Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050:body:0:p260
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025C00050
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 901969–906165

and gust envelope;
(b)           changes to CL and CD with increasing speed at constant angle of attack;
(c)           performance degradation, the effect of Mach drag on thrust required and fuel flow;
(d)           aileron reversal;
(e)           effects of wing sweep back;
(f)             maximising low-speed performance (use windshear on take-off as discussion case).
2.5                    Performance and altitude
(a)           effect of high altitude on:
(i)             buffet boundaries;
(ii)            stall and stability;
(iii)          manoeuvring capability (inertia effects);
(b)           stall and VMCA considerations with engine failure at high altitude.

3.                       Airframe and systems
3.1                    Flight controls
3.1.1              Review flight controls
(a)           primary flight controls:
             1.          ailerons; and
             2.          elevators; and
             3.         rudder;
(b)           secondary flight controls:
(i)             spoilers/airbrakes;
(ii)            trim systems:
(iii)          flying tail, stabiliser trim.
3.1.2              Leading edge flaps
(a)           review trailing edge flaps;
(b)           leading edge flaps/devices:
(i)             purpose/function of leading edge flaps;
(ii)            types in common use;
(iii)          typical interconnection with trailing edge flaps;
(c)           common methods of operation:
(i)             hydraulic;
(ii)            electric;
(iii)          pneumatic (outline knowledge only is required; actuating systems are at later section).
3.1.3              Powered controls
(a)           methods of transmitting demand to control surfaces;
(b)           feedback;
(c)           feel, natural or artificial;
(d)           possibility or availability of manual reversion.
3.2                    Landing gear
3.2.1              Wheel systems
(a)           arrangements:
(i)             multi-wheel;
(ii)            bogie wheel;
(iii)          effects on PCN/ACN;
(b)           main components;
(c)           brief outline of typical retract/extend operation:
(i)             normal, alternate, emergency operation;
(ii)            landing gear doors may be disabled under some conditions.
3.2.2              Wheels and tyres
(a)           wheels and brake energy limits, thermal plugs;
(b)           cooling charts, minimum turn-around times.
3.2.3              Braking systems
(a)           typical multi-wheel systems:
             1.          typical sources of power for normal, alternate, emergency use;
(A)          hydraulic supply and back-up;
(B)          emergency air bottles.
(b)           parking brake;
(c)           principles of operations/limitations of:
(i)             anti-skid system;
(ii)            auto brake system.
3.2.4              Hydroplaning
(a)           cause and effect;
(b)           factors affecting hydroplaning, including speed formulae.
3.2.5              Steering systems
(a)           types available:
(i)             rudder pedal steering;
(ii)            hand/wheel/tiller steering;
(iii)          body-gear steering on some aircraft;
(b)           degree of steering commonly available with each:
(i)             understand that some steering systems are incompatible with asymmetric brake and/or power, while others are improved by them.
3.3                    Actuating systems
3.3.1              Pneumatic systems
(a)           basic system knowledge as for hydraulics;
(b)           compare system differences with hydraulic system;
(c)           compare operating differences with hydraulic system;
(i)             speed of response;
(ii)            force available;
(iii)          supply of operating fluid;
(iv)          weight of system.
3.4                    Airconditioning and pressurisation
3.4.1              Typical air supply system
(a)           power sources:
(i)             engine driven compressors;
(ii)            bleed air:
(A)          gas turbine compressor;
(B)          turbo charger compressor;
(b)           typical services provided;
(c)           availability of services:
(d)           possibility of limitations under take-off or asymmetric power conditions, or during engine