Case ID: ad_118/html/0499-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Kellogg, J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

International Cheese Company, Respondent, v. Phenix Cheese Company, Appellant.
    Third Department,
    March 13, 1907.
    Injunction to restrain use of trade name — right to name not lost by unauthorized use by others.
    When a manufacturer has established a market for cream cheese under the brand “Philadelphia cream cheese,” the fact that others have attempted to appropriate the trade name without the owner’s consent does not establish any abandonment thereof by him.
    Nor does the fact that such manufacturer sells other brands of cheese together with the Philadelphia cheese, all being put out under a registered trade mark, destroy the right to the specific trade name “ Philadelphia” as applied to one brand of cheese.
    Appeal by the defendant, the Phenix Cheese Company, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Otsego on the 29tli day of March, 1906, upon the decision of the court, rendered after a trial at the Otsego Special Term, adjudging the plaintiff to have an equal right with the defendant to use the word “ Philadelphia” in connection with the manufacture and sale of Philadelphia cream cheese, and restraining the defendant from claiming an exclusive right to use that word.
    
      JRiehard L. Sweezy, for tlie appellant.
    
      Lynn J. Arnold, for the respondent.
   Kellogg, J.:

Cream cheese, as it is now-known, was first prepared and offered for sale by one Lawrence at Chester, H. Y., in the year 1872. It was put upon the market as cream cheese; others began to manufacture the cheese and Mr. Lawrence adopted the trade name of “ Star Brand ” for his product, and other manufacturers made and marketed cream cheese under the trade name World Brand,” “ Globe Brand,” “ Eagle Brand,” “ Clover Brand,” “ White Bose Brand,” and other brands. In 1880 one Beynolds, who was in the cheese business in Hew York, made a contract with Lawrence and another in his locality to furnish him cream cheese with the label and marks upon it “ Philadelphia Cream Cheese,” and they were not. to sell any of their product tinder that name elsewhere. This cheese was not different iii its composition from other cream cheese upon the market. Through different transfers and business arrangements the defendant has succeeded to the business of said Reynolds, and the defendant and its predecessors, ever since 1880, have been procuring and selling, or manufacturing and selling, cream cheese under the name of “ Philadelphia Cream Cheese,” and have extensively advertised it, quoted and caused it to be quoted to trade journals,'and have established an extensive reputation and sale for it.

The plaintiff was incorporated in 1903 and began business, at Cooperstown, N. Y., and began the manufacture and sale of cream cheese, calling its product “ Mohican Brand,” and 'it continued to sell its product under that name until. April, 1905, when certain customers began to call for “Philadelphia Cream Cheese,” and it discovered that there was an established market for cream cheese of that name, and it then began to manufacture and sell a part of its product as “Philadelphia Cream Cheese,” selling' its Mohican brand where it or cream cheese simply was ordered, but if Philadelphia cream cheese was ordered supplying its so-called Philadelphia cream cheese. Prior to the commencement of the action two or three other- manufacturers had attempted to use the word “ Philadelphia ” in connection with their cream cheese, but the defendant-protested against such action, threatened litigation, and the use of the word “Philadelphia” was abandoned by such dealers, and no manufacturers or dealers except the plaintiff and the defendant now use the words “ Philadelphia Cream Cheese,” or have, used it in designating.' their product except as before stated. Immediately upon plaintiff’s beginning to use that word the defendant remonstrated and threatened legal proceedings to enjoin such use and this action was promptly brought.

It appears from the evidence that at various hotels and restaurants in ISTew York,- Philadelphia and other places, upon the bills of ' fare, under the head, of cheese, Philadelphia cream cheese is the only cream cheese mentioned, and where guests order it with the . wrapper upon it, it proves that the cheese is not that brand, but is of the “Star” brand, “ World” brand, or some other brand, and the plaintiff claims that such use of the word “ Philadelphia,” and the fact that in trade journals the Philadelphia cream cheese is quoted, makes the name “Philadelphia” a general name applicable tó cream cheese and not a trade name belonging to the defendant. The findings show that the defendant knew that the words “ Philadelphia Cream Cheese ” were used upon the various bills of fare of hotels and restaurants, but it does not appear that the defendant knew that the cheese supplied upon an order from such bills of fare was not its Philadelphia cream cheese.

It is probably true that there is much more cream cheese sold at retail and by the different hotels and restaurants and to private consumers under the name Philadelphia cream cheese than is actually manufactured by the defendant, but the fact that others have attempted to appropriate the defendant’s trade name because it is valuable does not deprive the defendant of the value which it has given it. It has not consented that its trade name shall be used indiscriminately by jobbers, manufacturers and dealers. The evidence shows that wherever it has known of a violation of its trade name or rights it has interfered and prevented it, and the fact that hotels and restaurants were selling other brands of cheese as Philadelphia cream cheese does not show an intent by defendant to abandon its'trade name or to make it public property.

The defendant makes and sells many other kinds of fancy cheese, and has registered a trade mark “X-L-C-B.,” surrounded by a diamond-shaped outline, with the name “Excelsior” over it, and has that trade mark upon its cream cheese and upon all its various varieties of cheese. But the fact that it has a trade mark used upon and applicable to all of its various products does not destroy its rights to its trade name “Philadelphia,” as applied to its cream cheese.

The judgment appealed from should be reversed upon the law and the facts and a new trial granted, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.

All concurred; Sewell, J., not sitting.

Judgment reversed on law and facts and new trial granted, with costs to appellant to abide event. .