Case ID: ny-st-rep_28/html/0577-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Freedman, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Lena Pappenheim, Resp’t, v. The Metropolitan Elevated R. R. Co. et al., App’lts.
    
      (New York Superior Court, General Term,
    
    
      Filed November 22, 1889.)
    
    Appeal—Inconsistent findings.
    Where there is an unqualified finding of fact inconsistent with the conclusions of law and the judgment, although the same was made by inadvertence, the judgment cannot stand and a new trial must be ordered.
    Appeal from judgment of equity term in favor of plaintiff.
    
      Brainard Tolies, for app’lts; Charles Gibson Bennett, for resp’h
   Freedman, J.

This is an appeal from a judgment rendered at an equity term of this court, after a trial of the issues. The plaintiff sued as the owner of certain easements appurtenant to certain premises situate on Second avenue, in the city of New York, which were alleged to have been taken or at least seriously impaired by reason of the construction, maintenance and operation of the elevated railway of the defendants in front of plaintiff’s premises. The ' judgment awarded damages to the plaintiff for the injuries inflicted in the past, and also gave an injunction to prevent the continued maintenance and operation of the railway, unless a certain compensation was made. The whole theory of the action is that the construction, maintenance and operation of the elevated railway constitute an excessive and inconsistent street use, and that by reason of such construction, maintenance and operation Second avenue had not been kept open in like manner as the other public streets and avenues in the city of New York are, and of right ought to be. But the learned trial judge, after finding that Second avenue, past and in front of the plaintiff’s premises, had been laid out and opened as a public avenue under the act of 1813 further found as matter of fact that the said avenue from’ thenceforth, viz., its opening, continuously has been and now is appropriated and kept open for a public avenue highway, and thoroughfare in the city of New York, in like manner as the other public streets and avenues in the said city are, and of right ought to be. This finding is in irreconcilable conflict with the conclusions of law of the learned trial judge, and with the judgment herein. From the fact that there are other findings which fully sustain the conclusions of law and the judgment, the fair inference is that the finding referred to was made by inadvertence. It was made on the application of the plaintiff, and probably was not intended to be an unqualified finding. But in form it is unqualified, and it was made as a separate and distinct finding. This being so, and the court of appeals having repeatedly held that whenever two findings of fact are inconsistent the appellant is entitled, in support of his exceptions to the conclusions of law, to have that taken as true which is the more favorable to himself, Bonnell v. Griswold, 89 N. Y., 122; Schwinger v. Raymond, 83 id., 192; Conselyea v. Blanchard, 103 id., 231; 2 N. Y. State Rep., 738; Redfield v. Redfield, 110 N. Y., 671; 18 N. Y. State Rep., 560; Green v. Roworth, 113 N. Y., 462 ; 23 N. Y. State Rep., 149, a new trial must be ordered.

Another serious question is presented by the fact that the plaintiff acquired title to the premises to which the easements are claimed to be appurtenant three or four years after the construction and the commencement of the operation of the elevated railway, and that she failed to connect herself with the street-opening proceeding in which the easements originated, or with the title of some one who, as owner of the premises, had a right to the easements prior to the construction of the elevated railway. The defect, if it be any, may be obviated on a new trial, which, as already shown, must be had, and consequently it is not deemed necessary to decide the question now, nor to express any opinion on the remaining questions which have been argued.

Judgment reversed, and new trial ordered, with costs to appellants, to abide the event.

Truax and Ingraham, JJ., concur.