Case ID: ad_91/html/0165-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Laughlin, J. :", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Frances S. Janeway, Respondent, v. Henry Burn and Others, as Trustees Acting under the Provisions of the Agreement for the Dissolution of the National Wall Paper Company, Appellants.
    
      Trustees acting in the dissolution of a corporation — they may be sued for a dividend declared and deposited with a trust company — evidence as to the trustees’ control of the deposit — counterclaim of the amount paid for taxes by the trustees on real property of the corporation purchased by certain of the stockholders.
    
    Where trustees acting under an agreement for the voluntary dissolution of a corporation taken pursuant to section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law, or at least taken along lines quite similar to those prescribed by such seption, declare a dividend upon the stock of the corporation, deposit the funds applicable to the payment of the dividend with a trust company-, acting as their agent in the matter, and notify the stockholders that the dividend will he paid by the trust company on demand, the stockholders may, in the event of the refusal of the trust company to pay the dividends on demand, maintain an action against the trustees to recover the amount of the dividend as for money had and received, although such money is still in the hands of the trust company.
    The action not being brought to recover the specific amount of money appropriated for dividends, hut rather on the theory that the trustees have had and received for the use and benefit of the stockholders the amount of the dividends to which they, the latter, were entitled, it is no defense to the trustees that after having received the moneys they wrongfully parted with the possession thereof.
    
      Where, in such an action, the trustees interposed a counterclaim' alleging that they appropriated the money delivered to. the trust company for the payment of the dividends to the satisfaction of an alleged indebtedness of the plaintifl’s assignors to the corporation, the interposition of such counterclaim is evidence that the trustees controlled the action of the trust company.
    It appeared that certain of the stockholders claiming the dividend had contracted with the trustees for the purchase of certain real and personal property owned by the corporation. Possession thereof was to be given to the purchasers on or before August 31,1900. The contract provided that “the company and trustees shall, whenever thereunto advised by their counsel, execute and deliver to the purchaser ” a deed of the premises containing covenants against the grantors’ acts and execute and deliver a bill of sale of the personal property. The bill of sale was executed March 15,1901, and the deed on April 4,1901. Prior to the delivery of possession or of the hill of sale of the personal property to the purchasers, the trustees paid taxes which were assessed against the personal property April 15, 1900. After the delivery of possession of the realty to the purchasers and prior to the execution and delivery of the deed, taxes which had become a lien on the realty September 1, 1900, were "paid by the trustees. . It ' was not pretended that the taxes were [paid at the request or by the direction of the purchasers, nor did it appear that the corporation was personally liable for such taxes.
    
      Held, that the trustees could not counterclaim against the dividend the amounts paid for taxes on the real or personal property;
    That the payments made for taxes were mere voluntary payments imposing no liability on the purchasers as for money had and received.
    Appeal by the defendants, Henry Burn and others, as trustees acting under the provisions of the agreement for the dissolution of the National Wall Paper Company, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 6th day of July, 1903, as modified' by an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 6th day of July, 1903, upon the decision of the court, rendered after a trial at' the New York Trial Term, a jury having been waived.
    
      Louis Marshall, for the appellants.
    
      L. Laflin Kellogg, for the respondent.
   Laughlin, J. :

The action is brought on an assigned claim of stockholders of the National Wall Paper Company against the defendants as trustees, acting under an agreement for the dissolution of said company, for moneys had and received. It is alleged in the complaint and admitted by the answer that in the month of June, 1900, defendants were duly appointed, by an agreement of dissolution entered into between the stockholders, trustees for the dissolution of the company, which was a domestic corporation, and entered upon the performance of their duties as such. The plaintiff alleged and proved that her assignors were the owners of debenture stock standing in their respective names upon the books of the company ; that the defendants, as such trustees, declared a dividend of one-half of one per cent upon the face value of the debenture stock then outstanding upon the books of the company payable upon the 22d day of December, 1902, and that at that time had collected sufficient assets to pay such dividend after retaining sufficient to pay all existing indebtedness; that the holders-of debenture stock had, pursuant to an arrangement with the trustees, deposited their certificates of stock with the Trust Company of America and obtained- trust receipts therefor; that the trustees, after declaring such dividends, notified the holders of said trust receipts that they had deposited with the trust company a sum sufficient to pay the-dividend, and that upon the presentation of the receipts in order that the payment of dividends might be stamped thereon and upon the delivery of receipts therefor the dividends would be paid; • that the trust receipts held by the plaintiff’s assignors were thereafter presented to the trust company and a. demand made in their behalf for the payment of said dividend, but the payment thereof was refused; that the amount of dividends to which the plaintiff’s assignors were entitled aggregated the sum of $2,400.50, and that their claim therefor was duly assigned to the plaintiff prior to the commencement of the action.

■ The appellants contend that the action cannot be maintained against them for two reasons: (1) That the money is not in their possession, but in the hands of the trust company, and (2) that the moneys belong to the corporation and it cannot be taken from the defendants by an action against them -as trustees even if in their possession or under their control.

There is no force in the contention that, even if- the defendants would otherwise be liable, their liability terminated upon delivery of the funds to the trust company. It is manifest that the trust company was acting as their agent and had no personal interest.in the matter. If it needed evidence to show that they controlled the action of the trust company it is found in their counterclaim which alleges that they have appropriated the money which was delivered to the trust company for the payment of these dividends upon an alleged indebtedness of the plaintiff to the corporation for moneys had and received. We may, therefore, proceed on the assumption that the moneys are in the possession or under the control of the defendants. Moreover, the action is not brought to recover the specific moneys thus appropriated for the payment of dividends, but rather on, the theory that the defendants had and received for the use and benefit of the plaintiff the amount of dividends to which she is entitled and it would be no defense that after having thus received them they had wrongfully parted with possession.

The fair inference from the allegations of the complaint which are admitted is, I think, that proceedings for the voluntary dissolution of this corporation were, taken pursuant to the provisions of section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law (Laws of 1892, chap. 688, added by Laws of 1896, chap. 932, and amd. by Laws of 1900, chap. 760),. which provides in substance that the holders of two-thirds in amount of the stock of a stock corporation, other than a moneyed or railroad corporation,, at a meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose by the board of directors as therein provided, may consent in writing to the dissolution of the corporation forthwith, in which event, upon 'filing such consent, with a- statement of the names and residences of the directors and the names and residences of the officers in the office of the Secretary of State as therein provided, and upon obtaining from the Secretary of State a certificate in duplicate of such filing and that it appears that the corporation has complied with said section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law, and upon filing one of the duplicate certificates with the county clerk as therein provided, “ thereupon such corporation shall be dissolved and shall cease to carry on business, except for the purpose of adjusting- and winding up its business.” That section further provides that the corporation “ shall nevertheless continue in existence for the purpose of paying, satisfying and discharging any existing debts or obligations, collecting and distributing its assets and doing all other acts required in order to adjust and wind up its business and affairs, and may sue and be sued for the.purpose-of enforcing such debts or obligations, until its business and affairs are fully adjusted and wound up.” The section further provides that after the publication of a copy of one of the duplicate certificates of the Secretary of State “ the said corporation by its board of directors shall proceed to adjust and wind up its business and affairs with power to carry out its contracts and to sell its assets at public or private sale, and to apply the same in discharge of debts and obligations of such corporation, and, after paying and adequately providing for the payment of such debts and obligations, to distribute the balance of assets among the stockholders of said corporation, according to their respective rights and interest.” It will be observed that these.are proceedings, •for the voluntary dissolution of a corporation without application to the court. Section 30 of the General Corporation Law (Laws of 1892, chap. 687), which appears tobe applicable to proceedings for the voluntary dissolution of a corporation under section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law, provides that!i Upon the dissolution of any corporation, its directors, unless other persons shall be appointed by the Legislature, or by some court of competent jurisdiction, shall be the trustees of its creditors, stockholders or members, and shall have full power to settle its affairs, collect and pay outstanding debts, and divide among the persons entitled thereto the money and other property remaining after payment of debts and necessary expenses.

Such trustees shall have authority to sue for and recover the debts and property of the corporation, by their name as such trustees, and shall jointly and severally be personally liable to its creditors, stockholders or members, to the extent of its property and effects that shall come into their hands.”

The 7th paragraph of the dissolution agreement provides that “ notwithstanding the powers hereby delegated to the trustees, the company shall continue in existence with all its rights, powers and franchises during the process of liquidation for the purpose of paying, satisfying and discharging all existing debts and obligations, collecting and distributing its assets and doing all other acts required in order to adjust and wind up its business and affairs.” This part of the agreement is almost a literal quotation from the statute and is merely in recognition of the continued existence of the corporation as provided in section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law. The agreement further provides that all deeds of conveyance and other instruments affecting the business and property necessary to be executed, delivered or accepted on behalf' of the corporation by the trustees shall be made, executed and delivered in the name of the corporation. We find nothing in intention. to dissove these statutes are this inconsistent with these statutes or with an the corporation in accordance therewith. . If pplicable, then, by virtue of the provisions of section 30 of the General Corporation Law herein quoted, a stockholder may maintain an action against the trustees for a dividend which has been legally declared and set apart for his benefit. However, the dissolution agreement does not show that the provisions of section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law have been complied with, and the appellant contends that the defendants cannot be considered trustees Under section 30 of the General Corporation Law, but only by virtue of the agreement. It is evident, at least, that this dissolution was proceeding along lines quite similar to those prescribed by section 57 of the Stock Corporation Law, and even if the defendants are not statutory trustees they are nevertheless liable. They assumed the trust and represented to the plaintiff’s assignors that the'conditions upon which the dividends had become payable existed and that the money had been duly appropriated and set apart for that- purpose. If the creditors have not been paid as they represented, or if for any other reason they may not be protected in making this payment, it was incumbent on them to show the facts as a defense. As against them the plaintiff may proceed on the facts as represented by them. It follows, therefore, that the action was properly brought.

The counterclaim has been disallowed. It appears that the plaintiff’s assignors on the 17th day of August, 1900, and prior to assigning their claims to the plaintiff, contracted with the trustees for the purchase of certain real and personal property owned by the corporation but situate in the State of New Jersey. Possession thereof was given to the purchasers on or before the 31st day of August, 1900. With reference to the execution of a bill of sale and conveyance the contract provided that “the company and the-trustees shall, whenever thereunto advised by their counsel, execute and deliver to the purchaser ” a deed of the premises containing covenants against the grantor’s acts and execute and deliver a-bill of sale of the personal property. The deed was not executed and delivered until the 4th day of April, 1901, nor was the bill of sale given until the 15th day of March, 1901. Prior to the delivery of possession or the bill of sale -of the personal property to' plaintiff’s assignors, the defendants paid taxes which were assessed against the personal property on the. 15th day of April, 1900. These were embraced in the counterclaim, but it is manifest that the purchasers were not liable therefor either in law or equity and that point is not urged upon the appeal. After the delivery of possession of the realty to plaintiff’s assignors taxes became a lien thereon on the 1st day of September, 1900, and these.were thereafter paid by the defendants prior to the execution and delivery of the deed. The amount of these taxes is also,embraced in the counterclaim and the defendants seek to offset the same against the plaintiff’s claim upon the ground that the plaintiff1’s assignors at the time of assigning their claims were indebted to the defendants for this amount for moneys had and received by them to the use of the corporation, and the defendants, in behalf of the corporation, claimed a lien therefor upon the debenture stock deposited with the trust company and upon the dividends declared in behalf of the plaintiff’s assignors thereon and alleged that the dividends were appropriated in payment of this claim for taxes. We are of opinion that the counterclaim was properly dismissed. Aside from the question as to whether the plaintiff’s assignors Were or were not liable for these taxes as between them and the corporation, the counterclaim was insufficient. It is not pretended that the taxes were, paid at the request or by the direction of the plaintiff’s assignors. One person cannot voluntarily pay another’s taxes and then recover the amount from him as for money had and received. The owner of land, as between himself and third persons, is under no obligation to pay his taxes at any particular time, and the enforcement of the payment of taxes must be left to the proper public officials. If it be claimed that in addition to the taxes becoming a lien upon the land, the corporation was personally liable therefor — which would appear from a statute of New Jersey to which our attention is drawn in the points, but which was not introduced in evidence and of which we cannot take judicial notice — then the defendants should have alleged that fact ■ as a justification for what would otherwise appear to be a voluntary payment of the taxés. The. question might then have arisen, whether as between the corporation and the purchasers the latter, on account of having the benefit of the use and occupation, were not liable for the taxes upon the theory that if the defendants had not paid the taxes the plaintiff’s assignors would have been obliged to accept a conveyance subject thereto, since the corporation only agreed to covenant against its own acts. But that question is not properly presented by the counterclaim and need not be decided.

It follows, therefore, that the judgment should be affirmed, with costs.

Van Brunt, P. J., Ingraham, McLaughlin and Hatch, JJ., concurred.

Judgment affirmed, with costs.