CR.A/765/1993 1/11 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 765 of 1993 With CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 969 of 1993 For Approval and Signature: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI ========================================================= 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ? ========================================================= MAHENDRA A JOSHI & 1 - Appellant(s) Versus STATE OF GUJARAT - Opponent(s) ========================================================= Appearance : CR.A NO.765 OF 1993 MR MM TIRMIZI for Appellant(s) : 1, MS HANSA PUNANI, APP for Opponent(s) CR.A NO.969 OF 1993 MS HANSA PUNANI, APP for Appellant MR MM TIRMIZI for Opponent(s) ========================================================= CORAM : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE AKIL KURESHI Date : 01/04/2008 ORAL JUDGMENT CR.A/765/1993 2/11 JUDGMENT Appellants of Criminal Appeal No.765 of 1993 were the original accused in Atrocity Case No.7 of 1992. They were charged with offence punishable under sections 342, read with section 34 of Indian Penal Code, section 25(c) of the Indian Arms Act, section 394 read with section 114 of the IPC as also under section 3(1)(x) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (hereinafter referred to as 'the Atrocities Act') and also under section 506(2) of the IPC. 2. The accused were convicted under sections 342 and 394 of the IPC. In so far as section 25(c) of the Arms Act and under section 3(1)(x) of the Atrocities Act and under section 506(2) of the IPC are concerned, only accused No.1 was convicted. The accused were sentenced for various periods ranging from 7 days to maximum of one year of RI for offence under section 394 of the IPC. They have, therefore challenged the said judgment in Criminal Appeal No.765 of 1993. The State has filed appeal for enhancement of sentence being Criminal Appeal No.969 of 1993. 3. As per the prosecution case, appellant No.1 had assured the complainant about securing admission for his sister in PTC College upon payment of donation of Rs.35,000/-. The complainant and his family members had paid the said sum. However, for a long time, admission was not granted. The CR.A/765/1993 3/11 JUDGMENT complainant and his brother, therefore, on 8.9.91 at about 11.30 in the morning along with one Kalubhai, PW-4, went to the house of the accused and demanded either admission or return of money. Accused No.1 got angry, took out a revolver from his cup-board, threatened the complainant and abused in the name of his community (Scheduled Caste to which he belongs). Accused No.2 under the instructions of accused No.1 locked the door of the room and two together snatched the wallet of the complainant which contained a sum of Rs.1066/-. 4. Complainant Shantilal, PW-1, was examined at Ex.7. He stated that Kalubhai had introduced accused No.1 to his father and his father had paid a sum of Rs.35,000/- to accused No.1, but accused No.1 had not secured admission for his sister. The complainant, therefore, along his brother Dinesh (PW- 2) and Kalubhai (PW-4) went to the house of Mahendra Joshi (accused No.1) on 8.9.91 at Shehra. They demanded admission or return of money, upon which accused No.1 got excited, took out a revolver from his cup-board, caught hold of the shirt of the complainant and pointed the revolver at him and abused him in the name of his community. Accused No.2, wife of accused No.1 locked the door of the room where they were sitting. Accused No.1 directed her to take out whatever money the complainant had upon which she removed a wallet containing Rs.1066/- from his pocket. At that time, his brother Dinesh managed to open the door and they rushed out. Accused CR.A/765/1993 4/11 JUDGMENT No.2 pushed Dinesh which caused him to fall down from the stairs resulting in knee injury. At that time, accused No.1 was pushing the complainant out of the house. He was still abusing him. Many people had gathered at that time hearing the commotion. The complainant and his brother thereupon went to the police station, but PSI Badmalia did not take the complaint. After long wait, he asked them to give complaint in writing. They were not given blank papers to right the complaint. At about 7 'O clock, therefore, they returned home. Their father thereupon told them that they should have complained to the DSP. They, therefore went to the DSP, who instructed them to go to the PSI upon which the PSI accepted the complaint, but till 13th September 1991 did not lodge the FIR. In the cross-examination, he stated that his brother had been treated as outdoor patient at P.H.C., Shehra where they had gone without any police yadi. They were not given any injury certificate. The police had never shown any revolver to him. He denied the suggestion that the fair price shop which his father and brother is running was closed down by the Government. 5. Brother of the complainant, Dinesh, PW-2 was examined at Ex.9. He also stated that he and the complainant had gone to the house of the accused on 8.9.91 along with Kalubhai. After some heated discussion, Mahendra Joshi got excited and took out CR.A/765/1993 5/11 JUDGMENT revolver from the cup-board and abused his brother. His wife closed the door of the room and snatched the wallet of his brother. Accused No.2 had pushed him upon which he had fallen down and accused No.1 had pushed his brother out. In cross-examination, he admitted that in his police statement, he had not stated that they had met PSI Badmalia at the police station and they were kept waiting for him till the evening. He also did not state Badmalia did not do any procedure. He admitted that out of fear, they had straight gone to the house at Bahi village. Contrary to PW-1, this witness stated that after taking treatment at P.H.C.Shehra for his injury, he had taken no further treatment. He stated that he had received injuries on his knee whereas in his police statement he stated that he was hurt on his foot. 6. PW-4, Kalubhai was the middle man who had allegedly accompanied the complainant and his brother to the house of the accused on 8th September 1991. Dinesh, PW-2, had stated that they had met Kalubhai on the way whereas Kalubhai in his deposition stated that the complainant and Dinesh had come to his house from where they all had gone to the house of the accused. This witness further stated that after Mahendra, accused No.1 refused to return the money, he had gone to call one Omprakash. When he returned, he learnt that there was scuffle. The complainant and Dinesh both had got down from the stairs and left CR.A/765/1993 6/11 JUDGMENT and when he reached the spot everything was over. In cross-examination, he admitted that in connection with his shop, he had gone to jail about 25 times. He was also detained under MISA for gambling. Before the police, he had stated the presence of the brother-in-law of the complainant and in fact also stated that Mahendra had not taken out any weapon. However, these statements, he disowned in the cross-examination. He further stated that at the time when the scuffle took place, he was not present. In his presence, the atmosphere had not become surcharged. He had then gone out for 15 minutes. After quarrel, the complainant and others had got down. After the incident, they had gone home and he had gone to his own house. He, however,added that they had gone to the police station before going home. 7. Limbabhai, PW-5, Ex.14 is the father of the complainant. Though he was not present when the alleged incident took place, his deposition was recorded to show the background of payment of money for securing admission to his daughter in PTC college. In his deposition, however, he narrated that an amount of Rs.35,000/- which was handed over by him to accused No.1 was in turn handed over by accused No.1 to one Mr.Varma who had promised admission for his daughter. In his cross-examination, he admitted that in CR.A/765/1993 7/11 JUDGMENT his police statement, he has not stated that his sons had told him that the police did not accept the complaint. 8. Mr.Badmalia who had carried out the investigation had expired before the trial commenced. With the permission of the Court, therefore, one Mansukhbhai, PW-6, Ex.16, who was posted at Shehra Police Station and who had written down most of the statements was examined. In his cross-examination, he stated that the complainant in his police statement had stated that out of fear from the accused, he had left for his village. He also stated that witness Kalubhai, PW-4, had stated that accused No.1 Mahendra had not taken out any weapon at the time of fight. 9. PW-7, Dr.Bhagvatsinh was examined at Ex.18. He was working as Medical Officer at Shehra Primary Health Center. On 9.9.91, he had treated Dinesh, PW- 2 who had complained of pain on his right leg. In his cross-examination, he stated that there was no external injury found. 10. From the above evidence on record, it can be seen that so far as Kalubhai, PW-4 is concerned, his testimony inspires no confidence at all. He has changed his versions at different places. His presence when the incident took place also is in doubt. Though as per his testimony of the police witness, PW-6, Mansukhbhai, Kalubhai had narrated the CR.A/765/1993 8/11 JUDGMENT incident before the police as an eye-witness, in his deposition before the Court, Kalubhai had in clear terms stated that he had gone out for 15 minutes to call one Omprakash during which period the scuffle took place and by the time he was back, everything was over. In cross-examination, he stated that everybody had gone thereafter, before adding that he had accompanied the complainant to the police station. Further, the witness also has a dubious past. He was sent to jail as many as on 25 occasions as per his own account for running his fair price shop. He was also detained for gambling activities. His testimony, therefore, cannot be relied upon. 11. In so far as PW-5 Limbabhai is concerned, admittedly, he was not an eye-witness. He, of course, narrated about the promise for out of turn admission for his daughter in PTC college given by accused No.1 Mahendrabhai on payment of Rs.35,000/-. He, however, had no first hand information about the actual incident of 8th September 1991. 12. Testimony of PW-7, Dr.Bhagvatsinh also cannot further the case of the prosecution. Though PW-2, Dinesh had approached him for treatment on 9th September 1991, the doctor only noted that the patient had complained of pain on the right leg. In his cross-examination, he stated that he had not spotted any external injury. 13. The entire case thus boils down to the CR.A/765/1993 9/11 JUDGMENT depositions of the complainant, PW-1, Shantilal and his brother PW-2 Dinesh. Here also I find that there are large number of material contradictions in the version of these two witnesses and their testimony is being contradicted at number of places with the deposition of other witnesses also. PW-2, Dinesh stated that they had met Kalubhai in the market and all three of them thereafter gone to the house of the accused. Kalubhai on the other hand, stated that the complainant and his brother had first come to his house and picked him up before going to the house of the accused. PW-2, Dinesh stated that after the incident, he had gone to village Bahi out of fear of the accused. This is in conflict with the version of the complainant, PW-1, who gave a detailed account of the manner in which they had immediately gone to the police station to lodge the complaint,but the police had not taken the complaint. 14. Though PW-1 stated that his brother Dinesh had to take follow up treatment for his injury, Dinesh, PW-2, in his cross-examination stated that except for once, he never went again for treatment. PW-1, Shantilal, in his deposition had stated that an amount of Rs.35,000/- was paid to accused No.1 whereas his father PW-5 stated that the amount which he had paid to accused No.1 was in turn paid by him to one Mr.Varma. Thus it can be seen that on all material aspects, there are major contradictions in the versions given by different witnesses. This coupled with the fact that the alleged injury CR.A/765/1993 10/11 JUDGMENT received by PW-2 also seemed extremely doubtful and the fact that the revolver alleged to have been used by accused No.1 to threaten the complainant and his brother was never recovered would suggest that it is extremely doubtful whether the entire incident did take place as is being suggested. 15. With respect to the abuse given by accused No.1 to the complainant also, two witnesses had not concur. PW-1 stated that while being pushed out of the house, where other people had gathered, accused No.1 had abused him in foul language. This is not stated by PW-2 Dinesh. In absence of such further narration, even if accused No.1 used foul language against the complainant, it if is found that the same was not in public view, offence under section 3(1)(x) of the Atrocities act would not be applicable. 16. Overall picture therefore I get is that there are large number of loopholes in the prosecution story. I do not find that the charges have been proved beyond reasonable doubt. The accused therefore must get the benefit of doubt. 17. In the result, Criminal Appeal No.765 of 1993 succeeds. The conviction and sentence of the appellants therein is set aside. Bail bonds shall stand cancelled. Counter appeal of the State for enhancement being Criminal Appeal No.969 of 1993 fails and is hereby dismissed. CR.A/765/1993 11/11 JUDGMENT (Akil Kureshi, J.) (vjn)