IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA ***** Criminal Appeal (DB) No.297 of 2010 ========================================================== ***** Md. Noor Alam, son of Md. Israil Ansari, resident of village Lalpur, P.S. Birpur, District-Supaul. .... .... Appellant/s Versus The State Of Bihar .... .... Respondent/s with Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 511 of 2010 Against the judgment of conviction dated 08.03.2010 and order of sentence dated 11.03.2010 passed in Special Case No. 22 of 2005 by Sri Abhay Kumar, 1st Additional Sessions Judge- cum-Special Judge, Araria. ========================================================== ***** Md. Jainuddin Ansari @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari, son of Md. Reifique Ansari, resident of Narsingh, Ward No. 7, P.S. Lokahi, District Sunsari (Nepal) .... .... Appellant/s Versus The State Of Bihar .... .... Respondent/s ========================================================== ***** Appearance : (In CR. APP (DB) No. 297 of 2010) For the Appellant/s : Mr. Anil Prasad Singh, Mr. Shashi Kumar, Mr. Dharmendra Kumar Singh, Advocate. For the Respondent/s :Mr. Ashwini Kumar Sinha, APP. (In CR. APP (DB) No. 511 of 2010) For the Appellant/s : Mr. Vikram Deo Singh, Mr. Dharmendra Kumar Singh, Mr. Anisur Rahman, Advocate. For the Respondent/s :Mr. Ashwini Kumar Sinha, APP. ========================================================== = CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SHYAM KISHORE SHARMA and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE RAJENDRA KUMAR MISHRA ORAL JUDGMENT (Per: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SHYAM KISHORE SHARMA) S. K. Sharma & R. K. Mishra, JJ. Cr. Appeal No. 297 of 2010 (DB) on behalf of Md. Noor Alam and Cr. Appeal No. 511 of 2010 (DB) on behalf of Md. Jainuddin Ansari Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 2 @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari have arisen out of one judgment of conviction dated 08.03.2010 and order of sentence dated 11.03.2010 passed by the learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge-cum- Special Judge, Araria in Special Case No. 22 of 2005 whereby each of the appellants were held guilty under Sections 22/29 of the N.D.P.S. Act (hereinafter referred to as the „Act‟) and were sentenced to undergo R.I. for a period of 15 years and to pay fine of Rs. 1,50,000/- and in default of payment of fine to undergo further R.I. for four years. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently. 2. The prosecution case relates to an occurrence dated 23.12.2005 at 12.30 hours which has resulted on the basis of the written report of Bidhi Chand (P.W.1). In the written report (Ext.3), the informant alleged that he was head constable no. 7465098 of 19th Battalion of S.S.B. of company, having headquarter at Ghurna and at the time of occurrence he was posted at Basmatiya Border. On 23.12.2005, he along with Lance Nayak Nandlal (P.W.2), constable Uttam Rai (P.W.3), constable Debnath Mitra (not examined), constable Ajay Mandal (P.W.16), constable Keshab Upadhaya (not Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 3 examined), constable Bappaditya Das (P.W.15), constable Subhash Roy (not examined), constable Shyam Saha (P.W.13), constable Dipak Karmakar (not examined) and constable Santa Raha (P.W.14) were patrolling in the border area. At 12.30 hours on that day the patrolling party saw two persons riding on a motorcycle entering in Indian Border. The persons were asked to stop but they tried to flee away and on chase they were surrounded by all the constables who caught them at a distance of 600 yards from the pillar no. 195/8 inside Indian territory. On query, they detailed their names and parents‟ names. They were searched alternatively and from possession of appellant Md. Jainuddin Ansari @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari three packets of Brown Sugar, one small measuring balance (Taraju) and an iron weight of 50 gms. were recovered. No explanation regarding possession of Brown Sugar was given. Appellant Md. Noor Alam told that he was working and living with appellant Md. Jainuddin Ansari @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari who has been released from jail in Nepal recently for the similar offence. The fardbeyan was recorded which contained the signature of the informant as well as signatures of others. Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 4 The formal First Information Report on the basis of the fardbeyan (Ext.3) resulted into Narpatganj (Basmatiya O.P.) P.S. Case No. 212 of 2005, dated 24.12.2005 under Sections 22/23/24 of the N.D.P.S. Act. The accused persons along with the seized brown sugar and motorcycle along with the forwarding report were handed over by the informant to the incharge Basmatiya O.P. On 25.12.2005, both these accused persons along with the First Information Report and seizure list were forwarded to Special Judge, Purnia who remanded these two accused persons to jail custody. The matter was investigated into and after investigation the substances of allegation was found to be correct so, chargesheet was submitted. Cognizance under Section 22 of the N.D.P.S. Act was taken and the case was transferred where charges were explained to both the accused persons under Section 22 of the N.D.P.S. Act. Charges were framed on 14.07.2006, against Noor Alam under Section 29 of the N.D.P.S. Act and on 23.11.2007, against Md. Jainuddin Ansari @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari under Section 29 of the N.D.P.S. Act on 27.05.2009. When the accused persons pleaded Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 5 their innocence, the trial proceeded. 3. The prosecution has examined 17 witnesses. They are Bidhi Chand (P.W.1), Nand Lal (P.W.2), Uttam Rai (P.W.3), Diwakar Sarkar (P.W.4), Md. Arif (P.W.5), Badri Prasad (P.W.6), Abbas Ansari (P.W.7), Nagendra Pandit (P.W.8), Prabas Chandra Mishra (P.W.9), Rameshwar Ram (P.W.10), Sunil Kumar Das (P.W.11), Nathuni Ram (P.W.12), Shyam Saha (P.W.13), Shanta Raha (P.W.14), Bappy Aditya Das (P.W.15), Ajay Kumar Mandal (P.W.16) and Prabas Chandra Mishra (P.W.17). The seizure list was exhibited as (Ext.1), Proforma of seizure as (Ext.2), written report as (Ext.3), signature of Md. Arif, Badri Pd. And Abbas Ansari respectively over the seizure list as (Ext.4), (Ext.4/1) and (Ext.4/2), formal First Information Report as (Ext.5), Forensic Science Laboratory report as (Ext.6), confessional statement of Jainuddin as (Ext.7), Case diary para 1 to 101 as (Ext.8) and Forwarding report of seizure list as (Ext.9). 4. On behalf of defence, Md. Haroon was examined as D.W.1. The confessional statement of the accused was already marked as “X”. Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 6 5. The report of chemical examination of the seized articles was received and after considering the evidence on record as well as after hearing learned Counsels of the parties. The trial court found the above named accused guilty. 6. This Court is required to look into the fact that as to whether the prosecution has been able to prove the charges against the appellants beyond shadow of all reasonable doubts or not. 7. Before proceeding further, it is appropriate to discuss the report received from Regional Director, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Muzaffarpur. According to the report, the seized article of the case was sent to the office of F.S.L., Muzaffarpur on 17.02.2006 which was received on 18.02.2006 i.e. after about two months of the occurrence. The report transmitted by the office of F.S.L., Muzaffarpur as Report R.F.S.L. No. 74 of 2006 dated 14.08.2007 which mentions that the box contained six paper packets marked as A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. Each paper packet contained about 300 mg brownish coloured powdery substances. Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 7 8. Learned Counsel for the appellant has assailed the report of the F.S.L. and it has been submitted that the seized article from the appellant was never sent for chemical examination because there is no evidence at all that samples taken from each packets were kept at different paper packets which were six in number and so, it has been argued that the seized article was not sent rather some different articles were sent and on that basis the report was obtained and linked the appellants with the offence. 9. The object of the Act is to make stringent provisions for the control and regulation of operation relating to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substance. At the same time, to avoid harm to the innocent persons and to avoid abuse of the provisions by the officers, certain safeguards are which is the context had to be observed strictly. 10. Before proceeding further, it would be appropriate to note down the facts of the case: Date Time Events 23.12.2005 12.30 P.M. Petitioner/accused along with co accused Noor Alam was detained by Patrolling Party of S.S.B. at Basmatiya post Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 8 12.30 P.M. Alleged seizer list prepared. 20.00 P.M. As per PW 10, accused persons along with alleged seized articles and paper forwarded to Basmatiya Police station by SSB Constable Bidhi Chand. 24.12.2005 8.30 hours Information at Narpatganj Police Station & FIR lodged. 25.12.2005 Accused persons along with FIR & Seizure List forwarded to SPL Judge, Purnea for remand. 19.01.2006 IO filed requisition for sending Sample to FSL Muzaffarpur for chemical examination 22.01.2006 50 grams sample prepared for sending to FSL Muzaffarpur for chemical examination. 29.01.2006 Sample sent to FSL Muzaffarpur for chemical examination by currier Cons. Ramji Choudhary. 16.02.2006 Office of FSL Muzaffarpur refused to take sample for chemical examination in absence of proper seal in sample send by the IO. 04.02.2006 Cons. Ramji Choudhary return from Muzaffarpur along with untested sample. 05.02.2006 IO filed petition before this court for deputation of a Judicial Magistrate for sealing the sample. 16.02.2006 This court pleased to direct CJM Araria for deputation of judicial Magistrate for preparation of sample as per law. 17.02.2006 Certification & sampling by Karim J.M. 1st Class Araria and a sample of 50 grams was prepared and sealed. Rest of article also sealed. 17.02.2006 Prepared 50 grams sample Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 9 sent to FSL Muzaffarpur for chemical examination by currier Cons. Ramji Choudhary. 18.02.2006 A wooden box containing sample was received by FSL Muzaffarpur. 26.02.2006 Currier Cons. Ramji Choudhary returned back with receiving. 18.03.2006 Charge sheet submitted. 14.08.2007 The wooden box opened by chemical examiner of FSL Muzaffarpur and found six paper packet (i.e. puryas) marked as A.B.C.D.E. and F. respectively. Each paper packet (purya) contained about 300 mg brownish-colored powdery substances. Witnesses have stated about the substance and they have remained inconsistent in their evidence and on the date and time of occurrence, two persons on a motorcycle were intercepted and on search the alleged packets were seized. Therefore, there are consistent evidence to that extent and the prosecution has been able to prove this, that on the date and time of occurrence the informant and ten other persons were in raiding party have stopped the accused persons and they were apprehended along with the articles which were allegedly seized. Though, on this point either with regard to manner of occurrence or with regard to the place, various questions were put to the Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 10 witnesses but they have remained consistent that on the date and time of occurrence the seizure was made, therefore, the evidence is consistent to that extent. 11. The learned lawyer has raised objection saying that there is no sampling at the spot. The prosecution has been able to prove the manner of seizing of the samples. The seized articles were produced before the court in sealed manner and unexplained delay of 55 days between alleged sampling and sending to the F.S.L. Muzaffarpur has remained unexplained. No proof has been given by the prosecution that the seized article was kept in safe custody during that period. The judicial magistrate before whom samples were taken was not examined as a witness. The legal challenges were also made and it has been argued that S.S.B. officers are not authorized under Section 42 of the Act. The mandatory provisions of Sections 50, 52 and 55 were violated, not even one public witness has identified. The currier of sample was not produced before the trial court and there is no explanation regarding his non-production. It has also been argued that sample received by F.S.L., Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 11 Muzaffarpur examined by chemical examiner was not identical to the sample prepared in the presence of the judicial magistrate. Therefore, it has been submitted that there was possibility that sample which were taken in presence of judicial magistrate were changed and the sample which were taken were not actually sent. This shows that the samples were tampered and also the prosecution has failed to prove the charges. 12. Section 50 of the Act relates to the conditions under which the search of person has to be conducted. The provision is that if a person duly authorized under Section 42, is about to search any person under the provisions of Sections 41, 42 or Section 43, then he shall if such person so requires, take such person without unnecessary delay to the nearest Gazetted Officer of any of the departments mentioned in Section 42 or to the nearest Magistrate. If such requisition is made, then the officer is authorized to detain the person until he can bring him before the Gazetted Officer or the Magistrate. If such authorities before whom any such person is brought shall, if he sees no reasonable ground for search, Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 12 forthwith discharge the person but otherwise shall direct that search be made. If an officer duly authorized under Section 42 has reason to believe that it is not possible to take the person to be searched to the nearest Gazetted Officer or Magistrate without the possibility of the person to be searched parting with possession of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, or controlled substance or article or document, he may, instead of taking such person to the nearest Gazetted Officer or Magistrate, search can be made under provisions of Section 100 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. 13. The settled position of law is that the person to be searched under the provisions of the N.D.P.S. Act, is required to be told about his right under Section 50 before he is searched and that is a mandatory requirement. No presumption to that effect can be raised. This has been decided in a number of cases. One case for example is being noted here i.e. C. Ali v. State of Kerala 2000 Cr.L.J. 3181 (S.C.). A question raised before the Apex Court was as to whether if the accused does not make a request to the searching officer on his Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 13 own that the search should be conducted in presence of Gazetted Officer or Magistrate then what would be the result. The Apex Court in a judgment reported in Kalayath Nassar v. State of Kerala A.I.R. 2000 S.C. 733 considered this and was pleased to hold that merely if such person does not make a request for making search before the Gazetted Officer or by Magistrate, then it cannot be held that there was no need to inform to him. In the present case the accused were not even asked to take his search either before the Gazetted Officer or the Magistrate. 14. Section 55 of the Act is with regard to taking charge of articles seized by the police. According to the provision of the Act, an officer in-charge of a police station shall take charge of article and keep in safe custody, pending the orders of the Magistrate and in such a situation to affix his seal to such articles. All samples have to be sealed with a seal of the officer-in-charge of the police station. This provision has been brought with the purpose of enforcing that no unnecessary accusation is made. A perusal of Section 55 of the Act makes it clear that the Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 14 officer-in-charge of the police station has to take charge and keep the seized article in safe custody. The requirement under Section 55 of the Act is that the sealed samples are also be sealed by the officer-in-charge of the police station. This is not the case here and on this assertion, there is no evidence that Section 55 of the Act was complied with. 15. Section 57 of the Act, contemplates that whenever any person makes any seizure under the Act, he shall within forty eight hours next after such arrest or seizure, make a full report of all the particulars of such arrest of seizure to his immediate official superior. In the present case, the appellants have come and there is no evidence that the provisions of Sections were complied with. Mere presence of the officer at the time of search is no compliance of Section 57 of the Act. 16. One sample of 50 grams weight was prepared in presence of the Judicial Magistrate, Araria and it was sent to the F.S.L., Muzaffarpur and there were six paper packet marked as A to F. Each paper packet contained about 300 mg brownish-colored powdery Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 15 substances. The evidence brought on record is that the sample was taken in presence of the Judicial Magistrate and that sample was kept in one packet but how it reached to the F.S.L., Muzaffarpur in six packets is not explained. This is another glaring violation of the mandatory provisions of the Act. 17. The Act was brought for consolidating and amending the law relating to narcotic drugs, to make stringent provisions for the control and regulation of operations relating to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. Some provisions were prescribed in the different Sections of the Act itself. Considering the stringent nature, it was desired that the restriction imposed by the Sections must be followed in true spirit but if the entire facts of the case is taken into consideration then it appears that the provisions of various Sections were not followed. To sum up, hence, we are of the view that there is : (i) No proof of sampling at spot, (ii) No proof of sealing, (iii)No sealed seized article produced before the court, Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 16 (iv) No proof of safe custody of seized article, (v)The Judicial Magistrate in whose presence the sample was taken was not examined, (vi)Violation of Sections 50, 52 and 55 of the Act, (vii)No identification of the accused by any public, (viii)Currier of sample constable Ramji Choudhary was not produced for examination, (ix)Samples received by F.S.L., Muzaffarpur that was examined by the chemical examiner were not identical with sample prepared in the presence of the Judicial Magistrate, Araria and there was no witness that the sample was taken from all the packets and these samples were send to the F.S.L., Muzaffarpur. 18. These are vital inconsistencies in the prosecution case and we are of the view that such glaring defects cannot be ignored. 19. In the result, the appeals are allowed. The conviction and sentence awarded to the appellants are set aside. They are acquitted of the charges. Patna High Court CR. APP (DB) No.297 of 2010 dt.29-06-2011 17 20. The appellants namely, Md. Noor Alam in Cr. Appeal No. 297 of 2010 (DB) and Md. Jainuddin Ansari @ Md. Jaimuddin Ansari in Cr. Appeal No. 511 of 2010 (DB), who are reported to be in custody, are directed to be released forthwith, if not required in any other case. Patna High Court, Patna Dated the 29th of June, 2011 N.A.F.R. kksinha/- (Shyam Kishore Sharma, J.) (Rajendra Kumar Mishra, J.)