Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p121
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 121/276)
Character Range: 485127–489414

feral animals (notably rats) and invasive weeds. Predation by rodents and feral chickens remains a significant threat. Many empty shells found in the 2020 survey showed clear signs of rodent predation, and there were also signs of feral chickens in the area. Drying conditions and lower soil moisture balances due to climate change are also a threat.
Map 13 Distribution of Advena campbellii
Green outlines indicate reserves within which the species occurs. Points show recorded locations (Hyman & Kohler 2020).

Impact on other species
None known.

Risk assessment
The risk assessment is shown in Table 36.
Table 36 Risk assessment for Advena campbellii
Risk                                                                                                               Likelihood of exposure    Consequence  Threat rating
1. Loss and fragmentation of native vegetation through past land clearing                                          Almost certain (91–100%)  Major        Extreme
2. Loss and fragmentation of native vegetation through current or future land clearing                             Unlikely (11–25%)         Major        Medium
3. Degradation of native vegetation through past grazing or loss of nutrients                                      Almost certain (91–100%)  Moderate     High
4. Degradation of native vegetation through current or future grazing                                              Unlikely (11–25%)         Moderate     Low
6. Predation by rodents                                                                                            Almost certain (91–100%)  Extreme      Extreme
7. Predation by cats                                                                                               Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
8. Predation or damage by chickens                                                                                 Likely (51–90%)           Major        High
9. Predation by swamphens                                                                                          Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
10. Predation by Argentine ant                                                                                     Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
11. Competition from/change of habitat because of weed invasion                                                    Possible (26–50%)         Minor        Low
12. Infection by pathogens already present                                                                         Unlikely (11–25%)         Minor        Low
13. Impacts of potential new invasive species or pathogens                                                         Unlikely (11–25%)         Moderate     Low
14. Changes to vegetation, increased fire risk and/or direct physiological stress as a result of climatic changes  Likely (51–90%)           Moderate     Medium
15. Problems caused by small populations, including lack of genetic diversity                                      Likely (51–90%)           Moderate     Medium

Management actions
Restore native vegetation, control introduced weeds and feral animals (primarily rodents and chickens). Reduce predation pressure by targeting control of rodents in areas where there are known snail populations. Remove weeds (especially red guava) from important areas for snails to restore suitable pH and moisture levels. Conduct further surveys to determine the full extent of existing populations.
Continue the captive breeding program at Taronga Zoo and return the species to appropriate managed sites on Norfolk Island (ensuring exclusion of rodents and chickens).

Recovery target
The recovery target is shown in Table 37.
Table 37 Recovery target for Advena campbellii
EPBC Act status        Estimated population (2023)  Where known populations occur      2034 target
Critically Endangered  500 (3 populations)          90% in national park               At least three viable populations maintained on Norfolk Island
                                                    10% outside the park and reserves

Relevant literature
DEWHA (Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts) (2008a) Approved Conservation Advice for Advena campbellii campbellii.  Department of the