Document ID: chunk:federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288:reg:7:p2
Version: federal_register_of_legislation:F2013C00288
Segment Type: reg
Provision Reference: reg 7 (pt 2/4)
Character Range: 1628733–1633170

sufficient data—that is, toxicity data for at least five species or soil processes that belong to at least three taxonomic or nutrient groups (Schedule B5b)—available to derive SQGs using a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methodology.

Given that Cu does not biomagnify, the level of protection recommended in the SQG derivation methodology for urban residential/public open space land is 80% (that is, 80% of species would be protected) (Schedule B5b).

Table 47. The lowest geometric mean values of the normalised copper (Cu) toxicity data (expressed in terms of added Cu) for soil microbial processes.
Soil process                     Geometric means (mg/kg added Cu)
                                 EC10 or NOEC                      EC30 or LOEC  EC50
Ammonification                   721                               1081          2164
Denitrification                  59.6                              149           179
Glutamic acid decomposition      64.7                              329           659
Maize residue mineralisation     199                               299           597
Microbial biomass carbon         35.6                              80.9          107
Microbial biomass nitrogen       141                               90.9          174
N mineralisation                 81                                84            160
Potential nitrification rate     137                               205           282
Respiration                      151                               916           3165
Substrate induced nitrification  276                               421           700
Substrate induced respiration    86                                224           589

Table 48. The lowest geometric mean values of the normalised copper (Cu) toxicity data (expressed in terms of added Cu) for soil invertebrate species.
Species      Geometric means
             (mg/kg added Cu)
Common name  Scientific name         EC10 or NOEC  EC30 or LOEC  EC50
Earthworm    Eisenia andrei          44.3          66.5          133
Earthworm    Eisenia fetida          61.4          129           169
Earthworm    Lumbriculus rubellus    42.4          117           656
Mite         Hypoapsis aculeifer     195           293           586
Mite         Platynothrus peltifer   70.7          106           212
Nematode     Plectus acuminatus      27.6          86.4          259
Potworm      Cognettia sphagnetorum  36.2          61.7          94.6
Springtail   Folsomia fimetaria      265           398           630
Springtail   Folsomia candida        205           343           499
Springtail   Isotoma viridis         135           202           405

Table 49. The lowest geometric mean values of the normalised copper (Cu) toxicity data (expressed in terms of added Cu) for individual plant species.
Plant species         Geometric means
                      (mg/kg added Cu)
Common name           Scientific name          EC10 or NOEC  EC30 or LOEC  EC50
Annual meadow grass   Poa annua                99.4          90.2          140
Barley                Hordeum vulgare          47.5          74.6          187
Canola                Brassica napus           825           1157          1125
Cotton                Gossypium sp.
Groundsel             Senico vulgaris          27.8          56.4          87.7
Maize                 Zea mays
Millet                Panicum milaceum
Oats                  Avena sativa             147           221           442
Peanuts               Arachis hypogaea
Perennial ryegrass    Lolium perenne           69.5          374           690
Smooth hawkesbeard    Hypochoeris radicata     98.2          164           186
Sorghum               Sorghum sp.
Sugar cane            Sacharum sp.
Tomato                Lycopersicon esculentum  126           196           325
Triticale             Tritosecale sp.
Wheat                 Triticum aestivum
Wild buckwheat        Polygonum convolvulus    124           196           169
Daisy family          Andryala integrifolia    75.5          105           127

7.4              Normalisation relationships
A normalisation relationship is an empirical model that predicts the toxicity of a single contaminant to a single species using soil physicochemical properties (for example, soil pH and organic carbon content). Normalisation relationships are used to account for the effect of soil characteristics on toxicity data. Thus,