Case ID: nys_98/html/0905-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "INGRAHAM, J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

(113 App. Div. 150)
    PEOPLE v. SMITH.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department.
    May 11, 1906.)
    1. Homicide — Murder—Evidence—Sufficiency.
    In a prosecution for murder, evidence held sufficient to support a conviction.
    2. Criminal Law — Appeal—Review—Harmless Error.
    In a prosecution for murder error, if any, in permitting the state to introduce in rebuttal evidence of statements made by deceased before her death relative to the circumstances of the shooting was cured by subsequently striking out the evidence, directing the jury to disregard it, and not mentioning it in the instructions.
    [Ed. Note. — For cases in point, see vol. 15, Cent. Dig. Criminal Law, § 3141.]
    Appeal from Court of General Sessions, New York County. Thomas C. Smith was convicted of murder and appeals.
    Affirmed.
    See 89 N. Y. Supp. 1098.
    ■ Argued before O’BRIEN, P. J., and INGRAHAM, McLAUGH-L1N, CLARKE, and HOUGHTON, JJ.
    Lorlys E. Rogers, for appellant.
    E. Crosby Kindleberger, for the People.
   INGRAHAM, J.

The defendant was indicted for the murder of one Louisa Smith. There was evidence that the defendant and the-deceased had been living together for some years prior to the 9'th of February, 1904; that a few days prior to February 9, 1904, the deceased left the defendant, and on the morning of February 9th was with her sister, who lived in a tenement house in West Forty-First street with a man named Brooks who was in the defendant’s employ; that on the morning of February 9 th the defendant, with two companions, took Brooks, who was drunk, to the rooms in which Brooks lived with the deceased’s sister; that in trying to take Brooks to his room, the defendant having become covered with filth, he left Brooks on the stairs and went into a room where the deceased and her sister were in bed; that the defendant requested the sister of the deceased to “wash him off,” and took off his coat and vest; that the sister of the deceased washed him, gave him another shirt, which he put on and walked back into the room where the-deceased was in bed, leaving the sister of'the deceased in the kitchen; that in the meantime the deceased had got tip and partly dressed herself.

, The sister of the’ deceased, called for the people, testified that the defendant walked back to the parlor, grabbed the- deceased by her arm, and said, “Are you going to give me those rings?”1 that the deceased did not make any reply, and walked on to the bedroom; that the defendant followed the deceased into the bedroom, when he grabbed her by the.arm again, and the deceased said, “Don’t, Tom, you hurt”; that the witness .said, “You .children want to stop playing in there,” to which the defendant replied, “I am not playing,” and the deceased then sat clown on the edge of the bed, when the defendant 'said, “Are you going to give me those rings ?” that the deceased made no reply, when the defendant took a pistol out of his pocket and said, “Take, that,” and discharged the pistol, inflicting the wound which subsequently resulted in her death. After the shooting the police were called in, and the deceased was taken to the hospital.

The defendant was called.as a witness, and his account of -what happened in'.the room prior to the shooting was not substantially in conflict with that of the deceased’s sister. He stated that they were in the front room of'the apartment; that the deceased came into the room,when the defendant said to her, “What did you do with your rings ?” to which the deceased replied, “Í have got them,” and the defendant said, “I thought perhaps you had- pawned them,” that the defendant then sat down on the lounge near the fire, the deceased standing in front of the door between the -frontróom and the bedroom; that the defendant took a revolver from his pocket to transfer it to the other pocket, and it caught in his suspenders; that as he did that, the deceased grabbed the 'revolver and attempted to make off with it; that the defendant then grabbed the deceased by the right shouider, taking the revolver from her;, that they struggled to the edge of a bed; that the defendant raised the revolver, when it went off; that the deceased’s sister who was in the’ kitchen then ran into the room screaming “Murder!” that the deceased then said, “If you have shot my sister, run,” and the defendant said, “What for?” to which she replied: “She don’t like you. She will have you locked up”; whereupon the defendant left.the house and subsequently went to New Jersey, throwing the revolver in the river as. he went across the ferry; that about the 2d of March he returned, and saw’the'deceased at Bellevue Hospital'; that from Bellevue Hospital he took the deceased to the place where he lived in Twenty-Fourth street, stayed with her there until she died on the 12th day of March, and. then gave himself ’up to the police; that aiter the shooting, and before her deáth, the'defendant and the deceased -were married. There was a small amount "of insurance on the.deceased’s life which the defendant claimed, as her h’fisbarid. 'It also appeared that the deceased was first taken, to Roosevelt Hospital, where an. operation was performed for the gunshot woundj arid.she was then transferred to Bellevue Hospital; that while there,’ what was called. “Resolving pneumonia” developed which was the.’caus'd of her death; that after the death there was an autopsy by the. coroner’s physician, who found a bullet wound over the left hip bone, tlie bullet Was broken iri; two fragments lying at' the level of the fifth lumbar spine; that he found a large fecal abscess containing intestinal contents; that this abscess had burrowed down to the brim of the pelvis, and had caused a clot of blood to form in a large vein which was carried by the blood from the pelvis and the leg to the heart, lodged in the arteries supplying a portion of the right lung, and caused an infection of the lung which finally broke down and became gangrenous, and caused the death of the deceased. Thus, the pistol wound caused the abscess, and from that followed the gangrene of the lung which caused death.

I think there is no serious question but that there was- presented by this evidence a question for the jury. The case was submitted-to the jury by a charge which seems to have protected all the rights, of the defendant and to which the defendant made no objection, jmd.took no exception. The defendant insists that error was committed .by .the court receiving in rebuttal the evidence of two police officers as. to 'jdeclarations made by the deceased to them after the shooting. AI'he,.círcpmstances under which this testimony was received were as follows: On the part of the defendant testimony of statements made by the.cjecease-d were introduced to the effect that the deceased and the defendant were fooling with the revolver and in some manner the revolver ^ent .off; that at first she did not know she was shot, and thought her .sister was shot; that she had told a lie about the defendant; that her sister had told her to make these statements; that just before she died she sent for her husband to tell him that she was sorry for what she had said, and that the shooting was an accident. In rebuttal the people called two police officers who saw the defendant at the hospital. One of them testified that the deceased said to him that: . .

“He [defendant] asked me for these rings and these clothes that he, always asked me for every time we had a fight. I told him, ‘Now Tom. you get away from here; I don’t want nothing to do with you at all.’ • My sister was out in the other room and she says, ‘You children stop your fooling in there.’ Tom says, T am not fooling.’ She says at the same time he pulled a revolver out of his pocket and pointed it at me and said, ‘Take that’ That he then ran away.”

The defendant moved that his testimony be stricken out and that the jury be instructed to disregard it, on the ground that it was incompetent and irrelevant, to which the court said: “Strike out all except, ‘He took the pistol from his pocket and said, “ ‘Take that.” ’ ” Another po^lice officer was also allowed to testify that the deceased said to him:

“He demanded rings and clothes from her. When she refused to give them, he put his hand in his pocket, pulled the revolver, and fired, and said, ‘Take that’ ”

The defendant moved to strike out this testimony, and the court struck it all out except as to the shooting, taking the revolver from his' pocket, saying, “Take that,” and to this the defendant excepted. On the following morning the court made this statement: ■ -

“Yesterday I permitted the police officers to testify to certain statements made to them by deceased immediately after the shooting, because it seemed-fair. Strike out all the testimony of the two police officers as to the statements made to them by the deceased, and I instruct you, gentlemen, to pay no attention to these statements.”

Counsel for the defendant then said:

“In that view I shall ask your honor to strike out all the testimony of ■Officer Biggart as to his having any conversation with the deceased.”

To that, the court said:

“The fact that he had a conversation, of course, would not prejudice the defendant”

To which counsel for the defendant said:

“The fact that she gave him that picture.”

Whereupon the district attorney said:

“I consent that she said ‘It was a picture of the defendant’ be stricken out, but not the fact that it was a picture.”

No further statement was then made by the defendant, and no further requests to the court in regard to this testimony.

The defendant insists that it was error to receive this evidence; the testimony not being sufficient to justify its reception as an antemortem deposition of the deceased. The district attorney claims that this testimony was competent in rebuttal to meet the evidence offered by the defendant of antemortem statements of the deceased that the shooting was an accident, and Carver v. U. S., 164 U. S. 694, 17 Sup. Ct. 228, 41 L. Ed. 602, is relied on. In that case it was held that it was error to refusetoallow thedefendant to prove declarations of the decedent tending to contradict declarations admitted on behalf of the people as to whether the statements were admissible as dying declarations or not. In this case the declarations made to the police officers which were admitted wCre made some time before those introduced by the defendant, when it appears from the testimony that the deceased did not then expect to die. There is no doubt but that declarations made about the same time which were inconsistent with declarations admitted in evidence as dying declarations were admissible; but whether the people could prove declarations by the deceased, made immediately after the wound, when there was no expectation of death, to contradict dying declarations made when the deceased had given up hope of recovery, need not be now determined, as we think that if there was any error in admitting these declarations it was cured by the action of the court in striking out the testimony and expressly directing the jury to disregard it and subsequently submitting the case to the jury without reference to this testimony. The defendant excepted to the admission of the testimony and after its admission moved to strike it out. The court granted that motion. No further request was made in-relation to this evidence by the defendant, and it seems to have been disregarded in the subsequent conduct of the trial. Under those circumstances I do not think the defendant can complain of the admission of the evidence.

We think, therefore, that the question as to the admissibility of this evidence is not presented, and that the defendant was not prejtidiced by the ruling of the court, to which exceptions were taken. There are other exceptions to rulings on questions of evidence; but we do not think any of them well taken or that they require discussion. A careful examination of the whole record has convinced us that the defendant had a fair trial, and that the verdict of the jury is in accordance with the evidence.

The judgment appealed from must be affirmed.

All concur.