Case ID: ark_27/html/0200-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Harrison, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

HEELER AND PETTUS v. GIST.
    Swamp, and Overflowed Lands — Title in fee, in whom vested. — The foe, in swamp and overflowed lands of the State, remains in the State until the execution of a deed by the Governor, when it passes, and the deed is conclusive evidence, in a court of law, of the title of the holder.
    APPEAL FROM SEBASTIAN CIRCUIT COURT. •
    Hon. E. I). Ham, Circuit Judge.
    
    
      Garland & Nash, for Appellants.
    The rule that once obtained requiring a party, having a mere equity in land, to resort to a court of equity to attack a deed or patent, has been changed, and the case can be heard in aTaw court. Trulock vs. Taylor, 26 Ark., 54.
    
      Benjamin T. Du Val, for Appellee.
   Harrison, J.

This ivas an action by Andrew I. F. Gist, against Join) Heeler, to which ~W. ~W. Pettus was, on his application, made a co-defendant, to recover the possession of the east half of the north-east quarter ot section thirty, in township five, range thirty west. The answer of the defendants was a general denial' of the matters alleged in the complaint. The court, sitting as a jury, found: That the defendant «Pettus, on the 81st day'of December, 1857, attempted to enter the tract of land, in controversy, which was a portion of the swamp and overflowed lands of the State, at the State Land Office, at Clarksville, but through mistake, applied for and entered the east half of the south-east quarter of the section, and that he afterwards, on the 1st day of September, 1860, [made application to the Land Agent to change the entry, in accordance with his intention when the entry was made, and the agent made an alteration in his certificate, by erasing the word “south,” and writing, in lieu of. it, the word “north,” so as to describe the land in controversy, and also made the following indorsement upon it:

“Corrected so as to agree with the plats and office records.

L. O. Howell, State Land Agent.

Clarksville District, Sept. 12, 1860.”

The plaintiff, on the 20th day of January, 1868, entered at the same office, the north-east quarter -of the said qu'arter section, the north half of the same tract. And on the 4th day of February, 1869, the south-east quarter of the quarter section, the south half thereof, at the office of the Commissioner of State Lands, and afterwards received, from the Governor, deeds dated respectively, the 4th and the 19th day of February, 1869, for both parcels; and that the defendants, at the commencement of the suit, wore in possession of the land.

- The deeds from the Governor conveyed the fee in the laud, which until then, remained in the State, and are conclusive evidence, in a court of law, of the plaintiff’s title.

If Pettus has an equitable right to the land,- concerning which we express no opinion, a court of equity is the proper and only forum, in which to assert it. Campbell vs. Garven, 5 Ark., 485; Bacon vs. Tate, 22 Ark.; Masters vs. Eastis, 3d Port, 368; Bagnell vs. Broderick, 2 Peters, 436; Patterson vs. Winn, 11 Wheat, 380; Jackson vs. Lawton, 10 John 23.

There is no error, therefore, in the judgment of the court below, and the decree is affirmed.