Case ID: ill_12/html/0063-02.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Treat, C. J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

John M. Wilson, Pltff in Error, v. Nelson G. Nettleton, Deft in Error.
    ERROR TO WHITE.
    An affidavit made by an agent of the creditor, is sufficient to authorize the issuing of a warrant by a justice of the peace to hold a debtor to bail.
    A pica of privilege, that a party was a suitor and an attorney attending court, is a dilatory plea' and must he interposed at the first opportunity, or it will be too late.
    This was an action commenced before a justice of the peace in "White County, by a capias ad respondendum, and taken by appeal to the White Circuit Court. The cause was heard before Harlan, Judge, at September Term, 1850, who rendered a judgment for defendant in error. Wilson brings the cause to this Court, and assigns the following errors: The Court erred in not quashing affidavit and writ and dismissing suit because the affidavit was made by a-stranger and not by the plaintiff in the suit, and for want of jurisdiction in the justice of the peace. The Court erred in giving judgment for the plaintiff on the said plea in abatement, but should have rendered judgment on such plea against plaintiff for costs, &c. The facts of the case are fully stated, in the opinion of the Court.
    C. Constable, for Pltff in Error.
    U. F. Linder, for Deft in Error.
   Treat, C. J.

This suit was originally brought before a justice of the peace. The defendant was arrested on a warrant, founded on an affidavit made by an agent of the plaintiff. He moved to dismiss the action, because the writ was imprudently issued. The justice overruled the objection, and entered a judgment in favor of the plaintiff. The defendant appealed to the Circuit Court, where he renewed the motion to dismiss. The motion was denied, and he then pleaded in abatement, that he was arrested on the warrant during the sitting of the Circuit Court, which Court he was attending as a suitor, and as an attorney at law. The Court overruled this defence, and affirmed the judgment of the justice.

The only objection taken to the process, under which the arrest was made, is that it was founded on an affidavit made by an agent of the creditor. It is contended, that the oath must be made by the creditor personally, and cannot be made by a person acting on his behalf. The statute declares, “ If, previous to the commencement of a suit, the plaintiff shall make oath that there is danger that the debt or claim of such plaintiff will be lost, unless the defendant be held to bail, and shall state, under oath, the cause of such danger, so as to satisfy the justice that there is reason to apprehend such loss, the justice shall issue a warrant,” &c. E. S., ch. 59, § 22. What is the real object of this provision ? It is that a debtor may be held to bail, whenever it is satisfactorily made to appear on oath, that the creditor will otherwise be in danger of losing his debt. There is no good reason why an agent charged wfith the collection of a debt, may not be permitted to make the oath, and sue out the process. He can ascertain and state the causes, which are to satisfy the justice of the propriety of issuing the warrant, as well as the creditor. He may have a personal knowdedge of the facts, while the creditor may be ignorant of their existence; and if the latter is alone allowed to make the oath, he can only swear as to his belief of the truth of information derived from others. We think the design of the statute is equally answered, whether the oath is made by the creditor or his agent. Any other construction of the statute might deprive a creditor, who resides at a distance from his debtor, of the benefit of its provisions altogether. The delay in obtaining correct information of the condition of his debtor, and in transmitting the necessary affidavit, might render abortive any attempt to coerce the payment of the debt. The consequences of the debtor are the same, whether the oath is made by the creditor or his agent. If he is arrested on a warrant causelessly sued out by the agent, he has a clear remedy against his principal.

The plea of privilege came too late. It was a defence of a dilatory character, not affecting the merits of the action, and should have been interposed before the justice. If there made and overruled, it might have been renewed in the Circuit Court.

It was waived by the failure of the defendant, to insist upon it at the first opportunity.

The judgment is affirmed with costs.

Judgment affirmed.