Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696:body:0:p36
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 101519–104497

10.5.5.1 may be reduced to not less than 3 NM if:

(a)         a higher minimum under 10.12.2.2 does not apply; and

(b)         the relevant aircraft are in communication with, and under the control of, a terminal control unit or associated control tower; and

(c)          an ATS surveillance system and associated display system is in use which is demonstrably suitable for using 3 NM separation.

10.5.5.2A Subject to subsection 10.5.5.3, the separation minimum in 10.5.5.1 may be reduced to not less than 2.5 NM between succeeding aircraft which are established on the same final approach track within 10 NM of the runway end if:

(a)         a higher minimum under 10.12.2.2 does not apply; and

(d)         the relevant aircraft are in communication with, and under the control of, a terminal control unit or associated control tower; and

(e)         an ATS surveillance system and associated display system is in use which is demonstrably suitable for using 2.5 NM separation; and

(f)            the average runway occupancy time of landing aircraft does not exceed 50 seconds; and
Note: The average may be established by means such as data collection and statistical analysis, or methods based on a theoretical model or both.

(g)         braking action is reported as good and runway occupancy times are not adversely affected by runway contaminants such as slush, snow or ice; and

(h)         the aerodrome controller is able to observe the runway-in-use and associated exit and entry taxiways:

(i)            visually; or

(ii)          by means of surface movement radar (SMR); or

(iii)        by means of a surface movement guidance and control system (SMCGS); and

(i)            ATC monitors aircraft approach speeds and, where necessary, requires speed adjustments, to ensure that separation is not reduced below the minimum; and

(j)            aircraft operators and pilots have been told beforehand that the aircraft must exit the runway in an expeditious manner whenever 2.5 NM separation on final approach is applied; and

(k)          procedures concerning the application of 2.5 NM separation at an aerodrome are published in the AIP.

10.5.5.3         Subsections 10.5.5.1 and 10.5.5.2 do not apply for independent or dependent parallel approaches to which a provision of section 6 of PANS ATM, as in force from time to time, applies on and after 27 February 2020.

10.5.5.4         Separation between aircraft leaving controlled airspace. ATS surveillance system separation may be applied between aircraft about to leave controlled airspace if:

(a)         the horizontal separation is at least 5 NM; and

(b)         mutual traffic information is passed to each aircraft before it leaves controlled airspace.

10.5.5.5         Separation between aircraft within and outside of coverage. Separation continues to exist between aircraft when 1 of the aircraft has passed out of ATS surveillance coverage if:

(a)         when proceeding on the same