Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2017L00641:body:0:p107
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2017L00641
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 743409–748423

and terrestrial discharge – chronic
                              * Habitat modification – infrastructure/coastal development       * Light pollution
                              * Habitat modification – dredging/trawling
Unlikely                      * Noise interference – acute                                                                                                                                                                                   * Chemical and terrestrial discharge – acute
Unknown                                                                                         * Diseases and pathogens                                                       * Terrestrial predation
                                                                                                * Noise interference – chronic                                                 * Marine debris – ingestion

Leatherback Turtle, Nesting in Australia (LB)
Likelihood of occurrence  Consequences
No long term effect       Minor                                                       Moderate                                                         Major                                                                        Catastrophic
Almost Certain
                                                                                          * Fisheries bycatch – domestic (pot)                             * Fisheries bycatch – international (longline, net, and purse seine)
Likely                                                                                                                                                     * Fisheries bycatch – domestic (longline)
                                                                                                                                                           * International take – outside Australia's jurisdiction (eggs and meat)
                                                                                                                                                           * Marine debris – ingestion
                              * Indigenous take                                           * Vessel disturbance (strike)                                    * Climate change and variability (extreme weather)
Possible                      * Light pollution                                           * Habitat modification – infrastructure/coastal development
                                                                                          * Marine debris – entanglement
                              * International take – within Australia's jurisdiction      * Chemical and terrestrial discharge – acute
Unlikely                      * Habitat modification – dredging/trawling
                              * Recreational activities
                                                                                          * Diseases and pathogens                                         * Terrestrial predation
Unknown                                                                                   * Chemical and terrestrial discharge – chronic
                                                                                          * Noise interference – acute and chronic

REFERENCES
    1. Ackerman RA (1997) The nest environment and the embryonic development of sea turtles. In The Biology of Sea Turtles. Volume I, Lutz PL and Musick JA, Eds. CRC Press, Washington, D.C. pp 83-106.
    2. Aguirre A, Balazs GH, Zimmerman B and Galey FD (1994) Organic contaminants and trace metals in the tissues of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) afflicted with fibropapillomas in the Hawaiian Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin 28: 109-114.
    3. Aguirre AA, Limpus CJ, Spraker TR and Balazs GH (2000) Survey of fibropapillomatosis and other potential diseases in marine turtles from Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Conservation and Biology, Kalb H and Wibbels T, Eds. U.S. Department of Commerce, South Padre Island, Texas, 1999. pp 36.
    4. Arthur K, Limpus CJ, Balazs GH, Capper A, Udy J, Shaw G, Keuper-Bennett U and Bennet P (2008) The exposure of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) to tumour promoting compounds produced by the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula and their potential role in the aetiology of fibropapillomatosis. Harmful Algae 7: 114-125.
    5. Arthur KE, O'Neil JM, Limpus CJ, Abernathy KJ and Marshall GJ (2007) Using animal-borne imaging to assess green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging ecology in Moreton Bay, Australia. Marine Technology Society Journal 41: 5-9.
    6. Australian Government (2016) Australian Government Response to the Environment and Communications References Committee Report: Management of the Great Barrier Reef.  Canberra. pp 33.
    7. Avens L and Snover ML (2013) Age and age estimation in sea turtles. In The Biology of Sea Turtles. Volume III, Wyneken J, Lohmann KJ and Musick JA, Eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton.