Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p239
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 239/276)
Character Range: 874701–878394

damage by chickens                                                                                 Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
9. Predation by swamphens                                                                                          Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
10. Predation by Argentine ant                                                                                     Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
11. Competition from/change of habitat because of weed invasion                                                    Likely (51–90%)           Moderate     Medium
12. Infection by pathogens already present                                                                         Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
13. Impacts of potential new invasive species or pathogens                                                         Unlikely (11–25%)         Minor        Low
14. Changes to vegetation, increased fire risk and/or direct physiological stress as a result of climatic changes  Possible (26–50%)         Moderate     Medium
15. Problems caused by small populations, including lack of genetic diversity                                      Likely (51–90%)           Moderate     Medium

Management actions
Undertake propagation and replanting into suitable shaded habitat areas. Implement targeted weed control and maintenance. Implement habitat protection and rehabilitation. Exclude or manage cattle grazing.

Recovery target
The recovery target is shown in Table 136.
Table 136 Recovery target for Pteris zahlbruckneriana
EPBC Act status  Estimated population (2023)  Where known populations occur  2034 target
Endangered       35                           100% within the national park  250

Relevant literature
Braggins JE (1996) Report on the conservation status of the ferns of Norfolk Island. Unpublished report to the Australian Nature Conservation Agency.
de Lange PJ & Murray BG (2003) Chromosome numbers of Norfolk Island endemic plants. Australian Journal of Botany 51, 211–215.
Mills K (2012b) The Flora of Norfolk Island. Report 14. The Endangered Plants in the national park: Field Survey and Review. Kevin Mills & Associates, Jamberoo, NSW.
Orchard A (ed) (1994) Flora of Australia. Vol. 49. Oceanic Islands 1. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
TSSC (Threatened Species Scientific Committee) (2003c) Commonwealth Listing Advice for Norfolk Island Flora – 16 Endangered Species.

Senecio australis—a daisy
Family ASTERACEAE

Conservation significance
Endemic to the Norfolk Island Group. It has recently arrived in New Zealand, where it is known from three small populations comprising a total of 10 or so plants.
EPBC Act Listing Status: Vulnerable.

Description
An erect annual or short-lived perennial growing to 90 cm tall with yellow daisy flowers.

Distribution and abundance
Senecio australis has been recorded from Barney Duffy, Anson Bay, at The Chord at Duncombe Bay, and from the Stool, Phillip Island (Orchard 1994). There were fewer than 500 mature plants recorded in 2003 (TSSC 2003b).
The species was common around the edges of Phillip Island in September 2008, particularly on the southern cliffs (Mills 2009b). It also occurs on Nepean Island (Mills 2009a). It is quite common in some of the public reserves.
The population estimate in 2021 was 1454, including populations in Two Chimneys Reserve (497; Mills 2017g), Anson and Selwyn Reserves (333; Mills 2017d), Cascade Reserve (67; Mills 2017f), Ball Bay Reserve (64; Mills 2017b), Bumbora Reserve (31; Mills 2017a) and Hundred Acres Reserve (26; Mills 2017e).
The distribution is shown in