Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L00346:front:0:p2
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L00346
Segment Type: other
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Character Range: 2982–8413

Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; Megan O'Shea – Victoria University; Paul Foreman – Blue Devil Consulting; Chris Lindorff – Trust for Nature; Deanna Marshall – Trust for Nature; Libby Woodward – Trust for Nature; Ben Thomas – DEECA; Simon Cropper – Botanicus Australia Pty Ltd; and the Pimelea spinescens Recovery Team.
The preparation of this plan was funded by the Commonwealth Government.
Acknowledgement of Country
We acknowledge the Traditional Custodians of Australia and their continuing connection to land and sea, waters, environment and community. We pay our respects to the Traditional Custodians of the lands we live and work on, their culture, and their Elders past and present.
Images credits
Spiny Rice-flower (Pimelea spinescens subsp. spinescens). Photo © Debbie Reynolds (Trust for Nature).

Contents
1 Summary...............................................................1
1.1 Conservation status..................................................1
1.2 Species information..................................................1
1.3 Threats...........................................................1
1.4 Recovery Plan objectives, performance criteria, and actions.....................1
2 General information.......................................................3
2.1 Historical context....................................................3
2.2 Conservation status..................................................3
2.3 Taxonomy.........................................................3
2.4 Community and Cultural Significance.....................................4
2.5 International obligations..............................................5
2.6 Consultation.......................................................5
2.7 Recovery Team.....................................................5
2.8 Affected Stakeholders................................................6
3 Species description and habitat...............................................8
3.1 Biology...........................................................8
3.2 Distribution.......................................................18
3.3 Habitat..........................................................19
3.4 Important populations...............................................20
4 Threats................................................................22
4.1 Historical causes of decline............................................22
4.2 Current threatening processes.........................................22
4.3 Threat matrix......................................................26
5 Guidance for decision makers...............................................29
6 Implementation of the first Recovery Plan......................................31
6.1 Conservation status assessments.......................................31
6.2 Information on habitat...............................................31
6.3 Populations and habitats are protected...................................32
6.4 Threats management................................................33
6.5 Information on key biological traits......................................33
6.6 Population growth rate and viability.....................................34
6.7 Community support.................................................37
7 Recovery Plan...........................................................39
7.1 Performance criteria................................................39
7.2 Actions..........................................................40
7.3 Implementation and evaluation........................................50
7.4 Priorities, timeframes and funding......................................50
7.5 Interactions with existing plans, policies and programs........................53
7.6 Ecological co-benefit................................................54
7.7 Social and economic impacts..........................................56
References.................................................................60
Appendix 1................................................................68
Appendix 2................................................................84

Tables
Table 1 Threats impacting the Spiny Rice-flower......................................27
Table 2 Actions to ensure all Spiny Rice-flower populations and habitat are adequately protected and managed (Strategy 1)......41
Table 3 Actions to address knowledge gaps to better inform adaptive management plans for the Spiny Rice-flower (Strategy 2)......45
Table 4 Actions to support community-based collaboration for the recovery of Spiny Rice-flower (Strategy 3)......48
Table 5 Priorities, actions, timeframes, estimated costs for Spiny Rice-flower recovery within the 5-year reviewa......51
Table 6 Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) known and likely supporting the Spiny Rice-flower56

Figures
Figure 1 A contrasting phenotype of male (left) and female plant (right), both in flowering stage. Male plants bear more showy flowers than female (see Figure 2 for flower close-up)......9
Figure 2  Flowers of Spiny Rice-flower. Left–female inflorescence, Middle–male inflorescence, Right–hermaphroditic individual bearing seeds and male flowers......10
Figure 3 Conceptual model of the timing of ecological processes including the effect of fire across seasons......11
Figure 4 Spiny Rice-flower hosts various invertebrate species, including insects that are important as its pollination vector......13
Figure 5