Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:C2025C00044:section:232
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:C2025C00044
Segment Type: section
Provision Reference: s 232
Character Range: 473708–474729

232  Civil liability of corporations

State of mind
 (1) If, in a civil proceeding under, or arising out of, this Act in respect of conduct engaged in by a corporation, it is necessary to establish the state of mind of the corporation, it is sufficient to show that:
 (a) a director, employee or agent of the corporation engaged in that conduct; and
 (b) the director, employee or agent was, in engaging in that conduct, acting within the scope of his or her actual or apparent authority; and
 (c) the director, employee or agent had that state of mind.

Conduct
 (2) If:
 (a) conduct is engaged in on behalf of a corporation by a director, employee or agent of the corporation; and
 (b) the conduct is within the scope of his or her actual or apparent authority;
the conduct is taken, for the purposes of a civil proceeding under, or arising out of, this Act, to have been engaged in by the corporation unless the corporation proves that it took reasonable precautions and exercised due diligence to avoid the conduct.