IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM PRESENT : THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE KURIAN JOSEPH & THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE K.T.SANKARAN FRIDAY, THE 12TH DECEMBER 2008 / 21ST AGRAHAYANA 1930 WP(Crl.).No. 314 of 2008(S) PETITIONER: AMBILY AJITH, W/O. AJITHKUMAR, AGED 30 YEARS, KALLUKUNNEL HOUSE, NOORANMAVU KARA, ANICADU VILLAGE, MALLAPPALLY TALUK. BY ADV. SRI.T.P.PRADEEP RESPONDENTS: 1. STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY ADDITIONAL CHIEF SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, HOME AND VIGILANCE DEPARTMENT, GOVT. SECRETARIAT, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. 2. THE DISTRICT MAGISTRATE & DISTRICT COLLECTOR, COLLECTORATE, PATHANAMTHITTA. 3. SUPERINTENDENT OF CENTRAL PRISON, POOJAPPURA, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. 4. SUB INSPECTOR OF POLICE, KEEZHVAYPUR POLICE STATION, PATHANAMTHITTA. BY ADDITIONAL DGP SRI.K.K.RAVEENDRANATH THIS WRIT PETITION (CRIMINAL) HAVING BEEN FINALLY HEARD ON 28/11/2008, ALONG WITH WP(CRL) NO.316 OF 2008, THE COURT ON 12/12/2008 DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING: APPENDIX IN W.P.(CRL) NO.314 OF 2008 PETITIONER'S EXHIBITS: EXT.P1 TRUE COPY OF DETENTION NO.B3-20138(3)/08 DATED 19.6.2008 EXT.P2 TRUE COPY OF THE GROUNDS OF DETENTION DATED 19.6.2008. EXT.P3 TRUE COPY OF JUDGMENT IN W.P.(C) NO.23477/08 DATED 18.8.2008. EXT.P4(a) TRUE COPY OF THE RELEASING ORDER DATED 10.5.2007. EXT.P4(b) TRUE COPY OF THE RECEIPT DATED 10.05.2007. EXT.P5 TRUE COPY OF THE RECEIPT DATED 9.1.2008. EXT.P6 TRUE COPY OF THE CHARGE SHEET DATED 9.4.2008. EXT.P7(a) TRUE COPY OF THE FIR DATED 5.4.2008. EXT.P7(b) TRUE COPY OF THE ADDITIONAL REPORT DATED 12.4.2008. EXT.P8 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER DATED 21.5.2008 IN CRL.M.P.NO.2743/08. EXT.P9 TRUE COPY OF THE PETITION DATED 29.5.2008. EXT.P10 TRUE COPY OF THE JUDGMENT DATED 17.6.2008 IN W.P.(C) NO.17482/2008. EXT.P11 TRUE COPY OF THE ORDER NO.60499/SS.A5/2008/HOME DATED 14.8.2008. EXT.P12 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 2.8.2008. EXT.P13 TRUE COPY OF THE REPRESENTATION DATED 29.8.2008. EXT.P13(a) TRUE COPY OF THE POSTAL RECEIPT DATED 28.8.2008. RESPONDENTS' EXHIBITS: NIL //TRUE COPY// AHZ/ KURIAN JOSEPH & K.T.SANKARAN, JJ. ------------------------------------------------------------- W.P.(CRL) NOS. 314 & 316 OF 2008 ------------------------------------------------------------- Dated this the 12th December, 2008 JUDGMENT K.T.Sankaran, J. The question involved in these Writ Petitions is whether an order of detention passed under Section 3 of the Kerala Anti Social Activities (Prevention) Act, 2007 by an officer authorised under sub-section (2) of Section 3 is valid, if it is passed on the subjective satisfaction arrived at on the information received from the SHO of a police station. 2. Both these Writ Petitions are filed challenging the order of detention of Ajith Kumar alias Kuttan. W.P.(Crl.) No.314 of 2008 is filed by the wife of the detenue, while W.P.(Crl) No.316 of 2008 is filed by the mother of the detenue. 3. The District Magistrate, Pathanamthitta, who is an authorised officer under sub-section (2) of Section 3 of the Kerala Anti Social Activities (Prevention) Act, 2007 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act'), passed an order of detention dated 19.6.2008, under Section 3(1) of the Act on being satisfied that Ajith Kumar alias Kuttan is a “known goonda” and that his detention is necessary with a view to prevent him from indulging in anti social activities. The order of detention was executed W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 2 :: on 8.8.2008. The grounds of detention was served on the detenue along with the copies of the relevant documents. The Government approved the order of detention as per the order of approval dated 14.8.2008. It is stated that the Advisory Board has opined that there is sufficient cause to detain Ajith Kumar alias Kuttan. The representation submitted by the detenue was received by the Government on 1.9.2008 and the same was rejected on 4.9.2008. 4. It is stated in the grounds of detention that the detenue falls under the category of “known goonda” as defined under the Act. The details of the crimes in which the detenue was involved are stated in the grounds of detention as follows: “1) On 8-5-07 the respondent's Lorry bearing reg.No.KL7/c 2424 was seized by the Tahsildar Mallapally for illegal transportation of river sand. 2) On 8-11-07 the respondent's Lorry bearing reg.No.KL7/C 2424 was seized again by the Tahsildar Mallappally for illegal transportation of river sand. 3) Crime No.183/08 of Police Station Keezhvaipoor u/s 20 & 21 River Bank Protection and Sand Mining Act. The case is that on 8-4-08 the respondent and others were found illegally transporting river sand in the lorry bearing registration No.KL7/D-5220 which was taken into custody and produced before Keezhvaipoor Police Station. A charge sheet has been filed in this case before the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Thiruvalla. W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 3 :: 4) Crime N9.177/08 of Police Station Keezhvaipoor u/s 143, 147, 149, 447, 427 IPC. The case is that on 31- 3-08 the respondent and others destroyed the concrete pillars which have been built by Anicadu Grama Panchayath to prevent the entry of lorries into Hilraj kadavu. A charge sheet has been filed in this case before the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Thiruvalla.” 5. The grounds of detention further shows that the Superintendent of Police, Pathanamthitta filed a preliminary report before the authorised officer on 6.5.2008 regarding the activities of the detenue. F.I.R.No.216/08 dated 19.4.2008 of Keezhvaipoor Police Station was attached with the report of the Superintendent of Police. The grounds also state that “having evaluated the information available and the documents presented”, the authorised officer was convinced that Ajith Kumar alias Kuttan has to be detained under the Act. It is not stated in the grounds of detention that documents were forwarded to the authorised officer or which documents were forwarded. No list is also attached to the grounds of detention to show which are all the documents considered and relied upon by the detaining authority. 6. The opening paragraph of the order of detention reads as follows: “I have received credible information from the SHO of Police Station Keezhvaipur, vide his F.I.R.No.216/08 dated 19-4-08 through the Superintendent of Police, Pathanamthitta, against Sri.Ajith Kumar @ Kuttan, W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 4 :: s/o.Ramachandran aged 36, Kallukunnel Veedu, Anicadu Village, Pathanamthitta District.” The order of detention also states that “I have examined the report carefully”. 7. The learned counsel appearing for the petitioners submitted that the order of detention was passed on information received from SHO of the Police Station and that it would offend Section 3(1) of the Act. The counsel also submitted that the grounds of detention do not indicate that the relevant documents were forwarded to the detaining authority and he considered the same. Which documents were made available before the detaining authority is not clear from the grounds of detention. No list is also attached to the grounds to show as to which documents were considered by the detaining authority. The subjective satisfaction arrived at by the detaining authority was not based on a proper information as provided under the Act. Sri.K.K.Ravindranath, Additional Director General of Prosecution, submitted that the order of detention is legal and valid and that the order of detention would indicate that the authorised officer has considered the report of the Superintendent of Police and the information supplied therein before passing the order of detention under Section 3(1) of the Act. He also submitted that copies of the relevant documents were supplied to the detenue and he had acknowledged receipt of the same. W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 5 :: 8. It would appear that FIR.No.216/08 was registered by the Sub Inspector of Police, Keezhvaipoor. Copy of the FIR is produced as Ext.P5 in W.P.(Crl) No.316 of 2008. The FIR is registered under Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. In column 2 of the FIR, it is stated that it was under Section 3 of the KAAP Act. The FIR would also show that it was registered after report was submitted to the higher ups and after getting their sanction. It is not stated, to which officer it was sent. But the order of detention shows that the order was passed based on FIR No.216/2008. Therefore, it is clear that copy of the FIR was sent by the Sub Inspector of Police to the authorised officer. 9. Section 3(1) of the Act reads as follows: “3. Power to make orders for detaining Known Goondas and Known Rowdies:- (1) The Government or an Officer authorised under sub-section (2), may, if satisfied on information received from a Police Officer not below the rank of a Superintendent of Police with regard to the activities of any Known Goonda or Known Rowdy, that, with a view to prevent such person from committing any anti- social activity within the State of Kerala in any manner, it is necessary so to do, make an order directing that such person be detained.” (emphasis supplied) “Known goonda” and “known rowdy” are defined in Sections 2(o) and 2(p) of the Act. 10. Under Section 3, the subjective satisfaction of the detaining W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 6 :: authority shall be arrived at on information received from a Police Officer not below the rank of a Superintendent of Police. When the Act provides for a particular mode under which subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority should be arrived at, an order of detention without complying with the same cannot be sustained. The subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority is the most material thing on the basis of which an order of detention can be passed. The Act provides as to how the subjective satisfaction could be arrived at by the authorised officer. It is imperative that the subjective satisfaction should be arrived at only in the manner provided in Section 3. The subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority with regard to the activities of a “known goonda” or a “known rowdy” should be arrived at on the information received from a Police Officer not below the rank of a Superintendent of Police. If it is shown that the subjective satisfaction was arrived at not on the information received from a Police Officer of the rank mentioned in Section 3(1), necessarily, the order of detention is invalid. A person could be detained for a period not exceeding six months from the date of detention as provided in the Act. Such an order of detention is preventive in nature. It is not based on any conviction and sentence. The order of detention is only based on the subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority that with a view to prevent a “known goonda” or a “known rowdy” from committing any anti-social activity within the State of Kerala in any manner, it is necessary to make W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 7 :: an order directing that such person be detained. If the detenue challenges the order of detention, it should be established that the subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority was arrived at in the manner provided in the Act. The opening sentence in the order of detention shows that the subjective satisfaction was arrived at by the detaining authority on the “credible information from the SHO of Police Station, Keezhvaipoor, vide his FIR No.216/08 dated 19.4.2008”. The order of detention also would indicate that the FIR was sent to the Superintendent of Police and that a report was also available. The order does not indicate that the Superintendent of Police had submitted a report. But it is stated that the report was examined carefully. The grounds of detention states that the Superintendent of Police, Pathanamthitta had filed a preliminary report dated 6.5.2008 regarding the activities of the detenue and that FIR No.216/08 was attached with the report of the Superintendent of Police. The grounds of detention cannot be solely relied on by the respondents to substantiate that the subjective satisfaction of the detaining authority was arrived at on the basis of the report submitted by the Superintendent of Police. The order of detention would indicate that the subjective satisfaction was arrived at on the basis of the “credible information” from the SHO of the Police Station, Keezhvaipoor. An order of detention cannot be justified by relying on the statement made in the grounds of detention, if the order of detention W.P.(CRL). NOS.314 AND 316 OF 2008 :: 8 :: shows a state of affairs contrary to what is stated in the grounds of detention. We find that the subjective satisfaction arrived at by the detaining authority as evidenced by the order of detention was contrary to the requirement under Section 3(1) of the Act. The order of detention is, therefore, liable to be quashed. 11. In view of the aforesaid finding, we do not think it necessary to decide the other contentions raised by the petitioner. 12. The order of detention No.B3-20138(3)/08 dated 19.6.2008 passed by the District Magistrate, Pathanamthitta is quashed. The detenue, Ajith Kumar alias Kuttan, shall be released forthwith, if his detention is not required in any other case. The Writ Petitions are allowed as above. (KURIAN JOSEPH) Judge (K.T.SANKARAN) Judge ahz/