Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2024C00404:front:0:p84
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2024C00404
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 232994–238273

rotational airflow;
              (v) induced airflow;
              (vi) torque reaction.
 4      Aerodynamics — hovering and forward flight                                                                                                        A
           (a) definitions of the terms:
              (i) ground effect;
              (ii) recirculation;
           (b) translational lift;
           (c) drag in forward flight.
 5      Principles of operation — flight controls                                                                                                         A
       (a) primary flight controls and how they affect the movement of a multirotor about its longitudinal, lateral and normal vertical axes, including:
              (i) hover;
              (ii) yaw control;
              (iii) forward operation;
              (iv) ascent and descent;
              (v) lateral horizontal operation;
           (b) stabilisation;
           (c) GPS hold.
 6      Aerodynamics — abnormal operations                                                                                                                A
           (a) direction of rotation of a rotor and the implications of incorrect installation;
           (b) effects on the operation of the RPA if a motor of the RPA fails.
 7      Launch                                                                                                                                            B
           (a) pre-launch checks;
           (b) post-launch checks.
 8      Climbing                                                                                                                                          A
           Effect on climb rate and angle from changes in the following:
           (a) weight;
           (b) power;
           (c) airspeed;
           (d) a headwind or tailwind or windshear;
           (e) bank angle;
           (f) temperature;
           (g) altitude.
 9      Turning                                                                                                                                           B
           (a) banked turns;
           (b) rotations or flat turns;
           (c) limitations on steep turns.
 10     Descending, landing and recovery                                                                                                                  A
           (a) avoiding vortex ring state when operating the RPA;
           (b) recovery actions to escape vortex ring state;
           (c) advantages of landing/recovery into the wind;
           (d) pre-landing checks.

Schedule 4 Aeronautical knowledge units

Appendix 4 Category specific units — Helicopter (single rotor) category

Unit 11 RBKH — Aeronautical knowledge and operation principles: Single rotor
 Item   Aeronautical knowledge topics                                                                             Priority
 1      RPA components                                                                                            B
           (a) typical components of the fuselage of the RPA, including:
              (i) inspection hatches;
              (ii) vents;
              (iii) drains;
              (iv) antennas/aerials;
              (v) the boom;
              (vi) the tail rotor;
           (b) typical components of the landing gear:
              (i) skids;
              (ii) floats;
           (c) other helicopter configurations:
              (i) contra-rotating main rotors;
              (ii) horizontal tail rotor;
              (iii) other solutions to centrifugal reaction.
 2      Helicopter key lift components                                                                            A
        Typical components of the rotor system:
           (a) the flybar;
           (b) the swash plate;
           (c) the clutch.
 3      Aircraft performance                                                                                      A
        Effects of the following on aircraft performance:
           (a) the gross weight of the RPA;
           (b) engine power;
           (c) ground effect.
 4      Aerodynamics — lift and drag                                                                              B
           (a) aerodynamic properties of a rotor blade:
              (i) aerofoil shape;
              (ii) blade twist;
              (iii) blade taper;
           (b) definitions of the following terms:
              (i) rotor thrust;
              (ii) rotor drag;
              (iii) total reaction;
              (iv) relative airflow;
              (v) centrifugal reaction;
              (vi) rotor disc;
              (vii) coning angle;
           (c) terminology in relation to an operating rotor blade:
              (i) feathering;
              (ii) flapping;
              (iii) flapping to equality;
              (iv) dragging;
              (v) advance angle.
 5      Aerodynamics of hovering                                                                                  A
           (a) aerodynamic vectors of a rotor blade during hover;
           (b) terminology relating to hovering:
              (i) ground effect;
              (ii) tail rotor drift;
              (iii) rotor shaft tilt effect;