Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p310
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
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Character Range: 1079492–1083348

and apply this information to practical scenarios.
2.10.7          State what is meant by a Hazard Alert service.
2.11                Climatology
2.11.1          Describe typical seasonal weather conditions in different regions of Australia with reference to:
(a)           visibility (good/poor); and
(b)           prevailing winds; and
(c)           typical cloud patterns and precipitation; and
(d)           seasonal pressure and frontal systems, including the ITCZ and equatorial trough; and
(e)           tropical cyclones.

Unit 1.8.4                                   AMTC:  ATPL meteorology – all aircraft categories

1.                       Reserved

2.                       Advanced meteorology
2.1                    Composition of the atmosphere
2.1.1              Student should know the following vertical divisions in the atmosphere:
(a)           troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere;
(b)           that most weather effects occur below the stratosphere.
2.2                    Heat, temperature, pressure and humidity
2.2.1              Describe the method of measuring surface air temperature, and explain how the actual temperatures may be much higher, for example, above a runway.
2.2.2              Describe the meaning of the following terms:
(a)           isotherm, temperature inversion;
(b)           radiation, advection, convection, conduction;
(c)           isobar, horizontal pressure gradient;
(d)           saturated air, relative humidity, dew point;
(e)           evaporation, condensation, freezing.
2.2.3              Describe the effect of changes in temperature, pressure and humidity on air density.
2.2.4              Explain the factors that influence the diurnal variation of surface air temperature and explain the temperature gradient between land and sea surfaces.
2.3                    Atmospheric stability
2.3.1              Differentiate between stable, unstable and conditionally atmospheric conditions.
2.3.2              Describe the adiabatic process and the parcel method of assessing stability.
2.4                    Clouds and precipitation
2.4.1              Identify and classify cloud 'types' as cumuliform or stratform for the following:
(a)           high level;
(b)           medium level;
(c)           low level.
2.4.2              State the standard abbreviation for each cloud type, and the method used to report cloud amount.
2.4.3              Describe the weather associated with each cloud type.
2.4.4              Differentiate between drizzle, rain, showers and virga, however, actual droplet size is NOT required.
2.4.5              Select statements that describe the conditions necessary for the formation/dispersal of various types of cloud.
2.5                    Visibility
2.5.1              Know the method used in meteorological forecasts and reports to determine visibility.
2.5.2              Describe the term 'runway visual range'.
2.5.3              Give reasons for differences between 'inflight' and 'reported' visibility.
2.5.4              List meteorological factors that will reduce inflight visibility.
2.6                    Winds – general
2.6.1              Describe the relationship between pressure and wind and apply Buys Ballot's law to assess the approximate location of high and low pressure systems.
         2.6.2              Differentiate between:
(a)           squalls and gusts; and
(b)           backing and veering.
2.6.3              Compare surface and gradient winds in terms of direction and strength.
2.6.4              List the 'factors' that effect the diurnal variation of wind and describe typical 'variations' in surface wind strength during a 24-hour period.
2.7                    Air masses and fronts
2.7.1              Describe typical 'flying weather' associated with the following, with reference to the parameters mentioned