Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p261
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 905798–910174

system
(a)           power sources:
(i)             engine driven compressors;
(ii)            bleed air:
(A)          gas turbine compressor;
(B)          turbo charger compressor;
(b)           typical services provided;
(c)           availability of services:
(d)           possibility of limitations under take-off or asymmetric power conditions, or during engine start.
3.4.2              Airconditioning system
(a)           types of systems:
(i)             freon;
(ii)            air cycle machine;
(b)           brief outline of operation of system;
(i)             single zone cabin;
(ii)            multiple zones;
(c)           purpose of/necessity for humidifiers.
3.4.3              Pressurisation system
(a)           terminology:
(i)             cabin altitude, differential pressure;
(b)           brief outline of operation of typical system:
(i)             supply;
(ii)            outflow valves;
(iii)          overpressure and negative pressure relief;
(iv)          control of cabin altitude and rate (no detail of internal mechanism of controller required);
(c)           normal pressurised zones in the aircraft;
(d)           rapid decompression, cabin altitude warning.
3.5                    Ice and rain protection
3.5.1              Distinction between anti-ice and de-ice system.
3.5.2              Pneumatic systems (brief coverage only)
(a)           where used:
(i)             leading edges;
(b)           limitations.
         3.5.3              Thermal ice protection
(a)           where used:
(i)             propellers, flying surfaces, air intakes, pitot and other sensors, windshields;
(b)           methods:
(i)             electrical, air, oil;
(c)           limitations.
3.5.4              Fluid ice protection
(a)           where used:
(i)             inflight leading edge of flying surfaces, propellers, windshield;
(ii)            ground de-icing;
(b)           limitations.
3.5.5              Rain removal from windscreen
(a)           methods:
(i)             wipers;
(ii)            fluid dispersant;
(iii)          air jets.
3.5.6              Effects on aeroplane performance (discussion only)
(a)           ice accumulations;
(b)           use of ice control systems.
3.6                    Fuel system
3.6.1              Carriage of fuel on aircraft
(a)           structural consequences:
(i)             wing bending;
(ii)            zero-fuel weight;
(iii)          CG movement;
(b)           understand suction feed and gravity feed/transfer as backup for pressure feed/transfer.
3.6.2              Operational considerations
(a)           minimum fuel levels:
(i)             pick-up for delivery to engine;
(ii)            maintain oil/hydraulic cooling;
(iii)          effect of aircraft attitude (for example, missed approach);
(b)           fuel jettison:
(i)             legislation;
(ii)            precautions to be observed;
(iii)          minimum fuel after jettison (stand-pipes).

4.                       Power plants – turbine engine
4.1                    Principle of operation
(a)           types of engine:
(i)             differences and advantages:
(ii)            bypass ratio;
(b)           turboprop:
(i)             advantages and limitations/problems.
4.2                    Engine constructions
(a)           intake (subsonic only):
(i)             location on airframe relative to free-stream airflow;
(ii)            location relative to engine (for example, B727 centre engine);
(iii)          vulnerability to icing;
(b)           compressor:
(i)             purpose/function of compressor;
(ii)            centrifugal;
(A)          single/multiple;
(iii)          axial;
(A)          single/twin;
(iv)          inlet guide vanes;
(v)           vulnerability to icing;
(vi)          bleed air provisions;
(vii)        compressor stalling:
(A)          causes, symptoms, avoidance;
(B)          unloading compressor during start;
(c)           fan:
(i)             purpose and function of fan;
(ii)            relationship to compressor;
(iii)          inlet guide vanes;
(iv)          reverse thrust;
(d)           combustion system:
(i)             purpose and function of combustion system;
(ii)            combustion chamber:
(A)          individual;
(B)          annular;
(iii)          fuel injectors;
(iv)          igniters;
(v)           air/fuel ratios;
(e)           turbine:
(i)