Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L01891:body:0:p54
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for its association with Lt Philip Gidley King RN in successfully establishing the First Settlement
on Norfolk Island at the KAVHA site which contributed to the survival of the infant colony of New South Wales.

KAVHA is significant for its association with Alexander Maconochie who formulated and applied most of the
principles on which modern penology is based during the period he was Superintendent of Norfolk Island.

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Section 4: Heritage Values

Authorised Version F2016L01891 registered 09/12/2016

Jean Rice Architect | CONTEXT | GML Heritage

4.4 Commonwealth Heritage Values

Kingston and Arthur's Vale Historic Area Commonwealth Tenure Area is comprised of the land area of the
KAVHA site, excluding freehold tenure areas. This area was included on the Commonwealth Heritage List
(CHL) on 22 July 2004 (Place ID 105606).

While the CHL further reinforces the values laid out on the National and World Heritage Lists, there are
some notable differences. This section highlights where the CHL differs from the NHL, including any
additional values. The official Commonwealth Heritage values are provided in full in Appendix 11.5.3.

4.4.1 Criterion A—Processes

KAVHA is valued for its four distinct settlement periods: the pre-European Polynesian occupation; and
three periods of later settlement including the first and second settlements of the convict era (1788-1814,
1825-1855) and the Pitcairn period (1856—present). The large group of convict era buildings,
archaeological sub-surface remains, and landform elements contribute to an outstanding cultural
landscape of the development of global convict transportation.

The fabric and artefacts of KAVHA are closely associated with the wreck of the Sirius in 1790, a
disastrous event in the early history of the New South Wales colony. The visible remains of agricultural
activity during the initial settlement of Norfolk Island arguably saved the Sydney Cove settlement from
failure.

Although partly ruined, the places of secondary punishment of nineteenth-century convicts have not been
further substantially altered by subsequent development. Evidence of the severe secondary punishment
is extant at Norfolk Island, both at KAVHA and Longridge. KAVHA provides a record of the role of the
military, penal systems and changes in penal philosophy in the British Empire from 1788-1855, and
illustrates the continuity of administrative history.

KAVHA is significant for its association with the 1856 arrival of the Pitcairn Islanders who were
descendants of the HMS (sic) Bounty mutineers and Polynesians. The subsequent development of the
Norfolk Island community is also of value.

The rich settlement history of KAVHA contains an array of buildings and other elements of outstanding
individual cultural significance, including:

° Government House—which is one of the earliest and most intact remaining buildings of its type in
Australia;
° the Old Military Barracks—which together with the Commissariat Store and New Military Barracks

forms the most