Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L00408:front:0:p387
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L00408
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 1197503–1200329

elements that established Canberra's geometric design pattern.  The design represented Griffin's interpretation of democracy and created three urban centres connected by its main avenues: Capital Hill as the place for the people; Mount Vernon as the municipal centre; and Mount Pleasant as the market centre.  The northern avenue, Constitution Avenue, was the municipal axis.  The AWM is located at the northern end of the land axis, the major planning axis that runs from Parliament House, through Federation Mall and Parkes Place and along Anzac Parade to Mount Ainslie.  The AWM has an elevated position at the end of Anzac Parade and is framed by Mount Ainslie in the background.  It is a powerful form within the axial landscape of Canberra (Pearson & Crocket 1995: 42-44; Freeman, 2004: 4).  Australian planners have followed Griffin's vision but with minor changes in terms of impact to reflect historical events and Australian political and social life.

Australian War Memorial
The site of the AWM is the area bounded by Limestone Avenue, Fairbairn Avenue and Treloar Crescent.  The AWM is part of a larger landscape which is structured by Griffin's land axis and includes Anzac Park, Anzac Parade, Remembrance Park on the slopes of Mount Ainslie behind the AWM, Mount Pleasant and Black Mountain.  The AWM is closely associated with memorials along Anzac Parade that commemorate important aspects of Australia's involvement in war.

The AWM is a unique commemorative institution that functions as a memorial, a museum, an archive and a centre for research.  The complex includes commemorative areas, a Sculpture Garden, gallery exhibits, research facilities, an administration building and a kiosk.  The major commemorative spaces are the grand entrance, the central courtyard and Pool of Remembrance, the flanking cloisters with the Roll of Honour and the copper domed Hall of Memory.

The main building is stone faced, designed in the art deco style and has a cruciform plan with two floors of galleries, a library, war records storage, office space and workshop facilities.  The building displays Byzantine modelling in its interpenetrating forms and the front entrance shows Egyptian influences in its pylons and massing.  Important features of the style include: a stepped skyline; concentration of ornament on the upper part of the building; a tower feature; and a monumental entrance.  Two medieval stone lions, donated by the city of Ypres in 1936, are located in the entrance area.  The lions previously stood at the gateway of the Menin road at Ypres and were damaged during the First World War.  The Hall of Memory, with its stepped cubic forms and copper dome, is the key architectural and landmark element of the place.  As the major vertical element in the architectural composition, it closes the view