Case ID: ad_156/html/0027-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Rich, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

Samuel Dreyer, Appellant, v. Samuel Ershowsky and Barnet Ershowsky, Respondents.
    Second Department,
    March 14, 1913.
    Practice x—trial — witnesses — examination hy court to exclusion of counsel.
    Where a trial judge refuses to allow the plaintiff’s counsel to examine his own witnesses and takes upon himself the conduct of such examination, a judgment for the defendant may be reversed upon the ground that the plaintiff has been deprived of his day in court.
    Appeal by the plaintiff, Samuel Dreyer, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the defendants, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings on the 17th day of June, 1911, upon the verdict of a jury rendered after a trial at the Kings County Trial Term, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 4th day of August, 1911, denying the plaintiff’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
    
      Herman Gottlieb, for the appellant.
    
      George W. Hurlbut [Herrick C. Allen with him on the brief], for the respondents.
   Rich, J.:

This appeal is from a judgment in favor of the defendants, entered upon the verdict of a jury in an action to recover for negligence. It may be that upon the record here presented, and considering the method pursued in the trial of this, action, a verdict for the defendants was not without justification. We are convinced, however, that the cause was so hastily disposed of that an injustice may have been done. The plaintiff was represented by skillful counsel, but was not permitted to hayé the facts elicited from his witnesses by the counsel employed to represent him and conduct his case. The ordinary and usual procedure in the trial of causes was disregarded. The learned justice who presided at the trial took it upon himself to conduct the examination of witnesses, and we feel that in taking from counsel, who was undoubtedly familiar with the case and knew what he expected to prove by his witnesses, the opportunity of trying Ms case the. plaintiff has been deprived of his day in court.

The' plaintiff was the first witness called upon the trial, and after he had stated his place of residence and the, nature of his business, the learned court interrupted the examination and proceeded to question the witness as to the nature and cause of the accident and the .extent of his injuries. The next witness was a physician and surgeon, and his examination in chief was also conducted by the court. The third witness for plaintiff was in defendants’ employ at the time of the accident, and after the witness had said in response to questions by the court that he saw plaintiff that day, counsel-said; “Would your Honor permit me. to conduct the examination? The Court: One moment, please. Get some facts first,” and the court proceeded to interrogate the witness as to the crucial questions involved. The record shows that counsel again asked to be permitted to examine the witness. “Mr. Gottlieb: Won’t your Honor allow me to examine this witness? The Court: No.” Other witnesses were called for plaintiff and questioned by the court, when finally , a witness was called in rebuttal. The record follows:

“Harry Weintraub, 102 Orchard.Street, Manhattan, called as a witness in behalf of the plaintiff, being duly sworn, testified: By the Court: Q. Now, Weintraub, where were you on September 6, 1907? Mr. Gottlieb: Will your Honor permit me to examine the witness ? The Court: No; I am going to examine for a while. Mr. Gottlieb: I except. A. On the comer of Delancey and Forsyth street. Q. What were you doing there ? A. I have been sitting on Mr. Rosenberg’s wagon, moving van. Q. Who else was sitting on that moving van ? Mr. Gottlieb: I object to your Honor cross-examining the witness, if your Honor please. Q. Who was sitting there? Mr. Gottlieb: I except. The Court: Counselor, you will sit down and not rise again until the Court tells you. Mr. Gottlieb: I except.”

We think that the conduct of the court in ref using to permit counsel to conduct the examination of his witness was highly improper. While it is true that the manner in which a witness shall be examined is largely in the discretion of the trial judge, it must be understood that we have not adopted in this country the practice of making the presiding judge the chief inquisitor. It is better to observe our time-honored custom of orderly judicial procedure, even at the expense of occasional delays, and while we recognize the commendable zeal which prompted the learned justice to expedite the litigation it must not be forgotten that' the trial of a lawsuit is an important event to the parties and they must not only receive justice but must be made to know that justice is being administered. The judge is an important figure in the trial of a cause, and while he has the right and it is often his duty to question witnesses, to the end that justice shall prevail, we can conceive of no other reason for him to take the trial of the cause out of the hands of counsel. It is better that he should conduct the trial with such deliberation that the scales may be seen to balance at every stage in the progress of the trial.

We are of the opinion that the plaintiff has not had a fair opportunity of presenting his case, and the judgment and order must, therefore, be reversed and a new trial granted, costs to abide the event.

Burr, Carr and Stapleton, JJ., concurred; Jenks, P. J., concurred in the result.

Judgment and order reversed and new trial granted, costs to abide the event.