Case ID: sw_268/html/0754-02.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "HAWKINS, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

AVILA v. STATE.
    (No. 8652.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 4, 1925.)
    1. Larceny <&wkey;27 — One not present when theft committed and doing nothing in furtherance thereof not a principal.
    In view of Pen. Code 1911, arts. 74-76, and 79, one inducing an employee to steal clothes from his employer, and purchasing such stolen clothes, but not present when theft was committed, nor doing anything in furtherance of its commission, is not a principal in theft.
    2. Larceny <&wkey;>27 — Receiving stolen goods &wkey;>l —One advising theft, and receiving property, knowing it was stolen, guilty as receiver of stolen property; one encouraging and directing theft, but not present when committed, an accomplice.
    One inducing an employee to steal clothes from his employer, and receiving such property knowing it was stolen, would be guilty as receiver of stolen property, or, if he advised or directed theft, not being present when committed nor doing anything in furtherance of it, he would be guilty as an accomplice.
    Appeal from District Court, Galveston County; Robt. G. Street, Judge.
    Guadalupa Avila was convicted of theft, and he appeals;
    Reversed and remanded.
    Elmo Johnson, of Galveston, for appellant.
    Tom Garrard, State’s Atty., and Grover O. Morris, Asst. State’s Atty., both of Austin, for the State.
   HAWKINS, J.

Conviction is for the theft of property over the value of $50; punishment being assessed at confinement in the penitentiary for two years.

The indictment contained two counts; one charged appellant as a principal in the theft of property from L. H. Schronstein, the second count charged him with fraudulently receiving and concealing the property from one V. Carlin knowing it to have been theretofore stolen. The first count only was submitted to the jury. 'Schronstein was a merchant in the city of Galveston. Two suits of clothing were stolen from his store aggregating more than $50 in value. One suit was found in appellant’s possession; another in the possession of one Joe Villa, who had purchased it from appellant. The state used as a witness Vidal Carlin, a youth 14 or 15 years of age. He was working in the store for Schronstein at the time of the theft, and testified that appellant told him if he did not get him a pair of pants from the store he (appellant) “would get” witness; that some two or three weeks later appellant told witness to get him some suits of clothing from the store; that he did take the two suits in question on Saturday, taking one out of the store about 3 o’clock and hiding it back of the store in a box, and about half an hour later took the other suit and hid it in the box; that after he quit work at 6 o’clock he met appellant and took him to the back of the store and turned the clothing over to him. This witness also testified that he had taken some thirteen pairs of pants and some five or six shirts from the store, taking them one at a time and hiding them, and later turning them over to' appellant; that sometimes appellant would give him money for taking the clothes and sometimes he did not; that for the two suits of clothes appellant gave $11 to witness.

'[1] The point is made that the undisputed evidence does not make appellant guilty as a principal in the theft of the property, but only as an accomplice to the theft or as a receiver of stolen property, and that for such reason the conviction cannot stand. The state’s attorney agrees with this view of the matter.

Appellant was not present when the theft was committed. He was doing nothing in furtherance of its commission. Vidal had no interest in the proceeds of the stolen property when disposed of by appellant. He understood that appellant would take the stolen property and perhaps give him some amount for it although this did not appear to be always the case. We think these facts exclude the idea that appellant was a principal in the theft. See articles 74, 75, 76, and 79 of our Penal Code. Middleton v. State, 86 Tex. Cr. R. 307, 217 S. W. 1046; Burow v. State, 85 Tex. Cr. R. 133, 210 S. W. 805; Kaufman v. State, 70 Tex. Cr. R. 438, 159 S. W. 58; Kolb v. State, 88 Tex. Cr. R. 593, 228 S. W. 210; Truitt v. State, 8 Tex. App. 148; Sessions v. State, 37 Tex. Cr. R. 58, 38 S. W. 605; Dawson v. State, 38 Tex. Cr. R. 50, 41 S. W. 599; Bell v. State, 39 Tex. Cr. R. 677, 47 S. W. 1010; Mitchell v. State, 44 Tex. Cr. R. 228, 70 S. W. 208; O’Quinn v. State, 55 Tex. Cr. R. 18, 115 S. W. 39.

If, after' advising Vidal to commit the theft, appellant received the property knowing it to have been so acquired, he would be guilty as a receiver of stolen property, or, if he encouraged or advised or directed the theft, not being present when it was committed, nor doing anything in furtherance of it, he would be guilty as an accomplice, hut cannot be convicted of theft as a principal in either event. Bean v. State, 17 Tex. App. 60; Golden v. State, 18 Tex. App. 637; Criner v. State, 41 Tex. Cr. R. 290, 53 S. W. 873; McAlister v. State, 45 Tex. Cr. R. 258, 76 S. W. 760, 108 Am. St. Rep. 958; Jones v. State, 57 Tex. Cr. R. 144, 122 S. W. 31; Pendley v. State, 71 Tex. Cr. R. 281, 158 S. W. 811; Silvas v. State, 71 Tex. Cr. R. 213, 159 S. W. 223.

The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded. 
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