Case ID: nys_21/html/0398-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "O’BRIEN, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

MIDDLEBROOK v. TRAVIS et al.
    (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department.
    December 16, 1892.)
    1. Pleading—Demurrer—Misjoinder of Defendants. The demurrer of , a codefendant, on the ground that¡ as to him, the complaint does not state a cause of action, should be overruled as frivolous. Barnes v. Blake, 13 N. V. Supp. 77, 59 Hun, 371.
    
      i. Same—Insufficient Answer—Motion to Strike out. In an action for the partition of land, where husbands of certain tenants in common are made defendants, their answers setting up a misjoinder of parties as tv them, and the pendency of a prior action for partition including the same parties with the exception of themselves, cannot be stricken.out as frivolous.
    Appeal from special term, New. York county.
    Action by Caroline A. Middlebrook against Mary E. Travis and others. From an order of reference on title, and overruling the demurrer of one defendant and the answers of other defendants, they appeal. Reversed.
    Argued before VAN BRUNT, P. J., and O’BRIEN and BARRETT, JJ.
    Edward Wells, Jr., for appellants Mills.
    Michael H. Cardozo, for appellants Shearman and Bowne.
    John M. Rider, (Wilson M. Powell, of counsel,) for respondent.
   O’BRIEN, J.

This is an action for partition. It comes to the general term upon an appeal by the defendants, Virginia H. and James C. Mills, Mary E. and M. V. B. Travis, Mary A. and George Shearman, and Caroline C. and Addison Bowne, from an order of the special term, . overruling the demurrer of the defendant M. V. B. Travis as frivolous, and ordering judgment upon the answers of other, said defendants as frivolous, and ordering the usual reference on title. Under the will of Stephen Allen, who died in 1852, the title was tied up by a trust for the life of his daughter Mary Ann Hart, upon whose death, on July 21, 1892, the title passed in fee to his children and grandchildren, who, with their husbands, were made parties to this action. The complaint, after setting forth the interests of the various parties, alleged, with respect to certain of the appealing defendants, that they had a tenancy by the curtesy initiate in the share of said premises of which the wife is seised. To this complaint the defendant Martin Van Burén Travis demurred, upon the ground that as to him it did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. Upon the authority of Barnes v. Blake, 59 Hun, 371, 13 N. Y. Supp. 77, and Townsend v. Bogert, 126 N. Y. 370, 27 N. E. Rep. 555, this demurrer was prqperly overruled as frivolous. Other defendants who, as above, were stated to be tenants by the curtesy initiate, answered and set up either or both of two separate defenses: '(1) A misjoinder of parties; (2) the pendency of a prior action for the partition of the same premises sought to be partitioned herein, and including the same parties, except the husbands of the tenants in common. To the answers thus interposed a motion was made for judgment upon the same as frivolous, which was granted, and from the order directing judgment on their answers as frivolous these defendants appeal.

We might well dispose of this case by what was said in a per curiam opinion delivered by this court in the case of Bank v. Swift, (Sup.) 13 N. Y. Supp. 527:

“The order appealed from has been argued * * * precisely the same as though it came before this court upon a demurrer, and the question involved is certainly not as clearly in favor of the respondent as to justify the court in striking out the answer as frivolous. ”

In other words, we have frequently called attention to the fact that a motion to strike out a pleading as frivolous is not a substitute for the practice which requires a demurrer to be interposed to a pleading which, upon its face and upon inspection, is not frivolous. Here the questions which, upon a motion to strike out a pleading as frivolous, were disposed of by a learned opinion at chambers, are supplemented upon this appeal by a voluminous brief of the respondent, and are presented as though they were raised and disposed of by demurrer. That a demurrer, and not a motion, was the proper practice, is evident when we come to consider the questions involved. The first to which attention has been called is, whether or not a husband is a proper party defendant in an action involving the partition of property in which his wife is seised of an interest. Reference to the opinion in the case of Barnes v. Blake, supra, will show that this question is by no means settled. And the other case, of Townsend v. Bogert, supra, is authority for the practice that, while a demurrer would not lie to the complaint in a partition suit making a husband a party, the question could be raised by answer. In the opinion written in this very case the learned judge at special term places great stress upon the fact that here the husbands might have an interest in the property of their wives, for the reason that, as “the remainder in the property vested in the parties in the year 1852, * * * It might be doubted whether the subsequent statutes affecting the rights of married women would affect the tenancy by the curtesy initiate that had vested prior to the passage of the act;” and we do not say but correctly that “the husbands of the owners of the fee were clearly improper parties.”

With respect to the second defense, he in effect held that the pleading was not sufficiently definite to set forth the defense of a prior action pending; his criticism of the form of the plea being that—

“None of these answers allege that the prior actions were between the same parties to this action. All that they allege is that some of the parties to this action were parties to the prior action, and the parties to this action who were not parties to the prior action being proper parties to the action for partition, the pendency of the prior action is not a defense in this action. ”

It will thus be seen that stress was again placed upon the point that the husbands were proper parties, and that the form of the plea of a prior action pending was thus defective. The answers of the different defendants, though dissimilar in phraseology, are substantially the same, and for the purpose of disposing of this question we can refer to this defense of a prior action as pleaded, for illustration, by Shearman and Bowne, which is as follows:

“The said defendants allege that at the time of the commencement of this action there was pending in the supreme court in and for the city and county of New York, another action for the partition or division and sale of the lands and premises described in the complaint in this action, wherein the defendant Mary E. Travis is plaintiff, and the plaintiff herein, Caroline A. Middlebrook, was a defendant, and that the other parties named as defendants therein are the defendants in this action; and that, as said defendants are informed and believe, said action, brought by said Mary E. Travis against said Caroline A. Middlebrook and others, was commenced prior to the commencement of this action. ”

With respect to this answer, assuming the correctness of the criticism passed upon it by the learned trial judge, viz., that it is defective in not showing that the defendants in this action are named as defendants in the other,—which might go to the extent of showing that there was a defect of parties,—the fact that there was such defect of parties in the prior action would present a serious question whether this rendered the plea bad. We do not, however, think it is necessary to resolve these questions, but have pointed out the character of the questions presented by the answers of those defendants which were stricken out upon a motion as frivolous, for the purpose of showing that, instead of having those answers stricken out as frivolous, the proper manner of raising the questions would have been.upon a demurrer. For this reason we think that, while the order appealed from, so far as it overrules the demurrer interposed, should be sustained, the rest of the order appealed from should be reversed, and the motion to strike out the answers as frivolous denied, with costs of motion and of this appeal to the defendants, whose answers were thus stricken out, and who appealed from the order. All concur.