Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p316
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1100916–1104824

(a)           dense jet stream cirrus and cirrus haze;
(b)           flight at high level in the vicinity of well-developed thunderstorm tops.
2.10                Upper level weather charts
2.10.1          Presentation of charts:
(a)           types of charts:
(i)             upper level prognostic charts (brief general discussion only);
(ii)            SIGWX charts;
(iii)          gridpoint wind and temperature forecasts;
(b)           presentation of data and symbology used in the different charts;
(c)           altitudes/mb levels commonly charted.
2.10.2          Application of upper level charts:
(a)           apply data from an upper level chart to the selection of a route and destination/alternate;
(b)           interpret data from an upper level chart in terms of its aviation significance;
2.11                Climatology
2.11.1          Global pressure distribution:
(a)           average surface pressure and temperature distribution over the world;
(b)           global circulation:
(i)             average circulation patterns in the troposphere and low stratosphere and their seasonal variation;
(ii)            upper winds, stream lines and seasonal variation;
(c)           ITCZ and its associated weather in different areas.
2.11.2          Monsoonal weather:
(a)           wet and dry seasons;
(b)           typical wet and dry weather conditions;
(c)           hazards presented by monsoonal weather;
(d)           application of monsoonal conditions to Australia and near neighbours.
2.11.3          Tropical storms:
(a)           prerequisites for development:
(i)             climatic;
(ii)            equatorial latitudes;
(b)           global breeding grounds:
(i)             understand that different areas have different local names for the same phenomenon;
(c)           typical life history of storm;
(d)           hazards presented by tropical storms:
(i)             location of severest weather in relation to storm centre;
(e)           application of tropical storms to Australia and near neighbours.
2.12                Met observations
2.12.1          Standard observation methods:
(a)           knowledge of standard methods of measuring, not including knowledge of the mechanics of the various instruments:
(i)             visibility;
(ii)            cloud height;
(iii)          pressure;
(iv)          temperature;
(v)           humidity;
(vi)          surface wind;
(vii)        upper winds.
2.12.2          Q Codes:
(a)           understand the code groups QFE and QNH and understand the meaning of 'area QNH';:
2.12.3          Inflight observations:
(a)           requirement for inflight observations by crew members;
(b)           reporting criteria;
(c)           form and circumstances in which observations are made and reported:
(i)             AIP format for full position report.
2.12.4          Satellite observations:
(a)           use of satellite photographs (visual and infra-red) to recognise and describe weather systems and air masses.

Section 1.9                         Operations, Performance and Planning (OP)

Unit 1.9.1                                   POPC:  PPL operations, performance and planning – all aircraft categories

1.                       Reserved

2.                       General flight planning and performance
2.1                    Loading
2.1.1              Describe the following terms:
(a)           arm, moment, datum, station, index unit;
(b)           centre of gravity (CG) and CG limits;
(c)           empty weight, zero fuel weight (ZFW), ramp weight;
(d)           maximum take-off and maximum landing weights;
(e)           floor loading limits.
2.2                    Speed limitations
2.2.1              Explain the following terms/abbreviations:
(a)           normal operating speed (Vno);
(b)           never exceed speed (VNE);
(c)           maximum manoeuvre speed (VA);
(d)           turbulence