Case ID: sw_168/html/0369-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "SPEER, J. C. M. and W. H.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

TEXAS & P. RY. CO. v. CAUBLE et al.
    (No. 7968.)
    (Court of Civil Appeals of Texas. Ft. Worth.
    May 23, 1914.
    Rehearing Denied July 4, 1914.)
    1. Appeal and Error (§ 770) — Briefs — Failure to File Bbiees.
    Under rule 41 for Courts of Civil Appeals (142 S. W. xiv), providing that whatever of the statements of appellant or plaintiff in error in his brief is not contested will be considered as acquiesced in, where appellees filed no briefs, the statements in appellant’s brief would be regarded as acquiesced in.
    TEd. Note. — For other cases, see Appeal and Error, Cent. Dig. §§ 3104, 3106, 3107; Dec. Dig. § 770.]
    2. Evidence (§ 553) — Examination of Experts — Hypothetical Questions — Assumption op Facts.
    In an action for delay in transportation of a shipment of live stock, evidence as to the effect of a 24-hour delay was improperly admitted, where there was no evidence of such delay, since every hypothetical question to an expert should be based upon a supposed case finding support in the testimony.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Evidence, Cent. Dig. §§ 2369-2374; Dec. Dig. § 553.]
    3. Evidence (§ 309) — Declarations op Agent — Admissibility.
    In an action for delay in transporting a shipment of live stock, evidence that the conductor told the witness that under the rules of the company 800 tons was the minimum for a through freight and 1,200 tons for a Red Ball freight, and that he had over 1,200 tons of Red Ball stuff, was improperly admitted, in the absence of any showing that the conductor had authority to bind the company respecting the matter testified to.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Evidence, Cent. Dig. §' 1162; Dec. Dig. § 309.]
    4. Evidence (§ 317) —Hearsay — Statements by Third Person.
    In an action for delay in transporting a shipment of live stock, evidence that the conductor told the witness that he sent a message to the dispatcher asking permission to make his train a through freight, and that the dispatcher refused such permission, was hearsay, and should have been excluded.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Evidence, Cent. Dig. §§ 1174-1192; Dee. Dig. § 317.]
    5. Carriers (§ 228) — Injuries to Live Stock — Necessity op Showing Similarity op Conditions.
    In an action for delay in transporting a shipment of live stock, evidence that the train containing 16 cars took a siding to wait for a through freight train with only 13 cars, intended to show that the carrier was negligent in not handling plaintiff’s cattle as a through shipment, should not have been admitted in the absence of testimony tending to show similar conditions, especially where there was nothing to indicate that the train of 13 cars was not receiving extraordinary care.
    [Ed. Note. — For other eases, see Carriers, Cent. Dig. §§ 957-960; Dec. Dig. § 228.]
    6. Carriers (§' 228) — Injuries to Live Stock — Necessity op Showing Similarity op Conditions.
    In an action for delay in transporting cattle, evidence as to the time consumed by former shipments made by plaintiff over defendant’s road should not have been admitted, where the conditions were not shown to be the same.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Carriers, Cent. Dig. §§ 957-960; Dec. Dig. § 228.]
    7.Trial (§ 243) — Instructions — Contradictory Instructions.
    In an action against carriers for delay in transporting a shipment of cattle, an instruction that the T. company, the initial carrier, was not responsible for any damage not directly and proximately caused by its negligence, and that the T. & P. company was not responsible for any damage not directly and proximately caused by its negligence, and another instruction that, since the T. company was responsible to plaintiff under its contract of through shipment for delay occurring on any of the connecting carriers if the jury found that the delay occurred on the T. & P., they should find for the T. company, over against the T. & P., such amount as they might find in favor of plaintiff against the T. Company, were contradictory.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Trial, Cent. Dig. §§ 564, 565; Dec. Dig. § 243.]
    Appeal from Shackelford County Court; J. A. King, Judge.
    Action by C. M. Cauble and another against the Texas & Pacific Railway Company and another. From a judgment against it in favor of plaintiffs and the other defendant, the defendant named appeals.
    Reversed and remanded in part.
    The defendant Morris testified that the conductor said he sent a message to the dispatcher, asking permission to make his train a through freight, so that he could reach the morning market with the cattle, and that the .dispatcher replied that he must go ahead and do his work along the route as originally directed.
    Earl Conner, of Eastland, for appellant. Spell & Sanford, of Waco, and Walter L. Morris, of Albany, Tex., for appellees.
    
      
      For other cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key-No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
   SPEER, J. C. M. and W. H.

Cauble instituted this suit in the county court of Shackelford county against the Texas Central Railroad Company and the Texas & Pacific Railway Company to recover damages for the alleged failure on the part of the railway companies to exercise ordinary care in the transportation of 139 head of cattle from Albany to Ft. Worth, resulting in the loss of the morning market of September 26, 1912. The defendants answered, the Texas Central Railroad Company sought judgment over against its codefendant, there was a trial before a jury, resulting in a verdict and judgment for the plaintiffs against both defendants, and over against the Texas & Pacific Railway Company in favor of the Texas Central Railroad Company. The Texas & Pacific Railway Company alone appeals.

No briefs have been filed for appellees, and under rule 41 for the Courts of Civil Appeals (142 S. W. xiv), we are authorized to consider the statements of the appellant in its brief as being acquiesced in, and we have, accordingly, done so.

On the trial the court permitted the witnesses C. M. Cauble and W. H. Cauble to testify as to the effect that a 24:hour delay would have on the cattle shipped from Albany to Et. Worth, over the lines of the defendant companies, and this was objected to on the ground there was no evidence of a 24-hour delay on which to base such hypothetical question. The statement submitted by appellant under the assignment presenting this question shows that no such testimony was before the court, and it was therefore error to permit the witnesses to testify as they did. Every hypothetical question to an expert should, of course, be based upon a supposed case finding support in the testimony. St. L. & S. F. Ry. Co. v. Deane, 152 S. W. 527.

The witness Walter Morris was permitted to testify for the appellees, in which he detailed a conversation with the conductor of the train carrying the cattle in question. He said:

“The conductor told me that the rules of the company were that 800 ton was the minimum for a through freight, and a 1,200 tonnage for a Red Ball freight. The conductor told me that he had over 1,200 tonnage all Red Ball stuff.”

According to the statement submitted by appellant there is nothing in the record to show that the conductor had authority to bind the company with respect to the matter involved in this conversation, and the court, therefore, erred in permitting the testimony. St. L., I. M. & S. Ry. Co. v. Carlisle, 34 Tex. Civ. App. 268, 78 S. W. 553. This same witness, Morris, was permitted to detail another conversation with the conductor concerning the sending and receiving of a message to and from the chief dispatcher of the Texas & Pacific Railway Company, which was pure hearsay, and should on that objection have been excluded.

It was also error to permit the testimony of this same witness, to the effect that:

“When we got to the rock crusher a few miles east of Ranger, we took a siding and waited for a freight' that they said was a through cattle freight from the West. I got out and counted the cars of cattle on the through freight, and it had 13 cars while we had 16.” ’

This clearly was intended to show that the defendants were negligent in not handling appellees’ cattle as a through shipment by showing that a train load having less cars was handled as a through shipment. Comparisons should never be permitted in the absence of testimony tending to show similar conditions (T. & P. Ry. Co. v. Good, 151 S. W. 617), and especially in the present case there was nothing to indicate that á train of 13 cars, being handled as a through train, was not receiving extraordinary care. Upon the same principle, that is, that comparisons are not permissible except when the conditions are shown to be the same, it was error to permit the witness C. M. Cauble to testify as to the time consumed by him in former shipments over appellant’s line of road. We are inclined to think the first and eighth assignments complain of the admission of evidence which would not have been admissible as against this appellant upon a proper objection, or at least if the same had been admissible as against appellee, the Texas Central Railroad Company, appellant, would have been entitled, upon a proper request, to a charge limiting its effect as to it. The admissibility of account sales in evidence has been considered in the cases of I. & G. N. Ry. Co. v. Startz, 97 Tex. 167, 77 S. W. 1, and F. W. & R. G. Ry. Co. v. Cauble, 41 Tex. Civ. App. 348, 91 S. W. 244.

The remaining assignments relate to charges given or refused, and all have been considered and overruled. We take occasion, however, here to say there is a very patent contradiction in the charges submitted by the court on the last trial. In section 4 of the main charge the jury are told:

“You are instructed that the Texas Central is not responsible for any damage, if any, which was not directly and proximately caused by the negligence of the said Texas Central Railroad Company, and the Texas & Pacific Railway Company is not responsible for any damage, if any, which was not directly and proximately caused by the negligence of the said Texas & Pacific Railway Company.”

Special charge No. 5, given at the instance of the Texas Central Railroad Company, is:

“You are instructed that since the Texas Central is responsible to the plaintiff under its contract of through shipment for delay, if any, which may have occurred on any of its connecting carriers, now, if you find that the delay did not occur on the Texas Central, but on the Texas & Pacific, you will find for the Texas Central over against the Texas & Pacific such amount as you may find in favor of plaintiff against the defendant Texas Central.”

The jury did find over against appellant in favor of the Texas Central Railroad Company for the exact amount of appellees’ recovery. No point is made in appellant’s brief as to this confusion of charges, but we advert to the same in view of another trial.

For the errors indicated the judgment in favor of appellees against appellant is reversed, but the judgment in favor of appel-lees C. M. & W. H. Cauble against appellee Texas Central Railroad Company is in no manner disturbed.

Reversed and remanded in part.