Case ID: sw_249/html/0497-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "HAWKINS, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

WIMBERLEY v. STATE.
    (No. 7285.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    March 21, 1923.)
    1. Criminal law &wkey;>l032(6) — Review of conviction for more than one felony uniter same' Indictment.
    Where defendant makes no protest at being convicted for more than one felony under the same indictment, the Court of Criminal Appeals would not feel called upon to raise the question on its own motion, but such procedure is so fundamentally erroneous that it calls for review when raised at almost any time.
    2. Indictment and information <&wkey;l30^Conviction for two offenses held erroneous.
    It was error to convict accused under one indictment of both the manufacture of intoxi-eating liquor and the having in possession of intoxicating liquor for purpose of sale.
    3.Criminal law &wkey;>36l (I) — Evidence explanatory of state’s evidence held erroneously excluded.
    When the state had left the inference with the jury that, when witness threatened to inform the authorities that defendant had been violating the law relative to intoxicating liquor, defendant for that reason assaulted and beat witness, court erred in refusing to permit accused to introduce evidence that the fight in question was caused by defendant accosting witness concerning an assault by witness on his own niece.
    Appeal from District Court, Llano County; J. H. McLean, Judge.
    Willie Wimberley was convicted of manufacturing and having in possession intoxicating liquor, and appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    ■T. H. McGregor and A. L. Love, both of Austin, for appellant.
    R. G. Storey, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
   HAWKINS, J.

The indictment contained two counts; the first charged appellant with the manufacture of intoxicating liquor, and the second charged possession thereof for the purpose of sale. Both counts were submitted to the jury. The verdict specifically finds appellant guilty under both counts, the judgment condemns him guilty of two felonies, to wit, manufacture and possession for sale of intoxicating liquor, and the punishment assessed is two years in the penitentiary.

Where appellant makes no protest at being convicted for more than one felony under the same indictment as in Blackwell v. State, 51 Tex. Cr. R. 24, 100 S. W. 774, this court would not feel called upon to raise the question on its own motion. But such procedure is so fundamentally erroneous that it calls for review when raised at almost any time. After verdict the court’s attention was called to the matter by a motion denominated one in arrest of judgment. It is not necessary to stop to inquire whether the motion was properly named. . It attacks the verdict and judgment from many angles, but all based upon the idea that the state is not entitled to conviction for two separate felonies upon one trial under the same indictment. Upon the motion being overruled, the complaint was again presented in the motion for new trial. That an error has been committed which demands a reversal there can be no doubt. Keeler v. State, 15 Tex. App. 111; Crawford v. State, 31 Tex. Cr. R. 51, 19 S. W. 766; Miller v. State, 16 Tex. App. 417; Carr v. State, 36 Tex. Cr. R. 3, 34 S. W. 949, In the recent case of Banks v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 246 S. W. 377, the foregoing cases are reviewed, and many others cited, and the doctrine announced reaffirmed. To the same effect, also, see the two cases of Knott v. State (Nos. 7220 and 7223) 247 S. W. 520, 522, recently decided.

B. M. Mays was the prosecuting witness. Appellant is his nephew. Witness had been on a visit to his relatives, the Wim-berleys. He reported to the officers about the alleged whisky manufacture, which resulted in not only appellant, but several other of witness’ relatives, being indicted. On direct examination the state proved by the witness that he left the Wimberleys where he had been visiting because of a fight which he, appellant, and John Wimberley had engaged in. Witness asserted the fight was caused by him telling appellant and John Wimberley that he (witness) was going to report them for making whisky. He did make report to the officers over the phone immediately after the fight In-this state of the record appellant admitted that the fight occurred, but offered to testify himself, and to prove by other witnesses, that it had been reported to him and John Wimberley that Mays, the night preceding the 'fight, had committed an assault on Ruby Mays, his own niece, a 14 year old girl; that when appellant and John Wimberley accosted Mays about it, the fight resulted; that this was the cause of the,fight, and not a threat to report them for illegal connection with whis-ky handling. The exclusion of this testimony was error. Appellant could not with justice be compelled to sit silent when the state had left the inference with the jury that, when Mays threatened to inform the authorities that he and his coactor had been violating the law relative to intoxicating liquor, they for that reason assaulted and beat him. He had the right to prove, if he could, by any legitimate evidence at his command, that the reasons assigned by the state’s witness for the fight were false, and to inform the jury what appellant contended was the true reason.

Many other questions are presented in the record which are not likely to arise in the same form upon another trial, and hence are not discussed.

For the errors pointed out, the judgment is reversed, and the cause remanded. 
      <S=For other eases see same topic and KBY-NUMBER in ail Key-Numbered Digests and Indexes