Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p56
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 188955–192998

and IFR and VFR flights;
            3.         when using an aircraft radio:
                   1.          monitor appropriate radio frequency;
                   2.         make appropriate radio calls;
                   3.       obtain operational information from air services provider and other aircraft;
                   4.       use information to ensure aircraft separation is maintained;
                   5.         apply loss of radio communication procedures;
            4.        using a suitable chart:
                   1.          operate clear of active aerodromes and landing areas in the vicinity of the aircraft;
                   2.         identify and remain clear of controlled and restricted airspace;
                   3.       take appropriate action when operating in the vicinity of a danger area;
            5.        perform actions in the event of abnormal operations and emergencies;
            6.          recall transponder emergency code and communication failure code.

 2.                     Range of variables
        1.        activities are performed in accordance with published procedures;
        2.        day VFR conditions;
        3.         Class G airspace;
        4.        simulated or actual abnormal, emergency situations and radio failure.

 3.                     Underpinning knowledge of the following:
Class G airspace.

SECTION 4: AIRCRAFT RATING STANDARDS
AEROPLANE CATEGORY

A1 Control aeroplane on the ground

 1.                     Unit description
This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to operate an aeroplane on the ground.

 1.                     Elements and performance criteria
     1.               A1.1 – Start and stop engine
            1.        perform engine start and after start actions;
            2.        perform engine shutdown and after shutdown actions;
            3.         manage engine start and shutdown malfunctions and emergencies;
            4.        considers ground surface in relation to contamination and propeller care during engine start and stop activities.
     2.               A1.2 – Taxi aeroplane
            1.        use aerodrome or landing area charts to taxi aircraft;
            2.        comply with taxiway and other aerodrome markings, right-of-way rules and ATC or marshalling instructions when applicable;
            3.         perform applicable taxi checks, including the following:
                   1.          brakes and steering function normally and take appropriate action in the event of a malfunction;
                   2.         instruments for correct readings;
                   3.       altimeter setting;
            4.        maintain safe taxi speed and control of the aircraft;
            5.        maintain safe spacing from other aircraft, obstructions, and persons;
            6.          maintain the aircraft on the taxiway centreline;
            7.        avoid causing a hazard to other aircraft, objects or persons;
            8.        correct handling techniques are applied to take into account wind from all 4 quadrants;
            9.          correctly manage the engine during taxi manoeuvres.

 2.                     Range of variables
        1.        activities are performed in accordance with published procedures;
        2.        single-engine aeroplane with propeller;
        3.         aircraft with undercarriage and flaps;
        4.        windsock located on the aerodrome;
        5.        sufficient wind that requires control adjustment (may be simulated);
        6.          hazardous weather (may be simulated);
        7.        day VFR conditions;
        8.        local area operational limitations such as noise abatement and aerodrome curfews (may be simulated).

 3.                     Underpinning knowledge of the following:
        1.        typical single-engine aeroplane aircraft systems;
        2.        differences between normally aspirated and fuel-injected systems;
        3.         carburettor icing;