IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS DATED: 12.08.2011 CORAM: THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE T. MATHIVANAN Crl.A.No.1729 of 2002 State by Deputy Superintendent of Police, Vigilance and Anti Corruption Cuddalore.(Crime No.8/90/AC/SA ... Appellant(Complainant) Vs. 1.R.Sambandam 2.M.Pakkirisamy 3.M.Murugaiyan 4.M.Munusamy 5.L.Mani 6.P.Vijayalakshmi 7.L.Vijayaragavalu ... Respondents(Accused) Prayer: Appeal is filed under Section 378 Cr.P.C., praying to set aside the order of acquittal passed by the trial court dated 28.06.2002 and made in Spl.C.C.No.3 of 1997 on the file of the learned Additional District & Sessions Judge cum Chief Judicial Magistrate/Special Judge, Cuddalore. For Appellant : Mr.A.N.Thambidurai Additional Public Prosecutor For Respondents : Mr.D.S Bharatha chakravarthy For M/s.Sai Bharath & Ilan J U D G M E N T 1. The respondents herein were the accused 1 to 7 in the case in Spl.C.C.No.3 of 1997 on the file of the learned Special Judge/Additional District & Sessions Judge cum Chief Judicial Magistrate, Cuddalore. They were acquitted from various charges under the Indian Penal Code and under the provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act. Challenging the order of acquittal the State has preferred the present criminal appeal. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ 2. Originally the criminal case in Spl.C.C.No.3 of 1997 was proceeded against 8 accused. During the pendency of the case the second accused viz., A.Anandarangam had passed away. Hence the charge against the second accused had become abetted. The gravamen of the case of prosecution is this; 3. The second respondent was formerly working as Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union and the third respondent A.Murugiayan was formerly working as Junior Assistant in the said Panchayat. 4. In the month of February 1986, at Melbhuvanagiri, Vandipalayam and other places in South Arcot District, the second and the third respondents along with the first respondent R.Sambandam, fromerly Commissioner, Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union and A.Anandarangam, formerly manager of the said Panchayat Union, C.Govindan (approver) Manager Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores, Vandipalayam Cuddalore, fourth respondent M.Munusamy, formerly President, Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores, Puduvandipalayam, fifth respondent L.Mani, formerly Secretary, Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores, Murugespettai, Cuddalore and the sixth respondent Tmt.B.Vijayalakshmi, Proprietor, Vijayalakshmi Stores, Cuddalore and the seventh respondent L.Viharagavalu, Partner, Nandakumar Steel Traders, Cuddalore had entered into a conspiracy and abetted one another in the commission of the offences of cheating, criminal breach of trust by public servants, framing of incorrect documents by public servant and falsification of accounts in the purchase of electrical chokes covered by Voucher No.898/14.2.86 for the Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union, incurring an expenditure of Rs.17,375/- on account of their criminal misconduct. 5. It is further reported that during the course of the same transaction the respondents 1 to 3 along with A.Anandarangam (since deceased) had fabricated Voucher bearing No.898 dated 14.06.1986, for Rs.17,375/-, the connected file No.9614/84 and the entries in the Panchayat Union L.F. Cash book at page 78 in a manner which they knew to be incorrect and with an intent to defraud had falsified the aforesaid voucher, the connected file and the entry in the Panchayat Union L.F.Cash Book. 6. Further it is reported that the respondents 1 to 3 along with the 6th and the 7th respondents and one A.Anandarangam(since deceased) had abetted C.Govindan (approver) Manager, Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores and instigated to create false records at the said stores as if the electrical chokes covered by Voucher No.898/14.2.86 of Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union were purchased by from M/s.Vijayalakshmi Stores, Cuddalore for Rs.16,940/- and thereafter sold to Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union for Rs.17,375/- as a result of which the said C.Govindan (approver) had willfully and with intent to https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ defraud had falsified bill No.316 dated Nil for Rs.17,375/- whereas the said transaction had actually taken place directly between the Panchayat Union and M/s. Vijayalakshmi Stores. 7. The respondents 6 and 7 had also willfully and with intent to defraud had abetted in making of false entries in the Day Book for 1985-86 and Ledger for 1985-86 in respect of Bill No.12 dated 14.02.1986 of M/s.Vijayalakshmi Stores, as if the transaction had taken place with Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores. 8. The respondents have therefore committed cheating by dishonestly inducing the Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union to pass the Bill for Rs.17,375/- covered by Voucher No.898/14.2.86 in favour of Vandipalayam Cooperative Stores, when the transaction had directly taken place between Melbuvanagiri Panchayat Union and M/s.Vijayalakshmi Stores, and when the actual cost of electrical items supplied would be only Rs.5,600/- and therefore there was an excess payment of Rs.11,775/- on account of inflated prices for the electrical chokes by M/s.Vijayalakshmi Stores. 9. In order to establish the case, the prosecution had examined PW 1 to PW 19. During the course of their examination Exs.P1 to P30 were marked. The accused were questioned under Section 313 with regard to the incriminating circumstances arising from the testimonies of prosecution witnesses and they had denied their complicity. Neither oral nor documentary evidence was adduced. The trial court after analyzing the evidences had acquitted all the respondents from all the charges. Challenging the order of acquittal the state has preferred this appeal. 10. The learned Government Advocate (Crl. Side) had submitted that the approver PW 15 C.Govindan who was also an accused had given a confessional statement before PW 16, the learned Judicial Magistrate No.I, Cuddalre and it was recorded under Section 164 of Cr.P.C. which was marked under Ex.P19. He was also given pardon and made an approver by the learned trial judge under Ex.P20. In this connection the learned Government Advocate (Crl. Side) has submitted that the trial court ought the have placed reliance upon Ex.P19, but ultimately, the learned trial judge had lost sight upon the confessional statement of PW 15 C.Govindan (approver). He has also further submitted that the learned trial judge ought to have held that the price of the materials purchased was higher than the market rate. 11. On the other hand the learned counsel appearing for the respondents has submitted that from the evidence on record it could not be concluded that the 6th accused had only supplied the goods. He has also submitted that the prosecution had miserably failed to prove the actual value and as such there was no proof that the goods were supplied for inflated value. The learned counsel for the respondents https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ has also submitted that it is absolutely wrong on the part of the prosecution to contend that on the basis of Ground 3 and 4 of the appeal, primarily the approver's evidence ought to have been based for maintaining conviction upon the accused persons. He has also adverted to the finding of the trial court did not require any interference and the confession of the approver could not be taken in to consideration since he was an approver in 15 other cases and several cases were pending against him for the misappropriation of cooperative funds. He would further submit that already on the very same ground the Crl.A.No.562 of 2003 containing the identical charge was dismissed by this court holding that the confessional statement of approver PW 15 C.Govindan, could not be taken into consideration, since he was not tried as a co-accused along with the respondents in this case. 12. Having been struck a balance between the arguments of the learned Government Advocate (Crl. Side) and the learned counsel for the respondents a prime question is arisen as to whether the confessional statement of a co-accused can be militated against the remaining accused to maintain conviction ? 13. It is pertinent to note here that during the course of argument it was brought to notice of this court by the learned counsel for the respondents that PW 15, approver was also an approver in more than 15 cases and several cases are still pending against him for the misappropriation of the cooperative funds. 14. In this connection it may be appropriate to take the assistance of Section 30 of the Indian Evidence Act. Section 30 of the Indian Evidence Act deals with the consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence. Section 30 of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 reads as follows; "When more persons than one are being tried jointly for the same offence, and a confession made by one of such persons affecting himself and some other of such persons is proved, the court may take into consideration such confession as against such other person as well as against the person who makes such confession." 15. A confessional statement of an accused is admissible and could be used against the other co-accused only when they are tried together. But the approver PW 15 C.Govindan was not tried as an accused along with the respondents. Therefore, the confessional statement of PW 15 C.Govindan cannot be militated against the other accused as contemplated under Section 30 of the Indian Evidence Act to maintain conviction. https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/ 16. In so far as this case in concerned, the prosecution has mainly based on the evidence of PW 11 and 15 in order to prove the charges leveled against the respondents. But the learned trial judge on the basis of the documentary evidences under Exs.P16 & P22 has discarded the evidence of PW 11. 17. Apart from this the learned trial judge has also given a finding saying that PW 15 himself had admitted in his evidence that he did not see as to whether Vijayalakshmi Stores, Cuddalore had paid commission to respondents 1 to 4. On a meticulous analysis, this court finds that the trial court has also brushed aside the evidence of PW 15 approver and ultimately, found that the prosecution had failed to bring home the guilt of the respondents beyond all reasonable doubts. Ultimately the trial court has acquitted the respondents from all the charges. 18. This court has carefully considered the submissions made on behalf of the learned Government Advocate (crl. Side) as well as the learned counsel appearing for the respondents. Having been appreciated the evidences available on record and taking into consideration of the related facts and circumstances, this court deems it fit to endorse the finding given by the learned trial judge and hence the judgment of acquittal recorded by the learned trial judge does not require any interference. Accordingly, this criminal appeal is dismissed. Sd/ Asst.Registrar //True Copy// Sub.Asst.Registrar prm To 1.The Additional District and Sessions Judge, Special Judge, Cuddalore. 2.The Deputy Superintendent of Police, Vigilance and Anti Corruption, Cuddalore. 3.The Public Prosecutor, High Court, Madras. 1 cc to M/s.Sai Bharath & Ilan , Advocate, Sr.No.49952 Crl.A.No.1729 of 2002 jrg(co)pmk.6.8.2012 https://hcservices.ecourts.gov.in/hcservices/