CR.A/499/2004 1/21 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 499 of 2004 For Approval and Signature: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.P.DHOLAKIA HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MD SHAH ============================================================== 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge? ===================================================== MOHAMMAD KUTUBUDDIN ANSARI & 1 - Appellant(s) Versus STATE OF GUJARAT - Opponent(s) ===================================================== Appearance : MR MA KHARADI for Appellant(s) : 1 - 2. MR JM PANCHAL,SPL PP Assisted by MR RC KODEKAR, APP for respondent ===================================================== CORAM : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.P.DHOLAKIA and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE MD SHAH Date : 25/01/2006 CAV JUDGMENT (Per : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE R.P.DHOLAKIA) 1. By way of filing the present appeal, the appellants, the original accused Nos.1 and 2 in POTA Case No.1 of 2003, have challenged CR.A/499/2004 2/21 JUDGMENT the order passed by the learned Special Judge (POTA), Ahmedabad, in Criminal Misc. (Bail) Application No.2738 of 2003 in POTA Case No.1 of 2003 whereby the application filed by the appellants for bail was rejected. 2. The appellant No.1-Mohammed Kutubddin Ansari and the appellant No.2-Bitulla Kadar Teli were arrested on 28-2-2002 in connection with the FIR being I.C.R.No.9 of 2002 for the offences punishable under Secs.143, 147, 148, 149, 337, 338, 334, 153-A, 302 and 307 of the IP Code, Secs.141, 151 and 152 of the Indian Railways Act, Secs.3 and 4 of the Prevention of Damages to Properties Act and under Secs.3(2) and 3(3) of the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 for the alleged offence of burning of coach No.S/6 of the Sabarmati Express on 27-2-2002 at 7.45 a.m. near “A” Cabin at Godhra Railway Station resulting in the death of 59 persons and causing serious injuries to 48 persons and also causing CR.A/499/2004 3/21 JUDGMENT damage to the railway properties. 3. Since detailed discussion of the version given in the police papers has been made by the learned Special Judge (POTA), the same are again not reproduced in this judgment. When the train reached the Godhra Railway Station at about 7.43 a.m. i.e. much later than its scheduled time of 2.55 a.m. and after the train started at 7.48 a.m., the chain was pulled around 7.50 a.m. The train started again at 7.55 a.m. but after some distance, the chain was pulled again simultaneously from four compartments at 7.58 a.m. and it stopped only about 332 meters away from the platform near “A” Cabin and the incident is alleged to have happened around 8.00 a.m. when a large number of people from a nearby area including from Signal Faliya had attacked and set on fire the said S/6 compartment. The police papers state that petro cans which were stored in the nearby CR.A/499/2004 4/21 JUDGMENT Aman Guest House in the previous evening were used for setting the compartment on fire. At the time when the train halted, members who wanted to attack the compartment from the mob, pelted stones, banged iron pipes, lathis etc. and by cutting open the vestibule, entered the S/6 compartment, poured inflammable substances like petrol in it and set it on fire. The persons forming an unlawful assembly tried to prevent the passengers from getting down from the burning coach. R.P.F. and other police people reached on the spot and tried to control the mob by firing a few shots. However, the incident appears to have occurred in a very well planned and swift manner, because, within few minutes of halting of the train, it was attacked by a huge mob, armed with lethal weapons and cans of inflammable materials like petrol, kerosene and acid were soon brought and S/6 compartment was set ablaze CR.A/499/2004 5/21 JUDGMENT wherein 59 persons were charred and 48 persons were seriously injured. 4. The FIR was lodged by the engine driver Rajendrarao Raghunantrao Jadav at about 9.35 a.m. on 27-2-2002. A report under Sec.173(2) of Criminal Procedure Code (“Code” for short) was submitted by police on 22-5-2002 qua 54 accused. Reports/Supplementary charge sheets under Sec.173(8) of the Code were sent qua seven accused on 20-9-2002; qua three accused on 19-12-2002, qua two accused each on 16-4- 2003 and 4-5-2003, qua one accused on 19-5- 2003, qua six accused on 3-10-2003, qua two accused on 11-7-2004 and qua three accused on 3-9-2004. Earlier on 2-3-2002, Dy. S.P., Western Railway, requested the Judicial Magistrate (First Class) to add offence under Sec.3(1)(a)(b) of the Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance 2001 (POTA, 2001). Thereafter on 25-3-2002, a communication was sent to learned Judicial Magistrate to keep in CR.A/499/2004 6/21 JUDGMENT abeyance the said provisions of POTA, 2001 at that stage. Thereafter, a request was made by the Dy. S.P., Western Railway to add the offences under Section 3(2)(3) of the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act” for short) vide communication dated 18-2-2003 addressed to the learned Addl. Sessions Judge. 5. In view of the provisions of Sec.56 of the Act, the provisions of the Act have an overriding effect over the provisions of any other enactment. Secs.49(6) and 49(7) of the Act impose additional restrictions on granting of bail. However, in view of the proviso to Sub-section (7), these restrictions will not apply after the expiry of one year from the date of detention of the accused for an offence under the Act. The bail application in this case was made admittedly one year after the accused was CR.A/499/2004 7/21 JUDGMENT detained. 6. The appellants preferred application for bail being Criminal Misc. (Bail) Application No.2738 of 2003 in POTA Case No.1 of 2003 under Sec.49 of the Act read with Sec.437 of the Code. On affording opportunity of hearing to the parties concerned and on going through the evidence on record, the learned Special Judge (POTA) rejected the said application, which is giving rise to prefer the present appeal. 7. While rejecting the said application, the learned Special Judge (POTA) observed that the witnesses, who were discharging their duties at the relevant time, gave the names of both the appellants along with the weapons carried by them in their statements. In view of their respective posting in the law and order protecting force and their acquaintance with the people of the area, their presence did not create any doubt in the mind of the CR.A/499/2004 8/21 JUDGMENT Court. The appellant No.1 was found with an iron rod while the appellant No.2 with a wooden stick which were not usually carried in public. If they were there out of curiosity, there was no necessity to carry those weapons with them. It was further held by the court below that there was not only the criminal conspiracy to burn the train but there was preparation to execute the said conspiracy on the previous day and before. The factors such as purchase of petrol, collection of the same at a secret place, gathering of information about arrival of the train, instigating people under the pretext of abduction of a girl, stopping the train at the area where dominantly people of particularly community resided and gathering of a huge crowd within no time at the place of the incident were taken into consideration by the court below coupled with the fact that admittedly 59 persons were killed of whom 27 CR.A/499/2004 9/21 JUDGMENT were children and women. The appellants were arrested on the next day with the respective weapons. It was also held by the court below that the appellants were not regular passengers travelling in the train but were there as part of the unlawful assembly for execution of their conspiracy. Since the prima facie involvement of the appellants was found from the statements of these witnesses referred to by the court below, their bail application was rejected. 8. We have heard learned counsel for the appellants, Mr.Kharadi and learned Special Public Prosecutor, Mr.J.M.Panchal, for the respondent-State assisted by learned APP, Mr.R.C.Kodekar. 9. Mr.Kharadi, learned counsel for the appellants took us through the statements dated 1-3-2002 of eye witnesses namely, PSI, Shri M.J.Jhala (P.W.No.201), Police Constable Hirabhai Dolabhai (P.W.No.196), ASI, CR.A/499/2004 10/21 JUDGMENT Indrasinh Prabhatsinh (P.W.No.195), RPF Ambrishkumar Shivaram, who have named the accused No.1. As far as appellant accused No.2 is concerned, Mr.Kharadi, took us through the statements of Police Constable, Mahendrasinh Bhikhusinh (P.W.No.198) and RPF Shrimohan Jagdishsingh (P.W.No.206) who have named him in their statements recorded on 1- 3-2002. According to him, there is no iota of evidence to connect the present appellants with the crime in question except the statements of above referred police personnel. It has been submitted that the appellants were arrested on 28-2-2002 but their names were not reflected in the FIR. He further submitted that there are two types of conspiracies in the present incident out of which, the present appellants were not shown as conspirators in the first part of conspiracy. According to him, the appellants can at the most be connected with the second CR.A/499/2004 11/21 JUDGMENT part of conspiracy and that too vis-a-vis the evidence of police personnel present at the time of incident and hence, the role of the appellants cannot be considered with the core group who have conspired the main offence. He further submitted that there are no other independence evidence connecting the appellants with the crime in question. Taking us through the above referred statements and other statements upon which reliance has been placed apart from the reasoned order passed by the court below, he submitted that the appellants are totally innocent but they have been involved in the crime in question only on the ground of they being from the minority community. In the above facts and circumstances, it is requested that the appellants may be enlarged on bail. 10. Learned Special P.P., Mr.J.M.Panchal, took us through the relevant statements of witnesses recorded under Secs.164 of the Code and CR.A/499/2004 12/21 JUDGMENT Sec.32 of the Act as regards the nature of conspiracy. He submitted that there was sufficient prima facie material to show that a watch was being kept for the arrival of the train as a part of conspiracy. Taking us through the relevant papers, he submitted that 7-8 containers of petrol of 20 litres each were brought in the previous night and stored at the Aman Guest House, which is very near to the place of the incident. To stop the train near “A” Cabin, i.e. the place convenient to attack from the nearby Signal Faliya and other localities, chain pulling was done in four compartments. The mob was instigated to carry on their attack by announcements from a nearby mosque. The movement of containers in which inflammable material was brought and the compartment was set on fire were seen by various witnesses. According to him, the gathering of such a huge mob and attacking with lethal CR.A/499/2004 13/21 JUDGMENT weapons by setting the compartment on fire with inflammable substances within minutes of halting the train would clearly establish the formation of an unlawful assembly and hatching of conspiracy to achieve the common object. Because of the incident, riots broke out in the city and the injured had to be looked after and inquest panchnama was to be drawn. Apart from that, several persons were taken in custody on the spot and in view of the magnitude of the incident, arrest panchnamas could not be drawn immediately but could be drawn later on in the evening and statements of the police personnel apprehending some of the accused on the spot were recorded on 1.3.2002. In view of the aforesaid, it cannot be said that the evidence appearing against the appellants is concocted. Lastly, after taking us through the relevant statements of witnesses who involved the appellants, he submitted that CR.A/499/2004 14/21 JUDGMENT the presence of the present appellants with their active role has been prima facie established on the spot along with lethal weapons. He further submitted that as the offence attracted the provisions of Section 120-B of IPC, it would be enough if the accused are present there. However, there are statements of prosecution witnesses regarding their involvement in the conspiracy part also. In addition to the above, there are statements of other eye witnesses recorded on 1-3-2002 namely, PSI, Shri M.J.Jhala (P.W.No.201), Police Constable Hirabhai Dolabhai (P.W.No.196), ASI, Indrasinh Prabhatsinh (P.W.No.195), RPF Ambrishkumar Shivaram regarding the involvement of the accused No.1 while the appellant accused No.2 is named by the Police Constable, Mahendrasinh Bhikhusinh (P.W.No.198) and RPF Shrimohan Jagdishsingh (P.W.No.206) in their statements recorded on CR.A/499/2004 15/21 JUDGMENT 1-3-2002. Generally there will not be any direct evidence as regards hatching of conspiracy is concerned. Here in this case, according to him, there are evidence on record to that effect also on the basis of documentary evidence and on the basis of statements recorded under Sec.164 of the Code or Sec.32 of the Act. In view of the above, it is requested that the appellants may not be released on bail. 11. The entire evidence shown to us by the learned counsel for the respective parties together with the well reasoned order of the court below pertaining to the case has been gone in detail by us. The submissions made by the learned counsel appearing for the respective parties were also considered by us. We would not be able to opine on the reliability or otherwise of the evidence on any argumentative grounds. According to us, statements recorded of the witnesses under CR.A/499/2004 16/21 JUDGMENT Section 164 of the Code and under Section 32 of the Act as well as other record prima facie indicate that substantial quantity of inflammable substance like petrol had been accumulated at a nearby place prior in point of time and immediately the train was halted by pulling chain at about 8.00 a.m. on 27-2-2002, S/6 compartment was set on fire with the same. It is clear from the statements that two meetings had taken place in the Aman Guest House, Signal Faliya, Godhra in the night of 26-2-2002 from where specific instruction of Maulvi Hussain Umarji for setting S/6 compartment of the Sabarmati Express coming from Ayodhya on fire was communicated by Haji Bilal and Faruk Bhana. The owner of the guest house and his accomplice were given the work of collecting petrol in the night of 26-2- 2002 itself and 140 litres of petrol were collected from a nearby petrol pump and kept CR.A/499/2004 17/21 JUDGMENT in Aman Guest House in the night of 26-2-2002 and as a part of conspiracy, the movement of train was verified from the Godhra Railway Station in the early hours of 27-2-2002. Soon after the first chain pulling was done at the platform immediately after the train started, the chain pulling was done simultaneously from various compartments. Thereafter, the petrol cans stored at Aman Guest House were taken in a goods rickshaw near the "A" cabin and the compartment was set on fire by putting burning rags inside the compartment and through broken windows by the miscreants. Some of the miscreants forcibly entered the compartment by cutting open the vestibule and poured the petrol there. None of the passengers were permitted to come out from the compartment by the miscreants by creating a terrorized atmosphere and also by beating them and pelting of stones. In order to CR.A/499/2004 18/21 JUDGMENT instigate the mob, provocative slogans were announced through the loudspeaker from a nearby mosque. As a consequence of the above referred incident, 59 persons were charred to death and 48 persons were seriously injured apart from causing damage to the railway properties. 12. From the aforesaid, it is prima facie established that there is sufficient material to indicate that conspiracy was hatched for attacking the compartment in which Kar Sevaks were travelling from Ayodhya and that inflammable material was collected on the previous night of 27-2-2002 in the Aman Guest House, which was very near to "A" cabin where the train was halted after simultaneous pulling of chain from four compartments and where a mob of 900 persons attacked the train and some of them set the S/6 compartment on fire by using petrol collected in the previous evening and the CR.A/499/2004 19/21 JUDGMENT whole conspiracy was successfully completed. All the aforesaid prima facie indicate that it was a well thought out plan for achieving the common object of committing the crime in question. 13. On an evaluation of the facts and circumstances narrated hereinabove, we are of the opinion that the role attributed to the appellants along with the weapons has been established from the prima facie evidence appearing on record. It is clear that the appellants were arrested on 28-2-2002 and were remanded to police custody. There is a recovery of iron rod from the appellant No.1 and wooden stick from the appellant No.2 and there is a recovery panchnama to that effect also. Moreover, presence of the appellant No.1 and his active role has been established from the statements dated 1-3-2002 of witnesses namely, PSI, Shri M.J.Jhala (P.W.No.201), Police Constable Hirabhai CR.A/499/2004 20/21 JUDGMENT Dolabhai (P.W.No.196), ASI, Indrasinh Prabhatsinh (P.W.No.195), RPF Ambrishkumar Shivaram whereas presence and active involvement of appellant No.2 is established from the statements dated 1-3-2002 of Police Constable, Mahendrasinh Bhikhusinh (P.W.No.198) and RPF Shrimohan Jagdishsingh (P.W.No.206). It is clear that the appellants were rounded up at the earliest with the lethal weapons carried by them. It is not their case that they were passengers travelling in the train. It is also not their case that they were part of the team which had gone to welcome those returning from Ayodhya. Further, it is not their case that they were there at the Railway Station for any social cause. However, it is clear from the evidence prima facie appearing on record that they were there as part of the unlawful assembly for fulfilling their common object hatched in the conspiracy. Hence, if the CR.A/499/2004 21/21 JUDGMENT appellants are released on bail, it is more likely that they may not be available for trial looking to the facts that case against the appellants has been prima facie established. We have also considered the impact on the witnesses and the society and also the punishment that might be awarded. We have also considered that some accused are still absconding and are to be apprehended. 14. In the entirety of the facts and circumstances narrated hereinabove, we are of the opinion that the impugned order passed by the learned Special Judge (POTA) is just and proper and no illegality has been committed warranting interference by this Court in this appeal. This appeal is therefore required to be rejected. 15. This appeal is hereby rejected. 16. Since the observations by this Court in this judgment are made for the purpose of deciding this appeal, the same may not prejudice the parties in trial. (R.P.DHOLAKIA,J.) (M.D.SHAH, J.) radhan/