Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775:reg:18:p112
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 18 (pt 112/152)
Character Range: 348130–351031

have an adverse impact on food sources and breeding habitat.

Recommended Management Actions
        Quantify the breeding population in Australia

        Regularly monitor breeding populations at index locations

        Determine non-breeding areas and migration routes

        Control, or eradicate invasive species on breeding islands

      Implement best practice quarantine measures at breeding colonies to reduce the risk of any invasive species (re)establishing on islands

Wildlife Conservation Plan for Seabirds 149
 Species profiles

 Crested Tern (Thalasseus bergii)

  Life History and Distribution
The Crested Tern (Thalasseus bergii) is a large slender tern with long narrow strongly angled wings, long deeply forked tail and a long decurved bill and long legs. At all ages the combination of large size, shaggy crest and yellow bill make the species diagnostic. The species can be found on islands and coastlines of tropical and subtropical areas, ranging from the Atlantic Coast of South Africa, south around the Cape and continuing along the coast of Africa and Asia almost without break to south-east Asia and Australia. It can also be found on Madagascar, islands of the western Indian Ocean and islands of the western and central Pacific Ocean. Outside the breeding season it can be found at sea throughout this range, with the exception of the central Indian Ocean (del Hoyo et al. 1996).

  Many populations remain sedentary in their breeding areas or disperse locally
  (del Hoyo et al. 1996), although some are more migratory (Urban et al. 1986).
  The species breeds in large dense colonies, or in small groups of fewer than 10 pairs
  amidst colonies of other species (e.g. Silver Gull Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae)
  (del Hoyo et al. 1996). The nest is a shallow scrape in bare sand, rock or coral (del Hoyo et
  al. 1996) in flat open sites (Urban et al. 1986) on offshore islands (Urban et al. 1986,
  del Hoyo et al. 1996), low-lying coral reefs, sandy or rocky coastal islets, coastal
  spits, lagoon mudflats (del Hoyo et al. 1996) or islets in saltpans and sewage works
  (Urban et al. 1986, del Hoyo et al. 1996).

  Population Estimates and Trends
The global population is estimated to number 150,000–1,100,000 individuals (Delany and Scott 2006). The overall population trend is stable, although some populations have unknown trends (Delany and Scott 2006). Significant breeding populations occur in the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea Marine Park islands. The Australian population estimate and trends are unknown.

  Conservation Concerns and Actions
  The species is vulnerable to human disturbance, which may cause the flushing of adult birds allowing increased egg predation by gulls (del Hoyo et al. 2019) and colony abandonment. It is possible that, in the future, the effects of climate change could have an adverse impact on food