Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:14:p3
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 14 (pt 3/4)
Character Range: 2002527–2005451

Leachate is water that has percolated through a column of soil.
LOEC is the lowest observed effect concentration; the lowest concentration of a material used in a test that has a statistically significant effect on the exposed population of test organisms compared to the control.
NOEC is no observed effect concentration; the highest concentration of a test substance to which organisms are exposed that does not cause any observed and statistically significant adverse effects on the organisms compared to the controls.
Normalisation relationships are empirical, generally linear, relationships that can predict the toxicity of a contaminant to an organism using soil physicochemical properties. These are used in the EIL derivation methodology to generate soil-specific soil quality guidelines.
Octanolwater partitioning (Kow) is the ratio of a chemical's solubility in n-octanol and water at equilibrium. This is widely used as a surrogate for the ability of a contaminant to accumulate in organisms and to biomagnify. These are often expressed in the logarithmic form (that is, log Kow). Chemicals with a log Kow value ≥4 is considered to have the potential to biomagnify.  There is a linear relationship between log Kow and log Koc values. Thus, Kow can also be used to indicate the ability of chemical to leach to groundwater. A log Kow value <2 indicates a chemical has the potential to leach to groundwater.
Organic carbonwater partition coefficient (Koc) is the ratio of a chemical's solubility in organic carbon and water at equilibrium. This is widely used as a surrogate for the ability of a contaminant to accumulate in soils and conversely to leach to groundwater or to be removed by surface run-off. These are often expressed in the logarithmic form (that is, log Koc). Chemicals with a log Koc <2.4 were considered to be mobile and therefore have the ability in some soils to leach to groundwater.
Precautionary principle is the general principle by which all that can reasonably be expected is done to prevent unnecessary risks.
Reference site is a relatively unpolluted site used for comparison with polluted sites in environmental monitoring studies or used for the assessment of ambient background concentrations of contaminants.
Soil quality guidelines (SQGs) are any concentration-based limits for contaminants in soils. Ecological investigation levels are a type of SQG.
Soil-specific soil quality guidelines is a suite of concentration-based values, where each value applies to a soil with different physicochemical properties. These values take into account properties of soils that modify the bioavailability and toxicity of contaminants. These can only be derived if normalisation relationships are available. Compare these to generic SQGs.
Speciation is the exact chemical form of contaminant in which an element occurs in a sample.
Statistically significant effects are effects (responses) in