Case ID: ny-st-rep_71/html/0124-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Brown, P. J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

John O’Donnell, Resp’t, v. East River Gas Company, App’lt.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, Second Department,
    
    
      Filed December 2, 1895.)
    
    1. Master and servant—Appliances.
    The master is bound to provide the servant with a proper appliance or instrument to perform the work he is directed to do.
    2. Same—Delegation.
    In such case, the master is liable for the result of negligence on the part of any person who undertakes to represent him.
    Appeal from a judgment entered on a verdict in favor of' plaintiff, and from an order denying a motion for a new trial.
    
      William J. Kelly, for app’lt;
    
      H. A. Montfort, for resp’t.
   Brown, P. J.

This action was brought to recover damages for personal injuries sustained from the explosion of a boiler. The plaintiff was employed by the defendant as a day laborer, and upon the day of the accident- was directed by a foreman of the defendant to assist fn cleaning out one of two boilers standing side by side within a few inches of each other. The other boiler, at the time of the accident, was in use, working under a pressure of about fifty pounds of steam. Plaintiff stood upon a platform, about five feet from the ground, holding the nozzle of a hose, from which water was forced into the tubes of the-boiler. Within a few minutes after commencing the .work an explosion occurred, plaintiff was thrown to the floor of the boiler room, and received the injuries complained of. ’A similar explosion had occurred immediately previous, while the engineer was engaged in cleaning the boiler with the same hose, but the plaintiff had no knowledge of that fact at the time he was directed to perform the work. It appeared from the testimony that the hose used was attached to a tire hydrant, which was connected by a pipe with a steam pump. From this pump a four-inch pipe ran to the East river. This pipe and pump were used every two or three weeks to pump naphtha, from which the defendant manufactured gas, from boats on the river to a tank in the defendant’s yard. They were also used to pump water from the river, and it was customary, after pumping naphtha, to wash out the pipe by pumping water through it. As originally laid, the pipe drained to the river, but there was testimony that about half way between the pump and the river it had become sagged so that naphtha could stand in the pipe; and it also appeared that, after pumping, small quantities of naphtha would remain in the pump unless it was washed out. The engineer testified that naphtha had been pumped about a week before the accident, and that he had neglected to wash out the pipe before attempting to clean the boiler. The testimony permitted the conclusion that naphtha which had been permitted to remain in the pipe and pump was carried through the hose into the tubes of the boiler, a<nd, there coming in contact with the heat from the other boiler, caused the explosion. The appellant’s contention is that this was due to the negligence of the engineer, who was a fellow servant of the plaintiff, and therefore the defendant is not liable for the result of the accident. A discussion of decided cases upon this branch of the law is never profitable. There is little room for disagreement as to the general principle of law applicable to the relation of master and servant. The difficulty always arises in their application to the particular case before the court. In our opinion, the evidence presented a case where the employer failed to provide the servant with a proper appliance or instrument to perform the work he was directed to do. The plaintiff was directed to clean the boiler. The pump, suction pipe, and hose were the appliances with which that work was to be done. The defendant’s duty was to see that they were in a reasonably safe condition when they were delivered to the plaintiff. That duty could not be delegated. Whoever undertook it represented the defendant, and if it was negligently performed the defendant was liable for the result of that negligence. The rule applicable to the case is stated clearly in Fuller v. Jewett, 80 N. Y. 46-52, as follows:

“We understand the principle of these cases to be that acts which the master, as such, is bound to perform for the safety and protection of his employes, cannot be delegated so as to exonerate the former from liability to a servant who is injured by the omission to perform the act or duty, or by its negligent performance, whether the nonfeasance or misfeasance is that of a superior officer, agent, or servant of a subordinate or inferior agent or servant to whom the doing of the act or the performance of the duty has been committed. In either case, in respect to such act or duty, the servants who undertakes or omits to perform it is the representative of the master, and not a mere coservant with the one who-sustains the injury. The act or omission is the act or omission of the master, irrespective of the grade of the servant whose negligence caused the injury, or of the fact whether it was or was not practicable for the master to act personally, or whether he did or did not do all that he personally could do by selecting competent servants, or otherwise to secure the safety of his employees. • ' We are of the opinion that the case was in all its aspects one for the jury, and that the damages were not excessive.

The judgment must be affirmed, with costs.

All concur.