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|---|---|---|---|
idealizations | assumptions made with no regard to their truth-aptness and often with full knowledge of their falsity | action of representing something as perfect or without flaws | 9,144 |
pro tanto duty | defeasible duty | all-things-considered duty | 2,927 |
definite description | refers to the one and only | affirmed without doubt | 2,576 |
folk physics | intuitive understating of the behavior of physical objects | people's body | 5,079 |
equivalence testing | establishes that differences are small enough not to matter | establishes that difference is null | 7,699 |
hobbes’s theory of matter | materialism | authoritarianism | 2,245 |
contractualism | ethical theory that bases morality on what rational people would agree to | ethical theory that bases morality on what is in the fine print of licensing agreements | 2,769 |
normative ethics | prescriptive ethics | descriptive ethics | 6,209 |
logicism | the position that mathematics is grounded in logic | the position that logic is a branch of mathematics | 5,465 |
moral realism | the view that morality is mind-independent | morally realistic | 3,529 |
the absolute | the totality of what exists | the category defined as the union of all apparent categories | 7,146 |
the hard problem | explaining the possibility of philosophical zombies | physicalism | 12,235 |
epistemology of intuition | the study of how intuition can be justified or constitute knowledge | the intuitions used in epistemology | 4,695 |
epistemic justification | rational warrant | legal permit | 7,681 |
normic support | justification | normal support | 1,597 |
infimum | greatest lower bound | minimum | 7,172 |
final cause | telos | last cause in a sequence of causes | 6,180 |
credence | subjective probability | objective probability | 394 |
entertainment | leisure | art | 8,981 |
the scientific method | hypothesis, testing, results, conclusion | the method by which science is made and truth is discovered | 3,954 |
empty name | a proper name without a referent | a name that consists of zero characters | 4,919 |
the enneads | magnum opus of plotinus | ancient work on psychological typology | 11,221 |
felicity | successful speech | happiness | 1,180 |
dispositional essentialism | essential dispositions | existential essentialism | 6,205 |
knowledge | factive mental state | justified true belief | 1,911 |
the republic | plato's republic | the american republic | 9,644 |
concept | fregean sense | meaning of a word | 8,095 |
meaning | semantics | syntax | 2,214 |
unity, plurality, totality | kant's categories of quantity | unit, plural, total | 7,520 |
the veil of ignorance | the starting point of social organization | endnotes | 12,316 |
simulation hypothesis | the matrix | matrix algebra | 7,701 |
ontological pluralism | there are multiple ways of being | value pluralism | 3,851 |
unity | oneness | singleness | 12,116 |
coincident objects | lumpl and goliath | david and caesar | 8,302 |
perception | experience | reputation | 4,705 |
adverbialism | sellars’ theory of perception | sense-data | 4,786 |
gettier cases | cases where a subject has a true justified belief but it's not knowledge | gettier's suitcases | 5,610 |
stoicism | teaches the development of self-control and fortitude to overcome destructive emotions, emphasizing reason, virtue, and wisdom. | epicureanism | 10,984 |
formal epistemology | bayesian epistemology | formular epistemology | 4,449 |
constructive logic | intuitionistic logic | constructive log ick | 11,066 |
discursive rationality | universal pragmatics | intelligent conversation | 1,691 |
falsifiability | scientific theories are continually tested and refined through experimentation. | verificationism | 5,113 |
concepts | categories | kinds | 123 |
an example of wittgenstein's seventh thesis in the tractatus logico-philosophicus. | truth-apt statements about the history of religion. | logical propositions as used in catholic dogmatic theology. | 10,908 |
all giraffes are reptiles | no non-reptiles are giraffes | all non-reptiles are giraffes | 1,952 |
brain in a vat | computers can control the brain separated from the body | neuralink microchips can show subjective experiences | 10,661 |
epistemic relativism | relative truth | cultural relativism | 6,213 |
objective list theories of well-being | theory of well-being that holds there are certain goods that all humans ought to prudentially seek | theory of well-being that holds there are strict goals that every human should have | 3,488 |
sample space | set of possible outcomes | sample size | 9,751 |
evil demon | external world skepticism | devil | 7,481 |
principle of sufficient reason | everything must have a reason or cause | sufficient, reasonable principles | 7,635 |
self-consciousness | apperception (as in kant) | conscience | 8,061 |
perfect subset | closed subset with no isolated points | subset with perfect set property | 6,939 |
cambridge properties | extrinsic properties | cambridge real estates | 8,939 |
schopenhauer's limitations of scientific knowledge | schopenhauer's occult qualities of science | schopenhauer's subjectivity of knowledge | 7,549 |
epistemic justification | rational warrant | moral obligation | 11,542 |
marxism | scientific socialism | hegel | 10,381 |
immanent realism | the view that universals are a part of the concrete physical world. | the view that the things in our immediate perception are real. | 5,809 |
categoricity | unique model up to isomorphism | determinacy | 4,490 |
heraclitus's philosophy | a school of thought emphasising impermanence and the principle of the logos | thales | 8,642 |
the view that all propositions are true | trivialism | the view that all propositions are false | 11,013 |
critical incident | moral dilemma | hermeneutics | 4,075 |
weakness of will | failure to choose to do what one had been intending to do | inability to make free choices | 1,891 |
common sense | universally accepted beliefs | common knowledge | 3,025 |
material cause | that of which it is made | material conditional | 7,663 |
she suffered moral injury | she experienced negative emotions from compromising her moral values | she was upset because someone betrayed her | 295 |
large cardinal | cardinals greater than the inaccessible | cardinals greater than the countable | 3,838 |
utilitarianism | consequentialism | only intentions matter | 12,303 |
metametaphysics | the study of the the study of ultimate reality | metaontology | 8,615 |
responsibility | duties and rights of human interaction | socialism | 12,086 |
utilitarianism | consequentialism | satisficing | 1,785 |
conceive | imagine | procreate | 11,970 |
a priori | independent of experience | consciousness | 286 |
jack and the indians | dilemma by bernard williams | colonialism | 4,513 |
ethical | moral | correct | 3,991 |
anomalous monism | non-reductive physicalism | neutral monism | 1,758 |
i don't know what it is like to be a bat. | i don't have bat's phenomenal consciousness as bat does. | i don't know what resembles a bat. | 8,200 |
blue notebook | one of wittgenstein's note taking books | students used these for exams at uc berkeley | 1,284 |
natural law theory of jurisprudence | commands from the state can be validly binding laws only if they are not morally wrong | court decisions must obey the physical laws of nature | 3,231 |
confirmatory research | testing predictions of theories | exploratory research | 8,169 |
a naturalistic approach to law; it is the view that jurisprudence should emulate the methods of natural science | legal realism | a non-naturalistic approach to law; it is the view that jurisprudence should not emulate the methods of natural science | 10,511 |
properties we discover in objects are dependent on the way that those objects appear to us not necessarily something they possess "in themselves" | idealism | properties we discover in objects are not dependent on the way that those objects appear but necessarily something they possess "in themselves" | 3,706 |
ecological theory | theory about the relationships among living things and their environments | environmentalist ideas | 6,464 |
reductionism | a philosophical view according to which phenomena can be explained or reduced to simpler or fundamental phenomena | reductive materialist theories of consciousness | 8,909 |
kant's formula for the kingdom of ends | treat others as though we are already in a kingdom of ends | treat others as if they will fail us, so we are prepared to care for them | 3,546 |
metaethical moral relativism | moral judgements do not have truth-values absolutely, but only relative to cultures, traditions, shared practices, etc. | the view that morality is relative to metaethics | 5,909 |
derridean deconstruction | literary-hermeneutical technique developed by derrida | french, architectural scheme of controlled demolition named after the philosopher, derrida | 11,186 |
epistemic peer | epistemic equal | epistemic onlooker | 549 |
osr | ontic structural realism | orca | 6,750 |
cosmogony | any view about the origin of the cosmos | cosmology | 9,023 |
intensions | meanings | intentions | 9,640 |
thick and thin | positive and negative definitions | overweight and underweight | 3,166 |
disposition to believe | tendency to accept | ability to know | 6,277 |
eliminativism | mind-brain identity theory | metaphysical nihilism | 8,579 |
dynamic nominalism about social kind | there are no social properties but they somehow have causal power to the people categorized as such and in turn affect the classifications too | there are no social kinds | 11,235 |
logic | theory of reasoning | logo | 8,390 |
a priori knowledge | self-evident truths known without experience | empirical knowledge | 2,586 |
eudaimonia | flourishing | euthanasia | 4,024 |
quine's criterion for ontological commitment | to be is to be the value of a bound variable | what has existence is what nominalists believe has existence not what realists believe | 11,257 |
theological fatalism | because god knows everything, and because everything that is known is determined to be true, there can be no free will | if god exists, then that would be fatal for us | 5,020 |
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