Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00406:body:0:p26
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00406
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 77387–80214

visors, shields, hoods, curtains, blinds or external louvers to reduce reflections, shadows and glare
    * control natural light sources (particularly bright sunshine) on work pieces, screens and work surfaces by orientation and placement at 90 degrees to the source and/or by providing screening and louvers.

4.9 Using administrative control measures
Administrative control measures do not address the risk factors or source of the risk – they only attempt to reduce risk by reducing exposure to those risk factors.

Job rotation
The risk of MSDs may be minimised by rotating staff between different tasks to increase task variety. Job rotation requires the tasks to be sufficiently different to ensure that different muscle groups are used in different ways so they have a chance to recover. To increase task variety, you should consider:
    * combining two or more tasks so both are done by one worker and alter the workstation and items used accordingly
    * providing breaks doing another task when the job is monotonous.

Rest breaks
Regular rest breaks provide opportunities for workers to prevent the build-up of, or recover from the effects of, fatigue in muscle groups used during hazardous manual tasks that involve:
    * repetitive awkward postures or sustained postures
    * application of high force
    * vibration
    * long duration
    * high levels of mental demand combined with hazardous manual tasks, for example inspection work.
The frequency and duration of rest breaks will be dependent on the nature of the task.  Generally, the greater the force required, or the longer a posture is sustained, the greater the recovery time.
More frequent and shorter rest breaks are better for rest and recovery than fewer, longer breaks.  Build short breaks into task rotation arrangements where work is of a similar nature, for example process production or hand tool use. Micro-pauses (very short intermittent breaks) in physical activity are also beneficial. Build these into the design of tasks and methods of work, for example:
    * workers put down hand tools or release them (suspension) between operations
    * keyboard operators remove hands from keyboards during natural keying breaks
    * stagger manual tasks over the full work shift.

Team handling
Team handling is manual handling of a load by two or more workers.  Team handling brings its own risks and requires coordination. It should only be used as an interim control measure. You should redesign manual tasks to allow the use of mechanical equipment, or eliminate the need to lift, if there is a regular need for team handling. Team lifting can increase the risk of MSD if:
    * the load is not shared equally
    * workers do not exert force simultaneously
    * individual workers need to make foot or hand adjustments to accommodate