Case ID: wash_121/html/0130-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Hovey, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

[No. 17208.
    Department Two.
    August 15, 1922.]
    Harry H. James, Respondent, v. Riverside Lumber Company et al., Appellants. 
      
    
    Accob,d and Satisfaction (2, 3)—Form of Agreement—Part Payment. The acceptance and cashing of a check to an architect, reciting that it was “in full of account” (which had been rendered claiming a balance due in a larger sum) operates as an accord and satisfaction of a claim for services, where there was but one contract of employment, and various disputed claims for extras and on the contract were so interwoven as to constitute an unliquidated demand.
    Appeal from a judgment of the superior court for King county, Ralston, J., entered December 14, 1921, upon findings in favor of the plaintiff, in an action on contract, after trial on the merits to the court.
    Reversed.
    
      Kerr, McCord & Ivey, for appellants.
    
      H. E. Foster, for respondent.
    
      
      Reported in 208 Pac. 260.
    
   Hovey, J.

Respondent recovered judgment against appellant corporation upon a balance of account for services rendered as an architect, in the sum of $225. The answer denied the indebtedness and plead affirmatively an accord and satisfaction. Respondent testified to having made a contract with appellant Nettle-' ton on behalf of appellant corporation for the preparation of plans for a power plant building, for which he was to receive four per cent of the cost of construe-' tion, this compensation to include his services as superintendent. The first set of plans contemplated a building to cost nine thousand dollars. Appellant Nettleton was absent for a time, and the business of appellant corporation was in charge of another individual, who was not satisfied with the first plan and had new plans prepared under which the building was finally constructed at a total cost of about five thousand five hundred dollars so far as completed, there remaining some work to he done which under the evidence would not increase the total cost beyond six thousand dollars. The first set of plans provided for a concrete mat or foundation, two feet thick under the whole building, which actually cost fourteen hundred and fifty dollars, hut the expense of this was in addition to the nine thousand dollar price covered by the first plans. This feature of the plans was exactly the same in the second set of plans, and was the one placed in the building.

On January 4, 1920, respondent mailed to appellants the following státement of áecount:

Plans and specifications, Plan No. 1
Estimated cost, exclusive of mat under boilers.. .$9,000
.02% $225.00
Plans and specifications, Plan No. 2
Contractors- price...............................$8,245
10,000 ft. of lumber required.................... 200
$8,445
.04% 337.80
Concrete mat under boilers, cost complete.........$1,450
.04% 58.00
$620.80
Received on account to date.............................. $150.00
Bab due.................................-............ $470.80

Appellants thereafter mailed to respondent the following letter, and enclosed therewith the check of appellant corporation in the sum of $245.80, with the words “In full of a/c” upon its face.

“Mr. Henry H. James, Seattle, January 10, 1921. 915 American Bank Bldg.,
Seattle.
“Dear Sir: Referring to your statement of January 4th.
“It is our understanding that the duties of an architect include the getting up of plans which are satisfac-' tory to their customer. It is necessary often times to submit several different plans, the one most suitable being carried out, and this being the one upon which any compensation would he based. We are therefore eliminating from your statement the item of $225.00 for plan No. 1, which was never executed.
“We are also advised by our Mr. Ketchum that the amount of supervision which you gave this business was practically nil.
“It is also the writer’s opinion that you put us to very needless and unnecessary expense in the amount of reinforcement which you put into the mat under the boilers. It is obvious that the strength of this mat is far greater than the requirements of the case, and as a consequence we have been put to unnecessary expense. In spite of this fact, we are paying you full fees for the cost of the mat and the amount of the contract in order to get the matter cleared up, hut decline to consider the first item of this charge. Very truly,
“Nettleton Lumber Company,
“WBN/B Nettleton.”

Respondent cashed this check on January 13, and wrote appellants a letter, dated January 15, hut received by them on January 22, in which he states that he has credited the amount of the check upon the account hut still claims the balance due $225.

The question of what is an accord and satisfaction is not always easily answered. In the recent case of LeDoux v. Seattle North Pacific Shipbuilding Co., 114 Wash. 632, 195 Pac. 1006, the general rule is stated to he that,

“Where a debtor sends to his creditor a check for the amount he is willing to pay, and at that time informs the creditor that he intends the check to be considered as full payment, then, by the acceptance and cashing of the check, the creditor agrees to the settlement and cannot thereafter seek additional compensation.”

In the present case, there was but one contract and the only object sought to be obtained was the construction of the building which was in fact built. Wldle respondent may have been entitled to maintain an action upon quantum meruit for extra services rendered, the various claims were so interwoven as to constitute an unliquidated demand and when coupled with the contentions made by appellants, and which they introduced testimony to support, show that none of this claim was in fact liquidated; and when respondent accepted the check with the conditions under which it was tendered, he must be deemed to be bound by those conditions. It is well settled that, where a claim is unliquidated or in dispute, payment and acceptance of a less sum than claimed when tendered in satisfaction operates as an accord and satisfaction. 1 C. J. 551.

In our opinion, the affirmative defense is sustained by the evidence, and the judgment will be reversed with directions to dismiss the action.

Main, Holcomb, and Mackintosh, JJ., concur.