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2 values
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large_stringclasses
15 values
year
large_stringdate
2014-01-01 00:00:00
2026-01-01 00:00:00
FE
float64
13.7
100
J
float64
1
2.2k
E_full
float64
2
7.57
E_cathode
float64
-2.1
-0.25
RE_type
large_stringclasses
7 values
Stability
float64
0.02
8k
Cell
large_stringclasses
3 values
title
large_stringlengths
46
190
doi
large_stringlengths
17
31
CO2RR
CH3CONH2
2026
15.1
null
null
null
null
null
flow cell
Cascade C─C/C─N Bonding for Acetamide Synthesis from Electrocatalytic CO2 and Nitrate Coupling on CuCo Diatomic Sites
10.1002/adma.73077
CO2RR
C2+
2026
null
585
null
null
null
200
flow cell
3DOM Perovskite Enabled Interfacial Microenvironment Regulation With Accelerated Complete Reconstruction to Grain‐Boundary‐Rich Nano‐Copper for High‐Current C 2+ Electrosynthesis
10.1002/adma.73086
CO2RR
CO
2026
78
null
null
null
null
null
null
Reactive CO2 capture via controlled amine speciation in non-aqueous electrolytes
10.1038/s41560-026-02035-4
CO2RR
HCOO
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
MEA
A CO2 electrolyser with high flux for stable production of high-concentration formate
10.1038/s41929-026-01533-8
CO2RR
CO
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Peaks and pitfalls of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction descriptor models
10.1038/s41929-026-01526-7
CO2RR
HCOOH
2026
null
288
null
null
null
null
null
Molecularly Engineered Robust Polyelectrolyte for Continuous CO2 Electroreduction to Pure Formic Acid
10.1002/anie.3692505
CO2RR
CH3OH
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Why Is Methanol Formation Suppressed in CO2 Reduction Over Copper Electrocatalysts?
10.1002/anie.8893584
CO2RR
CH4
2026
77.8
500.257069
null
null
null
250
null
Ligand Protection Strategy for Highly Selective and Stable Electrochemical CO2 Methanation
10.1002/anie.7136576
CO2RR
CO
2026
99.4
null
null
null
null
null
null
Dynamic Proton Gating via Interfacial Water Programming Enables Near-Unity CO2 -to-CO Conversion in Acid
10.1021/acscatal.6c01416
CO2RR
HCOOH
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Metal−Support Interactions at the Pd/In 2 O 3 Interface Enhance CO2 Electroreduction
10.1021/acscatal.6c01326
CO2RR
CO
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Geometry-Enabled Hydrogen Bonding Alignment Dictates CO2 Electroreduction Kinetics on Gold Facets
10.1021/acscatal.5c09283
CO2RR
unclear
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
High-Throughput Screening of Catalysts through Infrared Thermography for CO2 Electrolysis
10.1021/acscatal.6c00580
CO2RR
CO
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Unveiling the Potential Effects in CO2 Electroreduction: Electronic Structure Modulation of Active Sites
10.1021/acscatal.6c01045
CO2RR
unclear
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
The Cascade Effectiveness of 3-Terminal Tandem Photocathode Architectures as Applied to CO2 Reduction
10.1021/acsenergylett.6c00552
CO2RR
C1+
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Inverse Design of Ag–Cu Bimetallic Alloys: Tuning C 1+ Selectivity during CO2 Electroreduction
10.1021/jacs.6c01296
CO2RR
CH3CH2OH
2026
57.3
null
null
null
null
null
null
Tailoring Dual-Functional Ionomers for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol
10.1021/jacs.5c20004
CO2RR
carbon
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Tuning Proton Activity in Organic Electrolytes for Selective CO2 -to-Long-Chain Hydrocarbon Conversion
10.1021/jacs.6c02735
CO2RR
CO
2026
93
200
null
null
null
24
flow cell
Redox-mediated domino electrosynthesis of N,N-dimethylformamide with industrial-relevant productivity and modularized cathodic integration
10.1038/s41467-026-71637-z
CO2RR
C2+
2026
83
2,200
null
null
null
null
flow cell
A scalable, biopolymer-based microenvironment for electrochemical CO2 conversion to multicarbon products with current densities over 2 A cm−2
10.1038/s41560-026-02040-7
CO2RR
carbon
2026
null
null
null
-1.3
W QRE
0.4
null
Operando spectroelectrochemical identification of peroxide intermediate in molten carbonate CO2-to-carbon electroreduction
10.1038/s41467-026-70977-0
CO2RR
CO
2026
98
null
null
-1.81
Fc+/Fc
null
null
Concerted Proton and Electron Transfer in Heterogeneous Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
10.1002/anie.202515715
CO2RR
CO
2026
90
1,052.222222
null
null
null
15
MEA
Sunken-Serpentine Flow-Field Engineering Unlocks Ampere-Level CO2 Electrolysis via Local CO2 Enrichment and Water Management
10.1021/acsenergylett.6c00640
CO2RR
CH4
2026
53
605.660377
null
null
null
null
flow cell
Sub-Nanometer Nanoclusters of Copper Atop Single-Atom Copper Moieties toward Electrochemical CO2 Hydrogenation to Methane
10.1021/acscatal.5c09141
CO2RR
HCOOH
2026
97.7
400
null
null
null
390
flow cell
Sponge-inspired catalyst design for durable acidic CO2 reduction at low K+ concentration
10.1038/s41467-026-72463-z
CO2RR
CH3NH2
2026
13.7
71.532847
null
-1.08
RHE
0.5
H-cell
Pulsed electrosynthesis orthogonally optimizes C‒N coupling and hydrogenation for amine production with a molecular catalyst
10.1038/s41467-026-72678-0
CO2RR
HCOO
2026
95
400
2.56
null
null
200
MEA
Stabilizing sub-2 nm δ-Bi2O3 via strong lanthanide-oxide-support interaction for durable CO2 electroreduction to formate
10.1038/s41467-026-71855-5
CO2RR
CO
2026
99.1
100
null
-1.2
RHE
2,600
flow cell
Dynamic assembly of interfacial organic cations enables highly stable and selective CO2 electroreduction in acid
10.1126/sciadv.aea1941
CO2RR
unclear
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Potential of Zero Charge as a Kinetic Descriptor for CO2 Electroreduction
10.1021/jacs.6c02109
CO2RR
CH4
2026
81.8
260.757946
null
null
null
null
null
Thiocyanate “Passivation” Unlocks Highly Selective and Efficient Acidic CO2 Electroreduction to CH4 on Cu-Based Catalysts
10.1021/jacs.6c04132
CO2RR
unclear
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Revisiting Catalyst Restructuring in CO2 Reduction: The Dominant Yet Overlooked Role of Hydrogen
10.1021/jacs.6c05573
CO2RR
CO
2026
null
null
null
-1.108
SHE
0.016667
null
Structured Electrodes Induce Local pH as a Primary Determinant of CO2 Reduction Selectivity
10.1021/jacs.5c22508
CO2RR
carbon
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Solar-Powered Asymmetric C–C Coupling toward Efficient CO2 -to-C 2+ Hydrocarbon Conversion at Ultralow Bias
10.1021/jacs.6c01468
CO2RR
CH3CH2OH
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Spin Polarization Enhanced Ethanol Selectivity in Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction on the Paramagnetic CuO Surface
10.1021/jacs.6c05085
CO2RR
CH3OH
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
A Monolithic Artificial Leaf for Solar Methanol Production from CO2 and H2 O
10.1021/jacs.6c04213
CO2RR
HCOO
2026
92
14.34
null
-1.2
SHE
null
null
Identification of Sn 5 Active Site on SnO2 (110) for CO2 Electroreduction via Constant-Potential Method and Microkinetic Modeling
10.1021/jacsau.6c00195
CO2RR
methylpiperidine
2026
71.6
null
null
-0.6
Ag/AgCl
null
null
Integrated CO2 Capture and Conversion Induced by Amines for Effective Electrocatalytic N‐Methylation
10.1002/anie.2285211
CO2RR
CO
2026
96.5
40
null
-1.3
RHE
90
null
Electrolyte‐Replacement‐Free Continuous Electrocatalytic Desalination Coupled With CO2 Reduction at Record Throughput and Low Cost
10.1002/anie.9124699
CO2RR
CO
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
A Cu–La Dual‐Atomic Catalyst With Dual‐Site Adsorption Enables Synergistic Optimization of Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
10.1002/anie.202521626
CO2RR
C2H4
2026
54
250
null
null
null
30
flow cell
Heteroatom‐Engineered Triatomic Cu Cluster on G‐C 3 N 4 for Selective CO2 ‐to‐Ethylene Electrocatalysis
10.1002/adma.73318
CORR
CH3OH
2026
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
Intrinsic Coordination Architecture Governing Selectivity Divergence Between Extended and Single‐Site Electrocatalysts
10.1002/adma.73223
CO2RR
CO
2025
80
100
3.4
null
null
4,500
null
Acid-Humidified CO2 Gas Input for Stable Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction
10.1126/science.adr3834
CO2RR
CO
2025
90
100
3.5
null
null
1,000
null
Improving the Operational Stability of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction via Salt Precipitation Understanding and Management
10.1038/s41560-024-01695-4
CO2RR
CO
2026
88
66.67
null
null
null
1,000
null
Kilowatt-scale alkali-cation-free CO2 electrolysis via accelerating mass transfer
10.1038/s41467-026-69175-9
CO2RR
CO
2025
90
400
2.9
null
null
20
null
Electro-Activated Indigos Intensify Ampere-Level CO2 Reduction to CO on Silver Catalysts
10.1038/s41467-025-58593-w
CO2RR
CO
2024
90
200
3
null
null
50
null
Industry-Level Electrocatalytic CO2 to CO Enabled by 2D Mesoporous Ni Single Atom Catalysts
10.1002/anie.202416629
CO2RR
CO
2023
94
300
3.5
null
null
70
null
Dynamic Metal-CLigand Coordination Boosts CO2 Electroreduction
10.1021/jacs.3c04143
CO2RR
CO
2022
80
500
3.5
null
null
100
null
Resolving Local Reaction Environment toward an Optimized CO2-to-CO Conversion Performance
10.1039/D1EE02966E
CO2RR
CO
2026
90
200
2.8
null
null
100
null
Concurrently Maximize CO2RR and Minimize HER: A Dual Catalytic Active Site Approach for Ampere-Level CO2-to-CO Electrolysis
10.1002/anie.202521247
CO2RR
CO
2024
95
100
3.7
null
null
528
null
Turning Copper into an Efficient and Stable CO Evolution Catalyst beyond Noble Metals
10.1038/s41467-024-50436-4
CO2RR
CO
2024
90
200
3.5
null
null
80
null
Anchoring Cs+ Ions on Carbon Vacancies for Selective CO2 Electroreduction to CO at High Current Densities in Membrane Electrode Assembly Electrolyzers
10.1002/anie.202410802
CO2RR
CO
2022
85
100
3.1
null
null
200
null
Urea-Functionalized Silver Catalyst toward Efficient and Robust CO2 Electrolysis with Relieved Reliance on Alkali Cations
10.1021/acsami.2c05918
CO2RR
CO
2023
95
100
2.1
null
null
70
null
Atomically Dispersed Nickel Coordinated with Nitrogen on Carbon Nanotubes to Boost Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00933
CO2RR
CO
2021
90
500
3.2
null
null
224
null
Operando Cathode Activation with Alkali Metal Cations for High Current Density Operation of Water-Fed Zero-Gap Carbon Dioxide Electrolysers
10.1038/s41560-021-00813-w
CO2RR
CO
2025
90
200
3.5
null
null
500
null
Improving the Operational Stability of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction via Salt Precipitation Understanding and Management
10.1038/s41560-024-01695-4
CO2RR
CO
2024
90
100
3.3
null
null
240
null
Realizing Ampere-Level CO2 Electrolysis at Low Voltage over a Woven Network of Few-Atom-Layer Ultralong Silverene Nanobelts with Ultrahigh Aspect Ratio by Pairing with Formaldehyde Oxidation
10.1039/D4NR00361F
CO2RR
CO
2023
90
300
3.3
null
null
100
null
Performance and Stability of Aemion and Aemion+ Membranes in Zero-Gap CO2 Electrolyzers with Mild Anolyte Solutions
10.1002/cssc.202202376
CO2RR
CO
2019
100
85
2.46
null
null
20
null
Large-Scale and Highly Selective CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction on Nickel Single-Atom Catalyst
10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.015
CO2RR
CO
2019
90
50
2.1
null
null
8
null
Molecular Electrocatalysts Can Mediate Fast, Selective CO2 Reduction in a Flow Cell
10.1126/science.aax4608
CO2RR
CO
2018
90
50
2.78
null
null
8
null
Isolated Ni Single Atoms in Graphene Nanosheets for High-Performance CO2 Reduction
10.1039/C7EE03245E
CO2RR
CO
2018
65
100
3.5
null
null
24
null
Electrolysis of Gaseous CO2 to CO in a Flow Cell with a Bipolar Membrane
10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01017
CO2RR
CO
2016
60
80
3
null
null
14
null
Electrolysis of CO2 to Syngas in Bipolar Membrane-Based Electrochemical Cells
10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00475
CO2RR
CO
2017
95
50
3
null
null
4,380
null
Sustainion Imidazolium-Functionalized Polymers for Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis
10.1002/ente.201600636
CO2RR
CO
2018
90
200
3
null
null
3,800
null
CO2 Electrolysis to CO and O2 at High Selectivity, Stability and Efficiency Using Sustainion Membranes
10.1149/2.0501815jes
CO2RR
CO
2018
92.5
30
2.8
null
null
70
null
Gas Phase Electrolysis of Carbon Dioxide to Carbon Monoxide Using Nickel Nitride as the Carbon Enrichment Catalyst
10.1021/acsami.8b11942
CO2RR
CO
2018
95
300
3.1
null
null
4,000
null
Carbon Dioxide and Water Electrolysis Using New Alkaline Stable Anion Membranes
10.3389/fchem.2018.00263
CO2RR
CO
2019
90
50
2.25
null
null
100
null
An Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte CO2 Electrolyzer Operated with Pure Water
10.1039/C9EE01204D
CO2RR
HCOOH
2017
80
140
3.5
null
null
142
null
Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to Formic Acid Utilizing SustainionTM Membranes
10.1016/j.jcou.2017.04.011
CO2RR
HCOOH
2018
91
40
2.2
null
null
48
null
Catholyte-Free Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate
10.1002/anie.201803501
CO2RR
HCOOH
2019
80
30
3
null
null
100
null
Continuous Production of Pure Liquid Fuel Solutions via Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Using Solid-Electrolyte Devices
10.1038/s41560-019-0451-x
CO2RR
HCOOH
2016
85
21
null
-1.8
SCE
50
null
Metallic Tin Quantum Sheets Confined in Graphene toward High-Efficiency Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction
10.1038/ncomms12697
CO2RR
HCOOH
2018
90
60
null
-1.14
RHE
100
null
Orbital Interactions in Bi-Sn Bimetallic Electrocatalysts for Highly Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction toward Formate Production
10.1002/aenm.201802427
CO2RR
HCOOH
2017
80
6
null
-0.8
RHE
15
null
Reduced SnO2 Porous Nanowires with a High Density of Grain Boundaries as Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical CO2-into-HCOOH Conversion
10.1002/anie.201612194
CO2RR
HCOOH
2019
78
10
null
-0.958
RHE
7
null
Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to HCOOH over Sub-2 Nm SnO2 Quantum Wires with Exposed Grain Boundaries
10.1002/anie.201903613
CO2RR
HCOOH
2017
84.5
12
null
-1.4
RHE
14
null
Towards a Better Sn: Efficient Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formate by Sn/SnS2 Derived from SnS2 Nanosheets
10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.11.004
CO2RR
HCOOH
2018
84
5
null
-0.75
RHE
24
null
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Defect-Rich Bi Derived from Bi2S3 with Enhanced Formate Selectivity
10.1039/C8TA00023A
CO2RR
HCOOH
2017
86.5
7.5
null
-1.2
RHE
16
null
Effect of the Surface Roughness of Copper Substrate on Three-Dimensional Tin Electrode for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 into HCOOH
10.1016/j.jcou.2017.07.012
CO2RR
HCOOH
2020
70
200
3.8
null
null
1,000
null
Performance and Long-Term Stability of CO2 Conversion to Formic Acid Using a Three-Compartment Electrolyzer Design
10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101349
CO2RR
HCOOH
2020
80
30
2
null
null
100
null
Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to High-Concentration Pure Formic Acid Solutions in an All-Solid-State Reactor
10.1038/s41467-020-17403-1
CO2RR
HCOOH
2021
96
100
3.45
null
null
180
null
Copper-Catalysed Exclusive CO2 to Pure Formic Acid Conversion via Single-Atom Alloying
10.1038/s41565-021-00974-5
CO2RR
HCOOH
2021
95
100
null
-0.65
RHE
2,400
null
Stable, Active CO2 Reduction to Formate via Redox-Modulated Stabilization of Active Sites
10.1038/s41467-021-25573-9
CO2RR
HCOOH
2021
82
60
4
null
null
100
null
Active CO2 Reduction to Formate via Redox-Modulated Stabilization of Active Sites
10.1038/s41467-021-25573-9_2
CO2RR
HCOOH
2023
90
100
3.5
null
null
280
null
A Nanocomposite of Bismuth Clusters and Bi2O2CO3 Sheets for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formate
10.1002/anie.202214959
CO2RR
HCOOH
2024
90
600
2.2
null
null
5,200
null
Durable CO2 Conversion in the Proton-Exchange Membrane System
10.1038/s41586-023-06917-5
CO2RR
HCOOH
2024
70
200
4.1
null
null
300
null
Concentrated Formic Acid from CO2 Electrolysis for Directly Driving Fuel Cell
10.1002/anie.202317628
CO2RR
HCOOH
2024
85
100
2.6
null
null
200
null
Molecular Engineering of Dispersed Tin Phthalocyanine on Carbon Nanotubes for Selective CO2 Reduction to Formate. Appl. Catal. B Environ
10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123650
CO2RR
HCOOH
2026
90
200
2.87
null
null
8,000
null
A High-Flux Membrane Electrode Assembly for CO2 Electroreduction to 4.5 M Formate with over 8,000 h Stability
10.1038/s41929-026-01524-9
CO2RR
HCOOH
2024
90
100
3.5
null
null
100
null
Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Formic Acid with High Carbon Efficiency. ACS Energy Lett
10.1021/acsenergylett.4c02773
CO2RR
CH4
2025
60
200
4
null
null
500
null
Recoverable Operation Strategy for Selective and Stable Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methane
10.1038/s41560-025-01883-w
CO2RR
CH4
2024
75
1.5
null
-1.5
RHE
13
null
Copper Nanoclusters: Selective CO2 to Methane Conversion beyond 1A/Cm2. Appl. Catal. B Environ. Energy 2024, 353, 124061
10.1016/j.apcatb.2024.124061
CO2RR
CH4
2022
64
300
null
null
null
6
null
Steering Surface Reconstruction of Copper with Electrolyte Additives for CO2 Electroreduction
10.1038/s41467-022-30819-1
CO2RR
CH4
2025
80
500
2.8
null
null
25
null
Self-Healing Cu Single-Atom Catalyst for High-Performance Electrocatalytic CO2 Methanation
10.1038/s41467-025-63274-9
CO2RR
CH4
2022
60
230
4
null
null
50
null
Enhancing CO2 Electroreduction to CH4 over Cu Nanoparticles Supported on N-Doped Carbon
10.1039/D2SC02222B
CO2RR
CH4
2023
70
250
5.4
null
null
12
null
High-Rate and Selective Conversion of CO2 from Aqueous Solutions to Hydrocarbons
10.1038/s41467-023-38963-y
CO2RR
CH4
2023
70
500
7.57
null
null
12
null
High-Rate and Selective Conversion of CO2 from Aqueous Solutions to Hydrocarbons
10.1038/s41467-023-38963-y_2
CO2RR
CH4
2021
80
200
null
-0.9
RHE
2.5
null
Coordination Environment Dependent Selectivity of Single-Site-Cu Enriched Crystalline Porous Catalysts in CO2 Reduction to CH4
10.1038/s41467-021-26724-8
CO2RR
CH4
2020
50
225
null
-1
RHE
22
null
Efficient Methane Electrosynthesis Enabled by Tuning Local CO2 Availability
10.1021/jacs.9b12445
CO2RR
CH4
2024
54
200
4.25
null
null
10
null
Electroreduction of CO2 to Methane with Triazole Molecular Catalysts
10.1038/s41560-024-01645-0
CO2RR
CH4
2021
56
190
4
null
null
110
null
Low Coordination Number Copper Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Methanation in a Membrane Electrode Assembly
10.1038/s41467-021-23065-4
CO2RR
CH4
2021
50
300
null
-0.8
RHE
9
null
Molecular Stabilization of Sub-Nanometer Cu Clusters for Selective CO2 Electromethanation
10.1002/cssc.202102010
CO2RR
CH4
2023
70
200
3.1
null
null
11
null
Construction of Low-Coordination Cu-C2 Single-Atoms Electrocatalyst Facilitating the Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Methane
10.1002/ange.202314121
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

CO2RR data

This database is maintained using AI and stores experimental performance data for CO2RR studies published in leading journals.

For details: https://science.co2rr.org/

Units

J: mA*cm^{-2}. We report full current density by default. If an article only provides partial current density without FE, we report partial current density instead (this may happen when only the abstract is accessible).

E: V. Potentials are divided into two columns depending on whether the paper reports the total potential or the cathodic potential relative to a specific reference electrode.

Stability: Hours.

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