Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00420:front:0:p26
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2016L00420
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 68755–71797

(for instance, fine droplets in air) form of flammable liquid is much greater than for the bulk liquid. Processes that generate fine particles, like grinding and milling of flour and nanomaterials can present significant risks. Special control measures may be needed for handling such materials.
The classification of dust hazardous atmospheres is complex and depends on many factors, including the rate of dust dispersion and sedimentation characteristics, and particle size. Further information is contained in the following Australian Standards:

    * AS/NZS 4745: Code of practice for handling combustible dusts
    * AS/NZS 60079.10.2: Explosive atmospheres – Classification of areas – Combustible dust atmospheres
Common examples of the types of industries and processes that have a potential for presenting
a fire, explosion or implosion risk are listed in Appendix I.

Off-site risks
Some activities, systems of work, structures and equipment that are not directly involved with the use, storage and handling of hazardous chemicals in the workplace may create a hazard that you need to be aware of when undertaking your risk assessment. These include:
    * Hazardous chemicals on adjacent or nearby premises that could be ignited by activities at your workplace, and other substances and materials that are not hazardous chemicals but that could add to the overall fire load, such as wooden pallets, paper, combustible liquids
      or other combustible materials.
    * Activities and installations on adjacent premises, such as the operation of plant, equipment and vehicles, deliveries of hazardous chemicals, personnel movements in normal and emergency situations, visitor access and the trial of site emergency procedures.
    * The proximity of sensitive facilities which may be put at risk by the presence of hazardous chemicals and during an emergency, such as schools, hospitals, child and aged care facilities, theatres, shopping centres and residences. These may require special consideration when planning for emergencies.
    * The presence of incompatible materials, either other chemicals or the materials that plant, equipment, storage and handling systems are made of which could react with the chemicals being stored or handled.
    * Foreseeable failures of plant, equipment, storage systems, as well as natural disasters
      or extreme weather events such as temperature extremes, wind, lightning or rainfall, including the potential for flooding.
    * Other failures which could occur and events which may give rise to new hazards or greater risk. Any examination should be systematic, and include consideration of the possibility
      of human error in the system's operation.

Risks from corrosive substances
Hazardous chemicals that are corrosive to metals can cause damage to plant and equipment, such as containers, pipes, fixtures and fittings. Corrosion can lead to leaks or complete failure and loss of containment of the chemical, resulting in serious damage to property, exposure of workers to the