1 bgp IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION NO.622 OF 2007 M/s.Mandhana Dyeing ..Petitioner Vs. Union of India & Ors. ..Respondents Mr.V.Sridharan with Mr.Prakash Shah i/b. PDS Legal for petitioner. Mr.P.S.Jetly for respondents. CORAM :- V.C.DAGA & K.K.TATED,JJ. DATE : 6TH JANUARY,2010 P.C. 1. This petition is preferred by the petitioner against the order dated 15th November, 2006 passed by the Settlement Commission, Customs & Central Excise, Additional Bench, Mumbai (“the Commission” for short) on the application made by the petitioner for settlement of dispute under Section 32E of the Central Excise Act,1944 (“the Act” for short) 2. In order to appreciate the grievance of the petitioner against the impugned order, relevant facts need to be noticed at the outset. BACKGROUND FACTS: 3. M/s.Mandhana Dyeing, the petitioner herein were served with the show cause-cum-demand notice dated 9th January, 2006 by the Commissioner of Central Excise, Thane-II demanding duty of Rs.4,15,25,760/- besides demanding the penalty and interest under the provisions of the Act and Rules 2 framed thereunder. The petitioner faced with the aforesaid show cause-cum- demand notice, finding it difficult to explain their financial transactions in its true letter and spirit, moved an application for settlement of case within prescribed time under Section 32(E) of the Act before the Settlement Commission, Mumbai, as stated hereinabove. 4. The petitioner admitted their liability to the extent of Rs. 42,93,771/- vide their letter dated 12th October, 2006. The said letter is produced on record as Exhibit-”J”. The contents thereof are reproduced hereinbelow : 1. Total duty demanded in SCN Rs.4,15,25,760/- 2. (-) Effective rate of duty applicable Rs. 81,74,732/- ----------------------- Rs.3,33,51,028/- 3. (-) Deem Credit applicable Rs.2,57,59,192/- ----------------------- Rs. 75,91,836/- ========= 4. (-) Duty @ Rs.75/- per LMT for this Rs. 32,98,065/- period 01.04.02 to 28.09.2002 (This is as per the value of the department) Hence total duty payable is Rs. 42,93,771/- 5. The Settlement Commission, while admitting the above application for settlement, directed the petitioner to deposit total amount of duty to the extent of Rs.3,12,75,928/- vide its order dated 15th November, 2006. 6. Being aggrieved by the aforesaid order of the Settlement Commission directing deposit of total duty to the extent of Rs.3,12,75,928/-, the petitioner has invoked writ jurisdiction of this Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India contending that the order of the Settlement Commission is erroneous and contrary to the mandate of Section 35F of the Act. 3 RIVAL SUBMISSIONS : 7. Mr.Sridharan, Learned Counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner has fulfilled the required mandate mentioned in Section 32E as held by the Settlement Commission in its order dated 15th November, 2006. However, Settlement Commission has erroneously directed the petitioner to pay Rs.3,12,75,928/- as a condition for admission of the application. According to him Sub Section (1) of Section 32F provides that the Settlement Commission shall call for a report from the Commissioner of Central Excise having jurisdiction and on the basis of the material contained in such report and having regard to the nature and circumstances of the case or the complexity of the investigation involved therein, the commission may, by order, allow the application to be proceeded with or reject the same. Sub Section (3) thereof provides that subject to the provisions of Sub Section (4), the applicant shall within 30 days from the date of receipt of a copy of the order under Sub Section (1) allowing the application to be proceeded with, pay the amount of additional duty admitted by him as payable and shall furnish proof of such payment to the Settlement Commission. Sub Section (4) lays down that if the Settlement Commission is satisfied, on an application made in this behalf by the assessee that he is unable for good and sufficient reasons to pay the amount referred to in sub-section (3), within the time specified in that sub- section, it may extend the time for payment of the amount which remains unpaid or allow payment thereof by installments, if the assessee furnishes adequate security for the payment thereof. Based on the frame of Section 35F, the submission is : when the Settlement Commission allows the application to be proceeded with then within 30 days of the receipt of a copy of the order, the applicant is required to pay the amount of additional duty admitted by him as payable with proof of payment thereof. According to Mr.Sridharan, the petitioner having admitted an amount of Rs.42,93,771/- petitioner could not have been directed to pay Rs.3,12,75,928/- by the Settlement Commission. He 4 further submits that as to whether or not the petitioner are liable to pay more can only be looked into at the final disposal of the application and not at the stage of admission. At the stage of admission, the Settlement Commission is duty bound to demand only admitted duty liability. Mr.Sridharan in nutshell submitted that the impugned order to the extent it directs deposit of Rs.3,12,75,928/- is erroneous. It is liable to be quashed and set aside. 8. Mr.Sridharan, with the aforesaid backdrop went on to make submissions on the merits of the matter, the consideration of which is not necessary for the view taken by us. 9. Per contra, Mr.Jately, learned Counsel appearing on behalf of respondents submitted that the petitioner, in their own letter dated 12th October, 2006 (erroneously described as 12th December, 2006) have admitted their liability to the extent of Rs.3,12,75,928/- as per show cause notice issued by Revenue as such impugned order passed by the Settlement Commission is in accordance with law. He, thus, prayed for dismissal of the petition. 10. Before proceeding to consider the rival submissions advanced at the bar, it is necessary to turn to the relevant legislative background and provisions of law in order to appreciate the question raised in the petition. BACKGROUND LEGISLATION : 11. As early as 1992, in the Budget speech, the Finance Minister had proposed setting up of Settlement Commission for Customs and Central Excise disputes. But, such provisions were actually introduced only in the Finance Bill of 1998. The stated objective was that the door to settlement with errant tax payer should be kept open keeping in mind the primary objective to raise revenue. There has to be room for compromise and settlement. A rigid attitude would inhibit a one time tax evader or unintending defaulter from 5 making a clean breast of his affairs and unnecessarily strain the investigation resources of the Government. The settlement machinery is thus meant for providing a chance to a tax-evader who wants to turn a new leaf as recommended by the Direct Taxes Inquiry Committee, popularly known as “Wanchoo Committee.” 12. Keeping the aforesaid objective in mind, the Settlement Commission is constituted under Section 32 of the Act vide Notification No.40/99–CE (NT) dated 9th June, 1999. The various provisions of sections in Chapter V provide details of the functioning of the Settlement Commission. The Central objective of the Settlement Commission is to provide quick and easy settlement of tax dispute of high revenue stake so as to save the time and energy of both, the Litigant and the Department adding to the proverb “time saved is money saved”. Any assessee can make an application to the Settlement Commission containing full and true disclosure of his duty liability which has not been disclosed before the Central Excise Officer. The applicant has to accept the additional amount of central excise duty payable by him and such liability should be not less than Rs.2/- lac in a particular case. With this background, we may turn to the relevant Section for the purpose of deciding the controversy involved in the present petition i.e. Section 32(F) of the Act. Section 32F : Procedure on receipt of an application under Section 32F: (1) On receipt of an application under sub-section (1) of Section 32(E), the Settlement Commission shall call for a report from the Commission of Central Excise having jurisdiction and on the basis of the materials contained in such report and having regard to the nature and circumstances of the case or the complexity of the investigation involved therein, the Settlement Commission may, by order, allow the application to be proceeded with or reject the application: Provided that an application shall not be rejected under this sub- section, unless an opportunity has been given to the applicant of being heard: 6 Provided further that the Commissioner of Central Excise shall furnish such report within a period of one month of the receipt of the communication from the Settlement Commission, failing which it shall be presumed that the Commissioner of Central Excise has no objection to such application; but he may raise objections at the time of hearing fixed by the Settlement Commission for admission of the application and the date of such hearing shall be communicated by the Settlement Commission to the applicant and the Commissioner of Central Excise within a period not exceeding two months from the date of receipt of such application, unless the presiding officer of the Bench extends the time, recording the reasons in writing. (2) A copy of every order under sub-section (1) shall be sent to the applicant and to the Commissioner of Central Excise having jurisdiction. (3) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (4), the applicant shall within thirty days of the receipt of a copy of the order under sub-section (1) allowing the application to be proceeded with, pay the amount of additional duty admitted by him as payable and shall furnish proof of such payment to the Settlement Commission. (Emphasis supplied) (4) If the Settlement Commission is satisfied, on an application made in this behalf by the assessee that he is unable for good and sufficient reasons to pay the amount referred to in sub-section (3), within the time specified in that sub-section, it may extend the time for payment of the amount which remains unpaid or allow payment thereof by instalments, if the assessee furnishes adequate security for the payment thereof. (5) Where the additional amount of duty referred to in sub-section (3) is not paid by the assessee within the time specified or extended period, as the case may be, the Settlement Commission may direct that the amount which remains unpaid, together with simple interest at the rate of eighteen per cent. per annum or at the rate notified by the Central Board of Excise and Customs from time to time on the amount remaining unpaid, be recovered, as the sum due to Central Government by the Central Excise Officer having jurisdiction over the assessee in accordance with the provisions of section 11. (6) ........... (7) ............ (8) ............ 7 (9) ............ (10) ............ (11) ............ CONSIDERATION: 13. Having heard rival parties and having examined the impugned order passed by the Settlement Commission, it is necessary to examine Sub Section 3 of Section 32F, which specifically lays down that subject to the provisions of Section (4), the applicant shall within thirty days of the receipt of a copy of the order under sub-section (1) allowing the application to be proceeded with, pay the amount of additional duty admitted by him as payable and shall furnish proof of such payment to the Settlement Commission. A bare reading of this sub-Section, unequivocally goes to show that the admitted liability is required to be paid by the applicant within 30 days from the receipt of the copy of the order under Sub Section 1 of Section 32F. The question is what do you mean by additional amount of duty admitted by the petitioner ? 14. The object of the legislation as stated hereinabove is not to close the door for settlement. The object of the Legislature is to open the doors for settlement. It is well settled canon of construction that in construing the provisions of a beneficial legislation, the Court should adopt the construction, which advances, fulfills and furthers the object of the Act rather than the one, which would defeat the same and prevent settlement. Beneficial statutes should not be construed too rigidly as it was for the protection of certain class of persons that the statute was enacted. The intention of the legislature and the policy underlying it has also to be kept in mind. As far as possible, the language of the statute, unless it goes against the intention of the specific provisions, must be construed consistent with the changing social attitudes. The well settled principle of interpretation is that a statutory provision should be construed according to the plain natural meaning of its language. When 8 the language of a particular provision is clear and according to the plain natural meaning thereof one need not travel in the territory of interpretation (See : CIT Vs. Sundaram Iyengar & Sons (P) Ltd.(1975) 101 ITR 764 (SC) . 15. Keeping the objective of the Legislation in mind and the scheme framed, any assessee can make application to the Settlement Commission containing full and true disclosure of his liability which was not disclosed by him before the Central Excise Officer. The applicant is expected to deposit additional amount of excise duty admitted to be payable by him as per his own calculations. Sub-Sections (1) to (5) of Section 35F is a stage prior to determination of controversy on merits. At the stage of making application, the question of determination of liability by the Settlement Commission does not arise. The provision contemplates a voluntary act on the part of the applicant. Under these circumstances, the amount of additional duty admitted contemplates voluntary admission on the part of the applicant itself. As already stated above, Sub Section (3) of Section 35F is absolutely clear and includes no ambiguity. As long as there is no ambiguity in the statutory language, resort to any interpretative process to unfold the legislative intent becomes impermissible. The supposed intention of the Legislature cannot then be appealed to whittle down the statutory language which is otherwise unambiguous. The intention of the legislator in a taxation statute is to be gathered from the language of the provisions particularly where the language is plain and unambiguous. A rigid attitude would inhibit a one time tax evader or unintending defaulter from making a clean breast of his affairs and would also unnecessarily strain the investigation resources of the Government. 16. Having examined the statutory provisions of Section 35F in general and sub-Section (3) and (4) in particular in the light of the settled principles of interpretation, it is clear that the Settlement Commission can either accept the application as it is or reject the same in toto. In the present case, Settlement 9 Commission has erroneously borrowed figures from the petitioner’ letter dated 12th October, 2006 of the petitioner, the contents of which are already reproduced in paragraph 4 (supra) to hold that the petitioner has admitted total duty liability in the sum of Rs.3,12,75,928/- as demanded in show cause notice. Whereas, bare reading of the aforesaid letter reveals that the petitioner admitted their liability only to the extent of Rs.42,92,771/- towards payment of duty. It appears that the Settlement Commission, ignoring the mandate of Sub Clause 3 of Section 35F went on to lift certain figures from the said letter, ignoring substractions indicated in the said letter by the petitioner from the duty demanded in the show cause notice which in our view is erroneous and impermissible. 17. The law dealing with the admission is clearly well established. It is well settled that the admission unless it is separable has to be taken as a whole or not at all. In the case of Motabhoy Mulla Essabhoy Vs. Mulji Haridas AIR 1915 Privy Council (2) has observed that; “It is permissible for a tribunal to accept part and reject the rest of any witness’s testimony. But an admission in pleading cannot be so dissected and if it is made subject to a condition, it must either be accepted subject to the condition or not accepted at all.” 18. In the case of Hanumant Govind Nargundkar and Anr. Vs. State of Madhya Pradesh AIR 1952 SC 343, the Apex Court has observed as under: “It is settled law that an admission made by a person whether amounting to a confession or not cannot be split up and part of it used against him. An admission must be used either as a whole or not at all.” To the same effect is the decision of the Apex Court in the case of Palvinder Kaur Vs. State of Punjab AIR 1952 SC 354, wherein it is observed that; “The Court thus accepted the inculpatory part of that statement and rejected the exculpatory part. In doing so it contravened the well accepted rule regarding the use of confession and admission that these 10 must either be accepted as a whole or rejected as a whole and that the Court is not competent to accept only the inculpatory part while rejecting the exculpatory part as inherently incredible.” “The same view was taken in a recent decision of the Apex Court in the case of Dadarao Vs. State of Maharashtra 1974 (3) SCC 630 : (AIR 1974 SC 388) wherein it is observed that; “It may not, however, be overlooked that the admission made by the appellant must be read as a whole, for what he has stated is that he had made his signature in the account books of the branch office after an audit objection was raised that he ought to have signed the books at the end of every day in his managerial capacity. The statement of the appellant on this aspect is not capable of dissection because the particular part thereof on which the High Court relies is inextricably connected with the other part which the High Court has not taken into consideration.” 19. Having seen the settled position of law, it is clear that the admission must be taken altogether or not at all. Where an admission is made subject to a condition or qualification, the condition and the qualifying part of the statement must also be put in and considered. It was not permissible for the Settlement Commission, to ignore the substracted figures shown by the petitioner in their letter dated 12th October, 2006 and make them part of the admitted duty liability. 20. With the aforesaid backdrop, if one turns to the factual aspect of the case in hand, the petitioner in its letter dated 12th October, 2006 specifically informed the Settlement Commission that they are not admitting the entire amount as mentioned in the show-cause notice. The petitioner has admitted only Rs.42,92,771/-. The Settlement Commission has erroneously held that the petitioner is not entitled to deduct rate of duty to the tune of Rs. 81,74,732/-, deem credit amounting to Rs.2,57,59,192/- and duty at the rate of Rs.75/- per LMT for the period from 1st April, 2002 to 28th September, 2002 amounting to Rs.32,98,065/-. 11 21. In our considered view, the order passed by the Settlement Commission dated 15th November, 2006 is liable to be set aside to the extent it calls upon the petitioner to pay a sum of Rs.3,12,75,928/-. Considering the admission of the petitioner in the letter dated 12th October, 2006 (Exhibit-J to the petition), the petitioner is liable to deposit a total sum of Rs.42,92,771/- including amounts already paid. Thus, the figure of demand made by the Settlement Commission in the sum of Rs.3,12,75,928/- stands substituted with that of Rs.42,92,771/- which the petitioner shall deposit within 30 days from the date of receipt of the copy of this order by the Settlement Commission. After deposit of the said amount, the Settlement Commission is directed to proceed with the matter in accordance with law. In case, the petitioner fails to deposit the aforesaid amount as directed within stipulated time, the Settlement Commission shall be at liberty to reject the application for settlement giving liberty to the Revenue to take appropriate action against the petitioner in accordance with law. In the result, rule is made absolute in terms of this order with no order as to costs. (K.K.TATED,J.) (V.C.DAGA,J.)