Case ID: ind_73/html/0043-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Woods, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

No. 7890.
    Robertson v. Meadors.
    Life-Estate. — TEasie, What Constitutes. — Injunction.—The owner infeeof real estate may enjoin a tenant for life from cutting and removing-valuable growing timber, to the irreparable injury of the fee simple estate.
    
      Same. — Life Tenant’s Sights. — The extent of a life tenant’s rights, in the-use of his estate, is not measured by his necessities.
    
      Same. — Pleading.—Complaint.—Demurrer.—A complaint, by the owner of the fee of real estate, for damages and to enjoin the commission of waste by a life tenant, which alleges the cutting and removal, and. threats to cut and remove, valuable growing timber, to the irreparable: injury of the fee simple estate, is sufficient on demurrer.
    From the Washington Circuit Court.
    
      H. Heffren and J. A. Zaring, for appellant.
    
      A. B. Collins and 8. B. Voyles, for appellee.
   Woods, J.

— Complaint for damages and an injunction-, against the commission of waste. The action was brought, by the appellee, as owner of the fee, against the appellant,, as owner of a life-estate. A demurrer for want of facts was sustained to the second paragraph of answer, and error is assigned upon that ruling' alone.

Besides insisting that the answer was good, counsel for the appellant contend that the complaint is not good, and that the demurrer should have been carried back and sustained to that pleading.

After describing the land, and averring the respective interests of the parties, the coinplaint charges: “That said ■defendant took possession of said tract of land about the 1st •of March, 1871, and has been in possession and occupation of the same ever since, and has the same now under her full ■control, subject to the rights and equities of this plaintiff; that,said defendant, within the last two years, and after the plaintiff became the owner of the fee simple of said lands, and without authority or license from plaintiff, has cut down, hauled off and sold from off said land a large number of walnut, poplar and other timber trees growing on said lands, the number of which plaintiff is unable to state, and during said time she has also committed waste on said land in other ways, all of which has been to the irreparable injury to the fee simple of said lands, producing great injury to this plaintiff; that the defendant has threatened, and is threat•ening, to cut down, haul off and sell more timber trees from ■off said land, and otherwise commit waste thereon, for which the plaintiff has no remedy or way to prevent the ¡same, except by injunction or restraining order ; that the acts ■of waste committed by said defendant upon said land during the time said plaintiff owned the fee simple of the same, have been a damage to him of two hundred dollars ; that said defendant threatens to continue acts of waste and destruction ■upon said lands, which, plaintiff believes, she will do unless 'restrained or enjoined by an order of this court.” And that -the plaintiff has no other adequate remedy, etc.

The defendant answered by a general denial and a second paragraph, as follows: “For second and additional answer, defendant says that she owns for life the land described in plaintiff’s complaint, in severalty, by descent, and [as] heir from her husband, John Robertson, deceased; that it consists of about thirty-one acres of land, and was set off to her by commissioners, duly appointed by the court of common pleas of Washington county; that, at the time said lands were so set off, there was only six acres reduced to cultivation, Avhich Avas entirely inadequate to her support and subsistence; that, for the purpose of obtaining a proper and reasonable support, she caused five acres of said land to be cleared and reduced to cultivation ; that she has fenced said ■land so cleared up, and repaired other fences upon said land, and used and consumed, for necessary fuel, the timber which greAV upon said land, save and except ten logs, Avhich grew upon said lairds aforesaid reduced to cultivation ; that it is and Avas absolutely necessary for her support and maintenance that said land so described should be reduced to cultivation, and, unless she can use the timber so cut as aforesaid, she Avill suffer for the necessaries of life, as she has no other means of support Avhatever.”

Trial by the court, and finding and judgment for the plaintiff, nAvardingthirty dollars damages (amount agreed on) and injunction, as prayed.

The answer seems to have been drawn on the theory that the extent of a life tenant’s rights depends on the necessities of such tenant, a proposition Avhich, if authoritatively announced, would be somewhat startling, both to the profession and to the owners of the fee, in such cases. The complaint shoivs the cutting and removal, and the threats to cut and remove, valuable growing timber, to the irreparable injury of the fee simple estate, and to the plaintiff as the owner thereof, Avhich clearly makes a case of actionable Avaste, and for injunction. Dawson v. Coffman, 28 Ind. 220; Modlin v. Kennedy, 53 Ind. 267 ; Miller v. Shields, 55 Ind. 71.

The answer makes no pretence that the acts already done had not caused the injury charged, and contains no denial of the threats, nor of the alleged purpose to continue the commission of waste and injury as charged.

The point is made, that, if well pleaded, the facts averred in this paragraph of the answer were provable under the general denial, and the fui'ther point that the acts of the defendant, set forth in said answer, are not shown to have b’een the same as those complained of. We need not decide upon these suggestions. Looking to the merits of the plea, aside from technical considerations, it is clear that no error was •committed in sustaining the demurrer thereto.

Judgment affirmed, with costs.