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for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This report should be attributed as 'Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia, Commonwealth of Australia 2017'.
The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format '© Copyright, [name of third party] '.
Image credit
Front cover: Green turtle, Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. © Copyright David Harasti.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
Introduction
Recovery Objective
Interim Recovery Objectives
Biology
Threats
Actions
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Review of the Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia - July 2003
1.2 Objectives, targets and performance indicators of the plan
Long-term recovery objective
Interim recovery objectives (2017-2027)
Targets for interim recovery objectives
Performance of the plan
2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 International conventions and agreements
2.2 National legislation and conservation status of marine turtle species
3 BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
3.1 General biology and ecology of marine turtles
Generalised life cycle
Generalised diet
3.2 Australian stocks
3.3 Protected marine turtle habitats
Habitat critical to the survival of a species
Biologically important areas for marine turtles in Australia
Tools for assessing important marine turtle habitats
4 THREATS
4.1 Description of threats
4A Climate change and variability
4B Marine debris
4C Chemical and terrestrial discharge
4D International take
4E Terrestrial predation
4F Fisheries bycatch
4G Light pollution
4H Habitat modification
4I Indigenous take
4J Vessel disturbance
4K Noise interference
4L Recreational activities
4M Diseases and pathogens
4.2 Cumulative impact of threats
4.3 Existing management
4.4 Threat prioritisation
5 RECOVERING MARINE TURTLES
5.1 Recovering a stock
5.2 Summary of actions to be implemented
Indicative cost of implementing actions
5.3 Assessing and addressing key threats
Enabling and measuring recovery
5.4 Individual stocks
Stock trends
Measure of success
Specific actions to recover each stock
5.5 Stocks at highest risk
6 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOVERY PLAN
6.1 Responsible agencies and partners
Consultation process
6.2 Duration and cost of the recovery process
6.3 Biodiversity benefits
6.4 Social and economic considerations
6.5 Offsetting
6.6 Reporting process
Monitoring the stocks
Appendix A – Key stakeholders
Appendix B – Individual stock risk matrices
REFERENCES

List of Tables

Table 1. Summary of overarching action areas
Table 2. Performance measures for the Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia.
Table 3. Global conservation status of marine turtles under international instruments
Table 4. Conservation status of marine turtles under Australian Commonwealth, state and territory legislation
Table 5. Marine turtle dietary preferences by species
Table 6. Nesting and internesting areas identified as habitat critical to the survival of marine turtles listed for each stock.
Table 7. Risk assessment matrix framework
Table 8. Summary of the threat risk assessment process