Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00410:body:0:p16
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00410
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 44173–47308

with knowledge and experience in the construction and maintenance processes in the design safety reviews. Their expertise will assist in identifying safety issues which may have been overlooked in the design.

Health and safety aspects of the design should be reflected in the requirements of contract documents for the construction stage and assist in the selection of suitable and competent contractors for the project.

Post-construction review
On completion of construction, the effectiveness of safety in design should be evaluated.
This will enable identification of the most effective design practices and any design innovations that could be used on other projects. The review may be carried out in a post-construction workshop attended by all relevant parties involved in the project.
Subsequent feedback from users to assist designers in improving their future designs may
be provided through:
    * post occupancy evaluations for buildings
    * defect reports
    * accident investigation reports
    * information regarding modifications
    * user difficulties
    * deviations from intended conditions of use.

4.             DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

This Chapter provides examples of design options to control risks in various stages of the lifecycle.

4.1         Design for safe construction
Control measures for risks relating to the construction of a structure include:

    * Providing adequate clearance between the structure and overhead electric lines by burying, disconnecting or re-routing cables before construction begins, to avoid 'contact' when operating cranes and other tall equipment.
    * Designing components that can be pre-fabricated off-site or on the ground to avoid assembling or erecting at heights and to reduce worker exposure to falls from heights or being struck by falling objects, for example fixing windows in place at ground level prior to erection of panels.
    * Designing parapets to a height that complies with guardrail requirements, eliminating the need to construct guardrails during construction and future roof maintenance.
    * Using continual support beams for beam-to-column double connections, be it adding a beam seat, extra bolt hole, or other redundant connection points during the connection process. This will provide continual support for beams during erection – to eliminate falls due to unexpected vibrations, misalignment and unexpected construction loads.
    * Designing and constructing permanent stairways to help prevent falls and other hazards associated with temporary stairs and scaffolding, and schedule these at the beginning of construction.
    * Reducing the space between roof trusses and battens to reduce the risk of internal falls during roof construction.
    * Choosing construction materials that are safe to handle.
    * Limiting the size of pre-fabricated wall panels where site access is restricted.
    * Selecting paints or other finishes that emit low volatile organic compound emissions.
    * Indicating, where practicable, the position and height of all electric lines to assist with site safety procedures.

4.2         Design to