Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:4:p3
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 4 (pt 3/4)
Character Range: 2630902–2634383

current ADWG (NHMRC 2011) derive a guideline of 0.3 mg/L derived from a NOEL of 7 mg/kg/day associated with increased liver weights in a short-term dietary study in rats, and an uncertainty factor of 100.
OCS (2012)            ADI = 0.07 mg/kg/day     The ADI is noted to have been set in February 1987 and is based on a NOEL of 7 mg/kg/day (as considered in the ADWG, noted above).
International
WHO(2011)             No evaluation available
ATSDR                 No evaluation available
Health Canada (1988)  NDI = 0.02 mg/kg/day     Negligible daily intake (NDI) derived on the basis of a NOAEL of 20 mg/kg/day associated with liver and kidney changes in rat and mouse studies, and an uncertainty factor of 1000.
US EPA (IRIS 2012)    RfD = 0.07 mg/kg/day     The RfD (last reviewed in 1987) is derived based on the same study and evaluation provided in the ADWG (NHMRC 2004). Value also derived by OEHHA (1997).

US EPA (1995)         RfD = 0.2 mg/kg/day      RfD calculated based on a NOEL of 20 mg/kg/day from a 2-year chronic rat feeding study, and an uncertainty factor of 100.

Limited quantitative data is available for picloram, however it is recommended that the current Australian ADI/TDI be adopted for the derivation of a soil HIL.

No dermal or inhalation-specific studies or data are available. For the presence of picloram in soil (not during use), it is considered appropriate to consider use of the available ADI for all pathways of exposures.

4.4.3         Recommendation
On the basis of the discussion above, the following toxicity reference values (TRVs) have been adopted for picloram in the derivation of HILs:

4.5              Calculated HILs
On the basis of the above, the following HILs have been derived for picloram (refer to Appendix B for equations used to calculate the HILs and Appendix C for calculations):
HIL Scenario            HIL (mg/kg)                      Percentage Contribution from Exposure Pathways
Ingestion of Soil/Dust  Ingestion of Home-grown Produce  Dermal Absorption of Soil/Dust                  Inhalation (dust)
Residential A           4500                             43                                              --                 57  <1
Residential B           6600                             16                                              --                 84  <1
Recreational C          5700                             27                                              --                 73  <1
Commercial D            35 000                           12                                              --                 88  <1

-- Pathway not included in derivation of HIL

4.6              References
APVMA 2009, Chemicals Nominated for Review, last update unknown, accessed July 2009, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA), http://www.apvma.gov.au/chemrev/ChemRevProgram.shtml.
FSANZ 2003, The 20th Australian Total Diet Survey, a total diet survey of pesticide residues and contaminants. website: http://www.anzfa.gov.au/.
FSANZ 2011, The 23rd Australian Total Diet Study, Food Standards Australia and New Zealand.
Health Canada 1988, Picloram, Environmental and Workplace Health, reviewed in 1990, available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/picloram-piclorame/index-eng.php.
IARC 1991, Summaries and Evaluations, Picloram, vol. 53 (1991), p,481, International Agency for Research on Cancer.
NEPC 1999, Schedule B (7a), Guideline on Health-Based Investigation