Case ID: nys_22/html/1031-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "INGRAHAM, J. VAR BRURT, P. J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

JOVA v. SOUTHERN IMP. CO.
    (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department.
    April 14, 1893.)
    Contract—Construction.
    A contract recited that plaintiff was employed by a corporation as its physician, from October 1, 1889, to May 1, 1890, at $50 per month, or, in case R. severed his connection with the corporation before May 1, 1800, plaintiff’s salary should be $125 per month, and to continue one year from May 1, 1890, or from the date when R.’s connection ceased. Plaintiff was paid $50 per month till May 1, 1890, and $125 for the month following. R.’s employment ceased the last of April, ÍS90. Held, that plaintiff was employed from October 1, 1889, to May 1, 1891, at $50 per month, till the time when R.’s employment ceased, and $125 per month afterwards.
    Appeal from circuit court New York county.
    Action by Andrew V. Jova against the Southern Improvement Company to recover for breach of contract. There was judgment dismissing the complaint, and plaintiff appeals.
    Reversed.
    The following is a copy of the contract between the parties:
    “It is agreed this 21st day of October, 1889, between Andrew V. .Tova, M. D., of New York, of the first part, and the Southern Improve cent Company, a corporation created and existing under the laws of the stite of New Jersey, of the second part, that the party of the first part shall furnish medical attendance and perform the duties of physician in charge of the Mountain Park Hotel, Hot Springs, North Caiolina, commencing October 1, 1889. And the party of the second part agree* to pay said .party of the first part, from the date named, (October 1, 1889,) a salary of $50 per month with board lodging, and washing at said hotel until May 1,1890, or in case of the resignation of Dr. TV. F. Ross, or his relinquishment of his contract, before May 1. 1890, then the amount to be paid by the party of the second part shall be one hundred and twenty-five dollars ($125) per month, in addition to board, etc., as above stated, and to continue for one year from May 1,1890, or from the date Dr. Ross severs his connection, professionally, with the party of the second part And the party of the first part agrees to report all receipts for medical attendance and professional services to the representatives of the party of the second part, and to turn over all such receipts to said representatives every month. In witness whereof,” etc.
    Argued before VAN BRUNT, P. J., and O’BRIEN and INGRAHAM, JJ.
    
      H. K. Doherty, for appellant.
    . Peabody, Baker & Peabody, for respondent.
   INGRAHAM, J.

The action is brought to recover damages for the breach of a contract whereby plaintiff claims to have been employed by the defendant until May 1, 1891. The complaint sets forth the contract in full; alleges that a Dr. Ross, mentioned in the contract, continued in the employ of the defendant until his contract with the defendant terminated by limitation, at the end of April, 1890; that the plaintiff entered upon his employment under said agreement, and duly discharged all the duties thereof until the end of May, 1890, and was paid for his services up to that time; and that about the end of May, 1890, plaintiff was, without cause or right, discharged by the defendant. Upon the construction of this contract as claimed by plaintiff, he was liable from October 1, 1889, to May 1, 1891, and, while the construction to be given to it is not free from doubt, I am of the opinion that the plaintiff is right. By the agreement which was dated the 21st of October, 1889, the plaintiff, the party of the first part agreed to furnish medical attendance, and perform the duties of physician in charge of the Mountain Park Hotel, Hot Springs, ¡N. 0., commenced October 1, 1889. There is in this covenant, on the part of the plaintiff, no time fixed for the termination of the employment. Then follows the covenant of the defendant. It is that defendant agrees to pay to plaintiff from October 1,1889, a salary of $50 per month, with board, etc., at said hotel, until May 1, 1890, “or in the case of the resignation of Dr. Ross, or his relinquishment of his contract before May 1, 1890, then the amount to be paid by the party of the second part shall be one hundred and twenty-five dollars per month, in addition to board, etc., as before stated.” If the contract had stopped here, it might be held to be an employment to May 1, 1890, at $50 per month, or in case of the resignation of, or the relinquishment of his contract by, Dr. Ross, the compensation was to be $125 per month. The contract then contains the following: “And to continue for one year from May 1, 1890, or from the day that Dr. Ross severs his connection professionally with the party of the second part,” (the defendant.) What is to continue for bne year? Evidently, the employment of the plaintiff, and it is this latter clause of the contract that contains the first provision as to the period during which the contract is to continue in force; the provision in the former part of the contract, as to the 1st of May, evidently applying to the period for which $50 a month was to be paid. If it had been the intention of the parties that the continuance of the employment after May 1, 1890, should be conditioned upon the resignation or retirement of Dr. Ross prior to May 1st, the provision that the contract was to continue for one year from May 1,1890, would have been meaningless.

Taking the whole contract, together with the situation of the parties, as alleged in the complaint, and the fact, as there alleged, that Dr. Ross’ contract with the company terminated in the latter part of April, the proper construction to be given to the contract is, I think, that the plaintiff was to be employed from October 1, 1889, to May 1, 1891; that he was to be paid $50 per month until Dr. Ross’ professional connection with the defendant ceased,—if before May 1st, by resignation or relinquishment of the then existing contract, or, after May 1st, by the termination of his contract, and that the amount to be paid was to be $125 per month. And this construction is necessary to give effect to all the provisions of the contract, and is confirmed by the construction placed upon the contract by the defendant which appears by the fact alleged in the complaint, and which must on this appeal be taken as true,— that the plaintiff continued in the employment until the end of May, 1891, and was paid for the month of May at the rate of $125 per month. It follows that the court below erred in dismissing the complaint, and the judgment must be reversed, and a new trial ordered, with costs to the appellant, to abide the event.

O’BRIER, J., concurs.

VAR BRURT, P. J.

I would be inclined to differ from Mr. Justice ■ INGRAHAM in his interpretation of the contract in question, were it not for the alleged interpretation put upon it by the action of the parties, which allegations, for the purposes of this appeal, we must accept as true.