Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p306
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1065428–1069674

the following:
(i)             VOR and DME;
(ii)            GNSS.
2.9.2              General principles:
(a)           inputs required:
(i)             air data inputs;
(ii)            other inputs;
(b)           outputs generated:
(i)             types of outputs;
(ii)            uses.
2.9.3              RNAV systems:
(a)           principle of VOR/DME area navigation (RNAV);
(b)           advantages and disadvantages;
(c)           limitations and restrictions:
(i)             errors, accuracy, reliability;
(ii)            coverage;
(iii)          range.
(d)           typical control panel.
2.9.4              Reserved:
2.9.5              Satellite navigation systems:
(a)           principle of GNSS navigation:
(i)             elements of GNSS (for example, GPS, GLONASS);
(b)           advantages and disadvantages;
(c)           limitations and restrictions:
(i)             errors, accuracy, reliability;
(ii)            coverage;
(iii)          range;
(d)           typical control panel;
(e)           approvals for IFR Navigation;
(f)             GNSS system enhancements (for example, DGNSS, GLS, WAAS).
2.9.6              Updating area navigation systems:
(a)           need for updating position;
(b)           requirements for updating:
(i)             manual inserting;
(ii)            automatic updating;
(iii)          inhibiting updating;
        1.        common indications when system updates position.

Unit 1.7.4                                   ANVA:  ATPL navigation – aeroplane – Reserved

Unit 1.7.5                                   ANVH:  ATPL navigation – helicopter – Reserved

Section 1.8                         Meteorology (MT)

Unit 1.8.1                                   RMTC:  RPL meteorology – all aircraft categories

1.                       Reserved

2.                       Basic meteorology
2.1                    Knowledge of local weather
2.1.1              Demonstrate a basic knowledge of local weather, in particular the likely occurrence of the following phenomena and how they may affect the safety of a flight:
(a)           thunderstorms;
(b)           low cloud;
(c)           poor visibility;
(d)           turbulence.
2.2                    Knowledge of forecasts and reports
2.2.1              Demonstrate an understanding of weather forecasts, reports and broadcasts that are pertinent to the area of operation.
2.3                    Understand significance of observations
2.3.1              Recognise signs, including forecast condition and pilot observations, which may indicate the presence of:
(a)           turbulence, thermals, dust devils; and
(b)           wind gradient, wind shear and describe the effect of these phenomena on flight characteristics.

Unit 1.8.2                                   PMTC:  PPL meteorology – all aircraft categories

1.                       Reserved

2.                       General meteorology
2.1                    Composition of the atmosphere
2.1.1              Describe the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) sea level temperature and pressure.
2.1.2              State the ISA temperature and pressure lapse rates in the troposphere.
2.1.3              Describe the vertical division of the atmosphere:
(a)           troposphere;
(b)           tropopause;
(c)           stratosphere.
2.1.4              Explain why most weather effects occur below the stratosphere.
2.2                    Heat, temperature pressure and humidity
2.2.1              State the method of measuring surface air temperature, and relate that to actual temperatures above the runway.
2.2.2              Explain the meaning of the following terms:
(a)           temperature inversion;
(b)           saturated air, relative humidity, dew point;
(c)           evaporation, condensation, freezing.
2.2.3              List the effect of changes in temperature, pressure and humidity on air density.
2.2.4              Calculate ISA temperature and pressure height.
2.2.5              Explain the meaning of the following terms:
(a)           height;
(b)           elevation;
(c)           altitude;
(d)           QNH;
(e)           QFE.
2.3                    Clouds and precipitation
2.3.1              Identify and classify clouds according to height