Case ID: nys_74/html/1111-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "JENKS, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

FARNUM v. CARR et al.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department.
    March 7, 1902.)
    1. Appeal—Review.
    Plaintiff, having merely excepted to the granting of nonsuit, and not having at any time requested submission of any question to the jury, cannot, on appeal, insist the court erred in not submitting a question.
    2. Oral Evidence—Varying Contract.
    Notes executed by defendants, as administrators of S., to plaintiff, are not altered or varied by oral evidence that, plaintiff being indorser on notes of S. held by a bank at death of S., it was agreed by all that defendants should execute the notes, plaintiff would indorse them, and the bank would accept them, and carry the original notes till a dividend from the estate could be paid, plaintiff to pay the balance, and that the arrangement should involve no liability of defendants to plaintiff or the bank.
    Appeal from trial term, Orange county.
    Action by Peter E. Farnum against Lewis E. Carr and another. From judgment for defendants, plaintiff appeals.
    Affirmed.
    Argued before GOODRICH, P. J„ and BARTLETT, JEN ICS, WOODWARD, and HIRSCHBERG, JJ.
    Thomas Darlington, for appellant.
    Lewis E. Carr, for respondents.
   JENKS, J.

This appeal is limited to the action of the trial court at the close of the evidence in dismissing the case against the defendant St. John. The testimony adduced by the defendants showed that Charles St. John died intestate on July 6, 1891, leaving an embarrassed estate. At this time the National Bank of Port Jervis held three notes for $1,500, $3,000, and $3,500, respectively, which it had discounted for Mr. St. John, the deceased. The plaintiff was indorser on the notes. The first note, which fell due on July 3d, went to protest, and the plaintiff became charged as such indorser. Thé bank could not carry the dishonored paper. On July nth the defendants became administrators of St. John’s estate. The plaintiff at that time was under heavy money obligations. After July nth, and before July 15th, the matter of the note past due was taken up, and, after the plaintiff had stated that he was unable to pay or to carry these notes, the plaintiff, the defendants, as administrators, and the bank made this agreement, namely: The defendants, as administrators, would make their notes to the order of the plaintiff in an amount equal to the said notes of the intestate, the plaintiff would indorse them, and the bank would accept them, and thereupon would carry the original notes until a dividend could be paid from the estate of Mr. St. John. If any balance were due on the original notes after such dividend, it would be paid by the plaintiff to the bank. The testimony of the defendants also showed that the sole purpose of the agreement was to induce the bank to carry the original notes which the plaintiff then could not provide for, and which the estate, in its involved condition, could not meet, and that it was clearly understood that the arrangement should involve no liability of the defendants to the plaintiff or to the bank. It was further agreed at the time that the administrators would pay on renewals amounts equal to the discounts, which amounts the bank would charge against its claim upon the old notes. Thereafter, and on July 15th, the cashier of the bank made out a note for $4,500, being the aggregate of the note for $1,500, which had become due on July 3d, and the note for $3,000 due on the following day, and, by process of average, dated the said note July nth. A memorandum showing the transaction was indorsed on the note, the plaintiff indorsed his name thereunder, and the defendants, “as administrators,” signed it. A similar course was taken when the original note for $3,500 fell due, save that the defendant St. John signed Carr’s name as well as his own, and the subsequent renewal notes were thus signed. The notes in suit are the last of a series of renewals. In December, 1897, in proceedings in the surrogate’s court upon the estate of the intestate, a dividend of 40 per cent, was declared. The bank received its dividend, and credited it upon the indebtedness of the intestate, which included the original notes, and thereafter exacted the balance of the original notes from the plaintiff. On the other hand, the plaintiff denied that he entered into any such agreement, and now contends that he was entitled to go to the jury upon the question whether he was ever a party thereto. But the record shows that his learned counsel, at the close of the evidence, admitted that the case against Carr had failed, but that he asked for judgment against the other defendant. Thereupon the defendants moved for a dismissal of the ■complaint against Carr and also against St. John. The court then ■took the case, and dismissed it as to the defendant Carr, .and non-suited as to St. John. The plaintiff excepted after this action, but did not make a request at any time for the submission of any question to. the jury.

I think that the plaintiff is precluded by the record from now raising the question that the court erred in not submitting any question to the jury. Barnes v. Ferine, 12 N. Y. 18; Winchell v. Hicks, 18 N. Y. 558; O’Neill v. James, 43 N. Y. 84; cases cited in Trimble

v. Railroad, 162 N. Y. 84, 56 N. E. 532, 48 L. R. A. 115. I think that the learned court did not err in admitting the oral testimony of this alleged agreement between the defendants, the plaintiff, and the bank. Higgins v. Ridgway, 153 N. Y. 130, 47 N. E. 32. The distinction made in Seymour v. Cowing, 4 Abb. Dec. 201,—one of the authorities cited in Higgins v. Ridgway, supra,—is that such evidence does not alter or vary the contract, but it prevents a delivery, which, unqualified, would give instant effect to the agreement, from being any other or greater effect than that contemplated.

It is also contended that the court erred in excluding the testimony of the plaintiff that there was no conversation had between him and the defendant Carr relative to the arrangement in question. Such evidence certainly was admissible. Becker v. Koch, 104 N. Y. 394, 10 N. E. 701, 58 Am. Rep. 515. But the record shows that the plaintiff was asked whether the conversation ever took place, whereupon he answered,' “Not one word.” Objection was then made on the ground that the question was incompetent and improper, in that the plaintiff could not contradict his own witness. Then the question is repeated in a more comprehensive form, and the same objection was made; but the witness again answered, “None whatever.” The coiirf said: “You voluntarily took the risk of his testimony being unfavorable to you ? (Objection sustained.)” Plaintiff excepted. If the objection had excluded the conversation, I think that the ruling would have been serious error, but the record shows that the evidence was admitted before the ruling was made, and it does not appear that the court struck it out. Moreover, it appeared that the witness shortly thereafter gave testimony which, in its plain effect, was a denial that he had ever had any conversation with Carr. I cannot see that the plaintiff was prejudiced by the exclusion of the receipts indorsed on the notes. St. John had previously testified that they represented money paid b)r the order of the surrogate (which was shown to be 40 per cent.); that the receipt was signed by Scott, who was cashier of the bank, but that he knew nothing of it. Thus there was no question that the payment had been made, and, on the other hand, there was nothing that connected either defendant with such indorsement. None of the other questions raised require comment.

The judgment should be affirmed with costs. All concur.