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1103d18a-f3fd-405b-8ccc-b184c919901c | A paial agonist has: | High affinity but low intrinsic activity | High affinity but no intrinsic activity | Low affinity but high intrinsic activity | Low affinity and low intrinsic activity | 0a | single | Affinity Affinity Intrinsic Activity Agonist High High Paial agonist High Low Inverse agonist High Negative Antagonist High No | Pharmacology | Pharmacodynamics |
7a1968e6-6884-4d96-bc46-915ae37661b0 | Testes completely descend in the scrotum by the: DNB 09 | End of 7th month | End of 8th month | End of 9th month | After bih | 2c | single | Ans. End of 9th month | Forensic Medicine | null |
1635e48f-815f-4015-aa80-79ecc412e48b | Coloured halos are seen in all, except –a) Mucopurulent conjunctivitis b) Acute anterior uveitisc) Tetracyclined) Glaucoma | bc | c | ac | ad | 0a | multi | Coloured halos are not seen in acute anterior uveitis and this is one of the differentiating points between acute anterior uveitis and acute angle closure glaucoma
Tetracycline does not cause coloured halos.
Important drugs causing coloured halos
Amiodarone
A... | Ophthalmology | null |
d381966d-db83-4935-b045-cfbe1de464c6 | Which of the following statements about lung carcinoma is true | Squamous cell variant accounts for 70% of all lung cancer | Oat cell variant typically present with cavitation | Oat cell variant is typically associated with hilar adenopathy | Adenocarcinoma variant is typically central in location | 2c | multi | Small cell carcinoma usually occurs in central bronchi with associated mediastinal and hilar adenopathy being a common presentation at time of diagnosis Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 515 | Anatomy | Respiratory system |
43d0b8ec-0727-4ab3-9747-127003c4c79c | Drug of choice for infantile spasms in a child with Tuberous sclerosis is: | Diazepam | ACTH | Levetiracetam | Vigabatrin | 3d | single | Drug of choice for infantile spasms in a child with Tuberous sclerosis is Vigabatrin. D.O.C for infantile spasm is ACTH inj. | Pediatrics | Neurocutaneous syndromes |
931f53f2-c974-46fa-98b4-3ad06ec2d352 | Side effect of clomiphene citrate includes all except: | Multiple pregnancy | Increase risk of ovarian cancer | Multiple polycystic ovary | Teratogenic effect on off springs | 3d | multi | Ans. is d, i.e. Teratogenic effect on offspringsRef: Jeffcoates 7th/ed, p!05; Leon Speroff 7th/ed, p1182; Ref: Textbook Gynecology Show 4th/ed, p281Side effects of clomiphene:* Increased risk of multiple pregnancy* Hot flushes* Nausea, vomiting* Headache* Visual disturbances like scotoma* Ovarian hyperstimulation syndr... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiology & Histology |
429ebbf1-5e0f-438f-a0fe-d78a5fe7b839 | Paragangliomas may show production of - | ACTH | Catecholamines | GH | ADH | 1b | single | When pheochromacytomas arise at extra-adrenal site, they are referred to as paraganglioma.
Paravertebral paragangliomas secrete catecholamines.
Note -chemodectomas usually do not secrete catecholamines. | Pathology | null |
b151c986-4455-43fa-8914-3289cd057c2b | In organophosphorus compound poisoning, organophosphorus compound actions are - | Phosphorylates enzyme | Irreversibly inhibit cholinesterase | Oximes effective when given beyond 24 hours | Atropine can't reverse in early stage | 0a | single | Mechanism of Action Organophosphorus compounds are inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase by phosphorylating the enzyme. Acetyl cholinesterase is required to hydrolyse acetylcholine to choline and acetic acid As a result, there is accumulation of acetylcholine with continued stimulation of local receptors and eventual para... | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
715ff722-b228-4f98-9edf-9f913cb790fd | Inspiratory stridor is due to lesions of: | Supraglottis | Subglottis | Trachea | Bronchi | 0a | single | STRIDOR 1. Inspiratory stridor - obstructive lesion of supraglottis of pharynx. 2. Expiratory stridor - lesion of thoracic trachea, primary and secondary bronchi 3. Biphasic stridor - lesion of glottis sub glottis and cervical trachea. | ENT | NEET 2019 |
c23ff6e7-5a89-4b1a-be4c-03908fc13fd1 | Tensor tympani muscle inses at: | Head of Malleus | Neck of Malleus | Handle of malleus | Lateral Process of Malleus | 2c | multi | The tensor tympani arises from the cailaginous poion of the auditory tube, and the adjoining pa of the great wing of the sphenoid, as well as from the osseous canal in which it is contained. Passing backward through the canal, it ends in a slender tendon which enters the tympanic cavity, makes a sharp bend around the e... | ENT | Anatomy of Middle Ear |
2ccede39-a077-45a2-b0ca-79e637bdaa59 | A patient treated for infeility with clomiphene citrate presents with sudden onset of abdominal pain and distension with ascites the probable cause is | Uterine repture | Ectopic pregnancy rupture | Multifetal pregnancy | Hyperstimulation syndrome | 3d | single | Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome It is an iatrogenic complication of ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins and clomiphene-induced cycles Charecteristic feature of OHSS is an increase in capillary permeability resulting in fluid shift from intravascular to extravascular spaces Mechanism of Action Probably me... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Reproductive physiology and hormones in females |
0a5b8ddc-6b32-49ad-aac0-3283d38ae4f3 | A patient comes to the clinic with complaints of depressed mood, he does not go out of his house much and is cut off from society. He has normal sleep and normal body weight. What is he most probably suffering from? | Major depression | Dysthymia | Chronic fatigue syndrome | No psychiatric illness | 1b | single | Dysthymia also known as neurotic depression is a mood disorder consisting of chronic depression, with less severe but longer lasting symptoms than major depressive disorder. They will usually find little pleasure in usual activities and pastimes. Major depression significantly affects a person's family and personal rel... | Psychiatry | null |
5a9060d6-cbd0-411e-a967-181025cde38c | Uterine and vaginal veins drains into which of the following veins ? | external iliac veins | internal iliac veins | common iliac veins | inferior vena cavae | 1b | single | Venous Drainage - The veins form a plexus along the lateral border of the uterus. The plexus drains through the uterine, ovarian and vaginal veins into the internal iliac veins. Ref : B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy , seventh edition,volume 2, pg.no., 422. | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
1dcd4280-9b95-45f7-8828-9e956fef6999 | The lateral fornix is related to all except - | Ureter | Uterine artery | Inferior vesical artery | Transverse cervical ligament | 2c | multi | Relation of the lateral fornix
- Transverse cervical ligament
- Vaginal vein
- Ureter
- Uterine artery | Anatomy | null |
b804d1e5-b8c5-455e-8f72-874cc56c25d2 | The minimum level of TSH that can he detected by TSH assay of the third generation thyroid function tests is which of the following? | 0.4 lU/ml | 0.04 IU/ml | 0.004 lU/ml | 4 IU/ml | 1b | single | Functional sensitivities for three generations of TSH assays: First generation: Functional sensitivity is 1-2 IU/mL Second generation: Functional sensitivity is 0.1-0.2 IU/mL Third generation: Functional sensitivity is 0.01-0.02 IU/mL Among the options more appropriate is 0.04 IU/mL Ref: Aicle: Evolution of TSH Assays:... | Biochemistry | null |
c2ebeed7-771a-435a-8ba1-70e0d0b81dda | This type of psoriasis is commonly seen in children and may follow a streptococcal sore throat: | Pustular | Stable plaque | Arthropathic | Guttate | 3d | single | Ans. d. GuttateGuttate psoriasis occurs after beta-Haemolytic streptococcal upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) | Skin | Papulosquamous Disorders |
5c0d9ea8-b9b0-4533-9251-c29e73f4abc4 | A cystic, transilluminant, painless scrotal swelling presented with testes separately palpable. The procedure to be done is | Lords' procedure | Hunters' procedure | Gibbons' procedure | Ombredanne's procedure | 0a | single | (A) Lords' procedure # Hydrocele is a collection of serous fluid that results from a defect or irritation in the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum. Hydroceles also may arise in the spermatic cord or the canal of Nuck.> Structurally, hydroceles are classified into 3 principal types.> In a communicating (congenital) hydroc... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
912d1e07-9fb3-4a7d-8055-b331e3d6e52d | Patient is known to have increased intracranial tension. Which of the following agents are safe to use in this patient? | Ketamine | Thiopentone | Halothane | Ether | 1b | single | Thiopentone is cerebroprotective because it reduces cerebral oxygen consumption, cerebral metabolic rate and intracranial pressure. Similar agent is propofol. Ref: Ajay Yadav, 3rd Edition, Page 68 | Anaesthesia | null |
6bdca4f6-538f-4948-8b7b-15529c94d486 | Minimum &;starvation time&; required in general anaesthesia | 4 hours | 8 hours | 12 hours | 24 hours | 1b | single | Traditionally, patients are considered to be at risk if their gastric volume is greater than 25 mL (0.4 mL/kg) and their gastric pH is less than 2.5. Some investigators believe that controlling acidity is more impoant than volume and that the criteria should be revised to a pH less than 3.5 with a volume greater than 5... | Anaesthesia | Fundamental concepts |
86f769f7-0deb-48ea-9c80-9e7c3450b7ee | Latex agglutination test of the antigen in CSF helps in the diagnosis of: | Cryptococcus | Candidiasis | Aspergillosis | Histoplasmosis | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Cryptococcus Ref. Harrison 16/e, p 1184, 18/e, p 1650; 19/e,p 1340, CMDT '2014 p 1485 "90% of patient with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis have capsular antigen detectable in CSF or serum by latex agglutination." Diagnosis of cryptococcal disease Meningoencep Pulmonary Cryptococcus Cutaneous Cryptococcus Lumb... | Microbiology | null |
211b505c-a62f-495b-a013-8df1b1f7ccf6 | Oral contraceptive pills cause all except : | Dysmenorrhea | Mastalgia | Nausea | Chloasma | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. Dysmenorrhea OCP's have antiovulatory effect and by viue of this propey, relieve dysmenorrhoea (rather than causing it), Premenstrual tension and Mittleschmerz syndrome. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
66cb240a-b8a0-402c-9a9f-1e0a0ffe3551 | A 44-year-old businessman presents to a physician because of a markedly inflammed and painful right great toe. He states that he just returned from a convention, and had noticed increasing pain in his right foot during his flight back home. Physical examination is remarkable for swelling and erythema of the right great... | Allopurinol | Aspirin | Colchicine | Probenecid | 2c | multi | The patient has gout, which is due to precipitation of monosodium urate crystals in joint spaces (notably the great toe) and soft tissues (causing tophi, which are often found on the external ears). Colchicine reduces the inflammation caused by the urate crystals by inhibiting leukocyte migration and phagocytosis secon... | Pharmacology | null |
9cd881b2-2c82-4e2a-bac7-4e1d33ecdb4a | The ?? in the following diagram is an important bony landmark used to differentiate between inguinal and femoral hernias. It is? (See Figure) | Pubic symphysis | Ilio-pectinate line | Pubic tubercle | Iliopubic eminence. | 2c | single | Ans. C. Pubic tuberclePhysical Examinationa. Physical examination is the best way to determine the presence or absence of an inguinal hernia. The diagnosis may be obvious by simple inspection when a visible bulge is present. The differential diagnosis must be considered in questionable cases (Table 36-4). Nonvisible he... | Anatomy | Lower Extremity |
f942488b-8863-4059-9c67-c2491f83ea47 | Drug of choice for intermediate uveitis ? | Atropine | Antibiotics | Topical steroids | Systemic steroid | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Systemic steroids Drugs used in acute anterior uveitis (iridocyclitis) Topical steroids (Drugs of choice) Mydriatic - cycloplegics: Atropine (Drug of 2" choice), Homatropine, cyclopentolate, tropicamide, rnydricain (mixture of atropine, adrenaline & procaine) Systemic steroids NSAIDs Systemic immunosu... | Ophthalmology | null |
d266c182-6849-497c-85b8-9293e9c82ef6 | Femoral nerve divides into anterior and posterior division around | Lateral Circumflex formoral artery | Profunda femoris artery | Medial Circumflex femoral artery | 1st perforating branch of profunda femoris artery | 0a | single | Femoral nerve divides into anterior and posterior division around Lateral Circumflex formoral artery. | Anatomy | null |
d6076912-0a65-4317-947a-c313dbab300e | According to Scammon’s growth curve, which of the following tissues has a growth increase that can be used to help predict timing of the adolescent growth spurt? | Neural tissues | Lymphoid tissues | Reproductive tissues | General tissue | 2c | single | The genital curve includes the growth of primary sex apparatus and all secondary sex traits. This curve remains relatively quiescent till about 10 years of age, after which it starts to upswing rapidly due to the rapid growth of genital organs in the pre-pubertal and pubertal periods.
Key Concept:
Reproductive tissues ... | Dental | null |
5697fa5a-987a-4d4e-a7b4-4f368c9a692c | Fincham test is used for - | Differentiating open angle from angle closure glaucoma | Differentiate halos due to angle closure glaucoma and immature cataract | Classify glaucomatous optic atrophy | Differentate granulomatous and non granulomatous uveitis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Differentiate halos due to angle closure glaucoma and immature cataract Fincham'stesto 'Fincham's test is used to differentiate the halos of PACG and immature cataract. In this a stenopaeic slit is passed across the pupil - Glaucomatous halo remains intact, while a halo due to cataract is broken up int... | Ophthalmology | Techniques of Ocular Examination and Diagnostic Tests |
185f889d-cebb-43e8-9b8b-61a55316c1a5 | In congenital adrenal hyperplasia, deficient enzyme is - most womon | 11(3 hydroxylase deficiency | 21 a hydroxylase deficiency | 3a hydroxylase deficiency | 17a hydroxylase deficiency | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 21-a Hydroxylase Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) Group of AR disorder MC adrenal disorder in childhood Most common 21-hydroxylase deficiency In 21a-hyroxylese deficiency There is deficiency of mineralocoicoids & glucocoicoid. This leads to hypoglycemia, hyponatremia | Pediatrics | null |
64d287a3-3676-4849-bd4e-88511b4ba547 | Taste sensation from posterior 1/3rd carried by: | Glossopharyngeal | Lingual | Chorda tympani | Vagus | 0a | single | Taste sensation from posterior 1/3rd of the tongue is carried by glossopharyngeal nerve. The sensory fibers in the glossopharyngeal nerve include taste afferents, supplying the posterior third of tongue and pharynx, and general visceral afferents from the posterior third of tongue, tonsillar region, posterior palatal a... | ENT | null |
ef21b8b8-1709-428b-8e67-ffeba7ea8948 | Which of the following is not a constituent of universal antidote? | Activated charcoal | Tannic acid | Magnesium oxide | Potassium permanganate | 3d | single | Universal antidote is a mixture of activated charcoal,tonnic acid and magnesium oxide. | Forensic Medicine | null |
242171df-eaa3-4827-8fe5-8c33b23264ef | Saturnism is to: | Chronic arsenic poisoning | Chronic lead poisoning | Chronic mercury poisoning | Chronic iron poisoning | 1b | single | Ref. Textbook of forensic medicine. Krishnan Vij. Page. 470
Chronic Poisoning (Plumbism, Saturnism or Saturnine Poisoning)
Chronic lead poisoning may occur in the industrial environ- ment due to inhalation of lead dust or lead vapour arising from burning of paints, battery
Chronic poisoning may also result from the ... | Unknown | null |
d0f8dccb-d914-4c9b-94eb-a8c652929f27 | Selenium is an essential component of | Glutathione synthetase | Glutathione peroxidase | Xanthine dehydrogenase | Cytochrome oxidase | 1b | single | . | Physiology | All India exam |
eef7ed03-4ca5-4be1-a351-6783e4689201 | Which drug can be given subdermally - | Nicotine | Fentanyl | GTN | Progesterone | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Progesterone [ style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 8pt 8px; text-indent: 0; text-align: left">o Progesterone can be given in the form of subdermal implant.o Subdermal contraceptive implants involve the delivery of a steroid progestin from polym... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
4d86d950-2334-42f6-b9f3-76c3c4f586f7 | Trauma to this marked area usually results in what type of hemorrhage | Extradural | Sub dural | Sub arachnoid | Intracerebral | 0a | multi | The marked region is pterion, deep to which runs the anterior division of middle meningeal aery, which might bleed in fractures of the region, leading to Epidural (extradural) haemorrhage. Pterion is meeting point of 4 bones Frontal Parietal Greater wing of sphenoid Squamous pa of temporal bone Additional points: Pteri... | Anatomy | Neck Triangles and parotid gland |
cd3bdfd0-d235-450c-9bb7-06bf0c1d0f8a | Oestrogen in pre-menopausal women has following effect on lipid profile | Decreased high-density lipoproteins | Increased low-density Lipoproteins | Increased high-density Lipoproteins | Increased total cholesterol | 2c | single | Oestrogen contributes to greater high-density lipoprotein which provides cardio protective effect. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b03c7bb7-6004-47e3-9302-52a8f0a6cf3b | A drug not effective in Multiple Myeloma is? | Boezomib | Hydroxyurea | Melphalan | Cylcophosphamide | 1b | single | Hydroxyurea REF: Harrison 17th ed chapter 106 Drugs used in chemotherapy of multiple myeloma are: Melphan Thalidomide Lenalidomide Cyclophosphamide Vincristine Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and liposomal doxorubici | Surgery | null |
ce09145a-3945-4f35-bcd3-18c175ffcc36 | Drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis in meningococcal meningitis is - | Tetracycline | Rifampicin | Streptomycin | Erythromycin | 1b | single | <p>chemoprophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis:- Close contacts of persons with confirmed meningococcal disease are at an increased risk of developing meningococcal illness. Antibiotics are effective in preventing additional cases through eradicating carriage of invasive strain. In outbreaks involving limited populati... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
b133bc3a-52ef-4650-859c-0be14c6db429 | A typical febrile seizure is characterised by all except | Male children are more prone | Occurs with sudden rise in temparature | Manifests with generalised seizures | Phenobarbitone prevents fuher attacks | 2c | multi | Classification of Febrile Seizures : Simple (all of the following) Duration of less than 15 minutes Generalized No previous neurologic problems Occur once in 24 hours Complex (any of the following) Duration of more than 15 minutes Focal Recurs within 24 hours Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition. | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system |
6814d666-84e5-46e6-ab07-a018c7740538 | Histological type of Ca cervix most sensitive to radiotherapy is: | Squamous cell carcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | Endometroid carcinoma | Mixed variety | 0a | single | Ans: a (Squamous cell carcinoma) Ref: Shaw, 13th ed,p. 412; Harrison's, 16th ed, p. 557Most common variety of Ca cervix is squamous cell carcinoma (epidermoid).It accounts for 95% of all Ca cervix.In a patient with a bulky or barrel shaped cervix (stage IB ) pre operative radiation shrinks the growth sufficiently to pe... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Management (Carcinoma Cervix) |
66b66284-d564-461d-8106-ff8de62c5975 | The Investigation of choice for Acute stroke is | CT scan | MRI angiography | Functional MRI | Contrast CT | 0a | single | (A) CT scan # Investigation of Acute Stroke: CT is the most practical and widely available method of imaging the brain. It will usually exclude non-stroke lesions, including subdural haematomas and brain tumours.> It will demonstrate intracerebral haemorrhage within minutes of stroke onset.> However, especially within ... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
82745eef-20c7-4e10-9b2b-ff016361ba96 | All the following are true about Listeria except: | Catalase +ve | Anton test +ve | Non motile | Causes chorioamnionitis is pregnant females | 2c | multi | Listeria shows tumbling motility. | Microbiology | null |
b73a829a-52ad-4951-a6f0-912b75cc5f1d | HBV is associated with all of the following except: | Hepatic cancer | Chronic hepatitis | Hepatic adenoma | Cirrhosis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hepatic adenoma (Ref: Harrison, 18th/e, p 2552; 17th/e, p. 1944, 1945)* Hepatic complications of HBV infection are acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC. | Microbiology | Hepatitis Viruses |
3ed1b56a-3e38-4999-9e77-0074571c1498 | Infant mortality rate includes all of the following except: | Early neonatal deaths | Late neonatal deaths | Post neonatal deaths | Stillbirths | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Stillbirths (Ref: Park's 23/e p567 22/e p521)Infant mortality rate doesn't include stillbirths."Infant mortality rate includes early, late and post-neonatal deaths (from birth to 1 year of life)." Park's 22/e p521 Components of Infant MortalityNeonatal deaths: Deaths occurring during the neonatal period commenc... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Pediatrics |
55221c1c-0fac-4070-9857-1916becbc0e6 | Perichondrial ring is: | Seen around foramen magnum | Seen around epiphyseal plate | More prominent in adults | Shear strength increases with age | 1b | single | The perichondrial ring- surrounds the growth plate circumferentially. Peri-chondrial ring extends towards metaphysis and become continuous with periosteum of metaphysis. With increasing age, perichondrial ring is thinned and its shear resistance (strength) is decreased. | Orthopaedics | Pediatric Ohopedics |
a4c14d59-53a9-417d-a451-433bf93a0a64 | Generator area in a nerve cell is | Cell body | Initial segment | Axon | Dendrites | 1b | single | The first poion of the axon is called the initial segment. The Initial segment in spinal motor neurons, the initial node of Ranvier in cutaneous sensory neurons is a site where propagated action potentials are generated.(Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition) | Physiology | Nervous system |
73de2dba-d51a-49a8-a2d1-2021cd0e229b | All these reactions take place inside the mitochondria except | EM pathway | Krebs cycle | Urea cycle | Electron transfer | 0a | multi | EMP pathway means EMBDEN MAYERHOF PARNAS pathway. That means glycolysis. All the reactions take place exclusively in cytoplasm. In glycolysis, glucose is conveed to pyruvate or lactate along with the production of small quantity of energy. Remaining options are taking place in mitochondria fully or as a paRef: MN Chatt... | Biochemistry | Respiratory chain |
bb8b1d6d-4b0d-41d2-9110-8a9db5549af1 | Which of the following is true about the left phrenic nerve? | Arise from dorsal rami of C2, C3 and C4 | Descends in the left pleural space | Supplies mediastinal and diaphragmatic pleura on left side and diaphragmatic peritoneum | Passes through the vena caval opening in the diaphhragm | 2c | multi | The left phrenic nerve supplies sensory fibers to the medistinal and diaphragmatic pleura on the left side and the diaphragmatic peritoneum . The phrenic nerve is a mixed nerve derived mostly from the C4 ramus and also receives contributions fromm the C3 and C5 ventral rami. (Option A) . It is formed at the lateral bor... | Anatomy | Thorax |
d27dbf35-76e9-40bc-8fdf-9222c625f1d0 | Fogo selvagem is a type of: | Pemphigus vulgaris | Pemghigus vegetans | Pemphigus foliaceus | Bullous pemphigoid | 2c | single | Endemic pemphigus foliaceus common in rural pas of South America, paicularly ceain states of Brazil is known as fogo selvagem (wild fire) caused by bite of black fly. Ref: Rook's textbook of dermatology, 8th edition, Pg 40.13 | Skin | null |
d76cbd5d-855d-437b-a5cf-fe39b7f1017e | Lendrum's stain is done for: NEET 13 | Air embolism | Fat embolism | Amniotic fluid embolism | Pulmonary embolism | 2c | single | Ans. Amniotic fluid embolism | Forensic Medicine | null |
8c0749eb-3277-4c96-82ae-38115cbc26d6 | Energy expenditure iu resting state depends on: | Lean body mass | Adipose tissue | Resting heart rate | Exercise | 0a | single | . Ans. a. Lean body mass Energy expenditure in resting state is almost equal to basal metabolic rate ie. the minimum energy expenditure for the body to exist. Basal metabolic rate is related to both body surface area and lean body mass. However, it appears to be more closely related to Lean body mass (Lean body mass = ... | Physiology | Endocrinology metabolism |
29af7130-475b-41c4-ac61-8eeab7f89ef7 | Hypomagnesemia due to increased excretion by the kidney is caused by all except: | Furosemide | Digitalis | Aminoglycoside | Cisplatin | 1b | multi | Hypomagnesemia is caused by: Loop diuretics thiazide diuretics antibiotics like aminoglycoside, amphotericin, pentamidine cisplatin cyclosporin digoxin- by sending magnesium into the cell- not by increasing the excretion of magnesium through urine mycophenolate ESSENTIALS of medical pharmacology SIXTH EDITION K D TRIPA... | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
52ae911d-9f59-4e01-926b-b3a3b67a3724 | McArdle disease can be caused by a problem with the metabolism of which particular compound. | Glycogen | Collagen | Dopamine | Valine | 0a | single | We will illustrate, in addition, how biochemical measurements can pinpoint a disorder and allow one to determine which enzyme is functioning improperly.a. Mouth(1). Salivary glands produce a-amylase, which cleaves a-1,4 bonds between glucose residues in dietary starch. (Pancreatic a-amylase catalyzes the same reaction.... | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
6369e09b-02d4-46ae-b8a4-6be6132486ba | All of the following decreases the risk of surgical site infection except: | IV antibiotics at induction of anesthesia | Staff should always wash their hands between patients | Preoperative shaving | Avoid hypothermia perioperatively | 2c | multi | AVOIDING SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS: - Staff should be always wash their hands between patients. - Preoperative shaving should be avoided if possible ( Preoperative clipping of hair is preferred ) - Antiseptic skin preparation should be standardized - Attention to theatre technique and discipline - Avoid hypothermia peri... | Surgery | Sutures and Anastomoses |
d5ef9df9-d906-4700-b3ff-baf3bd16d22c | All of the following are true regarding diuretics except:- | Spironolactone is a potassium sparing drug | Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic | Thiazides act by inhibiting sodium-potassium chloride co-transpo | Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase enzyme | 2c | multi | Name Site of action Example Mechanism Loop diuretics Thick ascending limb of Loop of Henle Furosemide Torsemide Na-K-2Cl sympoer inhibition Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors PCT Acetazolamide Dorzolamide Brinzolamide Carbonic anhydrase inhibition Thiazides DCT Hydrochlohiazide Chlohalidone Na-Cl sympoer inhibition Osmotic ... | Pharmacology | Kidney |
c89ff026-de81-45d4-94b5-2c96af574cde | Tardy Ulnar nerve palsy may be seen after all except- | Malunited lateral condyle humerus fracture | Cubitus Varus due to malunited supracondylar fracture of the humerus | Old neglected elbow dislocation presenting with cubitus valgus | Fracture midshaft ulna | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fracture midshaft ulna Causes of tardy ulnar nerve palsyi) Malunited lateral condyle humerus fracture (cubitus valgus)ii) Displaced medial epicondyle humerus fractureiii) Cubitus varus deformity (due to supracondylar fracture humerus)iv) Elbow dislocationv) Contusions of ulnar nervevi) Shallow ulnar g... | Orthopaedics | Humerus Fractures |
98e2bb2d-7cc3-448a-a32d-f23f5895fa9f | What structure passes through rotater interval | Long head of Biceps tendon | Long head of Triceps tendon | Coracohumeral ligament | Short head of Biceps tendon | 2c | single | Rotator interval is gap betweem supraspinatus and subscapulasis tendon.
Coracdhumeral ligament passes through it. | Orthopaedics | null |
27485d4f-a016-44ff-b4fa-7784892382bf | A 5-year-old girl without past history of UTI is in the hospital on antibiotics for E coli pyelonephritis. She is still febrile after 4 days of appropriate antibiotics. A renal ultrasound revealed no abscess, but a focal enlargement of one of the lobes of the right kidney. CT scan of the abdomen reveals a wedge-shaped ... | Prolonged antibiotic therapy | Routine treatment with 10 to 14 days of antibiotics for pyelonephritis | Surgical consultation | Dimercaptosuccinicacid (DMSA) scan | 0a | single | The patient in the question has acute lobar nephronia, which is in the middle of the spectrum between pyelonephritis and renal abscess. Patients have prolonged fever curves despite appropriate antibiotics. A CT scan is most useful in diagnosing nephronia, but a renal ultrasound can identify the process as well. Treatme... | Pediatrics | Urinary Tract |
b8e06571-40a2-4dd7-a4cb-edbe5641e076 | Atherosclerosis initiation by fibroblast plaque is mediated by injury to - | Smooth muscle | Media | Adventitia | Endothelium | 3d | single | The most acceptable hypothesis for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is "the response to injury hypothesis".
According to this hypothesis, atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the arterial wall initiated by injury to endothelium.
Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Following stages occurs in the pathog... | Pathology | null |
095f3778-6fe7-4512-902b-0f4a6b06b4fa | A 64 yr old man with history of tril injury 3 weeks back, now comes to medicine opd with history headche & fluctuating weakness of Left side of his body.NCCT was done what is the possible diagnosis | Acute left subdural hematoma | Chronic Left Subdural hematoma | Left Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Right Epidural hematoma | 1b | single | CT: Interpretation of an intracranial bleed * Acute bleed: Lesion is HYPERDENSE (white). * Chronic Bleed: Lesion is HYPODENSE (black). Figure 1: Acute subdural hematoma (lesion is hyperdense) Figure 2: Chronic subdural hematoma (lesion is hypodense) | Radiology | CT SCAN |
e3a234c0-87f4-4a86-88ea-28d5f3be5291 | Impoant adverse effect of nesiritide is | Dysgusua | Hypotension | Cough | Angioedema | 1b | single | The recommended dose of Natrecor is an IV bolus of 2 mcg/kg followed by a continuous infusion of 0.01 mcg/kg/min....Common side effects may include: headache, mild dizziness; nausea, vomiting; back pain; numbness or tingly feeling; tremors; or. vision changes Refer Goodman and Gilman 11e p696 | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
b7cafe97-b96d-4f7f-b215-b92d04572ee8 | Streptococcus pneumonia produces which type of hemolysis - | Alpha | Beta | Gamma | Any of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alpha [Ref: Ananthanarayan 9th/e p. 220-221 & 8th/e p. 218, 219)o Streptococci have been categorised into three varieties based on their growth in 5% blood agar pour plate cultures:-StreptococciAlpha (a)Beta (b)Gamma (g)Greenish discolouration with partial hemolysis around colonies eg - Str. Pneumonia... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
ec10e8dd-b3d3-4918-838b-bd0736fd49a5 | CD4 lymphocytes (helper cells) recognize - | HLA class I antigen | HLA class II antigen | HLA class III antigen | None of the above | 1b | multi | Class II MHC antigens have single locus as HLA-D. - these antigens have fuher 3 loci: DR, DQ, and DP. Class II MHC is identified by B cells and CD4+ cells.( T helper cells). ReReference:arsh mohan textbook pathology, 7th edition, pg no:49 <\p> | Microbiology | Immunology |
28068d5c-b7a6-4cb2-9b2f-a076c1ab40a2 | SARS is caused by? | Influenza virus | Corona virus | Anthrax virus | Poxvirus | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) Corona virusREF: Jawetz Microbiology 24th edition chapter 41See details of SARS in Microbiology 2012 Session 1Repeat Microbiology June 2009 | Microbiology | Virology |
69d83e6c-9a6d-4b1a-9575-997aa35e8f78 | An agricultural labourer presented with progressive spastic paralysis is diagnosed of having neurolathyrism. It results from consumption of: | Aflatoxin | BOAA | Pyruvic acid | Sanguinarine | 1b | single | Lathyrism results due to ingestion of chick peas (Lathyrus sativus) containing the excitotoxin beta-N-oxalylamino-l-alanine (BOAA). Lathyrus sativus is commonly known as 'Khesari dhal'. Lathyrism is a neurologic syndrome characterized by the relatively acute onset of pain, paresthesia, and weakness in the lower extremi... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
df59f3c4-2c19-4202-bb64-aa7fa7a489a7 | True about modified radical mastectomy is:- | Pectoralis major is removed | Axillary lymph nodes are preserved | Pectoralis minor is divided | Internal mammary lymph nodes are removed | 2c | multi | Pectoralis minor is divided in Scanlon's modification of modified radical mastectomy. Types of Mastectomy Simple or total mastectomy Removal of breast tissue, nipple-areola complex, & skin. Extended simple mastectomy Simple mastectomy + removal of level I axillary LNs. Modified radical mastectomy Removes all breast tis... | Surgery | Breast |
a7bb600d-e797-43d9-a2a1-c489b2685acf | Which one of following is functions of PGI2? | Vasoconstriction and inhibits platelet aggregation | Vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation | Vasoconstriction and increases platelet aggregation | Vasodilator and increases platelet aggregation | 1b | single | The most impoant PG ones in inflammation are:-PGE2, PGD2, PGF2a, PGI2 (prostacyclin), and TxA2 (thromboxane A2), each of which is derived by the action of a specific enzyme on an intermediate in the pathway. Note:-A thromboxane-prostacyclin imbalance has been implicated as an early event in thrombus formation in corona... | Pathology | NEET 2019 |
4c9b857c-0c3d-461e-8a59-3644395af3a5 | Termination processor protein synthesis is performed by all except: (PGI May 2010) | Releasing factor | Stop codon | Peptidyl transferase | UAA codon | 2c | multi | Ans: C (Peptidyl transferase) & E(AUG codon) AUG is initiation codon while UAA,UAG & UGA are termination codon"- Chatterjea & Shinde 7th/249-50"Peptidyl transferase catalyses peptide bond formation"- Harper 28th/362"In most of cases, AUG acts as initiator codon. AUG also acts as codon for methionine. In a few proteins,... | Microbiology | Immunology |
ce7e5d0c-fb2e-49c7-8e61-a644d4dd0b08 | There has been an outbreak of food born salmonella gastroenteritis in the community and the stool samples have been received in the laboratory. Which is the enrichment medium of choice? | Cary Blair medium | VR medium | Selenite "F" medium | Thioglycollate medium | 2c | single | Selenite "F" medium is the enrichment medium of choice for Salmonella. Option 3 Selenite F- broth and Tetrathionate broth are commonly employed as Enrichment media for Salmonella. Option 1, 2 Transpo medium for Vibrio: Cary Blair medium Venkatraman-Ramakrishnan (VR) medium Alkaline salt transpo medium Autoclaved sea wa... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) |
5d9cf11b-6a91-4b3f-8deb-be30bdc6d88e | In cellular event of acute inflammation all are seen except - | Compliment involved in chemotaxis | ICAM - adhesion of leukocytes | PECAM - Activation of leukocytes | Selectins - Margination & rolling | 2c | multi | . PECAM &; Activation of leukocytesExplanation :- PECAM 1 (platelet endothelial adhesion molecule) or CD31 &; involved in migration of leukocytes | Pathology | null |
2cb51a11-3587-4c1e-9098-4faf26597b87 | Cancer cells derive nutrition from : | Glycolysis | Oxidative phosphorylation | Increase in mitochondria | From a fast food joint | 0a | single | A i.e. GlycolysisCancer cells derive nutrition from glycolysisQ. Cancer cells are multiplying at a rapid rate for which they need energy. But they lack an extensive capillary network to supply the cells with 02. So the tumor cells have to depend on anaerobic process - Glycolysis for ATP productionRole of glycolysis in ... | Biochemistry | null |
d6fbfc95-1af5-4800-8fb8-d33e21271dcb | The angle formed by the occlusal rest and the vertical minor connector from which it originates should be: | 180 degree | 45 degree | >90 degree | <90 degree | 3d | single | An angle greater than 90 degrees fails to transmit occlusal forces, along the supporting vertical axis of the abutment tooth. This also permits slippage of the prosthesis away from the abutment, which can result in orthodontic-like forces being applied to an inclined plane on the abutment, with possible tooth movement.... | Dental | null |
ea4c0f23-6ae9-4158-a0f6-f6eb7dc9346d | Which one of the following acts to increase the release of Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum | Inositol triphosphate | | Parathyroid hormone | 1,25 - dihydroxy choleciferol | Diacyglycerol | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Inositol triphosphate(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p. 116)Inositol triphosphate acts on the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions | Physiology | Muscle Physiology |
7c38da7d-4b59-4ffc-b58f-5be8597e9005 | All of the following are true regarding epitheliod hemangioendothelioma except | Most common in males | Liver transplant is treatment of choice | Associated with vinyl chloride | Factor VIII staining is used for diagnosis | 0a | multi | Hemangioendothelioma is most common in females Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1459 | Anatomy | G.I.T |
7b86d970-31e3-46e6-a22f-8af12bae461d | All of the following antibiotics are 50S inhibitors, EXCEPT | Chloramphenicol | Erythromycin | Linezolid | Streptomycin | 3d | multi | Antibiotics: 30S inhibitors: 50S inhibitors: Aminoglycosides (Streptomycin) Chloramphenicol Tetracycline Erythromycin Linezolid Memory aid: Buy AT 30 CELL at 50 | Biochemistry | Translation |
7237c7cf-0939-4c11-82b5-7a534ba1086d | Couinaud Segment IX of liver belongs to: | Left anatomical lobe | Left surgical lobe | Right surgical lobe | Right functional lobe | 1b | single | Left surgical lobe * Couinaud Segment IX is a pa of caudate lobe (I) of the left surgical liver. * Left surgical liver contains segment number I, II, III & IV. * Left Anatomical lobe lies to the left of falciform ligament and contains only segment number III & IV. * Right surgical (functional) lobe contains segment no ... | Surgery | null |
b917bdad-2e72-40d1-9447-e0b7de35e8bb | Which of the following drugs is not an antiemetic? | Ondansetron | Domperidone | Metoclopramide | Cinnarizine | 3d | single | Ans. (D) Cinnarizine(Ref: KDT, 18th/e p712)Cinnarizine is an anti-vertigo drug.Metoclopramide and domperidone are antiemetic drugs. These act by blocking D2 receptors.Ondansetron is an antagonist of 5HT3 receptors. It is the drug of choice for chemotherapy induced vomiting. | Pharmacology | Anti-Emetic |
623244db-3fbe-4f5e-8b40-185fcb9bd96f | True about Parathyroid hormone: | It is steroidal in nature | Stimulate 1, 25 D3 formation | Inhibits Ca2+ absorption from the intestines | All | 1b | multi | B i.e. Stimulate 1, 25 D3 formation | Physiology | null |
14949e4f-f2e6-4d52-b44d-70825586c3c1 | Undisplaced fracture of zygoma is managed by | Closed reduction | Open reduction | No specific treatment | Wiring to frontal bone | 2c | single | Zygoma is the second most common bone to be fractured after the nasal bone. Direct trauma is the usual cause. Treatment is required only for the displaced fractures. Open reduction and internal wire fixation is the best option. | Pathology | All India exam |
ee3f601b-fb19-45b5-be50-27c060ac8ec4 | The following are true regarding primary gastric lymphoma except: | B symptoms are very rare. | H. pylori is implicated especially in MALT type | Mostly of B cell origin | Clinically can be easily differentiated from gastric adenocarcinoma by the presence of early satiety and prominent lymph node metastases. | 3d | multi | GASTRIC LYMPHOMA Stomach is MC site for lymphoma in the GIT MC gastric lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (55%) >extranodal marginal cell lymphoma (MALT) (40%) > Burkitts lymphoma (3%) > mantle cell and follicular lymphomas. Clinical Features: Vague symptoms, namely epigastric painQ, early satiety, and fatigue. ... | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum |
54da4d35-dfa6-4943-b6db-1615ace32e7a | Cholestasis with poal inflammation is typically seen with drug: | Halothane | Chlorpromazine | Oral contraceptive pills | Methyldopa | 1b | multi | Chlorpromazine typically produces poal inflammation and cholestasis Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2560, Table - 305-1. | Medicine | null |
79aa1f80-734e-48ef-ab49-163c07b94023 | Amyloid deposits in liver are initially seen in: March 2009 | Space of disse | Hepatic parenchyma | Intrahepatic ducts | Poal tract | 0a | multi | Ans. A: Space of disse Kidney-Histologically, the mesangium and capillary basement membrane of glomeruli are the most frequent renal sites of amyloid deposition, followed by involvement of aeriolar and aerial walls and peritubular interstitial tissues. As the extent of the amyloid deposition increases, the glomerular c... | Pathology | null |
a5855deb-f80e-406a-b257-060d813524ea | All are true regarding laryngomalacia except: | Poor prognosis | Most common congenital anomaly | Stridor | Gets relieved in prone position | 0a | multi | (a) Poor prognosis(Ref. Current Diagnosis & Treatment Otolaryngology, Lalwani, 3rd ed., 481; Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 2; 333)The prognosis of laryngomalacia is very good; stridor disappears on its own by two years of age. Rest all are true | ENT | Congenital Lesions and Stridor |
04046919-853c-4fa7-a230-cb04d8f5f55e | Which of the following drug is not a pa of the triple therapy immuno suppression for post-renal transplant patients? | Cyclosporine | Azathioprine | FK 506 | Prednisolone | 2c | single | Triple therapy immunosuppression given to all post-renal transplant recipients for 0-3 months includes, a calcineurin blocker (cyclosporine or tacrolimus), an anti-proliferative agent (mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine) and a coicosteroid such as predisolone. FK 506 is not a pa of 'triple therapy'. Ref: Bailey and ... | Surgery | null |
ccfe42eb-bc77-4647-b866-fd89d645867b | All of the following statements regarding disposal of biomedical waste are true, except - | Human Anatomical Waste is disposed in a Yellow bag | Contents from a Red bag may be a source of contamination | Black bags are used for disposal of ash from incineration | Blue bags contents are disposed in secured landfill | 3d | multi | - the sharps including needles and scalpel comes under Category no. 4 and is disposed in blue plastic bag. - it should be disinfected by chemical treatment, autoclaving, microwaving and mutilation shredding. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:793 <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health |
55a22567-0540-44a8-aad7-3708a21592a8 | True about mosquito preventive nets are all except? | Hole size < 0.0475 | 150 holes per square inch | Best pattern in circular | There should be no rent | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e.,Best pattern is circular The best pattern of mosquito net is the rectangular net.There should not be a single rent in the net.The Size of openings in the net is of utmost impoance, the size should not exceed 0.0475 inch in any diameter.The number of holes in one square inch in usually 150.. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
d6e15a23-4bdf-4e2d-ae08-796c6c6ce49a | Expansile lytic osseous metastases are characteristic of primary malignancy of: | Kidney | Bronchus | Breast | Prostate | 0a | single | Bone expansion is viually limited to lytic metastases from carcinomas of the kidney, thyroid, and lung. Less commonly melanoma, carcinoma of bronchus breast and pheochormocytoma may also present with expansile lytic lesions. Ref: Differential Diagnosis in Computed Tomography By Francis Burgener, Christopher Herzog, 201... | Surgery | null |
d8869f8c-857f-440e-b0d5-692501ea4913 | Fear is due to: | Abnormal experiences of childhood | Over conciousness | Excess perception of danger | All of the above | 3d | multi | D ref: Kaplan, 8th/e p. 557-558 | Psychiatry | Anxiety & Stress |
5611db90-44cb-4cc4-a58b-86f978f9f29e | Severity of mitral stenosis is determined by : | Intensity of S1 hea sound | Diastolic murmur duration | Opening snap | Intensity of diastolic murmur | 1b | single | Since there is mitral stenosis, more time for blood to enter LV. Therefore, increased transient time, so increase duration of murmur of S1 sound can be loud or soft. If sound is soft it tells us about calcified mitral valves but not of severity | Medicine | Murmurs |
bed70c5e-27d7-46db-bf81-f90f32e512d9 | Randomized controlled multicenter trials of drug: | Phase I | Phase 2 | Phase 3 | Phase 4 | 2c | single | Ans- C Phase 3 - randomized controlled multicenter trials REF: Goodman and Gillman's 11th edition page 82, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial, s/ctphases.html CLINICAL TRIAL: Designation Study Population Sample size Phase 0 human microdosing studies pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics (no data on safety or e... | Pharmacology | Clinical Trials |
04bb7eef-241f-423e-a1d4-291275175b7e | Lesch Nyhan - | X-link recessive | AD | AR | X-link dominant | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., X-link recessive [Ref: Nelson 18th/e Chapter 89)Lasch nyhan disease (LND)o X-link recessive disordero Defect in purine metabolismo Deficiency of HPRT enzymeo Manifest as hyperuricemia, intellectual disability, dystonic movement disorder like chorea-athetosis, spasticity, dysarthric speech. | Pediatrics | Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
cee9b08f-decc-4410-ad51-a5fe28c2ab9f | Coical representation of body in the cerebrum is | Horizontal | Veical | Tandem | Oblique | 1b | single | The various pas of the body are represented in the precentral gyrus, with the feet at the top of the gyrus and the face at the bottom. The facial area is represented bilaterally, but the rest of the representation is generally unilateral, with the coical motor area controlling the musculature on the opposite side of th... | Physiology | Nervous system |
e04eab0d-61eb-42bd-ba9e-bd8f4f1eabc9 | Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint and extension of interphalangeal joints is major action of | Palmar interossei | Dorsal interossei | Lumbricals | FDS | 2c | single | It is the action of lumbricals.The dorsal interossei abduct the fingers. the palmar interossei adduct the fingers.The FDS flexes middle phalanx at PIP joints. ref :textbook of anatomy upper limb and thorax ,vishram singh ,2nd edition ,page no.144 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
95101a5d-63a8-4bd6-9176-4cc4f2c84af8 | Inhibin is secreted by | Seoli cells | Stroma | Surface epithelium of ovary | Corpus luteum | 0a | single | Inhibin is one of several proteins that paicipate in differentiation and growth. Two glycoproteins, inhibin A and inhibin B, are secreted by Seoli cells in the testis and granulosa cells in the ovary, inhibiting FSH secretion by direct action on the pituitary.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; p... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
2af43bb4-dbd5-48e2-a57d-365b265a885e | In a Subclan aery block at the outer border of 1st rib, all of the following aeries help in maintaining the circulation to upper limb exceptaEUR' | Subscapular aery | Superior thoracic | Thyrocervical trunk | Suprascapular aery | 1b | multi | Superior thoracic [Ref: BDC 4/e, Vol. 1, p 56, 82; Snell's Clinical Anatomy 6/e, p A rich anastomoses exists around the scapula between branches of subclan aery (first pa) & the axillary aery (third pa).This anastomoses provides a collateral circulation through which blood can flow to the limb when the distal pa of sub... | Anatomy | null |
5fcac270-ea23-4950-9e1e-5f07c5428381 | Which one of the following is the shoest acting intravenous analgesic: | Remifantanil | Fentanyl | Alfentanil | Sufentanil | 0a | single | A i.e. Remifentanil | Anaesthesia | null |
8bf326e5-6df2-40b3-9a5a-30d6dce07e22 | The MOST sensitive test to diagnose GERD is: | 24 hour ambulatory pH monitoring | Upper GI endoscopy | Basal acid output measurement | Bernstein test | 0a | single | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Classic symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux are - water brash and substernal heaburn. Endoscopy is a sensitive test for diagnosis of esophagitis but will miss nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) MUST KNOW: The most sensitive test for diagnosis is 24-h ambulatory pH monitoring. Ref: H... | Medicine | null |
5c737309-8c8b-43da-a409-652a48d190ec | Microcephaly is defined as head circumference _________ | < 1SD for age and sex | < 2SD for age and sex | < 3SD for age and sex | < 4SD for age and sex | 2c | single | *Microcephaly is defined as an occipitofrontal circumference more than 3 standard detions (SD) below the mean for given age, sex and gestation. *Causes are structural brain malformations, inherited syndromes, congenital or acquired infections, hypoxic ischemic insults and rarely metabolic disorders. Isolated inherited ... | Pediatrics | New born infants |
820f86fc-4549-4e00-aaa5-aa4c6297c29e | Light house sign in seen in ASOM in which stage? | Stage of suppuration | Stage of hyperaemia | Stage of resolution | Stage of pre-suppuration | 0a | single | In the stage of supperation of ASOM, pus formation occurs, hence in this stage pulsatile otorrhea or light house sign in seen. Ref : Dhingra book of ENT 7th ed | ENT | All India exam |
d804f14f-bd69-4dd6-ae13-00fb36431e9b | "Rugger Jersey Spine" is seen in: | Fluorosis | Archondoplasia | Renal osteodystrophy | Marfan s syndrome | 2c | single | Renal osteodystrophy may produce a 'rugger jersy' (striped) appearance in lateral X-rays of the spine, due to alternating bonds of increased and decreased bone density. Ref: Apley's System of Ohopedics and Fractures, 8th Edition, Page 124; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Pages 1225-29. | Surgery | null |
a562d13e-07be-40b3-a0ca-1374e0cfb8b3 | Which of the following is not a paranoid symptom? | Delusion of persecution | Delusion of reference | Delusion of grandiosity | Thought alienation | 3d | single | The term 'paranoid' is often used as a substitute for the term 'persecutory' hence paranoid delusions usually means Delusion of persecution but strictly speaking the term 'paranoid' means 'delusional'. hence all delusions are paranoid symptoms Thought Alienation; Symptom of psychosis, especially schizophrenia, in which... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
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