Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891:body:0:p52
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 150882–153889

remaining government house buildings in
Australia, is positioned prominently on Dove Hill with commanding views of the military precinct, colonial
administration, convict quarters, farmland and the pier. The military precinct on Quality Row contains two extant
barracks complexes: the Old Military Barracks and officers quarters constructed between 1829-1834 surrounded by
high walls giving it an appearance of a military fortress; and the New Military Barracks commenced in 1836 which
follows a similar fortress-like design. The Commissariat Store (now All Saints Church) (1835) is the finest remaining
colonial (pre 1850) military commissariat store in Australia. The Old Military Barracks, together with the
Commissariat Store and the New Military Barracks, form a group of buildings which is the most substantial military
barracks complex in Australia dating from the 1830s. The military complexes are positioned in view of the convict
precinct located closer to the water and at a lower elevation to optimise surveillance. Nine houses in Quality Row
built from 1832-47 provided quarters for military and civil officers.

The archaeological remains of the two convict gaols, the perimeter walls and archaeological remains of the
Prisoners' Barracks (1828-48) with the Protestant Chapel, show the development of penal philosophies with the
original gaol built for barrack type accommodation while the extant remains of the New Prison and its perimeter walls
(1836-40, 1845-57) provides a rare representation of a radial design. The role of harsh labour as punishment is
evident in the archaeological remains of the blacksmith's shop (1846); lumber yard; water mill; the crankmill (1827-
38), the remains of the only known human powered crankmill built in Australia before 1850; the salt house (1847); the
windmill base (1842-43); lime kilns; the landing pier (1839-47) and sea wall, two of the earliest remaining large

scale engineering works in Australia. The possibility of reform is evident in the Protestant and Catholic clergyman's
quarters.

The settlement patterns are evident in the existing street layout and in the buildings along Quality Row which form
the most extensive street of pre 1850 penal buildings in Australia. The functioning of the settlement is evident in the
remains of institutions, buildings and precincts such as the commandant's house; magistrate's quarters; the ruins of
the hospital, built on First Settlement remains (1829); the Surgeon's quarters and kitchen (1827), on the site of a First
Settlement Government House, one of the earliest European dwellings in Australia; the Royal Engineer's office

and stables (1850); the Beach Store, a former commissariat store (1825); a double boat shed (1841); the Police
Office, now boatshed (1828-29); the flaghouse (1840s); Constable's Quarters, partly standing (1850-53); and the
cemetery which has an outstanding collection of headstones and other remains dating from the earliest period of
European settlement, including the