Case ID: sw_244/html/0818-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "HAWKINS, J. LATTIMORE, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

COPELAND v. STATE.
    (No. 6994.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Oct. 11, 1922.
    Rehearing Denied Nov. 8, 1922.)
    1. Intoxicating liquors <$=»202— Indictment for manufacture need not allege purpose of sale.
    An indictment charging the manufacture of intoxicating liquor is not defective under the Dean Daw (Gen. Daws 37th Deg. First Called Sess. [1921] e. 61 [Vernon’s Ann. Pen. Code Supp. 1922, art. 588% et seq.]), for failure to allegg that the manufacture was for the purpose of sale.
    2. Criminal law <&wkey;394 — Evidence against defendant secured on land of another without his objection and without search warrant admissible.
    Evidence establishing that defendant was operating a still on the land of another which was obtained by entry and search of the land in the absence of defendant is not inadmissible, because the search was conducted without a warrant, where the owner gave the officer information and made no objection to his presence.
    On Motion for Rehearing.
    3. Criminal law <&wkey;>4l9‘, 420(1) — Intoxicating liquors &wkey;>233(2) — Evidence of illicit liquor machinery found at a place with which accused is connected is admissible.
    Evidence that apparatus supposed to be a part of a still used in the manufacture of intoxicating liquor and materials used in such process were found in a place with which the accused, charged with the manufacture of intoxicating liquor, is connected by testimony, is admissible and not subject to objection that it is hearsay, although defendant was not present at the time of the finding.
    4. intoxicating liquors 137, 138 — Permission for the possession of intoxicants for personal use does not permit their manufacture and transportation.
    Though the Dean Daw (Gen. Daws 37th Deg. First Called Sess. [1921] c. 61 [Vernon’s Ann. Pen, Code Supp. 1922, art. 588% et seq.]), would seem to allow the possession of intoxicating liquor for personal use, the courts are not permitted to construe it as authorizing the manufacture and transportation of such liquors, which is clearly and unmistakably prohibited.
    5.Statutes &wkey;>l90 — Courts unauthorized to construe anything into statute unless its meaning is not clear.
    Courts are not authorized to construe anything into a statute unless its language is so ambiguous or difficult of construction that its meaning is not clear.
    Appeal from District Court, Coryell County; J. R. McClellan, Judge.
    George Copeland was convicted for the manufacture of intoxicating liquors, and be appeals.
    Affirmed.
    T. R. Mears, of Gatesville, for appellant.
    R. G. Storey, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
   HAWKINS, J.

Conviction is for the manufacture of intoxicating liquor with a penalty of two years in the penitentiary. It is urged that the indictment is defective in omitting to allege that the manufacture was for the “purpose of sale.” Several special charges based upon the same theory were requested and refused. There was no error in declining to quash the indictment and in refusing the requested instructions. The contention has been decided adversely to appellant in Ex parte Mitchum (Tex. Cr. App.) 237 S. W. 936; Stringer v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 241 S. W. 159; Crowley v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 242 S. W. 472.

The evidence is positive and establishes beyond question that appellant operated a still and manufactured whisky on premises belonging to one S. B. French. Accused had no interest in the land on which the still was located, and had no legal right on the premises save by sufferance of the owner. The sheriff testified that he went to French’s place and found part of a dismantled still, some mash in barrels, and where some appeared to have been poured on the ground. Objection to this evidence was made because it was not shown that the officer had a search warrant. Appellant was not at or about the still at the time, and the record fails to show when or where he was arrested. The owner gave the officer information as tp how the still came on his premises, and the record fails to show that he made objection to.the presence of the officer. No error appears in the admission of the testimony complained of. Stringer v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 241 S. W. 159. The evidence overwhelmingly established appellant’s guilt, independent of the sheriff’s testimony.

The judgment is affirmed.

On Motion for Rehearing.

LATTIMORE, J.

Appellant again urges that we were in error in our conclusion that, under the amendment to the Dean Daw, appearing in chapter 61 of the General Daws of Texas, First Called Session of the Thirty-Seventh Degislatdre (Vernon’s Ann. Pen. Code Supp. 1922, art. 58S14 et seq.), it was not made necessary that the indictment state and the proof show that the manufacture, transportation, exportation, etc., of intoxicating' liquors be for the purpose of sale. We apprehend that appellant entertains a mistaken view of the proper construction of sections 1 and 2 of said amendment. Section 1 reads as follows:

“That it shall be unlawful for any person, directly or indirectly, to manufacture, sell, barter, exchange, transport, export, 'deliver, take orders for, solicit, or furnish spirituous, vinous, or malt liquors, or medicated bitters capable of producing intoxication, or any other intoxicant whatever, or any equipment for making any such liquors, or to possess or receive for the purpose of sale any such liquors herein prohibited.”

It will be observed that that portion of said section which is as follows: “Or to possess or receive for the purpose of sale of any such liquors herein prohibited,” is set off and separated from the preceding portion 'of said section, which forbids in terms the unlawful manufacture, sale, barter, transportation, etc., of such liquor. We adhere to the conclusion announced in the original opinion in regard to the sufficiency of the indictment and to the fact that it is not necessary to allege or prove in a case wherein the charge is manufacturing, transporting, etc., that such manufacture was for the purpose of sale.

Appellant also insists that we did not discuss or pass upon the. proposition that was contained in his bill of exceptions No. 5, wherein he urged that the testimony of the sheriff was hearsay and that said officer had no search warrant, etc. An examination of said bill makes it clear that the officer’s testimony was as to what he found at a given place, tlie find consisting of certain apparatus supposed to be part of a still used in the illicit manufacture of liquor. The appellant was not present at the time and place when the officer found said apparatus. Testimony such as this is not hearsay. The finding of such machinery, etc., used in the manufacture of liquor, or the materials commonly used in such process, in any place with which the accused is connected by testimony, is admissible and would not be subject to the objection now urged.

Appellant further urges that, since the amendment to the Dean Daw above referred to authorizes and allows one to possess liquor if same be not so possessed for the purpose of sale, that the law should be construed to authorize and allow the manufacture, transportation, etc., of such liquor for any other purpose except that of sale. The Deg-islature makes the laws, and this court is not authorized to construe anything into them unless the language of such statute be ambiguous or so difficult of construction as that its meaning is not clear. We find nothing in the language of the amendment under discussion which lacks clarity. We cannot concern ourselves with any difficulties which may appear to surround the lawful possession of liquor, nor are we concerned as to how one may acquire the liquor whose possession for personal use seems to be allowed by said statute. We can go no farther than to say that said statute in clear and unmistakable terms forbids the manufacture, transportation, etc., of such liquor under pains and penalties.

Being unable to agree with the contentions made by appellant in his motion for rehearing, same will be overruled. 
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