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and to ensure that any recommended updated or additional values (identified in the commentary in Section 4.4) are acknowledged and appropriately managed (through this HMP).

      4.2   Identifying Heritage Values

   Assessments of heritage value identify whether a place has heritage significance, establish what the heritage values are, and why the place (or an element of a place) is considered important and valuable to the community. Heritage values are embodied in attributes, such as the location, function, form and fabric of a place. Intangible attributes may also be significant, including use, access, traditions, cultural practices, knowledge and the sensory and experiential responses that the place evokes. All attributes need to be considered when assessing a place.

   The Burra Charter: the Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance 2013 (the Burra Charter) and its Guidelines for the Assessment of Cultural Significance recommends that significance is assessed in categories such as aesthetic, historic, technical, scientific and social significance.

   Identifying the many layers of value of heritage—its sites, places, elements and collections—and assessing their relative values through this report provides the knowledge base needed for the framing and implementation of heritage management and conservation policies discussed in Section 6.0.

4.2.1  Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth)

   Section 528 of the EPBC Act defines the 'heritage value' of a place as including the place's natural and cultural environment, having aesthetic, historic, scientific or social significance, or other significance, for current and future generations of Australians. The EPBC Act therefore covers all forms of cultural significance (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) and natural heritage significance.

 The 2004 amendments to the EPBC Act established the Commonwealth and National Heritage Lists. The CHL is for those places owned or controlled by the Commonwealth that have been assessed as having significant heritage values against the criteria established under that Act. Places identified as being of outstanding heritage value for the nation are eligible for inclusion in the NHL. NHL places do not have to be owned by the Commonwealth.

 Section 10.01A and Section 10.03A of the EPBC Regulations define the nine National and Commonwealth Heritage criteria for evaluating, identifying and assessing the Commonwealth or National Heritage values of a place. Note that the only difference between them is the threshold for National Heritage value, which is at an outstanding level of significance.

 The threshold for inclusion in the CHL or NHL is that the place meets one or more of the criteria for 'significant' or 'outstanding' heritage values respectively.

 In addition to the NHL and CHL, the EPBC Act also protects all heritage on Commonwealth land. It also protects heritage outside Commonwealth land, from actions happening on Commonwealth land or by Commonwealth agencies. In accordance with the definition of