Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696:body:0:p38
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2023C00696
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 107267–115796

using an alternative means must be performed.

10.6.4              Longitudinal Time Separation Minima

Minima                                                                                                                                   Application                                                                                           Conditions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Diagram
T1a                                                                                                                                      Aircraft cruising, climbing or descending                                                               1. B1, B2 or B3 has maintained and will continue to maintain an IAS at least 30 kt greater than A.
5 min                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. 5 min separation has been established by the passage of both aircraft over the same positive radio fix, or the same ATS surveillance system position observed by ATC.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 3. 1 aircraft maintains level while vertical separation does not exist.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4. The vertical separation at the commencement of the level change does not exceed 4 000 ft.
T1b                                                                                                                                      Aircraft climbing or descending, where:                                                                 1. No closing speed (IAS or Mach No) exists.
5 min                                                                                                                                      1. the preceding aircraft descends through the level of a following aircraft; or                      2. The 5 min separation has been established by the passage of both aircraft over the same positive radio fix, or the same ATS surveillance system position observed by ATC.
                                                                                                                                         2.     the following aircraft climbs through the level of a preceding aircraft                          3. The level change is commenced within 10 min of the time the second aircraft passed over the positive radio fix, or the ATS surveillance system position observed by ATC.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4. 1 aircraft maintains level while vertical separation does not exist.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 5. The vertical separation at the commencement of the change does not exceed 4 000 ft.
T1c                                                                                                                                      Aircraft cruising in a continuation of Departure Standard D4                                          The cruising IAS of the following aircraft is at least 10 kt less than and not more than 90% of the cruising IAS of the preceding aircraft.
5 min
T2                                                                                                                                       Aircraft cruising, climbing or descending                                                               Frequent determination of position and speed is possible by:
10 min                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           1. use of navigation aids; or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2. use of LRNS (INS/IRS min. G/S 300 kt) or DME on the route sections within:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   (a) CTA; or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   (b) OCA as described below:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (i) BN VOR – 350 BN (outbound); or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (ii) all routes contained in the airspace bounded by: SY VOR – BN VOR – LHI NDB and Lord Howe –Sydney routes; or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (iii) PH VOR – 350 PH (outbound); or

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (iv) POKIP – UPNOT (northbound); or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 3. position reports from RNP10 & RNP4 approved aircraft; or
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4. visual reference to the ground by day (or night for VFR aircraft).
T3                                                                                                                                       Aircraft cruising, climbing or descending, within all CTAs and OCAs except when T2 is applicable
15 min
T4                                                                                                                                       Aircraft cruising, climbing or descending                                                             The Mach Number Technique is used between aircraft:                                                                                                                                                                                                                Differ­ence in Mach No  Distance to fly and separation (in min) required at entry point
10 min                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           (a) on the same track and the aircraft have reported over a common point and 10