Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L01285:reg:13:p58
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2022L01285
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 13 (pt 58/98)
Character Range: 386386–389960

population currently monitored at a representative study site with 337 (248-391) annual breeding pairs recorded in 2019/20, and long-term breeding success estimated at 62% (DPIPWE 2021a).

Population estimates and trends

The breeding population of Northern Giant Petrel on Macquarie Island is considered uncertain based on a TRIM analysis (Pannekoek & van Strien 2006) over the past 10 years (DPIPWE 2021a), which is attributed to the impact of secondary poisoning in 2011 during work to eradicate pest species from the island (Parks & Wildlife Service 2014, DPIPWE 2021a).
Globally, the population appears to be increasing (BirdLife International 2017). There were an estimated 11,550 breeding pairs in 2021 (ACAP 2022).

Habitat critical to survival of species

Macquarie Island is subject to a management plan that protects this listed world heritage site and adjacent marine reserves (Parks and Wildlife Service 2006). The breeding population of Northern Giant Petrel in Australia's jurisdiction is likely to be important for the long-term persistence of the species within Australia. The species is limited to 50 breeding sites on island groups of Australia (Macquarie Island), France (Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands), New Zealand (Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Chatham Islands, Campbell Island) South Africa (Prince Edward Islands), and other (South Georgia/Islas Georgias del Sur), with the largest population at South Georgia/Islas Georgias del Sur (ACAP 2012n).

Threats

The risk matrix for the Northern Giant Petrel is provided at Table 23, with the threats occurring in Australia's jurisdiction highlighted.
Table 23: Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli) risk matrix.
Likelihood of occurrence  Consequences

Not significant           Minor         Moderate                                                                                      Major  Catastrophic

Almost certain                          Marine pollution: marine plastics ingestion

                                        Fisheries interactions: pelagic longline, demersal longline, trawl

Likely                                  Climate variability and change: habitat damage from severe storms affecting Macquarie Island

Possible                                Marine pollution: heavy metals and pesticide contamination

                                        Human disturbance: at breeding sites leading to nest abandonment

Unlikely

Rare or Unknown                         Climate variability and change: heat stress and degradation of nesting habitat

Note: Threats occurring in Australia's jurisdiction are highlighted in bold.
Figure 6: Modelled Australian distribution of Northern Giant Petrel (Macronectes halli).

Procellaria cinerea Grey Petrel Gmelin 1789
Family: Diomedeidae

Taxonomy

Procellaria cinerea Gmelin 1789 is accepted nomenclature for the Grey Petrel. Originally Procellaria cinerea Gmelin 1789. The nomenclature for this monotypic species is widely accepted (ACAP 2012i).

Current status of taxon

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth): not listed
Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (Western Australia): not listed
National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 (South Australia): not listed
Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 (Victoria): not listed
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 (Tasmania): Endangered
Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (New South Wales): not listed
Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Queensland): species not recorded in Queensland
IUCN Red list of Threatened Species: Near Threatened
Action Plan