Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2012C00283:reg:7:p7
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2012C00283
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 7 (pt 7/51)
Character Range: 522474–525388

the driver of the vehicle in the event of a malfunction of any emission-related component connected to the OBD system, or the OBD system itself.
              2.6. "Malfunction" means the failure of an emission-related component or system that would result in emissions exceeding the limits in paragraph 3.3.2. or if the OBD system is unable to fulfil the basic monitoring requirements of this annex.
              2.7. "Secondary air" refers to air introduced into the exhaust system by means of a pump or aspirator valve or other means that is intended to aid in the oxidation of HC and CO contained in the exhaust gas stream.
              2.8. "Engine misfire" means lack of combustion in the cylinder of a positive-ignition engine due to absence of spark, poor fuel metering, poor compression or any other cause. In terms of OBD monitoring it is that percentage of misfires out of a total number of firing events (as declared by the manufacturer) that would result in emissions exceeding the limits given in paragraph 3.3.2. or that percentage that could lead to an exhaust catalyst, or catalysts, overheating causing irreversible damage.
              2.9. "Type I Test" means the driving cycle (Parts One and Two) used for emission approvals, as detailed in  Tables 1 and 2 of Annex 4a.
              2.10. A "driving cycle" consists of engine start-up, driving mode where a malfunction would be detected if present, and engine shut-off.
              2.11. A "warm-up cycle" means sufficient vehicle operation such that the coolant temperature has risen by a least 22 K from engine starting and reaches a minimum temperature of 343 K (70 °C).
              2.12. A "Fuel trim" refers to feedback adjustments to the base fuel schedule. Short-term fuel trim refers to dynamic or instantaneous adjustments. Long-term fuel trim refers to much more gradual adjustments to the fuel calibration schedule than short-term trim adjustments. These long-term adjustments compensate for vehicle differences and gradual changes that occur over time.
              2.13. A "Calculated load value" refers to an indication of the current airflow divided by peak airflow, where peak airflow is corrected for altitude, if available. This definition provides a dimensionless number that is not engine specific and provides the service technician with an indication of the proportion of engine capacity that is being used (with wide open throttle as 100 per cent);

              2.14. "Permanent emission default mode" refers to a case where the engine management controller permanently switches to a setting that does not require an input from a failed component or system where such a failed component or system would result in an increase in emissions from the vehicle to a level above the limits given in paragraph 3.3.2. of this annex.
              2.15. "Power take-off unit" means an engine-driven output provision