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Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Salem",
"Denver",
"Milwaukee",
"Portland"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"North America",
"Africa",
"Asia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Identify oceans and continents | A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth. | This continent is Asia. | ||
Which bird's beak is also adapted to catch insects? | [
"hanging parrot",
"sand martin"
] | 1 | s eat insects and other small invertebrates. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to catch insects.
Figure: European nightjar. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the European nightjar.
A short, thin beak is light and easy to move. The European nightjar uses its beak to grab fast-moving insects while flying.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The sand martin has a short, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to catch insects.
T... | |
What is the capital of New Hampshire? | [
"Boston",
"Manchester",
"Des Moines",
"Concord"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Concord is the capital of New Hampshire. | |||
Which of these continents does the equator intersect? | [
"North America",
"Africa",
"Europe"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect Europe or North America. | ||
Select the organism in the same genus as the axolotl. | [
"Python reticulatus",
"Tigrisoma mexicanum",
"Ambystoma opacum"
] | 2 | This organism is an axolotl. Its scientific name is Ambystoma mexicanum. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | An axolotl's scientific name is Ambystoma mexicanum. The first word of its scientific name is Ambystoma.
Python reticulatus is in the genus Python. The first word of its scientific name is Python. So, Python reticulatus and Ambystoma mexicanum are not in the same genus.
Ambystoma opacum is in the genus Ambystoma. The f... | |
Select the reptile below. | [
"clownfish",
"helmeted iguana"
] | 1 | Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land. A coral snake is an example of a reptile. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A clownfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Clownfish live with animals called anemones. In the image of the clownfish, you can see the green anemone behind the clownfish.
A helmeted iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Palau",
"Papua New Guinea",
"the Marshall Islands",
"the Federated States of Micronesia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Federated States of Micronesia. | |||
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each vial",
"each vial . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 | Scientists in a laboratory were working with insulin, a protein often used to treat diabetes. They left two identical vials of insulin in different places. This table shows how the temperature of each vial changed over 15minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each vial increased, which means that the thermal energy of each vial increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each vial. | |
What type of rock is shale? | [
"sedimentary",
"igneous"
] | 0 | Shale is a type of rock. It forms when layers of mud are pressed together to form rock. Shale is often found near underground deposits of fossil fuels such as oil. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is chang... | Shale is a sedimentary rock. Like other sedimentary rocks, it forms from layers of sediment.
Mud is a type of sediment. It is found in places like lakes and oceans. Sediments like mud usually build up in layers. Over time, the top layers press down on the bottom layers. Sedimentary rock can form when the bottom layers ... | |
What can Shivani and Austin trade to each get what they want? | [
"Austin can trade his almonds for Shivani's tomatoes.",
"Shivani can trade her tomatoes for Austin's broccoli.",
"Austin can trade his broccoli for Shivani's oranges.",
"Shivani can trade her tomatoes for Austin's carrots."
] | 1 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Shivani and Austin open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Shivani nor Austin got everything that they wanted. Th... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Shivani wants broccoli. Austin wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Is an icicle a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid",
"a gas"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | An icicle is a solid. An icicle can melt. But when an icicle is frozen, it has a size and shape of its own. | ||
Which property matches this object? | [
"transparent",
"bouncy"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The glass bottle is not bouncy.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. The glass bottle is transparent. | |
What is the direction of this pull? | [
"away from the sled dog team",
"toward the sled dog team"
] | 1 | A sled dog team moves a sled across the snow. The team uses a force to pull the sled forward. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify directions of forces | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The dogs pull the sled. The direction of the pull is toward the sled dog team. | |
Which of these cities is marked on the map? | [
"Los Angeles",
"Chicago",
"San Francisco",
"Denver"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Cities | Major U.S. cities | The city is San Francisco, California. Los Angeles, Denver, and Chicago are marked with gray circles on the map below. | |||
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Jupiter's volume is more than 10,000 times as large as the volume of Mars. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 10,000 times the volume of Mars.
Then compare the result to the volume of Jupiter. Jupiter's volume is 1.43 x 10^15 km^3, which is less than 1.63 x 10^15 km^3. So, Jupiter's volume is less than 10,000 times as large as the volume of Mars. | |
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"North America",
"Africa",
"Asia",
"South America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Oceans and continents | Identify oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Africa. | ||
Identify the question that Jaden and Ron's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do ping pong balls travel farther when launched from a 30° angle compared to a 45° angle?",
"Do ping pong balls stop rolling along the ground sooner after being launched from a 30° angle or a 45° angle?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Jaden placed a ping pong ball in a catapult, pulled the catapult's arm back to a 45° angle, and launched the ball. Then, Jaden launched another ping pong ball, this time pulling the catapult's arm back to a 30° angle. W... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"flexible",
"transparent",
"opaque"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. None of the objects are opaque.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The glass and the glass flask are not flexible.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. All three ... | |
Which better describes the Serengeti National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has a rainy season and a dry season. It also has long, cold winters.",
"It has warm summers and warm winters. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Serengeti National Park.
Serengeti National Park is a savanna grassland ecosystem in Tanzania, a country in eastern Africa. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A savanna grassland is a type of ecosystem. Savanna grasslands have the following features: warm summers and warm winters, a rainy season and a dry season, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, Serengeti National Park has warm summers and warm winters. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Solomon Islands",
"Tonga",
"Fiji",
"Vanuatu"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Fiji. | |||
Which better describes the Cape Breton Highlands National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has short, cool summers. It also has soil that is rich in nutrients.",
"It has many evergreen trees. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Cape Breton Highlands National Park.
Cape Breton Highlands National Park is a taiga ecosystem in eastern Canada. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A taiga is a type of ecosystem. Taigas have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cool summers, many evergreen trees, and soil that is poor in nutrients. So, Cape Breton Highlands National Park has many evergreen trees. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients. | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Florida",
"Virginia",
"Vermont",
"West Virginia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Virginia.
The Virginia Colony included land that would later become part of the state of West Virginia. West Virginia was never its own colony. | |||
Which animal's legs are also adapted for wading? | [
"kookaburra",
"Eurasian spoonbill"
] | 1 | Flamingos live near marshes, rivers, and oceans. They eat small crustaceans that live in shallow water. Flamingos get their food by walking through water, or wading.
The 's legs are adapted for wading. They are lightweight and keep the bird's body above the water.
Figure: flamingo. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the flamingo.
Long legs help the flamingo keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Eurasian spoonbill has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapted for wadi... | |
What is the capital of Tennessee? | [
"Honolulu",
"Nashville",
"Little Rock",
"Memphis"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Nashville is the capital of Tennessee. | |||
What can Austin and Colin trade to each get what they want? | [
"Colin can trade his broccoli for Austin's oranges.",
"Colin can trade his almonds for Austin's tomatoes.",
"Austin can trade his tomatoes for Colin's carrots.",
"Austin can trade his tomatoes for Colin's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Austin and Colin open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Austin nor Colin got everything that they wanted. The ta... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Austin wants broccoli. Colin wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Phoenix",
"Juneau",
"Helena",
"Salt Lake City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Complete the statement.
Hydrogen peroxide is (). | [
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 0 | The model below represents a molecule of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide can be used to kill bacteria on medical tools. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using models | All substances are made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some element... | Count the number of chemical elements represented in the model. Then, decide if hydrogen peroxide is an elementary substance or a compound.
In this model, each ball is labeled with H for hydrogen or O for oxygen. So, the model shows you that hydrogen peroxide is made of two chemical elements bonded together.
Substances... | |
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Omaha",
"Montpelier",
"Boston",
"Burlington"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
What is the capital of Washington? | [
"Orlando",
"Spokane",
"Seattle",
"Olympia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Olympia is the capital of Washington. | |||
Which statement describes the Yasuni National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has mostly small plants.",
"It has soil that is poor in nutrients.",
"It has soil that is rich in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Yasuni National Park.
The Amazon rain forest in South America is the largest rain forest ecosystem in the world. Ecuador's Yasuni National Park, which is in the Amazon rain forest, has many different species of plants, birds, and mammals. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the following statement describes the Yasuni National Park ecosystem: year-round rain and warm temperatures,... | |
Which animal's limbs are also adapted for climbing trees? | [
"okapi",
"Sumatran orangutan"
] | 1 | Chimpanzees live in the forests of Central Africa. Their limbs are adapted for climbing trees.
Figure: chimpanzee. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the chimpanzee.
The chimpanzee uses its long limbs to reach branches while climbing. It uses its fingers and toes to grab the branches.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Sumatran orangutan has long limbs with fingers and toes. Its limbs are adapted for... | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the European nightjar. | [
"Caprimulgus macrurus",
"Ulex europaeus",
"Acanthaster planci"
] | 0 | This organism is a European nightjar. Its scientific name is Caprimulgus europaeus. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A European nightjar's scientific name is Caprimulgus europaeus. The first word of its scientific name is Caprimulgus.
Ulex europaeus and Caprimulgus europaeus are not in the same genus.
These organisms are not in the same genus, but part of their scientific names is the same. Ulex europaeus and Caprimulgus europaeus ha... | |
What is the direction of this pull? | [
"away from the magnet",
"toward the magnet"
] | 1 | A horseshoe magnet attracts paper clips with a magnetic force. This magnetic force pulls the paper clips upward so they do not fall. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify directions of forces | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The magnet pulls the paper clips upward. The direction of the pull is toward the magnet. | |
Which of the following could Stanley's test show? | [
"if the sample fabric would absorb one drop of water in less than one second",
"how long it would take the sample fabric to dry after it absorbed one drop of water",
"how much athletes would sweat in the fabric"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
What is the capital of North Carolina? | [
"Concord",
"Raleigh",
"Jefferson City",
"Charlotte"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Raleigh is the capital of North Carolina. | |||
What can Bella and Darnell trade to each get what they want? | [
"Darnell can trade his broccoli for Bella's oranges.",
"Darnell can trade his almonds for Bella's tomatoes.",
"Bella can trade her tomatoes for Darnell's carrots.",
"Bella can trade her tomatoes for Darnell's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Bella and Darnell open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Bella nor Darnell got everything that they wanted. The ... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Bella wants broccoli. Darnell wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
What can Greta and Allie trade to each get what they want? | [
"Greta can trade her tomatoes for Allie's sandwich.",
"Allie can trade her broccoli for Greta's oranges.",
"Allie can trade her almonds for Greta's tomatoes.",
"Greta can trade her tomatoes for Allie's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Greta and Allie open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Greta wanted br... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Greta wanted broccoli in her lunch and Allie was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Greta has tomatoes. Allie has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"Georgia",
"North Dakota",
"Oklahoma",
"Louisiana"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Georgia is farthest east. | ||
Which of the following could Caden's test show? | [
"how well the weather station would work when it was windy",
"if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50°C"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Which statement is true about the average monthly precipitation in Nairobi? | [
"Nairobi gets about the same amount of precipitation each month.",
"More precipitation falls in April than in August.",
"February is the wettest month of the year."
] | 1 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data.
A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average. | To describe the average precipitation trends in Nairobi, look at the graph.
Choice "Feb" is incorrect.
Choice "Apr" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "More precipitation falls in April than in August." is incorrect.
April has a higher average monthly precipitation than August.
Choice "Nairobi gets about t... | |
Which of the following was a dependent variable in this experiment? | [
"the watering method used",
"the change in weight for each plant"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.
Audrey had four air plants on her desk that were not growing. She suspected that they needed more water. Audrey's sister recommended soaking the air plants in a bowl of water once a week. Audrey's coworker rec... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify independent and dependent variables | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato... | ||
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"Delaware",
"Idaho",
"Georgia",
"Arkansas"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Idaho is farthest west. | ||
Select the organism in the same species as the American alligator. | [
"Alligator sinensis",
"Alligator mississippiensis",
"Aequorea victoria"
] | 1 | This organism is an American alligator. Its scientific name is Alligator mississippiensis. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | An American alligator's scientific name is Alligator mississippiensis.
Aequorea victoria does not have the same scientific name as an American alligator. So, Alligator mississippiensis and Aequorea victoria are not in the same species.
Alligator mississippiensis is in the same genus as Alligator sinensis, but they are ... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A mus... | |
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"stretchy",
"rough",
"bouncy"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. All three objects are rough.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. The rock and the tree bark are not stretchy.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The tree bar... | |
What is the capital of Hawaii? | [
"Lincoln",
"Honolulu",
"Hilo",
"Juneau"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii. | |||
Which better describes the Pantanal ecosystem? | [
"It has soil that is poor in nutrients. It also has only a few types of organisms.",
"It has land that is covered with water during most of the year. It also has soil that is rich in nutrients."
] | 1 | Figure: Pantanal.
The Pantanal is a wetland ecosystem located mostly in Brazil. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there | A wetland is a type of ecosystem. Wetlands have the following features: land that is covered with water during most of the year, soil that is rich in nutrients, and other water ecosystems nearby. So, the Pantanal has land that is covered with water during most of the year. It also has soil that is rich in nutrients. | |
What is the probability that a Labrador retriever produced by this cross will have brown fur? | [
"4/4",
"2/4",
"0/4",
"3/4",
"1/4"
] | 2 | In a group of Labrador retrievers, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele for black fur (F) is dominant over the allele for brown fur (f).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two Labrador retrievers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | ||
Which animal's feet are also adapted for swimming? | [
"European beaver",
"sable"
] | 0 | Black-bellied whistling ducks live near lakes and streams in North America. They find most of their food in shallow water. The feet of the are adapted for swimming.
Figure: black-bellied whistling duck. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the black-bellied whistling duck.
The black-bellied whistling duck has webbed feet. Its feet are adapted for swimming. As it swims, the black-bellied whistling duck uses its webbed feet to push itself through water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Eu... | |
Select the mammal below. | [
"rabbit",
"red-eyed tree frog"
] | 0 | Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk. A kangaroo is an example of a mammal. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
A rabbit is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. | |
Select the organism in the same species as the Eurasian beaver. | [
"Castor fiber",
"Ovis canadensis",
"Lontra canadensis"
] | 0 | This organism is a Eurasian beaver. Its scientific name is Castor fiber. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Eurasian beaver's scientific name is Castor fiber.
Ovis canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a Eurasian beaver. So, Castor fiber and Ovis canadensis are not in the same species.
Lontra canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a Eurasian beaver. So, Castor fiber and Lontra canadensis are no... | |
In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the mushroom? | [
"brown lemming",
"bilberry"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from a tundra ecosystem in Nunavut, a territory in Northern Canada.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Interpret food webs II | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the mushroom.There is one path matter can take from the bilberry to the mushroom: bilberry->grizzly bear->mushroom. There is one path matter can take from the grizzly bear to the mushroom: grizzly be... | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to crack large, hard nuts? | [
"bald ibis",
"scarlet macaw"
] | 1 | s eat large seeds and nuts. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to crack open large, hard nuts.
Figure: Alexandrine parakeet. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the Alexandrine parakeet.
The Alexandrine parakeet has a thick hooked beak. Its beak is adapted to crack large, hard nuts. The Alexandrine parakeet uses its thick beak to crack the shell of a nut by squeezing it. The hooked shape of the beak can help the bird hold the nut in place while cracking ... | |
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Helena",
"Phoenix",
"Tucson",
"Honolulu"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
... | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the North American beaver. | [
"Castor canadensis",
"Ovis canadensis",
"Strix varia"
] | 0 | This organism is a North American beaver. Its scientific name is Castor canadensis. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A North American beaver's scientific name is Castor canadensis. The first word of its scientific name is Castor.
This organism and the North American beaver are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Castor canadensis.
Strix varia is in the genus Strix. The first word of i... | |
What is the capital of Arkansas? | [
"Columbia",
"Austin",
"Fayetteville",
"Little Rock"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas. | |||
Which of these cities is marked on the map? | [
"San Antonio",
"Chicago",
"San Francisco",
"New York City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Cities | Major U.S. cities | The city is San Antonio, Texas. Chicago, New York City, and San Francisco are marked with gray circles on the map below. | |||
Which state is highlighted? | [
"Vermont",
"Connecticut",
"Maine",
"New Hampshire"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | States | Identify states of the Northeast | This state is New Hampshire. | |||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average ... | |
Which of the following could Kenji's test show? | [
"if the spacecraft was damaged when using a parachute with a 1 m vent going 200 km per hour",
"how steady a parachute with a 1 m vent was at 200 km per hour",
"whether a parachute with a 1 m vent would swing too much at 400 km per hour"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"soft",
"flexible",
"slippery"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. All three objects are slippery.
A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The wet ice cube is not flexible.
A soft object changes shape when pressed or squeezed. The butter is... | |
What is the capital of Utah? | [
"Salt Lake City",
"Nashville",
"Boston",
"Salem"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Salt Lake City is the capital of Utah. | |||
Which property matches this object? | [
"bendable",
"bouncy"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The soccer shorts are not bouncy.
A bendable object can be bent without breaking. The soccer shorts are bendable. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Based on the arrows, which of the following living things is an omnivore? | [
"kelp bass",
"zooplankton"
] | 0 | Below is a food web from an ocean ecosystem. The ecosystem is in Monterey Bay, off the coast of California.
A food web is a model that shows how the matter eaten by living things moves through an ecosystem. The arrows show how matter moves through the food web. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs | A food web is a model.
Models can make things in nature easier to understand. Models can be simpler than the things they represent. A food web is a model that shows where living things in an ecosystem get their food. If a food web showed every living thing in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, ... | Omnivores are consumers that eat both producers and other consumers. So, an omnivore has arrows pointing to it from at least one producer and at least one consumer.
The zooplankton has only one arrow pointing to it. This arrow starts from the phytoplankton. So, the zooplankton is a consumer but not an omnivore.
The kel... | |
What is the expected ratio of offspring with a normal-sized body to offspring with a dwarf body? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"1:3",
"4:0",
"0:4",
"2:2",
"3:1"
] | 1 | In a group of rats, some individuals have a normal-sized body and others have a dwarf body. In this group, the gene for the body size trait has two alleles. The allele for a dwarf body (b) is recessive to the allele for a normal-sized body (B).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two rats. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a normal-sized body or a dwarf body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body size trait. The question tells you that the b allele, which is for a dwarf body, is recessive to the B allele, which i... | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"Solution A",
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the green tree frog. | [
"Ardea cinerea",
"Strix aluco",
"Hyla cinerea"
] | 2 | This organism is a green tree frog. Its scientific name is Hyla cinerea. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A green tree frog's scientific name is Hyla cinerea. The first word of its scientific name is Hyla.
This organism and the green tree frog are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Hyla cinerea.
Ardea cinerea and Hyla cinerea are not in the same genus.
These organisms are ... | |
In this experiment, which were part of a control group? | [
"the uncovered side mirrors",
"the covered side mirrors"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment.
On winter mornings, Lucia had to scrape the ice off of the windshield and side mirrors of her car. Her friend told her that she should cover her side mirrors with plastic bags overnight to stop ice from forming.
One winter night, Lucia secured a plastic bag over one of the si... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify control and experimental groups | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to investigate whether changing a variable between different groups has a specific outcome.
For example, imagine you want to find out whether adding fertilizer to soil affects the height of pea plants. You could investigate this question wit... | In this experiment, Lucia investigated whether covering side mirrors with plastic bags affects how much ice forms on the mirrors. There were no bags on the uncovered side mirrors. So, they were part of a control group. | |
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each bottle",
"each bottle . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 | Two bottles of soda were sitting on a porch on a hot day. The two bottles were identical, except that one bottle was made of brown glass and one bottle was made of clear glass. This table shows how the temperature of each bottle changed over 25minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each bottle increased, which means that the thermal energy of each bottle increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each bottle. | |
What is the capital of West Virginia? | [
"Huntington",
"Oklahoma City",
"Charleston",
"Buffalo"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Charleston is the capital of West Virginia. | |||
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Pacific Ocean. | ||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Australia",
"Asia",
"Africa",
"North America"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Africa. | ||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Pennsylvania",
"Connecticut",
"Massachusetts",
"Wisconsin"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Massachusetts.
The Massachusetts Colony included land that would later become the state of Maine. Maine was never its own colony. | |||
What is the capital of California? | [
"Los Angeles",
"Sacramento",
"San Francisco",
"Nampa"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Sacramento is the capital of California. | |||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Saint Lucia",
"Barbados",
"Grenada"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. | |||
What can Ernesto and Lucia trade to each get what they want? | [
"Ernesto can trade his tomatoes for Lucia's sandwich.",
"Ernesto can trade his tomatoes for Lucia's broccoli.",
"Lucia can trade her almonds for Ernesto's tomatoes.",
"Lucia can trade her broccoli for Ernesto's oranges."
] | 1 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Ernesto and Lucia open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Ernesto wante... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Ernesto wanted broccoli in his lunch and Lucia was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Ernesto has tomatoes. Lucia has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Which type of relationship is formed when a bristle worm lives on a white sea urchin? | [
"mutualistic",
"commensal",
"parasitic"
] | 1 | Read the passage. Then answer the question.
White sea urchins live in tropical oceans. Sea urchins are covered with hard, sharp spines. These spear-like spines protect the sea urchin from predators, such as fish. Sometimes a small worm, called a bristle worm, also uses the spines for protection.
The worm lives on the ... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Classify symbiotic relationships | When two organisms of different species interact in a way that affects one or both organisms, they form a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together. Scientists define types of symbiotic relationships based on how each organism is affected.
This table lists three commo... | When a bristle worm lives on a white sea urchin, the worm is protected from predators by the sea urchin's sharp spines. So, the worm benefits from its relationship with the sea urchin.
The sea urchin's ability to survive does not change when a worm lives on it. So, the sea urchin is not significantly affected by its re... | |
What can Austen and Naomi trade to each get what they want? | [
"Naomi can trade her broccoli for Austen's oranges.",
"Austen can trade his tomatoes for Naomi's broccoli.",
"Austen can trade his tomatoes for Naomi's sandwich.",
"Naomi can trade her almonds for Austen's tomatoes."
] | 1 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Austen and Naomi open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Austen wanted ... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Austen wanted broccoli in his lunch and Naomi was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Austen has tomatoes. Naomi has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Select the reptile below. | [
"California toad",
"Hermann's tortoise"
] | 1 | Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land. An American alligator is an example of a reptile. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A California toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Toads do not have teeth! They swallow their food whole.
A Hermann's tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
A tortoise's shell protects it from predators. When a tortoise feels threatened, it can pull its head and legs insi... | |
Which animal's feet are also adapted for grabbing prey? | [
"Malayan tapir",
"common buzzard"
] | 1 | Golden eagles eat fish, mammals, and other birds. The 's feet are adapted to grab prey.
Figure: golden eagle. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the golden eagle.
The golden eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the golden eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Which material is this door made of? | [
"wood",
"cardboard"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the door.
This door is made of two different materials. The body of the door is made of wood. The door knob is made of metal.
Not all doors are made of wood. The body of a door can be made of metal or even glass. | ||
What can Clara and Harry trade to each get what they want? | [
"Harry can trade his almonds for Clara's tomatoes.",
"Clara can trade her tomatoes for Harry's carrots.",
"Harry can trade his broccoli for Clara's oranges.",
"Clara can trade her tomatoes for Harry's broccoli."
] | 3 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Clara and Harry open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Clara nor Harry got everything that they wanted. The tabl... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Clara wants broccoli. Harry wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
A baby blue whale is as big as (). | [
"an adult whale",
"a car",
"two buses"
] | 1 | Read the first part of the passage about blue whales.
A blue whale is big. It is the biggest animal in the world.
When a blue whale is a new baby, it is as big as a car. When it is older, it is even bigger. It is as long as two school buses put together.
Complete the sentence. | closed choice | grade1 | language science | reading-comprehension | Read-alone texts | Read passages about animals | The passage says a blue whale is big. The passage says that when a blue whale is a new baby, it is as big as a car. | ||
Which of the following was a dependent variable in this experiment? | [
"the number of bacteria in a drop of tea",
"the amount of time that the tea sat on the desk"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.
Every day at work, Valentina poured a large cup of tea that she drank throughout the morning. She wondered how much bacteria might be growing in her cup of tea as the morning went on.
To find out, Valentina fi... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify independent and dependent variables | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato... | ||
Which of these cities is marked on the map? | [
"New York City",
"Washington, D.C.",
"Philadelphia",
"Boston"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Cities | Cities of the Northeast | The city is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. New York City, Boston, and Washington, D.C., are marked with gray circles on the map below. | |||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
What can Ethan and Irma trade to each get what they want? | [
"Ethan can trade his tomatoes for Irma's sandwich.",
"Irma can trade her almonds for Ethan's tomatoes.",
"Ethan can trade his tomatoes for Irma's broccoli.",
"Irma can trade her broccoli for Ethan's oranges."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Ethan and Irma open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Ethan wanted bro... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Ethan wanted broccoli in his lunch and Irma was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Ethan has tomatoes. Irma has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A mus... | |
Identify the question that Elena's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do radishes grown under bright light get bigger than radishes grown under dim light?",
"Do radish plants grown under bright light have more leaves than radish plants grown under dim light?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Elena planted 20 radish plants in a greenhouse, putting each plant in its own pot. She placed ten of the pots under bright light and the other ten pots under dim light. Elena watered all the plants twice a day. After tw... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which property matches this object? | [
"sour",
"bumpy"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A lemon has a sour taste. The popcorn is not sour.
A bumpy object is covered in lumps and bumps. The popcorn is bumpy. | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the European hedgehog. | [
"Erinaceus europaeus",
"Equus zebra",
"Caprimulgus europaeus"
] | 0 | This organism is a European hedgehog. Its scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A European hedgehog's scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus. The first word of its scientific name is Erinaceus.
Caprimulgus europaeus and Erinaceus europaeus are not in the same genus.
These organisms are not in the same genus, but part of their scientific names is the same. Caprimulgus europaeus and Erinaceus europa... | |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert? | [
"horned viper",
"blue poison dart frog"
] | 0 | Bearded dragons are lizards that live in the deserts of Australia. The is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.
Figure: bearded dragon. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the bearded dragon.
The bearded dragon has a sand-colored body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The horned viper has sand-colored scales covering its body. It is ad... | |
What is the capital of Alabama? | [
"Tallahassee",
"Frankfort",
"Montgomery",
"Birmingham"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Montgomery is the capital of Alabama. | |||
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"smooth",
"rough"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. Both objects are rough.
A smooth object is not scratchy or rough. Neither of the objects are smooth.
The property that both objects have in common is rough. |
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