A vision-language model read each image together with its QA and judged the item. The pass is not a filter that only removes rows — it rewrites answers it finds wrong but salvageable, drops what it cannot salvage, and adds QA where the image supports more than the source provided. Each row carries the judge's own record in clean_meta, including the cleaner identity, the policy it applied, and its per-item scores for legibility, richness and coverage.

A large share of the QA here was written by the cleaning pass, not by the original dataset. Across the pool that share runs from roughly half to over 80% of a family's turns, and it is reported in the table above. Those rows have an empty org_answer because no pre-clean original exists. Treat them as model-generated supervision: they were judged against the image, but they are not human annotation, and model-written QA is where formatting defects are most likely.

The effect on the answers that were carried over is substantive rather than cosmetic. In this pool the pass corrects values, not just wording — a curve's critical point restated from 4.00 to 2.00, a computed ratio from 1 to Approximately 1.33 — and for some families it removed the content entirely, which is why those families are absent here rather than published empty.

`answer` vs `org_answer`

answer — the cleaned answer. Train on this.
org_answer — the pre-cleaning answer from the same (image, question) in the uncleaned pool. It is empty for QA the cleaning pass added, which have no original.

Where the two differ, the difference is the correction. Keeping both makes every edit auditable instead of asking you to take the cleaning on trust.

Schema

image — HF Image(), renders directly in the dataset viewer
image_sha256 — content hash of the image
n_qa — number of turns attached to this image
qa — list of {question, answer, org_answer}, in source order
family / clean_meta — provenance and the judge's per-row record

A row with more than one entry in qa is a conversation over a single image, not a set of independent questions — the turns depend on each other and the image belongs to all of them. Keep them together and in order when training.

Parquet row groups are written at ~32 MB so the dataset viewer pages without stalling.

What is NOT claimed

No rejection sampling was run against this family: there is no accept/reject verdict per row, and answer is the cleaned reference rather than a model generation that a string verifier confirmed. For that, use the *_RS_think / *_rejected datasets in elliot-mllm.

Examples

10 rows taken straight from this dataset. Images are the original files as stored here - no downscaling, no recompression - and every turn is shown in full.

Example 1 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 8-3-89 2. MINDEN CITY 3. Mi 4. 48456
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the text at the bottom of the form regarding the purpose of the sample?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	How is the NAME field handled in this form?	It is redacted with a solid black box.

Example 2 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 8/2/89 2. Toledo 3. Ohio 4. 43607
2	What is the title printed at the top of the document?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What text appears below the form fields explaining the purpose of the sample?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	Which field label is visible but has its content covered by a black redaction box?	NAME

Example 3 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 08-04-89 2. Columbus 3. Ga. 4. 31909
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	How is the 'NAME' field presented in the image?	It is obscured by a solid black rectangle.
4	What is the purpose of the handwriting sample according to the text at the bottom?	It is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers.

Example 4 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. None 2. None 3. None 4. None
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the full sentence written at the bottom of the form?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	How is the 'NAME' field presented in this image?	It is obscured by a solid black rectangle.

Example 5 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 08-09-89 2. EL CATON 3. CA 4. 92021
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the text at the bottom of the form explaining the purpose of the sample?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers.
4	How is the 'NAME' field presented in the image?	It is redacted with a solid black box.

Example 6 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 8-8-89 2. REDONDO BEACH 3. CA. 4. 90277
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the text printed at the bottom of the form explaining its purpose?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	What is the status of the 'NAME' field on the form?	It is completely blacked out or redacted.

Example 7 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 08/06/89 2. New Port Richey 3. FL. 4. 34655
2	What is the title printed at the very top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the full text written at the bottom of the form explaining its purpose?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	How is the 'NAME' field presented in this image?	It is obscured by a solid black redaction box.

Example 8 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 08-08-89 2. MIAMI 3. FL 4. 33056
2	What is the title printed at the top of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the full text written at the bottom of the form?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	Is the name visible in the form?	No, the name field is obscured by a black redaction box.

Example 9 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 8/11/89 2. WEST HILLS 3. CA 4. 91304
2	What is the title printed at the top of the document?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What is the status of the field labeled 'NAME'?	It is redacted with a solid black box.
4	What text appears at the bottom of the form?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of handw

Example 10 — 4 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	Please answer the following questions about this form: 1. What is the date written on this form? 2. Which city is mentioned in this form? 3. What is the state written on this form? 4. What is the ZIP code shown in this form?	1. 8-8-89 2. KINGSPORT 3. TN. 4. 37660
2	What is the title printed at the top center of the form?	HANDWRITING SAMPLE FORM
3	What text is printed below the form fields?	This sample of handwriting is being collected for use in testing computer recognition of hand printed numbers
4	Which field label is obscured by a black redaction box?	NAME

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Total file size:

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handwriting_forms_cleaned

How this was cleaned

answer vs org_answer