Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2007B00385:body:0:p22
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2007B00385
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 61382–64291

be surveyed simultaneously.

For each 2km2 sector, the following land features be selected on different survey visits:
a. Coastal 2km2 areas:
 -  Ecotone of terrace rainforest and coastal vegetation or shoreline.
 -  Terrace rainforest on ecotone with inland cliffs and scree slopes.
 -  Primary rainforest on ecotone with inland cliffs and scree slopes.

b.  Inland 2km2 areas:
 -  Primary rainforest with rock outcropping.
 -  Primary rainforest without rock outcropping.

The location of each site must be permanently marked and accurate coordinates recorded using a GPS to enable revisits.

Survey Timing and Duration:
Where possible, survey visits to be timed to coincide with reduced land crab activity (e.g. Robber Crab moulting period in March/April). Each site to be sampled for seven consecutive days, which is longer than normally necessary to reach asymptotes in species accumulation curves for small insectivores, such as shrews (after Goodman & Jenkins 1998).

Survey Techniques:
Survey techniques typically used to detect and capture shrews are pitfall trapping and live trapping using a variety of trap designs, such as Sherman, Longworth and Elliott traps.  Standard techniques are difficult to use on the island due to the problem of crab interference.  All survey methods must take crab interference into consideration.

Survey techniques listed below are to be used at all standard sites selected. Additionally, the consultant must have the option to use an adaptive survey strategy trialling new techniques or modifications to the following listed techniques. Additional strategies could include the use of waterproofed infra-red video camera systems at permanent feeding stations, both on the ground and in the canopy (e.g. following the field-tested design of Ross Meggs; Faunatech, P.O. Box 1655, Bairnsdale, Victoria, 3875; goodgear@faunatech.com.au); automated playback that would enable sampling a number of localities simultaneously; and use of shrew pheromone from SE Asian shrews as an attractant. Where time permits, opportunistic sampling using the standard survey techniques listed below at additional locations is to be encouraged.

1.  Pitfall Trapping
Pitfall trapping is a common technique for locating Crocidurine shrews in the Northern Hemisphere and Asia. Lister (1888) recorded the capture of three individuals in pitfall traps on the island, but did not specify the nature of the traps used. Meek (2000) used pitfall traplines (12 pits along a 25 m line; diameter 250 mm and 80 mm) at three sites in the Dales - Winifred Beach area. Rolls of rigid underground powerline cable cover (300 mm X 4 mm) were used as a drift fence. Segments of PVC tubing (100 mm X 40 mm) were placed at the bottom of pits to act as refuge sites for captured animals from Robber Crab predation.

Establish ten pitfall traps of PVC tubing (maximum diameter: 80mm, minimum depth: 250mm, each