Case ID: sw_173/html/1195-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "DAVIDSON, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

SCHULMAN v. STATE.
    (No. 3433.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 17, 1915.)
    1. Criminal Law <&wkey;182 — Former Jeopardy —J URY.
    Defendant, who had been before a jury on the same charge, and who agreed that the court should discharge a juror whose child was sick, and to a trial before the remaining five jurors, and who objected to the court’s discharge of the jury, was in jeopardy, and on a subsequent trial her plea of former jeopardy should have been sustained.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 830-332; Dec. Dig. <&wkey;> 182.]
    2. Jury <&wkey;29 — Waiver of Right — Criminal Case.
    The state cannot waive a jury, but the defendant may waive a trial by jury, and has the further right to agree to be tried before less than six jurors.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Jury, Cent. Dig. §§ 197-203; Dec. Dig. &wkey;29.]
    Appeal from Harris County Court, at Law; C. C. Wren, Judge.
    Mollie Schulman was convicted of keeping a disorderly house, and she appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    Heidingsfelders, of Houston, for appellant. C. C. McDonald, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
   DAVIDSON, J.

Appellant was. convicted under the second count of the information charging her with keeping a disorderly house in that she permitted men and women to meet by mutual appointment and by appointment made by another for the purpose of sexual intercourse. It seems to charge that the house was an “assignation” house.

Appellant had been previously before a jury for trial, and, when three witnesses had been introduced, a juror approached the court and informed him that his child was sick; at least the court informed counsel that such was the statement of the juror. It became a question as to whether the juror should be permitted to go home. The defendant's counsel agreed that the juror could be discharged, and that they would try the case before the remaining five jurors. The juror left the courtroom. The state’s counsel had remained silent, and, if consent could be imputed to him, it is by reason of the surrounding facts or what occurred at the time. The court announced, after the juror left the room, that he would discharge the jury. To this appellant strenuously objected, and asked that the case be tried before the five jurors. This was not done, but the jury was discharged, over appellant’s objection. Without going into a further detailed statement, this is the substance of the facts.

When the case was called for trial again, ■which resulted in the conviction, appellant interposed the plea of jeopardy, setting up the facts, and about which there seems to be no controversy. The court did not submit the issue of jeopardy to the jury, but refused to do so. Appellant also urged objection to this ruling of the court. In other words, we have a case in which the accused was placed on trial before six jurors in a misdemeanor prosecution. One of the jurors was excused by express authority of the defendant and implied authority by state’s counsel, with the request, on the part of appellant, that they proceed to trial before the five jurors. The court, discarding and overruling his contention, discharged the jury over her protest. Under this state of case, we are of the opinion that, inasmuch as the facts are admitted to be true, the plea of jeopardy should have been sustained.

The state cannot waive a jury; the defendant can. This has been the established rule in Texas at least since the case of Moore v. State, 22 Tex. App. 119, 2 S. W. 634. It is also the well-settled rule that the defendant, under his right to waive a trial by jury, has the further right of agreeing to be tried before less than six jurors. This has been settled in Texas by decisions since Stell v. State, 14 Tex. App. 59. The latest case so holding, that has come to our attention, is Mackey v. State, 151 S. W. 802; the opinion being delivered by Presiding Judge Prendergast.

That appellant was in jeopardy under these facts cannot be questioned. Vestel v. State, 3 Tex. App. 648; Brink v. State, 18 Tex. App. 347, 51 Am. Rep. 317. These cases seem to have been followed, and settle the law] in Texas on that question. Under these authorities, without going further into this question, this ease must, be reversed.

The judgment is reversed, and the cause is remanded.