Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00959:body:0:p15
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00959
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 45638–48697

permanently sealed, and must not extend beyond the general perimeter of the vehicle when viewed in plan.
24.4.1.1.                    In the case of permanently enclosed vehicles not fitted with vertical exhaust systems, the outlet must extend to the perimeter of the vehicle when viewed in plan.
24.4.2.                          The height of the outlet must be either greater than 150 mm above the maximum height of the cab or less than 750 mm above the ground.
24.4.2.1.                    For above-cab exhausts, the direction of discharge must not be to the left of the vehicle and must be above the horizontal.
24.4.2.2.                    For other exhausts, the direction of discharge must not be to the left of the vehicle and must be between the horizontal and 45 degrees downwards.
24.4.3.                          Any exposed section of an exhaust system discharging above the cabin must be shielded to prevent accidental personal contact in areas where contact can occur during normal operating and servicing conditions.
24.4.4.                          Vertical exhaust outlets (see Figure 4), where fitted, must meet one of the following requirements:
            (a)      the orifice must be a horizontal cross-section of the exhaust pipe and must direct the exhaust gases vertically upwards; or
            (b)      the orifice must be a horizontal cross-section of the exhaust pipe and must be fitted with a rain cap such that in plan view the hinge of the cap makes an angle of 90 degrees ± 10 degrees with the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle, with the rain cap operating in a fore-and-aft direction; or
            (c)      the orifice must be angled and orientated so that the principal flow of the exhaust gases is directed rearwards, within 0 degrees and 45 degrees of the longitudinal centreline of the vehicle.
Figure 4: Typical Vertical Exhaust Outlet Configurations

25.                                      TOILETS, URINALS, BASINS AND SINKS
25.1.                                No vehicle shall be equipped with a toilet or urinal the contents of which can be discharged directly onto the road.
25.2.                                Except in the case of a 'Caravan', every toilet or urinal pan must empty into a tank which is:
            (a)      carried by the vehicle; and
            (b)      efficiently ventilated by means of a pipe, the outlet of which is outside the vehicle.
25.3.                                Every tank into which a toilet or urinal pan empties must contain non‑inflammable and non‑irritant chemicals of such character and in such quantity as to form at all times an efficient deodorant and germicide in respect of the contents of the tank, toilet or urinal (as applicable).
25.4.                                No basin or sink shall drain into any toilet or urinal or into any tank into which a toilet or urinal empties.
25.5.                                Each toilet and/or urinal closet must vent directly to the atmosphere.

APPENDIX 1

Determination of the 'Static Stability Ratio' for