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Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the gold standard therapy for cutaneous melanoma and are also used effectively in treating other types of skin cancer. Hematologic toxicities are... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Clinical and biological biomarkers able to predict these events have been poorly explored and have not yet been identified. Case presentation We present four cases of hematologic toxicity in melanoma patients and one case in a patient with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, all of which arose during treatment with ICIs... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Hemolytic anemia was the most frequent event; neutropenia with agranulocytosis happened in one case and was fatal. ICI treatment was discontinued in all five cases and was never restarted. Two prevalent features were male sex and older age (>70 years old). | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Two prevalent features were male sex and older age (>70 years old). These events were independent of the response to ICIs. Indeed, they occurred in a patient who progressed during treatment and in patients who responded completely to therapy. | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Indeed, they occurred in a patient who progressed during treatment and in patients who responded completely to therapy. Previous diarrhea due to ICIs (patients 1, 2, and 5), asthenia (patients 3 and 4), and a sudden increase in lactate dehydrogenase levels despite the absence of disease progression (patients 2, 3, 4, a... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Conclusion Our study underscores the rarity and potential severity of hematologic toxicities, underlining the need for heightened clinician awareness and the incorporation of hematologic guidance into oncologic practice. Although predictive biomarkers remain unvalidated, monitoring immune cell subsets or recognizing wa... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
1 Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of patients with early- and late-stage melanoma by improving clinical and radiological responses and extending overall survival ( Carlino et al., 2021 ). Despite their efficacy, ICIs can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Hematologic toxicities are rare irAEs induced by ICIs, either as monotherapy or in combination. Currently, descriptions of these events are limited to case reports or retrospective analyses ( Davis et al., 2019 ; Delanoy et al., 2019 ; Kroll et al., 2022 ). Due to the rarity of hematologic toxicities and the difficulty... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Due to the rarity of hematologic toxicities and the difficulty of diagnosing them, it is challenging to estimate their incidence. However, some authors suggest frequencies of 3.6% for all grades of toxicity and 0.7% for grades 3–4 ( Michot et al., 2019 ). Toxicities of all grades were found to be higher with anti–progr... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Toxicities of all grades were found to be higher with anti–programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) (4.1%) (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) or anti–programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (4.7%) than with anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA4) (0.5%) (ipilimumab) ( Michot et al., 2019 ). The mortality rate for high-... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Due to their rarity and the poor understanding of their clinical presentation and spectrum of events, they are not always recognized and promptly managed. The range of clinical manifestations includes immune thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, neutropenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), bicytopenia, p... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
The time to onset varies; half of hematologic irAEs appear within the first 10 weeks after ICIs are initiated, with most resolving within one to 2 months ( Delanoy et al., 2019 ). Regarding the anti-PD-1 antibody cemiplimab, which is used to treat skin squamous cell carcinoma, a study reported only neutropenia occurren... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Although rare, the widespread use of ICIs to treat various cancer types increases the likelihood of encountering hematologic irAEs ( Keam et al., 2024 ). Therapeutic strategies include the use of steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, rituximab, blood component transfusions, growth factor support, and immunosuppressant... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Early consultation with a hematologist is advised for diagnosis and management. A bone marrow examination should be considered to rule out other causes of pancytopenia, such as marrow infiltration, secondary myelodysplastic syndrome, or aplastic anemia. Currently, there are no identified predisposing risk factors or pr... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Currently, there are no identified predisposing risk factors or prognostic biomarkers that can prevent patients from developing such toxicities. 2 Case series We present five cases of skin cancer patients ( Table 1 ) we observed in a period of 3 years who developed grade 2 to 4 hematologic toxicity to ICI therapy, as g... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Four patients had cutaneous or mucosal melanomas, and one patient had cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Data regarding comorbidities, medications, relapse, follow-up, and rechallenge with ICIs are presented in Table 2 . Data on available hematologic elements are reported in Table 3 . | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Data on available hematologic elements are reported in Table 3 . TABLE 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients. Patient/sex Age (years) Tumor mutation -PD-L1 expression ICI Setting Hematologic event – grading a Time to event (mo) Best response to ICI Death 1M 73 BRAF wt c-KIT wt N-RAS n.a. | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Patient/sex Age (years) Tumor mutation -PD-L1 expression ICI Setting Hematologic event – grading a Time to event (mo) Best response to ICI Death 1M 73 BRAF wt c-KIT wt N-RAS n.a. PD-L1 < 1 Nivolumab + ipilimumab 1 st L Agranulocytosis G4 3.5 PD Y 2M 74 BRAF wt N-RAS Q61X PD-L1 < 1 Ipilimumab 2 nd L AIHA G4 0.5 PR N 3M ... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Nivolumab adj AIHA G4 7 NED N 4F 78 BRAF K601E PD-L1 > 1 Pembrolizumab adj AIHA G2 1.5 NED N 5M 78 n.a. Cemiplimab 1 st L MDS G4 4 CR Y M: male, F: female, ICI: checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, L: line of treatment, G: grading, AIHA: autoimmune hemolytic anemia, MDS: myelodysplastic syndrome, adj: adjuvant, NED: no ... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
: not available, BRAF: B-Raf proto-oncogene, N-RAS: Neuroblastoma RAS, Viral (V-Ras), wt: wild type, PD-L1: programmed cell death-ligand 1. a Toxicities were graded according to CTCAE v5.0 criteria. TABLE 2 Clinical data on patient clinical situations and outcomes. Patient Comorbidies Concomitant drugs Response to irAE... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Patient Comorbidies Concomitant drugs Response to irAE treatments Last f-up Relapse - progression Current status a Rechallenge 1 None None No 11/2024 (death) Yes - No 2 -Arterial hypertension -Benign prostatic hyperplasia Valsartan Dutasteride Yes 11/2025 Yes Palliative No 3 -Arterial hypertension -Benign prostatic hyp... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
TABLE 3 Transfusion details and outcome. Patient Transfusion number of unit Reactions to transfusion Threshold Steroid treatment a 1 None NA 8 Concomitant 2 7 None 7 After 3 3 None 7 Concomitant 4 None NA 8 After 5 None NA 8 Concomitant NA: not applicable. Concomitant: the patient was under steroid treatment at the tim... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
Concomitant: the patient was under steroid treatment at the time of the irAE. After: the patient received steroid treatment after the diagnosis of the irAE. 2.1 Case 1 2.1.1 Patient information and clinical findings The first case was a 73-year-old man with metastatic mucosal melanoma of the anorectal junction, which w... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
2.1 Case 1 2.1.1 Patient information and clinical findings The first case was a 73-year-old man with metastatic mucosal melanoma of the anorectal junction, which was diagnosed in July 2024. The patient was in good clinical condition and had no comorbidities in his medical history. The melanoma was BRAF wild-type and ne... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
The melanoma was BRAF wild-type and negative for c-KIT and PD-L1. Due to the extent of the disease, which included multiple bilateral iliac, obturator, and presacral lymph nodes, as well as symptoms, the patient began palliative radiotherapy on the primary tumor and systemic immunotherapy with ipilimumab (3 mg/kg), plu... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
2.1.2 Timeline After the first cycle of immunotherapy, the patient developed grade 3 diarrhea, which went into remission after receiving a 1 mg/kg dose of steroids. Due to toxicity and limited treatment options, ipilimumab was discontinued and nivolumab was administered for two additional cycles without the appearance ... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
However, a computed tomography (CT) scan performed in October 2024 revealed significant disease progression in the liver, lungs, and lymph nodes. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased to 486 U/L. The patient was admitted to the hospital for a liver biopsy. | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
The patient was admitted to the hospital for a liver biopsy. On the first day, the patient had grade 4 febrile neutropenia: 2.0 × 10 3 μL white blood cells, 0.01 × 10 3 μL neutrophils, 1.75 × 10 3 μL lymphocytes, and 0.05 × 10 3 μL monocytes. His hemoglobin and platelet levels were within normal values, and his C-react... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
His hemoglobin and platelet levels were within normal values, and his C-reactive protein (CRP) level was 162.9 mg/L. 2.1.3 Outcomes and follow-up Over the next month, the patient received meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, high-dose intravenous steroids, an antimycotic, and daily granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,... | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | general |
A bone marrow biopsy showed aplasia limited to the myeloid cells. The patient became depressed and decided to go home against medical advice. The patient died the day after, just 4 months after the melanoma diagnosis. | 41567626 | PMC12816168 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Hematologic immune-related adverse events in skin cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case series. | full_text | symptom |
Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010–2023)
Background Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes are rare, immune-mediated disorders triggered by malignancies. They may precede cancer diagnosis or signal its recurrence, highlighting their potential value as early warn... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Their recognition is critical for timely diagnosis and appropriate management. Methods We performed a systematic review of case reports and case series published between 2010 and 2023 in PubMed database, focusing on six major syndromes: cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), bilater... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
We extracted demographic, clinical, immunologic, oncologic, therapeutic, and outcome-related data. Results A total of 132 articles comprising 147 patients were included: 53 with CAR, 22 with MAR, 26 with BDUMP, 16 with AEPPVM, 11 with PU, and 19 with PON. Visual impairment was bilateral in over 90% of cases. | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Visual impairment was bilateral in over 90% of cases. The most frequently associated malignancies were lung cancers (notably small-cell lung carcinoma), gynecological cancers, and melanoma. Onconeural autoantibodies were tested in serum—most commonly revealing anti-recoverin and anti-alpha-enolase in CAR, and anti-CRMP... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Onconeural autoantibodies were tested in serum—most commonly revealing anti-recoverin and anti-alpha-enolase in CAR, and anti-CRMP5 in PON—but were never assessed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), despite its potential diagnostic value. Therapeutic approach was highly heterogeneous and largely empirical, with systemic cort... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Visual prognosis varied but was especially poor in CAR, for which 49.1% of patients experienced worsening vision. Notably, in CAR, an early oncologic diagnosis (within 6 months after symptom onset) was significantly associated with a favorable visual outcome ( p = 0.03). Conclusion We identified a clinical profile of p... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Conclusion We identified a clinical profile of patients in whom paraneoplastic ocular syndromes should be suspected. These rare inflammatory disorders may serve as early indicators of malignancy. Further studies are needed to improve diagnostic pathways, optimize immunologic workup (including CSF testing), and guide th... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Further studies are needed to improve diagnostic pathways, optimize immunologic workup (including CSF testing), and guide therapeutic strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12348-025-00534-1. Introduction Paraneoplastic syndromes are systemic manif... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Introduction Paraneoplastic syndromes are systemic manifestations associated with malignancies that are not directly attributable to local or metastatic tumor invasion, and that cannot be explained by nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disorders, infections or iatrogenic causes [ 1 ]. Paraneoplastic syndromes affect a... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Bronchopulmonary cancers – especially small-cell lung carcinomas – are the most commonly associated malignancies. Although rare, these manifestations can be used as early markers of malignancy, and thus represent a major diagnostic challenge. The term “masquerade syndrome” was first introduced in 1967 to describe a cas... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
The term “masquerade syndrome” was first introduced in 1967 to describe a case of conjunctival carcinoma initially misdiagnosed as chronic and resistant conjunctivitis [ 3 ]. The concept was subsequently extended to a range of ocular pathologies which, by mimicking chronic idiopathic inflammation, can delay the identif... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
In fact, these inflammatory manifestations correspond either to ocular neoplastic disorders (e.g. intraocular lymphoma or retinoblastoma), or to ocular paraneoplastic disorders [ 4 ]. This work focuses on the latter etiology. | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
This work focuses on the latter etiology. Ocular paraneoplastic disorders were first described in 1976. They remain a rare entity, affecting only 0.01% of patients with malignancies [ 5 ]. | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
They remain a rare entity, affecting only 0.01% of patients with malignancies [ 5 ]. Their rarity, associated with their polymorphic clinical presentation, makes their recognition and diagnosis particularly challenging. The eye is theoretically protected from pathogenic inflammatory reactions to prevent significant los... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
The eye is theoretically protected from pathogenic inflammatory reactions to prevent significant loss of function due to tissue damage. In this respect, several mechanisms contribute to its immunological privilege, providing a state of immune tolerance. These include secretion of intraocular immunosuppressive factors, ... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
These include secretion of intraocular immunosuppressive factors, major histocompatibility complex class II low expression, and effector T cells conversion into regulatory T cells, Programmed Death-Ligand 1 and Fas-Ligand expression, which induce apoptosis of immune cells [ 6 ]. One explanation for the occurrence of oc... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
In this context, the host immune response, initially directed against the tumor, triggers the production of autoantibodies capable of recognizing these antigens in remote tissues, leading to potentially severe ophthalmic damage. One example is recoverin, a photoreceptor-specific protein involved in cancer-associated re... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Ocular paraneoplastic disorders can take different clinical forms. They represent an important warning signal and can sometimes precede the discovery of cancer, occur in parallel with its progression, or herald a recurrence. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of these ophthalmic inflammatory phenom... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
This study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of these ophthalmic inflammatory phenomena associated with cancer through a systematic review of the literature between 2010 and 2023. Methods The PubMed database was used to conduct a systematic literature review, using the keywords: “cancer-associated retinopath... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
A single reviewer screened all abstracts retrieved to finalize article selection. The set of identified articles was cross-referenced with those retrieved from a search using the MESH term “paraneoplastic ocular syndromes “. Inclusion criteria were: clinical case descriptions and clinical case series, published between... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Inclusion criteria were: clinical case descriptions and clinical case series, published between January 2010 and December 2023, with an available abstract, in French and English. Exclusion criteria were: general reviews, pathophysiology articles, exclusive therapeutic reviews, and pediatric cases. Collected information... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Collected information included age, sex, age at diagnosis of the ophthalmic condition, age at oncological diagnosis, type of ophthalmic condition and associatedclinical and paraclinical data at diagnosis (visual acuity at diagnosis, slit-lamp examination, fundus examination, angiography, optical coherence tomography (O... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
The secondary aims were to describe clinical data related to ophthalmic conditions, biological data focusing on autoantibodies, investigate the timeline between ophthalmic conditions and cancer diagnosis, describe immunosuppressive treatments used for ophthalmic conditions, and assess the evolution of ophthalmic condit... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
Percentages and frequencies of demographic, clinical, and biological variables were calculated for the entire study population as well as for the subgroup of patients with available clinical outcome data. When visual progression data were available, qualitative data comparisons between subgroups of patients with favora... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Quantitative data comparisons between the two groups were conducted using the Student’s t-test or the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney exact test when the sample size was below five per group. Results Enrolled population A literature search of the PubMed database identified 481 articles related to ocular paraneoplastic syndromes ... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Among these 481 articles, 155 focused on cancer associated retinopathy (CAR, 32.2%), 83 on melanoma associated retinopathy (MAR, 17.3%), 48 on acute exudative polymorphous paraneoplastic vitelliform maculopathy (AEPPVM, 10%), 94 on bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP, 19.5%), 64 on paraneoplastic u... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Ultimately, from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2023, 132 case reports or case series were included in this systematic literature review, comprising: 48 articles on CAR, 22 on MAR, 14 on AEPPVM, 21 on BDUMP, 11 on paraneoplastic uveitis, and 16 on paraneoplastic optic neuropathies (Fig. 1 Flow chart of reports select... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
CAR: Carcinoma associated retinopathy, MAR: Melanoma associated retinopathy, AEPPVM: Acute exudative paraneoplastic polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy, BDUMP: Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation, PU: paraneoplastic uveitis, PON: paraneoplastic optic neuropathy. Details of the studies included in this re... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Demographic data There was no significant difference in mean age between the groups of patients according to each ophthalmic condition ( p = 0.2) (Table 1 ). Mean ages were 61.9 years for CAR, 67.1 years for MAR, 66.5 years for BDUMP, 58.3 years for AEPPVM, 54.8 years for paraneoplastic uveitis, and 63.6 years for para... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | general |
Although no significant difference in sex was observed between the groups ( p = 0.2), a trend was noted in some subgroups. In the MAR, BDUMP, and AEPPVM groups, males predominated, with male-to-female ratios of 2.1 (68.2% vs. 31.8%), 1.8 (65.4% vs. 34.6%), and 2.2 (68.7% vs. 31.3%), respectively. Table 1 General and op... | 41003888 | PMC12474834 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Paraneoplastic ocular syndromes: a systematic review of epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes (2010-2023). | full_text | symptom |
FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults With HLA-Restricted MAGE-A4 Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma After Prior Chemotherapy
On August 1, 2024, the FDA granted accelerated approval to afamitresgene autoleucel, a melanoma-associated antigen-A4 (MAGE-A4)-directed genetically modifi... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Patients received a single dose of afamitresgene autoleucel following lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Of the 44 efficacy evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 43.2% (95% CI: 28.4, 59.0), with complete response in two patients (4.5%). The median duration of response was 6.0 months (95% CI: 4.6, not reached [NR... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
The median duration of response was 6.0 months (95% CI: 4.6, not reached [NR]) with a median follow-up of 21.9 months. Among the 44 patients, cytokine release syndrome occurred in 75% (Grade ≥3, 2%) warranting a Boxed Warning. Grade ≥3 infections occurred in 14% of patients and prolonged severe cytopenias also occurred... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
Grade ≥3 infections occurred in 14% of patients and prolonged severe cytopenias also occurred. One patient developed Grade 1 immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity and one patient developed Epstein-Barr virus-positive lymphoproliferative disease. Notably, during review of this application, FDA identified issues ... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
Notably, during review of this application, FDA identified issues with data quality and study conduct that prompted an independent re-review of imaging assessments. The results of the re-review were the basis for FDA’s determination of substantial evidence of effectiveness. This represents the first FDA approval of a T... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
This represents the first FDA approval of a T-cell receptor gene therapy. It is also the first FDA approval specifically for SS, representing a new treatment modality for this rare population who lack effective therapies. Introduction On August 1, 2024, the FDA granted accelerated approval to afamitresgene autoleucel (... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Introduction On August 1, 2024, the FDA granted accelerated approval to afamitresgene autoleucel (Tecelra) for the treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic synovial sarcoma (SS) who have received prior chemotherapy, are HLA-A*02:01P, -A*02:02P, -A*02:03P, or -A*02:06P positive, and whose tumors express the m... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) affecting 800 to 1,000 people in the U.S. annually. It primarily occurs in adolescents and young adults. Approximately 50% of patients with SS develop recurrent or metastatic disease following standard-of-care treatment ( 3 ). | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Approximately 50% of patients with SS develop recurrent or metastatic disease following standard-of-care treatment ( 3 ). Advanced unresectable and metastatic SS has a poor prognosis, with a reported median overall survival (OS) of approximately 16 to 24 months ( 3 , 4 ). While standard first-line treatment of advanced... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
While standard first-line treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic SS includes combination anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens, there is no consensus on optimal second-line therapy. The kinase inhibitor pazopanib is approved in the U.S. for patients with STS who received prior chemotherapy ( 5 ). Before t... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Before this approval, there were no U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapies specifically for SS in any treatment setting. Afamitresgene autoleucel is a genetically modified autologous T-cell immunotherapy consisting of cluster of differentiation (CD)4- and CD8-positive T cells transduced with a self-... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
The transduced, autologous T cells express an enhanced-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for HLA-A*02-restricted MAGE-A4 peptides. MAGE-A4 is a cancer-testis antigen with restricted expression in normal tissues that is overexpressed in the majority of SS ( 6 ). This report summarizes the FDA’s clinical review and... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
This report summarizes the FDA’s clinical review and regulatory decision making. Trial Design The safety and efficacy of afamitresgene autoleucel was evaluated in Study ADP-0044–002 (Spearhead 1; NCT04044768 ), a phase 2, single-arm, open-label, multicenter, multicohort clinical trial of afamitresgene autoleucel. Eligi... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Eligible patients were required to be 16 years of age or older with MAGE-A4 expressing advanced SS or myxoid/round cell liposarcoma who had received at least one prior line of chemotherapy. Patients were required to have an ECOG performance status of ≤1, have been treated with prior anthracycline- or ifosfamide-contain... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
MAGE-A4 expression was defined as a 2+ staining in ≥30% of the cells by an immunohistochemistry (IHC) clinical trial assay at a centralized testing site. The study excluded patients who were positive for HLA-A*02:05 allele, had symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) metastases, or had received or planned to receive a... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Following lymphodepleting chemotherapy with fludarabine 30 mg/m 2 /day for 4 days (Days −7 to −4) and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2 /day for 3 days (Days −7 to −5), patients received a single infusion of afamitresgene autoleucel at the recommended dose range of 2.68 × 10 9 to 10 × 10 9 MAGE-A4 TCR-positive T cells on Day... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Patients remained hospitalized for observation for at least 24 hours post-T-cell infusion. The primary efficacy endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) as assessed by an independent review committee (IRC) according to RECIST v.1.1. Duration of response (DOR) was a key secondary endpoint. | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Duration of response (DOR) was a key secondary endpoint. The primary evidence to support the safety and effectiveness derives from Cohort 1 of Study ADP-0044–002; Cohort 2 provided supportive safety data. Trial Results Study Population Of the 52 patients with SS enrolled in Cohort 1, 45 patients (87%) received lymphode... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Trial Results Study Population Of the 52 patients with SS enrolled in Cohort 1, 45 patients (87%) received lymphodepletion and 44 (85%) received afamitresgene autoleucel. The primary efficacy analysis population consists of patients with SS treated with afamitresgene autoleucel in Cohort 1 (i.e., the modified intent-to... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
The median time from leukapheresis to start of lymphodepletion for the primary efficacy analysis population was 1.7 months. The demographic and baseline characteristics of the mITT population are shown in Table 1 . Sixty-four percent (28 of 44) of patients lived in the United States and 82% of patients were between the... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Sixty-four percent (28 of 44) of patients lived in the United States and 82% of patients were between the ages of 18 and 49. The study enrolled no pediatric patients. Sixteen patients (36.4%) received bridging therapy, with pazopanib (25%), ifosfamide (7%), trabectedin (2%), or doxorubicin (2%). | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Sixteen patients (36.4%) received bridging therapy, with pazopanib (25%), ifosfamide (7%), trabectedin (2%), or doxorubicin (2%). The median dose of afamitresgene autoleucel administered was 8 × 10 9 MAGE-A4 TCR-positive T cells (range: 2.68 × 10 9 to 9.99 × 10 9 ). Efficacy The efficacy results are shown in Table 2 . | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Efficacy The efficacy results are shown in Table 2 . The ORR was 43.2% (95% CI: 28.4, 59.0). The median duration of follow-up for all patients was 21.9 months by reverse Kaplan Meier (KM) estimate. | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
The median duration of follow-up for all patients was 21.9 months by reverse Kaplan Meier (KM) estimate. Among the 19 patients who achieved a response, durable response at 6, 12, and 24 months was 45.6%, 39.0%, and 39.0%, respectively, based on KM estimate. DOR was censored for 8 of the 19 responders (42%) as of the da... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
DOR was censored for 8 of the 19 responders (42%) as of the data cut-off. Reasons for censoring included being alive and progressive disease free (n=5), end of intervention phase before progressive disease (n=2), and missing imaging assessments (n=1). Safety The primary safety analysis population consists of the 44 pat... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Safety The primary safety analysis population consists of the 44 patients with SS enrolled in Cohort 1 who received afamitresgene autoleucel within the intended dose range. The most common adverse reactions are shown in Table 3 . Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities that worsened from baseline and occurred in ≥20% of ... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities that worsened from baseline and occurred in ≥20% of patients were lymphopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. A total of 37 patients died during the study, 24 patients in Cohort 1. All deaths were due to disease under study and occurred >30 days after afamit... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
All deaths were due to disease under study and occurred >30 days after afamitresgene autoleucel administration except for one patient in Cohort 2 who died due to septic shock 9 days after afamitresgene autoleucel administration and after the data cut-off date. All but one case of CRS were Grade 1 or 2 in severity and t... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | general |
Only one case of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) (Grade 1) occurred, with a time to onset of 2 days and time to resolution of 1 day. Grade ≥3 cytopenia not resolved by Week 4 was considered prolonged. Grade 3 or 4 anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia not resolved by Week 4 occurred i... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
Grade 3 or 4 anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia not resolved by Week 4 occurred in 9%, 11%, and 5% of patients, respectively. The median time to resolution was 7.3 weeks for anemia, 9.3 weeks for neutropenia, and 6.3 weeks for thrombocytopenia. Infection occurred following lymphodepleting chemotherapy and afamit... | 40423661 | PMC12316539 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | FDA Approval Summary: Afamitresgene Autoleucel for Adults with HLA-Restricted, MAGE-A4-Positive Unresectable or Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma after Prior Chemotherapy. | full_text | symptom |
Evaluating the use of new and advanced technologies in a population-based cancer registry
Background: Cancer is typically a notifiable disease, with notifications captured in population-based cancer registries (PBCR) to inform public health cancer control. Despite the importance of PBCRs, a knowledge gap exists regard... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Objective: To examine the impact of electronic reporting, machine learning and automation on PBCR data quality and utility. Method: A mixed-methods, participatory, performance story evaluation was conducted in 2022 to examine data quality (completeness, coverage, timeliness and efficiency) and utility (real-time dashbo... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Results: A two-fold increase in cancer notifications was observed between 2012 and 2021 ( n = +171,841; 103% increase). Electronic data receipt increased by 63-percentage points between 2015 and 2021 (12% to 75%), and the number of services that provided electronic data also increased during this time. Timeliness of da... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Timeliness of data receipt improved between 2012 and 2021, with 87% ( n = 293,544) received on time in 2021. Manual requests, data extraction and processing times decreased from 4791 to 483 requests (2012–2021) and 921 to 63 days (2017–2021). Utility was enhanced, as supported by collaboration. | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Utility was enhanced, as supported by collaboration. Greater confidence in population-level quality improvement initiatives was reported, and an increase in research activity and functionality observed. Conclusion: Electronic reporting, machine learning and automation can improve data quality, utility and cancer contro... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Conclusion: Electronic reporting, machine learning and automation can improve data quality, utility and cancer control capability, with collaboration remaining essential. Implications for health information management practice: Innovative technologies and collaboration can improve PBCRs and strengthen health care, poli... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Introduction Population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) are the gold standard for population health cancer information ( North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, 2008 ). They enable the collection, analysis and reporting of cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality, survival and other cancer characteristi... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Central to public health programs, PBCRs help reduce cancer surveillance inaccuracies, inform health system and service planning ( Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences, 2024 ), estimate future cancer burden and trends and strengthen research infrastructure ( Ahmed et al., 2024 ; Hernandez-Boussard et al., 2... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Reporting timeliness is a major priority for registry users ( Bray and Parkin, 2009 ), driven, in part, by the expanding utility and value of PBCRs. Novel and advanced digital data engineering technologies can improve PBCR health information management systems and the timeliness of registry reporting. Traditionally, re... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
Traditionally, registries have relied on manual data collection and analysis. However, these methods are costly, time-consuming, and prone to error; they deliver limited transparency and traceability and result in reporting time lags (or longer data latency periods) ( Offodile et al., 2021 ; Sutton et al., 2020 ; Tangk... | 38970918 | PMC12756513 | melanoma signs symptoms warning | Innovative use of Australian cancer registry data for early detection of the effects of epidemics and other mass disruptions on cancer incidence. | full_text | general |
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