Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696:body:0:p37
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 104214–108200

aircraft before it leaves controlled airspace.

10.5.5.5         Separation between aircraft within and outside of coverage. Separation continues to exist between aircraft when 1 of the aircraft has passed out of ATS surveillance coverage if:

(a)         when proceeding on the same track — ATS surveillance system separation existed when the leading aircraft passed out of range and procedural separation is established before the following aircraft arrives within 5 NM of the last observed position of the leading aircraft; or

(b)         when proceeding on reciprocal tracks — the aircraft in ATS surveillance system coverage has passed the last observed position of the outbound aircraft by the applicable ATS surveillance system separation minimum.

10.5.5.6         ATS surveillance system separation may be provided between an aircraft under ATS surveillance system control and the procedural navigation tolerance appropriate to the clearance issued to an aircraft not under ATS surveillance system control:

(a)         until the latter has been identified; and

(b)           only if the procedural navigation tolerance is shown on the situation display.

10.5.6              Separation between ADS-C tracks and radar tracks

10.5.6.1         ADS-C may be used to determine separation between FANS-1/A aircraft reporting by ADS-C, between FANS-1/A and non-FANS-1/A aircraft, and between FANS-1/A aircraft and an aircraft identified on radar.

10.5.6.2         The separation standard to be applied in a mixed surveillance environment must be appropriate to:

(a)         the communications and navigational capability of the relevant aircraft; and

(b)         for separation being applied between FANS-1/A and non-FANS-1/A aircraft — the capabilities of the non-FANS-1/A aircraft.

10.5.6.3         The minimum separation standard between an ADS-C track and a radar track is an appropriate ADS-C separation standard or an appropriate procedural separation standard.

Section 10.6:   Separation Standards–Longitudinal

10.6.1              Mach Number Technique

10.6.1.1         Mach number technique may only be applied between jet aircraft with serviceable LRNS, and must not be applied when block level clearances have been approved.

10.6.2              Application of Longitudinal Time Minima

10.6.2.1         The time interval between aircraft must be calculated at the speed of the following aircraft.

10.6.3              Cross Check Calculations

10.6.3.1         Separation requirements must be cross-checked to ensure the integrity of calculations. The cross-check is to validate the initial calculation and to confirm that the calculation is consistent with the traffic disposition.

10.6.3.2         The method used to cross-check calculations need to be sufficiently accurate to confirm that the original calculation has merit. Where a significant discrepancy or inconsistency is found:

(a)         the initial calculation must be performed again and the integrity cross- check reapplied; or

(b)         further verification using an alternative means must be performed.

10.6.4              Longitudinal Time Separation Minima

Minima                                                                                                                                   Application                                                                                           Conditions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Diagram
T1a                                                                                                                                      Aircraft cruising, climbing or descending                                                               1. B1, B2 or B3 has maintained and will continue to maintain an IAS at least 30 kt