Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:3:p1
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 1/7)
Character Range: 2936390–2939358

3                   Generic land use scenarios

3.1              Introduction
Assessments of potential risks to human health resulting from site contamination are based on CSMs that identify the conditions through which exposure to contaminants can occur. The key components of a CSM are the contaminant source, receptors (human populations) and exposure pathways. For further information on developing CSMs refer to Schedule B2.

The source addressed in this Schedule is a soil source and this is the source represented in all CSMs presented. The HILs are not derived for the purpose of assessing groundwater sources. However the interim soil vapour HILs for VOCCs may be applied to soil vapour derived from a soil or groundwater source, or a combination of both for these compounds.

Four generic land use scenarios have been used to derive the HILs. These are based on the typical settings in Australia under which people may be exposed to contaminated soil. A separate set of HILs has been developed for each generic land use category, because the sensitive populations and intensity, frequency and means of exposure to soil contaminants can differ according to land use.

The four generic land use scenarios used in the derivation of the HILs are described below. Also in this Schedule is a description of the environment and buildings considered under each land use scenario, a description of the characteristics of relevant human populations, and relevant exposure pathways applied under each land use scenario. This information is designed to allow risk assessors to gauge the applicability of the HILs to the circumstances at individual sites. The assessment of soil contamination at sites that are not adequately represented by any of the standard land use scenarios is also discussed in this Schedule.

The generic land use scenarios considered in the development of the HILs are:
    * HIL A  Residential scenario with garden/accessible soil (home-grown produce <10% fruit and vegetable intake and no poultry; includes childcare centres, preschools, primary schools
    * HIL B  Residential with minimal opportunities for soil access; includes dwellings with fully and permanently paved yard space such as units, high-rise buildings and apartments
    * HIL C  Public open space scenario, including parks and playgrounds, playing fields (e.g. ovals), secondary schools and footpaths
    * HIL D  Commercial/industrial scenario, including shops, offices, factories and industrial sites.
The HILs have been derived for the above land use scenarios based on long-term exposures for the most sensitive receptor populations exposed. The HILs are therefore considered to be protective of exposures to other receptor populations; however, the HILs do not specifically address short-duration exposures that may occur during construction and maintenance of a site (including intrusive works). These exposures should be addressed on a site-specific basis.

These