Case ID: kan_94/html/0201-01.html
Source: Caselaw Access Project
Author: {"author": "Johnston, C. J.:", "license": "Public Domain", "url": "https://static.case.law/"}
Date Created: 2024-08-24T03:29:51.129683

No. 19,224.
    Victor Suniga, Appellee, v. The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company, Appellant.
    
    SYLLABUS BY THE COURT.
    1. Negligence — Insufficient Number of Men to Handle Hand Gar — Personal Injuries. The plaintiff, who was an employee of the defendant, suffered an injury while replacing’ a hand car upon the track which he and three others had previously removed. The negligence charged byjffie plaintiff and found by the jury was that defendant failed to furnish a sufficient number of men to handle the car with safety. Held, that the fact that four men had lifted the car from the track and that three men had lifted it at another time under different conditions, does not overthrow the finding in favor of plaintiff; and held further, that there is sufficient evidence to support the finding.
    2. Same — Assumption of Risk. To preclude a recovery on the ground of the assumption of risk, the plaintiff must not only have knowledge of the existing conditions, but he must have realized and appreciated the assumed danger resulting from the conditions; and it is further held that the finding of the jury that the plaintiff only partly realized the danger of the undertaking is supported by the evidence.
    Appeal from Sedgwick district court, division No. 1; Thomas C. Wilson, judge.
    Opinion filed February 6, 1915.
    Affirmed.
    
      William B. Smith, Owen J. Wood, Alfred A. Scott, and Harlow Hurley, all of Topeka, for the appellant.
    
      Clyde E. Souders, and Otto B. Souders, both of Wichita, for the appellee.
   The opinion of the court was delivered by

Johnston, C. J.:

Victor Suniga recovered a judgment against The Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company for damages for personal injuries alleged to have been caused by the carelessness and negligence of the company and its servants. It appears that the plaintiff was in the employ of the defendant as a section hand, and on April 24, 1913, was engaged, with others, in handling a loaded hand car over the track of the defendant. The car was removed from the track to permit a train to pass, and in replacing the car, after the passing of the train, the car was thrown upon plaintiff and he was severely injured. Plaintiff alleged that the hand car was heavily loaded with planks and tools, that four men besides himself were lifting the car, that notwithstanding suggestions by the workmen that part' of the load be removed from the car and that they proceed slowly the foreman in charge insisted that no part of the load be removed and, with violent oaths, ordered that they hurry in replacing the car. Plaintiff alleged that there was an insufficient number of workmen engaged in replacing the car, and that because of this and the haste required by the foreman he was shoved down and the car pushed upon him. He alleged that the resulting injury had rendered him unfit to ever again do manual labor requiring strength, and that he had been compelled to employ physicians at considerable expense, and for these and for the pain and suffering endured he asked a recovery. Defendant, in its answer, denied generally the allegations of plaintiff and set up as defenses assumption of risk and contributory negligence. The trial resulted in a verdict in favor of plaintiff, in which he was awarded $500, and the jury returned special findings to the effect that plaintiff’s injuries were caused by the failure of the defendant to furnish a sufficient number of men to safely handle the ca'r, that the danger of handling the car by an insufficient number of men was only partly realized by the plaintiff, and that complaint of this lack had been made by him to the foreman. There was also a finding that after the injury three men lifted the car back upon the rails.

It is first contended that the evidence does not sustain the finding that a sufficient number of men to safely place the car back on the track were not furnished. It appears that four men lifted the car off the track and that after the plaintiff was hurt three men lifted it upon the rails. There was a grade at the place where the car was removed from the track and hence it was easier for the four men to carry it down the grade than it was for them to lift it up the grade and upon the track. Even if the place had been level and the four men had succeeded in lifting the car and the load off the track it would not necessarily follow that four men were a sufficient force to handle the car under ordinary circumstances. Men can not always lift their utmost or exercise the full measure of their physical strength with safety. Neither is the finding that three men placed the car on the rails absolutely inconsistent with the one that enough men for the required task were not provided. The car and load had been lifted up the grade and upon the track before the three men undertook to lift it upon the rails. In the nature of things that was a much easier task than to carry the load up the grade, and even the effort of the three men to lift it upon the rails may have required an extraordinary exertion of strength which could not be repeated with safety.

There is a further contention that the plaintiff was well acquainted with the nature of the work, the number of men engaged with him; that he was necessarily cognizant of the risk of doing the work with four men, and therefore that he must be deemed to have assumed the risk. Some stress is placed upon the finding that he partly realized the danger of the situation and of the work as it was conducted. To bar him from a recovery on this ground he must not only have known of the existing situation and conditions but he must also have realized and appreciated the danger of continuing the work. (Tecza v. Sulzberger & Sons Co., 92 Kan. 97, 100, 140 Pac. 105.) The finding-implies that he did not fully realize the danger of the undertaking; besides, the conditions were not continuous and uniform, and he could not well measure the weight or realize the risk in handling a car carrying loads of varying weights. On this occasion there were on the car planks and tools which added appreciably to the weight of the load. The difference in the place where the lifting was to be done, including the grade, added another element to the problem. Then there was the fact that the plaintiff had little time to measure the weight or consider the risk. In lifting the car off the track the plaintiff discovered that with the planks on the car the load would be too heavy for them to lift it from the lower to the higher place, and he, as well as those with him, suggested that the load be lightened by taking off the planks that were on the car. The foreman, however, in a peremptory order accompanied by an oath directed them to lift the car at once with the planks and tools on it. Under these circumstances there was little time or opportunity for the plaintiff to decide whether the car, loaded as it was with planks and tools, could be safely carried up the grade by four men. The notice as well as the time for reflection was short, and therefore the jury had some ground for finding that the plaintiff did not fully realize the danger which he encountered in the effort to obey the order. Under the testimony and findings it can not be held that a recovery is barred because of the assumption of risk by the plaintiff.

The judgment of the district court is affirmed.