Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p333
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1158410–1162242

take-off performance;
(ii)            climb/cruise performance;
(iii)          aircraft structure;
(d)           understand requirement for passenger seal allocation and need to control seating changes in large aircraft.
4.2.2              Load control system:
(a)           describe purpose/function of a load control system:
(i)             weight control authority;
(b)           describe requirements and responsibilities of approved load controllers (ALC);
(c)           describe responsibilities of pilot in command;
(d)           describe the requirements for load sheet and explain the contents.
4.3                    Practical application
4.3.1              Use typical operations manual information to extract weight and balance data:
(a)           given appropriate initial data, determine any or all of:
(i)             CG at empty weight;
(ii)            movement of CG with addition of fuel and payload;
(iii)          movement of CG due to fuel consumption in flight;
(iv)          effect on CG of raising/lowering undercarriage and/or flaps;
(b)           determine CG limits for take-off, cruise and landing;
(c)           determine adjustments (if any) required to fuel or payload to permit operations within the CG envelope;
(d)           passenger load may be presented as block loads (for example, 24 adults in Zone A, 36 adults and 4 children in Zone B, etc.).
4.3.2              Given appropriate initial data, assess a completed weight and balance proforma and determine whether it is acceptable for flight.

Unit 1.11.3                              APLH:  ATPL performance and loading – helicopter

1.                       Reserved

2.                       Take-off and landing performance
2.1                    Terminology
2.1.1              Explain the following terms in the context of take-off and landing performance:
(a)           speeds:
(i)             VTOSS, VYSE;
(ii)            maximum rate and maximum angle climb speed;
(iii)          CDP (speed/time), LDP;
(b)           distance (a basic understanding is required at the ATPL level):
(i)             TORR/TORA, TODR/TODA, ASDR/ASDA, LDR/LDA;
(ii)            balanced field length;
(iii)          clearway, stopway;
(c)           weights:
(i)             TOW/MTOW, LW/MLW, ZFW/MZFW;
(ii)            basic operating weight;
(iii)          useable fuel;
(iv)          payload;
(d)           pavement parameters:
(i)             LCN, ACN, PCN;
(ii)            pavement concession;
(iii)          wheel loading.
2.2                    Theory – take-off performance
2.2.1              For runways and helipads, explain the following:
(a)           derivation of take-off distance;
(b)           derivation of accelerate-stop distance with delay factors assumed;
(c)           clearways and stopways and their function;
(d)           allowance for headwind and tailwind.
2.2.2              For take-off performance, explain the following:
(a)           concept and purpose of take-off segments;
(b)           composition of the first, second, third and fourth segments:
(c)           take-off climb gradients, including:
(i)             distinction between gross and net gradient; and
(ii)            purpose of net gradient;
(d)           gradients required in each segment, including:
(i)             gross and net obstacle clearance requirements take-off area (IMC case only); and
(ii)            vertical clearance;
(e)           for curved departures, the point at which turn may commence taking into account vertical clearance.
2.2.3              Take-off weight restrictions:
(a)           describe the following factors that affect the maximum permissible take-off weight:
(i)             structural limit;
(ii)            en route accountability VFR;
(iii)          en route accountability night/IFR;
(iv)          second-segment climb