Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:C2004A00699:schedule:1:p15
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:C2004A00699
Segment Type: schedule
Provision Reference: sch 1 (pt 15/20)
Character Range: 76429–79718

generated;

          .2 details of the production process and the sources of wastes within that process; and

          .3 feasibility of the following waste reduction/prevention techniques:

              .1 product reformulation;

              .2 clean production technologies;

              .3 process modification;

              .4 input substitution; and

              .5 on‑site, closed‑loop recycling.

    3 In general terms, if the required audit reveals that opportunities exist for waste prevention at source, an applicant is expected to formulate and implement a waste prevention strategy, in collaboration with relevant local and national agencies, which includes specific waste reduction targets and provision for further waste prevention audits to ensure that these targets are being met. Permit issuance or renewal decisions shall assure compliance with any resulting waste reduction and prevention requirements.

    4 For dredged material and sewage sludge, the goal of waste management should be to identify and control the sources of contamination. This should be achieved through implementation of waste prevention strategies and requires collaboration between the relevant local and national agencies involved with the control of point and non‑point sources of pollution. Until this objective is met, the problems of contaminated dredged material may be addressed by using disposal management techniques at sea or on land.

CONSIDERATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

    5 Applications to dump wastes or other matter shall demonstrate that appropriate consideration has been given to the following hierarchy of waste management options, which implies an order of increasing environmental impact:

         .1 re‑use;

         .2 off‑site recycling;

         .3 destruction of hazardous constituents;

         .4 treatment to reduce or remove the hazardous constituents; and

         .5 disposal on land, into air and in water.

    6 A permit to dump wastes or other matter shall be refused if the permitting authority determines that appropriate opportunities exist to re‑use, recycle or treat the waste without undue risks to human health or the environment or disproportionate costs. The practical availability of other means of disposal should be considered in the light of a comparative risk assessment involving both dumping and the alternatives.

CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

    7 A detailed description and characterization of the waste is an essential precondition for the consideration of alternatives and the basis for a decision as to whether a waste may be dumped. If a waste is so poorly characterized that proper assessment cannot be made of its potential impacts on human health and the environment, that waste shall not be dumped.

    8 Characterization of the wastes and their constituents shall take into account:

         .1 origin, total amount, form and average composition;

         .2 properties: physical, chemical, biochemical and biological;

         .3 toxicity;

         .4 persistence: physical, chemical and biological; and

         .5 accumulation and biotransformation in biological materials or sediments.

ACTION LIST

    9 Each Contracting Party shall develop a national Action List to provide a