Case ID: ny-st-rep_8/html/0825-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Barnard, P. J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Emile Taber, App’lt, v. Walter R. Willets et al., as Executors of Stephen Taber, Deceased, Resp’ts.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, Second Department,
    
    
      Filed May 9, 1887.)
    
    1. Evidence—What admissible under Code Civ. Pro., § 829.
    In an action to recover possession of a bond and mortgage from the-executors, which was claimed by the plaintiff to have been given to her by her husband, the t> stator, the plaintiff was permitted to testify that she had it in October. 1885, and from time to time thereafter, that she had possession of it in February, 1886, at the New York hotel, where they were then living, that Mr. Taber, her husband, used to take the paper to ' settle the matter with Mr. Levitt." This was stricken out as being-within the prohibition of Code Civ. Pro., § 829. Held, error.
    2 Gift—Mortgage passed by delivery.
    The gift of a mortgage, in apprehension of death, or among the living,, may be effected by a simple delivery of the security.
    Appeal from a judgment entered in favor of the defendant’s upon the dismissal of the complaint upon the trial of the action at the Queens county circuit.
    
      Moore, Low & Wallace, for app’lt; Garretson & Eastman, for resp’ts.
   Barnard, P. J.

The plaintiff is the widow of Stephen Taber, deceased. The defendants are his executors.

In 1873 one Groff gave a bond and mortgage to Annabella Levitt for $4,500, and this mortgage was assigned by a written assignment to the deceased testator

He died in 1886 and this mortgage was found among Lis papers. The widow claims title to the same by gift from her husband. The defendants deny the claim and assert that it was an asset of the deceased Upon the trial the plaintiff was called as a witness in her own behalf, and was sworn. She was asked if ’ she had the possession of the bond and mortgage in her husband’s lifetime and was permitted, under objection as to the competency of evidence, to testify that she had it in October, 1885, and from time to-time thereafter, that she had the possession of it in February, 1886, at the New York hotel, where they were then living. That Mr. Taber used to take the paper to “ settle the matter with Mr. Levitt.”

The evidence given by the plaintiff “as to her possession of the bond and mortgage,” was all stricken out as coming within the prohibition of section 829 of the Code.

The first question presented, therefore, isas to the correctness of this ruling.

The court of appeals have recently been called to pass upon this section in several reported cases. Wadsworth v. Heermans, 85 N. Y., 639; Pinney v. Orth, 88 id., 450; Holcomb v. Holcomb, 95 id., 325; Lewis v. Merritt, 98 id., 209.

In Wadsworth v. Heermans, a claimant for certain bonds against a deceased party was permitted to testify that he bought the bonds of a third party, put them in his safe, and that the deceased in his absence took them out, and that they were not in the name of the deceased.

The court say that while the evidence might inferentially negative a personal transaction with deceased, yet that the fact was an indisputed one, and that an inference may be formed upon such a fact.

In Pinney v. Orth, a defendant was permitted to testify in reply to proof by a clerk of a transaction between a deceased person and the defendant that he was present at no such interview.

• In Holcomb v. Holcomb, the particular evidence received was held improper under this section, but it was reasserted that an indisputed fact could be proved, because the section did not prohibit such evidence, and apart from this section parties generally were witnesses.

In Lewis v. Merritt, the very point presented is decided. The facts are entirely similar, and the only difference between the case there presented and the one in question consisted in a reverse of parties. The executors of a deceased person were plaintiffs, and the claim of title was met by an adverse claim derived from a gift by the deceased. The defendant upon the trial was not permitted to state that he had possession of the subject of the dispute in the life-time of the testator.

The court of appeals held the ruling to be improper, and that the evidence was admissible, “athough such facts also incidentally tended to establish the inference that a personal transaction or communication between the witness and the testator had taken place.”

It did not need á written assignment to make a complete gift if all other requisites to make a gift are proven. “ It is clear upon the authorities cited that choses in action, such as bonds and mortgages and promissory notes, not indorsed, may be well transferred by delivery only as a donatio causa mortis.” The gift of a mortgage, in apprehension of death or among the living, “may be effected by a simple delivery of the security.” Westerlo v. Dewitt, 36 N. Y., 340.

Admitting the possession of the bond and mortgage to have been in the plaintiff after October, 1885, with occasional periods in which her husband had apparent possession of the same, the proof of the gift was sufficient to go to the jury. The parties were married late in 1884. In October, 1888, the wife had this bond and mortgage. That was about the time when the deceased and his wife proposed to exchange the bond and mortgage for a house for Mrs. Taber. He stated to a vendor that the bond and mortgage belonged to his wife, and that the cottage was for her, which would be taken in exchange for it. . There was a change of three cottages, or the house covered by the mortgage which it was proposed to give Mrs. Taber, and in March or April, 1886, she selected the house.

Mr. Taber was then on his death bed, and said that “ he was too feeble to change the paper.” He died in a day or two thereafter.

There is further proof to the effect that some six months before his death the testator said to the plaintiff’s sister that he had given the bond and mortgage to his wife, and that she was to take, therefor a house and lot, and that in the fore part of April, 1886, the deceased proposed to his wife to go out and “settle up that affair of your mortgage.” She refused to permit it on account of his health. Upon this evidence if credited by the jury, a gift may be established to the plaintiff.

If the bond and mortgage was in his actual possession and there be proof that it was delivered to her with the intent to convey and transfer at once the title thereto, and if the subsequent possession of the paper in the husband is explained by reason of his acting for her in transferring her property for land to be taken to her in exchange, all requirements of a valid gift will be furnished The question was one for the jury.

The judgment should be reversed and a new trial granted, costs to abide the event.

Pratt and Dykman, JJ., concur.