Case ID: nys_38/html/0102-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "SILKMAN, S.", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

(15 Misc. Rep. 659.)
    In re SUTTON.
    (Surrogate’s Court, Westchester County.
    December, 1895.)
    1. Transfer Tax—Equity of Redemption—Conversion.
    - A succession to an equity of redemption in real estate is not subject to the transfer tax, on the theory of an equitable conversion, merely because of a power of sale given the executors by the will.
    2. Same—Mortgages.
    Mortgages on real estate of testator will not be deducted from his personalty in determining the amount of personalty subject to transfer tax.
    Appeal from order of surrogate.
    Proceeding for taxation of the estate of George William Sutton, deceased, under the transfer tax law. From a decree entered on the appraiser’s report, the executors appeal.
    Modified.
    
      Martin S. Smith, for appellants.
    James M. Hunt, for respondent.
   SILKMAN, S.

The decree assessing tax in this matter must be modified in so far as a tax is assessed upon the succession to the equity of redemption in the real estate. The ground upon which such tax was assessed is that such equity of redemption is personalty, under the rule of equitable conversion, and the succession thereto is, therefore, taxable. There is a clear equitable conversion by the terms of testator’s will. Laws providing a system of taxation are to be construed as relating to facts, not legal fictions or equitable rules. Hoyt v. Commissioners, 23 N. Y. 228; In re Romaine, 127 N. Y. 80, 27 N. E. 759. The doctrine of equitable conversion does not apply in all cases. Wilder v. Ranney, 95 N. Y. 7. The property of which the testator died possessed was in fact real estate, and taxable as such. By another equitable rule, the parties in interest, if all sui juris, could, by uniting, take it in place of the proceeds, and a court of equity would, on application, restrain the exercise of the power of sale in the executors, and thus the property might never take on the character of personalty.

The claim of the legatees, that mortgage debts should have been deducted by the appraiser from the amount of the personal property, for the purpose of arriving at the value of the succession, cannot be sustained. The real estate is the primary fund out of which the mortgages are to be paid, and the legatees take only the equity of redemption. Such is the law of this state.

An order may be entered, modifying, as indicated, the decree entered upon the appraiser’s report.

Decreed accordingly.