Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p292
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1016531–1020201

(e)           relative motion between objects.
2.8                    Motion sickness
2.8.1              State the basic cause of motion sickness.
2.8.2              List factors that may aggravate motion sickness.
2.8.3              List methods of combating motion sickness in flight.
2.9                    Acceleration 'g' effects
2.9.1              Describe the effects of positive and negative accelerations on:
(a)           the cardiovascular systems; and
(b)           vision; and
(c)           consciousness.
2.10                Toxic hazards
2.10.1          State the sources, symptoms, effects and treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning.
2.10.2          Recall the effect of breathing air contaminated by fuel and other noxious or toxic aviation products.
2.11                The atmosphere and associated problems
2.11.1          State the chemical composition of the atmosphere and recall the variation of temperature and pressure with altitude.
2.11.2          Outline how the circulatory and respiratory systems distribute oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide.
2.11.3          State what is meant by the partial pressure of oxygen.
2.12                Hypoxia
2.12.1          List the causes of hypoxia and describe:
(a)           its effect on night vision;
(b)           the dangers of behavioural changes, for example, lack of self-criticism, over-confidence and a false sense of security;
(c)           state the symptoms and their development as altitude is increased;
(d)           list factors which may increase a person's susceptibility to hypoxia;
(e)           list methods of combating various forms of hypoxia.
2.13                Human factors considerations
2.13.1          List the basic concepts of information processing and decision making, including:
(a)           how sensory information is used to form mental images;
(b)           the influence of the following factors on the decision-making process:
(i)             personality traits, for example, introvert/extrovert;
(ii)            pride, peer pressure;
(iii)          the desire to get the flight flown;
(iv)          anxiety, overconfidence, boredom, complacency;
(v)           types of memory – long- and short-term;
(vi)          memory limitations;
(vii)        aides memoire, rules of thumb;
(viii)       work load/overload;
(ix)          skill, experience, currency.
2.13.2          Recall the general concepts behind decision-making and list the methods of enhancing decision-making skills.
2.13.3          Concepts of stress:
(a)           recall the interaction between stress and arousal and the effects of short- and long-term stress on pilot performance and health;
(b)           recall the symptoms, causes and effects of environmental stress:
             1.          working in an excessively hot, cold, vibrating or noisy environment;
(c)           state the effects of stress on performance;
(d)           describe the effect of stress on human performance;
(e)           apply the basic principles of stress management.
2.13.4          Concepts of fatigue:
(a)           identify causes of fatigue and describe its effects on pilot performance;
(b)           relate coping strategies, for example:
(i)             sleep management;
(ii)            relaxation;
(iii)          fitness and diet;
(c)           describe the differences between acute and chronic fatigue.
2.14                Principles of first aid and survival
2.14.1          Recall first aid and survival information contained in ERSA.
2.15                Threat and error management
2.15.1          Describe the basic principles of TEM.
2.15.2          Explain the principles of TEM and detail