Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696:body:0:p68
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 253161–256165

separation standards apply equally to runway operations or to a strip having a single landing and take-off path.

10.13.1.4     When take-off or landing separation is based on the position of a preceding landing or taxiing aircraft and visual determination is limited, particularly at night or in reduced visibility, by poor azimuth resolution or other factors, the pilot of that aircraft must be instructed to report when the aircraft has:

(a)         crossed and is clear of a runway intersection; or

(b)         stopped short of a runway strip; or

(c)          vacated the runway.

10.13.1.5     As local circumstances such as aerodrome configuration and day/night visibility conditions may restrict controller visibility, unit Instructions must specify when mandatory confirmation of position is required from the pilot.

10.13.2         Arriving Aircraft and an Aircraft Taking Off

10.13.2.1     Lateral separation is considered to exist between an arriving aircraft that subsequently commenced final approach, and a departing aircraft that has been cleared on a segregated flight path.

10.13.2.2     For this purpose, a segregated flight path is considered to exist when the departing aircraft will not be manoeuvring within 45 degrees either side of the reciprocal of the final approach path while the arriving aircraft is on the final approach track.

10.13.2.3     Except as specified in subsections 10.13.2.4 and 10.13.2.5, take-offs must not be permitted after an arriving aircraft has commenced final approach until:

(a)         it is sighted by the tower controller and reasonable assurance exists that a landing can be accomplished; or

(b)         separation standards can be applied between an arriving aircraft which misses its approach and an aircraft desiring take-off clearance.

10.13.2.4     When the take-off direction differs by at least 45 degrees from the reciprocal of a straight-in final approach, a departing aircraft may commence take-off before an arriving aircraft on final approach passes a point 5 NM from the landing threshold as determined by 1 of the following:

(a)         ATS surveillance system;

(b)         GNSS report;

(c)          DME report adjusted for the distance between the landing threshold in use and the DME site.

10.13.2.5     In the application of this standard, the controller must estimate that the required separation will exist at the time the take-off is commenced, and ATS surveillance system observation or DME report must be used to confirm that separation is not infringed.

10.13.2.6     For subsections 10.13.2.3 and 10.13.2.4, when an ATS surveillance system suitable for 3 NM separation is used to determine aircraft position, the controller must ensure that an arriving aircraft is not closer than 3 NM from the landing threshold at the time a departing aircraft:

(a)         commences take-off on the runway to be used by the landing aircraft; or

(b)         crosses the intersection of the runway to be used by the landing