Case ID: sw_147/html/0270-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "HARPER, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

YARBOROUGH v. STATE.
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    April 24, 1912.)
    1.Criminal Law (§ 595) — Continuance— Absence oe Character Witnesses.
    Absence of -character witnesses is no ground upon which to base an application for a continuance.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 1311, 1323-1327; Dec. Dig. § 595.]
    2.Criminal Law (§ 598) — Continuance-Diligence in Application.
    Where a companion case was tried while accused was present in court, knowing that absent witnesses were not in attendance, and that his case was next for trial, and he made no effort to secure the attendance of such witnesses although knowing where they lived, there was not such diligence in securing their attendance as would justify a continuance.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 1335-1341; Dec. Dig. § 598.]
    3. Criminal Law (§ 1056) — Misdemeanors —Instructions—Exceptions.
    Instructions given in a misdemeanor case cannot be considered where defendant did not except to the charge when read. '
    [Ed. .Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, CenfcDig. §§ 2668,2670; Dec.Dig. § 1056.]
    4. Criminal Law (§ 829) — Triai^-Request for Instructions.
    Requested charges which have been covered so far as applicable to the facts by the court’s main charge are properly refused.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. § 2011; Dec. Dig. § 829.]
    5. Assault and Battery (§ 67) — Criminal Prosecution — Self-Defense.
    One who wrongfully went upon the premises of another to take property without warrant of law, knowing that he was depending solely on force, cannot, in a prosecution for assault, claim to have acted in self-defense.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Assault and Battery, Cent. Dig. §§ 96, 97; Dec. Dig. § 67.]
    6. Assault and Battery (§ 96) — Prosecution — Instructions—Sele-Deeense.
    In a prosecution for aggravated assault where the evidence tended to show that defendant, with his father, had gone armed to the house of another to take cotton without warrant of law and by force and did so, and that the claimant’s wife, who tried to prevail on defendant not to take the cotton, was violently assaulted and beaten and rendered unconscious, and that his father warned defendant to look out as claimant’s wife was going to hit him with a sweep, an instruction that if defendant did not assault the claimant’s wife, or if there was a reasonable doubt as to his having done so, he should be acquitted, fully presented the defendant’s theory of self-defense.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Assault and Battery, Cent. Dig. §§ 142-150; Dec. Dig. § 96.]
    Appeal from Panola County Court; W. R. Anderson, Judge.
    Ely Yarborough was convicted of aggravated assault, and he appeals.
    Affirmed.
    H. N. Nelson, for appellant. C. E. Lane, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
    
      
      For other cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
    
      
      For other cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r Indexes .
    
   HARPER, J.

Appellant was indicted, tried, and convicted of an aggravated assault, from which judgment he prosecutes this appeal. The court did not err in overruling the application for a continuance. A companion case had been tried the previous day. Appellant, being present and knowing the absent witnesses were not in attendance on that case, should have applied for process for the witnesses. Two of the witnesses absent, it is stated, would testify that appellant’s reputation for peace and veracity was good.

Absence of character witnesses has generally been considered as no ground upon which to base an application for a continuance.

The testimony of the other absent witness would be material, but by the qualification of the court it appears that this witness was summoned to appear the first day of the term and did not appear on that day. By agreement, the case was set for trial during the third week of court, and when a companion case was called the witness did not appear, and a motion was made in that ease to continue on account of the absence of this witness. The motion was overruled, and that case went to trial, and appellant, knowing that his case would he called at the termination of that case, made no effort to secure the attendance of the witness, although he knew where he resided. Diligence is wholly lacking in this case, and, if we consider the affidavits of Bowen and Bell, we can hardly conclude that the witness would testify as alleged, or, if he did so testify, such testimony would have much weight when impeached by Bowen and Bell.

The complaints in the motion for new trial of several paragraphs of the court’s charge, this being a misdemeanor, cannot be considered, as appellant did not except to the charge- of the court at the time it was read. This question is discussed at length in Basquez v. State, 56 Tex. Cr. R. 330, 119 S. W. 861, citing authorities, and the difference in procedure in misdemeanor and felony cases is there emphasized and made plain in a well-considered opinion by Presiding Judge Davidson.

So much of the special charges requested as were applicable to the facts in this case were covered by the court’s main charge. Appellant and his father, carrying guns, had gone to the house of J. R. Thrash to take cotton without warrant of law and by force, and did do so. Mrs. Thrash, seeing that appellant and his father were armed, prevented her husband from going where they were, and she went to see if she could not prevail on them not to take the two bales of cotton. She says appellant assaulted her, threw her violently on the floor and jumped on her, placing his knees on her breast and beat her. She says he dragged her out of the house by the hair of the head, when she lost consciousness. The testimony of the physician who waited on Mrs.. Thrash, and the witnesses who saw her jmmediately after the alleged assault corroborate her. Appellant denies making any assault on Mrs. Thrash, but says when Mrs. Thrash came his father exclaimed, ‘‘Look out there Ely, she is going to hit you with a sweep,” and he caught the sweep and wrenched it out of her hand, and she fell to the -floor.

Appellant cannot claim to have acted in self-defense, as he was wrongfully on the premises, doing an illegal act, with knowledge that he and others were depending solely on force and the use of guns to accomplish their purpose. However, if he made no assault, of course he would not be guilty of that offense, even if he was guilty of a different offense. The court, however, fully presented, that theory, instructing the jury: “If you believe from the evidence that the defendant did not assault Mattie Thrash, or if you have a reasonable doubt as to the defendant having assaulted her, you will acquit the defendant,” and then gave the usual and customary charge on presumption of innocence and reasonable doubt.

The judgment is affirmed.