Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775:reg:4:p9
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 4 (pt 9/12)
Character Range: 32220–35503

the Southern Hemisphere, particularly albatrosses and petrels. Albatrosses and petrels are threatened by introduced species on their breeding islands, pollution, and being taken as bycatch in commercial and artisanal fisheries using a range of different gear. The agreement requires that measures be taken by signatory governments to reduce bycatch; protect breeding colonies; and control and remove introduced species from breeding sites, especially on islands.
Currently, ACAP protects all the world's albatross species, seven Southern Hemisphere petrel and two shearwater species. The agreement demonstrates an increasing international commitment to protect albatrosses and petrels.
ACAP helps countries to implement species action plans, control the expansion of non-native predators, introduce measures to reduce bycatch of seabirds, and support research in the effective conservation of albatrosses and petrels. The agreement has published ACAP Species Assessments, booklets, mitigation factsheets, and a number of ACAP Conservation Guidelines, including for biosecurity; eradication of introduced mammals; translocation; and census and survey methods. One of the agreement's main activities is to provide expert advice on seabird bycatch mitigation to fisheries managers, both in domestic and high seas fisheries. Further information about ACAP can be found here: https://www.acap.aq/.
While the CMS, ACAP, JAMBA, CAMBA and ROKAMBA provide mechanisms for pursuing conservation outcomes for migratory birds, they do not encompass all seabirds and are binding on a limited number of countries. As Australia became increasingly concerned about the conservation status of species, additional mechanisms have been developed for multilateral cooperation on biodiversity conservation globally and throughout the region.
Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is an international treaty that was adopted at the Conference on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources which met at Canberra, Australia, 7–20 May 1980. The convention's objective is the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources where conservation includes sustainable harvesting.
The treaty is a multilateral response to concerns that unregulated increases in krill catches in the Southern Ocean could be detrimental for Antarctic marine ecosystems particularly for seabirds, seals, whales and fish that depend on krill for food. It takes whole ecosystem and precautionary approaches to management.
Whilst this wildlife conservation plan does not include Australian Antarctic Territory restricted species, CCAMLR is still a relevant legal framework related to the
 conservation of seabirds in the Southern Ocean.

12 Wildlife Conservation Plan for Seabirds

Legal framework

CCAMLR applies to all Antarctic populations of finfish, molluscs, crustacean and seabirds found south of the Antarctic Convergence, however, there are some species which do move beyond the Convergence to Australian waters which may rely on Antarctic resources, additionally there are some complementary CCAMLR measures around international actions to reduce the incidental mortality of seabirds arising