Case ID: ad_154/html/0261-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Woodward, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

The People of the State of New York ex rel. Morris Edelstein, Respondent, v. The Warden of the City Prison, Appellant.
    Second Department,
    December 30, 1912.
    Extradition — application for discharge on habeas corpus — name oi defendant — alibi — habeas corpus not proceeding for determination of guilt or innocence.
    A person held for extradition for a crime committed in another State should not be discharged on habeas corpus merely because the warrant for arrest names him as “Morris Edelson, alias Edelstein,” while the warrant of extradition names him as Morris Edelson, and he claims that liis correct name is Morris Edelstein and that he can prove an alibi.
    Habeas corpus is not a proper proceeding to try the question of the guilt or innocence of one accused of crime. It will not be presumed that the sister State asking extradition will deny justice to the relator.
    It is not necessary that the defendant’s name be correctly spelled if substantially the same sound is preserved.
    Appeal by the defendant, The Warden of the City Prison, from an ex parte order of the Supreme Court, made at the Kings County Special Term, bearing date the 18th day of September, 1912, and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings, as modified by an order dated the 2d day of October, 1912, and entered in said clerk’s office, sustaining a writ of habeas corpus and discharging the relator from custody.
    
      Hersey Egginton, Assistant District Attorney [James C. Cropsey, District Attorney, and Harry G. Anderson, Assistant District Attorney, with him on the brief], for the appellant.
    
      Isidore Cohen [Aaron J. Levy with him on the brief], for the respondent.
   Woodward, J.:

The petition for the writ of habeas corpus is made by the managing clerk of relator’s attorney, and sets forth in substance that Morris Edelstein is illegally detained by the respondent upon the charge' of being a fugitive from the justice of the State of New Jersey, in that he is charged in the city of Paterson, N. J., with, having committed the crime of arson on or about the 18th day of. June, 1912. The petition also alleges on information and belief that Morris Edelstein was never in the city of Paterson, State of New Jersey, at any time, and more particularly on June 18, 1912. The return to the writ sets forth that Morris Edelstein is detained by the respondent under and by virtue of a commitment dated the 18th day of August, 1912, made by Hon. Harry Miller, city magistrate, second division, sitting in the Tenth District Court. The return includes the commitment,, the affidavit on which the warrant was issued, the warrant for the arrest of Morris Edelson, alias Edelstein,” the examination before the city magistrate, the warrant of John Keys, justice of the peace of Paterson, N. J., for .the arrest of one Morris Edelson, bearing date of August 17, 1912, and the exemplified copy of thei complaint óf John Tracey charging Morris Edelson with willfully and maliciously setting fire to and burning a dwelling house. The return likewise includes the warrant of extradition in the usual form, signed by the Governor of this State, and directing the delivery of Morris Edelson to the agent of the State of New Jersey. No traverse to the return was made by the relator, but the court proceeded summarily to take proofs upon the return of the writ. At the close of the testimony the court directed the discharge of the relator from further custody, and the respondent appeals to this court from the orden

No question was raised before the court as to the regularity of any of the steps taken in procuring the warrant for the extradition of Morris Edelson, but the petition before the court alleges that “Morris Edelstein is presently confined in the Raymond street Jail; ” that “your petitioner is informed and verily believes that the said Morris Edelstein was arrested on the 17th day of August, 1912, in the Borough of Brooklyn, City of New York, and charged with the crime of Arson ’ alleged to have been committed in the City of Paterson, State of New Jersey, on or about the 18th day of June, 1912. * * * That your petitioner is informed by said Edelstein and verily believes that the said Morris Edelstein was never in the City of Paterson, State of New'Jersey, at anytime during his life and more particularly on the 18th day of June, 1912.” The petitioner further sets up that on the day of the alleged crime the relator was actually employed in the borough of Manhattan, and while there was no formal traverse of the return, the question which appears to have engaged the attention of the court was the variance between the name of the person charged with crime under the warrant of extradition and that of the relator.

The relator testified on direct examination that he had never been known by the name of Edelson or Edelstone, and on his cross-examination he declared that he had never been in the city of Paterson and knew no one in that city. Subsequently two witnesses, whose credibility is not questioned in the record, identified the relator as the man whom they had encountered in the immediate vicinity of the fire on the 18th day of June, 1912, in the city of Paterson. The relator’s wife, Gfussie Edelstein, on direct examination, testified that she had lived in Brooklyn for six years; that her husband had never gone by the name of Edelson, but had always been known as Edelstein, and that she had never been in Paterson. On cross-examination she admitted that she had been in Paterson two or three weeks before the hearing, and that she had seen in a saloon in Paterson one of the colored witnesses produced by the appellant.

Abraham Intemofsky, on direct examination, testified that he was engaged in the cooperage business; that he had known Morris Edelstein for four months, and that relator had been employed as a helper upon one of his trucks. Asked if he knew relator under the name of Edelson, not Edelstein, this witness replied. “I call him Edelson; Morris Edelson.” On relator’s counsel asking, “Morris what?” the witness replied, “Morris Edelstein.” The court reminded the witness that he ' had said Edelson, and then asked him if there was any such name as Edelson in Russia. The answer was “ Edelson, yes, Sir.” Asked, “This is Edelson?’’ the witness replied, “Yes,' sir.” Again he was asked, “And Edelstein? Do you recognize the difference between the two ?” and he replied, “I call' him Edelson.” Relator’s counsel then asked, “What did he call himself ?” and the witness answered, “ I called him Edelson.” Further examined throug’h an interpreter, the witness said: “To tell you the truth I called him Morris, his first name, mostly, but I wasn’t particular-, called him sometimes Edelstein and Edelson.”

It appears from' the papers making a part of the return that ■he was known to the New Jersey authorities as Edelson, alias Edelstein, and the positive identification of the relator by two witnesses as having been at or near the scene of the fire in Paterson at the time mentioned, in connection with his denial that he was ever there,, indicates plainly that the relator was the person charged with the crime of arson in New Jersey, and the mere fact that his name is misspelled in the papers before the court is not a sufficient justification for discharging the relator in a proceeding of this character. The Constitution of the United States (Art. 4, §2, subd. 2) provides. “A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.” The relator is a person. He has been charged with a-crime within‘the State of New Jersey, and the Executive of the State from whence he fled has demanded his extradition This demand should be honored, unless it is made to clearly appear that he is not the person so charged, for we may not presume that a sister State will deny justice to the relator, and it has been laid down by high authority that mere evidence of an alibi, or evidence that the person demanded was not in the State as alleged, would not justify his discharge, where there was satisfactory evidence on the other side, as habeas corpus was not the proper proceeding to try the question of the guilt or innocence of the accused. (See Hyatt v. Corkran, 188 U. S. 691, 710, citing New York Court of Appeals in same case, sub nom. People ex rel. Corkran v. Hyatt, 172 N. Y. 176.) The mere fact of the misspelling of the relator’s name, especially in view of the circumstances appearing in the record before us, is of no importance. The question is, is this the person who has been charged with a crime in the State of New Jersey, and who has fled to this State. Upon this point there does not seem to be any reasonable question, and while the name is spelled differently from the name the relator now uses, it is evident from his own witness’ testimony that the name found in the papers on which the relator is held is the one by which he was known by some people, and the pronunciation is not materially different in sound from the one which is now claimed to be the right one. 1 1 A name need not be correctly spelled in an indictment,” say the court in Faust v. United States (163 U. S. 452, 454), “if substantially the same sound is preserved. The following are cases in which the variance between the names as alleged and as proven was at least as great as in the present, and in which it was held that the variance was not material: [Bubb and Bobb, Myer v. Fegaly, 39 Penn. St. 429; Heckman and Hackman, Bergman's Appeal, 88 Penn. St. 120; Hutson and Hudson, Cato v. Hutson, 7 Missouri, 142; Shaffer and Shafer, Rowe v. Palmer, 29 Kansas, 337; Woolley and Wolley, Power v. Woolley, 21 Arkansas, 462; Penryn and Pennyrine, Elliott v. Knott, 14 Maryland, 121.]”

If the above variations were not material on indictment, it seems to us clear that they ought not to be fatal to a warrant of extradition or interstate rendition, and as this is the only ground on which any serious question was raised outside of the alleged alibi, we are of the opinion that the court erred in holding that the relator was improperly in custody.

The order appealed from should be reversed, the writ of habeas corpus quashed, and the relator remanded.to the appellant, to be by him turned over to the' agent of the demanding State designated to receive him.

Jenks, P. J., Thomas, Caer and Rich, JJ., concurred.

Order reversed, writ of habeas corpus quashed, and relator remanded to the appellant, to be by him turned over to the agent of the demanding State designated to receive him.