Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p309
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1076286–1079825

stronger/weaker);
(c)           stability and turbulence;
(d)           cloud type and approximate amount, precipitation.
2.8                    Flight considerations
2.8.1              With respect to the phenomena listed below in subclause 2.8.2, do the following:
(a)           state the conditions that are favourable to the development of the phenomenon and, where applicable, its dispersal;
(b)           recognise signs which may indicate the presence of each phenomenon;
(c)           describe the effect of the phenomenon on flight characteristics;
(d)           where applicable, state the pilot actions required to minimise the effect of the phenomenon on an aircraft in flight.
2.8.2              The following is a list of meteorological phenomena that is for the purposes of subclause 2.8.1:
(i)             thermals, turbulence;
(ii)            dust devils and dust storms;
(iii)          wind gradient, wind shear and low-level jetstreams;
(iv)          anabatic and katabatic winds;
(v)           mountain waves and fohn winds;
(vi)          land and sea breezes;
(vii)        inversions and fog;
(viii)       thunderstorms and microbursts;
(ix)          downdrafts associated with terrain/cloud;
(x)           atmospheric stability and instability;
(xi)          hoar frost, rime, and clear airframe ice;
(xii)        tropical cyclones, tornadoes.
2.9                    Synoptic meteorology
2.9.1              Given a MSL analysis chart, identify:
(a)           high and low pressure systems; and
(b)           a trough, a ridge, a col; and
(c)           warm, cold and occluded fronts; and
(d)           a tropical cyclone; and
(e)           approximate wind direction.
2.9.2              Describe typical weather characteristics associated with the items listed in 2.9.1 (a) and (b) above in the following terms:
(a)           approximate wind direction;
(b)           moisture content (dry or humid);
(c)           cloud: stratiform and cumuliform;
(d)           clear skies;
(e)           turbulent or smooth air;
(f)             good or poor visibility.
2.10                Weather services
2.10.1          For given locations, determine from CASA documents the availability of aviation forecasts, meteorological reports and weather briefing and state the method of obtaining this information.
2.10.2          State/select the conditions under which it is mandatory to obtain a forecast.
2.10.3          For information contained in an ARFOR, TAF, TTF, METAR, SPECI, AIRMET or SIGMET, do the following:
(a)           explain the coded information in plain language;
(b)           decide whether a particular forecast is valid for a flight;
(c)           apply the information to planning and conducting a flight.
2.10.4          Given a typical weather briefing, evaluate weather information applicable to a flight, and:
(a)           assess likely changes (both improving and deteriorating) in weather during the flight; and
(b)           list phenomena which may adversely affect the flight.
2.10.5          List the conditions that require a pilot to submit a short AIREP.
2.10.6          State the purpose of VOLMET and ATIS broadcasts indicate how this information is obtained and apply this information to practical scenarios.
2.10.7          State what is meant by a Hazard Alert service.
2.11                Climatology
2.11.1          Describe typical seasonal weather conditions in different regions of Australia with reference to:
(a)           visibility (good/poor); and
(b)           prevailing winds;