Case ID: misc_68/html/0524-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Giegerich, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Joseph D. Gallagher and Harry E. Richards, Plaintiffs, v. Charles H. Appley et al., Defendants.
    (Supreme Court, New York Special Term,
    August, 1910.)
    Attachment — When attachment authorized — When action deemed commenced or pending so as to authorize or sustain attachment — Necessity and sufficiency of service of summons before statutory; period; Second application after vacation of former writ.
    Jurisdiction — -Domicile of party or location of subject-matter as affecting jurisdiction — Nonresidents — Effect of attachment.
    Where, in an action in the Supreme Court against nonresident' defendants, a warrant of attachment is granted and an order is made for the publication of the summons, the jurisdiction acquired 
      by the publication of the summons in pursuance of the order is not lost by the failure to serve the summons within thirty days after the granting of the warrant of attachment' or to commence service by publication within that period; and, although the attachment became invalid by reason of such failure and the plaintiffs themselves procured an order vacating the same, a second attachment, granted after service of the summons was complete, is not invalidated thereby.
    Motion by the defendants Charles H. Appley, Frederick E. Appley, Lillian May Appley Oliver, Herbert L. Appley and Elva E. Appley Heckler, appearing specially, to vacate a warrant of attachment.
    Percy Jackson, for defendants Charles H. Appley and others, appearing specially, for motion.
    Brownell & Patterson (S. B. Brownell, of counsel), for plaintiffs.
    Henry Meyer, for defendant Walter Appley, in support of motion.
    Elliot T. Smith, for guardian ad litem for infant defendants, in support of motion.
    Treadwell Cleveland, for plaintiffs, opposed.
   Giegerich, J.

Certain ones of the defendants, appearing specially for the purpose, have moved to vacate the warrant of attachment granted herein on March 28, 1910, and the levies made or attempted thereunder, such motion being based upon the ground that the order for the service of the summons by publication was made without jurisdiction.

The motion is based chiefly upon the proposition that the court has no jurisdiction whatever of the action, because there was no service of the summons upon any of the defendants, nor was service thereof by publication commenced within thirty days after the granting and issuing of the attachment. Service by publication had not only been commenced but it had been completed before the attachment now under consideration was obtained, but this fact the defendants maintain is ineffective. A previous attachment in the same action was obtained several months ago, but- no service of the summons was made, within thirty days thereafter, nor was publication thereof commenced within thirty days; and the plaintiffs themselves procured an order vacating such former attachment. The theory of the defendants seems to he that an order of publication requires the existence of a warrant of attachment to support it, and that it is not permitted to first procure an order of publication and begin or complete the publication thereof and later procure the attachment. This theory is in conflict with the authorities. In Sabin v. Kendrick, 2 App. Div. 96, the court said: The service of the summons- without the State would have been perfectly good although there had been no attachment whatever. The Code, in the provisions relating to attachment, nowhere declares that the action shall abate or the court he ousted of jurisdiction by reason of a delay of more than thirty days in the personal service of the summons or the beginning of the publication thereof; and in the absence of such a provision in express terms we can perceive no good reason for extending the effect of the omission beyond the avoidance of the attachment.”

So, in Clarke v. Boreel, 21 Hun, 594, the court said: ic The motion is based -upon the idea that because no attachment had been or could be issued against defendant’s property, and no judgment could he entered against her by default without proof of such attachment as required by section 635 of the Code, therefore the court has no jurisdiction to make the order of publication. The idea is a mistaken one.”

An observation made by the court in McCarthy v. McCarthy, 13 Hun, 579, throws light on the point under discussion, where it is said: “ Three modes of serving a summons are provided by the Code: Personal, substituted and by publication. Regular service in either mode gives the court complete and absolute jurisdiction. If service he made in either of the two latter modes, the defendant may he let in to defend in certain circumstances which would debar him if the service were personal (section 445) ; but the jurisdiction acquired is not conditional merely and liable to be divested, as in the case where it is acquired by the granting of a provisional remedy.”

So, in this case, the jurisdiction originally acquired by the granting of the first attachment was lost because it was not followed by. publication of the summons commenced within thirty days; but the jurisdiction -acquired by the publication of that summons, when it was finally published, was in no wise conditional and the Code provides that a warrant of attachment may be granted either to accompany the' summons “ or at any time after the commencement of the action and before final judgment -therein.”

Parke v. Gay, 28 Misc. Rep. 329, was a case similar to the present one, in that there the first warrant of attachment had fallen because of failure to personally serve the summons or begin publication thereof within thirty days after the granting of the warrant. While the publication of the summons was in progress, the plaintiff obtained a second warrant of attachment which the defendants, after the expiration of thirty days, moved to vacate, which motion was denied.

On behalf of the defendants reliance is placed on the recent -Special Term decision made in Guffey v. Grand Trunk Ry. Co., 67 Misc. Rep. 553, in which it was held that, where a non-resident defendant has no property within the -State and does not subject himself to its jurisdiction, the power to judicially proceed against him is wholly -absent; and the court accordingly vacated the order directing service of the summons by publication. That case is distinguishable from the present, however, because there the non-resident defendant had no property within the 'State, while here it appears clearly th-at the defendants had such property at the time the order of publication was obtained and still so have.

Another point, not specifically mentioned in the motion to vacate but advanced in the briefs on behalf of -the defendants, is that the court obtained no jurisdiction to grant an order for the service of the summons by publication under section 439 of the Code of Civil Procedure, because the complaint does not state a sufficient cause of action.

I-t is a sufficient answer to this argument to say that, whether or not the complaint states a good cause of action for a complete performance of the contract in question, it undoubtedly states a cause of action for the recovery of some amount because, on the theory most adverse to the plaintiffs, the complaint shows that they were retained and performed substantial services and have never received any compensation.

It might be further observed that no question is raised as to the amount in which the attachment has been obtained.

The motion to vacate is denied, but without costs.

Motion denied, without costs.