Case ID: ad_43/html/0496-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "\n      Hatch, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Thomas M. McGrath, Respondent, v. William G. Alger, as Executor, etc., of Cyrus D. Alger, Deceased, Appellant.
    
      Action by an attorney for services — evidence of services rendered at the request of co-stranger is incompetent — sufficiency of an objection thereto. ■
    In an action brought by an attorney to recover for professional services rendered to the defendant’s testator, evidence that before the-testator’s second marriage, a brother of the prospective bride consulted the attorney about the legality of the proposed marriage, is incompetent, where it does not appear that the consultation was had at the request or for the benefit of-the testator.
    An objection that the evidence in question was unauthorized and incompetent is sufficient to raise on appeal the question, of its admissibility, although, when evidence was introduced on the trial showing what was done pursuant to the. interview, the objecting party did not reiterate the grounds of his objection, but merely interposed a general objection.
    Appeal by the defendant, William G. Alger, as executor, etc., of Gyrus D. Alger, deceased, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings on the 8th day of February-, 1899, upon the verdict of a jury, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 6th day of February, 1899, denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
    
      Frederic A. Ward [J. Frederic Kernochan with him on the brief], for the appellant.
    
      James L. Bennett, for the respondent.
   Hatch, J.:

This action is brought by the assignee of a claim for professional services rendered by A. Edward Woodruff, a lawyer, to Cyrus' Alger in his lifetime. As we view the testimony, the verdict wdiicli has been rendered seems large for the service shown to have been performed, and the amount charged for such service seems to be at a greater rate than charges for service rendered by the lawyer during testator’s lifetime and for which he paid. While it is true that the extent and value of the service rendered by a lawyer, in the absence of an agreement for specific compensation, is a question of fact, of which the jury is the sole judge, yet their verdict in this respect is subject to scrutiny and may be reversed if excessive, or set aside if inadequate. There is no more sacredness attaching to verdicts in such actions than in any other class of cases. While holding the view that the verdict is large for the character of service, its importance and extent, we do not find it necessary to determine either that it is excessive or against the fair weight of the testimony. Such condition, however, imposes upon us the necessity of examining the record with care, in order to' see that nothing which has happened improperly tended to the prejudice of the defendant.

In order to sustain this recovery, it- must clearly appear that the entire service for which the recovery has been had was rendered at the instance and request of the deceased or was for his benefit. Having .in mind this condition, we think it clear that the jury was permitted to consider testimony of service rendered which was not shown to have been performed either for the benefit or upon the request of the deceased. There is nothing in the letters which passed between the attorney and the deceased showing a request upon the part of the latter that the attorney should aid him in contracting á second marriage, and there is no oral testimony establishing a request upon the part of the deceased for such service. If, from what does appear, a general request could be inferred, the service rendered in such connection must be shown to have been.for the benefit of the deceased, or, if rendered to • another, must be shown to have been at his request.

It appeared that the deceased contracted a second marriage with a Hiss Gillespie. The attorney testified that, shortly prior to such •marriage, the valet of the deceased called upon Mm and thereafter a brother of Miss Gillespie called and consulted him about the legality of such marriage, and that thereafter the attorney spent “ altogether between ten and twenty days, because it had run over a vast period, a good ■ deal of time: At different, times.”

.When this subject was first broached the court, of its own motion, seems to have struck out the conversation with the valet. Thereupon the witness' testified : "Well, Mr. Gillespie called on me, the brother.” Defendant objected to this testimony as unauthorized' and incompetent. The court permitted it ..to stand, and the witness then, testified that the subject of the conversation ivas the, legal ■right of the deceased to marry. He was then asked as to the time he spent in examining the question, and answered, “ I had spent, a great deal of time.” Defendant again objected generally, the Court allowed the testimony- and the defendant excepted. It is •quite cifear that this testimony did not disclose that the service rendered in this connection was at the request of the deceased or for his benefit. . From all that does appear, it is quite as likely that Gillespie wanted the information for his own benefit or that of his sister, as that the deceased wanted it imparted to them. The case is destitute of any request, by the deceased for the attorney to advise Gillespie or make any examination of the law in connection with the subject-matter of the interview, and without such request the deceased could not be made liable, any more than he could for service rendered at the request and for the benefit of a stranger. Neither Gillespie nor the valet was called to testify as to the circumstances, and no inference can arise from the relation sufficient to charge the deceased with liability. It is clear, therefore, that the admission of this testimony worked a prejudicial error to the defendant, as it must be presumed that the jury took into consideration the rendition of such service as a proper charge against the deceased in awarding the recovery.

■ It is said, however, that the defendant has not raised the question,, as the objection thereto was general. The general rule undoubtedly is that a general objection to incompetent testimony will not be sustained upon appeal unless it' clearly appears that the ground of objection could not have been obviated had it been stated, or unless the evidence in any aspect was incompetent. (Ackley v. Welch, 85 Hun, 178.) The reason for this rule is that thé court should be apprised of the ground, so that in fairness it may understand the nature of the question presented, and also for the purpose-of enabling the adverse party to supply what may be lacking, or withhold the evidence. (Daly v. Byrne, 77 N. Y. 182.) This rule, however, does not fit the facts of the present case. When the defendant first objected he stated the grounds to be that the evidence was unauthorized and incompetent. This fairly apprised both the court and the adverse party that the evidence sought was unauthorized, as it could not be properly used to fasten liability upon the deceased. This objection the court overruled, and when the plaintiff sought to show what was done pursuant to the interview the defendant again objected. He was not bound to reiterate the grounds of his objection; that he had done before, and the court and counsel understood the grounds then as fully as if restated. It simply indicated that the defendant was standing upon his rights, and was insistent upon the objection to that class of testimony which he had raised at the first moment. Under similar circumstances we have held the question properly raised. (Montignani v. Crandall Co., 34 App. Div. 228.)

There are other questions in the case, but. we do not find it necessary to examine them, as this ruling was error and should lead to a reversal of the judgment.

All concurred.

Judgment and order reversed and new trial granted, costs to abide the event.