Case ID: f-appx_222/html/0654-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
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Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Jose Guadalupe PALAFOX-BARAJAS, aka Guadalupe Jose Palafox, Defendant-Appellant.
    No. 06-10223.
    United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
    Submitted Feb. 20, 2007.
    
    Filed Feb. 27, 2007.
    Tracy Tino, U.S. Department of Justice, Honolulu, HI, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
    Glenn D. Choy, Esq., Law Office of Glenn D. Choy, Honolulu, HI, for Defendant-Appellant.
    
      Before: BEEZER, FERNANDEZ, and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.
    
      
       This panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a)(2).
    
   MEMORANDUM

Jose Guadalupe Palafox-Barajas appeals from the 60-month sentence imposed following his guilty plea to illegal reentry into the United States in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

Palafox-Barajas contends that the district court violated his Sixth Amendment rights pursuant to Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000), by applying a 16-level enhancement based on his prior drug trafficking conviction. We reject this contention. See United States v. Rodriguez-Lara, 421 F.3d 932, 949-50 (9th Cir.2005) (affirming the continuing validity of Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), and rejecting a constitutional challenge to § 1326(b)).

He further contends that the district court committed Apprendi error in computing his criminal history score by not finding the fact of his prior sentence beyond a reasonable doubt. However, this contention lacks merit. See United States v. Martin, 278 F.3d 988, 1006 (9th Cir. 2002) (“Apprendi expressly excludes recidivism from its scope. Defendant’s criminal history need not be proved to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt.”).

He also contends that the district court was required to take judicial notice of the court documents in the presentence report (“PSR”), which were relied upon in order to determine the facts of his prior convictions. He contends that the modified categorical approach under Shepard v. United States, 544 U.S. 13, 17, 125 S.Ct. 1254, 161 L.Ed.2d 205 (2005), prohibited the court from relying on unsubstantiated priors in the PSR, to find the length of his sentence or calculate his criminal history score.

We reject these contentions. The record reflects that Palafox-Barajas admitted to having committed a previous drug trafficking offense and only disputes the length of his prior sentence and his criminal history score. These facts are independent of the categorical or modified categorical analyses. See United States v. Ellsworth, 456 F.3d 1146, (9th Cir.2006) (“The Taylor problem does not arise when dealing with such criminal history facts because they are independent of the nature of the underlying offense.”). Thus, the district court was entitled to rely upon the undisputed statements in the presentence report, which specified the relevant statutes of conviction, in determining these facts. See id. at 1152; see also United States v. Romero-Rendon, 220 F.3d 1159, 1161-62 (9th Cir.2000). Accordingly, we reject this contention.

AFFIRMED. 
      
       This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.