Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287:reg:3:p177
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2025L00287
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 3 (pt 177/276)
Character Range: 657917–660907

through detection monitoring for introduced vertebrates and invertebrates.

Relevant literature
Christian M (2005) Norfolk Island … the birds. Green Eyes Publications, Norfolk Island.
Coyne P, Evans B, Evans O & McCoy H (2015) The Tasman Masked Booby Sula dactylatra tasmani of Nepean and Phillip Islands in the Norfolk Island Group. Corella 39 (3), 60–66.
Garnett ST & Baker GB (2021) The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2020. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
Priddel D, Carlile N, Evans O, Evans B & McCoy H (2010) A review of the seabirds of Phillip Island in the Norfolk Island Group. Notornis 57, 113–127.
Schodde R, Fullagar P & Hermes N (1983) A review of Norfolk Island birds past and present (Special Publication No. 8). Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, Canberra.
Tarburton MK (1981) Seabirds nesting on Norfolk Island. Notornis 28, 209–211.

6.5         Flora

Abutilon julianae—Norfolk Island abutilon
Family MALVACEAE

Conservation significance
Endemic to Norfolk Island Group
EPBC Act Listing Status: Critically Endangered

Description
A subshrub to about 1m tall with young stems covered with dense stellate hairs. Leaves with petiole 2–8 cm long; the blade of the leaf is heart shaped, hairy on the underside and almost hairless on top; solitary yellow flowers.

Distribution and abundance
Originally occurred on Norfolk Island and on Phillip Island but was lost from Norfolk Island. Rediscovered on Phillip Island after the eradication of rabbits in the 1980s (Mills 2012b). By 1988, there were about 100 small-to-medium plants and 12 medium-to-large plants known, mostly occurring over the inaccessible southern part of Phillip Island. There were three main patches: one of about 100 plants, another with 18 plants and one with about 10 plants (Sykes & Atkinson 1988).
Mills (2009b) counted 43 plants on Phillip Island (in cliff edge shrubland and pigface herbland) including mature plants and seedlings, but suggested the population was greater than this figure implies.
Abutilon julianae has now been extensively planted on Norfolk Island in the national park in open areas, and the population is increasing with increased management intervention and use of the species in rehabilitation works. The population estimate in 2021 was 227 individuals. Propagation and planting have occurred through the Norfolk Island National Park threatened flora program.
The distribution is shown in Map 23.

Ecology
Little known.

Habitat
Grows in open situations among grasses; probably previously restricted to exposed coastal sites.

Threats
Major current threats include weed invasion and competition, as well as predation by chickens. Phytophthora cinnamomi is potentially a major risk.
Map 23 Distribution of Abutilon julianae
Green outlines indicate reserves within which the species can be found. Points show recorded locations (Mills 2009b).

Impact on other species
None known.

Risk assessment
Risk assessment undertaken for Critically Endangered trees/shrubs as a