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[ "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.91, "text": "the winner was an American student. In 2009, the prize went to Mor Tzaban, a high school student from Netivot, Israel. In 2012, the first prize winner was another Israeli teenager, Yuval Katzenelson of Kiryat Gat, who presented a paper entitled \"\"Kinetic energy of inert gas in a regenerative system of activated carbon.\"\" The Israeli delegation won 14 more prizes in the competition: 9 Israelis students won second prize, one won third prize and one won fourth prize. First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics The First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics is an annual international competition in research", "title": "First Step to Nobel Prize in Physics" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.73, "text": "in 1929 with Christiaan Eijkman, for discovering the growth-stimulating vitamins. Martin Ryle shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 with Cornishman Antony Hewish, the first Nobel prize awarded in recognition of astronomical research. While working at the University of Sussex, Harold Kroto won the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard Smalley and Robert Curl from Rice University in the USA for the discovery of fullerenes. David Mumford is a mathematician known for distinguished work in algebraic geometry and then for research into vision and pattern theory. He won the International Mathematical Union's Fields Medal in 1974 and in", "title": "Sussex" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.42, "text": "theoretical physics and head of the Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Munich. There were three names on the list: Werner Heisenberg, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932, Peter Debye, who would receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936, and Richard Becker - all former students of Sommerfeld. The Munich Faculty was firmly behind these candidates, with Heisenberg as their first choice. However, supporters of \"\"deutsche Physik\"\" and elements in the REM had their own list of candidates and the battle commenced, dragging on for over four years. During this time, Heisenberg came under", "title": "Johannes Juilfs" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.33, "text": "was also awarded the Abel prize. In addition, eight \"\"normaliens\"\" have gone on to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics: Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Albert Fert, Alfred Kastler, Gabriel Lippmann, Louis Néel, Jean Baptiste Perrin and Serge Haroche, while other ENS physicists include such major figures as Paul Langevin, famous for developing Langevin dynamics and the Langevin equation. Alumnus Paul Sabatier won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. A ranking of universities worldwide based on ratios of alumni to Nobel prize-winners published in 2016 by American scholars Stephen Hsu and Jonathan Wai placed ENS as the first university worldwide, far", "title": "École normale supérieure (Paris)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.19, "text": "science, Ernest Lawrence won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939. Lars Onsager won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Norman Borlaug, father of the Green Revolution, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Christian B. Anfinsen won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1972. Ivar Giaever won the Nobel Prize in Physics 1973. Carl Richard Hagen is noted for his work in physics. In engineering, Clayton Jacobson II is credited with the invention of the modern personal watercraft. Ole Singstad was a pioneer of underwater tunnels. Ole Evinrude invented the first outboard motor with practical commercial application, recognizable today", "title": "Norwegian Americans" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.08, "text": "the discovery of x-rays by physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, first winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics, in 1895. Röntgen's discovery, which he dubbed a \"\"new kind of ray\"\", is regarded as the university's greatest intellectual achievement, and, simultaneously, a scientific development of huge global import. Röntgen's successors, namely Wilhelm Wien, Johannes Stark and the chemists Emil Fischer and Eduard Buchner, also number among the succession of Nobel Prize winners to lecture at the university, a tradition which endures in the modern-day example of Klaus von Klitzing. After World War II, the free state of Bavaria invested a fortune in", "title": "University of Würzburg" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.95, "text": "had no bearing on Marconi's claim as the first to achieve radio transmission, just that since Marconi's claim to certain patented improvements were questionable, the company could not claim infringement on those same patents. On 6 November 1915, a Reuters news agency report from London had the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla; however, on 15 November, a Reuters story from Stockholm stated the prize that year was being awarded to Sir William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg \"\"for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.\"\" There were", "title": "Nikola Tesla" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.91, "text": "Kailash Satyarthi from India and Malala Yousafzai from Pakistan were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize \"\"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education\"\". Sir C.V. Raman is the first Asian to get a Nobel prize in Sciences. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics \"\"for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him\"\". Japan has won the most Nobel Prizes of any Asian nation with 24 followed by India which has won 13. Amartya Sen, (born 3 November 1933)", "title": "Asia" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.84, "text": "on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands, \"\"for his discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions.\"\" From 1901 to 2018, the award has been bestowed on a total of 180 individuals. Alfred Nobel stipulated in his last will and testament that his money be used to create a series of prizes for those who confer the \"\"greatest benefit on mankind\"\" in physics, chemistry, peace, physiology or medicine, and literature. Though Nobel wrote several wills during", "title": "Nobel Prize in Chemistry" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.78, "text": "the newly organized University of Chicago. In 1898, he noted the Gibbs phenomenon in Fourier analysis on a mechanical computer that was constructed by him. In 1907, Michelson had the honor of being the first American to receive a Nobel Prize in Physics \"\"for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid\"\". He also won the Copley Medal in 1907, the Henry Draper Medal in 1916 and the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1923. A crater on the Moon is named after him. Michelson died in Pasadena, California at the", "title": "Albert A. Michelson" } ]

[ "May 18, 2018" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.62, "text": "January, the film's release was moved up to May 18, 2018. In February 2018, Terry Crews was revealed to have a role in the film, the character Shatterstar was confirmed to be appearing, and the production returned to Vancouver for six days of reshoots under a new working title, \"\"Daisy\"\". Some reports emerged by mid-March claiming that these reshoots were due to poor audience responses during test screenings of the film, and consisted of sweeping changes. However, the film was soon confirmed to be testing better than the original did, up to 98 out of 100 over three different tests", "title": "Deadpool 2" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.5, "text": "worldwide financial success earning in excess of $2 billion. Soon after, 20th Century Fox released \"\"Deadpool 2\"\" on May 18, 2018 which proved a major success in both regards itself In addition, the long awaited sequel for the Academy Award winning animated film \"\"The Incredibles\"\", \"\"Incredibles 2\"\", had its wide release on June 15, 2018 met with considerable critical praise and earned $182.68 million on its premiere weekend. The next superhero film In the Marvel Universe \"\"Ant-Man and the Wasp\"\" was released on July 6, with competing studios declining to release major films on American Independence Day in the face", "title": "Superhero film" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.42, "text": "Tim Miller. The R-rated film was released on February 12, 2016. Its opening weekend was the highest grossing of all time for R-Rated films, and it went on to gross more than $780 million worldwide. The team's next project, sci-fi thriller \"\"Life\"\", was released in March 2017. The film was directed by Daniel Espinosa, produced by Skydance, and through Sony Pictures, with Ryan Reynolds, Jake Gyllenhaal, and Rebecca Ferguson starring. They wrote \"\"Deadpool 2\"\" in 2018, which like its predecessor was released to positive reviews. Wernick and Reese were announced as the co-screenwriters of the feature film adaptation of \"\"Cowboy", "title": "Paul Wernick" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.33, "text": "footage was leaked online in July 2014, and was met with an overwhelmingly enthusiastic response. That September, Fox gave \"\"Deadpool\"\" a release date of February 12, 2016. Production was set to begin in March 2015, with Simon Kinberg joining as producer. Reynolds attributed Fox's green-lighting of the film entirely to the leak. He, Miller and the writers had previously discussed leaking the footage themselves, and Reynolds initially thought that Miller had done so. He later believed the leak came from someone at Fox. In exchange for being able to make the film the way they wanted, Fox gave the crew", "title": "Deadpool (film)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.3, "text": "at the convention moderated by Soni and featuring other cast members. Some of the scenes cut from the theatrical version of the film were debuted at the panel. At the end of September 2018, Fox announced that it would release an untitled \"\"Deadpool\"\" film in theaters on December 21. The studio suggested that press and fans \"\"guess away\"\" as to what this new film would be, but it was believed to be a re-cut version of \"\"Deadpool 2\"\" that would carry a PG-13 rating rather than being R-rated like the initial theatrical release. Reynolds hinted that the version of the", "title": "Deadpool 2" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.25, "text": "direct the adaptation. Lauren Shuler Donner and Matthew Vaughn will produce. On December 3, 2013, Rob Liefeld confirmed that Cable and Deadpool would be appearing in the film. The film was planned to be released sometime in the year 2017. A piece of concept art shows Cable, Domino, Warpath, Cannonball, and Feral as members of the team. After the release of \"\"Deadpool\"\", Reynolds felt that Deadpool would soon be in an \"\"X-Force\"\" film, and Kinberg stated that there was potential for \"\"X-Force\"\" to be R-rated like \"\"Deadpool\"\" in contrast to the PG-13 \"\"mainline X-Men movies\"\". Bryan Singer has stated in", "title": "X-Force" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.12, "text": "being blocked in China during this initial release, \"\"Deadpool\"\" eventually premiered in the country during the 2018 Beijing International Film Festival, which ran over a week from April 15–22. The original version of the film played at the festival without any edits being made specifically for Chinese censors. \"\"Deadpool\"\" was released for digital download on April 26, 2016, moved up from the physical home media release, which came on May 10. The latter release, for Blu-ray and DVD, included behind-the-scenes featurettes, deleted scenes, a blooper reel, and two audio commentaries: one by Tim Miller and Deadpool co-creator Rob Liefeld, and", "title": "Deadpool (film)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.11, "text": "was written by Reese and Wernick and played in front of \"\"Logan\"\". \"\"Deadpool 2\"\" was released on May 18, 2018, with Baccarin, T. J. Miller, Uggams, Hildebrand, and Kapičić all returning. Josh Brolin joined them as Cable. The film explores the team X-Force, which includes Deadpool and Cable. In March 2017, Reese said that a future film focused on that group would be separate from \"\"Deadpool 3\"\", \"\"so I think we'll be able to take two paths. [\"\"X-Force\"\"] is where we're launching something bigger, but then [\"\"Deadpool 3\"\" is] where we're contracting and staying personal and small.\"\" After the acquisition", "title": "Deadpool (film)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.06, "text": "discussions had begun regarding ideas for a sequel to \"\"Deadpool\"\", which was set to be released in February 2016. One idea was for the film to introduce the character Cable, who had previously been looked at to appear in the first \"\"Deadpool\"\", and \"\"\"\" (2014) before that. Cable's inclusion in the potential sequel was confirmed by the character Deadpool while breaking the fourth wall in the post-credit scene of the first film. Domino, a character with connections to Cable in the comics, was also believed to be featured in the sequel. By the first film's release, 20th Century Fox had", "title": "Deadpool 2" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.06, "text": "first film, although a feeling of cynicism drew some criticism. An extended edition was released in August 2018, and a re-cut, PG-13 version of the film titled \"\"Once Upon a Deadpool\"\" was released theatrically in December 2018. A sequel, \"\"Deadpool 3\"\", is in development. After successfully working as the mercenary Deadpool for two years, Wade Wilson fails to kill one of his targets on his anniversary with Vanessa, his girlfriend. That night, after the pair decide to start a family together, the target tracks Wilson down and kills Vanessa. Wilson kills the man in revenge. He blames himself for her", "title": "Deadpool 2" } ]

[ "Olivia", "MFSK" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.17, "text": "above. Continuous wave (CW) is on-and-off keying of a carrier, used for Morse code communications and Hellschreiber facsimile-based teleprinter transmissions. It is a data mode, although often listed separately. Radioteletype, fax, digital, slow-scan television, and other systems use forms of frequency-shift keying or audio subcarriers on a shortwave carrier. These generally require special equipment to decode, such as software on a computer equipped with a sound card. Note that on modern computer-driven systems, digital modes are typically sent by coupling a computer's sound output to the SSB input of a radio. Some established users of the shortwave radio bands may", "title": "Shortwave radio" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.09, "text": "or more stages of a superheterodyne receiver with digital signal processing for filtering, demodulation or other processing. A well equipped shortwave radio receiver can receive CW and SSB modes in addition to the AM mode traditionally used by broadcasters. Some modern shortwave radio receivers can receive digital radio signals. Some receivers only tune within frequency bands allocated by international agreement. This may be necessary in some countries where restrictive laws prevent persons from listening to non-broadcast stations. Others offer continuous tuning over the whole shortwave frequency range, allowing the user to listen to amateur radio, marine, air, and utility stations", "title": "Shortwave radio receiver" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.92, "text": "for Windows, Apple (OSX), Linux, and FreeBSD systems. The mode used most often on VOA Radiogram, for both text and images, is MFSK32, but other modes are occasionally transmitted. Broadcasts were made via the Edward R. Murrow transmitting station in North Carolina on the following schedule: Due to the retirement of Dr. Kim Andrew Elliott from VOA and the decision of VOA to not replace his role with the program, VOA Radiogram program's final airing was on June 17-18, 2017, however Elliott will be continuing to air Radiograms via commercial shortwave stations under the name of \"\"Shortwave Radiogram.\"\" Radiogram (message)", "title": "Radiogram (message)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.72, "text": "to 27.995 MHz portion, AM and FM mode, with two overlapping sets of 40 channels (27.60125 to 27.99125 MHz in 10 kHz steps, and 27.605 to 27.995 MHz in 10 kHz steps). These transmissions are usually rebroadcasts of church services and can sometimes be heard hundreds or even thousands of km (miles). Part of the 11 m/27 MHz band was also allocated in many countries for early-model cordless phones. In the US and Canada, as well as the Americas (ITU Region 2) as a whole, there are no pre-designated HF allocations for military use. Similar rules exist in Europe, where", "title": "Shortwave bands" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.69, "text": "digital shortwave broadcasts using DRM can cover the same geographic region with much less transmitter power — roughly one-fifth — than traditional AM mode broadcasts, significantly reducing the electricity cost of operating a station. A traditional AM (analog) international shortwave station can have a power rating of 50 kilowatts to as much as one million watts per transmitter, with typical power levels in the 50–500 kilowatt range. Endorsed by the ITU, it has been approved as an international standard for digital broadcasts on the HF (shortwave) bands. A DRM broadcast rivals FM mono quality and can also send graphic images", "title": "Shortwave listening" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.06, "text": "systems. Radio modem communication on UHF and VHF frequencies are widely used for short and long range communication within ITS. Short-range communications of 350 m can be accomplished using IEEE 802.11 protocols, specifically WAVE or the Dedicated Short Range Communications standard being promoted by the Intelligent Transportation Society of America and the United States Department of Transportation. Theoretically, the range of these protocols can be extended using Mobile ad hoc networks or Mesh networking. Longer range communications have been proposed using infrastructure networks such as WiMAX (IEEE 802.16), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), or 3G. Long-range communications using these", "title": "Intelligent transportation system" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.88, "text": "necessary. ALLISS is only used by well funded broadcasting and telecommunications operations that intend to use the modules over their design lifespan of 50–60 years. ALLISS allows a broadcaster to change the following shortwave transmission parameters at any time: direction (azimuths from 0 to 360 degrees, rate: ~1 deg / 6 sec), broadcast frequency, and antenna configuration (i.e.: HR 4/4/1 -> HR 6/4/1). All of these transmission mode changes can take effect in as little as 5 minutes. This flexibility can allow a broadcaster to redirect the entire shortwave transmission network to a strategically important target area in as little", "title": "ALLISS" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 20.81, "text": "of HF propagation and interference, however modern digital modes, such as MFSK, use Forward Error Correction to provide much better data reliability. Principally, the primary users are those who need robust shortwave communications. Examples are: One regular service is WLO, transmitting weather information from the United States in English, using ITA-2, with an intended audience of ocean-going vessels and those concerned with them: Another regular service transmitting RTTY meteorological information is the German Meteorological Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst or DWD). The DWD regularly transmit two programs on various frequencies on LF and HF in standard RTTY (ITA-2 alphabet). The list of", "title": "Radioteletype" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.81, "text": "underlying modem include: The software is also utilized by some organizations for both routine and disaster/emergency relief services. Following the successful tests by the Voice of America's VOA Radiogram program, international and government shortwave broadcasters began testing and experimenting with digital data over shortwave broadcast channels using the Fldigi software. These tests led to regular weekly digital broadcasts by the broadcasters listed below. The Fldigi suite of programs has become popular within the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Military Auxiliary Radio System. Fldigi is used as the underlying modem for the PSKmail project . PSK Mail allows users to", "title": "Fldigi" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.78, "text": "transmission systems such as BPSK where the signal is continually present. If part of one sideband and all of the other remain, it is called vestigial sideband, used mostly with television broadcasting, which would otherwise take up an unacceptable amount of bandwidth. Transmission in which only one sideband is transmitted is called single-sideband modulation or SSB. SSB is the predominant voice mode on shortwave radio other than shortwave broadcasting. Since the sidebands are mirror images, which sideband is used is a matter of convention. In SSB, the carrier is suppressed, significantly reducing the electrical power (by up to 12dB) without", "title": "Sideband" } ]

[ "till September" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.25, "text": "south atlantic ocean, locally known as the south western wind, or by its main name, The Tropical Maritime (MT) airmass. These two major wind systems in Nigeria are known as the trade winds. The tropical maritime airmass (MT) is responsible for Nigeria's rainy season. This wind (the tropical maritime airmass) invades the country from February in the southern part of Nigeria while it takes longer for the wind to fully cover the whole of the country, reaching the northern part of Nigeria in June. Its invasion is as a result of the northward retreat, of the tropical continental airmass (CT)", "title": "Geography of Nigeria" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.42, "text": "The dry season is accompanied by a dust laden airmass from the Sahara Desert, locally known as Harmattan, or by its main name, The Tropical Continental (CT) airmass, while the rainy season is heavily influenced by an airmass originating from the south Atlantic Ocean, locally known as the south west wind, or by its main name, The Tropical Maritime (MT) airmass. These two major wind systems in Nigeria are known as the trade winds. The region Onikwu/Ndoni is flood prone communities, this is because the inland part of Rivers state consists of tropical rainforest; towards the coast the typical Niger", "title": "Onikwu" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.98, "text": "northern end is south of the 15 degrees line at about 14 degrees. Nigeria's location in the wetter part of the easterly waves south of the 15 degree line creates wetter climatic conditions for Nigeria especially during the monsoons. The Tropical Continental Airmass (CT) locally known as the harmattan, is a wind originating from North Africa which crosses the Sahara Desert into west Africa to Nigeria. This airmass dominates Nigeria's climate during the dry season from December to March. The Tropical continental airmass is dusty and creates a haze within the atmosphere of west Africa and Nigeria when it predominates.", "title": "Geography of Nigeria" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.86, "text": "airmass (CT) in turn, causes the wind to expand and become lighter as this is the normal behaviour for winds moving above intensely heated grounds. The Tropical continental airmass (CT) loses its strength as a major airmass in the region of west Africa and over Nigeria at this time (around February in the southern part of Nigeria to June in northern Nigeria) and begins to retreat coupled with the rising of air in form of convection within this airmass (Tropical continental airmass (CT)), further weakening the dominance of the wind over west Africa and Nigeria. The Tropical continental airmass (CT)", "title": "Geography of Nigeria" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.45, "text": "Civil War. Oron is found in the flood plain of South Eastern Nigeria, with the land mainly intersected by numerous streams and tributaries flowing into Cross River. The entire coastline stretches from Uya Oron to Udung Uko. Oron is in the tropical region and has a uniformly high temperature all the year round. The two main seasons are the dry which spans between October and April and wet season which starts around May and ends in September. There are also two prevailing winds – the South-West onshore winds which brings heavy rains and the North- East trade winds blowing across", "title": "Oron people" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.19, "text": "finally retreats from most part of Nigeria, and the West African atmosphere around April to May, leaving an empty atmosphere over Nigeria. The sun's rays enters into the atmosphere of Nigeria more intense than it does during the presence of the Tropical continental airmass, which contained dust (in form of haze) that reduced the intensity of the sun. The overheating of the west Africa land mass and Nigeria in particular creates a low pressure region over west Africa and Nigeria. This low pressure zone attracts the Tropical Maritime Airmass (MT) from the south Atlantic Ocean since areas of low pressures", "title": "Geography of Nigeria" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.75, "text": "Operation Tail-Wind Operation Tail-Wind (January 7 – 12, 1970) was the final military conflict between Nigeria and Biafra. The operation took place in the towns of Owerri and Uli, both of which were captured by Nigerian forces. The operation ended with General Odumegwu Ojukwu fleeing to the Ivory Coast and then president of Biafra Philip Effiong surrendering to Olusegun Obasanjo. On May 30, 1967, Odumegwu Ojukwu declared the Republic of Biafra independent from Nigeria. For a month Nigeria claimed that Biafra was a part of Nigeria and it would stay so. It was not until July 6, 1967, when Nigeria", "title": "Operation Tail-Wind" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.72, "text": "on 15 January 1966. The fall of the first republic left behind apparent political division between North and South Nigeria. This led to the military governor of south-eastern Nigeria, Colonel Odumegwu Ojukwu, deeming that because of northern massacres and electoral fraud, the Southeast of Nigeria should be an independent state. The independent state became known as the Republic of Biafra. Northern Nigeria opposed the claim of southern secession. The Nigerian government called for police action in the area. The armed forces of Nigeria were sent in to occupy and take back the Republic of Biafra. Nigerian forces seized Biafra in", "title": "History of West Africa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.67, "text": "1st Division soldiers. The truth about Maj. Onwuatuegwu's death is still unsolved. Operation Tail-Wind Operation Tail-Wind (January 7 – 12, 1970) was the final military conflict between Nigeria and Biafra. The operation took place in the towns of Owerri and Uli, both of which were captured by Nigerian forces. The operation ended with General Odumegwu Ojukwu fleeing to the Ivory Coast and then president of Biafra Philip Effiong surrendering to Olusegun Obasanjo. On May 30, 1967, Odumegwu Ojukwu declared the Republic of Biafra independent from Nigeria. For a month Nigeria claimed that Biafra was a part of Nigeria and it", "title": "Operation Tail-Wind" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.47, "text": "experiences inward blowing winds because winds are moving air blowing outwards from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure. The Tropical Maritime Airmass is a warm humid and unstable trade wind due to its warmth. Convectional currents are easily set up within the airmass whenever there is little instability in the airmass as a result of a slight to a very high orographic uplift in mountainous regions like the obudu plateau or the heating of the land which can trigger the formation of cumulonimbus cloud leading to thunderstorms within the airmass. During the dominance of the Tropical Maritime", "title": "Geography of Nigeria" } ]

[ "hit points or health points" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.77, "text": "an enemy general within the same zone). The general with the higher military attack wins in this situation, in which case the general with the lower military attack is placed in the graveyard of that player. In the case of equal military attack, both generals die simultaneously. Characters do not have any hp and they die on impact, similar to Yu-Gi-Oh! TCG. Intelligence attack is usually only used in conjunction with a strategy card. It has no set mechanics instead refers to the strategy card that initiates a strategy attack. On top of the basic statistics, all generals have either", "title": "Generals Order" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.91, "text": "to those who plan, approve or execute air or missile operations before rather than after the event. The HPCR Manual is also meant to be used by other segments of armed forces, such as commanders of forces that are receiving these attacks. Needless to say, it is hoped that the HPCR Manual will be used extensively in training and instruction courses in both wartime and peacetime, so as to familiarize prospective users with the patterns of behavior expected of them. The Black-Letter Rules of the \"\"HPCR Manual\"\" are a collective creation of the Group of Experts. The Black-Letter Rules reflect", "title": "HPCR Manual on International Law Applicable to Air and Missile Warfare" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.78, "text": "a certain amount of health points (HP) and Ether points (EP). If all HP is depleted, a character is defeated. Turn order is governed by a character's \"\"Agility\"\" statistic. Each character can take a variety of actions, ranging from attacking, performing special attacks called \"\"Arts\"\" and using Ether abilities that each consume EP, using items, taking defensive positions that reduce damage, and escaping the battle. Both the player party and enemies have Break gauges, which fill up when either side successfully lands an attack. When the gauge fills, that character is stunned and cannot act for two turns, in addition", "title": "Xenosaga Episode III" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.03, "text": "as the primary means of interstellar communication in the BattleTech universe and operate on worlds throughout inhabited space. HPGs operate on a similar principle as the Kearny-Fuchida jump drive, sending a directional radio transmission instantaneously from one station to another over a distance of up to 50 light years. Though the nature of the technology allows only unidirectional broadcasts, paired HPGs can provide simultaneous bidirectional communication. Given the demand and expense of hyperpulse communication, messages are frequently bundled into batches of hundreds, sent simultaneously. While the transmission itself is nearly instantaneous, it may be days, weeks, or months before a", "title": "BattleTech" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.73, "text": "Haltepunkt In Germany, a Haltepunkt (abbreviation: Hp) is a railway facility at which passengers can board or leave trains, i.e. an access point for travellers. In contrast to a railway station, a \"\"Haltepunkt\"\" does not necessarily have railroad switches. There are exceptions, however, if it is locally connected to another service point. The important operational difference is that at a \"\"Haltepunkt\"\" only boarding and disembarking takes place (the train thus only stops), but at railway stations can be shunted or other trains can be awaited. The exact definition depends on national legal and operational provisions, which is why \"\"Haltepunkte\"\" are", "title": "Haltepunkt" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.61, "text": "Hungarian People's Army The Hungarian People's Army HPA () was the military of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party and the Hungarian People's Republic from 1951 to 1990. It only saw combat once during its existence, which was assisting the Soviet Union in crushing the Prague Spring. It maintained close ties to the Warsaw Pact along with other Eastern Bloc countries. It dissolved in 1989 and retained its current form through the Hungarian Defence Force. After the 1948 creation of the HPA the allies and the Soviet Union permitted it to have a 65,000 strong Army and an Air Force with", "title": "Hungarian People's Army" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.5, "text": "the warhead and fuzing mechanism. The mine's warhead is said to be a \"\"second generation\"\" Misznay Schardin effect design capable of penetrating up to 150 millimeters of armour. In addition it can be laid in up to one and half meters of water. The mine arms itself after an initial delay of ten minutes and self-neutralizes after 30 days. It also incorporates an anti-handling device, which is sensitive to motion and the signals produced by mine detectors. As of 2006, approximately 400,000 HPD-2 series mines have been ordered. The mine is in service with the French Army, and is sold", "title": "HPD series of mines" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.47, "text": "Walther HP The Walther HP (Heerespistole) was a pre-war commercial version of what would later become the Walther P 38. About 30,000 Walther HP pistols were produced. The vast majority were chambered in 9×19mm, but several hundred were also produced in .30 Luger and are very rare and desirable today. The Walther HP was exported to Sweden in 1939 where it was adopted as the new service pistol (as Pistol m/39) of the Swedish Armed Forces. At the outbreak of World War II sales of the pistol were stopped after only 1500 pistols had been delivered so the Husqvarna m/40", "title": "Walther HP" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.41, "text": "to achieve friendly success (high-payoff target [HPT]). Targeting links the desired effects to actions and tasks. The targeting process can be generally grouped into two categories: deliberate and dynamic. Deliberate targeting prosecutes anticipated or known targets within a given operational area and timeframe, and normally supports the joint force’s future plans effort, which is overseen by the plans directorate of a joint staff (J-5). (Normally, the future operations directorate focuses on 24 hours up to 72 hours. This is a critical linkage during targeting execution.) By contrast, dynamic targeting prosecutes targets that were not included in the deliberate targeting process,", "title": "Targeting (warfare)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 17.34, "text": "train had to report to the station supervisor and passengers who were getting off had to inform the conductor or train driver of their wish at least one station in advance. Haltepunkt In Germany, a Haltepunkt (abbreviation: Hp) is a railway facility at which passengers can board or leave trains, i.e. an access point for travellers. In contrast to a railway station, a \"\"Haltepunkt\"\" does not necessarily have railroad switches. There are exceptions, however, if it is locally connected to another service point. The important operational difference is that at a \"\"Haltepunkt\"\" only boarding and disembarking takes place (the train", "title": "Haltepunkt" } ]

[ "Cyrus" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.22, "text": "John Peters Humphrey John Peters Humphrey, OC (April 30, 1905 – March 14, 1995) was a Canadian legal scholar, jurist, and human rights advocate. He is most famous as the author of the first draft of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Humphrey was born to Frank Humphrey and Nellie Peter on April 30, 1905, in Hampton, New Brunswick. His childhood was touched by tragedy as he lost both his parents to cancer and he also lost one of his arms in an accident while playing with fire. Humphrey attended a boarding school where he endured teasing from other students;", "title": "John Peters Humphrey" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.88, "text": "of Iran called it \"\"the world's first charter of human rights\"\". The cylinder was a key symbol of the Shah's political ideology and is still regarded by some commentators as a charter of human rights, despite the disagreement of some historians and scholars. The Cyrus Cylinder was dubbed the \"\"first declaration of human rights\"\" by the pre-Revolution Iranian government, a reading prominently advanced by Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, in a 1967 book, \"\"The White Revolution of Iran\"\". The Shah identified Cyrus as a key figure in government ideology and associated his government with the Achaemenids. He wrote that \"\"the history", "title": "Cyrus Cylinder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.78, "text": "was widely read with up to 4400 subscribers. It was first in German to publish the declaration of human rights in 1791. In 1793, the government prohibited the publication of the \"\"Staats-Anzeigen\"\". Schlözer was a versatile historian giving lectures on a range of issues including Oliver Cromwell, the Dutch revolution, banks, the French Revolution (already in 1790), luxury, and the history of Germans in Romania, while continuing publishing on Russian history. His \"\"Allgemeine nordische Geschichte\"\" (General northern history), 2 vols. (Halle, 1772) was long considered a reference work on Russian history. He translated the famous Nestor Chronicle to the year", "title": "August Ludwig von Schlözer" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.75, "text": "Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drafted from early 1947 to late 1948 by Drafting Committee the first United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Further discussion and amendments were made by the Commission on Human Rights, the Economic and Social Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations. Members of the Commission who contributed significantly to the creation of the Declaration included Canadian John Peters Humphrey of the United Nations Secretariat, Eleanor Roosevelt of the United States (who chaired the Drafting Committee), René Cassin of France, Charles Malik of Lebanon,", "title": "Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.39, "text": "P. C. Chang of Republic of China (Taiwan), and Hansa Mehta of India among others. While not a member of the drafting committee, the French philosopher Jacques Maritain was influential in the lead up to the drafting of the Universal Declaration, advocacy for it within UNESCO in 1947-8, and in its subsequent advancement. The Drafting Committee included John Peters Humphrey was newly appointed as Director of the Division of Human Rights within the United Nations Secretariat. In this role, he produced the first draft of a list of rights that were to form the basis of the Declaration. The underlying", "title": "Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.23, "text": "Rights. After consulting with the executive group of the Commission, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, Professor Humphrey prepared the first preliminary draft of what was to become the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. On the night of December 10, 1948, the General Assembly unanimously adopted the Declaration, dubbed by Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt as \"\"the international Magna Carta of all humankind.\"\" Humphrey remained with the UN for 20 years. During this period, the oversaw the implementation of 67 international conventions and the constitutions of dozens of countries. He worked in areas including the freedom of the press, status of women, and racial", "title": "John Peters Humphrey" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.2, "text": "formed the Ligue des droits de l'homme (LDH, \"\"Human Rights League\"\"), of which Trarieux was proclaimed President and entrusted with the drawing up of its statutes. On 4 July 1898 the first manifesto of the League of Human Rights proclaimed: \"\"from this day, anyone whose liberty is threatened or whose rights are violated can be ensured of obtaining help and assistance from us\"\". On 20 August 1898, after the humiliating arrest of Dreyfus supporter Colonel Georges Picquart, found \"\"guilty – of having denounced the Henry forgery\"\", on the orders of Jacques Cavaignac, the War Minister, Trarieux wrote another open letter", "title": "Ludovic Trarieux" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.06, "text": "Child Welfare Charter, and was the first human rights document approved by an inter-governmental institution. It was reaffirmed by the League in 1934. Heads of State and Government pledged to incorporate its principles in domestic legislation. In France, it was ordered to be displayed in every school. The original document, in the archives of the city of Geneva, carries the signatures of various international delegates, including Jebb, Janusz Korczak, and Gustave Ador, a former President of the Swiss Confederation. After considering a number of options, including that of drafting an entirely new declaration, the United Nations resolved in 1946 to", "title": "Declaration of the Rights of the Child" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.8, "text": "Pengchun’s role in drafting United Nations’ the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Zhang Pengchun (1892-1957) studied with John Dewey and got his Ph.D. from Columbia University and was the first Provost of Tsinghua University in 1923. He was the only Vice Chairman of the Commission on Human Rights (with Eleanor Roosevelt as the Chairman) in drafting the Universal Declaration, especially in inserting the Chinese concept “Ren” (, two men). Zhang initially translated “Ren” as two men mindedness, because “two men mindedness” is considered as too awkward, thus “conscience” was used in the final text of the Preamble of", "title": "Cui Zhiyuan" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.75, "text": "of International Law), Robert Redslob spoke of the right to the homeland in connection with the right to self-determination in \"\"Le principe des nationalités\"\". Georges Scelle in Belgium, Felix Ermacora in Austria, Alfred de Zayas in the United States, and Christian Thomuschat and Dieter Blumenwitz in Germany are amongst those who have written extensively on the subject. The first United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Jose Ayala Lasso of Ecuador affirmed this right, which is reflected in the 13-point Declaration appended to the Final Report on \"\"Human Rights and Population Transfers\"\". Heimat Heimat () is a German word translating", "title": "Heimat" } ]

[ "Xiu Li Dai", "Dai Xiuli", "Dai Yongge", "Yongge Dai" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 27.88, "text": "Anton Zingarevich Anton Zingarevich (Russian: Антон Зингаревич) is a Russian businessman best known for being the former owner of Reading Football Club, who play in the English Championship. Zingarevich's bid to take over the club was announced in January 2012, and he formally purchased the club on 29 May 2012. Since then, Zingarevich has had minimum interest in the running of the club, however did make the decision to sack manager Brian McDermott, and the subsequent employment of Nigel Adkins. Zingarevich is the son of Boris Zingarevich, a Russian multi-billionaire. At the age of 16, Zingarevich began education at Bearwood", "title": "Anton Zingarevich" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 27.53, "text": "The couple married in late 2009 and had a child. Anton Zingarevich Anton Zingarevich (Russian: Антон Зингаревич) is a Russian businessman best known for being the former owner of Reading Football Club, who play in the English Championship. Zingarevich's bid to take over the club was announced in January 2012, and he formally purchased the club on 29 May 2012. Since then, Zingarevich has had minimum interest in the running of the club, however did make the decision to sack manager Brian McDermott, and the subsequent employment of Nigel Adkins. Zingarevich is the son of Boris Zingarevich, a Russian multi-billionaire.", "title": "Anton Zingarevich" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 26.8, "text": "2016–17 season. Cherwell Software took sponsorship of the back of the home shirt for the 2017–18 season while Euro Cake sponsored the back of the away shirt again for the third consecutive season. Reading Football Club ownership structure: 75% Owned by Renhe Sports Management Ltd, 100% owned by Xiu Li Dai and Yongge Dai. 25% Owned by Narin Niruttinanon Reading F.C. Directors: Xiu Li Dai, Yongge Dai, Narin Niruttinanon, Nigel Howe As of 1 July 2018, the following players are those in the senior squad who are under 18. <br> Reading hold the record for the number of successive league", "title": "Reading F.C." }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.12, "text": "Thames Valley Royals proposal Shortly before the end of the 1982–83 Football League season, Robert Maxwell, the then-owner and chairman of Oxford United Football Club, announced that he had made a deal with the owners of nearby Reading to amalgamate the two teams to create a new club he proposed to name \"\"Thames Valley Royals\"\". This appellation combined a loose term for the geographical region, \"\"Thames Valley\"\", with the Reading team's nickname, \"\"the Royals\"\". With each team having financial problems, Maxwell claimed that both were on the verge of going out of business and that uniting them was necessary for", "title": "Thames Valley Royals proposal" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.12, "text": "Grzegorz Rasiak scoring Reading's goal, and Jobi McAnuff and Brynjar Gunnarsson also playing a part. Watford Football Club is owned by the holding company \"\"Watford Leisure Plc\"\" (LSE: WFC). Its 2008–09 financial year ran from 1 July 2008 until 30 June 2009. The company released its audited accounts and annual report on 6 November 2009. It included details of the club's major shareholders, showing that Fordwat Limited—the investment company of Michael Ashcroft—owned 37.16% of Watford Leisure, Valley Grown Salads (VGS)—owned by Watford Leisure directors Jimmy and Vince Russo—held a 29.98% stake, and that previous Watford chairman Graham Simpson had a", "title": "2009–10 Watford F.C. season" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.98, "text": "club announced that Thai businessman Sumrith Thanakarnjanasuth, formerly a member of the owning consortium at rivals Reading, had become the new owner of the club. Thanakarnjanasuth appointed Karl Robinson as the club's permanent manager on 22 March 2018. Robinson had to wait five games for his first win, but his aim of retaining the club's League One status was achieved with three wins from the last five games of the season. The club finished in 16th place on 56 points, six points above the relegation zone. United were eliminated by lower-league opposition in the opening rounds of the League Cup", "title": "2017–18 Oxford United F.C. season" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.34, "text": "Gloucester City until March. After months of speculation and nearly half a year since the full takeover of the club by Anton Zingarevich was due to be completed, Chairman Sir John Madejski confirmed that he was looking for new owners as Zingarevich was no longer involved. The first game of the month was a home tie against Yeovil Town which ended 1–1 despite the visitors being reduced to eight men when Byron Webster, Joe Ralls and Kieffer Moore were all sent off in the second half. Having fallen behind to a Shane Duffy header, Reading missed the chance to equalise", "title": "2013–14 Reading F.C. season" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.33, "text": "in October 2018 which could see the team become \"\"East Hull\"\" the following season, as well as considering a relocation to Dunswell Park on the northern edge of Hull. Shortly before the end of the 1982–83 Football League season, Robert Maxwell, the then-owner and chairman of Oxford United Football Club, announced that he had made a deal with the owners of nearby Reading to amalgamate the two teams to create a new club he proposed to name \"\"Thames Valley Royals\"\". This appellation combined a loose term for the geographical region, \"\"Thames Valley\"\", with the Reading team's nickname, \"\"the Royals\"\". With", "title": "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.08, "text": "League team. While Maxwell was able to keep his stakes in Derby, Oxford and Reading under a grandfather clause, the new rules prevented him from adding Watford to his football empire. He grudgingly accepted this. He retained his football club shares until his mysterious death in November 1991, when he apparently fell off his yacht near the Canary Islands. Thames Valley Royals proposal Shortly before the end of the 1982–83 Football League season, Robert Maxwell, the then-owner and chairman of Oxford United Football Club, announced that he had made a deal with the owners of nearby Reading to amalgamate the", "title": "Thames Valley Royals proposal" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.95, "text": "team then announced their second coming in October 2010 as Kochi Eagles Football Club and made it clear that they have great plans to make history in keeping with their lineage. The team is now owned by Ziqitza Sports Management Pvt Ltd. Eagles F.C. entered into an agreement with Reading F.C. in April 2013 where Reading would send coaches and identify players for training at the Madejski Stadium in Reading. The aim is to identify young talent from Kochi in the age group around 13 and take at least one of the best to play in the Premier League by", "title": "Eagles F.C." } ]

[ "February 1, 2018" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.14, "text": "announced that Scandal would air nine episodes in the fall with the fall finale to air on November 19, 2015, just like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"\"TGIT\"\" \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\" and \"\"How To Get Away with Murder\"\", which was the same last year. The remaining 12 episodes will air after the winter break, beginning on February 11, 2016, as a result of ABC airing the television miniseries \"\"Madoff\"\" over two nights on February 3–4, 2016 in the same time-slot as \"\"Scandal\"\" and \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\". The show was renewed by ABC for a sixth season on March 3, 2016. Shonda", "title": "Scandal (season 5)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24, "text": "the sixth season was reduced from 22 to 16 episodes. During ABC's annual upfront presentation in May, it was announced that \"\"Scandal\"\" will premiere during midseason, following a fall run of the new series \"\"Notorious\"\". Production began on July 13, 2016, with director and executive producer Tom Verica announcing that the crew was scouting for filming locations. The table read for the premiere was on July 26, 2016, with filming starting soon after. On February 10, 2017, ABC announced that the series had been renewed for a seventh season. On May 10, 2017, ABC announced that the seventh season would", "title": "Scandal (TV series)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.92, "text": "was announced on October 30, 2014, where it was announced that \"\"Scandal\"\" would air nine episodes in the fall with the fall finale to air on November 20, 2014, just like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"\"TGIT\"\" \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\" and \"\"How To Get Away with Murder\"\". The remaining 13 episodes aired after the winter break, beginning on January 29, 2015, and ending with the season finale on May 14, 2015. \"\"Scandal\"\" was renewed for a fifth season on May 7, 2015, by ABC. The series will continue to air at Thursdays in the timeslot 9:00 p.m. E.T. like the", "title": "Scandal (TV series)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.75, "text": "announced on October 30, 2014, where it was announced that \"\"Scandal\"\" would air nine episodes in the fall with the fall finale to air on November 20, 2014, just like the rest of ABC's primetime lineup \"\"TGIT\"\" \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\" and \"\"How To Get Away with Murder\"\". The remaining 13 episodes aired after the winter break, beginning on January 29, 2015, and ending with the season finale on May 14, 2015. The show was renewed by ABC for a fifth season, on May 7, 2015. Production started at the beginning of July, as Rhimes tweeted that the writers were hard at", "title": "Scandal (season 4)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.5, "text": "Scandal (season 6) The sixth season of the American television drama series \"\"Scandal\"\" was ordered on March 3, 2016 by ABC. It began airing on January 26, 2017 in the United States on ABC. The season includes the 100th episode of the series, being the tenth episode of this season. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. The season continues the story of Olivia Pope's crisis management firm, Olivia Pope & Associates, and its employees, as well as staff at the White House in Washington, D.C. Season six had", "title": "Scandal (season 6)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.27, "text": "Scandal (season 7) The seventh and final season of the American television drama series \"\"Scandal\"\" was ordered on February 10, 2017 by ABC. It was later announced that the seventh season would be the final season for \"\"Scandal\"\". The season began airing on October 5, 2017, and consisted of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company; the showrunner being Shonda", "title": "Scandal (season 7)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.19, "text": "by Jann Turner and written by \"\"Scandal\"\" creator and showrunner Shonda Rhimes. ABC renewed the series for a seventh and final season on February 10, 2017. The season began airing on October 5, 2017, with this episode, and will consist of 18 episodes, adding the total episode count of the show to 124 episodes. Cast member George Newbern was upgraded to a series regular after being a recurring cast member for the past six seasons and made his first appearance as a regular actor in this episode, portraying former B613 assassin Charlie. The table read for the episode started on", "title": "Watch Me (Scandal)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.16, "text": "premiere during midseason, following a fall run of the new series \"\"Notorious\"\". Production began on July 13, 2016, with director and executive producer Tom Verica announcing that the crew was scouting for filming locations. The table read for the premiere was on July 26, 2016, with filming starting soon after. A teaser trailer was released on November 1, 2016 on YouTube. An official trailer for the sixth season was released by ABC on November 3, 2016. The season began airing on January 26, 2017. A promotional poster was released by ABC on November 29, 2016. On February 10, 2017, ABC", "title": "Scandal (season 6)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.05, "text": "nights at 9:00 pm until episode 15, where it aired in its original timeslot, Thursday 10:00 pm. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"\"Scandal\"\" was renewed for a seventh season on February 10, 2017, along with the other ShondaLand dramas. The series continued to air on Thursdays in its 9 p.m. E.T. timeslot like the previous seasons, but unlike the previous season which aired in January, the seventh season premiered in the fall of 2017. ABC announced on June 26, 2017, that the seventh season would consist of 18 episodes. Long-time director Tom Verica shared on Twitter that he would only direct the series finale", "title": "Scandal (season 7)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.84, "text": "Scandal (season 4) The fourth season of the American television drama series \"\"Scandal\"\" began airing on September 25, 2014, in the United States on ABC and consists of 22 episodes. The season was produced by ABC Studios, in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes. On May 7, 2015, ABC announced that \"\"Scandal\"\" had been renewed for a fifth season. The season continues the story of Olivia Pope's crisis management firm, Olivia Pope & Associates, and its staff, as well as staff at the White House in Washington D.C. Season four had", "title": "Scandal (season 4)" } ]

[ "Super Bowl LII,", "2017" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 20.44, "text": "2016-2017 Golden State Warriors, who won the title with a 16-1 playoff record. The Philadelphia-based group Pieces Of A Dream had a minor hit in 1983 with the R&B song \"\"Fo-Fi-Fo\"\", which title was prompted by Malone's quip. This also marked the last championship in Philadelphia until the Phillies won the 2008 World Series. After a disappointing 1983–84 season, which ended with a five-game loss to the upstart New Jersey Nets in the first round of the playoffs, Charles Barkley arrived in Philadelphia for the 1984–85 season. For the next eight seasons, Barkley brought delight to the Philadelphia fans thanks", "title": "Philadelphia 76ers" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.75, "text": "in the final inning. While Mike Schmidt was the official MVP of the 1980 World Series, the Babe Ruth Award (another World Series MVP) was given to Tug McGraw. As of 2011, this is the last World Series in which both participating franchises had yet to win a World Series in their history. This was the first time that had happened since . The entire state of Pennsylvania, not just Philadelphia, celebrated the Phillies' win. Minutes after the final out, Governor Dick Thornburgh declared the next day \"\"Philadelphia Phillies Day.\"\" 1980 World Series (4-2): Philadelphia Phillies (N.L.) over Kansas City", "title": "1980 Philadelphia Phillies season" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 19.48, "text": "cities—later before the A's would return to the Fall Classic, after their successive moves to Kansas City in 1955 and Oakland in 1968. This would also be the city of Philadelphia's last appearance in the Series until 1950. It was also the last World Series until the 2017 edition in which both teams who had won at least 100 games in the regular season went the maximum seven games. The A's scored four runs in the third, enabling Lefty Grove to win Game 1 despite giving up twelve hits, three by Pepper Martin. Pepper Martin's two hits and two stolen", "title": "1931 World Series" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.17, "text": "Bradman called him \"\"America's greatest cricketing son.\"\" On June 28, 1913 the Philadelphians played the last first-class game on the mainland for more than 90 years. Games were played in the US Virgin Islands in the interim, which is considered as part of the West Indies by the ICC. The team had played an American national side 6 times between 1885 and 1894. The United States team won one of these matches, lost two, and earned a draw in three. Cricket remained a minor pastime in the United States until the mid-1960s, when ICC reforms allowed associate members to join.", "title": "United States national cricket team" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.08, "text": "633 games and losing 564, for a winning percentage of .529. The team won the AA pennant in 1883, finishing one game ahead of the St. Louis team. That same year, however, the National League set up its own team in Philadelphia, the Philadelphia Quakers (later Phillies). The Quakers finished last in 1883, but soon improved on the field and at the gate. Their home games were played at Oakdale Park in 1882, and at the Jefferson Street Grounds from 1883 to 1890. In addition, games were also occasionally played at Gloucester Point Grounds. They had eight different managers, with", "title": "Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.98, "text": "history and the first time since ; Philadelphia had not won since . Detroit was the last team to win the Cup without having home ice advantage in the Finals and with fewer than 100 points earned during the regular season until . The Flyers arrived into the Final having beaten their perennial rivals, the New York Rangers, in a memorable five-game Eastern Conference Final series. Eric Lindros and Wayne Gretzky each recorded a hat trick in the set, but the size, strength and discipline of Philadelphia trumped the veteran savvy of the Blueshirts. Philadelphia rose to the top on", "title": "1997 Stanley Cup Finals" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.91, "text": "artificial turf. This was also the first World Series since 1920, and the last to date, in which neither team had won a World Series before. With their victory, the Phillies became the final team out of the original sixteen MLB teams to win a World Series. However, a Philadelphia team had won a World Series before, the last being the Philadelphia Athletics in , exactly a half-century before this Series; in a twist of fate, the Athletics would play thirteen years in Kansas City before eventually settling in Oakland. The Philadelphia Phillies won the National League East division by", "title": "1980 World Series" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.91, "text": "strength of his 8 for 21 hitting (.381 average), including game-winning hits in Game 2 and the clinching Game 6. Thus, the Phillies became the last of the 16 teams that made up the major leagues from 1901 to 1960 to win a World Series. By comparison, the other 15 teams had each appeared in at least three World Series and won it at least once. During the early 1980s, when baseball was becoming more drug-conscious, several Philadelphia players admitted to having used amphetamines from time to time. A memorable \"\"Philadelphia Daily News\"\" headline dubbed the team \"\"The Pillies\"\". The", "title": "History of the Philadelphia Phillies" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.89, "text": "city. The last home game which was blacked out on television in the Philadelphia market as a result of not being sold out was against the Arizona Cardinals on Sunday, September 12, 1999, which was Andy Reid's first home game as new head coach of the Eagles. The studies note that—win or lose—Eagles fans can be counted on to pack their stadium. As of August 2008, the team had sold out 71 consecutive games, and 70,000 were on the team's waiting list for season tickets. Despite finishing with a 6–10 record in the 2005 season, the Eagles ranked second in", "title": "Philadelphia Eagles" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.89, "text": "times (1902, 1905, 1910, 1911, 1913 and 1914), and winning the World Series in 1910, 1911 and 1913. They won over 100 games in 1910 and 1911, and 99 games in 1914. The team was known for its \"\"$100,000 Infield\"\", consisting of Stuffy McInnis (first base), Eddie Collins (second base), Jack Barry (shortstop), and Frank \"\"Home Run\"\" Baker (third base) as well as pitchers Eddie Plank and Chief Bender. Rube Waddell was also a major pitching star for the A's in the early 1900s. According to Lamont Buchanan in \"\"The World Series and Highlights of Baseball\"\", the A's fans were", "title": "History of the Philadelphia Athletics" } ]

[ "Mary Kom" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.88, "text": "Rukmini Devi Arundale Rukmini Devi Neelakanda Sastri (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. She also is the first ever woman in Indian history to be nominated as the Rajya Sabha member. She is considered the most important revivalist in the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style, prevalent amongst the temple dancers, Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts. Though she belonged to the Indian upper-caste", "title": "Rukmini Devi Arundale" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.86, "text": "for International Women's Day. Rukmini Devi Arundale Rukmini Devi Neelakanda Sastri (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. She also is the first ever woman in Indian history to be nominated as the Rajya Sabha member. She is considered the most important revivalist in the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style, prevalent amongst the temple dancers, Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts. Though she belonged", "title": "Rukmini Devi Arundale" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.23, "text": "Women's Welfare Association of Delhi and the Super Bazar Cooperative Stores Limited, New Delhi and was the first woman vice president of the Delhi Municipal Committee, a post she held from 1956 to 1957. She served the Punjab Legislative Council, the predecessor of the Punjab Legislative Assembly from 1962 to 1966. She was elected to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament in 1972, representing Delhi and served the house till 1978. She was one of the 15 nominated members of the \"\"Joint Committee of Indian Parliament\"\" set up by Indian parliament for the establishment of the", "title": "Savita Behen" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.05, "text": "close associate Ram Mohan Rai, a social activist from Panipat (haryana). Deshpande was a nominated member of Indian Rajya Sabha two times during August 1997- August 1997 and during 24 June 2004 to 2010. Her name was considered for the Indian Presidential position in 2007. Deshpande received the Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavana Award (2005) and the Padma Vibhushan title in 2006. She was a nominee for the Nobel peace prize in 2005. Nirmala Deshpande ji also received first Banarsi Das Gupta \"\"Rashtra Gaurav Puraskar\"\" on 5 November 2007 in a function, present to her by Vice President of India Sh.", "title": "Nirmala Deshpande" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.97, "text": "2000-01, hence becoming the first woman to have occupied both positions. She was elected to the Rajya Sabha for a six-year term in April 2002. On 16 June 2004, she was appointed the Chief Whip of the Congress Party in the Rajya Sabha. During the winter session of 2006, she had strongly supported the Women's Reservation Bill along with other women politicians from across parties. On 16 June 2008, she took over as chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board. After assuming charge, she focused the attention of the board on the plight of the girl child in India. As", "title": "Prema Cariappa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.95, "text": "Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha) Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha) (1905-1988) was a member of the Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of the Parliament of India, for three terms (1956–62 and 1962-68 from Bihar and then a nominated member in 1968-1974). He was prominent in the Indian National Congress party and a co-founder of the Congress Socialist Party. He was close to Rajendra Prasad, India's first President. He shared a house in Patna with his close friend and nationalist Jayaprakash Narayan. Gangasharan Sinha, commonly called Ganga Babu, had acquaintance with many Hindi writers but never wrote himself. A good orator, he worked", "title": "Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.72, "text": "of her work in the field of family planning. She was also a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha in the 1960s In 2006, the Government of India awarded R. P.'s granddaughter Sai Paranjpye a Padma Bhushan title in recognition of her artistic talents. She is a film director and a scriptwriter. R. P. Paranjpe Sir Raghunath Purushottam Paranjpye (16 February 1876 – 6 May 1966) was the first Indian to achieve the coveted title of Senior Wrangler at the University of Cambridge, and became a university administrator and Indian ambassador. Previously, at the Cambridge University of England, a student", "title": "R. P. Paranjpe" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.67, "text": "naval sector. She cautioned the government to be careful when dealing with foreign capital and supported linguistic states. After the second Indian General Election in 1957, she became Deputy Minister of State for Home Affairs. In 1962, Alva became the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, thereby becoming the first female to preside over the Rajya Sabha in its history. She served two consecutive terms in Rajya Sabha. Her first term commenced on 19 April 1962 and continued till 2 April 1966. Her second term began with her election to the office of Deputy Chairman on 7 April 1966 and", "title": "Violet Alva" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.61, "text": "Violet Alva Violet Hari Alva (24 April 1908 – 20 November 1969) was an Indian lawyer, journalist and politician, and Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, and member of the Indian National Congress (INC). She was the first woman lawyer to appear before a High Court in India and the first to preside over the Rajya Sabha. Alva was born Violet Hari on 24 April 1908 in Ahmedabad. She was the eighth of nine children. Violet's father, Reverend Laxman Hari, was one of the first Indian pastors of the Church of England. Having lost both her parents when she was", "title": "Violet Alva" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.59, "text": "Ganga Sharan Singh Award Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha) (1905-1988) was a member of the Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of the Parliament of India, for three terms (1956–62 and 1962-68 from Bihar and then a nominated member in 1968-1974). He was prominent in the Indian National Congress party and a co-founder of the Congress Socialist Party. He was close to Rajendra Prasad, India's first President. Ganga Sharan Singh Award (Devnagari: गंगाशरण सिंह पुरस्कार) is a literary honour in India which Kendriya Hindi Sansthan, (Central Hindi Organization), Ministry of Human Resource Development, annually confers on writers of outstanding works in Hindi", "title": "Ganga Sharan Singh Award" } ]

[ "28.0.0.137" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.19, "text": "in early 2016. Adobe Flash has been deprecated. The latest version of Adobe Flash Player is available for three major desktop platforms, including Windows, macOS and Linux. On Linux the PPAPI plug-in is available; the NPAPI version wasn't updated to new major versions for a while until Adobe changed its mind on stopping support and its former plan to discontinue \"\"in 2017\"\". Adobe Flash Player is available in four flavors: The \"\"ActiveX\"\" version is an ActiveX control for use in Internet Explorer and any other Windows applications that supports ActiveX technology. The \"\"Plug-in\"\" versions are available for browsers supporting either", "title": "Adobe Flash" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22, "text": "tablet devices, from Acer, BlackBerry 10, Dell, HTC, Lenovo, Logitech, LG, Motorola, Samsung, Sharp, SoftBank, Sony (and Sony Ericsson), and Toshiba. As of 2012, Adobe has stopped browser-based Flash Player development for mobile browsers in favor of HTML5, however Adobe continues to support Flash content on mobile devices with the Adobe Integrated Runtime, which allows developers to publish content that runs as native applications on certain supported mobile phone platforms. Version 9 was the most recent version available for the Linux/ARM-based Nokia 770/N800/N810 Internet tablets running Maemo OS2008, classic Mac OS and Windows 95/NT. Version 10 can be run under", "title": "Adobe Flash Player" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.81, "text": "NPAPI or PPAPI plug-ins on Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux. The \"\"projector\"\" version is a standalone player that can open SWF files directly. The following table documents Flash Player and Adobe AIR support on desktop operating systems: The latest version of Adobe AIR, version 18, contains Adobe Flash Player 18, and is available for Windows XP and later, as well as macOS. Official support for desktop Linux distributions ceased in June 2011 with version 2.6. Adobe Flash Player was available for a variety of mobile operating systems, including Android (between versions 2.2 and 4.0.4), Pocket PC/Windows CE, QNX (e.g. on", "title": "Adobe Flash" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.44, "text": "of the new features or bug fixes available in later versions. It has been on version 11.7 as of July 9, 2013, version 13 as of May 13, 2014, and version 18 as of August 11, 2015. Adobe has decided to discontinue the ESR branch and instead focus solely on the standard release as of August 2016. In 2011, Flash Player had emerged as the de facto standard for online video publishing on the desktop, with adaptive bitrate video streaming, DRM, and fullscreen support. On mobile devices however, after Apple refused to allow the Flash Player within the inbuilt iOS", "title": "Adobe Flash Player" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.27, "text": "for Windows XP and later, Mac OS X 10.6 and later and Linux. Adobe Flash Player is available in four flavors: On February 22, 2012, Adobe announced that it would no longer release new versions of NPAPI Flash plugins for Linux, although Flash Player 11.2 would continue to receive security updates. In August 2016 Adobe announced that, beginning with version 24, it will resume offering of Flash Player for Linux for other browsers. The Extended Support Release (ESR) of Flash Player on macOS and Windows was a version of Flash Player kept up to date with security updates, but none", "title": "Adobe Flash Player" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.94, "text": "third-party Flash Player is the commercially available Scaleform GFx Player, which is game development middleware designed for integration into non-Flash video games. In some browsers, prior Flash versions have had to be uninstalled before an updated version could be installed. However, as of version 11.2 for Windows, there are now automatic updater options. Linux is partially supported, as Adobe is cooperating with Google to implement it via Chrome web browser on all Linux platforms. Mixing Flash applications with HTML leads to inconsistent behavior with respect to input handling (keyboard and mouse not working as they would in an HTML-only document).", "title": "Adobe Flash Player" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.83, "text": "2009. As of June 2018, the current stable version of LAMS is 3.0.2 Version 3.0 is a major release that introduces a responsive web design, drops the need to have Adobe Flash Player, updated all its tech stack and adds significant feature and technical improvements. LAMS version 3.1 is available as beta release (Oct 2018). LAMS can be integrated with any LMS system that implement IMS LTI as a consumer. However, IMS LTI 1.2 has some important limitations, therefore native integration with other popular LMSs are available for: LAMS is both a IMS LTI 1.3 consumer and service provider, including", "title": "LAMS" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.78, "text": "published by Google security engineer Michele Spagnuolo and has CVE 2014-4671 and CVE 2014-5333. Adobe Flash Player release version 14.0.0.145, released on July 8, 2014, introduced stronger validation of Flash files, and in version 14.0.0.176, released on August 12, 2014, finalized the fix, preventing this exploit from working. In July 2005, George Jempty suggested an optional variable assignment be prepended to JSON. The original proposal for JSONP, where the padding is a callback function, appears to have been made by Bob Ippolito in December 2005 and is now used by many Web 2.0 applications such as Dojo Toolkit, Google Web", "title": "JSONP" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.73, "text": "version 2.70 and Flash Player 9 into the PlayStation 3's web browser in firmware version 2.50. Nintendo has integrated Flash Lite 3.1, equivalent to Flash 8, in the Internet Channel on the Wii. The following table documents historical support for Flash Player and AIR on mobile operating systems: Some CPU emulators have been created for Flash Player, including Chip8, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum and the Nintendo Entertainment System. They enable video games created for such platforms to run within Flash Player. Adobe has taken steps to reduce or eliminate Flash licensing costs. For instance, the SWF file format documentation is", "title": "Adobe Flash Player" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.7, "text": "Adobe makes available a partial specification of SWF, most recently updated in January 2013 to reflect changes in SWF version 19. SWF versions have been decoupled from Flash player versions after Flash 10. Afterwards the version number of the SWF progressed rapidly; SWF version 19 corresponds to the new features added in Flash Player 11.6. Flash Player 14 uses SWF version 25. In 2008, the specifications document was criticized by Rob Savoye, the lead developer of the Gnash project, as missing \"\"huge amounts\"\" of information needed to completely implement SWF, omitting specifications for RTMP and Sorenson Spark. The RTMP specification", "title": "SWF" } ]

[ "Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.38, "text": "of Tchaikovsky's ballets - \"\"Swan Lake\"\", \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\" and \"\"The Nutcracker\"\" - complete. The albums were recorded in mono in 1954 and 1955, for Mercury Records, with the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra (later renamed the Minnesota Orchestra), as part of their famous \"\"Living Presence\"\" series. All three ballets were at first issued separately, but were later re-issued in a 6-LP set. Dorati never re-recorded \"\"Swan Lake\"\", but he did make a stereo recording of \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\" (again complete) with the Concertgebouw Orchestra of Amsterdam for Philips Classics Records, and two complete recordings in stereo of \"\"The Nutcracker\"\", one with", "title": "Antal Doráti" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.61, "text": "and Juliet\"\", the \"\"1812 Overture\"\", his three ballets (\"\"The Nutcracker\"\", \"\"Swan Lake\"\", \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\") and \"\"Marche Slave\"\". These, along with his First Piano Concerto and his Violin Concerto, the last three of his six numbered symphonies and his operas \"\"The Queen of Spades\"\" and \"\"Eugene Onegin\"\", are among his most familiar works. Almost as popular are the \"\"Manfred\"\" Symphony, \"\"Francesca da Rimini\"\", the \"\"Capriccio Italien\"\" and the Serenade for Strings. Tchaikovsky displayed an unusually wide stylistic and emotional range, from salon works of innocuous charm to symphonies of tremendous depth, power, and grandeur. Some of his works, such as", "title": "Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.06, "text": "of both \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\" and \"\"The Nutcracker\"\", as well as \"\"Raymonda\"\", among many other ballets). Tchaikovsky was delighted at the prospect of \"\"Swan Lake\"\" being revived by Petipa, of whom he had the greatest respect, asserting that \"\"never with anyone but Petipa would I produce ballets.\"\" According to the composer/conductor Riccardo Drigo, \"\"While (Tchaikovsky) was still alive I knew of his dissatisfaction with the instrumentation of (\"\"Swan Lake\"\"), and that he intended to take up the matter, but he never managed to do this.\"\" Tchaikovsky died on 6 November 1893, just when plans to revive \"\"Swan Lake\"\" were beginning", "title": "Swan Lake (1895)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.97, "text": "realised a long-held ambition to design all three of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballets. He designed \"\"The Nutcracker\"\" for the Royal New Zealand Ballet, \"\"Swan Lake\"\" for the Houston Ballet, and \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\" for the Australian Ballet. This last work was the Australian Ballet's largest ever production, requiring 300 costumes and four major sets, and was still touring at the time of Fredrikson's death. In Australia Fredriksen created costumes and undertook production design for a number of film and television productions including costumes for the feature films \"\"Undercover\"\", \"\"Sky Pirate\"\" and \"\"Short Changed\"\" and production design for television series \"\"Vietnam\"\",", "title": "Kristian Fredrikson" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.77, "text": "in Brazil and in the month of August, in Cuba. Classic : Nutcracker Coppelia Don Quixote The Corsaire The Swan Lake La Bayadere La Fille Mal Gardee La Sylphide and the Scotsman The Three Musketeers Neoclassical : Dracula Le Chevalier de Saint-Georges Yarini Choreography: Classic: Diana and Actaeon (pas de deux) Giselle (pas de deux) Grand pas de quatre Sleeping Beauty (pas de deux) The Flames of Paris (pas de deux) The Dying Swan (male version) The Dying Swan (female version) Raymonda (pas de deux) Prodanza Ballet Academy The Center Prodanza of Cuba was established on December 30 of 1994", "title": "Prodanza Ballet Academy" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.64, "text": "Enchantress\"\" (1886) and \"\"The Queen of Spades\"\" (1890). In 1887 Vsevolozhsky commissioned Tchaikovsky to score music for Marius Petipa's \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\", a ballet which would prove to be one of both Tchaikovsky and Petipa's greatest masterworks. The first performance on 15 January 1890 by the Imperial Ballet was a great success and soon Vsevolozhsky commissioned a second score for a ballet and an opera from the composer, \"\"The Nutcracker\"\" and \"\"Iolanthe\"\", which premiered together on a double bill on 6 December 1892. Prior to commissioning \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\", Vsevolozhsky had considered reviving one act of \"\"Swan Lake\"\" for the", "title": "Swan Lake (1895)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.59, "text": "First Symphony. Beginning in 1954 and continuing on through 1955, the group made the first complete recordings of Tchaikovsky's three ballets: \"\"Swan Lake\"\", \"\"Sleeping Beauty\"\", and \"\"The Nutcracker\"\" under the baton of Antal Doráti. In 1954, they also made the first recording of Tchaikovsky's \"\"1812 Overture\"\" to include actual cannon fire, again under Doráti's direction. These recordings were made for Mercury Records as part of the \"\"Living Presence\"\" series. In the 1970s, the renamed Minnesota Orchestra made a series of recordings for Vox Records under the direction of Stanisław Skrowaczewski. In the 1990s, the orchestra recorded for the Reference Recordings", "title": "Minnesota Orchestra" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.22, "text": "Russia's first Conservatories in St Petersburg and in Moscow: the former trained the great Russian composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–93), best known for ballets like \"\"Swan Lake\"\", \"\"Sleeping Beauty\"\", and \"\"The Nutcracker\"\". He remains Russia's best-known composer outside Russia. Easily the most famous successor in his style is Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943), who studied at the Moscow Conservatory (where Tchaikovsky himself taught). Alexander Glazunov also took this romantic style. The late 19th and early 20th century saw the third wave of Russian classics: Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), Alexander Scriabin (1872–1915), Sergei Prokofiev (1891–1953) and Dmitri Shostakovich (1906–1975). They were experimental in style", "title": "Russian classical music" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.98, "text": "2019 with Romeo and Juliet. This award-winning repertoire has inspired and thrilled over 6 million people worldwide. Perhaps best-known for its now legendary Swan Lake with its corps de ballet of menacing male swans, New Adventures’ intriguing twists on the ballet classics also include Nutcracker!, Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, The Car Man based on the opera Carmen and Highland Fling based on La Sylphide set in contemporary Glasgow. Bourne has also been inspired by film and literature in his innovative productions of Edward Scissorhands, Dorian Gray, Play Without Words and Lord of the Flies, which united professional dancers and young men", "title": "New Adventures" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.98, "text": "1973), Nutcracker (1966), Spartacus (1968), Swan Lake (1969), Ivan the Terrible (1975), Angara (1976), Romeo and Juliet (1979), The Golden Age (1982), and Raymonda (1984). He also designed Sergeyev's \"\"Raymonda\"\" (Kirov, 1948), \"\"Swan Lake\"\" (Kirov, 1950), and \"\"The Sleeping Beauty\"\" (Kirov, 1952) and Vainonen's \"\"The Nutcracker\"\" (Kirov, 1954). American reviewers, writing of touring Soviet productions, praised Mr. Virsaladze's designs for their grand scale, tastefulness, sensitivity to period and style and for often furthering the action of the ballet. Simon Virsaladze Simon (Soliko) Virsaladze () (Tbilisi, 24 January 1909 – Tbilisi, 9 February 1989) was a Georgian and one of the", "title": "Simon Virsaladze" } ]

[ "291 episodes", "291" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.84, "text": "April 5, 2009, the series premiered in Japan airing in Fuji TV. \"\"Dragon Ball Z Kai\"\" reduced the episode count to 159 episodes (167 episodes internationally), from the original footage of 291 episodes. Damaged frames were removed, resulting in some minor shots being remade from scratch in order to fix cropping, and others to address continuity issues. The majority of the international versions, including Funimation Entertainment's English dub, are titled \"\"Dragon Ball Z Kai\"\". premiered on Fuji TV on February 7, 1996 and ran until November 19, 1997 for 64 episodes. Unlike the first two anime series, it is not", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.75, "text": "61 episodes. Funimation licensed \"\"Dragon Ball Kai\"\" for an English-language release in North America, under the title \"\"Dragon Ball Z Kai\"\". The series was broadcast on Nicktoons from May 24, 2010 to January 1, 2012 (continuing in re-runs until April 2013). In addition to Nicktoons, the series also began airing on the 4Kids-owned Saturday morning programming block Toonzai on The CW in August 2010, then on its successor, the Saban-owned Vortexx, beginning in August 2012 until the block ended in September 2014. Both the Nicktoons and Toonzai/Vortexx airings were edited for content, though the Toonzai/Vortexx version was censored even more", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.84, "text": "manga. He said the reception to \"\"Kai\"\" was positive and Bandai had a hit with a card game, so it all worked out. The series initially concluded with the finale of the Cell arc, as opposed to including the Majin Buu arc. It was originally planned to run 98 episodes, however, due to the Tōhoku offshore earthquake and tsunami, the final episode of \"\"Dragon Ball Kai\"\" was not aired and the series ended on its 97th episode in Japan on March 27, 2011. The 98th episode was later released direct-to-video in Japan on August 2, 2011. In November 2012, Mayumi", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.5, "text": "set released on November 8, 2011. However, production of these 4:3 sets was suspended after the second volume, citing technical concerns over restoring the original film material frame by frame. Only a year later, the company began producing a cropped 16:9 remastered Blu-ray release in 2013, with nine sets released in total. On August 13, 2013, Funimation released all 53 episodes and the three movies from their first \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\" dub created with Saban and Ocean Studios in a collector's DVD box set, titled the \"\"Rock the Dragon Edition\"\". In Japan, \"\"Dragon Ball Kai\"\" was released in wide-screen on", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.48, "text": "It premiered in Japan on Fuji Television on April 26, 1989, taking over its predecessor's time slot, and ran for 291 episodes until its conclusion on January 31, 1996. Because Toriyama was writing the manga during the production of the anime, \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\" added original material not adapted from the manga, including lengthening scenes or adding new ones, and adding new attacks and characters not present in the manga. For example, Toriyama was asked to create an additional character for Goku's training with King Kai, resulting in the cricket Gregory. Throughout the production, the voice actors were tasked with", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.34, "text": "the manga. It premiered in Japan on Fuji Television on April 26, 1989, taking over its predecessor's time slot, and ran for 291 episodes until its conclusion on January 31, 1996. Two television specials based on the \"\"Z\"\" series were aired on Fuji TV in Japan. The first, \"\"The One True Final Battle ~The Z Warrior Who Challenged Freeza -- Son Goku's Father~\"\", renamed \"\"\"\" by Funimation, was shown on October 17, 1990. The second special, \"\"Defiance in the Face of Despair!! The Remaining Super-Warriors: Gohan and Trunks\"\", renamed \"\"\"\" by Funimation, is based on a special chapter of the", "title": "Dragon Ball" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.3, "text": "telecasts of \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\" ranked as the top three programs in all of television, broadcast or cable, for delivery of boys 9-14. In 2001, Cartoon Network obtained licensing to run 96 more episodes and air the original \"\"Dragon Ball\"\" anime and was the top rated show in the Toonami block of Cartoon network. Beginning March 26, 2001, Cartoon Network ran a 12-week special promotion \"\"Toonami Reactor\"\" which included a focus on \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\", which would stream episodes online to high-speed internet users. Many home video releases were met with both the edited and unedited versions placing on in", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.06, "text": "In 2004, Pioneer lost its distribution rights to the first 53/67 episodes of \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\", allowing Funimation to re-dub them with their in-house voice cast and restore the removed content. This dub's background score was composed by Nathan M. Johnson. Funimation's new uncut dub of these episodes aired on Cartoon Network during the summer of 2005 (in late night, due to the unedited content). Funimation's later remastered DVDs of the series saw minor changes made to their in-house dub for quality and consistency, mostly after the episode 67 gap, and had the option to play the entire series' dub", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.55, "text": "skipped the first 16 episodes of the series. Instead, Funimation created a composition episode entitled \"\"A Grand Problem,\"\" which used scenes from the skipped episodes to summarize the story. The skipped episodes were later shown on Cartoon Network as \"\"The Lost Episodes\"\" after the original broadcast concluded. Funimation's English dub began re-airing in the US on Nicktoons from January 16, 2012 to December 13, 2012, and rerun until January 2, 2015 (Due to Adult Swim having rights to air Dragon Ball Z Kai through their Toonami programming block.) AB Groupe (in association with Blue Water Studios) produced an alternate dub", "title": "Dragon Ball GT" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.53, "text": "previously used a similar Vancouver-based voice cast in their short-lived 1995 dub of \"\"Dragon Ball\"\"). Saban musicians Ron Wasserman and Jeremy Sweet, known for their work on the \"\"Power Rangers\"\" franchise, composed a new background score and theme song (nicknamed \"\"Rock the Dragon\"\"). Funimation's initial English dub of \"\"Dragon Ball Z\"\" had mandated cuts to content and length, which reduced the first 67 episodes into 53. It premiered in the United States on September 13, 1996 in first-run syndication, but halted production in 1998 after two seasons. This was due to Saban scaling down its syndication operations, in order to", "title": "Dragon Ball Z" } ]

[ "Kelli Giddish", "Richard Belzer", "Stephanie March", "Diane Neal", "Ice-T", "Danny Pino", "Dann Florek", "Tamara Tunie", "Michaela McManus", "Mariska Hargitay", "Adam Beach", "B. D. Wong", "Christopher Meloni", "Raúl Esparza", "Michelle Hurd", "Peter Scanavino" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.97, "text": "The show starred Christopher Meloni as Detective Elliot Stabler and Mariska Hargitay as Detective Olivia Benson for its first twelve seasons until the former left the cast, unable to come to an agreement on his contract. As of November 29, 2018, \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\" has aired 444 original episodes. On May 9, 2018, NBC renewed the series for a twentieth season, which allowed it to tie the flagship \"\"Law & Order\"\" and \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" for the longest-running scripted drama in U.S. television history. The season premiered on September 27, 2018. The idea for \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.64, "text": "the deleted scenes for \"\"Taken\"\" are not canon. First season cast members Christopher Meloni (Detective Elliot Stabler), Mariska Hargitay (Detective Olivia Benson), Richard Belzer (Detective John Munch), and Dann Florek (Captain Don Cragen) returned to the show for the second season. Cast member Michelle Hurd (Detective Monique Jeffries) began to depart the cast over the first half of the season. Hurd ultimately departed from the series to join the Showtime drama \"\"Leap Years\"\". After her departure from the show, Hurd said, \"\"I think it's just sad they didn't have faith to stick around with me.\"\" However, she said she bore", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 2)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.56, "text": "from the main cast to a guest starring role and recurring actor Joel de la Fuente's not appearing for the first time since 2002. Of the latter change, Warren Leight said, \"\"those scenes [which featured Fuente] can be dry\"\" and hired Gilbert Gottfried as a more comedic replacement. In addition to these changes, Linus Roache became a recurring cast member in his role of Michael Cutter, whom he played on \"\"Law & Order\"\"; on \"\"SVU\"\" former Executive ADA Cutter serves as the Bureau Chief for ADAs attached to the Special Victims Unit. In season 14, Raúl Esparza joined the cast", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.48, "text": "Shapovalova. Casting for the lead characters of \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\" occurred in the spring of 1999. Dick Wolf, along with officials from NBC and Studios USA were at the final auditions for the two leads at Rockefeller Center. The last round had been narrowed down to seven finalists. For the female lead, Detective Olivia Benson, actresses Samantha Mathis, Reiko Aylesworth, and Mariska Hargitay were being considered. For the male role, Detective Elliot Stabler, the finalists were Tim Matheson, John Slattery, Nick Chinlund, and Christopher Meloni. Hargitay and Meloni had auditioned in the final round together and, after", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.45, "text": "Dean Winters (Brian Cassidy), Pablo Schreiber (William Lewis), and Lauren Ambrose (Vanessa Mayer) continued their respective portrayals in the season premiere episode, \"\"Surrender Benson\"\". Winters also starred in the subsequent episodes, \"\"Imprisoned Lives\"\", \"\"Internal Affairs\"\", and \"\"Wonderland Story\"\". Cybill Shepherd guest starred in the 'ripped from the headlines' third episode of the season, which combines the Shooting of Trayvon Martin case and the Paula Deen racial epithet controversy. Shepherd's character, Jolene Castille, thought she was being pursued by a rapist and turned around to discover it was a teenager. She shot him. Jeffrey Tambor reprised his role as Defense Attorney", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 15)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.42, "text": "to the cast and crew. Executive producer Warren Leight revealed that the sixteenth season will follow the events of the previous season finale, with Detective Nick Amaro (Danny Pino) \"\"sent to the bowels of Queens to do traffic stops\"\". Prior to the conclusion of the fifteenth season and hence Sergeant Olivia Benson's (Mariska Hargitay) fostering of baby Noah Porter, Raúl Esparza (Rafael Barba) revealed that, \"\"Benson has a very big, life-changing event take place for her, which I think is gonna last for a while...she might make some choices that are really gonna change her life.\"\" NBC President Robert Greenblatt", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 16)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.34, "text": "In the same episode, Bill Sage, Chazz Palminteri, Stefanie Scott, and Dayton Callie guest star. Sophia Bush guest stars as her \"\"Chicago PD\"\" character Detective Erin Lindsay in the first part of a planned \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\"/\"\"Chicago PD\"\" crossover slated to air on February 26, 2014 after the 2014 Winter Olympics. The episode is titled \"\"Comic Perversion\"\", Jonathan Silverman, Laura Slade Wiggins, and Elizabeth Marvel guest star, Skyler Day returns as Reneè Clark, a character who also plays in the episode \"\"Girl Dishonored\"\" in season 14. In \"\"Gridiron Soldier\"\", Glenn Morshower and Greg Finley guest star. Thomas", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 15)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.31, "text": "in trouble, which prompted a return visit for Kathryn Erbe as Lt. Alexandra Eames. This episode also guest starred: Emilio Rivera, Yul Vazquez and Cathy Moriarty. Richard Thomas starred in the May 15 episode, \"\"Brief Interlude\"\", as a husband and father, whose wife, Kerry Butler, was attacked while attending music festivals in New York City. Pablo Schreiber and Lauren Ambrose guest star in the season finale (May 22), that starts out as a routine arrest by Detective Rollins and ends up being some much worse. On January 10, 2013, NBC announced that former boxer Mike Tyson had been cast to", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 14)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.27, "text": "really looking forward to the future.\"\" Adam Beach fully joined the cast as Detective Chester Lake, who had already appeared twice on the show. A plan announced by Neal Baer in February 2007 was to portray the detective as a special victim himself. This was fulfilled in the episode \"\"Fight\"\" which reveals that Lake was a foster child. However, days after Diane Neal's departure was announced, Adam Beach announced that he was departing the cast as well. \"\"I very much enjoyed my year on \"\"Law & Order: SVU\"\",\"\" Beach said. \"\"Now I'm looking forward to new adventures.\"\" Cynthia Nixon guest", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 9)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.27, "text": "recurring role for episodes 1–3 and then was promoted to the main cast in episode 5, with Kelli Giddish, Danny Pino, Ice-T and Raúl Esparza no longer appearing in every episode. On May 20, 2015, it was revealed that Danny Pino would be leaving the cast after the season 16 finale \"\"Surrendering Noah\"\". In August 2017, it was announced that Philip Winchester would recur in season 19 as ADA Peter Stone, his character from \"\"Chicago P.D.\"\" and \"\"Chicago Justice\"\", who is the son of Benjamin Stone, the ADA on the original \"\"Law & Order\"\" show. It was later also announced", "title": "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit" } ]

[ "planner Raymond Unwin", "architect Barry Parker", "Raymond Unwin" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 27.06, "text": "architect Barry Parker were commissioned to produce an overall plan for a new 'garden' village and the detailed designs for its first houses. They also designed the garden cities of Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City. The building of New Earswick created a balanced village community where rents were kept low, but still represented a modest commercial return on the capital invested. Houses were open to any working people, not just Rowntree employees. The village was to be a demonstration of good practice. The Trust Deed of the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust, which was set up in 1904 to build and", "title": "New Earswick" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.95, "text": "and when he married his star designer Clarice Cliff in 1940, she moved into the house and lived there until 1972. It is her association that has made the house particularly famous since. In 1902 Parker and Unwin were asked to design a model village at New Earswick near York for Joseph and Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree, and the following year they were given the opportunity to take part in the creation of Letchworth (loosely based on the Utopian plan of Ebenezer Howard), when the First Garden City Company asked them to submit a plan. In 1903 they were involved with", "title": "Raymond Unwin" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.72, "text": "jam in 1888. William Lever's Port Sunlight had a village green and its houses espoused an idealised rural vernacular style. Quaker industrialists, George Cadbury and Rowntrees built model villages by their factories. Cadbury built Bournville between 1898 and 1905 and a second phase from 1914 and New Earswick was built in 1902 for Rowntrees. As coal mining expanded villages were built to house coal miners. In Yorkshire, Grimethorpe, Goldthorpe, Woodlands and Fitzwilliam were built to house workers at the collieries. The architect who designed Woodlands and Creswell Model Villages, Percy B. Houfton was influential in the development of the garden", "title": "Model village" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.39, "text": "Austin Shorter, 1882 to 1963) he renamed it Chetwynd House, and that name remains with it to today. Shorter's second wife was the British ceramic designer Clarice Cliff, and it is with her that the house is now most closely identified, as she worked extensively on the large gardens with Shorter for many of her retirement years, and after his death. They collaborated on architectural writing including \"\"The Art of Building a Home\"\" (1901), applying the Arts and Crafts Movement to working-class housing. In 1902 they were asked to design a model village at New Earswick near York for Joseph", "title": "Richard Barry Parker" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.38, "text": "set up to build and manage the garden village of New Earswick, the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust (JRCT) and the Joseph Rowntree Social Services Trust (JRSST). The latter two were both set up to effect social reform, the difference between them being that whereas the Charitable Trust was set up as a charity, the Social Services Trust was set up as a limited company so that if necessary it would be able to undertake social and political work not legally allowed by a charitable Trust. He suggested that only the JRVT would be permanent but in fact all the trusts", "title": "Joseph Rowntree (philanthropist)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.41, "text": "homes, retirement and supported housing, and demonstrates new approaches in these areas. It manages more than 2,000 homes, roughly half of which are in New Earswick, York. The remainder are in the City of York and surrounding areas. JRHT also provides retirement and supported housing services in York and other parts of north-east England. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF) was founded in 1904, and is one of four trusts established by Joseph Rowntree. Then known as the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust, its original purpose was to build and manage the garden village of New Earswick, York. Joseph Rowntree wanted his", "title": "Joseph Rowntree Foundation" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.22, "text": "to the slums that had developed in York and other cities during the previous century, the deprivation of which had been revealed in Seebohm Rowntree's report of 1901, entitled \"\"Poverty: a study of town life\"\". It revealed appalling statistics of dark, overcrowded and insanitary housing. As a result of the report, Joseph Rowntree's conviction that it must be possible to provide better housing for people on low incomes led him to acquire 150 acres of land near the village of Earswick, two and a half miles to the north of the centre of York. The planner Raymond Unwin and the", "title": "New Earswick" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.14, "text": "founded by the York philanthropist, Joseph Rowntree, who was quoted as saying, \"\"I do not want to establish communities bearing the stamp of charity but rather of rightly ordered and self governing communities\"\". The first 28 houses were built between 1902 and 1904 by the architect Raymond Unwin, after which the Joseph Rowntree Village Trust (now the Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust) was established to continue building and manage the new village. The Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust is part of the Joseph Rowntree Foundation. The village had contemporaries such as Bournville, Saltaire, Port Sunlight and others. This was in sharp contrast", "title": "New Earswick" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.55, "text": "not designed specifically for the workforce of the nearby Joseph Rowntree Cocoa Works although some do earn their living at the factory which was taken over by Swiss firm, Nestle in 1988. Transdev York operate a bus service that stops in the village as part of the Askham Bar to Clifton Moor route. First Group operate two bus services that stop in the village as part of the Wigginton to Acomb and Haxby to York City Centre routes. New Earswick was served by Earswick railway station on the York to Beverley Line between 1847 and 1965. There are both primary", "title": "New Earswick" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.42, "text": "centre with equal views and access from every dwelling, was echoed in Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City values and has been carried out in various permutations around the world. One example is Milleara Estate in Avondale Heights, Victoria, Australia, designed by Walter Burley Griffin. Much of the influence of Whitwell's New Harmony design can be credited to Owen, who toured both the United States and the United Kingdom promoting the plan, even persuading President John Quincy Adams to keep a model of it in his office for a period of time. Owen continued to exhibit and publish it after Whitwell's death", "title": "Thomas Stedman Whitwell" } ]

[ "photoreceptor proteins that sense light", "eyespots" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.41, "text": "skulls for blood vessels and nerves to go through. All this adds to the growing amount of evidence that supports Darwin's theory. The first fossils of eyes found to date are from the lower Cambrian period (about ). The lower Cambrian had a burst of apparently rapid evolution, called the \"\"Cambrian explosion\"\". One of the many hypotheses for \"\"causes\"\" of the Cambrian explosion is the \"\"Light Switch\"\" theory of Andrew Parker: It holds that the evolution of eyes started an arms race that accelerated evolution. Before the Cambrian explosion, animals may have sensed light, but did not use it for", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.33, "text": "any other mechanism\"\" to \"\"a moderately high stage of perfection\"\", and gave examples of existing intermediate steps. Current research is investigating the genetic mechanisms underlying eye development and evolution. Biologist D.E. Nilsson has independently theorized about four general stages in the evolution of a vertebrate eye from a patch of photoreceptors. Nilsson and S. Pelger estimated in a classic paper that only a few hundred thousand generations are needed to evolve a complex eye in vertebrates. Another researcher, G.C. Young, has used the fossil record to infer evolutionary conclusions, based on the structure of eye orbits and openings in fossilized", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.48, "text": "same side of the head. A transitional fossil from the common symmetric position is Amphistium. Evolution of the eye Many researchers have found the evolution of the eye attractive to study, because the eye distinctively exemplifies an analogous organ found in many animal forms. Simple light detection is found in bacteria, single-celled organisms, plants and animals. Complex, image-forming eyes have evolved independently several times. Complex eyes appeared first within the few million years of the Cambrian explosion. From before the Cambrian, no evidence of eyes has survived, but diverse eyes are known from the Burgess shale of the Middle Cambrian,", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.45, "text": "additional explanations: sight is caused by a particular series of evolutionary steps (phylogeny), the mechanics of the eye (mechanism/causation), and even the process of an individual's development (ontogeny). Although these answers may be very different, they are consistent with each other. This idea was formulated in the 1960s when Tinbergen delineated the four questions based on Aristotle's four causes. This schema constitutes a basic framework of the overlapping behavioural fields of ethology, behavioural ecology, comparative psychology, sociobiology, evolutionary psychology, and anthropology. It was in fact Julian Huxley who identified the first three questions, Niko Tinbergen gave only the fourth question,", "title": "Tinbergen's four questions" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.38, "text": "of their owners. They vary in their visual acuity, the range of wavelengths they can detect, their sensitivity in low light, their ability to detect motion or to resolve objects, and whether they can discriminate colours. In 1802, philosopher William Paley called it a miracle of \"\"design\"\". Charles Darwin himself wrote in his \"\"Origin of Species\"\", that the evolution of the eye by natural selection seemed at first glance \"\"absurd in the highest possible degree\"\". However, he went on that despite the difficulty in imagining it, its evolution was perfectly feasible: ...if numerous gradations from a simple and imperfect eye", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.03, "text": "Evolution of the eye Many researchers have found the evolution of the eye attractive to study, because the eye distinctively exemplifies an analogous organ found in many animal forms. Simple light detection is found in bacteria, single-celled organisms, plants and animals. Complex, image-forming eyes have evolved independently several times. Complex eyes appeared first within the few million years of the Cambrian explosion. From before the Cambrian, no evidence of eyes has survived, but diverse eyes are known from the Burgess shale of the Middle Cambrian, and from the slightly older Emu Bay Shale. Eyes are adapted to the various requirements", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.91, "text": "at least one eye is either planted in ponds or directly into a flooded field. There are several other propagation ways via seeds or buds. Furthermore, tissue culture is a promising propagation method for the future to produce high volumes of uniform, true-to-type, disease free materials. First step of the cultivation is to plough the dry field. One round of manure is applied after ten days, before flooding the field. To support a quick initial growth, the water level is hold relatively low and is increased when plants grow. Then a maximum of approximately 4000 rhizome pieces per hectare (10000", "title": "Nelumbo nucifera" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.89, "text": "behaviors have been identified, in two primary groups: Below 450 nm, associated with direct light, and above 450 nm, associated with reflected light. As opsin molecules were tuned to detect different wavelengths of light, at some point color vision developed when the photoreceptor cells used differently tuned opsins. This may have happened at any of the early stages of the eye's evolution, and may have disappeared and reevolved as organisms became predator or prey. Similarly, night and day vision emerged when photoreceptor cells differentiated into rods and cones, respectively. As discussed earlier, the properties of light under water differ from", "title": "Evolution of the eye" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.69, "text": "and the interior of the eye was filled with humours to assist in focusing images. In this way, eyes are recognized by modern biologists as actually a relatively unambiguous and simple structure to evolve, and many of the major developments of the eye's evolution are believed to have taken place over only a few million years, during the Cambrian explosion. Behe asserts that this is only an explanation of the gross anatomical steps, however, and not an explanation of the changes in discrete biochemical systems that would have needed to take place. Behe maintains that the complexity of light sensitivity", "title": "Irreducible complexity" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.56, "text": "body and iris. During the invagination of the optic cup, the ectoderm begins to thicken and form the lens placode, which eventually separates from the ectoderm to form the lens vesicle at the open end of the optic cup. Further differentiation and mechanical rearrangement of cells in and around the optic cup gives rise to the fully developed eye. This development is an example of sequential inductions where the organ is formed from three different tissues: First, there is an outpocketing of the neural tube called optic vesicles. Development of the optic vesicles starts in the 3-week embryo, from a", "title": "Eye development" } ]

[ "Oak Island" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.27, "text": "The Curse of Oak Island The Curse of Oak Island is an active reality television series that first premiered in Canada on the History network on January 5, 2014. The show features what is known as the Oak Island mystery, showing efforts to search for historical artifacts and treasure. \"\"The Curse of Oak Island\"\" follows brothers Marty and Rick Lagina, originally from Kingsford, Michigan, through their efforts to find the speculated treasure or historical artifacts believed to be on Oak Island. The series discusses the history of the island, recent discoveries, theories, and prior attempts to investigate the site. Areas", "title": "The Curse of Oak Island" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.08, "text": "Inc. approved $1,271,546 in film funding for the production of the 4th season. In October 2017, a fifth season was announced, which began airing on November 7, 2017. Season 6 began airing November 13, 2018. The Curse of Oak Island The Curse of Oak Island is an active reality television series that first premiered in Canada on the History network on January 5, 2014. The show features what is known as the Oak Island mystery, showing efforts to search for historical artifacts and treasure. \"\"The Curse of Oak Island\"\" follows brothers Marty and Rick Lagina, originally from Kingsford, Michigan, through", "title": "The Curse of Oak Island" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.14, "text": "the documentary \"\"Reckless Indifference\"\", and he was an executive producer on the Oprah Winfrey Network mini-series, \"\"Miracle Detectives\"\". Sullivan is also an actor on the History Channel reality-TV show, \"\"The Curse of Oak Island\"\", where he plays himself. He is currently executive producing the upcoming film, \"\"City of Lies\"\" starring Johnny Depp and Forest Whitaker. Sullivan lives in Portland, Oregon. For most of his life Sullivan identified as an atheist, but in 1995 he underwent a spiritual conversion to Catholicism while he was in Medjugorje reporting on the Bosnian War. This experience was influential to his research and writing of", "title": "Randall Sullivan" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.78, "text": "of interest include the \"\"Money Pit\"\", Borehole 10-x, Smith's Cove, \"\"Nolan's Cross\"\", the \"\"Hatch\"\", the \"\"Watchtower\"\" and the \"\"Swamp\"\". The Lagina brothers became fascinated with the island after reading the January 1965 issue of \"\"Reader's Digest\"\" magazine that features an article on the Restall family's work to investigate the so-called \"\"Money Pit\"\". Marty and his brother Rick obtained a controlling interest in Oak Island Tours, which reportedly owns most of the island. The brothers were later approached by Prometheus Entertainment to do a reality show. Rick and Marty have engaged the assistance of father-and-son Dan and Dave Blankenship, permanent residents", "title": "The Curse of Oak Island" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.75, "text": "celebrity autographs, and Victorian chastity belts. In the season 4 finale episode of History channel's The Curse of Oak Island, Dr. Lori Verderame reviewed and provided historical perspective on treasure spoils discovered on Oak Island including a gold cross, gold plated button, and Spanish galleon spike among other items. A native of New Haven, CT, Verderame graduated from Hamden High School in Hamden, CT. She graduated from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor with a Bachelor of Arts degree in World History. She has a Master of Arts degree in Liberal Studies with an emphasis in History and Art", "title": "Lori Verderame" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.52, "text": "Lori Verderame Lori Verderame (best known as Dr. Lori) is a TV personality, author, art, collectibles, and antiques appraiser with a Ph.D. in art, antiques and architectural history from Penn State University. She resides in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Dr. Lori Verderame is the award winning antiquities expert on the History channel’s #1 rated TV show, The Curse of Oak Island which airs internationally on the History Channel. She is also the star appraiser on the American TV show \"\"Auction Kings\"\" which airs internationally on Discovery channel. On Discovery's Auction Kings, she appraised Thomas Jefferson's writing desk, Elizabeth Taylor's photographs from", "title": "Lori Verderame" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.5, "text": "of the island who have likewise been searching for treasure since the 1960s. The series explores various Oak Island theories and conjectures through conversations with independent researchers. Persons featured have included Zena Halpern discussing her theory about North African gold and sharing copies of a French map of the island which she claims is dated 1347; J. Hutton Pulitzer discussing his theory of ancient mariner visitations; Petter Amundsen discussing his theory about codes hidden in Shakespearean literature and a secret project involving Sir Francis Bacon and the Rosicrucians; Daniel Ronnstam discussing his theory about the 90 foot stone being a", "title": "The Curse of Oak Island" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.45, "text": "Frederick G. Nolan Frederick G. Nolan (July 5, 1927 – June 4, 2016) was a land surveyor as well as a known Oak Island treasure hunter. He has appeared on the History Channel's TV series about the Island, The Curse of Oak Island, in episodes 7 and 8 of season 3. Nolan was one of the first land surveyors in the province of Nova Scotia to receive designation as a Provincial Land Surveyor. With his brother he opened a surveying company called Nolan Brothers Surveys. Some of their notable works include the layout of the entire Westmount Subdivision at the", "title": "Frederick G. Nolan" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.27, "text": "on June 4, 2016, at the age of 88. Frederick G. Nolan Frederick G. Nolan (July 5, 1927 – June 4, 2016) was a land surveyor as well as a known Oak Island treasure hunter. He has appeared on the History Channel's TV series about the Island, The Curse of Oak Island, in episodes 7 and 8 of season 3. Nolan was one of the first land surveyors in the province of Nova Scotia to receive designation as a Provincial Land Surveyor. With his brother he opened a surveying company called Nolan Brothers Surveys. Some of their notable works include", "title": "Frederick G. Nolan" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 20.92, "text": "known as the Money Pit, a formation of boulders called Nolan's Cross, the beach at Smith's Cove, and a triangle-shaped swamp. The Money Pit area has been repeatedly excavated; critics argue that there is no treasure and that the Money Pit is a natural phenomenon. More than fifty books have been published recounting the island's history and exploring competing theories. Several works of fiction have been based upon the Money Pit, including \"\"The Money Pit Mystery\"\", \"\"Riptide\"\", \"\"The Hand of Robin Squires\"\", and \"\"Betrayed: The Legend of Oak Island\"\". In January 2014, the History Channel aired \"\"The Curse of Oak", "title": "Oak Island" } ]

[ "beneath the liver" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.3, "text": "3D Indiana 3D Indiana is a commercial Educational software for teaching and research on the human anatomy. The name is an acronym for Three-Dimensional Interactive Digital Anatomy. This software is based on the principles of \"\"volumetric anatomy\"\" which uses three intersecting coordinate planes to locate the organs of the human body based on mathematical calculations. This is in contrast to the traditional method of describing the location of the organs in relation to one another. The Gall bladder is traditionally described thus: 'It is situated on the right side of the body closely in contact with the inferior surface of", "title": "3D Indiana" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.23, "text": "is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen and below the diaphragm to which it is attached at one part, This is to the right of the stomach and it overlies the gall bladder. The liver produces bile, an important alkaline compound which aids digestion. Bile produced by the liver is made up of water (97%), bile salts, mucus and pigments, 1% fats and inorganic salts. Bilirubin is its major pigment. Bile acts partly as a surfactant which lowers the surface tension between either two liquids or a solid and a liquid and helps to emulsify the fats", "title": "Human digestive system" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 20.05, "text": "Gallbladder In vertebrates, the gallbladder is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine. In humans, the pear-shaped gallbladder lies beneath the liver, although the structure and position of the gallbladder can vary significantly among animal species. It receives and stores bile, produced by the liver, via the common hepatic duct and releases it via the common bile duct into the duodenum, where the bile helps in the digestion of fats. The gallbladder can be affected by gallstones, formed by material that cannot be dissolved – usually cholesterol or bilirubin,", "title": "Gallbladder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.55, "text": "position between different people. Rarely, two or even three gallbladders may coexist, either as separate bladders draining into the cystic duct, or sharing a common branch that drains into the cystic duct. Additionally, the gallbladder may fail to form at all. Gallbladders with two lobes separated by a septum may also exist. These abnormalities are not likely to affect function and are generally asymptomatic. The location of the gallbladder in relation to the liver may also vary, with documented variants including gallbladders found within, above, on the left side of, behind, and detached or suspended from the liver. Such variants", "title": "Gallbladder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.45, "text": "gall bladder and pancreas and filters the blood. The thymus is located in fatty tissue above the heart and is responsible for the generation of immune cells in the blood. The cardiovascular system of snakes is also unique for the presence of a renal portal system in which the blood from the snake's tail passes through the kidneys before returning to the heart. The vestigial left lung is often small or sometimes even absent, as snakes' tubular bodies require all of their organs to be long and thin. In the majority of species, only one lung is functional. This lung", "title": "Snake" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 19, "text": "surgeons Phillipe Mouret and Francois Dubois are often credited for their operations in 1987 and 1988 respectively. Gallbladder In vertebrates, the gallbladder is a small hollow organ where bile is stored and concentrated before it is released into the small intestine. In humans, the pear-shaped gallbladder lies beneath the liver, although the structure and position of the gallbladder can vary significantly among animal species. It receives and stores bile, produced by the liver, via the common hepatic duct and releases it via the common bile duct into the duodenum, where the bile helps in the digestion of fats. The gallbladder", "title": "Gallbladder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.64, "text": "is shaped like a pear, with its tip opening into the cystic duct. The gallbladder is divided into three sections: the \"\"fundus\"\", \"\"body\"\", and \"\"neck\"\". The \"\"fundus\"\" is the rounded base, angled so that it faces the abdominal wall. The \"\"body\"\" lies in a depression in the surface of the lower liver. The \"\"neck\"\" tapers and is continuous with the cystic duct, part of the biliary tree. The gallbladder fossa, against which the fundus and body of the gallbladder lie, is found beneath the junction of hepatic segments IVB and V. The cystic duct unites with the common hepatic duct", "title": "Gallbladder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.62, "text": "Urinary bladder The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ in humans and some other animals that collects and stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination. In the human the bladder is a hollow muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ, that sits on the pelvic floor. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra. The typical human bladder will hold between 300 and (10.14 and ) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more. In humans, the bladder is a hollow muscular organ situated at the base of the pelvis. Urine", "title": "Urinary bladder" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.39, "text": "Abdominal cavity The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in humans and many other animals that contains many organs. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. It is located below the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. Its dome-shaped roof is the thoracic diaphragm, a thin sheet of muscle under the lungs, and its floor is the pelvic inlet, opening into the pelvis. Organs of the abdominal cavity include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, large intestine, and adrenal glands. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The inside", "title": "Abdominal cavity" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 18.14, "text": "Kartagener syndrome can also manifest with male infertility as functional cilia are required for proper sperm flagella function. The condition affects all major structures within the thorax and abdomen. Generally, the organs are simply transposed through the sagittal plane. The heart is located on the right side of the thorax, the stomach and spleen on the right side of the abdomen and the liver and gall bladder on the left side. The heart's normal right atrium occurs on the left, and the left atrium is on the right. The lung anatomy is reversed and the left lung has three lobes", "title": "Situs inversus" } ]

[ "David J. Ryder", "David Motl" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 27.86, "text": "David J. Ryder David J. Ryder (born October 14, 1955) is the current Director of the United States Mint. He formerly was in the same position from 1992 to 1993. David J. Ryder was born in Billings, Montana on October 14, 1955. He attended Boise State University. Ryder worked for the United States Department of Commerce as deputy commissioner general of the U.S. Pavilion at the 1984 Louisiana World Exposition 1983–84, and then commissioner general 1984–85. From 1985 to 1986, he worked in the Office of the Vice President of the United States as Director of Advance. He was director", "title": "David J. Ryder" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 27.83, "text": "November 1993 via a recess appointment. In 2017, Ryder was again nominated as Director of the United States Mint by President Donald Trump and confirmed by a voice vote on March 21, 2018. David J. Ryder David J. Ryder (born October 14, 1955) is the current Director of the United States Mint. He formerly was in the same position from 1992 to 1993. David J. Ryder was born in Billings, Montana on October 14, 1955. He attended Boise State University. Ryder worked for the United States Department of Commerce as deputy commissioner general of the U.S. Pavilion at the 1984", "title": "David J. Ryder" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 26.61, "text": "Director of the United States Mint The Director of the United States Mint is a presidential appointment needing Senate confirmation. David J. Ryder became director in April 2018. He previously served as director from 1992 to 1993. When the position of director is vacant, the senior career (non-political) official of the mint serves as the acting director/deputy director. Until the appointment of Mr. Ryder as director, the mint had been without an official director since the resignation of Edmund C. Moy in 2011. Richard A. Peterson succeeded Mr. Moy and was the longest-serving acting director/deputy director in the mint's history.", "title": "Director of the United States Mint" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 26.2, "text": "Mr. Peterson served between January 2011 and March 2017. In July 2015 Matthew Rhett Jeppson was nominated by President Barack Obama to become the mint's 39th director and was given the temporary title of principal deputy director. However, the nomination was never confirmed by the Senate. Mr. Jeppson stepped down as principal deputy director in January 2017, being replaced by Acting Principal Deputy Director David Motl. The office of director has existed since the creation of the Mint by the Coinage Act of 1792. Initially appointed serving at the pleasure of the President of the United States, the Coinage Act", "title": "Director of the United States Mint" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 26.06, "text": "of 1873 specified a five-year term for directors. The director operates with general directions provided by the United States Secretary of the Treasury. Director of the United States Mint The Director of the United States Mint is a presidential appointment needing Senate confirmation. David J. Ryder became director in April 2018. He previously served as director from 1992 to 1993. When the position of director is vacant, the senior career (non-political) official of the mint serves as the acting director/deputy director. Until the appointment of Mr. Ryder as director, the mint had been without an official director since the resignation", "title": "Director of the United States Mint" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 25.98, "text": "Philip N. Diehl Philip Noel Diehl (born June 11, 1951) is the 35th Director of the United States Mint. He is currently president of U.S. Money Reserve, a published analyst of gold markets, chairman of the board of the Standish Foundation for Children, and a member of the boards of the Industry Council for Tangible Assets, the Coalition for Equitable Regulation and Taxation, and the Gold and Silver Political Action Committee. Diehl was born in Dallas, Texas to Will A Diehl, a decorated World War II pilot who flew The Hump, and the former Wandah Marguerite Findley. He is married", "title": "Philip N. Diehl" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.05, "text": "Department and was named Chief of Staff to Treasury Secretary Bentsen. After serving as staff director of the Senate Finance Committee and chief of staff of the U.S. Treasury, Diehl was nominated by President Bill Clinton to be Director of the United States Mint. He was unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate and served in the position until March 2000. Diehl led a dramatic turnaround of the Mint. By the time he left the agency in March 2000, he had persuaded Congress to exempt the Mint from all procurement regulations and annual appropriations, eliminated nine of ten political patronage", "title": "Philip N. Diehl" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.83, "text": "Public Law 104-208, was abolished by Congress. On February 3, 2009, Mint Director Edmund C. Moy, appointed John Mercanti to the position of Chief Engraver, with duties and prerogatives determined by the Mints Office of Public Affairs. The appointment was not a restoration of the original congressionally approved office, but a temporary promotion, renewable annually for one officeholder for no more than five years. Since Mercanti's retirement in 2010 and as of 2017, no other person has been so promoted. Chief Engraver of the United States Mint The Chief Engraver of the United States Mint is the highest staff member", "title": "Chief Engraver of the United States Mint" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.78, "text": "for presidential appointments in the general areas of human, natural and cultural resources. In 2003, he served on the transition team for the newly created Department of Homeland Security. On June 29, 2006, President Bush nominated Moy to serve as the 38th Director of the United States Mint. He was sworn in on September 5 of the same year. Moy earned the Alexander Hamilton Medal for public service, awarded by then-Treasury Secretary Henry M. Paulson, Jr. Moy announced his resignation as Director of the United States Mint on December 20, 2010, effective January 9, 2011. After leaving the United States", "title": "Edmund C. Moy" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.72, "text": "Hill University from 2013 to 2014. On September 19, 2012, Boerio was nominated by President Barack Obama to become director of the United States Mint, however Congress never acted to confirm her appointment. She announced a congressional run in March 2018 for Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. On May 15, 2018, she won the Democratic primary and became the party's nominee. In the November 2018 general election, Boerio was defeated by Republican Guy Reschenthaler. Boerio won 42.1% of the vote to Reschenthaler's 57.9% Bibiana Boerio Bibiana Boerio (born 17 March 1954) is an American businesswoman. She has served as the managing", "title": "Bibiana Boerio" } ]

[ "Yaya Touré" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24, "text": "Foreign Player\"\" of the year award by the Egyptian Football Association. His form in the 2014–15 season both for his club and the national team saw him nominated for the 2014–15 CAF African Footballer (Based in Africa) of the year award. Mohamed is part of the first team squad of the Burkina Faso national football team. He was selected for the national team for the first time in 2006. He made his first appearance and scored his first goal for Burkina Faso national football team on 15 November 2006 in a 2–1 win over Algeria national football team in a", "title": "Mohamed Koffi" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.8, "text": "the Constant Vanden Stock Stadium on 6 April 2014, a game in which he also assisted Cyriac. Tielemans won the Belgian Young Player of the Year award in each of his first two seasons. Tielemans scored 13 times in 37 Belgian First Division A matches as Anderlecht won the 2016–17 Belgian First Division A. He won the 2017 Ebony Shoe Award for best player of African origin, and was named 2016–17 Belgian Professional Footballer of the Year. He scored 5 goals in 15 2016–17 UEFA Europa League matches, with his club reaching the quarter-finals, and was selected in its Squad", "title": "Youri Tielemans" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.66, "text": "squads for a variety of tournaments, including at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. In 2014, South Africa's coach Vera Pauw deployed Matlou—previously a striker, as a defender. In 2008, she became the first South African to be named African Women's Footballer of the Year by the Confederation of African Football. Noko Matlou Noko Alice Matlou (born 30 September 1985) is a South African women's footballer who plays as a striker for MaIndies. She has represented the South Africa women's national football team both as a striker and a defender. In 2008, Matlou became the first South African", "title": "Noko Matlou" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.41, "text": "as the top scorer in the CAF champions league with a total of 9 goals. His feat in the continental competition led to his nomination for the award of CAF African footballer of the year at the end of 2016. Following the departure of Chinedu Udoji to Kano Pillars in December 2016, Mfon Udoh was named the captain of Enyimba F.C. On September 14, 2018, he announced his departure after seeing off his contract with the club. In November 2014 he was called up to a friendly game between Nigerian and Ghanaian home-based teams. He made his first appearance for", "title": "Mfon Udoh" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.31, "text": "midfielder. She was nicknamed \"\"Seedorf\"\" after male footballer Clarence Seedorf and has also been referred to as \"\"Superzee\"\" by her teammates. She was named best player and with seven goals was also the top goal scorer at the 2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. She was also named best player and second top goalscorer with the Super Falcons team who won the 2014 African Women's Championship. She also won the BBC Women's Footballer of the Year 2015. In September 2014 Oshoala was made a Member of the Order of the Niger by President of Nigeria Goodluck Jonathan. On 8 June", "title": "Asisat Oshoala" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.14, "text": "her country win the title. She also set a record by scoring nine overall goals during the tournament, and was named the best player of the tournament. Nkwocha was voted African Women's Footballer of the Year in 2004, 2005, 2010 and 2011 by Confederation of African Football (CAF). Nkwocha has also participated in four FIFA Women's World Cup (2003, 2007, 2011 and 2015), as well as the Olympic tournaments of Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, and Beijing 2008. She played for Swedish side Sunnanå SK in both the top division (Damallsvenskan) and the second division (Elitettan) leagues from 2007 until 2014.", "title": "Perpetua Nkwocha" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.14, "text": "time, Touré was voted African Footballer of the Year for 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. Touré began his playing career at Ivorian club ASEC Mimosas, where he made his debut at age 18. His performances attracted attention from Europe. He had stints with Beveren, Metalurh Donetsk, Olympiacos and Monaco before moving to Barcelona in 2007. He played over 70 matches for the club and was part of the historic 2009 Barcelona side that won six trophies in a calendar year. In 2010, Touré moved to Premier League club Manchester City, where he scored a number of key goals, most notably", "title": "Yaya Touré" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.09, "text": "Abedi Pelé in 1992. \"\"France Football\"\" discontinued the election from 1995 after the European Ballon d'Or – also awarded by the magazine – had been opened to all players in the European leagues. On 2 February 2008, Sevilla's Frédéric Kanouté was named the 2007 African Footballer of the Year. Kanouté, who was born in France, is the first European-born player to win the award (he plays for his father's native country of Mali). The award by \"\"France Football\"\" magazine was awarded to the best African footballer between 1970 and 1994. The award was discontinued in 1995 after the European Footballer", "title": "African Footballer of the Year" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23, "text": "September 2013 on a 3-year contract. In August 2014, he signs a contract with Ajax Cape Town for one season. Zambia On 2 February 2008 Mulenga was named The 2007 Glo-CAF Young Player of the Year beating off competition from Congo Brazzaville’s Franchel Ibara and Nigeria’s Oseni Gani both of whom have been touted as future African stars. Clifford Mulenga Clifford Mulenga (born August 5, 1987 in Kabompo) is a Zambian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ajax Cape Town in the South African Premier Soccer League. Mulenga was part of the Zambian 2006 African Nations Cup team who", "title": "Clifford Mulenga" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23, "text": "League at the end of his first season. In the 2015–16 season he was the Algerian Footballer of the Year, the PFA Players' Player of the Year, and was a member of the Premier League PFA Team of the Year as he helped Leicester City win the Premier League. Born in France, Mahrez made his international debut for Algeria in 2014 and represented them at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and both the 2015 and 2017 Africa Cup of Nations. In 2016 he was named CAF's African Footballer of the Year. Mahrez was born in Sarcelles, France, to an Algerian", "title": "Riyad Mahrez" } ]

[ "Lithium", "lithium" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.5, "text": "cost, low toxicity, well-defined performance, long-term stability, etc. is finding a number of roles in vehicle use, utility scale stationary applications, and backup power. is a natural mineral of the olivine family (triphylite). Its use as a battery electrode which was first described in published literature by John B. Goodenough's research group at the University of Texas in 1996, as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Because of its low cost, non-toxicity, the natural abundance of iron, its excellent thermal stability, safety characteristics, electrochemical performance, and specific capacity (170 mA·h/g, or 610 C/g) it has gained considerable market acceptance.", "title": "Lithium iron phosphate battery" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.47, "text": "increased tendency for costlier components to be targeted for replacement by new technologies. Current projections of the global market for lithium-ion batteries range from $26 billion in 2023 (\"\"Navigant Research\"\") to a very optimistic $33 billion in 2019 (\"\"Transparency Market Research\"\"). Lithium metal is an extremely soft, highly reactive, and flammable element. It is most frequently found in deposits such as spodumene and pegmatite minerals, with larger resources in the U.S., Canada, Australia, China, Zimbabwe, and Russia. Lithium possesses a unique chemical profile making it the lightest metal in the periodic table and the least dense solid element. Its atomic", "title": "Lithium as an investment" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.47, "text": "Lithium battery Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have lithium as an anode. These types of batteries are also referred to as lithium-metal batteries. They stand apart from other batteries in their high charge density (long life) and high cost per unit. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from (comparable to a zinc–carbon or alkaline battery) to about . Disposable primary lithium batteries must be distinguished from secondary lithium-ion, lithium iron phosphate and lithium-polymer, which are rechargeable batteries. Lithium is especially useful, because its ions can be arranged to move between the anode", "title": "Lithium battery" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.11, "text": "Museum in London and the National Research Council of Canada conducted tests on it. Chris Stanley, from the Natural History Museum, described Jadarite as being unique to mineralogy. The mineral discovery may be commercially important because the mineral contains lithium and boron, both relatively rare industrially important elements. Lithium is used for lithium batteries; boron is used in alloys, ceramic, glasses, and other applications. It is estimated that there are 200 million tons of the lithium borate ore, which would make the future Jadar mines one of the world's largest lithium deposits, supplying 10% of the world's demand for lithium.", "title": "Jadarite" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.94, "text": "controlled by US Federal regulations. Another manufacturer states that \"\"button\"\" size lithium batteries contain perchlorate, which is regulated as a hazardous waste in California; regulated quantities would not be found in typical consumer use of these cells. Lithium battery Lithium batteries are primary batteries that have lithium as an anode. These types of batteries are also referred to as lithium-metal batteries. They stand apart from other batteries in their high charge density (long life) and high cost per unit. Depending on the design and chemical compounds used, lithium cells can produce voltages from (comparable to a zinc–carbon or alkaline battery)", "title": "Lithium battery" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.75, "text": "In 2015 researchers announced an electrolyte using superionic lithium-ion conductors, which are compounds of lithium, germanium, phosphorus and sulfur. In March 2017, researchers announced a solid-state battery with a glassy ferroelectric electrolyte of lithium, oxygen, and chlorine ions doped with barium, a lithium metal anode, and a composite cathode in contact with a copper substrate. A spring behind the copper cathode substrate holds the layers together as the electrodes change thickness. The cathode comprises particles of sulfur \"\"redox center\"\", carbon, and electrolyte. During discharge, the lithium ions plate the cathode with lithium metal and the sulfur is not reduced unless", "title": "Research in lithium-ion batteries" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.56, "text": "non-coordinating anion salts such as lithium hexafluorophosphate (), lithium hexafluoroarsenate monohydrate (), lithium perchlorate (), lithium tetrafluoroborate (), and lithium triflate (). Depending on materials choices, the voltage, energy density, life, and safety of a lithium-ion battery can change dramatically. Recently, novel architectures using nanotechnology have been employed to improve performance. Pure lithium is highly reactive. It reacts vigorously with water to form lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and hydrogen gas. Thus, a non-aqueous electrolyte is typically used, and a sealed container rigidly excludes moisture from the battery pack. Lithium-ion batteries are more expensive than NiCd batteries but operate over a wider", "title": "Lithium-ion battery" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.55, "text": "manganese oxide (), and lithium nickel oxide (). The anodes are generally made of carbon. Lithium iron phosphate exists naturally in the form of the mineral triphylite, but such material have insufficient purity for use in batteries. With general chemical formula of , adopts the olivine structure. M includes not only Fe but also Co, Mn and Ti. The first commercial was C/ and therefore, refer to the whole group of as lithium iron phosphate, . However, more than one olivine-type phase may be used as a battery's cathode material. Olivine compounds such as , , and have the same", "title": "Lithium iron phosphate" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.47, "text": "52 per cent increase in the estimated lithium resources at the Mina do Barroso Lithium Project in northern Portugal, saying the country could become the first European supplier of spodumene, a lithium-bearing mineral. The company said the estimated mineral resources at the mine now stood at 14 million tonnes. Lithium prices have risen in expectation of growing demand for the mineral, which is used in batteries for electric vehicles and for storing electricity from the power grid. Europe consumes more than 20 per cent of the global supply of battery-grade lithium but currently has to import all its supplies of", "title": "Portugal" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.45, "text": "of thionyl chloride (SOCl), lithium tetrachloroaluminate (), and niobium pentachloride () which act as the catholyte, electrolyte, electron sink, and dendrite preventive during reverse voltage condition, electrolyte, respectively. A porous carbon material serves as a cathode current collector which receives electrons from the external circuit. Lithium-thionyl chloride batteries are well suited to extremely low-current or moderate pulse applications where a service life of up to 40 years is necessary. The liquid organic electrolyte is a solution of an ion-forming inorganic lithium compound in a mixture of a high-permittivity solvent (propylene carbonate) and a low-viscosity solvent (dimethoxyethane). Engineers at the University", "title": "Lithium battery" } ]

[ "constitutional right" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.86, "text": "44th Amendment, w.e.f. 10.6.1979). The amendment ensured that the right to property‟ is no longer a fundamental right but rather a constitutional/legal right/as a statutory right and in the event of breach, the remedy available to an aggrieved person is through the High Court under Article 226 of the Indian Constitution and not the Supreme Court under Article 32 of the Constitution. State must pay compensation at the market value for such land, building or structure acquired (Inserted by Constitution, Seventeenth Amendment) Act, 1964, the same can be found in the earlier rulings when property right was a fundamental right", "title": "Land acquisition in India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.75, "text": "on Property, Contracts, Right, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits Articles 294 - 300 on Succession to property assets, liabilities, and obligations. Article 300A on the Right to Property Article 300A - on Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law. Part XII of the Constitution of India Part XII is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of. This part of the constitution consists of Articles on Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits. Articles 264 - 291 on Finance Articles 264 - 267", "title": "Part XII of the Constitution of India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.75, "text": "that \"\"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.\"\" It also provided that compensation would be paid to a person whose property has been taken for public purposes. The provisions relating to the right to property were changed a number of times. The Forty-Fourth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights A new provision, Article 300-A, was added to the constitution, which provided that \"\"no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law\"\". Thus if a legislature makes a law depriving a person of", "title": "Fundamental rights in India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.66, "text": "the Constitution of India, which has been made applicable to the State of Jammu and Kashmir and till date continues to be in force in the State, recognizes the right to own, hold and dispose of property, which right otherwise is inherent in the State subjects/citizens of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, who stand defined in terms of Elans/Orders of His Highness and the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir. Laws have their own universe. They operate in matter and not in vacuum. The laws are located in time and space. In the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the immovable", "title": "Article 35A of the Constitution of India" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.56, "text": "his property, there would be no obligation on the part of the State to pay anything as compensation. The aggrieved person shall have no right to move the court under Article 32. Thus, the right to property is no longer a fundamental right, though it is still a constitutional right. If the government appears to have acted unfairly, the action can be challenged in a court of law by aggrieved citizens. The liberalisation of the economy and the government's initiative to set up special economic zones has led to many protests by farmers and have led to calls for the", "title": "Fundamental rights in India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.28, "text": "Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India The Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 1971, curtailed the right to property, and permitted the acquisition of private property by the government for public use, on the payment of compensation which would be determined by the Parliament and not the courts. The amendment also exempted any law giving effect to the article 39(b) and (c) of Directive Principles of State Policy from judicial review, even if it violated the Fundamental Rights. In 1970, the Supreme Court, in its judgement on \"\"Rustom Cavasjee Cooper", "title": "Twenty-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.2, "text": "1973 for any incompatibility with the basic structure doctrine. Section 4 of the 42nd Amendment, had changed of the constitution to accord precedence to the Directive Principles (earlier applicable only to clauses b & c of Article 39) over the fundamental rights of individuals. In Minerva Mills v. Union of India case, supreme court ruled that the amendment to the Article 31C is not valid and ultra vires. The Constitution originally provided for the right to property under Articles 19 and 31. Article 19 guaranteed to all citizens the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property. Article 31 provided", "title": "Fundamental rights in India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.09, "text": "of a public interest litigation. This right cannot be suspended, except under the provisions of Article 359 when a state of emergency is declared. Please Note- Right to Property was removed from the Indian Constitution in 1978. Now it is not counted as a Fundamental Right. The Directive Principles of State Policy, embodied in Part IV of the Constitution, are directions given to the state to guide the establishment of an economic and social democracy, as proposed by the Preamble. They set forth the humanitarian and socialist instructions that were the aim of social revolution envisaged in India by the", "title": "Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.03, "text": "Fundamental Rights, embodied in Part III of the Constitution, guarantee civil rights to all Indians, and prevent the State from encroaching on individual liberty while simultaneously placing upon it an obligation to protect the citizens' rights from encroachment by society. Seven fundamental rights were originally provided by the Constitution – right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to property and right to constitutional remedies. However, the right to property was removed from Part III of the Constitution by the 44th Amendment in 1978. The purpose of the Fundamental", "title": "Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.83, "text": "property of a State subject/citizen, cannot be permitted to be transferred to a non State subject. This legal and constitutional protection is inherent in the State subjects of the State of Jammu and Kashmir and this fundamental and basic inherent right cannot be taken away in view of peculiar and special constitutional position occupied by State of Jammu and Kashmir. Article 35-A is clarificatory provision to clear the issue of constitutional position obtaining in rest of country in contrast to State of Jammu and Kashmir. This provision clears the constitutional relationship between people of rest of country with people of", "title": "Article 35A of the Constitution of India" } ]

[ "Donald Trump" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.44, "text": "of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and all nine of the Supreme Court Justices. Under the Presidential Succession Act, Kirkman is now President of the United States. Upon arrival at the White House, Kirkman (dressed in jeans and a hoodie) is sworn in by a DC appellate judge. He is then escorted by Richmond’s Deputy Chief of Staff, Aaron Shore, to the Presidential Emergency Operations Centre, which is abuzz with chaos in the aftermath of the bombing, and the most senior military officer in the room, General Harris Cochrane, demands that the US immediately moves onto a war footing. Overwhelmed,", "title": "Pilot (Designated Survivor)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.92, "text": "Milo Đukanović is the best, the smartest, and the right man to be the president of the republic. To those who bring up Mr. Đukanović's longevity on the political scene, my answer is: 'Imagine the United States of America with Barack Obama in a 16 or 24-year term instead of just 8 and image how much better the world would be. And then give a thought to why the most developed country in the world is currently in the process of amending its own constitution so that Xi Jinping can remain its leader'\"\". Bogdan Tanjević Bogdan Tanjević (; born 13", "title": "Bogdan Tanjević" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.92, "text": "to the current President of the United States of America, George W. Bush, and Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II,\"\" while the 2010 version of the current 15th edition is \"\"dedicated by permission to Barack Obama, President of the United States of America, and Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.\"\" Encyclopædia Britannica The (Latin for \"\"British Encyclopaedia\"\"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It is written by about 100 full-time editors and more than 4,000 contributors. The 2010 version of the 15th edition, which spans 32 volumes and 32,640 pages, was the last printed edition; digital content", "title": "Encyclopædia Britannica" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 19.73, "text": "States which is not decided by popular vote. Nine vice presidents became president by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. Donald Trump of New York is the 45th and current president. He assumed office on January 20, 2017. During the American Revolution in 1776, the Thirteen Colonies, acting through the Second Continental Congress, declared political independence from Great Britain. The new states were independent of each other as nation states and recognized the necessity of closely coordinating their efforts against the British. Congress desired to avoid anything that remotely resembled a monarchy and negotiated the Articles of Confederation", "title": "President of the United States" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.72, "text": "1–2: \"\"I mean that the current president of the United States is Max Foster. Max Foster the pop singer. He's setting up camps for anyone he thinks is too straight. It's hippy fascism.\"\" This is a reference to \"\"Wild in the Streets\"\" in which singer Max Frost becomes president and has everyone over 35 sent to \"\"re-education camps\"\". Max Foster is an analogue of the real life American president Richard Nixon, becoming president in 1969. Wild in the Streets Wild in the Streets is a 1968 film produced by American International Pictures and directed by Barry Shear. Based on a", "title": "Wild in the Streets" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.72, "text": "an expensive Jaguar owned by Jonathan \"\"Jock\"\" Hilliman, a member of the wealthy Hilliman family, and a friend of Lemaster's in university. Along with Hilliman and Lemaster Carlyle, the other two members of the group of friends were Malcolm Whisted, a United States senator now running for the presidency, and a man referred to only by his nickname, \"\"Scrunchy\"\", who is the current President of the United States of America. Although Jock Hilliman died in the 30 years between then and now, it seems that Zant was killed to prevent the truth being unveiled. Following a fierce bidding war in", "title": "New England White" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.69, "text": "an interview with \"\"National Review\"\", Robert Costa wrote the following, quoting Bolton: He wants to be president of the United States, or, at the very least, a provocative contender for the Republican nomination in 2016. 'My hypothesis is that voters are practical and they care more about national security than the media seems to believe; I think, right now, especially after two terms of President Obama, they want a president who has the know-how to lead during a crisis, a president who can defend our national interests, he says. After expressing interest in running for President, Bolton ultimately ruled himself", "title": "John R. Bolton" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 19.66, "text": "Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and received an economics degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. He was appointed president of his family's real estate business in 1971, renamed it The Trump Organization, and expanded it from Queens and Brooklyn into Manhattan. The company built or renovated skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses. Trump later started various side ventures, including", "title": "Donald Trump" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.64, "text": "featured more prominently, this time as the world's most wanted terrorist and a master of Battōjutsu. Ando was killed in the blast, which according to Peter, is the reason why Hiro lost his humorous side and became obsessed with changing the past. Nathan Petrelli is now the President of the United States, with Mohinder Suresh as his Chief Medical Advisor and Matt Parkman as the head of Homeland Security with the Haitian at his side. Niki Sanders has become a stripper again, adopting \"\"Jessica\"\", the name of both her former alter ego and sister, as her stage name. Her son", "title": "Five Years Gone" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 19.64, "text": "Sanders for President of the United States in the 2016 elections. Pearson stated, \"\"People are struggling in America. We need the right man in the White House. And in my opinion, that man is Senator Bernie Sanders.\"\" Later that month, Pearson published an article for MTV criticizing Trump and his presidential campaign, stating that the thought of a Trump presidency \"\"...scares the crap out of me,\"\" In August 2016, Pearson published an article in \"\"TIME\"\" in support of Trump, noting that his political views have changed drastically since 2015. He also noted that he supported Sanders and now Trump because,", "title": "CJ Pearson" } ]

[ "pituitary gland", "the temporal lobes", "the pituitary gland", "temporal lobes" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.88, "text": "wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures. It houses the temporal lobes of the brain and the pituitary gland. A middle fossa craniotomy is one means to surgically remove acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannoma) growing within the internal auditory canal of the temporal bone. The middle part of the fossa presents, in front, the chiasmatic groove and tuberculum sellae; the chiasmatic groove ends on either side at the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery to the orbital cavity. Behind the optic foramen the anterior clinoid process is directed backward", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.33, "text": "like the italic letter \"\"f\"\". It begins behind at the foramen lacerum, and ends on the medial side of the anterior clinoid process, where it is sometimes converted into a foramen (carotico-clinoid) by the union of the anterior with the middle clinoid process; posteriorly, it is bounded laterally by the lingula. This groove lodges the cavernous sinus and the internal carotid artery, the latter being surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The lateral parts of the middle fossa are of considerable depth, and support the temporal lobes of the brain. They are marked by depressions for the brain convolutions", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.62, "text": "Anterior cranial fossa The anterior cranial fossa is a depression in the floor of the cranial base which houses the projecting frontal lobes of the brain. It is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove. The lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae. It is traversed by the frontoethmoidal, sphenoethmoidal, and sphenofrontal", "title": "Anterior cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.42, "text": "Middle cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellæ; laterally by the temporal squamæ, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.41, "text": "the sphenoid; it is usually completed laterally by the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It transmits to the orbital cavity the oculomotor, the trochlear, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal, and the abducent nerves, some filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and the orbital branch of the middle meningeal artery; and from the orbital cavity a recurrent branch from the lacrimal artery to the dura mater, and the ophthalmic veins. Behind the medial end of the superior orbital fissure is the foramen rotundum, for the passage of the maxillary nerve. Behind and lateral to the foramen rotundum", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.31, "text": "is the foramen ovale, which transmits the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, and the lesser superficial petrosal nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen Vesalii, which varies in size in different individuals, and is often absent; when present, it opens below at the lateral side of the scaphoid fossa, and transmits a small vein. Lateral to the foramen ovale is the foramen spinosum, for the passage of the middle meningeal vessels, and a recurrent branch from the mandibular nerve. Medial to the foramen ovale is the foramen lacerum; in the fresh state the lower part of this", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.7, "text": "and traversed by furrows for the anterior and posterior branches of the middle meningeal vessels. These furrows begin near the foramen spinosum, and the anterior runs forward and upward to the sphenoidal angle of the parietal, where it is sometimes converted into a bony canal; the posterior runs lateralward and backward across the temporal squama and passes on to the parietal near the middle of its lower border. The following apertures are also to be seen. In front is the superior orbital fissure, bounded above by the small wing, below, by the great wing, and medially, by the body of", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.69, "text": "canal, for the transmission of the greater superficial petrosal nerve and the petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery; beneath it, the smaller groove, for the passage of the lesser superficial petrosal nerve; and, near the apex of the bone, the depression for the semilunar ganglion and the orifice of the carotid canal. Middle cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.64, "text": "and medialward and gives attachment to the tentorium cerebelli. Behind the tuberculum sellæ is a deep depression, the sella turcica, containing the fossa hypophyseos, which lodges the hypophysis, and presents on its anterior wall the middle clinoid processes. The sella turcica is bounded posteriorly by a quadrilateral plate of bone, the dorsum sellae, the upper angles of which are surmounted by the posterior clinoid processes: these afford attachment to the tentorium cerebelli, and below each is a notch for the abducent nerve. On either side of the sella turcica is the carotid groove, which is broad, shallow, and curved somewhat", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.59, "text": "aperture is filled up by a layer of fibrocartilage, while its upper and inner parts transmit the internal carotid artery surrounded by a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The nerve of the pterygoid canal and a meningeal branch from the ascending pharyngeal artery pierce the layer of fibrocartilage. On the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone are seen the eminence caused by the projection of the superior semicircular canal; in front of and a little lateral to this a depression corresponding to the roof of the tympanic cavity; the groove leading to the hiatus of the facial", "title": "Middle cranial fossa" } ]

[ "Tulsa, Oklahoma" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.14, "text": "told the police that Johnny and Pony were in Texas, and gives Pony a note from Sodapop. They go out to get something to eat, then return to find the church on fire with children trapped inside. The Greasers turn into heroes as they rescue the kids from the burning church. It doesn't take long for Ponyboy and Dally to heal up. Johnny, on the other hand, ends up with a broken back and severe burns. The boys are praised for their heroism, but Johnny is charged with manslaughter for killing Bob, while Ponyboy may be sent to a boys'", "title": "The Outsiders (film)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.33, "text": "and a loaded gun, directing them to hide in an abandoned church in Windrixville. During their stay there, Pony cuts and dyes his hair as a disguise, reads \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\" to Johnny, and, upon viewing a beautiful sunrise, recites the poem \"\"Nothing Gold Can Stay\"\" by Robert Frost. Days later, Dally comes to check on them, revealing that violence between the greasers and Socs has escalated since Bob's death into all-out city-wide warfare, with Cherry acting out of guilt as a spy for the greasers. Johnny decides to turn himself in and Dally agrees to take the boys", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.8, "text": "The Outsiders (novel) The Outsiders is a coming-of-age novel by S. E. Hinton, first published in 1967 by Viking Press. Hinton was 15 when she started writing the novel but did most of the work when she was 16 and a junior in high school. Hinton was 18 when the book was published. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class \"\"greasers\"\" and the upper-class \"\"Socs\"\" (pronounced —short for \"\"Socials\"\"). The story is told in first-person perspective by teenaged protagonist Ponyboy Curtis. The story in the book takes place in Tulsa, Oklahoma,", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 21.7, "text": "film helped spark the Brat Pack genre of the 1980s. Both Lane and Dillon went on to appear in Coppola's related film \"\"Rumble Fish\"\". Emilio Estevez went on to be in \"\"That Was Then... This Is Now\"\", the only S. E. Hinton film adaptation not to star Matt Dillon. The movie received mostly positive reviews from critics, and performed well at the box office, grossing $33 million on a $10 million budget. In Tulsa, Oklahoma, greasers are a gang of tough, low-income working-class teens. They include Ponyboy Curtis and his two older brothers, Sodapop and Darrel, as well as Johnny", "title": "The Outsiders (film)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.06, "text": "back home. As they attempt to leave, they notice the church has caught fire and several local schoolchildren have become trapped inside. The greasers run inside the burning church to save the children, but Ponyboy is rendered unconscious by the fumes. At the hospital he discovers that he and Dally are not badly injured, but a piece of the church roof fell on Johnny and broke his back. Sodapop and Darry come to the hospital; Darry breaks down and cries. Ponyboy then realizes that Darry cares about him, and is only hard on him because he loves him and cares", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 21.03, "text": "police. The greasers find Dally deliberately pointing an unloaded gun at the police, causing them to shoot and kill him. Overwhelmed, Ponyboy faints and is sick in bed for many days due to the resulting concussion from the rumble. When the hearing finally comes, the judge frees Ponyboy from responsibility for Bob's death and allows Pony to remain at home with Darry and Soda. Ponyboy returns to school, but his grades drop. Although he is failing English, his teacher, Mr. Syme, says he will pass him if he writes a decent theme. In the copy of \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\"", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.92, "text": "she is unwilling to visit Johnny in the hospital because he killed her boyfriend. Pony calls her a traitor, but after she explains herself they end on good terms. After escaping the hospital, Dally shows up just in time for the rumble. The greasers win the brutal fight. Afterward, Pony and Dally hurry back to the hospital to see Johnny, but he dies moments later and a maniacal Dally runs out of the room. Pony returns home that night feeling confused and disoriented. Dally calls the house to say that he has robbed a store and is running from the", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.89, "text": "time. The first cinematic representation of the greaser subculture was the 1953 film \"\"The Wild One\"\". Greasers are central characters in the 1957 musical \"\"West Side Story\"\" and its 1961 film adaptation, the 1967 novel \"\"The Outsiders\"\" and its 1983 film adaptation, the 1974 film \"\"The Lords of Flatbush\"\", and the 1979 film \"\"The Wanderers\"\". The phenomenon was given a more farcical treatment in the 1971 stage musical \"\"Grease\"\" (along with its 1978 film adaptation), which drew its name from the subculture and was based on real-life Chicago Polish greasers in the late 1950s. The band Sha-Na-Na models their on-stage", "title": "Greaser (subculture)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 20.53, "text": "behalf of her seventh and eighth grade students about adapting \"\"The Outsiders\"\". When Coppola read the book, he was moved not only to adapt and direct it, but to follow it the next year by adapting Hinton's novel \"\"Rumble Fish\"\". The latter film's cast also included Matt Dillon, Diane Lane, and Glenn Withrow. The film was shot on location in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Coppola filmed \"\"The Outsiders\"\" and \"\"Rumble Fish\"\" back-to-back in 1982—a newspaper, used to show a story about the three greasers saving the kids in \"\"The Outsiders\"\", includes a real story from 1982 regarding the death of a man", "title": "The Outsiders (film)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 20.47, "text": "about his future. The following morning the newspapers declare Pony and Johnny heroes, but Johnny will be charged with manslaughter for Bob's death. Two-Bit tells them that the greaser–Soc rivalry is to be settled in a final rumble. Ponyboy and Two-Bit are approached by a Soc named Randy, Bob's best friend, who expresses remorse for his involvement in the gang war, lacks confidence about the rumble ending the feud, and says he will not participate. Later, Ponyboy visits Johnny at the hospital, where he is in critical condition. On their way home, Pony spots Cherry and they talk. Cherry says", "title": "The Outsiders (novel)" } ]

[ "Dr. Lexie Grey", "Lexie" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.86, "text": "on August 27, 2013 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The season follows the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies after sustaining injuries from the crash. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) ultimately manages to save his hand. The show's protagonist Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) deals with the loss of her half-sister Lexie and later discovers that she is pregnant. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh)", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.73, "text": "operating on their own surgeries. The early episodes of the season depict the characters dealing with the aftermath of the season eight plane crash that claimed the life of Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) and upon rescue Mark Sloan (Eric Dane), who dies in the first episode. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) finds his surgical career in doubt after badly damaging his hand but ultimately his sister Liz (Neve Campbell) donates a nerve from her leg and Callie Torres (Sara Ramirez) is able to save his hand. Later, Shepherd receives more good news when his wife Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) discovers that", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.59, "text": "careers. However, all plans are put on hold when several doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital are engaged in a plane crash, which kills Lexie and endangers Meredith, Shepherd, Yang, Robbins, and Sloan. At the conclusion of the eighth season, Altman is courteously fired by Hunt as she struggles to decide whether or not to take the job as Chief at the United States Army Medical Command (MEDCOM). In the season nine premiere, Sloan dies due to sustained injuries from the plane crash following a brief relapse of temporary health (the surge) and the remaining characters work through their", "title": "Grey's Anatomy" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.34, "text": "plane crashes. In \"\"Flight\"\" the six doctors and the pilot fight to survive. Derek's hand is severely injured, as is Arizona's leg. Lexie is trapped and crushed beneath part of the plane. She and Mark finally confess their love to each other, and within moments, she dies. Mere seconds later, Meredith arrives too late, and is devastated by her sister's death. They soon realize that Mark has severe internal injuries. The season ends with the 5 remaining surgeons in peril, lost in the woods and not knowing when or if help will come. The season received mostly positive reviews. Tanner", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 8)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.03, "text": "who is severely traumatized upon rescue and later decides to take up her fellowship in Minnesota. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw) another survivor of the plane crash upon return realizes that her leg has to be amputated to save her life, reacts badly to this, becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) decides to divorce Yang, but the two agree to start again. The hospital itself becomes liable for the crash, putting its future in extreme doubt prompting the", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.58, "text": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy) \"\"Flight\"\" is the twenty-fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\", and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 17, 2012. In the episode, six doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital who are victims of an aviation accident fight to stay alive, but Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) ultimately dies. Other storylines occur in Seattle where Dr. Richard Webber (James", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.33, "text": "becoming bitter and blaming her wife Callie and her former friend Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and refuses to leave her bed or return to work. Derek discovers that prior to the plane crash, the hospital had recently changed airlines to one with a poorer safety record for budgetary reasons, resulting in the four crash survivors (Grey, Shepherd, Robbins and Yang) deciding to pursue a lawsuit, and it soon becomes apparent that chief of surgery Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) had given the go-ahead to the change. To prevent the doctors' court case from being thrown out, Hunt decides to divorce Yang,", "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 9)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.28, "text": "Angeles. After realizing Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver) was offered a chief position at United States Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) and is refusing to leave Seattle out of loyalty, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd), the chief of surgery, fires her to free her from the hospital where her husband died. As the episode ends, Hunt picks up his messages to discover the surgical team never made it to Boise. The residents, finally excited to celebrate at Webber's dinner, are left waiting for their stranded friends. The remaining crash survivors are left struggling to stay awake as their last match goes", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.25, "text": "her to write the finale, adding: \"\"I did not enjoy it. It made me sick and it made me sad.\"\" Rhimes also explained the departure of Leigh, whose character died after the plane crash, by saying that the two came to an agreement on the decision to kill Lexie, after extensive discussion. Speaking of Raver's departure whose character left Seattle Grace for MEDCOM, Rhimes elaborated that Raver was offered a contract renewal, but declined. The episode received mixed reviews among television critics, and it outperformed the previous episode in terms of both viewership and ratings. \"\"Flight\"\" was originally broadcast on", "title": "Flight (Grey's Anatomy)" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.84, "text": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy) \"\"One Flight Down\"\" is the twentieth episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\", and is the 240th episode overall. It aired on April 16, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written Austin Guzman and directed by David Greenspan. The episode features a plane crash in Seattle bringing patients to Grey Sloan Memorial and old memories of the season 8's tragic plane crash that claimed the lives of Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) and Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) back to Meredith Grey, Arizona Robbins and Owen Hunt.", "title": "One Flight Down (Grey's Anatomy)" } ]

[ "Yakima (Washington)", "Idaho", "Washington", "western Canyon County, Idaho", "Willamette (Oregon)", "Oregon" ]

[ { "hasanswer": true, "score": 25.23, "text": "were imported through Dublin alone. Important production centres today are the Hallertau in Germany, the Žatec (Saaz) in the Czech Republic, the Yakima (Washington) and Willamette (Oregon) valleys, and western Canyon County, Idaho (including the communities of Parma, Wilder, Greenleaf, and Notus). The principal production centres in the UK are in Kent (which produces Kent Goldings hops), Herefordshire, and Worcestershire. Essentially all of the harvested hops are used in beer making. Although hops are grown in most of the continental United States and Canada, cultivation of hops for commercial production requires a particular environment. As hops are a climbing plant,", "title": "Hops" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.73, "text": "modern machinery was invented to make the holes for the hop poles. Hops production is concentrated in moist temperate climates, with much of the world's production occurring near the 48th parallel north. Hop plants prefer the same soils as potatoes and the leading potato-growing states in the United States are also major hops-producing areas; however, not all potato-growing areas can produce good hops naturally: soils in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, for example, lack the boron that hops prefer. Historically, hops were not grown in Ireland, but were imported from England. In 1752 more than 500 tons of English hops", "title": "Hops" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.97, "text": "\"\"Humulus japonicus\"\" has a lateral range from North Dakota all the way to Maine and a vertical range from Minnesota to Georgia. Japanese hops grow well given plentiful sunlight and moisture, nutrient rich soil, and are most commonly found along stream banks and floodplains. Japanese hops do not grow as well in shaded areas and drier soils. In milder climates, it can survive the winter. The Japanese hop can adapt well to new environments. Its range and distribution in North America prove that it can thrive in a wide range of environments, from the southern regions of the U.S. to", "title": "Humulus japonicus" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.78, "text": "New York state's \"\"hop belt\"\" numerous hop barns were constructed between the early 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Ostego, Chenango, Madison, Oneida, Montgomery and Schoharie Counties were the primary areas contained within the hop belt. As hops production basically dwindled down to only Washington state, in the U.S., the remaining hop houses elsewhere have begun to disappear. Defunct hop kilns are found in areas where hops production is still ongoing, in Kent, England, for instance. The design of hop houses changed significantly over time, as did the area hops were grown in. In New York, for", "title": "Functionally classified barn" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.3, "text": "Emil Clemens Horst Emil Clemens Horst (18 March 1867 – 24 May 1940) was a major figure in the cultivation, harvest and sale of hops in the United States. Horst emigrated to the U.S. as a child in 1874 from Tuttlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the mid 1880s he purchased a small plot of land along the Bear River, near Wheatland, California, and began cultivating hops. He soon bought out two other hop growers, Hugh Roddan and Joseph M.C. Jasper. By 1898, Horst's operation had grown to the point that ten hop drying kilns ran daily during the harvest and a", "title": "Emil Clemens Horst" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.27, "text": "As a result, in 1603, King James I approved an Act of Parliament banning the practice by which \"\"the Subjects of this Realm have been of late years abused &c. to the Value of £20,000 yearly, besides the Danger of their Healths\"\". Hop cultivation was begun in the present-day United States in 1629 by English and Dutch farmers. Before prohibition, cultivation was mainly centred around New York, California, Oregon, and Washington state. Problems with powdery mildew and downy mildew devastated New York's production by the 1920s, and California only produces hops on a small scale. Hop bars were used before", "title": "Hops" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.02, "text": "Humulus lupulus Humulus lupulus (common hop or hops) is a species of flowering plant in the hemp family (Cannabaceae), native to Europe, western Asia and North America. It is a dioecious, perennial, herbaceous climbing plant which sends up new shoots in early spring and dies back to a cold-hardy rhizome in autumn. Hops are described as bine plants rather than vine because, unlike vines, they have stiff downward facing hairs that provide stability and allow them to climb. These shoots allow \"\"H. lupulus\"\" to grow anywhere from . Hops have fragrant, wind-pollinated flowers that attract butterflies. The female cone shaped", "title": "Humulus lupulus" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.69, "text": "was a leading grower of hops in the Central Valley of California. The Durst Ranch, located on 640 acres () outside the town of Wheatland in Yuba County, California, was the largest single employer of agricultural labor in the state, requiring each summer the hiring of hundreds of seasonal workers to help bring in the harvest. The farm also dried and packaged the picked hops on site, before transporting them by train to San Francisco for export to England. In the summer of 1913 Durst advertised for temporary harvest workers as he had always done, promising ample work at high", "title": "Wheatland hop riot" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.61, "text": "50% of an aroma hop grown in Oregon because of cone browning after drying, resulting in an additional US $5 million in losses that year. These losses have contributed to economic depression in the hop market and have forced several growers to declare bankruptcy. Currently, hop powdery mildew exists annually in all production regions in the United States. While more research is necessary to understand \"\"Podosphaera macualaris\"\" and control, the current management system has returned economics to hop industry. Disease levels have decreased and control costs have been reduced to $740/ha on average. Unlike New York and California, hop production", "title": "Podosphaera macularis" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.61, "text": "to hop yards. Cascade was named after the Cascade mountain range that runs through the states of Washington, Oregon, California and the Canadian province of British Columbia. The hop variety was first used commercially in 1975 by the Anchor Brewing Company, which established it as a signature hop for American pale ale. A visual characteristic of the plant is its dark green elongated cones which contain moderate to somewhat high amounts of alpha acids compared to many other hop types. The plant is grown in various places around the United States of America, British Columbia Alberta, Canada, Argentina and in", "title": "Cascade hop" } ]

[ "Spike" ]

[ { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.81, "text": "Tom going back inside to rescue Jerry, leaving them both homeless. Wandering through the city for shelter, the duo meet a dog named Puggsy and his flea friend named Frankie whom they persuade the duo to be friends. While finding food from some nearby bins for a feast, Puggsy and Frankie are captured by two dogcatchers while Tom and Jerry end up in a tussle with some alley cats. Later, the duo cross paths with an 8-year-old girl named Robyn Starling, who has run away from home since her mother died when she was still a baby and her father", "title": "Tom and Jerry: The Movie" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 24.19, "text": "he is named \"\"Killer\"\", and in \"\"The Truce Hurts\"\" he signs his name \"\"Butch\"\" on the treaty peace paper. He is also a Devil Dog in \"\"Heavenly Puss\"\". In Tom's later attempts to catch Jerry, he has to deal with Spike for bothering his son. In 1949's \"\"Love That Pup\"\", Spike was given a puppy son, Tyke, who became another popular supporting character in the \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" cartoons. His voice was taken over by Daws Butler, who styled Spike's voice after Jimmy Durante taking after his 1940s radio series with Garry Moore. He is named \"\"Spike\"\" from then on", "title": "Spike and Tyke (characters)" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 24.05, "text": "Puttin' on the Dog Puttin' on the Dog is a 1944 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 16th \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" short directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby. It was released in theatres on October 28, 1944, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The cartoon was animated by Pete Burness, Ray Patterson, Irven Spence and Kenneth Muse, and the music was composed by Scott Bradley (who in this cartoon was the first composer to use Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique in any film score). The cartoon revolves around Tom's attempts to disguise himself as a dog in order", "title": "Puttin' on the Dog" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.55, "text": "was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format. Tom (named \"\"Jasper\"\" in his debut appearance) is a grey and white domestic shorthair cat. (\"\"Tom\"\" is a generic name for a male cat.) He is usually but not always, portrayed as living a comfortable, or even pampered life, while Jerry (named \"\"Jinx\"\" in his debut appearance) is a small, brown, house mouse who always lives in close proximity to Tom. Despite being very energetic, determined and much larger, Tom is no match for Jerry's wits. Jerry also possesses surprising strength for his size, approximately the equivalent of Tom's, lifting", "title": "Tom and Jerry" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.42, "text": "from an Italian dog. Topo then recognizes Tom and Jerry and befriends them, showing the duo the sights and treating them to local delicacies. Tom struggles with his large sandwich, making Jerry laugh, but Topo then drops a form of caciocavallo into Jerry, making Jerry inflate. The Italian dog and his two friends follow behind and confront Topo. However, with the help of some very large cheeses, the dogs retreat into the Bay of Naples and Tom, Jerry and Topo emerge victorious. Tom shakes Topo's hand and Jerry hugs him before they board a ship for their home. As they", "title": "Neapolitan Mouse" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.34, "text": "That's My Pup! That's My Pup! is a 1953 one reel animated \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" short, directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby with music by Scott Bradley. The short was animated by animators Kenneth Muse, Ray Patterson, Ed Barge and Irven Spence, with backgrounds by Robert Gentle. This cartoon features the third pairing of Spike with his son Tyke. It was released on April 25, 1953 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The episode title is a pun on the phrase \"\"That's my boy!\"\" Spike is teaching Tyke the three important rules of being a dog: being man's", "title": "That's My Pup!" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 23.09, "text": "Dog Trouble Dog Trouble is a 1942 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the fifth \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" cartoon released. It was produced in Technicolor, released to theaters on April 18, 1942 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer and reissued for re-release on June 21, 1952. It was animated by George Gordon, Irven Spence, Jack Zander, Cecil Surry and Bill Littlejohn. The cartoon introduces the character of Spike, who would later become a recurring supporting character in the \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" and later Metro-Goldwyn-Meyer shorts. In this cartoon, Spike serves as the main antagonist, forcing Tom and Jerry to team up for the", "title": "Dog Trouble" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 23.06, "text": "the head, but retrieves it, and continues barking at Tom. DVD Puttin' on the Dog Puttin' on the Dog is a 1944 American one-reel animated cartoon and is the 16th \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" short directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby. It was released in theatres on October 28, 1944, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The cartoon was animated by Pete Burness, Ray Patterson, Irven Spence and Kenneth Muse, and the music was composed by Scott Bradley (who in this cartoon was the first composer to use Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique in any film score). The cartoon revolves", "title": "Puttin' on the Dog" }, { "hasanswer": false, "score": 22.8, "text": "leave, Topo and the dogs bid them farewell. Laserdisc VHS DVD Neapolitan Mouse The Neapolitan Mouse is a 1954 one-reel animated \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" short directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby with music by Scott Bradley. The cartoon was animated by Ed Barge, Irven Spence, Ray Patterson and Kenneth Muse, with backgrounds by John Didrik Johnsen. It was released on October 2, 1954 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Tom and Jerry both arrive in Naples, Italy. Tom chases Jerry until an Italian mouse named Topo defends Jerry. Topo explains that he dislikes it when a bigger creature", "title": "Neapolitan Mouse" }, { "hasanswer": true, "score": 22.8, "text": "slowed down, causing him to struggle. Spike then allows Tyke to bark in his place while Tom continues trying to climb up the flagpole. By nighttime, Tyke was still barking away that Tom still climbs in fear, while Spike says, \"\"That's my boy doing' that\"\". And Spike is sleeping at the doghouse with Jerry. That's My Pup! That's My Pup! is a 1953 one reel animated \"\"Tom and Jerry\"\" short, directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby with music by Scott Bradley. The short was animated by animators Kenneth Muse, Ray Patterson, Ed Barge and", "title": "That's My Pup!" } ]