Case ID: ad_160/html/0671-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Putnam, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

George Bakewell, Appellant, v. Orford Copper Company, Respondent.
    Second Department,
    February 20,1914.
    Conflict of laws—master and servant — negligence — injury in foreign State — right to recover governed by foreign statute.
    Where a servant sues his-master in the courts of this State for personal injuries received in a foreign State, the statutes and decisions of the foreign State govern his right to recover.
    Under the statutes of the State of New Jersey, as construed by the courts of that State, an employee may assume the risk of injury from an unguarded circular saw, even though the New Jersey statute requires machinery of every description to be properly guarded.
    Appeal by the plaintiff, George Bakewell, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the defendant, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Richmond on the 20th day of June, 1912, upon the verdict of a jury, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 21st day of April, 1913, denying plaintiff’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
    
      Richard J. Donovan [Herbert D. Cohen with him on the brief], for the appellant.
    
      Edward Bruce Hill, for the respondent.
   Putnam, J.:

In August, 1910, plaintiff was an employee of the defendant at its factory and plant at Constable Hook, H. J. The Hew Jersey Factory Act then provided that whenever practicable all “vats, pans, saws, planers, cogs, gearing, belting, shafting, set-screws, drums and machinery of every description shall be properly guarded.” (Laws of 1904, chap. 64, § 13; 3 Compiled Stat. H. J. p. 3026, § 28.)

The plaintiff, aged twenty years, had worked for the defendant in this place for about six weeks. He had been a carpenter’s helper, and on the day of the accident was assisting them in putting up wooden forms for a concrete tank. Plaintiff, following one Collins, another laborer, went to the mill to get two-inch wooden strips. Whether or not Bakewell was told to rip out these strips is disputed. His own version was that Smith, the carpenter in charge, told him: “You better go over and rip them strips.” Plaintiff overtook Collins, and went to the ripsaw, which rose about an inch and a half above the table, and taking up one end of a board twelve inches wide, an inch in thickness and about sixteen feet long, proceeded to feed the board into the circular saw. Collins stood opposite, facing the saw, and pulled the sawn ends through. After this board had been thus sawn through four times, on the fifth and final sawing, when plaintiff’s end was about a foot from the saw, his left hand touched it, so as to cut off parts of three fingers and lacerate his hand. Plaintiff said that the board jerked suddenly and drew in his hand.

Other testimony was to the effect that plaintiff had been sent after strips, but had not been told to cut them, indeed had been warned not to use this saw at all. The other laborer, Collins, who faced plaintiff at the saw, testified that plaintiff was looking off toward a workman, Najengast, and as he turned around to shout to him, plaintiff threw his hand up against the saw.

Plaintiff’s cause of action, having arisen at a factory in Constable Hook, in the State of New Jersey, depends upon the statutes and decisions of that State. The trial court submitted the issues of defendant’s failure to guard the saw, and as to plaintiff’s contributory negligence and his assumption of the risk, to the jury, who returned a verdict for the defendant.

Fitzwater v. Warren (206 N. Y. 355), Welch v. Waterbury Co. (Id. 522; on further appeal, 159 App. Div. 509), coming down subsequent to this trial, move appellant to urge that our declared policy is against an employee assuming the risk of the employer’s failure to comply with a public statute. The Court of Errors and Appeals of New Jersey, however, holds that this Factory Act did not take away this defense. (Mika v. Passaic Print Works, 76 N. J. Law, 561; Goodrich v. Cort, 80 id.653.) An employee in New Jersey may, therefore, assume the risk from an unguarded saw, so as to raise an available defense. The transitional state through which New York law is passing cannot change our obligation to apply the decisions of the high- ' ést court of New Jersey in interpreting the statute of that State for the purpose of administering a remedy given thereby. (Jessup v. Carnegie, 80 N. Y. 441; Leonard v. Columbia Steam Nav. Co., 84 id. 48.)

The trial court, therefore, rightly applied the law of New Jersey, and the judgment and order must he affirmed, with costs.

Present—Jenks, P. J., Thomas, Rich, Stapleton and Putnam, JJ.

Judgment and order "unanimously affirmed, with costs. 
      
       Since amd. by Laws of 1913, chap. 6.— [Rep.