Case ID: f-appx_422/html/0333-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "PER CURIAM: \n    ", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee v. Abednego ESPINOSA, Defendant-Appellant.
    No. 10-20476
    Summary Calendar.
    United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.
    April 14, 2011.
    James Lee Turner, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Houston, TX, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
    Lee Wilson, Houston, TX, for Defendant-Appellant.
    Before DAVIS, SMITH, and SOUTHWICK, Circuit Judges.
   PER CURIAM:

Abednego Espinosa pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit hostage taking. The district court sentenced him to 210 months of imprisonment and five years of supervised release. The district court also ordered that Espinosa pay, jointly and severably with his codefendants, $9,000 in restitution. Espinosa appeals, arguing that the district court erred when it applied a six-level guidelines enhancement based on its finding that a ransom demand was made and a two-level guidelines enhancement based on its finding that firearms were used during the offense.

The district court did not clearly err in finding that the demanding of a ransom was the purpose of the offense and was a reasonably foreseeable act of one of Espinosa’s coconspirators in furtherance of the conspiracy, because these findings are plausible in light of the record as a whole. See U.S.S.G. § lB1.3(a)(l)(B); United States v. Solis, 299 F.3d 420, 461-62 (5th Cir.2002). The district court also did not clearly err in finding that Espinosa’s co-conspirators pointed pistols at the victims or err in determining that such conduct qualified as “otherwise us[ing]” firearms during the offense conduct. U.S.S.G. § 2A4.1(b)(3), § 2A4.1, comment, (n.2); United States v. Dunigan, 555 F.3d 501, 504-06 (5th Cir.2009). Further, the district court did not clearly err in finding that the use of firearms was reasonably foreseeable to Espinosa, as Espinosa viewed his coconspirators in possession of the pistols at the time of the offense. See Solis, 299 F.3d at 462.

AFFIRMED. 
      
       Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir R. 47.5.4.