Case ID: sw2d_2/html/0272-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "LATTIMORE, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

DIXON v. STATE.
    (No. 11255.)
    Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 1, 1928.
    I. Criminal law <§=>398(I) — Sheriff’s testimony as to finding liquor in defendant’s house, without producing liquor, held not objectionable as secondary evidence.
    Testimony of sheriff as to discovery of liquor in defendant’s house held admissible over objection that such articles should have been produced before jury and that sheriff’s testimony was secondary evidence, in prosecution for possessing liquor for purposes of sale.
    
      2: Intoxicating liquors <§=>248 — Affidavit for warrant for search for liquor entirely on information and belief without statement of facts held insufficient.
    Affidavit for search warrant, stating affiants had good reason for believing defendant possessed liquor, where made entirely on information and belief without stating facts of any character whatsoever, was insufficient to authorize issuance of warrant, and evidence obtained thereby was therefore inadmissible in liquor prosecution.
    3. Criminal law <§=>364(4) — Defendant’s state-* ment concerning ownership of liquor made at time liquor was found held admissible in prosecution for possessing liquor for sale as part of res gestae.
    In prosecution for possessing liquor for purposes of sale, testimony as to statement made by defendant concerning ownership of liquor at time when liquor was found was admissible as part of res gestae.
    4. Searches and seizures <§=7 (27) — Statement of defendant, “Ail right; go ahead,” to officers proposing to search house under warrant, held not to waive irregularities in warrant or to amount to consent to search without warrant.
    Where officers with search warrant informed defendant that they proposed to search his house, statement, “All right; go ahead,” held not to waive irregularities in search warrant or to amount to consent to search without warrant, where it developed that warrant was improperly issued.
    5. Witnesses <§=>337(5) — Impeachment of defendant as witness by cross-examination relative to indictments for felonies within 18 months previous held not improper.
    Cross-examination of defendant, in prosecution for possessing liquor for purposes of sale, as to whether defendant had been indicted for a number of felonies within the last 18 months, held not improper where defendant testified as a witness, since such testimony made his reputation an issue.
    6. Witnesses <§£=>345(1) — Witness’ indictment within reasonable length of time for felonies or offenses involving moral turpitude may be shown.
    That witness has been indicted, within a reasonable length of time prior to his taking the . witness stand, for felonies or offenses involving moral turpitude, is a matter proper to be shown as involving question of credibility.
    Appeal from District Court, Angelina County; C. C. Hodges, Judge.
    J. .1. Dixon was convicted of possessing intoxicating liquor for purposes of sale, and he appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    J. J. Collins and R. C. Musslewhite, both of Lufkin, for appellant.
    A. A. Dawson, State’s Atty., of Austin, for the State.
   LATTIMORE, J.

Conviction for possessing intoxicating liquor for purposes of sale; punishment, two years in the Penitentiary.

The facts disclosed by the record amply supported the judgment of guilty.

The record contains 16 bills of exception. The first sets out an objection made to the testimony of the sheriff to the effect that he found 7 gallons of liquor and 129 bottles of beer in appellant’s house; the objection being that said articles found were in the possession of the sheriff and should have been produced before the jury, and that his testimony was secondary evidence. We do not agree with this contention. We do not think the man who testifies that he found a horse must produce the horse before the jury ■ before his testimony will be received.

In his second bill of exceptions appellant makes the point that the testimony of the finding in his house of certain liquor was objectionable because the search warrant under which the officers were operating was not issued in compliance with law, in that the affidavit upon which said search warrant was based was defective and insufficient for the reason that same merely stated that the affi-ants had good reason for believing and did believe that defendant possessed intoxicating liquor,, and did not state the facts. This bill of exceptions, in common with others in the record, is approved with the following statement:

“Examined, found correct, and approved by me and ordered filed as a part of the record in this cause on this the-day of July, A. D. 1927; but the facts recited are not approved as true except as reflected by the record.”

A bill of exceptions so approved imposes a great burden upon this court, and one that it has expressly declined to assume when imposed by the parties. Such a -qualification compels this court to search through the statement of facts and the other parts of the record in order to ascertain whether the facts stated by the appellant in the bill of exception are true or not. Such practice, if uniformly adhered to, would entirely nullify the rules of this court requiring that the facts upon which the appellant relied to demonstrate the error of a bill of exceptions, should be set out, otherwise the bill would be held insufficient. It is to be earnestly hoped that such qualifications will be avoided. This does not apply when the reference is to some specific part of the record. In passing on the bill now before us, we are compelled to look to the statement of facts and other parts of the record. We there find the affidavit for search warrant, examining which we observe it is made entirely on information and belief and states no facts of any character whatever. This necessitates our holding that the action of the court in overruling the objection of the appellant was erroneous.

There is a bill of exceptions complaining of the fact the court permitted an officer to testify to a statement made by appellant concerning the ownership of the liquor, said statement being made when the liquor was found. In our opinion the statement made was a part of the res gestse of the transaction, and its admission presents no error.

Another bill of exceptions complains of a statement made by the defendant deemed by the state to raise the issue of his consent to the search. We are of opinion that one. who is informed by the officers that they have a search warrant under which they propose to search his house, who says nothing further than, “All right; go ahead,” cannot be held to thereby waive irregularities in the search warrant, or to have given his consent to the search without warrant. Bill of exceptions No. 5 presents the same question as the second bill above discussed. It is qualified by the same qualification, and reference to the record discloses the fact that the affidavit is insufficient under the opinions of this court.

There is a bill of exceptions complaining of the fact that the state was permitted to ask ■ appellant, when a witness on stand, if he had not been indicted for a number of felonies within the last 18 months. In our opinion the testimony was properly received. Appellant was a witness, and this made his reputation an issue. That one has been indicted, within a reasonable length of time prior to his taking the witness. stand, for felonies or offenses involving moral turpitude, is a matter proper to be shown.

There are bills of exception complaining of argument of the county and district attorneys. The case will have to be reversed, and it is likely such argument will not occur upon another trial. We find complaints of the charge of the court, but are of opinion that same are not well founded.

For the error discussed, the judgment will be reversed and the cause remanded. 
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