Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L01094:body:0:p7
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2024L01094
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 21372–24605

to the species.

2.1 Conservation status
The forty-spotted pardalote is a listed threatened species under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The species was eligible for listing under the EPBC Act as on 16 July 2000 and previously it was listed as Endangered under Schedule 1 of the preceding Act, the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cwlth).

The species is also listed as Endangered under Tasmanian legislation, the Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 (TSP Act). The species is listed as Endangered on the International IUCN Red List (non-statutory).

Table 1. International, National and state conservation status of the forty-spotted pardalote.
Legislation                                                            Conservation Status

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth)  Endangered
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 (Tas)                           Endangered
Non-statutory listing status

IUCN Red List (International)                                          Endangered

2.2 Taxonomy
Conventionally accepted as Pardalotus quadragintus (Gould 1838). No subspecies are described.

2.3 Species description
The forty-spotted pardalote is a small passerine measuring 9–10 cm in length and weighing approximately 10 g (Woinarski & Bulman 1985; Higgins & Peter 2002). Individuals are generally olive green in colour and pale yellow around the eye, cheek and on the rump. The wings are black with characteristic white spots. The species does not exhibit any apparent size or colour dimorphism between the sexes (Woinarski & Bulman 1985).

The forty-spotted pardalote can be distinguished from adults of the co-occurring P. striatus (striated pardalote) and P. punctatus (spotted pardalote) by its distinctive call and by having no prominent head markings, a duller body colour and rounder body shape (Higgins & Peter 2002). However, misidentifications can occur due to confusion with juveniles, especially of spotted pardalotes.

2.4 Species distribution in Australia
The forty‐spotted pardalote is endemic to Tasmania. Historically, the species was widely distributed across the eastern half of Tasmania and also on King Island (Campbell 1903; Rounsevell & Woinarski 1983; Brown 1986; Bryant 2018); however, it is now largely confined to a few islands off the coast of Tasmania, and headlands and peninsulas in south and south-eastern Tasmania. The species currently occurs in three widely separated subpopulations located at:

   1.        Bruny Island (including Partridge and Snake Islands) and nearby parts of mainland Tasmania including Tinderbox, Howden, and Coningham Peninsulas, and at Ida Bay;

   2.        Maria Island;

   3.        Flinders Island (most recently in the Strzelecki Range) (Bryant 2018).

Breeding subpopulations appear to have been extirpated from locations at Taroona, Lime Bay State Reserve, Peter Murrell Reserve, and Coningham Peninsula (Bryant 2010; Bryant & Webb 2014; S Bryant & GB Baker unpublished cited in Bryant et al. 2021). The extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) for the species is estimated at 17,000 km2 (14,000–20,000 km2) and 208 km2 (200–220 km2), respectively (Bryant