Case ID: ad_150/html/0532-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Clarke, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

In the Matter of the Application of Emma L. Black, Respondent, for an Order Canceling and Discharging a Certain Mortgage of Record. The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, Appellant.
    First Department,
    May 17, 1912.
    Real property— discharge of lost or mutilated mortgage in city of first class —■ sections 322 and 333 of the Real Property Law construed.
    In a county embraced wholly in a city of the first class a mortgagor of any person having an interest in procuring the discharge of a mortgage which has been lost, mutilated or destroyed, should upon proof' of the facts apply to the court under section 822 of the Real Property Law for an order dispensing with the production of the original mortgage and should not proceed under section 333 of said law, as added by chapter 574 of the Laws of 1911, which only applies to cases of- willful neglect or refusal to produce the original mortgage, while section 322 covers the ease of inability.
    The latter section is not in conflict with the former, nor has it repealed expressly or by implication. Both are in pari materia, and are to be construed as equally effective, but applicable to different situations.
    Appeal by the Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the New York Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 4th day of April, 1912, directing payment of a sum due upon a mortgage to the chamberlain of the city of New York and upon such payment directing the register óf the county of New York to mark said mortgage canceled and discharged of record*
    
      
      Charles W. Pierson of counsel [ William H. P. Oliver and L. A. Doherty with him on the brief], Alexander & Green, attorneys, for the appellant.
    
      Samuel Phillips Savage of counsel [Curtis, Mallet-Provost & Colt, attorneys], for the respondent.
   Clarke, J.:

The respondent alleges in her petition that she is the owner of certain described real estate in the city of New York and that on or about November 2, 1899, she duly executed her bond for $29; 250 and a mortgage securing the same, covering said premises, to one Daniel R. Kendall, which was duly recorded; that by certain assignments duly recorded said bond and mortgage were assigned to the Equitable Life Assurance Society; that a payment was made on account of the principal, leaving a balance of principal due of $20,000; that on March 12, 1912, the petitioner’s attorneys “ presented to said Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, pursuant to the provisions of chapter 514 of the Laws of 1911, a satisfaction piece certifying that the mortgage had been paid, and consenting that it be discharged of record, and tendered $20,286.12 lawful money of the United States in legal tender, being the sum due upon said date for principal and interest upon said mortgage, together with the sum of fifty cents, being the fee allowed by law for taking the acknowledgment of a deed; that your petitioner’s said, representative then demanded that said satisfaction piece be executed and delivered, together with said mortgage; that 0. J. Martin, the deputy comptroller of said Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, being the officer to whom said tender 'was made on behalf of said Company, refused to Surrender said mortgage or the bond which the same was given to secure, stating that the same had been destroyed by fire, and that he was not able to deliver the same.” Wherefore, she prayed for an order canceling and discharging the mortgage of record and directing that the sum tendered be paid to the chamberlain of the city of New York, and upon depositing the said sum with the chamberlain the register be directed to mark said mortgage canceled and discharged of record.

Upon this petition an order to show cause why the relief asked should not be granted was served upon the Equitable Life Assurance Society. Upon the return to the order an affidavit of Charles J. Martin, deputy comptroller of said society,'was presented in which he averred that the society was the owner of the bond and mortgage described; that it had never been assigned by said society or in - any other manner transferred or disposed of; “That on the 12th day of March said Society was ready and willing to accept payment of the amount due on said bond and mortgage at that date, to wit, the sum of $20,286.12, and to execute and deliver to any person paying the same a proper certificate of satisfaction certifying to the payment thereof; that the said Society was then and is now unable to deliver the original bond and mortgage for the reason that the same have been destroyed by fire, as will more fully appear by the annexed affidavits of Alfred Taggard and John B. Bussell; that the said petitioner herein has at no time tendered to said Society the amount due on said bond and mortgage, or offered to pay said amount due to said Society, except upon the condition that said bond and mortgage be simultaneously surrendered to petitioner, which petitioner has always well known this Society was unable to do.”

The affidavit of Bussell set forth that for twenty years last past he has been bookkeeper of the bond and mortgage department of the Equitable Life Assurance Society; that the society, to the deponent’s knowledge, had said bond and mortgage in its possession at the time of the fire which destroyed the Equitable Building in the city of Mew York on January 9, 1912; that to the best of deponent’s recollection and belief said bond and mortgage were at the time of said fire deposited in the safe in said bond and mortgage department Where papers in current use were kept; that deponent has examined the mortgag© records and files of said society since the fire and contained in the society’s mortgage vault and that the bond and mortgage described in said petition cannot be found; that deponent has many times examined the ruins of the Equitable Building in an endeavor to find the safe above mentioned in which said bond and mortgage is believed to have been at the time of the fire, and that no trace of said safe or of its contents has been found; that deponent has been informed by the firemen and building experts who have examined said ruins that said safe was in that part of the Equitable Building which experienced the greatest heat during said fire and where destruction was most complete.

Taggard’s affidavit avers that for fourteen years last past he has had charge of the mortgage records of said society; that prior to the 9th of January, 1912, the society’s mortgages were kept in a large vault built in the society’s building at 120 Broadway, to which deponent had access; that shortly before the 9th of January, 1912, deponent removed from said vault the bond and mortgage described in said petition in order that a satisfaction piece or assignment of said bond and mortgage might be prepared in compliance with a notice from the owner of the mortgaged premises that payment of said mortgage would shortly be made; that said bond and mortgage and the accompanying papers were placed by petitioner in a safe in the bond and mortgage department of the society, where it was the society’s custom to keep papers in current use or papers which might have to be examined or delivered on short notice; that to the best of deponent’s recollection and belief said bond and mortgage and accompanying papers were deposited in this safe at the time of the fire which destroyed the Equitable Building; that deponent has carefully examined all of the mortgage files of the society contained' in its vault, and that said bond and mortgage were not among them; that' deponent has many times examined the ruins of the Equitable Building in an endeavor to discover the said safe, and that said safe and its contents have never heen found, and are believed to have been totally destroyed by said fire.

The controversy before this court is highly technical in its character, and is whether section 322 of the Beal Property Law (Consol. Laws, chap, 50; Laws of 1909, chap. 52) or section 333 of said law, added by chapter 574 of the Laws of 1911, applies to the facts presented.

Section 322 providés as follows: “In counties wholly embraced in a city of the first class no mortgage shall be discharged of record unless, in addition to the certificate provided and required by the preceding section, there shall be presented to the recording officer for cancellation the original mortgage, or a certified copy of an order made and entered as hereinafter provided. * * * If for any reason said mortgagee, his personal representative or assign can not produce said original mortgage, the said officer shall not discharge said mortgage until there shall he delivered to him a certified copy of an order made and entered as hereinafter provided. * * * Where the mortgage shall have been lost, mutilated or destroyed, or upon which the signature or signatures are wholly obliterated or removed, any person having any interest in securing the discharge of the same may apply to the Supreme Court or the County Court in or of the county in which property affected by the mortgage, or any part thereof, is situated, upon a petition duly verified, containing the name and address of the owner of the property covered by the mortgage, the name and address of the owner of the bond and mortgage, to the best of the petitioner’s knowledge and belief, and the owner thereof as appears of record, a full description of the mortgage and of any assignments thereof, that may appear upon the record, including the names of the mortgagor, mortgagee, assignor, assignee, date, amount, and the place, hook, page and time of record of said mortgage and any assignments thereof, and a description of the property affected thereby, and showing the loss, • mutilation or destruction of the mortgage, or obliteration or removal of the signature or signatures thereon or therefrom, and the interest of the petitioner in the property or the mortgage, for,an order dispensing with the production of the said mortgage and directing the discharge thereof. * * * Upon the return day of such notice or order to show cause, the court, upon due proof of service of the notice, or order to show cause, upon the parties above specified, and on further proof of the identity of the person presenting the petition, shall-inquire, in such manner as it may deem advisable, into the truth of the facts set out in the petition, and upon proof satisfactory to the court that said mortgage has been lost, mutilated or destroyed, or that the signature or signatures have been obliterated or removed thereon or therefrom, and as to the identity of the mortgagee, his personal representatives or assigns, and such other proof in relation thereto as to the court may seem desirable, the court shall make an order dispensing with the production of the mortgage and directing its cancellation of record, as hereinabove provided. In case the mortgagee, his personal representatives or assigns, shall not appear in court upon the return day of said notice or order to show cause, or shall refuse or neglect, if present, to give the certificate for discharge above specified, the court may direct the amount due upon said bond and mortgage to be paid to the officer specified by law to hold court funds and moneys deposited in court in the county wherein the mortgaged premises are situated in whole or in part, and the mortgage to be canceled of record in all counties where any of the lands affected by said mortgage are situated upon the production of a certified copy of the order and the receipt of such officer showing that the amount of said mortgage has been deposited with him, which receipt shall be a substitute for the certificate of discharge above specified. If, in the proceedings had under and in pursuance of this section, it shall appear to the satisfaction of the court that the principal sum and interest due upon said mortgage, or the bond accompanying the same has been fully paid, then the said deposit of money hereinabove provided for shall bé dispensed with. The money deposited shall be payable to the mortgagee, his personal representatives or assigns, upon an order of the Supreme or County Court directing the payment thereof to him, made upon such evidence as to his right to receive the same as shall be satisfactory to the court.”

This statute, it will be perceived, provides that no mortgage shall be discharged of record unless upon the presentation of the original mortgage and a satisfaction piece, and in case the mortgage has been lost, mutilated or destroyed, provides for an order which shall take the place of the mortgage upon production of which the register is authorized to cancel the ■ mortgage of record.

In terms this statute exactly meets the facts in this case. The mortgage had been destroyed, the mortgagee was ready to receive payment and to give a satisfaction piece. If both parties had co-operated, instead of standing stiffly upon what they claimed to be their technical rights, the mortgagor would have tendered payment without coupling it with the condition of the simultaneous delivery of the mortgage with which condition it was impossible for the mortgagee to comply as the mortgagor. knew, and the mortgagee would have tendered the proof, which it has now furnished, sufficient to satisfy the statute and procure cancellation, and both parties would have united in procuring the necessary order which, under the facts shown, could have been obtained without delay or difficulty.

But the mortgagor claimed that section 333 of the Real Property Law, added by chapter 574 of the Laws, of 1911, and which did not in terms repeal said section 322, governed. Said section provides as follows: “§ 333. 1. Upon the request of the mortgagor or of any other person interested in the mortgaged premises made at any time that payment thereof is entitled to be made and upon presentation of a satisfaction piece certifying that the mortgage has been paid or otherwise satisfied and discharged and consenting that it be discharged of record, and upon tender of payment of the sum or sums due as principal and interest upon the mortgage or upon the debt or obligation secured thereby, together with the fees allowed by law for taking the acknowledgment of a deed, a mortgagee of real property situate in this State, must execute and acknowledge before a proper officer, in like manner as to entitle a conveyance to be recorded, such satisfaction piece, and thereupon deliver the same and the mortgage to the person making such tender of payment as aforesaid. 2. Upon the failure or refusal of any such mortgagee to comply with the foregoing provisions of this section any person having an interest in the mortgage or the debt or obligation secured thereby, or in the mortgaged premises, may apply to the Supreme Court or a justice thereof, or to the County Court or a judge thereof, in or of any county in which the mortgaged premises or any part thereof are situated in whole or in part, upon a petition, for an order to show cause why an order should not be made by such court canceling and discharging the mortgage of record, and directing the register or clerk of any county in whose office the same may have been recorded to mark the same upon his records as canceled and discharged, and further ordering and directing that the debt or other obligation secured by the mortgage he canceled, upon condition that the sums tendered pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this section to he paid to the officer specified by law to hold court funds and moneys deposited in court in the county wherein the mortgaged premises are situated in whole or in part * * Subdivision 3 provides for the case where an actual tender cannot with due diligence he made within this State. 5. .Upon the return day of such order to show cause, the court, upon proof of due service thereof and on proof of the identity of the mortgagee and of the person presenting the petition, shall inquire in such manner as it may deem advisable, into the truth of the facts set forth in the petition, and in case it shall appear that said principal sum or any unpaid balance thereof and interest and the said fees allowed by law have been duly tendered but not accepted and said satisfaction piece has been duly presented for execution, or that such tender and presentation could not have been made within this State with due diligence, then the court shall make an order directing the sums so tendered, or in a case where such tender could not have been made as aforesaid, directing the principal sum or any unpaid balance thereof, with interest thereon to the date of entry of said order and the aforesaid fees allowed by law, be paid to the officer specified by law to hold court funds and moneys deposited in court in the county wherein the application herein is made, and directing and ordering that upon such payment the debt or other obligation secured by the mortgage he canceled. * * * The money deposited shall he payable to the mortgagee, his personal representative or assigns, upon an order of the Supreme Court or County Court, directing the payment thereof to him upon such evidence as to his right to receive the same as shall he satisfactory to the court.”.

This statute says nothing about a lost, destroyed or mutilated mortgage. It takes effect upon the failure or refusal of the mortgagee to give the satisfaction piece and surrender the mortgage. It further furnishes a method of payment where the mortgagee cannot be served. The-mischief it attempts to cure is willful neglect or refusal, while section 322 covers the case of inability. One provides a remedy against the contumacious — the other the unfortunate. The later act is not in conflict 'with, nor has it repealed expressly or impliedly, the former. ' Both are in pari materia, and are to be construed as equally effective, applicable to different situations.

In the case at bar the mortgagee did not refuse to accept payment, execute a satisfaction piece and deliver the mortgage. It was ready and willing to receive payment and execute the satisfaction piece; it was unable to deliver the mortgage because it had been destroyed. It should not be required • to seek the payment of its debt át the hands of the chamberlain with the inevitable consequence of loss of interest and the payment of fees. Nor has the mortgagor in good faith complied with the statute for it has not made a valid tender but one coupled with a condition it knew impossible of performance.

We think the order was wrong, but we are of opinion, as all of the facts are before the court, that we should now direct the proper order to he entered, which is, that upon payment to the mortgagee of the principal sum due upon the mortgage, with interest to the time of payment, and the execution by the mortgagee of a satisfaction piece, the production of the mortgage is dispensed with, having been shown to have been lost or destroyed,'and that the register, upon the presentation of the satisfaction piece and a certified copy of the order to he entered hereon, cancel said mortgage of record and make the appropriate entries in his hooks as required by law, and the order so modified is affirmed, without costs to either party.

Ingraham, P. J., Laughlin, Scott and Miller, JJ., concurred.

Order modified as directed in opinion, and as modified affirmed, without costs. Order to be settled on notice. 
      
       Since amd. by Laws of 1913, chap. 354—[Rep.