Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891:body:0:p30
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 92891–95858

in the bays
off KAVHA. The Norfolk Island pine on Point Hunter, a group near Chimney Hill, one at Government
House and some White Oaks near Tributary Creek may predate European settlement.

3.4.3 Natural Species

Significant natural species recorded within the KAVHA site include the rare coastal native plant Euphorbia
obliqua and the endemic Senecio hooglandii, found in the Point Hunter Reserve. Other significant species
include freshwater shrimp, the Short-finned and Long-finned Eel, seabirds including the Wedge-tailed
Shearwater, several species of native terrestrial birds such as the White-faced Heron and Sacred
Kingfisher, and migratory waders such as the Ruddy Turnstone, Pacific Golden Plover, Bar-tailed Godwit
and, occasionally, the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper.®

Norfolk Island has a diverse land snail fauna. Nine species of land snail were recorded within Kingston
Common in 1997. One of the nine species recorded is rare and confined to a single rocky outcrop.

Within the Cemetery Reserve, the key natural features are copses of Melky Tree and White Oak, sand
dune vegetation (particularly Calystegia), and fossil deposits and remains.

Watermill and Town Creeks feature freshwater marsh and wetland habitats. The freshwater marsh
provides habitat for the endemic freshwater shrimp and other native and endemic aquatic fauna, including
wetland birds. The Kingston wetland is unique within reserves on Norfolk Island and important for native
wetland species such as the Tarler Bird.

3 Point Hunter Reserve, Draft Plan of Management, Part B, p 10.

Section 3: The Place

Authorised Version F2016L01891 registered 09/12/2016

Jean Rice Architect | CONTEXT | GML Heritage

3.4.4 Introduced Species

There are a number of introduced species within the KAVHA site and reserves. These include chickens,
geese, pigeons and Mallard ducks. Feral cats and rats are present. The destructive army worm (which
may be a native species based on King's description of damage to crops in the First (Colonial) Settlement
period) has affected the grass cover within the KAVHA site public reserves.

Grazing stock is recognised as a significant feature of the cultural landscape, but contributes to ongoing
land management issues such as erosion through overgrazing. Grazing also impacts on archaeological
resources, natural vegetation and water quality.

Woody weeds such as Lantana, African Olive, Red Guava and Hakea are apparent on the hills and within
some public reserve lands. Thistles, Hawaiian Holly, Wild Tobacco and Poison Bush occur in the bank of
the Watermill Creek channel.

Root fungus (Phellinus noxius) has affected several mature Norfolk Island pines and White Oaks within
the Government House Reserve.

Marram grass, though not native to Norfolk Island, plays an important role in dune stabilisation. It is likely
to have been introduced to the KAVHA site to stabilise the foreshore after sand mining at Emily Bay and
Cemetery Beach.

3.4.5 Polynesian