Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p338
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1175690–1179188

satisfied for descent below LSALT or minimum safety altitude by day and night under the IFR and night VFR.
4.4                    Navigation requirements
4.4.1              Requirements for position fixing in accordance with the AIP.
4.4.2              The determination of aircraft performance category and the implications for operations under the IFR.
4.4.3              The requirements associated with the following waypoints and the symbology used on an instrument approach chart to define each point for the following:
(a)           initial approach fix;
(b)           final approach fix.
4.4.4              The requirements to conduct visual circling by day or night.
4.4.5              The use of PEC when applied to a DA to determine AOM.
4.4.6              The normal gradient applied in each segment when designing an instrument approach procedure.
4.4.7              Tracking tolerance requirements for the following:
(a)           avoidance of CTA;
(b)           utilising ground based navigation aids;
(c)           when navaids are not available;
(d)           notification requirements;
(e)           order of precision of navigation aids/systems.
4.4.8              Speed limitations and restrictions in accordance with the AIP for the following:
(a)           operations below 10 0000 ft AMSL;
(b)           during holding procedures;
(c)           during approach procedures;
(d)           issued by ATS and when speed restrictions are cancelled.

5.                       Ground and space-based navigation systems and infrastructure
5.1                    Ground-based systems
5.1.1              For ground-based radio navigation aids:
(a)           understand the principles of operation, indications and limitations of the ground-based navigation aids; and
(b)           extract from AIP:
(i)             the rated coverage of the radio navigation aids considering aircraft location, altitude and time of day; and
(ii)            pilot navigation tolerances.
5.1.2              For lateral azimuth guidance provided by NDB, describe the following:
(a)           the errors caused by coastal refraction;
(b)           the effect thunderstorms may cause;
(c)           the indications of loss of signal integrity;
(d)           the potential for errors when turning;
(e)           the indications of station passage.
5.1.3              Given heading and relative NDB azimuth bearings, for the following:
(a)           calculate track to and from the NDB;
(b)           fix position given relative bearings of 2 stations;
(c)           calculate drift relative to planned track;
(d)           calculate the relative bearing which will indicate the aircraft is abeam a station;
(e)           calculate the relative bearing which will indicate that a desired track to or from an NDB has been intercepted, given the intercept heading;
(f)             calculate the heading to steer to intercept desired inbound track before reaching the NDB.
5.1.4              For lateral guidance provided by VOR course deviation indicator (CDI), describe the following:
(a)           the cockpit indications of scalloping;
(b)           the indications of loss of signal integrity;
(c)           the indications of station passage.
5.1.5              Given VOR lateral course deviation indications, determine the position of the aircraft with reference to the VOR ground station.
5.1.6              VOR OBS settings required to provide command indications when flying on given tracks both to and