer = json.loads(example["answer"])
full_record = json.loads(example["record_json"])
The same configuration works with streaming=True.
Files and representations
data/train.parquet,data/test.parquet: the default HF loading and viewer files. They expose the question, structured answer encoded as a JSON string, task metadata, source-ID lists, and the complete record inrecord_json.train.jsonl,test.jsonl: complete structured publication records. Answers and nested evidence objects retain their native JSON structure. Read these with Python'sjsonmodule; their heterogeneous nested types are not intended for automatic Arrow schema inference.source_splits/train.jsonl,source_splits/test.jsonl: the 7,671-question source training subset and the same 1,545-question test set. They are download artifacts for tracing the source snapshot, excluded from the default HF config. The default training pool is the 8,737-question root training file.evidence_store/: 1,614 paper-ID records, 5,475 Claims, 4,968 Evidence Spans, 733 associations, and 2,048 hypothesis records. These are structured support records, not a collection of complete paper PDFs. They are download artifacts, excluded from the default QA loading configuration.dataset_info.json,release_alignment.json,SHA256SUMS.txt: representation metadata, source checksums, and checksums for every uploaded file respectively.
The default viewer keeps qa_id, qa_group_id, qa_family, subtask_type,
qa_subtype, cluster_id, language, split, and question as strings, and
claim_ids, paper_ids, evidence_span_ids, association_ids, and hypothesis_ids
as lists of strings. Optional fields may be null. answer and record_json are
JSON strings. Decoding record_json reconstructs the corresponding structured
JSONL record without dropping fields or changing scientific content.
Publication records normalize split and partition metadata to the public train/test scheme. The frozen source snapshot remains unchanged. This is a publication view of that snapshot, not a byte-for-byte copy of the source files. Natural-language uses of terms such as clinical validation are preserved.
Evaluation and limitations
The dataset supports provenance QA, knowledge discovery, and hypothesis
evaluation under supplied evidence. Reference answers are provided for training
and evaluation; they must not be supplied as model input during held-out testing.
Use record_json or the structured JSONL for task-specific assessment fields.
Construction uses AI-assisted processing and structured reference records. The benchmark is specific to English gastrointestinal oncology literature; its generated assessment targets and evidence coverage have limitations. Candidate hypotheses are assessment objects and do not establish clinical efficacy. This dataset is intended for scientific-reasoning research.
Licensing and source attribution
The authors' contributions to GI-TraceBench are licensed under the
Apache License 2.0, as selected for the Sereints/FindLink repository.
This grant applies only to rights the authors are entitled to license.
Third-party paper excerpts and source-derived material retain their applicable
original terms and are excluded from any additional grant of rights by this
dataset license. Paper IDs and Evidence Span links support source attribution.
Selecting this license does not establish permission to redistribute source
material; the applicable source terms must also be satisfied.
Provenance
This publication view is derived from the frozen
trusted_reasoning_release_20260927 snapshot. release_alignment.json records
the source-relative file paths and hashes. No model API credentials or local
authentication files are part of the dataset package.
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