Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p74
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 74/276)
Character Range: 291040–293890

the population, including on use of protected nests (Gautschi et al. 2022).
    * Island-wide surveys of the Norfolk Island morepork were undertaken in 2019–2020 as part of a PhD project. Monthly nest box monitoring in the national park occurred during breeding season and chicks were banded for ongoing monitoring.
    * The Norfolk Island golden whistler and the Norfolk Island robin were surveyed island-wide in 2019 (Nance et al. 2021a,b; and 2023). Annual nest monitoring was also undertaken from 2018–‍2020 (Nance et al. 2023).
    * Regular surveys of the Kermadec petrel were undertaken every 2–3 months from 2017 (Carlile and O'Dwyer 2023).

Plants
    * Targeted surveys for orchids were conducted in 2022 (Zimmer et al. 2023).
    * A number of threatened plant species in the national park were monitored by park staff through annual transect counts and targeted searches.
    * A number of surveys were conducted by an expert botanist in the national park and public reserves (Mills 2012a,b; Mills 2017a,b,c,d,e,f,g).

Outcome

Of the 58 listed threatened species in the Norfolk Island Group, 27 (47%) increased in population size since the commencement of the 2010 recovery plan (Table 21). The majority (25) of those species were plants. There were increases in populations of 12 of the 15 Critically Endangered plants, 7 of the 16 Endangered plants and 6 of the 15 Vulnerable plant species. Notable examples of species recovery through this program include Wikstroemia australis (kurrajong) increasing from 155 to 629 individuals, Boehmeria australis australis (Norfolk Island nettle) increasing from 259 to 591 individuals, and Hibiscus insularis (Phillip Island hibiscus) increasing from 100 to 300 individuals. Increases have also been seen in two threatened bird species: the Norfolk Island green parrot (from an estimated 240 in 2010 to an estimated 438 in 2021) and the Kermadec petrel (from 100 to 150).
Apparent decreases occurred in two bird species, the Norfolk Island morepork (from 40 to approximately 25), and the Norfolk Island robin (from an estimated 800 to an estimated 750). Decreases occurred in two plant species, the Phillip Island chaffy tree (from 20 to 14) and Phillip Island wheat grass (from 50 to 5).
It should be noted that the conservation status of many flora species has not been reassessed since listing in 2003 and needs to be reviewed—there may be additional species that warrant listing in (or possibly removal from) the EPBC Act and consideration in future conservation plans.
Trends could not be estimated for the threatened snails as robust baseline data was not available; however, recent monitoring has provided baseline data for Advena campbellii and A. suteri, and an initial survey of the recently rediscovered A. grayi was conducted in March 2023. The other two snails are presumed extinct.