Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00410:body:0:p14
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00410
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 36577–41691

constructions, and
    * when designing for the renovation or demolition of existing buildings, reviewing previous design documentation or information recorded about the design structure and any modifications undertaken to address safety concerns; and consulting professional industry
      or employee associations who may assist with risk assessments for the type of work and workplace.
Table 3 provides suggestions on ways to ensure all risks are addressed in the design and who should be involved.

Table 3 Design process

Step                                                                             Possible techniques                                                                                                                                                                               By whom
Identify solutions from regulations, codes of practice and recognised standards  Consult with all relevant persons to determine which hazards can be addressed with recognised standards.                                                                                          Designer led.
                                                                                 Plan the risk management process for other hazards.                                                                                                                                               Client approval of decisions.
Apply risk management                                                            Further detailed information may be required on hazards, for example by:                                                                                                                          Designer led.
techniques                                                                           * using checklists and referring to codes of practice and guidance material                                                                                                                   Client provides further information as agreed in the planned risk management process.
                                                                                     * job/task analysis techniques.
                                                                                 A variety of quantified and/or qualitative risk assessment measures can be used to check the effectiveness of control measures.
                                                                                 Scale models and consultation with experienced industry personnel may be necessary to achieve innovative solutions to longstanding issues that have caused safety problems.
Discuss design options                                                           Take into account how design decisions influence risks when discussing control options.                                                                                                           Designer led.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Client contributing.
Design finalisation                                                              Check that the evaluation of design risk control measures is complete and accurate.                                                                                                               Designer led.
                                                                                 Prepare information about risks to health and safety for the structure that remain after the design process.                                                                                      Client and designer agree with final result.

Potential changes in construction stage                                          Ensure that changes which affect design do not increase risks, for example substitution of flooring materials which could increase slip/fall potential and may introduce risks in cleaning work.  Construction team in consultation with designer and client.

The hierarchy of control
The ways of controlling risks are ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest, known as the hierarchy of control.
    * Elimination – The most effective control measure involves eliminating the hazard and associated risk. By designing-in or designing-out certain features, hazards may be eliminated. For example, designing components that facilitate pre-fabrication on the ground can avoid the need for working at height and therefore eliminate the risk of falls.
If it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate a hazard the following control measures should be considered:
    * Substitution – replace a hazardous process or material with one that is less hazardous to reduce the risk. For example:
          + Using pre-cast panels rather than constructing a masonry wall
          + Using pre-finished materials in preference to on-site finishing
    * Isolation – separate the hazard or