Case ID: sw_291/html/0557-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "HAWKINS, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

BARRINGTON v. STATE.
    (No. 10534.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 23, 1927.)
    1. Witnesses <&wkey;337(6) — Cross-examination, showing defendant pleaded guilty to theft of chickens, held proper, where officers denied claim of promise not to prosecute burglary charge.
    Cross-examination of defendant in burglary prosecution, eliciting fact that defendant and another had entered pleas of guilty to theft of chickensjieid proper, where it was brought out on direct examination that he had been convicted for theft of chickens in county court, and claim that inducement to enter plea of guilty was on promise that no burglary charge would be prosecuted was denied by officers.
    2. Criminal law <©=>1092(14) — Bill of exception as to which matters complained of were not certified by trial judge cannot be considered.
    Bill of exception cannot be considered, where matters therein complained of are not certified by trial judge as having taken place, and he expressly states that he cannot approve bill.
    3. Criminal law <@=>419, 420(10) — Hearsay testimony that officers had toidi defendant and another that no other prosecution would follow if they pleaded guilty to theft of chickens held properly excluded.
    Testimony of hearing others tell defendant and another in jail that county officers bad authorized them to state that, if they pleaded guilty to theft of chickens, no further prosecution would follow, held properly excluded as hearsay.
    4. Criminal law &wkey;>!092(l I) — Trial judge’s notation that attention was nof called to argument complained of, not recalling argument, held not certificate that argument was made.
    Trial court’s notation in bill of exception attempting .to bring forward complaint of argument of prosecuting attorney to effect that his attention was not called to any such argument by written memorandum, and he does not recall language complained of was used, held not a certificate that argument was made.
    5. Criminal law <&wkey;>!092(l2) — Bystander’s bill to show correctness of recitals in bill of exceptions requires three bystanders, excluding attorneys or parties to suit (Rev. St. 1925, art. 2237).
    Bystander’s bill, under Rev. St. 1925, art. 2237, for purpose of showing that recitals in bill are correct, requires three bystanders, excluding attorneys or parties, to suit, as they are not such bystanders as was contemplated by statute.
    6. Criminal law <&wkey;644 — Refusal to declare mrsfriai for sheriff’s search of codefendant for butcher knife held not shown to have resulted in injury to defendant.
    Bill of exception, complaining of sheriff’s search of codefendant, being tried jointly, for a butcher knife, in presence of jury, held not to show injury to defendant because of refusal to declare mistrial, though search of codefendant « was unauthorized.
    Appeal from District Court, Shackelford County; W. R. Ely, Judge.
    M. M. Barrington was convicted of burglary, and he appeals.
    Affirmed.
    Will R. Saunders, of Breckenridge, and E. W. Bounds, of Fort Worth, for appellant.
    Sam D. Stinson, State’s Atty., of Austin, and Robt M. Lyles, Asst State’s Atty., of Groesbeck, for the State.
   HAWKINS, J.

Conviction is for burglary; punishment being 4 years in the penitentiary.

The house alleged to have been burglarized was a chicken house, belonging to Mr. J. R. Davis, and situated in Albany, Tex. Appellant and one A. J. Davis were separately indicted, charged with committing the burglary, but by agreement were tried jointly. We learn this from the recitals in one of the bills of exception. The evidence established that the house in question was burglariously entered on the night of February 18, 1926, and between 30 and 40 chickens and one turkey stolen. About one week later A. J. Davis sold Collins, a poultry dealer at Cisco, a turkey and 44 chickens. The trade was made with A. J. Davis, but appellant was present and helped unload the poultry. The turkey and part of the chickens purchased by Cob lins were positively identified by J. R. Davis as those stolen from him on the night of the burglary. Appellant admitted being present with A. J. Davis when the poultry was sold to Collins, but denied any interest in the poultry or that he participated in.the burglary. The testimony óf A. J.' Davis is also found in the record. He denied the burglary,-but admitted selling the poultry to Collins, claiming he had received them from a Mrs. Mass, who was his former wife, and averred that he was disposing of them for her. She was a lace and toilet article peddler, and claimed to take chickens in trade and then have her former husband sell them for her. However', she denied ever having traded for a turkey with a knot under its eye (which was one of the distinguishing features of the particular turkey in this case) or of getting any chickens in trade from J. R. Davis. The defense interposed occurs to us to have been rather fanciful, and it evidently was so regarded by the jury.

The case seems to have been submitted in a manner acceptable to appellant, as no objections to the court’s instructions appear in the record. Seven bills of exception bring forward complaints of the matters occurring during the trial.

Bills Nos. 1 and 2 complain because appellant was asked about having pleaded guilty to stealing the chickens. This incident was not mentioned until appellant - went on the witness stand in his own behalf, and on his direct examination his own counsel developed that he had been convicted in the county court for the theft of the chickens. On cross-examination, it was elicited that both he and A. J. Davis had entered pleas of guilty to the theft of the chickens. In an effort to break the force of this circumstance, both of them claimed that they were not guilty, but were induced to enter the plea on the promise of the county attorney and county judge that no burglary charge would be prosecuted. This was denied by the two officers named. No error appears in this proceeding.

Bill No. 3 cannot be considered. The matters therein complained of are not certified by the trial judge as having taken place. He says expressly that he cannot approve the bill. His notation was equivalent to a refusal of it.

It is not necessary to discuss bill No. 4. It complains of the court’s refusal to instruct a verdict of not guilty on the theory that the state had not shown that appellant burglar-iously entered the house in question. The facts warranted the refusal of this instruction.

In bill No. 5 complaint is made because the court did not permit one Rambo to testify that he heard Mrs. Mass and the brother of appellant tell him and A. J. Davis, in the jail that the county judge and county attorney had authorized them to state to appellant and Davis if they would plead guilty to the theft of the chickens no further prosecution would follow. This was hearsay and properly excluded. ' It was denied by the officers that they made any such promise or authorized any one else to do so.

Bill No. 6 cannot be considered. It attempts to bring forward complaint at the argument of the prosecuting attorney. The court declined to approve the bill. He says in his notation that his attention was not called to any such argument by a written request at the time of the trial, and that he does not recall that the language complained of was used. This is not a certificate that the argument was made. Cases directly in point are Lane v. State, 59 Tex. Cr. R. 595, 129 S. W. 353; Watson v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 287 S. W. 265. The affidavit of appellant’s attorney attached to the bill stating that the recitals in the bill are correct cannot be considered. If appellant desired to resort to a bystanders’ bill, it was necessary for him to comply with the statute. R. C. S. art. 2237 (1925 Revision). This requires three bystanders. It has also been decided that attorneys or parties to the suit are not such bystanders as was contemplated by the statute. Polk v. State, 91 Tex. Cr. R. 354, 23S S. W. 934; Walker v. State, 88 Tex. Cr. R. 389, 227 S. W. 308; Hunt v. State, 89 Tex. Cr. R. 89, 229 S. W. 869.

Bill No. 7 presents the following occurrence: While appellant and A. J. Davis were separately indicted, they were by agreement being tried jointly. During the temporary absence of appellant’s attorney from the courtroom, the sheriff caused A. J. Davis to stand up, and in the presence of the jury searched him. The court, observing what was going on, asked the officer what he was doing, to which the officer replied that he was searching Davis for a butcher knife. The court rebuked the officer, and ordered him to desist from further search. No search was made of this appellant. Upon returning to the courtroom, counsel for appellant was apprised of what had happened, and moved the court to “discharge the jury and declare a mistrial” on account of the sheriff’s conduct; it being appellant’s contention that it would prejudice the jury against appellant and cause them to believe that both he and Davis were dangerous characters, etc. Nothing is shown in the bill to indicate what information the officer had to induce his action in searching Davis. Circumstances might arise which would justify an officer in such a search, but, from the fact that the court rebuked him for his act in this instance, we must infer that no justifying reasons were known to the court. ¡Even though the sheriff’s search of Davis may have been unauthorized, the bill does not state sufficient facts for us to determine that his conduct towards Davis resulted in injury to this appellant which demanded of the court the action requested.

The judgment is affirmed. 
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