AJN 1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.151 OF 2007 Sanjay Gajanan Ghorpade ... Appellant Vs. The State of Maharashtra through Haveli Police Station, Pune. ... Respondents Mr. R.B. Deshmukh for the appellant. Mr. S.S. Pednekar, A.P.P. for the State. CORAM: MRS. RANJANA DESAI & MRS. V.K. TAHILRAMANI, JJ. DATE ON WHICH THE ORDER IS RESERVED : 29TH APRIL, 2010. DATE ON WHICH THE ORDER IS PRONOUNCED: 7TH MAY, 2010. JUDGMENT :- (Per Smt. Ranjana Desai, J.) 1. The appellant is original accused 1 in Sessions Case No.433 of 2004. He was charged with one other for offence punishable under Sections 498-A read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code (for short, “the IPC”) AJN 2 so also under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the IPC. By the impugned judgment and order dated 27/11/2006, accused 2 was acquitted. The appellant was, however, convicted for offence punishable under Section 302 of the IPC and sentenced to suffer life imprisonment and to pay fine of Rs.1,000/- and, in default, to undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months. He was also convicted for offence punishable under Section 498-A of the IPC and sentenced to suffer R.I. for one year and to pay fine of Rs. 500/- and, in default, to undergo rigorous imprisonment for two months. All substantive sentences were ordered to run concurrently. Being aggrieved by the said judgment and order, the appellant has preferred this appeal. 2. The prosecution case can be summarized as under : The appellant was married to deceased Rohini on 3/12/2003. Original accused 2 is the mother of the appellant. On 16/6/2004, the deceased was brought to her parents' house by PW-2 Gopinath, her uncle. The AJN 3 deceased told her parents that the appellant and other members of his family were asking her to bring Rs. 25,000/- for purchasing a house. She further informed them that the appellant used to consume liquor and beat her. On 28/6/2004, PW-1 Nathuram took the deceased back to her matrimonial home. On 5/7/2004, PW-1 Nathuram received a telephone call from Pune that the deceased had received burn injuries and was admitted in the Sassoon Hospital, Pune. He, therefore, reached the Sassoon Hospital at about 7.00 p.m. along with his relatives. He met the deceased. He asked the deceased as to how she had received burn injuries. The deceased informed him that on 5/7/2004 at about 7.00 a.m. while she was going to the bathroom, the appellant and his mother i.e. original accused 2 poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because the demand of Rs.25,000/- was not fulfilled by her. The deceased also told him that the appellant had taken her to the hospital and had instructed her not to disclose the incident to anybody. He had told her that if she discloses the incident, he will not allow her AJN 4 to cohabit with him. Thereafter, PW-1 Nathuram lodged his complaint. Offences punishable under Sections 498-A, 307 read with Section 34 of the IPC were registered vide C.R. No.197 of 2004 against the appellant and his mother. The deceased succumbed to her injuries on 10/7/2004. The offence punishable under Section 302 of the IPC was then added. After completion of the investigation, the appellant and his mother came to be charged as aforesaid. 3. In support of its case, the prosecution examined as many as nine witnesses. PW-1 Nathuram is the father of the deceased. PW-2 Gopinath is the uncle of the deceased. PW-3 is Mohan Khadsare is the pancha to the spot panchnama. PW-4 is Vitthal Joshi the Resident Nayab Tahsildar, who recorded the dying declaration of the deceased on 8/7/2004. PW-5 is Dr. Rina Shah, who deposed about the history given by the deceased to her that the appellant poured kerosene on her and set her on fire. The history is at Ex-53. PW-6 Dr. Atul Gedam had AJN 5 done postmortem on the deceased. PW-7 is ASI Shashikant Patil, who recorded the statements of the deceased on 5/7/2004, which are at Ex-56 and Ex-57. PW-8 is ASI Shripati Marne, who recorded the FIR of the deceased, which is at Ex-44. PW-9 is PI Mahendra Pardeshi, who has deposed about the arrest panchnama and the spot panchnama, Ex-39 and Ex-47 respectively. 4. The defence of the accused was one of denial. The accused feigned ignorance about the circumstances under which the deceased received burn injuries. At one stage, it is suggested that the deceased died because of a short circuit. After perusing the evidence on record, learned Sessions Judge came to the conclusion that the prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubt as against the appellant. He acquitted original accused 2 and convicted the appellant as aforesaid and, hence, this appeal. 5. We have heard learned counsel for the appellant, at AJN 6 some length. He submitted that the prosecution has examined all interested witnesses. No independent witness has been examined to establish that the deceased was treated with cruelty and that the appellant had poured kerosene on her and set her on fire. He submitted that it is risky to rely on the interested testimony of PW-1 Nathuram and PW-2 Gopinath and convict the appellant. Counsel submitted that PW-7 ASI Patil has recorded the dying declaration of the deceased on 5/7/2004, which is at Ex-57. In that dying declaration, the deceased had stated that there was a short circuit and, therefore, she received the burn injuries. The other dying declarations are the result of tutoring by the relatives of the deceased. Counsel submitted that in view of the variance between the dying declarations, the prosecution story has become suspect. Counsel submitted that in the circumstances, the impugned order be quashed and set aside and the appellant be directed to be released forthwith. Learned A.P.P. on the other hand submitted that no interference is necessary with the impugned order. AJN 7 6. PW-6 Dr. Atul Gedam, who had done the postmortem on the deceased on 10/7/2004 found that the deceased had suffered superficial to deep burns. According to him, total burns were 44%. The cause of death is due to septicemic shock due to burns. It is necessary to find out whether as concluded by learned Sessions Judge, the death was homicidal or it was accidental as contended by the appellant. 7. The evidence of PW-1 Nathuram inspires confidence. It is straightforward. He has stated that after marriage, for some time, the deceased led a normal life. On two occasions, she informed him that her life was normal. However, on 16/6/2004 his brother PW-2 Gopinath had brought the deceased home. At that time, she cried and informed him that the appellant and his mother were demanding Rs.25,000/- for purchasing a house and they were ill-treating her on that count. PW-1 Nathuram has further stated that the appellant used to consume liquor AJN 8 and beat her. PW-1 Nathuram has further stated that he told the deceased that since he had taken loan for her marriage, he was not able to meet the demand of the appellant. He then took the deceased to her matrimonial home on 28/6/2004 and told the appellant and his mother that he was not in a position to pay the amount but he will soon pay it. PW-1 Nathuram has further stated that on 5/7/2004, he received a telephone call that the deceased was admitted in a hospital. He along with the members of his family reached the hospital at about 5.30 p.m. He met the deceased. He found burn injuries on her. He asked the deceased as to how she had received the injuries. The deceased told him that she was assaulted during the nights of Saturday and Sunday. She further informed him that on 5/7/2004 during morning hours, when she went inside the bathroom to take bath, the appellant and his mother poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because she was unable to fulfill the demand of money made by the appellant. PW-1 Nathuram has stated that the deceased had informed him that the appellant AJN 9 threatened her that if she disclosed the incident to anyone, he will not cohabit with her. According to PW-1 Nathuram, thereafter he went to the Haveli Police Station and narrated the incident to the police. His complaint came to be recorded, which is at Ex-44. The deceased succumbed to her injuries on 10/7/2004. 8. PW-1 Nathuram has been cross-examined. He has confirmed in the cross-examination that initially the deceased used to tell him that everything was normal in her matrimonial house. He has confirmed that on 16/6/2004, his brother Gopinath brought the deceased to his house and on that day, the deceased cried to him. He has confirmed that the deceased informed him about the demand of Rs.25,000/-. It is pertinent to note that PW-1 Nathuram has confirmed that on 5/7/2004, when he went to the hospital after coming to know that the deceased had received burn injuries, the appellant and his mother were present in the hospital. They told him that the deceased had received burn injuries, but they did not AJN 10 inform him how the injuries were caused. They told him that they did not know how the deceased received injuries. On 6/7/2004, when he inquired with the deceased as to how she received burn injuries, she narrated how the appellant and his mother poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because she could not fulfill their demand of Rs.25,000/-. He, therefore, went to the police station on 6/7/2004 and lodged his complaint. In our opinion, the evidence of this witness inspires confidence. It is true that in the examination-in-chief, this witness has stated that the oral dying declaration was made by the deceased on 5/7/2004 and in the cross- examination, he has said that it was made on 6/7/2004. But, then PW-1 is a rustic witness. Some allowance will have to be made in his favour while reading his evidence. There may be minor omissions and contradictions in his evidence but they are inconsequential. They do not affect the substratum of the prosecution case. We have no hesitation in placing reliance on the evidence of PW-1. His evidence establishes that the deceased was treated with AJN 11 cruelty and she died a homicidal death. 9. PW-2 Gopinath, the uncle of the deceased has confirmed that on 16/6/2004, he had gone to the matrimonial house of the deceased and brought her to the house of PW-1 Nathuram. 10. PW-3 Mohan Khadsare is pancha to the scene of offence panchnama (Ex-47). In his evidence, PW-3 Khadsare has stated that in the bathroom he noticed one partly burnt saree and the bulb was on. The police seized the saree. According to him, the switch of the light was outside the bathroom and the switch was in good condition. It is true that in the panchnama, it is not stated that the bulb was on. But this omission is not a material omission. We have carefully perused the panchnama of the scene of offence. In the panchnama, it is clearly stated that there was a bulb in the bathroom. The switch of the bulb was outside the bathroom. It was in a good condition. It is further stated in the panchnama that on AJN 12 careful inspection of the door of the bathroom, it was noticed that the latches inside and outside the door were in good condition and there was no sign of any short circuit. Evidence of this witness fortifies the prosecution case as we shall soon see. 11. We will now turn to the evidence of PW-4 Vitthal Joshi, the Resident Nayab Tahsildar, Pune who had recorded the dying declaration of the deceased, which is at Ex-50. Mr. Joshi has stated in his evidence that on 8/7/2004, he received a letter from Haveli Police Station regarding recording of dying declaration of the deceased at about 1.20 p.m. He went to the Sassoon Hospital. The doctor took him to the deceased. He told the relatives to get out of the room. Accordingly, all the persons present there went out of the room. He told the doctor to examine the deceased and verify whether the deceased was oriented to give her statement. The doctor examined the deceased and informed him that he can record the dying declaration. He then asked some questions to the AJN 13 deceased. He recorded her statement as per her say. The deceased told him that her husband wanted her to bring Rs.25,000/- from her parents for purchasing the flat. During Saturday and Sunday nights, her husband assaulted her and on Monday, when she went to the bathroom, the appellant poured kerosene on her person, set her on fire, put the chain of the door of the bathroom and went away. Thereafter, after hearing her shouts, the appellant, his mother, other relatives and neighbours removed the chain of the door of the bathroom and took her to the hospital. According to PW-4 Joshi, he obtained the impression of the left great toe of the deceased on the dying declaration as her hands had burn injuries. He produced the dying declaration, Ex-50 in the court. He has been cross-examined at some length. However, in the cross-examination, he has stood firm. The defence has not made any dent in his evidence by cross- examining him. It must be mentioned here that PW-5 Dr. Shah has confirmed that she had examined the deceased before PW-4 Joshi recorded her dying declaration. She AJN 14 had found that the deceased was conscious and well oriented and she had made endorsement to that effect on Ex-50. 12. We have carefully perused the medical papers of the Sassoon Hospital. They indicate that the deceased was admitted in the Burn Ward at 7.50 a.m. on 5/7/2004. There is no dispute about the fact that the appellant had admitted her in the hospital. The first entry states that the deceased had received 80% superficial to deep burns. Thereafter, it is noted that the deceased had received 60% electric burns. The next entry is dated 5/7/2004. It is made at 8.25 a.m. It states that the deceased was seen by Dr. Gurpreet Singh. It further states that the history was given by the appellant and the deceased was brought to the hospital by the appellant. The history of “accidental burns received because of electric shock when the deceased went for a bath at around 6.30 a.m.” is noted. Again at 11.30 a.m., similar entry is made. At 8.35 p.m., an entry is made that the Magistrate be called for AJN 15 statement for the case of 80% electric burns. 13. PW-5 Dr. Shah appears to have seen the deceased on 6/7/2004 at 2.00 p.m. Dr. Shah has noted that the deceased was conscious and well oriented before, during and after the valid statement. This appears to have reference to the dying declaration (Ex-56), which is recorded by PW-7 ASI Patil. Thereafter comes Ex-53 which is the statement of the deceased recorded by PW-5 Dr. Shah. Dr. Shah has stated that the deceased gave history that the appellant and his mother poured kerosene on her and set her on fire. The deceased further told her that thereafter she removed her saree. After that, her husband brought her to the hospital. He asked her not to tell the incident to anyone. The deceased further told her that she was set on fire because the demand of Rs. 25,000/- was not fulfilled by her. Unfortunately, Dr. Shah has not given the time at which she recorded this history. But, the further noting of Dr. Shah about the health of the deceased is made at 1.15 a.m. Therefore, Ex-53 appears AJN 16 to have been recorded between 2.00 p.m. on 6/7/2004 and 1.15 a.m. on 7/7/2004. In our opinion, the initial history noted in the medical papers is not truthful. It is clear from the medical papers that the appellant was very much present when the history was recorded because he had brought the deceased to the hospital. The entry made at 8.25 a.m. on 5/7/2004 begins by saying that the history was given by the appellant. Therefore, the case that the deceased received burn injuries because of electric shock cannot be accepted as truthful. 14. We are unable to hold that Ex-53 which is recorded by Dr. Shah is concocted merely because Dr. Shah has not given the time at which it was recorded. There was no reason for Dr. Shah, who is an independent witness to fabricate the medical papers. It is significant to note that the deceased told Dr. Shah that the appellant had told her that she should not disclose the incident to anyone. The fear created in the deceased is evident from this statement. All initial entries to the effect that the AJN 17 deceased had received electric burns, are obviously made at the instance of the appellant. 15. PW-4 Joshi, the Nayab Tahsildar, who recorded the dying declaration of the deceased (Ex-50) and PW-5 Dr. Shah, who took down the history of the deceased (Ex-53) are independent witnesses. They have no axe to grind against the appellant. Ex-50 and Ex-53 are consistent. We are of the opinion that on the basis of Ex-50 and Ex-53, it can be concluded that the appellant poured kerosene on the deceased and set her on fire. These dying declarations lend credence to PW-1 Nathuram's evidence that the deceased gave oral dying declaration to him and told him that the appellant and his mother poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because he could not fulfill the demand of Rs.25,000/- made by the appellant and his mother. 16. The defence is heavily relying on the evidence of PW-7 PSI Patil, who was at the relevant time attached to AJN 18 Haveli Police Station. In the examination-in-chief he has stated that he received information about the incident at the police station. He rushed to the ward where the deceased was admitted. He was told by the doctor that the patient was in a condition to make a statement. He recorded her statement which is at Ex-56. According to PW-7, the deceased told him that there was a demand of Rs.25,000/- from her in-laws. She told him that the appellant and her mother-in-law poured kerosene on her and set her on fire. The appellant told her that if she discloses this incident to anyone, he will not cohabit with her. PW-7 further stated that he obtained thumb impression of the deceased on Ex-56. The medical officer also put his signature on it. 17. In the cross-examination of this witness, he has stated that immediately after he received the information, he reached the Burn Ward at 1.45 p.m. The deceased was accompanied by her husband and her mother-in-law. He asked the deceased the history. She told him that the AJN 19 burns received by her were accidental. He recorded this statement which is at Ex-57. PW-5 Dr. Shah has also admitted in her cross-examination that when she recorded the history of the deceased, the deceased had told her that she had already given the history. 18. There is some substance in the contention of the counsel for the appellant that the prosecution ought to have disclosed Ex-57 at the outset. Undoubtedly, it was the duty of PW-7 ASI Patil to disclose that he had recorded Ex-57 wherein the deceased had stated that she had received accidental burns. But, this circumstance in our opinion does not have any adverse impact on the prosecution case. It is stated by PW-7 that when he recorded Ex-57 the appellant and his mother were very much present. Therefore, the history narrated by the deceased to PW-7 which he has recorded vide Ex-57 is given under pressure and fear of the appellant and his mother. From the tenor of Ex-57 also it is clear that the deceased was forced to absolve the appellant. The AJN 20 deceased is stated to have said that after she received burn injuries because of short circuit, her husband, father- in-law, mother-in-law and brother-in-law came running, they opened the door of the bathroom, extinguished the fire and took her to the hospital. She is further stated to have said that she has no grievance about anybody and the incident has occurred because of her fate. There is clear attempt made by the appellant to save himself and his family by forcing the deceased to make such a statement. Besides, the story that the deceased received accidental injuries due to short circuit is falsified by the scene of offence panchnama. In the written statement, while feigning ignorance about the cause, it is submitted that smoke was coming out of the bathroom. The deceased was screaming and, therefore, the appellant removed the deceased from the bathroom. In the history given by the appellant in the hospital it is stated that there was a short circuit. But, in the scene of offence panchnama, it is stated that the switch was in order and there was no sign of short circuit in the bathroom. PW-3 AJN 21 Mohan Khadsare has confirmed this in his evidence. Undoubtedly, therefore, the defence of the accused is false. 19. Our conclusion that the defence of the accused is false is fortified by the Chemical Analyzers report which is at Ex-60. Ex-60 states that partly burnt sari of the deceased contained kerosene residue. Presence of kerosene is inconsistent with the theory of short circuit, but is consistent with the dying declarations of the deceased, Ex-50 and Ex-53 and her oral dying declaration made to PW-1 Nathuram. 20. The appellant being the husband of the deceased was bound to explain how his wife received burn injuries and how she died in suspicious circumstances. His false explanation forms the missing link in the chain of circumstances which the prosecution has proved against the appellant (Ganeshlal v. State of Maharashtra, 1992 (3) Bom.C.R. 671 and State of Rajasthan v. AJN 22 Kashi Ram AIR 2007 SC 144). 21. Having perused the entire evidence, we are of the opinion that the prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubt that the appellant was demanding Rs. 25,000/- as has been stated by PW-1 Nathuram in his deposition. The deceased was ill-treated by the appellant. The deceased had made oral dying declaration to PW-1 Nathuram that the appellant poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because his demand of Rs.25,000/- was not fulfilled by her. This oral dying declaration is supported by Ex-50, which was recorded by PW-4 Joshi – the Resident Nayab Tahsildar. PW-5 Dr. Shah has also stated that the deceased had told her that the appellant poured kerosene on her and set her on fire because Rs.25,000/- was not paid to her. That dying declaration is at Ex-55. Ex-50 and Ex-55 corroborate the oral dying declaration made by the deceased to PW-1 Nathuram, implicating the deceased. AJN 23 22. The short circuit story created by the defence is not supported by any evidence and we have already rejected it. In the view that we have taken, the impugned order of conviction and sentence deserves to be confirmed and is confirmed accordingly. The appeal is dismissed. [MRS. RANJANA DESAI, J.] [MRS. V.K. TAHILRAMANI, J.]