Case ID: mich-np-r_2/html/0238-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Blackman, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Yore, Plaintiff in Error, vs. The People, Defendant in Error.
    
    A person arrested without warrant bytho Marshal of the village'of Benton .Harbor muatb# taken before a Justice of the Peace of Benton township,, and this must appear on tho face of tho proceedings.
    A Justice cannot hear, try and determino a criminal charge upon a complaint alone.
    A defondant in a criminal c{ts$ cannot challenge peremptorily jurors'in a Justice’s Court.
    
      JBtrrien Circuity
    
    October, 1871.'
    
      Certiorari to Justice’s .Court.
    
      C. B. Potter, for Plaintiff.
    
      G. S. Glapp, for Defendant.
   By the Court,

Blackman, J.

Burr, as MarshaFof the village . of Benton Harbor, made on oath a complaint to Justice Hull, which was reduced to writing and subscribed'by him, charging Yore with sundry violations of the ordinances of the village, in being disorderly.

The papers nowhere show of what township said Hull was a Justice. .No warrant was, issued.

After making the complaint Burr introduced the defendant Yore to the Justice, who distinctly read the complaint to Yore and required him to plead thereto. Yore plead not guilty and demanded a jury trial.

On the coming in of the six jurors summoned, Yore’s attorney challenged two of them peremptorily. The Justice overruled the challenges.

By Act No. 428, iSaws of 1869, Art. 8, § 2, Justices of the Peace of the township of Benton are authorized to hear, try and determine cases of disorderly persons arrested without warrant, and before complaint, and kept in custody.

The Justice undertook to proceed under Chap. 118, while the Section 2, of Art. 8, under which Yore was arrested, plainly contemplates proceedings under Chap. 112. By both chapters there could be no trial without a warrant, for it is on its return the Justice is authorized to hear, try and determine the cánse. § § 1551, 3926. •

, It is the chargein the warrant that is distinctly read to the defendant, and to which he is required to plead. § 3928. The sole use of the complaint is to authorize the issue of the- warrant, while the warrant serves a two-fold purpose, viz : to cause arrest and to furnish pleadings. Pratt vs. Bogardus, 49 Bar., 93; 10 Mich., 185; 9 Id., 193.

As the trial of a disorderly person arrested without warrant must be by a particular magistrate, this must appear on the face of the proceedings.

The same and style of the Justice must be . set forth in the complaint. Tiff. Cr. L., (Howell) p. 134.

The peremptory challenge is not a common law right of a person charged with a misdemeanor. 4 Bl. Com., 353. It is given by § § 4400, 6070, only to persons indicted.

§ 3934, of Ch. 118 provides for challenges upon legal objections and no other. Expressio ttnius cst cxchisio altering. Tiff. Cr. L., 154.