Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00158:front:0:p2
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00158
Segment Type: other
Provision Reference: 
Character Range: 3008–6444

acuity of one of the eyes.
Myopia:
 1.           means a visual refractive error where the refractive power of the optical system in the relaxed state is too strong for the eyeball length (the focal length of the optical system is too short), with the focus point appearing in front rather than on the retina; and
 1.           includes:
         1.             nearsightedness;
         2.          benign myopia, simple myopia, school myopia, physiological myopia;
         3.        pathological myopia, non-pathological myopia;
         4.         curvature myopia, index myopia, refractive myopia, axial myopia;
         5.           progressive myopia, stationary myopia;
         6.         degenerative myopia; and
         7.      low myopia, high myopia.
Note: High degrees of myopia can be associated with structural change to the retina, and past terminology of pathological myopia and degenerative myopia have indicated the presence of such complications of high myopia.
Hyperopia:
 1.           means a visual refractive error where the refractive power of the optical system in the relaxed state is too weak for the eyeball length (the focal length of the optical system is too long), with the focus point appearing behind rather than on the retina; and
 1.           includes:
         1.             farsightedness;
         2.          hypermetropia;
         3.        curvature hyperopia, index hyperopia, axial hyperopia; and
         4.         low hyperopia, high hyperopia; and
 2.           excludes presbyopia (age-related farsightedness).
Astigmatism:
 1.           means a visual refractive error where the refractive power of the optical system in the relaxed state is mismatched to the eyeball length as one moves around the axis of the eye, with light unable to converge to a single focus point on the retina; and
 1.           includes:
         1.             myopic astigmatism, hyperopic astigmatism, mixed astigmatism;
         2.          simple astigmatism, compound astigmatism;
         3.        regular astigmatism, irregular astigmatism;
         4.         with-the-rule astigmatism, against-the-rule astigmatism, oblique astigmatism, bioblique astigmatism; and
         5.           corneal astigmatism, lenticular astigmatism, retinal astigmatism.
 1.           While Myopia attracts ICD-10-AM code H44.2 or H52.1, Hypermetropia attracts ICD-10-AM code 52.0, and Astigmatism attracts ICD-10-AM code H52.2, in applying this Statement of Principles the meaning of Myopia, Hypermetropia and Astigmatism is that given in subsection (2).
 2.           For subsection (3), a reference to an ICD-10-AM code is a reference to the code assigned to a particular kind of injury or disease in The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM), Tenth Edition, effective date of 1 July 2017, copyrighted by the Independent Hospital Pricing Authority, ISBN 978-1-76007-296-4.
Death from visual refractive error
 1.           For the purposes of this Statement of Principles, visual refractive error, in relation to a person, includes death from a terminal event or condition that was contributed to by the person's visual refractive error.
Note: terminal event is defined in the Schedule 1 – Dictionary.
 1.                Basis for determining the factors
The Repatriation Medical Authority is of the view that there