Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:7:p4
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 7 (pt 4/5)
Character Range: 2544518–2548221

(last reviewed in 1988) based on a NOAEL of 0.08 mg/kg/day associated with liver effects in a rat study, and an uncertainty factor of 100. The US EPA has also derived non-threshold oral and inhalation values which are not presented here as they are not considered relevant.

Based on the available reviews presented above, a range of oral TRVs is available. The oral TRV adopted by WHO (1997) is relevant to both neoplastic and non-neoplastic effects (note the ATSDR and US EPA threshold values relate to non-neoplastic effects only) and is therefore considered suitable and appropriate for use in the derivation of soil HILs. No inhalation or dermal data are available, hence it is recommended that all intakes associated with contaminated soil be assessed on the basis of the oral TRV.

7.4.3         Recommendation
On the basis of the discussion above, the following toxicity reference values (TRVs) have been adopted for HCB in the derivation of HILs:

7.5              Calculated HILs
On the basis of the above, the following HILs have been derived for HCB (refer to Appendix B for equations used to calculate the HILs and Appendix C for calculations):
HIL Scenario            HIL (mg/kg)                      Percentage Contribution from Exposure Pathways
Ingestion of Soil/Dust  Ingestion of Home-grown Produce  Dermal Absorption of Soil/Dust                  Inhalation (dust)
Residential A           10                               43                                              --                 57  <1
Residential B           15                               16                                              --                 84  <1
Recreational C          10                               27                                              --                 73  <1
Commercial D            80                               12                                              --                 88  <1

-- Pathway not included in derivation of HIL

7.6              References
ANZECC 1996, Hexachlorobenzene Water Management Plan, available from http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/chemicals/scheduled-waste/index.html#hcbs.
Arnold, DL, Moodie, CA, Charbonneau, SM, Grice, HC, McGuire, PF, Bryce, FR, Collins, BT, Zwadizka, ZZ, Krewski, DR, Nera, EA & Munro, IC 1985, 'Long-term toxicity of hexachlorobenzene in the rat and the effect of dietary vitamin A', Food Chem Toxicol, vol. 23(9), pp. 779793.
ATSDR 2002, Toxicological Profile for Hexachlorobenzene, US Department of Health and Human Services, ATSDR, available from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp.asp?id=627&tid=115.
FSANZ 2003, The 20th Australian Total Diet Survey, a total diet survey of pesticide residues and contaminants, Food Standards Australia and New Zealand.
IARC 2001, Summaries & Evaluations, Hexachlorobenzene, vol. 79, p. 493, International Agency for Research on Cancer.
JMPR (various), JMPR – Monographs and Evaluations for Hexachlorobenzene, available from http://www.inchem.org/pages/jmpr.html.
NEPC 1999, Schedule B (7a), Guideline on Health-Based Investigation Levels, National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measure, National Environment Protection Council, Australia.
NHMRC 2011, National water quality management strategy, Australian drinking water guidelines, National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia.
RIVM 2001, Re-evaluation of human-toxicological Maximum Permissible Risk levels, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands, available from: http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/711701025.html.
UN-ECE 1998, Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
US EPA 1995,