Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p113
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 113/276)
Character Range: 453477–456485

Norfolk Island Group is likely to provide additional opportunities for nature-based tourism, though these will need to be carefully managed to avoid unintended impacts on the environment. Delivery of the actions in the plan may also create opportunities for direct employment through fieldwork activities and possibly through local construction of equipment and other infrastructure.
Options for funding or subsidising protection of orchards from Norfolk Island green parrots should be explored, as should programs to provide financial incentives for maintaining and restoring native vegetation. Any decisions about regulation of management of land and animals should be undertaken in consultation with the community, with appropriate advice and support provided. As noted in section 4.7, it will be important to undertake more detailed social and economic research as part of delivering the plan, to identify barriers to and opportunities for achieving sustainable outcomes for biodiversity and people. Appropriate actions should be developed and implemented as the plan is delivered, as part of the ongoing process of evaluation and adaptive management.

5.3         Costs of implementation
This section summarises the methods and results of analysis to assess what it might cost to fully implement this plan. It does not indicate the budget that will be available, and it does not constitute a commitment by any organisation to provide any element of the budget.

5.3.1        Development of cost models

Overview
For effective regional conservation planning, there is a need to develop improved, consistent approaches to development of cost models that are applicable across broad landscapes, with clear documentation of assumptions and calculations to enable comparisons across places, actions, and contexts.
An important part of developing this new plan was therefore to develop thorough and systematic cost estimates. This was done by applying a broad-scale systematic costing framework (Yong et al. 2023) to a fine-scale setting for the core components of the plan. This provided a detailed bottom-up five-year budget that is transparent and can be used for planning and prioritisation.
The budget to achieve the targets of the recovery plan was estimated with bottom-up cost models and included the core management programs and actions (together with a series of contingency costs to address potential biosecurity issues on Phillip Island). Knowledge of conservation practitioners on Norfolk Island and published literature was used to parameterise each model, estimating the implementation cost of each program across management areas. The methods used were adapted from those of Yong et al. (2023) and involved a four-step process to estimate the costs of each management program. While the targets outlined earlier in the plan have a ten-year horizon, the timeframe for estimating costs was five years.
The first step was to define each management program (hereafter, MP) and its target, based on