Case ID: ad_112/html/0160-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "McLaughlin, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

In the Matter of the Application of the City of New York, Appellant, Relative to Acquiring Title to Certain Lands and Premises Situated on the Easterly Side of Amsterdam Avenue, Between One Hundred and Thirty-ninth and One Hundred and Fortieth Streets, etc., in the City of New York, Duly Selected as an Additional Site for the College of the City of New York, According to Law. John O. Baker, Respondent.
    First Department,
    April 6, 1906.
    Eminent domain — when offer "by-owner to sell condemned lands to city of New York under section 1436c of the charter is insufficient if signed by attorney—costs and extra allowance denied although award exceeded offer. ■
    The offer to sell at a specified price lands which had been selected for condemnation by -the city óf New York, under section 1436c of the charter of Greater New York, must be made by the owner or by a person duly authorized to act for him, in such form that file offer, if accepted by the city, would entitlc-dt to specific performance of th.e contract.
    Hence,, when such offer was signed in" the owner’s name “by .Joseph Á. Flannery, his 'attorney,” but was unaccompanied by any proof of the attorney’s authority to-bind "his principal, such owner is not'entitled to-costs and-extra ■allowance under said section, although the offer was rejected and in the subsequent condemnation proceedings- he was aw,arded a sum in- excess of the offer.
    Moreover,'the,city is justified in rejecting such offer when-the same attorney, ‘ prior to the -offer,-hád' served ihe corporation counsel with a notice of appearance, in-a .proceeding by another person claiming the-same lands. ,
    , Appeal by the petitioner, the City of New York5 from an order of the .Supreme C^rart, made at "the New York Special Term and. entered in the office- of the clerk of the county of-New York on the -13th day of October, 19.05^ taxing costs, and granting an extra allowance to the respondent herein. '
    
      Theodore Connoly, for the appellant.
    
      Joseph A. Flannery, for the respondent.
   McLaughlin, J.:

Proceedings were instituted by] the city of New York to acquire title to certain lands on Amsterdam avenue, between One Hundred and Thirty-ninth and One Hundred and Fortieth streets, owned by the respondent Baker. After the commencement of such proceedings an offer was made under section 1436c of the Greater Mew York charter to sell this "land to the city for the sum of $110,000. The offer was dated January 9, 19.05, and was signed “John O. Baker by Joseph A. Flannery, his attorney.”. • The offer was rejected and title subsequently acquired by the city,.for which an award was made to Baker of $111,000. Thereafter a motion was made on behalf of Baker, under section 1436c of the Greater Mew York charter, to tax his costs in the proceeding and. for an extra allowance. This section provides, among other things, that “ In all cases where the owner of lands selected as aforesaid, or any part thereof] is not under legal disability to convey title to real property, such owner may, at any time before proof of value is submitted to the commissioners * * * submit a written offer tó the board of estimate and apportionment to sell and convey such owner’s land' or .interest therein at a specified price. * * * If such written offer is not accepted before proof of value is Submitted, * * * provided ten days shall have lapsed from the time of making such offer, and the compensation awarded thereafter ^* ,*. * exceeds the price specified in such offer, such owner making such offer shall be entitled to his taxable costs and disbursements as in an action and in the discretion of the Supreme Court, upon application made at a Special Term thereof, to an additional allowance of a sum of .money not exceeding five per centum upon the amount of such offer, but in no event more than two thousand dollars.”

The motion was granted and the costs directed to be taxed as in an action, together with an extra allowance of $500,, and the city - has appealed.

To entitle the owner of land, which is proposed to be taken by the city, to costs under the section of the charter referred to, he must make a written offer to sell at least ten days before proof is given as to the value of the land, and then the amount awarded must be in excess of his offer.

Here, the award, it is true, was in excess of the offer, but the offer did not comply with the section of the charter nor come within its provisions. It was not made by Baker, the owner, but by one who represented himself to be’ his attorney. The section does not provide for an offer by an attorney, but by the owner of the land, and while I am of the opinion that an attorney can make a valid offer under this section; he can only- do so by presenting proof at the time -the offer is made that lie is in fact the attorney of,' and has been authorized by, the owner to make the offer. The section clearly contemplates that an offer when made shall be in-such form that if accepted by the city it can be enforced by specific performance or otherwise; and this . offer' could not have been enforced because there was no proof presented that Flannery, had any authority to make if. An attorney ordinarily has no implied power to bind his client by contract (Bogart v. De Bussy, 6 Johns. 94), and a general retainer does not authorize him either to sell or purchase property (Averill v. Williams, 4 Den. 295), or release, compromise or settle a Cause of action (Barrett v. Third Ave. R. R. Co., 45 N. Y. 628), or to satisfy a judgment without full payment (Mandeville v. Reynolds, 68 id. 528; Arthur v. Homestead Fire Ins. Co., 78 id. 462), or to make an offer of judgment (Bush v. O'Brien, 164 id. 205 ; Riggs v. Waydell, 78 id. 586; Stone v. Bank of Commerce, 174 U. S. 412). In the Bush ease it was held that the corporation counsel of the city of New York had no power, either by virtue of his retainer or Under the charter of 1897 (Laws of 1897, chap. 378, § 255), to make an offer of judgment in ah action against the city. With the previous written approval of the comptroller, or the mayor and comptroller, he is expressly given such power under the charter of 1901 (Laws of 1901, chap. 466, § 255). In the Riggs case it was held that an offer of judgment signed by the defendant’s attorney, to which, no. affidavit .showing his authority to make it was annexed, was invalid.

If an attorney in an action cannot make an offer of judgment without proof of his authority; much less can he make a .valid offer, without proof of his authority, to transfer the title to land. Here, as we have already seen, there was no proof accompanying the offer that Flannery had authority to make it, and upon this ground alone the offer was properíy rejected.

The commissioners were also justified in rejecting the offer, because Flannery, several days prior to the time the offer was made, had served upon the. corporation counsel a notice of appearance in the proceeding as the attorney for one Barney, who claimed to own certain lands, which included,- the parcel for which an award was subsequently made to Baker, so that at the time the offer was madq, not only was there no proof that Flannery had authority to make it, but there was at least notice, so far as Flannery was concerned, that title to'Baker’s land was claimed by another person whom he represented. .

If the foregoing views be correct, then it follows that the order appealed from must be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and' the motion denied, with ten dollars costs.

Ingraham, Laughlin, Clarke and Houghton, JJ., concurred.

Order reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion denied,, with ten dollars costs. , Order filed. 
      
       Laws of 1901, chap. 466.— [Rep.