Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p298
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1037045–1041683

small group dynamics (norms, atmosphere, pressure, communication, structure);
(b)           conflict management.
4.2.3              Leadership, style of management:
(a)           concern for performance;
(b)           concern for people;
(c)           democratic vs autocratic style;
(d)           encouraging inputs and feedback;
(e)           optimising of crew performance in flight;
(f)             correcting crew coordination deficiencies.
4.2.4              Communication:
(a)           verbal and non-verbal communication;
(b)           one and two-way communication;
(c)           effects of different communication styles;
(d)           miscommunication (including cultural differences).
4.3                    Judgment and decision-making
4.3.1              Pilot judgment concepts:
(a)           types of judgment;
(b)           motor skills and human factors.
4.3.2              Aeronautical decision-making:
(a)           decision-making concepts;
(b)           pilot responsibilities;
(c)           behavioural aspects.
4.3.3              Identification of hazardous attitudes:
(a)           physical factors;
(b)           psychological factors;
(c)           social influences and interface between people.
4.3.4              Pilot judgment awareness:
(a)           risk assessment;
(b)           cockpit stress management.
4.3.5              Applying decision-making concepts:
(a)           practical application;
(b)           managing resources;
(c)           safety awareness.

5.                       Flying and health
5.1                    The high-altitude environment (ozone, radiation, humidity)
5.2                    Physiological and mental fitness
5.3                    Incapacitation
5.3.1              Causes and symptoms:
(a)           gastro intestinal;
(b)           cardiovascular;
(c)           side effects of drug and medication;
(d)           migraine;
(e)           epilepsy;
(f)             brain disorders.
5.3.2              Recognition: insidious and sudden incapacitation.
5.3.3              Procedures for dealing with incapacitation.
5.4                    Intoxication
5.4.1              Tobacco.
5.4.2              Alcohol.
5.4.3              Drugs and self-medication.
5.4.4              Various toxic materials.
5.5                    Body rhythm disturbances
5.5.1              The biological clock.
5.5.2              Disturbances of circadian rhythms:
(a)           causes (shift work, time-zone crossing);
(b)           symptoms;
(c)           treatment.
5.5.3              Sleep
(a)           functions;
(b)           patterns;
(c)           effects of disturbances and treatment.
5.6                    Fatigue
5.6.1              Definition.
5.6.2              Causes.
5.6.3              Types and symptoms.
5.6.4              Prevention and treatment.
5.7                    Stress and anxiety
5.7.1              Definition of stress.
5.7.2              Stress components.
5.7.3              Causes, stressors.
5.7.4              Coping behaviour:
(a)           identifying and reducing stress;
(b)           life stress management.
5.7.5              Effects on performance.
5.7.6              Anxiety.
5.7.7              Defence mechanisms.
5.7.8              Effects of anxiety and defence mechanism.
5.8                    General health aspects
5.8.1              Common minor ailments (colds, influenza, gastro-intestinal upsets).
5.8.2              Tropical climates: risk, regulatory aspects.
5.8.3              Personal hygiene: oral, external, internal hygiene.
5.8.4              Diabetes.
5.8.5              Hypotension and hypertension.
5.8.6              Obesitas, lack of exercise.
5.8.7              Epidermic diseases.

6.                       Threat and error management
6.1                    Threat and error management model (TEM)
6.1.1              Explain what is TEM.
6.2                    Basic principles of TEM
6.2.1              Explain the principles of TEM.
6.2.2              Explain the components of TEM.
6.3                    Threat
6.3.1              Define and explain 'threat'.
6.3.2              Explain types of 'threats' such as 'expected', 'unexpected' and 'latent' threats – recognise and give examples.
6.3.3              Explain categories of 'threats' such as 'environmental' and 'organisational' threats – give examples of these 'threat(s) and recognise the 'threat(s)' in a given scenario.
6.4                    Error
6.4.1              Define and explain 'error'.
6.4.2              Explain types of 'errors', such as those independent of 'threat(s)', induced by 'threat(s)' and with the potential to escalate other 'errors'