Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p254
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 881213–885212

following factors on the controllability of an aeroplane:
(a)           propeller torque and slipstream effect;
(b)           gyroscopic effect;
(c)           asymmetric blade effect.
2.7.3              Describe the term 'ground effect' and its effect on aeroplane performance.
2.8                    Stalling, spinning and spiral dives
2.8.1              Describe the following:
(a)           symptoms of approaching stall;
(b)           characteristics of a stall in the following circumstances:
            (i) straight and level;
            (ii) turning;
            (iii) climbing and descending turns.
2.8.2              Explain the following:
(a)           the effect of using ailerons when approaching and during the stall;
(b)           why an aeroplane may stall at different speeds.
2.8.3              List the effect (increase/decrease/nil) of the following variables on the level flight stall IAS:
(a)           power;
(b)           flap;
(c)           wind shear vertical gusts;
(d)           manoeuvres;
(e)           weight;
(f)             frost and ice;
(g)           altitude.
2.8.4              Describe the aerodynamic principles of stall recovery.
2.8.5              Describe manoeuvres during which an aeroplane may stall at an angle which appears to be different to the true stalling angle.
2.8.6              Differentiate between a wing-drop at the stall, spin and spiral dive in a light aeroplane and describe the standard recovery technique from each.

Unit 1.3.3                                   CADH:  CPL aerodynamics – helicopter

1.                       Reserved

2.                       Aerodynamics
2.1                    Rotorblade aerodynamics
2.1.1              Explain the aerodynamic properties of a rotor blade in respect to the following:
(a)           aerofoil shape;
(b)           blade twist;
(c)           blade taper.
2.1.2              Explain the following terms:
(a)           rotor thrust;
(b)           rotor drag;
(c)           total reaction;
(d)           relative airflow;
(e)           rotational airflow;
(f)             induced airflow;
(g)           centrifugal reaction;
(h)           rotor disc;
(i)             coning angle.
2.2                    Hovering flight
2.2.1              Describe the vectors acting on a rotor blade in hovering flight.
2.2.2              Define each of the following items:
(a)           ground effect;
(b)           tail rotor drift;
(c)           rotor shaft tilt effect;
(d)           recirculation.
2.2.3              Explain the meaning the following, including the conditions leading thereto and appropriate recovery action:
(a)           vortex ring state (settling with power);
(b)           loss of tail rotor effectiveness (LTE).
2.3                    Rotor blade freedom of movement
2.3.1              Describe the following terms:
(a)           feathering;
(b)           flapping;
(c)           flapping to equality;
(d)           dragging;
(e)           advance angle;
(f)             phase lag.
2.4                    Forward flight
2.4.1              Explain the meaning of each of the following terms:
(a)           dissymmetry of lift;
(b)           flapback;
(c)           cyclic limits;
(d)           airflow reversal;
(e)           retreating blade stall;
(f)             compressibility;
(g)           inflow roll;
(h)           translational lift.
2.4.2              Describe the vectors acting on various sections of a rotor blade in forward flight.
2.5                    Power requirements
2.5.1              Select from a list the statement which best describes:
(a)           overpitching;
(b)           the conditions leading thereto;
(c)           the appropriate recovery action.
2.6                    Autorotative flight
2.6.1              Explain the meaning of each of the following terms:
(a)           autorotative force;
(b)           autorotative section.
2.6.2              Describe the effect on autorotative flight of variations in:
(a)           all-up-weight;