Case ID: ad_115/html/0566-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Woodward, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

John Braun, an Infant, by John V. Braun, His Guardian ad Litem, Appellant, v. Union Railway Company of New York City, Respondent.
    Second Department,
    November 16, 1906.
    Negligence — derailment of surface car—presumption of negligence — when question for jury.
    ■ When a car on a surface railway is derailed, there is a presumption of negligence under the doctrine of resipsa loquitur, if the defendant had full charge of the rails, the cars and their mode of propulsion.
    When a plaintiff, a passenger on such derailed car, has established his prima facie case, and the defendant has offered evidence tending to show that .it had exercised the degree of care required by law, it is for the jury to say whether such évidence overcomes the presumption of negligence, and it is. error to direct a verdict for the defendant.
    Appeal by the plaintiff, John Braun, an infant, by John .Y. Braun, his guardian ad litem, from a judgment of the. Municipal Court of the city of Hew York in favor of the defendant, dismissing thécomplaint. -
    
      Stephen J. Stilwell, for the appellant.
    
      William E. Weaver, for the respondent.
   Woodward, J.:

The facts, as. stated by respondent, aré that the plaintiff, a sevenyéar-óld child, was a passenger, in company with his father, on one of the defendant’s cars, about eight o’clock at night, on' October 11, 1903. The car was derailed — left the track, the front end of the car going into a ditch or excavation along the track—and the infant plaintiff sustained some personal injuries, for which this action sought recovery.

At the close of the evidence, in which the defendant sought to establish certain facts in reference to the condition of the car and of the track, the learned court directed a verdict for the defendant, and appeal comes to this court.

The judgment should be reversed. Notwithstanding the suggestion in Hastings v. Central Crosstown R. R. Co. (7 App. Div. 312), that the docti;ine of res ipsa loquitur did not apply to horse street railways, we are of opinion that where, as distinguished from the plaintiff, the defendant has full charge of the rails, of the cars and of their mode of propulsion, the happening of an accident to the car upon which the plaintiff is a passenger, by reason of which the plaintiff sustains an injury, raises a presumption of negligence upon the part of the defendant; that the rule is one relating to carriers of passengers, and not merely to steam railroads. (Hollahan v. Metropolitan Street R. Co., 73 App. Div. 164; Palmer v. D. & H. C. Co., 120 N. Y. 170, 174, 175; Cosulich v. S. O. Co., 122 id. 118, 127, 128, and authorities there cited.) If we are right in this proposition, and it is conceded that the case was tried upon this theory, the defendant offering evidence intended to show that it had exercised the degree of care which the law demands, it was for the jury to say whether the evidence of the defendant was sufficient to overcome the presumption. It is true that the plaintiff’s evidence was in no wise controverted. The plaintiff made a prima facie case, the defendant undertook to overcome that case by showing facts from which it might be inferred that it had exercised that degree of care which the circumstances required, and it was clearly a question for the jury to say whether it had overcome the presumption of negligence.

The judgment appealed from should be reversed and a new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.

Hirschberg, P. J., Hooker, Rich and Miller, JJ., concurred.

Judgment of the Municipal Court reversed and a new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.