IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS DATED: 17.9.2010 CORAM: THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE P.JYOTHIMANI W.P.Nos.18925, 15730, 15748, 15786 to 15788, 15791, 15932, 16489, 15937, 17036, 16770, 16807, 16842, 17516, 17848, 18266, 16912, 19050, 20916, 21000 of 2010 and 16113/10 and M.P.Nos.1 and 2 of 2010 (in W.P.No.18925 of 2010), M.P.No.1 (in W.P.No.15730 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.15748 of 2010), M.P.Nos.1, 1 and 1 (in W.P.Nos.15786 to 15788 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.15791 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.15932 of 2010), M.P.Nos.1 and 2 of 2010 (in W.P.No.16489 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.15937 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.17036 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.16770 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.16807 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.17516 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.17848 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.16912 of 2010), M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.20916 of 2010) and M.P.No.1 of 2010 (in W.P.No.21000 of 2010) Minor A.Dharani Devi rep. by her Father and Natural Guardian P.Anbuchelvan Door No.2, First Cross Street Ganesh Nagar, Madipakkam Chennai – 600 091. .. Petitioner in W.P.18925 of 2010 G.ADETHEN (MINOR) REP.BY FATHER AND GUARDIAN M.GUNASEKARAN PETITIONER in WP 15730/10 MINOR S.R. SHARATH SHANMUGAM REP BY HIS FATHER AND NATURAL GUARDIAN DR.M. S. RAVI PETITIONER in WP 15748/10 SANTHOSH RAMANAN.A (MINOR) S/O.N.APPUSAMY REP. BY HIS MOTHER & NEXT FRIEND DR.R.CHITRA DEVI PETITIONER in WP 15786/10 https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ SUNDRI.R (MINOR) D/O.S.RAVICHANDRAN REP. BY HER FATHER & NATURAL GUARDIAN S.RAVICHANDRAN PETITIONER in WP 15787/10 R.VELVIZHI (MINOR) D/O.V.RAVEENDRAN REP. BY HIS FATHER & NATURAL GUARDIAN V.RAVEENDRAN PETITIONER in WP 15788/10 AISHWARYA MOHAN (MINOR) D/O.C.JAYANTHI REP. BY HER MOTHER & NEXT FRIEND C.JAYANTHI PETITIONER in WP 15791/10 P. MANICKAVEL S/O.V. THIRUVENGADAM PETITIONER in WP 15932/10 P.SINTHAMANI SELVI S/O.S. PUGALENTHI PETITIONER in WP 16489/10 MINOR J.C.YOGAISVARIYA REP. BY NATURAL GUARDIAN & FATHER CHANDRANIELADITYA HIG-1 PETITIONER in WP 15937/10 MISS.T.SARANYA BHARATHI D/O. MR. TAMIL SUNDAR PETITIONER in WP 17036/10 MINOR V.GAYATHRI REP. BY HER FATHER AND NATURAL GUARDIAN M. VENKATESAN PETITIONER in WP 16770/10 M. BHUVANESH REP BY HIS FATHER AND NATURAL GUARDIAN MR.M. MAHENDRAN PETITIONER in WP 16807/10 MINOR R.A.MADHUMITHA REP. BY NATURAL GUARDIAN AND FATHER R. ANBARASAN PETITIONER in WP 16842/10 MINOR M.SUVATHIPRIYA REP. BY HER NATURAL GUARDIAN AND FATHER A. MURUGESAN PETITIONER in WP 17516/10 https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ N.NANTHINI (MINOR) REP BY HER FATHER D. NULLUSAMY PETITIONER in WP 17848/10 MINOR K. PRIYADHARSHINI REP BY HER NATURAL GUARDIAN AND FATHER R.KATHIRVEL PETITIONER in WP 18266/10 P. KAMALAKANNAN S/O.PAKKIRISAMY PETITIONER in WP 16912/10 MINOR KIRUTHIKA D/O.T.R.RAJENDRAN MINOR REP. BY FATHER AND NATURAL GUARDIAN T.R.RAJENDRAN PETITIONER in WP 19050/10 MINOR S.PARVATHA VARTHINI REP BY HER FATHER G.SUBBURAM PETITIONER in WP 20916/10 MINOR O.K.PREETHI REP. BY HER FATHER / NEXT FRIEND O.D. KAMALAKANNAN PETITIONER in WP 21000/10 J.VIVEK (MINOR) REP. BY HIS FATHER & NATURAL GUARDIAN M. JAGANATHAN PETITIONER in WP 16113/10 vs The Director Department of Government Examinations, Chennai - 06. ..1st Respondent in 18925, 15730, 16842, 17516, 17848, 18266/10, 15937/10 The Secretary, State Board of School Examinations, (Higher Secondary) Chennai - 06. .1st Respondent in WP.15786, 15787, 15788, 15791, 15937, 19050/10 ..2nd Respondent in WP.18925, 15932, 16770, 17516, 18266, 16912 & 20916/10. ..4th Respondent in WP.16807/10 ..5th Respondent in W.P.21000/10 https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ The Director, Department of Government Examinations, Chennai - 06. .. 2nd Respondent in WP.16489/10, 17848/10. .. 1st Respondent in WP.16842/10 The Director of School Education, College Road, Chennai. .. 1st Respondent in WP.15932, 16770/10, 17516/10, 18266/10 . 2nd Respondent in WP.15786, 15787, 15788, 15791, 16489, 16912/10, 17036, 19050, 16113/10 .. 3rd Respondent in WP.16807, 18925/2010 .. 4th Respondent in WP.21000/10 The Director, Director of Medical Education, Kilpauk, Chennai - 10. .. 1st Respondent in WP.16489/10 .. 2nd Respondent in WP.21000/10 .. 3rd Respondent in WP.15786, 15787, 15788, 15791, 15932, 17516, 17848, 19050, 20916/10 ..4th Repsondent in W.P.18925/10 The Secretary, Selection Committee MBBS/BDS, Director of Medical Education, Kilpauk, Chennai - 10. .. 2nd Respondent in WP.15730/2010 .. 3rd Respondent in WP.15937, 17036, 16770, 16842, 18266, 16912, 21000/10, 20916/10, 16113/10 .. 4th Respondent in WP.17848/10 .. 5th Respondent in WP.16807, 18925/10 The Medical Council of India rep by its Secretary Pocket 14 Sector 8 Dwaraka Phase I, New Delhi - 110 073 ...1st Respondent in W.P.16807/10 .. 3rd Respondent in WP.16489/10 .. 4th Respondent in WP.15786, 15787, 15788, 15791, 15932, 15937, 16770, 17516 19050/10, 20916/10.19050, ...5th Respondent in W.P.15748 of 2010 17848/10 .. 6th Respondent in WP.18925,21000/10. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ The Medical Council of India, Rep by its Secretary No.302, Residential Complex, Main Building, Phase 14, Sector 8, New Delhi 110 017 ...4th Respondent in W.P.17036 of 2010 16113 of 2010 The Joint Director of Government Examination (Revaluation) College Road, Chennai - 600 006 ... 2nd Respondent in W.P.15937/10, 16842/10 The State of Tamilnadu rep by its Principal Secretary to the Government Education Department, Fort St.George Chennai - 600 009 ...1st Respondent in W.P.No.17036 of 2010 16912, 16113 of 2010 The Secretary Medical Council of India New Delhi ...4th Respondent in W.P.16842 of 2010 and 15937/10 The Dental Council of India Rep by its Secretary, Alwan -E- Galif Mark Kolta Road, New Delhi - 2 ...7th Respondent in W.P.21000 of 2010 The Secretary Selection Committee Directorate of Medical Education No.162, Periyar EVR High Road, Kilpauk, Chennai - 600 010 ...2nd Respondent in W.P.15730/10 ...3rd Respondent in W.P.15748, 15932, 17516/10 ...5th Respondent in W.P.16807/10 Medical Council of India Rep by its President Aiwan-E.Ghalidh Marg Calcutta Road, New Delhi ...3rd Respondent in W.P.15730 https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ The Commissioner and Secretary to the Government of Tamilnadu Health and Family Welfare Department Fort St.George, Chennai - 600 009 ...1st Respondent in W.P.15748/10 20916/2010, 21000/2010 The Director of Medical Education Kilpauk, Chennai - 600 010 .. 2nd Respondent in W.P.15748/10 The Director State Board of School Examinations (Higher Secondary), Chennai ..2nd Respondent in W.P.17848/10 The Director of Government Examinations Higher Secondary Examination College Road, Nungambakkam Chennai - 600 034 .. 2nd Respondent in W.P.16807/10 4th Respondent in W.P.15748 of 2010 PRAYER in W.P.No.18925 of 2010: Petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India for issue of writ of Mandamus to direct respondents 1 to 3 to award full 5 marks to the petitioner, A.Dharini Devi, Registration No.384363, Certificate No.4920159 for the answer to question No.32 under Section C of the Bio Zoology of the Higher Secondary Examination March, 2010 and forthwith and further direct respondents 4 and 5 to provide the petitioner, A.R.No.3422 admission to the MBBS Degree course in a Government Medical College in the State of Tamilnadu for the academic year 2010-2011 according to the revised marks/rank secured by the petitioner. Prayer in W.P.15730 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus directing the 1st respondent to reassess question No.32 of Part II (Zoology) Section C of Biology Paper of Plus Two of his son G.Adethen with Registration No.684346 by appointing an expert and further direct the respondents to grant him the seat in M.B.B.S. course for the academic year 2010- 2011 in any of the Government Medical College under Government quota. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ Prayer in W.P.15748 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus directing the respondents 2 3 and 4 to add 5 marks to the answer written by the petitioner to question No.32 of Biology subject and determine the cut of mark on the basis of the said additional marks and also to permit the petitioner to immediately participate in the counseling for M.B.B.S course to be held from Thursday (22.7.2010) and all subsequent days. Prayer in W.P.15786 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondent No.1 to award five more marks to the petitioner Santhosh Ramanan.A (Regn.No.755055) for the answer given by him pertaining to question No.32 of Bio-Zoology subject by re-evaluating the answer written for question No.32 of Bio-Zoology in Higher Secondary Examination held in March 2010 and consequently direct the 3rd respondent to admit the petitioner to the medical course in the appropriate college as per the revised cut off marks. Prayer in W.P.15787 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondent No.1 to award five more marks to the petitioner Sundri.R (Regn.No.777100) for the answer given by her pertaining to question No.32 of Bio-Zoology subject by re-evaluating the answer written for question No.32 of Bio-Zoology in Higher Secondary Examination held in March 2010 and consequently direct the 3rd respondent to admit the petitioner to the medical course in the appropriate college as per the revised cut off marks. Prayer in W.P.15788 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondent No.1 to award five more marks to the petitioner R.Velvizhi (Regn.No.755067) for the answer given by her pertaining to question No.32 of Bio-Zoology subject by re-evaluating the answer written for question No.32 of Bio-Zoology in Higher Secondary Examination held in March 2010 and consequently direct the 3rd respondent to admit the petitioner to the medical course in the appropriate college as https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ per the revised cut off marks. Prayer in W.P.15791 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondent No.1 to award five more marks to the petitioner Aishwarya Mohan (Regn.No.357132) for the answer given by her pertaining to question No.32 of Bio-Zoology subject by re-evaluating the answer written for question No.32 of Bio-Zoology in Higher Secondary Examination held in March 2010 and consequently direct the 3rd respondent to admit the petitioner to the medical course in the appropriate college as per the revised cut off marks. Prayer in W.P.15932 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus directing the respondents to award 5 marks to the petitioner in respect of Registration No. 350616 for the question No. 32 of Bio-Zoology paper of Higher Secondary Examination conducted by the respondent 1 and 2 by revaluation or re scrutiny and consequently issue a New Mark sheet. Prayer in W.P.16489 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondents to award full 5 marks to the petitioner for her answer to question No.32 under Section C of the Bio-Zoology paper of the Higher Secondary Examination March 2010 in registration number 398851 forthwith and further direct the respondent to provide the petitioner with admission to MBBS Degree course for the academic year 2010-2011 in the appropriate Government Medical College according to the revised marks secured by the petitioner. Prayer in W.P.15937 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of certiorarified mandamus Calling for the order passed by the second respondent in Rc.No.014918/RV-RT/2010 dt.26.6.2010 and quash the same consequently direct the first and second respondents to award marks for Question No.32 in Zoology Paper (Regn. No.391118) and direct the third respondent to admit the petitioner in M.B.B.S. Course for the year 2010-11 based on the revised marks in Biology Subject on the basis of the cut-off marks. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ Prayer in W.P.17036 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus to direct the 1st and 2nd respondents to award the petitioner full marks by adding 5 marks in the total in the Biology subject for question No.32 Higher Secondary Public Examination 2010 held on March 2010 issue mark sheet carrying out the correct Biology mark of 196 instead of 191 and to permit the petitioner to appear for medical counseling for Tamilnadu Medical Admission 2010 by the 3rd respondent. Prayer in W.P.16770 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus Directing the respondents 1 and 2 to revalue and re-scrutinize the Bio-Zoology answer sheet of the petitioner in respect of Registration No.329974 relating to the question No.32 of Bio-Zoology paper of Higher Secondary Examination conducted by the respondent 1 and 2 and consequently issue a New Mark Sheet. Prayer in W.P.16807 of 2010 Writ Petition filed under article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a writ of mandamus directing the respondents to award 5 marks to the petitioner in respect of Registration No. 390042 for the question No.32 of Bio-Zoology paperof Higher Secondary Examination conducted by the respondents by revaluing or re scrutiny and consequently issue a new Mark Sheet. Praying 16842/10: Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India Praying to issue a writ of Mandamus Directing the first and second respondents to revaluve the question No.32 in Zoology paper of the petitioner (Regn.No. 390601) and direct the thrid respondent to admit the petitioner in M.B.B.S. Course for the year 2010-11 based on the revised marks in Biology subject. Praying in 17516/10: Writ petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ praying to issue a writ of Mandamus Directing the respondents to revalue and re-scrutinize the Bio Zoology answer sheet of the petitioner in respect of Registration No.384226 relating to the question No.32 of Bio- Zoology paper of Higher Secondary Examination conducted by the respondents 1 and 2 by awarding five marks and consequently issue a Revised Mark sheet Praying in 17848/10: Writ petition filed under ARticle 226 of the Constitution of India praying the issue a Writ of Mandamus directing the respondent 1 and 2 herein to award the full marks for question No. 32 under section C of the Biology paper question No.9 in part I of the Chemistry paper examination of Higher Secondary course forthwith and consequently direct the respondents 3 and 4 herein to provide the petitioner admission to the self financing medical college in medical course or inthe appropriate medical college for the academic year 2010-2011 Prayer in WP.No.18266/2010 : Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ or order or direction in the nature of writ directing the respondents to revalue and re-scrutinize the Bio Zoology answer sheet of the petitioner in respect of Registration No.384130 relating to the question No.32 of Bio-Zoology paper of Higher Secondary Examination conducted by the respondents 1 and 2 by awarding five marks and consequently issue a Revised Mark sheet. Prayer in WP.No.16912 of 2010 : Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate Writ or order or direction in the nature of writ directing the respondents to consider the processes the petitioners telegram application dt.27.07.2010 for adding and awarding 5 marks to the question NO.32 of the petitioners son K.Poorna Chandran in plus two exam held in Mar.2010 bearing Regn. No.723648 on the file of the 1st respondent govt. of tamilnadu dept. Prayer in WP.No.19050 of 2010 : Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus directing the 1st respondent to award five more marks to the petitioner R.KIRUTHIKA, (Reg.No.384249) for the answer given by her pertaining to the question No.32 in Bio-Zoology subject in Higher Secondary Examination held in March 2010. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ Prayer in WP.No.20916 of 2010 : Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus or order or direction or any other Writ in the nature of Mandamus directing the 2nd respondent herein to award 5 marks for the question No. 32 in the Bio-Zoology paper in the Higher Secondary examination (+2) to the petitioner (Registration No. 680799) or as directed in the batch of similar cases vide W.P.MD.No.7874 of 2010 etc. batch dt 16.7.2010 with a consequential direction to the 3rd respondent herein to admit the petitioner to the first year M.B.B.S for the academic year 2010- 2011 in any one of the Medical Colleges in Tamilnadu based on her cut off mark to be arrived after awarding the marks to question No.32. Prayer in W.P.No.21000 of 2010 Writ petition filed under Article 226 of the constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other writ, order or direction of a like nature directing the respondents 4 and 5 to provide 5 more marks to the petitioner in Biology subject for Question No.32 in Higher Secondary Examination (+2) and consequently to direct the respondent Nos. 2 and 3 to admit the petitioner to the Medical course (M.B.B.S/B.D.S) in an appropriate college as per the revised rank. Prayer in W.P.No.16113 of 2010: Writ petition filed under Article 226 of the constitution of India praying to issue a Writ of Mandamus or any other appropriate writ, order or direction in the nature of a Writ, directing the 1st respondent to Award the petitioner Full Marks by adding 5 marks to the Total in the Biology Subject for Question No.32 Higher Secondary Public Examination-2010 held on March 2010 and also issue Mark Sheet carrying out the corrected Biology Mark of 196 instead of 191. For Petitioner : Mr.J.Sivanandaraaj in WP:18925/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.Balan Haridas in WP:15730/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.V.Raghupathi in WP:15748/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.AR.L.Sundaresan, in WP:15786 Senior Counsel to 15788/2010 for Mr.R.Thiagarajan https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ For Petitioner : Mr.R.Thiagarajan in WP:15791/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.D.KJrishnakumar in WP:15932, 16770, 17516 and 18266/10 For Petitioner : Mr.E.Vijay Anand in WP:16489/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.T.Sellapandian in WP:15937 and 16842/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.A.S.Mujibur Rahman in WP:17036/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.K.Rajkumar in WP:20916/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.N.Manokaran in WP:21000/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.M.Vivekanandan in WP:16807/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.V.G.Suresh Kumar in WP:17848/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.V.Rajendran in WP:16912/2010 For Petitioner : Mr.R.Nalliyappan in WP:19050/2010 For Petitioner in W.P.16113/10 : Mr.M. Ramalingam For Respondents/ : Mr.P.Wilson Government in all WPs Additional Advocate General assisted by Mr.G.Sankaran, Spl. Government Pleader and Mr.A.Suresh, Govt. Advocate For Respondent/ : Mr.V.P.Raman Medical Council of India https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ in all WPs. ORDER In all these writ petitions, the petitioners have completed their Higher Secondary Examinations conducted by the respondents 1 to 3 in March, 2010 and have sought admission to the MBBS Degree Course in the Government Medical Colleges in the State of Tamil Nadu for the academic year 2010-2011. 2.1. The grievance of the petitioners in these cases is relating to Question No.32 in Part-II, Section-C of Bio Zoology Subject in the Higher Secondary Examination carrying five marks. The said question in English was as follows: "32. Describe the Karyotyping of Human Chromosomes." In Tamil version, the question was as follows: "32. kdpj Fnuhk;nrhk; bjhFg;g[ tiuglj;ij tpthp" 2.2. In Section-C there were five questions, namely Question Nos.29 to 33, out of which the candidate should answer any three questions. Out of the three questions, Question No.31 is a compulsory question and therefore, out of the remaining four questions, namely Question Nos.29, 30, 32 and 33, which are optional, the candidate has to answer two questions. Therefore, Question No.32 is optional. 2.3. The key answer for the said question prepared by the second respondent/Board through experts is as follows: 32 Karyotyping of Human Chromosomes Group A & Group B – with explanation (½ + ½) - (1) Group C – with explanation - (1) Group D – with explanation - (1) Group E & Group F – with explanation (½ + ½) - (1) Group G – with explanation - (1) 5 2.4. In the Text Book prescribed by the Government, under Chapter 4 - "Modern Genetics", under the caption "Human Genetics – Karyotyping", an explanation for the term "Karyotyping" is given as follows: "Karyotyping is a technique through which the complete set of chromosomes are separated from a cell and the https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ chromosomes are lined up in a karyogram. The term karyogram has now been replaced by another word called Idiogram referring to a diagrammatic representation of chromosomes. The Karyological studies are usually made during mitosis, though the chromosome structure and details can also be best done in meiotic preparations. It is much easier to obtain and prepare suitable mitotic cells. Mitosis also reveals the replicated chromosomes viz., sister chromatids. The diploid set of chromosomes in the eukaryotic cells has constant morphological (phenotypic) features such as number, size, shape. The chromosomes are identified by other features such as the secondary constriction, arm ratio, and banding pattern. The summation of all such characters, which identify a set of chromosomes is called karyotyping. Karyotyping involves the culture of foetal cells found in the amniotic fluid, in vitro, in a highly nutritive solution containing phytohaemagglutinin. The foetal cells are cultured with colchicine. Colchicine stops mitosis at metaphase. When these cells are subjected to a hypotonic solution, the cells swell because the soluble salts are of lower concentration than in normal protoplasm. The water diffuses into the cell and separates the chromosomes. The scattered chromosomes are then placed on a slide, stained and photographed under a microscope. Individual chromosomes are then cut off from the photograph and marked as homologous pairs to form an idiogram." 2.5. The Text Book also contains another head "Karyotyping of Human Chromosomes" containing a diagram in the form of pairs of chromosomes during metaphase explaining the 23 pairs of chromosomes as follows: "The 23 pairs of chromosomes in human are classified into seven groups viz., A-G based on position of centromere. Group A : This group includes the largest chromosomes 1, 2 and 3. These are metacentric with centromere found in center with two equal arms. Group B : This group represents chromosomes 4 and 5 which are submetacentric with two unequal arms. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ Group C : This is the largest group containing chromosomes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and X. These are of medium size and submetacentric. The X chromosome resembles the chromosome 6 in this group. Group D : These are medium sized chromosomes with nearly (acrocentric) terminal centromeres. The chromosomes 13, 14 and 15 are kept in this group. Group E : It consists of chromosomes 16, 17 and 18. They are shorter and meta or submetacentric. Group F : Shorter metacentric chromosomes 19 and 20 represent this group. Group G : This group comprises the very short acrocentric chromosomes 21, 22 and Y belong to this category." 2.6. The petitioners, who belong to various communities and who have attempted the said Question No.32 which is an optional question, were all given zero marks, as found in the xerox copies of the answer sheets furnished to them as per the regulations governing the Higher Secondary Examinations. A few of the petitioners, after receiving a copy of the answer scripts, have applied for revaluation, including the said question, since the regulation enables an application for revaluation. However, it is seen that majority of the petitioners, on fact, have not applied for revaluation and instead have filed the present writ petitions mostly with similar prayer for a direction against respondents 1 to 3 to award them full five marks in respect of Question No.32 in Section-C in the Subject Bio-Zoology. Since these students are almost near the cut off mark fixed by the Government required for the purpose of selection and allotment of seats in the Government Medical Colleges, they have further prayed for a direction against respondents 4 and 5 to consequently provide them admission to the MBBS/BDS Degree Course in the Government Medical Colleges in the State for the academic year 2010-2011. 2.7. Most of the cases filed in the Principal Bench appear to be in consequence of a batch of similar writ petitions filed in the Madurai Bench of this Court and the final order passed by the Madurai Bench in batch of cases in W.P. (MD) No.7874 of 2010, etc., dated 16.7.2010. 2.8. In the said batch of writ petitions filed in the Madurai Bench,