Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2017L00641:body:0:p43
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2017L00641
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Character Range: 129507–132638

Australia, coastal ranger groups span the coast from Cambridge Gulf to Eighty Mile Beach and have been involved in management and monitoring, including the removal of noxious weeds on beaches and satellite tagging of turtles.
In the Torres Strait, the Land and Sea Rangers of the Torres Strait Regional Authority work on several aspects of turtle monitoring, conservation and research. In Queensland, several Traditional Owner groups within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park have voluntarily developed, or are developing, Traditional Use of Marine Resources Agreements with the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority that include management of marine turtles.
There are also many other community-based programs aimed at conserving marine turtles, including clean-up programs and rehabilitation programs, as well as community run monitoring and education programs.
Industry groups contribute to the management of some marine turtle stocks through Commonwealth or state/territory environmental approval conditions or environmental offsets. For example, the Northwest Shelf Flatback Turtle Conservation Program, which is administered by the West Australian Government and funded by the Gorgon Joint Venturers, increases the conservation, protection and research on flatback turtles in Western Australia.
Collaborations between governments, industry and Indigenous land owners are aimed at conserving and managing marine turtle stocks that are at high risk of extinction. For example, the Raine Island Recovery Project is a collaboration with the Queensland Government, BHP Billiton, Traditional Owners, the Australian Government, and the Great Barrier Reef Foundation.
In addition to existing management actions, there are a number of research and development advancements that have directly led to improved protection of marine turtles in Australian waters. Research is undertaken by government agencies, research institutions, non-government organisations and community groups.

4.4 Threat prioritisation
Each of the threats outlined above has been assessed using a risk matrix approach. The risk assessment was applied to each recognised stock and was used to evaluate the likelihood of a threat occurring and the consequences of that threat for the stock (see Appendix B for individual stock risk assessments). The outcome of this process is summarised in Table 8.
Threat risk assessments were undertaken for each stock separately to account for the differences in exposure to threats and the stock's ability to withstand impacts. Threats were considered in terms of the life stage they affect and the duration of the threat. Threats were also considered in the context of the current management regimes in place. The impact of that threat has been assessed assuming that existing management measures continue to be applied appropriately. The threat is then considered, taking into account:
    a)      knowledge of effectiveness of the mitigation/management measure
    b)      the coverage of the mitigation/management measure
    c)      the scope of the mitigation/management measure.
The risk matrix and ranking of threats