Case ID: ky_140/html/0580-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Judge O’Rear", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Commonwealth v. Smith.
    (Decided November 11, 1910.)
    Appeal- from Rockcastle Circuit Court.
    1. Indictment — Dismissal—Failure to Refer to Grand Jury — Final Order — Reinstatement.—When an indictment is dismissed unless the matter be then referred to the grand jury it is a final order in that case. After the term at which the order is entered the court has not the power to set it aside. Should the court or the prosecution desire to retain control of the case -after the term, it may be done by an order filing it away to be redocketed on motion of tbe commonwealth, but without such reservation an unconditional dismissal is an end of that case. If therefore the commonwealth desires to reinstate the prosecution it may do so by procuring another indictment or by a warrant of arrest sworn out before an examining magistrate.
    2. Same — Subsequent Indictment — Trial Thereunder. — The order dismissing the indictment though a final order does not bar another indictment or prosecution. Indeed until tbe defendant is put in jeopardy under an indictment we know of no practice, that would estop the commonwealth from indicting him and trying him upon a charge of the crime.
    M. L. JARVIS, JAMES BREATHITT, Attorney General, CHAS. H. MORRIS for appellant.
    (No brief for appellee.)
   Opinion of the Court by

Judge O’Rear

Affirming.

Harvey Smith was indicted by the grand jury of Rockcastle county in 1903, charged with murder. Not being in custody a bench warrant was issued for him. The sheriff being nnable to find the defendant endorsed and returned the bench warrant accordingly. The case was therefore continued upon the docket, and an alias bench warrant ordered, with like resnl-t. The cause was again continued, and plnries bench warrant issued, with the same result. The court then entered this order, at the September term, 1903:

“The defendant’s whereabouts being unknown, and .as the prosecution will never be barred by limitation it is ordered by the court that the same be and is hereby dismissed.”

Thus the matter rested until the May term, 1,910, of the court, when the commonwealth’s attorney moved the court to redocket the case. The motion, was overruled on the ground that the circuit court deemed it had no no longer the .power to enter an order in that case. The commonwealth has prosecuted this appeal that the law may be certified.

When an indictment is dismissed, unless the matter be. then referred to the grand jury, it is a final order in that case. After the term at which the order is entefed, the court has not the power to set it aside. Should the court or the' prosecution desire to retain control of the case after the term, it may be done by an order filing the im dictment away, to be redocketed on motion of the commonwealth. (Jones v. Commonwealth, 114 Ky. 599.) But without such reservation, an unconditional dismissal is an end of that case. If therefore, the commonwealth desires to re-instate the prosecution, it may do so by procuring another indictment, or by warrant of arrest sworn out before an examining magistrate, and’then proceed as in other original prosecutions. The order "dismissing the indictment, though a final order, does not bar another indictment or prosecution. The wording of the particular order here being discussed shows that the accused had never been placed in jeopardy under it. It shows on its face that, the court treated it as a dis/inissa] without prejudice to another indictment. Indeed, until the defendant is put in jeopardy under an indictment, we know of no practice that would estop the commonwealth from indicting him and trying him upon a charge of the crime.

Judgment affirmed.