Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L00408:front:0:p246
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plaisance.  For some reason, it was deemed appropriate to repeat the desert-like emptiness of Anzac Parade in the desert-like forecourt of the New Parliament House.  Emptiness, it seems, is central to the experience of Canberra.'  (Weirick 1991, p. 16)

The team lead by Daryl Jackson, competition winners, proposed the most radical treatment, adding a new structure into the landscape – a series of stepped parterres, and sought to shift the expressed symbolism from 'remembrance and the War Memorial towards democratic constituency' with each parterre representing an Australian state.  The trees were also proposed to change from eucalypt to liquidambar, a deciduous tree.  In this concept, the parade ground was removed, but the whole space was for use by pedestrians, freed of cars.

The other three finalists adopted a less interventionist approach.  One proposed a Peace Square and another a 'Place of Great Australians'.  All more actively engaged the lake foreshore and sought to reduce in various ways the impact of traffic.  The three other responses all retained the 'parade ground', reinforced the plantings and increased the pedestrian qualities of the space, seeing no need to change too dramatically 'an already memorable national artefact'.

Considering these responses, offered by significant Australian designers, the importance of Anzac Parade as a place that needs to be engaged with directly – to walk, look and reflect – comes through strongly.  It is a 'view' – the Land Axis – but it is also a place to be experienced (Olsson 1992, pp. 50-52).

  Figure 43.  Daryl Jackson Architects' winning design for Anzac Parade, c1991
  Source:  Landscape Australia, 1-1992, cover image

Recent history
The original 1960s design for Anzac Parade included landscape rooms for eight memorials.  At some time, an additional eight landscape rooms were provided.

In 2001, an upgrade of Anzac Parade saw new, specially designed street lighting officially commissioned, replacing the original 1965 lighting.  The lighting was designed by architects Richard Johnson and Alec Tzannes, and the electrical and lighting consultant was Iain Clarke of Barry Webb & Associates.

On Anzac Day 2006 it was announced that the Australian War Memorial and Anzac parade would be added to the National Heritage List.

In 2008-2011 a major upgrade took place, with the roadways reconstructed along the full length of the Parade, and changes to the intersections at Limestone Avenue, Constitution Avenue and Parkes Way.

Around 2009 a process was begun to review the performance of the Hebe plants in the median planter beds.  This ultimately led to a decision to replace the plants, and to use a different cultivar of Hebe.  The replacement work was undertaken in 2011-12.

  Figure 44.  Replacement plantings of the Hebe species, 2012
  Source:  Duncan Marshall

Other recent changes within the