Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p145
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 497110–500836

competency must be demonstrated using a non-directional beacon navigation system;
       13.      for an approach — VOR/LLZ private instrument endorsement, competency must be demonstrated using a VHF omni-range/localiser navigation system;
       14.        for an approach — DME or GNSS private instrument endorsement, competency must be demonstrated using distance measuring equipment or a global navigation satellite system;
       15.        for an approach — Approach – RNP APCH-2D private instrument endorsement, competency must be demonstrated using:
               1.          a global navigation satellite system; or
               2.         another kind of area navigation-based system.

 3.                     Underpinning knowledge of the following:
        1.        instrument approach procedures and limitations;
        2.        sector entry join procedures for entering a holding pattern;
        3.         tracking tolerance and altitude limitations for flying the published approach procedure;
        4.        procedure for joining the circuit from an approach procedure;
        5.        minimum obstacle clearance criteria during a approach procedure and missed approach procedure;
        6.          missed approach procedure for an approach;
        7.        radio procedures during an approach;
        8.        loss of radio communication during an approach procedure;
        9.          abnormal operations and emergencies procedures during an approach, including navigation aid failure;
       10.          GNSS system fundamentals and principles of operations;
       11.         requirements applicable to pilots and equipment for GNSS operations;
       12.          cause and magnitude of typical GNSS errors;
       13.      human factors limitations associated with the use of GNSS equipment;
       14.        operating procedures which provide safeguards against GNSS navigational errors;
       15.        GNSS operating procedures for navigation tasks;
       16.        GNSS operational and serviceability checks;
       17.        GNSS warnings and messages;
       18.          tracking tolerances, automatic Way-point sequencing, CDI sensitivity and RAIM availability parameters for entry, RAIM availability and approach segments;
       19.         mode of operation required during each segment of a GNSS/NPA;
       20.          conditions required to transition to and operate in that mode of operation for the GNSS/NPA, and the associated CDI sensitivity and RAIM protection provided;
       21.        parameters applicable to RAIM warnings in the en route, terminal and approach modes;
       22.         effects of availability or otherwise of barometric altimeter-aiding on RAIM availability and prediction;
       23.       effects of satellite unserviceability on the reliability of each type of prediction;
       24.         effect of each type of RAIM prediction on operational requirements;
       25.         prediction limitations that apply to availability of approach RAIM at the destination or alternate aerodrome;
       26.         operational requirements which apply to planning a flight on the basis of conducting a RNAV (GNSS) procedure at the destination;
(za) factors that adversely affect the conduct of a GNSS/NPA, and suitable pilot procedures to minimise such effects;
(zb) operating procedures for GNSS equipment which reduce or eliminate errors.

IAP3 Conduct an instrument approach 3D

 1.                     Unit description
This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to perform a 3D instrument approach procedure.

 1.                     Elements and performance criteria
     1.               IAP3.1 – Prepares for approach