Case ID: sw_255/html/0415-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "MORROW, P. J.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

LOVELADY v. STATE.
    (No. 7307.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Oct. 31, 1923.)
    1. Criminal iaw (&wkey;364(4)/ — Evidence held not objectionable under confession statute, but admissible as res gestee.
    Evidence of acts of defendant at the time of his arrest, in connection with a still at which' he was working, and the fact that the liquid ran after the oiBcers arrived, was not inadmissible by reason of the confession statute, but was embraced in the res gestee rule.
    2. Criminal law <&wkey;982 — Intoxicating liquors <S&wkey;227 — Defendant’s reputation as a whisky maker not admissible to prove guilt nor on issue of suspended sentence.
    Reputation of defendant as a whisky maker was not available to prove his guilt of making whisky, nor relevant on the issue of a suspended sentence.
    3. Criminal law <&wkey;982 — Intoxicating liquors <&wkey;227 — General reputation not provable by specific acts, either generally or on issue of suspended sentence.
    Whether on fhe general issue or that arising- under application for suspended sentence, general reputation is not provable by specific acts of misconduct; but such acts are available only on cross-examination to test the memory and accuracy of information of a character witness, and not as original testimony.
    <&wkey;>For other eases see same topic and KEY-NUMBER in all Key-Numbered Digests and Indexes
    ■' Appeal from District Court, Angelina County; L. D. Guinn, Judge.
    Henry Lovelady was convicted of making whisky, and he appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    Fairchild & Redditt of Lufkin, for appellant.
    R. G. Storey, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
   MORROW, P. J.

The conviction is for the unlawful manufacture of intoxicating liquor; punishment fixed at confinement in the penitentiary for one year.

It appears from the state’s evidence that the officers, while watching a still which had been previously discovered, saw the appellant go to it and engage in handling the mash and otherwise preparing to put the still into operation. After a short time, they went to the still and found a fire under it and the liquid boiling. About the time they reached the still, there began to drip from the coil what they called “shimmey,” which, according to the state’s .testimony, was intoxicating. The acts of the appellant at the immediate time of the arrest, in connection with the still, and the fact that the liquid ran after the officers arrived, was not inadmissible by reason of the confession statute, hut was embraced in the res geste rule. Broz v. State, 93 Tex. Cr. R. 137, 245 S. W. 707.

Appellant filed an application for a suspended sentence. On the issue of the suspended sentence, appellant’s mother testified that he had never been convicted of a felony; that she was 70 years of age and lame from paralysis, and could walk only with the aid of crutches; that she and her sister, who was 82 years old and helpless, lived in a rented house; that appellant, her youngest son, was the only one at home and her sole dependence for aid and support.

The first witness for the state was Homer Bell, who described the still and appellant’s connection with it at the time immediately before his arrest. In order to impeach him, by contradictory statements, appellant introduced the witness Davis, a constable, who heard Bell testify at the examining trial. According to the bill of exceptions, Davis, on cross-examination, was asked 'if he knew the appellant’s general reputation in regard to bootlegging and making liquor, to which he replied: “I can only answer in this way; officially, I heard it was bad.” The objection to-this question and answer was overruled. It was not competent to prove as original testimony that the appellant bore the general reputation of a bootlegger or whisky maker. He was on trial for making whisky, dnd his reputation as a whisky maker was hot available to prove his guilt, nor was it relevant upon the issue of a suspended sentence. No peculiarity in the record is revealed which would render the admission of the testimony proper in this particular case. In the case of Burns v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 252 S. W. 508, and in Gothard v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 252 S. W. 508, such evidence has been specifically held improper.

Proof was also heard to the effect that appellant had paid a fine on one occasion for drunkenness and on another for disturbing the peace. The objection to this testimony should have been sustained. They related to specific acts of misconduct, and if we properly comprehend the record, were introduced as original testimony against the reputation of the appellant. Whether on the general issue or that arising under application for suspended sentence, general reputation is not provable by specific acts of misconduct. These are available on cross-examination to test the memory of a character witness and the accuracy of his information, but not as original testimony. The subject is discussed and authorities reviewed at some length and the above rule stated in Johnson v. State, 91 Tex. Cr. R. 588, 241 S. W. 484. Intimations to the contrary in previous cases such as White v. State, 82 Tex. Cr. R. 286, 199 S. W. 1117, and Hollman v. State, 87 Tex. Cr. R. 576, 223 S. W. 206, are modified to accord with the rule stated in Johnson v. State, supra, also Burns v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 252 S. W. 508, and Gothard v. State (Tex. Cr. App.) 252 S. W. 508.

The testimony mentioned in both instances was calculated to prejudice the -appellant’s case upon the issue of suspended sentence.

Because of its receipt, the judgment is reversed, and the cause remanded.