Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p250
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 250/276)
Character Range: 913412–917581

has established following removal of the original canopy.
The total number of mature plants recorded in 2003 was 502 (TSSC 2003b).
Regeneration is restricted by predation of seeds by rats (either on the tree or on the ground) and because this species is a periodic regenerator that does not fruit every year (Sykes & Atkinson 1988). It may require 20 years or more to produce viable seed.
U. floribunda propagates well from seed. The species seems to be regenerating well, mainly occurring above 120 metres altitude, although seedling survival appears to be low (K Mills 2024. pers comm 11 January).
The distribution is shown in Map 65.

Ecology
Little known.

Habitat
This species grows in forested areas throughout Norfolk Island, especially in areas of dense canopy above moderate elevations (such as Prince Phillip Drive/Red Road area, including private land; M Christian 2024. pers comm 12 January). Occurs in moist upland hardwood forest and pine-hardwood ridge forest (Invasive Species Council & TierraMar 2021).

Threats
Threats to the species include seed predation by rats, and irregular seed production. Phytophthora cinnamomi is potentially a major risk.

Impact on other species
None known.
Map 65 Distribution of Ungeria floribunda
Green outlines indicate reserves within which the species occurs. Green shading shows plant communities within which the species may occur (Christian & Mills 2021).

Risk assessment
Risk assessment undertaken for Vulnerable trees/shrubs as a grouping. The risk assessment is shown in Table 149.
Table 149 Risk assessment for Vulnerable trees/shrubs as a grouping
Risk                                                                                                               Likelihood of exposure    Consequence  Threat rating
1. Loss and fragmentation of native vegetation through past land clearing                                          Almost certain (91–100%)  Extreme      Extreme
2. Loss and fragmentation of native vegetation through current or future land clearing                             Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
3. Degradation of native vegetation through past grazing or loss of nutrients                                      Almost certain (91–100%)  Extreme      Extreme
4. Degradation of native vegetation through current or future grazing                                              Possible (26–50%)         Moderate     Medium
6. Predation by rodents                                                                                            Almost certain (91–100%)  Extreme      Extreme
7. Predation by cats                                                                                               Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
8. Predation or damage by chickens                                                                                 Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
9. Predation by swamphens                                                                                          Rare (0–10%)              Negligible   Negligible
10. Predation by Argentine ant                                                                                     Possible (26–50%)         Minor        Low
11. Competition from/change of habitat because of weed invasion                                                    Likely (51–90%)           Moderate     Medium
12. Infection by pathogens already present                                                                         Possible (26–50%)         Moderate     Medium
13. Impacts of potential new invasive species or pathogens                                                         Unlikely (11–25%)         Minor        Low
14. Changes to vegetation, increased fire risk and/or direct physiological stress as a result of climatic changes  Possible (26–50%)         Moderate     Medium
15. Problems caused by small populations, including lack of genetic diversity                                      Possible (26–50%)         Moderate     Medium

Management actions
Undertake habitat protection and rehabilitation. Undertake seed propagation (when seed is available) and