Case ID: sw_262/html/0078-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "LATTIMORE, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

JACKSON v. STATE.
    (No. 8155.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    May 21, 1924.)
    1. Intoxicating liquors <§=3223(6) — Evidence iieid not to show variance as to purchaser.
    In a prosecution for selling whisky, evidence held not to show a sale to one other than person alleged in indictment.
    2. Witnesses <§=>277(2) — Cross-examination of defendant as to number of times his residence had been raided held inadmissible.
    State’s testimony being confined to witness who purchased the whisky, corroborated by a bottle containing whisky, cross-examination of defendant as to number of times his residence had been raided by officers was inadmissible to show bad reputation, in absence of other evidence of such reputation, or application for suspended sentence.
    Appeal from District Court, Harrison County; P. O. Beard, Judge.
    Artie Jackson, Sr., was convicted of selling intoxicating liquor, and he appeals.
    Reversed.
    John E. Taylor, of Marshall, for appellant. Tom Garrard, State’s Atty., and Grover C. Morris, Asst. State’s Atty., both of Austin, for the State.
   LATTIMORE, J.

Appellant was convicted in the district court of Harrison county of selling intoxicating liquor, and his punishment fixed at one year in the penitentiary.

Appellant seems to have resided a few hundred yards -from the Texas & Pacific shops in Marshall, Tex. On the date mentioned in the indictment appellant was charged with selling intoxicating liquor to one Frank Mc-Cullom, an employee of the Texas & Pacific shops. It is insisted that the conviction cannot stand, because of a variance between the allegation and proof. This is based on the proposition that the sale, if any, was not made to McCullom, but to one Bacchus. Mc-Cullom swore that he and Bacchus worked at the shops, and on the date mentioned he went with Bacchus to appellant’s house. He had never been there before and had never met appellant till then. Before leaving the shops witness gave to Bacchus $4. When they got to appellant’s house Bacchus handed appellant this money and told him that he had brought witness over to let appellant know who witness was, so he would know him when he came back, and told appellant to let witness have a quart, to which the latter said, “All right,” and he then poured out and handed witness a quart of whisky.

This manifests no variance between the proof and allegation. In our opinion, under these facts, Bacchus and appellant acted together in the sale of the liquor. There is no suggestion that Bacchus was an agent of the’ purchaser. All the facts point the other-way. True, he took the money of the witness and handed it tct appellant; but he also piloted McCullom to appellant’s house, and told the latter to let McCullom have the liquor, and then handed him McCullom’s money. It is also true that he then told appellant-that he brought the witness over, that he-might know him when he came back again. This so clearly points to some character of understanding between Bacchus and appellant, and indicates that the two were acting together, as to entirely relieve the case of the proposition that it was a sale by appellant to Bacchus. We have examined all of' the authorities submitted by appellant in this connection, and do not think any of them support his contention.

Appellant became a witness in his own behalf. On cross-examination, over objection, he was compelled to testify, in answer to questions, as to how many times his place - had been raided by officers within the last year. He stated that he did not remember how many times, but that the sheriff had searched his house three times, the rangers once, and the prohibition enforcement officer once; that there were a lot of “drunks”' driving over the street, and the prohibition, officer came to his house with a search warrant and searched the house; that appellant ran the “drunks” off, and the officer found nothing. In the bill of exceptions complaining of this action of the trial court appears, the statement that there was no evidence introduced upon the trial that anything was-found in any of these raids, or that any arrest or indictment resulted therefrom. The state seems to have put reliance upon the admissibility of the testimony as affecting the-reputation of appellant, asserting, as the bill reflects, that he had put his reputation in issue. We find nothing in the record supporting this contention. There was no application for suspended sentence, and no witness-seems to have testified relative to appellant’s reputation. We cannot but regard the evidence as very harmful, and capable of much injury to appellant’s case. The state relied upon one witness corroborated, as far as it went, by his production of the bottle of whisky which he claimed to have gotten from appellant. The defense introduced appellant and Bacchus, both of whom denied the transaction testified to by the state witness. In this condition of the record the state was allowed to get before the jury by the testi-, mony complained of the ex parte opinions of the various officers who on numerous occasions raided and searched appellant’s house for intoxicating liquor, and that a lot .of “drunks” were, in some manner found active in his neighborhood, etc. This must have led the jury to believe that- the officers continually were informed or suspected and believed that appellant’s place was one where liquor was being kept or dispensed.

This was manifestly improper, and constitutes such error as requires us to reverse the case; and it is so ordered. 
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