tokens
sequencelengths 8
579
| ner_tags
sequencelengths 8
579
|
|---|---|
[
"DCTN4",
"as",
"a",
"modifier",
"of",
"chronic",
"Pseudomonas",
"aeruginosa",
"infection",
"in",
"cystic",
"fibrosis",
"Pseudomonas",
"aeruginosa",
"(Pa)",
"infection",
"in",
"cystic",
"fibrosis",
"(CF)",
"patients",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"worse",
"long-term",
"pulmonary",
"disease",
"and",
"shorter",
"survival,",
"and",
"chronic",
"Pa",
"infection",
"(CPA)",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"reduced",
"lung",
"function,",
"faster",
"rate",
"of",
"lung",
"decline,",
"increased",
"rates",
"of",
"exacerbations",
"and",
"shorter",
"survival.",
"By",
"using",
"exome",
"sequencing",
"and",
"extreme",
"phenotype",
"design,",
"it",
"was",
"recently",
"shown",
"that",
"isoforms",
"of",
"dynactin",
"4",
"(DCTN4)",
"may",
"influence",
"Pa",
"infection",
"in",
"CF,",
"leading",
"to",
"worse",
"respiratory",
"disease.",
"The",
"purpose",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"investigate",
"the",
"role",
"of",
"DCTN4",
"missense",
"variants",
"on",
"Pa",
"infection",
"incidence,",
"age",
"at",
"first",
"Pa",
"infection",
"and",
"chronic",
"Pa",
"infection",
"incidence",
"in",
"a",
"cohort",
"of",
"adult",
"CF",
"patients",
"from",
"a",
"single",
"centre.",
"Polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"and",
"direct",
"sequencing",
"were",
"used",
"to",
"screen",
"DNA",
"samples",
"for",
"DCTN4",
"variants.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"121",
"adult",
"CF",
"patients",
"from",
"the",
"Cochin",
"Hospital",
"CF",
"centre",
"have",
"been",
"included,",
"all",
"of",
"them",
"carrying",
"two",
"CFTR",
"defects:",
"103",
"developed",
"at",
"least",
"1",
"pulmonary",
"infection",
"with",
"Pa,",
"and",
"68",
"patients",
"of",
"them",
"had",
"CPA.",
"DCTN4",
"variants",
"were",
"identified",
"in",
"24%",
"(29/121)",
"CF",
"patients",
"with",
"Pa",
"infection",
"and",
"in",
"only",
"17%",
"(3/18)",
"CF",
"patients",
"with",
"no",
"Pa",
"infection.",
"Of",
"the",
"patients",
"with",
"CPA,",
"29%",
"(20/68)",
"had",
"DCTN4",
"missense",
"variants",
"vs",
"23%",
"(8/35)",
"in",
"patients",
"without",
"CPA.",
"Interestingly,",
"p.Tyr263Cys",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"more",
"frequently",
"observed",
"in",
"CF",
"patients",
"with",
"CPA",
"than",
"in",
"patients",
"without",
"CPA",
"(4/68",
"vs",
"0/35),",
"and",
"DCTN4",
"missense",
"variants",
"tend",
"to",
"be",
"more",
"frequent",
"in",
"male",
"CF",
"patients",
"with",
"CPA",
"bearing",
"two",
"class",
"II",
"mutations",
"than",
"in",
"male",
"CF",
"patients",
"without",
"CPA",
"bearing",
"two",
"class",
"II",
"mutations",
"(P",
"=",
"0.06).",
"Our",
"observations",
"reinforce",
"that",
"DCTN4",
"missense",
"variants,",
"especially",
"p.Tyr263Cys,",
"may",
"be",
"involved",
"in",
"the",
"pathogenesis",
"of",
"CPA",
"in",
"male",
"CF."
] | [
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[
"Prevascularized",
"silicon",
"membranes",
"for",
"the",
"enhancement",
"of",
"transport",
"to",
"implanted",
"medical",
"devices",
"Recent",
"advances",
"in",
"drug",
"delivery",
"and",
"sensing",
"devices",
"for",
"in",
"situ",
"applications",
"are",
"limited",
"by",
"the",
"diffusion",
"-limiting",
"foreign",
"body",
"response",
"of",
"fibrous",
"encapsulation.",
"In",
"this",
"study,",
"we",
"fabricated",
"prevascularized",
"synthetic",
"device",
"ports",
"to",
"help",
"mitigate",
"this",
"limitation.",
"Membranes",
"with",
"rectilinear",
"arrays",
"of",
"square",
"pores",
"with",
"widths",
"ranging",
"from",
"40",
"to",
"200",
"μm",
"were",
"created",
"using",
"materials",
"(50",
"μm",
"thick",
"double-sided",
"polished",
"silicon)",
"and",
"processes",
"(photolithography",
"and",
"directed",
"reactive",
"ion",
"etching)",
"common",
"in",
"the",
"manufacturing",
"of",
"microfabricated",
"sensors.",
"Vascular",
"endothelial",
"cells",
"responded",
"to",
"membrane",
"geometry",
"by",
"either",
"forming",
"vascular",
"tubes",
"that",
"extended",
"through",
"the",
"pore",
"or",
"completely",
"filling",
"membrane",
"pores",
"after",
"4",
"days",
"in",
"culture.",
"Although",
"tube",
"formation",
"began",
"to",
"predominate",
"overgrowth",
"around",
"75",
"μm",
"and",
"continued",
"to",
"increase",
"at",
"even",
"larger",
"pore",
"sizes,",
"tubes",
"formed",
"at",
"these",
"large",
"pore",
"sizes",
"were",
"not",
"completely",
"round",
"and",
"had",
"relatively",
"thin",
"walls.",
"Thus,",
"the",
"optimum",
"range",
"of",
"pore",
"size",
"for",
"prevascularization",
"of",
"these",
"membranes",
"was",
"estimated",
"to",
"be",
"75-100",
"μm.",
"This",
"study",
"lays",
"the",
"foundation",
"for",
"creating",
"a",
"prevascularized",
"port",
"that",
"can",
"be",
"used",
"to",
"reduce",
"fibrous",
"encapsulation",
"and",
"thus",
"enhance",
"diffusion",
"to",
"implanted",
"medical",
"devices",
"and",
"sensors.",
"©",
"2015",
"Wiley",
"Periodicals,",
"Inc.",
"J",
"Biomed",
"Mater",
"Res",
"Part",
"B:",
"Appl",
"Biomater,",
"104B:",
"1602-1609,",
"2016."
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[
"Seated",
"maximum",
"flexion:",
"An",
"alternative",
"to",
"standing",
"maximum",
"flexion",
"for",
"determining",
"presence",
"of",
"flexion",
"-",
"relaxation?",
"The",
"flexion",
"-",
"relaxation",
"phenomenon",
"(FRP)",
"in",
"standing",
"is",
"a",
"specific",
"and",
"sensitive",
"diagnostic",
"tool",
"for",
"low",
"back",
"pain.",
"Seated",
"flexion",
"as",
"an",
"alternative",
"could",
"be",
"beneficial",
"for",
"certain",
"populations,",
"yet",
"the",
"behavior",
"of",
"the",
"trunk",
"extensors",
"during",
"seated",
"maximum",
"flexion",
"compared",
"to",
"standing",
"flexion",
"remains",
"unclear.",
"Compare",
"FRP",
"occurrences",
"and",
"spine",
"angles",
"between",
"seated",
"and",
"standing",
"flexion",
"postures",
"in",
"three",
"levels",
"of",
"the",
"erector",
"spinae",
"muscles.",
"Thirty-one",
"participants",
"free",
"of",
"back",
"pain",
"performed",
"seated",
"and",
"standing",
"maximum",
"trunk",
"flexion.",
"Electromyographical",
"signals",
"were",
"recorded",
"from",
"the",
"bilateral",
"lumbar",
"(L3),",
"lower-thoracic",
"(T9),",
"and",
"upper-thoracic",
"(T4)",
"erector",
"spinae",
"and",
"assessed",
"for",
"the",
"occurrence",
"of",
"FRP.",
"Spine",
"angles",
"corresponding",
"to",
"FRP",
"onset",
"and",
"cessation",
"were",
"determined,",
"and",
"FRP",
"occurrences",
"and",
"angles",
"were",
"compared",
"between",
"posture",
"and",
"muscle.",
"FRP",
"occurrence",
"was",
"similar",
"in",
"standing",
"and",
"seated",
"maximum",
"flexion",
"across",
"all",
"muscles,",
"with",
"the",
"lumbar",
"muscles",
"showing",
"the",
"greatest",
"consistency.",
"Standing",
"FRP",
"onset",
"and",
"cessation",
"angles",
"were",
"consistently",
"greater",
"than",
"the",
"corresponding",
"seated",
"FRP",
"angles.",
"Considering",
"the",
"similar",
"number",
"of",
"FRP",
"occurrences,",
"seated",
"maximum",
"flexion",
"may",
"constitute",
"an",
"objective",
"criterion",
"for",
"low",
"back",
"pain",
"diagnosis.",
"Future",
"work",
"should",
"seek",
"to",
"confirm",
"the",
"utility",
"of",
"this",
"test",
"in",
"individuals",
"with",
"low",
"back",
"pain."
] | [
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[
"The",
"Relationship",
"Between",
"Distance",
"and",
"Post-operative",
"Visit",
"Attendance",
"Following",
"Medical",
"Male",
"Circumcision",
"in",
"Nyanza",
"Province,",
"Kenya",
"To",
"date,",
"there",
"is",
"no",
"research",
"on",
"voluntary",
"medical",
"male",
"circumcision",
"(VMMC)",
"catchment",
"areas",
"or",
"the",
"relationship",
"between",
"distance",
"to",
"a",
"VMMC",
"facility",
"and",
"attendance",
"at",
"a",
"post-operative",
"follow-up",
"visit.",
"We",
"analyzed",
"data",
"from",
"a",
"randomly",
"selected",
"subset",
"of",
"males",
"self-seeking",
"circumcision",
"at",
"one",
"of",
"16",
"participating",
"facilities",
"in",
"Nyanza",
"Province,",
"Kenya",
"between",
"2008",
"and",
"2010.",
"Among",
"1437",
"participants,",
"46.7",
"%",
"attended",
"follow-up.",
"The",
"median",
"distance",
"from",
"residence",
"to",
"utilized",
"facility",
"was",
"2.98",
"km",
"(IQR",
"1.31-5.38).",
"Nearly",
"all",
"participants",
"(98.8",
"%)",
"lived",
"within",
"5",
"km",
"from",
"a",
"facility,",
"however,",
"26.3",
"%",
"visited",
"a",
"facility",
"more",
"than",
"5",
"km",
"away.",
"Stratified",
"results",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"among",
"those",
"utilizing",
"fixed",
"facilities,",
"greater",
"distance",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"higher",
"odds",
"of",
"follow-up",
"non-attendance",
"(OR",
"5.01-10km",
"vs.",
"0-1km",
"=",
"1.71,",
"95",
"%",
"CI",
"1.08,",
"2.70,",
"p",
"=",
"0.02;",
"OR",
">10km",
"vs.",
"0-1",
"km",
"=",
"2.80,",
"95",
"%",
"CI",
"1.26,",
"6.21,",
"p",
"=",
"0.01),",
"adjusting",
"for",
"age",
"and",
"district",
"of",
"residence.",
"We",
"found",
"5",
"km",
"marked",
"the",
"threshold",
"distance",
"beyond",
"which",
"follow-up",
"attendance",
"significantly",
"dropped.",
"These",
"results",
"demonstrate",
"distance",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"predictor",
"of",
"attending",
"follow-up,",
"and",
"this",
"relationship",
"appears",
"to",
"be",
"modified",
"by",
"facility",
"type."
] | [
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[
"Promoting",
"lifestyle",
"behaviour",
"change",
"and",
"well-being",
"in",
"hospital",
"patients:",
"a",
"pilot",
"study",
"of",
"an",
"evidence-based",
"psychological",
"intervention",
"Lifestyle",
"risk",
"behaviours",
"show",
"an",
"inverse",
"social",
"gradient,",
"clustering",
"in",
"vulnerable",
"groups.",
"We",
"designed",
"and",
"piloted",
"an",
"intervention",
"to",
"address",
"barriers",
"to",
"lifestyle",
"behaviour",
"change",
"among",
"hospital",
"patients.",
"We",
"designed",
"our",
"intervention",
"using",
"effective",
"components",
"of",
"behaviour",
"change",
"interventions",
"informed",
"by",
"psychological",
"theory.",
"Delivered",
"by",
"a",
"health",
"psychologist",
"based",
"at",
"the",
"Royal",
"Free",
"London",
"NHS",
"Foundation",
"Trust,",
"the",
"4-week",
"intervention",
"included",
"detailed",
"baseline",
"assessment,",
"personalized",
"goal",
"setting,",
"psychological",
"skills",
"development,",
"motivation",
"support",
"and",
"referral",
"to",
"community",
"services.",
"Primary",
"outcomes",
"were",
"feasibility",
"and",
"patient",
"acceptability.",
"We",
"also",
"evaluated",
"changes",
"to",
"health",
"and",
"well-being.",
"From",
"1",
"July",
"2013",
"to",
"31",
"September",
"2014,",
"686",
"patients",
"were",
"referred,",
"338",
"(49.3%)",
"attended",
"a",
"first",
"appointment",
"and",
"172",
"(25.1%)",
"completed",
"follow-up.",
"Furthermore,",
"72.1%",
"of",
"attenders",
"were",
"female",
"with",
"the",
"median",
"age",
"55",
"years",
"and",
"poor",
"self-reported",
"baseline",
"health.",
"After",
"4",
"weeks,",
"self-efficacy,",
"health",
"and",
"well-being",
"scores",
"significantly",
"improved:",
"63%",
"of",
"lifestyle",
"goals",
"and",
"89%",
"of",
"health",
"management",
"goals",
"were",
"fully",
"achieved;",
"58%",
"of",
"referrals",
"to",
"community",
"lifestyle",
"behaviour",
"change",
"services",
"and",
"79%",
"of",
"referrals",
"to",
"other",
"services",
"(e.g.",
"Citizen's",
"Advice",
"Bureau)",
"were",
"accepted;",
"99%",
"were",
"satisfied",
"/",
"very",
"satisfied",
"with",
"the",
"service.",
"Our",
"hospital-based",
"intervention",
"was",
"feasible,",
"acceptable",
"and",
"showed",
"preliminary",
"health",
"and",
"well-being",
"gains."
] | [
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[
"Combining",
"electrostatic",
"powder",
"with",
"an",
"insecticide:",
"effect",
"on",
"stored",
"-",
"product",
"beetles",
"and",
"on",
"the",
"commodity",
"The",
"opportunity",
"to",
"reduce",
"the",
"amount",
"of",
"pirimiphos-methyl",
"applied",
"to",
"grain",
"by",
"formulating",
"it",
"in",
"an",
"electrostatic",
"powder",
"was",
"investigated.",
"The",
"insecticidal",
"efficacy",
"of",
"pirimiphos-methyl",
"in",
"EC",
"formulation",
"or",
"formulated",
"using",
"electrostatic",
"powder",
"(EP)",
"as",
"an",
"inert",
"carrier",
"was",
"investigated",
"against",
"Sitophilus",
"oryzae",
"(L.),",
"Oryzaephilus",
"surinamensis",
"(L.),",
"Rhyzopertha",
"dominica",
"(F.)",
"and",
"Tribolium",
"confusum",
"Jacquelin",
"du",
"Val.",
"Furthermore,",
"the",
"adhesive",
"properties",
"of",
"EP",
"to",
"rice,",
"corn",
"and",
"wheat,",
"together",
"with",
"the",
"effect",
"on",
"bulk",
"density",
"and",
"bread",
"-",
"and",
"pasta",
"-",
"making",
"properties,",
"were",
"investigated.",
"The",
"results",
"showed",
"that",
"pirimiphos-methyl",
"formulated",
"with",
"EP",
"provided",
"better",
"efficacy",
"against",
"adults",
"when",
"compared",
"with",
"EC",
"formulation",
"for",
"O.",
"surinamensis",
"and",
"T.",
"confusum,",
"but",
"there",
"was",
"no",
"difference",
"for",
"R.",
"dominica.",
"Progeny",
"production",
"was",
"consistently",
"lower",
"in",
"grain",
"treated",
"with",
"the",
"EP",
"formulation",
"than",
"in",
"grain",
"treated",
"with",
"the",
"EC.",
"Tests",
"showed",
"that",
"EP",
"adhered",
"to",
"the",
"kernels",
"for",
"longer",
"on",
"hard",
"wheat",
"than",
"on",
"maize",
"or",
"rice.",
"In",
"most",
"commodities,",
"EP",
"did",
"not",
"alter",
"the",
"bulk",
"density.",
"Finally,",
"the",
"addition",
"of",
"EP",
"did",
"not",
"affect",
"flour",
"-",
"and",
"bread",
"-",
"making",
"properties,",
"nor",
"the",
"pasta",
"-making",
"properties.",
"The",
"results",
"of",
"the",
"present",
"study",
"suggest",
"that",
"an",
"EP",
"could",
"be",
"used",
"to",
"reduce",
"the",
"amount",
"of",
"pirimiphos-methyl",
"applied",
"to",
"grain",
"for",
"effective",
"pest",
"control,",
"with",
"no",
"detrimental",
"effects",
"on",
"grain",
"quality.",
"©",
"2016",
"Society",
"of",
"Chemical",
"Industry."
] | [
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[
"Radiofrequency",
"ablation",
"of",
"posteroseptal",
"accessory",
"pathways",
"associated",
"with",
"coronary",
"sinus",
"diverticula",
"Posteroseptal",
"accessory",
"pathways",
"may",
"be",
"associated",
"with",
"a",
"coronary",
"sinus",
"(CS)",
"diverticulum.",
"Our",
"purpose",
"was",
"to",
"describe",
"the",
"clinical",
"characteristics,",
"mapping",
"and",
"ablation",
"of",
"these",
"pathways.",
"This",
"was",
"a",
"retrospective",
"study",
"of",
"all",
"patients",
"who",
"underwent",
"ablation",
"of",
"posteroseptal",
"accessory",
"pathways",
"in",
"a",
"single",
"centre.",
"Patients",
"with",
"a",
"diverticulum",
"of",
"the",
"CS",
"or",
"one",
"of",
"its",
"tributaries",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"group",
"I,",
"while",
"the",
"other",
"patients",
"formed",
"group",
"II.",
"Clinical",
"presentation,",
"ablation",
"procedure",
"and",
"outcome",
"were",
"compared",
"between",
"the",
"two",
"groups.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"51",
"patients",
"were",
"included,",
"16",
"in",
"group",
"I",
"and",
"35",
"in",
"group",
"II.",
"There",
"were",
"no",
"significant",
"differences",
"in",
"age",
"or",
"sex",
"distribution.",
"Atrial",
"fibrillation",
"(AF)",
"and",
"previous",
"unsuccessful",
"ablation",
"were",
"more",
"common",
"in",
"group",
"I.",
"A",
"negative",
"delta",
"wave",
"in",
"lead",
"II",
"was",
"the",
"ECG",
"finding",
"with",
"best",
"sensitivity",
"and",
"specificity",
"for",
"the",
"presence",
"of",
"a",
"diverticulum.",
"A",
"pathway",
"potential",
"was",
"common",
"at",
"the",
"successful",
"site",
"in",
"group",
"I,",
"and",
"the",
"interval",
"between",
"local",
"ventricular",
"electrogram",
"and",
"delta",
"wave",
"onset",
"was",
"shorter",
"(19.5",
"±",
"8",
"vs",
"33.1",
"±",
"7.6",
"ms,",
"p",
"<",
"0.001).",
"There",
"was",
"a",
"trend",
"toward",
"lower",
"procedural",
"success",
"rate",
"and",
"higher",
"recurrence",
"rate",
"in",
"group",
"I,",
"although",
"this",
"was",
"not",
"significant.",
"CS",
"diverticula",
"should",
"be",
"suspected",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"manifest",
"posteroseptal",
"accessory",
"pathways",
"who",
"have",
"a",
"previous",
"failed",
"ablation,",
"documented",
"AF",
"or",
"typical",
"electrocardiographic",
"signs.",
"A",
"discrete",
"potential",
"is",
"frequently",
"seen",
"at",
"the",
"successful",
"site,",
"but",
"the",
"local",
"ventricular",
"electrogram",
"is",
"not",
"as",
"early",
"as",
"in",
"other",
"accessory",
"pathways."
] | [
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[
"Association",
"of",
"RBP4",
"levels",
"with",
"increased",
"arterial",
"stiffness",
"in",
"adolescents",
"with",
"family",
"history",
"of",
"type",
"2",
"diabetes",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"explore",
"the",
"impact",
"of",
"family",
"history",
"of",
"type",
"2",
"diabetes",
"(FH2D)",
"on",
"arterial",
"stiffness",
"in",
"young",
"people",
"and",
"its",
"relationship",
"to",
"adipocytokines.",
"This",
"case-control",
"study",
"included",
"52",
"adolescents",
"(male",
"/",
"female",
"28/24)",
"with",
"FH2D",
"(FH2D+)",
"and",
"40",
"adolescents",
"(male",
"/",
"female",
"21/19)",
"without",
"FH2D",
"(FH2D-).",
"Anthropometric",
"measurements,",
"including",
"height,",
"weight,",
"waist",
"circumference",
"(WC),",
"and",
"blood",
"pressure,",
"were",
"obtained.",
"Blood",
"samples",
"were",
"collected,",
"fasting",
"plasma",
"glucose",
"(FPG),",
"serum",
"lipids,",
"Retinol",
"Binding",
"Protein",
"4",
"(RBP4),",
"C",
"reactive",
"protein",
"(CRP),",
"adiponectin",
"and",
"visfatin",
"were",
"examined.",
"Brachial-ankle",
"pulse",
"wave",
"velocity",
"(baPWV)",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"evaluate",
"arterial",
"stiffness.",
"Visceral",
"fat",
"area",
"(VFA)",
"was",
"measured",
"by",
"computerized",
"tomography.",
"Compared",
"with",
"FH2D-",
"group,",
"FH2D+",
"group",
"had",
"a",
"significantly",
"higher",
"oral",
"glucose",
"tolerance",
"test",
"(OGTT)",
"2-hour",
"insulin,",
"RBP4",
"and",
"baPWV",
"levels,",
"a",
"lower",
"adiponectin",
"and",
"glucose",
"infusing",
"rate",
"(GIR)",
"(P<0.05).",
"BaPWV",
"was",
"positively",
"correlated",
"with",
"age,",
"systolic",
"blood",
"pressure",
"(SBP),",
"diastolic",
"blood",
"pressure",
"(DBP),",
"2-hour",
"(OGTT)",
"insulin,",
"RBP4,",
"and",
"VFA,",
"and",
"negatively",
"correlated",
"with",
"GIR",
"in",
"FH2D+",
"group.",
"After",
"multivariate",
"analysis,",
"age,",
"SBP,",
"RBP4",
"and",
"VFA",
"maintained",
"an",
"independent",
"association",
"with",
"baPWV",
"in",
"FH2D+",
"group",
"(P<0.05),",
"while",
"only",
"age,",
"SBP,",
"and",
"VFA",
"were",
"independent",
"predictors",
"of",
"baPWV",
"in",
"FH2D-",
"group",
"(P<0.05).",
"These",
"findings",
"led",
"to",
"the",
"conclusion",
"that",
"RBP4",
"level",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"increased",
"arterial",
"stiffness",
"in",
"young",
"subjects",
"with",
"family",
"history",
"of",
"type",
"2",
"diabetes."
] | [
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[
"The",
"effect",
"of",
"total",
"hip",
"arthroplasty",
"on",
"sagittal",
"spinal",
"-",
"pelvic-leg",
"alignment",
"and",
"low",
"back",
"pain",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"severe",
"hip",
"osteoarthritis",
"Sagittal",
"spinopelvic",
"malalignment",
"has",
"been",
"reported",
"in",
"spinal",
"disorders",
"such",
"as",
"low",
"back",
"pain",
"(LBP),",
"and",
"restoration",
"of",
"normal",
"alignment",
"is",
"targeted",
"when",
"treating",
"these",
"disorders.",
"Abnormal",
"sagittal",
"spinal",
"-",
"pelvic-leg",
"alignment",
"has",
"been",
"reported",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"severe",
"hip",
"osteoarthritis",
"(OA),",
"who",
"have",
"a",
"high",
"prevalence",
"of",
"associated",
"LBP.",
"This",
"prospective",
"longitudinal",
"study",
"aimed",
"to",
"investigate",
"changes",
"in",
"sagittal",
"spinal",
"-",
"pelvic-leg",
"alignment",
"after",
"total",
"hip",
"arthroplasty",
"(THA)",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"severe",
"hip",
"OA,",
"and",
"whether",
"these",
"changes",
"contribute",
"to",
"LBP",
"relief.",
"Patients",
"undergoing",
"primary",
"THA",
"due",
"to",
"severe",
"unilateral",
"hip",
"OA",
"were",
"recruited.",
"Physical",
"examination",
"and",
"X-ray",
"films",
"were",
"taken",
"to",
"rule",
"out",
"any",
"spinal",
"disorder.",
"Sagittal",
"alignment",
"of",
"pelvis,",
"hip,",
"and",
"spine",
"was",
"analyzed",
"on",
"lateral",
"radiographs",
"taken",
"before",
"(baseline)",
"and",
"1",
"year",
"after",
"(follow-up)",
"THA.",
"Functional",
"instruments",
"were",
"completed",
"by",
"patients",
"including:",
"visual",
"analog",
"scale",
"(VAS)",
"for",
"LBP,",
"Roland-Morris",
"Disability",
"Questionnaire",
"(RMDQ),",
"and",
"Harris",
"Hip",
"Score",
"(HHS).",
"Comparisons",
"were",
"carried",
"out",
"at",
"baseline",
"and",
"follow-up,",
"and",
"between",
"patients",
"with",
"and",
"without",
"LBP.",
"The",
"recruited",
"69",
"patients",
"showed",
"significantly",
"reduced",
"hip",
"flexion",
"and",
"improved",
"global",
"spinal",
"balance",
"at",
"follow-up",
"compared",
"with",
"baseline.",
"LBP",
"was",
"reported",
"by",
"39",
"patients",
"(56.5",
"%)",
"before",
"surgery;",
"at",
"follow-up,",
"17",
"reported",
"complete",
"resolution,",
"while",
"22",
"reported",
"significant",
"relief.",
"Significant",
"decreases",
"in",
"VAS",
"and",
"RMDQ",
"scores",
"in",
"lumbar",
"spine",
"and",
"increase",
"in",
"hip",
"HHS",
"were",
"observed.",
"THA",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"severe",
"hip",
"OA",
"could",
"help",
"correct",
"abnormal",
"sagittal",
"spinal",
"-",
"pelvic-leg",
"alignment",
"and",
"relieve",
"comorbid",
"LBP.",
"Improvements",
"in",
"hip",
"flexion",
"and",
"global",
"spinal",
"balance",
"might",
"be",
"involved",
"in",
"the",
"mechanism",
"of",
"LBP",
"relief."
] | [
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[
"Impact",
"of",
"totally",
"laparoscopic",
"combined",
"management",
"of",
"colorectal",
"cancer",
"with",
"synchronous",
"hepatic",
"metastases",
"on",
"severity",
"of",
"complications:",
"a",
"propensity-score",
"-based",
"analysis",
"Thanks",
"to",
"widespread",
"diffusion",
"of",
"minimally",
"invasive",
"approach",
"in",
"the",
"setting",
"of",
"both",
"colorectal",
"and",
"hepatic",
"surgeries,",
"the",
"interest",
"in",
"combined",
"resections",
"for",
"colorectal",
"cancer",
"and",
"synchronous",
"liver",
"metastases",
"(SCLM)",
"by",
"totally",
"laparoscopic",
"approach",
"(TLA)",
"has",
"increased.",
"Aim",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"compare",
"outcome",
"of",
"combined",
"resections",
"for",
"SCLM",
"performed",
"by",
"TLA",
"or",
"by",
"open",
"approach,",
"in",
"a",
"propensity-score-based",
"study.",
"All",
"25",
"patients",
"undergoing",
"combined",
"TLA",
"for",
"SCLM",
"at",
"San",
"Raffaele",
"Hospital",
"in",
"Milano",
"were",
"compared",
"in",
"a",
"case-matched",
"analysis",
"with",
"25",
"out",
"of",
"91",
"patients",
"undergoing",
"totally",
"open",
"approach",
"(TOA",
"group).",
"Groups",
"were",
"matched",
"with",
"1:2",
"ratio",
"using",
"propensity",
"scores",
"based",
"on",
"covariates",
"representing",
"disease",
"severity.",
"Main",
"endpoints",
"were",
"postoperative",
"morbidity",
"and",
"long-term",
"outcome.",
"The",
"Modified",
"Accordion",
"Severity",
"Grading",
"System",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"quantify",
"complications.",
"The",
"groups",
"resulted",
"comparable",
"in",
"terms",
"of",
"patients",
"and",
"disease",
"characteristics.",
"The",
"TLA",
"group,",
"as",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"TOA",
"group,",
"had",
"lower",
"blood",
"loss",
"(350",
"vs",
"600",
"mL),",
"shorter",
"postoperative",
"stay",
"(9",
"vs",
"12",
"days),",
"lower",
"postoperative",
"morbidity",
"index",
"(0.14",
"vs",
"0.20)",
"and",
"severity",
"score",
"for",
"complicated",
"patients",
"(0.60",
"vs",
"0.85).",
"Colonic",
"anastomosis",
"leakage",
"had",
"the",
"highest",
"fractional",
"complication",
"burden",
"in",
"both",
"groups.",
"In",
"spite",
"of",
"comparable",
"long-term",
"overall",
"survival,",
"the",
"TLA",
"group",
"had",
"better",
"recurrence-free",
"survival.",
"TLA",
"for",
"combined",
"resections",
"is",
"feasible,",
"and",
"its",
"indications",
"can",
"be",
"widened",
"to",
"encompass",
"a",
"larger",
"population",
"of",
"patients,",
"provided",
"its",
"benefits",
"in",
"terms",
"of",
"reduced",
"overall",
"risk",
"and",
"severity",
"of",
"complications,",
"rapid",
"functional",
"recovery",
"and",
"favorable",
"long-term",
"outcomes."
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[
"Application",
"of",
"an",
"Analytical",
"Solution",
"as",
"a",
"Screening",
"Tool",
"for",
"Sea",
"Water",
"Intrusion",
"Sea",
"water",
"intrusion",
"into",
"aquifers",
"is",
"problematic",
"in",
"many",
"coastal",
"areas.",
"The",
"physics",
"and",
"chemistry",
"of",
"this",
"issue",
"are",
"complex,",
"and",
"sea",
"water",
"intrusion",
"remains",
"challenging",
"to",
"quantify.",
"Simple",
"assessment",
"tools",
"like",
"analytical",
"models",
"offer",
"advantages",
"of",
"rapid",
"application,",
"but",
"their",
"applicability",
"to",
"field",
"situations",
"is",
"unclear.",
"This",
"study",
"examines",
"the",
"reliability",
"of",
"a",
"popular",
"sharp-interface",
"analytical",
"approach",
"for",
"estimating",
"the",
"extent",
"of",
"sea",
"water",
"in",
"a",
"homogeneous",
"coastal",
"aquifer",
"subjected",
"to",
"pumping",
"and",
"regional",
"flow",
"effects",
"and",
"under",
"steady-state",
"conditions.",
"The",
"analytical",
"model",
"is",
"tested",
"against",
"observations",
"from",
"Canada,",
"the",
"United",
"States,",
"and",
"Australia",
"to",
"assess",
"its",
"utility",
"as",
"an",
"initial",
"approximation",
"of",
"sea",
"water",
"extent",
"for",
"the",
"purposes",
"of",
"rapid",
"groundwater",
"management",
"decision",
"making.",
"The",
"occurrence",
"of",
"sea",
"water",
"intrusion",
"resulting",
"in",
"increased",
"salinity",
"at",
"pumping",
"wells",
"was",
"correctly",
"predicted",
"in",
"approximately",
"60%",
"of",
"cases.",
"Application",
"of",
"a",
"correction",
"to",
"account",
"for",
"dispersion",
"did",
"not",
"markedly",
"improve",
"the",
"results.",
"Failure",
"of",
"the",
"analytical",
"model",
"to",
"provide",
"correct",
"predictions",
"can",
"be",
"attributed",
"to",
"mismatches",
"between",
"its",
"simplifying",
"assumptions",
"and",
"more",
"complex",
"field",
"settings.",
"The",
"best",
"results",
"occurred",
"where",
"the",
"toe",
"of",
"the",
"salt",
"water",
"wedge",
"is",
"expected",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"closest",
"to",
"the",
"coast",
"under",
"predevelopment",
"conditions.",
"Predictions",
"were",
"the",
"poorest",
"for",
"aquifers",
"where",
"the",
"salt",
"water",
"wedge",
"was",
"expected",
"to",
"extend",
"further",
"inland",
"under",
"predevelopment",
"conditions",
"and",
"was",
"therefore",
"more",
"dispersive",
"prior",
"to",
"pumping.",
"Sharp-interface",
"solutions",
"remain",
"useful",
"tools",
"to",
"screen",
"for",
"the",
"vulnerability",
"of",
"coastal",
"aquifers",
"to",
"sea",
"water",
"intrusion,",
"although",
"the",
"significant",
"sources",
"of",
"uncertainty",
"identified",
"in",
"this",
"study",
"require",
"careful",
"consideration",
"to",
"avoid",
"misinterpreting",
"sharp-interface",
"results."
] | [
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[
"The",
"Role",
"of",
"TRAF4",
"and",
"B3GAT1",
"Gene",
"Expression",
"in",
"the",
"Food",
"Hypersensitivity",
"and",
"Insect",
"Venom",
"Allergy",
"in",
"Mastocytosis",
"Mastocytosis",
"is",
"an",
"uncommon",
"disease",
"classified",
"as",
"a",
"myeloproliferative",
"neoplasm,",
"however,",
"its",
"symptoms",
"are",
"broad",
"and",
"place",
"patients",
"at",
"crossroads",
"between",
"dermatology,",
"hematology",
"and",
"allergology.",
"Patients",
"with",
"mastocytosis",
"often",
"suffer",
"from",
"symptoms",
"resulting",
"from",
"the",
"activation",
"and",
"release",
"of",
"mediators",
"from",
"the",
"mast",
"cells,",
"such",
"as",
"generalized",
"itching,",
"redness,",
"headache,",
"abdominal",
"cramps,",
"diarrhea,",
"bone",
"pain",
"or",
"arthritis,",
"hypotension",
"and",
"shock.",
"The",
"possible",
"severe,",
"fatal",
"or",
"near",
"fatal",
"reactions",
"caused",
"by",
"food",
"hypersensitivity",
"are",
"reasons",
"for",
"the",
"research",
"focused",
"on",
"marker",
"identification.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"the",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"analyse",
"the",
"gene",
"expression",
"differences",
"in",
"mastocytosis",
"patients",
"with",
"and",
"without",
"food",
"and",
"drug",
"hypersensitivity",
"and",
"insect",
"venom",
"allergy",
"(IVA).",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"57",
"Caucasian",
"patients",
"with",
"mastocytosis",
"were",
"studied",
"[median",
"age",
"41.8;",
"range",
"18-77",
"years;",
"15",
"(26.3",
"%)",
"males",
"and",
"42",
"(73.7",
"%)",
"females].",
"Quantitative",
"RT-PCRs",
"of",
"11",
"genes",
"plus",
"ribosomal",
"18S",
"RNA",
"were",
"run.",
"Symptoms",
"of",
"food",
"hypersensitivity",
"were",
"found",
"in",
"12",
"patients",
"(21",
"%),",
"including",
"3",
"patients",
"(13",
"%)",
"with",
"cutaneous",
"mastocytosis",
"(CM),",
"and",
"9",
"(28",
"%)",
"with",
"indolent",
"systemic",
"mastocytosis",
"(ISM).",
"IVA",
"was",
"confirmed",
"in",
"13",
"patients",
"(22.8",
"%)",
"including",
"6",
"patients",
"(10.5",
"%)",
"with",
"CM,",
"and",
"7",
"patients",
"(12.3",
"%)",
"with",
"ISM.",
"Drug",
"hypersensitivity",
"was",
"diagnosed",
"in",
"10",
"patients",
"(17.5",
"%).",
"Significant",
"differences",
"in",
"the",
"gene",
"expression",
"were",
"found",
"for",
"TRAF4",
"(p",
"=",
"0.008)",
"in",
"the",
"comparison",
"of",
"the",
"mastocytosis",
"patients",
"with",
"and",
"without",
"concomitant",
"food",
"hypersensitivity.",
"Furthermore",
"significant",
"differences",
"were",
"found",
"in",
"gene",
"expression",
"for",
"B3GAT1",
"(p",
"=",
"0.003)",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"IVA",
"compared",
"to",
"patients",
"without",
"insect",
"sting",
"anaphylaxis",
"in",
"the",
"medical",
"history.",
"The",
"expression",
"of",
"studied",
"genes",
"did",
"not",
"differ",
"according",
"to",
"the",
"presence",
"of",
"drug",
"hypersensitivity.",
"The",
"TRAF4",
"expression",
"was",
"higher",
"in",
"mastocytosis",
"patients",
"with",
"food",
"hypersensitivity",
"in",
"their",
"medical",
"history,",
"the",
"B3GAT1",
"expression",
"was",
"lower",
"in",
"mastocytosis",
"patients",
"with",
"IVA",
"in",
"history."
] | [
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[
"Generalized",
"Weakness",
"in",
"a",
"Transplant",
"Patient:",
"A",
"Case",
"Presentation",
"Generalized",
"weakness",
"in",
"transplant",
"patients",
"is",
"a",
"major",
"complaint",
"in",
"tertiary",
"rehabilitation",
"hospitals.",
"The",
"diagnosis",
"and",
"management",
"of",
"generalized",
"weakness",
"in",
"this",
"population",
"pose",
"challenges",
"for",
"physicians.",
"We",
"present",
"the",
"case",
"of",
"a",
"transplant",
"patient",
"with",
"generalized",
"weakness",
"who",
"was",
"eventually",
"diagnosed",
"with",
"calciphylaxis",
"using",
"a",
"multidisciplinary",
"diagnostic",
"approach",
"of",
"electrodiagnostics,",
"vascular",
"study,",
"and",
"skin",
"biopsy.",
"Calciphylaxis",
"is",
"a",
"rare",
"cutaneous",
"disorder",
"that",
"mimics",
"other",
"collagen",
"vascular",
"diseases",
"in",
"its",
"presentation",
"and",
"fulminant",
"course.",
"Physiatrists",
"should",
"be",
"cognizant",
"of",
"calciphylaxis,",
"as",
"it",
"signals",
"a",
"poor",
"prognosis",
"if",
"not",
"correctly",
"diagnosed",
"and",
"treated",
"in",
"a",
"timely",
"manner,",
"with",
"high",
"incidence",
"of",
"sepsis,",
"wound",
"pain,",
"and",
"disability.",
"V."
] | [
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[
"Use",
"of",
"ecoacoustics",
"to",
"determine",
"biodiversity",
"patterns",
"across",
"ecological",
"gradients",
"The",
"variety",
"of",
"local",
"animal",
"sounds",
"characterizes",
"a",
"landscape.",
"We",
"used",
"ecoacoustics",
"to",
"noninvasively",
"assess",
"the",
"species",
"richness",
"of",
"various",
"biotopes",
"typical",
"of",
"an",
"ecofriendly",
"forest",
"plantation",
"with",
"diverse",
"ecological",
"gradients",
"and",
"both",
"nonnative",
"and",
"indigenous",
"vegetation.",
"The",
"reference",
"area",
"was",
"an",
"adjacent",
"large",
"World",
"Heritage",
"Site",
"protected",
"area",
"(PA).",
"All",
"sites",
"were",
"in",
"a",
"global",
"biodiversity",
"hotspot.",
"Our",
"results",
"showed",
"how",
"taxa",
"segregated",
"into",
"various",
"biotopes.",
"We",
"identified",
"65",
"singing",
"species,",
"including",
"birds,",
"frogs,",
"crickets,",
"and",
"katydids.",
"Large,",
"natural,",
"protected",
"grassland",
"sites",
"in",
"the",
"PA",
"had",
"the",
"highest",
"mean",
"acoustic",
"diversity",
"(14.1",
"species",
"/",
"site).",
"Areas",
"covered",
"in",
"nonnative",
"timber",
"or",
"grass",
"species",
"were",
"devoid",
"of",
"acoustic",
"species.",
"Sites",
"grazed",
"by",
"native",
"and",
"domestic",
"megaherbivores",
"were",
"fairly",
"rich",
"(5.1)",
"in",
"acoustic",
"species",
"but",
"none",
"were",
"unique",
"to",
"this",
"habitat",
"type,",
"where",
"acoustic",
"diversity",
"was",
"greater",
"than",
"in",
"intensively",
"managed",
"grassland",
"sites",
"(0.04).",
"Natural",
"vegetation",
"patches",
"inside",
"the",
"plantation",
"mosaic",
"supported",
"high",
"mean",
"acoustic",
"diversity",
"(indigenous",
"forests",
"7.6,",
"grasslands",
"8.0,",
"wetlands",
"9.1),",
"which",
"increased",
"as",
"plant",
"heterogeneity",
"and",
"patch",
"size",
"increased.",
"Indigenous",
"forest",
"patches",
"within",
"the",
"plantation",
"mosaic",
"contained",
"a",
"highly",
"characteristic",
"acoustic",
"species",
"assemblage,",
"emphasizing",
"their",
"complementary",
"contribution",
"to",
"local",
"biodiversity.",
"Overall,",
"acoustic",
"signals",
"determined",
"spatial",
"biodiversity",
"patterns",
"and",
"can",
"be",
"a",
"useful",
"tool",
"for",
"guiding",
"conservation."
] | [
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[
"Relationship",
"between",
"XspI",
"Site",
"Polymorphisms",
"of",
"LDL-R",
"Gene",
"and",
"Serum",
"IL-2",
"and",
"IL-10",
"in",
"Patients",
"with",
"Hypercholesterolemia",
"Relationship",
"has",
"been",
"identified",
"in",
"sporadic",
"reports",
"between",
"polymorphisms",
"and",
"hypercholesterolemia.",
"However,",
"the",
"relationship",
"between",
"inflammatory",
"cytokines",
"and",
"polymorphism",
"of",
"low-density",
"lipoprotein",
"receptor",
"(LDL-R)",
"gene",
"in",
"hypercholesterolemia",
"is",
"unclear.",
"This",
"study",
"aimed",
"to",
"explore",
"the",
"relationship",
"and",
"significance",
"between",
"polymorphisms",
"of",
"LDL-R",
"gene",
"and",
"serum",
"Interleukin-2",
"(IL-2),",
"IL-10",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"hypercholesterolemia.",
"PCR-RFLP",
"and",
"direct",
"DNA",
"sequencing",
"assay",
"were",
"employed",
"to",
"determine",
"polymorphism",
"of",
"LDL-R",
"gene",
"in",
"900",
"patients",
"with",
"hypercholesterolemia",
"and",
"400",
"healthy",
"cases.",
"ELISA",
"was",
"applied",
"to",
"assay",
"serum",
"concentration",
"of",
"IL-2",
"and",
"IL-10.",
"Blood",
"lipid",
"indexes",
"were",
"tested",
"in",
"all",
"cases.",
"Compared",
"with",
"the",
"healthy",
"controls,",
"level",
"of",
"IL-2",
"increased",
"significantly,",
"while",
"IL-10",
"decreased",
"significantly",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"Correlation",
"analysis",
"showed",
"that",
"IL-2",
"was",
"positively",
"correlated",
"with",
"total",
"cholesterol",
"(TC),",
"LDL-c,",
"and",
"genotype",
"(r",
"=",
"0.542,",
"0.410,",
"0.598,",
"P",
"<",
"0.05)",
"and",
"negatively",
"correlated",
"with",
"HDL-c",
"(r",
"=",
"-0.352,",
"P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"Negative",
"relationship",
"also",
"was",
"found",
"between",
"TC,",
"LDL-c,",
"genotype,",
"and",
"IL-10",
"(r",
"=",
"-0.452,",
"-0.390,",
"-0.613,",
"P",
"<",
"0.05),",
"and",
"positive",
"correlation",
"between",
"HDL-c",
"and",
"IL-10",
"(r",
"=",
"0.398,",
"P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"Multiple",
"linear",
"regression",
"showed",
"that",
"genotypes",
"and",
"TC",
"were",
"independent",
"factors",
"affecting",
"the",
"levels",
"of",
"IL-2",
"and",
"IL-10",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"IL-2",
"and",
"IL-10",
"were",
"related",
"to",
"gene",
"polymorphisms",
"of",
"LDL-R,",
"which",
"might",
"be",
"involved",
"in",
"the",
"development",
"and",
"progress",
"of",
"hypercholesterolemia."
] | [
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[
"Low",
"serum",
"vitamin",
"D",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"higher",
"cortical",
"porosity",
"in",
"elderly",
"men",
"Bone",
"loss",
"at",
"peripheral",
"sites",
"in",
"the",
"elderly",
"is",
"mainly",
"cortical",
"and",
"involves",
"increased",
"cortical",
"porosity.",
"However,",
"an",
"association",
"between",
"bone",
"loss",
"at",
"these",
"sites",
"and",
"25-hydroxyvitamin",
"D",
"has",
"not",
"been",
"reported.",
"To",
"investigate",
"the",
"association",
"between",
"serum",
"levels",
"of",
"25-hydroxyvitamin",
"D,",
"bone",
"microstructure",
"and",
"areal",
"bone",
"mineral",
"density",
"(BMD)",
"in",
"elderly",
"men.",
"A",
"population",
"-based",
"cohort",
"of",
"444",
"elderly",
"men",
"(mean",
"±",
"SD",
"age",
"80.2",
"±",
"3.5",
"years)",
"was",
"investigated.",
"Bone",
"microstructure",
"was",
"measured",
"by",
"high-resolution",
"peripheral",
"quantitative",
"computed",
"tomography,",
"areal",
"BMD",
"by",
"dual-energy",
"X-ray",
"absorptiometry",
"and",
"serum",
"25-hydroxyvitamin",
"D",
"and",
"parathyroid",
"hormone",
"levels",
"by",
"immunoassay.",
"Mean",
"cortical",
"porosity",
"at",
"the",
"distal",
"tibia",
"was",
"14.7%",
"higher",
"(12.5",
"±",
"4.3%",
"vs.",
"10.9",
"±",
"4.1%,",
"P",
"<",
"0.05)",
"whilst",
"cortical",
"volumetric",
"BMD,",
"area,",
"trabecular",
"bone",
"volume",
"fraction",
"and",
"femoral",
"neck",
"areal",
"BMD",
"were",
"lower",
"in",
"men",
"in",
"the",
"lowest",
"quartile",
"of",
"vitamin",
"D",
"levels",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"highest.",
"In",
"men",
"with",
"vitamin",
"D",
"deficiency",
"(<25",
"nmol",
"L(-1))",
"or",
"insufficiency",
"[25-49",
"nmol",
"L(-1),",
"in",
"combination",
"with",
"an",
"elevated",
"serum",
"level",
"of",
"parathyroid",
"hormone",
"(>6.8",
"pmol",
"L(-1))],",
"cortical",
"porosity",
"was",
"17.2%",
"higher",
"than",
"in",
"vitamin",
"D",
"-",
"sufficient",
"men",
"(P",
"<",
"0.01).",
"A",
"linear",
"regression",
"model",
"including",
"age,",
"weight,",
"height,",
"daily",
"calcium",
"intake,",
"physical",
"activity,",
"smoking",
"vitamin",
"D",
"supplementation",
"and",
"parathyroid",
"hormone",
"showed",
"that",
"25-hydroxyvitamin",
"D",
"independently",
"predicted",
"cortical",
"porosity",
"(standardized",
"β",
"=",
"-0.110,",
"R(2)",
"=",
"1.1%,",
"P",
"=",
"0.024),",
"area",
"(β",
"=",
"0.123,",
"R(2)",
"=",
"1.4%,",
"P",
"=",
"0.007)",
"and",
"cortical",
"volumetric",
"BMD",
"(β",
"=",
"0.125,",
"R(2)",
"=",
"1.4%,",
"P",
"=",
"0.007)",
"of",
"the",
"tibia",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"areal",
"BMD",
"of",
"the",
"femoral",
"neck",
"(β",
"=",
"0.102,",
"R(2)",
"=",
"0.9%,",
"P",
"=",
"0.04).",
"Serum",
"vitamin",
"D",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"cortical",
"porosity,",
"area",
"and",
"density,",
"indicating",
"that",
"bone",
"fragility",
"as",
"a",
"result",
"of",
"low",
"vitamin",
"D",
"could",
"be",
"due",
"to",
"changes",
"in",
"cortical",
"bone",
"microstructure",
"and",
"geometry."
] | [
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[
"Rapid",
"Fabrication",
"of",
"a",
"Cell",
"-",
"Seeded",
"Collagen",
"Gel",
"-Based",
"Tubular",
"Construct",
"that",
"Withstands",
"Arterial",
"Pressure:",
"Rapid",
"Fabrication",
"of",
"a",
"Gel",
"-Based",
"Media",
"Equivalent",
"Based",
"on",
"plastically",
"compressed",
"cell",
"-",
"seeded",
"collagen",
"gels,",
"we",
"fabricated",
"a",
"small-diameter",
"tubular",
"construct",
"that",
"withstands",
"arterial",
"pressure",
"without",
"prolonged",
"culture",
"in",
"vitro.",
"Specifically,",
"to",
"mimic",
"the",
"microstructure",
"of",
"vascular",
"media,",
"the",
"cell",
"-",
"seeded",
"collagen",
"gel",
"was",
"uniaxially",
"stretched",
"prior",
"to",
"plastic",
"compression",
"to",
"align",
"collagen",
"fibers",
"and",
"hence",
"cells",
"in",
"the",
"gel.",
"The",
"resulting",
"gel",
"sheet",
"was",
"then",
"wrapped",
"around",
"a",
"custom-made",
"multi-layered",
"braided",
"tube",
"to",
"form",
"aligned",
"tubular",
"constructs",
"whereas",
"the",
"gel",
"sheet",
"prepared",
"similarly",
"but",
"without",
"uniaxial",
"stretching",
"formed",
"control",
"constructs.",
"With",
"the",
"braided",
"tube,",
"fluid",
"in",
"the",
"gel",
"construct",
"was",
"further",
"removed",
"by",
"vacuum",
"suction",
"aiming",
"to",
"consolidate",
"the",
"concentric",
"layers",
"of",
"the",
"construct.",
"The",
"construct",
"was",
"finally",
"treated",
"with",
"transglutaminase.",
"Both",
"SEM",
"and",
"histology",
"confirmed",
"the",
"absence",
"of",
"gaps",
"in",
"the",
"wall",
"of",
"the",
"construct.",
"Particularly,",
"cells",
"in",
"the",
"wall",
"of",
"the",
"aligned",
"tubular",
"construct",
"were",
"circumferentially",
"aligned.",
"The",
"enzyme",
"-mediated",
"crosslinking",
"increased",
"burst",
"pressure",
"of",
"both",
"the",
"constructs",
"significantly;",
"the",
"extent",
"of",
"the",
"increase",
"of",
"burst",
"pressure",
"for",
"the",
"aligned",
"tubular",
"construct",
"was",
"greater",
"than",
"that",
"for",
"the",
"control",
"counterpart.",
"Increasing",
"crosslinking",
"left",
"the",
"compliance",
"of",
"the",
"aligned",
"tubular",
"construct",
"unchanged",
"but",
"reduced",
"that",
"of",
"the",
"control",
"construct.",
"Cells",
"remained",
"viable",
"in",
"transglutaminase",
"-treated",
"plastically",
"compressed",
"gels",
"after",
"6",
"days",
"in",
"culture.",
"This",
"study",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"by",
"combining",
"stretch-induced",
"fiber",
"alignment,",
"plastic",
"compression,",
"and",
"enzyme",
"-mediated",
"crosslinking,",
"a",
"cell",
"-",
"seeded",
"collagen",
"gel",
"-based",
"tubular",
"construct",
"with",
"potential",
"to",
"be",
"used",
"as",
"vascular",
"media",
"can",
"be",
"made",
"within",
"3",
"days."
] | [
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1,
1,
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] |
[
"Expression",
"and",
"Purification",
"of",
"E2",
"Glycoprotein",
"from",
"Insect",
"Cells",
"(Sf9)",
"for",
"Use",
"in",
"Serology",
"Chikungunya",
"virus",
"(CHIKV)",
"is",
"a",
"mosquito",
"-",
"borne",
"arbovirus",
"which",
"poses",
"a",
"major",
"threat",
"to",
"global",
"public",
"health.",
"Definitive",
"CHIKV",
"diagnosis",
"is",
"crucial,",
"especially",
"in",
"distinguishing",
"the",
"disease",
"from",
"dengue",
"virus,",
"which",
"co-circulates",
"in",
"endemic",
"areas",
"and",
"shares",
"the",
"same",
"mosquito",
"vectors.",
"Laboratory",
"diagnosis",
"is",
"mainly",
"based",
"on",
"serological",
"or",
"molecular",
"approaches.",
"The",
"E2",
"glycoprotein",
"is",
"a",
"good",
"candidate",
"for",
"serological",
"diagnosis",
"since",
"it",
"is",
"the",
"immunodominant",
"antigen",
"during",
"the",
"course",
"of",
"infection,",
"and",
"reacts",
"with",
"seropositive",
"CHIKV",
"sera.",
"In",
"this",
"chapter,",
"we",
"describe",
"the",
"generation",
"of",
"stable",
"clone",
"Sf9",
"(Spodoptera",
"frugiperda)",
"cells",
"expressing",
"secreted,",
"soluble,",
"and",
"native",
"recombinant",
"CHIKV",
"E2",
"glycoprotein.",
"We",
"use",
"direct",
"plasmid",
"expression",
"in",
"insect",
"cells,",
"rather",
"than",
"the",
"traditional",
"technique",
"of",
"generating",
"recombinant",
"baculovirus.",
"This",
"recombinant",
"protein",
"is",
"useful",
"for",
"serological",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"CHIKV",
"infection."
] | [
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[
"Acute",
"risk",
"factors",
"for",
"suicide",
"attempts",
"and",
"death:",
"prospective",
"findings",
"from",
"the",
"STEP",
"-",
"BD",
"study",
"Suicide",
"is",
"unfortunately",
"common",
"in",
"psychiatric",
"practice,",
"but",
"difficult",
"to",
"predict.",
"The",
"present",
"study",
"sought",
"to",
"assess",
"which",
"clinical",
"symptoms",
"increase",
"in",
"the",
"months",
"before",
"suicidal",
"behavior",
"in",
"a",
"sample",
"of",
"psychiatric",
"outpatients",
"with",
"bipolar",
"disorder.",
"Data",
"from",
"the",
"Systematic",
"Treatment",
"Enhancement",
"Program",
"for",
"Bipolar",
"Disorder",
"(STEP",
"-",
"BD)",
"trial",
"were",
"used.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"103",
"participants",
"who",
"attempted",
"suicide",
"or",
"died",
"by",
"suicide",
"during",
"the",
"trial",
"were",
"included;",
"a",
"15%",
"random",
"sample",
"of",
"the",
"remaining",
"participants",
"(n",
"=",
"427)",
"was",
"used",
"as",
"a",
"comparison",
"sample.",
"Linear",
"mixed",
"models",
"in",
"the",
"six",
"months",
"before",
"suicidal",
"behavior",
"were",
"conducted",
"for",
"each",
"of",
"five",
"proposed",
"acute",
"risk",
"factors",
"for",
"suicidal",
"behavior.",
"Participants",
"were",
"assessed",
"using",
"the",
"Clinical",
"Monitoring",
"Form",
"(CMF)",
"at",
"each",
"visit",
"for",
"the",
"following",
"potential",
"acute",
"risk",
"factors",
"for",
"suicidal",
"behavior:",
"suicidal",
"ideation,",
"loss",
"of",
"interest,",
"anxiety,",
"psychomotor",
"agitation,",
"and",
"high-risk",
"behavior.",
"Each",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"symptoms",
"was",
"elevated",
"overall",
"in",
"individuals",
"who",
"engaged",
"in",
"suicidal",
"behavior",
"(p",
"<",
"0.05).",
"The",
"severity",
"of",
"both",
"suicidal",
"ideation",
"and",
"loss",
"of",
"interest",
"significantly",
"increased",
"in",
"the",
"months",
"before",
"suicidal",
"behavior",
"(p",
"<",
"0.001).",
"Anxiety",
"demonstrated",
"comparable",
"effect",
"sizes",
"across",
"multiple",
"models.",
"Psychomotor",
"agitation",
"and",
"high-risk",
"behavior",
"were",
"not",
"significantly",
"elevated",
"before",
"suicidal",
"behavior.",
"Suicidal",
"ideation,",
"loss",
"of",
"interest",
"and,",
"to",
"a",
"lesser",
"extent,",
"anxiety",
"may",
"represent",
"acute",
"suicide",
"risk",
"factors",
"up",
"to",
"four",
"months",
"before",
"suicidal",
"behavior",
"in",
"outpatients",
"with",
"bipolar",
"disorder.",
"Further",
"investigation",
"of",
"these",
"potential",
"acute",
"risk",
"factors",
"in",
"prospective",
"analyses",
"is",
"warranted."
] | [
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[
"Measurement",
"of",
"Outcomes",
"of",
"Upper",
"Limb",
"Reconstructive",
"Surgery",
"for",
"Tetraplegia",
"Reconstructive",
"arm/hand",
"surgery",
"for",
"tetraplegia",
"is",
"performed",
"to",
"improve",
"arm/hand",
"function",
"and",
"therefore",
"personal",
"well-being",
"for",
"individuals",
"who",
"accept",
"such",
"elective",
"surgeries.",
"However,",
"changes",
"at",
"an",
"impairment",
"level",
"do",
"not",
"always",
"translate",
"into",
"functional",
"or",
"quality",
"of",
"life",
"changes.",
"Therefore,",
"multiple",
"outcome",
"tools",
"should",
"be",
"used",
"that",
"incorporate",
"sufficient",
"responsiveness",
"to",
"detect",
"changes",
"in",
"arm/hand",
"function,",
"activity",
"and",
"participation,",
"and",
"quality",
"of",
"life",
"of",
"the",
"individuals",
"involved.",
"This",
"narrative",
"review",
"aims",
"to",
"assist",
"clinicians",
"to",
"choose",
"the",
"most",
"appropriate",
"tools",
"to",
"assess",
"the",
"need",
"for",
"reconstructive",
"surgery",
"and",
"to",
"evaluate",
"its",
"outcomes.",
"Our",
"specific",
"objectives",
"are",
"(1)",
"to",
"describe",
"aspects",
"to",
"consider",
"when",
"choosing",
"a",
"measure",
"and",
"(2)",
"to",
"describe",
"the",
"measures",
"advised",
"by",
"an",
"international",
"therapist",
"consensus",
"group",
"established",
"in",
"2007.",
"All",
"advised",
"measures",
"are",
"appraised",
"in",
"terms",
"of",
"the",
"underlying",
"construct,",
"administration,",
"and",
"clinical",
"relevance",
"to",
"arm/hand",
"reconstructions.",
"Essentially",
"there",
"are",
"currently",
"no",
"criterion",
"standard",
"measures",
"to",
"evaluate",
"the",
"consequences",
"of",
"reconstructive",
"arm/hand",
"surgery.",
"However,",
"with",
"judicious",
"use",
"of",
"available",
"measures",
"it",
"is",
"possible",
"to",
"ensure",
"the",
"questions",
"asked",
"or",
"tasks",
"completed",
"are",
"relevant",
"to",
"the",
"surgical",
"reconstruction",
"(s)",
"undertaken.",
"Further",
"work",
"in",
"this",
"field",
"is",
"required.",
"This",
"would",
"be",
"best",
"met",
"by",
"immediate",
"collaboration",
"between",
"2",
"outcome's",
"tool",
"developers",
"and",
"by",
"analysis",
"of",
"pre",
"-",
"and",
"postoperative",
"data",
"already",
"held",
"in",
"various",
"international",
"sites,",
"which",
"would",
"allow",
"further",
"evaluation",
"of",
"the",
"measures",
"already",
"in",
"use,",
"or",
"components",
"thereof."
] | [
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[
"Factors",
"preventing",
"kneeling",
"in",
"a",
"group",
"of",
"pre-educated",
"patients",
"post",
"total",
"knee",
"arthroplasty",
"Difficulties",
"in",
"kneeling,",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"poorest",
"scoring",
"functional",
"outcomes",
"post",
"total",
"knee",
"arthroplasty",
"(TKA),have",
"been",
"attributed",
"to",
"a",
"lack",
"of",
"patient",
"education.",
"This",
"is",
"the",
"first",
"study",
"to",
"investigate",
"specific",
"factors",
"affecting",
"a",
"patient's",
"perceived",
"ability",
"to",
"kneel",
"post",
"TKA,",
"following",
"exposure",
"to",
"a",
"preoperative",
"kneeling",
"education",
"session.",
"A",
"cross-sectional",
"study",
"was",
"conducted",
"following",
"TKA",
"with",
"patients",
"who",
"had",
"been",
"educated",
"about",
"kneeling",
"prior",
"to",
"the",
"operation.",
"Patients",
"completed",
"kneeling",
"questionnaires",
"at",
"6",
"(n",
"=",
"115)",
"and",
"12",
"(n",
"=",
"82)",
"months",
"post",
"TKA.",
"In",
"addition",
"to",
"the",
"12-month",
"kneeling",
"questionnaire,",
"patients",
"also",
"completed",
"the",
"Oxford",
"knee",
"score",
"(OKS)",
"survey.",
"Seventy-two",
"percent",
"of",
"patients",
"perceived",
"they",
"could",
"kneel",
"at",
"12",
"months",
"post",
"TKA.",
"Overall,",
"pain",
"and",
"discomfort",
"were",
"the",
"most",
"common",
"factors",
"deterring",
"patients",
"from",
"kneeling.",
"Perceived",
"kneeling",
"ability",
"was",
"the",
"poorest",
"scored",
"outcome",
"on",
"the",
"OKS",
"with",
"patients",
"reporting",
"mild",
"to",
"moderate",
"difficulty",
"with",
"this",
"task.",
"Kneeling",
"scores",
"were",
"strongly",
"correlated",
"with",
"overall",
"knee",
"function",
"scores",
"(R",
"=",
"0.70),",
"strongly",
"correlated",
"with",
"pain",
"scores",
"(R",
"=",
"0.45)",
"and",
"weakly",
"correlated",
"with",
"knee",
"stability",
"scores",
"(R",
"=",
"0.29).",
"When",
"asked",
"about",
"other",
"factors",
"preventing",
"kneeling",
"other",
"than",
"pain",
"or",
"discomfor",
"t,",
"75",
"%",
"had",
"reasons",
"unrelated",
"to",
"the",
"knee",
"or",
"TKA.",
"The",
"most",
"common",
"reason",
"was",
"'problems",
"with",
"the",
"other",
"knee",
"'",
"(n",
"=",
"19).",
"Patients",
"in",
"this",
"study",
"were",
"provided",
"with",
"education",
"regarding",
"their",
"kneeling",
"ability",
"post",
"TKA,",
"yet",
"still",
"experienced",
"limitations",
"in",
"perceived",
"kneeling",
"ability",
"post",
"operatively.",
"Contrary",
"to",
"previous",
"research,",
"our",
"study",
"suggests",
"that",
"factors",
"other",
"than",
"patient",
"education",
"affect",
"a",
"patient's",
"perceived",
"kneeling",
"ability",
"post",
"TKA."
] | [
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[
"Improved",
"diagnostic",
"yield",
"of",
"neuromuscular",
"disorders",
"applying",
"clinical",
"exome",
"sequencing",
"in",
"patients",
"arising",
"from",
"a",
"consanguineous",
"population",
"Neuromuscular",
"diseases",
"(NMDs)",
"include",
"a",
"broad",
"range",
"of",
"disorders",
"affecting",
"muscles,",
"nerves",
"and",
"neuromuscular",
"junctions.",
"Their",
"overlapping",
"phenotypes",
"and",
"heterogeneous",
"genetic",
"nature",
"have",
"created",
"challenges",
"in",
"diagnosis",
"which",
"calls",
"for",
"the",
"implementation",
"of",
"massive",
"parallel",
"sequencing",
"as",
"a",
"candidate",
"strategy",
"to",
"increase",
"the",
"diagnostic",
"yield.",
"In",
"this",
"study,",
"total",
"of",
"45",
"patients,",
"mostly",
"offspring",
"of",
"consanguineous",
"marriages",
"were",
"examined",
"using",
"whole",
"exome",
"sequencing.",
"Data",
"analysis",
"was",
"performed",
"to",
"identify",
"the",
"most",
"probable",
"pathogenic",
"rare",
"variants",
"in",
"known",
"NMD",
"genes",
"which",
"led",
"to",
"identification",
"of",
"causal",
"variants",
"for",
"33",
"out",
"of",
"45",
"patients",
"(73.3%)",
"in",
"the",
"following",
"known",
"genes:",
"CAPN3,",
"Col6A1,",
"Col6A3,",
"DMD,",
"DYSF,",
"FHL1,",
"GJB1,",
"ISPD,",
"LAMA2,",
"LMNA,",
"PLEC1,",
"RYR1,",
"SGCA,",
"SGCB,",
"SYNE1,",
"TNNT1",
"and",
"22",
"novel",
"pathogenic",
"variants",
"were",
"detected.",
"Today,",
"the",
"advantage",
"of",
"whole",
"exome",
"sequencing",
"in",
"clinical",
"diagnostic",
"strategies",
"of",
"heterogeneous",
"disorders",
"is",
"clear.",
"In",
"this",
"cohort,",
"a",
"diagnostic",
"yield",
"of",
"73.3%",
"was",
"achieved",
"which",
"is",
"quite",
"high",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"overall",
"reported",
"diagnostic",
"yield",
"of",
"25%",
"to",
"50%.",
"This",
"could",
"be",
"explained",
"by",
"the",
"consanguineous",
"background",
"of",
"these",
"patients",
"and",
"is",
"another",
"strong",
"advantage",
"of",
"offering",
"clinical",
"exome",
"sequencing",
"in",
"diagnostic",
"laboratories,",
"especially",
"in",
"populations",
"with",
"high",
"rate",
"of",
"consanguinity."
] | [
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[
"Laser",
"-facilitated",
"epicutaneous",
"immunotherapy",
"to",
"IgE-mediated",
"allergy",
"Allergen",
"specific",
"immunotherapy",
"has",
"been",
"shown",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"only",
"effective",
"treatment",
"for",
"long-lasting",
"clinical",
"benefit",
"to",
"IgE-mediated",
"allergic",
"diseases,",
"but",
"a",
"fewer",
"than",
"5%",
"of",
"patients",
"choose",
"the",
"treatment",
"because",
"of",
"inconvenience",
"and",
"a",
"high",
"risk",
"of",
"anaphylaxis.",
"Recently,",
"epicutaneous",
"allergen-specific",
"immunotherapy",
"(EPIT)",
"has",
"proven",
"effective,",
"yet",
"with",
"limitations",
"owing",
"to",
"strong",
"skin",
"reactions.",
"We",
"demonstrate",
"here",
"safer",
"and",
"faster",
"EPIT,",
"named",
"μEPIT,",
"by",
"delivering",
"powdered",
"allergen",
"and",
"adjuvants",
"into",
"many",
"micropores",
"in",
"the",
"epidermis.",
"We",
"fabricated",
"a",
"microarray",
"patch",
"fractionally",
"coated",
"with",
"a",
"powder",
"mixture",
"of",
"ovalbumin",
"(OVA)",
"model",
"allergen,",
"CpG,",
"and",
"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin",
"D3",
"(VD3).",
"Topical",
"application",
"of",
"the",
"patch",
"onto",
"laser-microperforated",
"skin",
"resulted",
"in",
"a",
"high",
"level",
"of",
"epidermal",
"delivery",
"while",
"greatly",
"minimizing",
"allergen",
"leakage",
"into",
"circulation",
"system",
"as",
"compared",
"to",
"current",
"subcutaneous",
"immunotherapy",
"(SCIT).",
"Moreover,",
"only",
"three",
"times",
"of",
"μEPIT",
"over",
"two",
"weeks",
"could",
"sufficiently",
"inhibit",
"allergen-specific",
"IgE",
"responses",
"in",
"mice",
"suffering",
"OVA",
"-induced",
"airway",
"hyperresponsivness",
"(AHR),",
"which",
"was",
"unattainable",
"by",
"eight",
"times",
"of",
"SCIT",
"over",
"three",
"weeks.",
"Mechanistically,",
"μEPIT",
"preferably",
"enhanced",
"IgG2a",
"production",
"suggesting",
"TH1-biased",
"immune",
"responses",
"and",
"induced",
"a",
"high",
"level",
"of",
"T-regulatory",
"(Treg)",
"cells",
"against",
"repeated",
"allergen",
"sensitization.",
"The",
"immune",
"tolerance",
"was",
"confirmed",
"by",
"marked",
"reduction",
"in",
"airway",
"wall",
"thickness",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"eosinophil",
"and",
"neutrophil",
"infiltration",
"into",
"the",
"respiratory",
"airway.",
"The",
"μEPIT",
"represents",
"a",
"novel",
"and",
"painless",
"technology",
"to",
"treat",
"IgE-mediated",
"allergic",
"diseases",
"with",
"little",
"local",
"skin",
"reaction",
"and",
"a",
"minimal",
"risk",
"of",
"anaphylaxis."
] | [
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1,
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1,
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2,
2,
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2,
2,
0,
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] |
[
"Predicting",
"real",
"-",
"world",
"functional",
"milestones",
"in",
"schizophrenia",
"Schizophrenia",
"is",
"a",
"severe",
"disorder",
"that",
"often",
"causes",
"impairments",
"in",
"major",
"areas",
"of",
"functioning,",
"and",
"most",
"patients",
"do",
"not",
"achieve",
"expected",
"real",
"-",
"world",
"functional",
"milestones.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"identify",
"which",
"variables",
"of",
"demography,",
"illness",
"activity,",
"and",
"functional",
"capacity",
"predict",
"patients",
"'",
"ability",
"to",
"attain",
"real",
"-",
"world",
"functional",
"milestones.",
"Participants",
"were",
"235",
"outpatients,",
"149",
"men",
"and",
"86",
"women,",
"diagnosed",
"with",
"schizophrenia",
"spectrum",
"disorder.",
"Our",
"results",
"showed",
"that",
"younger",
"patients",
"managed",
"to",
"achieve",
"a",
"higher",
"level",
"of",
"functioning",
"in",
"educational",
"level,",
"marital",
"status,",
"and",
"social",
"contacts.",
"Patients",
"'",
"functional",
"capacity",
"was",
"primarily",
"associated",
"with",
"educational",
"level",
"and",
"housing",
"situation.",
"We",
"also",
"found",
"that",
"women",
"needed",
"less",
"support",
"regarding",
"housing",
"and",
"obtained",
"a",
"higher",
"level",
"of",
"marital",
"status",
"as",
"compared",
"with",
"men.",
"Our",
"findings",
"demonstrate",
"the",
"importance",
"of",
"considering",
"current",
"symptoms,",
"especially",
"negative",
"symptoms,",
"and",
"remission",
"stability",
"over",
"time,",
"together",
"with",
"age,",
"duration",
"of",
"illness,",
"gender,",
"educational",
"level,",
"and",
"current",
"functional",
"capacity,",
"when",
"predicting",
"patients",
"'",
"future",
"real",
"-",
"world",
"functioning.",
"We",
"also",
"conclude",
"that",
"there",
"is",
"an",
"advantage",
"in",
"exploring",
"symptoms",
"divided",
"into",
"positive,",
"negative,",
"and",
"general",
"domains",
"considering",
"their",
"probable",
"impact",
"on",
"functional",
"achievements."
] | [
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] |
[
"LDLR,",
"ApoB",
"and",
"ApoE",
"genes",
"polymorphisms",
"and",
"classical",
"risk",
"factors",
"in",
"premature",
"coronary",
"artery",
"disease",
"Lipoproteins",
"play",
"a",
"central",
"role",
"in",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"atherosclerotic",
"disease.",
"So,",
"with",
"their",
"ability",
"to",
"affect",
"lipid",
"levels,",
"the",
"LDLR,",
"ApoB",
"and",
"ApoE",
"polymorphisms",
"could",
"be",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"factors",
"influencing",
"development",
"of",
"atherosclerosis.",
"This",
"hypothesis",
"has",
"been",
"tested",
"in",
"different",
"populations",
"with",
"conflicting",
"results.",
"The",
"purpose",
"of",
"the",
"present",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"investigate",
"the",
"association",
"between",
"the",
"LDLR,",
"ApoB",
"and",
"ApoE",
"genes",
"polymorphisms",
"with",
"premature",
"CAD",
"(PCAD)",
"in",
"Egyptians.",
"One",
"hundred",
"thirty-five",
"patients",
"of",
"PCAD",
"and",
"one",
"hundred",
"thirty-two",
"ages",
"and",
"sex",
"matched",
"control",
"subjects",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"the",
"study.",
"LDLR",
"and",
"ApoB",
"genes",
"polymorphisms",
"were",
"analyzed",
"by",
"polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"(PCR).",
"The",
"ApoE",
"genotypes",
"were",
"identified",
"by",
"multiplex",
"amplification",
"refractory",
"mutation",
"system",
"(multi-AMRS).",
"We",
"found",
"that",
"LDLR",
"A(+)A(+)",
"genotype,",
"ApoB",
"X(+)",
"allele",
"and",
"ApoE",
"E4",
"allele",
"increased",
"the",
"risk",
"of",
"PCAD",
"by",
"1.8,",
"2.1",
"and",
"12.1",
"respectively.",
"The",
"present",
"study",
"proved",
"that",
"smoking,",
"metabolic",
"syndrome,",
"ApoB",
"X(+)X(+)",
"genotype",
"and",
"ApoE",
"E4",
"allele",
"were",
"independent",
"risk",
"factors",
"for",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"PCAD.",
"This",
"is",
"the",
"first",
"study",
"investigate",
"the",
"association",
"between",
"low",
"density",
"lipoprotein",
"receptor,",
"apolipoprotein",
"B",
"and",
"apolipoprotein",
"E",
"genes",
"polymorphisms",
"with",
"PCAD",
"and",
"lipid",
"levels",
"in",
"Egyptians",
"and",
"we",
"concluded",
"that",
"the",
"LDLR",
"A(+)A(+)",
"genotype,",
"ApoB",
"X(+)",
"allele",
"and",
"ApoE",
"E4",
"allele",
"may",
"be",
"associated",
"with",
"an",
"increased",
"risk",
"for",
"development",
"of",
"PCAD",
"by",
"elevated",
"levels",
"of",
"total",
"cholesterol",
"(TC)",
"and",
"low",
"density",
"lipoprotein",
"(LDLc).",
"The",
"coexistence",
"of",
"CAD",
"risk",
"factors",
"with",
"LDLR",
"A(+)A(+)",
"genotype,",
"ApoB",
"X(+)",
"allele",
"and",
"ApoE",
"E4",
"allele",
"may",
"increase",
"the",
"risk",
"of",
"the",
"development",
"of",
"PCAD",
"in",
"Egyptian",
"patients."
] | [
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[
"Mandibular",
"kinesiographic",
"pattern",
"of",
"women",
"with",
"chronic",
"TMD",
"after",
"management",
"with",
"educational",
"and",
"self-care",
"therapies:",
"A",
"double-blind,",
"randomized",
"clinical",
"trial",
"Limited",
"mandibular",
"movements",
"are",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"most",
"important",
"signs",
"of",
"temporomandibular",
"disorders",
"(TMDs)",
"and",
"may",
"cause",
"functional",
"difficulties.",
"The",
"purpose",
"of",
"this",
"double-blind,",
"randomized",
"clinical",
"trial",
"was",
"to",
"evaluate",
"the",
"effect",
"of",
"treatment",
"with",
"only",
"educational",
"or",
"education",
"associated",
"with",
"self-care",
"therapies",
"on",
"the",
"pattern",
"of",
"mandibular",
"movements",
"of",
"women",
"with",
"chronic",
"painful",
"TMDs.",
"Forty-two",
"women",
"were",
"selected",
"and",
"randomly",
"divided",
"into",
"3",
"groups,",
"control",
"group",
"(CG,",
"n=13),",
"education",
"group",
"(EG,",
"n=16),",
"and",
"education",
"and",
"self-care",
"group",
"(ESG,",
"n=13),",
"according",
"to",
"the",
"sequence",
"of",
"treatment",
"they",
"received.",
"A",
"kinesiograph",
"device",
"recorded",
"mandibular",
"movements",
"during",
"maximum",
"mouth",
"opening",
"and",
"mastication",
"at",
"baseline",
"(T0)",
"and",
"at",
"30-day",
"(T1)",
"and",
"60-day",
"(T2)",
"follow-up.",
"Kinesiographic",
"data",
"were",
"statistically",
"analyzed",
"using",
"1-way",
"ANOVA,",
"followed",
"by",
"the",
"Bonferroni",
"test",
"for",
"multiple",
"comparisons",
"of",
"means",
"(α=.05).",
"The",
"ESG",
"group",
"demonstrated",
"an",
"improvement",
"in",
"the",
"maximum",
"vertical",
"opening",
"(MVO",
"=",
"5.1",
"±3.4",
"mm;",
"P=.012)",
"and",
"anteroposterior",
"mandibular",
"movement",
"(MAM)",
"during",
"maximum",
"opening",
"(7.4",
"±9.5;",
"P=.019),",
"significantly",
"higher",
"than",
"that",
"of",
"the",
"EG",
"(MVO",
"=1.8",
"±3.5",
"mm;",
"MAM",
"=0.8",
"±5.0",
"mm)",
"and",
"the",
"CG",
"(MVO",
"=0.9",
"±3.8",
"mm;",
"MAM",
"=0.8",
"±4.4",
"mm)",
"after",
"30",
"days",
"of",
"follow-up.",
"Moreover,",
"at",
"T1,",
"vertical",
"mandibular",
"movement",
"during",
"mastication",
"was",
"significantly",
"higher",
"in",
"the",
"ESG",
"group",
"(17.4",
"±1.7",
"mm)",
"than",
"in",
"the",
"EG",
"group",
"(15.0",
"±2.8,",
"P=.027).",
"No",
"significant",
"differences",
"were",
"found",
"between",
"the",
"women",
"who",
"received",
"treatment",
"with",
"educational",
"and",
"self-care",
"therapies",
"for",
"60",
"days",
"and",
"the",
"women",
"who",
"received",
"this",
"treatment",
"for",
"30",
"days.",
"In",
"the",
"short-term,",
"education",
"and",
"self-care",
"treatment",
"positively",
"influenced",
"the",
"mandibular",
"movement",
"pattern",
"of",
"women",
"with",
"chronic",
"painful",
"TMDs."
] | [
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1,
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] |
[
"MiR-211",
"is",
"epigenetically",
"regulated",
"by",
"DNMT1",
"mediated",
"methylation",
"and",
"inhibits",
"EMT",
"of",
"melanoma",
"cells",
"by",
"targeting",
"RAB22A",
"MiR-211",
"has",
"strong",
"inhibitive",
"effects",
"on",
"melanoma",
"cell",
"growth,",
"invasion",
"and",
"metastasis.",
"However,",
"how",
"it",
"is",
"downregulated",
"and",
"whether",
"other",
"genes",
"are",
"involved",
"its",
"downstream",
"regulation",
"in",
"melanoma",
"are",
"not",
"clear.",
"In",
"this",
"study,",
"we",
"firstly",
"verified",
"the",
"expression",
"of",
"miR-211",
"in",
"melanoma",
"cell",
"lines",
"and",
"observed",
"that",
"its",
"downregulation",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"increased",
"DNMT1",
"expression.",
"By",
"performing",
"qRT-PCR",
"and",
"MSP",
"analysis,",
"we",
"confirmed",
"that",
"DNMT1",
"is",
"negatively",
"correlated",
"with",
"miR-211",
"expression",
"and",
"can",
"modulate",
"DNA",
"methylation",
"in",
"the",
"promoter",
"region",
"of",
"miR-211.",
"By",
"performing",
"bioinformatics",
"analysis,",
"we",
"found",
"that",
"RAB22A",
"is",
"a",
"possible",
"target",
"of",
"miR-211,",
"which",
"has",
"two",
"broadly",
"conversed",
"binding",
"sites",
"with",
"miR-211",
"in",
"the",
"3'UTR.",
"Following",
"dual",
"luciferase",
"assay,",
"qRT-PCR",
"and",
"western",
"blot",
"analysis",
"confirmed",
"the",
"direct",
"binding",
"between",
"miR-211",
"and",
"RAB22A",
"and",
"the",
"suppressive",
"effect",
"of",
"miR-211",
"on",
"RAB22A",
"expression.",
"Knockdown",
"of",
"RAB22A",
"increased",
"epithelial",
"properties",
"and",
"impaired",
"mesenchymal",
"properties",
"of",
"the",
"melanoma",
"cells,",
"suggesting",
"that",
"miR-211",
"modulates",
"epithelial",
"mesenchymal",
"transition",
"(EMT)",
"of",
"melanoma",
"cells",
"via",
"downregulating",
"RAB22A.",
"In",
"summary,",
"the",
"present",
"study",
"firstly",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"DNMT1",
"mediated",
"promoter",
"methylation",
"is",
"a",
"mechanism",
"of",
"miRNA",
"suppression",
"in",
"melanoma",
"and",
"revealed",
"a",
"new",
"tumor",
"suppressor",
"role",
"of",
"the",
"miR-211",
"by",
"targeting",
"RAB22A",
"in",
"melanoma.",
"The",
"DNMT1",
"/",
"miR-211",
"/",
"RAB22A",
"axis",
"provides",
"a",
"novel",
"insight",
"into",
"the",
"pathogenesis",
"of",
"melanoma,",
"particularly",
"in",
"the",
"EMT",
"process."
] | [
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] |
[
"Body",
"mass",
"index",
"and",
"suicide",
"methods",
"Overweight",
"and",
"obesity",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"lower",
"rates",
"of",
"suicide.",
"However,",
"little",
"is",
"known",
"about",
"the",
"association",
"with",
"different",
"suicide",
"methods.",
"We",
"studied",
"the",
"association",
"between",
"groups",
"of",
"body",
"mass",
"index",
"and",
"suicide",
"methods.",
"We",
"identified",
"all",
"medicolegal",
"autopsy",
"cases",
"with",
"a",
"cause",
"of",
"death",
"due",
"to",
"external",
"causes",
"in",
"Sweden",
"during",
"1999-2013",
"(N",
"=",
"39,368)",
"and",
"included",
"11,715",
"suicides",
"and",
"13,316",
"accidents",
"or",
"homicides",
"as",
"controls.",
"We",
"applied",
"multinomial",
"regression",
"models",
"adjusted",
"for",
"age,",
"sex,",
"year",
"and",
"season",
"of",
"death.",
"Obesity",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"suicidal",
"intoxication,",
"OR",
"1.15",
"[95%",
"confidence",
"interval",
"(CI)",
"1.02,",
"1.30]",
"and",
"negatively",
"associated",
"with",
"all",
"other",
"suicide",
"methods",
"studied.",
"Underweight",
"showed",
"a",
"negative",
"association",
"with",
"suicidal",
"drowning",
"and",
"there",
"was",
"an",
"indication",
"towards",
"a",
"negative",
"association",
"with",
"hanging",
"in",
"men",
"OR",
"0.81",
"(95%",
"CI",
"0.65,",
"1.01).",
"We",
"conclude",
"that",
"body",
"mass",
"index",
"(BMI)",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"choice",
"of",
"suicide",
"method.",
"This",
"may",
"be",
"of",
"importance",
"in",
"a",
"public",
"health",
"perspective,",
"e.g.",
"potential",
"for",
"prevention",
"of",
"intoxications.",
"In",
"the",
"practice",
"of",
"forensic",
"medicine,",
"the",
"physician's",
"level",
"of",
"suspicion",
"may",
"rise",
"if",
"the",
"apparent",
"suicidal",
"method",
"is",
"less",
"common",
"for",
"the",
"individual",
"characteristics",
"of",
"the",
"deceased,",
"such",
"as",
"BMI."
] | [
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] |
[
"Cognitive",
"impairment",
"in",
"HIV",
"and",
"HCV",
"co-infected",
"patients:",
"a",
"systematic",
"review",
"and",
"meta-analysis",
"Cognitive",
"impairment",
"has",
"been",
"well",
"documented",
"in",
"human",
"immunodeficiency",
"virus",
"(HIV)",
"and",
"hepatitis",
"C",
"virus",
"(HCV)",
"mono-infections.",
"However,",
"in",
"the",
"context",
"of",
"HIV",
"/",
"HCV",
"co-infection",
"the",
"research",
"is",
"more",
"limited.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"this",
"systematic",
"review",
"was",
"to",
"describe",
"the",
"characteristics",
"of",
"cognitive",
"impairment",
"in",
"HIV",
"/",
"HCV",
"co-infection",
"and",
"to",
"examine",
"the",
"differences",
"in",
"cognitive",
"performance",
"between",
"HIV",
"/",
"HCV",
"and",
"HIV",
"and",
"HCV",
"mono-infected",
"patients.",
"Of",
"the",
"437",
"records",
"initially",
"screened,",
"24",
"papers",
"met",
"the",
"inclusion",
"criteria",
"and",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"the",
"systematic",
"review.",
"Four",
"studies",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"the",
"meta-analysis.",
"Most",
"studies",
"indicated",
"that",
"HIV",
"/",
"HCV",
"co-infected",
"patients",
"had",
"a",
"higher",
"level",
"of",
"cognitive",
"impairment",
"than",
"HIV",
"mono-infected",
"patients.",
"Meta-analysis",
"also",
"indicated",
"that",
"HIV",
"mono-infected",
"patients",
"had",
"a",
"significantly",
"lower",
"global",
"deficit",
"score",
"than",
"co-infected",
"patients.",
"The",
"results",
"also",
"indicated",
"that",
"co-infected",
"patients",
"were",
"more",
"likely",
"to",
"be",
"impaired",
"in",
"information",
"processing",
"speed",
"than",
"HIV",
"mono-infected",
"patients.",
"These",
"findings",
"can",
"be",
"challenged",
"by",
"biasing",
"factors",
"such",
"as",
"the",
"small",
"number",
"of",
"included",
"studies,",
"heterogeneity",
"of",
"the",
"samples",
"and",
"a",
"large",
"diversity",
"of",
"methodological",
"procedures.",
"Future",
"research",
"with",
"consistent",
"and",
"comprehensive",
"neuropsychological",
"batteries",
"and",
"covering",
"a",
"greater",
"diversity",
"of",
"risk",
"factors",
"is",
"needed,",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"clarify",
"the",
"effects",
"of",
"both",
"viruses",
"on",
"cognitive",
"function",
"and",
"the",
"mechanisms",
"that",
"underlie",
"these",
"effects.",
"Because",
"cognitive",
"impairments",
"may",
"pose",
"significant",
"challenges",
"to",
"medication",
"adherence,",
"quality",
"of",
"life",
"and",
"overall",
"functioning,",
"such",
"knowledge",
"may",
"have",
"important",
"implications",
"to",
"the",
"planning",
"and",
"implementation",
"of",
"effective",
"interventions",
"aimed",
"at",
"optimising",
"the",
"clinical",
"management",
"of",
"these",
"infections."
] | [
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[
"Usefulness",
"of",
"Embolization",
"for",
"Iatrogenic",
"Dural",
"Arteriovenous",
"Fistula",
"Associated",
"with",
"Recurrent",
"Chronic",
"Subdural",
"Hematoma:",
"A",
"Case",
"Report",
"and",
"Literature",
"Review",
"Refractory",
"chronic",
"subdural",
"hematomas",
"due",
"to",
"iatrogenic",
"dural",
"arteriovenous",
"fistulas",
"(dAVFs)",
"are",
"difficult",
"to",
"treat.",
"We",
"report",
"our",
"experience",
"and",
"propose",
"a",
"guideline",
"on",
"basis",
"of",
"a",
"literature",
"review",
"for",
"the",
"usefulness",
"of",
"embolization",
"of",
"middle",
"meningeal",
"artery",
"(MMA)",
"for",
"the",
"treatment",
"of",
"the",
"same.",
"We",
"report",
"a",
"case",
"with",
"right",
"hemiparesis",
"and",
"aphasia",
"1",
"month",
"after",
"a",
"fall",
"from",
"a",
"bicycle.",
"Computed",
"tomography",
"scan",
"of",
"the",
"head",
"showed",
"left",
"chronic",
"subdural",
"hematoma,",
"which",
"was",
"evacuated",
"by",
"burr-hole",
"drainage.",
"The",
"postoperative",
"course",
"was",
"complicated",
"by",
"reaccumulation",
"within",
"short",
"period",
"of",
"time.",
"On",
"superselective",
"digital",
"subtraction",
"angiography",
"of",
"MMA,",
"iatrogenic",
"dAVF",
"was",
"found",
"on",
"left",
"side.",
"We",
"embolized",
"successfully",
"it",
"using",
"n-butyl",
"cyanoacrylate",
"after",
"a",
"third",
"irrigation.",
"No",
"reaccumulation",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"postoperative",
"period",
"or",
"at",
"last",
"follow-up.",
"We",
"propose",
"treatment",
"protocol",
"based",
"on",
"our",
"experience",
"and",
"literature",
"review.",
"Refractory",
"chronic",
"subdural",
"hematoma",
"with",
"reaccumulation",
"within",
"a",
"short",
"interval",
"should",
"be",
"subjected",
"to",
"digital",
"subtraction",
"angiography",
"of",
"the",
"MMA.",
"Embolization",
"of",
"ipsilateral",
"MMA",
"is",
"safe,",
"effective,",
"and",
"a",
"useful",
"option",
"for",
"the",
"treatment",
"of",
"iatrogenic",
"dAVF",
"and",
"resolution",
"of",
"hematoma."
] | [
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[
"Incidence",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"and",
"risk",
"factors",
"in",
"the",
"primary",
"dentition:",
"a",
"prospective",
"longitudinal",
"study",
"Few",
"studies",
"have",
"assessed",
"the",
"incidence",
"and",
"risk",
"factors",
"to",
"crown",
"fractures",
"in",
"preschool",
"children.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"estimate",
"the",
"incidence",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"in",
"the",
"primary",
"dentition",
"over",
"a",
"1-year",
"follow-up",
"period,",
"identify",
"risk",
"factors,",
"and",
"test",
"the",
"hypothesis",
"that",
"children",
"with",
"previous",
"crown",
"fracture",
"are",
"more",
"prone",
"to",
"experience",
"further",
"cases",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"independently",
"of",
"other",
"risk",
"factors.",
"This",
"study",
"was",
"developed",
"in",
"two",
"phases:",
"cross-sectional",
"and",
"prospective",
"longitudinal",
"study.",
"The",
"cross-sectional",
"study",
"was",
"carried",
"out",
"261",
"preschool",
"children.",
"The",
"prospective",
"longitudinal",
"study",
"was",
"carried",
"out",
"194",
"children",
"allocated",
"to",
"two",
"groups:",
"exposed",
"group",
"(children",
"with",
"prior",
"exposure",
"to",
"crown",
"fracture)",
"and",
"non",
"-",
"exposed",
"group",
"(children",
"without",
"prior",
"exposure).",
"On",
"both",
"occasions,",
"children",
"were",
"examined",
"for",
"the",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"and",
"evaluation",
"of",
"lip",
"coverage",
"and",
"overjet.",
"The",
"parents",
"were",
"interviewed",
"with",
"regard",
"to",
"the",
"socioeconomic",
"indicators.",
"New",
"cases",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"were",
"identified",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"comparison",
"of",
"the",
"two",
"examinations.",
"Data",
"analysis",
"involved",
"Pearson's",
"chi-square",
"test,",
"McNemar's",
"test,",
"and",
"Poisson",
"regression",
"with",
"robust",
"variance.",
"Among",
"the",
"261",
"children",
"who",
"participated",
"in",
"the",
"cross-sectional",
"study,",
"194",
"were",
"re-examined",
"(65",
"in",
"the",
"exposed",
"group",
"and",
"129",
"in",
"the",
"non",
"-",
"exposed",
"group).",
"The",
"overall",
"incidence",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"was",
"55.7%",
"(n",
"=",
"108).",
"The",
"difference",
"in",
"percentage",
"of",
"increased",
"risk",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"in",
"exposed",
"and",
"non",
"-",
"exposed",
"groups",
"was",
"13.4%.",
"A",
"greater",
"incidence",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"was",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"exposed",
"group",
"(64.6%;",
"P",
"<",
"0,001).",
"The",
"children",
"exposed",
"(RR:",
"1.30;",
"95%",
"CI:",
"1.01-1.67)",
"had",
"a",
"greater",
"risk",
"of",
"developing",
"new",
"cases",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"in",
"comparison",
"with",
"the",
"non",
"-",
"exposed",
"group.",
"The",
"incidence",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"was",
"high",
"and",
"children",
"with",
"previous",
"crown",
"fracture",
"had",
"a",
"greater",
"risk",
"of",
"suffering",
"new",
"cases",
"of",
"crown",
"fracture",
"during",
"the",
"1-year",
"follow-up",
"period."
] | [
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[
"An",
"Efficient",
"and",
"Reliable",
"Statistical",
"Method",
"for",
"Estimating",
"Functional",
"Connectivity",
"in",
"Large",
"Scale",
"Brain",
"Networks",
"Using",
"Partial",
"Correlation",
"Currently,",
"network-oriented",
"analysis",
"of",
"fMRI",
"data",
"has",
"become",
"an",
"important",
"tool",
"for",
"understanding",
"brain",
"organization",
"and",
"brain",
"networks.",
"Among",
"the",
"range",
"of",
"network",
"modeling",
"methods,",
"partial",
"correlation",
"has",
"shown",
"great",
"promises",
"in",
"accurately",
"detecting",
"true",
"brain",
"network",
"connections.",
"However,",
"the",
"application",
"of",
"partial",
"correlation",
"in",
"investigating",
"brain",
"connectivity,",
"especially",
"in",
"large-scale",
"brain",
"networks,",
"has",
"been",
"limited",
"so",
"far",
"due",
"to",
"the",
"technical",
"challenges",
"in",
"its",
"estimation.",
"In",
"this",
"paper,",
"we",
"propose",
"an",
"efficient",
"and",
"reliable",
"statistical",
"method",
"for",
"estimating",
"partial",
"correlation",
"in",
"large-scale",
"brain",
"network",
"modeling.",
"Our",
"method",
"derives",
"partial",
"correlation",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"precision",
"matrix",
"estimated",
"via",
"Constrained",
"L1-minimization",
"Approach",
"(CLIME),",
"which",
"is",
"a",
"recently",
"developed",
"statistical",
"method",
"that",
"is",
"more",
"efficient",
"and",
"demonstrates",
"better",
"performance",
"than",
"the",
"existing",
"methods.",
"To",
"help",
"select",
"an",
"appropriate",
"tuning",
"parameter",
"for",
"sparsity",
"control",
"in",
"the",
"network",
"estimation,",
"we",
"propose",
"a",
"new",
"Dens-based",
"selection",
"method",
"that",
"provides",
"a",
"more",
"informative",
"and",
"flexible",
"tool",
"to",
"allow",
"the",
"users",
"to",
"select",
"the",
"tuning",
"parameter",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"desired",
"sparsity",
"level.",
"Another",
"appealing",
"feature",
"of",
"the",
"Dens-based",
"method",
"is",
"that",
"it",
"is",
"much",
"faster",
"than",
"the",
"existing",
"methods,",
"which",
"provides",
"an",
"important",
"advantage",
"in",
"neuroimaging",
"applications.",
"Simulation",
"studies",
"show",
"that",
"the",
"Dens-based",
"method",
"demonstrates",
"comparable",
"or",
"better",
"performance",
"with",
"respect",
"to",
"the",
"existing",
"methods",
"in",
"network",
"estimation.",
"We",
"applied",
"the",
"proposed",
"partial",
"correlation",
"method",
"to",
"investigate",
"resting",
"state",
"functional",
"connectivity",
"using",
"rs-fMRI",
"data",
"from",
"the",
"Philadelphia",
"Neurodevelopmental",
"Cohort",
"(PNC)",
"study.",
"Our",
"results",
"show",
"that",
"partial",
"correlation",
"analysis",
"removed",
"considerable",
"between-module",
"marginal",
"connections",
"identified",
"by",
"full",
"correlation",
"analysis,",
"suggesting",
"these",
"connections",
"were",
"likely",
"caused",
"by",
"global",
"effects",
"or",
"common",
"connection",
"to",
"other",
"nodes.",
"Based",
"on",
"partial",
"correlation,",
"we",
"find",
"that",
"the",
"most",
"significant",
"direct",
"connections",
"are",
"between",
"homologous",
"brain",
"locations",
"in",
"the",
"left",
"and",
"right",
"hemisphere.",
"When",
"comparing",
"partial",
"correlation",
"derived",
"under",
"different",
"sparse",
"tuning",
"parameters,",
"an",
"important",
"finding",
"is",
"that",
"the",
"sparse",
"regularization",
"has",
"more",
"shrinkage",
"effects",
"on",
"negative",
"functional",
"connections",
"than",
"on",
"positive",
"connections,",
"which",
"supports",
"previous",
"findings",
"that",
"many",
"of",
"the",
"negative",
"brain",
"connections",
"are",
"due",
"to",
"non-neurophysiological",
"effects.",
"An",
"R",
"package",
"\"DensParcorr\"",
"can",
"be",
"downloaded",
"from",
"CRAN",
"for",
"implementing",
"the",
"proposed",
"statistical",
"methods."
] | [
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[
"Metabolite",
"Profiling",
"of",
"Italian",
"Tomato",
"Landraces",
"with",
"Different",
"Fruit",
"Types",
"Increased",
"interest",
"toward",
"traditional",
"tomato",
"varieties",
"is",
"fueled",
"by",
"the",
"need",
"to",
"rescue",
"desirable",
"organoleptic",
"traits",
"and",
"to",
"improve",
"the",
"quality",
"of",
"fresh",
"and",
"processed",
"tomatoes",
"in",
"the",
"market.",
"In",
"addition,",
"the",
"phenotypic",
"and",
"genetic",
"variation",
"preserved",
"in",
"tomato",
"landraces",
"represents",
"a",
"means",
"to",
"understand",
"the",
"genetic",
"basis",
"of",
"traits",
"related",
"to",
"health",
"and",
"organoleptic",
"aspects",
"and",
"improve",
"them",
"in",
"modern",
"varieties.",
"To",
"establish",
"a",
"framework",
"for",
"this",
"approach,",
"we",
"studied",
"the",
"content",
"of",
"several",
"metabolites",
"in",
"a",
"panel",
"of",
"Italian",
"tomato",
"landraces",
"categorized",
"into",
"three",
"broad",
"fruit",
"type",
"classes",
"(flattened",
"/",
"ribbed,",
"pear",
"/",
"oxheart,",
"round",
"/",
"elongate).",
"Three",
"modern",
"hybrids,",
"corresponding",
"to",
"the",
"three",
"fruit",
"shape",
"typologies,",
"were",
"included",
"as",
"reference.",
"Red",
"ripe",
"fruits",
"were",
"morphologically",
"characterized",
"and",
"biochemically",
"analyzed",
"for",
"their",
"content",
"in",
"glycoalkaloids,",
"phenols,",
"amino",
"acids,",
"and",
"Amadori",
"products.",
"The",
"round",
"/",
"elongate",
"types",
"showed",
"a",
"higher",
"content",
"in",
"glycoalkaloids,",
"whereas",
"flattened",
"types",
"had",
"higher",
"levels",
"of",
"phenolic",
"compounds.",
"Flattened",
"tomatoes",
"were",
"also",
"rich",
"in",
"total",
"amino",
"acids",
"and",
"in",
"particular",
"in",
"glutamic",
"acid.",
"Multivariate",
"analysis",
"of",
"amino",
"acid",
"content",
"clearly",
"separated",
"the",
"three",
"classes",
"of",
"fruit",
"types.",
"Making",
"allowance",
"of",
"the",
"very",
"low",
"number",
"of",
"genotypes,",
"phenotype-marker",
"relationships",
"were",
"analyzed",
"after",
"retrieving",
"single",
"nucleotide",
"polymorphisms",
"(SNPs)",
"among",
"the",
"landraces",
"available",
"in",
"the",
"literature.",
"Sixty-six",
"markers",
"were",
"significantly",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"studied",
"traits.",
"The",
"positions",
"of",
"several",
"of",
"these",
"SNPs",
"showed",
"correspondence",
"with",
"already",
"described",
"genomic",
"regions",
"and",
"QTLs",
"supporting",
"the",
"reliability",
"of",
"the",
"association.",
"Overall",
"the",
"data",
"indicated",
"that",
"significant",
"changes",
"in",
"quality",
"-related",
"metabolites",
"occur",
"depending",
"on",
"the",
"genetic",
"background",
"in",
"traditional",
"tomato",
"germplasm,",
"frequently",
"according",
"to",
"specific",
"fruit",
"shape",
"categories.",
"Such",
"a",
"variability",
"is",
"suitable",
"to",
"harness",
"association",
"mapping",
"for",
"metabolic",
"quality",
"traits",
"using",
"this",
"germplasm",
"as",
"an",
"experimental",
"population,",
"paving",
"the",
"way",
"for",
"investigating",
"their",
"genetic",
"/",
"molecular",
"basis,",
"and",
"facilitating",
"breeding",
"for",
"quality-related",
"compounds",
"in",
"tomato",
"fruits."
] | [
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[
"Cross-reactivity",
"features",
"of",
"deoxynivalenol",
"(DON)-targeted",
"immunoaffinity",
"columns",
"aiming",
"to",
"achieve",
"simultaneous",
"analysis",
"of",
"DON",
"and",
"major",
"conjugates",
"in",
"cereal",
"samples",
"Immunoaffinity",
"columns",
"(IACs)",
"are",
"a",
"well-established",
"tool",
"in",
"the",
"determination",
"of",
"regulated",
"mycotoxins",
"in",
"food",
"and",
"feed",
"commodities.",
"However,",
"they",
"also",
"have",
"the",
"potential",
"to",
"become",
"attractive",
"pre-concentration",
"and",
"clean-up",
"materials",
"for",
"the",
"determination",
"of",
"masked",
"(also",
"called",
"modified)",
"mycotoxins,",
"which",
"have",
"been",
"recognised",
"as",
"important",
"contributors",
"to",
"the",
"toxicological",
"hazard",
"deriving",
"from",
"fungal",
"spoilage",
"of",
"goods.",
"However,",
"the",
"information",
"available",
"in",
"the",
"literature",
"concerning",
"the",
"cross-reactivity",
"of",
"DON",
"-",
"IACs",
"against",
"the",
"major",
"conjugates",
"(DON-3-G,",
"15-AcDON",
"and",
"3-AcDON)",
"is",
"incomplete",
"and",
"often",
"contradictory.",
"We",
"have",
"carried",
"out",
"a",
"detailed",
"characterisation",
"of",
"the",
"cross-reactivity",
"of",
"the",
"four",
"main",
"IACs",
"brands",
"against",
"DON",
"and",
"its",
"conjugates",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"an",
"assessment",
"of",
"the",
"competition",
"among",
"the",
"analytes.",
"Only",
"one",
"IAC",
"enabled",
"the",
"simultaneous",
"analysis",
"of",
"all",
"relevant",
"DON",
"forms",
"while",
"two",
"missed",
"15-AcDON",
"and",
"the",
"fourth",
"one",
"missed",
"DON-3-G",
"and",
"3-AcDON.",
"In",
"the",
"case",
"of",
"the",
"multivalent",
"IAC,",
"the",
"analytes",
"modified",
"at",
"the",
"C-3",
"position",
"compete",
"for",
"the",
"antibody",
"binding",
"with",
"preference",
"for",
"3-AcDON",
"(less",
"spatially",
"hindered)",
"while",
"DON-3-G",
"has",
"the",
"more-hindered",
"access",
"to",
"the",
"active",
"sites.",
"Taking",
"into",
"consideration",
"the",
"levels",
"of",
"DON",
"conjugates",
"existing",
"in",
"real",
"samples,",
"the",
"cross-reactivity",
"of",
"one",
"DON",
"-",
"IAC",
"allows",
"a",
"quantitative",
"analysis",
"of",
"all",
"of",
"these",
"analytes.",
"Important",
"but",
"rather",
"neglected",
"aspects",
"such",
"as",
"the",
"continuous",
"supply",
"of",
"IACs",
"with",
"identical",
"characteristics,",
"and",
"of",
"columns",
"which",
"are",
"strictly",
"blank,",
"are",
"also",
"addressed",
"in",
"this",
"paper."
] | [
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[
"Improving",
"Early",
"Identification",
"and",
"Ongoing",
"Care",
"of",
"Children",
"With",
"Autism",
"Spectrum",
"Disorder",
"Poor",
"adherence",
"to",
"recommended",
"screening",
"for",
"autism",
"spectrum",
"disorder",
"(ASD)",
"and",
"pediatricians",
"'",
"lack",
"of",
"confidence",
"in",
"providing",
"care",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD",
"reflect",
"quality",
"gaps",
"in",
"primary",
"care.",
"This",
"study",
"aimed",
"to",
"increase",
"the",
"proportion",
"of",
"toddlers",
"screened",
"for",
"ASD",
"and",
"improve",
"physicians",
"'",
"self-efficacy",
"in",
"providing",
"care",
"to",
"children",
"with",
"ASD.",
"Twenty-six",
"Utah",
"primary",
"care",
"practices",
"participated",
"in",
"a",
"3",
"to",
"6",
"month",
"learning",
"collaborative",
"(LC)",
"to",
"improve",
"identification",
"and",
"ongoing",
"care",
"of",
"children",
"with",
"ASD.",
"Monthly",
"chart",
"audits",
"assessed",
"whether",
"an",
"ASD",
"screening",
"tool",
"was",
"administered",
"at",
"18-",
"and",
"24-",
"month",
"visits.",
"Physicians",
"completed",
"pre-LC",
"and",
"post-LC",
"surveys",
"to",
"assess",
"changes",
"in",
"self-efficacy",
"in",
"providing",
"care",
"and",
"changes",
"in",
"perceived",
"barriers",
"to",
"implementation",
"of",
"screening",
"and",
"caring",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD.",
"Before",
"the",
"LC,",
"15%",
"of",
"18-",
"and",
"24-",
"month",
"visits",
"had",
"documented",
"ASD",
"screening,",
"compared",
"with",
"91%",
"during",
"the",
"last",
"month",
"of",
"the",
"LC",
"(P",
"<",
".001).",
"This",
"rate",
"of",
"ASD",
"screening",
"was",
"sustained",
"4",
"years",
"after",
"the",
"LC",
"by",
"most",
"practices.",
"Compared",
"with",
"survey",
"responses",
"before",
"the",
"LC,",
"physicians",
"reported",
"significant",
"improvement",
"in",
"their",
"ability",
"to",
"care",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD",
"and",
"decreases",
"in",
"their",
"perceived",
"barriers",
"to",
"screening",
"and",
"caring",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD.",
"The",
"LC",
"was",
"effective",
"in",
"increasing",
"and",
"sustaining",
"recommended",
"ASD",
"screening",
"of",
"toddlers",
"and",
"improving",
"physicians",
"'",
"perceived",
"self-efficacy",
"in",
"caring",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD.",
"Improving",
"primary",
"care",
"screening,",
"skills,",
"and",
"knowledge",
"may",
"improve",
"the",
"timing",
"of",
"diagnosis,",
"initiation",
"of",
"treatment,",
"quality",
"of",
"care,",
"and",
"outcomes",
"for",
"children",
"with",
"ASD."
] | [
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[
"Describing",
"Self-Care",
"Self-Efficacy:",
"Definition,",
"Measurement,",
"Outcomes,",
"and",
"Implications",
"The",
"pragmatic",
"utility",
"method",
"of",
"concept",
"analysis",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"explore",
"the",
"usefulness",
"of",
"the",
"concept",
"self-care",
"self-efficacy.",
"Empirical",
"studies",
"across",
"disciplines",
"published",
"between",
"1996",
"and",
"2015",
"were",
"used",
"as",
"data.",
"A",
"data",
"matrix",
"was",
"developed.",
"Analytical",
"questions",
"and",
"responses",
"were",
"derived",
"from",
"the",
"data",
"to",
"understand",
"patterns,",
"develop",
"new",
"knowledge",
"and",
"achieve",
"synthesis.",
"Usefulness",
"of",
"the",
"concept",
"is",
"contingent",
"on",
"how",
"it",
"is",
"defined",
"and",
"measured.",
"Self-care",
"self-efficacy",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"performance",
"of",
"self-care",
"activities",
"and",
"positive",
"health",
"outcomes",
"in",
"diverse",
"populations.",
"Research",
"can",
"guide",
"development",
"of",
"targeted",
"interventions",
"to",
"increase",
"patients",
"'",
"self-care",
"self-efficacy,",
"thus",
"reducing",
"costs,",
"and",
"assisting",
"people",
"to",
"achieve",
"optimal",
"health."
] | [
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[
"Dynamics",
"of",
"intestinal",
"metabolites",
"and",
"morphology",
"in",
"response",
"to",
"necrotic",
"enteritis",
"challenge",
"in",
"broiler",
"chickens",
"Despite",
"the",
"relatively",
"small",
"contribution",
"to",
"metabolizable",
"energy",
"that",
"volatile",
"fatty",
"acids",
"(VFAs)",
"provide",
"in",
"chickens,",
"these",
"organic",
"acids",
"have",
"been",
"reported",
"to",
"play",
"beneficial",
"roles",
"in",
"the",
"gastrointestinal",
"tract",
"(GIT)",
"of",
"birds,",
"for",
"example,",
"inhibition",
"of",
"the",
"growth",
"of",
"some",
"pathogenic",
"bacteria.",
"However,",
"information",
"regarding",
"the",
"dynamics",
"of",
"these",
"metabolites",
"in",
"the",
"GIT",
"of",
"chickens",
"is",
"still",
"scarce,",
"especially",
"under",
"disease",
"conditions",
"such",
"as",
"necrotic",
"enteritis",
"(NE).",
"Here,",
"we",
"investigated",
"the",
"dynamics",
"of",
"VFAs",
"and",
"lactic",
"acid,",
"and",
"intestinal",
"morphology",
"in",
"response",
"to",
"NE",
"predisposing",
"factors,",
"that",
"is,",
"excessive",
"dietary",
"fishmeal",
"and",
"Eimeria",
"inoculation,",
"and",
"causative",
"agent",
"Clostridium",
"perfringens",
"producing",
"NetB",
"toxin.",
"The",
"experiment",
"was",
"designed",
"in",
"a",
"2",
"×",
"2",
"×",
"2",
"factorial",
"arrangement",
"of",
"treatments",
"with",
"or",
"without:",
"fishmeal",
"feeding,",
"Eimeria",
"inoculation",
"and",
"C.",
"perfringens",
"challenge.",
"The",
"results",
"showed",
"that",
"these",
"factors",
"significantly",
"influenced",
"composition",
"and",
"concentration",
"of",
"VFAs",
"and",
"lactic",
"acids,",
"pH",
"and",
"histomorphometry",
"in",
"one",
"way",
"or",
"another.",
"These",
"changes",
"may",
"be",
"important",
"for",
"the",
"onset",
"of",
"NE",
"or",
"only",
"the",
"synergetic",
"responses",
"to",
"micro",
"environmental",
"stress.",
"Eimeria",
"appeared",
"to",
"be",
"more",
"important",
"than",
"fishmeal",
"in",
"predisposing",
"birds",
"to",
"NE,",
"thus",
"the",
"application",
"of",
"Eimeria",
"in",
"NE",
"challenge",
"provides",
"more",
"consistent",
"success",
"in",
"inducing",
"the",
"disease.",
"The",
"metabolic",
"responses",
"to",
"various",
"adverse",
"factors",
"such",
"as",
"excessive",
"dietary",
"fishmeal",
"and",
"Eimeria",
"infection",
"are",
"complex.",
"Thus,",
"intensive",
"efforts",
"are",
"required",
"to",
"better",
"understand",
"NE",
"so",
"as",
"to",
"achieve",
"the",
"control",
"of",
"the",
"disease",
"in",
"the",
"absence",
"of",
"antibiotics."
] | [
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[
"Ehlers-Danlos",
"syndrome",
"The",
"Ehlers-Danlos",
"syndromes",
"(EDSs)",
"were",
"originally",
"described",
"by",
"Ehlers",
"in",
"Denmark",
"and",
"Danlos",
"in",
"Paris",
"in",
"1898",
"and",
"1908,",
"respectively.",
"They",
"had",
"both",
"published",
"individual",
"case",
"studies",
"in",
"which",
"the",
"common",
"factor",
"was",
"laxity",
"of",
"ligaments",
"leading",
"to",
"joint",
"hypermobility",
"and",
"hyperextensibility",
"of",
"the",
"skin.",
"The",
"choice",
"of",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"this",
"eponymous",
"disease",
"had",
"been",
"made",
"by",
"Dr",
"Parkes",
"Weber,",
"an",
"eminent",
"London",
"physician",
"in",
"the",
"1930s,",
"who",
"had",
"a",
"penchant",
"for",
"eponymous",
"diseases,",
"having",
"had",
"no",
"less",
"than",
"seven",
"attributed",
"to",
"himself,",
"at",
"least",
"in",
"part.",
"Unfortunately,",
"this",
"was",
"before",
"the",
"age",
"of",
"a",
"computerised",
"literature",
"search,",
"and",
"Parkes",
"Weber",
"had",
"inadvertently",
"overlooked",
"the",
"very",
"first",
"description",
"of",
"EDS",
"which",
"had",
"been",
"made",
"by",
"Tchernabogov,",
"a",
"Russian",
"dermatologist,",
"whose",
"description",
"was",
"published",
"in",
"1891",
"and",
"remains",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"best",
"descriptions",
"of",
"EDS",
"in",
"the",
"literature."
] | [
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[
"Assessment",
"of",
"laparoscopic",
"stomach",
"preserving",
"surgery",
"with",
"sentinel",
"basin",
"dissection",
"versus",
"standard",
"gastrectomy",
"with",
"lymphadenectomy",
"in",
"early",
"gastric",
"cancer",
"-A",
"multicenter",
"randomized",
"phase",
"III",
"clinical",
"trial",
"(SENORITA",
"trial)",
"protocol",
"Along",
"with",
"the",
"marked",
"increase",
"in",
"early",
"gastric",
"cancer",
"(EGC)",
"in",
"the",
"Eastern",
"countries,",
"there",
"has",
"been",
"an",
"effort",
"to",
"adopt",
"the",
"sentinel",
"node",
"concept",
"in",
"EGC",
"to",
"preserve",
"gastric",
"function",
"and",
"reduce",
"the",
"occurrence",
"of",
"postoperative",
"complications.",
"Based",
"on",
"promising",
"results",
"from",
"a",
"previous",
"quality",
"control",
"study,",
"this",
"prospective",
"multicenter",
"randomized",
"controlled",
"phase",
"III",
"clinical",
"trial",
"aims",
"to",
"elucidate",
"the",
"oncologic",
"safety",
"of",
"laparoscopic",
"stomach-preserving",
"surgery",
"with",
"sentinel",
"basin",
"dissection",
"(SBD)",
"compared",
"to",
"a",
"standard",
"laparoscopic",
"gastrectomy.",
"This",
"trial",
"is",
"an",
"investigator-initiated,",
"open-label,",
"multicenter",
"randomized",
"controlled",
"phase",
"III",
"trial",
"with",
"a",
"non-inferiority",
"design.",
"Patients",
"diagnosed",
"with",
"a",
"single",
"lesion",
"of",
"clinical",
"stage",
"T1N0M0",
"gastric",
"adenocarcinoma,",
"with",
"a",
"diameter",
"of",
"3",
"cm",
"or",
"less",
"are",
"eligible",
"for",
"the",
"present",
"study.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"580",
"patients",
"(290",
"per",
"group)",
"will",
"be",
"randomized",
"to",
"either",
"laparoscopic",
"stomach-preserving",
"surgery",
"with",
"SBD",
"or",
"standard",
"surgery.",
"The",
"primary",
"end-point",
"is",
"3-year",
"disease-free",
"survival",
"(DFS)",
"and",
"the",
"secondary",
"endpoints",
"include",
"postoperative",
"morbidity",
"and",
"mortality,",
"quality",
"of",
"life,",
"5-year",
"DFS,",
"and",
"overall",
"survival.",
"Qualified",
"investigators",
"who",
"completed",
"the",
"prior",
"quality",
"control",
"study",
"are",
"exclusively",
"allowed",
"to",
"participate",
"in",
"this",
"phase",
"III",
"clinical",
"trial.",
"The",
"proposed",
"trial",
"is",
"expected",
"to",
"verify",
"whether",
"laparoscopic",
"stomach-preserving",
"surgery",
"with",
"SBD",
"achieves",
"similar",
"oncologic",
"outcomes",
"and",
"improved",
"quality",
"of",
"life",
"compared",
"to",
"a",
"standard",
"gastrectomy",
"in",
"EGC",
"patients.",
"This",
"study",
"was",
"registered",
"at",
"the",
"NIH",
"ClinicalTrial.gov",
"database",
"(NCT01804998)",
"on",
"March",
"4th,",
"2013."
] | [
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[
"Association",
"of",
"Metabolites",
"with",
"Obesity",
"and",
"Type",
"2",
"Diabetes",
"Based",
"on",
"FTO",
"Genotype",
"The",
"single",
"nucleotide",
"polymorphism",
"rs9939609",
"of",
"the",
"gene",
"FTO,",
"which",
"encodes",
"fat",
"mass",
"and",
"obesity",
"-associated",
"protein,",
"is",
"strongly",
"associated",
"with",
"obesity",
"and",
"type",
"2",
"diabetes",
"(T2D)",
"in",
"multiple",
"populations;",
"however,",
"the",
"underlying",
"mechanism",
"of",
"this",
"association",
"is",
"unclear.",
"The",
"present",
"study",
"aimed",
"to",
"investigate",
"FTO",
"genotype",
"-dependent",
"metabolic",
"changes",
"in",
"obesity",
"and",
"T2D.",
"To",
"elucidate",
"metabolic",
"dysregulation",
"associated",
"with",
"disease",
"risk",
"genotype,",
"genomic",
"and",
"metabolomic",
"datasets",
"were",
"recruited",
"from",
"2,577",
"participants",
"of",
"the",
"Korean",
"Association",
"REsource",
"(KARE)",
"cohort,",
"including",
"40",
"homozygous",
"carriers",
"of",
"the",
"FTO",
"risk",
"allele",
"(AA),",
"570",
"heterozygous",
"carriers",
"(AT),",
"and",
"1,967",
"participants",
"carrying",
"no",
"risk",
"allele",
"(TT).",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"134",
"serum",
"metabolites",
"were",
"quantified",
"using",
"a",
"targeted",
"metabolomics",
"approach.",
"Through",
"comparison",
"of",
"various",
"statistical",
"methods,",
"seven",
"metabolites",
"were",
"identified",
"that",
"are",
"significantly",
"altered",
"in",
"obesity",
"and",
"T2D",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"FTO",
"risk",
"allele",
"(adjusted",
"p",
"<",
"0.05).",
"These",
"identified",
"metabolites",
"are",
"relevant",
"to",
"phosphatidylcholine",
"metabolic",
"pathway,",
"and",
"previously",
"reported",
"to",
"be",
"metabolic",
"markers",
"of",
"obesity",
"and",
"T2D.",
"In",
"conclusion,",
"using",
"metabolomics",
"with",
"the",
"information",
"from",
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"revealed",
"significantly",
"altered",
"metabolites",
"depending",
"on",
"the",
"FTO",
"genotype",
"in",
"complex",
"disorders.",
"This",
"study",
"may",
"contribute",
"to",
"a",
"better",
"understanding",
"of",
"the",
"biological",
"mechanisms",
"linking",
"obesity",
"and",
"T2D."
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[
"Anthology",
"of",
"Venezuelan",
"psychiatry",
"Reception",
"of",
"Psychiatry",
"in",
"Venezuela",
"since",
"the",
"19th",
"Century",
"to",
"the",
"late",
"20th",
"Century",
"merits",
"a",
"historical",
"approach.",
"The",
"following",
"work",
"proposes",
"to",
"research",
"some",
"of",
"the",
"very",
"origins",
"of",
"Venezuelan",
"psychiatry",
"and",
"its",
"possible",
"influence",
"on",
"contemporary",
"mental",
"health",
"practice.",
"Through",
"documental",
"research,",
"the",
"early",
"works",
"of",
"local",
"authors",
"from",
"the",
"19th",
"Century",
"through",
"20th",
"Century",
"finals:",
"Carlos",
"Arvelo,",
"Lisandro",
"Alvarado,",
"Francisco",
"Herrera",
"Luque,",
"Jose",
"Luis",
"Vethencourt",
"and",
"Jose",
"Solanes,",
"are",
"subjected",
"to",
"study.",
"This",
"journey",
"illustrates",
"a",
"descriptive",
"panoramic",
"view",
"which",
"allows",
"to",
"better",
"comprenhend",
"the",
"current",
"state",
"of",
"our",
"psychiatry.",
"In",
"a",
"brief",
"introduction",
"the",
"most",
"important",
"events",
"are",
"described,",
"since",
"the",
"arrival",
"of",
"Pinel's",
"ideas,",
"followed",
"by",
"the",
"early",
"research",
"paperworks",
"published",
"and",
"the",
"beginnings",
"of",
"the",
"academic",
"teachings",
"of",
"this",
"specialty",
"in",
"Venezuela",
"and",
"displaying",
"the",
"main",
"contemporary",
"research",
"groups",
"thorough",
"the",
"country."
] | [
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[
"How",
"variation",
"between",
"individuals",
"affects",
"species",
"coexistence",
"Although",
"the",
"effects",
"of",
"variation",
"between",
"individuals",
"within",
"species",
"are",
"traditionally",
"ignored",
"in",
"studies",
"of",
"species",
"coexistence,",
"the",
"magnitude",
"of",
"intraspecific",
"variation",
"in",
"nature",
"is",
"forcing",
"ecologists",
"to",
"reconsider.",
"Compelling",
"intuitive",
"arguments",
"suggest",
"that",
"individual",
"variation",
"may",
"provide",
"a",
"previously",
"unrecognised",
"route",
"to",
"diversity",
"maintenance",
"by",
"blurring",
"species",
"-",
"level",
"competitive",
"differences",
"or",
"substituting",
"for",
"species",
"-",
"level",
"niche",
"differences.",
"These",
"arguments,",
"which",
"are",
"motivating",
"a",
"large",
"body",
"of",
"empirical",
"work,",
"have",
"rarely",
"been",
"evaluated",
"with",
"quantitative",
"theory.",
"Here",
"we",
"incorporate",
"intraspecific",
"variation",
"into",
"a",
"common",
"model",
"of",
"competition",
"and",
"identify",
"three",
"pathways",
"by",
"which",
"this",
"variation",
"affects",
"coexistence:",
"(1)",
"changes",
"in",
"competitive",
"dynamics",
"because",
"of",
"nonlinear",
"averaging,",
"(2)",
"changes",
"in",
"species",
"'",
"mean",
"interaction",
"strengths",
"because",
"of",
"variation",
"in",
"underlying",
"traits",
"(also",
"via",
"nonlinear",
"averaging)",
"and",
"(3)",
"effects",
"on",
"stochastic",
"demography.",
"As",
"a",
"consequence",
"of",
"the",
"first",
"two",
"mechanisms,",
"we",
"find",
"that",
"intraspecific",
"variation",
"in",
"competitive",
"ability",
"increases",
"the",
"dominance",
"of",
"superior",
"competitors,",
"and",
"intraspecific",
"niche",
"variation",
"reduces",
"species",
"-",
"level",
"niche",
"differentiation,",
"both",
"of",
"which",
"make",
"coexistence",
"more",
"difficult.",
"In",
"addition,",
"individual",
"variation",
"can",
"exacerbate",
"the",
"effects",
"of",
"demographic",
"stochasticity,",
"and",
"this",
"further",
"destabilises",
"coexistence.",
"Our",
"work",
"provides",
"a",
"theoretical",
"foundation",
"for",
"emerging",
"empirical",
"interests",
"in",
"the",
"effects",
"of",
"intraspecific",
"variation",
"on",
"species",
"diversity."
] | [
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[
"Intracellular",
"Metabolism",
"of",
"α,β-Unsaturated",
"Carbonyl",
"Compounds,",
"Acrolein,",
"Crotonaldehyde",
"and",
"Methyl",
"Vinyl",
"Ketone,",
"Active",
"Toxicants",
"in",
"Cigarette",
"Smoke:",
"Participation",
"of",
"Glutathione",
"Conjugation",
"Ability",
"and",
"Aldehyde-Ketone",
"Sensitive",
"Reductase",
"Activity",
"The",
"major",
"toxicants",
"in",
"cigarette",
"smoke,",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"aldehydes,",
"such",
"as",
"acrolein",
"(ACR)",
"and",
"crotonaldehyde",
"(CA),",
"and",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"ketone,",
"methyl",
"vinyl",
"ketone",
"(MVK),",
"are",
"known",
"to",
"form",
"Michael-type",
"adducts",
"with",
"glutathione",
"(GSH)",
"and",
"consequently",
"cause",
"intracellular",
"GSH",
"depletion,",
"which",
"is",
"involved",
"in",
"cigarette",
"smoke",
"-",
"induced",
"cytotoxicity.",
"We",
"have",
"previously",
"clarified",
"that",
"exposure",
"to",
"cigarette",
"smoke",
"extract",
"(CSE)",
"of",
"a",
"mouse",
"melanoma",
"cell",
"culture",
"medium",
"causes",
"rapid",
"reduction",
"of",
"intracellular",
"GSH",
"levels,",
"and",
"that",
"the",
"GSH",
"-",
"MVK",
"adduct",
"can",
"be",
"detected",
"by",
"LC/MS",
"analysis",
"while",
"the",
"GSH",
"-",
"CA",
"adduct",
"is",
"hardly",
"detected.",
"In",
"the",
"present",
"study,",
"to",
"clarify",
"why",
"the",
"GSH",
"-",
"CA",
"adduct",
"is",
"difficult",
"to",
"detect",
"in",
"the",
"cell",
"medium,",
"we",
"conducted",
"detailed",
"investigation",
"of",
"the",
"structures",
"of",
"the",
"reaction",
"products",
"of",
"ACR,",
"CA,",
"MVK",
"and",
"CSE",
"in",
"the",
"GSH",
"solution",
"or",
"the",
"cell",
"culture",
"medium.",
"The",
"mass",
"spectra",
"indicated",
"that",
"in",
"the",
"presence",
"of",
"the",
"cells,",
"the",
"GSH",
"-",
"CA",
"and",
"GSH",
"-",
"ACR",
"adducts",
"were",
"almost",
"not",
"detected",
"while",
"their",
"corresponding",
"alcohols",
"were",
"detected.",
"On",
"the",
"other",
"hand,",
"both",
"the",
"GSH",
"-",
"MVK",
"adducts",
"and",
"their",
"reduced",
"products",
"were",
"detected.",
"In",
"the",
"absence",
"of",
"the",
"cells,",
"the",
"reaction",
"of",
"GSH",
"with",
"all",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"carbonyls",
"produced",
"only",
"their",
"corresponding",
"adducts.",
"These",
"results",
"show",
"that",
"the",
"GSH",
"adducts",
"of",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"aldehydes,",
"CA",
"and",
"ACR,",
"are",
"quickly",
"reduced",
"by",
"certain",
"intracellular",
"carbonyl",
"reductase(s)",
"and",
"excreted",
"from",
"the",
"cells,",
"unlike",
"the",
"GSH",
"adduct",
"of",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"ketone,",
"MVK.",
"Such",
"a",
"difference",
"in",
"reactivity",
"to",
"the",
"carbonyl",
"reductase",
"might",
"be",
"related",
"to",
"differences",
"in",
"the",
"cytotoxicity",
"of",
"α,β-unsaturated",
"aldehydes",
"and",
"ketones."
] | [
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0,
1,
1,
2,
0,
0,
0,
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0,
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1,
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1,
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[
"Strategies",
"for",
"Assaying",
"Lysosomal",
"Membrane",
"Permeabilization",
"Late",
"endosomal",
"organelles",
"have",
"an",
"acidic",
"pH",
"and",
"contain",
"hydrolytic",
"enzymes",
"to",
"degrade",
"cargo",
"delivered",
"either",
"from",
"the",
"extracellular",
"environment",
"by",
"endocytosis",
"or",
"from",
"within",
"the",
"cell",
"itself",
"by",
"autophagy.",
"In",
"the",
"event",
"of",
"lysosomal",
"membrane",
"permeabilization",
"(LMP),",
"the",
"contents",
"of",
"late",
"endosomes",
"and",
"lysosomes",
"can",
"be",
"released",
"into",
"the",
"cytosol",
"and",
"then",
"initiate",
"apoptosis.",
"Compounds",
"that",
"can",
"trigger",
"LMP",
"are",
"therefore",
"candidates",
"for",
"the",
"induction",
"of",
"apoptosis,",
"in",
"particular",
"in",
"anticancer",
"therapy.",
"Alternatively,",
"drug-delivery",
"systems,",
"such",
"as",
"nanoparticles,",
"can",
"have",
"side",
"effects",
"that",
"can",
"include",
"LMP,",
"which",
"has",
"toxic",
"consequences",
"for",
"the",
"cells.",
"To",
"determine",
"when,",
"to",
"what",
"extent,",
"and",
"with",
"what",
"consequences",
"LMP",
"occurs",
"is",
"therefore",
"of",
"paramount",
"importance",
"for",
"the",
"evaluation",
"of",
"new",
"potentially",
"LMP",
"-",
"inducing",
"compounds.",
"In",
"this",
"introduction,",
"we",
"provide",
"an",
"overview",
"of",
"some",
"basic",
"assays",
"for",
"assessing",
"LMP,",
"such",
"as",
"staining",
"with",
"lysosomotropic",
"dyes",
"and",
"measurement",
"of",
"cysteine",
"cathepsin",
"activity,",
"and",
"discuss",
"additional",
"strategies",
"for",
"the",
"detection",
"of",
"the",
"release",
"of",
"endogenous",
"lysosomal",
"molecules",
"or",
"preloaded",
"exogenous",
"tracers",
"into",
"the",
"cytosol."
] | [
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[
"Stimulation",
"of",
"cell",
"proliferation",
"by",
"glutathione",
"monoethyl",
"ester",
"in",
"aged",
"bone",
"marrow",
"stromal",
"cells",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"assistance",
"of",
"TERT",
"gene",
"expression",
"and",
"telomerase",
"activity",
"The",
"proliferation",
"and",
"differentiation",
"potential",
"of",
"aged",
"bone",
"marrow",
"stromal",
"cells",
"(BMSCs)",
"are",
"significantly",
"reduced.",
"In",
"order",
"to",
"improve",
"the",
"performance",
"of",
"the",
"aged",
"BMSCs,",
"these",
"cells",
"were",
"treated",
"with",
"2",
"mM",
"glutathione",
"monoethyl",
"ester",
"(GSH-MEE)",
"for",
"24",
"h.",
"Proliferation",
"rate,",
"telomerase",
"activity,",
"telomere",
"length,",
"and",
"differentiation",
"to",
"cholinergic",
"neuron-like",
"cells",
"(CNLCs)",
"were",
"observed",
"to",
"increase.",
"Though,",
"the",
"expression",
"level",
"of",
"telomerase",
"reverse",
"transcriptase",
"gene",
"increased,",
"but",
"CTC1",
"and",
"TEN1",
"genes",
"from",
"Ctc1-Stn1-Ten1",
"complex",
"encoding",
"proteins",
"with",
"regulatory",
"function",
"significantly",
"decreased.",
"Trypan",
"blue",
"exclusion",
"assay",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"analyze",
"the",
"proliferation",
"and,",
"while",
"telomere",
"length,",
"its",
"several",
"related",
"gene",
"expressions,",
"and",
"telomerase",
"activity",
"were",
"measured",
"using",
"the",
"real",
"time",
"reverse",
"transcription-polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"and",
"polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunosorbent",
"assay",
"techniques,",
"respectively.",
"CNLCs",
"differentiation",
"potential",
"was",
"evaluated",
"by",
"estimating",
"the",
"percentage",
"of",
"choline",
"acetyltransferase",
"immunereactive",
"cells",
".The",
"results",
"suggested",
"that",
"GSH-MEE",
"could",
"improve",
"aged",
"rat",
"BMSC",
"properties",
"and",
"would",
"be",
"of",
"potential",
"benefit",
"for",
"enhancing",
"the",
"performance",
"of",
"aged",
"people's",
"BMSCs."
] | [
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[
"Wild",
"food",
"plants",
"and",
"fungi",
"used",
"in",
"the",
"mycophilous",
"Tibetan",
"community",
"of",
"Zhagana",
"(Tewo",
"County,",
"Gansu,",
"China)",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"the",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"investigate",
"knowledge",
"and",
"use",
"of",
"wild",
"food",
"plants",
"and",
"fungi",
"in",
"a",
"highland",
"valley",
"in",
"the",
"Gannan",
"Tibetan",
"Autonomous",
"Region",
"on",
"the",
"north-eastern",
"edges",
"of",
"the",
"Tibetan",
"Plateau.",
"Field",
"research",
"was",
"carried",
"out",
"in",
"four",
"neighbouring",
"villages",
"in",
"a",
"mountain",
"valley",
"of",
"the",
"Diebu",
"(Tewo)",
"county,",
"surrounded",
"by",
"spruce",
"forests.",
"The",
"study",
"consisted",
"of",
"30",
"interviews",
"with",
"single",
"informants,",
"or",
"group",
"interviews",
"(altogether",
"63",
"informants).",
"Apart",
"from",
"collecting",
"voucher",
"specimens,",
"we",
"also",
"identified",
"fungi",
"using",
"DNA",
"barcoding.",
"We",
"recorded",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"54",
"species",
"of",
"vascular",
"plants.",
"We",
"also",
"recorded",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"22",
"mushroom",
"taxa,",
"which",
"made",
"up",
"the",
"largest",
"category",
"of",
"wild",
"foods.",
"Fruits",
"formed",
"the",
"largest",
"category",
"of",
"food",
"plants,",
"with",
"21",
"species,",
"larger",
"than",
"the",
"wild",
"greens",
"category,",
"which",
"consisted",
"of",
"20",
"species",
"eaten",
"after",
"boiling",
"or",
"frying",
"and",
"7",
"as",
"raw",
"snacks.",
"We",
"also",
"recorded",
"the",
"alimentary",
"use",
"of",
"10",
"species",
"of",
"edible",
"flowers",
"and",
"3",
"species",
"with",
"underground",
"edible",
"organs.",
"On",
"average,",
"20.8",
"edible",
"taxa",
"were",
"listed",
"per",
"interview",
"(median",
"-",
"21).",
"The",
"most",
"listed",
"category",
"of",
"wild",
"foods",
"was",
"green",
"vegetables",
"(mean",
"-",
"7.5",
"species,",
"median",
"-",
"8",
"species),",
"but",
"fruits",
"and",
"mushrooms",
"were",
"listed",
"nearly",
"as",
"frequently",
"(mean",
"-",
"6.3,",
"median",
"-",
"6",
"and",
"mean",
"-",
"5.8,",
"-",
"median",
"6",
"respectively).",
"Other",
"category",
"lists",
"were",
"very",
"short,",
"e.g.,",
"flowers",
"(mean",
"-",
"1.3,",
"median",
"-",
"1)",
"and",
"underground",
"edible",
"parts",
"(mean",
"-",
"0.7,",
"median",
"-",
"1).",
"Wild",
"vegetables",
"are",
"usually",
"boiled",
"and/or",
"fried",
"and",
"served",
"as",
"side-dishes,",
"or",
"their",
"green",
"parts",
"are",
"eaten",
"as",
"snacks",
"during",
"mountain",
"treks",
"(e.g.,",
"peeled",
"rhubarb",
"shoots).",
"Wild",
"fruits",
"are",
"mainly",
"collected",
"by",
"children",
"and",
"eaten",
"raw,",
"they",
"are",
"not",
"stored",
"for",
"further",
"use.",
"The",
"most",
"widely",
"used",
"wild",
"staple",
"foods",
"are",
"Potetilla",
"anserina",
"roots,",
"an",
"important",
"ceremonial",
"food",
"served",
"on",
"such",
"occasions",
"as",
"New",
"Year",
"or",
"at",
"funerals.",
"They",
"are",
"boiled",
"and",
"served",
"with",
"sugar",
"and",
"butter.",
"The",
"most",
"important",
"famine",
"plants",
"remembered",
"by",
"people",
"are",
"the",
"aerial",
"bulbils",
"of",
"Persicaria",
"vivipara.",
"Flowers",
"are",
"used",
"as",
"children's",
"snacks",
"-",
"their",
"nectar",
"is",
"sucked.",
"The",
"number",
"of",
"wild",
"taxa",
"eaten",
"in",
"the",
"studied",
"valley",
"is",
"similar",
"to",
"that",
"of",
"other",
"Tibetan",
"areas.",
"The",
"structure",
"of",
"wild",
"food",
"plant",
"taxa",
"is",
"also",
"very",
"typical",
"for",
"Tibetan",
"speaking",
"areas",
"(e.g.,",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"rhubarb",
"shoots,",
"Potentilla",
"anserina,",
"Persicaria",
"vivipara).",
"The",
"studied",
"community",
"show",
"a",
"high",
"level",
"of",
"mycophilia."
] | [
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] |
[
"Comparison",
"of",
"Head",
"Elevation",
"Protocols",
"Following",
"Femoral",
"Artery",
"Sheath",
"Removal",
"After",
"Coronary",
"Angiography",
"To",
"compare",
"2",
"standard",
"protocols",
"for",
"head",
"elevation",
"following",
"removal",
"of",
"a",
"femoral",
"artery",
"sheath",
"after",
"coronary",
"angiography",
"and",
"their",
"effects",
"on",
"bleeding",
"complications",
"and",
"reported",
"levels",
"of",
"back",
"pain.",
"One",
"protocol",
"involved",
"flat",
"supine",
"bed",
"rest;",
"the",
"other",
"allowed",
"progressive",
"head",
"elevation.",
"A",
"prospective",
"comparative",
"study",
"of",
"80",
"adult",
"patients",
"undergoing",
"coronary",
"angiography",
"via",
"the",
"femoral",
"approach.",
"The",
"Numeric",
"Rating",
"Scale",
"was",
"used",
"as",
"the",
"measure",
"of",
"reported",
"pain.",
"No",
"bleeding",
"complications",
"occurred",
"in",
"either",
"group.",
"Both",
"groups",
"had",
"very",
"low",
"mean",
"pain",
"scores.",
"Repeated-",
"measures",
"analysis",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"the",
"experience",
"of",
"pain",
"differed",
"significantly",
"over",
"time",
"by",
"location",
"(F5,70",
"=",
"3.864,",
"P",
"=",
".004),",
"with",
"a",
"notable",
"decrease",
"in",
"pain",
"scores",
"more",
"than",
"1",
"hour",
"after",
"sheath",
"removal",
"at",
"the",
"location",
"that",
"used",
"the",
"progressive",
"head",
"elevation",
"protocol.",
"Patients",
"'",
"satisfaction",
"scores",
"after",
"discharge",
"did",
"not",
"differ",
"significantly",
"between",
"the",
"2",
"groups.",
"Patients",
"with",
"a",
"history",
"of",
"chronic",
"back",
"pain",
"had",
"consistently",
"higher",
"pain",
"scores,",
"but",
"those",
"pain",
"scores",
"did",
"not",
"differ",
"significantly",
"by",
"location",
"(or",
"protocol).",
"It",
"appears",
"that",
"using",
"a",
"progressive",
"head",
"-",
"elevation",
"protocol",
"within",
"the",
"first",
"3",
"hours",
"after",
"diagnostic",
"angiography",
"is",
"not",
"associated",
"with",
"an",
"increased",
"risk",
"of",
"bleeding",
"complications",
"at",
"the",
"access",
"site",
"and",
"warrants",
"further",
"exploration",
"in",
"the",
"mitigation",
"of",
"back",
"pain",
"associated",
"with",
"prolonged",
"supine",
"bed",
"rest."
] | [
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1,
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1,
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1,
2,
0,
0,
1,
1,
1,
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] |
[
"Heterogeneous",
"Mechanisms",
"of",
"Primary",
"and",
"Acquired",
"Resistance",
"to",
"Third-Generation",
"EGFR",
"Inhibitors",
"To",
"identify",
"novel",
"mechanisms",
"of",
"resistance",
"to",
"third-generation",
"EGFR",
"inhibitors",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"lung",
"adenocarcinoma",
"that",
"progressed",
"under",
"therapy",
"with",
"either",
"AZD9291",
"or",
"rociletinib",
"(CO-1686).",
"We",
"analyzed",
"tumor",
"biopsies",
"from",
"seven",
"patients",
"obtained",
"before,",
"during,",
"and/or",
"after",
"treatment",
"with",
"AZD9291",
"or",
"rociletinib",
"(CO-1686).",
"Targeted",
"sequencing",
"and",
"FISH",
"analyses",
"were",
"performed,",
"and",
"the",
"relevance",
"of",
"candidate",
"genes",
"was",
"functionally",
"assessed",
"in",
"in",
"vitro",
"models.",
"We",
"found",
"recurrent",
"amplification",
"of",
"either",
"MET",
"or",
"ERBB2",
"in",
"tumors",
"that",
"were",
"resistant",
"or",
"developed",
"resistance",
"to",
"third-generation",
"EGFR",
"inhibitors",
"and",
"show",
"that",
"ERBB2",
"and",
"MET",
"activation",
"can",
"confer",
"resistance",
"to",
"these",
"compounds.",
"Furthermore,",
"we",
"identified",
"a",
"KRAS(G12S)",
"mutation",
"in",
"a",
"patient",
"with",
"acquired",
"resistance",
"to",
"AZD9291",
"as",
"a",
"potential",
"driver",
"of",
"acquired",
"resistance.",
"Finally,",
"we",
"show",
"that",
"dual",
"inhibition",
"of",
"EGFR",
"/MEK",
"might",
"be",
"a",
"viable",
"strategy",
"to",
"overcome",
"resistance",
"in",
"EGFR-mutant",
"cells",
"expressing",
"mutant",
"KRAS",
"CONCLUSIONS:",
"Our",
"data",
"suggest",
"that",
"heterogeneous",
"mechanisms",
"of",
"resistance",
"can",
"drive",
"primary",
"and",
"acquired",
"resistance",
"to",
"third-generation",
"EGFR",
"inhibitors",
"and",
"provide",
"a",
"rationale",
"for",
"potential",
"combination",
"strategies.",
"Clin",
"Cancer",
"Res;",
"1-11.",
"©2016",
"AACR."
] | [
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[
"Nax",
"signaling",
"evoked",
"by",
"an",
"increase",
"in",
"[Na+]",
"in",
"CSF",
"induces",
"water",
"intake",
"via",
"EET",
"-mediated",
"TRPV4",
"activation",
"Water-intake",
"behavior",
"is",
"under",
"the",
"control",
"of",
"brain",
"systems",
"that",
"sense",
"body-fluid",
"conditions",
"at",
"sensory",
"circumventricular",
"organs",
"(sCVOs);",
"however,",
"the",
"underlying",
"mechanisms",
"have",
"not",
"yet",
"been",
"elucidated",
"in",
"detail.",
"Nax",
"is",
"a",
"sodium",
"(Na(+))",
"level",
"sensor",
"in",
"the",
"brain,",
"and",
"the",
"transient",
"receptor",
"potential",
"vanilloid",
"(TRPV)",
"channels,",
"TRPV1",
"and",
"TRPV4,",
"have",
"been",
"proposed",
"to",
"function",
"as",
"osmosensors.",
"We",
"herein",
"investigated",
"voluntary",
"water",
"intake",
"immediately",
"induced",
"after",
"an",
"intracerebroventricular",
"(icv)",
"administration",
"of",
"a",
"hypertonic",
"NaCl",
"solution",
"in",
"TRPV1-,",
"TRPV4-,",
"Nax-,",
"and",
"their",
"double-gene",
"knockout",
"(KO)",
"mice.",
"The",
"induction",
"of",
"water",
"intake",
"by",
"TRPV1",
"-",
"KO",
"mice",
"was",
"normal,",
"whereas",
"that",
"by",
"TRPV4",
"-",
"KO",
"and",
"Nax",
"-",
"KO",
"mice",
"was",
"significantly",
"less",
"than",
"that",
"by",
"WT",
"mice.",
"Water",
"intake",
"by",
"Nax",
"/",
"TRPV4",
"-",
"double",
"KO",
"mice",
"was",
"similar",
"to",
"that",
"by",
"the",
"respective",
"single",
"KO",
"mice.",
"When",
"TRPV4",
"activity",
"was",
"blocked",
"with",
"a",
"specific",
"antagonist",
"HC-067047,",
"water",
"intake",
"by",
"WT",
"mice",
"was",
"significantly",
"reduced,",
"whereas",
"that",
"by",
"TRPV4",
"-",
"KO",
"and",
"Nax",
"-",
"KO",
"mice",
"was",
"not.",
"Similar",
"results",
"were",
"obtained",
"with",
"the",
"administration",
"of",
"miconazole,",
"which",
"inhibits",
"the",
"biosynthesis",
"of",
"epoxyeicosatrienoic",
"acids",
"(EETs),",
"endogenous",
"agonists",
"for",
"TRPV4,",
"from",
"arachidonic",
"acid",
"(AA).",
"Icv",
"injection",
"of",
"hypertonic",
"NaCl",
"with",
"AA",
"or",
"5,6-EET",
"restored",
"water",
"intake",
"by",
"Nax",
"-",
"KO",
"mice",
"to",
"the",
"WT",
"level,",
"but",
"not",
"that",
"by",
"TRPV4",
"-",
"KO",
"mice.",
"These",
"results",
"suggest",
"that",
"the",
"Na(+)",
"signal",
"generated",
"in",
"Nax",
"-",
"positive",
"glial",
"cells",
"leads",
"to",
"the",
"activation",
"of",
"TRPV4",
"-",
"positive",
"neurons",
"in",
"sCVOs",
"in",
"order",
"to",
"stimulate",
"water",
"intake",
"by",
"using",
"EETs",
"as",
"gliotransmitters."
] | [
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1,
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[
"An",
"Accessible",
"and",
"Pragmatic",
"Experimental",
"Model",
"of",
"Nonalcoholic",
"Fatty",
"Liver",
"Disease",
"BACKGROUND",
"There",
"is",
"no",
"convenient",
"cheap",
"pragmatic",
"experimental",
"model",
"for",
"Nonalcoholic",
"Fatty",
"Liver",
"Disease",
"(NAFLD)/",
"Nonalcoholic",
"Steatohepatitis",
"(NASH).",
"Our",
"objective",
"was",
"to",
"create",
"a",
"pragmatic",
"model",
"of",
"NAFLD",
"/",
"NASH.",
"METHODS",
"Sprague-Dawley",
"rats",
"were",
"fed",
"a",
"high-fat,",
"high",
"sugar",
"homemade",
"diet",
"ad",
"libitum",
"for",
"seven",
"weeks.",
"The",
"high-fat,",
"high",
"sugar",
"diet",
"included",
"59%",
"of",
"energy",
"derived",
"from",
"fat,",
"30%",
"from",
"carbohydrates,",
"and",
"11%",
"from",
"protein.",
"Serum",
"levels",
"of",
"fasting",
"glucose,",
"triglyceride,",
"cholesterol,",
"liver",
"enzymes,",
"insulin,",
"and",
"hepatic",
"tumor",
"necrosis",
"factor-alpha",
"(TNF-α)",
"gene",
"expression",
"were",
"determined.",
"Hepatic",
"histology",
"was",
"examined",
"by",
"H&E",
"stain.",
"RESULTS",
"Rats",
"fed",
"the",
"high-fat,",
"high",
"sugar",
"diet",
"developed",
"hepatic",
"steatosis,",
"and",
"a",
"moderate",
"inflammation,",
"which",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"increased",
"serum",
"levels",
"of",
"liver",
"enzymes,",
"glucose,",
"insulin,",
"triglyceride,",
"cholesterol,",
"and",
"hepatic",
"TNF-α",
"gene",
"expression.",
"CONCLUSION",
"This",
"rat",
"model",
"resembles",
"the",
"key",
"features",
"of",
"human",
"NAFLD",
"/",
"NASH",
"and",
"provides",
"a",
"simple",
"pragmatic",
"experimental",
"model",
"for",
"elucidating",
"the",
"disease",
"prevention",
"and",
"treatment."
] | [
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[
"Comparison",
"of",
"the",
"Effects",
"of",
"Subcutaneous",
"Versus",
"Continuous",
"Infusion",
"of",
"Heparin",
"on",
"Key",
"Inflammatory",
"Parameters",
"Following",
"Sepsis",
"Sepsis",
"is",
"the",
"result",
"of",
"the",
"interaction",
"between",
"inflammatory",
"mediators",
"and",
"coagulation",
"pathway.",
"Unfractionated",
"heparin",
"may",
"play",
"a",
"role",
"as",
"an",
"anti-inflammatory",
"agent",
"beyond",
"its",
"anticoagulatory",
"effect",
"in",
"sepsis.",
"As",
"a",
"result,",
"it",
"may",
"cause",
"reduction",
"in",
"organ",
"failure",
"rate",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"sepsis",
"due",
"to",
"its",
"impact",
"on",
"both",
"inflammatory",
"and",
"coagulation",
"process.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"this",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"evaluate",
"the",
"anti-inflammatory",
"effects",
"of",
"heparin",
"in",
"sepsis.",
"Plasma",
"plasminogen",
"activator",
"inhibitor-1",
"(PAI-1)",
"as",
"an",
"inflammatory",
"mediator",
"and",
"urinary",
"necoutrophil",
"gelatinase-associated",
"lipocalin",
"(NGAL)",
"as",
"a",
"marker",
"of",
"kidney",
"injury",
"were",
"investigated.",
"This",
"prospective,",
"randomized",
"controlled",
"trial",
"was",
"conducted",
"in",
"a",
"32-",
"bed",
"intensive",
"care",
"unit.",
"Thirty",
"patients",
"with",
"sepsis",
"were",
"randomized",
"to",
"receive",
"heparin",
"infusion",
"of",
"500",
"units/hour",
"or",
"5000",
"units",
"of",
"heparin",
"three",
"times",
"a",
"day,",
"subcutaneously.",
"The",
"plasma",
"level",
"of",
"PAI-1",
"and",
"urinary",
"level",
"of",
"NGAL",
"were",
"determined",
"at",
"day",
"0,",
"2",
"and",
"7.",
"The",
"infusion",
"group",
"had",
"a",
"lower",
"plasma",
"PAI-1",
"level",
"compared",
"to",
"the",
"subcutaneous",
"group",
"at",
"day",
"7",
"(11.3",
"±",
"1.6",
"vs.",
"16.5",
"±",
"4.2;",
"P",
"=",
"0.003).",
"The",
"urinary",
"NGAL",
"level",
"was",
"lower",
"in",
"the",
"infusion",
"group",
"at",
"day",
"2",
"(131.3",
"±",
"11.9",
"vs.",
"151.2",
"±",
"20.6;",
"P",
"=",
"0.014);",
"however,",
"at",
"day",
"7",
"the",
"NGAL",
"level",
"was",
"decreased",
"in",
"the",
"subcutaneous",
"group",
"as",
"much",
"as",
"the",
"infusion",
"group",
"and",
"there",
"was",
"no",
"significant",
"difference",
"between",
"the",
"two",
"groups.",
"There",
"was",
"no",
"significant",
"difference",
"in",
"the",
"acute",
"physiology",
"and",
"chronic",
"health",
"evaluation",
"(APACHE)",
"II",
"and",
"sequential",
"organ",
"failure",
"assessment",
"(SOFA)",
"scores",
"between",
"the",
"two",
"groups",
"at",
"day",
"0,",
"2",
"and",
"7.",
"Low-dose",
"heparin",
"infusion",
"compared",
"to",
"subcutaneous",
"heparin",
"can",
"decrease",
"the",
"plasma",
"PAI-1",
"and",
"urinary",
"NGAL",
"levels",
"more",
"rapidly.",
"It",
"can",
"be",
"related",
"to",
"anti-inflammatory",
"effects",
"of",
"heparin,",
"which",
"may",
"be",
"more",
"prominent",
"in",
"infusion",
"route."
] | [
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[
"The",
"Spreading",
"of",
"Social",
"Energy:",
"How",
"Exposure",
"to",
"Positive",
"and",
"Negative",
"Social",
"News",
"Affects",
"Behavior",
"Social",
"news,",
"unlike",
"video",
"games",
"or",
"TV",
"programs,",
"conveys",
"real-life",
"interactions.",
"Theoretically,",
"social",
"news",
"in",
"which",
"people",
"help",
"or",
"harm",
"each",
"other",
"and",
"violate",
"rules",
"should",
"influence",
"both",
"prosocial",
"and",
"violation",
"behaviors.",
"In",
"two",
"experiments,",
"we",
"demonstrated",
"the",
"spreading",
"effects",
"of",
"social",
"news",
"in",
"a",
"social",
"interaction",
"context",
"emphasizing",
"social",
"conventions",
"and",
"a",
"nonsocial",
"interaction",
"context",
"emphasizing",
"moral",
"norms.",
"Across",
"the",
"two",
"studies,",
"the",
"results",
"showed",
"that",
"positive",
"social",
"news",
"increased",
"cooperation",
"(decreased",
"defection)",
"but",
"had",
"no",
"effect",
"on",
"cheating,",
"whereas",
"negative",
"social",
"news",
"increased",
"cheating",
"but",
"with",
"no",
"change",
"in",
"cooperation",
"(or",
"defection).",
"We",
"conclude",
"that",
"there",
"is",
"a",
"spreading",
"impact",
"of",
"positive",
"social",
"news",
"in",
"the",
"conventional",
"norm",
"domain",
"and",
"of",
"negative",
"social",
"news",
"in",
"the",
"moral",
"norm",
"domain."
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[
"Using",
"Evolutionary",
"Theory",
"to",
"Guide",
"Mental",
"Health",
"Research",
"Evolutionary",
"approaches",
"to",
"medicine",
"can",
"shed",
"light",
"on",
"the",
"origins",
"and",
"etiology",
"of",
"disease.",
"Such",
"an",
"approach",
"may",
"be",
"especially",
"useful",
"in",
"psychiatry,",
"which",
"frequently",
"addresses",
"conditions",
"with",
"heterogeneous",
"presentation",
"and",
"unknown",
"causes.",
"We",
"review",
"several",
"previous",
"applications",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"that",
"highlight",
"the",
"ways",
"in",
"which",
"psychiatric",
"conditions",
"may",
"persist",
"despite",
"and",
"because",
"of",
"natural",
"selection.",
"One",
"lesson",
"from",
"the",
"evolutionary",
"approach",
"is",
"that",
"some",
"conditions",
"currently",
"classified",
"as",
"disorders",
"(because",
"they",
"cause",
"distress",
"and",
"impairment)",
"may",
"actually",
"be",
"caused",
"by",
"functioning",
"adaptations",
"operating",
"\"",
"normally",
"\"",
"(as",
"designed",
"by",
"natural",
"selection).",
"Such",
"conditions",
"suggest",
"an",
"alternative",
"illness",
"model",
"that",
"may",
"generate",
"alternative",
"intervention",
"strategies.",
"Thus,",
"the",
"evolutionary",
"approach",
"suggests",
"that",
"psychiatry",
"should",
"sometimes",
"think",
"differently",
"about",
"distress",
"and",
"impairment.",
"The",
"complexity",
"of",
"the",
"human",
"brain,",
"including",
"normal",
"functioning",
"and",
"potential",
"for",
"dysfunctions,",
"has",
"developed",
"over",
"evolutionary",
"time",
"and",
"has",
"been",
"shaped",
"by",
"natural",
"selection.",
"Understanding",
"the",
"evolutionary",
"origins",
"of",
"psychiatric",
"conditions",
"is",
"therefore",
"a",
"crucial",
"component",
"to",
"a",
"complete",
"understanding",
"of",
"etiology."
] | [
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[
"Transcriptomic",
"and",
"Physiological",
"Responses",
"of",
"the",
"Green",
"Microalga",
"Chlamydomonas",
"reinhardtii",
"during",
"Short-Term",
"Exposure",
"to",
"Subnanomolar",
"Methylmercury",
"Concentrations",
"The",
"effects",
"of",
"short-term",
"exposure",
"to",
"subnanomolar",
"methyl-mercury",
"(MeHg)",
"concentrations,",
"representative",
"of",
"contaminated",
"environments,",
"on",
"the",
"microalga",
"Chlamydomonas",
"reinhardtii",
"were",
"assessed",
"using",
"both",
"physiological",
"end",
"points",
"and",
"gene",
"expression",
"analysis.",
"MeHg",
"bioaccumulated",
"and",
"induced",
"significant",
"increase",
"of",
"the",
"photosynthesis",
"efficiency,",
"while",
"the",
"algal",
"growth,",
"oxidative",
"stress,",
"and",
"chlorophyll",
"fluorescence",
"were",
"unaffected.",
"At",
"the",
"molecular",
"level,",
"MeHg",
"significantly",
"dysregulated",
"the",
"expression",
"of",
"genes",
"involved",
"in",
"motility,",
"energy",
"metabolism,",
"lipid",
"metabolism,",
"metal",
"transport,",
"and",
"antioxidant",
"enzymes.",
"Data",
"suggest",
"that",
"the",
"cells",
"were",
"able",
"to",
"cope",
"with",
"subnanomolar",
"MeHg",
"exposure,",
"but",
"this",
"tolerance",
"resulted",
"in",
"a",
"significant",
"cost",
"to",
"the",
"cell",
"energy",
"and",
"reserve",
"metabolism",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"ample",
"changes",
"in",
"the",
"nutrition",
"and",
"motility",
"of",
"C.",
"reinhardtii.",
"The",
"present",
"results",
"allowed",
"gaining",
"new",
"insights",
"on",
"the",
"effects",
"and",
"uptake",
"mechanisms",
"of",
"MeHg",
"at",
"subnanomolar",
"concentrations",
"in",
"aquatic",
"primary",
"producers."
] | [
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[
"Hierarchical",
"Targeting",
"Strategy",
"for",
"Enhanced",
"Tumor",
"Tissue",
"Accumulation",
"/",
"Retention",
"and",
"Cellular",
"Internalization",
"Targeted",
"delivery",
"of",
"therapeutic",
"agents",
"is",
"an",
"important",
"way",
"to",
"improve",
"the",
"therapeutic",
"index",
"and",
"reduce",
"side",
"effects.",
"To",
"design",
"nanoparticles",
"for",
"targeted",
"delivery,",
"both",
"enhanced",
"tumor",
"tissue",
"accumulation",
"/",
"retention",
"and",
"enhanced",
"cellular",
"internalization",
"should",
"be",
"considered",
"simultaneously.",
"So",
"far,",
"there",
"have",
"been",
"very",
"few",
"nanoparticles",
"with",
"immutable",
"structures",
"that",
"can",
"achieve",
"this",
"goal",
"efficiently.",
"Hierarchical",
"targeting,",
"a",
"novel",
"targeting",
"strategy",
"based",
"on",
"stimuli",
"responsiveness,",
"shows",
"good",
"potential",
"to",
"enhance",
"both",
"tumor",
"tissue",
"accumulation",
"/",
"retention",
"and",
"cellular",
"internalization.",
"Here,",
"the",
"recent",
"design",
"and",
"development",
"of",
"hierarchical",
"targeting",
"nanoplatforms,",
"based",
"on",
"changeable",
"particle",
"sizes,",
"switchable",
"surface",
"charges",
"and",
"activatable",
"surface",
"ligands,",
"will",
"be",
"introduced.",
"In",
"general,",
"the",
"targeting",
"moieties",
"in",
"these",
"nanoplatforms",
"are",
"not",
"activated",
"during",
"blood",
"circulation",
"for",
"efficient",
"tumor",
"tissue",
"accumulation,",
"but",
"re-activated",
"by",
"certain",
"internal",
"or",
"external",
"stimuli",
"in",
"the",
"tumor",
"microenvironment",
"for",
"enhanced",
"cellular",
"internalization."
] | [
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[
"Subsolid",
"pulmonary",
"nodule",
"morphology",
"and",
"associated",
"patient",
"characteristics",
"in",
"a",
"routine",
"clinical",
"population",
"To",
"determine",
"the",
"presence",
"and",
"morphology",
"of",
"subsolid",
"pulmonary",
"nodules",
"(SSNs)",
"in",
"a",
"non-screening",
"setting",
"and",
"relate",
"them",
"to",
"clinical",
"and",
"patient",
"characteristics.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"16,890",
"reports",
"of",
"clinically",
"obtained",
"chest",
"CT",
"(06/2011",
"to",
"11/2014,",
"single-centre)",
"were",
"searched",
"describing",
"an",
"SSN.",
"Subjects",
"with",
"a",
"visually",
"confirmed",
"SSN",
"and",
"at",
"least",
"two",
"thin-slice",
"CTs",
"were",
"included.",
"Nodule",
"volumes",
"were",
"measured.",
"Progression",
"was",
"defined",
"as",
"volume",
"increase",
"exceeding",
"the",
"software",
"interscan",
"variation.",
"Nodule",
"morphology,",
"location,",
"and",
"patient",
"characteristics",
"were",
"evaluated.",
"Fifteen",
"transient",
"and",
"74",
"persistent",
"SSNs",
"were",
"included",
"(median",
"follow-up",
"19.6",
"[8.3-36.8]",
"months).",
"Subjects",
"with",
"an",
"SSN",
"were",
"slightly",
"older",
"than",
"those",
"without",
"(62",
"vs.",
"58",
"years;",
"p",
"=",
"0.01),",
"but",
"no",
"gender",
"predilection",
"was",
"found.",
"SSNs",
"were",
"mostly",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"upper",
"lobes.",
"Women",
"showed",
"significantly",
"more",
"often",
"persistent",
"lesions",
"than",
"men",
"(94",
"%",
"vs.",
"69",
"%;",
"p",
"=",
"0.002).",
"Part-solid",
"lesions",
"were",
"larger",
"(1638",
"vs.",
"383",
"mm(3);",
"p",
"<",
"0.001)",
"and",
"more",
"often",
"progressive",
"(68",
"%",
"vs.",
"38",
"%;",
"p",
"=",
"0.02),",
"compared",
"to",
"pure",
"ground-glass",
"nodules.",
"Progressive",
"SSNs",
"were",
"rare",
"under",
"the",
"age",
"of",
"50",
"years.",
"Logistic",
"regression",
"analysis",
"did",
"not",
"identify",
"additional",
"nodule",
"parameters",
"of",
"future",
"progression,",
"apart",
"from",
"part-solid",
"nature.",
"This",
"study",
"confirms",
"previously",
"reported",
"characteristics",
"of",
"SSNs",
"and",
"associated",
"factors",
"in",
"a",
"European,",
"routine",
"clinical",
"population.",
"•",
"SSNs",
"in",
"women",
"are",
"significantly",
"more",
"often",
"persistent",
"compared",
"to",
"men.",
"•",
"SSN",
"persistence",
"is",
"not",
"associated",
"with",
"age",
"or",
"prior",
"malignancy.",
"•",
"The",
"majority",
"of",
"(persistent)",
"SSNs",
"are",
"located",
"in",
"the",
"upper",
"lung",
"lobes.",
"•",
"A",
"part-solid",
"nature",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"future",
"nodule",
"growth.",
"•",
"Progressive",
"solitary",
"SSNs",
"are",
"rare",
"under",
"the",
"age",
"of",
"50",
"years."
] | [
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1,
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0,
1,
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1
] |
[
"Dynamic",
"CT",
"myocardial",
"perfusion",
"imaging",
"identifies",
"early",
"perfusion",
"abnormalities",
"in",
"diabetes",
"and",
"hypertension:",
"Insights",
"from",
"a",
"multicenter",
"registry",
"To",
"identify",
"patients",
"with",
"early",
"signs",
"of",
"myocardial",
"perfusion",
"reduction,",
"a",
"reference",
"base",
"for",
"perfusion",
"measures",
"is",
"needed.",
"To",
"analyze",
"perfusion",
"parameters",
"derived",
"from",
"dynamic",
"computed",
"tomography",
"perfusion",
"imaging",
"(CTPI)",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"suspected",
"coronary",
"artery",
"disease",
"(CAD),",
"and",
"relationship",
"with",
"risk",
"factors.",
"In",
"this",
"multicenter",
"study,",
"coronary",
"CT",
"angiography",
"(cCTA)",
"and",
"dynamic",
"CTPI",
"were",
"performed",
"by",
"second-generation",
"dual-source",
"CT",
"in",
"patients",
"suspected",
"of",
"CAD.",
"Risk",
"factors",
"were",
"collected",
"from",
"hospital",
"records.",
"Patients",
"with",
"visual",
"perfusion",
"defects",
"on",
"CTPI,",
"previous",
"coronary",
"intervention,",
"or",
"missing",
"risk",
"factor",
"details",
"were",
"excluded.",
"This",
"analysis",
"included",
"98",
"patients",
"(mean",
"age",
"±",
"standard",
"deviation",
"[SD],",
"59.0",
"±",
"8.6yrs;",
"73",
"male).",
"Global",
"measures",
"of",
"left",
"ventricular",
"myocardial",
"blood",
"flow",
"(MBF),",
"myocardial",
"blood",
"volume",
"(MBV)",
"and",
"volume",
"transfer",
"constant",
"(K(trans))",
"were",
"calculated.",
"Mean",
"MBF",
"was",
"139.3",
"±",
"31.4",
"mL/100",
"mL/min,",
"MBV",
"19.1",
"±",
"2.7",
"mL/100",
"mL,",
"and",
"Ktrans",
"85.0",
"±",
"17.5",
"mL/100",
"mL/min.",
"No",
"significant",
"differences",
"in",
"perfusion",
"parameters",
"were",
"found",
"by",
"gender",
"or",
"age",
"category.",
"Hypertension",
"and",
"diabetes",
"mellitus",
"resulted",
"in",
"lower",
"perfusion",
"parameters",
"(hypertension",
"vs",
"normotension:",
"MBV",
"18.5",
"±",
"3.0",
"vs",
"19.7",
"±",
"2.3",
"mL/100",
"mL",
"and",
"K(trans)",
"82.0",
"±",
"18.0",
"vs",
"89.0",
"±",
"16.0,",
"p",
"<",
"0.05;",
"diabetes",
"vs",
"no",
"diabetes:",
"MBF",
"128.5",
"±",
"31.5",
"vs",
"144.0",
"±",
"30.5",
"mL/100",
"mL/min",
"and",
"MBV",
"17.9",
"±",
"2.4",
"vs",
"19.4",
"±",
"2.8",
"mL/100",
"mL,",
"p",
"<",
"0.05).",
"In",
"patients",
"with",
"hyperlipidemia,",
"MBF",
"was",
"higher",
"(146.8",
"±",
"34.4",
"vs",
"130.7",
"±",
"24.3",
"mL/100",
"mL/min,",
"p",
"<",
"0.05).",
"Smoking",
"and",
"family",
"history",
"did",
"not",
"show",
"perfusion",
"parameter",
"differences.",
"Dynamic",
"CTPI",
"identifies",
"early",
"perfusion",
"disturbances",
"in",
"conditions",
"like",
"diabetes",
"and",
"hypertension.",
"With",
"further",
"standardization,",
"absolute",
"perfusion",
"measures",
"may",
"improve",
"CAD",
"risk",
"stratification",
"in",
"patients",
"without",
"visual",
"perfusion",
"defects."
] | [
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1,
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1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
1,
2,
0,
0,
0,
1,
1,
0,
1,
2,
0,
0,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
1,
0,
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1,
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1,
1,
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[
"Cognition",
"Enhancing",
"Activity",
"of",
"Sulforaphane",
"Against",
"Scopolamine",
"Induced",
"Cognitive",
"Impairment",
"in",
"Zebra",
"Fish",
"(Danio",
"rerio)",
"Several",
"epidemiological",
"studies",
"have",
"shown",
"that",
"consumption",
"of",
"large",
"quantities",
"of",
"vegetables",
"especially",
"cruciferous",
"vegetables",
"(Broccoli",
"and",
"Brussels",
"sprouts)",
"can",
"protect",
"against",
"chronic",
"diseases.",
"Sulforaphane,",
"an",
"isothiocynate",
"found",
"in",
"cruciferous",
"vegetables",
"has",
"been",
"demonstrated",
"to",
"have",
"neuroprotective",
"effects",
"in",
"several",
"experimental",
"paradigms.",
"This",
"study",
"was",
"undertaken",
"to",
"examine",
"the",
"effect",
"of",
"sulforaphane",
"on",
"cognitive",
"impairment",
"in",
"zebra",
"fish",
"model",
"using",
"a",
"novel",
"method",
"of",
"fear",
"conditioning.",
"Initially,",
"the",
"normal",
"behaviour",
"of",
"zebra",
"fishes",
"was",
"studied",
"in",
"light-dark",
"tank",
"for",
"10",
"min",
"daily",
"for",
"10",
"days.",
"Fishes",
"were",
"then",
"divided",
"into",
"seven",
"groups",
"of",
"twelve",
"in",
"each.",
"Group",
"I",
"served",
"as",
"normal,",
"group",
"II",
"served",
"as",
"fear",
"conditioned",
"control,",
"group",
"III",
"and",
"group",
"IV",
"were",
"sulforaphane",
"(25",
"µM/L)",
"and",
"piracetam",
"(200",
"mg/L)",
"treated",
"respectively.",
"Group",
"V",
"served",
"as",
"scopolamine",
"(400",
"µM/L)",
"induced",
"memory",
"impairment",
"fishes.",
"Group",
"VI",
"and",
"VII",
"were",
"sulforaphane",
"(25",
"µM/L)",
"and",
"piracetam",
"(200",
"mg/L)",
"treated",
"scopolamine",
"induced",
"memory",
"impairment",
"groups",
"respectively.",
"In",
"normal",
"behavioural",
"analysis,",
"fishes",
"preferred",
"to",
"stay",
"in",
"dark",
"compartment.",
"The",
"average",
"number",
"of",
"entries",
"into",
"the",
"dark",
"and",
"time",
"spent",
"in",
"dark",
"were",
"significantly",
"more.",
"Fishes",
"in",
"group",
"II",
"to",
"VII",
"were",
"individually",
"subjected",
"to",
"fear",
"conditioning",
"passive",
"avoidance",
"task",
"and",
"evaluated",
"for",
"learned",
"task",
"memory.",
"It",
"was",
"observed",
"that",
"the",
"average",
"number",
"of",
"entries",
"into",
"dark",
"and",
"time",
"spent",
"in",
"dark",
"were",
"significantly",
"decreased.",
"After",
"exposure",
"to",
"respective",
"treatment",
"fishes",
"in",
"group",
"III",
"to",
"VII",
"were",
"subjected",
"to",
"cognitive",
"evaluation.",
"There",
"was",
"no",
"significant",
"difference",
"in",
"cognition",
"of",
"group",
"III",
"and",
"IV",
"fishes",
"exposed",
"to",
"sulforaphane",
"and",
"piracetam",
"alone",
"respectively.",
"Fishes",
"exposed",
"to",
"scopolamine",
"showed",
"a",
"significant",
"cognitive",
"impairment.",
"Sulforaphane",
"exposure",
"prior",
"to",
"scopolamine",
"significantly",
"retained",
"the",
"memory",
"of",
"learned",
"task.",
"These",
"findings",
"suggest",
"that",
"sulforaphane",
"might",
"be",
"a",
"promising",
"therapeutic",
"agent",
"for",
"cognitive",
"enhancement",
"in",
"Alzheimer's",
"disease."
] | [
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[
"Value",
"of",
"MDM2,",
"CDK4",
"and",
"SATB2",
"immunohistochemistry",
"in",
"histologic",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"To",
"investigate",
"the",
"value",
"of",
"combined",
"application",
"of",
"MDM2,",
"CDK4",
"and",
"SATB2",
"immunohistochemistry",
"in",
"pathological",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma.",
"Forty-seven",
"cases",
"of",
"low",
"grade",
"osteosarcoma,",
"including",
"low",
"grade",
"central",
"osteosarcoma",
"(n=20)",
"and",
"parosteal",
"osteosarcoma",
"(n=27),",
"were",
"selected",
"from",
"Shanghai",
"Jiaotong",
"University",
"Affiliated",
"the",
"Sixth",
"People's",
"Hospital.",
"The",
"clinical,",
"radiography",
"and",
"histopathology",
"were",
"reviewed.",
"The",
"sensitivity",
"and",
"specificity",
"of",
"MDM2,",
"CDK4",
"and",
"SATB2",
"immunohistochemistry",
"in",
"the",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"were",
"assessed",
"along",
"with",
"an",
"evaluation",
"of",
"their",
"expressions",
"in",
"fibrous",
"dysplasia,",
"desmoplastic",
"fibroma,",
"low-grade",
"fibrosarcoma",
"and",
"other",
"fibrous",
"tumors.",
"Low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"had",
"protracted",
"clinical",
"course,",
"occurring",
"mostly",
"in",
"elder",
"adults",
"and",
"mainly",
"involving",
"long",
"bones.",
"Radiographic",
"studies",
"showed",
"that",
"low-grade",
"central",
"osteosarcoma",
"had",
"a",
"mainly",
"malignant",
"lytic",
"presentation,",
"however",
"about",
"5/18",
"of",
"t",
"umors",
"overlapping",
"with",
"intermediate",
"and",
"benign",
"bone",
"diseases,",
"while",
"parosteal",
"osteosarcoma",
"was",
"characterized",
"by",
"a",
"densely",
"sclerotic",
"malignant",
"appearance.",
"Histologically,",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"s",
"were",
"characterized",
"by",
"well-differentiated",
"spindle",
"tumor",
"cells,",
"various",
"mature",
"tumor",
"bones",
"and",
"an",
"aggressive",
"growth",
"pattern.",
"The",
"positive",
"expression",
"rates",
"of",
"MDM2",
"and",
"CDK4",
"in",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"were",
"74.5%",
"and",
"55.3%,",
"respectively.",
"Eighty-three",
"percent",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"expressed",
"one",
"or",
"both",
"markers.",
"Low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"and",
"fibrous",
"dysplasia",
"were",
"both",
"positive",
"for",
"SATB2,",
"while",
"desmoplastic",
"fibroma,",
"low-grade",
"fibrosacoma",
"and",
"other",
"fibrous",
"tumors",
"were",
"negative",
"for",
"SATB2.",
"Accurate",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma",
"should",
"be",
"based",
"on",
"combination",
"of",
"clinical",
"presentation,",
"imaging",
"and",
"histopathology,",
"with",
"immunohistochemistry",
"as",
"a",
"diagnostic",
"adjunct.",
"Positive",
"immunostaining",
"for",
"CDK4",
"and/or",
"MDM2",
"supports",
"the",
"diagnosis",
"of",
"low-grade",
"osteosarcoma,",
"but",
"the",
"negative",
"one",
"does",
"not",
"rule",
"out",
"such",
"lesion.",
"The",
"negative",
"expression",
"of",
"SATB2",
"is",
"helpful",
"to",
"exclude",
"fibrous",
"tumors",
"originating",
"from",
"bone",
"with",
"the",
"exception",
"of",
"fibrous",
"dysplasia."
] | [
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1,
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0,
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2
] |
[
"Biobank",
"and",
"Genomic",
"Research",
"in",
"Uganda:",
"Are",
"Extant",
"Privacy",
"and",
"Confidentiality",
"Regimes",
"Adequate?",
"Not",
"many",
"African",
"countries",
"have",
"been",
"able",
"to",
"develop",
"a",
"robust",
"system",
"for",
"regulating",
"health",
"research",
"within",
"their",
"respective",
"jurisdictions,",
"particularly",
"in",
"the",
"realm",
"of",
"biobanking",
"and",
"genomics.",
"This",
"is",
"not",
"without",
"reason.",
"Aside",
"from",
"underdevelopment",
"and",
"all",
"that",
"it",
"entails",
"or",
"perhaps",
"in",
"consequence",
"thereof,",
"countries",
"in",
"the",
"region",
"have",
"been",
"unable",
"to",
"make",
"significant",
"strides",
"in",
"medical",
"research.",
"But",
"there",
"are",
"exceptions.",
"Amongst",
"the",
"few",
"seeming",
"success",
"stories",
"is",
"Uganda.",
"Nonetheless,",
"although",
"the",
"country",
"has",
"developed",
"what",
"appears",
"to",
"be",
"a",
"functional",
"framework",
"to",
"govern",
"genomic",
"research",
"and",
"biobanking,",
"the",
"consistency",
"of",
"key",
"provisions",
"with",
"international",
"standards,",
"especially",
"those",
"pertaining",
"to",
"privacy",
"of",
"research",
"participants",
"and",
"confidentiality",
"of",
"their",
"health",
"information,",
"is",
"not",
"at",
"all",
"clear.",
"Yet,",
"making",
"this",
"determination",
"-",
"the",
"main",
"objective",
"of",
"this",
"article",
"-",
"is",
"critical",
"in",
"determining",
"the",
"adequacy",
"of",
"protection",
"available",
"to",
"human",
"research",
"subjects",
"in",
"the",
"country."
] | [
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[
"Impact",
"of",
"a",
"Casino",
"Opening",
"on",
"Gambling",
"Behaviors",
"of",
"People",
"Engaged",
"in",
"Methadone",
"Maintenance",
"This",
"study",
"examined",
"gambling",
"behavior",
"in",
"the",
"context",
"of",
"a",
"newly",
"opening",
"casino,",
"comparing",
"disordered",
"gamblers",
"to",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers,",
"in",
"a",
"population",
"of",
"individuals",
"involved",
"in",
"methadone",
"maintenance",
"treatment.",
"Disordered",
"gamblers",
"(N",
"=",
"50)",
"and",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers",
"(N",
"=",
"50)",
"were",
"surveyed",
"before",
"and",
"after",
"the",
"opening",
"of",
"a",
"new",
"casino",
"on",
"gambling",
"behaviors,",
"substance",
"use,",
"and",
"psychological",
"symptoms.",
"No",
"statistically",
"significant",
"changes",
"in",
"gambling",
"behaviors",
"were",
"observed",
"for",
"disordered",
"gamblers",
"or",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers",
"across",
"time",
"points;",
"however,",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers",
"demonstrated",
"non-significant",
"increases",
"in",
"horse",
"and",
"dog",
"race",
"betting,",
"electronic",
"games,",
"and",
"casino",
"table",
"games.",
"As",
"expected,",
"disordered",
"gamblers",
"were",
"found",
"to",
"spend",
"significantly",
"more",
"money",
"on",
"electronic",
"games",
"and",
"casino",
"table",
"games",
"(p",
"<",
"0.05)",
"and",
"demonstrated",
"higher",
"rates",
"of",
"drug",
"use",
"and",
"impulsivity",
"than",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers.",
"The",
"introduction",
"of",
"a",
"new",
"casino",
"did",
"not",
"appear",
"to",
"have",
"a",
"major",
"impact",
"on",
"gambling",
"behaviors",
"of",
"individuals",
"attending",
"methadone",
"maintenance",
"treatment,",
"though",
"the",
"non-significant",
"increases",
"in",
"gambling",
"among",
"non-disordered",
"gamblers",
"may",
"indicate",
"that",
"this",
"population",
"is",
"preferentially",
"impacted",
"by",
"the",
"opening",
"of",
"a",
"new",
"casino.",
"Future",
"investigation",
"into",
"the",
"longer",
"term",
"effects",
"of",
"opening",
"a",
"new",
"casino",
"on",
"this",
"population",
"may",
"be",
"warranted."
] | [
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[
"Association",
"between",
"Leukoaraiosis",
"and",
"Poor",
"Outcome",
"is",
"not",
"due",
"to",
"Reperfusion",
"Inefficiency",
"after",
"Intravenous",
"Thrombolysis",
"Leukoaraiosis",
"(LA)",
"is",
"associated",
"with",
"structural",
"and",
"functional",
"cerebrovascular",
"impairment,",
"which",
"may",
"compromise",
"the",
"capacity",
"of",
"ischemic",
"tissue",
"to",
"maximize",
"reperfusion",
"after",
"intravenous",
"thrombolysis",
"(IVT).",
"We",
"aimed",
"to",
"determine",
"whether",
"severe",
"LA",
"is",
"correlated",
"with",
"reperfusion",
"inefficiency,",
"which",
"contributes",
"to",
"infarct",
"growth",
"and",
"poor",
"functional",
"outcome.",
"We",
"analyzed",
"data",
"from",
"our",
"consecutive",
"acute",
"ischemic",
"stroke",
"(AIS)",
"patients",
"who",
"had",
"acquired",
"baseline",
"and",
"24-h",
"follow-up",
"diffusion-",
"and",
"perfusion-weighted",
"imaging.",
"Reperfusion",
"was",
"defined",
"as",
"reduction",
"of",
"≥70",
"%",
"of",
"hypoperfusion",
"lesion",
"at",
"24",
"h",
"from",
"baseline.",
"Severe",
"LA",
"was",
"defined",
"as",
"Fazekas",
"score",
"2",
"or",
"3",
"on",
"FLAIR",
"images.",
"We",
"investigated",
"the",
"relationship",
"between",
"severity",
"of",
"LA",
"and",
"reperfusion",
"status.",
"Multivariate",
"statistical",
"analysis",
"was",
"carried",
"out",
"for",
"modeling",
"the",
"independent",
"predictors",
"of",
"reperfusion,",
"infarct",
"growth,",
"and",
"functional",
"outcome.",
"Finally,",
"79",
"patients",
"were",
"included,",
"among",
"them",
"30",
"(37.97",
"%)",
"had",
"severe",
"LA.",
"Reperfusion",
"was",
"observed",
"in",
"41",
"(51.89",
"%)",
"patients,",
"the",
"proportion",
"of",
"reperfusion",
"was",
"very",
"similar",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"and",
"without",
"severe",
"LA",
"(53.33",
"vs",
"51.02",
"%,",
"p",
"=",
"1.000).",
"Large",
"artery",
"occlusion",
"was",
"the",
"only",
"independent",
"unfavorable",
"predictor",
"for",
"reperfusion",
"(OR",
"=",
"0.202,",
"95",
"%",
"confidence",
"interval,",
"0.060-0.673;",
"p",
"=",
"0.014).",
"Multiple",
"linear",
"regression",
"analysis",
"revealed",
"that",
"severe",
"LA",
"was",
"independently",
"associated",
"with",
"infarct",
"growth",
"(standardized",
"coefficients",
"=",
"0.191,",
"p",
"=",
"0.040).",
"Severe",
"LA",
"was",
"also",
"an",
"independent",
"predictor",
"of",
"poor",
"outcome",
"(mRS",
"≥",
"3)",
"(OR",
"=",
"4.004,",
"95",
"%",
"confidence",
"interval,",
"1.267-12.656,",
"p",
"=",
"0.018)",
"after",
"adjusting",
"for",
"reperfusion",
"and",
"baseline",
"severity",
"of",
"stroke.",
"Severe",
"LA",
"was",
"associated",
"with",
"infarct",
"growth",
"and",
"poor",
"outcome",
"independent",
"of",
"reperfusion",
"status,",
"which",
"may",
"expand",
"the",
"notion",
"that",
"LA",
"contributes",
"the",
"intrinsic",
"vulnerability",
"of",
"brain",
"tissue",
"to",
"acute",
"ischemic",
"insults.",
"The",
"burden",
"of",
"LA",
"may",
"not",
"serve",
"as",
"an",
"imaging",
"indicator",
"of",
"reperfusion",
"inefficiency",
"after",
"IVT",
"for",
"AIS",
"patients."
] | [
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[
"RNA",
"topoisomerase",
"is",
"prevalent",
"in",
"all",
"domains",
"of",
"life",
"and",
"associates",
"with",
"polyribosomes",
"in",
"animals",
"DNA",
"Topoisomerases",
"are",
"essential",
"to",
"resolve",
"topological",
"problems",
"during",
"DNA",
"metabolism",
"in",
"all",
"species.",
"However,",
"the",
"prevalence",
"and",
"function",
"of",
"RNA",
"topoisomerases",
"remain",
"uncertain.",
"Here,",
"we",
"show",
"that",
"RNA",
"topoisomerase",
"activity",
"is",
"prevalent",
"in",
"Type",
"IA",
"topoisomerases",
"from",
"bacteria,",
"archaea,",
"and",
"eukarya.",
"Moreover,",
"this",
"activity",
"always",
"requires",
"the",
"conserved",
"Type",
"IA",
"core",
"domains",
"and",
"the",
"same",
"catalytic",
"residue",
"used",
"in",
"DNA",
"topoisomerase",
"reaction;",
"however,",
"it",
"does",
"not",
"absolutely",
"require",
"the",
"non-conserved",
"carboxyl-terminal",
"domain",
"(CTD),",
"which",
"is",
"necessary",
"for",
"relaxation",
"reactions",
"of",
"supercoiled",
"DNA.",
"The",
"RNA",
"topoisomerase",
"activity",
"of",
"human",
"Top3β",
"differs",
"from",
"that",
"of",
"Escherichia",
"coli",
"topoisomerase",
"I",
"in",
"that",
"the",
"former",
"but",
"not",
"the",
"latter",
"requires",
"the",
"CTD,",
"indicating",
"that",
"topoisomerases",
"have",
"developed",
"distinct",
"mechanisms",
"during",
"evolution",
"to",
"catalyze",
"RNA",
"topoisomerase",
"reactions.",
"Notably,",
"Top3β",
"proteins",
"from",
"several",
"animals",
"associate",
"with",
"polyribosomes,",
"which",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"mRNA",
"translation,",
"whereas",
"the",
"Top3",
"homologs",
"from",
"E.",
"coli",
"and",
"yeast",
"lack",
"the",
"association.",
"The",
"Top3β",
"-",
"polyribosome",
"association",
"requires",
"TDRD3,",
"which",
"directly",
"interacts",
"with",
"Top3β",
"and",
"is",
"present",
"in",
"animals",
"but",
"not",
"bacteria",
"or",
"yeast.",
"We",
"propose",
"that",
"RNA",
"topoisomerases",
"arose",
"in",
"the",
"early",
"RNA",
"world,",
"and",
"that",
"they",
"are",
"retained",
"through",
"all",
"domains",
"of",
"DNA",
"-based",
"life,",
"where",
"they",
"mediate",
"mRNA",
"translation",
"as",
"part",
"of",
"polyribosomes",
"in",
"animals."
] | [
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[
"First",
"Draft",
"Genome",
"Sequence",
"of",
"Staphylococcus",
"condimenti",
"F-2T",
"This",
"report",
"describes",
"the",
"draft",
"genome",
"sequence",
"of",
"S.",
"condimenti",
"strain",
"F-2(T)",
"(DSM",
"11674),",
"a",
"potential",
"starter",
"culture.",
"The",
"genome",
"assembly",
"comprised",
"2,616,174",
"bp",
"with",
"34.6%",
"GC",
"content.",
"To",
"the",
"best",
"of",
"our",
"knowledge,",
"this",
"is",
"the",
"first",
"documentation",
"that",
"reports",
"the",
"whole-genome",
"sequence",
"of",
"S.",
"condimenti."
] | [
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[
"Efficacy",
"of",
"a",
"coaxial",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"for",
"navigation",
"of",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"in",
"tortuous",
"arteries:",
"technique",
"and",
"case",
"experience",
"OBJECTIVE",
"The",
"authors",
"describe",
"a",
"method",
"by",
"which",
"they",
"easily",
"and",
"atraumatically",
"navigate",
"a",
"large-bore",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"of",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"system",
"to",
"an",
"embolus",
"by",
"using",
"a",
"coaxial",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"tortuous",
"arteries.",
"METHODS",
"A",
"retrospective",
"review",
"of",
"the",
"prospective",
"endovascular",
"database",
"was",
"performed",
"to",
"identify",
"cases",
"in",
"which",
"a",
"coaxial",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"(Scepter",
"C,",
"MicroVention",
"/",
"Terumo;",
"or",
"TransForm",
"C,",
"Stryker",
"Neurovascular)",
"and",
"a",
"large-bore",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"of",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"system",
"(Penumbra,",
"Inc.)",
"was",
"used.",
"The",
"authors",
"achieved",
"a",
"stable",
"guiding",
"sheath",
"position",
"and",
"delivered",
"the",
"coaxial",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"and",
"a",
"large-bore",
"reperfusion",
"catheter.",
"Then,",
"the",
"balloon",
"was",
"inflated",
"somewhat",
"when",
"the",
"distal",
"tip",
"of",
"the",
"balloon",
"was",
"slightly",
"advanced",
"from",
"the",
"tip",
"of",
"the",
"reperfusion",
"catheter,",
"and",
"together",
"the",
"coaxial",
"system",
"was",
"advanced",
"to",
"an",
"embolus",
"over",
"a",
"0.014-in",
"guidewire,",
"even",
"around",
"the",
"corner.",
"When",
"the",
"distal",
"tip",
"of",
"the",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"reached",
"the",
"embolus,",
"the",
"authors",
"deflated",
"the",
"balloon",
"and",
"navigated",
"the",
"large-bore",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"to",
"the",
"embolus.",
"Finally,",
"the",
"aspiration",
"of",
"the",
"embolus",
"with",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"MAX",
"pump",
"was",
"begun.",
"RESULTS",
"Between",
"May",
"2014",
"and",
"September",
"2015,",
"the",
"authors",
"used",
"this",
"technique",
"in",
"17",
"cases:",
"16",
"cases",
"of",
"middle",
"cerebral",
"artery",
"occlusion",
"(including",
"5",
"cases",
"of",
"internal",
"carotid",
"artery",
"occlusion)",
"and",
"1",
"case",
"of",
"basilar",
"artery",
"occlusion",
"(age",
"range",
"36-88",
"years,",
"mean",
"age",
"74.7",
"years,",
"13",
"men).",
"For",
"the",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"of",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"system,",
"the",
"5MAX",
"ACE",
"was",
"used",
"in",
"15",
"cases,",
"and",
"the",
"5MAX",
"was",
"used",
"in",
"2",
"cases.",
"As",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter,",
"the",
"Scepter",
"C",
"was",
"used",
"in",
"16",
"cases,",
"and",
"the",
"TransForm",
"C",
"was",
"used",
"in",
"1",
"case.",
"The",
"technique",
"was",
"successful",
"in",
"16",
"cases",
"(94.1%).",
"No",
"parent",
"artery",
"dissections",
"were",
"noted",
"in",
"any",
"cases.",
"Catheter",
"-induced",
"vasospasm",
"was",
"noted",
"in",
"1",
"case,",
"but",
"the",
"vasospasm",
"was",
"transient.",
"CONCLUSIONS",
"A",
"coaxial",
"system",
"with",
"a",
"compliant",
"balloon",
"catheter",
"can",
"help",
"safely",
"and",
"easily",
"to",
"navigate",
"the",
"large-bore",
"reperfusion",
"catheter",
"of",
"the",
"Penumbra",
"system",
"to",
"an",
"embolus",
"in",
"patients",
"with",
"tortuous",
"arteries."
] | [
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[
"Hepatic",
"and",
"renal",
"toxicological",
"evaluations",
"of",
"an",
"industrial",
"ovotoxic",
"chemical,",
"4-vinylcyclohexene",
"diepoxide,",
"in",
"both",
"sexes",
"of",
"Wistar",
"rats",
"4-Vinylcyclohexene",
"diepoxide",
"(VCD)",
"is",
"an",
"industrial",
"occupational",
"health",
"hazard",
"chemical",
"because",
"it",
"induces",
"ovotoxicity",
"in",
"rodents.",
"The",
"current",
"study",
"investigated",
"the",
"impacts",
"of",
"VCD",
"on",
"selected",
"hepatic",
"and",
"renal",
"markers",
"of",
"oxidative",
"stress",
"and",
"inflammation",
"in",
"both",
"sexes",
"of",
"Wistar",
"rats.",
"Thus,",
"male",
"and",
"female",
"rats",
"were",
"randomly",
"distributed",
"into",
"four",
"groups",
"of",
"ten",
"rats",
"per",
"group,",
"and",
"dosed",
"orally",
"with",
"VCD",
"for",
"28",
"days.",
"The",
"control",
"male",
"and",
"female",
"groups",
"of",
"rats",
"received",
"corn",
"oil",
"only,",
"while",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"three",
"remaining",
"groups",
"of",
"both",
"sexes",
"of",
"rats",
"received",
"VCD",
"(100,",
"250",
"and",
"500",
"mg/kg",
"BW)",
"respectively.",
"Thereafter,",
"biomarkers",
"of",
"hepatic",
"and",
"renal",
"oxidative",
"damage,",
"inflammation",
"and",
"immunohistochemical",
"expressions",
"of",
"iNOS,",
"COX-2,",
"caspase-9",
"and",
"caspase-3",
"were",
"evaluated.",
"The",
"results",
"revealed",
"that",
"VCD",
"increased",
"markers",
"of",
"liver",
"and",
"kidney",
"functions,",
"oxidative",
"damage",
"and",
"inflammation,",
"and",
"disrupted",
"the",
"antioxidant",
"homeostasis",
"of",
"the",
"rats",
"(p<0.05).",
"Lastly,",
"VCD",
"enhanced",
"the",
"immunohistochemical",
"expressions",
"of",
"iNOS,",
"COX-2,",
"caspase-9",
"and",
"caspase-3",
"in",
"the",
"liver",
"of",
"the",
"rats.",
"Thus,",
"our",
"data",
"imply",
"that",
"VCD",
"induced",
"toxicity",
"in",
"the",
"liver",
"and",
"kidney",
"of",
"rats",
"via",
"the",
"combined",
"impacts",
"of",
"oxidative",
"damage",
"and",
"inflammation."
] | [
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[
"Combinatorial",
"Library",
"Screening",
"Coupled",
"to",
"Mass",
"Spectrometry",
"to",
"Identify",
"Valuable",
"Cyclic",
"Peptides",
"Combinatorial",
"library",
"screening",
"coupled",
"to",
"mass",
"spectrometry",
"(MS)",
"analysis",
"is",
"a",
"practical",
"approach",
"to",
"identify",
"useful",
"peptides.",
"Cyclic",
"peptides",
"can",
"have",
"high",
"biological",
"activity,",
"selectivity,",
"and",
"affinity",
"for",
"target",
"proteins,",
"and",
"high",
"stability",
"against",
"proteolytic",
"degradation.",
"Here",
"we",
"describe",
"two",
"strategies",
"to",
"prepare",
"combinatorial",
"libraries",
"suitable",
"for",
"MS",
"analysis",
"to",
"accelerate",
"the",
"discovery",
"of",
"cyclic",
"peptide",
"structures.",
"Both",
"approaches",
"use",
"ChemMatrix",
"resin",
"and",
"the",
"linker",
"4-hydroxymethylbenzoic",
"acid.",
"One",
"strategy",
"involves",
"the",
"synthesis",
"of",
"a",
"one-bead-two-peptides",
"library",
"in",
"which",
"each",
"bead",
"contains",
"both",
"the",
"cyclic",
"peptide",
"and",
"its",
"linear",
"counterpart",
"to",
"facilitate",
"MS",
"analysis.",
"The",
"other",
"protocol",
"is",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"synthesis",
"of",
"a",
"cyclic",
"depsipeptide",
"library",
"in",
"which",
"a",
"glycolamidic",
"ester",
"group",
"is",
"incorporated",
"by",
"adding",
"glycolic",
"acid.",
"After",
"library",
"screening,",
"the",
"ring",
"is",
"opened",
"and",
"the",
"peptide",
"is",
"released",
"simultaneously",
"for",
"subsequent",
"MS",
"analysis.",
"©",
"2016",
"by",
"John",
"Wiley",
"&",
"Sons,",
"Inc."
] | [
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[
"Women's",
"Sexual",
"Issues",
"After",
"Myocardial",
"Infarction:",
"A",
"Literature",
"Review",
"Sexual",
"activity",
"after",
"myocardial",
"infarction",
"(MI)",
"is",
"a",
"concern",
"for",
"patients",
"and",
"often",
"a",
"challenge",
"for",
"health",
"care",
"professionals",
"to",
"address.",
"It",
"is",
"widely",
"recognized",
"that",
"most",
"patients,",
"of",
"both",
"sexes,",
"report",
"sexual",
"problems",
"or",
"concerns",
"after",
"MI.",
"However,",
"there",
"are",
"reported",
"differences",
"between",
"men",
"and",
"women.",
"Women",
"with",
"sexual",
"concerns",
"may",
"seek",
"less",
"help",
"from",
"health",
"care",
"providers",
"and",
"are",
"more",
"inclined",
"to",
"conceal",
"them",
"because",
"of",
"cultural",
"barriers.",
"The",
"aim",
"of",
"the",
"current",
"study",
"is",
"to",
"present",
"a",
"comprehensive",
"review",
"of",
"the",
"literature",
"describing",
"women's",
"sexual",
"issues",
"after",
"MI.",
"A",
"systematic",
"search",
"of",
"the",
"relevant",
"literature",
"was",
"performed",
"within",
"international",
"databases,",
"including",
"PubMed",
"/",
"Medline,",
"Scopus,",
"ScienceDirect,",
"and",
"ProQuest,",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Google",
"Scholar",
"using",
"relevant",
"keywords.",
"Also,",
"Persian",
"electronic",
"databases",
"such",
"as",
"Magiran,",
"Scientific",
"Information",
"Databases,",
"and",
"Iran",
"Medex",
"were",
"searched",
"from",
"the",
"inception",
"to",
"October",
"2014.",
"Articles",
"focusing",
"on",
"the",
"sexual",
"issues",
"after",
"MI",
"only",
"in",
"women,",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"articles",
"on",
"both",
"sexes",
"where",
"women's",
"results",
"could",
"be",
"separated,",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"this",
"review.",
"A",
"total",
"of",
"8",
"articles",
"were",
"included",
"in",
"the",
"final",
"dataset.",
"The",
"main",
"themes",
"of",
"women's",
"sexual",
"concerns",
"after",
"MI",
"were",
"\"",
"loss",
"or",
"decrease",
"of",
"sexual",
"activity",
",\"",
"\"",
"dissatisfaction",
"of",
"sexual",
"relationship",
",\"",
"\"",
"doubt",
"about",
"resumption",
"time",
"of",
"sexual",
"activity",
",\"",
"\"",
"fear",
"of",
"reinfarction",
"or",
"sudden",
"death",
"during",
"sexual",
"activity",
"after",
"MI",
",\"",
"\"",
"knowledge",
"deficit",
"regarding",
"sexual",
"activity",
"after",
"MI",
",\"",
"and",
"\"",
"poor",
"performance",
"of",
"health",
"care",
"providers",
"in",
"sexual",
"counseling",
".\"",
"The",
"results",
"of",
"this",
"review",
"demonstrate",
"that",
"women's",
"post-",
"MI",
"sexual",
"activity",
"is",
"affected",
"by",
"many",
"concerns.",
"The",
"concerns",
"may",
"be",
"a",
"knowledge",
"deficit",
"related",
"to",
"not",
"receiving",
"necessary",
"consultation",
"on",
"this",
"topic.",
"Nurses,",
"as",
"first-line",
"care",
"givers,",
"can",
"provide",
"appropriate",
"consultation",
"and",
"education",
"for",
"patients",
"post-",
"MI.",
"As",
"a",
"result,",
"breaking",
"taboo",
"imposed",
"by",
"cultural",
"barriers,",
"personal",
"assumptions,",
"or",
"lack",
"of",
"confidence",
"on",
"giving",
"sexual",
"consultation",
"may",
"ultimately",
"help",
"patients",
"to",
"improve",
"their",
"quality",
"of",
"life."
] | [
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[
"Effect",
"of",
"autohydrolysis",
"on",
"the",
"wettability,",
"absorbility",
"and",
"further",
"alkali",
"impregnation",
"of",
"poplar",
"wood",
"chips",
"Autohydrolysis",
"with",
"different",
"severity",
"factors",
"was",
"performed",
"on",
"poplar",
"wood",
"chips",
"prior",
"to",
"pulping,",
"and",
"the",
"wettability,",
"absorbility",
"and",
"the",
"following",
"impregnation",
"of",
"NaOH",
"solution",
"for",
"the",
"poplar",
"wood",
"chips",
"were",
"then",
"investigated.",
"The",
"results",
"showed",
"that",
"after",
"autohydrolysis",
"pretreatment",
"the",
"porosity,",
"shrinkage",
"and",
"fiber",
"saturation",
"point",
"(FSP)",
"of",
"the",
"poplar",
"wood",
"chips",
"were",
"increased,",
"while",
"the",
"surface",
"contact",
"angle",
"decreased",
"as",
"the",
"severity",
"factor",
"was",
"increased.",
"The",
"autohydrolyzed",
"chips",
"absorbed",
"more",
"NaOH",
"in",
"impregnation",
"that",
"resulted",
"in",
"a",
"low",
"NaOH",
"concentration",
"in",
"the",
"bulk",
"impregnation",
"liquor",
"(i.e.,",
"the",
"impregnation",
"liquor",
"outside",
"wood",
"chips),",
"while",
"the",
"concentration",
"in",
"the",
"entrapped",
"liquor",
"(i.e.,",
"the",
"impregnation",
"liquor",
"inside",
"wood",
"chips)",
"was",
"increased.",
"Autohydrolysis",
"substantially",
"improved",
"the",
"effectiveness",
"of",
"alkali",
"impregnation."
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[
"Effect",
"of",
"Transcatheter",
"Arterial",
"Chemoembolization",
"Combined",
"with",
"Argon-Helium",
"Cryosurgery",
"System",
"on",
"the",
"Changes",
"of",
"NK",
"Cells",
"and",
"T",
"Cell",
"Subsets",
"in",
"Peripheral",
"Blood",
"of",
"Hepatocellular",
"Carcinoma",
"Patients",
"Hepatocellular",
"carcinoma",
"(HCC)",
"is",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"most",
"aggressive",
"tumors",
"in",
"humans.",
"T",
"lymphocytes",
"and",
"natural",
"killer",
"(NK)",
"cells",
"are",
"the",
"body's",
"first",
"line",
"of",
"defense",
"to",
"prevent",
"tumor",
"cell",
"growth.",
"Previous",
"studies",
"have",
"demonstrated",
"that",
"transcatheter",
"arterial",
"chemoembolization",
"(TACE)",
"combined",
"with",
"argon-helium",
"cryosurgery",
"system",
"(AHCS)",
"can",
"effectively",
"treat",
"liver",
"cancer.",
"However,",
"the",
"mechanism",
"of",
"the",
"treatment",
"is",
"unclear",
"yet.",
"In",
"the",
"current",
"study,",
"we",
"investigated",
"the",
"effects",
"of",
"TACE",
"combined",
"with",
"AHCS",
"on",
"the",
"changes",
"of",
"T",
"cell",
"subsets",
"and",
"NK",
"cells",
"in",
"peripheral",
"blood",
"of",
"HCC.",
"Our",
"data",
"show",
"that",
"alpha-fetoprotein",
"(AFP)",
"levels",
"in",
"peripheral",
"blood",
"were",
"significantly",
"up-regulated",
"in",
"HCC",
"patients",
"before",
"treatment",
"when",
"compared",
"with",
"healthy",
"people",
"and",
"reduced",
"after",
"TACE",
"combined",
"with",
"AHCS",
"treatment",
"(P",
"<",
"0.01).",
"In",
"addition,",
"we",
"found",
"that",
"CD4+",
"cells",
"and",
"NK",
"cells",
"decreased",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05)",
"and",
"CD8+",
"cells",
"increased",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05)",
"in",
"HCC",
"patients",
"when",
"compared",
"with",
"healthy",
"people.",
"After",
"treatment,",
"the",
"CD4+",
"cells,",
"CD4+",
"/",
"CD8+",
"ratio,",
"and",
"NK",
"cells",
"were",
"dramatically",
"increased",
"in",
"HCC",
"patients",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"In",
"contrast,",
"CD8+",
"cells",
"were",
"significantly",
"decreased",
"(P",
"<",
"0.05).",
"TACE",
"combined",
"with",
"AHCS",
"treatment",
"significantly",
"prolonged",
"1-",
"year",
"survival",
"rate",
"of",
"HCC",
"patients",
"and",
"did",
"not",
"show",
"significant",
"side",
"effects.",
"Taken",
"together,",
"our",
"data",
"indicate",
"that",
"TACE",
"combined",
"with",
"AHCS",
"treatment",
"improves",
"patients",
"'",
"immune",
"system.",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"feasible",
"and",
"effective",
"therapeutic",
"method",
"for",
"HCC",
"patients."
] | [
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[
"The",
"\"tight",
"orbit\":",
"Incidence",
"and",
"management",
"of",
"the",
"orbital",
"compartment",
"syndrome",
"The",
"orbital",
"compartment",
"syndrome",
"(OCS)",
"constitutes",
"a",
"severe",
"emergency,",
"requiring",
"immediate",
"clinical",
"diagnosis",
"and",
"surgical",
"decompression.",
"The",
"key",
"symptom",
"is",
"progressive",
"visual",
"impairment",
"caused",
"by",
"an",
"increase",
"in",
"intraorbital",
"pressure,",
"impairing",
"the",
"perfusion",
"of",
"relevant",
"neurovascular",
"and",
"neurosensory",
"structures.",
"Intraorbital",
"bleeding",
"due",
"to",
"trauma",
"and",
"surgical",
"intervention",
"is",
"known",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"main",
"etiological",
"factor.",
"A",
"retrospective",
"analysis",
"of",
"all",
"patients",
"affected",
"by",
"an",
"OCS",
"between",
"January",
"1,",
"2012,",
"and",
"May",
"31,",
"2015,",
"was",
"performed.",
"Patients'",
"records",
"were",
"reviewed",
"with",
"regard",
"to",
"etiology,",
"initial",
"ophthalmologic",
"status,",
"fracture",
"pattern,",
"concomitant",
"medication,",
"surgical",
"management,",
"and",
"postoperative",
"outcome.",
"The",
"incidence",
"of",
"OCS",
"was",
"calculated",
"based",
"on",
"the",
"total",
"number",
"of",
"craniomaxillofacial",
"(CMF)",
"emergencies.",
"Within",
"3.5",
"years,",
"a",
"total",
"of",
"18,093",
"CMF",
"emergencies",
"were",
"registered.",
"In",
"16",
"patients,",
"an",
"OCS",
"was",
"documented,",
"corresponding",
"to",
"an",
"incidence",
"of",
"0.088%.",
"The",
"mean",
"patient",
"age",
"was",
"67.31",
"±",
"23.86",
"years,",
"ranging",
"from",
"22",
"to",
"102",
"years.",
"The",
"etiology",
"varied,",
"but",
"trauma",
"with",
"subsequent",
"intraorbital",
"bleeding",
"was",
"the",
"main",
"cause.",
"The",
"use",
"of",
"anticoagulative",
"medication",
"was",
"documented",
"in",
"50%",
"of",
"the",
"cases.",
"In",
"14",
"patients,",
"immediate",
"surgical",
"orbital",
"decompression",
"was",
"performed:",
"in",
"10",
"patients,",
"vision",
"could",
"be",
"preserved;",
"in",
"three",
"patients,",
"blindness",
"resulted;",
"and",
"one",
"patient",
"was",
"lost",
"to",
"follow-up.",
"Two",
"patients",
"were",
"managed",
"without",
"surgery.",
"With",
"regard",
"to",
"the",
"total",
"number",
"of",
"CMF",
"emergencies,",
"OCS",
"is",
"a",
"rare",
"condition.",
"Early",
"clinical",
"diagnosis",
"and",
"surgical",
"decompression",
"are",
"required",
"to",
"prevent",
"permanent",
"vision",
"impairment.",
"Anticoagulative",
"medication",
"must",
"be",
"considered",
"as",
"a",
"predisposing",
"factor",
"for",
"an",
"orbital",
"compartment",
"syndrome",
"in",
"patients",
"affected",
"by",
"periorbital",
"trauma."
] | [
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[
"Ammonia",
"as",
"an",
"In",
"Situ",
"Sanitizer:",
"Influence",
"of",
"Virus",
"Genome",
"Type",
"on",
"Inactivation",
"Treatment",
"of",
"human",
"excreta",
"and",
"animal",
"manure",
"(HEAM)",
"is",
"key",
"in",
"controlling",
"the",
"spread",
"of",
"persistent",
"enteric",
"pathogens,",
"such",
"as",
"viruses.",
"The",
"extent",
"of",
"virus",
"inactivation",
"during",
"HEAM",
"storage",
"and",
"treatment",
"appears",
"to",
"vary",
"with",
"virus",
"genome",
"type,",
"although",
"the",
"reasons",
"for",
"this",
"variability",
"are",
"not",
"clear.",
"Here,",
"we",
"investigated",
"the",
"inactivation",
"of",
"viruses",
"of",
"different",
"genome",
"types",
"under",
"conditions",
"representative",
"of",
"HEAM",
"storage",
"or",
"mesophilic",
"digestion.",
"The",
"goals",
"were",
"to",
"characterize",
"the",
"influence",
"of",
"HEAM",
"solution",
"conditions",
"on",
"inactivation",
"and",
"to",
"determine",
"the",
"potential",
"mechanisms",
"involved.",
"Specifically,",
"eight",
"viruses",
"representing",
"the",
"four",
"viral",
"genome",
"types",
"(single-stranded",
"RNA",
"[ssRNA],",
"double-stranded",
"RNA",
"[dsRNA],",
"single-stranded",
"DNA",
"[ssDNA],",
"and",
"double-stranded",
"DNA",
"[dsDNA])",
"were",
"exposed",
"to",
"synthetic",
"solutions",
"with",
"well-controlled",
"temperature",
"(20",
"to",
"35°C),",
"pH",
"(8",
"to",
"9),",
"and",
"ammonia",
"(NH3)",
"concentrations",
"(0",
"to",
"40",
"mmol",
"liter(-1)).",
"DNA",
"and",
"dsRNA",
"viruses",
"were",
"considerably",
"more",
"resistant",
"than",
"ssRNA",
"viruses,",
"resulting",
"in",
"up",
"to",
"1,000-fold-longer",
"treatment",
"times",
"to",
"reach",
"a",
"4-log",
"inactivation.",
"The",
"apparently",
"slower",
"inactivation",
"of",
"DNA",
"viruses",
"was",
"rationalized",
"by",
"the",
"higher",
"stability",
"of",
"DNA",
"than",
"that",
"of",
"ssRNA",
"in",
"HEAM.",
"Pushing",
"the",
"system",
"toward",
"harsher",
"pH",
"(>9)",
"and",
"temperature",
"(>35°C)",
"conditions,",
"such",
"as",
"those",
"encountered",
"in",
"thermophilic",
"digestion",
"and",
"alkaline",
"treatments,",
"led",
"to",
"more",
"consistent",
"inactivation",
"kinetics",
"among",
"ssRNA",
"and",
"other",
"viruses.",
"This",
"suggests",
"that",
"the",
"dependence",
"of",
"inactivation",
"on",
"genome",
"type",
"disappeared",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"protein",
"-mediated",
"inactivation",
"mechanisms",
"common",
"to",
"all",
"viruses.",
"Finally,",
"we",
"recommend",
"the",
"use",
"of",
"MS2",
"as",
"a",
"conservative",
"indicator",
"to",
"assess",
"the",
"inactivation",
"of",
"ssRNA",
"viruses",
"and",
"the",
"stable",
"ΦX174",
"or",
"dsDNA",
"phages",
"as",
"indicators",
"for",
"persistent",
"viruses.",
"Viruses",
"are",
"among",
"the",
"most",
"environmentally",
"persistent",
"pathogens.",
"They",
"can",
"be",
"present",
"in",
"high",
"concentrations",
"in",
"human",
"excreta",
"and",
"animal",
"manure",
"(HEAM).",
"Therefore,",
"appropriate",
"treatment",
"of",
"HEAM",
"is",
"important",
"prior",
"to",
"its",
"reuse",
"or",
"discharge",
"into",
"the",
"environment.",
"Here,",
"we",
"investigated",
"the",
"factors",
"that",
"determine",
"the",
"persistence",
"of",
"viruses",
"in",
"HEAM,",
"and",
"we",
"determined",
"the",
"main",
"mechanisms",
"that",
"lead",
"to",
"their",
"inactivation.",
"Unlike",
"other",
"organisms,",
"viruses",
"can",
"have",
"four",
"different",
"genome",
"types",
"(double-",
"or",
"single-stranded",
"RNA",
"or",
"DNA),",
"and",
"the",
"viruses",
"studied",
"herein",
"represent",
"all",
"four",
"types.",
"Genome",
"type",
"appeared",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"major",
"determinant",
"for",
"persistence.",
"Single-stranded",
"RNA",
"viruses",
"are",
"the",
"most",
"labile,",
"because",
"this",
"genome",
"type",
"is",
"susceptible",
"to",
"degradation",
"in",
"HEAM.",
"In",
"contrast,",
"the",
"other",
"genome",
"types",
"are",
"more",
"stable;",
"therefore,",
"inactivation",
"is",
"slower",
"and",
"mainly",
"driven",
"by",
"the",
"degradation",
"of",
"viral",
"proteins.",
"Overall,",
"this",
"study",
"allows",
"us",
"to",
"better",
"understand",
"the",
"behavior",
"of",
"viruses",
"in",
"HEAM."
] | [
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[
"An",
"electrochemical",
"genosensor",
"for",
"Leishmania",
"major",
"detection",
"based",
"on",
"dual",
"effect",
"of",
"immobilization",
"and",
"electrocatalysis",
"of",
"cobalt-zinc",
"ferrite",
"quantum",
"dots",
"Identification",
"of",
"Leishmania",
"parasites",
"is",
"important",
"in",
"diagnosis",
"and",
"clinical",
"studies",
"of",
"leishmaniasis.",
"Although",
"epidemiological",
"and",
"clinical",
"methods",
"are",
"available,",
"they",
"are",
"not",
"sufficient",
"for",
"identification",
"of",
"causative",
"agents",
"of",
"leishmaniasis.",
"In",
"the",
"present",
"study,",
"quantum",
"dots",
"of",
"magnetic",
"cobalt-zinc",
"ferrite",
"(Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)",
"were",
"synthesized",
"and",
"characterized",
"by",
"physicochemical",
"methods.",
"The",
"quantum",
"dots",
"were",
"then",
"employed",
"as",
"an",
"electrode",
"modifier",
"to",
"immobilize",
"a",
"24-mer",
"specific",
"single",
"stranded",
"DNA",
"probe,",
"and",
"fabrication",
"of",
"a",
"label-free,",
"PCR-free",
"and",
"signal-on",
"electrochemical",
"genosensor",
"for",
"the",
"detection",
"of",
"Leishmania",
"major.",
"Hybridization",
"of",
"the",
"complementary",
"single",
"stranded",
"DNA",
"sequence",
"with",
"the",
"probe",
"under",
"the",
"selected",
"conditions",
"was",
"explored",
"using",
"methylene",
"blue",
"as",
"a",
"redox",
"marker,",
"utilizing",
"the",
"electrocatalytic",
"effect",
"of",
"the",
"quantum",
"dots",
"on",
"the",
"methylene",
"blue",
"electroreduction",
"process.",
"The",
"genosensor",
"could",
"detect",
"a",
"synthetic",
"single",
"stranded",
"DNA",
"target",
"in",
"a",
"range",
"of",
"1.0×10(-11)",
"to",
"1.0×10(-18)molL(-1)",
"with",
"a",
"limit",
"of",
"detection",
"of",
"2.0×10(-19)molL(-1),",
"and",
"genomic",
"DNA",
"in",
"a",
"range",
"of",
"7.31×10(-14)",
"to",
"7.31×10(-6)ngμL(-1)",
"with",
"a",
"limit",
"of",
"detection",
"of",
"1.80×10(-14)ngμL(-1)",
"with",
"a",
"high",
"selectivity",
"and",
"sensitivity."
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[
"The",
"N-Methyl",
"d-Aspartate",
"Glutamate",
"Receptor",
"Antagonist",
"Ketamine",
"Disrupts",
"the",
"Functional",
"State",
"of",
"the",
"Corticothalamic",
"Pathway",
"The",
"non-competitive",
"N-methyl",
"d-aspartate",
"glutamate",
"receptor",
"(NMDAR)",
"antagonist",
"ketamine",
"elicits",
"a",
"brain",
"state",
"resembling",
"high-risk",
"states",
"for",
"developing",
"psychosis",
"and",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"schizophrenia",
"characterized",
"by",
"sensory",
"and",
"cognitive",
"deficits",
"and",
"aberrant",
"ongoing",
"gamma",
"oscillations",
"(30-80",
"Hz)in",
"cortical",
"and",
"subcortical",
"structures,",
"including",
"the",
"thalamus.",
"The",
"underlying",
"mechanisms",
"are",
"unknown.",
"The",
"goal",
"of",
"the",
"present",
"study",
"was",
"to",
"determine",
"whether",
"a",
"ketamine",
"-",
"induced",
"psychotic",
"-",
"relevant",
"state",
"disturbs",
"the",
"functional",
"state",
"of",
"the",
"corticothalamic",
"(CT)",
"pathway.",
"Multisite",
"field",
"recordings",
"were",
"performed",
"in",
"the",
"somatosensory",
"CT",
"system",
"of",
"the",
"sedated",
"rat.",
"Baseline",
"activity",
"was",
"challenged",
"by",
"activation",
"of",
"vibrissa",
"-",
"related",
"prethalamic",
"inputs.",
"The",
"sensory",
"-",
"evoked",
"thalamic",
"response",
"was",
"characterized",
"by",
"a",
"short",
"-",
"latency",
"(∼4",
"ms)",
"prethalamic",
"-mediated",
"negative",
"sharp",
"potential",
"and",
"a",
"longer",
"latency",
"(∼10",
"ms)",
"CT",
"-mediated",
"negative",
"potential.",
"Following",
"a",
"single",
"subcutaneous",
"injection",
"of",
"ketamine",
"(2.5",
"mg/kg),",
"spontaneously",
"occurring",
"and",
"sensory",
"-",
"evoked",
"thalamic",
"gamma",
"oscillations",
"increased",
"and",
"decreased",
"in",
"power,",
"respectively.",
"The",
"power",
"of",
"the",
"sensory",
"-related",
"gamma",
"oscillations",
"was",
"positively",
"correlated",
"with",
"both",
"the",
"amplitude",
"and",
"the",
"area",
"under",
"the",
"curve",
"of",
"the",
"corresponding",
"CT",
"potential",
"but",
"not",
"with",
"the",
"prethalamic",
"potential.",
"The",
"present",
"results",
"show",
"that",
"the",
"layer",
"VI",
"CT",
"pathway",
"significantly",
"contributes",
"in",
"thalamic",
"gamma",
"oscillations,",
"and",
"they",
"support",
"the",
"hypothesis",
"that",
"reduced",
"NMDAR",
"activation",
"disturbs",
"the",
"functional",
"state",
"of",
"CT",
"and",
"corticocortical",
"networks."
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[
"Novel",
"immunotherapeutic",
"strategies",
"to",
"target",
"alloantibody",
"-producing",
"B",
"and",
"plasma",
"cells",
"in",
"transplantation",
"There",
"is",
"an",
"unmet",
"need",
"for",
"immunotherapeutic",
"agents",
"that",
"target",
"humoral",
"alloimmunity",
"in",
"solid",
"organ",
"transplantation.",
"This",
"includes",
"sensitized",
"patients",
"with",
"preformed",
"donor",
"-specific",
"human",
"leucocyte",
"antigen",
"antibodies",
"and",
"patients",
"who",
"develop",
"de-novo",
"donor",
"-specific",
"antibodies,",
"both",
"of",
"which",
"are",
"associated",
"with",
"acute",
"and",
"chronic",
"antibody-mediated",
"rejection",
"and",
"allograft",
"loss.",
"In",
"this",
"review,",
"we",
"discuss",
"recent",
"progress",
"in",
"the",
"generation",
"of",
"B-cell",
"and",
"plasma",
"cell",
"-targeted",
"therapeutics,",
"with",
"an",
"emphasis",
"on",
"novel",
"agents.",
"To",
"deplete",
"or",
"inhibit",
"B",
"cells,",
"B-cell",
"-specific",
"mAbs",
"have",
"been",
"developed,",
"including",
"CD20,",
"CD22,",
"CD19",
"and",
"bi-specific",
"antibodies",
"that",
"target",
"two",
"B-cell",
"antigens.",
"In",
"addition,",
"inhibition",
"of",
"B-cell",
"-",
"activating",
"cytokines,",
"such",
"as",
"B",
"cell-activating",
"factor,",
"may",
"also",
"reduce",
"allo-B-cell",
"activation.",
"Plasma",
"cells",
"remain",
"a",
"difficult",
"therapeutic",
"target,",
"but",
"inhibition",
"of",
"germinal",
"centre",
"responses",
"via",
"costimulatory",
"blockade",
"or",
"IL21",
"neutralization,",
"induction",
"of",
"plasma",
"cell",
"apoptosis",
"using",
"proteasome",
"inhibitors",
"or",
"disruption",
"of",
"the",
"plasma",
"cell",
"niche",
"are",
"potential",
"avenues",
"being",
"explored.",
"The",
"ultimate",
"aim",
"of",
"these",
"animal",
"and",
"human",
"studies",
"is",
"to",
"develop",
"agents",
"that",
"efficiently",
"target",
"humoral",
"effectors,",
"whilst",
"sparing",
"B",
"and",
"plasma",
"cells",
"with",
"a",
"regulatory",
"capacity",
"to",
"promote",
"long-term",
"allograft",
"survival,",
"but",
"we",
"remain",
"some",
"distance",
"away",
"from",
"this",
"goal."
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