Case ID: misc_37/html/0716-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "\n      Lester, S.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Matter of the Estate of Emma A. Weeden, Deceased.
    (Surrogate’s Court, Saratoga County,
    April, 1902.)
    Life estate — Bight to use the principal.
    Under a bequest made by a testatrix to her husband of “ the use and occupancy of all my estate, both real and personal during his lifetime, and to such extent as he may deem necessary for his comfort. At his decease all property remaining to belong to my granddaughter ”, and in case of her death, or failure to leave issue, “ all said property so remaining” to another person, the husband takes not only a life estate but also a right to use so much of the principal as he may deem necessary for his comfort.
    Principal, which he used himself or which he paid to one who kept house for him and nursed him in sickness, will be deemed, after his death and as against the administrator with the will annexed of the testatrix, to have been expended by the husband under authority from the will.
    Proceeding hy Lee Smith, as administrator with the will annexed, of the goods, etc., of Emma A. Weeden, to compel Charles D. Gardner and James Waldron, as executors of the last will and testament of William C. Weeden, the deceased executor of the last will and testament of the said Emma A. Weeden, to account.,
    William J. Delaney, for administrator, etc., of Emma A. Weeden.
    Willard J. Miner, for executors of William C. Weeden.
   Lester, S.

Emma A. Weeden died at Greenfield, Saratoga county, April 16, 1896, leaving a last will and testament which was afterward admitted to probate by the surrogate of Saratoga county, by which she appointed William 0. Weeden the. executor thereof. Letters testamentary were duly issued to the said William 0. Weeden, and thereafter, and on the 14th day of November, 1900, said executor died, also leaving a last will and testament appointing Charles D. Gardner and James Waldron, executors thereof, which last-mentioned will was thereafter duly admitted to probate by said surrogate and letters testamentary were thereupon duly issued to the executors named therein.

After the death of the said William O. Weeden, Lee Smith was duly appointed administrator with the will annexed of the goods, chattels, and credits of the said Emma A. Weeden and said administrator now claims that the said William 0. Weeden had, at the time of his decease, or had received prior thereto, certain assets of the estate of the said Emma A. Weeden for which his estate is now accountable. This claim the executors of William 0. Weeden dispute. The parties have agreed upon the facts involved in the controversy and have stipulated to submit the matters in difference between them to the judgment of the surrogate.

The parties have proceeded upon the theory that this is such a claim as is contemplated by section 2718 of the Code of] Civil Procedure and one which might be referred as provided by that section. Such, however, is not its true character. This is, in effect, an attempt on the part of the administrator with the will annexed to call the executors of the deceased executor to account as provided by section 2606 of the Code.

The executors of the said William O. Weeden having voluntarily appeared and stipulated to submit the questions which arisé on such accounting to the judgment of the surrogate, I cannot see why the surrogate may not dispose of such questions as effectually as though the executors had been brought before him by a petition and a citation issued thereon in the usual way.

The facts upon which the claim of the administrator Smith is based are as follows:

On the 4th day of April, 1900, William 0. Weeden had in his hands $854 arising from the sale of assets of the estate of Emma A. Weeden. On that day he deposited the money in the Citizens’ National Bank of Saratoga Springs and took therefor four certificates of deposit as follows:

Certificate No. 1,705, payable to himself or William Richmond for $54.

Certificate No. 1,706, payable to Anna M. Grant, for $100.

Certificate No. 1,707, payable to Anna M. Grant, for $100.

Certificate No. 1,708, payable to Anna M. Grant, for $100.

The bank has since paid these certificates to the payees named therein.

The will of Emma A. Weeden contained the following provision : o . '

First. After all my lawful debts are paid and discharged, I give and bequeath unto my husband, William C. Weeden, the use and occupancy of all my estate, both real and personal during his lifetime, and to such extent as he may deem necessary for his comfort. At his decease all property remaining to belong to my granddaughter Elneece May Weeden, if she be then living, and in the event of her death or at her deceasq leaving no issue her surviving, all of said property so remaining shall become the property absolutely of Mary McGirk of Easton, N. J.”

The executors of William C. Weeden claim that, under this provision, he had the right to appropriate so much of the principal of the estate of Emma A. Weeden as he deemed necessary for his comfort; and that, having exercised this right in his lifetime and expended the $354, or transferred it to Anna M. Grant, his representatives are not liable to account therefor.

In addition to the facts embodied in the stipulation it was conceded on the argument that William 0. Weeden had, in his lifetime, conveyed certain of his real estate to said Anna M. Grant for services as housekeeper and nurse, a copy of the deed of which conveyance was submitted to the surrogate.

The testatrix inserted in her will certain language which seems to me significant and which I cannot forbear to think was employed by her for the purpose of extending her gift to her husband beyond a mere life estate. After having given to him the use of all her estate during his lifetime she added these words: And to such extent as he may deem necessary for his comfort.” These words, to my mind, import an expectation on the part of the testatrix that the interest and income derived from her estate might not suffice for the comfort of her husband and an intention to extend her gift to an expenditure of so much of the principal of her estate as her husband deemed necessary for his comfort. The subsequent language strengthens this belief. She gives to her granddaughter, at the decease of her husband, all property remaining; ” and, in case of her granddaughter’s death, she gives to Mary McGirk all of said property so remaining,” clearly .contemplating, it seems to me, that the property which she left at her decease, and which she gave to her husband to use to such extent as he might deem necessary, might not all remain at the time of his decease; but that a part, or the whole of it, might be used up and expended by him during his’ lifetime. In my opinion William G. Weeden took a life estate in the property bequeathed to him by his wife with the right to use so much of the principal as he might deem necessary for his comfort. Rose v. Hatch, 125 N. Y. 427.

I have reached this conclusion not without difficulty, for the intention of the testatrix is not so clear as in many of the cases that have been referred to- by the counsel for the administrator. Such cogent clauses as “ if any of said real or personal property is left ” as in Kendall v. Case, 84 Hun, 124; or “ should there be any left ” as in Thomas v. Walford, 16 N. Y. St. Repr. 764, do not appear in the will under consideration; yet the care which the testatrix uses in the subsequent gifts to her granddaughter and to Mary McGirk to employ language that imports the gift to them, not of that property the use of which she bequeathes to her husband for life, but only of “ all property remaining,” coupled with the previous language to which reference has been made, compels my present conclusion.

I appreciate the fact that the use which William C. Weeden made of his wife’s bequest has resulted in depriving her granddaughter of the fruits of the grandmother’s bounty and has probably enabled him to save property of his own to bestow in accordance with his own wishes. I have, moreover, attentively considered the case of Owens v. Owens, 64 App. Div. 212, where the words “ if any there be ” used by the testator in connection with the disposition of the remainder of his estate after the death of the life tenant, were held to have relation to the possible exhaustion of his estate in the payment of pecuniary legacies for which he had previously provided and is, therefore, to be distinguished from the case at bar.

As William C. Weeden either used the money which is the subject of the present claim himself or paid it over principally to one who had kept house for him and nursed him in sickness the presumption is that the money was expended .under the authority given him in the will to use the estate of the testatrix to such extent as he might deem necessary for his comfort. Swarthout v. Ranier, 143 N. Y. 499.

Eor these reasons I hold that the estate of William 0. Weeden is not liable to pay over to the administrator with the will annexed of Emma A. Weeden the amount of money represented by the certificates of deposit above mentioned.

A decree may be submitted accordingly.

Decreed accordingly.