cross-encoder-testing/ultrabert-150m-reranker-test

UltraBERT-150M reranker MS MARCO

This is a Cross Encoder model finetuned from dmis-lab/UltraBERT-150M on the parquet dataset using the sentence-transformers library. It computes scores for pairs of texts, which can be used for text reranking and semantic search.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Cross Encoder
• Base model: dmis-lab/UltraBERT-150M
• Maximum Sequence Length: 291 tokens
• Number of Output Labels: 1 label
• Supported Modality: Text
• Training Dataset:
  • parquet
• Language: en
• License: apache-2.0

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Documentation: Cross Encoder Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Cross Encoders on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

CrossEncoder(
  (0): Transformer({'transformer_task': 'sequence-classification', 'modality_config': {'text': {'method': 'forward', 'method_output_name': 'logits'}}, 'module_output_name': 'scores', 'architecture': 'UltrabertForSequenceClassification'})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = CrossEncoder("tomaarsen/ultrabert-150m-reranker-msmarco524k-3e-5-20261014")
# Get scores for pairs of inputs
pairs = [
    ['how much does david cameron earn', "OK-So definitively David Cameron who is the current British Prime Minister earns £142,500 per year. Recently the Civil Service disclosed the salary's of all of the Cabinet members who earn over £150,000. David Cameron's £142,500 was used as a bench mark for this."],
    ['how much does david cameron earn', 'Celebrities wealth, income, and salary in 2016, 2017. Cameron Dallas. Handsome Vine star Cameron Dallas earned his first million before he was 20 years old. His current net worth is approximately $1.2 million as of 2017 and although he never admitted having any official girlfriend, we know the names of last two girls he was dating.'],
    ['distance from the island of palms to downtown charleston, sc', 'Distance, Gas Consumption and Emission Notes. Distance from Isle of Palms, SC to Charleston, SC is 18Miles or 29 Km. You can get this distance about 39 mins. If you want to planning travel with plane for 13 Miles or 20 Km, You can get this distance about 31 mins . A car with an average MPG will needs 0.83 gallons of gas to get the route between these points. The estimated cost of gas to get between Isle of Palms, SC and Charleston, SC is $1.88. During the route, an average car will release 16.26 pounds of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Your carbon footprint is 0.9 pounds of CO 2 per mile.'],
    ['distance from the island of palms to downtown charleston, sc', 'Once youâ\x80\x99ve done your obligatory sunbathing and beachcombing at the Isle of Palms County Park Beach, head to nearby Charleston, a 30-minute drive away, which has historic sites, landmarks, shopping districts, golf courses and family attractions like The South Carolina Aquarium and Fountain Walk, a new dining, entertainment and shopping complex nearby.'],
    ['how much does nicu cost per day', 'According to a 2010 article in Managed Care Magazine, the average cost for infants in NICU is around $3,000 per day. This average does not include surgeries or helicopter transports.'],
]
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores)
# [ 6.9062 -3.8906  5.9688 -2.3438  4.4375]

# Or rank different texts based on similarity to a single text
ranks = model.rank(
    'how much does david cameron earn',
    [
        "OK-So definitively David Cameron who is the current British Prime Minister earns £142,500 per year. Recently the Civil Service disclosed the salary's of all of the Cabinet members who earn over £150,000. David Cameron's £142,500 was used as a bench mark for this.",
        'Celebrities wealth, income, and salary in 2016, 2017. Cameron Dallas. Handsome Vine star Cameron Dallas earned his first million before he was 20 years old. His current net worth is approximately $1.2 million as of 2017 and although he never admitted having any official girlfriend, we know the names of last two girls he was dating.',
        'Distance, Gas Consumption and Emission Notes. Distance from Isle of Palms, SC to Charleston, SC is 18Miles or 29 Km. You can get this distance about 39 mins. If you want to planning travel with plane for 13 Miles or 20 Km, You can get this distance about 31 mins . A car with an average MPG will needs 0.83 gallons of gas to get the route between these points. The estimated cost of gas to get between Isle of Palms, SC and Charleston, SC is $1.88. During the route, an average car will release 16.26 pounds of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Your carbon footprint is 0.9 pounds of CO 2 per mile.',
        'Once youâ\x80\x99ve done your obligatory sunbathing and beachcombing at the Isle of Palms County Park Beach, head to nearby Charleston, a 30-minute drive away, which has historic sites, landmarks, shopping districts, golf courses and family attractions like The South Carolina Aquarium and Fountain Walk, a new dining, entertainment and shopping complex nearby.',
        'According to a 2010 article in Managed Care Magazine, the average cost for infants in NICU is around $3,000 per day. This average does not include surgeries or helicopter transports.',
    ]
)
# [{'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, {'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, ...]

Training Details

Training Dataset

parquet

• Dataset: parquet
• Size: 1,048,576 training samples
• Columns: query, passage, and label
• Approximate statistics based on the first 100 samples:

  	query	passage	label
  type	string	string	float
  modality	text	text
  details	min: 4 tokens mean: 8.23 tokens max: 15 tokens	min: 30 tokens mean: 88.86 tokens max: 206 tokens	min: 0.0 mean: 0.5 max: 1.0

• Samples:

  query	passage	label
  how much does david cameron earn	OK-So definitively David Cameron who is the current British Prime Minister earns £142,500 per year. Recently the Civil Service disclosed the salary's of all of the Cabinet members who earn over £150,000. David Cameron's £142,500 was used as a bench mark for this.	1.0
  how much does david cameron earn	Celebrities wealth, income, and salary in 2016, 2017. Cameron Dallas. Handsome Vine star Cameron Dallas earned his first million before he was 20 years old. His current net worth is approximately $1.2 million as of 2017 and although he never admitted having any official girlfriend, we know the names of last two girls he was dating.	0.0
  distance from the island of palms to downtown charleston, sc	Distance, Gas Consumption and Emission Notes. Distance from Isle of Palms, SC to Charleston, SC is 18Miles or 29 Km. You can get this distance about 39 mins. If you want to planning travel with plane for 13 Miles or 20 Km, You can get this distance about 31 mins . A car with an average MPG will needs 0.83 gallons of gas to get the route between these points. The estimated cost of gas to get between Isle of Palms, SC and Charleston, SC is $1.88. During the route, an average car will release 16.26 pounds of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Your carbon footprint is 0.9 pounds of CO 2 per mile.	1.0

• Loss: BinaryCrossEntropyLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "activation_fn": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity",
      "pos_weight": 1.0
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• num_train_epochs: 1
• learning_rate: 3e-05
• warmup_steps: 0.05
• optim: adamw_torch
• weight_decay: 0.01
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 4
• bf16: True
• tf32: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: False
• disable_tqdm: True
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 32
• push_to_hub: True
• hub_private_repo: False
• hub_model_id: tomaarsen/ultrabert-150m-reranker-msmarco524k-3e-5-20261014
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• seed: 12
• data_seed: 12
• dataloader_num_workers: 2

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• per_device_train_batch_size: 32
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• learning_rate: 3e-05
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: None
• warmup_steps: 0.05
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• weight_decay: 0.01
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• optim_target_modules: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 4
• average_tokens_across_devices: True
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• bf16: True
• fp16: False
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: True
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• use_liger_kernel: False
• liger_kernel_config: None
• use_cache: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: no
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• disable_tqdm: True
• project: huggingface
• trackio_space_id: None
• trackio_bucket_id: None
• trackio_static_space_id: None
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 32
• prediction_loss_only: True
• eval_on_start: False
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• include_for_metrics: []
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• save_only_model: False
• save_on_each_node: False
• enable_jit_checkpoint: False
• push_to_hub: True
• hub_private_repo: False
• hub_model_id: tomaarsen/ultrabert-150m-reranker-msmarco524k-3e-5-20261014
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_always_push: False
• hub_revision: None
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• ignore_data_skip: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• full_determinism: False
• seed: 12
• data_seed: 12
• use_cpu: False
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• parallelism_config: None
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 2
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• dataloader_multiprocessing_context: None
• dataloader_in_order: True
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• train_sampling_strategy: random
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• ddp_static_graph: None
• ddp_backend: None
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• fsdp: None
• fsdp_config: None
• deepspeed: None
• debug: []
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• do_predict: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• local_rank: -1
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
• router_mapping: {}
• learning_rate_mapping: {}
• warmup_ratio: None

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss
0.0001	1	1.1699
0.0122	100	0.7252
0.0244	200	0.3373
0.0366	300	0.3011
0.0488	400	0.3020
0.0610	500	0.2891
0.0625	512	-
0.0732	600	0.2700
0.0854	700	0.2660
0.0977	800	0.2738
0.1099	900	0.2579
0.1221	1000	0.2588
0.125	1024	-
0.1343	1100	0.2357
0.1465	1200	0.2382
0.1587	1300	0.2344
0.1709	1400	0.2334
0.1831	1500	0.2306
0.1875	1536	-
0.1953	1600	0.2278
0.2075	1700	0.2283
0.2197	1800	0.2183
0.2319	1900	0.2187
0.2441	2000	0.2115
0.25	2048	-
0.2563	2100	0.2069
0.2686	2200	0.2073
0.2808	2300	0.2072
0.2930	2400	0.2138
0.3052	2500	0.2062
0.3125	2560	-
0.3174	2600	0.2042
0.3296	2700	0.2034
0.3418	2800	0.1919
0.3540	2900	0.1980
0.3662	3000	0.1999
0.375	3072	-
0.3784	3100	0.1951
0.3906	3200	0.1949
0.4028	3300	0.2005
0.4150	3400	0.1909
0.4272	3500	0.1816
0.4375	3584	-
0.4395	3600	0.1890
0.4517	3700	0.1866
0.4639	3800	0.1868
0.4761	3900	0.1792
0.4883	4000	0.1803
0.5	4096	-
0.5005	4100	0.1794
0.5127	4200	0.1795
0.5249	4300	0.1751
0.5371	4400	0.1829
0.5493	4500	0.1716
0.5615	4600	0.1632
0.5625	4608	-
0.5737	4700	0.1773
0.5859	4800	0.1659
0.5981	4900	0.1636
0.6104	5000	0.1716
0.6226	5100	0.1654
0.625	5120	-
0.6348	5200	0.1679
0.6470	5300	0.1654
0.6592	5400	0.1671
0.6714	5500	0.1579
0.6836	5600	0.1579
0.6875	5632	-
0.6958	5700	0.1577
0.7080	5800	0.1509
0.7202	5900	0.1551
0.7324	6000	0.1528
0.7446	6100	0.1553
0.75	6144	-
0.7568	6200	0.1512
0.7690	6300	0.1464
0.7812	6400	0.1461
0.7935	6500	0.1431
0.8057	6600	0.1456
0.8125	6656	-
0.8179	6700	0.1520
0.8301	6800	0.1416
0.8423	6900	0.1418
0.8545	7000	0.1443
0.8667	7100	0.1418
0.875	7168	-
0.8789	7200	0.1423
0.8911	7300	0.1359
0.9033	7400	0.1385
0.9155	7500	0.1387
0.9277	7600	0.1340
0.9375	7680	-
0.9399	7700	0.1313
0.9521	7800	0.1297
0.9644	7900	0.1354
0.9766	8000	0.1340
0.9888	8100	0.1354
1.0	8192	-

• The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Training Time

• Training: 57.6 minutes
• Evaluation: 3.8 minutes
• Total: 1.0 hours

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.12.12
• Sentence Transformers: 6.2.0.dev0
• Transformers: 5.16.1
• PyTorch: 2.10.0+cu128
• Accelerate: 1.15.0
• Datasets: 5.1.0
• Tokenizers: 0.23.3

Additional Resources

• Training and Finetuning Reranker Models with Sentence Transformers: the end-to-end guide for training or finetuning Cross Encoder (reranker) models.
• Multimodal Embedding & Reranker Models with Sentence Transformers: use text, image, audio, and video reranker models through the same API.
• Training and Finetuning Multimodal Embedding & Reranker Models with Sentence Transformers: training multimodal Cross Encoders.

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

Retrieval scaling experiment

One epoch on 524,288 shared MS MARCO triplets, seed 12, LR 3e-05. Query content is clipped to 32 tokens, passage content to 256, combined cap 291. Checkpoint selected by the original 1,024-query validation set. Test scores do not select checkpoints. Experiment artifacts.