Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891:body:0:p63
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 181729–184923

the overall heritage value of the KAVHA site.

Attribute Comment

Topography The underlying topography of Watermill Valley, the hillslopes surrounding
Kingston and a dramatic sweep of the coastline provide the physical and visual
palette for the KAVHA site.

Underlying geology There are fossilised geological formations beneath the KAVHA site and the

remains of the calcarenite ridge from which stone was quarried.

Visual setting of the KAVHA site The evocative and picturesque setting affords dramatic views, particularly the
vista out to sea towards Phillip Island, as well as the backdrop provided by
natural vegetation such as Norfolk Island pines.

Bucolic landscape The agricultural/pastoral landscape, particularly within Arthur's Vale (Watermill
Valley) is arguably the only eighteenth-century farming land still discernible in
Australia.

Terrestrial watercourses The watercourses define the physical structure of the KAVHA site, reflect

natural water flow patterns (to some extent) and support life.

Remnant natural vegetation Despite more than two centuries of European settlement, areas and specimens
of native flora remain.

Lagoon and littoral zone The interface between the structured cultural landscape, the littoral zone, the
reef and the ocean is a defining feature of the KAVHA site, creating a
challenge for shipping, as well as important marine habitat.

Emily and Cemetery Bays Emily and Cemetery Bays, and the site as a whole, provide an important
recreational venue for local people, a distinctive edge to the site and important
marine habitat.

Norfolk Island pines—naturally Visually the Norfolk Island pines, even if deliberately planted, are one of the

occurring species and formal defining features of the KAVHA site. However, the extended plantations of

plantings Norfolk Island pines on some hillslopes are not an attribute of significance.

Flax plants Flax plants, even if deliberately planted, evoke one of the reasons for the First
Settlement.

Fauna—migratory birds, land snails The KAVHA site provides important habitat for migratory birds and endemic

and crustaceans fauna including land snails and crustaceans.

Polynesian settlement—physical Norfolk Island is the only place in Australia with pre-European Polynesian

evidence and association settlement. Both surviving physical evidence and the association of the place
with Polynesian culture are important.

Physical evidence of historical The KAVHA site is an evolved cultural landscape in which the combination of

evolution landscape and built elements provides a physical chronicle of more than two

centuries of colonial and post-colonial settlement. Some later elements
contribute to the totality of the site's history, while others—through location
and/or design—may detract from heritage values.

First (Colonial) Settlement 1788-1814 Surviving structures from the First (Colonial) Settlement 1788-1814 offer

structures outstanding and rare evidence of eighteenth-century colonisation and penal
practice.

First (Colonial) Settlement 1788-1814 Ruins associated with the First (Colonial) Settlement 1788-1814 provide

ruins important physical evidence, and are also highly evocative of