Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:10:p1
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 10 (pt 1/7)
Character Range: 1122914–1125849

10             Glossary
Acceptable daily intake (ADI) is the estimated maximum amount of a chemical expressed on a per kg body mass basis, to which individuals in a population may be exposed daily over their lifetimes without appreciable health risk.
Acceptable risk is a risk management term. The acceptability of risk depends on scientific data, social, economic and political factors, and the perceived benefits arising from exposure to a chemical substance.
Acute exposure is contact between a chemical substance and a target occurring over a short time, generally 14 days or less, with a single or repeated dose. Other terms such as 'short-term exposure' and 'single-dose' are also used.
Adverse effect is change in the morphology, physiology, growth, development, reproduction, or life span of an organism, system, or population that results in an impairment of functional capacity, an impairment of the capacity to compensate for additional stress, or an increase in susceptibility to other influences.
Aliphatic is a hydrocarbon compound that does not contain a benzene ring. Aliphatic compounds may be straight, branched or cyclic chains of carbon atoms. They may include double or triple bonds. Carbon atoms in the chain are also generally bonded to hydrogen atoms but other elements, for example, chlorine, sulphur and nitrogen, can also be present.
Aromatic is a hydrocarbon containing one or more benzene rings.
Background concentrations means the naturally occurring, ambient concentrations of substances in the local area of a site.
Bioaccessibility is the fraction of a contaminant in an exposure medium that is soluble in the relevant physiological milieu (usually the gastrointestinal tract) and available for absorption. Generically, it is the ability for a chemical to come into contact with the absorbing surfaces in an organism. It is related to solubility and dissolution, since absorption usually can only occur from a liquid or gaseous phase and not from a solid phase.
Bioavailability is a generic term defined as the fraction of a contaminant that is absorbed into the body following dermal contact, ingestion or inhalation. It is expressed as the ratio (or percentage) of the absorbed dose (systemic dose) to the administered dose.
Cancer is a disease of heritable, somatic mutations affecting cell growth and differentiation; that is, genetic alterations incurred in the first damaged cells are acquired in subsequent cells after cell division within the same individual.
Cancer slope factor (CSF) is the plausible upper-bound estimate of the probability of a response per unit of intake of a chemical substance over a lifetime.
Carcinogen is a cancer-causing chemical substance/agent.
Chemical of potential concern (COPC) is a chemical substance that is potentially site-related and whose data is of sufficient quality to be judged as potentially causing an adverse health effect.
Chemical substance means