Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:1:p6
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 1 (pt 6/13)
Character Range: 2379869–2382987

a peer-reviewed non-threshold reference value is recommended for BaP. The following non-threshold values are available from Level 1 Australian and International sources:
Source              Value                                     Basis/Comments
Australian
ADWG (NHMRC 2011)   Not available                             Current guideline of 0.00001 mg/L established in ADWG (NHMRC 2011) is based on the consideration of health effects in relation to the limit of determination for analysis. The assessment provided by the WHO is noted.
OCS (2012)          No evaluation available
International
WHO (2011)          SF = 0.5 (mg/kg/day)-1                    WHO (2011) derived a drinking water guideline of 0.0007 mg/L on the basis of an excess lifetime cancer risk of10-5 from an oral carcinogenicity study (Neal & Rigdon 1967) and a two-stage birthdeath mutation model. Slope factor has been calculated on the basis of a 70 kg adult and consumption of 2 L water per day.
                    UR =8.7x10-5 (ng/m3)-1                    Inhalation UR derived (WHO 2000 and 2010) based on observations in coke oven workers to mixtures of PAHs. It is noted that the composition of PAHs to which coke oven workers are exposed may differ from that present in ambient air, or derived from soil contamination. It is noted that an inhalation UR is in the same order of magnitude as that derived using a linear multistage model associated with lung tumours in a rat inhalation study of coal tar/pitch condensation aerosols.
MfE (2011)          SF = 0.233 (mg/kg/day)-1                  Review of the carcinogenic reference values available for oral intakes by MfE (2011) considered the range of values available and differences in approaches adopted for low dose extrapolation. The application of cross-species scaling appeared to be the most significant factor affecting the cancer potency estimates. It was recommended that cross-species scaling should not be applied, consistent with the approach outlined in NHMRC (1999). Review of available studies (14 risk estimates using 4 databases) resulted in the calculation of a geometric mean based on data without scaling that was recommended for use in the derivation of a soil guideline value.
 EA (2002)          Derived index doses from WHO evaluations  Oral index dose derived on the basis of WHO approach and a lifetime cancer risk of 10-5.
                                                              Inhalation index dose based on WHO approach and adopting an air guideline of 0.25 ng/m3. The air guideline is equivalent to a lifetime cancer risk of 4x10-5.
RIVM (2001)         SF = 0.2 (mg/kg/day)-1                    Oral SF derived by RIVM based on a chronic oral carcinogenic rat study and linear multistage model. The study considered was more recent than that considered by WHO. No inhalation assessment is provided by RIVM.

CCME (2008)         SF = 2.3 (mg/kg/day)-1                    Oral SF derived from a less than lifetime diet study on inbred CFW-Swiss mice associated with incidence of papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas and linear extrapolation. This