Case ID: f-appx_39/html/0781-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "GREENBERG, Circuit Judge.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

UNITED STATES of America, v. Luciano Abraham SANCHEZ-REYNA, Appellant.
    No. 01-2190.
    United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.
    Submitted July 12, 2002.
    Decided July 12, 2002.
    
      Before SCIRICA and GREENBERG, Circuit Judges, and FULLAM, District Judge.
    
    
      
       Honorable John P. Fullam, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, sitting by designation.
    
   OPINION OF THE COURT

GREENBERG, Circuit Judge.

Appellant Luciano Abraham Sanchez-Reyna, while represented by a retained attorney, Daniel L. Weiss, pleaded guilty to an information charging him with unlawful reentry into the United States in violation of 8 U.S.C. §§ 1326(a) and (b)(2) after being deported following his conviction for an aggravated felony. The district court calculated his total offense level at 21 which, with his criminal history category of III, yielded a sentencing range of 46 to 57 months. The district court, finding that there was no reason to depart from the sentencing guidelines range, sentenced him to a term of 54 months to be followed by a three-year term of supervised release. The court did not impose a fine.

Sanehez-Reyna filed a timely appeal to this court and moved for the appointment of an attorney under the Criminal Justice Act. We initially appointed Weiss to represent him on this appeal but subsequently granted his application to withdraw and appointed Steven A. Feldman in his place. Feldman thereafter filed a motion to withdraw under Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), together with a comprehensive and thoughtful brief making a thorough analysis of all possible issues on this appeal and concluding that, if raised, they would be frivolous. Accordingly, he has requested that we reheve him as counsel and dismiss the appeal. The government concurs.

We independently have reviewed this matter and agree with the parties’ analysis that there are no non-frivolous issues that could be advanced on the appeal. The possible issue that comes closest to being substantial is attributable to the sentencing disparity between the sentences imposed upon a plea of guilty for illegal reentry in the Southern District of California and the rest of the country by reason of approximately one-half of the prosecutions being brought nationally for illegal reentry in that district. See United States v. Bonnet-Grullon, 53 F.Supp.2d 430, 432 (S.D.N.Y.1999), aff'd, 212 F.3d 692 (2d Cir.2000). To dispose of this inordinate volume of cases, the United States Attorney in the Southern District of California usually permits the defendant to plead guilty to simple illegal reentry under 8 U.S.C. § 1325(a), pursuant to a fast track program, and thus be eligible for a lower guidelines sentence than that imposed for identical conduct in cases prosecuted under section 1326(a). In light of this practice, Sanchez-Reyna’s brief contends that while the court here imposed a 54-month sentence, if he had “committed the same offense in San Diego, he would have received 24 month[s] under the ‘fast-track’ program.” Br. of Appellant at 13. The brief recites that “it is unfair for a defendant’s sentence to turn on whether he illegally re-entered the United States in New Jersey or California.” Id. Thus, the brief argues that he should be entitled to relief by reason of this disparity.

Nevertheless, the brief acknowledges that the case law establishes that such relief is not available. See United States v. Banuelos-Rodriguez, 215 F.3d 969 (9th Cir.2000) (en banc); United States v. Bonnet-Grullon, 212 F.3d 692 (2d Cir.2000). While it would be possible for courts in districts other than the Southern District of California to depart downwards from the sentencing ranges in section 1326(a) and (b)(2) convictions so that the ranges would be consistent with those in section 1325(a) convictions, the above courts of appeals cases demonstrate there is no legal basis for such a departure. Moreover, Sanchez-Reyna’s attorney did not ask for a departure on the basis of this disparity, and, thus, the absence of a departure could be challenged on this appeal only on a plain error basis. See United States v. Vazquez, 271 F.3d 93, 99-100 (3d Cir.2001) (en banc), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 122 S.Ct. 2672, 153 L.Ed.2d 845 (2002). But clearly the district court did not commit error at all, much less plain error, in not departing from the guideline range. Thus, the disparity issue, though not unappealing, is simply not meritorious.

Sanchez-Reyna’s brief also points out that there appears to be no basis to argue that his district court attorney was ineffective. We agree with this position, at least insofar as we can review the attorney’s performance from the record before us. In any event, as the brief further points out, an appellant ordinarily cannot raise an argument on direct appeal that his district court attorney was ineffective. See United States v. Sandini, 888 F.2d 300, 311-12 (3d Cir.1989).

For the foregoing reasons, we will grant Feldman’s motion to withdraw and will dismiss this appeal.