Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775:reg:18:p29
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L00775
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 18 (pt 29/152)
Character Range: 120358–123385

on the basis that it occupies a small range when breeding and is susceptible to stochastic events and human impacts.

Conservation Concerns and Actions
Black Rats (Rattus rattus) became established on Kita-Iwo-Jima apparently following the Second World War and are considered to have caused local extirpations. There does not appear to be any recent breeding records from the island. Rats pose a threat to birds attempting to recolonise the island. A greater threat would be the introduction of rats to the only known breeding island, Minami-Iwo-Jima. Storm-petrels are known to be vulnerable to oil pollution at sea and marine debris.

Recommended Management Actions
        Gain an improved understanding of at sea distribution in north west Australia

      Exchange information on successful Rattus spp. eradiation techniques with Japanese authorities
      Facilitate the collaboration between Australian and Japanese researchers to survey and monitor known colonies, study ecological requirements, search for undocumented breeding colonies in suitable habitat

  Wildlife Conservation Plan for Seabirds 57
 Species profiles

 Swinhoe's Storm-petrel (Hydrobates monorhis)

  Life History and Distribution
Swinhoe's Storm-petrel (Hydrobates monorhis) is a small dark brown seabird that has a fluttering flight. The species can be found over oceanic and inshore waters. The species breeds on islands in the north-west Pacific Ocean off Russia, Japan, the Republic of Korea and China. Breeding starts in April forming loose colonies close to the sea in rock crevices and lays a single egg. The species is strictly nocturnal at the breeding sites to avoid predation by gulls and skuas. Outside the breeding season the species migrates into the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea.

  Population Estimates and Trends
Based on estimates of Brooke (2004) and Sato et al. (2010) the global estimate of the species is estimated between 65,000 – 260,000 mature individuals. Birds Korea (2010) estimated that 100,000 pairs nest on Gugeul Islet, Republic of Korea which if accurate, suggests that one island holds a significant proportion of the global population. Little is known about the Chinese breeding population. The Australian population is poorly known owing to the oceanic nature of the species.
The species is listed as globally near threatened based on IUCN criteria, on the basis that its population is expected to undergo a moderately rapid decline over the next three generations, owing to the impacts of introduced species and anthropogenic disturbance.

  Conservation Concerns and Actions
Swinhoe's Storm-petrel is threatened by a number of invasive species, including Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) and Oriental Chaff Flower (Achyranthes japonica) in Japan and the Republic of Korea. The seeds of the invasive plant represent an entrapment risk, particularly for adults. There has been a decrease in the population of Swinhoe's Strom-petrels in Japan. Colonies have been adversely affected by mining activities