Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p163
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 163/276)
Character Range: 612520–615435

as they nest below the cliff edge. On Phillip Island complete reforestation would render the internal parts of the island unavailable for nesting and increase predation of unattended nestlings by purple swamphen.

Impact on other species
Excludes Kermadec petrel from nest sites on Phillip Island, which has led to failed nesting attempts for the petrel (Carlile & O'Dwyer 2023).

Management actions
Protect nesting areas on Norfolk Island from disturbance by rats and cats. Continue the control of swamphens on Phillip Island. Retain status of pest-free Phillip Island through detection monitoring for introduced vertebrates and invertebrates.

Relevant literature
Carlile N & O'Dwyer T (2018) NI2016–26 Report to the Director national parks and Manager Norfolk Island National Park. Office of Environment and Heritage NSW.
Christian M (2005) Norfolk Island … the birds. Green Eyes Publications, Norfolk Island.
Garnett ST & Crowley GM (2000) The Action Plan for Australian Birds. Environment Australia, Canberra.
Garnett ST, Szabo J & Dutson G (2011) The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
Priddel D, Carlile N, Evans O, Evans B & McCoy H (2010) A review of the seabirds of Phillip Island in the Norfolk Island Group. Notornis 57, 113–127.
Schodde R, Fullagar P & Hermes N (1983) A review of Norfolk Island birds past and present (Special Publication No. 8). Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, Canberra.

Pterodroma cervicalis—white-necked petrel

Conservation significance
EPBC Act Listing Status: Marine.
Non-statutory Listing Status: The Australian breeding population is described as Endangered in the Action Plan for Australian Birds 2020 (Garnett & Baker 2021).

Distribution
Before 1991, the white-necked petrel (Pterodroma cervicalis) was only known to breed at Macauley Island (Tennyson et al. 1989) and Raoul Island (Iredale 1910) in the Kermadec Group, with the latter population going extinct after the establishment of rodents there. A pair were found breeding on Phillip Island in 1992 (Priddel et al. 2010). This increased to about 10 breeding birds in 1995 (Garnett & Crowley 2000). There were two colonies each consisting of 10–12 breeding pairs on Phillip Island in 2010 (Director of National Parks 2010), 10–100 pairs in 2006 (Priddel et al. 2010) and 44 pairs in 2017–18 (Carlile & O'Dwyer 2018). Prior to purple swamphen management their population likely suffered from predation of eggs and chicks by that species (Halpin et al. 2021).

Ecology
Breeds in summer, arriving in late November and departing the island the following May. Incubation period is unknown but hatching to fledging spans over three months. Nests in burrows or on the surface under natural and artificial cover.
Feeds on small squid and crustaceans taken from the open ocean (Halpin et al. 2022). Not known to frequent at-sea areas of high plastic concentrations in breeding